r A— 
 
 
FROM THE LIBRARY OF 
 REV. LOUIS FITZGERALD BENSON. D. D. 
 
 BEQUEATHED BY HIM TO 
 
 THE LIBRARY OF 
 
 PRINCETON THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY 
 

 ^ 
 
 / 
 
( ^ MAR 5 1937 , 
 
 BRITISH --. 
 
 Musical Biography: 
 
 A DICTIONARY OF 
 
 MUSICAL ARTISTS, AUTHORS AND COMPOSERS, 
 
 BORN IN 
 
 BRITAIN AND ITS COLONIES. 
 
 BY 
 
 JAMES D. BROWN, 
 
 AUTHOR OF A " BIOCRArHICAL DICTIONARY OF MUSICIANS," KTC, 
 
 AND 
 
 STEPHEN S. STRATTON. 
 
 BIRMINGHAM: 
 S. S. Stratton, 247, Monument Road. 
 
 PRINTED BY CHADFIliLD AND SON, LTD., DERBY. 
 1897. 
 
 (All Rights Reserved.) 
 
TO THE INCORPOKATED SOCIETY OF MUSICIANS 
 
 THIS WORK IS 
 
 DEDICATED 
 
 BY THE AUTHORS. 
 
PREFACE 
 
 In undertaking this work, tlie authors have been animated by the desire 
 to present the true position of the British Empire in the world of music. 
 A country is musical only by the music it produces for itself, not by 
 what it takes from others. In this work, therefore, only what has been 
 done by Britain's own sons and daughters is placed on record. It is 
 probable that in no other nation is there, at the present time, greater 
 musical activity, creative or executive, than is to be witnessed in our 
 own ; and this not only in the great centres of population and culture, 
 but everywhere throughout the Empire. In this connection the work of 
 provincial and colonial musicians has received its proper share of atten- 
 tion. The greater masters, already noticed at length in other similar 
 publications, have been treated with brevity in order to afford space for 
 mention of many worthy., if obscure, workers in the cause of Art, hitherto 
 passed over by writers of biography. The very large number (probably 
 over 40,000) of persons engaged in the musical profession at the present 
 time will explain the apparent preponderance of notices devoted to living 
 musicians. This part of the work, however, is intended rather to be 
 representative than complete ; and from various causes, in many cases 
 only a bare outline could be accomplished. While some names may seem 
 to have but slight claim to inclusion, it is hoped that no artist of 
 eminence has been omitted. The book being written from an independent 
 standpoint, matters of opinion have been subordinated to the presentment 
 of facts ; and its usefulness as a work of reference has been one of the 
 main objects of the authors. Accuracy has been striven for as regards 
 dates of birth and death ; first performance of important works ; and 
 first appearances of artists, which have been carefully collated, where 
 possible, from contemporary notices. Many of these differ from dates 
 hitherto accepted. Still, faults and omissions may be detected, and any 
 information in correction thereof will be gladly received. The work Is 
 
issued by the authors themselves as a kind of experiment in publishing, 
 their object being a patriotic desire to record the achievements of British 
 workers in the field of musical art. 
 
 The authors are indebted to the following gentlemen for information 
 or aid rendered during the progress of the work : — Mr. Eeginald B. Moore, 
 Exeter; Mr. J. A. Browne, editor of the British Musician; Dr. James 
 C. Culwick, Dublin ; Mr. Spencer Curwen, London ; Mr. T. B. Dowling, 
 Cape Town, South Africa ; Mr. Emlyn Evans, Cemmes, Montgomery ; Mr. 
 John Glen, Edinburgh; Mr. W. J. Ions, King's Norton; Mr. E. P. 
 Jones, Brisbane, Australia ; Mr. J. A. Matthews, Cheltenham ; Mr. C. 
 F. South, Salisbury; Mr. C. J. B. Tirbutt, Beading; Mr. Herbert 
 Thompson, Leeds ; and Mr. F. H. Torrington, Toronto, Canada. Also to 
 those artists who responded to the applications made to them for personal 
 information. In addition to the catalogues of the British Museum and 
 other public libraries, general newspapers, and other sources of information, 
 the following works have been drawn upon for particular details : — Brown's 
 Biographical Dictionary of Musicians ; Grove's Dictionary of Music and 
 Musicians ; the works of Fetis and Mendel-Reissmann ; Dictionary of 
 National Biography ; Love's Scottish Church Music ; Baptie's Musicians 
 of All Times, and Musical Scotland ; Boll of the Union of Graduates in 
 Music ; Degrees in Music, Abdy Williams, etc. The chief authorities for 
 dates within their period have been the Musical. World, 1836-91 ; Dramatic 
 and Musical Revinv, 1842-51 ; Musical Times, from 1844 ; Mtisical Standard, 
 from 1862 ; besides the musical journals of more recent date. For many 
 particulars of less-known musicians, bandmasters, and teachers, much has 
 been gleaned from the Orchestral Times, British Musician, the Musical 
 Herald, and other papers. 
 
 Stephen S. Stratton, James D. Brown, 
 
 247, Monument Boad, Public Library, 
 
 Birmingham. Clerkenwell, London, E.C. 
 
ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 CM. . . . . Choirmaster. 
 
 F.C.O Fellow of the College of Organists. 
 
 G.S.M. .. Guildhall School of Music. 
 
 I.S.M. . . . . Incorporated Society of Musicians. 
 
 Mus. B. . . Bachelor of Music. 
 
 Mus. D. . . Doctor of Music. 
 
 R.A.M. . . Royal Academy of j\Iusic ; 
 
 A. — Associate ; F. — Fellow ; L. — Licentiate. 
 R.C.M. .. Royal College of Music. 
 
 A. — Associate of the same. 
 R.C.O... .. Royal College of Organists; 
 
 F. — Fellow of the same. 
 R.I. A.M. . . Royal Irish Academy of Music. 
 T.C.L Trinity College, London ; 
 
 L. — Licentiate of the same. 
 Pf. . . . . Pianoforte. 
 
 Ps. . . . . Psalm. 
 
 Dates or words within square brackets, thus — [1846] are approxima- 
 tions, or have been supplied from other sources to supplement undated 
 title-pages, etc. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 AAEON. 
 
 Aaron. Scottish ■writer, who was conse- 
 crated Abbot of St. Martin, Cologne, in 1042. 
 He wrote a work on chanting in pubhc wor- 
 ship, entitled, "De Utilitaie cantus vocalis et 
 de modo cantandi^^atque psallendi " He died 
 in 1052. 
 
 Abbott, Rev. Henry. Writer. Was 
 lecturer of the Church of St. John the Bap- 
 tist, Bristol. Author of " The use and benefit 
 of Church musick towards quick'niug our de- 
 votion. A sermon." Loudon, 1724. 
 
 Abbott, Thomas Moreton, violinist, 
 born at Bilston, Staffordshire, August 13, 
 1843. Studied under Henry Hayward, of 
 Wolverhampton. Resident for some years at 
 Walsall ; he ultimately settled in Birming- 
 ham. His repertory is large, and he is in 
 wide demand as a soloist. As orchestral 
 principal violin he has been associated with 
 Mr. Stockley's orchestral concerts since 1873, 
 first as colleague with Henry Hayward, and 
 then with F. Ward ; also, at the concerts of 
 the Birmingham Festival Choral Society, and 
 societies at Oxford, Wolverhampton, and 
 other festivals. He is an accomplished vio- 
 loncellist and pianist, but in these capacities 
 restricts himself to teaching. 
 
 Abell, John, alto singer and song col- 
 lector, born, probably, about 1660. In May, 
 1679, he became a gentleman extraordinary 
 of the Chapel Royal, and was shortly after- 
 wards sent to Italy by Charles II., to study 
 music and singing. He returned to England 
 in 1681-2, and re-entered the Chapel Royal, 
 where he remained till 1688. He was made 
 a Bachelor of Music at Cambridge, in 1684. 
 In 1688 he was dismissed on account of his 
 being a Roman Catholic, and he went to 
 Holland and Germany, where he became 
 known as a lute-player and singer. He sang 
 also in Poland, and it is related of him that 
 on refusing to sing before the King at War- 
 saw, he was seized and suspended in a chair 
 over a bear-pit, when the threat of being 
 lowered into its midst compelled a display of 
 his vocal powers. In 1698-9 he was Intendant 
 at Cassel, and in 1700 he returned to England. 
 He afterwards resided at Cambridge, and is 
 supposed to have died there about 1724. 
 
 Works. — Collection of songs in several lan- 
 guages, London, 1701. Collection of songs 
 in English, London, 1701 (contains To all 
 
 ABRAMS. 
 
 lovers of musick, a poem by Abell). Song on 
 Queen Ann's coronation [1702]. Collection of 
 . . . Scotch songs, etc. [1740], containing 
 songs by Abell. Two songs in " Pills to purge 
 melancholy" [1719]. 
 
 Abingdon, Willoughby Bertie, Earl 
 of, amateur composer and flute-player, was 
 born on January 16, 1740, and died Septem- 
 ber 26, 1799. He established concerts in 
 London, and composed " Representation of 
 the execution of Queen Mary of Scots, in 
 seven views, the music comjjosed and adapted 
 to each view by the Earl of Abingdon," 
 " Twelve sentimental catches and glees for 
 three voices ; " Duets, songs, flute music, etc. 
 
 Abram, John, organist and composer, 
 born at Margate, August 7, 1840 ; graduated 
 ]\Ius. Bac, Oxon., 1868; Mus. Doc, Oxon., 
 1874 ; Fellow of the Royal College of Organ- 
 ists. Has held appointments as organist at 
 St. John's, Torquay, ]864; St. Peter and 
 Paul, Wantage, 1865; St. Paul's, St. Leo- 
 nards-on-Sea, 1869 ; and is at present or- 
 ganist of All Saints', Hastings. Conductor 
 of St. Leonards and Hastings Choral Union, 
 a society that, under his direction, has done 
 much for the cause of music in the locality. 
 He is also director of the Hastings Pier Sum- 
 mer concerts. 
 
 His compositions include an oratorio, The 
 Widow of Nain ; cantatas, Jerusalem, and a 
 Military Ballade, 1892; anthems, services; 
 Festival March for organ and voices, to the 
 hymn Onward Christian Soldiers ; pianoforte 
 pieces, etc. 
 
 Abrams, Harriet, soprano vocalist and 
 composer, was born in 1760. She studied 
 under Dr. T. A. Arne, and made her first ap- 
 pearance at Drury Lane in his " May Day," 
 in 1775. In 1776 she appeared with her 
 sister Theodosia at the Concert of Ancient 
 Music, and in 1784 she sang at the great 
 Handel Commemoration. She afterwards 
 sang at the principal London concerts during 
 her time. She died about 1825. 
 
 Works.— Eight Italian and English Can- 
 zonets for one and two voices. Loudon, 1785. 
 Second sett of . . Canzonets . . [1805]. 
 Collection of Scotch Airs harmonized for three 
 voices [1790]. Collection of twelve Songs, 
 Loudon, 1803. Songs — Crazj' Jane; The 
 Felon [1800] ; Female hardship ; Friend of 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 ABYNGDON. 
 
 my heart ; Orphan's Prayer ; Smile and a tear ; 
 Tom HaUiard ; William and Mary. Also, 
 Little Boy blue, glee ; All nature mourns, 
 duet [1805]; And must we part? duet [1810] . 
 
 Her sisters, Eliza and Theodosia (1766 — 
 1884, afterwards ]\Irs. Garrow) were also 
 vocalists of some reputation, the latter pos- 
 sessing a fine mezzo-soprano voice. 
 
 Abyngdon, Henry (also Habyngton and 
 Abyngton), composer, of the 15th century. 
 He was succentor of Wells Cathedral in 1447- 
 97; Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1463; Master of 
 song in the Chajiel Royal, London, 14G5 ; 
 Master of St. Catherine's Hospital, Bristol, 
 1478. He was celebrated as an organist and 
 singer. Died September 1, 1497. 
 
 Ackroyd, Thomas, musician, compiler 
 of " An original set of 51 Psalm and llymu 
 tunes, for four voices, with organ or piano- 
 forte accompaniment." Halifax, 1848. 
 
 Acland, Arthur H. D., See Troyte, 
 Arthur H. D. 
 
 Acland, T. Q., author of " Chanting sim- 
 plified." London, 1843. 
 
 Acton, John, composer and teacher of 
 singing, born 18G3. Studied music privately, 
 Manchester ; later, singing under Francesco 
 Lamperti, of Milan. F.C.O. 1882; qualified 
 for Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1893. Held various 
 organ appointments 1882-93 ; now devoted en- 
 tirely to teaching singing and directing choral 
 societies. Professor of singing at the Man- 
 chester R.C.M. since its opening, 1893; con- 
 ductor of the St. Cecilia Choral Society, Man- 
 chester, 1894. He has composed two cantatas 
 for ladies' voices: Forest bells, [1888]; The rose 
 and the nightingale [1893]. Was awarded the 
 prize offered by the South London Musical 
 Club, 1888, for Chorus, men's voices, with pf. 
 obbligato. For home and liberty. Other works 
 are ducts for ladies' voices: six duets ; Songs 
 on the river (six) ; The fairies (six) ; and Songs 
 of wood and fairyland (six). He has also 
 written pieces for pf. &c. 
 
 Adam, Alexander, printer, established in 
 Glasgow at the end of last century. He pub- 
 lished "The Psalms of David in metre, newly 
 translated . . . allowed by the authority of the 
 general assembly of the Kirk of Scotland and 
 appointed to be sung in congregations and fami- 
 lies, with twenty-three select psalm-tunes par- 
 ticularly adapted to the subject of the psalms 
 to which they are set." Glasgow, 1773. "The 
 Musical Repository, a collection of favourite 
 Scotch, English, and Irish songs set to music." 
 Glasgow, 1799, also Edinburgh, 1802, etc. 
 
 Adams, Abraham, organist and com- 
 poser, who flourished at the end of the 17th 
 and beginning of the 18th centuries. He was 
 organist of the parish church of St. Mary-le- 
 bone, London, in 1710, and compiled " The 
 Psalmist's New Comjianion," London, n.d., of 
 which a 6th edition appeared about 1720. 
 
 ADCOCK. 
 
 Adams, James B., musician, who flour- 
 ished in the latter part of the 18th and begin- 
 ning of the present century. He published a 
 large number of songs and pianoforte pieces, 
 among which may be named the following : — 
 The Paphian Doves [1783], a musical play. 
 Three sonatas for the pf. or harpsichord and 
 flute and violin op. 4 [1790]. A collection of 
 songs, etc., London [1770]. Select songs set 
 to music [1803]. Songs: Bacchanalian ; Come 
 gentle god of soft repose ; Daphne ; Invocation ; 
 Myrtilla; Power of music; The request; etc. 
 
 Adams, John S., writer, author of "Five 
 thousand musical terms." London, 1861. 
 
 Adams, Stephen, see Maybrick, Mi- 
 chael). 
 
 Adams, Thomas, organist and composer, 
 was born at [London?], on Septembers, 1785. 
 He studied under Dr. T. Busby, and became 
 organist of Carlisle Chapel, Lambeth, 1802-14. 
 Organist of St. Paul, Deptford, 1814 ; of St. 
 George, Camberwell, 1824; and of St, Dun- 
 stan's, 1833. He died in London on Septem- 
 ber 5, 1858. 
 
 Works. — A grand march and quick step, 
 composed for the regiment of loyal London 
 volunteers [1808]. Six fugues for organ or 
 pianoforte [1820]. Six voluntaries for the or- 
 gan [1820]. Grand organ piece [1824]. Three 
 voluntaries for the organ [1824]. Six organ 
 pieces [1825]. Three organ pieces [1835]. 
 Fantasias, interludes, and transcriptions for 
 organ and pianoforte. Anthems and hymns. 
 
 An organist of much celebrity in his day, 
 who was a very remarkable extempore player. 
 
 Adams, Thomas Julian, composer and 
 conductor, was born at London, January 28, 
 1824. He studied under Moscheles and at 
 Paris, and settled in England as a teacher and 
 conductor. In 1851 he formed an orchestra 
 and visited Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Greenock, 
 giving a series of weekly concerts. In 1853 
 he performed at Paris, and in 1855 organised 
 another orchestra, with which he travelled in 
 England, giving concerts of high-class music. 
 He afterwards resided at Scarborough, Tyne- 
 mouth, and Buxton as concert-conductor. In 
 1877 he settled at Eastbourne as conductor 
 of the Devonshire Park concerts. He died 
 at Eastbourne, May 7, 1887. 
 
 He introduced Debaiu's harmonium into 
 England, and wrote for it a work entitled 
 Method for the patent harmonium (1855). 
 He also composed fantasias, studies, marches, 
 and concert-pieces for the orchestra. 
 
 Adcock, James, composer, born at Eton, 
 June 29, 1778. He was a chorister in St. 
 George's Chapel, Windsor, 1786, and a lay- 
 clerk in 1797. Member of Trinity, St. John's, 
 and King's Colleges, Cambridge. School- 
 master to the choristers of King's College, 
 Cambridge. He died at Cambridge April 30, 
 1860. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ADCOCK. 
 
 Works. — Evening sevice in B flat. An- 
 thems. Three glees for three and four voices, 
 dedicated to Sir Patrick Blake (1815). Hark 
 how the hees, glee for four voices. Welcome 
 mirth and festive song, glee for three voices. 
 Sungs — Lucy, Queen of pleasure's languid 
 smile, etc. Rudiments of music, n.d. 
 
 Adcock, John, author of " The singers' 
 guide to pronunciation, with an appendix con- 
 sisting of a pronouncing dictionary of musical 
 terms, etc., " Nottingham, [1873]. Mr. Adcock 
 is choirmaster of Castle Gate Chapel, and con- 
 ductor of the Sacred Harmonic Society, Not- 
 tingham. 
 
 Addington, Rev. Stephen, Independent 
 clergyman and musician, born at Northampton 
 JuneOtli, 1729. He was successively minister 
 at Spalding, IMarket Harborough, and Miles' 
 Lane Meeting House, Cannon Street, London, 
 1781. He died at London, February 6th, 1796. 
 Compiler of •' A collection of Psalm-tunes for 
 publick worship," 1780; 6th ed., 1786; supple- 
 ment, 1800. "A collection of approved an- 
 thems sellected from the most eminent mas- 
 ters" [1795]. 
 
 Addison, John, composer and double-bass 
 player, was born at London in 1765. He 
 played the 'cello at Vauxhall Gardens, and 
 was double-bass player at the Italian Opera, 
 the Concerts of Ancient Music, and the Vocal 
 Concerts. He married Miss Willems, the voca- 
 list, in 1793. In the latter part of his career 
 he embarked in commercial speculations and 
 was greatly reduced in circumstances. He 
 died at London, January 30, 1844. 
 
 Works.— The sleeping beauty, 1805. The 
 Russian imposter, 1809. My aunt, 1813. 
 Two words, 1816. Free and easy, 1816. My 
 uncle, 1817. Bobinet, the bandit, 1818 : 
 Musical Dramas. Elijah, a sacred drama. 
 Songs — Songs of Almacks (with Bishop and 
 Bayley), 1831 ; Allen-a-dale ; Clay cold dwel- 
 ling; Cupid's frolic; Zephyr's reply ; and many 
 others. Singing practically treated in a series 
 of instructions, London [1836]. 
 
 Addison was a successful teacher of singing 
 and numbered Alex. Lee and Pearman among 
 his pupils. His wife. Miss Willems, who was 
 a niece of Reinhold the vocalist, was a singer, 
 and made her first appearance in 1796, in 
 "Love in a village." She sang at Vauxhall, 
 Covent Garden, and other concerts in London, 
 and appeared also at Liverpool, Dublin, etc. 
 
 Addison, Robert Brydges, composer, 
 born at Dorchester, Oxford. Studied at R. A.M. 
 under G. A. Macfarren, to whom he was sub- 
 professor for four years. A.R.A.M., 1882, and 
 professor of harmony and composition. Pro- 
 fessor, Trinity College, London, 1892. While 
 at the R.A.M. he composed some works notice- 
 able for high aim and finish, the chief being 
 a symphony in G minor (two movements from 
 which were performed at R.A.M. concert, De- 
 
 AGUILAR, 
 
 cember 15, 1881) ; concert allegro in G, orch- 
 estra. Sonata in A minor, pf. ; andante and 
 variations, pf. ; cantata, "A vision," for con- 
 tralto solo, chorus, orchestra, and organ 
 (R.A.M., .June 1880); Ps. 126, four voices; 
 Motet, Save me, God ; two albums for chil- 
 dren — " Please sing me a song," and "Chil- 
 dren's voices." But he is more widely known 
 by his songs, tasteful and fresh in feeling, 
 Wandering wishes ; Two doves ; Do I love 
 thee? rushing wind; and others, also a trio 
 for female voices, " Quiet hours." 
 
 Adiington, William, pianist, teacher, and 
 publisher, born at Southwell, Notts., in 1838. 
 He was educated at the R.A.M., of which he 
 became an Associate in 1865, and a Fellow in 
 1882. In 1864 he settled in Edinburgh, and 
 held various important teaching appointments. 
 Afterwards he resided at Aberdeen, where he 
 was conductor of the University Orchestral 
 Society. He is now engaged in musicselling 
 and publishing. Author of "Elementary 
 principles of music and elements of harmony 
 adapted for those studying the pianoforte." 
 Edinburgh, 1881. 
 
 Adye, Willett, amateur musician, author 
 of " Musical notes," London, 1869, a work on 
 violinists. 
 
 Agabeg, Mrs., sec Wynne, Sarah Edith. 
 
 Aguilar, Emanuel A., composer 
 and pianist, born in Clapham, London, 
 August 23, 1824. Son of E. Aguilar, a West 
 Indian of Spanish extraction, and brother of 
 Miss Grace Aguilar, the novelist. Resident 
 in London as teacher and concert-giver. Has 
 also given concerts in Germany, where some 
 of his most important works have been pro- 
 duced. His pianoforte recitals have been, for 
 many years, a regular feature of the London 
 musical season. Played at the Gewandhaus 
 concerts, Leipzig, March 30th, 1848. 
 
 Works. — Psalm I., voices and orchestra, 
 1861 (MS). O^Jcras— Wave king, 1855 (MS); 
 The bridal wreath, 1863. Cantatas, The bridal 
 of Triermain, Bedford, 1880 ; Summer night, 
 1875, Goblin market, 1880, both for treble 
 voices. Songs — The stars are brightly beam- 
 ing. The appeal, etc. Symplionies — 'No. 1, in 
 C, 1844 (MS.), Frankfort on Main ; No. 2, in 
 E minor, 1844, Frankfort, 1851, London ; iSTo. 
 8, in D minor, 1854, London. Overtures — 
 Alpheus, 1853, London ; St. George, 1875, 
 London ; also at Kissingen and elsewhere on 
 the continent. Pianoforte ivorks — Allegro 
 maestoso, pf. and orchestra, 1852, London ; 
 Septet, pf. , wind, and strings, 1888; Sextet, 
 pf. and wind, 1860 ; Quartet, pf. and strings, 
 1888 ; Quartets in A and D minor, strings, 
 1884-5. These have been performed at con- 
 certs of the Musical Artists' Society, the 
 septet excepted. Trios, pf. and strings, in G 
 minor, 1853 ; E major, 1856 ; A minor, 1889, 
 performed at various concerts. Fantasia for 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 AGUTTER. 
 
 organ, two pianos, and violin, 1880 ; Duo 
 concertante, in C, two pianos, 1878 ; Sonata, 
 pf. duet, 1885 ; Six sonatas, many smaller 
 pieces, and a little book. How to learn the 
 pianoforte, 1883. 
 
 Agutter, Benjamin, organist and com- 
 poser, born at St. Albans, April 2, 1844. 
 Studied singing under Manuel Garcia ; organ 
 and composition with E. J. Hopkins ; and 
 harmony and counterpoint with Dr. Wylde. 
 Graduated Mus. B., Oxon., 1870; Mus. D., 
 Cantuar, 1891; P.R.C.O., etc. Since 1867, 
 precentor, organist, and choirmaster, St. 
 Peter's, Streatham. He has composed a 
 Missa de Sancbo Albans ; Missa de Sancto 
 Petro ; and six other services for Holy Com- 
 munion ; sequence, To the Paschal victim 
 (scored for orchestra) ; anthems ; morning 
 and evening services in D and A flat ; hymns, 
 carols, &c., &c. 
 
 Ainley, William Clark, organist and 
 composer, born at Kirkheaton, Yorkshire, 
 July 13, 1834, Was a chorister at the Parish 
 Church when ten years old ; pursued his 
 musical studies privately. A.R.C.O., Mus. B., 
 Cambridge, 1885. Has been organist and 
 choirmaster successively at Kirkburton Parish 
 Church, 1856; Kirkheaton, 1863; Mold Green 
 Parish Church, 1865 ; and Mirfield Parish 
 Church, 1874 to present time. Conductor of 
 the Mirfield Choral Society. His composi- 
 tions are : — Ps. 46, for soli, chorus, and organ 
 [1885] ; cantata. The great day of the Lord, 
 produced Mirfield, 1891. Anthems — give 
 thanks ; Behold, O God our defender (written 
 for the Queen's jubilee, 1887) ; and others. 
 Te Deum, communion service in G, evening 
 service in E, introits, organ pieces, &c. 
 
 Aird, James, music publisher of the last 
 half of the 18th century, was established in 
 business in Glasgow, where he died in Sep- 
 tember, 1795. He issued among other works 
 " A selection of Scots, English, Irish, and 
 foreign airs adapted for the fife, violin, and 
 German fiute," Glasgow, 1784, etc.. 6 vols. 
 He was succeeded in business by J. McFad- 
 yen, who published new editions or continua- 
 tions of Aird's publicatious. 
 
 Airy, Sir George Biddell, astronomer, 
 born at Alnwick, June 21, 1801. He was 
 educated at Cambridge, etc., and in 1835 was 
 appointed astronomer-royal. He died on 
 January 1, 1892. Author of "On sound and 
 atmospheric vibrations, with the mathemati- 
 cal elements of music," London, 1868 ; also 
 many works on astronomical and mathemati- 
 cal subjects. 
 
 Akeroyd, Arthur Thomas, Organist 
 and composer, born at Bradford, March 10th, 
 1862. Articled pupil of F. C. Atkinson, 
 A.R CM. Organist and choirmaster, St. 
 Paul's Bradford ; music master. Girls' Gram- 
 mar School, Bradford ; and conductor of the 
 
 ALBERT. 
 
 Ilkley Vocal Society. Hon. Sec. Yorkshire 
 Section of the Incorporated Society of INIusi- 
 cians. He has composed an opera, " The 
 Professor " (book by G. W. Harwin, produced 
 Theatre Royal, Bradford, 1891) ; an operetta, 
 " The Doctor's Dilemma " (Technical Col- 
 lege, 1893) ; an anthem for Christmas ; songs 
 and part-songs ; minuet and trio for organ, and 
 pieces for pf. 
 
 Akeroyde, Samnel, composer, born in 
 Yorkshire at end of 17th century. He com- 
 posed many songs in the "Theater of IMusick," 
 1685-87 ; " Banquet of musick," 1688 ; and 
 in other collections of the same period. 
 Among his single songs may be mentioned, 
 Give me kind Heaven [1700] ; Thursday in 
 the morn [1730] ; Rays of dear Clarinda's 
 eyes [1700] ; etc. He died early in the 18th 
 century. 
 Alaw, Ddu. See Rees, William Thomas. 
 Alawydd. See Roberts, David. 
 Albani. See La Jeunesse. 
 Albert, Prince Francis C. A. A. E. 
 (Prince Consort), amateur musician, born Ros- 
 enau, Coburg, August 26, 1819. Married Queen 
 Victoria, February, 1840. Died Windsor, Dec- 
 ember 14, 1861. 
 
 He composed a number of anthems, services, 
 songs, psalm-tunes, etc., most of which have 
 been collected in "Songs and ballads written 
 and set to music by their Royal Highnesses, 
 Albert and Ernest, Princes of Saxe-Coburgand 
 Gotha." Editedby E.J. Loder, London, 1840; 
 and " Vocal compositions of H.R.H. the Prince 
 Consort." London, 1862. In 1849 and 1855 
 his piece, entitled L'Invocazione all' Armonia 
 was produced at the Birmingham Festival. 
 Most of the members of his family are mu- 
 sical. 
 
 Albert, Eugene Frangois Charles d', 
 pianist and composer (son of Charles Louis 
 Napoleon d' Albert, famous dance-music com- 
 poser, who died in 1886), born at Glasgow, 
 April 10, 1864. His mother, nee Annie Rowell, 
 of Newcastle-on Tyne, was his first music 
 teacher. After a few pf. lessons from the late 
 G. A. Osborne, d' Albert gained the Newcastle 
 scholarship at the National Training School 
 of Music, in 1876, and later on was elected to 
 the Queen's Scholarship, which he held until 
 1881. His teachers were Arthur Sullivan, John 
 Stainer, E. Prout, and E. Pauer. In 1881, he 
 was nominated to the Mendelssohn Scholar- 
 ship, which he only held for one year, failing 
 to comply with the regulations. While still 
 a student he made his debut at the Monday 
 Popular Concerts, November 22, 1880, playing 
 Schumann's Etudes Symphoniques ; and at 
 the Crystal Palace, February 5, 1881, taking 
 the solo part in Schumann's pf. concerto in 
 A minor. In October, 1881, he appeared at a 
 Richter Concert as a conaposer, with his own 
 Concerto in A. As a pianist he gained a high 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ALBERTAZZI. 
 
 reputation. Hans Ricbter then took him to 
 Vienna, but he played again in London in the 
 spring of 1882. He now became a pupil of 
 Liszt, and was appointed Court pianist to the 
 Grand Duke of Weimar. During the next 
 four years he made artistic tours through Ger 
 many; visited Russia, Italy, Spain; and twice 
 undertook concert tours in America. He held 
 various appointments, the last being that of 
 Kapellmeister at Weimar,- 1895, which he did 
 not hold long. He reappeared in London, 
 April 28, 1896, at one of the Mottl concerts ; 
 began a series of Recitals, May 1 ; and played 
 Liszt's concerto in E flat at the Philharmonic 
 concert, May 6, being most enthusiastically 
 received. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Ghismonda (Dresden, 
 1895) ; Der Rubin (composed 1892) ; A work 
 for chorus and orchestra, founded on Otto 
 Ludwig's Man and Life (1893) ; songs, etc. 
 Symphony in P (1885) ; Concerto in B minor, 
 op. 2 (1884) ; in E, op. 12 (Berlin, Jan. 1893), 
 for pf. and orchestra. Overtures : Hyperion 
 (Berlin, 1885) ; Dramatic overture in A, op. 9 
 (Cologne, 1887) ; Esther (Vienna, 1888) ; String 
 quartets, in A minor, op. 8 ; in E flat, op. 11 ; 
 Suite for pf., op. 1 ; Sonata, F sharp minor, 
 op. 10, &c. 
 
 Albertazzi, Emma (born Howson), con- 
 tralto vocalist, born in London, May 1, 1813 
 fl814]. She was a daughter of Francis How- 
 son, musician of London. In 1827 she studied 
 under Costa, and in November, 1829 she was 
 married to Signor Albertazzi. She first ap- 
 peared in the Argyle Rooms, London, in 1829, 
 and in 1830 she sang at the King's Theatre. 
 In 1832 she appeared at Milan, and afterwards 
 at Madrid and Paris. She reappeared at Lon- 
 don in La Cenerentola, April, 1837, and in 1838 
 sang at Drury Lane in La Gazza Lach-a. 
 She frequently appeared as a concert vocalist, 
 and died in London, September 27, 1847. 
 
 Alcock or Allcock, John, composer and 
 organist, born at Loudon, April 11, 1715. He 
 was a chorister in St. Paul's Cathedral under 
 Charles King, and afterwards stuaied under 
 John Stanley, the blind organist. He held 
 successively the appointment of organist at All 
 Hallows Church, London, 1735; St. Andrew's, 
 Plymouth, 1737 ; St. Lawrence's Reading, 
 1742-49 ; and Lichfield Cathedral, 1749-60, 
 where he was also vicar-choral and master of 
 the choristers. In 1755 he graduated as Mus. 
 Bac. Oxford, and in 1761 or 1765 proceeded to 
 Mus. Doc. Oxford. He held the appointment 
 of organist at Sutton Coldfield parish church, 
 1761-86 ; and at Tamworth parish church, 
 1766-90. He gained a jjrize medal of the Catch 
 Club in 1770. He retained the post of lay- 
 vicar at Lichfield till his death at Lichfield 
 on February 23, 1806. 
 
 Works. — Morning and Evening Service in 
 E minor, 1753; Six-and-twenty select anthems 
 
 ALDRICH. 
 
 in score ... to which are added a burial ser- 
 vice for 4 voices and part of the last verse of 
 the 150th Psalm for 8 voices and instruments, 
 London, 21 parts, 1771. Miserere, or the 51st 
 Psalm in Latin for 4 voices, 1771. Fifty se- 
 lect portions collected from the singing Psalms, 
 Reading, 1748. The Pious Soul's heavenly 
 exercise, or divine harmony; being a choice 
 collection of those excellent psalm tunes which 
 are used in the parish churches in London, 
 etc., Lichfield, n.d. Harmony of Sion, or a 
 collection of all the capital psalm tunes that 
 are used in London, Derby, n d. Divine Har- 
 mony, or a collection of 55 double and single 
 chants for 4 voices, as they are sung at the 
 cathedral of Lichfield, 1752. Parochial Har- 
 mony, 1777. Harmony of Jerusalem, being a 
 collection of 106 psalms and hymns in score, 
 1801. Harmonia Festi, or a collection of 
 canons, cheerful and serious glees, and catches 
 for 4 and 5 voices, Lichfield, 1791. Hail, ever- 
 pleasing solitude ! (prize glee), 1770. Twelve 
 English songs, 1740. Eight easy voluntaries 
 for the organ, 1760. Six suites of easy lessons 
 for the harpsichord or spin net, with a trumpet 
 piece, Reading, 1742. Six easy solos for the 
 German flute or violin, 1750. Life of Miss 
 Fanny Brown (a novel). 
 
 Alcock, John, son of the above, was born 
 probably at Plymouth about 1740, and studied 
 under his father. He became organist of St. 
 Mary Magdalene, Newark-on-Trent, in 1758, 
 and remained there till 1768. In 1773, he 
 became organist of the Parish Church, Wal- 
 sall, and died there, March 30, 1791. In 1766 
 he graduated as Mus. Bac. at Oxford. He 
 composed some anthems, songs, and harpsi- 
 chord music, among which are — A cantata 
 and six songs [1770] ; Venus and Bacchus, a 
 two-part song ; Let me sink to regions of 
 shade (song) ; Three sonatas for two violins 
 and violoncello ; The chace (pianoforte piece). 
 
 Alcock, William Bennis, organist. 
 Studied under f:ir R. P. Stewart. Graduated 
 Mus. B., Oxford, 1879. Was appointed the 
 first organist of Christ Church, Morningside, 
 Edinburgh, in 1876, where he worked up the 
 musical service to a high pitch of excellence. 
 He was a most skilful organist. In 189! he 
 resigned his post at Christ Church, and was 
 appointed music master in Speir's School, 
 Beith, Ayrshire, where he taught with much 
 success. He died, of congestion of the lungs, 
 October, 1892. Madrigals and glees, he made 
 a study of, and lectured upon the subject in 
 Morningside Athenseum. 
 
 Aldrich, Henry, divine and composer, 
 born at Westminster in 1647. He was edu- 
 cated at Westminster School, and at Christ 
 Church, Oxford, from 1662. He became B.A., 
 1666 ; M.A., 1669 ; Canon of Christ Church, 
 1681; D.D., 1682; and Dean of Christ 
 Church, 1689, all of Oxford. He died at 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 ALEXANDER. 
 
 Oxford, December 14, 1710, and left his 
 musical library to Christ Church. 
 
 Works. — Services in G and A. Anthems — 
 I am well pleased ; Not unto us, Lord ; 
 Out of the deep ; give thanks ; O praise the 
 Lord ; Thy beauty, Israel ; We have heard 
 with our ears. Olees — Hark, the bonny 
 Christ Church bells, for three voices ; A 
 catch on tobacco, etc. Works on logic, etc. 
 
 Another musician of this name, viz., Bed- 
 FOKD Aldrich, composed and published a 
 number of songs in the first half of the 18th 
 century. 
 
 Alexander, Alfred, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Rochester, Kent, May 6, 1844. 
 Chorister at the Cathedral, pupil of, and, 
 later, assistant to, John Hopkins, the Catlie- 
 dral organist. Took the Toronto degree of 
 Mus. B. in 1889. When seventeen, succeeded 
 J. P. Bridge as organist of Shorne Church, 
 near Rochester ; then appointed to Strood 
 Parish Church, and afterwards offered the 
 post of organist to the Earl of Mar and 
 Kelhe. When Dr. Colborne left St. Michael's 
 College, Tenbury, Sir Frederick Ouseley in- 
 vited Mr. Alexander to fill the vacancy. He 
 afterwards went to Wigan Parish Church ; 
 then (1891-2) to Nice, as organist of the 
 American Church ; and is now at St. An- 
 drew's, Southj)ort. Has given organ recitals, 
 and conducted concerts of the Wigan Choral 
 Society. His compositions include a cantata; 
 Ps. 126, for soprano solo, chorus of women's 
 voices, and orchestra ; services, anthems, 
 songs, part-songs, etc. Triumphal march, 
 orchestra ; Sonata in B flat, for string quartet ; 
 Romances, violin ; Sonata in D minor, for 
 organ (published in Novello's original organ 
 compositions, 1892). 
 
 Alexander, James, writer and performer, 
 published various works, of which the follow- 
 ing are the most important: — Alexander's 
 Book of instructions for the accordion, Lon- 
 don, 2 pts. [1845], Compleie instructions for 
 the harmonicon, etc., Loudon [18G5] . Various 
 arrangements, waltzes, etc., for accordion and 
 pianoforte. 
 
 Alford, John, lutenist of the 16th cen- 
 tury, published a translation of Adrian Le 
 Roy's book on the Lute as "A Briefe and 
 Easye Introduction to learne the tablature, 
 to conduct and dispose the hands unto the 
 Lute." London, 1568. 
 
 Alford, Marmaduke, vocalist and com- 
 poser, was born in Somersetshire in 1647. He 
 was a yeoman and sergeant of the vestry of 
 the Chapel lloyal, and died in May, 1715. 
 
 Allan, Archibald, violinist and composer 
 of dance music, was born at Forfar about 
 1790. He was a member of Nathanial Gow's 
 band, and played at balls and other gather- 
 ings in Scoiland. He died at Forfar 1831. He 
 composed strathspeys and other Scots dance 
 
 ALLCHIN. 
 
 tunes. His brother, Thomas R. Allan (born 
 Forfar, 1807, died Dysart, Fife, 1851), was also 
 a violinist and composer of dance music ; and 
 James Allan, cousin of the above (born Forfar, 
 October 17, 1800; died there August 18, 1877), 
 was another member of the same family of 
 violinists which at one time was well-known 
 all over the centre and south of Scotland. 
 
 Allan, David Skea, tonic sol-fa teacher, 
 born at Calfsound, Island of Eday, Orkneys, 
 March 14, 1840. Son of a crofter-fisherman, lais 
 humble home was brightened by music ; and 
 the boy worked hard at his musical studies, 
 overcoming difficulties of no ordinary nature. 
 In 1864 he settled in Glasgow, where he has 
 ever since remained. After holding several 
 appointments as Precentor, he was asked, in 
 1877, to take the practical classes at Ander- 
 son's College. These were transferred to the 
 Christian Institute in 1881, and under the 
 auspices of the Sunday School Union, con- 
 tinue to be popular and successful. He is also 
 conductor of St. Andrew's Choir, and has 
 charge of the music in many of the Glasgow 
 board schools. He is a Fellow of the Educa- 
 tional Institute of Scotland, and is favour- 
 ably known as a writer of delicate, tasteful 
 verse. His publications consist of books of 
 school songs ; part-songs, the Gloaming, &c. 
 
 Allan, James, the "celebrated Northum- 
 berland piper," was born at Rothbury, March 
 1734, and died in Durham jail on November 
 13, 1810. He was well-known all over the 
 borders as a strolling vagrant, and his bio- 
 graphy by James Thompson was issued as the 
 "Life of James Allan, the celebrated North- 
 umberland Piper, detailing his surprising ad- 
 ventures, etc." Newcastle, 1817. This has 
 been frequently reprinted as a chap-book. 
 
 Allan, James, baritone singer and con- 
 ductor, was born near Falkirk, July 27, 1842. 
 He became a lithographer in Glasgow and 
 was succes.'iively precentor in Sydney Place 
 U.P. Church and Kelvinside Free Church in 
 that city. He held the position of conductor 
 of the Glasgow Select Choir from 1880 to 
 1885, during which time it gave successful 
 concerts in Scotland and England. He died 
 at Glasgow, August 10, 1885. He composed 
 various hymn tunes, of which " Vevay " was 
 printed in the Free Church Hymnal, and ar- 
 ranged various songs and airs for choir and 
 school use. 
 
 Allchin, William Thomas Howell, or- 
 ganist and composer, born 1843. He became 
 Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1869, and conductor of the 
 Oxford Choral Soc. in the same year. Organist 
 of St. John's College, Oxford, 1875, and local 
 examiner for R.A.M. in 1881. He died at Ox- 
 ford, January 8, 1883. 
 
 Works — The Rebellion of Korah, sacred can- 
 tata, composed and produced for the degree of 
 Mus. Bac, June 1869 (ms.). Songs — Christ- 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 ALLEN. 
 
 mas greeting, The forsaken, Lament for the 
 Summer, but to see her face again, Prythee 
 why so pale. Rainy day. Sea song, A shadow, 
 Song for November, The wrecked hope, etc. 
 
 Allen, Alfred Benjamin, pianist and 
 composer, born at Kingsland, London, Sep- 
 tember 4, 1850. Began the study of the 
 pianoforte at the age of five, afterwards be- 
 coming a student at the Loudon Academy of 
 Music. Settled in London as performer and 
 teacher. His compositions include a cantata 
 and a number of orchestral pieces still in 
 MS. Among his published works are the 
 songs. Lead, kindly light ; She sang to her 
 harp ; Sweet birdie, mine, and many others. 
 Pianoforte inusic — Minuet in C ; Gavotte in 
 D ; Egyptian Court Dance, etc. Also pieces 
 for the organ. 
 
 Allen, Edward Heron=, author, born St. 
 John's Wood, London, December 17, 1861. 
 Educated at Elstree and Harrow. In 1878 
 he began the formation of his library of works 
 on the violin. In 1879-1881 he studied violin 
 making under Chanot. Admitted a solicitor 
 1884. Special commissioner lo Italy on be- 
 half of Historic Loan Department of Music 
 and Inventions Exhibition, 1885, for which 
 service he was awarded a silver medal. Lec- 
 tured in United States, 1886-89. Married to 
 Marianna, daughter of Rudolph Lehmann, the 
 artist. Elected " Socio onorario e benemerito " 
 of the Accademia of Sta. Cecilia of Rome, for 
 Bibliography of the Violin. 
 
 Works. — De Fidiculis Bibliographia : being 
 the basis of a bibliography of the violin and 
 all other instruments plaj'ed with a bow. 
 Lond. 1890-93, 12 parts. Violin-making as 
 it was and is. Lond. 1884. Manual of Cheir- 
 osophy. Lond. 1885. Poems, tales, transla- 
 tions, etc. 
 
 Allen, George Benjamin, composer and 
 vocalist, born m London, April 21, 1822. 
 Chorister, St. Martin-in-the-fields, 1830 ; the 
 same in Westminster Abbey, 1832. Estab- 
 lished the " Abbey Glee Club," in 1841, and 
 two years later was appointed to the choir of 
 Armagh Cathedral as a bass. Conductor of 
 Classical Harmonists' Society, Belfast, and 
 originated and executed the scheme for build- 
 ing the Ulster Hall, Belfast. Graduated as 
 Mus. Bac, Oxon., in 1852. Left Armagh, and 
 became organist at All Saints', Kensington, 
 and later went to Australia, where he was 
 organist at Toorak, IMelbourne, and conductor 
 of Lyster's Opera Company. Returning to 
 England, he established a Comedy Ojiera 
 Company, and produced the Gilbert and Sul- 
 livan operas, "The Sorcerer," " H.INI.S. Pina- 
 fore," and " The Pirates of Penzance." He 
 had previously made successful toirs with 
 his pupil. Miss AUce May (died U.S.A., 18b7), 
 in Australia, New Zealand, and India, his 
 opera company being admirably organised 
 
 ALLISON. 
 
 Since 1890 he has been settled in Brisbane, 
 New S. Wales 
 
 WoEKS. — O^Jc?-as - Castle Grim, two acts, 
 London, 1865. The Viking, five acts. The 
 Wicklow rose, Manchester, 1882. Fayette 
 (J. Brunton Stephens), not yet (1895) pro- 
 duced; and others in MS. C'a?itotos— Harvest 
 home, 1863; The Vintage of the Rhine, 1865; 
 Ministering (female voices,) 1884. Te Deums 
 in D and F. Introits and Anthems — A book 
 of fifteen anthems, 1853, and eight others. 
 Concerted vocal music — Six four-part songs 
 [1861] ; Morning; May; and others. Sonr/s — 
 A Shadow ; The arrow and the song ; and set- 
 tings of many of Longfellow's lyrics, the total 
 amounting to about 300. Pianoforte and organ 
 music. The Scales in music and colours — 
 their analogy ; from the Musical World. New 
 pianoforte school. London [1884]. 
 
 Allen, Henry Robinson, tenor vocalist 
 and composer, born at Cork in 1809. He 
 studied at the R.A.M., and first appeared in 
 Mozart's "Figaro" in 1831. Afterwards he 
 sang in opera, chiefly in London, till about 
 1856, when he occuijied himself as a teacher 
 of singing. He died at Hammersmith, Lon- 
 don, November 27, 1876. He composed many 
 songs, of which the following are best known : 
 Adaline; As steals the dew; Bella donna, 
 would'st thou know; Broken spell; Dearest, 
 wake; Dear halls of my fathers; Green are 
 thy hills; Maid of Athens [1861] ; Mine, only 
 mine; Pilgrim's lament; Sea is calm; When 
 first we met; When we two parted, etc. 
 
 Allen, James Vaughan, musician, pub- 
 lished "Ten Cathedral Chants in score, with an 
 accompaniment for the organ . London [1842] . 
 
 Allen, John, organist and composer of lat- 
 ter part of 16th and early part of 17th centuries. 
 He was organist of Chester Cathedral, and in 
 1612 lie graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford. 
 
 Allen, John, violinist, born in London, 
 and began his career as a leader in 1841. 
 Subsequently he went to America, and for 
 thirty years was identified with the San Fran- 
 cisco theatres. His four daughters, Ricca, 
 Ray, Louise, and Anna, are well-known dan 
 cers. He died at Brooklyn, New York, about 
 August 1892, at the age of seventy-two. 
 
 Allen, Richard, writer, who flourished at 
 the end of the 17th and begining of the 18th 
 centuries. Author of "An Essay to prove the 
 singing of psalms with conjoint voices a 
 christian duty." London, 1696. "Brief vin- 
 dication of an Essay to prove the singing of 
 psalms with conjoint voices a christian duty, 
 from Dr. Russell's Animadversions and Mr. 
 Marlow's remarks." London, 1696. 
 
 Allison, Horton Claridge, composer, or- 
 ganist, and pianist, born in London, July 25, 
 1846. Entered the Royal Academy of Music 
 in 1856, and appeared as a pianist at Willis's 
 Rooms in May 1860, as a pupil of W. H. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ALLISON. 
 
 Holmes. Studied at Leipzig Cons. 1862-65, 
 gaining, in the last year, the first prize for 
 general proficiency, his teachers being Plaidy, 
 E. F. Richter, C. lleinecke, Hauptmann, and 
 Moscheles. Commenced giving concerts in 
 London, July, 1865, and has since appeared in 
 various towns in the provinces. Resident as 
 teaclier in Manchester. Was elected Associate 
 of the R.A.M., 1862, and Member in 1880. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Cantab., 1877; Mus. 
 Doc, Dublin, the same year. Appointed one 
 of Her Majesty's Examiners in Music, Inter- 
 mediate Education Board for Ireland, 1884. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas — 1871-74. Setting of 
 Psalms ex., cxvii., and cxxxiv., for soli, chorus, 
 and string orchestra, 1876, all in MS. An- 
 thems, songs, and part-songs. Symphony for 
 Orchestra, 1875. Suite for Orchestra. Con- 
 certo in D. Pf. and Orchestra, composed in 
 1870, performed 1877, and at the concert of 
 the Westminster Orchestral Society, Decem- 
 ber 9, 1891, and a second concerto, performed 
 Manchester, February 1894, all in MS. Quar- 
 tet, strings, 1865. Concert Duet for two 
 Pianofortes, 1865. Studies and Concert Pieces. 
 Sonata for the Organ, 1865, published 1879. 
 Marches and various other pieces. 
 
 Allison, or Alison, Richard, composer, 
 who flourished in the latter part of the 16th 
 century, and died early in the 17th century. 
 He published " The Psalmes of David in 
 meter, the plaine song being the common 
 tunne to be sung and plaide vpon the lute, 
 orpharyon, citterne or base violl, severally or 
 altogether, the singing part to be either tenor 
 or treble to the instrument, according to the 
 nature of the voyce, or for foure voyces, etc. 
 Lond. 1599." " An houre's recreation in 
 Musicke, apt for instruments and voyces . . . 
 Lond. 1606. He was one of the composers 
 who harmonised the tunes in Thomas Este's 
 "Whole Booke of Psalmes," 1592. 
 
 Allitsen, Frances, vocalist and composer 
 of the present time. Made her debut at 
 Grosvenor Hall, July, 1882 ; and has since 
 sung at various concerts. She has composed 
 six songs (Tennyson) ; eight songs (Heine) ; 
 After long years ; Mary Hamilton ; In times 
 of old; Warning; False or true, and others. 
 Emma Allitsen, her sister, is a contralto voca- 
 list, pupil of the late J. P. Goldberg. Has 
 appeared at, and given concerts in London. 
 Was a professor of singing at the Blackheath 
 Conservatoire. 
 
 Allon, Rev. Henry, Congregational min- 
 ister and musician, born at Welton, near 
 Hull, October 13, 1818. He was educated at 
 Cheshunt College, Herts., and was minister 
 of Union Chapel, Islington, from 1844 till 
 1892. He also acted as editor of the British 
 Quarterly Review. He died at Islington, 
 London, April 16, 1892. 
 
 Works. — Congregational Psalmist, edited 
 
 ALPRESS. 
 
 with Dr. Gauntlett, Lond. 1858 ; also 1860-79 
 four sections, and numerous other editions. 
 Book of chants, 1860. Book of church an- 
 thems, 1872. Children's worship hymns, 
 1878. Church song in its relations to church 
 life, Lond. 1862. The worship of the church, 
 1870 (In Reynolds' "Ecclesia"). 
 
 Allon, Erskine, composer, son of Dr. 
 Henry Allon, born at Canonbury, London, 
 1864. Educated at Reading and Trin. Coll. 
 Cambridge. Studied music under W. H. 
 Birch and other masters, and later under P. 
 Corder. Resident in London. 
 
 Works. — Comic opera, MS. Cantatas — 
 May Margaret, Op. 17, 1889 ; Annie of Loch 
 royan. Op. 20, 1890, produced by the Phil 
 harmonic Society, May 18, 1893 ; The Childe 
 of Elle, Op. 23, 1891, produced Islington, Dec 
 18, 1891 ; The Maid of Colonsay, Op. 25, 1894 
 Sir Nicholas (choral ballad), 1895 ; and The 
 Oak of Geismar, 1895 (MS.). Songs— 0^. 3 
 5 ; Twelve songs. Op. 7 ; Albums of old Eng 
 lish songs. Op. 15, 18, 24, 28, and 34 ; Ten 
 love songs. Op. 13 ; Six pastorals, Op. 34 
 Albums of songs (words by Dolly Radford) 
 Op. 9, 27, 29, and 83 ; various songs, duets 
 and part-songs. histruniental — Chamber 
 music ; Quintet in C, pf. and strings. Op 
 •35 ; Trio, Op. 22 ; Sonatas, pf. and violin 
 in P, Op. 19, in G, Op. 21. Pianoforte Solo— 
 Sonatas, in C and G minor. Op. 11 and 12 
 The Months, twelve pieces. Op. 8 ; Three sets 
 of European dances, Op. 16, 30, and 31 (also 
 for orchestra) ; Suite in P minor, Op. 26 
 Ballet music, and other pieces, in dance 
 rhythms, &c. 
 
 Allum, Charles Edward, organist and 
 conductor, born at Great Marlow, Bucks., 
 June 27, 1852. Studied under Mr. Yates, or- 
 ganist of Bisham Abbey, and afterwards was 
 pupil and assistant of the late W. W. Ring- 
 rose. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1883, ]Mus. Doc, 
 1887, Dublin. In 1874 he was appointed organ- 
 ist and choirmaster of Holy Trinity Episcopal 
 Church, Stirling, and also conductor of the 
 Stirling Choral Society. By his energy and 
 ability the musical services of the church were 
 greatly improved, and the Choral Society raised 
 to more than local importance. The first per- 
 formance in Scotland of Gounod's Mors et vita, 
 took place under his direction, December 11, 
 1885. He holds the appointments of organist 
 of the Public Halls, Stirling, and Town Hall, 
 Alloa. His compositions include a setting of 
 Ps. 84, and a short oratorio, "The Deliverence 
 of Israel " ; only some church music, and tran- 
 scriptions for the organ, have been published. 
 Author of The Complete Scale and Arpeggio 
 Manuel (Wickins). Dr. Allum holds the rank 
 of Captain in the 4th Stirlingshire Volunteer 
 Battalion. 
 
 Alpress H, Q. Rivers, violinist, born 
 in Bendigo, Victoria, Australia, in 1864. He 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ALQUIN. 
 
 founded the Sydney Orpheus Society, and for 
 some years was conductor of the Sydney Lie- 
 dertafeL He is now associated with the Sydney 
 Amateur Orchestral Society, and is heard at 
 the principal concerts. As a solo player his rep- 
 utation is very high, and his repertory embraces 
 the concertos of the great masters, and the 
 principal works of all schools for the violin. 
 
 Alquin, Frank C. d', bass vocalist, born 
 in London, of German parentage. Studied at 
 Milan, under Visoni and Nava. Sang with 
 success in Italy and Germany; and has been 
 heard in concerts in various parts of Britain. 
 Now resident at Brighton as teacher of sing- 
 ing. When a child he studied the violoncello 
 under Piatti, and at bis concerts in Brighton 
 he frequently plays solos upon that instru- 
 ment. He is well-known as a song composer, 
 his publications including The carol singers; 
 Eomanza Pastorale ; L' Aube Nait (Victor 
 Hugo) ; and numerous others ; also the "Pre- 
 paratory Exercise for the Shake." 
 
 AIsop, John, composer of present time, of 
 Newton Abbey, was awarded the Sir Michael 
 Costa Prize of ten guineas. Trinity College, 
 London, with the gold medal, 1888, for an 
 orchestral overture in F. He is also the com- 
 poser of a cantata, " The Sower " [1895]. 
 
 Alston, John, educationist, was born at 
 Glasgow in 1777. He was a merchant and 
 magistrate of Glasgow, aud identified himself 
 with the Blind Asylum, of which he became 
 a director and honorary treasurer. In 1837 
 he published specimens of printing for the 
 blind in raised Koman type, and from that 
 date he issued a large number of books, chiefly 
 educational, for use among the blind. His two 
 works on music in raised type for the blind are 
 the earliest of the kind known to us. The first 
 was "Musical catechism, with tunes, for the 
 Wind." Glasgow [1838] ; and the second "A 
 selection of Scottish songs, embossed for the 
 use of the blind." Glasgow (printed in the 
 Asylum at the Institution Press), 1844. This 
 work is stated to be " the first book of songs, 
 set to music, printed in relief for the instruc- 
 tion of the blind." In 1843 a bust of Alston 
 from the chisel of James Pillans was unveiled 
 in the Glasgow Asylum for the blind, the in- 
 scription on which records the fact that he 
 printed the first bible " in raised letiers for 
 the use of the blind." He died at Glasgow, 
 August 20, 1846, after a career of usefulness 
 and distinction. 
 
 Ambler, Sarah, see Brebeton, Mrs.W. H. 
 
 Ames, John Carlowitz, composer and 
 pianist, born at Westbury-on-Trym, near Bris- 
 tol, January 8, 1860. His father, Geo. A. Ames 
 (born May 10, 1827; died in Loudon, January 
 3, 1893), was a talented amateur violinist, pti- 
 pil of Molique, and, under an assumed name, 
 played in the orchestra of the Birmingham 
 Festival of 1846, when Mendelsson's ' ' Elijah " 
 
 AMOTT. 
 
 was produced. He was the composer of a 
 string quartet, and other works. J. C. Ames 
 first studied under Sir Herbert Oakeley, who 
 persuaded his father to let him take up music 
 as a profession. He then went to Stuttgart, 
 1878, remaining there until 1881, studying 
 the pf. under Lebert and Pruckner, and com- 
 position under Goetschius and Faisst. After- 
 wards he became a pupil of Franz Wiillner at 
 Dresden. One of the early advocates of the 
 Janko Keyboard, he exhibited its powers at a 
 concert at the Burlington Hall, London, in 
 December, 1888, and has given recitals at the 
 Conferences of the Incorporated Society of 
 IMusicians in London, 1893, and Scarborough, 
 1894, and since in several towns in the pro- 
 vinces. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 130, for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra, Dresden, 1877. Consertstiick, Dres- 
 den, 1888 ; Concerto in C minor. Op. 8, Crystal 
 Palace (Oscar Beringer), 1889, both for pf. and 
 orchestra. Concerto in D minor, violin and 
 orchestra, London, 1892 ; Quartet in E minor, 
 strings (Dresden); Trio in E, pf. and strings; 
 Sonata, pf. and violin ; pianoforte pieces, etc. 
 
 Marie Mildred Ames, sister of the preced- 
 ing, was born June 20, 1867. Studied under 
 her brother for three years, and then at the 
 R.A.M., instrumentation with F. Corder ; later 
 at Berlin. Won the Charles Mortimer Prize 
 for composition at R.A.M., 1894. Has written 
 an Andante and Rondo for clarionet and pf. ; 
 Andante in G, Barcarolle, and other pieces 
 for violin and pf., etc. 
 
 Amner, John, composer and organist, was 
 born about the end of the 16th century. He 
 was appointed organist and choirmaster of Ely 
 Cathedral in 1610, and took the degree of Mus. 
 Bac. Oxford in 1613. He died at Ely in 1641. 
 
 Works. — Sacred hymns of 3, 4. 5, and 6 
 parts for voyces and vyols. London, 1615. 
 Some of his anthems and other music for the 
 church service are preserved in ms. at Ely, 
 Cambridge (Peterhouse and Christ Church), 
 Oxford, and in the British Museum. According 
 to Burney he published some madrigals. 
 
 Ralph Amner, a bass singer, probably a 
 relative of the above, was a lay clerk at Ely 
 Cathedral in 1604, and gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal in 1623. He was a minor canon 
 of St. George's Chapel, Windsor. He died at 
 Windsor, March 3, 1664. 
 
 Amott, John, composer and organist, born 
 at Monmouth in 1798, was organist of Abbey 
 Church, Shrewsbury, from 1822 to 1832; and 
 organist of Gloucester Cathedral in succession 
 to Mutlow, 1832-65. He died at Gloucester, 
 February 9, 1865. He composed services, 
 anthems, etc., and acted as conductor of the 
 Gloucester Musical Festivals. He edited a 
 second edition of Lysons' work on the Three 
 choirs festivals, entitled "The Annals of the 
 Three Choirs, etc." London [1864]. 
 
10 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGIiAPHY. 
 
 AMPS. 
 
 Amps, William, organist aud composer of 
 the present time. Was conductor, for some 
 years, of the Cambridge University Musical 
 Society, the concerts of which he distinguished 
 by the production of choral works — Mendels- 
 sohn's "Elijah" (1858); Antigone, aud others. 
 He was organist of St. Peter's Church, Cam- 
 bridge. Of his compositions, two pf. sonatas, 
 and two sonatinas have been published, as 
 also six vocal quartets (1850), and six part- 
 songs (1865). 
 
 Anchors, William, musician of early part 
 of 18th century, published "A Choice Collec- 
 tion of Psalm-Tunes, Hymns, and Anthems." 
 London [1720]. 
 
 Anderson, Andrew, compiler of " Sacred 
 Harmony . . . adapted to the version of the 
 psalms, paraphrases, and hymns used in Pres- 
 byterian churches and chapels . . . London 
 [18401. 
 
 Anderson, George Frederick, violinist, 
 born London, 1793. He married Miss Lucy 
 Philpot, the pianist, in July, 1820. He held 
 the appointments of conductor of Royal 
 Private Band, and hon. treasurer of Philhar- 
 monic Society and Royal Society of Musicians. 
 He died at London, December 14, 1876. He 
 published " Statement of Mr. G. F. Anderson, 
 in reply to calumnious charges against him 
 as Director of Her Majesty's Private Band." 
 Norwich [1855]. Privately printed. 
 
 Anderson, James Smith, organist and 
 composer, born at Crail, Fifeshire, June 30, 
 1853. Musical training, private. F.R.C.O. ; 
 Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1878. Has held various 
 organ appointments, including the Parish 
 Church, Abbey, 1877-9, and St. Andrew's 
 Parish Church. Edinburgh, from 1881. He 
 is teacher of pf. at Moray House Training 
 College and School ; and lecturer on harmony 
 and counterpoint at St. George's Classes, 
 Edinburgh ; both positions dating from 1892. 
 A skilful organist, he has rendered valuable 
 service at concerts. His compositions com- 
 prise Psalm 100, for soli, chorus, and orches- 
 tra ; operc'tas, "Hearts and homes" and 
 " Land of romance," which are published ; 
 as also some songs and i3f. pieces. He also 
 revised the harmonies of the " Blackburn 
 tune book," and composed hymn tunes. 
 
 Anderson, John, violinist and composer, 
 born 1737 ; died at Liverness, June 5, 1808. 
 He published " Selection of the most approved 
 Highland strathspeys, country dances, Eng- 
 lish and French dances, with a harpsichord 
 or violoncello bass." Edinburgh [1790], two 
 collections. " Budget of strathspeys, reels, 
 and country dances for the German flute or 
 violin," ICdinburgh, n.d. 
 
 Anderson, Josephine, born Bartolozzi, 
 mezzo-soprano singer, born at London in 1806. 
 She was a younger sister of Madame Vestris, 
 and studied under Corri, etc. In 1828 she 
 
 ANDERSON. 
 
 made her debut as Rosina in the " Barber of 
 Seville," at the Haymarket Theatre, London, 
 and afterwards sang at London and provincial 
 concerts. She died of consumption, on May 
 1, 1848, aged 42. 
 
 Anderson, Lucy, born Philpot, wife of 
 G. F. Anderson, was born at Bath, December, 
 1790. She was instructed in music by her 
 father and James W. Windsor, and became a 
 pianist of great promise. She appeared at 
 the Pnilharmonic Society concert in London, 
 April 29, 1822, being the first lady iDianist 
 who ever did so, and afterwards played at 
 many of the principal concerts. She was 
 teacher of Queen Victoria and several other 
 members of the royal family. Died at Lon- 
 don, December 24, 1878. 
 
 Anderson, Robert, amateur musician, 
 was born in Fraserburgh, Aberdeenshire, 
 May 6, 1885, and died there on November 22, 
 1882. He was a solicitor in Fraserburgh and 
 composed several part-songs of which the 
 " Herring Song " is best known. He also 
 composed " Songs of Zion "in 12 numbers, 
 published by Novello. 
 
 Anderson, Rev. William, clergyman and 
 musician, born at Kilsyth, Stirlingshire, Janu- 
 ary 6, 1799. He was a popular minister of the 
 United Presbyterian Church in Glasgow, and 
 for many years was pastor of John Street 
 United 1 resbyterian Church. He died at Ud- 
 dingston, near Glasgow, September 15, 1872. 
 
 Early in his career he edited and published 
 anonymously, "The Sacred Choir: a collection 
 of music adapted to the psalms, paraphrases 
 and hymns in general use in Scotland, and 
 specially to the collection of hymns sanctioned 
 by the Synod of Relief," Glasgow [1841]. This 
 contains "Thanksgiving," "Trinity," and the 
 " Sacred Choir," tures by himself. The har- 
 monies were revised by Samuel Barr. He also 
 compiled "A selection of psalm and hymn- 
 tunes, adapted to various measures." Glasgow 
 [1844]. For "The Choir: a collection of psalm 
 and hymn tunes . . . selected and composed 
 by Alex. Duncan." Glasgow, 1828, he wrote a 
 preface. Among other literary works he wrote 
 " Apology for the Organ as an assistance of 
 congregational psalmody." Glasgow, 1829. 
 
 Anderson, William, writer and musician, 
 born at Aberdeen [1817]. He was a clothier in 
 Aberdeen and held the appointment of precen- 
 tor in the South Parish Church from 1835, and 
 in the Free South Church from 1843 to 1871. 
 He died at Aberdeen, August 6, 1875. 
 
 Author of " Remarks on congregational 
 Psalmody." Aberdeen, 1855. " Precentors 
 and Musical Professors : being brief sketches 
 of some of those more worthy of notice who 
 flourished in Aberdeen in the course of the 
 last hundred years." Aberdeen, 1876. This 
 work contains 26 notices and is prefaced by 
 a memoir of the author. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 11 
 
 ANDERTON. 
 
 Anderton, Thomas, composer, organist, 
 and pianist, born in Birmingham, April 15, 
 1836. Teaclier of music in that city, and 
 organist of Parish Church, Solihull. Mus. 
 Bac, Cambridge, 1865. Conducted the first 
 singing class established at the Birmingham 
 ■ and Midland Institute, and for some years 
 carried on a series of high-class orchestral 
 concerts at the Exchange Assembly Rooms. 
 Musical critic of the Birmirigham Daily 
 Gazette. Becoming part proprietor and editor 
 of the Midland Counties' Herald, he retired 
 from the musical profession in 1874, but con- 
 tinued to compose and occasionally gave 
 lectures on inusical subjects. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : The song of Deborah 
 and Barak, Solihull, 1871 ; The wise and 
 foolish virgins ; The Wreck of the Hesperus ; 
 John Gilpin ; The three jovial huntsmen, 
 1881 ; The Norman Baron. 1884 ; Yule Tide, 
 Birmingham Festival, 1885. An English 
 requiem, 1890. Prize glee, Mat o' the Mill. 
 Songs : Come to me, ye children ; The 
 felling of the trees, and many others. Orches- 
 tral : Symphony in D ; Overtures ; Marches ; 
 Allemande in P; Quartet in P, strings, 1884. 
 Pianoforte : Allemande ; Play hours, etc. 
 Literary : Letters from a country house, 1891. 
 
 His brother, John Anderton, is a librettist 
 and dramatic author, and has furnished more 
 than one " book " for the composer. 
 
 Andrews, F. H., Canadian (?) musician. 
 Published " Collection of original sacred mu- 
 sic, with organ or pianoforte accompani- 
 ment," Montreal, 1848. 
 
 Andrews, John Charles Bond=, pianist 
 and composer, born at Birkenhead. At eleven 
 years of age, began his musical career by 
 giving a series of pf. recitals ; and two years 
 afterwards was sent to Leipzig, where he 
 studied under Reinecke and others. He also 
 had lessons from Sterndale Bennett, at the 
 R.A.'XL, and studied at Vienna. In 1876 he 
 gave recitals at Birkenhead, and has appeared 
 with success as a pianist in London and other 
 cities ; he has also ofificiated as conductor to 
 touring opera companies. He has composed 
 several operas — " Heme's Oak," produced at 
 Liverpool, October, 1887 ; " The Rose of 
 Windsor " (both books by Walter Parke), Ac- 
 crington, August, 1889 ; and an operetta, "A 
 Pair of Lunatics " (1892). Quartet in B flat ; 
 Trio in D minor, pf. and strings ; Sonata in 
 G minor ; " May Pole " suite ; and many 
 other pieces for pf., &c. 
 
 Andrews, Mrs. John Holman, born 
 Jenny Constant, a teacher of singing and 
 composer, born in 1817. She resided in Lon- 
 don as a teacher, and died there Ajjril 29, 
 1878. She published " Two part exercises " 
 (for the voice) [1869]. Songs — Adieu ; Au- 
 tumn's golden leaf ; Go lovely rose ; Prince 
 Charley's farewell to Scotland, etc. Nocturne 
 
 APTOMMAS. 
 
 for pf., and other instrumental music. 
 j Andrews, Richard Hoffmann, writer 
 and composer, born in London, November 22, 
 1803. Appeared as a child actor on the stage 
 at the Theatre Royal, Birmingham, and in 
 1809 played the part of Pistol's boy in Henry 
 v., at Liverpool. At the age of nine he was 
 apprenticed to the leader of the Manchester 
 Theatre band, and continueti to reside in that 
 city as teacher, and later as music publisher. 
 He gave a concert so late as Pebruary 23, 
 1885, when he played a violin solo. He 
 edited and arranged a vast number of works 
 for the pianoforte, and wrote several glees 
 which enjoyed great popularity — " Hail fair 
 peace " being one of the earliest. He was 
 author of " Music as a Science," 1885 ; " Sa- 
 cred music, adapted for public and private 
 devotion ;" and edited " The Pamily Vocalist," 
 " Songs of the Hearth," " Handel's Songs," 
 " The German Choral Harmonist," etc. He 
 died at Longsight, Manchester, June 8, 1891. 
 His sons, Richard Hoffmann inborn at IMan- 
 chester. May 24, 1831), and Edward Hoff- 
 mann (born at Manchester, Pebruary 7, 1836), 
 are settled in the United States as pianists 
 and composers. 
 
 Angel, Alfred, organist and composer, 
 was born in 1816. Held appointment of 
 organist of Exeter Cathedral 1S42-1876. He 
 died at Exeter, May 24, 1876. Composer of 
 " Arise my fair and come away," part song, 
 songs, and other vocal music. A son of his 
 was drowned in the wreck of the " London," 
 in 1865. 
 
 Anger, Joseph Humfrey, organist and 
 composer. Musical training private ; gradu- 
 ated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1889. Organist at 
 Bristol and, in 1891, of Ludlow parish church, 
 and music master in King Edward VI. school 
 there. Appointed, 1893, principal in theory 
 department of Toronto Conservatoire of Music 
 and organist and CM. of the Church of the 
 Ascension. His setting of Psalm 96, for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra, gained the gold medal 
 of the Bath Philharmonic Society, and was 
 performed by that Society, April 11, 1888. 
 Other compositions are " Bonnie Belle," mad- 
 rigal for six voices, London Madrigal Society 
 prize, 1890 ; madrigal, " All on a summer's 
 iXLorning;" Pianoforte pieces, &c. 
 
 Ansell,J. K., musician. Published " Col- 
 lection of sacred inusic for the service of the 
 Catholic Church . . . ." London [1818]. 
 "Ave Regina, for four voices and chorus." 
 Songs, Cavalry march, &c. 
 
 Anstey, Thomas, musician. Issued a col- 
 lection of "Sacred music ... in solo, duet, 
 trio, and quartett." London [1830], 2 vols. 
 
 Aptommas, Thomas Thomas, harpist 
 (brother of John Thomas), born at Bridgend, 
 Glamorgan, 1829. Has made tours through- 
 out the United Kingdom, and played at many 
 
12 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 AQUILA. 
 
 musical centres on the continent, appearing 
 at the celebrated Gewandhaus Concerts, Leip- 
 zig, January 18, 1872. Has a wide reputation 
 as a brilliant performer on the harp. Author 
 of a " History of the Harp," 1859, and many 
 Fantasias and other pieces for that instru- 
 ment. 
 
 Aquila, pseudonym, of Edwin Kansford. 
 
 Archer, Frederic, composer and organist, 
 born at Oxford, June 16, 1838. Chorister at 
 All Saints', Margaret Street, London, and 
 afterwards studied at Leipzig. He succeeded 
 Dr. Chipp as organist at the Panopticon, and 
 held similar positions at Hereon College, Ox- 
 ford, and the Alexandra Palace, Muswell Hill, 
 following Mr. Weist Hill as conductor at the 
 latter, a post he held until 1880. Conductor, 
 1878-80, of the Glasgow Select Choir, for which 
 he arranged several Scotch airs as part-songs. 
 About the same time he was also conductor of 
 the Blanche Cole Opera Company on its pro- 
 vincial tours. In 1881 he was appointed or- 
 ganist of the Rev. H. Ward Beecher's Church, 
 Brooklyn, U.S.A., but left the next year for 
 the Episcopal Church of the Incarnation. 
 Since then he has been organist of several 
 different churches, his latest post being at 
 Pittsburg, with an annual stipend of £800. He 
 was organist at Mapleson's New York season 
 of Italian Opera, 1882, and at the Toronto 
 Festival, June, 1886. For some years he was 
 editor of the New York Musical paper, the 
 Keynote, and contributed many articles to the 
 earlier volumes of Musical Opinion, London, 
 and other papers. 
 
 WoRivS. — The Organ : a theoretical and prac- 
 tical treatise (Novello & Co.); The college or- 
 ganist (Weekes) ; Grand fantasia in F ; Concert 
 variations ; March triomphale ; and many 
 pieces for the organ. Duo concertante, flute 
 and pf. ; Three impromptus ; Two gavottes ; 
 and other pieces for pf , Songs, part-songs, etc. 
 
 Argent, William Ignatius, organist, 
 composer, and conductor, born at Colchester, 
 August 26, 1844. Organist of Little Oratory, 
 Brompton, 1859-60. Since 1868 resident in 
 Liverpool and Birkenhead. Organist succes- 
 sively at St. Lawrence, Birkenhead, and St. 
 .Anne's TR.C), Edge Hill. Conductor at dif- 
 ferent periods of musical societies at Widnes, 
 Frodsham, Garston, and of the St. Cecilia 
 Society, Liverpool. Musical critic of the 
 Liverpool Albion, 1873-80, and Mercury, 1886- 
 90. Contributor to ihe Musical Times and 
 other papers. One of the founders of the 
 Liverpool Sunday Society, in connection with 
 which he has not only delivered lectures, but 
 organised an orchestra of seventy performers, 
 and for years given series of Sunday Concerts 
 in St. George's Hall. 
 
 Works.— Mass in A (1875) ; Mass in B flat 
 (1887) ; Tantum ergo and Salutaris hostia, 
 for chorus and orchestra; Motets, anthems, 
 
 ARMITT. 
 
 etc. An opera di camera (1863), and other 
 works in ms. Author of "Half-a-century of 
 music in Liverpool," 1889. 
 
 Arkwright, Mrs. Robert, was a daughter 
 of Stephen Kemble, the actor (1758-1822). 
 She appeared as an actress at Newcastle and 
 Edinburgh, and was married to a Captain 
 Arkwright. 
 
 Works. — Set of six ancient Spanish ballads 
 . . . London [1832], 2nd set [1835]. Set of 
 six songs, the words from Mrs. Hemans, Mrs. 
 Opie, Sir Walter Scott, etc., with pf . accompani- 
 ment by 'I'. Cooke [1835] . Three other similar 
 sets. Six sacred songs [1866]. Ballads — 
 Beloved one, Beth Gelert, Repentence, Sab- 
 bath bell at sea. Sailor's grave, Pirate's fare- 
 well, Zara's ear-rings, etc. 
 
 Armes, Philip, composer and organist, 
 born at Norwich, March 29, 1836. Chorister 
 at Norwich Cathedral, 1846-48, and at Roches- 
 ter Cathedral, 1848-50. Was articled to Dr. 
 J. L. Hopkins in 1850, and was assistant or- 
 ganist at the Cathedral up to 1850. In 1855 
 he was appointed organist at Trinity Church, 
 Milton, Gravesend, and two years later went 
 to St. Andrew's, Wells Street, London. Here 
 he remained till 1861, when he was appointed 
 organist of Chichester Cathedral, a post he 
 left a year later for Durham Cathedral, which 
 position he still holds. He graduated Mus. 
 Bac. Oxon., 1858, and Mus. Doc. 1864. In 
 addition he has received the degrees of Mus. 
 Bac. ad eundem, Durham, 1863 ; Mus. Doc, 
 1874 ; M.A. Ho7ioris causa, 1891 ; and was 
 elected Fellow of the (Royal) College of Or- 
 ganists in 1892. Resident Examiner in Music 
 to University of Durham, 1890; Examiner in 
 Music to University of Oxford, 1894. 
 
 Works. — Hezekiah, an oratorio, produced at 
 Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1877, and revised and en- 
 larged at the Worcester Festival , 1878. Church 
 oratorios : St. John the Evangelist, produced 
 at St. Peter's Church, Bramley, Leeds, July 
 5, 1881, and at the Choir Festival, York Min- 
 ster, Jitly 7 ; St Barnabas, produced at Dur- 
 ham Cathedral, July 30, 1891. Communion 
 services, in A and B flat Anthems : The Lord 
 preserveth (Harvest) ; Rejoice in the Lord, etc. 
 Cantata and Deus for Festival in Durham 
 Cathedral, July, 1894. Paper on English 
 church music of Purcell's period, read at the 
 Church Congress, Norwich, October 10, 1895. 
 
 Armitt, Mary Louisa, writer on music, 
 born at Salford, September 24, 1851. Her 
 father, of a musical family, was assistant 
 overseer of Salford. Her own tastes being of 
 an antiquarian turn in connection with music, 
 she has spent much time in exploring the 
 Bodleian, Cambridge University, and other 
 libraries in England and on the continent ; 
 and her contributions to the press have real 
 historical value. She wrote the musical 
 sketches, "The Choirman of Grayford " and 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 13 
 
 ARMSTRONG. 
 
 " A Stranger's visit " for the Quarterly Mtcsical 
 Review (edited by Dr. Hiles), and also papers on 
 Anthony a' Wood, and Old English Viol Music. 
 In the Musical Times (November, 1891), " A 
 Richmond Idyll" reveals facts not generally 
 known concerning Charles Coleman's domestic 
 life; a paper on "Old English Fingering" 
 (March, 1895), in the same journal, should be 
 also mentioned. Miss Armitt has also contri- 
 buted to The Queen, Musical Standard, Musi- 
 cal World, Musical Neivs, and acted as musical 
 critic for some time for the Manchester City 
 Neivs. She is now resident at Ambleside, 
 Westmorland. 
 
 Armstrong, Helen Porter, born Mit- 
 chell, known professionally as Madame 
 Melba, soprano vocalist, born at Melbourne, 
 Australia, 1859. Daughter of David Mitchell, 
 contractor. Sang in the choir of St. Francis' 
 Roman Catholic Church, Melbourne, and 
 appeared at the Melbourne Liedertafel con- 
 certs. 1884. Made her first appearance in 
 Europe at Emil Bach's concert. Prince's Hall, 
 London, June 1, 1886. A pupil of Madame 
 Marchesi, her operatic debut took place at the 
 Theatre de la ilounaie, Brussels, as "Gilda,"in 
 " Rigoletto," October 12, 1887. She appeared 
 at the Royal Opera, Covent Garden, May 24, 
 1888, as " Lucia," in the " Bride of Lammer- 
 moor," and has in subsequent seasons been 
 heard in a variety of parts. She sang at La 
 Scala, Milan, in 1893; at the Handel Festival, 
 Crystal Palace, June 27, 1894 (Selection Day); 
 in opera. New York, and elsewhere, and has 
 established herself as a prima donna of the 
 first rank. In 1882 she married Mr. Charles 
 Armstrong, of Queensland. 
 
 Her sister, Feedeeica Mitchell, is con- 
 sidered one of the most accomplished vocalists 
 in Melbourne. In 1891 she was principal 
 soprano in the Roman Catholic Church 
 (St. George's) Carlton, Melbourne. She sang, 
 November 24, 1883, in Dublin, at a concert 
 of the University Choral Society. 
 
 Arne, Michael, composer, natural son of 
 Thomas A. Arne, born London, 1741. He 
 was educated for the stage by his aunt, Mrs. 
 Cibber. In 1751 he first appeared as a 
 vocalist. He married Elizabeth Wright, the 
 soprano singer, in November, 1766, and in 
 1779 became director of music at a theatre in 
 Dublin. He returned to London and was 
 director of oratorios in 1784. He devoted 
 himself latterly to the study of alchemy and 
 lost his fortune in the pursuit. Died at 
 Lambeth, London, January 14, 1786. 
 
 WoEKS. — Musical dramas : The fairy tale, 
 1763 ; Almena(with Battishill) 1764 ; Positive 
 man, 1764; Hymen, 1764; Cymon, 1767; The 
 Father, 1778 ; The Belle's stratagem, 1780 ; 
 Choice of Harlequin, 1781 ; Tristram Shandy, 
 1783. Theflow'ret,anew collection of English 
 songs. Glees, many single songs, etc. 
 
 ARNE. 
 
 His wife Elizabeth Weight (born about 
 1743, died?) soprano singer, sang at the prin- 
 cipal concerts of her day. 
 
 Anne, Susanna Maria, see Cibber 
 
 (Susanna M.) 
 
 Arne, Thomas Augustine, composer, 
 born in King Street, Covent Garden, London, 
 May 28, 1710, son of an upholsterer. He was 
 educated at Eton College, being intended for 
 the legal profession, but his natural aptitude 
 for music led him to study privately, and he 
 had lessons on the spiuuet, and private lessons 
 on the violin, from Festing. In 1736 he 
 married Cecilia Young, daughter of Charles 
 Young, an organist, and in 1738 became com- 
 poser to Drury Lane Theatre. From 1742 to 
 1744 he resided in Dublin, and on his return 
 to London in 1745 he became composer to 
 Yauxhall Gardens, Covent Garden Theatre, 
 and the principal London theatres. Doc. 
 Mus., Oxford, 1759. He died, London, 
 March 5, 1778, and is buried in St. Paul's, 
 Covent Garden. 
 
 Works. — Operas and Musical Dramas: 
 Rosamond (Addison), Lincoln's Inn Field's 
 Theatre, March 7, 1733; Opera of operas, or 
 Tom Thumb, 1733 ; Dido and ^neas, 1734 ; 
 Comus, a masque, London, 1738; Judgment of 
 Paris, a masque, 1740; Alfred, a masque, Lon- 
 don, 1740 [by Thomson and Mallet, in which 
 is the celebrated national song " Rule, 
 Britannia," written by Thomson] ; Britannia, 
 a masque, Dublin, 1743; Eliza, opera, Dublin, 
 1743 ; Artaxerxes, opera, London, 1762 [the 
 well-known psalm-tune " Artaxerxes " is 
 taken from the minuet at the end of the 
 overture to this opera, and was first adapted 
 by R. Harrison in vol. 1 of his " Sacred 
 harmony," 1784] ; The fairies, 1762 ; Olim- 
 piade, 1765. Music to Plays: Fall of Phaeton, 
 London, 1736 ; Zara, 1736 ; Blind beggar of 
 Bethnall Green, 1741 ; Thomas and Sally, 
 Dublin, 1743 ; Temple of Duluess, 1745 ; 
 King Pepin's campaign, 1745 ; Neptune and 
 Amphitrite, 1746 ; Don Saverio, 1749 ; The 
 Prophetess, 1759 ; The Sultan, 1759 ; Love in 
 a village, 1762 ; Birth of Hercules (never 
 produced) 1763 ; Guardian outwitted, 1764 ; 
 Ladies' frolic (with W. Bates), 1770 ; Fairy 
 prince, 1771 ; The Cooper, 1772 ; Elfrida (by 
 Mason) 1772 ; The Rose, 1773 ; Contest of 
 beauty and virtue, 1773 ; Achilles in petti- 
 coats, 1773 ; May-Day, 1775 ; Phoebe at court, 
 1776 ; Caractacus (by Mason), 1776 (MS. lost). 
 Music to Shakespeare's As you like it, 1740 ; 
 Twelfth Night, 1741; Merchant of Venice, 
 1742 ; Tempest, 1746 ; Romeo and Juliet, 
 1750. Oratorios : Abel, London, Match, 1755 ; 
 Judith, London, February, 1764. Ode on 
 Shakespeare, composed for the Stratford 
 Jubilee, 1769. Songs, etc. : Lyric harmony, 
 for voice, harpsichord and violin ; The Syren, 
 a collection of favourite songs ; Vocal grove ; 
 
14 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ARNE. 
 
 Summer amusemeut ; Winter amusement : 
 Vocal melody, 1760; Glees, catches, etc., 
 in Warren's collection and elsewhere. Over- 
 tures for orchestra. Sonatas for violin. Con- 
 certos for organ. Sonatas for harpsichord. The 
 compleat musician, . . . being a collection 
 of vocal and instrumental music . . . . 
 London [1760]. 
 
 Arne, Mrs. born Cecilia Young (born 
 1711, died October 6, 1789), was a singer of 
 much note in her day and appeared in many 
 of her husband's works, as well as at most of 
 the leading concerts. 
 
 Arnold, Qeorge Benjamin, composer 
 and organist, born at Petworth, Sussex, 
 December 22, 1832. Studied under Dr. S. 
 Sebastian Wesley, and graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxon., 1855, and Mus. Doc, 1861. Organist 
 successively at St. Columba's College, 1852 ; 
 St. Mary's, Torquay, 1856 ; New College, 
 Oxford, 1860 ; and Winchester Cathedral, 
 1865, in which city he is resident at the 
 present time. He has given concerts with his 
 specially formed choir, and appeared with 
 success as a pianist. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios : Ahab, Exeter Hall, 
 London, by the National Choral Society, 
 April 6, 1864 ; The second coming of our 
 Lord (MS.) Cantatas : The Song of David 
 (MS.) ; Sennacherib, Gloucester Festival, 
 1883 ; The Song of the redeemed, written for 
 St. James's church, New York, and produced 
 there, 1891. Communion Service in G ; Te 
 Deum and Jubilate in D, etc. Anthems : 
 Praise the Lord ; Let the righteous be glad ; 
 The night is far spent, etc. Part Songs : 
 Thou soft flowing Avon ; Live like the rose, 
 etc. Songs : Go, sit by the summer sea. 
 Harmony (Lancashire Choral Union Prize 
 Glee), and others. Pianoforte Music : Sonata 
 in F minor ; Sonata in D ; Prelude and 
 Fugue, etc. 
 
 Arnold, John, " Philo Musicae," com- 
 poser, of Great Warley, Essex, born [c. 
 1715-20] ; died in February, 1792. He issued 
 the following collections : — The Compleat 
 Psalmodist, or organist's parish clerk's and 
 psalm-singer's companion, in four books, 
 1741; also London, 1750; 4th ed. , 1756; 
 5th ed., 1761; 6th ed., 1769; 7th ed., 1779. 
 The Psalmist's recreation . . . 1757. The 
 Leicestershire harmony, containing a set of 
 excellent psalm tunes and anthems composed 
 in modern taste for 4 voices, by an eminent 
 master of the county of Leicester, and now 
 first published by J. Arnold, London, 1759 ; 
 also 2nd ed., 1771. Essex Harmony : being a 
 choice collection of the naost celebrated 
 songs, catches, canons, epigrams, canzonets 
 and glees, for 2, 3, 4, and 5 voices . . . 
 vol. 1., 1750 ; vol. 2, 1769; various editions of 
 both volumes. - 
 
 Arnold, Matthew, organist and con- | 
 
 ARNOLD. 
 
 ductor. Was organist at Leeds ; in 1865 ap- 
 pointed to Wesleyan Chapel, Eccleshill, near 
 Bradford ; and of Enniskillen Parish Church 
 in 1875. He very soon established a choral 
 society there, and for nearly twenty years 
 conducted a series of concerts, appearing like- 
 wise as violinist and pianist, and occasionally 
 as lecturer on musical topics. An active and 
 useful career was closed by his death, at En- 
 niskillen, March 24, 1894. His son, Charles 
 Haydn Arnold, born 1871, is a pianist and 
 organist. He made his debut at his father's 
 concert, September 11, 1884 (with his sister 
 Edith, two years his junior), and at the age 
 of seventeen, in 1888, was appointed organist 
 and choirmaster of St. Flannan's (cathedral) 
 Church, Killaloe, near Limerick, where he is 
 engaged as teacher, and also conductor of 
 choral classes, &c. 
 
 Arnold, Samuel, organist and composer, 
 born London, August 10, 1740. He was edu- 
 cated in the Chapel Royal, under Bernard 
 Gates and Nares. In 1763 he was composer 
 to Covent Garden Theatre, and he afterwards 
 became owner of Marylebone Gardens, in 
 1769, at which he produced various dramatic 
 entertainments, of which two were written 
 by Thomas Chatterton. He retired from this 
 enterprise in 1771, after much loss. In 1771 
 he married Miss Napier. He was made Mus. 
 Bac. and Doc, Oxford, 1773. In 1783 he 
 succeeded Dr. Nares as organist and composer 
 to the Chapel Royal, and in the following 
 year acted as sub-director of the Handel 
 commemoration. He was conductor of the 
 Academy of Ancient IMusic from 1789. and 
 organist of Westminster Abbey from 1793. 
 In conjunction with Dr. Callcott he estab- 
 lished the Glee Club, and was connected with 
 many of the musical enterprises of his time. 
 He died at London, October 22, 1802, and is 
 buried in Westminster Abbey, where a monu- 
 ment to his memory is placed. 
 
 Works. — Musical Dramas, <i;c. — Maid of 
 the Mill, 1765 ; Rosamond, 1767 ; Portrait, 
 1770 ; Mother Shipton, 1770 ; Son-in-law, 
 1779 ; Summer amusements, 1779 ; Fire and 
 water, 1780; Wedding night, 1780; Silver 
 tankard, 1780; Dead alive, 1781; Castle of 
 Andalusia, 1782 ; Harlequin Teague, 1782 ; 
 Gretna Green, 1783 ; Hunt the slipper, 1784 ; 
 Two to one, .784 ; Turk and no Turk, 1785 ; 
 Siege of Cuz2:ola, 1785 ; Inkle and I'arico, 
 1787; Enraged musician, 1788; Battle of 
 Hexham, 1789 ; New Spain, 1790 ; Basket 
 maker, 1790 ; Surrender of Calais, 1791 ; 
 Harlequin and Faustus, 1793 ; Children in 
 the wood, 1793 ; Auld Robin Grey, 1794 ; Zo- 
 rinski, 1795 ; Mountaineers, 1795 ; Love and 
 money, 1795; Who pays the reckoning? 
 1795 ; Shipwreck, comic opera, 1796, Op. 40 ; 
 Bannian Day, 1796; Italian monk, 1797; 
 False and true, 1798 ; Cambro-Britains, 1798 ; 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY 
 
 15 
 
 ARNOLD. 
 
 Throw physic to the dogs, 1798; Obi, 1800, 
 The Review, 1801 ; Corsair, 1801 ; Veteran 
 Tar, 1801 ; Sixty-third letter, 1802 ; Fairies' 
 revels, 1802 ; Tlie Revenge ; Woman of spirit. 
 Oratorios — Cui-e of Saul, 1767 ; Abimelech, 
 1768 ; Prodigal Son, 1773 ; Resurrection, 1777 ; 
 Redemption (compiled from Handel's works), 
 1786 ; Elijah, 1795. Two services in A and 
 B flat. Anthems. Cathedral music, a col- 
 lection in score of the most valuable and 
 useful compositions by the English masters 
 of the 17tQ and 18th centuries. London, 1790. 
 The Psalms of David, for the use of Parish 
 Churches, edited with J. W. Callcoit. Lon- 
 don, 1791. O le for the anniversary of the 
 London Hospital. Anacreontic songs for one, 
 two, three, and four voices. London, 1785. 
 Songs composed for Vauxhall Gardens, several 
 sets. Concertos, overtures, lessons, and son- 
 atas for harpsichord or pf. Edited works of 
 Handel, in 86 vols. 
 
 Arnold, Thomas, musician. Published 
 " The Celestial Wreath, a collection of fa- 
 vourite Psalms and Hymns." London [1840]. 
 Daily Exercises for a soprano voice, etc. Lon- 
 don [1861]. Songs. Selection of popular airs 
 for two performers on the pianoforte, etc. 
 London [1862]. 12 nos. "The Union," a 
 collection of easy duets for pf. [1866]. 
 
 Arnott, Archibald Davidson, composer 
 and organist, born in Glasgow, February 25, 
 1870. His parents removed to London when 
 he was ten years old, but, though passionately 
 fond of music, he did not begin the serious 
 study of the art until he entered his twenty- 
 first year. He graduated Mus. Bac, Durham, 
 1891, being the first graduate by examination 
 at that University. His exercise was a Gloria 
 in four movements, for solo, chorus, and orch- 
 estra, parts of which have frequently been 
 given since as an anthem in Durham Cathe- 
 dral. Studied for a year at the R.C.M., under 
 Drs. Parry and Stanford, and afterwards with 
 Mr. P. Corder. Organist of St. George's, Perry 
 Vale; Trinity Church, Forest Hill; St. Gab- 
 riel's, Pimlico; and, since 1893, organist to 
 the Hon. Soc. of Gray's Inn. 
 
 Works. — Operas: Angelo, a Noble of Venice 
 (two acts, comiposed January, 1895) ; Marie 
 Ancel (four acts, music and libretto, com- 
 posed July, 1895) ; Cantatas : Young Lochin- 
 var, op. 6, for chorus and orchestra (composed 
 1893, produced Crystal Palace, March 16, 
 1895) ; The ballad of Carmilhan, for baritone 
 solo, chorus, and orchestra (composed 1894, 
 produced Queen's Hall, February 26, 1895) ; 
 The Lost galleon, poem by Bret Harte, for 
 the same combination (1896) ; Vita Christi, a 
 sacred mystery (1896). Sccna: The Stilling 
 of the tempest, op, 8, for baritone and orch- 
 estra, i Cycles of songs, words by Edith M. 
 Dunaway and others, op. 1, 2, 12, 13 ; various 
 songs, etc. Two concert overtures for orch- 
 
 ASHLEY. 
 
 estra, op. 3, in D minor, op. 5, in D major; 
 Trio in A, op. 4, for pf. and strings, produced 
 Mus. Artists' Society, March 16, 1896. 
 
 Arthur, J., musician, author of "The 
 modern Art of Flute Playing." London, 1827. 
 
 Ascher, Joseph, composer and pianist, 
 born of German parents at London in 1831. 
 He studied the pianoforte under i\Ioscheles and 
 at Paris, where he chiefly resided. He held the 
 appointment of pianist to the Empress Eu- 
 genie. He died London, June 20, 1869. 
 
 WoEKs. — Pianoforte: Op. 1 Tarentella; 
 Valses: Op. 2, 4, 18, 46, 100, 108; Nocturnes: 
 Op. 3, 125 ; Dances : Op. 6, 24, 61 ; Op. 7 ; La 
 Fileuse, Reveries, etc. : Op. 9, 10, 42, 78, 89, 
 110, 124, 127 ; Mazurkas : Op. 11, 41, 98, 107 ; 
 Impromptus: Op. 12, 26, 65, 81, 82, 99, 105; 
 Polkas, Galops: Op. 13, 31, 49, 8:3, 91, 96; 
 Op. 14, Barcarolle; Caprices: Op. 17, 22, 30, 
 109,111, 113; Op. 21, i.'orgie; Marches: Op. 
 25, 43, 62, 72 ; Idylles : Op. 29, 39, 128 ; Op. 
 3:2, Le Papillon ; Op. 35, Styrienne ; Op. 38, 
 64, Souvenirs ; Op. 40, Fanfare ; Op. 42, Pri6re ; 
 Op. 48, Les Clocheites; Op. 51, La Savillana ; 
 Op. 52, La Fanchonette ; Op 58, Tyrolienne ; 
 Op. 66, Ave Maria ; Op. 73, La Ziugara ; Op. 
 74, La Favorite; Op. 80, La Cascade de Roses; 
 Op. 88, Berceuse; Op. 90, Fantasia; Op. 92, 
 Serenade ; Op. 93, La Phalene ; Op. 94, Le 
 Chalet ;0p. 102, Rhapsodic: Op. 104, Rondedes 
 Elfes ; Op. 106, La Cloche du Convent ; Op. 
 112, I Lazzaroni ; Op. 119, Les Sylphes des 
 Bois; Op. 121, Volhynia; Op. 126, Marinilla. 
 Transcriptions and other arrangements : Op. 
 16, 19, 20, 27, 28, 33-37, 44, 45, 50, 53, 55, 56, 
 60, 63, 67-71, 75-77, 87, 101, 103, 114-118, 122, 
 etc. So7igs: Alice, where art thou?; Bygone 
 love; I'll think of thee; Melanie : Twilight 
 dream, etc. 
 
 Ashe, Andrew, flute-player, born Lis- 
 burn, 1758 [1756J ? He was educated at Wool- 
 wich, where he learned the violin, and was 
 afterwards adopted by General Bentinck, with 
 whom he went to Minorca, and subsequently 
 to Spain, Portugal, France, Germany, and 
 Holland. At the Hague he received lessons on 
 the flute from Wendling, and became family 
 musician to LordTorrington at Brussels, where 
 he gained the post of first flute-player at the 
 Opera House, in competition with Vanhall, 
 1779. He resided in Dublin, 1784-91, and 
 appeard at London, 1792, at Saloman's second 
 concert, where he played a flute concerto of 
 his own. In 1799 he married IMiss Comer, a 
 vocalist. He held the position of principal 
 flute-player at the Italian Opera, London, and 
 was director of the Bath concerts from 1810 
 to 1822. He died at Dublin, April, 1838. He 
 composed concertos, etc. for the flute. 
 
 Ashley, John, musician and conductor, 
 born in first half of the 18th century. He was 
 assistant-conductor under Joah Bates of the 
 Handel commemoration, 1784, director of ora- 
 
16 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ASHLEY. 
 
 torio at Covent Garden Theatre, 1795, and a 
 performer on the double-bass. He organized a 
 band, in which his sons were performers, which 
 gave concerts of instrumental music in various 
 parts of England. He died March 2, 1805. 
 
 His sons, all of whom played in his baud, 
 were General Charles (17G9 — August 28, 
 1818), a violinist; John James (1771 — Lon- 
 don, January 5, 1815), an organist and teacher 
 of singing, who numbered among his pupils 
 Mrs. Salmon, Mrs. Vaughan, and others. He 
 composed "Three Canzonets, Op. 5," songs, 
 and instrumental music. Charles Jane 
 (1773 — August 20, 1843), violoncellist, was one 
 of the founders of the Glee Club, and Sec. to 
 Royal Soc. of Musicians. He was also a mem- 
 ber of the Philharmonic Soc, and became 
 proprietor of the Tivoli Gardens in 1843. For 
 nearly twenty years he was a prisoner for debt 
 in King's Bench Prison, London. His brother 
 Richard (1775—1836) was a violinist, and 
 played chiefly in provincial orchestras. 
 
 Ashley, Josiah or John, composer and 
 vocalist, born Bath, 1780. He resided chiefly 
 at Bath, where he was a teacher and concert 
 vocalist. Died at P)ath in 1830. 
 
 Works. — Songs ; Honest Ben ; Heart that 
 o'erflows with good nature; Origin of old 
 bachelors; Poor Joe, the marine; Poor orphan 
 maid, etc. Reminiscences and observations 
 respecting the origin of our national anthem 
 . . . 1827. Letter to the Rev. W. L. Bowles, 
 supplementary to the observations . . . 1827. 
 Both tracts in answer to Richard Clark's 
 work. In the "Bath and Bristol Magazine," 
 October, 1834, the article on "God save the 
 king" is reprinted. 
 
 Ashton, Algernon Bennet Langton, 
 composer and pianist, third son of Charles 
 Ashton iq.v.), born at Durham, December 9, 
 1859. On the death of his father, the family 
 went to reside at Leipzig, and Moscheles took 
 a great interest in the boy, whose talent was 
 manifested at a very early age. His first in- 
 structors at Leipzig were Franz Heinig and 
 Ivan Knorr. At the age of fifteen he entered 
 the Conservatorium, his teachers being Rein- 
 ecke, E. F. Richter, Jadassohn, R. Papperitz, 
 and Coccius. On leaving, in 1879, he was 
 awarded the Helbig prize, having on two 
 previous occasions taken the yearly prizes for 
 composition. He then visited England for a 
 short time, returning to Germany for further 
 study under Raff, at Frankfort, 1880-1. After 
 that time he took up his residence in London, 
 and in 1885 was appointed Professor of the 
 pianoforte at the Royal College of Music. He 
 has given many concerts in London and else- 
 where, and has appeared as pianist at Leipzig, 
 and in 1894 toured on the Continent with Mr. 
 Ben Davies, the vocalist. His compositions 
 are very numerous, the following list includ- 
 ing the most important of them. 
 
 ASHTON. 
 
 Works. — Orchestral : Three concert over- 
 tures (one in F, produced at the Hanley 
 Festival, 1888); Concerto, pt. and orchestra; 
 Concerto, violin and orchestra. Ghcmiber 
 Music : Quintets in C, op. 25 ; in E minor ; 
 Quartets, F sharp minor, op. 34; C minor; 
 Trios, in E flat ; in A, op. 88, all for pf. and 
 strings ; Quartet in B flat, strings (Musical 
 Artists' Society Prize, 1886) ; Sonatas in F, 
 op. 6 ; in G, pf. and violoncello ; in A minor, 
 op. 14 ; in E, op. 38 ; in C minor, op. 86, pf. 
 and violin ; Op. 44, pf. and viola ; and many 
 pieces in smaller form. Pianoforte : Suite in 
 P, for two pianos ; Six sets of duets ; Three 
 pieces, op. 63 ; " Aquarellen," seven pieces, op. 
 87, etc. Vocal : Salvum fac regem, for chorus, 
 op. 27 ; Part-songs for men's voices, and for 
 mixed choirs ; Duets ; Four songs (Geibel), 
 op. 46 ; Six songs, op. 52 ; Nine songs, op. 
 89, etc. Organ : Interludium, op. 11 ; Minuet 
 in C, op. 81, etc. 
 
 Ashton, Charles, tenor singer, born at 
 Lincoln, Feb. 1, 1815. In 1822 he became 
 a chorister in the cathedral under Benjamin 
 Whall, the choirmaster. Appointed first tenor 
 at Lincoln Cathedral, 1831, and held the post 
 till 1841. He also acted as organist in the 
 churches of St. Peter's at Gowts, and St. 
 Peter's in Eastgate, Lincoln. He was leading 
 tenor at Durham Cathedral from 1841 till 
 1862. He was a successful teacher of singing, 
 and sang at many of the provincial festivals. 
 Died at London, July 11, 1862, when there 
 seeking medical advice. He published several 
 anthems arranged from Beethoven, Mozart, 
 etc., and issued " Services of the church . . . 
 consisting of the Preces, Responses, etc., as 
 sung in Durham Cathedral . . ." London, 
 1844. Several of his children inherited his 
 musical taste, among whom are Algernon and 
 Diana, separately noticed. 
 
 Ashton, Diana Uvedale, daughter of the 
 preceding, born at Durham, October 21, 1840. 
 Studied at first with her father, and, shewing 
 great ability, was sent to Leipzig, where she 
 received instruction from Moscheles, Haupt- 
 mann, and E. F. Richter. Returning after 
 three years' stay in Leipzig, she intended 
 settling in London, but the unexpected death 
 of her father necessitated a change in the 
 plans of the family. For some time she 
 remained in Durham, occupied in teaching ; 
 but seeking a wider sphere for her talent she 
 went to New York, and later to Chicago, 
 where she married a German musician, Louis 
 Staab. She lost all her property in the great 
 fire at Chicago in 1871, and never recovering 
 the shock of that terrible event, this accom- 
 plished artist died in New York, December 21, 
 1878. E. F. Richter dedicated his fine pf. 
 Sonata, op. 27, to IMiss Ashton. 
 
 Ashton, Frank B., see Crawford, 
 William. 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 17 
 
 ASHTON. 
 
 Ashton, Gertrude Cave=, born Holman 
 Andrews, soprano vocalist, born in London, 
 April 17, 1855. Studied under her mother 
 (Mrs. J. Holmau Andrews), and Thorpe Pede. 
 Debut at Alexandra Palace Theatre, 1873; 
 the Popular Concerts, 1876. Sang in the 
 provinces with Mr. Sims Reeves ; and in 
 opera with the Hersee Opera Company, 1877, 
 and the Blanche Cole Company, 1879- Has 
 also appeared at the principal concerts in 
 many provincial towns, and in London. In 
 1875 she was married to Mr. Frank H. Cave. 
 
 Ashton, or Aston, Hugh, composer who 
 flourished during the IGth century and held 
 the appointment of organist to Henry VIII. 
 He composed several masses and anthems 
 which are preserved in the IMusic School at 
 Oxford. 
 
 Ashwell, Thomas, composer who 
 flourished during the first half of the 16th 
 century. He composed " Twenty Songs," 
 1530, and various motets, etc., preserved in 
 MS. in the Music School at Oxford. 
 
 Ashworth, Caleb, musician, born at 
 Clough-Pold, Rossendale, Lancashire, in 1722. 
 He was educated under Doddridge, at North- 
 ampton, and was Baptist minister and tutor 
 at Daventry. He died at Daventry July 18, 
 1775. He compiled "A Collection of Tunes, 
 suited to the several metres commonly used 
 in public worship, set in four parts . . . [17G0], 
 3rd edition, 1766 ; and wrote an " Introduction 
 to the Art of Singing," London, 1770, prefixed 
 to the later editions of the Collection of Tunes. 
 He also published a Hebrew Grammar, Ser- 
 mons, etc. 
 
 Aspa, Edwin, composer and teacher, was 
 born in London in May, 1835, of Italian par- 
 ents. He died at Lincoln, August 17, 1883. 
 Composer of "The Gipsies" and "Endymion," 
 cantatas ; songs, pf. music, etc. 
 
 AspuII, George, pianist and composer,born, 
 Manchester, June, 1813. He first appeard at a 
 concert in 1822, and in 1823 appeared at Lon- 
 don. Afterwards he gave concerts in England 
 and Ireland, and in 1825 played at Paris, being 
 everywhere hailed as a precocious genius of 
 exceptional brilliancy. He died at Leaming- 
 ton, August 19, 1832. His works were pub- 
 lished as "Posthumous Works of George 
 Aspull," edited by his father (Thomas Aspull), 
 Book 1. London [1837]. 
 
 Aspull, Wiillam, composer, born Notting- 
 ham, 1798. Teacher and singer in London. 
 Died in London, January 16, 1875. 
 
 Works. — Songs for the drawingroom[1840]. 
 Songs: Bird of the forest ; Bright eyes; Come, 
 let us sing ; Eastern love-letter ; Good-night ; 
 I think of thee; Lonely heart; We have met; 
 The wreckers, etc. Various transcriptions and 
 other works for pf. Translations of Lemoine's 
 harmony, Nauenburg's vocal exercises. Rink's 
 Organ scliool, etc, 
 
 ATTEY. 
 
 Asquith, John, organist and composer of 
 the present time. Graduated Mus. Bac, Cam- 
 bridge, 1878. Organist of Parish Church, 
 Barnsley. Has published church services, 
 antliems. pieces for pf., organ, songs, etc. Is 
 author of a pamphlet "On Ecclesiastical 
 Music." 
 
 Aston, Hugh, see Ashton, Hugh. 
 
 Atkins, Robert Augustus, organist and 
 composer, was born in 1812. He became or- 
 ganist of St. Asaph's Cathedral, and held the 
 post for over 50 years. He died at St. Asaph, 
 Augusts, 1889. His compositions consist of 
 anthems and other church music. 
 
 Atkinson, Frederick Cook, organist and 
 composer, born at Norwich, August 21, 1841. 
 Studied under Dr. Buck, and was assistant 
 organist at the Cathedral until appointed to 
 Manningham Church, Bradford. He gradu- 
 ated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1867, and in 1881 
 was appointed organist of Norwich Cathedral, 
 a post he resigned in 1885. Prom 1886, he 
 has been organist of St. Mary's Parish Church, 
 Lewisham. He has composed some services 
 and anthems ; a volume of Masonic music ; 
 songs and part-songs ; and pianoforte pieces. 
 
 Atkinson, G. G., musician. Published 
 " The Abbey Bell, a collection of original 
 Psalm and hymn tunes . . ." London[1861]. 
 
 Atkyns, B. K., author. Issued " A Choir- 
 master's ]\Ianual ; containing full instructions 
 for training a choir." n.d. 
 
 Atter, William, musician. Compiled 
 " Collection of Sacred music, adapted to the 
 hymns of Burder and Dr. Watts, with ac- 
 companiment for organ or pianoforte." Lon- 
 don [1845]. 
 
 Atterbury, Luffman, composer, born 
 London, in first half of 18th century [c. 1735- 
 40]. After being trained in music he became 
 musician in ordinary to George III., and a 
 teacher in London. He sang in the Handel 
 Commenaoration, 1784, and gained several 
 prizes from the Catch Club. He died at 
 Westminster, London, June 11, 1796, while 
 giving a concert 
 
 Works. — Mago and Dago (play with music) 
 1794. Goliath, oratorio. 1773. Collection of 
 12 glees, rounds, etc.. Op. 2 [1788]. Collec- 
 tion of glees, canzonets, and rounds for 2, 3, 
 and 4 voices. Op. 3. London [1790]. Collec- 
 tion of catches and glees. London, n.d. 
 Single Glees, &c. — Come let us all a Maying 
 go ; Come mount your fleet coursers ; Come 
 ye rural nymphs ; Cottagers ; Happy we ; 
 Lads and lasses hither come ; Lay that sullen 
 garland by thee ; Let's banish strife and sor- 
 row ; Will you go to the fair ; With horns and 
 hounds, etc. Songs — Mark the sweet rosebud ; 
 Say why a blush ; Undaunted Britons, etc. 
 
 Attey, John, composer, born about 1590 ; 
 died at Ross, Hereford, about 1640. He com- 
 posed " First booke of ay res of foure parts, 
 
18 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ATT WATER. 
 
 with tableture for the lute, so made that all 
 the parts may be plaid together with the lute, 
 or one voyce with the lu'e and bass viol." 
 London, 1622. 
 
 Attwater, John Post, pianist, organist, 
 and composer ; born at Faversham, Kent, 
 June 26, 1862. In 1881: he went to London, 
 and is now organist of Clapham Congrega 
 tional Church. Studied under Dr. C. J. Frost, 
 Dr. C. W. Pearce, and others ; is a violinist and 
 vocalist, and F.R.C.O. His compositions 
 include a setting of Psalm 34, for soli, chorus, 
 and organ, and many songs and pieces for 
 pf., reaching to Op. 79. 
 
 Attwood, Thomas, composer and organ- 
 ist, born London, November 23, 1765. En- 
 tered Chapel Royal as chorister 1774. He 
 studied under Nares and Ayrton 1774-1781. 
 In 1783 he was sent to Italy by George IV., 
 then Prince of Wales, to continue his musical 
 studies, and he received instruction from La- 
 tilla at ISaples, Mozart at Vienna, etc., from 
 1783 to 1787. On his return to England he 
 became organist of St. George the Martyr, 
 iHolborn, 1787, and a member of the Prince 
 of Wales' private band. From 1792 to 1795 
 he acted as music master to several members 
 of tlie royal family. In June, 1796, he be- 
 came organist of St. Paul's Cathedral, Lon- 
 don, and, in the same year, composer to the 
 Chapel Royal. . He was a member of the 
 Philharmonic Society, 1813, and held the 
 appointments of organist to George IV. at his 
 private chapel at Brighton, 1821, and organist 
 of the Chapel Royal, 1836. He died at Chel- 
 sea, London, March 24, 1838, and is buried 
 in St. Paul's Cathedral, under the organ. 
 
 Works. — Musical Dramas, dc. — The Priso- 
 ner, 1792 ; Mariners, 1793; Caernarvon Castle, 
 1793; Adopted child, 1795; Poor sailor, 1795; 
 Smugglers, 1796; Devil of a lover, 1798; Mouth 
 of the Nile, 1798; Day at Rome, 1799 ; Red 
 Cross Knight, 1799; Castle of Sorrento, 1799; 
 Magic oak, 1799 ; Old clothesman, 1799 ; Do- 
 minion of fancy, 1800; True friends, 1800; The 
 Escapes, or the water carrier (from Cherubiui), 
 1801 ; II Bondocani, 1801 ; St. David's Day, 
 1804; Adrian and Orilla (with M. Kelly), 1806; 
 Curfew, 1807. Church services in F, A, D, 
 and C. Anthems — Come Holy Ghost ; Enter 
 not into judgment ; Grant, we beseech Thee ; 
 I was glad ; Let the words of my mouth ; 
 God, who by the leading of a star ; They that 
 go down to the sea ; Turn Thee again Lord ; 
 Turn Thy face from my sins ; Withdraw not 
 Thou Thy mercy. Nine glees for three, four, 
 five, and six voices. London [18281 . Songs — 
 Dear vale, whose green retreats ; The sigh ; 
 Soldier's dream ; Spacious firmament ; Young 
 Lochinvar, etc. 
 
 Audsley, George Ashdown, architect 
 and musician, was born at Elgin September 
 6, 1838. Has lectured on Bach and other 
 
 AVI SON. 
 
 musical subjects, and is author of a work on 
 the organ. He has also produced a number 
 of finely illustrated books on architecture 
 and decoration. 
 
 Austen, Augusta Amherst (Mrs. T. 
 Anstey Guthrie), composer and organist, 
 born London, August 2, 1827. She studied at 
 the Royal Academy of Music, and was ap- 
 pointed organist of Ealing Church in 1844. 
 This post she held till 1848, when she re- 
 ceived a similar appointment at Paddington 
 Chapel. This she resigned in 1S57, and soon 
 after she married Mr. T. A. Guthrie. She 
 died at Glasgow August 5, 1877. She com- 
 posed various hymn-tunes, etc. Her son, P. 
 Anstey, is the popular novelist, author of 
 " Vice Versa " and other works. 
 
 Austin, John, author, born at Craigton, 
 near Glasgow, April 17. 1752. He was a manu- 
 facturer in Glasgow, where he died about 1830. 
 He published " A System of Stenographic 
 Music." London, n.d. [1820], in which the 
 proposal is made to substitute one line and 
 six characters for the ordinary five lines and 
 symbols of the existing musical notation. 
 There is a short notice of Austin, with por- 
 trait, in Kay's " Original Portraits," vol. 2. 
 p. 376. Edinburgh, 1838. 
 
 Austin, Walter, Amateur composer, born 
 at Leeds. Engaged in the Civil Service. First 
 came into notice by his Cantata, "The Fire 
 King," accepted for the Leeds Festival of 1877. 
 He is also the composer of an Operetta, "The 
 Stepmother" (Arthur Sketchley), produced at 
 St. George's Hall, London, 1880; an overture, 
 "The Camp," performed at the Covent Gar- 
 den Promenade Concerts, August, 1880; and 
 some songs and pf. pieces. 
 
 Austin, William Frank, organist and 
 composer, born at Lichfield, December 28, 
 1846. Began his career as a chorister, in Lich- 
 field Cathedral, and was afterwards associated 
 with the musical work of Rugby School, and 
 Trinity College, London. He took up warmly 
 the subject of "English Opera," upon which 
 he lectured and wrote. His last organ appoint- 
 ment was at St. Andrew's, Fulham. He died 
 in London, February 16, 1891. His composi- 
 tions include a chorus, The Crusaders; The 
 Gondolier ; Farewell, dear Love, and other 
 songs ; and a few pieces for pianoforte. 
 
 Avison, Charles, composer, author, and 
 organist, born at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1710. 
 He is supposed to have gone to Italy to study 
 music, and he certainly had lessons from 
 Geminiani in London. In July, 1736, he be- 
 came organist of St. John's Church, New- 
 castle, and in October of the same year he 
 was appointed organist of St. Nicholas' 
 Church, Newcastle. From 1736 he gave sub- 
 scription concerts in Newcastle, and resided 
 there as a teacher. He died Newcastle-upon- 
 Tyne, May 9, 1770. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 19 
 
 AYLWARD, 
 
 Works. — Twenty-six concertos for four 
 violins, Newcastle, 1758. Eight concertos in 
 seven parts for four violins, one alto-viola, 
 a violoncello, and a thorough-bass for the 
 harpsichord, 1755. Twelve concertos in seven 
 parts for four violins, one alto-violin, violon- 
 cello, and thorough-bass for the harpsichord, 
 op. 6. Six concertos in seven parts, op. 10, 
 London, 1769. Six sonatas for the harpsi- 
 chord, with accompaniments for two violins 
 and violoncello, op. 5, London, 1756 ; another 
 set, op. 7, Newcastle, 1760; third set, op. 8, 
 London, 1764. Concertos for organ or harp- 
 sichord, op. 9. Songs, etc. An Essay on 
 musical expression, London, 1752. This pro- 
 voked an acrimonious discussion with Dr. 
 Philip Hayes of Oxford. He replied to Hayes 
 in the second edition, 1753, of his essay, and 
 included in it "A letter to the author concern- 
 ing the music of the ancients," written by 
 Dr. Jortin. The third edition appeared in 
 1775, "with alterations and large additions," 
 and in the same year a German translation 
 was published at Leipzig. He assisted Dr. 
 Garth, of Durham, with his edition of Mar- 
 cello's Psalms, 1759, after having himself 
 issued proposals for publishing them. His 
 best-remembered comi:)osition is " Sound the 
 loud timbrel," otherwise called " Miriam's 
 song." In Robert Browning's poem, " Parley- 
 ings with certain people of importance," a 
 part is devoted to Avison. 
 
 His eldest son, Edward (1747-1776) suc- 
 ceeded him as organist at St. Nicholas', and 
 his second son, Charles (1750-1793) was or- 
 ganist of St. John's. 
 
 Aylward, Theodore, composer and organ- 
 ist, born about 1731 . He was a member of the 
 Royal Society of Musicians in 1763, and gained 
 a prize medal from the Catch Club in 1 769. In 
 June, 1771, he was appointed Professor of IMu- 
 sic at Gresham College. In 1784 he was assis- 
 tant director of the Handel commemoration. 
 He held the appointments of organist of St. 
 Lawrence, Jewry, 1762 ; St. Michael's, Corn- 
 hill, 1768 ; and St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 
 1788. In 1791 he was Mus. Bac. and Doc, Ox- 
 ford. He died London, February 27, 1801, and 
 is buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor. 
 
 Works. — Musical dramas: Harlequin's in- 
 vasion [1787] ; ]\Iidsummer night's dream ; 
 Mago and I 'ago, etc. Six lessons for the harp- 
 sichord, organ, or pianoforte, op. 1 [1792]; 
 Elegies and glees [1785]; Eight canzonets for 
 two soprano voices, London [1785]. Songs : Oft 
 Oft have I seen; Sweet tyrant love, etc. Church 
 music in ms. 
 
 Aylward. A family of musicians related 
 to the above. William Price Aylward, 
 great-nephew, was born at Salisbury, circa, 
 1810. Was for about thirty years organist of 
 St. Martin's, Salisbury, and in 1865 also 
 appointed to St. Edmunds. Conductor of the 
 
 AYRTON. 
 
 Sarum Choral Society, and Bandmaster of 
 First Wilts. Rifle Volunteers. He was an 
 excellent flute player. Was elected Mayor 
 of Salisbury, 1868-9. Died 1890. He had 
 seven children in the musical profession : — 
 Augustus Albert, born at Salisbury, organist 
 successively of St. Edmund's and St. Thomas', 
 Salisbury. Contrabassist and conductor of 
 orchestral concerts. In 1889 he was appointed 
 organist and choirmaster of St. Peter's, 
 Ashtabula, Ohio, U.S.A., where he gained 
 distinction by his organ recitals. He is now 
 resident at Basingstoke, Hants. — Theodore 
 Price, organist, was born at Salisbury, 1844. 
 Articled pupil of Dr. S. S. Wesley, at Win- 
 chester and Gloucester. Organist of St. 
 ]\Iatthew's, Cheltenham ; St. Columba's 
 College, Rathfarnham, Dublin ; St. Martin's, 
 Salisbury (during his father's term of office 
 as Mayor) ; Llandaff Cathedral ; Chichester 
 Cathedral ; and since 1886, of the Park Hall, 
 and St. Andrew's Church, Cardiff. Editor of 
 the Sarum Hymnal, 1870. — Williaji Henry, 
 violoncellist, born at Salisbury, 1835. Educated 
 at the R.A.M. ; King's Scholar, 1850. Member 
 of the riiilharmonic and Royal Italian opera 
 orchestras ; also distinguished as a quartet 
 player. Died at Slough, Llarch 12, 1878. — 
 Amy Aylward, soprano vocalist, educated at 
 R.A.M., and elected an Associate. Sang at the 
 Monday Popular Concerts, 1880 ; Cambridge 
 University Society's Concerts ; and elsewhere, 
 and is now resident in London. — Gertrude 
 Aylward, also a soprano, has sung in Lon- 
 don, and given concerts during the last few 
 years. — Janetta Aylward, pianist, King's 
 Scholar, R.A.M., 1852, a brilliant and highly 
 promising student, died June 7, 1853, in her 
 sixteenth year. — Leila J. Aylward, pianist, 
 and contralto vocalist, student, and Fellow 
 R.A.M., has given some excellent Chamber 
 Concerts in Salisbury; and has for years done 
 good work in the advancement of musical edu- 
 cation in the district. 
 
 Ayrton Edmund, composer and organist, 
 born Ripon, Yorks., 1734. He was a pupil of 
 Dr. Nares, at York Minster, 1744. Organist 
 of Collegiate Church, Southwell, 1754-67. 
 Gentleman of Chapel Royal, 1764, and vicar- 
 choral St. Paul's Cathedral, London, 1767. 
 Lay-Vicar, Westminster Abbey, 1780. Master 
 of children of Chapel Royal, 1783-1805. Mus. 
 Doc, Cambridge, 1784. Said also to have 
 incorporated Mus. Doc, Oxford, in 1788. 
 Assistant-director of Handel Commemoration, 
 1784, He died London, May 22, 1808, and is 
 buried in the cloLsters of Westminster Abbey. 
 
 Works. — Services for the church in C and 
 E flat ; Anthem, " Begin unto my God," de- 
 gree exercise, 1784. Ode to Harmony [1790]. 
 Canon, five in two [1790] . Songs, etc. 
 
 His son Thomas (born 1781, died 1S2l'), was 
 organist of Ripon Cathedral for some years. 
 
20 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 AYRTON. 
 
 Ayrton, William, author and composer, 
 son of Edmund Ayrton, born London. Feb. 24, 
 1777. IJe married a daughter of Dr. Samuel 
 Arnold, and in 1801 unsuccessfully competed 
 for the Gresliam professorship of music. 
 He was successively editor of the Morning 
 Chronicle, 1813-26 ; Harmonicon, 1823-33 ; 
 and Examiner, 1837-51. Member of Royal 
 Society, Antiquarian Society, Atheuseum 
 Club, Philharmonic Society, etc. He died 
 London, May 8, 1K58. 
 
 Works. — Sacred Minstrelsy : a collection of 
 sacred music by the great masters of all ages 
 and nations . . . with biographies. London, 
 ] 835, 2 vols. Knight's Musical Library (edited ), 
 1884, etc., 8 vols. Duets : Fair and fair ; Oh ! 
 oh ! memory. Songs, etc., etc. 
 
 Ayton, Fanny, soprano vocalist, born 
 Macclesfield, 1806. She studied under Man- 
 ielli at Florence, and first appeared at Venice 
 in opera, 1825, in Coccia's " Clotilda." In 
 February, 1827, she appeared in London as 
 ]Siiuetta in Rossini's " La Gazza Ladra," at 
 the King's Theatre. She afterwards sang in 
 London, Birmingham, and elsewhere, both in 
 opera and oratorio. The date of her death 
 remains in doub , but was subsequent to 1832 
 as she appeared in February of that year in a 
 version of Meyerbeer's " Robert le Diable." 
 
 Babell, William, violinist and composer, 
 born 1690. He studied under Dr. Pepusch, 
 and became a member of the Royal Band. 
 He was also organist of All Hallows Church, 
 Bread Street, London. He died London, Sep- 
 tember 23, 1723. 
 
 WoEKS. — XII. solos for a violin or hautboy, 
 with a bass fijiur'd for the harpsichord. Lon- 
 don [1720]. XII. solos for a violin, hoboy, or 
 German flute, with a bass figur'd for the 
 harpsichord. London [1723]. Twelve solos 
 for the flute or hoboy. Op. 2. Six concertos 
 for the piccolo, flute, and violins. Suits of 
 harpsichord and s} inuet lessons collected from 
 the most celebrated masters' works. London 
 [1712]. Book of the lady's entertainment, or 
 banquet of musick, being a choice collection 
 of aires and duets curiously set and fitted to 
 the harpsichord or spinnet (four books with 
 varying titles). London [1710-25]. 
 
 Baber, Miss Colbourne (Mrs. Harrison 
 White); soprano vocalist of jiresent lime, 
 born at Hobart, Tasmania. Pupil of Madame 
 Lucy Chambers. Appeared at Melbourne 
 Opera House; toured through India, China, 
 and Japan. Now settled in Sydney, N.S.W. 
 
 Bacfie, Constance, pianist and writer, 
 born at Edgbaston, Birmingham, the youngest 
 child of the Rev. Samuel Bache (1804-1876), 
 Minister of the Church of the Messiah, Bir- 
 mingham. Her musical talent was fostered 
 by her brother, Walter Bache, and she studied 
 at the Conservatorium, Munich, becoming, 
 
 BACHE. 
 
 later on, a pupil of Klindworth and Fritz 
 Hartvigson. An accident to her right hand 
 put a stop to the public career open to her, 
 but she ]3layed occasionally at concerts in Bir- 
 mingham, up to the year 1883, when she 
 settled in London as a teacher, devoting, 
 however, much of her time to musical litera- 
 ture and translations, of which the following 
 are the most important : — Liszt : Oratorio, St. 
 Elizabeth (see Bache, Walter) ; Letters, 2. 
 vols. (Grevel, 1894) ; words of many of his 
 songs. H. von Bulow — Letters and literary 
 remains (Unwin, 1896), Wagner: — Descriptive 
 sketch of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony (for 
 Richter concert programmes). Heintz : Ana- 
 lyses of Wagner's " Tristan " (1891) ; Meister- 
 singer (1891) ; " Parsifal " (1892). Schumann : 
 "The Rose's Pilgrimage ;" Scenes from Goe- 
 the's "Faust." Mozart: Libretto of "Bas- 
 tian and Bastienne " (1894). Humperdinck : 
 Libretto of " Hansel and Gretel ;" Lobe's 
 Catechism of Music, and Von Bulow's anno- 
 tated editions of Cramer, Chopin, etc. Con- 
 stance Bache is the composer of the songs, 
 " To my Love " and " The rain is falling." 
 
 Bache, Francis Edward, composer and. 
 pianist, eldest son of the Rev. Samuel Bache, 
 born at Edgbaston, Birmingham, September 
 14, 1833. In early childhood he showed ex- 
 traordinary aptitude for music, studying the 
 pianoforte, organ, and violin, making such 
 progress in the last, under Alfred Mellon, that 
 he was given a place in the Festival Orchestra 
 in 1846, when Mendelssohn produced "Elijah." 
 Upon leaving school in 1849, he took lessons 
 from Mr. James Stimpson, but soon left for 
 London, where he studied with Sterndale 
 Bennett. In 1853 he went to Leipzig, study- 
 ing under Haujitmann and Plaidy, and took 
 organ lessons from J. G. Schneider at Dresden, 
 in 1854. He gave his first concert in Bir- 
 mingham, at the beginning of December, 1855, 
 but his health was already failing, and he 
 spent the winter in Algiers. Here he gave a 
 concert, in March, 1856, and his playing 
 created a marked impression. From Algiers 
 he went to Leipzig, and thence to Rome, 
 where he spent the next winter. In 1857 he 
 returned home, wintering in Torquay ; back 
 in Birmingham, April, 1858, he gradually 
 sank, and expired August 24, before he had. 
 completed his 25th year. His capacity for 
 work knew no bounds ; he was always com- 
 posing ; and only a few weeks before his death 
 he gave a concert, chiefly of his own works, 
 but he was unable, though present, to take 
 his part in the performance. He was a 
 thinker, and in a series of letters, written in 
 1856, advocated the establishment of a per- 
 manent orchestra in Birmingham, pointing 
 out the great artistic results that should fol- 
 low. The letters were not considered suitable 
 for the pages of the journal to which they 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 21 
 
 BACHE. 
 
 were addressed, and have only recently been 
 published, and that in connection with the 
 formation of the Scottish Orchestra at Glas- 
 gow, in 1893. His compositions must be 
 looked upon as the promise of what might 
 have been had he lived longer ; they prove, 
 however, that in Francis Edward Baclae death 
 robbed England of a highly gifted artist. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Which is which (1851) ; 
 Rubezahl (1853). Orchestral : Overture (per- 
 formed, Adelphi Theatre, November, 1850) ; 
 Concerto for pianoforte and orchestra in E ; 
 Andante, Rondo, and Polonaise ; Morceau de 
 concert in F, for pf. and orchestra. Trio in D, 
 pf. and strings, Op. 28 ; Two Romances, violin 
 and pf. ; Romance in G, flute and pf. ; Romance 
 for pf . and 'cello. Op. 21. Pianoforte : Three Im- 
 promptus, Op. 1 ; Two Romances, Op. 12 ; Pour 
 Mazurkas, Op. 13 ; Five characteristic pieces. 
 Op. 15 ; Deux Polkas, Op. 17 ; Souvenirs 
 d'ltalie, eight pieces, Op 19; Les Clochettas 
 des traineau. Op. 20 ; La Penseroso e 1' Allegra, 
 Op. 24 ; Souvenirs de Torquay, five pieces. Op. 
 26 ; other pieces and transcriptions, more than 
 fifty in all. Introduction and Allegro, organ. 
 Six songs for voice and pf.. Op. 16 ; Litany, 
 words and music [1862] . Four songs [1859] ; 
 and single songs — the "Farewell " being worthy 
 to stand side by side with the lleder of Schu- 
 bert and Schumann. 
 
 Bache, Walter, pianist, born at Edgbas- 
 ton, Birmingham, June 19, 1842. Fourth son 
 of the Rev. Samuel Bache. Educated at the 
 Proprietary School, Edgbaston. Began the 
 study of music under James Stimpson, and at 
 the age of 16 (August 1858) proceeded to 
 Leipzig, studying at the Conservatorium, un- 
 der Plaidy, IMoscheles, Hauptmann, and Rich- 
 ter. At the end of three years, he left Leipzig, 
 and visited Milan and Floi-ence, where he 
 began to give lessons. In 1862, he went to 
 Rome and studying for three years with Liszt, 
 formed a life-long friendship with the illus- 
 trious artist. In May, 1865, he settled in 
 London as a teacher and performer. He gave 
 his first concert, in conjunction with Mr. 
 Gustave Garcia, in Collard's Rooms, July 4, 
 1865, and then began that ardent champion- 
 ship of the claims of Liszt as a composer that 
 lasted to the end of his life. The concerts 
 were gradually extended, and the services of 
 an orchestra requisitioned in 1871, when Bache 
 played the Concerto in E flat, and gave the 
 symphonic poem, " Les Preludes " — intro- 
 duced in 1865 for two pianos — with full or- 
 chestra. Other modern composers were not 
 overlooked, for works by Wagner, Berlioz, 
 and Schumann, were introduced from time to 
 time. But his affection for Liszt was strongest 
 and his last recital, October 22, 1887, was 
 • exclusively devoted to that master. Un- 
 daunted by hostile criticism, or financial loss, 
 Bache went on with his propagandism, and if 
 
 BAILDON. 
 
 he did not succeed in what he felt to be his 
 mission, he did more than any one to break 
 down that conservatism in music that was a 
 positive hindrance to the art in this country. 
 Bache's reception to Liszt at the Grosvenor 
 GaUery, April 8, 1886, was a memorable inci- 
 dent of the great pianist's last visit to this 
 country. He was an active promoter of the 
 Liszt Scholarship at the Royal Academy of 
 Music ; the Scholarshiji to his own memory 
 was incorporated in that of the man he so 
 revered. Bache died, after a few days' illness, 
 March 26, 1888, and was interred in the ceme- 
 tery at West Hampstead. He had, for some 
 years, been a professor of the pianoforte at 
 the R.A.M. 
 
 Among the works of Liszt brought forward 
 at Bache's concerts, the following were per- 
 formed in England for the first time : — The 
 " Faust " Symphony, March 11, 1880 ; Sym- 
 phonic poem, " Les Preludes," May 26, 1871 ; 
 Scena, " Jeanne d'Arc au biicher," for soprano 
 solo and orchestra ; Angelus, strings, February 
 5, 1885 ; Fantasia quasi Sonata, " Apris une 
 Lecture du Dante," February 21, 1887. The 
 Legend of Saint Elizabeth was first performed 
 in England, by the New Philharmonic Society, 
 June 15, 1870, anticipating Bache, who brought 
 out the work, February 24, 1876. 
 
 Back, Sir Qeorge, naval officer, born 
 Stockport, 1796 ; died, 1878. He issued 
 "Canadian Airs, collected by Lieut Back, 
 R.N , during the late Arctic expedition under 
 Captain Franklin. With symphonies and 
 accompaniments by E. Knight, jun., the 
 words by George Soane. " London, 1823. 
 
 Bacon, Richard Mackenzie, author and 
 editor, born Norwich, 1776. He was editor 
 of the " Quarterly Musical Magazine and 
 Review." Died at Norwich, 1844. 
 
 Wo KS. -Science and practice of vocal 
 ornament, London, n.d. Elements of vocal 
 science, being a philosophical enquiry into 
 some of the principles of singing. London, 
 1824. Art of improving the voice and ear, 
 and of increasing their musical powers on 
 philosophical principles. London, 1825. 
 
 His daughter Louisa Maky Bacon, born at 
 Norwich, March 4, 1800 ; died February 2, 
 1885, was also a musician She married a 
 Mr. Barwell. 
 
 Bacon, Rev. Robert, clergyman and 
 musician of the ISth century. He graduated 
 B. A., Oxford, in 1738; and in 1753 became 
 priest vicar of Salisbury Cathedral. He died 
 in 1759. Composer of chants, eic. 
 
 Badland, Thomas, musician, published 
 " Set of original Tunes in four parts, adapted 
 to the Hymns of the Rev. J. Wesley, etc, 
 London [18271. 
 
 Baildon, Joseph, composer and vocalist, 
 born 1727. He was a Gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal, and Lay-Vicar of Westminster 
 
22 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 BAILLIE. 
 
 Abbey, about the middle of the ISth century. 
 He gained prizes given by the Catch Club in 
 1763 and 1766. He held the position of 
 organist of St. Luke's, Old Street, and All 
 Saints, Fulham, London. Died at London, 
 May 7, 1774. 
 
 Works — Collection of glees and catches 
 London [1768J. The Laurel, a collection of 
 songs. Ode to Contentment. Numerous single 
 songs, and others in " Love in a Village," etc. 
 
 Baillie, Alexander, musician of the 18th 
 century. He was an engraver in Edinburgh. 
 
 Editor of " Airs for the Flute, with a 
 thorough bass for the Harpsichord. Edin- 
 burgh, 1735. 
 
 Baillie, Peter, commonly called " Pate 
 Baillie," violinist, was born at Stenhouse, in 
 Liberton parish, Midlothian, February 25, 
 1774, and was a descendant of the gipsy 
 family of Baillies of the Upper Ward of 
 Lanarkshire, his father being Matthew 
 Baillie of that sept. He was originally a 
 stonemason, and worked for a time at the 
 Edinburgh University building, but he settled 
 as a violin-player at Loanhead and Bonnyrigg 
 in i\Iidlothian. He died at Liberion, Mid- 
 lothian, about 1841, and is buried in the 
 churchyard there. A selection of his com- 
 positions were published as " A Selection of 
 Original Tunes for the pianoforte and violin." 
 Edniburgh, 1825; for the benefit of his family. 
 He was a talented performer of ^^cots music, 
 and was widely employed "at penny weddings, 
 kirns, and other merry ' splores,' " but seems 
 to have been a rude, offensive fellow, much 
 given to bouts of intemperance. 
 
 Bain, John, musician and teacher in 
 Glasgow in the latter half of the 18th century, 
 published "The Vocal Musician, being a col- 
 lection of select Scots and English Songs, 
 adu,pted to two, three, or four voices." 
 Glasgow, 1774. 
 
 Bairstow, Thomas, musician, published 
 "An Original set of Psalm and Hymn Tunes 
 arranged for one or four voices, with an ac- 
 companiment for the organ or pf." Halifax 
 [1852] . Second set of Original Psalm and 
 Hymn Tunes . . . Halifax [1852] . 
 
 Baker, George, composer, born Exeter 
 about 1773. He studied under Jackson of 
 Exeter and Hugh Bond. He entered the 
 family of the Earl of Uxbridge, and received 
 further instruction from Cramer and Dussek. 
 Organist successively of St. Mary's, Stafford, 
 1794; All Saints', Derby, 1810; and Rugeley, 
 1824. In 1797 he took the degree of Mus. 
 Bac, Oxford., but did not proceed to Mus. 
 Doc. as is usually supposed. He died at 
 Rugeley, February 19, 1847. He composed 
 " The Caffres," a musical entertainment, Lon- 
 don, 1802 ; Sonatas for the pf . ; Organ volun- 
 taries; Songs; Six Anthems for 4, 5, and 6 
 voices; and Glees for 3 and 4 voices. 
 
 BALFE. 
 
 Baker, Sir Henry Williams, Bart., 
 
 musician and clergyman, born London, I\Iay 
 27, 1821. Son of vice-admiral Sir Henry 
 Loraine Baker, C.B.. He was educated at 
 Cambridge University, and graduated B.A., 
 1844, and M.A., 1847. Vicar of Monkland, 
 near Leominster, 1851. Succeeded his father 
 as a baronet, 1859. Died at Monkland Vicar- 
 age, February 12, 1877. He was the originator 
 and one of the compilers of "Hymns Ancient 
 and Modern," 1858, _ and numerous later 
 editions, to which he contributed " Step- 
 hanos" and "St. Timothy." He published 
 a volume of "Daily Prayers" and various 
 religious works. 
 
 Baker, James Andrew, organist and 
 composer, born Birmingham, November 8, 
 1824; died there November 17, 1863. He 
 studied at Leipzig, and was organist of St. 
 Luke's Church, Bristol Street, Birmingham, 
 from about 1849 to 1863. His wife was a well- 
 known and accomplished local singer. He 
 composed a few chants and hymn tunes. 
 
 Baldwin, W , author, published "The 
 
 Science of I\Iusic." London, 1829. 
 
 Balfe, Michael William, composer and 
 vocalist, burn in Pitt Street, Dublin, May 15, 
 1808. He studied under C. E. Horn, Rooke, 
 and Alex. Lee in Ireland. He accompanied 
 Horn to England, and became a violinist at> 
 Drury Lane, 1824. In 1825 he was adopted 
 by Count Mazzara, whom he accompanied to 
 Italy. He sang in Italy and in Paris in 1827, 
 and remained on the continent till 1835. 
 There he was married to j\Ille. Lina Rosen, a 
 Hungarian vocalist. In 1835 he sang in Lon- 
 don, and in 1839 he became manager of the 
 Lyceum Theatre. He conducted at H.M. 
 Theatre, 1845-52, and directed the National 
 Concerts at Drury Lane in 1850. In 1852 he 
 sang in Russia. From 1852 till his death he 
 was occupied chiefly as a composer. He died 
 at Rowney Abbey, Herts., October 20, 1870. 
 
 Works. — Operas: I Rivali di se Stessi, Pal- 
 ermo, 1829 ; Un Avertimento di Gelos^, Pavia, 
 1830; Enrico Quarto al passo della Marno, 
 Milan, 1831 ; Siege of Rochelle, London, 1836; 
 Maid of Artois, London, 1836 ; Catherine Grey, 
 London, 1837; Joan of Arc, London, 1837; 
 Diadeste, London, 1838; Falstaff, London, 
 1838; Keolanthe, London, 1841; Le Puits 
 d'Amour, Paris, 1843; Bohemian Girl, Lon- 
 don, November 27, 1843; Daughter of St. 
 Mark, London, 1844; Quatre Fils Aymon, 
 Paris, 1844; Enchantress, London, 1845; 
 L'Etoile de Seville, Paris, 1845; Bondman,. 
 London, 1846; The Devil's in it, London, 
 1847; Maid of honour, London, 1847; Sicilian 
 Bride, London, 1852 ; Pittore e Duca, London, 
 1856 [revived as the ' Painter of Antwerp,' 
 1881]; Rose of Castille, London, 1857; Satan- 
 ella, London, 1858; Bianca, London, 1860; 
 Puritan's daughter, London, 1861 ; Blanche 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 23 
 
 BALFE. 
 
 de Nevers, London, 1862 ; Armourer of Nantes, 
 London, 1863; Slee^^ing Queen, London, 1863 ; 
 II Talismano, London, June 11, 1874. Can- 
 tatas : Mazex^pa, London ; The Page, etc. Six 
 new songs and a duet (words by Longfellow), 
 
 1856. Moore's Irish melodies, harmonized 
 1859 (Novello). Part-songs: Eselsior; Hark! 
 'tis the hunter's jovial horn; Trust her not, 
 etc. Songs and ballads : Angels call me ; Annie 
 of Tharaw ; Arrow and the song ; As the sun- 
 shine to the flower ; Ah ! would that I could 
 love thee less ; Anabel Lee ; Bells ; Beneath a 
 portal ; Bridal Ballad ; Come into the garden, 
 Maud; Daybreak; Defence, not defiance; 
 Evening chime is sounding; Fortune at her 
 wheel ; Fresh as a rose ; Good-night, beloved ; 
 Green trees whispered ; Hidden voices ; I love 
 you ; Kathleen Machree ; Killarney ; Lady Hil- 
 dred ; Long ago ; Lonelj- Rose ; Maggie's Ran- 
 som; Maureen; Merry May; Nelly Gray; 
 Phoebe, the fair ; Sea hath its pearls ; Stars of 
 the summer night ; Spirit of light ; There is a 
 shadow ; Three fishers ; What does little birdie 
 say; and verj- many more. Trio for pf., violin, 
 and 'cello; Sonata pf. and 'cello; and other in- 
 strmiiental works. New universal method of 
 singing without the use of solfeggi, London. 
 The only opera of Balfe's which now survives 
 is the "Bohe:nian Girl," which continues to 
 draw good audiences wherever produced. 
 This opera and a few of his songs, "Killarney " 
 and "Come into the garden, Maud," are all 
 that have lived out of an immense number of 
 able productions. Two biographies of Balfe 
 have been pubUshed — "A Memoir of Michael 
 William Balfe," by Charles Lamb Kenney, 
 London, 1875; and "Balfe, his life and work," 
 by W. A. Barrett, London, 1882. 
 
 His wife, Lina Rosen (born in Hungary, 
 1806; died London, .June 11, 1888), was a sop- 
 rano vocalist of considerable abilitj'. 
 
 Balfe, Victoire, soprano vocalist, born 
 Paris, September 1, 1837. Daughter of M. W. 
 Balfe. She studied iinder W. Sterndale Ben- 
 nett, M. Garcia, and her father. On May 28, 
 
 1857, she first appeared as " Amina," in "La 
 Sonnambula." Afterwards she sang in Ire- 
 land and Italy, in the "Bohemian Girl," 
 "Don Giovanni," etc. She was married to 
 Sir John F. Crampton, but was divoi'ced, and 
 afterwards married to the Duke de Frias, a 
 Spanish nobleman. She died at Madrid, Jan- 
 uary 22, 1871. 
 
 Ball, Edward, see Fitzball, Edwaed. 
 
 Ball, William, author and adapter, born 
 1784 ; died London, May 14, 1869. He com- 
 posed a nunrber of songs, and wrote the verses 
 of many niore, and contributed much to the 
 musical and periodical literature of his time. 
 He wrote the English version of ]\Iendelssohn's 
 "St. Paul," and provided English versions for 
 a number of works by Rossini, Beethoven, 
 Mozart, Haydn, etc. 
 
 BAMBRIDGE. 
 
 Baly, William, conductor and composer, 
 born at Warwick, June 28, 1825. Studied at 
 first under Mr. Clayton, of Warwick, and 
 afterwards entered the R.A.M., 1843, where 
 his teachers were Sterndale Bennett, piano- 
 forte, and Cipriani Potter, harmony. Elected 
 first an Associate, then Fellow, R.A.M. Re- 
 sided for some years in London, and taught 
 harmony at the Harley Street College for 
 Ladies. In 1853 he settled in Exeter, taking 
 over the teaching connection of Mr. KeUow 
 Pye. He conducted the Exeter Oratorio So- 
 ciety's concerts for one year, and was con- 
 ductor of the Madrigal Society for fifteen 
 years, his last concert taking place May 29, 
 1884. On his retirement he received a hand- 
 some testimonial from the Society. He died 
 June 4, 1891. His compositions included a 
 Symphony in E fiat, produced at the Hanover 
 Square Rooms, July 10, 1847, and at the City 
 of London Institute, April, 1848 ; Two Concert 
 Overtures, "Macbeth" and "As you like it," 
 performed in 1848. These were all written while 
 a student at the R.A.M. He likewise composed 
 a Minuet for small orchestra ; a quartet in A for 
 strings, and pieces for pf. Some part-songs, 
 "Sweet and Low," &c., were performed in 
 1885-6, by the Exeter Madrigal Society. His 
 wife, nee Adelaide C. Byrn, who survives him, 
 is a pianist, and studied at the R.A.M. under 
 Cipriani Potter and G. A. Macfarren. She is 
 now living in retirement in Exeter. 
 
 Bambridge, George Edmund, organist 
 and pianist, born at Windsor, April 19, 1842. 
 Studied at R.A.RI. under Charles Lucas, G.A., 
 and Walter ftlacfarren, and Charles Steggall, 
 1860-65. A.R.A.M. In 1881 appointed professor 
 and examiner at Trinity College, London, and 
 is now Vice-Dean. Has been organist at St. 
 Luke's, Westbourne Park, since 1864, and is 
 widely known as a skilful pianoforte teacher. 
 His published compositions are not numerous, 
 and consist of an Evening Service in F, and 
 some pieces for the pf. 
 
 Bambridge, William Samuel, organist, 
 cousin of the preceding, born at the Waimate, 
 New Zealand, July 18, 1842. When six years 
 old came to England, and was, for a year, a 
 supernumery in the choir of St. George's, 
 Windsor. At the age of ten he was appointed 
 organist of Clewer Church. Studied at R.A.M. 
 under H. C. Banister, C. Steggall, W. Dorrell, 
 and W. H. Aylward. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1872. " F.R.C.O. and A.R.A.M. Since 
 1864, he has been organist and music master 
 of Marlborough College, Wilts. ; and is con- 
 ductor of the College and IMarlborough Choral 
 Societies. His principal composition is a set- 
 ting of Psalm 144, in ten movements; and he 
 has published Hymns, Carols and Songs. His 
 grandfather, George White Baiibridge was 
 an admirable flute-player, and considered in 
 his day, as second only to Charles Nicholson. 
 
24 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BAMPORD. 
 
 Bamford, H. A., musician. Wrote "The 
 Eudiments of the theory of Music, designed 
 for the use of pupil-teachers and students in 
 training colleges.'' IManchester, 1881. 
 
 Banestre or Banaster, Gilbert, musi- 
 cian and poet of latter part of 1.5tli century. 
 He received 40 marks in 1482 as " Tklaster of 
 the Song, assigned to teach the children of 
 the King's chapel." He contributed to the 
 Fairfax MS., and wrote various works and 
 translations in verse. 
 
 Banister, Charles William, composer 
 and teacher, born 1768, died 1831. He com- 
 posed " Twelve Psalm and Hymn Tunes," 
 London, 1792; "Four Moral Pieces," London 
 [1803] ; " Star of Bethlehem," song, etc. 
 His son, Henry Joshua, edited " Complete 
 edition of the Vocal Music of C. W. Banister," 
 London, 1881-33, in 21 numbers. 
 
 His son, Henry Joshua (born London, 
 1803 ; died London, 1847), was a violoncello 
 player and author, who performed at most of 
 the principal concerts in his day. He pub- 
 lished " Tutor's Assistant for the Violoncello," 
 N.D. ; One hundred and fifty Lessons for the 
 Violoncello," London [1846] ; also " Lessons 
 on Double-notes " and " Exercises on the use 
 of the thumb." He also wrote "Domestic 
 Music for the wealthy, or a plea for the art 
 and its professors," London [1843] . 
 
 Another son, Joseph (1812-1890), was a 
 violinist, and for many years was a member 
 of the Philharmonic Society. 
 
 Banister, Henry Charles, composer, 
 pianist, and writer on music, born in London, 
 June 13, 1831. Son of H. J. Banister (g. v.). 
 Studied, at first under his father, and later at 
 the R.A.M., where he won a King's Scholar- 
 ship in 1846, and again in 1848. Cipriani 
 Potter was the master he chiefly studied with. 
 In 1851 he became Assistant Professor, and in 
 1853 Professor of Harmony and Composition, 
 R.A.M., and is now F.R.A.M. As a singing 
 boy he was heard at concerts of the Glee 
 Clubs, and in 1846 he sang duets in " Judas 
 Maccabseus," with Miss Dolby and Miss 
 Sabilla Novello, at the Reading Festival of 
 1846 (vide Binfield). His string quartet in 
 F sharp niinor was produced by the Society 
 of British Musicians at Erat's Saloon, De- 
 ceniber 29, 1847 ; and he began concert giving 
 November 26, 1855, at St. Martin's HaU. For 
 many years a prominent figure in the musical 
 world, of late he has devoted himself chiefly 
 to tuition and to musical literature. Besides 
 his appointment at the R.A.]\I., he has been a 
 Professor at the Guildhall School of Music 
 since 1880, and is Professor of Harmony at the 
 Royal Normal College for the Blind. Mem- 
 ber of the Philharmonic Society. 
 
 Works. — In MS. : — Symphonies : No. 1, in 
 D (1847) ; No. 2. in E flat (1848) ; No. 8, in A 
 minor (1850) ; No. 4, in A (1858). Overtures : 
 
 BANKS. 
 
 No. 1, in E flat (1849) ; No. 2, " Cymbeline" 
 (1852) ; No. 3, in E minor (1852) ; No. 4, The 
 Serenade, in E ; No. 5, From Sorrow to Joy, 
 in B flat (1876). Andante and Rondo in E 
 flat (1852). Capriccio in A minor. Fantasia 
 in D (written for the Musical Society, 1863), 
 for jjf. and orchestra. String Quartets in P 
 sharp minor (1847) ; in D (1850) ; in E minor. 
 Sonatas for pf. duet, in G minor (1850) ; in 
 A flat ; in A minor ; for pf . solo, in E ; B 
 flat ; F sharp minor ; F minor ; and F sharp 
 minor. Sacred Cantata (1851). Cantatas for 
 female voices and orchestra: The Sea Fairies 
 (Tennyson — R. A.M., 1861); The Maiden's 
 Holiday, for female voices (composed for pri- 
 vate choir of Madame Bassano). Published 
 compositions. — Pf . pieces, Op. 2, 4 ; Seven 
 variations on an original air. Op. 5 ; Op. 6 ; 
 Sonata in F sharp minor, duet, produced 
 1852, Op. 7 ; Op. 9, 10, 11, 18, 14, 18, 22, 26, 
 27, 29 ; Andante, with variations, pf. duet, 
 Op. 31 ; Op. 84 ; Fantasia in F minor. Op. 35 
 (composed 1874) ; Canzonets, Op. 1, 8 ; Part- 
 song, Op. 8; Three songs. Op. 16; Anthem, 
 satisfy us early, Op. 25; Part-songs, songs, 
 etc. Literary and didactic, including lectures 
 delivered before the Royal NormalCollege, 
 The Musical Association, College of Organists, 
 and the Incorporated Society of Musicians 
 (Conferences), etc. Text-book of Music, Lon- 
 don, 1872, 14 editions ; Some Musical Ethics 
 and Analogies, London, 1884 ; Lectures on 
 Musical Analysis, 1887 ; Musical Art and Study, 
 1888 ; George Alexander jMacfarren : his life, 
 works, and influence London, Bell and Sons, 
 1892 ; Two addresses on the same subject : 
 Helpful papers for harmony students London, 
 Ryder, 1895 ; and many lectures unpublished. 
 
 Banister, John, composer and violinist, 
 born London, 1030. He was sent by Charles 
 11. to France, where he studied the violin, 
 and on his return became leader of the King's 
 band of music. He established a " Musick 
 School " at Whitefriars, and gave concerts 
 from 1672 till 1678. He was dismissed from 
 the King's band for maintaining that English 
 violinists were superior to French ones. He 
 died London, Octobers, 1679. Banister com- 
 posed music for Davenant's " Circe," 1667 
 (with P. Humphrej-) ; for Shakespeare's "Tem- 
 pest ;" and published " New Ayres and Dia- 
 logues com^josed for voices and viols of two, 
 three, and four parts," London, 1678 (with 
 Thomas Low). He also conaposed Lessons 
 for viols, songs, etc. 
 
 His son John (? — 1785) was also a violinist 
 and a member of the private bands of Charles 
 II., James II., and Anne. He was also prin- 
 cipal violinist at the Italian Oj^era, London. 
 Author of "The Gentleman's Tutor for the 
 Flute," . . . 1698, and " The Compleat Tutor 
 for the Violin, . . 1699, etc. 
 
 Banks, Ralph, musician and organist, 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 25 
 
 BANNATYNE. 
 
 bom Durham, 1762; died 1841. Pupil of 
 Ebdon, and organist of Rochester Cathedral 
 52 years. Published " Selection of Psalm 
 and Hymn Tunes from Purcell, Croft, etc., 
 with interludes to each verse." . . London 
 [1835]. " Te Deum, Jubilate, Sanctus, etc., 
 in score, Rochester [1840] . 
 
 Bannatyne, Rev. A. M., Scottish author. 
 Free Church minister in Aberdeen, published 
 " Hearts and voices the only organs for 
 Christian praises," Edinburgh, 1868. " The 
 Great Innovation," Aberdeen, n.d., a jDamph- 
 let on the organ question. 
 
 Banner, John, musician, published "Col- 
 lection of Sacred Music used at St. Michael's, 
 Wood Street, with an accompaniment for the 
 organ and pianoforte," London [1840]. Second 
 edition "with an additional hymn" by Miss 
 Mounsey. Songs, etc. 
 
 Bannister, Charles, bass vocalist, born 
 in Gloucestershire, 1741? He joined a travel- 
 ling theatrical company, and played " Romeo " 
 and other characters. He also appeard in 
 London as an actor. He sang at Ranelagh 
 and ]\Iarylebone Gardens, and at the Royalty 
 Theatre, London, and in the English \)vo- 
 vinces. He died London, October 19, 1804. 
 He was celebrated for his imitations of other 
 vocalists. Shield composed his song, "The 
 Wolf," specially for Bannister. 
 
 Bantock, Granville, composer, born in 
 London, August 7, 186S. Intended for the 
 Indian Civil Service, and then for a scientific 
 career. He did not enter upon serious musical 
 study until the year 1889, when he becaixie a 
 pupil of Dr. Gordon Saunders, at Trinity Col- 
 lege, London. He entered the R.A.M. the 
 same year, and obtained the Macfarren Scholar- 
 ship. While at the Academy he was very pro- 
 ductive as a coniposer, and several works were 
 performed at the Academy concerts. He was 
 engaged as conductor for a provincial tour of 
 the Gaiety Company, and also for an extended 
 tour in the United States of America and 
 Australia. In 1893 he undertook the editor- 
 ship of the new Quarterly Musical Review 
 .(R. Cocks). 
 
 Works. — Dramatic Cantata, The Fire Wor- 
 shippers (overture, R.A.M. , December 12, 1890, 
 Crystal Palace, November 11, 1893) ; Lyrical 
 Drama, in five acts, Rameses II (Ballet Suite, 
 R.A.M., December 17, 1891; Strolling Players, 
 April, 1892) ; one-act Opera, Caedmar (R.A.M., 
 July 12, 1892 ; Olympic Theatre, October 1892) ; 
 One-act Opera, The Pearl of Iran; The Curse 
 of Kehama, for soli, chorus, and orchestra; 
 Thorwenda's Dream, poem for recitation with 
 accompaniment (words and music by himself, 
 1891); Wulstan, scena for baritone (1892); 
 songs, etc. Pianoforte album (three pieces) ; 
 Two pieces for pf., etc. 
 
 Baptie, David, composer and writer, born 
 in Edinburgh, November 30, 1822. Self-taught 
 
 BARDD. 
 
 in music. He has compiled a Descriptive 
 Catalogue (commenced about 1846) of upwards 
 of 23,000 secular part-songs, glees, madrigals, 
 trios, quartets, etc. (ms.). Editor of Har- 
 monium Tune Book (with William Hume), 
 1867-68; Harmonium Chant Book (do.), 1868- 
 69 ; Union Song Garland (do.), 1874 ; The Scot- 
 tish Book of Praise (with Lambeth), 1876; 
 Academy Vocalist (selected), 1879; Richard 
 Werner's Hymn Book (revised), 1881, etc. 
 Author of A Handbook of Musical Biography, 
 London : Morley, 1883 ; Musicians of All Times, 
 a concise dictionary of Musical Biography, 
 London, Curwen, 1889; Musical Scotland, 
 X^ast and present, Paisley, Parlane, 1894 ; 
 Sketches of the English Glee Composers, 
 London, W. Reeves, 1895. He is the com- 
 poser of My soul truly waiteth; Sing aloud 
 unto God, and other anthems ; a number of 
 Glees and Part-songs ; A rosy gift I twine for 
 thee; Beautiful Spring; The sun's bright orb; 
 Wind thy horn, my hunter boy, etc. Also 
 many songs harmonized. His son, Charles 
 Robertson Baptie, born in Glasgow, May 29, 
 1870, is a pianist and composer. Chorister in 
 St. Mary's Episcopal Church, and from 1885 
 employed in the Mitchell Library, until, in 
 1888, he left to devote himself to the musical 
 profession. Studied under John Fulcher, W. 
 G. Martin, and William Moodie. Has pub- 
 lished a children's operetta, "Floralia," and 
 some part-songs and pf. pieces; and was joint 
 editor, with his father, of a work for children, 
 "Tiny songs for Tiny Singers" (1891). 
 
 Barber, Abraham, musician, published a 
 "Book of Psalm Tunes, in four parts," 1686; 
 7th edition, 1715. He was a book-seller in 
 Wakefield. 
 
 Barber, Robert, musician, of Castleton, 
 published various collections of psalmody. A 
 Book of Psalmody, containing variety of tunes, 
 with chanting tunes, etc., London, 1723; 2nd 
 edition, 1733. The Psalm Singer's Choice 
 Companion, or a plain and easy introduction 
 to Musick, etc., London, 1727. David's Harp 
 well tuned, or a book of Psalmody, containing 
 variety of psalm tunes, etc., London, 1753, 
 3rd edition. Thomson's Hymn to the Seasons, 
 in score. Op. 4 [1780] . Some of these collec- 
 tions are issued as by R. and J. Barber. 
 
 Barber, Thomas, musician, pubhshed 
 "Sacred Harmony, containing two anthems, 
 fifteen psalm and hymn tunes, etc." Wood- 
 bridge [1814]. 
 
 Barcrofte, Thomas, composer and or- 
 ganist, who flourished during the 16th cen- 
 tury. He was organist of Ely Cathedral in 
 1535. Some of his Anthems, and a Te deum, 
 and Benedictus in F, are contained in the 
 Tudway collection in the British Museum. 
 His son George was organist of Ely Cathe- 
 dral from 1579, and died in 1610. 
 
 Bardd Alaw, see Parry, John, 
 
26 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BARDY. 
 
 Bardy Brenin, sec Jones, Edward. 
 
 Barham, Thomas Foster, musician and 
 writer, born at Bedford, October 8, 1766, died 
 at Leskinnick, near Penzance, February 25, 
 1844. He wrote on theological topics ; sacred 
 dramas and poems ; and Musical meditations, 
 consisting of original compositions, vocal and 
 instrumental, London, 1811; and edited and 
 arranged Pergolesi's Stabat Mater, with Eng- 
 lish words (1829). 
 
 Barker, Qeorge Arthur, composer and 
 tenor singer, was born on April 15, 1812. He 
 sang in opera in London and the provinces, 
 and gave concerts in various parts of the 
 country. He died at Aylstone, near Leicester, 
 March 2, 1876. 
 
 Works. — Ballad Album, twelve books, Lon- 
 don [1853] . Songs of the army and navy 
 [1855] , issued in numbers. Single songs and 
 ballads: Aline O'Neal; Dublin Bay; Ellen 
 Astore; Emigrant's bride ; Emigrant's child; 
 Excelsior; Fare thee well, my gentle Mary; 
 Irish emigrant ("I'm sitting by the stile," 
 words by Lady Dufferin), London [1846]; 
 Irish peasant; Kate Connor; Lesson of the 
 Water mill ; Mabel Gray ; Mary ! avourneen ; 
 Mary Blane [1846]; Mountain Flower; My 
 native mountain home ; My skiff is on the 
 shore ; Nellie and I ; Return of the emigrant ; 
 'Sands of gold; Scottish blue bells ("Let the 
 proud Indian boast ") ; Song of the silent land ; 
 Take back the ivy leaf; White squall [1835]; 
 Wreck of the emigrant ship, etc. Why do 
 summer roses fade ? quartet ; waltzes for pf . 
 and other instrumental music. 
 
 Barker is best remembered by his three 
 songs, " Irish emigrant," " Scottish blue 
 bells," and " White squall," which alone sur- 
 vive out of the large number he composed. 
 
 Barker, Laura W., see Taylor, Mrs. Tom. 
 
 Barnard, Mrs. Charles, (6orw Charlotte 
 Alington), "Claribel," amateur song-wri- 
 ter, born December 23, 1830; married Mr. 
 Charles C. Barnard, 1854. She studied music 
 under W. H. Holmes. She died at Dover, 
 January 30, 1869. 
 
 Works. — Songs : All along the valley ; 
 Answer to the dream ; Bell's whisper ; Blind 
 Alice ; Blue Ribbon ; Broken Sixpence ; The 
 Brook ; By the blue Alsatian mountains ; 
 Children's voices ; Come back to Erin ; Do 
 you remember ? ; Dreamland ; Drifting ; Pare- 
 well to Erin ; Far away in bonnie Scotland ; 
 Five o'clock in the morning; Friends for ever ; 
 Friendship and love ; Golden days ; Half-mast 
 high; Hussar's parting; I cannot sing the old 
 songs ; I leaned out of the window ; I remem- 
 ber it ; Jamie ; Janet's bridal ; Janet's choice ; 
 Kathleen's answer; The life-boat; Lowland 
 Mary ; Maggie's secret ; Maggie's welcome ; My 
 brilliant and I ; Norah's treasure ; Old house 
 on the hill ; Only a year ago ; Out at sea ; Rid- 
 ing thro' the iSroom; Sailor Boy; Susan's 
 
 BARNBY. 
 
 story; Tell it not; Through the Jessamine; 
 Walter's wooing; When I was young and fair; 
 Won't you tell me why, Robin ; Vocal duets, 
 trios, quartets. Pianoforte pieces, etc. 
 Thoughts, verses, and songs, 1877. Of the 
 songs composed by Mrs. Barnard, under the 
 name of Claribel, only a few survive. 
 
 Barnard, Rev. John, divine, published a 
 "Book of Psalms, together with Fifty Tunes 
 to sing them, neatly engraved on copper- 
 j)lates." 1727, "A New version of the Psalms 
 of David, fitted to the Tunes used in the 
 Churches." Boston (U.S.A.), 1752. 
 
 Barnard, Rev. John, divine, who lived 
 during the 16th and 17th centuries. He was 
 Miiaor-canon of St. Paul's Cathedral in the 
 time of Charles I. 
 
 Barnard is famed as having been the first to 
 issue a collection of Cathedral music. His 
 collection of " Cathedral Music " appeared in 
 1641, and contains services, anthems, etc., by 
 Tallis, Gibbons, Mundy (W.), Parsons, Bird, 
 Morley, Tye, Bull, etc. The only perfect copy 
 of this work is contained in the library of 
 Hereford Cathedral. Its title is, "The First 
 Book of Selected Church Music, consisting of 
 Services and Anthems, such as are now used 
 in the cathedral and collegiate churches of 
 this kingdom ; never before printed, whereby 
 such Books as were heretofore, with much 
 difficulty and charges, transcribed for the 
 use of the Quire, are now, to the saving 
 of much Labour and Expense, published for 
 the general good of all such as shall desire 
 them either for public or private exercise. 
 Collected out of divers approved Authors, by 
 J. B." London, 1641. 
 
 Barnby, Sir Joseph, Kt., composer and 
 conductor, born in York, August 12, 1838. 
 Chorister in York Minster at age of seven; 
 began teaching when ten ; was an organist at 
 twelve ; and music master at a school when 
 fourteen. At the age of sixteen he went 
 to London, and entered the R.A.M., living 
 with his brother Robert (q-v.), a vicar-choral 
 of Westminster Abbey. Soon after his ap- 
 pointment as organist of Mitcham Parish 
 Church, he was called back to York, whei-e he 
 remained four years. Then he was organist 
 at St. Michael's, Queenhithe; St. James the 
 Less, Westminster ; and, in 1863, was appointed 
 to St. Andrew's, Wells Street. There it was 
 he acquired and exercised the influence that 
 was to work such develox3ments in the Choral 
 Services of the Church. At the Dedication 
 Festival (St. Andrew's Day) of 1866, his adap- 
 tation of Gou.nod's Messe Solennelle (St. 
 Cecilia) was performed, and the harp in- 
 troduced. He conducted a performance of 
 Bach's Passion-Music (St. Matthew) at West- 
 minster Abbey, Maunday Thursday (Aj^ril 6) 
 1871, with full chorus and orchestra — a memo- 
 rable event in the history of church music in 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL RIOGEAPHY. 
 
 27 
 
 BARNBY. 
 
 this country; and, in 1873, he introduced, at 
 St. Anne's, Soho, where he was then director 
 of the music, the St. John Passion of the same 
 master. He resigned his po.sition at St. An- 
 drew's in 1871, and that of St. Anne's in 1886. 
 "Mr. Joseph Barnby's Choir' was formed in 
 1867, the first rehearsal talking place in the 
 Lower Exeter Hall, February 17, and the first 
 concert given in St. James' Hall, May 23. 
 From 1869 the performances were given under 
 the title, " The Oratorio Concerts," and 
 great works were revived, notably, Handel's 
 "Jephtha" (February 5, 1869); Beethoven's 
 Mass in D (March 9, 1870) ; and Bach's " Mat- 
 thew Passion" (April 6, 1870). At the end of 
 1872, this choir was amalgamated with that 
 hitherto conducted by M. Goiuiod; and, as 
 the Royal Albert Hall Choral Society, com- 
 menced giving concerts February 12, 1873. 
 Wagner's " Parsifal " was produced, in concert 
 form, by this Society, November 10, 1884. 
 Barnby conducted the London Musical So- 
 ciety, 1878-86, and produced Dvorak's Stabat 
 Mater, March 10, 1883; he was also con- 
 ductor, 1886-8, of the R.A.M. Concerts. In 
 1875 he was appointed Precentor of Eton Col- 
 lege, an office he resigned in 1892, on his elec- 
 tion as Principal of the Guildhall School of 
 Music. For fifteen years, to 1876, he was 
 musical adviser to the firm of Novello, Ewer, 
 and Co. In November, 1882, he conducted 
 the annual performance of the "Messiah," by 
 the Royal Society of Musicians; the perform- 
 ance of Dvorak's "Spectre's Bride" at the 
 Leeds Festival of 1892 ; conducted the Cardiff 
 Festivals, 1892 and 1895; a Halle Concert, 
 Manchester, November 14, 1895. Was a Fel- 
 low of R.A.IM., Member of the Philharmonic 
 Society, and, in 1887, was elected Hon. ]\Iem- 
 ber of Tonic Sol-fa College. In 1892 he re- 
 ceived the honour of Knighthood from the 
 Queen. To the grief of the whole musical 
 world, his career, in the midst of its activi- 
 ties, was suddenly cut short by his death at 
 London, on January 28, 1896. 
 
 Works. — Rebekah, a Sacred Idyll, produced 
 at the Oratorio Concerts, May 11, and at the 
 Hereford Festival, August 23, 1870; Ps. 97, 
 The Lord is King, Leeds Festival, 1883. Ser- 
 vice in E (Morning, Communion, and Even- 
 ing, composed at the age of seventeen) ; Mag- 
 nificat and Nunc Dimittis in E flat, for voices, 
 orchestra, and organ, for the Festival of the 
 Sons of the Clergy, St. Paul's Cathedral, May 
 18, 1881 ; Services, Preces, Offertory Sentences, 
 etc. Forty-six Anthems, including the Motet, 
 King All Glorious, for soli, six-part chorus, 
 orchestra, and organ. 250 Hymn Tunes, of 
 which a complete edition is in preparation 
 (1896) ; Glad Christmastide, and other carols ; 
 Sweet and low ; It was a lover and his lass 
 (Norwich Festival, 1884) ; The haven, and 
 other part-songs. Eton songs (A. C. Ainger). 
 
 BARNES 
 
 Songs ; How fades the light ; My golden ship ; 
 When the tide comes in, and others. Trios 
 for female voices. Pieces for organ. IMusical 
 editor of The Hynmary (Novello, n.d.). Music 
 revised for "The Home and School Hymnal" 
 (Edinburgh, Constable). Posthumous pub- 
 lications : Anthems, Sing to the Lord ; Lamb 
 of God. Part-songs, The Kiss; In laudem 
 Amoris (1896). 
 
 Barnby, Robert, alto singer, born in 
 York, 1821. The brother referred to in the 
 preceding notice. He was appointed a lay 
 vicar of Westminster Abbey about 1845, and 
 a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal in 1847, on 
 the death of Enoch Hawkins. These posi- 
 tions he retained until his death, June 1, 
 1875. Another member of the family was 
 Henry Barnby, born 1826, who was for 
 twenty-eight years a lay clerk of St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor. He was considered one of 
 the finest basses of his time, his voice being 
 rich in quality, and of remarkable compass. 
 He sang at the Hereford Festivals, 1852 and 
 1855 ; at the Birmingham Festival Choral 
 Society's "Messiah" Concert, December 26, 
 1856 ; in the quartets in " Elijah," at the 
 Birmingham Festival, 1858 ; and was well 
 known as an oratorio singer. He died at 
 Slough, April 2, 1885. Sidney Barnby, alto, 
 was elected assistant Vicar Choral of St. 
 Paul's Cathedral, in 1873, a position he still 
 retains. 
 
 Barnes, Edwin, organist and teacher of 
 music, born in the parish of St. Pancras, 
 London, June 8, 1833. Educated as chorister 
 at King's College, London ; studied pf . under 
 Dr. W. Rea, organ and theory under J. L. 
 Brownsmith. For many years professor of 
 music at the London Society for teaching the 
 Blind, where he has done much excellent 
 work. Member of the Philharmonic Society. 
 Organist successively of Hornsey Parish 
 Church ; St. George the Martyr, Bloomsbury ; 
 and, since 1862, of Holy Trinity Church, Pad- 
 dington. Was assistant organist to the Sacred 
 Harmonic Society, and Conductor of the Dover 
 Choral Society, 1856-58. His compositions in- 
 clude an anthem, songs, and pf. pieces. 
 
 Barnes, Frederick Edwin Lucy, or- 
 ganist and composer, son of the above, was 
 born in London, in 1858. He studied under 
 Helmore in the Chapel Royal, and at R.A.M. 
 from 1872. Organist successively of All 
 Saints', Norfolk Square, London, 1872 ; St. 
 Margaret's, Princess Square, Liverpool, 1876 ; 
 Montreal Cathedral, 1878-9 ; Trinity Church, 
 New Y'ork (assistant). He was conductor 
 of the Montreal Philharmonic Society, and 
 was married to Miss Leonora Braham in 1878. 
 He died at Montreal, September 21, 1880. 
 
 Works. — Opera : Libretto by Mrs. G. L. 
 Craik (ms.) Operetta for German Reed Com- 
 pany. Twenty-thi rd Psalm for soli , chorus, and 
 
28 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY 
 
 BARNETT. 
 
 orchestra. Songs : But you know already ; May 
 soug ; Mitlier ; Path through the snow ; Sun 
 and Spring. Various pieces for organ and 
 Pianoforte. 
 
 Barnett, Alice, see under Poole, Madame. 
 
 Barnett, Emma, pianist, sister of John 
 Francis Barnett, and daughter of Joseph 
 Alfred Barnett, professor of singing, was born 
 in London. Studied entirely under her bro- 
 ther, and made her debut at the Crystal 
 Palace Saturday Concerts, February 28, 1874, 
 playing Beethoven's Pianoforte Concerto in 
 G. December 1st of the same year she played 
 J. F. Barnett's Pianoforte Concerto in D 
 minor at the Royal Albert Hall Concerts. 
 She gave her first recital at St. George's Hall, 
 June 13, 1877, and her first appearance at the 
 Monday Popular Concerts, St. James's Hall, 
 took place January 28, 1882. Since that time 
 she has given many pianoforte recitals in 
 London and the provinces, introducing the 
 Sonata in E, the series of pieces, " Home 
 Scenes," and other of her brother's works to 
 public notice. Her compositions are chiefly 
 for the pianoforte, but include a few songs. 
 Only the Gavotte in A is as yet published. 
 
 Barnett, John, composer, was born at 
 Bedford, July 15, 1802, son of Bernhard Beer, 
 a Prussian watchmaker, who settled in Eng- 
 land and changed his name to Barnett. He 
 was articled to S. J. Arnold, proprietor of the 
 Lyceum Theatre, and studied under C. E. 
 Horn, Price, and Ries. Married Miss Lindley, 
 daughter of the violoncello player, 1837. 
 Studied Vogler's system of harmony at Frank- 
 fort, under Schnyder von Wartensee, and 
 returned to London in 1838. He opened St. 
 James's Theatre for English opera in 1839. 
 Retired to Cheltenham, where he established 
 himself as a vocal teacher, in 1841. Resided 
 in Leipzig and in Italy for a short time, 
 superintending the education of his children. 
 Died near Cheltenham, April 17, 1890. 
 
 Works. — Operettas and Operas : Before 
 Breakfast, Musical Farce, written by Richard 
 Peake, Lyceum, 1828; Music in Miss Mit- 
 ford's Rienzi, Drury Lane, 1828 ; Monsieur 
 Mallet, operetta, written by Thomas Mon- 
 crieff, Adelphi Theatre, 1828 ; Two Seconds, 
 operetta, written by R. Peake, Lyceum, 1829 ; 
 Carnival of Naples, opera, Covent Garden, 
 1830 ; Robert the Devil, musical drama, Co- 
 vent Garden, 1830 ; The Picturesque, operetta, 
 written by Thomas Haynes Bayley. Lyceum, 
 1830 ; Baron Trenck, operetta, written by T. 
 Morton, sen., destroyed in the fire at Covent 
 Garden Theatre, 1830; Country Quarters, 
 musical farce, Covent Garden, 1831 ; Court of 
 Queen's Bench, operetta, Olympic Theatre 
 (Vestris), 1832 ; Paphian Bower operetta, 
 written by Blanche and C. Dance, Olympic 
 Theatre, December, 1832 ; Harlequin Pat, 
 operetta, Covent Garden, 1832 ; Married 
 
 BARNETT. 
 
 Lovers, musical farce, Lyceum, 1832 ; Promo- 
 tion, musical farce, Lyceum, 1833 ; Pet of the 
 Petticoats, operetta, Sadler's Wells, August, 
 
 1832 ; Win Her and Wear Her, opera, Drury 
 Lane, December, 1839 ; Soldier's Widow, mii- 
 sical drama, written by E. Fitzball, liinglish 
 Opera Company, Adelphi, 1838 ; Two songs 
 and a march in Nell Gwynne, Covent Garden, 
 
 1833 ; Song in Planch6's Charles the Twelfth, 
 Drury Lane, 1833 ; Deuce is in her, operetta, 
 1833 ; Olympic Revels, 1833 ; Blanche of Jer- 
 sey, 1834 ; Mountain Sylph, opera, written by 
 Thackwray, Lyceum, August 25, 1834 ; Fair 
 Rosamond, opera, written by C. Z. Barnett, 
 Drury Lane, March 30, 1837 ; Farinelli, opera, 
 written by C. Z. Barnett, Drury Lane, Feb- 
 ruary 8, 183-7 ; Kathleen opera (never pro- 
 duced), composed in 1840 ; Marie, opera, 
 coinposed in 1845 (unfinishedl. Oratorios : 
 Omnipresence of the Deity, published in 1829 
 (never performed) ; Daniel, unfinished, com- 
 posed in 1841. A Mass. A Symphony, unfin- 
 ished, composed in 1840. Two string quartets, 
 MS., conaposed in 1840. Spare Moments, three 
 sketches for concertina [1859] . Part-songs: 
 Twelve Part-songs, niostly x^ublished in 1870 ; 
 Chamber Madrigals, London, 1861 : It is sum- 
 mer it is summer ; Bend down from thy chariot ; 
 Haste not ; Farewell to the Flowers ; Tic-tac 
 of the mill ; Dear peaceful valley ; Evening 
 drum ; Merrily, merrily sounds the horn ; In 
 the merry greenwood ; Wrong not, sweet 
 mistress (madrigal) ; Chamois Hunter ; O 
 Lord, our governor. Duets . Set of six vocal 
 duets [1845] ; A smile, a tear ; A spring song ; 
 Come where the flowers are blooming ; Dear 
 maid, my heart is thine ; Down in the dell ; 
 The Gleaner's Bell ; Good night ; The Hun- 
 garian to his bride ; I'll follow thee ; Moon- 
 light, music, love, and flowers: My gondola 
 glides ; No inore, no more ; Oh ! give to me ; 
 Oh ! 'tis sweet to meet again ; Spring ; The 
 twilight hour ; There's not a breeze ; When at 
 night ; Where are the mountains ; Wilt thou 
 tempt the wave ? Songs : Amusement for 
 leisure hours — seven songs and one duet 
 [1835J ; Songs of the Minstrels [1830]. 
 Dreams of a Persian maiden [1842] ; Twelve 
 Russian Melodies, with words by Harry Stoe 
 van Dyk [1822] ; Songs of the Slavonians, 
 containing Bohemian popular airs, with words 
 by John Bowring, London, 1824 ; Twenty-four 
 songs in imitation of the music of various 
 nations, with words by Van Dyk, Leon Lee, 
 and Mayhew, 1824 ; Twelve Songs from Fairy 
 Land, written by Thomas Haynes Bayley, 
 1827 ; Lyric Illustrations of the IModern 
 Poets, 1834, reprinted in 1877 ; Adieu to thee 
 fair Rhine ; Ask me no more ; A day-dream ; 
 Banks of Broomsgrove ; Break, break, l^reak ; 
 Bride's farewell ; Chase the falling tear ; 
 Clansman's bride ; Come to me, thou gentle 
 child ; Dear Napoli ; Days of Chivalry ; Days 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 29 
 
 BAKNETT. 
 
 that ne'er retiirn ; Flower of my life ; Fill up 
 the wine cup ; Flowers of summer; Gc, thou 
 art free ; Highlander's bride ; Her heart is 
 mine ; Highland soldier ; Highland minstrel 
 boy ; Hark, the fairy bells ; Hope for the 
 best ; Here's a health to merry England ; The 
 Holly ; Hark, hark to the sound ; I have been 
 to the woods ; Is the reign of fancy over ? 
 Knight of the golden crest ; Light guitar ; 
 Light of heart am I ; Lord, I believe ; List to 
 my wild guitar ; My home beside the Quadal- 
 quiver ; Minstrel's lament ; Mermaid's song ; 
 Maid of Athens ; My native land, good night ; 
 Maiden of Sicily ; Now the lamp of day has 
 fled ; Normandy maid ; Rock me to sleep ; 
 Hose of Lucerne, 1823 ; Rise, gentle moon ; 
 Swiss shepherd ; Sing, nightingale, sing ; 
 Sailor boy's song ; Spirit of love ; There sits a 
 lovely maid ; The opal ring ; The ship ; Ves- 
 per hour ; Up to the Forest ; Village bells ; 
 Young moss rose ; Year's last hours. Systems 
 and Singing Masters, a Comment upon the 
 Wilhem System, and remarks upon Mr. J. 
 Hullah's Manual, London, 1842, also, 1877. 
 School for the Voice, a theoretical and practi- 
 cal treatise, London [1845] ; since reprinted 
 several times. 
 
 Barnett's Mountain Syl^^h was the first 
 English Opera cast in the dramatic form 
 followed by Weber and other masters. It 
 was very popular on its original production 
 in 1834, and had a run of over 100 nights. Of 
 the immense number of songs and other vocal 
 pieces puljlished by Barnett, amounting in all 
 to nearly 2000 items, only a few are known to 
 the present generation of musicians. His 
 eldest daughter married Mr. Robert E. Fran- 
 cillon, the well-known novelist. 
 
 Barnett, John Francis, pianist and 
 composer, born in London, October 16, 1887 ; 
 son of Joseph Alfred Barnett. His first piano- 
 forte teacher was his mother. In 1849 he was 
 placed under Dr. Wylde, and in 1850 he won 
 a King's Scholarship at the R.A.M., and was 
 re-elected in 1852. He appeared for the first 
 tinre in public at the New Philharmonic Con- 
 cert, June 29, 1853, playing the solo part in 
 Mendelssohn's Pianoforte Concerto in D 
 joiinor. In 1856 he went to Leipzig, and 
 studied at the Conservatorium, under Haupt- 
 mann, Rietz, Plaidy, and Moscheles. He 
 played at the Gewandhai;s concerts, March 22, 
 1800, the D minor concerto of Mendelssohn. 
 At his reappearance in London, New Philhar- 
 monic, April 16, 1860, he was heard in Beet- 
 hoven's Concerto in E flat ; and at the Phil- 
 harmonic Concert, June 10, 1861, in that 
 composer's Concerto in C minor. He was 
 afterwards associated with Dr. Wylde as a 
 teacher of the pianoforte in the London 
 Academy of ]\Iusic. In 1883, was appointed 
 a Professor R.A.M., and is F.R.A.M. and 
 Member of the Philharmonic Society. Was 
 
 BARNETT. 
 
 for a time conductor of the Berkshire Musical 
 Society ; and conducted a Philharmonic con- 
 cert, April 23, 1884. First came into notice as 
 a composer by a Symphony produced by the 
 Musical Society of London, 1864 ; and receiv- 
 ing a commission for the Birmiughanr Festival 
 of 1807, he soon attained a prominent position 
 among the younger English composers. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : The Ancient Mariner 
 (Birmingham Festival, 1867) ; Paradise and 
 the Peri (the same, 1870) ; The Raising of 
 Lazarus (Oratorio, New Philharmonic, June 
 18, 1873 ; Hereford Festival, 1876) ; The Good 
 Shepherd (Brighton Festival, 1876) ; The 
 Building of the ship (Leeds Festival, 1880) ; 
 Ode, The triumph of labour (Crystal Palace, 
 August, 1888) ; The wishing bell. Cantata for 
 female voices (Norwich Festival, 1893). Part- 
 songs ; Songs, The Harp of Life ; The Golden 
 Gate, etc. Orchestral : Symphony in A minor 
 (1864) ; Symphonic Overture in E (Philhar- 
 monic, 1868) ; Overture, A Winter's tale 
 (British Orchestral Society, February 6, 1873) ; 
 Suite, The lay of the last minstrel (Liverpool 
 Festival, 1874) ; Symphonic Poem, The Har- 
 vest Festival (Norwich Festival, 1881 ; and 
 revised as a Pastoral Suite, Philharmonic, 
 May 31, 1888) ; Concerto in D minor, pf. and 
 orchestra ; The Ebbing tide ; Liebeslied, and 
 other smaller works for orchestra. Chamber 
 Music : Quintet in G minor ; Quartet in D 
 minor, strings ; Trio in C minor, pf. and 
 strings ; Sonata in G minor. Op. 41, pf. and 
 flute ; in E minor, pf. and violin. Pianoforte 
 solo : Sonata in E minor, Op. 45 ; Three Im- 
 promptus ; Home scenes, nine pieces ; Seven 
 characteristic studies ; and a large number of 
 shorter pieces, elegant in style and widely 
 popular. Offertoire in G and other organ 
 pieces. 
 
 Barnett, J. Maughan, pianist and or- 
 ganist. For some years resident at Tunbridge 
 Wells, where he held several organ appoint- 
 ments, and annually gave concerts. Delicate 
 health caused him, in 1889. to leave England 
 for New Zealand, where he soon established a 
 reputation as a brilliant pianist and organist, 
 giving performances also in Tasmania. He 
 holds the office of conductor of the Wellington 
 Musical Society, N.Z. He has written some 
 pieces for pianoforte. 
 
 Barnett, Joseph Alfred, tenor vocalist 
 and teacher of singing, brother of John Bar- 
 nett, was born in London. Early in life he 
 was articled to Mr. Reeve of the Olympic 
 Theatre, and appeared as a juvenile vocahst. 
 Afterwards he sang as a tenor vocalist, in 
 London and the provinces, but gradually he 
 retired from public life, and devoted himself 
 to voice training. He married a daughter of 
 William Hudson, the artist, and had a large 
 family, among whom may be named John 
 Francis and Emma, who are separately no- 
 
30 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BARNETT. 
 
 ticed. He was for many years principal tenor 
 at the Church cf the Spanish Embassy, and 
 choirmaster of Warwick Street Cliurch, and 
 St. Aloysius, Somers Town, London. Pro- 
 fessor of Singing at the London Academy of 
 Music, and teaclier in many large schools. 
 Composer of " Domini Salvum," quartet and 
 chorus ; " Ave Maria," quartet ; " Exaudi 
 Deus," tenor solo ; many duets, songs, and 
 other vocal music. 
 
 Barnett, Neville George, organist and 
 musical critic, born in London, March 3, 
 1854. Pupil of R. Limpus, E. J. Hopkins, 
 and E. H. Turpin. F.R.O.O., 1873. Ap- 
 pointed organist and choirmaster St. Philiij's 
 Arlington Square, in 1872. Subsequently, he 
 went to New Zealand, where he held several 
 appointments, but he finally settled in Sydney, 
 New South Wales. He was organist of St. 
 Mary's Cathedral (Roman Catholic) ; Musical 
 Director at the Jewish Synagogue, and in- 
 structor at the Blind Institution. For blind 
 students he invented a type-writer, enabling 
 them to write according to the Braille system. 
 When he went to Sydney he was appointed 
 musical critic of the Sydney Mornhig Herald, 
 then of the Eveyiing Neios, and lastly, of the 
 Sydney Daily Telegraph. He composed an 
 Opera, " Pomare," on a Tahitan legend, which 
 was performed at Auckland ; a Mass, organ 
 pieces, part-songs, etc. He also wrote some 
 treatises on music, his last work, " The Art 
 Theory of Harmony (dedicated to Sir George 
 Grove), is still in MS. He died at Picton, 
 N.S.W., September 26, 1895. 
 
 Barnett, Robert, pianist and composer, 
 was born at Macclesfield, in 1818. He studied 
 at the R. A.M., and in 1840 was appointed a pro- 
 fessor of the pf. there. In 1842 he appeared as 
 a pianist at the Quartet Concerts, Hanover 
 Square Rooms, and in 1850 at the Society of 
 British Musicians. He was elected an Associ- 
 ate of the Pliilharmonic Society in 1843. Died 
 at Slough, Windsor, November, 1875. 
 
 Works. — Pianists' Companion, London, 
 1857 (issued in parts). Sonatas, rondos, and 
 airs for pianoforte, 1842 (selected). Useful 
 scale practice for the pianoforte, 1843. Rondo 
 grazioso and rondoletto scherzando for pf. 
 Edited Pianoforte works by IMozart, Pleyel, 
 and Dussek. 
 
 His eldest son Domenico, born in London, 
 August 25, 1846. Studied at Leipzig Con- 
 servatorium under Moscheles, E. P. Richter, 
 Reinecke, and others. Principal professor of 
 pianoforte at the Ladies' College, Cheltenham. 
 Has composed some music for pf., but nothing 
 is published hitherto. 
 
 Barnhill, James, Scottish author, who 
 graduated M.A., at Glasgow University. He 
 published " The Statics of Harmony, with an 
 appendix on anticipations, suspensions, and 
 transitions, illustrated by examples from the 
 
 BARRETT. 
 
 great masters," London, 1865. Reprinted from 
 the Choir. Hepublished various other works. 
 
 Barr, James, musician, was born at 
 Tarbolton, Ayr, in 1781. Employed by J. 
 Steplien, music-publisher, Wilson Street, 
 Glasgow, 1812, and was a music teacher in 
 Glasgow. He resided in Canada as farmer, 
 1832-1855. The " blithe Jamie Barr, frae St. 
 Barchan's toun," of Tannahill. Composer of 
 a few melodies, of which " Thou bonnie wood 
 o' Craigielea (words by Tannahill) is well 
 known. He died at Govau, February 24, 
 ]860, and is buried at Kilbarchan. 
 
 Barr, Samuel, composer and writer, was 
 born at Glasgow, in 1807. Self-taught in 
 music. Ho was a teacher in Glasgow, and 
 precentor in Dr. Wardlaw's (Independent) 
 Church. Professor of Music in the Mechanics' 
 Institute, Glasgow. Died, Glasgow, May 16, 
 1866. 
 
 Works. — The Theory and Practice of Har- 
 mony and Composition, London, 1861 ; Art 
 of Singing at sight simplified, Glasgow, 1847 
 and 1859; Anthems; Psalms. Songs: Hur- 
 rah! for the Highlands; The warning; The 
 land for me ; Tlie bridal gem ; Naebody kens 
 ye. Part-songs ; Miscellaneous writings. 
 
 Barr was well known in Glasgow and the 
 West of Scotland as a teacher of merit, and 
 is generally supposed to have introduced class 
 music teaching into the West of Scotland. 
 
 Barraclough, Isaac, musician, of Shef- 
 field. Published " Sacred music, consisting 
 of Psalm and Hymn tunes . . . for four 
 voices, with an accompaniment for the organ 
 or pianoforte," London [1836]. "Sacred 
 music, consisting of original psalm and hymn 
 tunes . . ," Sheffield [1847]. 
 
 Barratt, John, organist, born near Hud- 
 dersfield, January 11, 1848. Received his 
 musical training at York Minster. Graduated 
 Mus. B., Oxford, 1877. Organist of Paisley 
 Abbey, the Clark Town Hall, and Conductor 
 of Paisley Select Choir. Has published an- 
 thems, hymn-tunes, etc. His son, William 
 Augustus Barratt, born 1874, was a scholar 
 of the R.C.M. He first came into notice by 
 his setting of " Sir Patrick Spens," for bari- 
 tone solo, chorus, and orchestra, produced at 
 Edinburgh, December 1894. A cantata, " The 
 Death of CuthuUin," was brought out in that 
 city, December 1895. He has also published 
 an Album of ten songs (Paterson), etc. 
 
 Barrett. The name of a family honour- 
 ably distinguished in church music in Bristol. 
 The father. Slater Barrett, was in the choir 
 of Bristol Cathedral for nearly sixty years.' 
 John Barrett, the elder son, born at Bristol, 
 1812, was a chorister in the Cathedral, and 
 for many years organist of St. Augustine's 
 Church, and also at the Blind Asylum, the 
 choir of which he raised to a high standard 
 of excellence. He was one of the founders 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 31 
 
 BARRETT. 
 
 of the Bristol Madrigal Society (1837), and 
 for some time, until his last illness, was a 
 Vice-President. He died June 24, 1886. His 
 brother, George Barrett, was born at Bris- 
 tol, March 16, 1814:. Chorister in the Cathed- 
 ral, and in January, 1839, appointed organist 
 of Holy Trinity Church, Hotwells, an office 
 he held for fifty-two years. Was also a 
 founder of the Ma irigal Society, and the last 
 surviving original member, and a Vice-Presi- 
 dent from 1880. He died T»Iarch 5, 1891, a 
 tablet in Holy Trinity Church commemorat- 
 ing his long and faithful service as organist. 
 
 Barrett, John, organist and composer, 
 born in 1674. Pupil of Dr. Blow. Music 
 teacher at Christ's Hospital [1710]. Organist 
 at Church of St. Mary at Hill, 1710. He died 
 at London, 1735 [1738]. 
 
 Works. — Music for Love's Last Shift, 1696; 
 Tunbridge Wells, 1703; Mary, Quet n of Scots, 
 1703; Custom of the Manor [1715]; Wife of 
 Bath. Songs: Celinda; Cruel charmer, do not 
 grieve me; Fine lady's airs; Gloriana is en- 
 gaging fair; Happy fair; In the pleasant 
 month of May; Liberia's all my thought; 
 Love is now become a trade; Pilgrim; Three 
 goddessses, etc. 
 
 Barrett, John, organist, born at Bristol, 
 March 31, 1837. Chorister at the Cathedral, 
 1844, and in 1853 articled for five years to J. 
 D. Corfe, Cathedral Organist. After that time 
 he was assistant organist at the Cathedral for 
 two years, while holding the post of organist 
 and choirmaster successively at All Saints', 
 Bristol, and at Bedminsi;er Parish Church. 
 In 1878 he resigned the latter appointment, 
 having been elected to Christ Church, Clif- 
 ton, a post he still retains. He has been, 
 since 1883, conductor of the Bristol Church 
 Choral Union, which holds its annual festi- 
 val in the Cathedral. He has also formed a 
 special choir, which has produced Schubert's 
 Mass in E flat, and other important works 
 for the first time in Bristol. A zealous worker 
 for the Incorporated Society of Musicians, 
 as Hon. Sec. for the Western Section, he has 
 made it one of the most flourishing of any. 
 It was the first to form a special library of 
 music, which out of compliment to him, was 
 named the Barrett Library. 
 
 Barrett, William Alexander, writer, 
 vocalist, and organist, born at Hackney, Lou- 
 don, October 15, 1836, son of an architect. 
 Chorister at St. Paul's Cathedral, 1846-49, 
 and pupil of George Cooper, W. Bayley (one 
 of the lay-vicars), and John Goss, for com- 
 position. First sang in public at a concert 
 given by J. B. Stansell, at St. Philip's Schools, 
 Stepney, November, 1847. When his voice 
 changed he took to drawing on wood, and in 
 1854. illustrated Holt's "Chronicle of the 
 Crimean War," and an edition of Shakes- 
 peare. From 1855 to '57 he was engaged in 
 
 BARRETT. 
 
 journalistic work on the Morning Chronicle, 
 book reviewing; and translating stories and 
 poems for different publishers. Appointed 
 principal alto at St. Andrew's, Wells Street, 
 in 1858; and in 1861, lay-vicar, Magdalen Col- 
 lege, Oxford. He was also organist at St. 
 John's, Cowley, Oxford, 1863-66. Sub-editor 
 and illustrator of the Penni/ Post, Oxford, 
 1861-67. Graduated Mus. b', Oxford, 1871. 
 Apijointed assistant vicar choral, St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, 1867; vicar choral, 1876. He wrote 
 his first musical criticisms while at Oxford, 
 which appeared in the Oxford Times, 1864-66. 
 On his return to London he was offered the 
 post of musical critic on the Morniiig Post 
 (1869), which he retained till his death. He 
 also wrote for the Whiteliall Revieio and the 
 Globe (1874-75). W'as editor of the Monthly 
 Musical Record {IQll) ; the ■Jrchestra {18SI); 
 and the Musical Times from 1887. Other ap- 
 pointments were. Assistant Examiner in Mu- 
 sic with Dr. John Huljah, 1873; Examiner to 
 the Society of Arts, and to the Council of 
 Military Education, 1883. Mr. Barrett was 
 elected Fellow of the College of Organists, 
 1871; and Fellow of the Royal Society of 
 Literature ; Lecturer to the City of London 
 College and London Institution ; Mus. D., 
 Trinity College, Toronto; and, in 1888, ap- 
 pointed by the Prince of Wales Grand Organ- 
 ist of the United Grand Lodge of Freemasons, 
 in succession to Sir Arthur Sullivan. It was 
 at Walworth, in 1856, that, with a discourse 
 on the " History of the Gipsies," he began his 
 career as a lecturer, his extensive knowledge 
 enabling him to deal with a great variety of 
 topics. Some of these lectures have been pub- 
 lished. In the midst of an active life he was 
 attacked by apoplexy, and to the great loss of 
 the world of music, died October 17, 1891. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, Christ before Pilate 
 (MS.); Anthems; Lladrigals : On a mossy 
 bank (eight voices. Bristol Madrigal Society, 
 1839). Cynthia. Literary: Flowers and fes- 
 tivals, or directions for the floral decorations 
 of churches, 1868 ; The Chorister's Guide 
 (1872?); Dictionary of musical terms (with 
 Dr. Stainer), 1875; Etymons of musical terms 
 (1876) ; English glee and madrigal writers, 
 London, 1877; Introduction to form and in- 
 strumentation for beginners in composition, 
 1879; English church composers ("Great 
 Musicians" series), London, Sampson Low, 
 1882 ; Balfe, his life and work, London, Rem- 
 ington, 1882; Editor of English folk songs; 
 Standard English songs (Novello), etc. 
 
 Barrett, William Lewis, flutist, born 
 in London, January 4, 1847. His father was 
 a violinist, and his mother came off a well- 
 known musical family in Merionethshire. 
 Taken to Wales when an infant, he spent his 
 early years there, and when seven years of 
 age commenced to play the violin, which he 
 
32 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BARRINGTON. 
 
 afterwards changed for the flute. Destined 
 for a commercial career, he only took up 
 music as a profession after the death of his 
 father. Studied the flute under R. S. Rock- 
 strn, and harmony under W. Castell. His 
 firsi work was deputising for Mr. John Rad- 
 cliff, and he was soon engaged by Costa as 
 second flute and piccolo at Her Majesty's 
 Opera, where afterwards, for many years, he 
 was principal flute. Similar appointments 
 were also held at the Royal Italian Opera 
 (five years), the Carl Rosa London season 
 (seven years) ; and he has been engaged for 
 Birmingham, Leeds, and Three Choirs Festi- 
 vals, the chief orchestral concerts, and is now 
 principal flute of the Philharmonic Society, 
 and Professor at the R.C.M. He toured with 
 Madame Albani in Canada and the United 
 States, and has also appeared, with success, 
 on the continent. He has published Flute 
 Studies; solo and important passages; Ro- 
 mance and Tarentella, etc. 
 
 Barrington, Hon. Daines, English writer 
 on Law, IMusic, and Natural History, was born 
 at London, 1727. Judge on Welsh Circuit, 
 1757. Second Justice at Chester. Retired from 
 the Law and resided in the Temple. He died 
 March 11, 1800. 
 
 Barrington wrote a standard work on the 
 Statutes, a work on the possibility of reaching 
 the North Pole, and several papers dealing 
 with Crotch, the Wesleys, Morniugton, and 
 Mozart. See his "Miscellanies," 1781, and 
 the Philosoi3hical Transactions, 1780. Also 
 author of "Experiments and Observations on 
 the Singing of Birds," London, 1773. 
 
 Barrington, Rutland, George Rutland 
 Fleet, actor and vocalist. First appeared on 
 the stage at the Olympic Theatre ; then toured 
 for some years with Howard Paul. In 1 877, he 
 was engaged for the Opera Comique Company, 
 and made his debut as the Vicar, in " The 
 Sorcerer," on its production, November 17, 
 1877 ; and has since taken part in most of the 
 Gilbert and Sullivan Operas, his Pooh Bah, 
 in the " Mikado," being one of his most re- 
 markable assumptions. In 1888, he turned 
 theatrical manager, opening the St. James's 
 Theatre in October; but the enterprise did not 
 prosper, and he gave it up the January follow- 
 ing. Since then he has re-appeaied at the 
 Savoy Theatre, his latest character being Lud- 
 wig in " The Grand Duke " (March, 1896). 
 
 Barrow, J., musician of 18th century. 
 Published "Book of Psalmody . . . ," 1730 
 and 1751. " Psalm-singer's choice companion, 
 or an imitation of heaven on earth, the beauty 
 of Holiness, being a compleat composition of 
 Church musick, containing variety of tunes 
 for all the common metres of the Psalms . . . 
 with a new and compleat introduction to the 
 skill of musick. To which is added an alpha- 
 betical dictionary . . ." n.d. 
 
 BARRY. 
 
 Barrow, Thomas, composer and alto 
 singsr of the latter half of the 18th century. 
 He was a choirister and gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal, and sang in Handel's Oratorios. 
 He died on August 13, 1789. He composed 
 some Church music, chants, etc. 
 
 Barry, Charles Ainslie, composer, or- 
 ganist and writer, born in Loudon, June 10, 
 1830, Educated at Rugby, and Trinity Col- 
 lege, Cambridge. While at Cambridge he 
 studied music with Professor T. A. Wa'misley. 
 Graduated B.A. and M.A. By his father's 
 wish he studied for the ministry, and passed 
 the voluntary Theological Examination at 
 Cambridge ; but music became his ultimate 
 choice. At the Cologne Conservatorium he 
 studied under F. Weber, E. Frank, and F. 
 Hiller ; at Leipzig, with Moscheles and E. F. 
 Richter (1856-7) ; and during his residence 
 at Dresden received valuable hints from Carl 
 Reissiger. Returned to London, 1858, and 
 held an appointment as organist and choir- 
 master at the Forest School, Leytonstone 
 Hill, 1860 ; but a year earlier began to devote 
 his attention chiefly to musical and literary 
 composition. Under the initials " C.A.B." 
 he has contributed many articles to the 
 Guardi in, Monthly Musical Record, Musical 
 World, Athenceum, and The Mcister ; and to 
 the Analytical programme books of the Crystal 
 Palace, Philharmonic, Bache, Richter, and 
 Birmingham Festival Concerts, etc. He was 
 secretary to the Liszt ScholarshijD Fund, 1886, 
 and is widely known as a cultured musician 
 with sympathetic leanings to the advanced 
 modern school of composition. 
 
 Works. — yrnpliony, for orchestra ; Two 
 Overtures ; INIarcli (Festival March, played 
 at the Crystal Palace Concerts, 1862) ; String 
 Quartet ; Cantatas, sacred and secular, all in 
 MS. Choral Hymns for four voices ; The 
 story of the Resurrection, a cycle of Hymns ; 
 The Christmas story, ditto ; Tunes in Hymns 
 Ancient and ]Modern and the New Mitre 
 Hymnal, etc. Six Songs with English and 
 German words ; Four Songs (C. Kingsley) ; 
 Two Songs (Tennyson) ; Elizabeth's Songs 
 from The' Saint's Tragedy (Kingsley); and 
 many others. 0, holy night, five-part song. 
 Theme with variations, pf . duet ; A Birthday 
 March ; Barcarolle ; Tarantella ; Menuetto 
 grazioso, and other pf. pieces. Transcriptions, 
 Overture, Beatrice and Benedict, Berlioz, 
 pf. duet ; Andante, from Tschaikowsky's 
 Quartet in D, pf. solo ; Pf. score of Te 
 Deum, Berlioz. Editor of The Child's Book 
 of Praise (Masters), etc. 
 
 Barry, William Vipond, pianist, com- 
 poser, and writer, born at Bandon, March, 
 1827. Appeared in Belfast as pianist, 1846, 
 and founded the Belfast Classical Harmonist 
 Society. He resided for a time in the Pot- 
 teries, England. He studied under Liszt, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 33 
 
 BAETHELEMON. 
 
 and was M.A. and Ph. D. of Gottingen Uni- 
 versity honoris causi. Organist of the Cathe- 
 dral, Port of Spain, Trinadad, and died there 
 March 13, 1872. He composed music for the 
 pianoforte, and wrote a work entitled " Disser- 
 tation on the Emotional Nature of Musical 
 Art, and its Media of Operation," London, 
 1863. His son, Widliam H. Barry, born at 
 Belfast, April, 1858, is a composer and concert 
 giver in Dublin. 
 
 Barthelemon, Mrs., see Young, Mary. 
 
 Bartholomew, Ann Sheppard, born 
 MouNSEY, composer, organist and pianist, 
 born in London, April 17, 1811. Became a 
 pupil of Logier in 1817, and came under the 
 notice of Spohr when he visited Logier's iii- 
 stitution in 1820, her harmonising of a melody 
 being printed in his Autobiography (English 
 ed., Vol. IL, p. 100). She afterwards studied 
 under Samuel Wesley and Thomas Attwood, 
 and in 1828 was appointed organist at Clap- 
 ton. The next year she went to St. Michael's, 
 Wood Street, and in 1837 to St. Vedast's, 
 Foster Lane, a post she held for nearly fifty 
 years. Associate of the Philharmonic Society, 
 1884 ; Member Royal Society of Musicians, 
 1839. In 1843 she began giving series of 
 Classical Sacred Concerts at Crosby Hall, 
 which were continued until 1848. The first 
 concert took place November 22, 1843, and at 
 that given January 8, 1845, Mendelssohn's 
 " Hear my Prayer " (composed for these con- 
 certs) was performed for the first time. Miss 
 Rainforth singing the solo part. Several of 
 Mendelssohn's smaller pieces were first intro- 
 duced at these concerts. Miss Mounsey was 
 married to ]Mr. W. Bartholomew, April 28, 
 1853. Her artistic career was long and dis- 
 tinguished. She was a fuie executant, par- 
 ticularly upon the organ. The earliest of her 
 known compositions, a ballad, " IMary, meet 
 me there," was published in 1832 ; and she 
 issued a set of hymn tunes as late as 1883. 
 She was the possessor of the original MS. of 
 " Hear my Prayer," which she presented to 
 the South Kensington Museum in 1871 ; and 
 of the pianoforte score of " Elijah." The last 
 few years of her life she passed in retirement, 
 and died in London, June 24, 1891. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, The Nativity, produced 
 at St. Martin's Hall (Hullah Concerts) Jan- 
 uary 17, 1855 ; Sacred Cantata, Supplication 
 and Thanksgiving, dedicated to H.R.H. the 
 Princess of Wales, 1864 ; Sacred Harmony, 
 Hymns, &c. ; Hymns of Prayer and Praise, 
 (both edited and composed in conjunction 
 with her sister, Elizabeth Moimsey) ; Thirty- 
 four original tunes set to favourite hymns 
 (1883), and other sacred pieces. Six songs, 
 composed for the Royal Society of Female 
 Musicians (1845) ; Six songs of remembrance ; 
 many detached songs, &c. Six duets in canon 
 (1836) ; Six four-part songs, Op. 87 ; A wreath 
 o 
 
 BARTON. 
 
 for Christmas, &c. Prelude and gigue, and 
 other pieces for pianoforte. Organ music, 
 &c. Notes, and unpublished letters of Men- 
 delssohn, contributed to Lady Wallace's trans- 
 lation of Elise Polko's " Reminiscences of 
 Mendelssohn." 
 
 BarthoIomew.William, scientist, writer, 
 and violinist, was born in London in 1793. 
 Married to Miss Ann S. Mounsey, April 28, 
 1853. Chiefly known as the adapter of the 
 librettos of Mendelssohn's works. Died in 
 London, August 18, 1867. 
 
 Works. — Toy songs for children, written 
 and adapted to pleasing melodies . . London 
 [1849] . English version of the words of 
 Mendelssohn's Antigone, Athalie, ^dipus, 
 Lauda Sion, Walpurgisnacht, Loreley, EUjah, 
 Christus ; Spohr's Jessonda ; Costa's Eli and 
 Naaman ; Bartholomew's The Nativity, etc. 
 
 Mr. Bartholomew is best known for his 
 connection with Mendelssohn, with whom 
 his intercourse was friendly and intimate. 
 Mr. Bartholomew wrote many hymns of con- 
 siderable merit, in addition to the works 
 named above. 
 
 Bartleman, James, bass vocalist, was 
 born at Westminster, on September 19, 1769. 
 He studied under Dr. B. Cooke. Bass chor- 
 ister at the Ancient Music Concerts, 1788-91. 
 Principal bass at the Vocal Concerts, 1791, 
 and at the Concert of Ancient Music, 1795. 
 He died in London, April 15, 1821. This 
 vocalist revived, and by his magnificent per- 
 formance, created an interest in the music of 
 Henry Purcell which lived for many years. 
 
 Bartlett, John, composer, born in latter 
 half of the 16th century. He composed a 
 " Booke of Ayres, with a Triplicitie of Musicke, 
 whereof the first part is for the lute or or- 
 pharion, and the viole de Gamba, and four 
 parts to sing; the second part is for two 
 trebles to sing to the lute and viole ; the third 
 part is for the lute and one voyce, and the 
 viole de Gamba," London, 1606. Bartlett 
 was a Bachelor of Music, Oxford, in 1610, but 
 his biography is unknown. 
 
 Bartolozzi, Josephine, see Anderson, 
 Josephine. 
 
 Bartolozzi, Lucia E., see Vestris, 
 Lucia E. 
 
 Barton, William, musician, was born 
 about 1598. He was vicar of Mayfield, Staf- 
 fordshire, and afterwards vicar of St. Martin's, 
 Leicester. He died at Leicester, May, 1678, 
 aged 80. He published the "Book of Psalms 
 in metre, close and proper to the Hebrew, 
 smoth and pleasant for the metre ; plain and 
 easie for the tune, with musicall notes, argu- 
 ments, annotations, and index. Pitted for 
 the ready use and understanding of all good 
 Christians ..." London, 1644, 2nd edition, 
 1645 ; also 1646, 1651, 1654, 1682, 1692, Dub- 
 lin, 1706. etc. 
 
34 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 BASSANTIN. 
 
 Bassantin, James, astronomer and math- 
 ematician, was born in Berwickshire in the 
 reign of James IV. of Scotland. He studied 
 at Glasgow and Paris, and passed his life in 
 scientific pursuits on his estate of Bassendean. 
 He died in 1568. His works are " Astronomia 
 Jacobi Bassantini Scoti, opus absolutissimum 
 . . . ," Geneva, 1599; several minor works on 
 raathematics, and " IMusica secundum Plato- 
 nem," published about 1560. It was issued in 
 French and Latin, but is of no practical value, 
 being simply an abstract-work on music on 
 the principles of the Platonists. 
 
 Bate, Mrs. J. D., musician. Compiler 
 of "The North India Tune-Book, containing 
 Bhajans and Ghazals, with native tunes." 
 London, 1886. 
 
 Bates, Frank, organist and composer, born 
 at March, Cambridge, in 1856. Musical train- 
 ing private. After acting for a short time as 
 assistant organist at the Parish Church, Leam- 
 ington, he was appointed, in 1874, to St. 
 Baldred's, North Berwick. While there, he 
 graduated Mus. Bac, Dublin, 1880; his Doc- 
 tor's Degree being conferred in July, 1884. 
 He was organist at St. John's, Edinburgh, 
 from 1882 to 1885, at the end of which time 
 he received the appointment of organist of 
 Norwich Cathedral. In 1888 he instituted 
 Musical Services for the people, with special 
 choir, and has been actively engaged as tea- 
 cher of music in Norwich, where he resides. 
 
 His compositions include an Oratorio, Sam- 
 uel (Dublin, 1884) ; a setting of Ps. 67, both 
 in MS. He has published a Morning and 
 Evening Service in B fiat, an Evening Ser- 
 vice in G ; God is our hope ; I will sing ; Hear 
 my Prayer, and other anthems. 
 
 Bates, George, organist and composer, 
 was born on July 6, 1802. In 1839 he became 
 organist of Ripon Cathedral, a post he re- 
 tained till his death at Ripon, on January 24, 
 1881. He composed " Sacred Music ... in 
 full score for voices with an accompaniment 
 for the organ or pianoforte." London, [1857] . 
 Hymns, etc. 
 
 Bates, Joah, musician, and one of the 
 founders of the Handel Commemoration, was 
 born at Halifax in March, 1749. Instructed in 
 music by Hartley, organist at Rochdale ; and 
 R. Wainwright, organist, of Manchester. He 
 resided for a time at Eton and Cambridge, and 
 became private secretary to the Earl of 
 Sandwich. In 1767 he graduated M.A. at 
 Cambridge, and in 1776 he was apiDointed 
 Commissioner of the Victualling Office. He 
 established the Concert of Ancient Music, 
 1776, and acted as conductor till 1793. Found- 
 ed Handel Commemoration (with Sir W. W. 
 Wynn and Viscount Fitzwilliam), 1783. He 
 died in London, June 8, 1799. 
 
 The "Handel Commemoration " with which 
 Bates is chiefly identified was, in its time, a 
 
 BATES. 
 
 much talked of enterprise. No such gather 
 ing of a large body of musicians had ever 
 before taken place, and the extensive arrange- 
 ments undertaken in connection with it caused 
 sufficient stir to assure its success. The vocal- 
 ists who held the principle parts on the occa- 
 sion of the first public performance were — 
 ]\Iiss Cantelo, Miss Abrams, Mdlle Mara, Miss 
 Harwood, Signors Bartolini and Tasca ; and 
 Messrs. Harrison, Dyne, Champness, Bellamy, 
 Corfe, Norris, Knyvett, Clerk, Reinhold, and 
 Matthieson. Bates conducted, and the festi- 
 val took enormously. The first performance 
 was in Westminster Abbey, on May 26, 
 1784. Second and third performances were 
 given on May 27 and 29. The programme 
 included "The Messiah," The Dettingen Te 
 Deum, a Coronation Anthem, and miscellane- 
 ous selections from Handel's works. 
 
 As regards Bates it can be said that he was 
 a famous conductor, and in every respect a 
 musician of great knowledge and administra- 
 tive ability. He did not compose anything so 
 far as we can learn, but appears to be widely 
 known among musicians of every grade during 
 his lifetime. He is somewhat roughly handled 
 by the Scotch poet, A. Macdonald, in "Moni- 
 tory Madrigals to Musical Amateurs," Nos. 3 
 and 4, contained in his Miscellaneous Works, 
 1791. He was married to Saeah Harrop, a 
 soprano vocalist, who is noticed under her 
 own name. , 
 
 Bates, John W., compiler of " The 
 Sacred Lyre, containing original psalm and 
 hymn tunes . . ." London [1841]. 
 
 Bates, T. C, author of a " Complete 
 Preceptor for the flageolet," London [1840]; 
 and " Complete Preceptor for the violin," 
 London [1845]. 
 
 Bates, William, composer of the 18th cen- 
 tury, who flourished between 1720 and 1790. 
 He was connected with the Marylebone and 
 Vauxhall Gardens, for which he composed 
 much vocal music. In 1760 he acted as sing- 
 ing master to Ann Cateley, the vocalist, and in 
 1763 he was prosecuted andfined for trying to 
 dispose of or sell the person of his pupil for im- 
 moral purposes to Sir Francis Blake Delavel. 
 He died, probably in London, about 1790. 
 
 Works. — Operas and Musical Dramas — 
 Flora, or Hob in the well ; Pharmaces, an 
 English opera altered from the Italian ; The 
 Theatrical candidates, a prelude [] 788] ; The 
 Ladies frolick (with T. A. Arne), 1770. Songs— 
 Collection of songs sung at Vauxhall, Lon- 
 don, 1771, also 1776 ; Songs sung at the 
 Grotto Gardens, 1771 ; The buck's motto ; 
 The butterfly ; Ye famed and witty one, etc. 
 Various glees and catches. Six sonatas for 
 two violins, with a thorough bass for the harp- 
 sichord or violoncello, London [1750] . Eigh- 
 teen duettinos for two guitars, two French 
 horns or two clarinetts, London [1780] . 
 
BFJTISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 35 
 
 BATESON. 
 
 Bateson, Thomas, composer and or- 
 ganist, was born in the latter half of the 
 the 16th century. Organist of Chester Cathe- 
 dral, 1599. Resided in Ireland for many 
 years, from 1608. Organist and vicar choral 
 of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, 1608. 
 Mus. Bac, Dublin. (The first on whom the 
 degree was conferred by the University). 
 The date of his death is unknown. 
 
 Works. — First set of madrigals, 1601 (re- 
 printed by the Musical Antiquarian Society 
 in 1846) ; Second set of madrigals, 1618 ; 
 Two madrigals in the Triumphs of Oriaua. 
 
 Bathe, William, Irish Jesuit and writer, 
 was born in Dublin, 1564. Studied at Lou- 
 vain and Padua, and became rector of the 
 Irish College of Salamanca. He died Madrid, 
 June 17th, 1614. Author of " A brief intro- 
 duction to the true arte of musicke, wherein 
 are set down exact and easie rules for such as 
 seeke to know the trueth, with arguments and 
 there solutions, for such as seeke also to 
 know the reason of the trueth : with rules be 
 means whereby any by his own Industrie 
 may shortly, easily, and regularly attaine to 
 all such things as to the arte doe belong : to 
 which otherwise any can hardly attaine with- 
 out tedious difficult practice, by means of the 
 irregular order now used in teaching ; lately 
 set forth by William Bathe, student at Oxen- 
 ford." London, 1584. Another edition was 
 issued under the title of " A briefe introduc- 
 tion to the skill of song, concerning the 
 practice set forth by William Bathe, gent." 
 London [1590]. 
 
 Batson, Rev. Arthur Wellesley, com- 
 poser. Mus. B., Oxford, 1878. Appointed 
 Precentor, St. Anne's, Soho, 1888, and con- 
 ducted Lenten performance of Bach's " St. 
 John" Passion music in February of that year. 
 Composer of a sacred cantata, "The Vineyard;" 
 music to Fletcher's pastoral, " The Faithful 
 shepherdess ;" comic operetta, " The burglar 
 and the bishop." Has also published an- 
 thems, services, madrigals, songs, etc. 
 
 Batten, Adrian, composer and organist, 
 was born in latter portion of 16th century 
 [1585—90]. He studied under Holmes, of 
 Winchester Cathedral. Became vicar-choral 
 of Westminster Abbev, 1614, and vicar-choral 
 of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1624. Organist, St. 
 Paul's Cathedral, 1624. He died about the 
 middle of the 17th century [1637] . 
 
 Works. — Anthems— 'Rea.v my prayer ; 
 praise the Lord; Deliver lis, Lord (in 
 Boyce's Cathedral music) ; Te Deum, Bene- 
 dictus. Jubilate, Kyrie, etc., in D (Novello) ; 
 Thirty-four anthems (words only — Clifford) ; 
 Twenty-four anthems in Barnard's Cathedral 
 music. 
 
 Battishill, Jonathan, coniposer and or- 
 ganist, was born in London in IMay, 1738. 
 Son of Jonathan Battishill, solicitor, and 
 
 BAYLEY. 
 
 Mary Leverton, his wife. He became a chor- 
 ister in St. Paul's Cathedral under W. Savage, 
 1748. He became deputy organist, under 
 Boyce, of the Chapel Royal. Conductor and 
 accompanist at Covent Garden Theatre. Mar- 
 ried to Miss Davies (the original "Madge" in 
 "Love in a Village"), 1763. Organist of 
 united parishes of S. Clement, Eastcheap and 
 S. Martin, Orgar, 1764. Organist of Christ 
 Church, Newgate Street, 1767. Resigned post 
 at Covent Garden. Devoted himself to teach- 
 ing and composition. Presented with gold 
 medal by the Nobleman's Catch-club, 1771. 
 On the death of his wife in 1777, he lost taste 
 for music and became addicted to drink. He 
 died at Islington, December 10, 1801, and was 
 buried in St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 
 Works. — Almena, an opera (with M. Arne), 
 Drury Lane, 1764 : The Rites of Hecate, a 
 musical entertainment, 1764. Anthems : Be- 
 hold, how good and joyful ; Call to remem- 
 brance : I will magnify Thee, God ; Lord, 
 look down from heaven ; Six anthems and 
 ten chants, edited by Page, 1804 (with memoir 
 bj' Dr. Busby, and portrait) ; Twelve hymns, 
 the words by the Rev. Charles Wesley .... 
 London [1765] . Glees : Amidst the myrtles ; 
 Again my mournful sighs ; Here rests his head 
 [1805] ; Kate, of Aberdeen ; Come, bind my 
 hair. A collection of songs for three and four 
 voices, London [1783] 2 books ; Collection of 
 catches. Songs : Collection of favourite songs 
 sung at the publick gardens and theatres 
 [1761] ; At eve with the woodlark I rest ; 
 Charms of Silvia ; Gay Damon ; Kind request ; 
 Shepherd and shepherdess ; The Wish. Select 
 pieces for the organ or pianoforte, contain- 
 ing an overture and nine pieces selected from 
 original MSS. by John Page. London [1805] . 
 
 Battye, James, composer and teacher, 
 was born at Huddersfield in 1803, and died 
 there on October 10, 1858. He published 
 " Twelve glees for four and five voices, with 
 pianoforte accompaniment." London [1854J; 
 " My soul truly waiteth," Gresham prize an- 
 them, 1845 ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Baumer, Henry, composer and teacher, 
 born about 1835. Head master of Watford 
 School of Music ; retired in 1886. He died at 
 Watford, Herts. July 29, 1888. He composed 
 the "Triumph of Labour," a cantata, 1875; 
 Part-songs ; and many single songs ; String 
 quartet ; Three sketches for pf., etc. 
 
 Baxter, Rev. J. A., clergyman and musi- 
 cian, published "Harmonia Sacra, a collection 
 of introductory sentences, chants, responses, 
 doxologies, with 200 psalm and hymn tunes, 
 arranged for four voices and pf. or organ. 
 Revised by Vincent Novello." London, 1840. 
 
 Bayley, William, organist and composer, 
 was born in [1810] . Vicar-choral St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, and master of the choristers in 
 succession to Hawes. Organist of St. John's, 
 
86 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BAYLY. 
 
 Horsleydown, Southwark. He died at Lon- 
 don, November 8, 1858. He composed many 
 songs and other vocal pieces, and published 
 "The Paneuphonon: a selection of the most 
 popular tunes, with chants for one or four 
 voices . . ." N.D. 
 
 Bayly, Rev. Anselm, writer and divine, 
 born 1719. He matriculated at Exeter Col- 
 lege, Oxford, 1740. Lay-vicar at Westminster 
 Abbey, 1741. Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 
 1741. Priest do., 1744. B.C.L., 1749. D.C.L., 
 Oxford, 1764. Sub-dean of Chapel Royal, 
 1764. He died in 1792. 
 
 Works. — Practical Treatise on Singing and 
 Playing with just expression and real elegance, 
 London, 1771 ; The Alliance of Musick, Poetry, 
 and Oratory, 1789; The Sacred Singer, con- 
 taining an Essay on Grammar, the requisites 
 of singing cathedral compositions, etc., Lon- 
 don, 1771. Collection of Anthems used in His 
 Majesty's Chapel Royal, and most cathedral 
 churches in England and Ireland, 1769. Ser- 
 mons, etc. , 
 
 Bayly, Barre Dalton, violinist, born at 
 St. Heliers, Jersey, 1850. Youngest son of 
 the late Captain Edgar Bayly, H.M. 12th 
 Regiment, and his wife, daughter of Lord 
 Charles B. Kerr, second son of the fifth Lord 
 Lothian. Pupil of M. Currie de Hauteville 
 and Ludwig Straus. Some time violinist at 
 the Grand Opera House and Steinway Hall, 
 New York. Leader of the orchestra, Exeter 
 Oratorio Society, 1870-1895 ; principal violin 
 at important concerts at Barnstaple (Easter 
 Musical Festivals), and soloist at concerts in 
 London, &c., and a successful teacher. 
 
 Bayly, Thomas Haynes, lyrical poet and 
 composer, born at Bath, October 13, 1797 ; 
 died London, April 22, 1839. He composed 
 the music for a large number of his own 
 ballads, such as The bower, the Carrier dove. 
 The Circassian, The Deserter, Fly away pretty 
 moth, &c., but most of his more popular 
 songs were set by Bishop, Knight, Lee, Loder, 
 and others. 
 
 Baynham, Thomas, published a " Col- 
 lection of psalm and hymn tunes, single and 
 double chants . . . ," London, 1860. He 
 also composed some pianoforte music. 
 
 Beale, Charles James, organist and 
 composer, born in 1819. He was organist of 
 St. Paul's, Covent Garden, London, for several 
 years. Died at London, March 19, 1882. 
 Composer of a " Laudate Dominum" and 
 other church and vocal music. 
 
 Beale, George Galloway, organist, born 
 in London, 1868. Chorister, Marlborough 
 College ; pupil of Dr. J. F. Bridge ; Mus. Bac, 
 Durham, 1891 ; F.R.C.O. ; Organist and as- 
 sistant master, St. John's School, Leather- 
 head, 1887-9 ; Organist, St. John's, Padding- 
 ton, 1890-3, and Conductor of the Paddington 
 Choral and Orchestral Association ; in 1894, 
 
 BEALE. 
 
 appointed Organist and Choirmaster of Llan- 
 daif Cathedral. 
 
 Beale, John, composer and pianist, was 
 born in London, about 1776. Pupil of J. B. 
 Cramer, and member of Philharmonic Society, 
 1820. He was a professor of i^ianoforte at the 
 R.A.M., and a teacher in London. He also 
 directed the music at the Argyle Rooms. 
 Died after 18.30. 
 
 WoEKS. — Lyrical specimens of German and 
 French composers, adapted to English poetry 
 written and selected by L. S. Costello, Lon- 
 don [1822] . Songs : The kiss dear maid ; 
 Crusader's return ; Russian maiden's song, 
 etc. Rondo for pianoforte, Op. 2 ; Forty- 
 seven preludes . . . for the pianoforte [1827] . 
 Complete Guide to the art of playing the 
 German flute, London [1820] . 
 
 Beale, Thomas Willert (Walter May- 
 nard), born in London, 1828, son of Frederick 
 Beale, of the firm of Cramer, Beale, and 
 Addison. Studied under Edward Roeckel> 
 G. F. Flowers, and Pugni. Was one of the 
 founders of the New Philharmonic Society, 
 but did not adopt music as a profession, being 
 called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1863. Be- 
 sides the works mentioned below, he contri- 
 buted many articles to different magazines. 
 He died at Gipsy Hill, London, October 8, 
 1894. 
 
 Works. — The Enterprising Impresario 
 (Bradbury, Evans, & Co.), 1867 ; The Light 
 of other days (Bentley), 1890. Operettas : 
 An Easter egg ; Matrimonial news. Part- 
 songs and songs, pianoforte pieces, &c. 
 
 Beale, Thurley, baritone vocalist, born 
 at Royston, Hertfordshire, April 23, 1849. 
 Studied under (Sir) Joseph Barnby, and was 
 a chorister at St. Andrew's, Wells Street, 
 London, and at St. Paul's Cathedral. A sin- 
 ger of repute, he has been heard at the prin- 
 cipal London and Provincial Concerts, the 
 Hereford Festival of 1879, &c. 
 
 Beale, William, composer, born at Lan- 
 drake, Cornwall, January 1, 1784. He studied 
 under Dr. Arnold and R. Cooke, and was gen- 
 tleman of the Chapel Royal, 1816-20. He 
 resided in London as a teacher of music, and 
 held the appointments of organist of Wands- 
 worth Parish Church, and St. John's, Clapham 
 Rise. From November, 1820, to December, 
 1821, he was organist of Trinity College, Cam- 
 bridge. In 1813, he gained the j)rize cup of 
 the Madrigal Society with his madrigal, 
 " Awake, sweet muse," and in 1840, a prize 
 from the Adelphi Glee Club. He died in 
 London, May 3, 1854. 
 
 Works. — Madrigals and Glees : A first- 
 book of Madrigals, Glees, etc., for three, four, 
 and five voices. Op. 6, London, 1815; Col- 
 lection of Glees and Madrigals, London, 1820 ; 
 Collection of thirteen Glees, edited by E. 
 Plater [1879] ; Awake, sweet muse (1813) » 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 37 
 
 BEALE. 
 
 prize madrigal ; Come let us join the romade- 
 lay ; This pleasant month of May ; What ho ! 
 what ho ! (1816) ; etc. Songs. Sonata for 
 the pianoforte, with an accompaniment for 
 the violin [1815] ; Second Sonata for piano- 
 forte, Op. 8 [1816] . 
 
 Beale, William George Frederick, 
 published "Congregational Psalmody: a col- 
 lection of psalm and hymn tunes," London 
 [1852] . He also wrote songs and pianoforte 
 inusic. 
 
 • Another Beale, Henry Wolfgang Ama- 
 DEUS, published a large number of Songs and 
 Pianoforte Pieces between 1854 and 1878, and 
 edited (with W. T. Wrighton) " Congregational 
 Psahnody" [1858]. 
 
 Beard, John, tenor vocalist, born in 
 1716, was a chorister in Chapel Royal, 
 under Bernard Gates. First appeared at 
 Covent Garden in 1736, and at Drury Lane 
 in 1737. Married to Lady Henrietta Herbert, 
 widow of Lord Edward Herbert, 1739, and 
 afterwards to Miss Rich (daughter of Rich, of 
 Covent Garden Theatre), 1759. He was one 
 of the proprietors of Covent Garden Theatre, 
 1761. Retired from public life, 1768. He 
 died at Hampton, Middlesex. February 4, 
 1791. He composed a few songs. 
 
 Beardmore, Mrs., see Parke, Maria H. 
 
 Beatson, John, musician. Published 
 " A Complete collection of all the tunes sung 
 by the different congregations in Hull. To 
 which is prefixed an introduction to the art 
 of Psalmody" [1780]. 
 
 Beattie, James, poet and author, born at 
 Laurencekirk, October 25, 1735. Professor 
 of ]\Ioral Philosophy, Marischal College, 
 Aberdeen, 1760. He died at Aberdeen, August 
 18, 1803. Author of "Essays on poetry and 
 music as they affect the mind, etc.," London, 
 1776; second edition, 1779. "Letter to the 
 Rev. Hugh Blair, D.D., on the improvement 
 of psalmody in Scotland," 1778 ; another 
 edition, Edinburgh, 1829. Poems, Ethical 
 works, etc. 
 
 His eldest son, James Hay Beattie (born 
 Aberdeen, 1768 — died 1790) was a violinist, 
 and amateur musician of great promise. 
 
 Beatty= Kingston, W., see Kingston, 
 William. 
 
 - Beaty, Richard William, musician, 
 was born in Dublin about 1799. He was 
 originally a chorister of Christ Church Cathe- 
 dral, and became organist and teacher at the 
 Molyneux Asylum for Blind Women in 1824. 
 He was organist of the Free Church, Great 
 Charles Street, from 1828 to 1877, and choir- 
 master of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, 
 from 1830 to 1872. He died at Dublin in 1883. 
 
 Works. — One hundred and fifty hymns . . 
 [1844], with Weyman and I. Smith. Sequel 
 to Melodia Sacra. Songs, etc. 
 
 Beaumont, Alexander 5., composer of 
 
 BEAZLEY. 
 
 the present day. His works include a Suite 
 for strings (produced, Norwood, 1887) ; Suite 
 in D, strings and pf. ; Lullaby, pf., violin, 
 viola, and harr£:onium ; Gondoliera and 
 Marcia funebre, for pf. and string quartet; 
 pieces for violin and violoncello. Duets for 
 pf., songs, etc. 
 
 Beaumont, Henry, tenor vocalist, native 
 of Yorkshire. Studied first under Joshua 
 Marshall, of Huddersfield, and later with 
 Luigi Caracciolo, at Dublin. Made his debut 
 at Huddersfield, October 22, 1881, at a con- 
 cert of the festival in celebration of the 
 opening of the first Town Hall in the 
 borough. He soon made his way in public 
 estimation, and in 1883 was offered a position 
 in the choir of Christ Church Cathedral, 
 Dublin. Here he remained about two years, 
 singing at the principal Dublin concerts, 
 when, in 1885, he joined the Carl Rosa Opera 
 Company. He also sang in Grand Opera in 
 Drury Lane, and joined the Burns-Crotty 
 "Cinderella" tour, 1891-2. Has visited 
 America three times, the first occasion being 
 in 1888, when he was with Mr. Ludwig's 
 party. Now resident in London, and chiefly 
 engaged in concert-singing. Married, April 
 26, 1888, the Dublin soprano, Adelaide 
 Mullen (q.v.) 
 
 Beaumont, John, musician, published 
 " The New Harmonic Magazine, or Com- 
 pendious Repository of Sacred Music, in full 
 Score," London, 1801. 
 
 Beazley, James Charles, pianist, vio- 
 linist and composer, born in Ryde, I.W., 
 1850. Studied music privately for some 
 years, and then entered the R.A.]\I., where 
 his masters were H. C. Banister, harmony ; 
 Dr. Steggall, counterpoint ; W. Sterndale 
 Bennett, compooition ; and F. B. Jewson, 
 pianoforte. After leaving the Academy he 
 was appointed music-master at the King's 
 School, Sherborne, Dorset, but delicate health 
 compelled his return to Ryde, where he has 
 since resided as teacher and composer. 
 During the last few weeks of Sir Sterndale 
 Bennett's life, Beazley acted as his private 
 secretary, the most cordial relations exist- 
 ing between them. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas: Drusilda (Ryde, 1888); 
 Josiah (1891) ; The Red dwarf ; The Golden 
 flitch. Services of song. Part-songs, songs, 
 The white gondola, etc. Instrumental : Sona- 
 tinas in D minor, F, and G minor ; Six 
 sketches ; Six bagatelles ; Six miniatures ; 
 Deux pensees ; Elegy, and other pieces for 
 violin and pf., with a large number still in 
 MS. ; Thirty-five studies ; Four easy sketches ; 
 Album of pieces, and other compositions for 
 the pf. Pieces for flute and pf. Albums for 
 American organ or harmonium. Author of 
 " Aids to the violinist : a short treatise in 
 reference to bow-marks " (Cary, London). 
 
38 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY 
 
 BECHER, 
 
 Becher, Alfred Julius, composer, of Ger- 
 man extraction, was born at Manchester in 
 1803. Educated at Universities of Heidel- 
 berg, Berlin, etc. Resided at Vienna as editor 
 of the Radikale, a democratic sheet, which 
 was filled with seditious articles by Becher. 
 Shot at Vienna for sedition, Nov. 23, 1846 
 
 Works. — Op. 1, Songs for solo voice and 
 piano ; op. 2, Lyrical pieces for the pf . ; op. 3, 
 Six poems for voice and pf . ; op. 5, Rondo for 
 the pf. ; op. 6, Six songs for voice and pf . ; op. 
 7, Three sonatas for pf. solo ; op. 8, Original 
 theme for pf . ; op. 9, Monologue for pf . ; op. 
 10, Six songs for voice and pf. ; op. 11, Sonata 
 for pf . ; op. 18, Nine pieces for pf. ; A Sym- 
 phody ; String quartet, and various articles on 
 music. 
 
 Beckwith, John Christmas, composer 
 and organist, born at Norwich, December 25, 
 1750. Studied under Dr. Wm. and Philip 
 Hayes, at St. IMagdalen College, Oxford. Or- 
 ganist of St. Peter's, Mancroft, Norwich, 
 1794. Organist of Norwich Cathedral in suc- 
 cession to Thos. Garland, 1808. Mus. Bac. 
 and Doc. Oxon, 1803. Instructed Thomas 
 Vaughan, the vocalist, in singing. Died at 
 Norwich, June 3, 1809. 
 
 Works. — The First verse of every Psalm 
 of David, with an ancient or modern chant in 
 score, adapted as much as possible to the sen- 
 timent of each Psalm. London, 1808. Six 
 Anthems in Score, for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 voices. 
 London [1790]. Glees: Hark, o'er the waves; 
 Chimney sweepers ; Favourite concerto for the 
 organ, harpsichord, or pianoforte, op. 4 [1795] ; 
 Sonata for the harpsichord or pf., op. 3 ; Six 
 voluntaries for the organ or harpsichord, Lon- 
 don, 1780 ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Beckwith was an organist of much genius, 
 and was famous for his extempore playing. 
 The name, "Christmas," is supposed to be a 
 nickname given on account of his birthday. 
 His son, John Charles (born 1788, died Oc- 
 tober 5, 1828) was an organist of much ability, 
 and succeeded to the post at Norwich Cathe- 
 dral in 1809. His uncle, John Beckwith 
 (born 1728, died May 14, 1800), was a lay- 
 clerk in Norwich cathedral. His brother, the 
 Rev. Edward James Beckwith (died January 
 7, 1833), was succentor of St. Paul's Cathedral, 
 and the composer af some chants. 
 
 Bedford, Arthur, divine and writer, was 
 born at Tiddenham, Gloucester, September, 
 1668. Studied at Oxford. Died at London, 
 1745. 
 
 Works. — The Temple Musick, or an Essay 
 concerning the IMethod of Singing the Psalms 
 of David in the Temple before the Babylonish 
 Captivity, wherein the musick of our Cathe- 
 drals is vindicated . . . Bristol, 1706 ; Essay on 
 Singing David's Psalms, 1708; The Great 
 abuse of Musick, containing an account of the 
 use and design of Musick among the Antient 
 
 BEESLEY. 
 
 Jews, Greeks, Romans, etc., London, 1711 ; 
 The Excellency of Divine Musick ... to which 
 is added a specimen of easy grave tunes instead 
 of those which are used in our profane and 
 wanton ballads, London, 1733 ; Scripture 
 Chronology demonstrated by Astronomical 
 Calculations, London, 1730 ; The Present 
 State of the Republick of Letters, London, 
 1730 ; Serious Reflections on the Scandalous 
 Abuse and Effects of the Stage, Bristol, 1706. 
 
 Bedford, Herbert, composer, born in Lon- 
 don, 1807, Musically educated at the Guild- 
 hall School of Music, where he was twice 
 awarded the annual prize for composition. 
 First came prominently into notice by a con- 
 cert of his works at the Meistersinger's Club, 
 May 30, 1892. His principal compositions 
 are " La Belle Dame sans merci " (Keats), 
 and " La Joie fait peur," for voice and orch- 
 estra ; an opera, " Kit ]\Iarlowe," not yet pro- 
 duced ; an Ave Maria, for contralto solo, con- 
 tralto chorus, violoncello, pf., harp, and organ; 
 a groujD of French songs ; an Album of Eng- 
 lish songs (including a setting of Shelley's Ode 
 to Music), etc. In 1894 he married Miss Liza 
 Lehmann, the vocalist and composer (q.v.) 
 
 Bedford, Paul John, comedian and bass 
 vocalist, born at Bath, 1792 ? Sang at Drury 
 Lane, November 10, 1824, in the first proper 
 or complete performance of Weber's " Der 
 Freischtitz," taking the part of Bernhard. 
 From 1833 he sang in opera at Covent Gar- 
 den ; and later in farces at the Adelphi. He 
 had a good, deep bass voice. He died in Lon- 
 don, January 11, 1871. 
 
 Bedsmore, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser, was born at Lichfield in 1833. Chor- 
 ister, Lichfield Cathedral, 1843 ; articled to 
 Samuel Spofforth, the Cathedral organist; 
 and after the death of his teacher, in 1864, he 
 was appointed his successor. Died at Lich- 
 field, June 9, 1881. Composer of Church 
 music, songs, pianoforte music, etc. 
 
 Beecroft, George Andus Beaumont, 
 amateur composer, was born in 1845. His 
 father was M.P. for Leeds. He was educated 
 at Oxford, where he graduated B.A., in 1868, 
 and M.A., in 1872 ; Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1867. 
 He died on May 3, 1873. He composed some 
 vocal music, and contributed to the Choir 
 and other musical journals. He also pub- 
 lished a Magnificat and Nunc dimittis ; a 
 Minuet and Trio for Pianoforte ; Three casts 
 from the antique for Pianoforte, etc. 
 
 Beesley, Mrs., see Spinney, Mattie. 
 
 Beesley, Michael, published "A Book of 
 Psalmody, containing instructions for young 
 beginners, after as plain and familiar a man- 
 ner as any, with a collection of psalm tunes, 
 anthems, hymns, etc. . . . engraved by M. 
 Beesley," 17 — . 
 
 Begg, Rev. James, Scottish divine, born 
 1809, died at Edinburgh, 1883. Author of 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 39 
 
 BELCHER. 
 
 " The Use of Organs and other instruments 
 of music in Christian worship indefensible," 
 Glasgow, 1866. "Instrumental Music un- 
 warranted in the worship of God," Edinburgh, 
 N.D. His father, the Rev. James Begg, D.D., 
 minister of New Monkland, Lanarkshire, 
 wrote a tract entitled " Treatise on the use of 
 organs and other instruments of music in the 
 worship of God," Glasgow, 1808, reprinted in 
 his son's tract of 1866. 
 
 Belcher, John, English writer, author of 
 " Lectures on the History of Ecclesiastical 
 Music," London, 1872. 
 
 Belcher, William Thomas, organist and 
 composer, born in Birmingham, ]\Iarch 8, 1827. 
 Graduated Mus. B. Oxon., 1867; Mus. D. 1872. 
 Organist of Great Barr Church, 1856, and sub- 
 sequently of several churches in Birmingham, 
 up to 1884, when he was appointed organist 
 and choir-master at Holy Trinity, Bordesley, 
 a position he still holds. Has given organ re- 
 citals in Birmingham and neighbouring towns. 
 His son, W. E. Belcher, M.A., is deputy organ- 
 ist of the Leeds Town Hall, and teacher of 
 music at Headingly, near Leeds. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, The Sea of Galilee 
 (MS.), Oxford, 1872 ; Cantata, The Pates, 
 Oxford, 1867 ; Cantatas composed for the 
 opening of Adderley and Aston Parks, Bir- 
 mingham ; Cantatina, Excelsior ; Oj)era, Es- 
 telle. Church Music : Anthem for double 
 choir, from Psalm 122 ; Anthems, Hymns, 
 Chants, &c. Glees and part-songs, including a 
 Jubilee Song — Fifty years glad blessings bring- 
 ing — a copy of which was graciously accepted 
 by the Queen, 1887. Pianoforte pieces, etc. 
 
 Bell, John, composer and organist, was 
 born at Gourock, in Renfrewshire. He studied 
 music from an early age, and became A. 
 Mus. T.C.L. ; F.F.S.C. ; and Mus. Doc, 
 Trinity College, Toronto. Has held the ap- 
 pointments of organist or conductor of psalm- 
 ody in Westbourne Free Church ; Springburn 
 Parish Church ; Anderston Parish Church ; 
 and St. Vincent Parish Church, all in Glas- 
 gow. He also conducted a Select Choir, and 
 acted as conductor of the Glasgow Temper- 
 ance Choral Society ; Cathcart Musical As- 
 sociation ; Vale of Leven Choral Society ; 
 Carluke Choral Society ; and St. Andrew's 
 Musical Association. For four or five years 
 he was inusical critic to the North British 
 Daily Mail. Composer and arranger of about 
 150 anthems and part-songs ; the 145th Psalm 
 for soli, double chorus, and orchestra (degree 
 exercise), etc. 
 
 Bell, John Montgomerie, amateur com- 
 poser, was born at Edinburgh, May 28, 1837. 
 He is a writer to the signet. His composi- 
 tions include anthems, songs, and hymn tunes, 
 some of which have been published in various 
 Scottish Church Hymnals. 
 
 Bellamy J., musician, compiled " A 
 
 BELLERBY. 
 
 System of Divine Musick," 1745. 
 
 Bellamy, Richard, bass singer and com- 
 poser, was born about 174.3. In 1771 he was 
 appointed a gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 
 and in 1773 he became a lay-vicar of West- 
 minster Abbey. He graduated Mus. Bac., 
 Cambridge, in 1775. He became a vicar- 
 choral of St. Paul's Cathedral, London, in 
 1793, and succeeded Hudson, as almoner and 
 master of the children, in 1793, a post he 
 held till 1799. He died at London, September 
 11, 1813. Bellamy was one of the best bass 
 singers of his day, and composed a Te Deum ; 
 A set of anthems, 1788 ; Six glees for three 
 and four voices, 1789 ; and other works. 
 
 Bellamy, Thomas Ludford, bass vocalist, 
 son of above, was born at Westminster, Lon- 
 don, in 1770. He was a chorister in West- 
 minster Abbey under Cooke. He studied 
 singing under Tasca, and appeared as a 
 concert vocalist in London till 1794. Stage 
 manager of theatre in Dublin, 1794-97. He 
 became part-proprietor of Chester, Lichfield, 
 Manchester, and Shrewsbury theatres, 1800. 
 Proprietor of Belfast, Londonderry, and 
 Newry theatres, 1803. Sang in Covent Gar- 
 den theatre, 1807-12, and at Drury Lane 
 theatre, 1812-17. Choir-master at Chapel of 
 Spanish Embassy, Loudon, 1819. Bass 
 Singer at Concert of Ancient Music. He 
 died at London, January 3, 1843. 
 
 Works. — Songs and part-songs. Lyric 
 poetry of glees, madrigals, catches, rounds, 
 canons, and duets. London, 1840. 
 
 William Henry Bellamy (born in 1799 — 
 died at London, March 3, 1880), probably a 
 relative of ihe above, composed A lady's page ; 
 The neglected lute ; The pilgrim, and other 
 songs. 
 
 Bellasis, Edward, writer, born January 
 28,1852. "Lancaster Herald." 1882. Author 
 of Cherubini : memorials illustrative of his 
 life, London, 1874. The Law of arms, 1880 
 The Machells of Crackenthorpe . . Kendal 
 1886. ; Memorials of Mr. Serjeant Bellasis, 
 1800-1873, London, 1893, etc. Songs: Alone 
 I wandered ; Ministering spirits ; The haven 
 Consolation ; Waiting for the morning ; The 
 two worlds ; Tyre ; Marionette pantomime 
 Pf. music, etc. 
 
 His brother, the Rev. Richard Bellasis 
 of the Oratory, Edgbaston, Birmingham, is a 
 musician, and occasionally conducts concerts. 
 
 Bellerby, Edward Johnson, organist, 
 pianist, and composer, born March 28, 1858, 
 at Pickering, Yorkshire. Studied under Dr. 
 B. G. Monk, of York Minster, 1876-80, and 
 was assistant organist during most of that 
 time. In 1879 he graduated Mus. Bac, Ox- 
 ford; and Mus. Doc, 1895. He was organist 
 to Lord Hotham, 1877-8 ; of Selby Abbey 
 Church, 1878-81 ; then appointed to Margate 
 Parish Church, 1881 ; and in 1884 to Holy 
 
40 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 BELVILLE. 
 
 Trinity, Margate, where he remains to the 
 present time. An able executant, hotli as 
 pianist and organist ; he has appeared at 
 various concerts, and his organ recitals are 
 very popular. He has a considerable reputa- 
 tion as an extempore player. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 46, for soli, eight-part 
 chorus, and orchestra ; Communion service 
 in F. Antheins: Jesu, my Lord, and others; 
 songs, and a volume of nursery rhymes. 
 Festive overture (Selby Orchestral Society, 
 1887) ; Symphonic fantasia (composed 1888, 
 and produced by Margate Philharmonic 
 Society, 1895), for orchestra ; organ and pf. 
 pieces, etc. Author of a " Primer on Har- 
 monising Melodies." 
 
 Belville, Edward (or Jakobowski), 
 composer of the present time. At a concert 
 given at the R.A.M., in conjunction with ]\Ir. 
 Sinclair Dunn, he introduced his comic opera. 
 The Three Beggars (July 28, 1883), which has 
 been followed by many others : Dick (Globe 
 Theatre, April, 17, 1884); Ermine (book by 
 Bellamy and H. Paulton, Grand Theatre, 
 Birmingham, November 9, 1885) ; The Palace 
 of pearl (joint composition with Stanislaus, 
 Empire Theatre, June, 188G) ; Mynheer Jan 
 (Comedy Theatre, February, 1887) ; Paola 
 (H. Paulton) ; La Rosiere (Shaftesbury, 
 January, 1893) ; A Venetian singer (one act, 
 Court Theatre, Nov. 1893), etc. Six songs 
 (Sinclair Dunn), etc., etc. 
 
 Bendall, Wilfred Ellington, composer, 
 born iu Loudon, April 22, 1850. Studied 
 harmony and composition under Charles 
 Lucas and E. Silas ; and at the Conserva- 
 torium, Leipzig, 1872-4. Resident in London 
 as composer and teacher of pf . 
 
 Works. — Sacred Cantata, Parizadeh (pro- 
 duced by Willing's Choir, St. James's Hall, 
 April 22, 1881) ; Cantatas for female voices : 
 The Lady of Shallott ; The Rosiere ; The 
 Woman of Canaan. Operettas : Lover's knots 
 (St. George's Hall, 1880); Quid pro quo (1880). 
 Trios, for female voices. The fountain, etc. 
 Six vocal duets, part-songs, songs, etc. Six 
 pieces, violin and pf. In the Tyrol, three 
 pieces for pf. Toccata in E flat, etc. 
 
 Bennet, John, composer, who flourished 
 at the end of the IGth and beginning of the 
 17th centuries [1570-1615]. 
 
 Works. — Madrigalls to four voyces, newly 
 published by John Bennett, his first works at 
 London, 1599 ; Madrigal, "All creatures now 
 are merrily minded," in the Triumphs' of 
 Oriana, 1601 ; Songs in a collection published 
 by Ravenscroft ; O God of Gods, verse an- 
 them. Sacred Harmonic Society's Library; 
 Anthems and madrigals in MS. 
 
 Nothing as to his biography appears to 
 have been clironicled. His book of madrigals 
 was re-publislied in 1845 by the Musical 
 Antiquarian Society. 
 
 BENNETT. 
 
 Bennet, Robert, musician, published 
 " The Psalm-singer's necessary Companion, 
 containing above sixty choice psalm tunes," 
 London, 1718. 
 
 Bennet, Saunders, organist, pianist, and 
 composer, born in last quarter of the 18th 
 century. He was organist of a church at 
 Woodstock, and died at Woodstock, May 25, 
 1809. He wrote some vocal music (glees and 
 songs), and a number of rondos, sonatas, 
 variations, etc., for the organ and pf. Also 
 edited " Selection of sacred music for three 
 voices, with an accompaniment for the 
 organ," London, 1810. 
 
 Bennett, Alfred William, son of Thomas 
 Bennett, organist of Chichester Cathedral, was 
 born in 1805. He studied under his father. 
 Organist of New College, Oxford, 1825. Mus. 
 Bac, Oxon., 1825. Killed by a fall from a 
 coach while on his way to Worcester Fes- 
 tival, September 12, 1830. 
 
 Works. — Church Services and Anthems ; 
 Cathedral Chants, 1829, edited with W. Mar- 
 shall, Mus. Bac. ; Cathedral Music . . edited by 
 T. and H. Bennett, London [1830] ; Songs ; In- 
 structions for the pianoforte, with popular 
 National Airs arranged as Lessons, London, 
 [1825] ; Instructions for the Spanish guitar, 
 London [1828] : Vocalist's Guide, comprised 
 in a series of instruction and solfeggi, London 
 [1830] , also [1865] . 
 
 Bennett, Charles, organist and composer, 
 was born about 1740. He was organist at 
 Truro for 40 years, and died there on May 12, 
 1804. Composer of " Twelve songs and a can- 
 tata," London, 1765, etc. 
 
 Bennett, Frederick James Went= 
 worth, flutist and composer, born atCadbury, 
 Somerset, 1856. Studied at R. A.M. and R.C.M., 
 _also privately under A. P. Vivian and H. S. 
 Rockstro, L.R.A.M., 1895. Has performed in 
 London and the provinces ; and was con- 
 ductor of the Castle Cary Choral Society, 
 1883-90, and the Cadbury Musical Society, 
 1887-90. Appointed Professor of the Flute at 
 the Brighton School of Music, 1895. Author 
 of a brochure on " Conducting, and being 
 Conducted " (1889), and now engaged on a 
 work "On Solo Flute-playing." Has con- 
 tributed articles to the Musical Times and 
 other papers. 
 
 Works. — Mass in C minor (1888) ; Sacred 
 Cantata, Anno Domini (1888) ; Cantata, " Eury- 
 dice"(1884); Operettas: Dr. Whack'um(1880); 
 King Richard I. (1883) ; King Arthur (1884) ; 
 The King's Foresters (1886) ; and The Black 
 Eagle (1888). Symphony in C, orchestra 
 (1885) ; Rustic Idyll, orchestra (1893). Con- 
 certo in E minor, flute and orchestra (1887) ; 
 Sonata, pf. Many pieces for pf. and flute. 
 Various jjart-songs, and nearly 200 songs. 
 
 Bennett, George John, composer and 
 organist, born at Andover, Hants, May 5, 1863. 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 41 
 
 BENNETT. 
 
 Was a chorister at Winchester Cathedral, 
 1872-78, and entered the Royal Academy of 
 Music in 1879, studying under Sir G. A. Mac- 
 farren. Here he remained until 1884, and at 
 the R.A.IM. concerts the first movement of a 
 symphony, two overtures, a pianoforte con- 
 certo, and other works of his were pro- 
 duced. From 1884 to 1887 he was enabled — 
 through the instrumentality of the firm of 
 Novello, Ewer, and Co., who were greatly in- 
 terested in the talented young musician — to 
 study at Berlin, under Friedrich Kiel, and at 
 Munich, under Rheinberger. Returning to 
 England, he was (1888) created a Fellow, and 
 appointed Professor of Harmony, R.A.M., 
 having, six years previously, obtained the dip- 
 loma, F.(R.)C.O. He graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Cambridge, 1888; Mus. Doc, 1893. He was 
 organist of St. John the Evangelist from 
 1890, until his appointment to Lincoln Cathe- 
 dral in August, 1895. Other offices held by 
 him are Conductor, London Organ School 
 Orchestra (1893), and Church Orchestral 
 Society (1895). 
 
 Works. — ]\Iass, in B flat minor ; Festival 
 Te Deum in D, for soli, double choir, and or- 
 chestra, in MS. ; Festival Evening Service in 
 A, Dedication Festival, St. Paul's Cathedral, 
 1890; Easter Hymn, for soli, chorus, and or- 
 chestra, Festival of Sons of the Clergy, St. 
 Paul's, 1895 ; Morning, Evening, and Com- 
 munion Services; Anthems, etc. Two Albums 
 of Songs (Novello) ; Trios for feniale voices ; 
 Part-songs, etc. Orchestral : Serenade, in 
 Symphonic form ; Overture, Jugendtraiime, 
 Crystal Palace, March, October, 1887 ; Over- 
 ture, "Leonatus and Imogen," Philharmonic 
 Society, 1895. Trio in E, pf., vn., and 'cello, 
 London, 1893 ; various pf. pieces. Voluntaries 
 for organ, etc. 
 
 Bennett, James, composer and writer, 
 born at Salford, 1804 ; died at Brighton, June, 
 1870. Author of " A Practical Introduction to 
 part and sight-singing," London, 1843: "Ele- 
 mentary exercises for the cultivation of the 
 voice," London, n.d. Composed songs, etc. 
 
 Bennett, Joseph, musical critic, librettist, 
 and journalist, born at Berkeley, Gloucester- 
 shire, November 29, 1831. In his youth he 
 studied the organ, violin, viola, and violon- 
 cello ; went through a course of training for 
 scholastic profession at the Borough Road 
 College, London ; acted as precentor at the 
 historical Weigh House Chapel, and was some- 
 time organist of Westminster Chax^el. Finally, 
 adopting musical criticism, he was connected 
 successively with the Sunday Times, Daily 
 Telegraph, Pall Mall Gazette, and Graphic. 
 For maiiy years he contributed to the Musical 
 World, also to the Musical Standard, and 
 Musical Times, devoting himself now to the 
 last-named and the Daily Telegraph. He was 
 editor of Concordia, 1875-6 ; and of the Lute, 
 
 BENNETT. 
 
 1883-6. In 1885, he was engaged as annotator 
 of the Philharmonic Society's programmes, 
 and succeeded the late J. W. Davison as writer 
 of the analytical programmes for the Saturday 
 and Monday Popular Concerts. He has also 
 done similar work for the Leeds, Birmingham, 
 and other Festivals. He has acted as adjudi- 
 cator at Eisteddfodan ; is a member of the 
 Committee of the Mendelssohn Scholarship 
 Fund ; and President of the Gloucester Choral 
 Society. Of his innumerable contributions to 
 the press, the most important are a series of 
 papers on the Great Composers ( Musical Times, 
 1877-91); "Elijah," a comparison of the origi- 
 nal and revised scores (commenced in the short- 
 lived Concordia, and reprinted and completed 
 in the Musical Times, October, 1882, to April, 
 1883); and "From my study," Musical 
 Times, (1892 to present time). As a libret- 
 tist, Joseph Bennett has done much. His 
 chief works, adapted or original are. The 
 Golden Legend (Sullivan) ; The Rose of Sharon, 
 The Dream of Jubal, the Story of Sayid, and 
 Bethlehem (Meckenzie); Ruth, Thorgrim, The 
 Transfiguration (Cowen), Jeanie Deans (Mac- 
 Cunn), and books for Dr. J. F. Bridge, C. Lee 
 Williams, Barnett, Mancinelli, and others. 
 His chief publications are : Letters from Bay- 
 reuth (Novello, 1877) ; The Musical Year 
 [1883] (Novello, 1884) ; Primers of Musical 
 Biography, five books, enlargements of some 
 of the papers above-named ; and History of 
 the Leeds Musical Festivals, 1858-1889 (in 
 conjunction with F. R. Spark,) Novello, 1892. 
 He is also the author of a number of poetical 
 pieces. 
 
 Bennett, Robert, musician, was born at 
 Bakewell, Derbyshire, in January or Febru- 
 ary, 1788. He became a chorister in King's 
 College, Canibridge, and was articled to Dr. 
 Clarke-Whitfield. In 1811 he became or- 
 ganist of the Parish Church, Sheffield. He 
 died at Sheffield, November 3, 1819. He was 
 married to Elizabeth Don, daughter of the 
 botanist, and his son was William Sterndale 
 Bennett, separately noticed. He composed a 
 number of songs and various hymn tunes. 
 
 Bennett, Thomas, organist and composer, 
 born at Fonthill in 1779. Choristfer in Salis- 
 bury Cathedral under Joseph Corfe. Organist 
 of St. John's Chapel, Chichester, and of Chi- 
 chester Cathedral, 1803-48. He died at 
 Chichester, March 21, 1848, and was suc- 
 ceeded by his son Henry, who held the 
 appointment till 1860. 
 
 Works. — Introduction to the Art of Sing- 
 ing, London, n.d. ; Songs and organ pieces. 
 Sacred Melodies : A collection of psalms and 
 hymns, sung at the Cathedral and Chapel of 
 St. John, Chichester, London, 1825 ; Cathe- 
 dral selections, consisting of anthems, sanctus 
 commandments, and chants, London ; several 
 editions. 
 
42 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BENNETT. 
 
 Bennett, William, organist and com- 
 poser, born near Teignniouth, 1767. He 
 studied under Jackson of Exeter, and J. C. 
 Bach and Schroeter, London. Organist of 
 St. Andrew's Church, Plymouth. He died 
 about 1830. 
 
 Works. — Six songs and a glee, London 
 [1799] ; anthems and organ music, etc. 
 
 Bennett, W.J. E., compiler of a "Psalter, 
 containing a selection of psalm tunes, chants, 
 services, and other ecclesiastical music . . . 
 arranged for congregational singing in four 
 parts," 1843-44. 
 
 Bennett, William Mineard, composer 
 and painter, born at Exeter, in 1778, died 
 there October 17, 1858. He composed a 
 number of glees and songs, and was a portrait 
 painter. 
 
 Bennett, Sir William Sterndale, com- 
 poser and pianist, was born at Sheffield, April 
 13, 1816. He studied as a chorister in choir 
 of King's College, Cambridge, under his grand- 
 father, John Bennett, and received subsequent 
 instruction from Charles Lucas, Dr. Crotch, 
 Cipriani Potter, and W. H. Holmes. He 
 studied at Leipzig Conservatorium under Mos- 
 cheles, at the expense and on the suggestion 
 of Messrs. Broadwood and Sons, during 1836- 
 40. He appeared in England as concert-giver, 
 1843-1856, and was an unsuccessful candidate 
 for Music Professorship at Edinburgh Uni- 
 versity, 1844. He married Miss Mary Ann 
 Wood, 1844. Founded (with others) the 
 Bach Society, 1849. Conducted the Philhar- 
 monic Society Concerts, 1856-66. Conducted 
 the Leeds Musical Festival, 1858. Professor 
 of Music at Cambridge, 1856. Mus. Doc, 
 Cambridge, 1856. M.A., Cambridge, 1857. 
 Principal of the R.A.M., 1866. D.C.L., Ox- 
 ford, 1870. Knighted, 1871. Presented with 
 testimonial, 1872. He died at London. Feb- 
 ruary 1, 1875. 
 
 Works. — Op. 1, First Concerto for piano- 
 forte and orchestra, in D minor, 1832 ; Op. 2, 
 Capriccio for pianoforte, in D ; Op. 3, Overture 
 for full orchestra, Parisina, 1834-35 ; Op. 4, 
 Second Concerto for pianoforte and orchestra, 
 in E fiat ; Op. 8, Sestet for pianoforte and 
 strings, 1844 ; Op. 9, Third Concerto for piano- 
 forte and orchestra, in C minor, 1834 ; Op. 10, 
 Three musical sketches for pianoforte ; Op. 11, 
 Six studies for the pianoforte ; Op. 12, Three 
 impromptus for pianoforte ; Op. 13, Sonata 
 for pianoforte, 1842 ; Op. 14, Three romances 
 for pianoforte ; Op. 15, Overture for full or- 
 chestra. The Naiads, 1836 ; Op. 16, Fantasia 
 for pianoforte, 1842 ; Op. 17, Three Diversions 
 for pianoforte duet ; Op. 18, Allegro Grazioso 
 for pianoforte ; Op. 19, Fourth Concerto for 
 pianoforte and orchestra, in F minor, 1836- 
 1849 ; Op. 20, Overture for full orchestra. The 
 Wood Nymph, 1840 ; Op. 22. Caprice in E for 
 pianoforte and orchestra, 1840 ; Op. 23, Six 
 
 BENSON. 
 
 songs for solo voice with pianoforte accom- 
 paniment ; Op. 24, Suite de Pieces, for piano- 
 forte, 1843 ; Op. 25, Rondo Piacevale for 
 pianoforte ; Op. 26, Trio for pianoforte, violin, 
 and 'cello, 1844 ; Op. 27, Scherzo for piano- 
 forte ; Op. 28, Rondino for pianoforte, 1853 ; 
 Op. 29, Two studies for j^ianoforte ; Op. 30, 
 Four sacred duets ; Op. 31, Tema e variazione 
 for pianoforte; Op. 32, Sonata for pianoforte 
 and 'cello, 1852 ; Op. 33, Sixty preludes and 
 lessons for pianoforte, 1853 ; Op. 34, Rondo 
 for pianoforte ; Op. 35, Six songs (second set) 
 for voice and pianoforte ; Op. 36, Flowers of 
 the month ; Op. 37, Rondeau a la Polonaise 
 pour le pianoforte [1858] ; Op. 38, Toccato for 
 pianoforte ; Op. 39, The May Queen, a pas- 
 toral, by H. P. Chorley (cantata) for solo 
 voices, chorus, and orchestra, Leeds Musical 
 Festival, 1858 ; Op. 40, Ode, written for the 
 opening of the International Exhibition, 1862, 
 by (Lord) Alfred Tennyson, 1862; Op. 41, 
 Cambridge Installation Ode, 1862; Op. 42, 
 Fantasie-overture, Paradise and the Peri, for 
 full orchestra, 1862 ; Op. 43, Symphony for 
 full orchestra, in G minor ; op. 44, The 
 Woman of Samaria, an oratorio, for solo voices, 
 chorus, and orchestra, Birmingham Festival, 
 1867 ; op. 45, Music to Sophocles' Ajax ; Op. 
 46, Pianoforte Sonata, The Maid of Orleans. 
 
 In addition to the above he wrote overtures, 
 The Merry Wives of Windsor ; Marie du Bois, 
 1845 ; A quintet for pianoforte and wind in- 
 struments, etc., songs, part-songs, pianoforte 
 music, and collections of chants, etc., most of 
 which have been published. 
 
 Benson, George, composer and tenor 
 singer, was born in 1814. He was a gentle- 
 man of the Chapel Royal, and in 1878 he 
 graduated Mus. Bac, Cambridge. He died 
 at London, August 9, 1884. He composed 
 Glees: If music be the food of love (prize, 
 1863) ; Orpheus with his lute ; True love to 
 win. Sleep little baby, sleep, four-part song. 
 The Wooer, madrigal. My God look upon me ; 
 I will arise, anthenis. Songs, etc. 
 
 Benson, John, musician, compiled "Sa- 
 cred Harmony, a collection of tunes composed 
 and arranged for one, two, three and four 
 voices." London [1840] . 
 
 Benson, John Allanson, composer, 
 organist and teacher, born near Ripley, 
 Yorkshire, February 8, 1848. Connected with 
 the family of the late Archbishop of Canter- 
 bury. He was intended, by his father, for 
 an architect, but his love for music ultimately 
 prevailed, and he adopted ihe art as his pro- 
 fession. He received his earliest instruction 
 as a choir boy after the removal of his family 
 to Harrogate, and afterwards became con- 
 ductor of the local Philharmonic Society. 
 As organist, teacher, lecturer, and composer, 
 he is a prominent and busy figure in musical 
 life at Harrogate. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 43 
 
 BENTLEY. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, King Hezekiah (com- 
 posed, 1886, produced, Harrogate, 1891) ; 
 bacred cantatas, Laudate Dominum ; Christ 
 at Nain (which obtained the £50 prize offered 
 by Curwen and Sons, 1895) ; Cantata, Bott- 
 reaux bells (1873) ; Six school cantatas ; The 
 crown of roses. Summer holiday, etc., etc. 
 Jubilee ode, Victoria ! Victoria! (1887). Ser- 
 vices of song, anthems, school songs, etc. 
 In IMS. are two comic operas. King Cophetua 
 (produced, 1881), and Endymion (1883), and 
 a dramatic cantata. The water nymph (1885). 
 Organ music contributed to the " Organist's 
 Quarterly Journal " and other publications, 
 and hymn tunes in the "National Tune 
 Book" (London : Patey and Willis), etc., etc. 
 
 Bentley, John Morgan, composer and 
 organist, born at Manchester, September 3, 
 1837. Graduated at Cambridge, Mus. Bac,, 
 1877 ; Mus. Doc, 1879. Was organist suc- 
 cessively at St. Philip's, Salford, 1855 ; St. 
 Stephen's, Manchester, 1860 ; St. Saviour's, 
 1866 ; and of Bowden Parish Church, and 
 Cheadle Abbey Church. During that time 
 he conducted choral societies in those dis- 
 tricts, and at Blackburn, Winsford, and 
 Eccles. In 1881 he was appointed local 
 examiner for R.A.M., and in the same year 
 was made Provincial Grand Organist of East 
 Lancashire. 
 
 Works.— Oratorio, What is life? (1879); 
 Dramatic cantata, Gethsemaue (1877) ; Can- 
 tatas, Yuletide, and The Golden butterfly — 
 the latter for female voices. Vesper canticles ; 
 Psalter pointed, and Psalter chants (Hey- 
 wood, Manchester). Symphony and other 
 orchestral works in MS. Horse Sacrse, pieces 
 for violin and pf ; The Two violinists, a 
 series of duets for violins, with pf. accom- 
 paniment ; Songs, etc., etc. 
 
 Benton, Alfred, organist and conductor, 
 born in Leeds. Began his musical career at 
 the age of ten as a choir boy in Leeds Parish 
 Church. His first instructor on the organ 
 and pianoforte was Mr. Wm. Dawson, then 
 deputy organist of the Parish Church. After- 
 wards he became the pupil of R. S. Burton, 
 and took lessons in counterpoint from W. J. 
 Pritchard (a famous blind organist) and in 
 composition from P. W. Hird. When four- 
 teen years old he obtained the post of 
 organist at All Saints', Leeds, and subse- 
 quently was appointed to Windermere Parish 
 Church, Arthington ; St. Mark's, Manning- 
 ham ; St. Martin's, Potternewtown; and final- 
 ly, in 1891, succeeding Dr. Creser as organist 
 and choirmaster of Leeds Parish Church. Here 
 he worthily sustains the high reputation 
 gained for the services. In 1889 he was 
 appointed organist of the Leeds Festival, a 
 position he still retains, with that of chorus- 
 master, since 1895. He has introduced many 
 important works at the Advent and Lent 
 
 BERRY. 
 
 services, including the Requiem by Brahms, 
 Spohr's Last Judgment, and Bach's Matthew 
 Passion. For years past he has been noted 
 as a skilful conductor, societies in Barnsley, 
 Morley, Bramley, and other places being 
 under his direction. A permanent orchestra 
 was formed in Leeds, in 1895, and a choral 
 union also, the conductorship of both being 
 entrusted to Mr. Benton, who now occupies 
 a most responsible and honoured position in 
 Leeds. He has also a high reputation as a 
 teacher of singing, many of his pupils now 
 holding appointments in English cathedrals. 
 
 Berger, Francesco, pianist and com- 
 poser, born June 10, 1834, in London, where 
 his father, an Austrian, had settled as a 
 merchant. Studied in Italy under Luigi 
 Ricci and Carl Lickl, and at Leipzig under 
 Hauptmann and others. Settled in London, 
 1855. Appeared at concerts in London and 
 the provinces as solo pianist. In 186S estab- 
 lished the " Apres-midi Instrumentales." 
 Was appointed a professor of pf. at the 
 R.A.M. in 1885, and became hon. sec. of 
 the Philharmonic Society in 1887. In 1864 
 he married Miss Lascelles, contralto vocalist. 
 His works include a mass and an opera ; the 
 music to The Frozen deep (Wilkie Collins, 
 1857) ; a Suite in G, and other pieces for pf. 
 Cavatina for violoncello and pf. Part-songs : 
 Poor and rich (Leslie's Choir, 1884), and 
 others. Songs : Amor timido ; Fair, but 
 fleecing; Only thyself, etc., etc. Author of 
 " First steps at the pianoforte " (Novello). 
 
 Berry, Sarah, contralto vocalist, born at 
 Bamford, near Manchester, where, from her 
 eighth to her seventeenth year, she was a 
 weaver in a mill. She gained the Courtney 
 Scholarship, R.C.M. , and pursued her studies 
 under the late jNIadame Goldschmidt, having 
 lessons also in declamation from Mrs. Ken- 
 dal. She made her debut in Manchester, 
 January 7, 1888, at a concert of M. De Jong, 
 and at once achieved success. In October of 
 the same year, she sung in "Elijah" at 
 Huddersfield, and in that oratorio at the 
 Albert Hall (Royal Choral Society), January 
 22, 1890. She has also appeared at concerts 
 in Birmingham and other places ; and at the 
 Leeds Festival of 1895, created a highly 
 favourable impression. She sang at the Nor- 
 wich Festival of 1896, and is gaining a good 
 position among the singers of the day. 
 
 Berry, Thomas, organist and composer, 
 born at Shepley, York, June 21, 1850. He 
 settled in Glasgow about 1873, and has been 
 a teacher and organist there ever since. 
 Among his appointments may be named the 
 organistship of Trinity Congregational Church 
 and Bellhaven Church, Glasgow. He has 
 also given organ recitals in Glasgow and in 
 various parts of Scotland. Composer of 
 various works preserved in manuscript. 
 
44 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BERTINI. 
 
 Bertini, Henri Jerome, composer and 
 pianist of Frencli parentage, born at London, 
 October 28, 1798. Studied under his father, 
 etc. He travelled through Germany and Hol- 
 land, and in England and Scotland. Resided 
 in Paris as teacher and concert-giver from 
 1821. He died at ]\Ieylan, near Grenoble, 
 October 1, 1876. 
 
 Works.— Studies for the pf., op. 29, 32, 66, 
 86, 94, 100, 13.3, 184, 1.34a, 137, 142, 147, 166, 
 175, 176, 177, 178, 180 ; Trios for pf., violin, 
 and 'cello ; Sextets for pf., 2 violins, viola, 
 'cello, and bass, op. 79, 85, 90, 114 ; Sonatas 
 for pf. and violin, op. 152, 153, 156, ; Nonetto 
 for pf. with wind instruments. 
 
 Bervon, Inglis, organist and composer, 
 born in Birmingham, 1837. Principal bass at 
 St. Andrew's, Wells Street, London, 1861 ; 
 organist of the Parish Church, Aberystwith, 
 1866 ; thence to Welshpool, and to St. Marv's 
 Stafford, which last he held till about 1880. 
 Editor of a " Collection of 201 Chants for 
 Psalms and Canticles," and composer of organ 
 pieces (published in the Organists' Quarterly 
 Journal), songs, etc. He died at Shelton, 
 near Hanley, Staffs., December 18, 1891. 
 
 Best, William Thomas, organist and 
 composer, born at Carlisle, August 13, 1826. 
 Took lessons from Young, the cathedral organ- 
 ist, but being intended for the profession of a 
 civil engineer, he only took up the study of 
 music seriously when in Liverpool, 1840, he 
 decided to change his vocation. His first ap- 
 pointment was that of organist at Pembroke 
 Chapel, Liverpool, 1840 ; then, in 1847, to the 
 Church for the Blind; and in 1848, organist to 
 the Liverpool Philharnionic Society. In 1852 
 he was in London, giving recitals on various 
 organs, playing at the Crystal Palace (Hyde 
 Park), April 10. He held the office of organist 
 at Lincoln's Inn Chapel, and in October, 1853, 
 was appointed organist and professor of the 
 organ at the Royal Panopticon. About the 
 beginning of 1855 he was appointed to St. 
 Martin-in-the-Fields, and in August of that 
 year he was elected organist of St. George's 
 Hall, Liverpool. He conducted a grand con- 
 cert, October 10, on the occasion of the visit 
 of the Duke of Cambridge, when the organ 
 was opened, and gave his first popular recital, 
 October 20. For many years he officiated as 
 organist at churches in Birkenhead and Liver- 
 pool, and in 1871 was organist at the Royal 
 Albert Hall at Kensington. Throughout the 
 United Kingdom he was recogi^ised as the 
 finest organist of his time, and his recitals 
 were of the most important service to the art 
 of organ-playing. His influence in promoting 
 uniformity in organ construction has been 
 great. He has given recitals in Paris and 
 Rome, and in 1890 (August 9) opened the vast 
 organ in the Town Hall, Sydney, N.S.W. In 
 February, 1894, ill health caused him to re- 
 
 BETJEMANN. 
 
 sign his appointment at St. George's Hall, 
 and the famous organist, after fifty odd years 
 of artistic activity, retired into private life. 
 A commemorative bust was unveiled in the 
 Hall, October 20, 1896. As a composer, he 
 was known from 1845, when his Fantasia in 
 two movements was published : he is also a 
 fine pianist, and some conapositions for the 
 pianoforte were issued in 1852. In 1880 he 
 received a Civil List pension of £100 per 
 annum. He is an Hon. R.A.M. 
 
 Works. — Two overtures and a march, or- 
 chestra ; Morning and Evening Service in F, 
 op. 40. composed for Leeds Parish Church ; 
 Services, Kyries, etc. ; Behold, I bring you 
 glad tidings ; Praise the Lord, and other an- 
 thems and hynms ; Eighty chorals, selected 
 and newly harmonized for four voices and or- 
 gan, Novello, 1852. Glee, five voices. What 
 mournful thoughts. Tarantella, Allegretto 
 pastorale, Notturno, op. 27, marches, and 
 other pieces for pf . Organ works. The modern 
 school for the organ (1853?) ; The art of organ 
 playing, parts I. and II. (1870) ; Thirty pro- 
 gressive studies ; Collection of pieces, expressly 
 composed for church use, six books ; Six con- 
 cert pieces ; Three preludes and fugues ; Sona- 
 tas in G and D minor ; Fantasias, etc. Ar- 
 rangements from the scores of the Great 
 Masters, five volumes ; Mozart's overture, 
 " Die Zauberflote" (1846) ; Editor of "Cecilia," 
 a collection of organ pieces in diverse styles 
 (containing important compositions of his 
 own, festival overture in B flat, etc., 56 books 
 published, still in progress) ; Organ music by 
 Italian composers; Handel's organ concertos; 
 Handel album ; and a bicentenary edition of 
 the organ works of J. S. Bach, commenced 
 in 1885. 
 
 Bestwick, Lavinia, sec Fenton Lavinia. 
 
 Betjemann, Gilbert Henry, violinist 
 and conductor, hern in London. Pupil of 0. 
 W. Doyle. In 1858 was engaged by Costa as 
 a second violin at the Royal Italian Opera, and 
 later played in the orchestra of the Pyne and 
 Harrison Company. For some years connected 
 with the Carl Rosa Opera Company as violin- 
 ist, conductor, and director of the mise-en- 
 scene. Conducted performances of Royal 
 English Opera Company at Covent Garden 
 Theatre, January, 1884, and Italian Opera at 
 Her Majesty's Theatre in November. Gave 
 Chamber Concerts at Highgate, 1884-5 ; suc- 
 ceeded Dr. J. F. Bridge as Conductor of the 
 Highbury Philharmonic Society in 1886 ; and 
 about two years later was chosen as director 
 of the operatic class at the R.A.M. In 1893 
 he was joint conductor and principal violin 
 at the Promenade Concerts, Covent Garden ; 
 in 1895 he succeeded the late J. T. Carrodus 
 as principal first violin at Covent Garden 
 Opera ; and in 1896 accepted conductorship of 
 the Oxford Orchestral Society. Hon. R.A.M. ; 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 45 
 
 BETTS. 
 
 Associate of the Philharmonic Society, and 
 musician in ordinary to Her Majesty. His 
 son, Gilbert Richard, A.R.A.M., born in 
 London, 1864, was a violinist and composer, 
 and member of the Royal Italian Opera orch- 
 estra. His " Song of the Western Men," for 
 chorus and orchestra, was produced by the 
 Highbury Philharmonic, March, 1890. He 
 has also written some songs and pieces for 
 violin. He was killed while descending the 
 Wetterhorn, September 9, 1896, by falling 
 through a snow bridge. 
 
 Betts, Arthur, violinist and composer, 
 a native of Lincolnshire, born 1774 ? Studied 
 under Hindmarsh, Viotti, Dussek, and Stei- 
 belt. Was for 49 years a member of the 
 Royal Society of Musicians, and celebrated as 
 a violin connoisseur. Died in London, Sep- 
 tember, 1847, aged 73. His daughter was a 
 popular vocalist. Composed sonatas, duets 
 for violin and 'cello, arrangements, etc. 
 
 Betts, Edward, musician and writer of 
 18th century. He compiled " An introduc- 
 tion to the Skill of Musick, anthems, hymns, 
 and psalm tunes, in several parts," London, 
 1724. 
 
 Beugo, John, musician and engraver, 
 born in 1759 ; died at Edinburgh in 1841. 
 He was a friend of Burns, the poet, whose 
 portrait he engraved in 1787, partly from 
 special sittings. He was an engraver of por- 
 traits and similar works in Edinburgh, and 
 an amateur musician. Among other works 
 he issued " The New Caliope, being a selection 
 cf British and occasionally foreign melodies, 
 newly arranged for the pianoforte, and en- 
 graved on copper, by John Beugo." Edin- 
 burgh, 1823-25, published in quarterly parts. 
 
 Bevan, Frederick Charles, bass vocalist 
 and composer, born in London, July 3, 1856. 
 Began his career as a chorister at All Saints', 
 Margaret Street, London, and having a fine 
 voice was, at the age of eleven, chosen as 
 solo boy of the choir. Studied the organ 
 under C. E. Willing, and W. S. Hoyte, and 
 held, for a time, appointments at St. Martin's, 
 Haverstock Hill, and St. Margaret Pattens. 
 Sang in the Henry Leslie and Joseph Barnby 
 choirs, and, after studying with Schira, H. 
 Deacon, and P. Walker, obtained the post of 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, Whitehall, 
 1877, and succeeded the late William Winn 
 at the Chapel Royal St. James's Palace, 1888. 
 Now widely known as a concert-singer, and the 
 composer of a number of songs — The silver path. 
 The sailor's sweetheart. The flight of ages, The 
 dream of my heart. The mighty river. Watch- 
 ing and waiting. My angel. The everlasting day, 
 and others extensively popular. 
 
 Bevin, Elway, Welsh composer and or- 
 ganist, was born about the middle of the 16th 
 century [1560-70]. He studied under Tallis, 
 and was organist of Bristol Cathedral in 1589. 
 
 BIGGS. 
 
 Gentleman Extraordinary of the Chapel Royal 
 1605. Lost both places on its being discovered 
 that he was a Roman Catholic, 1687. He 
 died about 1640. 
 
 Works. — A Briefe and Short Introduction 
 to the Art of Musicke, to teach how to make 
 Discant of all Proportions that are in use: 
 very necessary for all such as are desirous to 
 attaine to knowledge in the Art ; and may, 
 by Practice, if they can sing, soon be able to 
 compose three, four, and five parts ; and also 
 to compose all sorts of Canons that are usuall, 
 by these directions, of two or three parts in 
 one, upon a Plain Song, 1631. A Short Ser- 
 vice in D minor, and Praise the Lord, anthem, 
 in Barnard's Collection. Other anthems exist 
 in manuscript. Bevin is usually credited 
 with having been the first in England to 
 systematise the rules for the composition of 
 canons. 
 
 Bexfield, William Richard, composer 
 and organist, was born at Norwich, April 27, 
 1824. He studied under Dr. Zachariah Buck. 
 Organist of Boston Church, Lincoln, 1846. 
 Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1846. Unsuccessful candi- 
 date for the Music Professorship of Oxford 
 University. Organist of St. Helen's Church, 
 Bishopsgate Street, London, 1848. Mus. Doc, 
 Cantab., 1849. He died at Loudon, October 
 29, 1853. 
 
 Works. — Israel Restored, oratorio, pro- 
 duced, Norwich, October 16, 1851 ; and at the 
 Norwich Festival, September 22, 1852 ; repro- 
 duced. Royal Albert Hall, London, i\.pril 15, 
 1880. Church Anthems, in score, with por- 
 trait, London, [1849]. A set of concert fu- 
 gues for the organ, Loudon, [1845-1846.] 
 Musica di camera [1848] . Eight Chorales 
 for voices and organ [1845-1847 ?]. Six songs 
 [1847], part-songs, etc. 
 
 Bickham, George, engraver and penman, 
 flourished in the first part of the 18th century. 
 He engraved " The Musical Entertainer," 
 London, 2 vols. [c. 1737], a collection of songs 
 of some value. He died in 1769. 
 
 Bicknell, John Laurence, writer and 
 barrister-at-law, was born in 1740, and died 
 March 27, 1787. He wrote a poem called 
 " The dying negro," and is the reputed author 
 of " Musical travels through England, by 
 Joel Collier, Licentiate in Music." London, 
 1774 (various editions). In 1818 appeared 
 " Redivivus, an entirely new edition of that 
 celebrated author's Musical Travels." The 
 work is a satire on Burney, and is an amusing 
 production now getting very scarce. It has 
 also been ascribed to Peter Beckford, a writer 
 on musical and other subjects. 
 
 Biggs, Edward Smith, glee composer 
 and pianist, was born during the latter half of 
 the 18th century, and died about 1820. He 
 was a teacher of music in London. 
 
 Works. — Six duets and three trios, London, 
 
46 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 BIGGS. 
 
 1800; Six Sicilian airs for one voice, London, 
 1805 ; Six Welsh airs adapted to English 
 words, and harmonized for two, three and four 
 voices, London, two sets ; Four sets of twelve 
 Venetian airs for one voice, London, 1800 ; 
 Six songs, written by Mrs. Opie, London, 1 800. 
 Glees : Ah ! me, with that false one ; A poor 
 soul sat sighing ; Bring the song ; Hark ! 
 what sound ; Here beneath this willow 
 sleepeth ; Here's lawn as white as driven 
 snow ; In my cot, tho' small's my store ; 
 Lost is my quiet for ever ; Now ev'ning's 
 come ; ! synge unto mie Roundelaie ; 
 Under the greenwood tree ; Where feeds your 
 flock ; Will you buy any tape ? Songs : The 
 suicide ; Come, my lads, time posts away ; 
 Fox and the crow ; Barbara Allan ; Where 
 are you going my pretty maid ? Duets. 
 Pianoforte : Twenty-eight Waltzes ; Rondos 
 and marches. 
 
 Biggs, Rev. L. C, author of "English 
 Hymnology " (a series of articles reprinted 
 from the "Monthly Packet.") 
 
 Biggs, Walter Lyle, organist, composer, 
 and conductor, born at Netting Hill, London, 
 September 16, 1857. Received his first musi- 
 cal instruction from his mother's uncle, the 
 Rev. S. Lillycrop {q.v.), afterwards studied 
 organ and harmony under G. F. Geaussent. 
 Was organist of All Saints', Child's Hill, 
 Kilburn, 1877-81, and in 1882, elected, after 
 competition, to St. Peter le Bailey, Oxford, 
 since when he has founded a musical society, 
 given oratorio services in the Church, and 
 concerts in the Old Town Hall. He con- 
 ducted the Holy Trinity Musical Society, 
 1887-8 ; and in 1895 founded ihe East Oxford 
 Musical Society. He has also given organ 
 recitals in Wadham, Worcester, and Trinity 
 College Chapels. 
 
 Works. — Sacred cantata, Elihu, Op. 3 
 (produced, Wadham College Chapel, July, 
 1891) ; Psalms 147-8-9 and 150, Op. 5, 6, 7, 8, 
 for soli, chorus and orchestra; Epithalamium 
 (Spenser), Op. 4, for soprano and baritone 
 soli, men's chorus, and small orchestra ; 
 Church compositions, Op. 2. Fairy opera, 
 Marie (libretto by Mrs. Linsley, produced, 
 Oxford Institute, February, 1896); Set of 
 four songs. Op. 9 ; Short organ pieces, Op. 1. 
 Of these only the Cantata and Church com- 
 positions are yet published. 
 
 Bilby, Thomas, musician, was born at 
 Southampton, April 18, 1794. He served for 
 some time in the army, but subsequently 
 entered the teaching profession. For twenty- 
 eight years he was parish clerk of St. Mary's, 
 Islington. He died at Islington, London, 
 September 24, 1872. He is only known as 
 the composer of the hymn-tune called " Joy- 
 ful," which is usually sung to his own words 
 " Here we suffer grief and pain." 
 
 Billington, Elizabeth, born Weichsel, 
 
 BILTON. 
 
 soprano vocalist, born in Soho, London, about 
 1768. She studied under her father, who was 
 a German, and Schroeter, from an early age. 
 In 1782 she sang at Oxford, and in October, 
 1783 she was married to James Billington, a 
 double-bass player of Drury Lane Theatre. 
 She appeared on the stage at Dublin in 178.3, 
 and sang in different parts of Ireland till 1786. 
 She sang in "Love in a Village" at London, 
 February 13, 1786. Afterwards, she went to 
 Paris, but in 1787 she returned to London. 
 Owing, in part, to anonymous attacks on her 
 character, she went to Italy with her husband 
 in 1794, and appeared in various cities with 
 much success, In 1799 she married a French- 
 man named Felissent (Billington having died 
 in 1794), but left him, owing to his ill-treat- 
 ment, and returned to London in 1801, when 
 she appeared at Covent Garden, King's Thea- 
 tre, etc. In 1811 she retired, and in 1817 she 
 was reconciled to her husband. She died at 
 St. Artein, August 25, 1818. Full details of her 
 career will be found in Hogarth's " IMemoirs 
 of the Musical Drama," and in " Memoirs of 
 Mrs. Billington from her birth ; containing a 
 a variety of matter, ludicrous, theatrical, 
 musical, and with copies of several original 
 letters written by Mrs. Billington to her 
 mother," London, 1792. A suppressed book, 
 to which she replied in " An Answer to the 
 Memoirs of Mrs. Billington," 1792. 
 
 Billington, Thomas, pianist, harpist, 
 and composer, was born at Exeter in 1754. 
 He lived in London as a teacher of the piano 
 and harp, but died at Tunis in 1832. 
 
 Works. — Music to Gray's Elegies, Op. 8 '. 
 Pope's Eloisa to Abelard ; Prior's Garland ; 
 Petrarch's Laura; The Children in the Wood, 
 Morton ; Four sets of twelve canzonets for 
 two voices, London, 1784-90; Six songs for 
 voice and pianoforte ; Shenstone's Pastorals, 
 consisting of 24 ballads ; Music to Young's 
 Night Thoughts, 1790 ; Music to Pope's Elegy 
 to the Memory of an unfortunate Lady ; 
 Numerous glees ; Songs ; Scotch airs, etc., 
 harmonized, London [1785] ; Six sonatas for 
 harpsichord or pianoforte. Op. 5 ; Three trios 
 for a violin, tenor, and 'cello. Op. 7 [1780] . 
 
 Bilton, J. Manuel, bandmaster and 
 composer, born at Plymouth, October 8, 1862, 
 son of a master-at-arms in the Royal Navy. 
 Educated at the Royal Naval School, Green- 
 wich, and joining the school band, his playing 
 the baritone at a concert of the band at the 
 Crystal Palace, 1875, attracted the attention 
 of J. Lawson, bandmaster of the Royal Ar- 
 tillery Brass Band, who took him into that 
 band. He met with a friend in Colonel Hime, 
 who helped him in every way. In 1886 he 
 was appointed Trumpet-Major of a Brigade of 
 Artillery at Limerick, and studied under 
 Stanislaus Elliott, and in 1887 entered Kueller 
 Hall. After the death of Charles Cousins 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 47 
 
 BINFIELD. 
 
 (May 1890) Bilton was made Director pro tern, 
 an office which he filled until his appointment 
 as Bandmaster of the 17th Lancers, in Feb- 
 ruary, 1891. He began composition very early, 
 and his first attempt was a Grand Overture. 
 This, rewritten and corrected, was performed 
 at Woolwich, in 1878. At the Mihtary Ex- 
 hibition of 1890, he was awarded prizes for a 
 Morning Service, Concert Overture, and a 
 work for brass, military, and string band, 
 singly and collectively. He has also written 
 a Wind Quintet, Cantata, " The Wreck of the 
 Hesperus," a Symphony, and Overtures. 
 
 Binfield, a musical family of importance, 
 for many years prominent in the town of 
 Reading, Berks, where the first of the name, 
 Richard Binfield, established a music busi- 
 ness in 1799. He was organist of St Laurence 
 Church from 1804 to the time of his death, 
 1839. The Berkshire Musical Festival, dating 
 back at least to 1786, was for many years 
 under his direction, and he conducted a 
 performance of the " Messiah " so late as 
 September 28, 1839, when Balfe sang some of 
 the bass solos. He edited and compiled the 
 Reading Psalmody, and Reading Choral Ser- 
 vice, works much in use in the neighbourhood 
 for a long time. His son, John Bilson Bin- 
 field, born at Reading, 1805, was an organist, 
 and appears to have continued the Triennial 
 Festivals, as they were given up to the year 
 1846. He was the first to set Dean Milman's 
 *' Martyr of Antioch " to music (Milnian being 
 vicar of St Mary's, Reading, 1818-35). He 
 died at Reading, June 8, 1875. Another son, 
 Thomas Binfield, settled in London, where 
 he was engaged as a violoncellist. He was 
 also a good violinist and pianist. Member of 
 the Royal Society of ]\Iusicians. Died, Lon- 
 don, December 23, 1840. — R. L. Binfield, a 
 third son, was in the business at Reading, 
 and conducted Choral Concerts, but no par- 
 ticulars can be gleaned concerning him. — 
 Hannah Rampton Binfield, born at Read- 
 ing, 1810, sister of those preceding, was in 
 her turn proprietor of the business. She was 
 an excellent pianist and harpist, and con- 
 tributed many hymn tunes and chants to the 
 collections edited by her father, whom she 
 succeeded as organist of St. Laurence, a post 
 she held for forty-five years, Her annual 
 concerts were the chief events of the Reading 
 musical season, and she played, at the Fes- 
 tival of 1839, a concerto upon the organ. 
 Her death took place at Reading, May 2, 1887. 
 Fanny Jane daughter of John Bilson Binfield, 
 was a pianist and concert-giver, and an artist 
 of repute. She died at Reading, September 
 3, 1881. Of other members of the family 
 little can be ascertained, but Louisa Bin- 
 field, as a performer on the concertina, was 
 often heard at Reading and elsewhere from 
 thirty to forty years ago. Another, Louisa 
 
 BIRCH. 
 
 Binfield, third daughter of Richard, died at 
 Reading, November 26, 1856. 
 
 Bingley, Rev.William,writer and clergy- 
 man, was born at Doncaster in 1774. He 
 studied at Cambridge, where he graduated M. A. 
 He died at London, March 11, 1823. Author 
 of " Musical Biography, or Memoirs of the 
 lives and writings of the most eminent musi- 
 cal composers and writers who have flourished 
 in the different countries of Europe during the 
 last three centuries," London, 1814, 2 vols.; 
 2nd edition, London, 1834, 2 vols. Animal 
 Biography, 1802, 3 vols., etc. He also added 
 " Sixty of the most admired Welsh airs, col- 
 lected by W. Bingley, the basses and varia- 
 tions arranged for the pf. by W. Russell, 
 jun.," London, 1810. 
 
 Binney, Thomas, clergyman and author, 
 published " The Service of Song in the House 
 of the Lord," London, 1849. He edited Baird's 
 Liturgies, and wrote numerous other works. 
 
 Birch, Charlotte Ann, soprano vocalist, 
 was born at London in 1815 ; and died there 
 in 1857. She sang chiefly at London and pro- 
 vincial concerts. 
 
 Birch, Edward, clergyman, author of "A 
 Tract on Responding, with a postscript on 
 Singing," Manchester, 1862. 
 
 Birch, Edward Henry, organist. Received 
 his training in music at the Cathedrals of Glou- 
 cester and Winchester. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1875. Has held organ appointments 
 successively at St. Saviour's, Eastbourne 
 (1872) ; St. Gabriel's, Warwick Square, London 
 (1873) ; All Saints', Kensington Park (1874) ; 
 St. James's, Notting Hill (1886); Choirmaster, 
 St. Columbas', Notting Hill. His composi- 
 tions include a cantata, " Vortigern and Row- 
 ena" (produced Ladbroke Hall, Notting Hill, 
 April 12, 1891), an Evening service, and other 
 church mnsic, organ pieces, etc. 
 
 Birch, James Albert, alto vocalist, born 
 at Sheffield, 1839. Sang in church choirs in 
 Sheffield, and subsequently was in the choir 
 of Canterbury Cathedral (1873-6) ; then at 
 Westminster Abbey ; and finally at the Chapel 
 Royal, St. James's, a post he retire! from in 
 1892, owing to ill health. Lecturer on vocal 
 music at the Church Missionary College ; 
 founder and conductor of the Temperance 
 Choral Society ; and sometime conductor of the 
 London Board School Festival Concerts at the 
 Crystal Palace. Musical editor of the Stan- 
 dard Book of Song, for Temperance Meetings 
 and Home Use, and author of a booklet. The 
 Voice Trainer. A Vice-President of the Tonic 
 Sol-fa Association, he was a zealous worker 
 to the last. He died somewhat suddenly, at 
 Hastings, June 22, 1895. 
 
 Birch, Samuel, composer and minor poet, 
 was born at London, November 8, 1757. He 
 served as a Lord Mayor of London in 1815. 
 Died at London, December 10, 1841. 
 
48 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BIRCH. 
 
 Works. — Musical dramas, etc.: The Marin- 
 ers, 1793 ; Packet Boat, or a peep behind the 
 veil (a masque), 1794 ; Adopted child, 1795 ; 
 Smugglers, 1796 ; Fast asleep, 1795 ; Albert 
 and Adelaide, 1798. Glees, songs, etc. To 
 some of these musical dramas, Attwood and 
 others wrote the ixiusic. 
 
 Birch, William, organist and composer, 
 born at Lichfield in 1775. He was an organist 
 at Tamworth, and died November 17, 1815. 
 Another William Birch issued " Sacred Mu- 
 sic, consisting of psalms, hymns, anthems, 
 etc." London [1825]. 
 
 Birch, William Henry, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Uxbridge, May 5, 182G. He 
 studied under Elvey, Blagrove, and R. Bar- 
 nett. He became organist of St. Mary's 
 Church, Amersham, and was a teacher of music 
 at Caversham, near Reading. He died there 
 July 18, 1888. 
 
 Works. — The Merry men of Sherwood For- 
 est, operetta, 1872 ; Wreck of the Argosy, can- 
 tata, 1879 ; Twelve anthems, Reading, 1877. 
 Choruses, glees, quartetts, trios, etc, 1856. 
 Canticles of the Church of England [1875] ; 
 Evensong, a selection of hymns and chants 
 [1860] ; Gems of sacred harmony [1853] , 
 Sabbath Recreation, a selection of favourite 
 sacred melodies . . . 1857; Standard Psalmist 
 . . . [1853-4] . Comic series of juvenile songs, 
 concertina albums, journals, pf. music, songs, 
 etc., etc. 
 
 Bird, George, organist, was appointed to 
 the Parish Church, Walthamstow, March 26, 
 1829, after playing on probation with other 
 candidates from the previous Advent Sunday, 
 November 30, 1828. This post he held till the 
 time of his death, August 14, 1894, a period 
 exceeding 65 years, during which he officiated 
 under three vicars, and assisted at the conse- 
 cration of the first three of the churches 
 which have been added to the district. He 
 edited "A collection of 100 chants" (Novello), 
 and a Hymn Tune-Book, in much use in their 
 day. His son, Henry Richard Bird, born at 
 Walthamstow, November 14, 1842, was ap- 
 pointed organist of St. John's, Walthamstow, 
 in 1851. Then for some years he studied with 
 J. Turle, and in 1858 was elected organist of 
 St. Mark's, Clerkenwell ; in 1860 appointed to 
 Holy Trinity, Sloane Street; in 1866 to St. 
 Gabriel's, Pimhco ; and in 1872 to St. Mary 
 Abbots, Kensington, a post he retains. He 
 was organist at the Festivals of the London 
 Church Choir Association, at St. Paul's Cathe- 
 dral in 1880-1 ; and has for a long time given 
 concerts at Kensington. In 1891 he was ap- 
 pointed accompanist at the Monday and Sat- 
 urday Popular Concerts, a capacity in which 
 he is in much request. He is a Professor of the 
 pf. at R.C.M., and at Trinity College, London. 
 
 Bird, William, musician of Watford, is- 
 sued " A Set of Psalm and Hymn Tunes with 
 
 BISHOP. 
 
 an Anthem for four voices," London, 1807, 
 2nd edition, 1810; "Original Psalmody, 57 
 Psalm and Hymn Tunes in score . . . revised 
 by S. Wesley," 1827, also 1830 ; " Gems of 
 metrical Psalmody," London, 1835. 
 
 Bird, William Hamilton, musician, pub- 
 lished " The Oriental Miscellany, a collection 
 of the most favourite airs of Hindoostan, 
 adapted for the harpsichord," Calcutta, 1789. 
 
 Birde, William, sec Byrd, William. 
 
 Birkensha, John, Irish author and 
 musician, who lived in London as a teacher 
 of the viol during the first half of the 17th 
 century. He translated the " Templum 
 Musicum," of Alstedius, as " Templum 
 Musicum, or the musical synopsis of the 
 learned and famous Johannes Henricus, Al- 
 stedius : being a compendium of the rudi- 
 ments both of the mathematical and practical 
 part of musick . . " London, 1664. 
 
 Birnie, Patie, or Patrick, violinist and 
 minor poet, who lived at Kinghorn, in Fife, 
 at the end of the 17th century. He wrote 
 " The auld man's mear's dead " and other 
 songs, and was a famous fiddler in his day.. 
 He distinguished himself at the Battle of 
 Bothwell Bridge, which he took part in as 
 one of the Fife militia, by running away. 
 
 Bishenden, Charles James, bass vocalist 
 and teacher, born at Hemel-Hempstead, 
 Herts, in 1848. Has sung with success in his 
 native town and other places. He was one of 
 the early advocates for the adoption of the 
 French pitch in this country. In 1882 he 
 married Isabel Mary Beachey, a vocalist, who 
 has appeared with him at various concerts. 
 He is the author of a pamphlet, "The voice, 
 and how to use it," and " How to sing," etc. 
 
 Bishop, Anna, born Riviere, wife of the 
 undernoted. A French soprano vocalist, was 
 born in London, 1812 [1814-15]. She studied 
 under Moscheles at the R.A.M., and married 
 Sir Henry Bishop, 1832. Debut at London, 
 1887. She sang at the musical festivals of 
 Gloucester, York, and Hereford. She left her 
 husband and travelled with Bochsa in Europe 
 1839. Appeared in Copenhagen, 1839. She 
 sang in Stockholm in 1840 ; St. Petersburg, 
 1840; in Russia, 1840-1; in Austria, etc., 
 1842 ; Italy, 1843. She went to America in 
 1846, and travelled there and in Australia, etc., 
 1858-8. She married Martin Schultz, of New 
 York, 1858. Returned to England, 1858, and 
 in 1859 went back to America. She travelled 
 round the world, concert-giving, in 1865-69, 
 and again in 1873-76. Between the years 
 1839 and 1848 she sang at 260 concerts. She 
 was a cultivated vocalist and member of 
 many musical societies. She died at New 
 York, March 18 [20], 1884. 
 
 Bishop, 5ir Henry Rowley, composer, 
 was born at London, November 18, 1786. He 
 studied music under P. Bianchi, and became 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 49 
 
 BISHOP. 
 
 musical director at Druiy Laue Theatre, 1810- 
 11. Founded (with others) the Philharmonic 
 Society, 1813. VisitedDublia, 1820. Conductor 
 at Drury Laue Theatre, 1825. Musical direc- 
 tor of Vauxhall Gardens, 1830. He married 
 (1st) Sarah Lyon (died 1831) and (2nd) Anna 
 Reviere. IMus. Bac, Oxon., 1889. Musical 
 director at Covent Garden Theatre, 1840-41. 
 Conductor of the Ancient Concerts, 1840-48. 
 Professor of I\Iusic at the Edinburgh Univer- 
 sity (in succession to John Thomson), 1841-3. 
 Knighted, 1842. Professor of Music at Oxford 
 University (in succession to Dr. Crotch), 1848. 
 Mus. Doc, Oxon., 1853. He died at London, 
 April 30, 1855. Buried at Fiuchley (or Mary- 
 lebone) Cemetry. 
 
 V^ORKs.— Operas and Musical Dramas : An- 
 gelina farce, 1804 ; Tamerlan et Bajazet, ballet, 
 1806 ; Narcissa et les Graces, grand Anac- 
 reontic ballet, 1806 ; Caractacus, ballet, 1806 ; 
 Love in a tub, a pastoral ballet, 1806 ; 
 Mysterious bride, 1808 ; Circassian bride, 1809 ; 
 Mora's love, ballet, 1809 ; Vintagers, 1809 ; 
 Maniac, or Swiss banditti, 1810 ; Knight of 
 Snowdoun, 1811; Virgin of the sun, 1812; 
 CEthiop, or Child of the desert, 1812 ; liene- 
 gade, 1812 ; Haroun Alraschid (altered from 
 ^thiop), 1813 : Brazen bust, 1813 ; Harry Le 
 Roy, 1813; Miller and his men, 1813; For 
 England ho! 1813; Farmer's wife (with Reeve 
 and Davy), 1814; Wandering boys, or the 
 Castle of Olival, 1814 ; Sadak aud Kalasrade, 
 or the Waters of oblivion, 1814; Grand alliance, 
 1814; Forest of Bondy, or Dog of IMontargus, 
 1814 ; Maid of the mill, comic opera, 1814 ; 
 Noble outlaw, 1815; Telemachus, 1815; Mid- 
 summer night's dream (Shakespeare), 1816 ; 
 Guy Mannering, or the Gypsey's prophecy 
 (from Scott), (with Whittaker), 1816 ; Heir of 
 Vironi, or Honesty the best policy, 1817 ; Don 
 Juan, or the Libertine (compiled from Mozart), 
 1817 ; Duke of Savoy, or Wife and mistress, 
 1817; Barberof Seville(compiledfromRossini), 
 1818 ; Marriage of Figaro (compiled from Moz- 
 art), 1819 ; Heart of Midlothian (from Scott), 
 1819 ; A Rowland for an Oliver, 1819 ; Gnome 
 king, or the Giant mountains, 1819 ; Comedy 
 of errors (Shakespeare), 1819 ; Antiquary (from 
 Scott), 1820; Battle of Bothwell Brigg, 1820; 
 Henri Quatre, or Paris in the olden time, 1820 ; 
 Twelfth night (Shakespeare), 1820; Don John, 
 or the Two Violettas, 1820 ; Two gentlemen of 
 Verona (Shakespeare), 1821; Montrose, or the 
 Children of the mist (from Scott), 1820; Law 
 of Java, 1822 ; Maid Marian, or the Huntress 
 of Arlingford, opera, 1822; Clari, or the Maid 
 of Milan, opera in three acts (J. H. Payne), 
 1823 ; Beacon of liberty, 1823 ; Cortez, or the 
 Conquest of Mexico, 1823 ; Native land, or Re- 
 turn from slavery, 1824; Charles the Second, 
 operetta, 1824 ; Fall of Algiers, opera, 3 acts, 
 1825: Hofer, the Tell of the Tyrol (compiled 
 from Rossini), 1825 ; Edward the Black Prince, 
 
 BISHOP. 
 
 1825; Aladdin, or the Wonderful lamp, opera 
 (by J. R. Planche), London, 1825 ; Knights of 
 the cross, opera, 1820 ; Under the oak, opera, 
 1830: Adelaide, or the Royal William, opera, 
 1832 ; Home, sweet home, operacic drama, 2 
 acts, 1832 ; Magic fan, or the Fillip on the 
 nose, operetta, 1832 ; Yelva, musical drama, 2 
 acts, 1833; Rencontre, operatic comedy, 1833; 
 Doom kiss, opera, 1836; Slave, opera in 3 acts 
 (by J. R. Planch6), 1816 ; As you like it (Shakes- 
 peare) ; Aurora, ballet ; Brother and sister, 
 
 1814 ; Cymon (from M. Arne), 1815 ; Comus, 
 
 1815 : Dr. Sangrado, ballet, 1814 ; December 
 and May ; Don Pedro, tragedy (2 glees) ; Der 
 Freyschutz (compiled from Weber), 1824 ; 
 Englishman in India, comic opera, 1827 ; 
 Paustus, 1825 ; Fortunatus and his sons, 
 1819; John of Paris (from Boieldieu), 1814 ; 
 John du Bart (incidental music), 1815 ; Nin- 
 etta, opera, 3 acts ; Bottle of champagne, op- 
 eretta ; Czar of Muscovy, opera ; Humorous 
 lieutenant, 1817 ; Romance of a day, operatic 
 drama ; Zuma, or the Tree of health, comic 
 opera, 1818. Fallen angel, oratorio ; Seventh 
 day, cantata, 1833. Glees : Six original En- 
 glish glees (poetry by Hemans, Baillie, etc.) ; 
 'Twelve original English glees ; Complete col- 
 lection of glees, 8 vols., 1839 (other collections 
 have since appeared, one — Novello's — with 
 orchestral accompaniments). Songs : Songs 
 for the seasons, by T. H. Bayly ; Select and 
 rare Scottish melodies, poetry by Hogg; Songs 
 of the old chateau, poetry by Bayly ; Lays 
 and legends of the Rhine, J. R. Planche; Do. 
 of the Upper Rhine ; IMelodies of various na- 
 tions, Bayly ; Songs for leisure hours, W. Wal- 
 ton; Edition of Handel's trios, choruses, etc.; 
 Grand triumphal ode. Accession of the king ; 
 Funeral ode ; Jolly beggars, cantata by Robert 
 Burns ; Single songs in great numbers. Pf. 
 music, and various pieces of instrumental 
 music. English national melodies, poetry, 
 edited by Clias. Mackay. Syllabus of a course 
 of six lectures on the origin and progress of 
 the lyric drama, or opera ... to be delivered 
 in the Manchester Athenaeum, 8vo, 1845. 
 
 Bishop is now remembered chiefly by his 
 songs and glees, which are among the fuiest 
 specimens of the modern English School. 
 None of his operas or musical dramas save 
 ' ' Guy Mannering ' ' are now performed. IMany 
 of them were mere occasional pieces, but a 
 number of the songs and concerted vocal pieces 
 scattered through them are in constant use 
 by vocalists and choral societies. 
 
 Bishop, John, composer and organist, 
 born in 1665. Studied under Daniel Rosein- 
 grave. In 1687 he was lay-vicar at King's 
 College, Cambridge, and in 1688 became 
 teacher of choristers. Organist of Wiiichester 
 College in succession to Jeremiah Clark in 
 1695 ; lay -vicar of Winchester Cathedral, and 
 in 1729 succeeded Vaughan Richardson as 
 
50 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 BISHOP. 
 
 organist. He died at Winchester, December 
 19, 1737. _He^ published "A Sett of new 
 Psalm Tu'ues^Jih four jiarts," cantus, mediiis, 
 tenor "and b'assus, J. Walsh [1700]; "Supple- 
 ment to the new Psalm-book, consisting of 6 
 new anthems and 6 new Psalm tunes," Lon- 
 don, 1725 ; and seme of his compositioias in 
 
 . MS. are in the British Museum. 
 
 Bishop, John, organist and author, born 
 at Cheltenham, July 31, 1818. He was suc- 
 cessively organist of St. Paul's, Cheltenham, 
 
 ' 1831 ; Blackburn, 1838-39 ; St. James', Chel- 
 tenham ; Roman Catholic Chapel, and St. 
 
 .John's, Cheltenham. These appointments he 
 resigned in 1852. He died at Cheltenham, 
 February 3, 1890. 
 
 Works — Anthems, organ music, songs, etc. 
 Two collections of Chants, 1852-57, containing 
 " Remarks on the singing of the daily Psalms." 
 Brief inemoir of George Frederick Handel, 
 1856. Remarks on the caiTses of the present 
 generally degraded state of music in our 
 churches, 1860. Repertorium Musicse An- 
 tiquse — a miscellaneous collection of classical 
 composijiions by the greatest masters of Italy, 
 Germany, ed. (with J. Warren) London, 1848. 
 He edited various collections of organ music, 
 and translated various works on musical 
 theory by Czerny, Reicha, G. Weber, Otto, 
 Spohr, etc. 
 
 Bisse, Thomas, clergyman and author, 
 published "A Sermon preached at Hereford 
 at the meeting of the choirs of Hereford, 
 Gloucester and Worcester, in September, 
 1726 — ' I got me men-singers and women- 
 singers and the delights of the sons of men, 
 as musical instruments, and that of all sorts,' " 
 1726. Dr. Bisse was the virtual founder of 
 the Three Choirs Festivals, which he first 
 proposed at Gloucester in 1724. 
 
 Bisset, Catherine, pianist, born London 
 in 1795. She was eldest daughter of Robert 
 Bisset, LL.D., author of a "Life of Burke," 
 and other works. She studied under J. B. 
 Cramer, and first appeared at the New Musi- 
 cal Fund Concert in 1811. In 1823 she ap- 
 peared at Paris, and thereafter was much 
 engaged in London as pianist at private con- 
 certs. She died at Barnes in February, 1864. 
 Her younger sister, Elizabeth Anne (born 
 London, 1800; died — ?), was a harp-player 
 and composer, who studied under F. Dizi. 
 She published a number of arrangements and 
 fantasias for the harp and pianoforte. 
 
 Black, Andrew, baritone vocalist, born 
 in Glasgow, January 15, 1859. Was for some 
 time organist of the Anderston U. P. Church, 
 Glasgow, but developing a fine baritone voice, 
 he studied singing under A. Randegger, and 
 J. B. Welch ; afterwards receiving instruc- 
 tion from Domenico Scafati in Milan. From 
 1884 his singing attracted attention in Scot- 
 land ; but it was at the Crystal Palace Concert, 
 
 BLAGROVE. 
 
 July 30, 1887, that he achieved his first great 
 success. He sang there twice during the fol- 
 lowing month, and from that time his advance 
 was rapid. He made a tour in America, and 
 sang in opera. His first appearance at a pro- 
 vincial Festival was at Leeds in 1892 ; and in 
 1894 he was selected for the title part in 
 "Elijah" at the Birmingham Festival, and 
 was engaged for the same at Gloucester in 
 1895, and at Norwich, 1896. He has sung at 
 all the most important concerts in the King- 
 dom. Since its opening, in 1893, he has been a 
 professor of singing at the Manchester Royal 
 College of Music. He is a painter of consider- 
 able ability, and his wife is an accomplished 
 pianist. 
 
 Blackwell, Isaac, composer, flourished 
 during latter part of 17th century. Com- 
 posed " Choice Ayres, Songs, and Dialogues 
 to the theorbo-lute and bass-violo," London, 
 1657. 
 
 Blackwood, Helen, see Dufferin, Lady. 
 
 Blagrave, Thomas, composer and mu- 
 sician, was born in Berkshire about 1661. He 
 was a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, and a 
 inember of the private band of Charles II. 
 He died on November 21, 1688, and is buried 
 in the north cloister of Westminster Abbey. 
 He composed a few songs. 
 
 Blagrove, Richard, violinist and teacher. 
 Author of "A New and Improved System tc 
 the Art of Playing the Violin." Lond., 1828. 
 Fantasias, etc., for pf., concertina, etc. His 
 brother William, who died at London in 
 1858, was also a violinist. 
 
 Blagrove, Henry Gamble, violinist, was 
 born at Nottingham, October 20th, . 1811. 
 Sou of above. First appeared in public,',1816. 
 Taken to London by his father, 1817. Played 
 at Drury Lane Theatre, 1817. Studied under 
 Spagnoletti, 1821, and became a pupil at the 
 R.A.M., 1823. Gained silver medal, R.A.M., 
 for violin playing, 1824. Member of Queen 
 Adelaide's private band, 1830-1837. Studied 
 under Spohr in Germany, 1832-34. Played at 
 London Concerts and Provincial Festivals. 
 He died at London, December 15th, 1872. 
 
 Blagrove, Richard Manning, viola and 
 concertina player, brother of the preceding, 
 was born at Nottingham. In 1837 he entered 
 the R.A.M., studying the viola under H. Hill. 
 He also studied the concertina, and played 
 a solo on that instrument at the Hanover 
 Square Rooms, March 12th, 1842. With 
 Giulio Regondi, George Case, and A. B. Sedg- 
 wick, he formed a concertina quartet, the 
 first concert taking place in the room just 
 named, June 12th, 1844. The next year 
 found him engaged at concerts as pianoforte 
 accompanist, and viola player in his brother 
 Henry's quartet concerts. From that time 
 onward he was prominent in musical work. 
 On the death of Henry HiU, in 1856, he 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 51 
 
 BLAIKIE. 
 
 succeeded him as principal viola in the Phil- 
 harmonic orchestra, and at the Three Choirs 
 Festivals, posts he held until 1894. For 
 many years, up to 1890, he was a professor at 
 the R.A.M., and a Fellow of that Institution. 
 In 1890, he began a series of concerts at 
 Clapham Hall, assisted by his sons Stanley 
 and Arthur, and his wife, nee Freeth, a 
 gifted pianist. He died in London, October 
 21st, 1895. Published Concertina Journal, 
 1853, Fantasias, etc., pf. and concertina. It 
 was sxjecially for him that G. A. jNIacfarren 
 wrote his concertina quintet. 
 
 Blaikie, Andrew, engraver and musician, 
 who flourished in Paisley in the first half of 
 the present century. He noted down and 
 engraved the tunes in " IMotherwell's ]\Iin- 
 strelsy," 1827, and was the owner of two 17th 
 century musical manuscripts of considerable 
 value. 
 
 Blair, Hugh, organist and composer, 
 eldest sou of the late Rev. R. H. Blair, M.A., 
 F.R.A.S., of Ayrshire family. He was born 
 at Worcester, May 26th, 1861, and educated 
 in Yorkshire, and the Cathedral school, 
 Worcester, studying music under the late 
 Dr. Done. In 1883 he gained the Choral 
 Scholarship at Christ College, Cambridge, 
 where he was a pupil of Dr. Garrett, and Sir 
 G. A. Macfarren. He graduated B.A., 1886, 
 and Mus. Bac, 1887. Deputy organist at 
 Worcester Cathedral, 1887, he was appointed 
 organist-in-charge, 1889, and succeeded Dr. 
 Done as organist in 1895. He conducted the 
 opening service of the Worcester Festival in 
 1890, and the Festivals of 1893-6. He is 
 Conductor of Musical Societies at Worcester 
 and Redditch, and a Vice-President of the 
 London Church Orchestral Society. 
 
 His compositions include two Cantatas : — 
 " Harvest Tide " (Trinity Church, Barnes, 
 1892) ; " Blessed are they who watch " (Wor- 
 cester, 1894) ; Festival Evening Service, eight 
 voices (Worcester Festival, 1887) ; Evening 
 Service in B flat (Gloucester Festival, 1892) ; 
 Te Deum and Jubilate in D (Worcester Festi- 
 val, 1893) ; Anthems, Services, etc. 
 
 Blair, William, violinist and composer, 
 born at Crathie, Aberdeenshire, October 26th, 
 1793, died there November 12th, 1884. He 
 was faurous as a player of Scots dance music, 
 and was a sort of fiddler to Queen Victoria 
 fronr 1848. He composed some dance music, 
 and is remembered by his strathspey, entitled, 
 " The Queen's Fiddler's compliments to ]\Ir. 
 Troup." His sons John and James are also 
 violinists. 
 
 Blake, Benjamin, composer, was born at 
 Kingsland, London, 1751. He studied music by 
 himself, and learned the violin, 1760. INIember 
 of orchestra of Italian opera, London, 1768. 
 Professor of music in Public School at Ken- 
 sington, 1789-1810. He died in London, 1827. 
 
 BLEW. 
 
 Works. — Three bocks of sis duets for violin 
 and viola. Six sonatas for pf. and violin. 
 Collection of sacred music for voices and 
 organ. Three solos for viola, with accompani- 
 ment for bass. Glees and songs. A musical 
 dialogue between master and scholar. Six 
 duets for violin and tenor (1765) , 2nd sett ; 
 3rd sett. Op. 3 ; Six sonatas for the pf.. Op. 4. 
 Miscellaneous collection of vocal music, Op, 
 
 6, 1814. ; 
 
 Blake, Rev. Edward, composer, was born 
 at Salisbury, 1708. Fellow of Oriel College, 
 Oxford. Prebendary of Salisbury Cathedral, 
 and rector of Tortworth, Gloucester, 1757. 
 Perpetual Curate of St. Thomas' Church, 
 Salisbury. Vicar of St. Mary the Virgin, 
 Oxford, 1754. He died on June 11, 1765. 
 Composed anthems and instrmnental duets. 
 
 Blakeley, William, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Wakefield, February 12, 1852. 
 He studied imder Dr. W. S^jark and Dr. J. 
 F. Bridge. In 1868 he became organist of 
 Thornes Church, Wakefield ; Wakefield Choral 
 Society, 1868-69 ; and afterwards at Croydon, 
 Batlev, Morningside U. P. Church, Edin- 
 burgh, 1881-90 ; Queen's Park Parish Church, 
 Glasgow, 1890. He is a Mus. Bac. of Toronto. 
 
 Composer of "Jonah," an oratorio; an- 
 thems, part-songs, songs, and music for the 
 organ, etc. Also "Prize Psahiiody," a col- 
 lection of original hpnn tunes. 
 
 Blancks, Edward, composer of tunes in 
 Este's " Whole booke of Psahnes," 1592. He 
 lived during the latter part of the 16th and 
 and beginning of the 17th centuries. 
 
 Bland, Dora, see Jordan, Mrs. 
 
 Bland, Maria Theresa, born Romanzini. 
 Soprano vocalist, was born in London, of 
 Italian parents in 1769. First appeared at 
 Royal Circus, London, 1773. Sang at Dublin 
 Theatre. Debut at Drury Lane Theatre, 
 October 24, 1786. Married Mr. Bland, brother 
 to Mrs. Jordan. Sang at Haymarket Theatre, 
 1791. Sang in London till 1824. She died 
 at Westminster, January 15, 1838, insane. 
 
 She was a magnificent ballad vocalist, and 
 earned most of her success on the operatic 
 stage. 
 
 Blandford, George, Marquis of, 4th 
 Duke of Marlborough, born January 26th 
 [1738]. He was connected with many of the 
 musical enterprises diiring the end of last 
 and beginning of the present centuries. He 
 died on January 13, 1817. Among other 
 works he published "Twelve Glees for three 
 and four voices," London [1798] ; a " Col- 
 lection of vocal music," and various Sonatas 
 for the pianoforte. 
 
 Blew, William Charles Arlington, 
 barrister-at-law and musician, was born at 
 London in 1848, and called to the bar in 
 1876. Author of " Organs and Organists in 
 Parish Churches. A hand-book of the law 
 
52 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BLEWITT. 
 
 relating to the custody, control, and use of 
 organs, and the duties, rights and disabilities 
 of organists," London, 1878. 
 
 Blewitt, Jonas, composer and organist, 
 born in first half of 18th century. He held 
 the appointments of organist to St. Margaret 
 Pattens, and St. Gabriel, Fenchurch, London, 
 about 1795, and to St. Catherine Coleman, 
 Fenchurch Street. He performed in public. 
 Died at London in 1805. 
 
 Works. — Ten voluntaries or pieces for the 
 organ, op. 5 ; Twelve easy and familiar move- 
 ments for the organ, op. 6 ; Treatise on the 
 organ with explanatory voluntaries, op. 4, 
 London, n.d. 
 
 Blewitt, Jonathan, son of above, com- 
 poser and organist, born London in 1782. He 
 studied under his father and Battishill, and 
 in 1793 became deputy to his father. He was 
 successively organist of Haverhill, Suffolk ; 
 Brecon ; ShefHeld, and of St. Andrew's 
 Church, Dublin, in 1811. In 1811 he became 
 composer and conductor at the Theatre Royal, 
 Dublin, and soon after was nrade grand or- 
 ganist to the Masonic Society of Ireland. He 
 returned to London in 1826, and became 
 musical director at Sadler's Wells Theatre, 
 1828-29. Teacher of vocal music and organist 
 in London. He died at London, Sept. 4, 1853. 
 
 Works — Music to Flays, etc. : Harlequin, 
 or the Man in the Moon, 1826 , Talisman of 
 the Elements; Auld Robin Gray; My Old 
 Woman ; Corsair ; Magician ; Island of Saints; 
 Kory O'More ; Mischief Making, etc. Instru- 
 mental : Concerto for pf. and orch. ; Sonatas 
 and Duets for pf. ; Caprices, fugues, and 
 sonatas for the organ. Vocal Assistant, treatise 
 on singing, London, n.d. Songs : A nice little 
 man ; Adieu my moustachios ; Barney Bral- 
 laghan ; England, merry England ; Let us 
 drink to old friends ; My hopes are fixed upon 
 thee ; Emerald Isle ; The White Cliffs of Eng- 
 land ; Good bye ; Groves of Blarney ; Hamlet ; 
 I saw him but once : New cries of London ; 
 O for a cot ; Our jolly stout jackets of blue ; 
 Phillis, have you seen my love?, Pic-nic ; 
 When crowned with summer roses. 
 
 Bliss, Mrs. J. Worthington, born 
 M. Lindsay, composer of the present time. 
 Has written a large number of songs, some of 
 which attained great popularity in their day. 
 Among them may be named — Airy, fairy 
 Lilian ; Alone ; Arrow and the song ; The 
 Bridge [1856] ; Danish Maid ; Excelsior 
 [1854] ; Far away [1868] ; Home they brought 
 her warrior dead [1858] ; Hymn of the ]\Iora- 
 vian Nuns (Pulaski's Banner) [1854] ; Songs 
 for children, 1871-72, in numbers ; Part-songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Blitheman, William, composer and 
 organist, flourished in latter half of 16th 
 century. He was master of the choristers of 
 Christ Church, Oxford, in 1564, and one of 
 
 BLOW. 
 
 the organists of the Chapel Royal. Mus. Bac, 
 Cantab., 1586. Mus. Doc, do. |15?]. He 
 died at London, in 1591. 
 
 Blitheman was the preceptor of Dr. John 
 Bull, and was succeeded by him at the Chapel 
 Royal in 1591. His biography is unknown, 
 but it is believed that he composed church 
 music, and had much celebrity in his time. 
 
 Blockley, John, composer, writer, and 
 publisher, was born in 1800. Engaged in 
 music-publishing business in London. He 
 died at London, December 24th, 1882. 
 
 Works. — The Sabbath Minstrel [collec- 
 tion of sacred music], London, n.d. ; The 
 Singer's Coinpanion, London, n.d. Songs : 
 My childhood's home ; I remember thy voice ; 
 We have been friends together ; The absent 
 one ; A blessing on thine eyes ; The Arab's 
 farewell to his favourite steed ; The friend of 
 our early days ; Love not ; Love on (reply) ; 
 The Englishman ; and numerous other songs 
 written to words of the Hon. Mrs. Norton, 
 etc. Selection of sacred melodies from the 
 works of the most celebrated composers, n.d. 
 Collection of psalm and hymn tunes for four 
 voices, London, n.d. 
 
 Blow, John, composer and organist, was 
 born at Westminster (not North Collingham, 
 Nottinghanr, as usually stated), 1648. One of 
 Children of Chapel Royal, 1660. He studied 
 under Captain Cook, Hingeston, and Chris- 
 topher Gibbons. Organist of Westminster 
 Abbey, 1669-80. Gentleman of Chapel Royal, 
 1673-74. Master of the Children, do., July, 
 1674. Organist of Chapel Royal, 1676. Pri- 
 vate jMusician to King James II., 1685. 
 Almoner and master of the choristers of St. 
 Paul's Cathedral, 1687-93. Re-appointed 
 organist of Westminster Abbey, 1695-1708. 
 Married Elizabeth Braddock. Composer to 
 Chapel Royal, 1699. He died at London, 
 October 1st, 1708. Buried in north choir 
 aisle, Westminster. 
 
 Works. — Amphion Anglic us, a work of 
 many compositions for one, two, three, and 
 four voices, with several accompagnements of 
 Instrumental Musick, and a Thorow-Bass to 
 each song, figur'd for an Organ, Harpsichord, 
 or Theorbce-Lute, Lond. [1700]. Odes: A 
 Second Musical Entertainment, performed on 
 St. Cecilia's Day, November 22nd, 1684, words 
 by John Oldham, London, 1684 ; Great Quire 
 of Heaven, St. Cecilia's Day, 1691 ; Te Deum 
 and Jubilate, composed for St. Cecilia's Day, 
 1695 ; Triumphant Fame, St. Cecilia's Day, 
 1700; Arise, Great Monarch, New Year's Day, 
 1681; New Year's Day Ode, 1683; Hail, 
 Monarch, do., 1686 ; Is it a Dream ? do., 1687 ; 
 Ye Sons of Phoebus, do., 1688 ; others in 1689 
 and 1693-94 ; Appear in all thy pomp, appear, 
 do., 1700; Ode on the death of Mr. Henry 
 PurceU, the words by Mr. Dryden, London, 
 1696 ; Three Elegies upon the much lamented 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 53 
 
 BLOW. 
 
 loss of our late incst Gracious Queen Mary, — 
 sett to ]\Iusick by Dr. Blow and ]Mr. Henry 
 Purcell, Lond., fol., 1695. Church Services 
 in A, G, aiid E minor, one in triple measure 
 and 10 unedited. Anthems, numbering about 
 100, published in Boyce's Collection, Clifford's 
 Collection, Page's Harmonia Sacra, Novello's 
 Series ; others existing in j\IS. A choice 
 Collection of Lessons for the Harpsichord, 
 Spinnett, etc., containing four Setts, as 
 grounds, almands, corants, sarabands, min- 
 uets, and jiggs, 1698. A choice Collection of 
 Lessons, being excellently sett to the Harpsi- 
 chord, etc., by Blow and Purcell, 1705. 
 Catches in the " Pleasant Musical Companion," 
 published in various editions ; Do. pub. in 
 The Catch Club, or IMerry Companions ; Songs 
 in D'Urfey's collections, and in others of the 
 same period ; Organ music ; Chants. 
 
 Blow, Rev. William, rector of Layer- 
 Breton, Essex. A direct descendant of John 
 Blow. Was esteemed one of the finest am- 
 ateur violinists in Europe. He possessed the 
 finest collection of violins in Great Britain. 
 Died in January, 1887. 
 
 Blower, Jolin Henry, bass vocalist, born 
 at Wolverhampton. Studied at the National 
 Training School for Music, under J. B. Welch. 
 He sang in concerts in Birmingham and 
 ■district from about 1878 ; appeared at the 
 Crystal Palace Concerts, April 15th, 1882, and 
 at the Leeds Festival of 1883. Afterwards he 
 gave himself up to teaching, and is now a 
 Professor at the R.C.M. Miss Clara Butt was 
 for some time his pupil. 
 
 Bloxsome, Charles, author of " Elemen- 
 tary practice for the Vocal Student," Lond., 
 1857 ; " Elements of singing, chord and scale 
 exercises to develop the voice," London, u.d. 
 
 BIyth, Benjamin, composer and organist, 
 who graduated SIus. Doc, Oxford, in 1833. 
 He composed church music, "A Sanctus, two 
 jubilates, and eight double chants," London, 
 1841. Pf. music, and songs. His son, Benjamin 
 BiiYTH, was organist of Magdalen College, 
 Oxford. M.A., Oxford. Died at Whitchurch, 
 Oxford, July 20th, 1883, aged 58. 
 
 Boardman, John George. Published 
 " Sacred Music, a selection of psalm tunes," 
 London, 1844. Thomas James Boardman 
 issued a " Collection of psalm and hymn tunes, 
 ancient and modern," London, 1854; "The 
 Copious Tune Book, a collection of psalm and 
 hymn tunes," London [I860]. Two editions. 
 He also composed songs, etc. 
 
 Bodda, Louisa Fanny, see Pyne, Louisa 
 Fanny. 
 
 Bogue, Christina W., see Morison, 
 Christina W. 
 
 Bokwe, John Knox, Kaffir composer. 
 Secretary of the Lovedale Institution, Cape 
 Colony. Composer of Kaffir hymn tunes, and 
 a book of part-songs, of which the type-setting 
 
 BOOTH. 
 
 and the whole production were the work of 
 coloured sol-faists. 
 
 Bolton, Thomas, musician and teacher, 
 who flourished circa 1760-1820. He issued 
 " Collection of Lessons, songs, etc., for the 
 harp, lute, or lyre," London, 1797 ; " Collec- 
 tion of airs, marches, dances, etc., adapted 
 for the pf., with accompaniments for the lyre 
 or lute," London, 1806 ; Six Rondeaus, three 
 songs, etc., op. 3 ; " Select collection of songs 
 and airs arranged for the harp, lute, etc," 
 1815 ; " Treatise on singing," London, 1810. 
 
 Mary Catherine Bolton (who became 
 Lady Thurlow, in 1813), a soprano vocalist. 
 Born, London, 1790, died, Southampton, 
 Septenaber 28th, 1830 ; and Eliza Bolton, 
 her sister, who was also a soprano singer, 
 appearing at concerts about the same time, 
 were probably daughters of Thomas Bolton. 
 
 Bond, Capel, composer and organist, lived 
 in Coventry during middle of last century. 
 He was organist and conductor of the first 
 Birmingham Musical Festival, 1763, and died 
 in 1790. 
 
 Works. — Six anthems in score, one of which 
 is for Christmas Day, 1769. Six concertos 
 for 4 violins, tenor, and 'cello, with thorough 
 bass, 1766. Glees and songs. 
 
 Bond, Hugh, organist and composer, was 
 born at Exeter in the beginning of the 18th 
 century. Lay-vicar Exeter Cathedral, 1762. 
 Organist of Church of St. Mary Arches. He 
 died in 1792. 
 
 Works. — Twelve hymns and four anthems, 
 for four voices, London, 1776 ; The psalms of 
 David ; also an appendix containing select 
 hymns, London, 1780. Glees and songs. 
 
 Bond, Jessie, vocalist and actress, born 
 in Liverpool, daughter of John Bond, piano- 
 forte mechanician of that city. Appeared at 
 Hope Hall as a pianist at the age of eight, 
 and was educated as a pianist at the R.A.M. 
 But developing a contralto voice she took to 
 singing, and became a pupil of Manuel Garcia. 
 She sang at the Crystal Palace, at RiviSre's 
 Concerts, and in the provinces. She was the 
 original Hebe in " H.M.S. Pinafore"; and 
 since then has filled a round of characters in 
 the Gilbert and Sullivan operas at the Savoy 
 Theatre. 
 
 Bond=Andrews, see Andrews (J. C. Bond). 
 
 Bonnyboots. English singer and dancer 
 of much fame in the reign of Queen Elizabeth 
 bore this nickname. He is noticed in Haw- 
 kins' " History'of Music." 
 
 Booth, Josiah, organist and composer, 
 born in Coventry, March 27, 1852. Studied 
 under the late Edward Sims, Coventry ; Dr. 
 James Taylor, Oxford ; and later, attheR.A.lM. 
 under Brinley Richards, and G. A.Macfarren. 
 Appointed organist at Banbury, 1867, and has 
 been since 1877, organist and choirmaster at 
 Park Chapel, Crouch End. 
 
54 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BOOTH. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios, Neliemiali (produced 
 1885) ; Cantata, The Day of Rest, for female 
 voices. School operettas ; The Babes in the 
 Wood ; Dick Whittington ; and The six Prin- 
 cesses. Church Services ; Anthems, Grant, 
 we beseech Thee ; Thou crownest the year, 
 and others. Hymn-tvmes and chants. Part- 
 songs ; The IMighty Caravan (produced by 
 Henry Leslie's Choir, 1883) Album of twelve 
 songs, &c., &c. Musical editor of Parts II. 
 and HI. of the Congregational Church Hym- 
 nal, and author of Everybody's Guide to 
 Music, London, Saxon. 
 
 . Booth, Robert, organist and composer, 
 born at St. Andrews, December 29, 1862. 
 Studied at the Madras School there, and 
 under different masters. Organist, Holy Trin- 
 ity Church, Kilmarnock, 1880, and for some 
 time musical director of Kilmarnock Opera 
 House. In 1887, he was appointed organist 
 and choirmaster of Coltness Memorial Church, 
 Newmains. 
 
 Works. — Festival Service in G ; Gloria in 
 Excelsis ; Anthem, The Lord is my Shepherd ; 
 Operetta, Sisters Three; or Britannia's Heroes, 
 for principals, chorus and orchestra ; Eight- 
 part song, with solo, Lochinvar ; School Song- 
 book, in three-part harmony — symphony, and 
 overture, orchestra ; Intermezzo, Maypole 
 dance, for strings. Waltzes, for pf. and or- 
 chestra. Author of a book on Musical Theory, 
 and other didactic works. 
 
 Borton, Alice, pianist, and composer. 
 Educated at R.A.M., of which she is an Asso- 
 ciate. Has composed Sacred Choral IMusic, 
 and songs ; an Andante and Rondo for pf. and 
 orchestra ; Suite in the olden style, pf. ; Three 
 Scotch pieces, etc. 
 
 ■ Berwick, W. Leonard, pianist, born at 
 Walthamstow, Essex, February 26, 1868. 
 Comes of an old Staffordshire family, many 
 members of which were musical. His dis- 
 position for music was shewn at a very early 
 age ; and after some years of study under 
 London masters, he entered the Hoch Con- 
 servatorium, Frankfort, 1884, where he was a 
 pupil of IMadame Schumann for five years. 
 He also studied composition with Bernard 
 Scholz and Iwan Knorr. His debut took place 
 at the Museum Concerts, Frankfort, Novem- 
 ber 8, 1889, when he played the solo part in 
 Beethoven's E flat Concerto. His success 
 was so marked that he was engaged for the 
 London Philharmonic Concerts, and he made 
 his first appearance in England, May 8, 3890, 
 playing Schumann's Concerto. He appeared 
 at the Richter, Crystal Palace, and Popular 
 .Concerts, St. James's Hall, the same year ; 
 ,and has now been heard at the principal 
 jiiusical centres in Britain, and Germany, 
 ranking with the groat pianists of the dav. 
 
 Bosanquet, R. H. M., Fellow of" St. 
 John's College, Oxford. Author of "An Ele- 
 
 BOWDLER. 
 
 mentary treatise on musical intervals and 
 temperament, London, 1876; also of various 
 papers read before the Musical Association 
 (1874) ; the College of Organists ; and the 
 R.A.M. In 1881, he accepted the professor- 
 ship of acoustics, R.A.M. 
 
 Botting, Herbert William, composer, 
 organist and pianist, born at Brighton, ]\Iarch. 
 28, 1869. Studied for two years with Dr. F. 
 J. Sawyer, during which time he obtained the 
 diploma of F.R.C.O. ; then proceeded to Leip- 
 zig Conservatorium, and on his return was 
 articled to Dr. J. F. Bridge, of Westminster 
 Abbey. Graduated Mus. B., Durham, 1891. 
 In Leipzig, he held the post of organist and 
 choirmaster at the English Church (1888) ; in 
 1891, he was a^jpointed to St. Luke's, South- 
 port, and four years later to St. Nicholas, 
 Brighton, and finally to St. Augustine's, 
 Preston Park, Brighton, 1896. He is founder 
 and conductor of the Preston Park Choral and 
 Orchestral Society ; and is known as a pianist, 
 organist, and horn player. His compositions 
 comprise an Ode, Christ's Nativity, for so- 
 prano solo, chorus and orchestra (Univ. ex.) ; 
 The Chase, and The Return of Spring, for 
 soli, chorus and orchestra ; A Spring Idyll, 
 for orchestra ; pieces for pf., organ, violin, 
 violoncello ; songs, etc. 
 
 Bottomley, Joseph, composer, organist, 
 and pianist, was born at Halifax, Yorkshire, 
 1786. Studied in IManchester, under Grim- 
 shaw. Watts, Yaniewicz ; and at Leeds, under 
 Lawton, to whom he was articled pupil. He 
 afterwards studied pf. under Woelfi, at Lon- 
 don. Organist of Parish Church of Bradford, 
 1807 ; organist of Parish Church, Sheffield, 
 1820. He died after 1850. 
 
 Works. — Dictionary of Music, London, 
 1816. New System of Practising and Teach- 
 ing the Pianoforte, Sheffield, n.d. [1847]. Six 
 Exercises for the pf. Rondos and airs for pf. 
 Divertissements for pf. and flute. Twelve 
 Sonatinas for pf. Songs, Glees, etc. 
 
 Bourne, C. E., author of "The great 
 composers, or stories of the lives of eminent 
 musicians," London, 1884. He has also 
 written a number of popular works on bio- 
 graphy, etc. 
 
 Bowdler, Cyril William, composer, of 
 Welsh descent on the maternal side, born in 
 Yorkshire, September 28th, 18.39. As a boy, 
 he studied music under Dr. John Camidge, 
 of York, and subsequently with Sir R. Prescott 
 Stewart, whose pupil he remained for a long 
 period. Graduated Mus. B. and B.A., Dublin, 
 1864, and LL.D., Dublin, 1896. For two 
 years, 1877-9, he was hon. organist at All 
 Saints', Aldershot ; but he is chiefly devoted 
 to composition. 
 
 Works. — Music for the divine liturgy of 
 St. John Chrysostom (Greek, 1864); complete 
 church services in E, F, G, B flat, and C ; 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 55 
 
 BOWIE. 
 
 numerous anthems, hymn tunes, etc. ; 
 " Imelcla," three-act Italian opera ; Cantata — 
 The descent of spring ; songs, organ and pf . 
 pieces, etc. 
 
 Bowie, John, violinist and composer. 
 Was born near Perth, in 1759, and died there 
 in 1815. He published about the end of last 
 century a " Collection of strathspey reels and 
 country dances, with a bass for the violoncello 
 or harpsichord. Dedicated to the Countess 
 of Kinnoul," Edinburgh [1789]. He also pub- 
 lished several dance tunes on single sheets. 
 He was engaged as a music-seller in Perth, 
 and gave balls in conjunction with his brother. 
 
 His brother Peter (1763-1816), was also a 
 violinist, and a teacher of the pianoforte. 
 
 Bowley, Robert Kanzow, musician, 
 was born in London, May, 1813, and died in 
 Airgust, 1870. Author of " Grand Handel 
 Musical Festival at the Crystal Palace in 1857, 
 a Letter," London, 1856. " The Sacred Har- 
 monic Society, a thirty-five years retrospect," 
 London, 1867. This musician was connected 
 with the Sacred Harmonic Society, and he 
 assisted in establishing the Great Handel 
 Celebrations at the Crystal Palace, London. 
 
 Bowling, a family of nmsicians. The 
 father, John Bowling, organist, violinist, and 
 pianist, was born at Leeds, November 11th, 
 1820. At the age of eleven he was appointed 
 organist of Heckmondwike parish church, 
 and afterwards filled the office of organist of 
 East Parade chapel, Leeds, for 34 years. He 
 was conductor of musical societies in several 
 Yorkshire towns, and of the Leeds Madrigal 
 and IMotet Society. He died at Leeds, April 
 16th, 1882. 
 
 His son, JoHX Pew Bowling, born at 
 Leeds, May 26th, 1851, was considered the 
 finest pianist in the county. He was also an 
 arble violinist, and organist, holding an ap- 
 pointment at All Souls' (Hook Memorial) 
 Church. Was the first Principal of the York- 
 shire College of Music, Leeds, and conductor 
 of the Leeds Amateur Orchestral Society, and 
 the Huddersfield Orpheus Society. He died 
 at Leeds, July 6th, 1886. 
 
 James Whewall Bowling, the youngest 
 son, was born at Leeds, January 6th, 1860. 
 Besides being an excellent pianist and organ- 
 ist, he showed much ability as a composer. 
 He succeeded his brother as Principal of the 
 College of Music, and was organist to Lady 
 Mary Vyner, Skelton, near Ripon. His com- 
 positions comprised six songs ; four songs for 
 tenor, Op. 5 ; a second set of four songs ; suite. 
 Op. 3, for pianoforte, etc. He died December 
 13th, 1888, under mournful circmnstances. 
 His health being delicate, ho was spending the 
 winter in Switzerland (the Engadine). Skat- 
 ing on the lake near the hotel, one of the 
 party fell through the ice, and Bowling was 
 drowned in attempting a rescue. 
 
 BOYCE. 
 
 Bowman, Henry, composer, flourished 
 during latter half of 17th century. Wrote 
 " Songs for one, two, and three voyces to the 
 Thorow-Bass. With some short Symphonies. 
 Collected out of some of the select poems of 
 the incomparable Mr. Cowley, and others, 
 and composed by Henry Bowman, Philo- 
 Musicus," Oxford. 1677. 
 
 Bowman, Rev. Thomas, amateur musi- 
 cian, born in 1728. He was vicar of jMartham, 
 Norfolk, and died in 1792. He composed " A 
 collection of English odes, cantatas, songs, 
 etc." London, 1760. Single songs, etc. 
 
 Box, Charles, author of " Church music 
 in the IMetropolis, its past and present condi- 
 tion, with notes critical and explanatory," 
 London, 1881. 
 
 Boyce, Ethel Mary, composer aijd pian- 
 ist, born at Chertsey, Surrey, October 5th, 
 1863. Daughter of George Boyce, J. P. 
 Studied at R.A.jM., pianoforte under Walter 
 Macfarren, and composition under F. W. 
 Davenport. Was Lady Goldsmid Scholar, 
 1885; Potter Exhibitioner, 1886; won the 
 Sterndale Bennett Prize the same year, and 
 the Lucas Medal for composition, 1889. Res- 
 ident in Chertsey as composer and teacher. 
 Associate, R.A.M., 1890. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : The Lay of the browni 
 rosary (]Mrs. Browning), 1890; Young Loch- 
 invar, 1891 ; The sands of Corriemie, female 
 voices, 1895 ; March in E, orchestra, West- 
 minster Orchestral Society, 1889 ; Eight pieces, 
 violin and pianoforte (NoveUo's albums). 
 Songs — " So she went drifting," and others. 
 Part-songs: "Love has come," etc. Piano- 
 forte pieces : " To PhyUis " ; Short pieces for 
 children, etc. 
 
 Boyce, William, composer and organist, 
 was born in London, 1710. Chorister in St. 
 Paul's Cathedral under Charles King. Arti- 
 cled pupil to Maurice Greene, organist of St. 
 Paul's. Organist of St. Peter's, Vere Street, 
 1734. Studied under Dr. Pepusch. Organist 
 (in succession to Kelway) of St. Michael's, 
 CornhiU, 1736-68. Composer to Chapel Royal 
 and the King, June, 1786. Conductor at 
 meetings of choirs of Gloucester, Hereford, 
 and Worcester, 1737. Organist of AUhaUows 
 the Great and the Less, Thames Street, 1749- 
 69. Bac. and Doc. of Music, Cambridge, 1749. 
 Master of Royal Band of Music, 1775. One 
 of the organists to Chapel Royal, 1758. He 
 died at Kensington, London, February 7th, 
 1779. Buried in crypt, St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 
 Works. — Peleus and Thetis, masque, by 
 Lord Lansdowne, 17 ? ; Solomon, serenata by 
 Dr. Edward Moore, 1747; The Chaplet, a 
 musical drama, London, 1745 ; David's 
 lamentation over Saul and Jonathan, oratorio, 
 by Lockman, 1736 ; Ode for St. Cecilia's Day, 
 by Lockman ; Ode for St. Cecilia's Day, by 
 Vidal; Music to the Shepherd's Lottery, 1750; 
 
56 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY 
 
 BOYCE. 
 
 Ode for the Installation of the Duke of New- 
 castle as Chancellor of Cambridge University, 
 1749 ; Fifteen anthems and a te deum and 
 jubilate, 1780 ; Collection of twelve anthems 
 and a service, 1790; Ode to charity; Pindar's 
 first Pythian ode, 1749 ; Masque in the Tem- 
 pest. Cathedral music, being a collection in 
 score of the most valuable and useful compo- 
 sitions for that service, etc. [containing 
 examples of Aldrich, Batten, Bevin, Byrd, 
 Blow, Bull, Child, Jer. Clark, Creyghton, 
 Croft, Farrant, Gibbons, Goldwin, Humphreys, 
 King Henry VIII., Lawes, Locke, Slorley, 
 Purcell, Rogers, Tallis, Turner, Tye, Weldon, 
 and Wise] London, 3 vols. foL, 1760-78 ; second 
 edition, with memoir by Sir J. Hawkins, 1778, 
 also editions by V. Novello and J. Warren, 
 1849. Eight symphonies for various instru- 
 ments ; Twelve sonatas for two violins and 
 bass, 1749. Organ concerto. Lyra Britannica, 
 Collection of songs, duets, and cantatas, n.d. 
 Overtures. Songs, duets, etc., in contempo- 
 rary collections. 
 
 Boyce, William,- only son of the above, 
 was bon:i INIarch 25th, 1764. He was intended 
 for the church, and sent to Oxford ; but com- 
 naitting some irregularity, was obliged to quit 
 that university without obtaining a degree. 
 He then became a double-bass player at the 
 opera and principal concerts, and was in the 
 orchestra at the Birmingham Festivals, 1802-5. 
 Considerable property coming to him, he lived 
 in retirement some years before his death, 
 which took place early in 1824. 
 
 Boyd, Henry, musician of 18th century, 
 was a teacher of psalmody and precentor in 
 the Methodist Chapel, John Street, Glasgow. 
 He died at Glasgow, November 17th, 1792. 
 
 He compiled " A select collection of psalm 
 and hymn tunes in three parts, adapted to a 
 great variety of measures, to which is prefixed 
 an introduction to the art of singing." .... 
 Published for the benefit of his widow, 1793. 
 Boyle, Frank, tenor vocalist, born at 
 Barnstaple, August 13th, 1857. His father, 
 William Boyle, has sung in the choir of Barn- 
 staple Parish Church from his boyhood, and 
 is still principal alto there. Frank, as a boy, 
 displayed musical talent. His father taught 
 him singing, and he had violin lessons from 
 the late John Edwards, and organ lessons 
 from Dr. J. H. Edwards. Was a chorister at 
 Holy Trinity Church, and, after leaving 
 school, entered a newspaper office, singing, at 
 times, at local concerts. He soon decided to 
 devote himself to music, and winning the 
 Corporation of London Scholarship, entered 
 the National Training School, South Ken- 
 sington. While there he sang as j)rincipal 
 tenor at St. Matthias, Stoke Newington. 
 Sang in the Messiah at the Albert Hall, Good 
 Friday, 1880, and ab the promenade concerts 
 the same year. In 1882, was engaged for the 
 
 BRADFORD. 
 
 Hereford Festival. Joined D'Oyly Carte's 
 Opera Company ; toured in Australia, 1885-6 ; 
 on his return rejoined D'Oyly Carte, and sang 
 in George Edwards' English Opera Company. 
 In 1891 his health broke down. He burst a 
 blood vessel in the lungs, and died at Barn- 
 staple, February 6th, 1892. 
 
 Boys, Henry, composer and teacher, was 
 born about 1806, and died at IMargate, Febru- 
 ary 8th, 1851. He composed Cupid and 
 Campaspe, a cantata, 1842, and the following 
 glees : Friar Tuck ; The pearl divers ; Smug- 
 gler's chaunt ; War-boat song of the Crusaders, 
 etc. 
 
 Bradberry, Qervas, amateur composer, 
 was born about 1776, died at Pentonville, 
 London, December 29th, 1862. He composed 
 glees and songs, and harmonized a number 
 of glees by other composers, as " Twenty-four 
 select melodies of eminent composers harmon- 
 ized for three voices," London [1825]. 
 
 Bradbury, Orlando, vocalist and com- 
 poser, was born about 1805. He was a Gen- 
 tleman of the Chapel Royal, St. Janres' Palace, 
 London ; lay-vicar of Westminster Abbey, and 
 a bass singer of some note. He died at 
 London, December 14th, 1872. Composer of 
 ballads and other vocal music. 
 
 Brade, William, composer and viol-player, 
 who flourished about beginning of 17th cen- 
 tury, and died at Frankfort in 1647. He 
 published Paduanen, galliarden, canzonetten, 
 etc., 1609; Neue Paduanen und gagiiarden 
 mit stimnien, 1614; Neue Lustige Volten 
 Couranten, Balletten, etc. 
 
 Bradford, Jacob, organist and composer, 
 born at Bow, London, June 3, 1842. Chor- 
 ister, St. Paul's, Walworth. To a great extent 
 self-taught in music, but was a x^upil of Sir 
 John Goss, and Dr. Steggall. Assistant or- 
 ganist to Scotson Clark at St. Helens, and St. 
 Ethelburga, Bishopsgate ; and at the age of 
 twenty, gained the appointment of organist 
 at St. Philip's, Kennington. Graduated Mus. 
 B., 1873; Mus. D., 1878, Oxford. Organist, 
 St. James's, Hatcham, 1868-75, and conductor 
 of orchestral services he introduced there ; 
 and, after holding various appointments, went 
 to St. Mary's, Newington, in 1892, holding 
 that position to the present time. Was music 
 master at the Royal Naval School, New Cross, 
 1881-90 ; and is a professor at West Kent 
 Granuiiar School, and conductor of the New- 
 ington Choral Society. From 1882 he was 
 for some years Hon. Sec. to the Musical Artists' 
 Society. Has contributed articles to Musical 
 Neivs, and other papers. 
 
 WoBKS. — Oratorio, Judith (produced, St. 
 James's Hall, Feb. 28, 1888); Cantata, The 
 Song of Jubilee, Op. 44 ; Cantata, Praise the 
 Lord ; Harvest Cantata ; Anthems, Church. 
 Services, etc. Sinfonia Ecclesiastica, for 
 double choir and orchestra ; overtures, etc., 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 57 
 
 BRADLEY. 
 
 in MS. Trio in E fiat, pf. and strings ; organ 
 Sonata in C minor, Op. 47, etc. Compiler of 
 Tie Music Pvipil's Register (Novello). 
 
 Bradley, Charles, organist and composer, 
 born at Wakefield, October 20, 1846. Trained 
 under R. S. Burton, Dr. P. Arnies and F. W. 
 Davenport. Organist successively of St. INIic- 
 hael's, Wakefield, 1856-66 ; St. Paul's, Middles- 
 brough, 1871-82; St. George's, Edinburgh, 
 1882-85 ; Abbev Parish Church, 1885-87 ; and 
 South Leith Parish Church, 1887. He was 
 organist to the p]dinburgh Choral Union, from 
 1883 to 1890. Composer of anthems and other 
 Church music, songs, and organ music. 
 
 Bradley, Frank H., organist and pianist, 
 horn in Birmingham. Pupil of A. Deakin, 
 and A. R. Gaul. Organist of St. Barnabas, 
 Birmingham, 1867 ; at Stoke-on-Trent ; Quebec 
 Cathedra], Canada; professor of music, and 
 organist, Tettenhall College, Wolverhampton ; 
 St. John's, Wilton Road, London ; St. And- 
 rews, West Kensington (1884). Has given 
 organ and pianoforte recitals in Birmingham, 
 Paris, South Kensington International Ex- 
 hibition, 1883 ; at the Kimberley Exhibition, 
 South Africa, 1892-8 ; also in Australia, and 
 was accompanist and conductor during Mr. 
 Santley's tour in Australia, 1889-90. 
 
 Braidley, Joseph, pianist and conductor, 
 born at Hyde, Cheshire, February 28, 1857. 
 At twelve, he was organist at St. Paul's, Staly- 
 bridge ; and two years later at Heaton Chapel, 
 Manchester; r.R.C.0.,1873 ; Mus.B., Oxford, 
 1875. For six years, 1881-7, he was organist and 
 deputy chorus-master to Sir Charles Halle at 
 Manchester, and conductor of societies at 
 Stockport, Stalybridge, and other places. In 
 1887, he was appointed chorus-master to the 
 Glasgow Choral Union, and later, conductor of 
 the Choral Concerts. He comxjosed "A Song 
 of Praise," for chorus and orchestra, expressly 
 for performance when the Queen visited Glas- 
 gow Exhibition in Augiist, 1888. 
 
 Bradley, Orton, pianist and conductor, 
 born at Greenwich, December 11th, 1858. 
 Educated at Harrow, and Hertford College, 
 ■Oxford. Pupil of John Farmer ; scholar and 
 organist of his college ; graduated ]\I.A., with 
 classical honours. Organist, King Edward's 
 School, Bromsgrove, 1891, for one year. From 
 1887 to 1893, held the position of Musical 
 Director to the People's Palace, London, and 
 was the first conductor of the National 
 Sunday League Choir. As a pianist, he has 
 devoted much attention to the compositions 
 of Brahms. In 1893 he went to New York, 
 where he gained a distinguished position as 
 conductor and pianist. His settings of poems 
 by Jean Ingelow, and Rossetti (The Blessed 
 Damosel), for recitation, have been performed 
 at the Lyric Club [1886]. 
 
 Bradshaw, Ann Maria, born Tree, 
 soprano vocalist and actress, born at London, 
 
 BRAINE. 
 
 in August, 1801. She first appeared in the 
 " Barber of Seville " at Covent Garden, in 
 1818, and continued to act and sing in public 
 till 1825, when she married Mr. James Brad- 
 shaw, and retired. She was sister to Ellen 
 Tree the actress. 
 
 Bradshaw, Ralph, musician and com- 
 piler, was born in Bolton about 1776. He 
 died in 1832. Issued " Twenty-four psalm and 
 hymn tunes, composed and arranged for four 
 voices . . ." [1820]. A Second set of psalm or 
 hymn tunes, London [1825]. 
 
 Brady, Nicholas, divine and j)oet, born 
 at Bandon, 1659, died at Richmond, Surrey, 
 1726. He was associated with Tate in the 
 production of a metrical version of the Psalms 
 of David. He also wrote " Church music 
 vindicated ; a sermon preached at St. Bride's 
 Church on Monday, November 22nd, 1697, 
 being St. Csecilia's Day, the anniversary feast 
 of the lovers of musick," London, 1697. 
 
 Braham, John, tenor vocalist and com- 
 poser, born in London, of Jewish parents, 
 1774 [1772]. He studied imder Leoni, and 
 first appeared at the Royalty Theatre, Well- 
 close Square, London, 1787. He appeared at 
 Covent Garden, April 21st, 1787, and sang at 
 Bath in 1794, where he studied under Rauz- 
 zini. He sang at Drury Lane Theatre in 1796, 
 and afterwards travelled in Italy, and appeared 
 at Florence, Rome, Naples, Milan, Genoa, 
 Venice, etc., with Mrs. Billington and others. 
 While in Italy he studied under Isola, and in 
 1801 he returned to London, where he 
 re-appeared at Covent Garden Theatre. He 
 married Miss Bolton, of Ardwick, in 1816. 
 He sang as Huon in Weber's Oberon, in 1826. 
 Lost his fortune by failure of several spec- 
 ulations, 1851. Died at London, February 
 17th, 1856. 
 
 Works. — Music to Dramas : The Cabinet, 
 1801 ; Family Quarrels, 1802 ; The English 
 Fleet, 1802 (containing "All's WeU," duet, 
 etc.) ; Thirty Thousand, 1804 ; Out of Place, 
 1805 ; False Alarms, 1807 ; Kais, or Love in a 
 Desert, 1808 (with Reeve) ; The Devil's Bridge 
 (with C. E. Horn), 1812; The Paragraph; 
 Narensky, or The Road to Yarostaf ; The 
 Americans; The Magicians (with M. P.King). 
 Single songs, glees, etc. Death of Nelson, song. 
 His sons, John Hamilton Braham (London, 
 1818; Rochester, December 22nd, 1862), and 
 Charles Bamfylde (London, 1822; London, 
 June 11th, 1884), were both vocalists, the 
 former, a baritone, who first appeared at the 
 Hanover Square Rooms, November 2nd, 1843; 
 and the latter, a tenor. His grandson, Edward 
 B. Braham, appeared as a 'cellist in 1885. 
 
 Braine, William Richard, organist and 
 composer, born at London, November 8, 1829 ; 
 died there February 19, 1865. Was for 18 
 years organist of St. Barnabas, Kensington. 
 Compiler of " The St. Barnabas Music Book," 
 
58 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BRANSCOMBE. 
 
 1850 ; " Hymns for the Church, or home 
 circle," London, 18G1. Composer of duets, 
 songs, and -pi. music. 
 
 Branscombe, Edward, tenor vocalist, 
 born at Camberwell, London. Studied for 
 three years at the Guildhall School of Music ; 
 at the R.C.M. for two years, under Blume, 
 and later with Sims Reeves. When nineteen, 
 he was appointed choirmaster and assistant 
 organist of St. Paul's, West Brixton, and 
 formed the Brixton Orx^heus Glee Club. A 
 concert he gave in Brixton Hall, October 19, 
 1885, brought him into notice as a singer. 
 In 1887, he was appointed to the Church of 
 St. Andrew, Wells Street ; and in December, 
 1890, lay-vicar, Westminster Abbey. He has 
 sung at the principal London concerts ; at 
 the Crystal Palace ; and in the chief jprovin- 
 cial centres. He married Marie Hooton, 
 the contralto vocalist, who studied at the 
 R.A.M., winning the Westmoreland Scholar- 
 ship, 1888, and the Parepa Rosa Gold Medal, 
 1890. The artist pair now rank among the 
 most successful of our younger singers. 
 
 Braun, Charles, composer, born in Liver- 
 pool, 1868, where his father, an accomplished 
 amateur, was partner in a large business firm. 
 He was educated at Clifton, and Cambridge. 
 Studied music at Leipzig, under Hans Sitt. 
 Resident in England, and engaged in com- 
 position. His cantata, " Sir Olaf," was pro- 
 duced at the Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool, 
 March 5, 1889, and attracted much attention. 
 In December, 1890, a second cantata, " Sigurd," 
 was produced with success at the same place, 
 both performances being conducted by Mr. 
 Rodewald, an amateur, who has done much 
 for music in Liverpool. Charles Braun has 
 written a good many songs, and is now en- 
 gaged on an opera. 
 
 Bray, Mrs. Anna Eliza (born Kempe), 
 writer, born at St. ]Mary, Newington, Surrey, 
 December 25, 1790. She died at London, 
 January 21, 1883. Wrote a number of novels 
 and miscellaneous works, and "Handel: his 
 Life, Personal and Professional, with Thoughts 
 on Sacred Music," London (Ward & Co.,) 1857. 
 
 Breakspeare, Eustace John, composer, 
 writer and pianist, born in Birmingham, April 
 22, 1854. Studied under S. S. Stratton. Has 
 appeared at concerts in Birmingham, as solo 
 pianist and accompanist, but is better known 
 as a writer on music. He has read papers on 
 "Musical Aesthetics," and other subjects, at 
 meetings of the Musical Association (1880-2-3) ; 
 the College of Organists (1888), and at various 
 institutions in Birmingham. His contributions 
 to the Mtisical Standard, Musical Record, Mzisi- 
 cal Times, Musical Opinion, and other papers, 
 are very numerous, and embrace a wide range 
 of subject matter. He has written a Suite, and 
 many pieces for pf., and a number of songs, 
 but hitherto very little has been published. 
 
 BREMA. 
 
 Brechin, William, teacher, and inventor 
 
 of "Brechin's Stave Sol-fa Notation," was 
 born at Brechin, Forfar, 1824. He held ap- 
 pointments as precentor in Montrose, Forfar, 
 Perth, Leith, and Edinburgh. The principal 
 feature of his system is the employment of 
 letters, as in the ordinary Tonic Sol-fa, to 
 represent the notes, together with certain 
 signs to mark the duration. The notes are 
 written on the staff. In addition to the in- 
 vention of the Stave Sol-fa Notation, Brechin 
 has edited and compiled "Vocal Exercises, 
 Rounds, etc., in the Stave Sol-fa Notation, 
 forming a short course of Lessons in Sight 
 Singiiag in the key of F." "Congregational 
 IMusic, Psalms, Hymns, etc., in Stave Sol-faNo- 
 tation." "The Standard Scottish Psalmody" 
 (compiled from the foregoing) "Exercises in 
 Sight Singing"; " School Song Books"; "The 
 Stave Sol-fa Journal " (publishing in j)arts) 
 containing pieces b)- Croft, Beethoven, Mason, 
 Stevenson, Blow, Handel, etc." ; Two Books 
 of Swedish Songs. 
 
 Breden, Owen, music master at St. 
 Mark's College, Chelsea, was born at Norwood 
 in 1841. He was for five years a pupil teacher 
 at King's Somborne School, Hants. ; and in 
 18G0, gained a Queen's Scholarship at St. 
 Mark's College, as a student. He had pre- 
 viously learned pianoforte and organ playing ; 
 and as the organ at the College Chapel was 
 put up while he was a student, he has played 
 it from the first, and continues to act as 
 organist and choirmaster. He became suc- 
 cessively master of the upper school, tutor, 
 and vice-principal ; and in 1883, gave up the 
 last to undertake the musical work. For this, 
 he had qualified himself by studying piano- 
 forte under Dr. Wylde, organ under Dr. E. J. 
 Hopkins, and singing under John Elwin. 
 
 Brekell, John, clergyman, author of 
 " A Discourse on Musick, chiefly Church 
 Musick ; occasioned by the opening of the new 
 Organ in St. Peter's Church in Liverpool . . . 
 Sermon," London, 1766. 
 
 Brema, Marie, originally Beemer, voca- 
 list, mezzo-soprano, a native of Liverpool. 
 She studied under G. Henschel, and made 
 her debut at the Monday Popular Concerts, 
 February 23, 1891. Later (October) in the 
 same year, she appeared as Lola in " Cavalleria 
 Rusticana," at the Shaftesbury Theatre. She 
 first sang at the Philharmonic Concerts, April 
 20, 1893, and at the Crystal Palace, March 24, 
 1894. She was engaged for the Bayreuth 
 performance of 1894, appearing as Ortrud, 
 and in 1896, as Fricka and Kundry. Her Fes- 
 tival debut took place at Birmingham, October 
 3, 1895, when she created a marked impression 
 by her dramatic rendering of the part of the 
 Evil Spirit in Hubert Parry's oratorio, "King 
 Saul." She now ranks among the leading 
 singers of the day. 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 59 
 
 BREMNER. 
 
 ■ Bremner, Robert, musician and pub- 
 lisher, born in Scotland about 1720 [1713]. 
 He was a pupil of Geminiani, and taught 
 music in Edinburgh. On December 13, 1753, 
 he gave a concert in the High School, Leith. 
 He commenced business as a music-seller and 
 publisher at the Golden Harp, opposite the 
 head of Blackfriars Wynd, Edinburgh, in 
 175'4 ; in 1755 he changed his sign to the Harp 
 and Hautboy ; and in 1759 he removed to 
 another shop in the High Street. He re- 
 moved to London, and oj)encd a shop with 
 the Harp and Hautboy sign, in the Strand, 
 opposite Somerset House, in 1762. Both busi- 
 nesses were carried on till his death, the 
 Edinburgh one being managed by John Bry- 
 son, who succeeded him. He died at Ken- 
 sington Gore, London, on INIaj 12, 1789. 
 
 Works. — Collection of the best Church 
 tunes, in four parts. Published by Robert 
 Bremner, by order of the Honourable bhe 
 Committee for improving Church music in 
 the City of Edinburgh, n.d. Thirty Scotch 
 songs, some of which are for two voices, with 
 a thorough bass for the harpsichord or spin- 
 net . . . The words from Allan Ramsay, except 
 a few never before printed. Edin. [1757] A 
 Second Set of Scots Songs, Edin., n.d. These 
 were re-issued in London about 1762-65. The 
 Songs in the Gentle Shepherd, adapted to the 
 guitar, Edin. 1759. The Vocal Harmonists' 
 Magazine, being a collection of catches, glees, 
 canons, and canzonets, London, n.d. The 
 Freemasons' Songs, with choruses in 8 and 4 
 parts ... to which is added some other songs 
 proper for Lodges, London [1759] . A col- 
 1-ection of Scots Reels, or Country dances, with 
 a bass for the violonceMo or harpsichord . . , 
 Edin. [issued in 8 parts, 1757-61] A second 
 collection of Scots Reels or Country dances . . . 
 London [2 parts, 1768] . A curious collection 
 of Sects tunes, with variations for the violin, 
 and a bass for the violoncello or harpsichord, 
 Edin. 759. Rudiments of IMusic, or a short 
 and easy treatise on that subject, to which is 
 added a collection of the best Church tunes, 
 eanons and anthems. Edin. 1756 ; 2nd ed. 
 Edin., 1762; 3rd ed. London, 1763. Instruc- 
 tions for the guitar, London, n.d. Thoughts 
 on the performance of Concert music [pre- 
 fixed to Schetky's Quartets, Op. 6] , London, 
 n.d. The Harpsichord or Si^innet Miscellany, 
 London [1760] . Select concert pieces for the 
 Harpsichord or Pianoforte . . . London, 1780, 
 pub. in numbers. 
 
 Brent, Charlotte, see Pinto, Mrs. 
 
 Brereton, William Henry, bass vocalist, 
 born at Bedford, in 1860. Son of the late 
 Rev. Canon Brereton, rector of St. Mary's, 
 Bedford. Studied under Manuel Garcia, 
 R.A.M., 1877-80; with Sebastian Ronconi, 
 Milan, 1881 ; and had occasional lessons from 
 the late J. B. Welch, and Alberto Randegger, 
 
 BREWSTER. 
 
 1882, and later. He made a successful debut 
 at the Crystal Palace Saturday Concerts, Feb- 
 ruary 18th, 1882, and appeared at the Three 
 Choirs Festivals in turn, at Gloucester, 1883, 
 Worcester, 1884, and Hereford, 1885, and 
 onwards. He sang at the Leeds Festival for 
 the first time, in 1886 ; at the Birmingham 
 Festival, in 1888, in which year he was also 
 engaged for the Handel Festival at the Crys- 
 tal Palace. Has sung at the principal concerts 
 in the United Kingdom. In 1882 he was 
 appointed principal bass at the Foundling 
 Hospital ; to St. Paul's Cathedral, 1886 ; and 
 a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, St. James's, 
 1887. In 1884 he married Miss Sarah Ambler, 
 a soprano vocalist, who has been heard in 
 London concerts, and at the provincial 
 festivals. 
 
 Brett, Harry, authorof The Cornet, scales, 
 exercises, etc. (Novello's primers. No. 28). 
 
 Brewer, Alfred Herbert, organist and 
 composer, born at Gloucester, June 21st, 1865. 
 Chorister in the Cathedral, and pupil of Dr. 
 C. H. Lloyd. Educated at the Cathedral 
 School, and Exeter College, Oxford. In 1882, 
 was elected organist of St. Giles' Church, 
 Oxford, and in 1883 gained the first organ 
 scholarship, R.C.M., studj^ing under Walter 
 Parratt, and other masters. At the end of 
 this j'ear he was elected Organ Scholar of 
 Exeter College, Oxford ; was appointed to St. 
 Michael's, Coventry, in 1886 ; in September, 
 1892, organist and music master at Tonbridge 
 School ; and in December, 1896, organist of 
 Gloucester Cathedral. Beyond his organ 
 work, he is known as a conductor, the Coven- 
 try Musical Society having been under his 
 direction for some years. 
 
 Works. — Five evening services (an orches- 
 tral setting in C, composed by I'equest, and 
 produced at the Gloucester Festival, 1895) ; 
 anthems, carols, h}min tunes, etc. An oper- 
 etta, Rosamond ; j)art-songs (Song and sum- 
 mer, Gloucester Festival, 1892 ; Sad hearts, 
 Hereford, 1894) ; school song, duets, songs ; 
 three organ pieces, two Romances, violin and 
 pf., pieces for pf. solo, and pf. duets. 
 
 Brewer, Thomas, composer, flourished 
 during the 17th century [1610-80]. Educated 
 at Christ's Hospital. He was a performer on 
 the viol. Dates of birth and death unknown. 
 
 Works. — Seven fantasias for the viol ; 
 Rounds and catches in Hilton's " Catch that 
 catch can " ; Turn, Amaryllis, to thy Swain, 
 part-song in Playford's Musical Companion. 
 
 The biography of this composer is obscure. 
 " Turn, Amaryllis," is a well-known and 
 pretty piece. 
 
 Brewster, Henry, writer. Author of a 
 " Concise ]\Iethod of playing thoroughbass," 
 London, 1797. Composer of a Set of lessons- 
 for the harpsichord or pf., oj). 4, 1785. Vaux- 
 hall and grotto songs, London, 1771. 
 
60 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BRIAN. 
 
 Brian, see Bryne (A.) 
 
 Briant, Rowland, organist. Pupil of 
 R.A.M., also associate and professor of the 
 organ there. F.C.O. Organist successively 
 of Eccleston Square Church ; Westbourne 
 Park Chapel ; and New Court Chapel, Tol- 
 liugton Park. Conductor of various choral 
 societies. Composer of Hear my prayer ; 
 Praise ye the Lord ; Come unto me ; Come 
 now, and let us reason together ; and other 
 authems. 
 
 Bridge, Frederick Albert, organist, 
 vocalist, lecturer and writer ; born in London, 
 1841. Choirmaster and solo bass, St. An- 
 drew's Undershaft ; Organist, St. Martin's, 
 Ludgate, 1873-8 ; Choirmaster, St. Martin-in- 
 the-Pields, 1878-82 ; of St. John's, Lewisham. 
 Commenced his Musical Monologue Lecture 
 Entertainnaent in 1872. Conductor of St. 
 John's Choral Society, Lewisham, 1885-91 ; 
 and of the North West London Musical and 
 Dramatic Society. Author of A Brief history 
 of Mr. Henry Leslie's choir (London, 1880). 
 Married, in 1863, Miss Eliz.\beth Stirling 
 {q.v.)^ 
 
 Bridge, John Frederick, composer, or- 
 ganist, and didactic writer, born at Oldbury, 
 Worcestershire, December 5, 1844. [His father, 
 John Bridge, was for many years a lay-clerk 
 at Rochester Cathedral, and an original mem- 
 ber of the Choir Benevolent Fund. He died 
 at Chester, September 1, 1893]. Entered Ro- 
 chester Cathedral as a chorister in 1850, and 
 after being taught for some time by his father, 
 was articled to J. Hopkins, studying later with 
 (Sir) John Goss. F.R.C.O., 1867 ; Mus. Bac, 
 1868 ; Mus. D., Oxford, 1874. Was appointed 
 organist of Trinity Church, Windsor, 1865; 
 Manchester Cathedral, 1869; Professor of har- 
 mony at Owen's College, 1872 ; permanent 
 deputy organist at Westminster Abbey, 1875, 
 and. after the death of James Turle (1882), or- 
 ganist and master of the choristers. Conductor 
 of the Highbury Philharmonic Society, 1878- 
 86, and of the Western Madrigal Society. 
 Examiner in Music, Oxford University, 1885, 
 and in London University, 1891 ; Vice-Presi- 
 dent, Trinity College, London, 1891. Ap- 
 pointed Gresham Professor of Music, May, 
 1890, the scope and variety of the " Gresham 
 Lectures " being greatly extended by him. 
 He became conductor of the Royal Choral 
 Society in succession to Sir Joseph Barnby in 
 1896. During his tenure of office at West- 
 minster Abbey he has had some very impor- 
 tant functions to discbarge. He arranged all 
 the music and composed a special anthem 
 ("Blessed be the Lord") for the celebration of 
 the Qvieen's Jubilee, June 21, 1887 ; receiving 
 the thanks of Her Majesty, and the Silver 
 Jubilee Medal. Other notable musical ar- 
 rangements were those for the funeral of Lord 
 Tennyson (October 12, 1892), and the Purcell 
 
 BRIDGEMAN. 
 
 Commemoration (November 21, 1895). Dr. 
 Bridge is Professor of Harmony and Counter- 
 point, R.C.M. ; Hon. R.A.M., and a member 
 of the Philharmonic Society. He has lectured 
 on musical subjects in Birmingham and other 
 places. 
 
 Works. — Mount Moriah, oratorio (1874); 
 Boadicea, cantata (Highbury Phil. Soc, May 
 81, 1880) ; Hymn to the Creator (Highbury, 
 1883; Worcester Festival, 1884); Rock of Ages 
 (Mr. Gladstone's Latin translation, Birming- 
 ham Festival, 1885) ; Callirhoe, cantata, Bir- 
 mingham, 1888 ; The Repentance of Nineveh, 
 dramatic oratorio (book by Joseph Bennett, 
 Worcester Festival, 1890) ; The Lord's Prayer 
 (from Dante's Purgatorio, translated by Rev. 
 E. H. Plumpton, Gloucester, 1892) ; The Cradle 
 of Christ (Stabat Mater Speciosa, Hereford, 
 1894); choral ballads, The Festival (men's 
 voices) ; The Inchcape bell. Church services, 
 anthems, etc. Editor of Westminster Abbey 
 Chant Book ; Songs from Shakespeare. Part- 
 songs. Concert overture, Morte d' Arthur 
 (Birmingham, 1886) ; Minuet and trio, orches- 
 tra ; Sonata in D, organ, etc. Author of Pri- 
 mer on Counterpoint, Double Counterpoint, 
 Organ accompaniment, and IMusical Gestures 
 and Rudiments in Rhymes (Novello). 
 
 Bridge, Joseph Cox, composer and or- 
 ganist, brother of the preceding, born at Ro- 
 chester, August 16, 1853. Received his musical 
 training at the Cathedral, where he became 
 assistant organist ; afterwards acting in a 
 similar capacity to his brother at Manchester 
 Cathedral. In 1871 he was appointed organist 
 of Exeter College, Oxford. Graduated B.A., 
 1875; Mus. B., 1876; M.A., 1878 ; and Mus. 
 D., Oxford, 1884. F.C.O. , 1879. Appointed 
 Organist of Chester Cathedral, 1877, he has 
 been Conductor of the Triennial Festivals there 
 since their re-establishment in 1879. For 
 some years, from 1887, he was Conductor of 
 the Bradford Festival Choral Society, His 
 compositions include several works produced 
 at the Chester Festivals : Magnificat and Nunc 
 Dimittis, for voices, orchestra, and organ 
 (1879) ; Oratorio, " Daniel " (1885) ; Cantata, 
 Rudel (1891) ; and a Symphony in P, orchestra 
 (1894). He has also composed an operetta, 
 "The Belle of the Area"; an anthem for 
 Harvest Festivals ; some pieces for pf . ; songs ; 
 also transcriptions for the organ. 
 
 Bridgeman, Charles, organist, was born 
 at Hertford, August 20, 1778. Studied the 
 organ under J. Cubitt Pring, and violin under 
 Franyois Cramer. In 1823 he founded the 
 Hertford Musical Society, and for many years 
 was teacher of music at Christ's Hospital, 
 Hertford. He was organist of Hertford Parish 
 Church for the long period of 81 years. Died 
 at Hertford, August 3, 1873. 
 
 Bridgeman, John Vipon, musician and 
 writer, born in 1819. He was for upwards of 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 61 
 
 BRIDGMAN. 
 
 30 years foreign editor of the Mzisical TForM. 
 Translated Wagner's " 0]}ev und Drama," 
 Judaism in music, etc. Wrote libretto of 
 Balfe's, Armourer of Nantes, and Puritan's 
 daughter. Also translated various novels and 
 other works from the French and German, 
 such as Freytag's " Soil und Haben " (Debit 
 and Credit), and works by Gautier, Blanc, 
 and Hugo. He died at London, September 
 30, 1889. 
 
 Bridgewater, Robert, composer and bass 
 singer, born at York (?) in 1814. ? Son of 
 Thomas Bridgewater, organist of St. Saviour's, 
 York, who died January 6, 1831. He died at 
 Windsor, July 24, 1869. Compiler of "Sacred 
 music, consisting of chants, etc." York, 1840. 
 " Church psalmody . . ." London, 1850. He 
 also composed songs, etc. 
 
 Bridgman, Frederick William, pianist, 
 born in London, January 16, 1833. While very 
 young went to reside with his grandfather, 
 Mr. Eager, an esteemed teacher of music, at 
 Edinburgh. He first appeared as a juvenile 
 performer on the concertina, and made his 
 debut as a pianist in March, 1840. He con- 
 tinued to play, in Edinburgh and other places, 
 as a musical prodigy, but in 1851 he went to 
 Leipzig, and entered uj)on a thorough course 
 of study, winning the favour of Moscheles 
 whose pupil he was. In 1854 he returned to 
 England, and appeared as soloist and con- 
 ductor in London and the provinces. He was 
 for some years manager of the Metropolitan 
 English Opera Company. He settled in Edin- 
 burgh as a teacher in 1862, where he was 
 highly successful. He was organist of the 
 United Presbyterian Church, College Street, 
 and was accompanist at the Glasgow City 
 Hall Saturday Concerts, celebrating his artis- 
 tic Jubilee at one of them, March 22, 1890. 
 Died at Edinburgh, December 28, 1892. 
 
 Bridson, lohn, baritone vocalist, born in 
 Liverpool, j.837. Engaged in business j)ur- 
 suits, he sang as an amateur for many years, 
 ultimately, studying under J. B. Welch, 
 adopting singing as a profession. One of his 
 early successes was, as a substitute for ]\Ir. 
 Santley, in the first performance as an orato- 
 rio, of Rossini's " ]\Ios^ in Egitto," at a con- 
 cert of the Sacred Harmonic Society, under 
 Sir Michael Costa, May 24th, 1878. The same 
 year he sang in " Judas Maccabseus," in Bir- 
 mingham, and created a very favourable 
 impression. He afterwards appeared at the 
 principal London and provincial concerts. 
 His voice, if not remarkable for power, was of 
 admirable quality ; and he was a singer of 
 culture and refinement. He died in London, 
 December 11th, 1895. 
 
 Bright, Dora Estella, pianist and com- 
 poser, born at Sheffield, August 16th, 1863. 
 Upon the death of her father, an excellent 
 amateur violinist, in 1881, she entered the 
 
 BRITTON. 
 
 R.A.M., studying the pianoforte under Walter 
 Macfarren, and composition under Ebenezer 
 Prout. She remained at the Acadenry until 
 1888, gaining the Potter Exhibition in 1884, 
 and other prizes, including the Lucas Medal, 
 for composition, in 1888, being the first woman 
 to obtain that honour. During this time she 
 wrote several iniportant works. Her progress 
 as a pianist was such that she was allowed to 
 appear at the Promenade Concerts, Covent 
 Garden, in October, 1882. She began her 
 pianoforte recitals in January, 1889, and ap- 
 peared at the Crystal Palace Concerts, March 
 28th, 1891, playing her Pianoforte Concerto 
 in A minor. The next year (May 11th), she 
 played her Fantasia in G, for pf. and orches- 
 tra, at the Philharmonic Concerts, the first 
 instance of an orchestral work by a woman 
 being admitted to the programme of the 
 Society. She gave recitals of English music, 
 from Byrd to Cowen, in 1892, and in October, 
 1895, began a series of national pianoforte 
 recitals. Her first continental tour was 
 undertaken in the autumn of 1889, when she 
 appeared with success at Dresden, Cologne, 
 and Leipzig. 1\\ 1892, she was married to 
 Captain KnatchbuU, of Bath. 
 
 Works. — Air with variations, orchestra, 
 London, 1890 ; Concerto in A minor, pf. and 
 orchestra, London, 1888 ; Concerto, No. 2, 
 Cologne, 1892 ; Fantasia in G, 1892 ; Quartet 
 in D, pf. and strings, 1893 ; Suite, violin and 
 pf., 1890 ; Duo, two pianos. Musical Artists' 
 Society, 1886. Pieces for pf. and flute, pf. 
 solo; Twelve songs (Novello), etc. 
 
 Brind, Richard, organist and composer 
 of 17tb century. Educated at St. Paul's 
 Cathedral. Organist of St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 Composed a thanksgiving anthem, etc., but is 
 best kuoA\m as the teacher of Greene. He 
 died about 1718. 
 
 Britton, Thomas, musician, was born at 
 Higham Ferrers, Northamptonsliire, in 1651. 
 He was apprenticed to a coal-dealer in Lon- 
 don, and afterwards commenced business on 
 his own account as a coal-dealer in Aylesbury 
 Street, at the corner of Jerusalem Passage, 
 Clerkenwell. He studied Music, Chemistry, 
 and Bibliography, and established weekly con- 
 certs in his own house, and formed a musical 
 club. He died at Clerkenwell, London, 27th 
 September, 1714. 
 
 The musical club was formed by Britton 
 for the practice of chamber music, and the 
 performers consisted of Handel, Pepusch, 
 Banister, H. Needier, Hughes (the poet), P. 
 Hart, H. Symonds, A. Whichello, Shuttle- 
 worth, Wollaston (the painter), etc. Matthew 
 Dubourg when a child played his first solo in 
 Britton's house. The origin of these concerts 
 and their continuance was due to Britton's 
 personal love for music, together, it is believed, 
 with the mutual love for bibliographical and 
 
62 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BROADHOUSE. 
 
 other studies held by many members of his 
 audience. The admission to these concerts 
 was originally free, but afterwards a subscrip- 
 tion of 10s. per annum was charged. At the 
 end of 1892 the Britton concerts were estab- 
 lished in memory of Thomas Britton, at the 
 Hampden Club, Phoenix Street, St. Pancras, 
 London. Britton's books were sold after his 
 death, and the catalogue was published as 
 "The Library of Mr. Thomas Britton, small- 
 coalman, deceas'd, who at his own charge kept 
 up a consort of musick above 40 years in his 
 little cottage, 1714-15. Being a curious Col- 
 lection of Books in Divinity, History, Physick, 
 and Chimistry, in all volumes." . . . 
 
 His portrait, by J. Wollaston, hangs in the 
 National Portrait Gallery, London. 
 
 Broadhouse, John, organist and writer of 
 the present day. Appointed organist of Christ 
 Church, Barnet, 1876; St. John's, Whetstone, 
 1880; and St. Barnabas', Woodside Park, 1889. 
 Editor of the Musical Standard, 1878-80 ; 
 1886-8 ; and again subsequently ; and also of 
 the London Musical Review, 1882-3. Author 
 of Pacts about Fiddles, Violins, Old and New ; 
 The Student's Helmholtz (1881) ; Henry 
 Smart's Compositions for the Organ Analysed 
 (reprinted, 1880, from the Musical Standard). 
 Translator of Thibaut's "Purity in Music" 
 (London, 1883) ; Schmitt's " Use of the Pedal 
 in 'pi. ]3laying"; Billow's "Notes on Beeth- 
 oven's Pianoforte Sonatas." Author of "Love 
 which alters not: a story of to-day," which 
 appeared in the Orchestra (new series), vols. 
 VIII. and IX. 
 
 Broadwood, Lucy E., collector, editor, 
 and composer, youngest child qf Henry Fowler 
 Broadwood, of the firin of John Broadwood 
 and Sons, was born in Scotland. Especially 
 interested in singing, she studied iinder W. 
 Shakespeare, and then continued the work of 
 her uncle, the Rev. John Broadwood (which 
 he completed in 1840), of collecting songs from 
 the country people of Surrey and Sussex. In 
 1893, collaborated with J. A. Fuller Maitland 
 (q.v.) in editing and arranging " English 
 County Songs"; also in the series of "Old 
 World Songs"; and is now (1896) engaged in 
 editing some of Purcell's works. Has arranged 
 and published the eld Scotch airs, " Jess Mac- 
 farlane," and "In Loyalty," and hascomposed 
 and published Nae mair we'll meet ; Tammy ; 
 When trees did bud; Annie's Tryst, and other 
 songs. 
 
 Brocklesby, Richard, physician of the 
 18th century. Author of "Reflections on 
 Ancient and Modern Music, with its applica- 
 tion to the cure of Diseases," London, 1749. 
 
 Broderip, Edmund, organist and com- 
 poser, who flourished in the beginning of the 
 18th century. He was organist of Wells Cathe- 
 dral about 1720, and wrote a service, anthems, 
 and glees. He was the son of William Bro- 
 
 BROOKS. 
 
 DBRiP, born 1083 ; died Wells, January 31, 
 1720, who was an organist and composer. 
 
 Broderip, John, composer and organist, 
 was born about 1710, and died in 1771, was 
 organist of Wells Cathedral, 1740. He wrote 
 various sets of songs, psalms, and " Six Glees 
 for three Voices," London, n.d., "The Flower 
 Garden, a collection of songs, duets, and can- 
 tatas " ; "Portions of Psalms, in one, two, 
 three, and four parts, adapted to 50 tunes 
 composed by John and Robert Broderip, Lon- 
 don, 1780"; also "Psalms, hymns, and s^jirit- 
 ual songs in score, for publick or private use," 
 London [1765] n.d. 
 
 Broderip, Robert, organist and composer, 
 was born about the middle of the 18th cen- 
 tury. He was organist of St. James', Bristol, 
 and died at Bristol, May 14, 1808. Brother 
 of the preceding. Compiled " Miscellaneous 
 Collection of Vocal music," n.d.; " Organist's 
 Journal, selections from great Masters," n.d.; 
 " Cecilian Harmony, a set of the most favou- 
 rite duets, rotas, canons, catches, and glees," 
 London, 1790; "Plain and easy instructions 
 for young performers on the pianoforte or 
 harpsichord, oj). 6"; "Eight voluntaries for 
 the organ, op. 5"; "Concerto for the harpsi- 
 chord or pianoforte, with accompaniment for 
 two violins and violoncello, op. 7." He also 
 wrote songs, single glees, and edited a book of 
 psalms with his brother. 
 
 Bromley, Robert Anthony, author and 
 clergyman, died London, 1806. He published 
 a tract entitled " On Opening the Church and 
 Organ, Sermon on Psalm cxxii.," Lond., 1771. 
 
 Brookbank, Rev. Joseph, clergpiian and 
 schoolmaster, born at Halifax in 1612. He 
 was educated at Oxford and ordained a minis- 
 ter. For some time he was a preacher in 
 Wycombe, Bucks., but in 1651 he settled in 
 London as a schoolmaster and minister. He 
 died after 1668. 
 
 Works. — The Well-tun'd organ, or anexer- 
 citation wherein this question is discuss'd 
 whether or no instrumental and organic Mu- 
 sick be lawful in holy publick assemblies, Lon- 
 don, 1060 ; The Organ's Echo, London, 1041; 
 The Organ's Funeral, London, 1042 ; The Holy 
 Harmony, or a plea for the abolishing of Or- 
 gans and other Musick in Churches, London, 
 1043 ; Gospel Musick, by N. H. , London, 1044 ; 
 The Compleat Schoolmaster, 1600. 
 
 Brooke, Daniel, clergyman and author. 
 Published a Sermon preached at Worcester, 
 at the meeting of the three western choirs, in 
 September, 1743 ; a discourse on the nrusick 
 of the church on the occasion of the perform- 
 ance of Handel's oratorio, " Athalia," 1743. 
 
 Brooks, James, musician and glee com- 
 poser, who flourished in Bath between 1700 
 and 1812. He composed " Twelve glees for 
 three and four voices," n.d. ; "Second Sett of 
 twelve glees for three and four voices," n.d. ; 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 63 
 
 BROOKS. 
 
 " Twelve English ballads," op. 5 [1790] . 
 Concerto for the violin, in nine parts, 1797 ; 
 Nocturne for the pf. and 'cello or flute ; 
 Thirty-six select pieces for a military band. 
 
 Brooks, Walter, organist, born at Long- 
 don, Worcestershire, April 1st, 1832. Recom- 
 mended to the Rev. Sir J. H. Seymour, Bart, 
 (preacher at the Gloucester Festival of 18.32), 
 he was accepted as a chorister at Gloucester 
 Cathedral, and afterwards articled to John 
 Amott, the organist. On leaving, he was ap- 
 pointed organist and choirmaster at Upton, 
 St. Leonard ; then to Christ Church, Hamp- 
 stead ; St. Mary's, Atherstone, and, in 1857, 
 after competition, to St. Martin's, Birming- 
 ham, a post he holds to the present time. 
 Beyond conducting some concerts of the St. 
 Martin's Musical Society, he has not taken 
 part in public work, but has devoted himself 
 to church music, and to teaching. 
 
 Walter William Brooks, eldest son of 
 the above, composer, conductor, and writer 
 on music, was born at Edgbaston, Birming- 
 ham, March 19th, 1861. Received his earliest 
 musical education from his parents, and was 
 a chorister at St. Martin's Church. Educated 
 at King Edward's School, obtaining first place 
 in all England for music (theory) in the Ox- 
 ford local examinations. From 1879-81, he 
 studied comx^osition at the R.A.M., under 
 (Professor) E. Prout, after which he settled 
 in London as teacher and writer. He has 
 held, since 1889, the position of teacher of 
 pianoforte and singing at the William Ellis 
 Endowed School, Gospel Oak. He has con- 
 tributed articles to The Monthly Musical 
 Record (of which he was sometime editor), 
 Musical Opinion, and other papers, and has 
 had some experience as a dramatic critic on 
 the London Figaro. His compositions include 
 an Allegro, for orchestra (Prize, 1891, Belfast 
 Philharmonic Society) ; Deux IMorceaux, op. 
 14 ; Album Lyrique, op. 48 ; Trois Morceaux, 
 op. 50, all for violin and pf . Prelude and Fugue 
 in D minor (dedicated to Sir F. Ouseley) ; "The 
 family circle," twelve characteristic pieces ; 
 Six progressive studies, and other pieces for 
 pf. ; songs, and part-songs. 
 
 Arthur Charles Brooks, the younger 
 brother of preceding, was born at Edgbaston, 
 May 4th, 1864. Chorister at St. Martin's. 
 Educated at King Edward's School. Early 
 musical training at home ; then studied at 
 R.C.M., under Dr. G. C. Martin, Dr. J. F. 
 Bridge, Franklin Taylor, and others. In 1884, 
 appointed organist and musicmaster at Bea- 
 consfield School, Bucks, and organist of the 
 Parish Church ; in 1890, to St. John's, Sligo, 
 Ireland, which office he resigned in 1896 to 
 return to Birmingham, where he is engaged 
 in general musical tuition. 
 
 Brooksbank, Hugh, organist, born at 
 Peterborough, September 13th, 1854. Chor- 
 
 BROOME. 
 
 ister at St. George's Chapel Royal, Windsor, 
 and afterwards articled to Dr. Keeton, of 
 Peterborough Cathedral. Organ scholar, Ex- 
 eter College, Oxford, where he graduated Mus. 
 Bac, 1874, also taking the F.C.O. the same 
 year. In 1881 he was appointed organist to 
 the new church of St. Alban, Birmingham ; 
 and in 1882 to Llandaff Cathedral, a post he 
 held till his death, at Cardiff, April 28th, 1894. 
 He was organist at the first Cardiff Musical 
 Festival, 1892. His published works include 
 Evening Services in E flat, and B flat (unison) ; 
 a Benedicite, and songs. His brother, Oliver 
 Oldham Brooksbakk, was born at Peter- 
 borough, May 17th, 1859. Was also chorister 
 at St. George's, Windsor, and pupil of Dr. 
 Keeton. F.R.C.O., Mus. Bac, Durham, 1894. 
 Organist at Fletton, 1877 ; Alton Parish 
 Church, 1880; St. Leonard's, 1882; St. John's, 
 Leatherhead, 1888 ; St. Martin's, Bedford, 
 1893 ; and Addlestone Parish Church. Has 
 also held apx^ointments as organist or music- 
 master at Chardstock (1880) ; Highbury and 
 Tonbridge Schools (1891) ; assistant at Trinity 
 College, Glenalmond(1881), and music-master, 
 Leamington College (1887). His compositions 
 are: "Story of the Cross" (1895); church 
 services, offertory sentences, set of hymn-tunes 
 (1891). Songs: If 'tis love; The song of 
 jledora, etc. ; pf . and organ pieces, etc. 
 
 Broome, Edward, organist and composer, 
 a native of North Wales. For some time 
 organist and choirmaster, St. IMary's, Bangor. 
 Successful competitor as composer and choral 
 conductor at Eisteddfodan. Among his com- 
 positions is an anthem in memory of Eos 
 Morlais (Robert Rees, q.v.), which won the 
 prize at the Eisteddfod, Pontypridd, 1898. 
 Now resident as organist and professor of 
 music at Montreal, Canada. 
 
 Broome, Michael, musician, was born 
 in 1700. He was clerk of St. Philip's Church, 
 Birmingham, but appears to have been a 
 singing-master at Isleworth, INIiddlesex, and 
 also a printer or engraver in Birmingham. 
 According to his tombstone at St. Philip's, 
 Birmingham, he was " Father of the IMusical 
 Society in this town." He died at Birming- 
 ham, September 20, 1775, aged 75. 
 
 Works. — " Michael Broome's Collection of 
 Church Musick for the use of his Scholars," 
 n.d. "A Choice Collection of Psalm Tunes, 
 Hymns and Anthems, all in three or four parts, 
 with the gamut and its branches: newly done 
 in a fair large character ; the whole being drawn 
 out in schore : Collected and printed by Michael 
 Broom, singing-master, Isleworth, Middle- 
 sex" [1781]. Another edition [1738]. "A Choice 
 Collection of Twenty-four Psalm Tunes, all in 
 four parts ; and Fifteen Anthems, set by diffe- 
 rent authors . . . ; the whole collected, engraved 
 and printed by Michael Broome, Birming- 
 ham," [1738]. "A Collection of Twenty- 
 
64 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 BROOMPIELD. 
 
 eight Psalm Tunes in four parts ... for the 
 use of the Churches and Chapels in and near 
 Birmingham," Birminghain, 1753. " The 
 Catch Club, or Pleasant Musical Companion, 
 containing a Choice Collection of Fifty 
 Catches, both Ancient and Modern . . . 
 collected, printed and sold by Michael Broome, 
 near St. Philip's Church, Birmingham, 1757." 
 
 Broomfield, William Robert, com- 
 poser and writer. Born at Inverary, Argyle, 
 14th October, 182G. He was for a time in 
 an accountant's office in Glasgow, where he 
 studied music under John Turnbull. About 
 1850 he settled in Aberdeen as a music 
 teacher, and while there he did much work 
 for William Hamilton, of Glasgow. He was 
 a confirmed dijrisomaniac, and, in spite of 
 several efforts to cure him, he became victim 
 to his habits, and died at Aberdeen, October 
 16, 1888. In July, 1889, a monument to his 
 memory was erected over his grave in Allan- 
 vale Cemetery, Aberdeen. 
 
 Works. — Psalm r?wics:"St.Kilda," "Shan- 
 don," " Tj'ion." Songs: Edited "National Songs, 
 harmonised as vocal quartettes," first series, 
 London, n.d.; second series, Glasgow, 1868. 
 "The Principles of Ancient and Modern Music, 
 deduced from the Harmonical Numbers of An- 
 tiquity," Aberdeen, 1863. "Manual of Har- 
 mony for the use of Students in Musical Com- 
 position," Glasgow, 1872. 
 
 Broughton, Alfred, pianist and conduc- 
 tor, born near Dewsbury, Yorkshire, January 
 12, 1853. Studied at first under his brother 
 James {q^-v.), and then under Lebert, Tod, and 
 Attinger, at Stuttgart Conservatorium. In 1872 
 he was appointed organist to the Leeds Phil- 
 harmonic Society, and in 1884, conductor. 
 He was accompanist at the Leeds Festival of 
 1883, and choirmaster from 1886. Trained 
 bodies of Leeds choristers have been under 
 his direction, associated with the Festivals at 
 Worcester, 1887, and Hereford, 1888 ; and he 
 has taken detachments of his choir to assist 
 at the Richter and Henschel concerts in Lon- 
 don. He was a pianist of high attainments, as 
 well as a conductor. He died at Leeds, June 
 12, 1895. His brother, James Broughton, 
 born near Dewsbury, in 1833, went to Leeds 
 at the age of thirteen, and was appointed or- 
 ganist of St. Ann's Roman Catholic Church, 
 where he remained for over twenty years. He 
 was chorus-master of the Leeds Festival from 
 1874 to 1883, and for a period of ten years 
 gave series of classical chamber concerts in 
 Leeds. He died March 12, 1887. 
 
 Brouncker, William Viscount, writer, 
 born in 1620, died in 1684. Translated " Des- 
 carte's Musical Compendium," 1653. Pub- 
 lished anonymously an " Excellent Compen- 
 dium of Musick ; with necessary and judicious 
 animadversions thereupon, by a Person of 
 Honour." 
 
 BROWN. 
 
 Brown, Abraham, violinist and composer. 
 
 Was one of the principal performers at Rane- 
 lagh Gardens, where he succeeded Festing, 
 about 1752, and at the aristocratic concerts, 
 in London about the middle of last century. 
 His tone is mentioned as having been clear, 
 but loud. 
 
 Brown, Arthur Henry, organist and 
 composer, born at Brentwood, Essex, July 24, 
 1830. Organist of Brentwood Parish Church, 
 1841 ; St. Edward's, Romford, 1852-7 ; Brent- 
 wood, 1857-85; St. Peter's, South Weald, 
 Brentford, 1889. Associated with the revival 
 of Gregorian music, and member of the Com- 
 mittee of the London Gregorian Choral Asso- 
 ciation. 
 
 Works. — Cantata, The First Miracle ; Mis- 
 sa Seraphica (Communion service, in C) ; 
 Missa Quinti Toni (plain chant Communion 
 service) ; Missa Ccelestis ; A flower service ; 
 Children's festival service (compiled by Rev. 
 S. Childs Clarke. M.A.) ; Harvest Tide, a ser- 
 vice of song for Harvest Thanksgivings ; A 
 century of Hymn tunes (1880) ; The Gregorian 
 Canticles and Psalter (1874) ; Anglican Can- 
 ticles and Psalter (1877) ; The Canticles of 
 Holy Church (Gregorian) ; The ]Matin and 
 Vesper Canticles (Anglican) ; Metrical Lit- 
 anies ; The Prayer Book noted, with plain 
 chant for all the offices of the Church (1885) ; 
 Introits for Sundays and Festivals of the 
 year (1885) ; Te Deum, Magnificat, and Nunc 
 Dimittis ; Anthem for Christmas, etc.: A 
 Christmas volume of prose and song (Barbara 
 Wordsworth) ; Part-songs ; Songs : Across the 
 field of barley; Somebody's darling; Gather 
 ye rosebuds, etc. New Pianoforte Tutor 
 (1882). Pieces for pf. : Sarabande and Gigue ; 
 Gavotte and minuet, etc. Organ Harmonies 
 for the Gregorian tones : select compositions 
 from the great Masters (arranged) ; Select 
 overtures from the great Masters ; Twenty 
 original voluntaries for organ or harmonium. 
 Carols and hymn tunes, contributed to Hymns 
 Ancient and Modern, and various collections. 
 
 Brown, Colin, musician and theoretical 
 writer, was born at Liverpool, August 25, 1818. 
 He was descended from an Argyleshire family. 
 Euing lecturer on Music in Anderson's Col- 
 lege, Glasgow, from 1868. He died at Hill- 
 head, Glasgow, December 19, 1896. 
 
 Works. — Music in Common Things, Part 
 I. : Analysis of a Musical Sound, and the 
 Production therefrom of the Musical Scale, 
 1874; Part 2: Mathematical and Mus-ical 
 Relations of the Scale, shewing the Principles, 
 Construction, and Tuning of the Natural 
 Fingerboard with Perfect Intonation, 1876 ; 
 Part 4 : Music in Speech and Speech in Music, 
 Glasgow, 1870. Songs of Scotland (with J. 
 Pittman) London, n.d. The Thistle, A Mis- 
 cellany of Scottish Song, with Notes, Critical 
 and Historical, Instrumental Accompani- 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 65 
 
 BROWN. 
 
 ments and Harmonies by James Merrylees, 
 Glasgow, 1884 [originally issued in parts] . 
 
 Mr. Brown constructed an instrument called 
 the Voice Harmonium, founded upon the 
 Monopolytone, to which the principles of 
 perfect intonation were successfully applied. 
 The novel character of the keyboard, fully 
 described in " ]Music in Common Things," 
 part II., will perhax^s act as an obstruction to 
 its speedy adoption. The Monopolytone above 
 mentioned is a small instrument for striking 
 on the keyboard of a pf., producing a perfect 
 unison, though sounding every note and dis- 
 cord of the scale. His harmonium was awar- 
 ded the first place at an exhibition of instru- 
 ments illustrating the same principle held in 
 London. 
 
 Brown, Edward, organist and conductor 
 of present time. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1878; 
 Mus. Doc, 1883, Oxford. Organist and choir- 
 master, St. James', Barrow-in-Furness, and 
 St. Paul's, Grange-over-Sands ; choirmaster, 
 Furness Association of Church Choirs. Con- 
 ductor of choral societies at Barrow, Ulverston 
 and Grange. His setting of Psalm 45 (Uni- 
 versity exercise for Mus. Doc), was performed 
 with success, April 9th, 1883. He has pub- 
 lished some church music, songs, etc 
 
 Brown, H., musician and author of 
 present time, resident in Brixton, London. 
 Issued " Historical sketch of music from the 
 most ancient to modern times," London 
 [1886]; also "Sonnets by Shakspeare solved." 
 
 Brown, J. C, musician of Clerkenwell, 
 London. Compiled " Collection of original 
 sacred music, containing 104 psalm and hymn 
 tunes, and four pieces harmonized for four 
 voices, and arranged for the organ," London, 
 1818. 
 
 Brown, James D., tenor singer, lecturer 
 and teacher, was born at Aberdeen in 1834. 
 He studied music and singing iinder James 
 Davie, Samuel Barr, Thomas Macfarlane, 
 H. Kuchler, and Alex. W. Smith, and was 
 conductor of i^salmody in Free St. David's 
 Church, Edinburgh, from 1865 till 1877. 
 Since 1866, he has given many concerts and 
 lectures on the ballad music of Scotlaird, and 
 has done much to aid the movement in favour 
 of thorough voice cultivation, and to foster a 
 taste for the old and genuine ballad music of 
 Scotland. He has composed a few songs to 
 words by Burns, etc. His son, James Duff 
 Brown, was born at Edinburgh, November 
 6th, 1862. He was educated at the Church 
 of Scotland Normal School, and afterwards 
 entered the employment of publishing firms 
 in Edinburgh and Glasgow. From 1878 till 
 1888 he was an assistant-librarian in the 
 Mitchell Library, Glasgow, and in September, 
 1888, he was appoiiited librarian of Clerken- 
 well Public Library, London, a position he 
 now holds. Author of " Biographical diction- 
 
 BROWN. 
 
 ary of musicians, with a bibliography of 
 English writings on music," Paisley, 1886. 
 "Handbook of library appliances: the techni- 
 cal equipment of libraries," Loudon, 1892. 
 " Guide to the formation of a music library," 
 London, 1893. Numerous papers on library 
 economy, and on topics connected with 
 bibliography and literature. 
 
 Brown John, clergyman and writer, born 
 at Rothbury, Northumberland, 1715. Edu- 
 cated at Cambridge. Vicar of Great Horkesley, 
 Essex, 1754. Vicar of St. Nicholas', New- 
 castle, 1758. Committed suicide while insane, 
 September 23rd, 1766. 
 
 Works. — Honour, a poem ; Essay on satire ; 
 Sermons; Essays on Shaftesbury's Character- 
 istics, 1751 ; Dissertation on the rise, union, 
 and poAver, the progressions, separations, and 
 corruptions of poetry and music, to which is 
 prefixed The Cure of Saul, a sacred ode, 
 London, 1763 ; Remarks on some observations 
 on Dr. Brown's dissertation on poetry and 
 musick, London, 1764 ; An estimate of the 
 manners and principles of the times, 1757. 
 
 An Italian edition of the Dissertation was 
 published in 1772. 
 
 Brow^n, John, artist and writer, born at 
 Edinburgh, 1752. Resided in Italy from 1771 
 till 1781. He died in ScotlEuid, 1781. Author 
 of " Letters upon the Poetry and Music of 
 the Italian Opera," Edinburgh, 1789. 
 
 Brown, Robert, of Rockhaven, writer and 
 theorist, was born at Glasgow, 1789-90, and 
 died at Rockhaven, near Faiiiie, Ayrshire, 
 25th August, 1873. Author of The Elements 
 of Musical Science, London, 1860. An Intro- 
 duction to Musical Arithmetic, with its appli- 
 cation to Temperament, London, 1865. 
 Rudiments of Harmony and Counterpoint on 
 a New Method . . . London, 1863. Also a 
 work on Scottish Highland Psahii Tunes. 
 
 In the first work Brown advocates the 
 adoption of a uniform clef, and illustrates 
 this in the course of his book. He also sug- 
 gests certain modifications in the method of 
 expressing harmonical combinations, etc. 
 
 Brown, Thomas, musician of 18th cen- 
 tury. Author of " The Compleat Musick 
 Master, being plain, easie and familiar rules 
 for singing and playing " . . London [1704]. 
 
 Another Thomas Brown, styled "junior," 
 was organist of St. Margaret Pattens and St. 
 Gabriel, Fenchurch Street, London, in latter 
 part of the 18th century. He published a 
 " Collection of Songs, and a Cantata for the 
 harpsichord or pianoforte," London, 1774. 
 
 Brown, Thomas, musician, compiled 
 "Psalms and hymns, as sung at the Sunday 
 evening lectures in the galilee of Durham 
 Cathedral, arranged for four voices, with an 
 accompaniment for the organ or pianoforte," 
 Durham, 1842. 
 
 Brown, William, musician, issued a col- 
 
 E 
 
66 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BROWN. 
 
 lection of Psalm Tunes, in four parts," Glas- 
 gow, 1700. 
 
 Brown, William, musician, of 18th cen- 
 tury, was a teacher in Glasgow, and precentor 
 in the Wynd Church (St. George's Parish 
 Church), which he resigned in 1807. He com- 
 piled " The Precentor, or an easy introduction 
 to Church Music, with a choice collection of 
 Psalm Tunes" . . . 6th ed., 1799, originally 
 issued in 177G, by John McLachlan. 
 
 Brown-Borthwick, Rev. Robert, clergy- 
 man and amateur musician ; was born at 
 Aberdeen, May 18th, 1840. Son of William 
 Brown, Esq., of H.M. Civil Service, Aberdeen, 
 who was an amateur musician, well-known at 
 the concerts of that city. Ordained deacon 
 in 1865. Ordained priest, 1866. Curate of 
 Sudely Manor, Gloucestershire, and Chaplain 
 to the Winchcomb Union. Curate of Evesham, 
 Worcestershire, and assistant-minister of 
 Quebec Chapel, London. Mr. Brown-Borth- 
 wick assumed additional surname of Borthwick 
 on his marriage in 1868 to Grace (D. 1884), 
 only surviving daughter of the late, and sister 
 of the present, John Borthwick, Esq., of 
 Borthwick Castle, and Crookston, Midlothian. 
 Incumbent of Holy Trinity, Grange-in-Borrow- 
 dale, Cumberland, 1869-72. Vicar of All 
 Saints, Scarborough, 1872. Chaplain for a 
 few years to the Bishop of Aberdeen. Vicar of 
 St. John's, Clapham. Died March 17th, 1894. 
 WoEKS. — Supplemental hymn and tune 
 book (Novello), containing contributions by 
 Goss, Sullivan, Stainer, E. J. Hopkins, and 
 J. B. Calkin, four editions. Twelve Kyries. 
 Kyries and Sanctuses, edited. Blessed are 
 the dead, anthem. Words of " Church hymns " 
 (with the Bishop of Bedford (Dr. W. How), 
 Rev. J. EUerton, Rev. B. Compton), the hymn 
 book issued by the S.P.C.K. Select hymns 
 for church and home, Edin.. 1871. The 
 History of the Princes de Conde, by H.R.H. 
 le due d'Aumale, translated, London, 8vo, 
 2 vols. Life and works of Stephen Heller, by 
 H. Barbedette, translated, London. Hymns, 
 contributed to various collections. Sermons 
 on various subjects, as "Art in worship," 
 " The praise of God," etc., all published. 
 
 Browne, James A., violinist, conductor, 
 and writer on music ; born at Woolwich, 
 May 9th, 1838. Joined the Royal Artillery 
 Band in 1848, as a singing-boy, and received 
 instruction on the flute and violin ; was 
 appointed solo flutist in the band in 1864, 
 and from that date was similarly engaged in 
 London theatres, concerts, and the Handel 
 and other festivals. Appointed band-master. 
 Royal Horse Artillery, in 1870, retiring on a 
 pension in 1878, when he accepted the post of 
 band-master to the South Metropolitan 
 Schools, Sutton. Musical Director, Royal 
 Court Theatre, London, 1880-1 ; Conductor 
 of the Orchestral Festival Services, St. Agnes, 
 
 BROWNSMITH. 
 
 Kennington Park, 1881-94 ; teacher of the 
 violin. Started the Sttrrey Musical Journal 
 (which existed only for six months), in 1885 ; 
 became sub-editor British Musician, 1893 ; 
 sole editor, 1895 ; proprietor and editor, 1896. 
 His published works include ; ]\Iilitary band 
 arrangements; a part-song, "The dragoons"; 
 songs ; March, " Cleopatra," an oboe solo. 
 In MS. he has a drawing-room oratorio ; an 
 opera ; a string quartet, and some dramatic 
 music. Author of The north-west passage 
 [1860] ; History of the Royal Artillery [1865] ; 
 and papers on bands and music in the Service 
 Advertiser [1884] ; and the Surrey Musical 
 Jour7ial, etc., etc. 
 
 Browne, Lennox, surgeon and writer on 
 the voice, born at London, in 1841. He was 
 the son of a distinguished surgeon. Educated 
 at Edinburgh and London. F.R.C.S., Edin., 
 1873 ; M.R.C.S., Eng., 1863. Member of 
 numerous medical societies, and surgeon to 
 various musical societies. Author of " The 
 throat and its diseases," London, 1878, 4th 
 ed., 1893. " Voice, song, and speech, a com- 
 plete manual for singers and speakers," 
 London (Low), 1883; 15th ed. 1892. Written 
 in conjunction with E. Behnke. " The child's 
 voice ; its treatment with regard to after 
 development," London, 1885 (with Behnke). 
 " Voice, use, and stimulants," 1885. " Mech- 
 anism of hearing," 1889, etc. " Science and 
 singing," 1884. 
 
 Browne, Richard, medical writer, who 
 was an apothecary at Oakhani. Author of 
 " Medicina musica; or a mechanical essay 
 on the effects of singing, musick, and dancing, 
 on human bodies ; to which is annexed a new 
 essay on the nature and cure of the sx^leen and 
 vapours," London, 1729. 
 
 Browne, Thomas (Tom), violinist, born 
 at Newcastle in 1812 ? Studied under Elia- 
 son, and theory with T. Severn, and French 
 Flowers. In the band of Her Majesty's The- 
 atre ; Sacred Harmonic Society, etc. Popular 
 as a teacher, and composer of dance music, 
 his "Helena Waltz" having had a great 
 circulation. Of his songs, " On the swelling 
 deep," deserves mention. Died in London, 
 August 10, 1884, 
 
 Brownsmith, John Leman, organist, 
 was born at Westminster, in 1809. Chorister 
 at Westminster Abbey under Greatorex, with 
 whom he studied the organ. Organist of 
 St. John's Church, Waterloo Road, London, 
 1829, an appointment he was compelled to 
 resign when made Lay-vicar of Westminster 
 Abbey, in 1838, because the vestry refused to 
 allow him to have a deputy when on duty 
 at the Abbey. Organist to Sacred Harmonic 
 Society, 1848 ; organist at Handel Festivals 
 of 1857, 1859, 1862, and 1865 ; organist of St. 
 Gabriel, Pimlico. He died at London, Sept. 
 14, 1866. 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 67 
 
 BRUCE. 
 
 Bruce, John, violinist and composer, was 
 a native of Braemar, and accoi'ding to Burns, 
 who linew him well, " a red-wud (i.e., stark- 
 mad) Highlander." He settled in Dmnfries 
 after the rebellion of 1745, in which he took 
 part, and died there December 31. 1785. He 
 is generally regarded as the composer of the 
 air usually sung to " Whistle o'er the lave o't." 
 
 Bruce, John Collingwood, M.A., LL.D., 
 D.C.L., F.S.A., historian of the Roman Wall, 
 and author of numerous books on the Roman 
 occupation of Britain, and mediseval life ui^on 
 Tyne-side. He was a great authority on the 
 subject of the Northumbrian Pipes, and read a 
 paper relating to them at the Conference of 
 Musicians, held at Newcastle-on-Tyne, in 
 January, 1892. He died in that town, April 
 5, 1892, aged 86. 
 
 Bruce, Thomas, musician, of ISth cen- 
 tury, was a schoohnaster in the Cowgate of 
 Edinburgh. Author of " The Common tunes, 
 or Scotland's Church Musick made plain, 
 with a description of the antiquity, use, 
 authors and inventors of ilusick." Edin- 
 burgh, 1726; 2nd ed. n.d. 
 
 Bryan, Cornelius, organist and composer, 
 born at Bristol, about 1775. He held the 
 appointments of organist of St. Mark's, and 
 St. Mary, Redcliffe, Bristol. Died at Bristol, 
 March 18, 1840, from the effects of a fall. 
 
 Works. — Lundy, operetta, 1840. Collection 
 of the most esteemed Psalm Tunes, ancient 
 and modern . . . interspersed with a few orig- 
 inal compositions, 1830. Effusions for the 
 organ, containing eight voluntaries, one hun- 
 dred interludes and three psalms, n.d. 
 
 Bryce, Rev. ? divine and writer who lived 
 in Belfast. Author of "A Rational Intro- 
 duction to Music, being an attempt to simplify 
 the first princii)les of the science," London, 
 1845. 
 
 Bryne, Albert (or Albertus), composer and 
 organist, who flourished in the 17th century, 
 and was born about 1621, and died in 1669. 
 He was a pupil of John Tomkins, whom he 
 succeeded as organist of St. Paul's Cathedral 
 in 1638. Afterwards, he became organist of 
 Westminster Abbey. His compositions appear 
 in Boyce, Clifford, and some are in MS. in the 
 British Museum. They consist of services, 
 anthems, and organ music. His name is 
 variously spelt, Brian, Bryan, etc. 
 
 Bryson, John, musician, who flourished 
 •during latter part of 18th century. He was 
 manager to Robert Bremner at the Harp and 
 Hautboy, Edinburgh, from 1769, and suc- 
 ceeded him in the business in 1789, carrying it 
 on till 1818. Published "A Curious selection 
 of favourite Scots tunes, with variations ; to 
 which are added upwards of fifty favourite Irish 
 airs for a German flute or violin ; with a bass 
 for the harpsichord or violincello," Edin. 
 [1791] . 
 
 BUCKLEY. 
 
 Buchanan, Thomas, surgeon and author. 
 Author of "Physiological Illustrations of the or- 
 gan of hearing, more particularly of the secre- 
 tion of cerumen and its effects in rendering 
 auditory perceptions accurate and acute." 
 London, 1828. 
 
 Buck, Percy Carter, organist, born at 
 West Ham, Essex, 1871. Educated at Mer- 
 chant Taylors School. Chorister at West Ham 
 Parish Church. Pupil of Dr. C. J. Frost, and 
 F. Davenport, at Guildhall School of Music ; 
 and later, winner of an organ scholarship, 
 R.C.M., studying under Dr. Hubert Parry, 
 C. H. Lloyd, and (Sir) Walter Parratt. 
 Prize-winner for composition, Stratford Musi- 
 cal Festivals, 1887-8. F.R.C.O., A.R.C.M., 
 Mus. B., Oxford, 1892, and quahfied by Exam- 
 ination for Mus. D., 1893. Organist at Sur- 
 biton ; Worcester College, Oxford ; Music- 
 master, Rugby School ; and on the death of 
 Mr. C. W. Lavington (Oct. 1895), appointed 
 organist and choirmaster of Wells Cathedral. 
 He has published an organ sonata in E flat, 
 and some trios for female voices, and has 
 written songs, and is joint author (with Rev. 
 Dr. Mee, and F. C. Woods,) of " Ten years of 
 University music in Oxford " (Oxford : Bow- 
 den, 1894). 
 
 Buck, Zechariah, organist and composer, 
 born at Norwich, Sept. 9, 1798. He was a 
 chorister in Norwich Cathedral, under Gar- 
 land and Beckwith. Organist and choir- 
 master of Norwich Cathedral, from 1828 to 
 1877. Mus. Doc, Cantuar, 1853. He acquired 
 great fame as a trainer of boys' voices. Died 
 Newport, Essex, August 5, 1879. 
 
 Works. — Anthems : Come hither, angel 
 tongues invite (1849) ; I heard a voice from 
 heaven ; Lord, give Thy holy spirit. Eight 
 chants in Farr's collection. 
 
 Buckenham, J , of Bramfield, musi- 
 cian of 18th century, issued "Psalm-singer's 
 Devout Exercises, containing (1) new and com- 
 pleat introduction to the grounds of Musick ; 
 (2) Select collection of Church Musick ; (3) 
 Two chanting tunes ; (4) Sixteen anthems 
 and alphabetical glossary." 
 
 Buckland, Henry, tenor vocalist, was a 
 vicar-choral at St. Paul's Cathedral, and 
 master of the choristers. He conducted the 
 annual festivals of the Charity children, at 
 St. Paul's, 1863-7 ; also the special evening 
 services held there. A very good concert 
 singer. He died in London, August 13, 1867, 
 at the age of 41. 
 
 Buckley, Mrs., born Olivia Dussek, 
 pianist and writer, born in London in 1799. 
 Daughter of J. L. Dussek, was taught by her 
 mother, and appeared in public at the age of 
 eight. Organist of Kensington Parish Church, 
 from 1840. Died in London, in 1847. Author 
 of " Musical Truths," London, 1843 ; two 
 books of " Fairy songs and ballads for the 
 
68 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 BUCKNALL. 
 
 young," 1846 ; pf. pieces ; arrangement of 
 " Rule Britannia," for pf. and harp, etc. 
 
 Bucknall, Cedric, organist and composer. 
 Studied privately, and graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1878. Organist of All Saints, Clifton, 
 and of the Victoria Rooms. Has published a 
 communion service in B flat ; composed, 
 revised, and selected tunes for " Hymns for 
 school worship" (Novello, 1893 ?) ; also com- 
 posed part-songs, carols, etc. 
 
 Budd, George William, partner in the 
 publishing firm of Calkin and Budd, was born 
 in 1806. He was the founder of the Western 
 Madrigal Society, and secretary of the Phil- 
 harmonic Society, 1847-50. Edited, for the 
 Musical Antiquarian Society, the second set 
 of madrigals by John Wilbye ; and was the 
 composer of some glees, etc. He died in 
 London, August 1st, 1850. 
 
 Buddicom, Rev. Robert Redder, clergy- 
 man, and musician, born 1770, died July, 1846. 
 Incumbent of Everton, Liverpool. Published 
 " One hundred psalm and hymn tunes, with 
 chants," edited by C. H. Wilton, London, 
 1827. Re-published as " Devotional Har- 
 mony," consisting of psalms and hynins, 
 Liverpool, 1833. 
 
 Buels, William W. C, violoncellist 
 and author, was principal of the Kensington 
 School of IMusic, London. He died in London, 
 Dec. 6th, 1890. Author of a "New and 
 improved catechism of the rudiments of 
 music," London, 1880. 
 
 His father, John Buels, was also a musician, 
 as are his brothers Ed. F., baritone vocalist, 
 and Louis, violinist, and his sister Marian, 
 pianist. 
 
 Bull, John, composer and organist, was 
 born in Somersetshire [1563] . He studied 
 under William Blitheman, and became organ- 
 ist and master of the children of Hereford 
 Cathedral, 1582. Gentleman of the Chapel 
 Royal, January, 1585. Bac. Mus. Oxon., 
 1586. Doc. Mus. Oxon., 1592. Organist to 
 Chapel Royal, 1591. Professor of Music at 
 Gresham College, 1596. Travelled on the 
 continent, 1601-5. Married to. Elizabeth 
 Walter, 1607. Musician to Prince Henry, 
 1611. Quitted England without leave from 
 his employer, 1613. Organist at Notre Dame 
 Cathedral, Antwerp [1617] . He was organist 
 in service of the Archduke of Austria. He 
 died at Hamburg, Liibeck, or Antwerp, 
 March 13th. 1628. 
 
 The productions of this composer are men- 
 tioned by nearly every writer as having been 
 voluminous, but comparatively few of them 
 appear to have been printed. Specimens of 
 his style can be seen in Barnard's Collection, 
 Boyce, Leighton's " Teares," the Fitzwilliam 
 music, " Parthenia," Queen Elizabeth's Vir- 
 ginal Book, etc. A motet for five voices is 
 preserved in Burney's Musical Extracts, 
 
 BUNCE. 
 
 British Museum. E. Pauer gives specimens, 
 of his virginal music in " Old English Com- 
 posers." The extraordinary celebrity which 
 this musician obtained during his lifetime 
 must have been grounded on some uncommon 
 degree of merit, either in his compositions or 
 performance. A list of his works is contained 
 in Ward's "Lives of the Gresham Professors," 
 and in addition he wrote a great number of 
 pieces of sacred vocal music. " The strength 
 of this composer's talents lay in the production 
 and execution of pieces fully harmonized, and 
 comprising fugues, double-fugues, and the 
 various species of canon ; and fortunately, for 
 himself, he lived in an age that listened with 
 
 pleasure to music of that description 
 
 He surmounted old and invented new difficul- 
 ties ; and disdaining to be embarassed, aimed, 
 in the province of polyphonic fabrication, at 
 a species of onmipotence." — Busby. 
 
 The question as to the composition of the 
 English national anthem remains undecided 
 in a general way, though Carey appears to 
 have been strongly accredited with the com- 
 position. See writings of Chappell, Cummings, 
 Clark, etc. In connection with Gresham 
 College, Dr. Bull delivered " The Oration of 
 Maister John Bull, Doctor of Musicke, and 
 one of the Gentlemen of hir Majesty's Royal 
 Chappell, as he pronounced the same, before 
 divers worshipful persons, the Aldermen and 
 Commoners of the citie of London, with a 
 great multitude of other people, the 6th day 
 of October, 1597, in the new erected Colledge 
 of Sir Thomas Gresham, Knt. deceased : made 
 in the commendation of the founder, and the 
 excellent science of Musicke," London, este 
 1597. 
 
 Bull, T., musician, wrote "New and com- 
 plete modern preceptor for the royal Kent 
 bugle," London, 1835. "New instructions 
 for the improved flageolet, etc.," London 
 [1845] . 
 
 Bumpus, John S., writer on music of 
 the present time. Has written a number of 
 valuable antiquarian papers on musical sub- 
 jects, among which may be named " A short 
 history of English Cathedral Music"; "St. 
 Patrick's and Christ Church Cathedrals, Dub- 
 lin"; and "The Organists and Composers of 
 St. Paul's Cathedral." These were originally 
 contributed to the Musical Standard, 1884-8. 
 
 Bunce, John Thackray, journalist, born 
 at Farringdon, Berkshire, 1828. Removing 
 to Birmingham in 1839, he was educated there ; 
 and devoting himself to journalism, became 
 editor of the Birmingham Daily Post. Author 
 of "the History of the Birmingham Cor- 
 poration " ; " History of St. Martin's Church. 
 Birmingham " ; and other works. He origin- 
 ated the Corporation School of Art, and has 
 been identified with the Educational and 
 Scientific work of the city. Is a J. P., and 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY 
 
 69 
 
 BUNCH. 
 
 F.S.S. He claims notice here as author of 
 " A History of the Birmingham General 
 Hospital and the Musical Festivals, 1768- 
 1873, Birmingham, Cornish, 1873. 
 
 Bunch, James, musician, editor of " Cecil- 
 iana : a collection of favourite catches, canons, 
 rondos, and rounds, by eminent authors, 
 ancient and modern, in score, with biograph- 
 ical notes." London, 1825. 
 
 Bunn, Alfred, operatic manager and libret- 
 tist, was born at London, 1798. Stage man- 
 ager at Drury Lane Theatre under Elliston, 
 1823 ; IManager and Lessee of Drury Lane 
 Theatre from 1834. He died at Boulogne 
 Dec. 20, 1860. Bunn adapted a great number 
 of pieces for the English stage, and produced 
 the following among other operas; — Maid of 
 Artois ; Bohemian Girl ; and Daughter of St. 
 Mark (Balfe) : Brides of Venice (Benedict); 
 Maritana (Wallace), etc. He also wrote a 
 work entitled "The Stage, both before and 
 behind the curtain, from observations taken 
 on the spot." 3 vols., London, 1840. Poems, 
 London, 1816. For a severe skit on Bunn, see 
 " A word with Bunn, after Burns's Address 
 to the Dcil." Bv J. R. Adam, the Cremorne 
 Poet, London [1847] . 
 
 Bunnett, Edward, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Shipdham, Norfolk, June 26, 
 1834. Entered as a chorister at Norwich 
 Cathedral, 1842 ; articled to Dr Buck, 1849, 
 and from 1855 to 1877 was his assistant or- 
 ganist and partner. Graduated ]\Ius. Bac, 
 1857; Mus. Doc , 1869, Cambridge; F.C.O., 
 1870. In January, 1849, sang in the trio 
 " Lift thine eyes," with Jenny Liud and Miss 
 Dolby, at a concert given in Norwich. Prom 
 1871 to 1892 he was conductor of the Norwich 
 Musical Union ; has been organist of the 
 Norwich IMusical Festivals since 1872 ; of St. 
 Peter's, Mancroft, from 1877 ; and Borough 
 Organist since 1880, his recitals always at- 
 tracting large audiences. From 1890 he has 
 had charge of the pier concerts at Lowestoft. 
 He celebrated his musical jubilee, April 18, 
 1890, when he was presented by the Mayor 
 {John IMoore, Esq.) with an address and 
 handsome testimonial from his fellow citi- 
 zens. He has occasionally lectured on Ora- 
 torio and other subjects. 
 
 Works. — Song of Praise (Degree Exercise, 
 1869) ; Ps. 130, Da Profundis (Norwich, 1880) ; 
 Unison Service in F ; Office for the Holy 
 Communion, in E ; Services, &c. Anthems 
 — Blessed be Thov; ; If we believe that Jesus 
 died ; If ye love me ; and others. Twenty- 
 four original tunes to favourite Hymns ; Ten 
 Christmas Carols. Cantatas — Rhineland, for 
 soprano solo, chorus, and orchestra (composed 
 for ]Mlle. Tietjens, bufsung by Florence Lan- 
 cia, and produced, Norwich Festival, 1872 ; 
 Lora (W. W. Turnbull. Produced by Norwich 
 Musical Union, June 1, 1876). Comedietta, 
 
 BURGH. 
 
 Incognita (IMrs. Edward Adams, Lowestoft, 
 August, 1892). Part-songs— Ihe Rhine Mai- 
 den (Norwich Festival, 1884) ; Victoria, 
 soprano solo and chorus (1887), and others. 
 Various Songs. Andante and rondo, pf. and 
 orchestra ; Trio, pf. and strings ; Sonata, pf. 
 and violin (MS. 1873) ; Duet, pf. and clarinet ; 
 Pieces for pf., etc. Eight organ pieces; Six 
 original compositions for organ (1884) ; 
 Twelve short and easy pieces for organ ; 
 Largo in E flat, for organ ; Ave Maria, etc. 
 
 Bunning:, Herbert, composer of the 
 present time. Studied in France and Italy, 
 chiefly in Milan, under Vincenzo Ferroni. 
 Settled in London about the close of 1891. 
 Of his compositions, a Scena, for baritone, 
 " Ludovico il ^loro," was given at the Cr^ stal 
 Palace Concerts, February 27, 1892, the late 
 Eugene Oudin being the singer; and a " Vil- 
 lage Suite," in four movements, for orchestra, 
 was produced at the same, April 4, 1896. He 
 has composed an opera, " The Last days of 
 Pompeii;" Two symphonic poems, and a 
 Rhapsody, for orchestra ; a string quartet, 
 and some songs. 
 
 Bunting, Edward, musician a.nd editor, 
 was born at Armagh, in February, 1773. He 
 was articled assistant to Weir, at a church in 
 Belfast, in 1784. Organist of St. Stephen's 
 chapel, Belfast. IMarried to ]Miss Chapman, 
 1819. He died at Dubhn, December 21, 1843. 
 
 Works. — A General Collection'. 'of the An- 
 cient Irish Music; containing a variety of 
 admired airs never before published, and also 
 the compositions of Conolan and Carolan, 
 Lond., 1796. A General Collection of the 
 Ancient Music of Ireland, arranged for the 
 Pianoforte ; some of the most admired Melo- 
 dies are adapted for the Voice, to poetry 
 chiefly translated from the original Irish 
 songs by Thomas Campbell, Esq., and other 
 eminexit poets ; to which is prefaced an His- 
 torical and Critical Dissertation on the Egyp- 
 tian, British, and Irish Harp, London, 1809. 
 The Ancient Music of Ireland, arranged for 
 the Pianoforte ; to which is prefixed a Dis- 
 sertation on the Irish Harps and Harpers, 
 including an account of the Old ]\Ielodies of 
 Ireland. Dublin, 1840. These collections of 
 Irish music are among the best which have 
 been made, and Bunting is regarded as a 
 fairly 'accurate compiler. 
 
 Burgess, Alexander, the "Fife Paga- 
 iiini," violinist, and poet, born in Fife, in 
 1807 ; drowned at Whin Quarry, Starr, Fife, 
 August 2, 1886. He will be best remembered 
 in Scotland, as a contributor of humorous 
 phonetically spelt verses to the People's Jour- 
 ■)ial, under the signature of "Poute." Some 
 of these poems were collected as " Nettercaps, 
 being j^outery, prose, and verse," 1875. His 
 fame as a violinist was only local. 
 
 Burgh, A . . , writer, who graduated 
 
70 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BURGHERSH. 
 
 M.A. at one of the Universities. He com- 
 piled " Anecdotes of Music, historical and 
 biographical, in a series of letters from a 
 gentleman to his daughter," London, 1814, 
 3 vols. 
 
 Burghersh, Lord, see Westmobeland, 
 Earl of. 
 
 Burgon, William Henry, bass vocahst, 
 born at Croydon, in 1858. Studied under 
 Manuel Garcia, at the Loudon Academy of 
 Music. Made his debtit in oratorio, 1881, 
 singing in Bach's Mass in B minor (Bach 
 Choir), June 1st, and in Judas Maccabteus 
 (Sacred Harmonic Society), in November. 
 Has since sung for the principal choral socie- 
 ties in London, Liverpool, Glasgow, and else- 
 where. Sang in opera at Covent Garden, 
 1884, and afterwards joined the Carl Rosa 
 company. He was the original Ostap in 
 Thon:as's " Nadeshda " (produced at Urury 
 Lane, April IGth, 1885), and Count des Grieux, 
 in Massenet's " IManon," at its first perform- 
 ance at Drury Lane, May 7th, 1885. Of his 
 later assumptions are Cedric, in " Ivanhoe," 
 1891, and Louis XII. in Messager's " La 
 Basoche." 
 
 Burgoyne, Montagu, see IL^rris 
 (J. IMacdonaki). 
 
 Burnet, Alfred, musician. Published 
 "Instructions for the Spanish guitar, founded 
 on the systems of Carulli, Giuliani, etc." 
 London, 1829. 
 
 Burnet, Qeorge, amateur musician and 
 herald, who held the office of Lyon king of 
 arms in Edinburgh. He died at Edinburgh, 
 January 24th, 1890. He w.is an authority on 
 Scottish heraldry, and edited several antiqua- 
 rian works. For many years he acted as 
 musical critic to the Edinburgh newspapers, 
 and was a veryentliusiastic amateur musician. 
 
 Burnett, Alfred, violinist. Ed cated at 
 R.A.M., wliere he is now professor of the 
 violin, and viola, also hon. R.A.IM. Has 
 appeared in chamber concerts, London ; was 
 principal violin of the Reading Philharmonic 
 Society; and, since 1885, has been principal 
 violin in the Birmingham Festival orchestra. 
 Was ad interim conductor of R.A.IM. concerts, 
 1888. In 189.3, succeeded IMr. J. T. Carrodus 
 as principal violin at the Worcester Festival ; 
 and since the death of that artist, has filled 
 the same post at the oiher meetings of the 
 Three Choirs. He has written some pieces 
 for four violins, for the use of learners. 
 
 Burnett, Henry, tenor vocalist. Studied 
 under Sir George Smart, upon whose recom- 
 mendation he was elected a pupil of the R. A.M. 
 There he met Fanny Dickens (eldest sister of 
 the great novelist), whom he married. He 
 appeared on the stage with success, and settled 
 for some years in Manchester, singing at the 
 Gentlemen's Concerts in 1842; at the Liverpool 
 Philharmonic Concerts, 1844, and in many 
 
 BURNEY. 
 
 provincial towns. His wife died in 1848, and 
 soon afterwards a delicate little boy, who was 
 the original of Paul Dombey. Burnett 
 appears to have retired soon afterwards. He 
 died at his residence, Titchfield, Hampshire, 
 in February, 1893, in his 82nd year. He 
 composed a number of songs, published for 
 the most part under an assumed name. His 
 son, Walter Burnett, a professor of music, 
 died at Hatcham, London, July 27th, 1887, 
 aged 37. 
 
 Burnett, Nathan J., sec Sporle 
 (Nathan J.) 
 
 Burney, Charles, author, organist, and 
 composer, was born at Shrewsbury, April 7th, 
 1726. He was the son of James and Anne 
 Macburney, and was baptized as such on May 
 5th, 1726. He never used the prefix Mac. 
 Educated at the Free School, Shrewsbury, 
 and at Chester Public School. He studied 
 music under Baker, organist of Chester Cathe- 
 dral, and in London under Dr. Arne, 1744- 
 47. Organist of St. Dionis Back-Church, 
 Penchurch Street, Loudon, 1749 Harpsi- 
 chord player at the subscription concerts. 
 King's Arms, Cornhill. Organist at Lynn- 
 Regis, Norfolk, 1751-60. Bac. and Doc. of 
 Music, Oxford, 1769. He travelled in Italy, 
 1770, and returned to London, 1771. He 
 also travelled in Germany, the Netherlands, 
 etc., during 1772. Elected Fellow of Royal 
 Society, 1773. Organist of Chelsea College, 
 1783. In 1806 he received a pension of £300 
 from Fox, and in 1810 he was made member 
 of the Institute of France. He died at Chel- 
 sea, April 12th, 1814. 
 
 Works. — Translation of Signor Tartini's 
 Letter to Signor Lombardini, published as an 
 important lesson to performers on the violin, 
 London, 1771. The Present state of music in 
 France and Italy, or the jourrial of a tour 
 through those countries, undertaken to collect 
 materials for a general historj' of music, 
 London, 1771. Tlie Present state of music in 
 Germany, the Netherlands, and United Prov- 
 inces, or the journal of a tour through those 
 countries, undertaken to collect materials for 
 a general history of music, London, 1773. 
 2 vols. A General History of music, from 
 the earliest ages to the present period, 
 to which is prefixed a dissertation on the 
 music of the ancients, London, four vols., 
 1776-1789. An account of the musical per- 
 formances in Westminster Abbey and the 
 Pantheon, May 26th, 27th, 29th, and June 
 the 3rd and 5th, 1784, in commemoration of 
 Handel, London, 1785; Dublin edition, 1785. 
 A pajDer on Crotch, the infant musician, pre- 
 sented to the Royal Societj', Transactions, 
 1779. Striking views of Lamia, the celebrated 
 flute-player, IMassachusset's Magazine, 1786. 
 Memoirs of the life and writings of the Abbate 
 Metastasio, in which are incorporated trans- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 71 
 
 BURNS. 
 
 latioos of his principal letters, London, 
 3 vols., 1796. A plan for a music school, 
 London, 1774. An essay towards the history 
 of comets, London, 1769. Articles on music 
 in Ree'sEncyclopfedia. Sonata for two violins 
 and a bass, 1765. Six concert pieces, with 
 an introduction for the diapasons and fugue 
 proper for young organists and practitioners 
 on the harpsichord. Twelve canzonets from 
 Metastasio. Six duets for the German flute. 
 Six concertos for the violin, in eight parts. 
 Two sonatas for pf., violin, and 'cello. Six 
 harpsichord lessons. Two sonatas for harp 
 or pf., with acconip. for violin or 'cello. An- 
 thems, glees, instrumental music, etc. 
 
 Burney is best known to musicians of the 
 present day by his " History of music ; " a 
 work of much learning and ability. It is 
 written in a pleasant style, but its historical 
 value is somewhat destroyed by a vexatious 
 absence of dates. He has given much space 
 to the glorification of forgotten Italian com- 
 posers, and comparatively little to the more 
 interesting musicians of other nationalities. 
 Tiie " History " is less valuable than that of 
 Hawkins, though much superior to it from a 
 literary poini of view. His most successful 
 musical effort was an adaptation of Rousseau's 
 "Devin du Village," produced under the title 
 of " The cunning man." His daughter 
 Frances was the Madame D'Arblay of English 
 literary renown. It may further be added 
 that Burnej' was one of the most esteemed 
 organists of his time. His brother James 
 (born 1709 ; died 1789), was organist at 
 Shrewsbury for many years. 
 
 Burns, Daniel Joseph, Irish organist 
 and writer. Organist of St. Patrick's Church, 
 and of St. IMalachy's College, Belfast. Con- 
 ductor of the Philo-Celtic Society. Author of 
 " Practical Notes upon Harmony and Counter- 
 point for Junior Pupils." Loudon [1883]. 
 " Exercises in Figured Bass." London, u.d. 
 
 Burns, Qeorgina (Mrs. Leslie Crotty), 
 soprano vocalist, born in London, 1860. 
 Granddaughter of Rev. Jabez Burns. Dis- 
 played musical talent at an early age, and 
 first appeared at the Westminster Aquarium 
 Promenade Concerts. She made her first 
 appearance in the Carl Rosa Opera Company 
 at the Adelphi Theatre, February 11, 1878, 
 when she took the part of Ann Page in " The 
 Merry Wives of Windsor." During the time 
 she remained with the Company she sang 
 with success in many operas, creating the 
 part of Pilina — in English — in " INIignon," 
 and the titular part of Goring Thomas's 
 " Esmeralda," was written expressly for her. 
 In 1882, she married Leslie Crotty {q.v.), the 
 popular baritone, and when the pair quitted 
 the Carl Rosa Company, they started a light 
 Opera Company, and revived with much suc- 
 cess, Rossini's " La Cenereutola," in English, 
 
 BURTON. 
 
 with which they undertook tours throughout 
 the United Kingdom. 
 
 Burns, John, Scottish violinist and com- 
 poser, of early part of 19th century, published 
 " Strathspeys, reels, jigs, etc., for the pf., 
 v.olin and violoncello." Edinburgh, n.d. 
 
 Burrowes, John Freckleton, writer and 
 composer, was born in London, AjDril 23, 1787. 
 He studied under W. Horsley, and was a Mem- 
 ber of the Philharmonic Society. Organist 
 of St. James's Church, Piccadilly, London. 
 He died at London, March 31, 1852. 
 
 Works. — Op. 1. Six English Ballads, for 
 voice and pf. ; Sonatas for pf. and flute, and 
 for pf. and 'cello ; Overture for full orcli., pro- 
 duced by Philharmonic Society ; Six Divert- 
 issements for pf. ; Three Sonatas for pf. and 
 violin ; Sonata for pf., on Scotch airs, op. 9 ; 
 Select airs from Mozart's operas, for pf. and 
 flute, 18 numbers ; Mozart's overtures, ar- 
 ranged for pf., violin, flute, and 'cello ; Duets, 
 for harp and other instruments. Collection 
 of Psalm Tunes, with figured bass, n.ri. Bur- 
 rowes' Pianoforte Primer, containing the rudi- 
 ments of jMusic, in question and answer, 
 calculated either for private tuition or teach- 
 ing in classes : London, 1822. The Thorough- 
 bass Primer : London, 1818. Companion to 
 the Thorough-bass Primer : Loudon, 1835. 
 Songs, part-songs, etc. 
 
 Burstall, Frederick Hampton, organist, 
 born in Liverpool, January 29, 1851. Studied 
 under Dr. Rohner, and in 1870 was apjiointed 
 organist of Childwall Parish Church. In 1876, 
 he obtained the post of organist at Wallasey 
 Church. When the new Diocese of Liverpool 
 was formed, in 1880, he was elected organist 
 and director of the choir at the Cathedral 
 Church. In 1883, he formed a large special 
 choir for oratorio services, and in 1889 under- 
 took the parochial Sunday services, resigning 
 his post at Wallasey. He is a clever per- 
 former, and has given organ recitals at St. 
 George's Hall. He married, in 1875, ^Mintie, 
 daughter of the late Samuel ]\Iartin, ship- 
 owner, of Liverpool. His wife is an excellent 
 musician. Of his compositions the principal 
 is a Festival Te Deum ; he has also written 
 anthems, motets, songs, and pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Burton, Avery, English composer, who 
 flourished during the 16th century. His 
 compositions are preserved in MS. in the 
 Music School of Oxford. 
 
 Burton, John, English composer and 
 harpsichord player, born in Yorkshire, in 
 1730. He studied under Keeble, and died in 
 1785. 
 
 Works. — Ten sonatas for the harpsichord, 
 organ, or pianoforte ; Six trios for the harpsi- 
 chord and violins. Six solos for the harpsi- 
 chord. Songs, glees, organ music, etc. 
 
 Burton, Robert Senior, organist, pianist, 
 and conductor, born at Dewsbury, Yorkshire, 
 
72 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BURTON. 
 
 in 1820. Studied under Cipriani Potter, and 
 commenced his career in Leeds, in 1840, suc- 
 ceeding Dr. S. S. Wesley as organist of Leeds 
 Parish Church in 1849. Was chorus-master 
 of the first Musical Festival, Leeds, 1858, and 
 conducted choral societies at different periods 
 in York, Barnsley, Leeds, Wakefield, Brad- 
 ford, and Halifax. He eventually settled at 
 Harrogate, where he founded a Choral Society, 
 1880 ; he was also musical director at the 
 Spa ; and, up to his death, organist of St. 
 Peter's Church. Ho was a fine performer on 
 the organ, an admirable accompanist, and 
 had a high reputation as a choir trainer and 
 teacher of singing. He died at Harrogate, 
 August 2, 1892. 
 
 Burton, T. Arthur, organist and choir- 
 master of St. Augustine's Church, Bourne- 
 mouth, and conductor cf a musical society in 
 that town, is the composer of an oratorio, 
 " Jonah," produced at Bournemouth, January 
 28, 1881. He has written a concert march 
 for organ, etc. 
 
 Busby, Thomas, composer and author, 
 was born at Westminster, in December, 1755. 
 Articled to Battishill, 1769-74. Successively 
 Organist of S.Mary's, Newington, Surrey, and 
 at S. Mary, Woolnoth, Lombard Street, 1798. 
 Mus. Doc. Cantab., 1800. LL.D., Cambridge. 
 He died at Islington, London, May 28, 1838. 
 Works. — The Prophecy, oratorio, March, 
 1799; Ode^ British Genius, from Grey ; Ode 
 to St. Cecilia's Day, Pope ; Comala, a Dra- 
 matic Romance from Ossian, 1800 ; Thanks- 
 giving Ode (Degree exercise), 1800 ; INIusic to 
 Joanna, drama by R. Cumberland, 1800; 
 Music to M. G. Lewis's Rugantino, 1805 ; 
 The Divine Harmonist, a collection of An- 
 thems, etc., 1788; Melodia Britannica, do., 
 1790 (unfinished). Sonatas for the pf. An- 
 them for the Funeral of Battishill. Miscel- 
 laneous anthems, glees, songs; Music to 
 Holcroft's Tale of Mystery, 1802 ; Music to 
 Porter's Fair Fugitives. Dictionary of Music, 
 with Introduction to the First Principles of 
 that Science, London, 8vo., 1786. A Gram- 
 mar of Music : to which are prefixed Obser- 
 vations explanatory of the Properties and 
 Powers of Music as a Science, and of the 
 general scope and object of the work, London, 
 1818. A General history of Music, from the 
 earliest times to the present ; comprising the 
 Lives of Eminent Composers and Musical 
 Writers, London, 2 vols., 1819 (Whittaker). 
 Concert Room and Orchestra, Anecdotes of 
 Music and Musicians, Ancient and IModern, 
 3 vols., London, 1825. Musical Manual, or 
 Technical Directory, with Descriptions of 
 various Voices and Instruments, London, 
 1828. 
 
 Bussell, Rev. Frederick William, com- 
 poser, son of the Rev. F. Bussell, vicar of 
 Great Marlow, born at Cadmore End, Oxford- 
 
 BUTLER. 
 
 shire, Ajiril 23, 1862, of a Devonshire family. 
 Educated at Charter House, 1876-81 ; Demy 
 of aiagdalen College, Oxford, 1880; Craven 
 Scholar, and B.A., 1885 (First Class Classics, 
 Lit. Hum., Theology) ; M.A., 1887 ; B.D., 
 1892 : Mus. B. , 1892. Tilusical training pri- 
 vate. Fellow, tutor, chaplain, junior dean, 
 Brazenose College, Oxford ; Select Preacher 
 to the University, Oxford, 1890 ; and Morley 
 Lecturer at -t. Margaret's, Westminster. 
 
 Works. — Magnificat (Latin), for live voices, 
 small orchestra, and organ ; Mass in G minor, 
 voices, orchestra, and organ (performed at 
 Italian Church, Hatton Garden, Sept. 1892). 
 Incidental music to "The ]\Ierchant of Ven- 
 ice," composed for Oxford University Dram- 
 atic Society, and produced at the New Theatre, 
 February, 1895. Collaborator in preparation 
 of "Songs of the West" (IMethuen), and 
 "English Miustrelsie " (Edinburgh, Jack). 
 Has published the " School of Plato" (Meth- 
 uen, 1895), and other works. 
 
 Buswell, John, composer of the 18th 
 century, who was connected with the Chapel 
 Royal. He graduated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 
 in 1757, and INIus. Doc, Oxford, in 1759. 
 Composer of songs and other vocal music. 
 
 Butler, Charles, musician and author, 
 born at Wycombe, Bucks., in 1559. M.A., 
 Oxford. Master of the Free school at Basing- 
 stoke, Hants. Vicarat Wooton, St Lawrence, 
 Hants. He died on March 29, 1647. 
 I Works. — The Feminine Monarchie ; or, the 
 Historic of Bees . . . proving that in the Bees' 
 song are the grounds of Musicke. Oxford, 
 1609; other editions. The PrinciplesofMusick 
 in singing and setting : with the twofold use 
 thereof, ecclesiastical and civil. London, 
 1636. An English Grammar, and other works. 
 The first work is a curious production ; the 
 second a learned treatise on theory and on 
 the abuses in sacred and secular music. His 
 work^ were printed partly in characters taken 
 from the Anglo-Saxon alphabet, partly in 
 others of his own invention, which are de- 
 scribed in his Grammar. 
 
 Butler, Charles, English musician, and 
 author, of Lincoln's Inn, London, wrote " Re- 
 minisences, with a letter to a lady, on ancient 
 and modern music." 1824, 4th ed. 
 
 Butler, Thomas Hamly, composer and 
 pianist, was born at London, 1762. He studied 
 under Dr. Nares at the Chapel Royal, and 
 under Piccini in Italy. Compioser to Drury 
 Lane Theatre, under Sheridan. Teacher and 
 pianist in Edinburgh. He died at Edinburgh, 
 1823. 
 
 Works.— The Widow of Delphi (R. Cum- 
 berland), musical drama, 1780. Rondos on 
 the following Scotch airs: — Duncan (Gray, 
 Flowers of Edinburgh, I'll gang nae mair to 
 yon toun, Lewie Gordon, Roy's Wife, There's 
 cauld kail in Aberdeen, etc. (Clementi). A 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 73 
 
 BUTT. 
 
 select collection of original Scottish airs, 
 arranged for one and two voices, with intro- 
 ductory and concluding symphonies for the 
 flute, violin, and pf., Edinburgh [1790]. 
 Sonatas for the pf. (various). Songs, part- 
 songs, single pieces for pf., etc. 
 
 Butt, Clara, contralto vocalist, born at 
 Soutliwick, near Brighton. Studied under 
 D. W. Roothana, Bristol, for some years, and 
 sang at Miss Lock's concert, December, 1889, 
 with success. Entering the R.C.M., she dis- 
 tinguished herself at the College concerts, and 
 particularly in the performances of opera. 
 She made her debut at the Albert Hall, as 
 Ursula in Sullivan's " Golden Legend," Dec. 
 7, 1892, and sang there in oratorio (Israel in 
 Egypt) the next year. Her Festival debid 
 took place at Hanley, October 21, 1893, and 
 she sang at the Bristol Festival, October 25, 
 of the same year, she appeared at the 
 Handel Festival of 1894, and has sung at the 
 princiiDal London and provincial concerts. 
 
 Butterworth, Annie, contralto vocalist. 
 Educated at R.A.M. Westmoreland scholar, 
 1871 ; Nilsson prize, 1878. A.R.A.M. She 
 won the first prize for contralto singing at the 
 National Music Meetings at the Crystal 
 Palace, July, 1875, and sang at the Crystal 
 Palace concerts twice in- March, 1876, in 
 Beethoven's choral symphony, etc. She soon 
 gained a high position as a concert singer, 
 but her career was brief. She died at the age 
 of 33, at Hendon, December 9th, 1885. 
 
 Button, H. Elliot, alto vocalist, and 
 composer ; born at Clevedon, Somerset, Aug- 
 ust 8th, 1861. His father was a private 
 schoolmaster and organist, and the whole 
 family were musical, being able to provide 
 both a vocal and a string quartet. In theory 
 Mr. Button is self taught. He is a pianist, 
 organist, and violinist, besides being solo alto 
 at Holy Trinity, Upper Chelsea. He was 
 awarded the gold medal for an ode "The song 
 of the sower," performed at the National 
 Co-operative Festival at the Crystal Palace, 
 August 15th, 1891. His compositions include 
 " Ivry," a dramatic ballad for baritone solo, 
 chorus, and orchestra (1892); anthems, chants, 
 etc. ; part-songs ; songs for children ; organ 
 pieces, etc. Edited the third series of the 
 Bristol Tune Book, and other collections. 
 
 Butts, Thomas, English musician of the 
 18th century. Compiler of " Harmonia 
 Sacra, or a choice collection of psalm and 
 hymn tunes ... in 2, 3, and 4 parts . . . made 
 use of in the principal chapels and churches 
 in London." London, n.d. [c. 1770 or 1780] . 
 Byrd, or Birde, William, composer and 
 organist, was born [at Lincoln] about 1538. 
 Senior chorister at St. Paul's Cathedral, 1554. 
 He studied under Tallis. Organist of Lincoln 
 ■Cathedral, 156.3-72. Gentleman of Chapel 
 Royal, 1569. Organist of Chapel Royal (with 
 
 BYRNE. 
 
 Talhs), 1575. He died at London, July 4th, 
 1623. 
 
 Works.— Cantiones quae ab argumento 
 sacrte vocantur quinque et sex partium, 1575. 
 Psalmes, sonets, and songs of sadnes and 
 pietie, made into musicke of five partes, 
 London, 1588. Songs of sundrie natures, 
 some of gravitie, and others of myrth, fit for 
 all companies and voyces, lately made and 
 composed into inusicke of three, foiir, five, 
 and six parts, London, 1589. Liber primus 
 sacrarum cantionum quartum alife ad 
 quinque, ali?e uno ad sex voces aedita sunt, 
 London, 1589 ; reprinted by Musical Anti- 
 quarian Society, edited by W. Horsley. Liber 
 secundus sacrarum cantionum quartunr aliae 
 ad quinque, alite uno ad sex voces aedita sunt, 
 London, 1591. Gradualia, ac cantiones sacrse 
 libirr primus, 1607. Gradualia, ac cantiones 
 sa.crae liber secundus, 1610. Psalmes, songs, 
 and sonnets, some solemne, others joyfull,etc., 
 1611. Parthenia, or the maidenbead of the 
 first musick that ever was printed for the 
 virginals, composed by the three famous 
 masters, William Byrd, Dr. John Bull, and 
 Orlando Gibbons, Gentlemen of HerMajestie's 
 Chappell, London, 1655. Service in D minor 
 (Boyce) ; Three anthems (Boyce) ; Mass for 
 five voices (Mus. Ant. Soc, Rimbault), 1841 ; 
 Compositions contained in the royal virginal 
 book ; Compositions contained in Lady 
 Neville's musick book, 1591 ; Music in Leigh- 
 ton's "Teares;" Non nobis dominae, in 
 Hilton's Catches, 1652. Madrigals in various 
 collections; Two other masses; anthems, etc. 
 Byrd was one of the greatest composers of 
 the 16th century. He lived at a period when 
 the musical glory of England was supreme. 
 Among his contemporaries were such men as 
 Tallis, Tye, Farrant, Dowland, Bull, INIorley, 
 Hooper, Gibbons, Wilbye, Lawes, Weelkes, 
 and Parsons. Byrd's claims to recognition 
 rest chiefly on his sacred music, which is 
 both dignified and grand without undue 
 elaboration. He was one of the first in 
 England to make use of the madrigal as an 
 expressive musical form, though it must be 
 admitted that his treatment of works of this 
 class is not generally so happy as that of 
 some of his successors. He was an organist 
 of much ability. His compositions for the 
 virginals are somewhat dry and elaborated 
 exercises in counterpoint. Byrd secured with 
 Tallis, in 1575, by patent, the supreme right 
 to publish music in England, and under this 
 patent they published the collection of sacred 
 music first named in the foregoing list of 
 Byrd's compositions. 
 
 Byrn, Adelaide C, see sub Baly, 
 William. 
 
 Byrne, C. S., musician. Published a 
 " Selection of Scottish melodies, with words 
 by George Linley." London, 1827. 
 
74 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BYRNE. 
 
 Byrne, Patrick, Irish barplsfc and com- 
 poser. Was boni at Fariiey, about the end 
 of 18th century, ile died at Dundalk, 18G3. 
 
 Bywater, Thomas, tenor vocalist and 
 composer. A native of Staffordshire. For 
 many years he was very popular in Birming- 
 ham, Wolverhampton, and the m.idlands. 
 He has sung at the Crystal Palace, and othsr 
 places. He is also a clever organist, and was 
 for some time organist of St. Mark's, Wolver- 
 hampton, but is now chiefly engaged as a 
 concert agent. He is blind. Some songs of 
 his have been published ; and in 1876 he 
 isoued a Collection of twenty-five hymn tunes, 
 and twelve chants (Novello). 
 
 Caerwarden, John, composer and teacher 
 of the violin, who flourished during the 17th 
 century. He was a member of the private 
 band of Chj;rles I. Hawkins mentions him 
 as having been a noted teacher but a harsh 
 composer. 
 
 Cjesar, Julius, physician and composer, 
 who lived in Rochester during part of the 
 17th and IStli centuries. He was an amateur 
 composer only, but Hawkins speaks of two of 
 his catches appearing in the " Pleasant Mu- 
 sical Companion," 1726, as being " inferior 
 to none in that collection." 
 
 Calah, John, organist and composer, who 
 was born in 1758. He was organist of Peter- 
 borough Cathedral at the end of the 18th 
 century, and died on August 4, 1798. He 
 wrote music for the Church service, hymns, 
 ballads, and sonatas for the pf., etc. 
 
 Caldicott, Alfred James, composer and 
 organist, born at Worcester, November 26, 
 1842 Of a musical family, he, with six 
 brothers, went through a course of training 
 in the clioir of Worcester Cathedral. At the 
 age of fourteen he was articled to William 
 Done, the organist, whose assistant he be- 
 came. He afterwards studied at Leipzig 
 Conservatorium, under Moscheles, Haupt- 
 mann, E. F. Richter, and others, and in 
 1864 settled in Worcester. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Cambridge, 1878. Organist, St. Ste- 
 phen's Church, and to the Corporation of 
 Worcester ; Conductor of the IMusical and 
 Instrumental Societies. In 1882 he removed 
 to Torquay, and the following year settled in 
 London, and was appointed Professor of har- 
 mony at the R.C.M. In 1885 he was ap- 
 pointed Musical Director at the Albert Palace, 
 Battersea, composing a Dedication Ode for 
 the opening, June 6. Toured in America as 
 conductor of the Agnes Huntingdon Opera 
 Company, 1890-91 ; was appointed Principal 
 of the Educational Department, London 
 College of Music, 1892 ; and Musical Director, 
 Comedy Theatre, 189.3. 
 
 Works. — Sacred Cantata, The Widow of 
 Nain (Worcester Festival, 1881); Cantatas 
 
 CALKIN. 
 
 for female voices — A Rhine Legend; Queen 
 of May. Operettas — Treasure Trove (1883) ; 
 A Moss Rose Rent (1883) ; Old Knockles 
 (1884) ; In Cupid's Court (1885) ; A united 
 Pair (1886); The Bo'sun's Mate (1888); pro- 
 duced at the German Reed Entertainments. 
 Operetta, John Smith (Prince of Wales' 
 Theatre, 1889); The Girton Girl and the 
 Milkmaid (1893), etc. Winter Days, prize 
 serious glee (1879, Huddersfield) ; Humpty 
 Dumpty, prize humorous glee (1878, Man- 
 chester Gentleman's Glee Society) ; Part- 
 Songs, various. Story of the Priest Pbilemon 
 (Marie Corelli), special accompaniment for 
 recitation, St. James's Hall, May 2, 1896. A 
 number of songs ; Tlie Dickens' series, etc. 
 Editor of " ^lorley's Part-song Journal." 
 
 Calkin, George, violonceilist and teacher 
 of singing, born St. Pancras, London, August 
 10, 1829. Youngest son of James Calkin. 
 Organist for twenty-five years at St. Mark's, 
 Regent's Park. As conductor of a Choral 
 Society, gave concerts at the Hamp.stead 
 Vestry Hall. Professor at the London 
 Academy of IMusic. For many years a violon- 
 cellist in the orchestra of the Philharmonic 
 .Society, Royai Italian Opera, and the Provin- 
 cial Festivals, including that of Birmingham 
 in 1846, when "Elijah" was produced. Is 
 the composer of sixteen books of Soft Volun- 
 taries for the organ ; arrangements of airs 
 from " Elijah," two books ; and organ trans- 
 criptions from jMendelssohn, in eight books 
 (Novello), all very popular with organists. 
 
 Calkin, James, pianist and composer, 
 was born at London, in 1786. He studied 
 under Thomas Lyon. Associate of the Phil- 
 harmonic Society, 1828. Wrote Symphony 
 for orchestra, pf. music, string quartets, etc. 
 lie died at London in 1862. 
 
 Calkin, John Baptiste, composer, pianist, 
 and organist, born in London, jMarch 16, 
 1827. Studied under his father, James Calkin. 
 Organist, precentor, and choirmaster, St. 
 Columba's College, Ireland, 1846-53; Woburn 
 Chapel, London, 1853-7 ; Camden Road 
 Chapel, 1863-8; St. Thomas' Church, Cam- 
 den Town, 1870-84. F.C.O. Member of the 
 Philharmonic Society ; Member of the Coun- 
 cil, Trinity College, London ; Professor at 
 Guildhall School of Music. 
 
 Works. — Morning and Evening Services in 
 B fla'. Op. 43. G, Op. 96, and D ; Te Deum in 
 D ; Communion Service in C, Op. 134 ; Mag- 
 nificat and Nunc Dimittis in F. Anthems — 
 Behold, now praise ye the Lord ; I will always 
 give thanks ; I will magnify Thee ; Thou 
 visitest the Earth ; and many others. Seven 
 Introits. Glees and Part-songs — Breathe soft, 
 ye winds ; Come, fill my boys ; IMy Lady is so 
 wondrous fair ; and others. Songs — Coming 
 light ; Sleep on, my heart ; Oh, lovely 
 night ; and others. Quintet and Quartet, 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 75 
 
 CALKIN. 
 
 strings ; Trio, pf . and strings ; Sonata, pf . 
 and violoncello. Duet, pf. " Overture " ; 
 Youth and Age, six pieces, pf.. Op. 100 ; 
 Rondo grazioso. Op. 93 ; Les Arpeges, Op. 94 ; 
 The I'ixie's Revel, Op. 95 ; Les trois graces 
 (Sonata) ; Studies ; Concert Study in double- 
 notes; Transcriptions, etc. Oiyan — Andante 
 con moto. Op. 101 ; Andante varied ; Harvest 
 Thanksgiving March ; Festal ]\Iarch, etc. , etc. 
 
 Calkin, Joseph, violinist, boru London, 
 1781. Studied under Thos. Lyon and Spag- 
 noletti, and was violinist at Drury Lane 
 Theatre from 1798 till 1808. He married the 
 widow of Mr. Budd, bookseller, and carried 
 on the business under the name of Calkin and 
 Budd, booksellers to the King. In 1821 he 
 was appointed violinist in the King's band. 
 He also played violin in the Philharmonic 
 orchestra Died London, December .30, 1846. 
 Calkin assisted at the capture of Hatfield, 
 when he fired at George III. 
 
 His son, James Joseph, born 1818, died 
 Loudon, 1868, was a violinist ; and another 
 son Joseph, known as Tennielli Calkin, 
 born 1816, was a tenor singer ; studied under 
 Lamperti at Milan, and appeared at the Phil- 
 harmonic and other concerts. He retired 
 after a few years, and became a successful 
 vocal teacher, and was also composer of some 
 songs. He died in Loudon, June 6, 1874. 
 
 Callcott, John George, pianist and com- 
 poser, born in London, July 9, 1821. Was 
 organist of Eaton Episcopal Chapel, Eaton 
 Square ; St. Stephen's, Westminster, for over 
 thirty years, resigning in 1881; and Parish 
 Church, Teddington, to 1895. Accompanist 
 to Henry Leslie's Choir, 1855-82, and was 
 awarded a Medal for his services during the 
 visit of the choir to Paris, 1878. He contri- 
 buted to the pasticcio, " Harold Glynde (1881), 
 and comjDosed two cantatas — Hallowe'en, 
 and The Golden Harvest. He also wrote 
 part-songs, "Love wakes and weeps," and 
 others, produced by Leslie's Choir. An exc'el- 
 lent pianist ; he was almost unrivalled as 
 an accompanist ; whilst as a teacher he was 
 in great request. He died at Teddington, 
 January 7, 1895. 
 
 His father, John Callcott, entered the band 
 of the Coldstream Guards at an early age. 
 He was one of those who had to beat to arms 
 in Brussels on the eve of Waterloo. He was 
 for some years third horn in the Opera or- 
 chestra under Spagnoletti, Costa, and others. 
 He died at Richmond, Surrey, February 16, 
 1882. 
 
 Callcott, John Wall, composer and 
 writer, was born at Kensington, London, No- 
 vember 20, 1766. He was largely self-taught 
 in music, but he had lessons from Henry 
 Whitney, organist of Kensington Parish 
 Church. Deputy organist to Reinhold, of 
 St. George the Martyr's, Bloomsbury, 1783-5. 
 
 CALLCOTT. 
 
 Member of orchestra of Academy of Ancient 
 Music. Unsuccessful competitor for prize 
 offered by the Catch Club, 1784 (his first trial). 
 Gained three prizes (medals) out of the four 
 offered by the Catch Club, 1785. Mus. Bac. 
 Oxon., July, 1785. Gained two medals. Catch 
 Club, 1786 ; and two prizes in 1787 (he sent 
 in about 100 compositions). Founded, with 
 others, the " Glee Club," 1787. Gained all 
 the prizes offered by the Catch Club, 1789. 
 Joint organist (with C. S. Evans) of St. Paul's, 
 Covent Garden, 1789. He studied under 
 Haydn in 1790. Organist ef Asylum for 
 Female Orphans, 1793-1802. Gained nine 
 medals for his glets during 1790-93. Mus. 
 Doc. Oxon., 1800. Lecturer at the Royal 
 Institution in succession to Crotch, 1806. 
 He died at London, May 15, 1821. 
 
 Works. — Select Collection of Catches, Can- 
 ons, and Glees, 3 books (D'Almaiue), n.d. 
 (edited) ; Five Glees for 2 Trebles and Bass 
 in Score ; Five Glees, chiefly for Treble voices, 
 Op. 12 ; Six Glees in Score ; Collection of 
 Glees, Canons, and Catches, including some 
 pieces never before published, with Memoir 
 by W. Horsley (the editor), 2 vols., foho, 
 Lond., 1824. Church Psalmody (selection) ; 
 Services, Anthems. Ode to Fancy (Warton;, 
 degree exercise. Titles of some of his principal 
 Glees and Catches— MeWa, ; Are the white 
 hours ; Blow, Warder, blow ; Desolate is the 
 dwelling of Morna ; Dull repining sous of 
 care; Drink to me only ; Father of Heroes; 
 Forgive blest shade ; Erl King ; Farewell to 
 Lochaber; Friend of fancy; The Friar; Go, 
 idle boy ; If hajjpily we wish to live ; In the 
 lonely vale of streams ; Lo ! where incumbent 
 o'er the shade ; Lovely seems the morn's fair 
 lustre : Lordly gallants ; The May-fly ; Mark 
 the merry elves ; Oh, share my cottage ; Once 
 upon my cheek ; 0, snatch me swift ; thou 
 where'er ; fancy, friend of nature ; Peace 
 to the souls of the heroes ; Queen of the 
 valley : Red Cross Knight ; Soft and safe ; 
 See with ivy chaplet ; Thyrsis, when he left 
 me ; Tho' from thy bank ; To all you Ladies 
 now on land ; Thalaba ; Thou pride of the 
 forest ; Triumphant love ; Whann battayle ; 
 When Arthur first ; When i ime was entwining ; 
 Who comes so dark ; With sighs, sweet rose ; 
 Ye Gentlemen of England. Songs, etc. Gram- 
 mar of Music, Lond., 1806 (other editions) ; 
 Glees, Catches, and Canons, Op. 4 (Clementi), 
 n.d. ; Explanations of the Notes, Marks, 
 Words, etc. used in Music (Clementi), n.d. 
 
 Callcott, Maria Hutchins,Engnsh musi- 
 cian, born in 1799 ; died London, April 3, 
 1859. Sister of W. H. Callcott. Author of 
 " The Singer's Alphabet, or hints on the 
 English vowels, etc," London, 1849. 
 
 Callcott, William Hutchins, composer 
 and pianist, son of J. W. Callcott, was born at 
 Kensington, September 28, 1807. He died at 
 
76 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 CALLOW. 
 
 London, August 5, 1882. Was organist of 
 St. Barnabas', and teacher in London, for a 
 considerable period. Among his various com- 
 positions may be named the following : — 
 Pianoforte — Elegant Extracts from Mendel- 
 ssohn; Favourite Marches, etc. An enormous 
 nuuaber of arrangements of classical works 
 for pf. solo and duet. A selection of Glees 
 for three voices. Songs, part-songs, etc. " A 
 Few Facts in the Life of Handel," London, 
 1859. 
 
 His son, William Robert Stuart (born 
 in 1852 ; died 1886), was also a musician. 
 Another of the name, William Callcott, a 
 violinist, was born about 1800. He was 
 principal violinist at H.M. Theatre for many 
 years, and afterwards musical director of the 
 AdeljDhi, Olymjjic, and Astley's Theatres. 
 He died at Gravesend, November 6, 1878, 
 aged 78. He was father of William and 
 Albert Callcott, the scenic artists. 
 
 Callow, MrSo, see sub. Smart, Henry. 
 
 Calvert, Thomas, Scottish musician of 
 the latter part of the 18th and beginning of 
 the 19th centuries. Published "A Collection 
 of marches, quicksteps, strathspeys, and reels," 
 Edinburgh, n.d. 
 
 Cambridge, Frederick, organist and 
 composer, born at South Runcton, Norfolk, 
 March 29, 1841. Received his early musical 
 training at Norwich Cathedral under Dr. 
 Buck, subsequently studying harmony under 
 Molique. In 1862, he was appointed organist 
 and choirmaster to St. Columba's College, 
 Dublin ; removing to St. Mary's, Leicester, 
 in 1866 ; and to the Parish Church, Croydon, 
 in 1868, holding this position to the present 
 time. Conductor of Croydon Vocal Union, 
 and of Festivals of Croydon Church Choirs, 
 1882, etc. Is honorary local examiner for 
 R.C.M. Graduated Mus. Bac. , Durham, 189.3. 
 He won the prize of ten guineas offered by 
 the Nottingham Anacreontic Society for the 
 best Glee, in 186.3 ; and among his published 
 compositions are, a Communion Service in C 
 (1864). Anthems — Not unto us; I was in 
 the Spirit ; Offertory sentences, hymn-tunes, 
 chants, etc. Postlude in D, organ ; pianoforte 
 pieces, etc. 
 
 Cameron, Andrew Robertson, amateur 
 musician and jDhysician, born at Logie Cold- 
 stone, Scotland, in 1838. Educated at Aber- 
 deen University. Settled in Australia as a 
 medical practitioner in 1867. Died at Rich- 
 mond, near Sydney, N.S.W., October 18, 1876. 
 He composed some overtures and vocal music 
 and acted as critic for various journals. 
 
 Camidge, John, composer and organist, 
 was born ai)out 17.34. Chorister in York 
 Cathedral. He studied under Greene and 
 Handel, and was organist of York Cathedral, 
 1756-1803. He died at York, April 25, 1803. 
 Buried S. Olave's Churchyard, York. 
 
 CAMPBELL. 
 
 Works. — Six Easy Lessons for the Harp- 
 sichord, York, n.d. ; Glees ; Miscellaneous 
 works for the Harpsichord ; Church music 
 and songs, etc. 
 
 Camidge, Matthew, composer and or- 
 ganist, son of the above, was born at York, 
 in 1758. He studied under Dr. Nares at the 
 the Chapel Royal, and was organist of York 
 Cathedral, 1803-1842. He died at York, 
 October 28, 1844. Buried S. Olave's Church- 
 yard. 
 
 Works. — Collection of Tunes adapted to 
 Sandy's version of the Psalms, York, 1789 ; 
 Sunday Hymns, the words by the Rev. W. 
 Mason, York [1795]. Llusical Companion to 
 the Psalms used in the Church of St. Michael 
 le Belfry, and most of the churches in York 
 and its vicinity, n.d. [1830]. iNIethod of 
 instruction in music by questions and an- 
 swers, n.d. ; Twenty-four original psalm and 
 hymn tunes, n.d. ; Cathedral I\Iusic, [1790] ; 
 Sonatas for the pf., Op. 8-9, etc. Instruc- 
 tions for the pianoforte or harpsichord and 
 eight sonatas [1795] . Marches for the pf. 
 Glees and songs. 
 
 Camidge, John, composer and organist, 
 son of ]\Iatthew, was born at York, in 1790. 
 He studied under his father. Bac. IMus., 
 Camb., 1812. Doc. Mus., Camb., 1819. Doc. 
 Mus., Lambeth, 1855. Organist of York 
 Cathedral, 1844-1859. He died at York, 
 September 29, 1859. 
 
 Works. — Cathedral Music, consisting of a 
 Service . . Anthems and 50 Double Chants, 
 1828. Six Glees for 8 and 4 voices, n.d., etc. 
 
 His son, Thomas Simpson Camidge, was 
 deputy organist at York Minster from 1848 
 to 1859. Afterwards organist of St. Saviour's, 
 York; Hexham Abbey, 1882; Swindon Parish 
 Church, 1889 ; and Swansea. John Cam- 
 idge, son of T. S. Camidge, is organist of 
 Beverley Minster, and has composed " INIars- 
 yas and Apollo," a musical panorama for 
 chorus and orchestra, Bridlington, 1896. 
 
 Campbell, Rev. A., author of "Two 
 papers on Church music, read before the 
 Liverpool Ecclesiastical Musical Society," 
 Liverpool, 1854. 
 
 Campbell, Alexander, writer and 
 musician. Was born at Tombea, on Loch 
 Lubnaig, Callander, February 22nd, 1764. 
 He was educated at Callander Grammar 
 School. He studied music at Edinburgh 
 under Tenducci, and was a teacher of pf. in 
 Edinburgh. Organist in the non-juring chapel, 
 Nicolson Street, Edinburgh. Was musical 
 instructor of Sir Walter Scott. He died at 
 Edinburgh, May 15th, 1824. 
 
 Works. — An introduction to the history of 
 poetry in Scotland, .... Edinburgh, 1798. 
 Sangs of the Lowlands of Scotland, carefully 
 compared with the original editions, and 
 embellished with characteristic designs com- 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 77 
 
 CAMPBELL. 
 
 posed and engraved by the late David Allen, 
 Esq., historical painter, Edinburgh, 1799. 
 A tour from Edinburgh through parts of 
 North Britain, Loudon, 2 vols., 1802. An- 
 other edition, 2 vols., 1811. The Grampians 
 desolate, a poem, 1804. Albyu's Anthology, 
 or a select collection of the melodies and 
 vocal poetry peculiar to Scotland and the 
 Isles, hitherto unpublished, collected and 
 arranged by Alex. Campbell, the modern 
 Scottish and English verses adapted to the 
 Highland, Hebridean, and Lowland melodies, 
 written by Walter Scott, Esq., etc., Edinburgh, 
 Oliver & Boyd, 2 vols., 1816-1818. Collections 
 of Scottish songs, with violin, Loudon, 1792. 
 A second collection arranged for harpsichord, 
 n.d., etc. The fine air now used with Tanna- 
 hill's "Gloomy winter's now awa'," was 
 claimed by Campbell as his composition, and 
 it is said to have first appeared in leaflet form 
 long before its alleged first publication by 
 Gow as "Lord Balgonie's favourite." 
 
 Campbell, Lady Archibald, musician 
 of present time. Author of " Rainbow music, 
 thephilosoi^hyof harmony in colour grouping," 
 London, 1886. 
 
 Campbell, Donald, Scottish writer and 
 collector. Author of " A Treatise on the lan- 
 guage, poetry, and music of the Highland 
 clans, with illustrative traditions and anec- 
 dotes, and numerous ancient Highland airs," 
 Edinburgh, 1862. This work contains a 
 number of ancient Highland melodies badly 
 set to inferior basses. The compiler describes 
 himself as " late lieutenant of the 57th 
 regiment," and appears to have been a resident 
 in Port-Glasgow on the Clyde. He was a 
 claimant to the Breadalbane Peerage. 
 
 Campbell, Gilbert James, Gilbeeto 
 Ghilberti, bass vocalist, son of ]\Iajor-Gen- 
 eral T. Hay Campbell, B,.A. He sang at the 
 Gloucester Festival, 1880, and in ojpera at 
 Her Majesty's Theatre the same year. Has 
 sung in oratorio and other concerts in various 
 parts of the United Kingdom, and in Ireland. 
 He nrarried, July 31st, 1881, Miss Ellen De 
 FoNBLANQUE, soprauo vocalist, who sang at 
 the Gloucester Festival, 1880, aud is known 
 as an artistic vocalist at the Monday popular 
 and other concerts. 
 
 Campbell, John, music-seller and teacher, 
 who lived in Edinburgh in the latter half of 
 last century. He published a collection of 
 psalmody and other works. 
 
 Campbell, John, amateur musician, was 
 born at Paisley in 1807 ; died at Glasgow, 
 October 7th, 1860. He was a merchant in 
 Glasgow, and issued "The Sacred psaltery in 
 four vocal parts, consisting principally of 
 original psalm and hymn tunes," Glasgow 
 [1854] . He also edited " Campbell's Selection 
 of anthem's and doxologies, with a separate 
 piano accomiDaniment," Glasgow, 1848 ; and 
 
 CANTELO. 
 
 wrote a few original anthems of mediocre 
 quality, some of which were once very popular 
 in Glasgow and neighbourhood. 
 
 Campbell, Joshua, Scottish collector, who 
 was a music-seller and bell-ringer in Glasgow, 
 and died there early in the present century. 
 He issued, about 1795, "A collection of new 
 Reels aud Highland Strathspeys, with a bass 
 for the violoncello and harpsichord," Glas- 
 gow, n.d. "Collection of favourite tunes," 
 with variations, etc., n.d. 
 
 Campbell, Mary Maxwell, musician and 
 poetess, born at Pitlour House, Fife, in 1812 ; 
 died at St. Andrew's, January 15, 1886. 
 Fifth daughter of Sir D. J. Campbell. Com- 
 poser of the words and music of that blatant, 
 though well-known song, " The March of the 
 Cameron Men," and of "The mole and the 
 bat" (1867), and other vocal pieces. 
 
 Campbell, 'William, Scottish collector, 
 who flourished in London, published about 
 1790, and later, " Campbell's First Book of 
 New and Favourite Country Dances aud 
 Strathspey Reels, for the harpsichord or vio- 
 lin." Afterwards issued a "Collection of the 
 newest and most favourite country dances and 
 reels," London, various dates. Of these col- 
 lections at least 23 books were issued. 
 
 Campion, Thomas, poet, dramatist, com- 
 poser, and physician, flourished in first joart 
 of 17th century, and died in February, 1619. 
 
 Works. — Observations on the art of Eng- 
 lish poesie, 1602: The first, second, third, and 
 fourth booke of Ayres, containing divine and 
 morrall songs ; to be sung to the Lute and 
 Viols, in two, three, andfoure^aarts ; or by one 
 voyce to an instrument, London, 1610-12; Songs 
 of mourning bewailing the untimely death of 
 Prince Henry, 1613. A new way of making 
 f oure parts in Counter-point, by a most familiar 
 and infallible rule, 1618 (aud 1655 in Playford's 
 " Introduction to the skill of Musick ") ; Ayres 
 for the Mask of Flowers, 1613. 
 
 Campobello, see Martin, H. M. 
 
 Candlish, Rev. Robert Scott, Scottish 
 Free Church clergyman, born Edinburgh, 
 1807; died 1873. He wrote "The Organ 
 Question : Statements by Dr. Ritchie and 
 Dr. Porteous for and against the use of the 
 Organ in Public Worship, with an introduc- 
 tory notice." Edinburgh, 1856. 
 
 Cantelo, Annie, Mrs. Harry Cox, pianist, 
 born in Nottingham. Studied at R.A.M., 
 being Sterndale Bennett prize-holder, 1881, 
 and Lady Goldsmid scholar, 1882. A.R.A.M.. 
 1883. Made her first appearance in public at 
 Mr. Walter Macfarren's concert, St. James's 
 Hall, March 25th, 1882, playing the solo part 
 of Schumann's ijianoforte concerto. She has 
 given concerts in Nottingham, and recitals 
 in London with much success ; and is the 
 composer of a sonata in E minor, and other 
 pieces for pf. 
 
78 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 CAPEL. 
 
 Capel, J. M. Composer of the music to 
 a comedietta, " The composer," 1892 ; also 
 of " Six songs ; " songs, various, and pieces 
 for pf . 
 
 Capes, Rev. John Moore, composer 
 and writer, was born at Stroud. Was J3.A., 
 Oxford, 1836 ; M.A., 1846 Died in 1889. 
 He composed "The Druid," a tragic opera, 
 produced at St. George's Hall, Liverpool, 
 February 22nd, 1879. This work attained 
 not more than local renown. Capes has also 
 written " An essay on the growth of the 
 musical scale and of modern harmony," 
 London, 1879. 
 
 Caradog, see Jones, Griffith Rhys. 
 
 Card, William, flute player and composer, 
 born at Salisbury, in 1788; died at London, 
 October 4th, 1861. He composed a large 
 number of pieces of music for the flute, 
 chiefly arrangements, and published a few 
 pf. works. His son, Edward J. Card, also 
 a flute player, was a member of Her Majesty's 
 private baud, and of the Philharmonic orches- 
 tra. He died in London, May 16th, 1877, 
 aged 60. 
 
 Cardigan, Cora, flutist, born in London. 
 Studied under her father, and R. S. Rockstro. 
 Appeared flrst at the Koyal Music Hall, 
 Holborn, then at the Oxford, and the Royal 
 Aquarium. Her reputation as an artist being 
 now established, she appeared with success 
 on the concert platform, and gave a concert 
 in Prince's Hall, February 17th, 1885. She 
 has played at St. James's Hall ; at the Bow 
 and Bromley recitals ; and in the provinces. 
 Toured for two years in America, and has 
 fulfilled engagements in Berlin and Nice. 
 Her playing is remarkable for brilliancy of 
 execution, and purity of tone. In 1889, she 
 married Herr Louis Honig, a well-known 
 pianist and composer. 
 
 Carew, Miss ? English soprano vocalist, 
 who was born in London, October 16th, 1799. 
 She studied under Welsh, and her parents, 
 and originally played small parts in Covent 
 Garden Theatre. She first appeared as an 
 operatic vocalist at Covent Garden, in July, 
 1815. Sang at the English Opera House, 
 1818, etc. She was also engaged for the 
 Philharmonic, and principal London and 
 provincial concerts. About 1823 she retired 
 from the stage. Died [ ?] 
 
 Carey, Henry, composer and minor poet, 
 reputed natural son of George Saville, Marquis 
 of Halifax, was born in 1692 [1685]. Received 
 some instruction in music from Roseiugrave 
 and Geminiani : otherwise self-taught. He 
 was for a time a teacher of music, but was 
 engaged chiefly in writing music for the 
 theatres. He hanged himself in Great War- 
 ner Street, Clerkenwell, London, October 4, 
 1743. 
 
 Works. — Musical Dramas, etc. — The Con- 
 
 CARMICHAEL. 
 
 trivances, 1715; Honest Yorksliireman, 1736; 
 Amelia, 1732 ; Teraminta, 1732 ; Chrononho- 
 touihologos, 1734 ; Dragon of Wantley (words 
 only), 1737 ; Dragoness (otherwise known as 
 Marjery, or a worse Plague than the Dragon), 
 1738. Betty, 1739 ; Nancy, 1739. Poems, 
 1720 : Cantatas, 1732. The Musical Century, 
 in 100 English Ballads on various Subjects 
 aud Occasions, etc., Loud., 2 vols., 1737-1740 ; 
 Dramatic Works (Collected), 1743. Inter- 
 ludes — Thomas and Sally, etc. Melody of 
 "God Save the Queen." (?) Carey is now 
 known only as the composer of the fine ballad 
 " Sally in our Alley," and of a few hymn 
 tunes. The "Easter Hymn," usually attri- 
 buted to Carey, is not his composition. His 
 ballad " Sally in our Alley " appears to have 
 been first published about 1715 as " (Sally in 
 our Alley) the words and Tune by Mr. Henry 
 Carey." It is a folio broadsheet on one side 
 of a single leaf, and has a flute part added 
 at the end. Tlie melody differs considerably 
 from more modern versions. In the 1729 
 edition of his " Poems on several occasions " 
 it first nppears in permanent form with an 
 argument or note explaining the circum- 
 stances under which it was written, and 
 referring to it as a juvenile effusion. This 
 does not give the tune, nor is anything said 
 about it. 
 
 His son George Saville Carey, born 
 1743, died 1807, was a poet and dramatist, 
 who wrote a number of farces and other 
 dramatic pieces. 
 
 Cargill, James, Scottish musician of 
 present century, published " Harmonia Sacra: 
 a collection of the most celebrated tunes aud 
 anthems, partly original and partly extracted 
 from some of the best authors ancient and 
 modern ..." Aberdeen, n.d. 
 
 Carlile James, Scottish clergyman and 
 psalmody editor, was born about 1784. He 
 was minister of the Scottish Church, St. 
 Mary's Abbey, Dublin, 1814-54. He died at 
 Dublin, March 31, 1854. Compiler of a col- 
 lection of psalmody issued in 1828. 
 
 Carlton, Hugh, author of "The Genesis 
 of Harmony : an inquiry into the laws which 
 govern musical composition," Lond., 1882. 
 
 Carlton, Rev. Richard, clergyman and 
 composer, flourished during end of 16th and 
 beginning of 17tli centuries. He wrote 
 " Twenty-one Madrigals for five voyces," 
 Lond., 1601 ; and contributed " Calm was the 
 Air," a madrigal for 5 voices, to the " Tri- 
 umphs of Oriana." His biography is unknown. 
 
 Carmichael, Mary Grant, pianist and 
 composer, born at Birkenhead. Pupil of the 
 Academy for the higher development of piano- 
 forte playing, where her teachers were Oscar 
 Beringer, Walter Bache, and Fritz Hartvigsou ; 
 pupil of E. Prout for harmony and compo- 
 sition. As a pianist she has appeared chiefly 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 79 
 
 CARMICHAEL. 
 
 as an accompanist, at the Monday Popular 
 Concerts, 1884-5, and elsewhere ; but she is 
 more widely known as a composer. Her 
 works include many songs, among which may 
 be named " Sing Song," twenty rhymes by C. 
 Rossetti ; " The Stream," a series of connected 
 vocal pieces in the manner of a Liederkreis, 
 produced at the l^yric Club, November, 1887; 
 The Flower of the Vale ; The Tryst, etc. 
 Duets : A poor soul sat sighing, Who is Sylvia ? 
 Daybreak, and others. A suite for pf. Duet 
 (1880) and smaller Tpi. compositions. She has 
 also written an oi^eretta, " The Snow Queen," 
 and is now engaged on sacred compositions 
 in large forms. Translator of A. Ehrlich's 
 "Celebrated Pianists of the Past and Present," 
 London: Grevel, 1894. 
 
 Carmichael, Peter, author of the "'Science 
 of Music Simplified," Glasgow, 1860. 
 
 Carmichael, S., author of "Dictionary 
 of Musical Terms and Elementary Rules," 
 London, 1878. 
 
 Carnaby, William, composer and organ- 
 ist, was born at London, in 1772. He studied 
 under Nares and Ayrton as chorister in Chapel 
 Royal. Organist at Eye, Suffolk, and at 
 Huntingdon. Bac. Mus., 1803. Doc. Mus , 
 Cantab., 1808. Organist at Hanover Chapel, 
 Regent Street, London, 182.3. He died at 
 London, Nov. 13, 1839. 
 
 Works. — Ode, The Tears of Genius. Twelve 
 Collects for 4 voices, in score, with organ 
 accompaniment; Sanctus for 5 voices; Six 
 Canzonets for voice and pf. ; Six Songs for 
 voice and pf. Glees, various. Anthems. MS. 
 Works. The Singing Primer, or Rudiments 
 of Solfeggi, with Exercises in the principal 
 Major and Minor keys, London, 1827. 
 
 Carnall, Arthur, composer and organist, 
 born at Peterborough, 1852, son of John Car- 
 nall, an amateur, who was for years choir- 
 master of St. Mary's, Peterborough. Pupil 
 of Dr. Chipp, at Ely Cathedral. Graduated 
 Mus. B., Cambridge, 1873. Organist of the 
 Parish Church, Penge. 
 
 Works. — Overture, orchestra, Oxford, 1888 ; 
 Quintets, in D and P, for wind instruments ; 
 Quartets, in C minor (Oxford, 1887,) and P, 
 performed at the Conference of the Incorpor- 
 ated Society of IMusicians, Newcastle, 1892, 
 forstrings; Nocturne, for strings, 1894. Album 
 of duets, violin, and pf. ; pieces for pf., organ, 
 etc. Anthem for Christmas, " Hail ! Thou 
 that art highly favoured," and others ; services 
 glees and madrigals ; songs, etc. 
 
 Carnie, William, writer and editor, was 
 born at Aberdeen in November, 1824. He 
 was originally a letter engraver, but became 
 precentor of the Established Church, Ban- 
 chory-Devenick, Aberdeen, in 1845. Inspector 
 of Poor for same Parish, 1847. Sub-editor of 
 the Aberdeen Herald, 1852. Precentor of the 
 West, or High Church, Aberdeen, 1854. Clerk 
 
 CARRODUS. 
 
 and treasurer to the managers of Aberdeen 
 Royal Infirmary and the Lunatic Asylum, 
 1861. He acted as local correspondent for a 
 time to the Times and the Scotsman. 
 
 Works. — Psalmody in Scotland, a Lecture, 
 Aberdeen, 854 ; Northern Psalter, containing 
 402 Psalm and liymn Tunes, Aberdeen, 1870; 
 Anthem appendix to do. ; Precentor's Com- 
 panion and Teacher's Indicator ; Contribu- 
 tions to periodical literature, etc. 
 
 Mr. Carnie's labours did much to promote 
 good psalmody in the North of Scotland. In 
 1854, at the request of the local Young Men's 
 Christian Association, he delivered a lecture 
 on Psalmody to an audience numbering over 
 2000 persons, which inaugurated a very suc- 
 cessful effort to improve the psalmody of 
 Aberdeen churches. 
 Carolan, sec O'Carolan. 
 Carr, Benjamin, English musician, born 
 in latter part of 18th century. He settled in 
 Philadelphia, U.S., early in the 19th century, 
 where he was an organist and teacher. He 
 published "The Spanish Hymn, arranged 
 and composed for the concerts of the Musical 
 Fund Society of Philadelphia. . . The air from 
 an ancient Spanish melody . . . 1826 " The 
 hymn-tune called "Madrid," " Spanish mel- 
 ody," etc., is ascribed to Carr, but by a 
 curious misprint, generally appears as by 
 "B. Case." 
 
 Carstairs, sec Molesworth, Lady. 
 Carr, Frank Osmond, composer, born 
 in Yorkshire. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1882 ; 
 Mus. Doc, 1891, Oxford. Mus. Bac, Cam- 
 bridge, 1885; M.A., 1886. He is known as 
 the composer of music to a number of farces, 
 burlesques, and comic operas : Joan of Arc, 
 1891; Blue-eyed Susan, 1892; In Town, 1892; 
 Morocco Bound, 1893 ; Go Bang, 1894 ; His 
 Excellency (W. S. Gilbert), produced at the 
 Lyric Theatre, London, October 27th, 1894 ; 
 Biarritz, 1896 ; Lord Tom Noddy, 1896 ; The 
 Clergyman's Daughter, Theatre Royal, Bir- 
 mingham, April, 1896 ; later, as My Girl, at 
 the Gaiety, London. 
 
 Carr, John, vocal composer, who 
 flourished at Boxford, Sussex, about the 
 middle of last century. Among other works 
 he issued "The Grove, or rural harmony," 
 containingavariety of songs." London [1760]. 
 Carr, Robert, musician of the 17th cen- 
 tury. Issued "The delightful companion, 
 or choice new lessons for the recorder or flute." 
 London, 1686. Two editions. 
 
 Carrodus, John Tiplady, violinist, born 
 at Braithwaite, near Keighley, Yorkshire, 
 January 20th, 1836. Received his first lessons 
 from his father, an amateur violinist, and gave 
 a concert at the IMechanics' Institution, 
 Keighley, in November, 1845. At the age of 
 twelve, he was placed under Molique, with 
 whom he studied at Stuttgart and in London. 
 
80 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 CAKROLL. 
 
 He appeared aC a concert given by Mr. C. K. 
 Salaman, at the Hanover Square Rooms, 
 June 1st, 1849 ; and played a solo at the first 
 Bradford Musical Festival, August 31st, 1853. 
 He was engaged in the orchestra at Coveut 
 Garden Theatre, and ultimately became 
 principal violinist in the Philharmonic, Three 
 Choir Festival, and other orchestras, and was 
 also noted as a quartet player, appearing in 
 this capacity as early as 1850, being second 
 violin at Molique's chamber concerts. He 
 was leader at the Leeds festivals from 1880 
 to 1892, and appeared as soloist at the London 
 • Musical Society, April 22, 18G3, Crystal 
 Palace, and the leading metropolitan and 
 provincial concerts. When the National 
 Training School for Music was opened, in 
 1876, he was appointed a professor of the 
 violin there. He commenced giving violin 
 recitals in 1881, and toured in South Africa, 
 1890-1. His published compositions include 
 fantasias, and a romance ; and he edited a 
 collection of celebrated violin duets, and 
 some studies. He died in London, July 13th, 
 1895. His son, Bernhard Molique, violin- 
 ist, was educated at home, and at the R.A.M. 
 He has been connected with the best orches- 
 tras, and is making a reputation as a solo 
 player, in the last capacity appearing with 
 success at the Gloucester Festival of 1889. 
 In 1888 he was appointed a professor at Trin- 
 ity College, London. Ernest Alexander, 
 his brother, is a contrabassist ; inember of the 
 Philharmonic and other orchestras ; J. Car- 
 RODUS is a violoncellist and organist; R. Car- 
 EODus, a violinist ; and W. 0. Carrodus, a 
 flutist, scholar of the R.C.M. The father, 
 with his five sons, were included in the 
 orchestra at the Hereford Festival of 1894. 
 
 Carroll, B. Hobson, organist, pianist, 
 and violinist. Graduated Mus. Doc, Dublin, 
 1884. He was for some time organist of 
 Christ Church, Belfast, and is now organist 
 and choirmaster of Dunfermline Abbey. 
 Composer of a Te Deuni in E flat, for soli, 
 eight part chorus, and orchestra, Jubilate, 
 Magnificat and Nunc dimittis, pieces for 
 violin, etc. 
 
 Carroll, Walter, organist. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Durham, 1891 ; Mus. Bac, Man- 
 chester, 1896 ; Organist and clioirmaster, 
 St. Clement's, Greenheys, Manchester, 1892 ; 
 Music master. Day Training College, Owen's 
 College, Manchester, 1892 ; Professor of har- 
 mony, R.C.M. , Manchester, 1898. Works : 
 Psalm 146, for soli, chorus, and orchestra ; 
 Two sonatinas, pf., etc. 
 
 Carrott, Livesey, Organist and pianist, 
 born at Boston, Lincolnshire. Educated at 
 R.A.M. Was appointed organist and choir- 
 master at All Saints', Highgate, 1882 ; St. 
 Matthew's, Bayswater, 1896. Resident in 
 London as performer and teacher. Composer 
 
 CARTER. 
 
 of a sacred cantata, Martha, for female voices,. 
 1896 ; songs, etc. 
 
 Carte, Richard, flutist and maker of 
 musical instruments, born 1808 (?), son of 
 Richard Cart, quartermaster of the Blues. 
 Orginally intended as a violinist, he was 
 placed under Griesbach, of the Queen's band; 
 afterwards he was a pupil, for the flute, of 
 George Rudall. About 1828, he went to Ger- 
 many, and studied composition under Ilaupt- 
 mann. Returning to England he resumed 
 concert giving, and also lectured on various 
 musical topics, enjoying a high reputation. 
 In 1843, he adopted the Boehm flute, subse- 
 quently combining his own patent with the 
 Boehm system. He joined the firm of Rudall 
 and Rose in 1850, and in 1853 compiled and 
 Ijroduced the first issue of the " Musical 
 Directory, Register, and Almanack." He 
 composed songs, and pieces for the flute ; and 
 was author of " A complete course of instruc- 
 tion for the Boehm Flute" (1845?); and 
 " Sketch of the successive Improvements 
 made in tlie Flute" (1851?). He died at 
 Reigate, November 26, 1891. 
 
 Carter, George, organist and composer, 
 born in London, January 26, 1835. Studied 
 under Sir Jolm Goss, and was first appointed 
 an organist in 1847. He was then succes- 
 sively organist at St. Tiiomas', Staniford 
 Hill (1H48) ; Christ Church, Camberwell 
 (1850) ; Trinity Church, Upper Chelsea (]853) ; 
 St. Luke's, Chelsea (1860); and of Montreal 
 Cathedral (1861-70). As a performer he was 
 known on the Continent as well as in London 
 and America. For some years he acted as 
 organist at the Albert Hall. His composi- 
 tions include Operas — "Fair Rosamond," and 
 "Nerone" (Italian), in MS. Operetta, "Golden 
 Dreams." Cantatas, "Evangeline" (1873); 
 "The Golden Legend " (comjDosed 1883) ; and 
 a Siufonia-Cantata, Ps. 116, " I love the 
 Lord" (1872). High Festival Communion 
 Service (1883). Grand Festival March ; Tema 
 con variazioni, organ ; Songs and miscellaneous 
 works. — Another George Carter, tenor vo- 
 calist and lay vicar, Westminster Abbey, of 
 repute as a ballad and glee singer, died at 
 Wandsworth, November 17, 1890, at the age 
 of fifty-six. 
 
 Carter, Henry, organist and composer, 
 brother of the preceding, born March 6, 1837. 
 Was some time organist of the Cathedral, 
 Quebec, and in 1882 was appointed organist 
 of Rev. Henry Ward Beecher's Church, New 
 York, having previously held a similar post 
 at Trinity Church, in that city. Has com- 
 posed anthems, songs, organ music, etc. 
 
 Another Henry Carter published a large 
 number of waltzes and other dance pieces, 
 songs, etc., between 1849 and 1861. 
 
 Carter, Robert, musician. Compiled "A 
 Psalter, containing a selection of Psalm tunes, 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 81 
 
 CARTER. 
 
 chants, services, aiid other ecclesiastical music, 
 the Psalms selected from the new version by 
 the Rev. W. J. E. Bennett," London, 1843. 
 
 Carter, Thomas, composer, was born in 
 Ireland, in 1735 [1758, 1768, also given]. He 
 studied probably in Ireland under his father, 
 and became Organist of S. Werburgh's Church, 
 Dublin, 1751-69. He travelled in Italy for a 
 time [1770-1]. Conductor of Theatre in 
 Bengal [1771-2], but settled in London as 
 teacher and composer to the theatres, 1773. 
 He died at London, October 12, 1804. 
 
 Works. — Musical Dramas — Rival Candi- 
 dates, 1775 ; Milesians, 1777 ; Fair American, 
 1782 ; Birthday ; Constant Maid ; Just in 
 Time. Lessons tor the Guitar ; Concerto for 
 bassoon and pf. ; Six Sonatas for the pf. 
 Songs, detached and in collections, etc. The 
 Soldier's farewell on the eve of a battle, song. 
 Carter composed " O Nannie, wilt thou gang 
 wi me," a song which owes its success to its 
 imitation of the Scottish style. Apart from 
 this song his merits as a composer are not 
 great, and none of his other works are now 
 heard. 
 
 Carter, William, organist, composer, and 
 conductor, brother of G. and H. Carter, born 
 in London, December 7, 1838. Studied under 
 his father and Ernst Pauer. Chorister, St. 
 Giles', Camberwell (1845) ; Chapel Royal, 
 Whitehall ; and King's College, London. Or- 
 ganist of Christ Church, Rotherhithe (1848) ; 
 Little Stanmore, Whitchurch (1850) ; St. 
 Mary, Newington (1854) ; and St. Helen's, 
 Bishopsgate (1856). In 1859 he acted, for his 
 brother Henry, as Organist of Quebec Cathe- 
 dral, and conducted a grand performance of 
 "Judas Maccabccus," April 13, the centenary 
 of the composer's death. The next year he 
 was organist of St. Stephen's, Westbourne 
 Park, London ; and, in 1808, of St. Paul's. 
 Onslow Square. He established the Bays- 
 water Musical Society in 1860, and was con- 
 ductor of the London Choral Union, 1861. 
 When the Royal Albert Hall was opened in 
 1871, he formed a large choir, and has for 
 many years given choral and popular concerts 
 in that building. In 1894 he started choral 
 concerts in the Queen's Hall. He has also 
 appeared with success a« a performer upon 
 the organ and pianoforte. His chief compo- 
 sitions are : — Placida, the Christian Martyr, 
 a cantata produced at the Albert Hall, De- 
 cember 5, 1871 : a Thanksgiving Anthem for 
 recovery of H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, 1872; 
 Victoria, an ode, 1887. He has also com- 
 posed anthems, songs, and part-songs, and 
 arranged national airs for choral-singing. 
 
 Cartledge, James, composer, organist, 
 and singer, born at Newark [1791] ; died at 
 Manchester September 13, 1864. being the 
 senior chorister of the Cathedral, his appoint- 
 ment dating from 1826. He issued "Sacred 
 
 CATLEY. 
 
 Music, with an accompanimeut for the organ 
 or pianoforte," Lond. [1840] . 
 
 Cartwright, Thomas, Puritan divine 
 (1535-1603), who wrote against the use of 
 music in public worship. Pull particulars of 
 what views he held will be found in Hawkins' 
 " History of Music." 
 
 Case, George Tinkler, concertina player 
 and writer, author of various text-books for 
 different instruments, among which are " In- 
 structions for performing on the Concertina, 
 from the first Rudiments to the most difficult 
 style of Performance," Lond. [1848]; Tutor 
 for the Violin ; Exercises for Wheatstone's 
 patent concertina [1855]. Baritone concertina, 
 a new method . . . Lond. [1857] ; Concertina 
 miscellany [1855]. English concertina tutor, 
 n.d. One hundred ballads for the violin 
 [1859]. 
 
 His wife, born Grace Egerton, was a 
 soprano vocalist. 
 
 Case, John, physician and writer, was 
 born at Woodstock about the middle of the 
 16th century. Chorister at New College and 
 Christ College, Oxford. Fellow of St. John's 
 College, Oxford. Lecturer at Oxford. He 
 died in January, 1600. 
 
 Works. — The Praise of Musicke, wherein 
 its Antiquity, Dignity, Delectation, and Use, 
 are discussed, Oxford, 1586. Apologia Musices, 
 tern vocalis quam instrumentalis et mixtas, 
 Oxford, 1588. Philosophical works, etc. The 
 " Praise of IMusicke " is an exceedingly quaint 
 work, and at the present date of great rarity. 
 The writer was an enthusiast of the highest 
 order. 
 
 Cassidy, James, Irish composer and baud- 
 master, died at Dublin, March 28, 1869. He 
 composed and published a very large number 
 of galops, quadrilles, and other dance music, 
 for orchestra and pf. 
 
 Casson, Margaret, vocalist and composer, 
 who flourished about the beginning of the 
 present century. She wrote a number of 
 vocal pieces of varying merit, among which 
 may be named the songs : The Cuckoo ; At- 
 tend, ye nymphs [1790] ; Snowdrop ; Noon 
 [1790] ; God save the Queen, etc. ; The Pearl, 
 glee. Her biography has not been preserved. 
 
 Casson, John, probably a relative of the 
 above, composed minuets for the pf. Eight 
 favourite airs for the pf., and other works 
 issued between 1794-1820. 
 
 Casson, Thomas, bank manager, of Den- 
 bigh, amateur organist, and writer. Author 
 of " The Modern Organ, London [1883]. Also 
 papers and lectures on the organ. In 1887 
 he formed a company for building organs on 
 the principle enunciated in his works. 
 
 Catley, Ann, soprano vocalist, was born 
 at London, 1745. She was articled to Bates, 
 the composer, in 1760, and appeared at Vaux- 
 hall Gardens in 1762. She sang at Covent 
 
82 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 CAUSTON. 
 
 Garden Theatre, Oct 8, 1762. Involved in a 
 scandalous criminal case, 1763. Sang in Ire- 
 land, 1763-70 ; Covent Garden Theatre, 1771. 
 Made her last appearance in public in 1784. 
 Supposed to have been latterly married to 
 General Lascelles, with v?hom she lived pre- 
 vious to her death. She died near Brentford, 
 Oct. 14, 1789. 
 
 The criminal case above alluded to in this 
 singer's life was an action raised at the in- 
 stance of her father against Bates, Sir Francis 
 Delavel, and an attorney named Fraine for 
 conspiring to prostitute her, by agreement, to 
 the person named Delavel. Her father gained 
 his case. She was a great favourite in Lon- 
 don and in Ireland, and was one of the few 
 successful vocalists who at that time made 
 use of the staccato style. Her biography is 
 given in "The Life and Memoirs of Miss Ann 
 Catley, with biographical sketches of Sir F. 
 Blake Delaval, and the Hon. Isabella Pawlet, 
 daughter of the Earl of Thanet," by Miss 
 Ambross, London, 1789, with portrait. Re- 
 printed in 1888. 
 
 Causton, Thomas, composer and organist, 
 who flourished during the 16th century. He 
 was a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal during 
 the reigns of Edward VI., Mary, and Eliza- 
 beth. He died on October 28, 1569. Con- 
 tributed to Day's " Certain Notes set forth in 
 four and three parts, to be sung at the Morn- 
 ing, Communion, and Evening Prayer." His 
 compositions appear also in Day's " Psalms," 
 London, 1568. 
 
 Cave, William Reginald, violinist, com- 
 poser and conductor, nephew of Joseph H. 
 Cave, many years lessee and manager of the 
 Marylebone and other theatres. He was born 
 in Marylebone, in 1859, and first appeared as 
 a violinist at the Marylebone theatre in 1864, 
 and afterwards played for three months, during 
 the management of Nelson Lee, 1865, at the 
 Crystal Palace. In conjunction with the late 
 Edward Solomon and James Saunders, he 
 gave concerts. In 1874 he founded the West 
 London Orchestral Society, retaining the con- 
 ductorship until 1887, and giving many con- 
 certs. He then formed the People's Palace 
 Orchestra ; and, since 1876, has been a Pro- 
 fessor of the violin at Harrow Music School. 
 He wrote incidental music to " Mary, Queen 
 of Scots"; two overtures, one in B flat (at 
 the age of fourteen), for orchestra; two sym- 
 phonies ; a concerto for violin, and other 
 pieces. 
 
 Cave=Ashton, Gertrude, see Ashton, 
 Gerteude Cave-. 
 
 Cavendish, Michael, composer, who 
 flourished during the latter portion of the 
 16th century. He composed " Ayres for four 
 voices," 1599 ; and contributed the five-part 
 madrigal " Come, gentle swains " to the " Tri- 
 umphs of Oriana," 1601. He also aided in 
 
 CELLIER. 
 
 harmonising " The Whole Booke of Psalmes," 
 
 1592. His biography has not been preserved. 
 
 Cazalet, Rev. William Wahab, M.A., 
 
 English divine and writer, was born about 
 commencement of present century. He wrote 
 The History of the Royal Academy of Music, 
 compiled from authentic sources, London, 
 1854 ; On the right management of the voice 
 in speaking and reading, with some remarks 
 on phrasing and accentuation, London, 1855 
 (3rd edit., 1860) ; The voice, or the art of 
 singing, London, 1861 ; On the reading of 
 the Church liturgy, 1862 ; Exhibition lecture 
 on the musical department of the late Exhib- 
 ition, London, 1853. 
 
 Cecil, Arthur, or Blunt,actor and manager. 
 Destined for the army, he played as an am- 
 ateur at the Richmond Theatre, and in 1869 
 joined the German Reed Company, appearing 
 as Mr. Churchmouse in Gilbert's " No Cards," 
 and as Box in the Burnand-Sullivan bur- 
 lesque, " Cox and Box." He afterwards played 
 in the regular drama at the Globe, Gaiety, 
 and Opera Comique. For some time he was 
 joint manager with John Clayton, of the 
 Court Theatre. He died at Brighton, April 
 16, 1896. 
 
 Cecil, Rev. Richard, clergyman and 
 musician, was born in London, November 8, 
 1748. He was educated at Oxford, 1773. 
 Deacon, 1775. Priest, 1777. Minister of St. 
 John's Chapel, Bedford Row, London, 1780. 
 Rector of Cobham and Bisley, Surrey, 1800. 
 He died at Hampstead, August 15, 1810. 
 
 Works. — Selection of psalms and hymns 
 for the public worship of the Church of Eng- 
 land, London, n.d. ; 32nd edition issued, 1840 ; 
 Sermons, lectures, etc. Best known by his 
 anthem, " I will arise, and go to my Father." 
 His daughter, Theophania, was born in 1782, 
 and died in London, November 15, 1879. She 
 was organist of St. John's Chapel ; editor of 
 " The psalm and hymn tunes, used at St. 
 John's Chapel, Bedford Row ; arranged for 
 four voices, and adapted for the organ or 
 pf., London, 1814. 
 
 Celli, F. H., see Standing, Frank. 
 
 Cellier, Alfred, composer and conductor, 
 of French extraction, born in London (Hack- 
 ney), December 1, 1844. Chorister at Chapel 
 Royal, St. James's, 1855-60; organist of All 
 Saints', Blackheath, 1862. In 1866 he suc- 
 ceeded Dr. Chipp as organist of the Ulster 
 Hall, Belfast, and conductor of the Classical 
 Harmonists, and two years later, was ap- 
 poiiited organist of St. Alban's, Holborn. He 
 now turned his attention to composition and 
 conducting, and was engaged at the Prince's 
 Theatre, Manchester, 1871-5 ; Opera Comique, 
 London, 1877-9; and, with Sir Arthur SuUi- 
 van, joint conductor. Promenade Concerts, 
 Covent Garden, 1878-9 ; and held other sim- 
 ilar appointments at various times. About 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 83 
 
 CHADFIELD. 
 
 this time his health failed, and he lived much 
 abroad, principally in Australia. He died in 
 London, December 28, 1891, while giving the 
 finishing touches to his opera, " The Mounte- 
 banks," the overture of which was taken from 
 his Orchestral Suite, the intended movement 
 never having been written. Cellier was a 
 brilliant organist, and was credited with 
 superior literary tastes. He wrote a trenchant 
 little paper, " A nightmare of tradition " {The 
 Theatre, October, 1878), a plea for English 
 opera. 
 
 Works. — Operettas and Operas : Charity 
 begins at home, 1870 ; The Sultan of Mocha 
 {Prince's Theatre, Manchester, Nov. 16, 1874; 
 revived. Strand Theatre, London, with a new 
 libretto, Sept. 21, 1887) ; The Tower of Lon- 
 don, 1875 ; Nell Gwynne, 1876 ; The Foster 
 Brothers, London, 1876 ; Dora's Dream, 1877 ; 
 The Spectre Knight, Feb., 1878; Bella Donna 
 (Manchester, April, 1878) ; After All (London, 
 1879) ; In the Sulks, 1880 ; Pandora, grand 
 opera (Boston, U.S., 1881) ; The Carp (Savoy 
 Theatre, 1886) ; Dorothy (a fresh arrangement 
 of the music of Nell Gwynne to a new libretto. 
 Gaiety Theatre, Sept. 25, 1886) ; Mrs. Jarra- 
 mie's Genie (Savoy, Feb., 1888) ; Doris (Lj'ric, 
 April, 1889) ; and The ]\Iountebanks (book by 
 W. S. Gilbert, produced. Lyric Theatre, Jan. 
 1892). He also set Gray's Elegy as a cantata, 
 produced at the Leeds Festival, 1883 ; wrote 
 incidental music to As You Like it, 1885 ; a 
 Suite Symphonique, for orchestra ; Barcarolle, 
 flute and pf. ; songs, and pf. pieces. 
 
 His brother, Charles Herbert Cellier, 
 is organist of Holy Trinity Church, Anerley ; 
 Conductor of Lower Sydenham Choral So- 
 ciety, and Anerley Musical Society. He has, 
 ior many years, given concerts in that locality. 
 Francis A. Cellier, musical director. Savoy 
 Theatre, was joint composer of the music to 
 "Mrs. Jarramie's Genie," and composer of 
 an operetta, " Captain Bill," produced at the 
 Savoy Theatre, Sept., 1891. 
 
 Chadfield, Edward, pianist, born at 
 Derby, August 1, 1827. At the age of nine, 
 studied under Froude Fritche (organist of 
 All Saints' Church, Derby), but after some 
 years, was required to take the place of a 
 deceased brother in his father's business. 
 From this he was released in time, and he 
 resumed his musical studies under Henry 
 Smart, and later, in Paris, with Henri Ros- 
 ellen, and Korbach. In 1851, he returned to 
 Derby, and established himself as a performer 
 and teacher, founding, with Mr. A. F. Smith, 
 a School of Music there. He held the appoint- 
 ment of organist at St. Werburgh's Church 
 for eleven years, and a similar ofifice at All 
 Saints', which he resigned in 1887. In the 
 early days of the Incorporated Society of 
 Musicians, Mr. Chadfield was an active 
 •worker, and in 1885, he was induced to accept 
 
 CHAMBERLAIN. 
 
 the office of Hon. General Secretary. Since 
 that date he has attended meetings and given 
 addresses in all parts of the United Kingdom, 
 and Ireland, and was chosen as a delegate to 
 attend the annual meeting of the Music 
 Teachers' National Association (America), 
 held at Philadelphia, July, 1889. After the 
 incorporation of the Society, 1893, Mr. Chad- 
 field was presented with a handsome testi- 
 monial during the Conference held in London 
 that year. The office being then removed to 
 London, Mr. Chadfield left Derby for the 
 metropolis, and as the executive officer of the 
 Society devotes the whole of his time to its 
 advancement. He married, in 1858, the 
 youngest daughter of the late Alderman Made- 
 ley, some time Mayor of Derby. His eldest 
 son, Edward Joseph Chadfield, was music- 
 ally educated first at home, then at the 
 Leipzig Conservatorium. He made his debut 
 as a pianist at Derby in 1886, and succeeded 
 his father as teacher and joint director of 
 the Derby School of Music. 
 
 Challoner, Neville Butler, harpist and 
 violinist, born London, 1784. He studied in 
 London, and first appeared as a violinist in 
 1798. He was violinist at Covent Garden 
 Theatre in 1796 ; at Richmond Theatre, 1799 ; 
 and subsequently leader at Birmingham, 
 Sadler's Wells Theatre, etc. Harpist at It- 
 alian Opera, London, and tenor player at the 
 Philharmonic Society. Latterly, he was a 
 music-seller. Date of death unknown. 
 
 Works. — Method for the violin, London, 
 n.d. New Guida di Musica, or instructions 
 for beginners on the pf., n.d. Method for 
 Guitar, n.d. ; Method for flute, n.d. ; Method 
 for the harp, n. d. Romance and Polacca for 
 harp, op. 14 ; Two duets on Scotch airs, op. 
 10 ; Three duets (trans.), op. 15 ; Duet con- 
 certante for harp, op. 22. Miscellaneous 
 works for harp and pf. Harmonia Sacra, 
 4 books, London, n. d. Lays of harmony, or 
 the musical scrap book, 1830. National airs 
 [1830] , etc. 
 
 Chalmers, James, Scottish musician and 
 printer, son of Professor James Chalmers, of 
 Marischal College, was born early in the 18th 
 century ; died at Aberdeen in 1764. He com- 
 piled a collection of 20 Church tunes [circa 
 1748] , containing " Observations concerning 
 the tunes and manner of singing them," 
 which is now exceedingly scarce. In 1736 he 
 was appointed printer to the town council of 
 Aberdeen, and he published the Aberdeen 
 Journal, etc. His son, James, born in Aber- 
 deen, March 31, 1742 ; died June 17, 1810, 
 succeeded him in bitsiness, and in 1774 was 
 appointed preceptor of the West Church, 
 Aberdeen ; a position he held till 1797. 
 
 Chamberlain, Houston Stewart, writer, 
 author of "Das Drama Richard Wagner's" 
 (Leipzig : Breitkopf and Hartel, 1892) ; 
 
84 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 CHAMBERLAINE. 
 
 "Richard Wagner" (Depot for Art and Sci- 
 ence, Munich, 1895) ; and occasional contri- 
 butions to musical papers. 
 
 Chamberlaine, Elizabeth, see Von Hoff, 
 Mrs. H. 
 
 Chamberlayne, Miss E. A., com- 
 poser, of the present time. Studied under 
 Professor Prout and H. C. Banister. Of her 
 comi^ositions a Sclierzo for strings, harp, and 
 flute was performed at the Crystal Palace, 
 February 2-3, 1895. She has published Two 
 Sonatas for pf., op. 16; a Suite, and smaller 
 pieces. Also some music for organ, and songs. 
 She has in MS. two Symphonies, overtures, 
 an opera, and other works. 
 
 Chambers, Charles, organist and con 
 ductor. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1880 ; Mus. 
 Doc, 1887, Cambridge. F.R.C.O., 1877. Or- 
 ganist successively at St. Peter's, Newcastle- 
 on-Tyne, 1870-82 ; Jesmond Parish Church, 
 1882-90; All Saints', 1890-3; St. George's, 
 Cullercoats, 1893. Some time conductor of 
 Newcastle Harmonic Society. University 
 Exercises — (Bac.) Ps. 109, for soli, chorus, 
 strings, and organ ; (Doc.) Cantata, " The 
 Redeemer." Composer of a Concert over- 
 ture (Newcastle, 1887) ; offertory sentences, 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Chambers, Lucy, contralto vocalist, born 
 in Sydney, New South Wales, where her 
 father was a lawyer. Her early studies were 
 under Mrs. Logan, a cousin of W. Vincent 
 Wallace ; and, encouraged by Catherine Hayes, 
 at the time in Australia, she decided to adopt 
 the lyric stage as a profession. In January, 
 1862, she went to London, and studied under 
 Garcia ; then, proceeding to Italy, became a 
 pupil of Luigi Vannuccini, and Romani, at 
 Florence. After a year, she made her appear- 
 ance as Azucena, in II Trovatore, at the "Teatro 
 Pagliano. She was then engaged for two 
 seasons at La Scala, Milan, and while there 
 continued her studies with Lamperti. A gen- 
 eral tour of Europe followed, and in 1870 she 
 returned to Australia. There she had a long 
 career of unbroken success, her repertory 
 being extensive and varied. She formed an 
 Academy at Melbourne, and died in that city 
 in 1894. 
 
 Chambers, Robert, author and publisher, 
 a member of the well-known firm of W. and 
 R. Chambers, Edinburgh ; born 1802, died 
 1871 ; edited " The Songs of Scotland prior to 
 Burns, with the tunes," Edin., 18G2. 
 
 Champness, Samuel, bass singer, born 
 about 1730 ; died September, 1803. He was 
 a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, sang at the 
 principal concerts in London during the latter 
 half of the 18th century, and had a voice of 
 great richness, which was much admired. 
 
 Champneys, Francis Henry, amateur 
 composer, born at London, INIarch 25th, 1848. 
 Educated at Oxford, where he graduated M.A., 
 
 CHAPPEL. 
 
 1875. He studied music under Sir John Goss. 
 Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians. 
 Has conducted concerts, and is the composer 
 of hymns and other church music; "Rustic 
 coquette," ballet for four voices, etc. 
 
 Chaplin. The name of three sisters, in- 
 strumentalists of the present day. Nellie,^ 
 the eldest, is a pianist, born in London, and 
 musically educated at the London Academy 
 of Music, where, ani'^ng other distinctions, 
 she was awarded the silver medal presented 
 by the Society of Arts. Later, she studied 
 the Deppe method with Frl. Elise Timm, at 
 Hamburg. In 1893 she established a piano- 
 forte school in London, and chiefly devotes 
 herself to tuition. Miss Chaplin is known as 
 a performer, and commenced giving concerts 
 in 1882. She has played, with success, in 
 London and the provinces, and, with her 
 sisters, gained some reputation for the Chap- 
 lin trio. Kate Chaplin, violinist, born in 
 Loudon, was also trained at the London 
 Academy, under Mr. Pollitzer, having pre- 
 viously received lessons from Miss Dunbar 
 Perkins. As a very youthful performer she 
 appeared at Mr. George Gear's concert, St. 
 George's Hall, May 2nd, 1882 ; and since then 
 has played at many concerts, in London, and 
 the principal cities of the United Kingdom. 
 In 1892, she went to Brussels, to study under 
 Eugen Ysaye, and in January, 1893, had the 
 honour, with her sister Nellie, of playing 
 before the Queen, at Osborne, receiving the 
 Royal compliments, and souvenirs of the 
 event. The youngest sister, Mabel Chaplin, 
 violoncellist, received her first lessons from 
 Mr. John Boatwright, of the Philharmonic 
 Orchestra ; and entering the London Academy, 
 becameapupil of Signer Pezze. Subsequently 
 she studied at the Brussels Conservatoire, 
 under Edouard Jacobs, gaining, in 1893, the 
 first prize, with distinction, for violoncello 
 playing, being the first English girl to carry 
 off that honour. She had for some time 
 taken part in the concerts given by her 
 sisters ; but gave her first concert, with 
 Emil Sauer, in the Queen's Hall, IMarcli 28, 
 1895. 
 
 Chapman, Rev. James, author. Wrote 
 " The music, or melody and rhythmus of 
 language, with the five accidents of speech, 
 and a musical notation," Edinburgh, 1818. 
 
 Chapman, T., musician. Published the 
 " Young gentleman and ladies' musical com- 
 panion," 1772-74. Two vols. 
 
 Chappell, William, writer and antiquary, 
 was born in London, November 20th, 1809. 
 Brought up in music publishing business 
 with his father. Engaged in musical anti- 
 quarian studies. Founded (with others) the 
 Percy Society in 1840, and the Musical Anti- 
 quarian Society in 1840. F.S.A., 1840. 
 Partner in the firm of Cramer & Co., 1848. 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 85 
 
 CH APPLE. 
 
 Treasurer of the Camden Society, etc. Was 
 ■connected with a numher of learned and 
 antiquarian societies. He died at Loudon, 
 August 20, 1888. 
 
 Works. — A collection of national English 
 airs, consisting of ancient song, ballad, and 
 dance tuues, interspersed with remarks and 
 anecdotes, and preceded by an essay on 
 English minstrelsy ; the airs harmonized for 
 the pianoforte by Dr. Crotch, G. A. Macfarren, 
 and J. A. Wade. London, 4to. part I., 1838 ; 
 II., 1839 ; III., 1840. Popular music of the 
 olden time : a collection of ancient songs, 
 ballads, and dance tunes, illustrative of the 
 national music of England, etc. London, 
 Cramer, 2vols. [1845-59]. OldEnglish ditties, 
 London, 2 vols., n.d. History of music, art, 
 and science, from the earliest records to the 
 fall of the Roman Empire, with exj^lanations 
 of ancient systems of music, musical instru- 
 ments, and of the true physiological basis for 
 the science of music, whether ancient or 
 modern, vol. I., London, 1874, all published. 
 Edited works (collections of ancient poetry) 
 for the Ballad, Percy, and Camden Societies. 
 A new edition of his " Popular IMusic " was 
 issued as "Old English popular music," in 1893, 
 edited by H. Ellis Woolridge. This corrects a 
 number of the statements concerning Scots 
 music, which, in his anxiety to prove that 
 England possessed an immense wealth of folk 
 music, Chappell advanced without sufhcient 
 proof. Further proofs of ]\Ir. Chappell's 
 want of care in the presentation of evidence 
 have been gathered by Mr. John Glen, and 
 will be published soon. 
 
 Chappie, Samuel, organist and com- 
 poser. Was born at Crediton, Devon, 1775. 
 He was blind from childhood ; but after 
 studying the pianoforte he became organist 
 at Ashburton, 1795-1833. He died at Ash- 
 burton, October 3, 1833. 
 
 Works. — Five songs and a glee, op. 3 ; Six 
 anthems in score, figured for the organ or pi., 
 op. 4 ; A second set of six anthems in score, 
 op. 5 ; A third set of six aiithems and twelve 
 psalm tunes in score, op. 6 ; The eighteen 
 anthems, republished. Three sonatas for 
 the pf. ; Six songs with pf. accompaniment ; 
 Anthem for the coronation of George IV. ; 
 Single pf. pieces; Single glees, anthems, and 
 songs. 
 
 Chard, George William, composer and 
 organist, was born in 1765. He studied under 
 Robert Hudson in the choir of St. Paul's. 
 Lay-clerk at Winchester Cathedral, 1788, and 
 organi-t of the Cathedral in succession to 
 Peter Fussell, 1802. Organist of Winchester 
 College, 1832. Doc. Mus., Cambridge, 1812. 
 He died at Winchester, May 23, 1849. 
 
 Works. — Anthems: Happy is the man; 
 Is there not an appointed time ? ; Lord we 
 beseech ; To celebrate Thy praise. Services. 
 
 CHERRY. 
 
 Chants in Bennett and Marshall's collection. 
 Songs : Twelve glees for three, four, and five 
 voices. London [1811] . 
 
 Charde, John, composer of the 16th cen- 
 tury. In 1518-19 he graduated Mus. Bac. 
 Oxford, for which he composed a mass in five 
 parts. This was the first composition in so 
 many parts written by a bachelor for a degree 
 exercise. He composed other masses. 
 
 Charke, Richard, violinist and composer 
 of middle of 18th century. He married Char- 
 lotte Cibber, whom he illtreated, and from 
 whom he soon separated. Notable as the first 
 to compose medley overtures. He died in 
 Jamaica of disorders brouglit on by dissipated 
 habits. 
 
 Charlesworth, J. J., musician, compiler 
 of " Fifty Select Tunes carefully adapted to 
 tlie best part of the first 96 Psalms ..." 
 London, 1796. 
 
 Charlton, R., author, published "Rem- 
 iniscences and biographical sketches of 
 ]\Iusicians." Lincoln, 1836. 
 
 Chatfield, Mrs. Henry, see Large, 
 Eliza R. 
 
 Chatterton, John Balsir, harpist and 
 composer, was born at Portsmouth, where his 
 father, John Chatterton, was a teacher of 
 mnsic, in 1802. He studied under Bochsa 
 and Labarre, and became Professor of the 
 harp at R.A.M. Harpist to the Queen, etc. 
 He died at London, April, 1871. 
 
 Works. — Numerous transcriptions from 
 popular operas for the harp ; Songs with harp 
 and pf. accomp., etc. 
 
 His brother Frederick was also a liarpist 
 and composer. He was born in 1814, and 
 died at London in March, 1894. His daughter 
 Josephine made her first appearance as a 
 harpist at Willis' Rooms on June 3, 1857. 
 She lived for some years in America, and 
 established a school for the harp at Chicago 
 in 1892. In December, 1895, she appeared 
 again in London. 
 
 Cheese, Griffith James, organist and 
 writer, was born on May 2, 1751. He was 
 organist at Leominster and teacher in London. 
 Author of " Practical rules for playing and 
 teaching the pianoforte and organ, likewise 
 useful information to teachers and pupils born 
 blind, op. 3," London [1806]. Songs, etc. 
 He died on November 10, 1804. 
 
 Chell, William, writer and musician, was 
 lay-vicar and precentor at Hereford Cathedral 
 in 1554. Mus. Bac , Oxford, 1524. Preben- 
 dary of Eigne, 1532, and East Withington 
 154;5. He left two treatises entitled " Musicae 
 Practicce Compendium" and "De Proportion- 
 ibus Musicis," which are said to be transcrip- 
 tions from the works of John Dunstable, etc. 
 
 Cherry, John William, composer and 
 teacher, born London, December 10, 1824. 
 Self-educated in theory and on Pianoforte. 
 
86 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 CHESHIRE. 
 
 He died in London, January, 1889. Has 
 composed over 1,000 pieces, of which the fol- 
 lowing are the best known : — 
 
 Works. — Will-o'-the-wisp ; Shells of ocean ; 
 Beautiful leaves; The Blacksmith; How beau- 
 tiful is the sea ; My village home ; Monarch 
 of the woods ; Estelle ; Gentle Spring ; Sweet 
 Annie; The Invitation ; Silently, silently over 
 the sea ; Trees of the forest ; Upon the lonely 
 shore; Wanton breezes, whither going; Down 
 by the sea ; Fair Glen Lochry ; Home again 
 to England ; Seventh day ; Spirit of the 
 whirlpool ; Breathe soft, summer wind ; Sum- 
 mer twilight ; Come with me to Fairyland. 
 Duets — Elfin revels; Hark! there's music 
 stealing ; Let us roam away, etc. Pf. music, 
 dances, etc. 
 
 Cheshire, John, harpist and composer, 
 born in Birmingham, March 28, 1839. Com- 
 menced playing the harp when four years of 
 age. Studied at R.A.M., 1852-55, and after- 
 wards under G. A. Macfarren and J. B. Chat- 
 terton. Played at a concert of the Society of 
 British Musicians, February 27, 1855, after 
 which he was presented with a fine harp by 
 the Messrs. Erat. In that year he was ap- 
 pointed harpist at the Royal Italian Opera ; 
 and, in 1865, principal harpist at Her Majesty's 
 Theatre. Travelled m South America, 1858-61 ; 
 Norway and Sweden, 1879. Has been heard 
 in the principal concerts in the United King- 
 dom. From about 1887 resident in America; 
 harpist to the National Opera Company 
 there, 1888. His compositions include an 
 opera, "Diana," written in Brazil; Cantatas: 
 " The King and the Maiden " (book by Arthur 
 Matthison), performed St. James's Hall, April 
 20, 1866; "The Buccaneers," 1886. Three 
 overtures for orchestra. These, excepting the 
 Buccaneers, remain in MS. He has pub- 
 lished for the harp— Six Romances; Album 
 of twenty-four pieces, etc. A Duet in B fiat, 
 and a number of jsieces fur pf. ; Songs — Cupid 
 the conqueror; The withered violet, etc., etc. 
 In 1871 he married Miss Maria ]\Iatilda 
 Baxter, an excellent pianist, who appeared 
 with success at many of his concerts. 
 
 Chetham, Rev. John, musician and cler- 
 gyman, born about 1700. He was master 
 of the Clerk's School, Skipton, in 1737, and 
 curate of Skipton 17.39. He died at Skipton 
 in August, 1763. Issued "A Book of Psalmody, 
 all set in four parts," 1718 : 2nd ed., (?) ; 3rd, 
 1724 ; 4th, 1731 ; 5th, 1736 ; 8th, 1752 ; 9th, 
 1767; 10th, 1779; 11th, Leeds, 1787 ; of which 
 an enlarged and revised edition by Houlds- 
 worth was published at London in 1832, and 
 Halifax in 1868. 
 
 Chevalier, Albert Onesime Britanni = 
 cus Gwathveoyd Louis, comedian, and 
 lyric author, born at Netting Hill, London, 
 March 21, 1862. Displayed histrionic talent 
 at an early age, and appeared in farce at the 
 
 CHILD. 
 
 Prince of Wales' Theatre, Tottenham Street, 
 Sept. 29, 1877, as Mr. Knight. From 1878 to 
 1887 he was on tour with Mr. and Mrs. Ken- 
 dal, Mr. Hare, and other combinations, in 
 "Diplomacy," and various dramas. Later, he 
 came out as an entertainer, and in 1890 sang 
 in comic opera at tlie Avenue Theatre. It 
 was February 5, 1891, that he made his first 
 appearance as a music-hall performer, at the 
 New London Pavilion. His success was phe- 
 nomenal, and has lasted ever since. His 
 matinees in the provinces have attracted large 
 and enthusiastic audiences, and " The Cos- 
 ter's Laureate," " The Kipling of the Music- 
 hall," has been everywhere recognised as an 
 artist. In 1896, he visited America. Besides 
 his songs, he has written several pieces for the 
 stage. His brother, Auguste, under the nomcle 
 plume of Charles Ingle, supplies most of his 
 music. Assisted by Bryan Daly, he has written 
 " Albert Chevalier ; a Record by himself," 
 London, Macqueen, 1895. Among the best 
 known of his songs, composed by his brother, 
 John Crook, and others, may be named 
 "Knocked 'em in the Old Kent Road"; 
 " Future Mrs. 'Awkins" ; "Coster's serenade"; 
 "My Old Dutch," etc. 
 
 Cheyne, Edwin, Scottish author, pub- 
 lished " The Amateur's Vocal Guide and 
 voice trainer . . . Glasgow, 1879. 
 
 Chilcot, Thomas, composer and organist, 
 was born about the beginning of the 18th 
 century. He was organist of Abbey Church, 
 Bath, 1733, and died at Bath, in November, 
 1766. Chilcot is chiefly noted as having been 
 the master of Thomas Linley. He composed 
 six concertos for the harpsichord, with 4 
 violins, viola, violoncello and basso ripieno, 
 London, 1756. two sets ; Twelve English 
 songs, the words by Shakespeare and other 
 celebrated poets [1745] ; single songs, glees, 
 etc. 
 
 Child, William, composer and organist, 
 was born at Bristol, in 1606. He studied 
 under Elway Bevin, as chorister in Bristol 
 Cathedral. Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1631. Organist 
 of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 1632. One 
 of organists of Chapel Royal, London. Chanter 
 of Chapel Royal, 1660. Member of King's 
 private band, and composer to the King in 
 1661. Doc. Mus., Oxon., July, 1663. He died 
 at Windsor, March 23, 1697, and is buried in 
 St. George's Chapel. 
 
 Works. — The first set of Psalmes of 3 
 voyces, fitt for private chappells, with a con- 
 tinued bass either for the organ or theorbo, 
 composed after the Italian way, London, 1639 
 (2nd edit., 1650). Divine anthems and vocal 
 compositions to several pieces of poetry, Lon- 
 don ; Service in D (Boyce") ; Service in E 
 (Boyce) ; Praise the Lord, my soul, anthem ; 
 O Lord, grant the King, anthem ; O pray for 
 the peace of Jerusalem, anthem ; Sing we 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 87 
 
 CHILLEY. 
 
 merrily, anthem ; Services in G, P, and A 
 minor ; Court Ayres (a volume of secular 
 vocal music) ; Catches and Canons, etc. 
 
 Child's compositions are very simple in 
 general style, and approximate in character 
 to the productions of a century later. " At 
 times, however, as in his service in D, 
 his harmony was rich, glowing, and closely 
 worked. Some few of his full anthems, with- 
 out any great depth of science or elevation of 
 genius, possess a great degree of warmth, and 
 exhibit imagination." He paved at his own 
 expense the body of Windsor Chapel. 
 
 Chilley, Charles, tenor vocalist, born in 
 London (Fimlico). He was educated at the 
 Albert Memorial College, Framlingham, and 
 then was for several years in an office, fre- 
 quently singing in concerts as an amateur. 
 Eventually he entered the Guildhall School 
 of Music, and became a pupil of the late 
 J. B. Welch. He sang at the Crystal Palace, 
 in Mendelssohn's Walpurgis Nacht, 1883 ; at 
 a concert of Mr. Willing's choir, 1884 ; and 
 since then has been heard at the principal 
 London and provincial concerts, having been 
 on tour with Madame Albani, and others. 
 
 Chilmead, Edmund, scholar and mu- 
 sician, was born at Stow-in-the-Wold, Glou- 
 cester, 1611. Clerk of Magdalen College, 
 Oxford. Canon of Christ Church, 1632. 
 Resided with Este the musician, in London, 
 1648. He died at London in 1654. Wrote 
 " De Musica Antiqua Grteca," printed at the 
 end of the Oxford edition of " Aratus," 1672. 
 He gave concerts in London, and drew up a 
 catalogue of the Greek MSS. in the Bodleian 
 library. " He was well versed in the old 
 music, and was the best qualified at that time 
 .... to enter upon this subject." — Hearnc. 
 
 Chinn, Francis Farrant, composer and 
 organist ; born in 1813, died at Liverpool, 
 April 29, 1868. Composer of glees and 
 songs. " Harvest home, a pastoral glee." 
 Liverpool [1844] is one of his best works. 
 
 Chipp, Edmund Thomas, composer 
 and organist; was born at London, December 
 25, 1823. Son of Thomas Paul Chipp, the 
 well-known performer on the kettledrums and 
 harp. Chorister in Chapel Royal under 
 William Hawes. He studied the violin under 
 W. Thomas, J. B. Nadaud, etc., 1832-40. 
 Organist (voluntary) of Albany Chapel, 
 Regent's Park, London, 1843-6. Member of 
 H. M. private baud, as violinist, 1843-55. 
 Organist St. John's Chapel, Downshire Hill, 
 Hampstead, 1846-7; St. Olave's, Southwark 
 (in succession to H. J. Gauntlett), 1847-52 ; 
 St. Mary-at-Hill, East-Cheap, 1852-6 ; Royal 
 Panopticon (in succession to W. T. Best), 
 1855 ; Holy Trinity Church, Paddington (in 
 succession to C. E Stephens), 1856-62. Mus. 
 Bac. Cantab., March 17th, 1859. Mus. Doc, 
 do., June 21st, 1860. Organist Ulster Hall, 
 
 CHIVERS. 
 
 and St. George's Church, Belfast, 1862-6. 
 Conductor of the Anacreontic, Classical Har- 
 monists, and Vocal Union Societies, Belfast. 
 Organist of Kinnaird Hall, Dundee, Feb. -Nov., 
 1866; St. Paul's, Edinburgh, May to Nov., 
 1866. Organist, and Masier of Choristers, 
 Ely Cathedral, November, 1866. Was also 
 member of the Royal Italian Opera, the 
 Philharmonic, and Sacred Harmonic So- 
 ciety Bands. He died at Nice, December 
 17, 1886. 
 
 Works. — Job, an Oratorio, for solo voices, 
 chorus, and orchestra; Naomi, a Sacred Idyll, 
 for solo voices, chorus, and orchestra. IMusic 
 for the Church Service and home circle, 
 containing 10 Sentences, 24 single and 41 
 double Chants, 4 Te Deums, 2 Jubilate, 
 2 Benedictus, 1 Te Deum in unison, 2 Sanctus, 
 12 Kyrie, 4 Gloria, 2 Magnincat, Nunc Dim- 
 ittis, 4 Cantate Domine, Deus Misereatur, and 
 108 Church Melodies, in short, common, long, 
 and irregular measures, by various authors. 
 Te Deum, Jubilate, Sanctus and Kyrie in D; 
 Church Service in A ; Te Deum in D ; Gloria 
 for male voices. Three Studies for the Organ, 
 op. 7 ; Introduction and six variations upon 
 Handel's Harmonious blacksmith, for organ ; 
 Do. and seven variations on God preserve the 
 Emperor, for organ; Lord of all power and 
 might, anthem ; Part-songs ; Songs, and 
 miscellaneous Church and chamber music. 
 
 Chipp, Thomas Paul, English harpist, 
 father of the foregoing, was born in London, 
 May 23, 1793, and died on June 19, 1870. 
 He was well-known as a drum player and 
 harpist, and as a leading performer at all the 
 principal festivals. He retired in 1S6G. His 
 compositions include a string quintet in E 
 minor, 1836 ; quartet, 1845 ; Fantasias, etc., 
 for harp. 
 
 Chisholm, James, commonly called IMar- 
 quis Chisholm, musician and entertainer, born 
 Neilston, Renfrew, about 1837 ; died Toronto, 
 Canada, December, 1877. He was a fair 
 pianist, and travelled much in Australia, Asia, 
 Scotland, and America with a Chinese giant 
 named Chang. He comi^osed the somewhat 
 vulgar song entitled " The Battle of Stirling," 
 which has been frequently parodied in Scot- 
 land, and published " The Adventures of a 
 travelling musician in Australia, China, and 
 Japan," Glasgow, 1865, reprinted from the 
 Glasgow Herald. He also published " Gems 
 of Scottish melody " [1869], and the " Chin- 
 Chin-Chang" Galop; " Great Chang Polkas," 
 and similar works. 
 
 Chisney, E., author of a work entitled 
 "Concertina Instruction," London, 1853. 
 
 Chivers. G. M. S., musician and dancing- 
 master of first half of the present century. 
 He published a number of works, among which 
 may be named — Recueil de danses Espag- 
 noles, or Spanish country dances, arranged 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 CHOPE. 
 
 for pf., Loudon, 1819 ; First set of Cliive- 
 rian quadrilles [1820] , New set of centre 
 dances ; The Modern dancing-master, Lon- 
 don, 1822, etc. 
 
 Chope, Richard Robert, clergyman and 
 musician, born September, 1830. Vicar of 
 St. Augustine's, South Kensington. Editor 
 of "Hymn and Tune Book," 1857-62;" 
 " Choir and Musical Record," 1862 ; Versicles, 
 Canticles, Litany. Psalter (Gregorian), 1862. 
 Choral Communion (Marbecke, etc.), 186.3. 
 Carols for use in Church, 1868-76. Easter 
 and Harvest Carols, 1884. 
 
 Chorley, Henry Fothergill, musician, 
 journalist, general writer, etc., was born at 
 Blackley Hurst, near Billinge, Lancashire, 
 December 15th, 1808. Brought up for mer- 
 cantile life. Commenced connection with 
 the " Athenseum," 1830. Member of the 
 " Atheufeum " staff, 1833-1871. He died at 
 London, February 16, 1872. 
 
 Works. — Sketches of a sea-port town, 3 vols., 
 1835 (novel) ; Couti the discarded, a novel, 
 3 vols., 1835 ; Memorials of Mrs. Hemans, 
 
 2 vols., 1836; The Lion, a tale of the coteries, 
 
 3 vols., 1839 ; Music and manners in France 
 and Germany, 3 vols., London, 1841 ; Pom- 
 fret, a novel, 1845; Old love and new fortune, 
 a play, 1850 ; Modern German music, recollec- 
 tions and criticisms, London, 3 vols., 1854 ; 
 Roccabella, a novel, 1859 ; Thirty years' 
 musical recollections, London, 2 vols., 1862 ; 
 Prodigy, a tale of inusic, London, 3 vols., 
 1866; Handel studies, 2 parts, 1859; National 
 music of the world, edited by H. G. Hewlett, 
 1880 ; Librettos for Wallace's Amber Witch ; 
 Bennett's May Queen, etc. ; Translations of 
 Mercadante's Elena da Feltre ; Cimarosa's 
 II Matrimonio segreto ; Harold's Zampa ; 
 Auber's Hayd6e ; Mendelssohn's Son and 
 Stranger, etc. 
 
 Chorley was too many-sided ever to attain 
 great distinction in any one of the numerous 
 walks he attempted. His musical writings 
 possess greater literary merit than most of 
 the English work of the same period, but the 
 judgments formed in them, esi^ecially with 
 regard to Mendelssohn, have long since been 
 overturned. His " Autobiography, Memoir, 
 and Letters," edited by Henry G. Hewlett, 
 was published in London, 2 vols., 1873, with 
 a photograph. 
 
 Christie, William, violinistand composer, 
 was born about 1778, and died 1819. He re- 
 sided at Cuminestown, Monquhitter, Aber- 
 deenshire, as a dancing-master and teacher. 
 Composer of a " Collection of Keels, etc." 
 Edinburgh. 
 
 His son William was born at IMonquhitter 
 in 1817, and died at Bellie, near Fochabers, 
 December 12, 1885. He studied at Aberdeen 
 University, and was ordained in 1839 as in- 
 cumbent of the Scottish Episcopal Church 
 
 CIANCHETTINI. 
 
 of Arradoul and Buckie. In 1861 he was 
 appointed Dean of the United Diocese of 
 Moray, Ross, and Caithness. He compiled 
 "Traditional Ballad Airs, arranged and har- 
 monised for the Pianoforte and Harmonium, 
 from copies procured in the counties of Aber- 
 deen, Banff, and Moray, by W. Christie, M.A., 
 and the late William Christie, Monquhitter, 
 edited by W. Christie, M.A., Dean of Moray," 
 etc. Edinburgh, 2 vols., 1876-81. A very 
 handsome and interesting work, containing a 
 number of previously uncollected airs. 
 
 Church, John, composer, born at Windsor 
 in 1675. He was a chorister of St. John's 
 College, Oxford. Gentleman of Chapel Royal, 
 1696. Liay -vicar Westminster Abbey ; Choir- 
 master, 1704-41. He died at Westminster, 
 January 6, 1741. Author of an " Introduction 
 to Psalmody, containing useful Instructions 
 for young Beginners, explained in a familiar 
 and easie manner," London, 1723. Service 
 in F, in Ouseley's " Cathedral Services." An- 
 thems. Four chants in Vandernan's " Divine 
 Harmony." Songs, etc. 
 
 Churchill, William, pianist and com- 
 poser, who flourished in London at the end 
 of last and beginning of the present century. 
 He wrote a number of works for his instru- 
 ment, including Three Sonatas for pf. and 
 violin ; Six Duos for 2 violins, op. 2 ; Six 
 Duos for violin and alto ; Ten Progressive 
 Lessons for pf., op. 5 and 10. Six trios, four for 
 a violin, tenor and violoncello obligato, and 
 two for two violins and violoncello obligato, 
 op. 1 [1780] ; Favorite Sonata for the harp- 
 sichord [1785] . Another musician of this 
 name, probably a relative, was Joseph Church- 
 ill, who issued " A selection of Cathedral 
 Chants," London [1841] . Songs, dance music, 
 etc. 
 
 Churchyard, Thomas, poet and musician, 
 who flourished during the IGth century. 
 Wrote "The Commendation of Musyke by 
 Churchyarde," 1562. For other works see 
 Hazlitt's " Handbook of Poetical Literature," 
 1867. 
 
 Cianchettini Pio, composer, was born 
 at London, December 11, 1779. Son of Fran- 
 cesco Cianchettini. Appeared as infant pro- 
 digy, 1804. Travelled through Germany, Hol- 
 land, and France. Returned to London, 1805. 
 Accompanist and conductor to Catalani. 
 Teacher and composer in London. He died 
 at Cheltenham, July 20, 1851. 
 
 Works. — Pope's Ode to Solitude. Sixty 
 Italian Catches, for two, three, and four 
 voices (Martini), edited. Cantata for two 
 voices from " Milton's Paradise Lost." " Take, 
 O take those lips away," song. Music by 
 Mozart, and Beethoven, edited, and a large 
 number of fantasias, concertos, rondos, diverti- 
 mentos, etc., for pf. His mother was 
 Veronica Rosalie Dussek (1779-1833), sister 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 89 
 
 GIBBER. 
 
 of J. L. Dussek, and his sister, Veronica 
 Elisabeth Cianchettini, was a composer of 
 overtures, rondos, sonatas, waltzes, etc. 
 
 Cibber, Susanna Maria, born Arnb, 
 soprano vocalist, Ijorn London, February, 1714. 
 Sister of Thomas A. Arne, under whom she 
 studied music. She first appeared in Lampe's 
 " Amelie," in 1732. Married to Thomas Gib- 
 ber in 1734. She appeared as an actress in 
 Hill's " Zara," in 1736, and afterwards sang 
 at concerts in London and elsewhere. Died, 
 London, January 30, 1766. 
 
 Clagget, Charles, musician, born Lon- 
 don, 1755. Was a violinist, and acted as 
 leader at a theatre in Dublin. Invented 
 various instruments, 1776-90, which he exhib- 
 ited in London in 1791. He died in 1820. 
 
 Works. — Six duos for 2 flutes ; Six duos 
 for two violins ; Six duos for violin and vio- 
 loncello, op. 6. Musical Phseiiomena : -an 
 Organ made without pipes, strings, bells or 
 glasses, the only instrument in the world that 
 will never require to be retuned. A cromatic 
 trumpet, capable of producing just intervals 
 and regular melodies in all keys, without 
 undergoing any change whatever. A French 
 horn, answering the above description of the 
 trumpet. London, 1793. 
 
 Clagget, Walter, English composer and 
 pianist, who lived in latter half of the 18th 
 century. He gave concerts in Norwich and 
 London. 
 
 Works. — A New Medley overture, consist- 
 ing entirely of Scots tunes and thirty-six of 
 the most favourite Scots airs . . . for 2 violins 
 or 2 German flutes and a violoncello. Six 
 solos and six Scots airs, with variations for 
 the viola or violoncello, op. 2. Discourse on 
 Musick, to be delivered at Clagget's Attic 
 Gonsort, October 31, 1793. 
 
 Clapham, Jonathan, clergyman and au- 
 thor. Rector of Wramplingham, Norfolk, in 
 the 17th century. He wrote " A short and 
 full vindication of that sweet and comfortable 
 ordinance of singing of Psalms," London, 
 1656. 
 
 Clare, Edward, organist and author, who 
 died [London] April 9th, 1869. Issued "An- 
 alysis of practical Thorough-bass," London 
 [1835] . A sinaple guide for chanting, for the 
 use of amateurs . . . , London, n.d. He com- 
 posed a large number of ballads, transcriptions 
 for pf., etc. 
 
 Claribel, see Barnard, Mrs. 
 
 Clark, Rev. Frederick Scotson, organ- 
 ist and composer, born in London, November 
 16th, 1840. He studied under his mother 
 (a pupil of Mrs. Anderson and Chopin), and 
 the pianoforte and harmony under Sergent, 
 organist of Notre Dame. Organist of Regent 
 Square Church, London, 1855. Studied organ 
 under E. J. Hopkins; music at R.A.M., under 
 Bennett, Goss, Engel, Pinsuti, and Pettit. 
 
 CLARK. 
 
 Organist successively of a number of London 
 churches. Founded a College of Music in 
 London, 1865. He studied for the ministry 
 at Oxford, and became organist of Exeter 
 College, Oxford. Bac. Mus., Oxon., 1867. 
 Head master of St. Michael's Grammar School, 
 Brighton, 1867. Curate of Lewes, Sussex. For 
 a time he studied at Leipzig Conservatorium 
 under Richter, Reinecke, etc., and was assist- 
 ant in English church there. He also studied 
 under Lebcrt, Pruckner, and Kruger at Stutt- 
 gart. He returned to London, 1873, and 
 resumed his connection with the College or 
 London Organ School, 1875. Represented 
 English organ-playing at Paris Exhibition, 
 1878. He died at London, July 5, 1883. 
 
 Works. — Organ : Voluntaries ; Pastorale ; 
 Douce Pensee ; Andantes in F and D ; Melo- 
 dies in D, A, F, and E flat ; Postlude. 
 Marches : Anglaise, aux Flambeavix, des Fan- 
 tomes, des Girondins, des Jacobins, IMilitaire, 
 Belgian, Commemoration, Festal, Procession, 
 Roman, Russian, Vienna, etc. ; Communions 
 in D minor, F, C minor, A minor, G and E ; 
 Olfertoires in F, D, A, G, and G ; Meditation, 
 in B fiat; Fantasias in F, etc. ; Improvisations 
 in B flat, C, G, F ; Impromptus, prayers, 
 romances ; Gavottes ; Minuets, airs. Har- 
 monium: Voluntaries; Reverie, Gavotte, Ave 
 Maria, Songs. Meditation, in B flat, for 
 violin, harmonium and pf. Pianoforte : Chi- 
 nese march ; Indian march ; Turkish march, 
 etc. ; Mazurkas, polkas, galops, valses, and 
 minuets ; Barcarolles, studies, nocturnes, 
 melodies. Vocal: Kyrie Eleison and Sanctus 
 in E, from communion service No. 1 ; Do. 
 from No. 2 ; Magnificat and nunc Dimittis, 
 chant service in F. Cupid, part-song. Songs. 
 First steins in organ-playing, London(Augener), 
 n.d. ; First steps in harmonium-playing (Do.) 
 n.d. ; First steps in pianoforte-playing, do. 
 
 Clark, J. Moir=, composer, born at Aber- 
 deen. Studied at R.A.M. under E. Prout, 
 and later in Germany. He gave concerts in 
 Dresden, 1892, when several of his compo- 
 sitions were produced. Among his chief works 
 are a Scotch Suite, for orchestra, performed by 
 the Stock Exchange Orchestral Society at the 
 Queen's Hall, April 29, 1895. Quintet in F, 
 pf. and strings, Dresden, 1892 ; Princes' HaU 
 (Miss Dora Bright's concert), April 19, 1893; 
 and the ]Monday Popular Concerts, November 
 5th, 1894. He has also written a Suite, and 
 other pieces for flute and pf., produced by Mr. 
 F. Griffith, 1893 ; a Polonaise, violin and pf. ; 
 Variations on an original theme, pf., played 
 by Miss Dora Bright at her recital, January 
 30, 1889 — the first public performance of any 
 of bis works ; Pf. duets ; songs, etc. 
 
 Clark, Jeremiah, composer and organist, 
 born in London, 1669 [or earlier]. He studied 
 under Blow as a chorister in the Chapel 
 Royal. Organist of Winchester College, 1692- 
 
90 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 CLARK. 
 
 1695. Almoner and master of the Choristers of 
 St. Paul's Cathedral, London, 1693. Organist 
 and Vicar-Choral of vSt. Paul's, 1695 ; Gentle- 
 man of Chapel Royal, 1700. Joint organist 
 of Chapel Royal with Croft, 1704. He com- 
 mitted suicide by shooting himself in St. 
 Paul's churchyard, London, December 1, 1707. 
 
 Works. — Music to the following plays — 
 Antony and Cleopatra (Sedley), 1677; Fond 
 Husband, 1676; Titus Andronicus, 1687; 
 World in the Moon (with D. Purcell), 1697; 
 Campaigners, 1698 ; Island Princess (with D. 
 Purcell and Leveridge), 1699; All for the 
 better, 1702 ; The Committee, 1706. Odes- 
 Alexander's Feast, Dryden ; Ode in Praise of 
 the Island of Barbadoes. Services in G and 
 C minor. Anthems — Praise the Lord, Jeru- 
 salem ; How long wilt Thou forget me ? ; I 
 will love Thee, Lord ; Lord God of my 
 Salvation ; Bow down Thine Ear. Songs in 
 D'Urfey's " Pills to Purge Melancholy." The 
 Assumption, Cantata ; Lessons for the Harp- 
 sichord ; Ten Songs, op. 4 ; Secular music, 
 miscellaneous. 
 
 Clark is now best remembered by a few of 
 his anthems and the psalm-tune" St. Mag- 
 nus." His dramatic music is completely 
 forgotten, and none of his other secular works 
 are in use. 
 
 Clark, John, Scottish collector and vio- 
 linist of the 18th century. Published "Flores 
 Musicse, or the Scots Musician, being a general 
 collection of the most celebrated Scots Tunes, 
 Reels, Minuets, and Marches, adapted for the 
 Violin, Hautboy, or German Flute, with a 
 Bass for the violoncello or Harpsichord." 
 Edinburgh, 1773. 
 
 A musiciaia of the same name, probably the 
 same individual or a relative, published at 
 Perth " A Collection of new Strathspey reels 
 and country dances, with a bass for the vio- 
 loncello or harpsichord, dedicated to the 
 Musical Society of Perth," 1795. 
 
 Clark, Richard, writer and singer, grand- 
 son of John Sale, was born atDatchet, Bucks., 
 April 5, 1780. Chorister in St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor, under Aylward. Chorister 
 at Eton College, under S. Heather. Lay-Clerk 
 at St. George's Chapel, and Eton College, 
 1802-11. Secretary of the Glee Club. Lay- 
 Vicar of Westminster Abbey and Vicar-Choral 
 of St. Paul's, 1811. Gentleman of Chapel 
 Royal, 1820. He died at London, October 
 8, 1856. 
 
 Works. — Words of the most favourite pieces 
 performed at the Glee Club, Catch Club, and 
 other public societies, London, 1814. First 
 volume of poetry, revised, improved, and con- 
 siderably enlarged, containiiig the most favour- 
 ite pieces performed at the Glee Clubs, etc., 
 London, 1824. Continuation, 1833. An 
 account of the National Anthem entitled 
 " God save the King," etc., London, 1822. 
 
 CLARKE. 
 
 Reminiscences of Handel, His Grace the Duke 
 of Chandos, Powells the Harpers, The Har- 
 monious Blacksmith, and others, London, 
 1836. Reading and playing from score simpli- 
 fied, London, 1838. An examination into the 
 derivation, etymology, and definition of the 
 word " Madrigale," London, 1852. On the 
 sacred oratorio of " The Messiah " previous 
 to the death of G. F. Handel, 1759, London, 
 1852. An address to the directors of the 
 Ancient Concerts on the high pitch of the 
 scale, London, 1845. Glees, anthems, chants, 
 etc. 
 
 Clark, Thomas, musician, born at Can- 
 terbury, 1775 ; died there. May 30th, 1859. 
 He was conductor of music at the Wesleyan 
 Chapel, and latterly of the Unitarian Chapel, 
 Canterbury. He published " The Union 
 Harmonist, a selection of sacred music," 1841. 
 " The Union Tune Book, a selection of tunes- 
 and chants suitable for use in congregations 
 and Sunday schools," London [1842] . Psalm 
 and hymn tunes, n.d. Composer of "Cred- 
 iton," and other hymn tunes. 
 
 Clark, Windeyer, organist, pianist, and 
 composer. Began his studies in a Tonic Sol- 
 fa class. He entered the London Academy 
 of Music, studying under Dr. Wylde, and 
 afterwards took organ lessons from J. W. Ell- 
 iott. From about 1877 he became amanuensis 
 to Sir G. A. Macfarren, whose later oratorios 
 he took down from dictation, and also played 
 to the Cainbridge Professor the Degree exer- 
 cises sent in. Held organ appointments at- 
 St. Philip's, Paddington ; Curzon Chapel, 
 Mayfair ; and Westbourne Grove Chapel. 
 Gave frequent recitals, for some of which 
 Macfarren wrote organ pieces. In 1889 he 
 was made L.R.A.M. He composed some 
 pieces for pf., and arranged the scores of Mac- 
 farren's " ]\Iay Day," Haydn's " Creation," 
 Mozart's First j\iass, and IMendelssohn's 
 " Lauda Zion," for pianoforte and harmonium. 
 Joint translator, with J. T. Hutchinson, of 
 Gounod's commentary on " Don Giovanni," 
 London, Cocks & Co., 1895. He died of con- 
 sumption, June 13, 1896, at the early age of 
 thirty-se\en. 
 
 Clarke, Charles E. J., organist and 
 composer, born at Worcester, 1796. He was 
 a chorister in Worcester Cathedral. Organist 
 successively of Durham Cathedral, 1812, and 
 Worcester Cathedral, 1814. Conductor of the 
 Worcester Festival from 1815 (when only 
 nineteen years of age), to 1839. Ill health 
 compelled him to relinquish the task in 1842, 
 when Joseph Surman was appointed conductor. 
 Died at Worcester, April 27, 1844. 
 
 Clarke, Frederick 'William, composer, 
 born in 1852; died in 1883. He graduated 
 Mus. Bac. Oxford in 1880. Composer of Re- 
 veries, polonaises, gavottes, etc., for pf. ; Songs 
 and other vocal music. An Album of his 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 91 
 
 CLARKE. 
 
 songs, edited by Rev. W. Mann,, Precentor of 
 Bristol Cathedral, and Charles South, organist 
 of Salisbury Cathedral, was published, In 
 Meinoriam, by Novello and Co., 1885. 
 
 Clarke, James, writer and teacher, born 
 at London, 1793 ; died at Leeds, 1859. Author 
 of a " Catechism of Wind Instruments, con- 
 taining explanations of the scale and compass 
 of each instrument, and x^articular directions 
 for writing the parts of flutes, clarinets, etc.," 
 London, n.d. "Instruction Book for Chil- 
 dren on the Pianoforte," London, n.d. "The 
 Child's Alphabet of Music," London, n.d. 
 " Exercises in Harmony, designed to facilitate 
 the study of the Theory of ]\Iusic and the 
 Practice of Thorough Bass, London, 1832 
 (pub. in 24 nos). " Catechism of the Rudi- 
 ments of Music," London, n.d. "New School 
 of IMusic, combining the Practice of Singing 
 with that of the Pianoforte," London, n.d. 
 
 Clarke, James Hamilton Smee, com- 
 poser and conductor, born in Birmingham, 
 January 25, 1840. His father was an amateur 
 organist, and encouraged his son's musical 
 studies, but did not intend him to follow the 
 art as a profession. At twelve he was organist 
 of St. Matthew's, Duddeston, and at fifteen 
 was sent as pupil to an analytical chemist, 
 but gave that up and was articled to a land 
 surveyor, 1855-61. At the expiration of his 
 articles he entered the musical profession, 
 and obtained (1862) a post as organist of Par- 
 sonstown Parish Church, Ireland, changing, 
 a year later, to Zion Church, Rathgar, Dublin. 
 While here he joined the Dublin Philharmonic 
 orchestra as first violin, and frequently as- 
 sisted Dr. Stewart at Christchurch Cathedral. 
 In 1864 he was appointed conductor of the 
 Belfast Anacreontic Society, and organist of 
 Caremony Church. This year he won the 
 first prize offered by the then recently estab- 
 lished College of Organists for an anthem. 
 He was appointed organist of Queen's College, 
 Oxford, in June, 1866, after holding office a 
 few months at Llandaff Cathedral, and gradu- 
 ated Mus. Bac, 1867. During his five years' 
 residence in this city he conducted the 
 Queen's College Musical Society, and played 
 the clarinet at several College concerts. He 
 was organist of Kensington Parish Church, 
 1871, and succeeded (Sir) Arthur Sullivan at 
 St. Peter's, South Kensington, in 1872. From 
 this time he turned his attention to the 
 theatre, and was conductor at the Opera 
 Conaique, Comedy, Toole's, Gaiety, and other 
 houses ; conductor of the D'Oyly Carte Com- 
 pany in the provinces, 1878, and of various 
 concert parties. From 1878, for some years, he 
 was musical director at the Lyceum Theatre, 
 and composed music for several dramas pro- 
 duced by (Sir) Henry Irving. In 1889 he was 
 appointed conductor of the Victorian National 
 Orchestra, returning from Australia in 1891. 
 
 CLARKE. 
 
 While there he acted as inspector of military 
 bands, and had the honorary rank of Captain 
 conferred upon him. In 1893 he accepted the 
 post of principal conductor of the Carl Rosa 
 Conapany. He is now resident in London. 
 His published works are nearly four hundred 
 in number, and can only be outlined in the 
 subjoined list. He contributed an important 
 series of papers to Musical Society, 1886-7. 
 
 WoBKS. — Dramatic • Incidental music to 
 Hamlet, 1878 ; IMercbant of Venice, 1879 ; 
 Eugene Aram, 1879 ; The Iron Chest (partly 
 from Storace), 1879 ; The Corsican Brothers, 
 1880; The Cup (Tennyson, 1881) ; King Lear, 
 1892; and Cymbeline, 1896; all for the Lyceum 
 Theatre, under Henry Irving. Music to Vit- 
 toria Contanari, and other dramas. Com- 
 ediettas and operettas for the German Reed 
 Entertainments ; Martial Law ; Castle Both- 
 erem, 1880 ; A pretty Bequest, etc. School 
 Cantatas and Operettas : Daisy Chain ; Horn- 
 pipe Harry, op. 858, etc. Sacred Cantata : 
 Praise, op. 68 ; Ode to Indastry, op. 90 ; The 
 Lord is my Light, anthem in 8 x^arts, op. 44 
 (College of Organists' Prize, 1864) ; many an- 
 thems. Church services, songs, part-songs, etc. 
 Orchestral : Symphony, No. 1, in P (Exhib- 
 ition Concerts, Albert Hall, August, 1873) ; 
 No. 2, in G minor, op. 122 (Promenade Con- 
 certs, Covent Garden, 1879) ; six overtures, 
 and other pieces. Concerto, pf. and orchestra, 
 op. 78 ; Quartets, strings ; Quartet, i^f. and 
 strings. Sonata and Romance, pf . and flute, etc. 
 Organ : Six sonatas ; Three andantes ; Three 
 offertories ; Three pieces, op. 348, etc., etc. 
 
 Clarke, James P., Scottish musician, who 
 held a good teaching position in the West of 
 Scotland. For some time he was assistant to 
 a music-seller in Edinburgh. In 1829, he was 
 leader of psalmody in St. George's Chiirch, 
 Glasgow ; and in 1834, he saicceeded Thomas 
 Macfarlane, as organist of St. IMary's Epis- 
 copal Chapel. In 1835, he emigrated to Canada, 
 after which all trace of him seems to be 
 lost. He edited " Parochial Psalmody, a new 
 Collection of approved Psalm tunes, including 
 several composed expressly for this work, to 
 which are prefixed, Lessons in the Art of 
 Singiug," Glasgow, [c. 1830], 2nd ed., 1832. 
 The Choir : a selection of choruses, anthems, 
 etc., edited by J. P. Clarke, late organist of 
 St. Mary's Chapel, and A. Thomson, organist 
 of St. Andrew's Chapel, Glasgow [1835] . He 
 also composed songs in Atkinson's "Chame- 
 leon," and in Hogg's "Border Garland" 
 [1829] , etc. 
 
 Clarke, Jane, musician and organist, pub- 
 lished " Select portions of psalms and hymns, 
 adapted to music, as sung at Oxford Chapel," 
 London [1808]. 
 
 Clarke, Jessie Murray, authoress of 
 " How to excel in Singing and Elocution. A 
 manual for lady students," London, ]884. 
 
92 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 CLAEKE. 
 
 Clarke, John Charles, musician of first 
 lialf of the present century, wlro resided in 
 Edinburgii as a conductor and vocalist. He 
 published a "Collection of Glees and Chor- 
 uses," Edinburgh [1840]. 
 
 Clarke, John, or Clarke=Whitfeld, 
 composer and organist, was born at Gloucester, 
 December 13th, 1770. He studied under 
 Philip Hayes, and became organist of St. 
 Lawrence's, Ludlow, 1789-94. Mus. Bac, 
 Oxon., 1793. Organist of Armagh Cathedral, 
 1794-97. Mus. Doc, Dublin, 1795. Master 
 of choristers and organist of Christ Church 
 and St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, 1798. 
 Organist and Choirmaster of Trinity and 
 St. John's Colleges, Cambridge, 1799-1820. 
 Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1799. Mus. Doc, Oxon., 
 1810. Organist of Hereford Cathedral, 1820- 
 33. Professor of Music, Cambridge Univer- 
 sity, 1821. He died at Holmer, near Hereford, 
 February 22, 1836, and is buried in Hereford 
 Cathedral. 
 
 Works. — Cathedral music (consisting of 
 services and anthems), 4 vols., 1805-1822, 
 reprinted bj^ Novello. Crucifixion and the 
 Resurrection, oratorio, 1822. Twelve Glees, 
 composed and inscribed by permission to 
 H.R.H. the Prince Regent [1805] ; Twelve 
 vocal pieces, with original poetry, 2 vols., n.d. 
 Glees, etc : Alice Brand ; The Carpet Weaver ; 
 Celestial Hope ; Come, Ossian, come ; The 
 Coronach ; Dawn of Day ; Edith of Lorn ; 
 Hymn for the dead ; Hymn to the morning 
 star ; It was a night of lovely June ; Merrily 
 bounds the bark ; Minstrel's tale ; Red Cross 
 Knights ; What tho' the Knights ; When I 
 am doom'd ; Wide o'er the brim. Songs : 
 Ah ! whither, Morpheus ; Blanche of Devon's 
 song ; Bonnie, bonnie blue ; Days that are 
 gone ; Ellen's song ; The IMaid of the Moor ; 
 Here's the vow ; In peace love tunes ; Know 
 ye the land ; Laugh and rejoice ; Minstrel's 
 Harp ; IMoorland ]\Iary ; Oh ! sweet is the 
 perfume ; Poor Mary ; Smile of affection ; 
 Soldier, rest ; Thou dear native land ; Wake, 
 Maid of Lorn ; With jet black eyes ; Young 
 Lochinvar. The Beauties of Purcell. Thirty- 
 four favourite anthems, selected from various 
 English composers, 2 vols. The Vocal works 
 composed by G. F. Handel, arranged for organ 
 or pianoforte, London, 17 vols. [1809] . Selec- 
 tion of single and double chants, in score, 
 2 vols., n.d. 
 
 Clarke, Mary Cowden, bom Mary Vic- 
 toria Novello, writer, daughter of Vincent 
 Novello, was born at London, June, 1-809. 
 She was married in 1828 to Charles Cowden 
 Clarke. She compiled the famous " Shake- 
 speare Concordance," wrote novels and poetry, 
 edited an edition of Shakespeare, and wrote 
 the " Life and labours of Vincent Novello." 
 London, 1864 (portrait). " My long life : an 
 autobiographic sketch," London, Unwin, 1896. 
 
 CLAXTON. 
 
 Clarke, Payne, tenor vocalist, born in 
 ]\Ian Chester, December 23, 1860. He sang as 
 a boy at_the Church of the Holy Name, Man- 
 chester, and subsequently as an alto and tenor 
 for some years. He studied under Dr. Henry 
 Hiles, and later with Mr. William Shakespeare. 
 After some experience in opera, he joined Mr. 
 J. W. Turner's Company in 1886, and later in 
 the same year was a member of the Carl Rosa 
 Opera Company, in which he remained for 
 three years, sustaining a number of characters. 
 In 1890 he appeared at Denver, U.S.A., as 
 Manrico, in IL Trovatore, and as Lohengrin 
 at the National Theatre, Mexico, in 1891. He 
 was singing in concerts in London, 1894 ; but 
 he is more widely known in the north as a 
 concert singer. 
 
 Clarke, Stephen, musician, was born at 
 Durham about the middle of the 18th century. 
 He was organist of the Episcopal Chapel in 
 the Cowgate of Edinburgh, and a teacher 
 there from about 1764. He died at Edin- 
 burgh, August 6, 1797. He composed " Two 
 Sonatas for the Pianoforte or Harpsichord, in 
 which are introduced favourite Scotch airs, 
 composed and respectfully dedicated to Mr. 
 Erskine, Jun., of Mar," op. 3. Edinburgh, 
 1790. He also harmonized the airs in John- 
 son's " Scots Musical Museum." On his death 
 the work was continued by his son William 
 (born Edinburgh [c 1780] ; died Edinburgh, 
 1820), who was organist of St. Paul's Episcopal 
 Chapel, and a teacher and writer of some small 
 pieces for the pianoforte and voice. He issued 
 " A Collection of the most favourite airs, 
 progressively arranged and fingered for the 
 pianoforte." Edinburgh, n.d. 
 
 Clarke, William, musician, born 1740; 
 died December 5, 1820. He was a Vicar- 
 Choral of St. Paul's Cathedral, and Minor 
 Canon, 1769. He is buried in the crypt of St. 
 Paul's. He edited "A Collection of Chaunts, 
 Psalm Tunes, Hymns, and an Anthem in four 
 parts," n.d. 
 
 Clarkson, John, Scottish dancing-master 
 and violinist, who died at St. Andrews, 
 January 20, 1812. He compiled " Clarkson's 
 T»Iusicai Entertainment, being a selection of 
 various Tunes and Pieces of Music adapted 
 for the Pf. or Harpsichord," n.d. 
 
 His son John was a dancing-master and 
 violinist, and published " A Complete Collec- 
 tion of the much-admired Tunes, as Danced 
 at the Balls and Publics of the late IMr. 
 Strange, Teacher of Dancing in Edinburgh." 
 This work appeared about the beginning of 
 this century. 
 
 Claxton, Rev. William, organist of St. 
 Michael's College, Tenbury, graduated B.A., 
 1876; Mus. B., 1882, Oxford, Curate of Hart- 
 ley Wintney, 1887. Composer of a morning 
 communion, and evening service, in G; an- 
 thems ; songs ; part-song, " Ye little birds 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 93 
 
 CLAY. 
 
 that sit and sing " (men's voices and orches- 
 tra), etc. 
 
 Clay, Frederick, composer, born at Paris, 
 August 3, 1840. Son of James Clay, who was 
 M.P. for Hull, and a famous whist player. 
 He studied under Molique at Paris, and 
 Hauptmann at Leipzig. For a short time he 
 held a post in the Treasury Department. He 
 resided in London as a teacher and composer, 
 but latterly, owing to ill-health, retired to 
 Great Marlow, Bucks, where he died Nov. 
 24, 1889. 
 
 Works. — Operas and Operettas : The Pi- 
 rate's Isle, 1859 ; Out of Sight, 1860 ; Court 
 and Cottage, 1862; Constance. 1865; Ages 
 Ago, 1869 ; Gentleman in Black, 1870 ; Happy 
 Arcadia, 1872 ; Cattarina, ] 874 ; Princess 
 Toto, 1875; Don Quixote, 1875; Babil and 
 Bijou, 1872 (with others) ; Black Crook, 1872 ; 
 Oriana ; Merry Duchess, 188-3 ; Music to 
 Shakespeare's "'Twelfth Night." Cantatas: 
 Knights of the Cross, 1866 ; Lalla Rookh, 
 1877. Part-songs, songs, etc. 
 
 Clayton, Eleanor Creathorne (Mrs. 
 Nekdham), novelist and musical writer, born 
 at Dublin in 1832. Author of " Queens of 
 Song ; being memoirs of some of the most 
 celebrated female vocalists who have appeared 
 on the lyric stage from the earliest days of 
 opera to the present time, with a chronological 
 list of all the operas that have been performed 
 in Europe." London, 1868, 2 vols. 
 
 Clayton, Thomas, English composer, born 
 in 1670. He was a member of the Royal Band 
 of William and Mary, 1692-1702. After re- 
 siding in Italy he returned to England and 
 introduced Italian opera. He died in 1730. 
 He composed music for Addison's Rosamund ; 
 Arsinoe ; Dryden's Alexander's Feast ; The 
 Passion of Sappho, etc., but none of it appears 
 to possess much merit. 
 
 Clegg, David, organist of Littleborough 
 Parish Church (1891), is the composer of a 
 cantata, " The Dai;ghter of Jairus," produced 
 at Rochdale, December 8, 1891 ; and an opera, 
 " Cleopatra," selections from which were given 
 at the same place and date. 
 
 Clegg, John, violinist, born Ireland, 1714. 
 He studied under Dubourg and Buononcini, 
 and first appeared in London, 1723. After 
 travelling in Italy, he was appointed principal 
 violin at the Opera, London. He became 
 insane towards the end of his career, and died 
 in 1746. 
 
 Cleland, George, musician and organist 
 of the end of 18th and first half of present 
 century. He was organist of St. ]\Iary's 
 Chapel, Bath. He published " A selection of 
 chants never before p^^blished, together with 
 asanctusand kyrie eleison, arranged in score," 
 London [1824]. 
 
 Clench, Leonora, violinist, native of St. 
 Mary's, Canada. Studied at Leipzig Conserv- 
 
 GLIFTON. 
 
 atorium, and played at a concert given in that 
 town by ]\Iiss Marie Wurm, November 7, 1886, 
 and at other concerts in the same j^ear. In 
 London she made her debut at a concert at 
 the Lyric Club, June 24, 1892. Appeared as 
 soloist at the Hovingham Festival, Yorks., 
 1896. 
 
 Cliffe, Frederick, pianist and composer, 
 born at Low Moor, near Bradford, Yorkshire, 
 May 2, 1857. As quite a child he had a local 
 reputation as pianist and organist, and at six- 
 teen (in 1873) he was aj)pointed organist to 
 the Bradford Festival Choral Society. In 
 1876 he was elected to a Scholarship in the 
 National Training School for IMusic, after 
 leaving which he was pianist and accompanist 
 on various concert tours. He played a con- 
 certo at the Promenade Concerts, Covent 
 Garden, in 1882 ; and on the opening of the 
 Royal College of Music, in 1883, he was 
 appointed a professor of the pianoforte. He 
 came into notice as a composer with a sym- 
 phony in C minor, produced at the Crystal 
 Palace, April 20, 1889. In 1890 he composed 
 an orchestra picture, "Clouds and sunshine," 
 for the Philharmonic Society, which was pro- 
 duced May 22 of that year. For the Leeds 
 Festival of 1892 he wrote a second Symphony, 
 " A summer night," and a violin concerto for 
 the Norwich Festival of 1896. He has also 
 composed several songs, etc. 
 
 Clifford, Rev. James, clergyman and 
 musician, born at Oxford, 1622. Chorister of 
 Magdalen College, Oxford, 1632-42. IMinor 
 Canon St. Paul's Cathedral, London, 1661. 
 Senior Cardinal, St. Paiil's, London, 1682. 
 Curate of Parish Church of St. Gregory. 
 Chaplain to Society of Serjeant's Inn. He 
 died at London, September, 1698. 
 
 Works. — A Collection of Divine Services 
 and Anthems, usually sung in His Majesty's 
 Chapel, and in all the cathedral and collegiate 
 choirs of England and Ireland, by James 
 Clifford, 1663, 2nd edition enlarged, 1664. 
 Sermons, etc. 
 
 Clifford, Walter, baritone vocalist. Sang 
 as a boy in the choir of Holy Trinity Church, 
 HuU. Became a j)upil of Edwin Holland, 
 and made his debid at Mr. Ambrose Austin's 
 concert at St. James's Hall, 1879, appearing 
 at the Covent Garden Promenade Concerts 
 the same year. He sang in English Opera in 
 the provinces, and took the part of De Bre- 
 tigny in Massenet's " Manon," when the 
 opera was produced by Carl Rosa at Drury 
 Lane, May 7, 1885. After singing for some 
 time at concerts in various places, he was 
 engaged, in 1887, for an American tour by the 
 Chicago Symphonic Orchestral Societj'. 
 
 Clifton, Henry Robert, better known as 
 " Harry Clifton," author and com^Doser of 
 comic songs, born at Hoddesden, Hereford, in 
 1831, died, Hammersmith, London, July 15, 
 
94 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 CLIFTON. 
 
 1872. Well-known in his day as author and 
 composer of music-hall lyrics of the " motto " 
 variety, among which were "Paddle your own 
 canoe;" " Pulling hard against the stream ; " 
 " Shelling green peas ; " " Work, boys, work," 
 and many others. He also wrote " Polly 
 Perkins of Paddington Green" [1865], and 
 other songs of a mock-sentimental type, such 
 as the " Agreeable young man ; " " Convivial 
 man ; " " Jemima Brown ; " " On board of 
 the Kangaroo " [1865], etc. For many years 
 he resided in Glasgow as a music-hall singer. 
 
 Clifton, John Charles, composer and 
 pianist, born at London, 1781. Studied under 
 R. Bellamy and Charles Wesley. Employed 
 for a time in mercantile pursuits. Resided 
 at Bath as teacher and conductor. Went to 
 Dublin, 1802, and resided there as teacher and 
 composer till 1815. Settled in London, 1816, 
 as teacher of the pf. and advocate of Logier's 
 system. He died at Hammersmith, London, 
 November 18, 1841. 
 
 Works. — Edwin, opera, Dublin, 1815; 
 .Series of Moral Songs, by W. F. Collard, pub- 
 lished in parts, 1823-4 ; Selection of British 
 Melodies, with appropriate words, by J. F. M. 
 Dovaston, London, n.d. ; Collection of French 
 Airs, with symphonies and accompaniments, 
 2 vols. As pants the hart, canon. Glees — 
 'Three glees for .3, 4, and 5 voices, 1823 ; A 
 blossom wreath ; Maid of Toro ; On a rock 
 whose haughty brow ; Quick flew the gales of 
 rosy spring ; Hushed is the harp ; Pray goody. 
 Songs — As through life's early path ; First 
 dawn of love ; Good-night, my pretty Anne ; 
 If music be the food of love (canzonet) ; Mil- 
 ler's daughter ; Sensitive Plant ; Soft on the 
 violet bank ; With love-fraught eyes ; Nay, if 
 you threaten ; Sweet choice of my heart ; A 
 bumper of sparkling wine, etc. Theory of 
 Harmony Simplified, 1816 ; Instructions for 
 the Pianoforte ; Memoir of Sir John Steven- 
 son (in a review), etc. 
 
 Clifton was a pianist of nauch ability, and 
 invented, in 1816, an instrument called the 
 " Eidomusicon," which, on being fastened to 
 the keyboard of the pianoforte, produced the 
 notes and chords as they were struck, with a 
 view to displaying them to the eye, and so 
 facilitate sight-singing, etc. 
 
 Clinton, George Arthur, clarinettist, 
 born at Newcastle-on-Tyne. For many years 
 a member of the Crystal Palace Orchestra, 
 and a soloist at the concerts there at least 
 since 1876. Principal clarinet in Her Majesty's 
 Private Band, and in the Philharmonic Or- 
 chestra. Professor of the Clarinet at R.A.M. 
 Has given Chamber Concerts of music for 
 wind instruments in various halls in London, 
 1892-6, and has played at the Saturday Popu- 
 lar Concerts, etc, 
 
 Clinton, John, flute player and writer, 
 born in 1810 ; died at London in 1864. Author 
 
 COBB. 
 
 of A Treatise upon the Mechanism and general 
 principles of the Flute, London, n.d. ; Com- 
 plete School for the Boehm Flute, containing 
 everything necessary to learn that instrument, 
 from the elements to the most advanced stage, 
 London, n.d. (5 editions), Ashdown; A Code 
 of Instruction for the Equisonant flute, in 
 which the fingering and resources of that 
 instrument are fully explained by numerous 
 examples ; First Set of three Grand Studies 
 for the Flute ; Second do. ; Universal Flute 
 Tutor (Boosey). Flute music — Trios for two 
 flutes and pf., opp. 2, 3, 10; Trios for three 
 flutes, opp. 7 and 9; Five Notturnos, flute 
 and harp (with Oberthiir) ; Gems of the Italian 
 School ; Cavatinas, or songs without words ; 
 The Drawing-Room Concert, written by W. 
 Ball ; Transcriptions for flute and pf., of which 
 he published an enormous number. 
 
 Clipsham, J , musician, compiled the 
 
 " Divine Psalmist's Companion," Market Har- 
 borough, 1753, 
 
 Clive, Catherine, bom Rafftor, soprano 
 vocalist, born in London, of Irish parents, in 
 1711. She sang at Drury Lane Theatre from 
 1728. Married to George Clive, a barrister, 
 in 1734, and separated from him in 1769. 
 Retired from stage. She died at Twickenham, 
 Dec. 6, 1785. See Life of Catherine Clive, 
 with an account of her adventures on and off 
 the stage ... by Percy Fitzgerald, London, 
 1888. 
 
 Clive, Franklin F., bass vocalist of the 
 present day. He learnt the violin at nine 
 years of age, and when seventeen entered an 
 office in the city of London. In time his 
 voice developed, and gaining a Scholarship at 
 Trinity College, London, he studied for the 
 profession. About the year 1882, he was be- 
 coming known as a singer ; sang in the " Mes- 
 siah," at Birmingham, Boxing Night, 1883, 
 with success, and in other places. He was on 
 tour with an Opera Company in 1887, and 
 appeared as King Richard, in Sullivan's " Ivan- 
 hoe," at the Royal English Opera, inFebruary, 
 1891. 
 
 Clutsam, George H , pianist and com- 
 poser, a native of Australia. He was a mem- 
 ber of the Amy Sherwin Concert Party in 
 Australia, 1888 ; and acted as accompanist 
 during the Melba tour in England, 1893. His 
 compositions include a Symphony (a move- 
 ment from which was performed at the Covent 
 Garden Promenade Concerts, October 3, 1890), 
 and other works ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Cobb, Gerard Francis, composer, born 
 at Nettlestead, Kent, October 15, 1838. Edu- 
 cated at Marlborough College, and Trinity 
 College, Cambridge, of which he was elected 
 Scholar in 1860 ; and, after taking a double 
 First, a Fellow, in 1863. His musical training 
 was chiefly in Dresden. He was President of 
 the Cambridge University Musical Society for 
 
 I 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 95 
 
 COBB. 
 
 some ten years, from 1874 ; and Chairman of 
 the University Board of Musical Studies for 
 fifteen years, from 1877. His compositions 
 are very numerous, although, from the claims 
 of his official work at the University, it was 
 many years before he was able to devote his 
 attention to creative art. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 62, for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra, composed for the Festival of the 
 North-Eastern Choir Association, Ripon Cathe- 
 dral, 1892. Seven Church services, including 
 a full Morning, Communion, and Evening 
 Service in C major, for men's voices, composed 
 (by request) for the use of the Choir of St. 
 George's Chapel, Windsor. Motet, Sttrge II- 
 luminare (Leslie's Choir, March, 1887); Seven 
 anthems. Prize Glee (four voices), A Message 
 to Phyllis ; Prize IMadrigal (six voices), Sleep- 
 ing Beauty, etc. Six Songs (W. Fergusson) ; 
 Lieder und Gesange (six songs) ; Three English 
 Ballads ; Three Sacred Songs ; Barrack Room 
 Ballads (Rudyard Kipling) ; Song and Silence, 
 with horn obligate, and many other songs. 
 Quintet in C, op. 22, pf. and strings ; Suite, 
 violin and pf. ; Suite, Voices of the Sea, 
 pf., etc., etc. 
 
 Cobb, Richard, English composer and 
 organist during the 16th and 17th centuries. 
 Was organist to Charles I., and composed 
 some vocal music. " Smiths are good fel- 
 lows," a catch, is by him. 
 
 Cobb, Richard Barker, baritone vocalist, 
 known by the nom de theatre of Richard 
 Temple, made his debut in opera at the Crystal 
 Palace, 1872. Toured in the Gilbert and Sulli- 
 van operas, 1879 ; sang at the Savoy Theatre in 
 " Princess Ida" and " The Mikado," 1884-5 ; 
 gave performances of opera in Italian at the 
 Gaiety Theatre, May, 1886, himself taking 
 the title-part in " Rigoletto ;" revived Gou- 
 nod's " The Mock Doctor " at the Grand 
 Theatre, London, 1890 ; and sang at the Olym- 
 pic Theatre, under Signor Lago's manage- 
 ment, October, 1892. He turned to the music 
 halls early in that year, and appeared at the 
 Trocadero ; sang again in the concert-room, 
 1893 ; and recited in Mendelssohn's " Athalie " 
 at the Queen's Hall, November 13, 1895. 
 
 Cobbold, William, composer, born in 
 Parish of St. Andrew, Norwich, January 5, 
 1559-60. In 1599 he became organist of Nor- 
 wich Cathedral, but in 1608 he became a 
 singing man, while the post of organist was 
 held by Wm. Inglott. He died at Beccles in 
 Suffolk, November 7, 16.39, and was buried in 
 the south aisle of the Parish Church, where a 
 stone marks his grave. 
 
 He contributed to Este's "Whole Book of 
 Psalms," 1592, and wrote the madrigal, " With 
 wreaths of rose and laurel " in the "Triumphs 
 of Oriana." Some of his works remain in 
 MS., and an anthem, "In Bethlehem town," 
 appears in Clifford's Services, 1663, 
 
 COLBORNE. 
 
 Cochran, John, musician, who issued "A 
 Selection of Psalm and Hymn Tunes . . . with 
 Anthems." Dublin, 1811, two editions. 
 
 Cock, Arthur, organist and composer of 
 the 16th century. He was organist of Exeter 
 Cathedral, and in 1593 he graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Oxford. 
 
 Cogan, Philip, composer, organist, and 
 pianist, born at Cork in 1750[Doncaster 1757 ?]. 
 Chorister and choirman of Cathedral of St. 
 Finn Barre, Cork. Stipendiary of Christ 
 Church, Dublin, 1772. He died in 1834. 
 
 Works. — Anthems, various ; Six sonatas 
 for pf. and violin, op. 2, 1788; Sonatas for pf., 
 op. 4 ; Concerto in E flat for 2 violins, viola, 
 'cello, 2 flutes, and 2 horns, op. 6, 1792 ; Son- 
 atas for pf. (Clementi), op. 8 ; Harpsichord 
 Lessons ; Songs. 
 
 Coggins, Joseph, composer and pianist, 
 was born in 1780. He studied under J. W. 
 Callcott. Teacher of pf. in London, where he 
 died, in first half of present century. 
 
 Works. — The IMusical Assistant, containing 
 all that is truly useful to the theory and prac- 
 tice of the pianoforte, London, 1815 ; Com- 
 panion to the Musical Assistant, containing 
 all that is truly useful to the theory and 
 practice of the pianoforte, also a complete 
 dictionary, London, 8vo, 1824 ; Admired 
 Hymns .... adapted for the use of schools, 
 2 parts ; Pf. music, fantasias, etc. ; Songs ; 
 Complete instructions for the flute, according 
 to Drouet's system, London, 1830. 
 
 Coghlan, J. P., author of " An essay on 
 the Church plain-chant," London, 1782. 
 
 Colbeck, William Robert, organist and 
 conductor, iDorn at Bebington, Cheshire, 1852. 
 Studied under Dr. French Flowers, and F. 
 W. Hird. Began his career as an organist 
 at the age of eleven, at Gamston Parish 
 Church, Notts. ; afterwards appointed to St. 
 Peter's, Morley, Leeds ; St. Mathias, Burley, 
 Leeds, 1869 ; and, in 1876, to the Parish 
 Church, Folkestone. Later in that year (1876), 
 he left for British Guiana, being appointed to 
 St. Philip's, Georgetown. This appointment 
 he still holds, together with that of organist 
 of the Town Hall, from its opening in 1891. 
 His organ recitals are popular, and an im- 
 portant feature in the season's music. He 
 was conductor for twelve years of the Musical 
 Society, now defunct ; and is president and 
 conductor of the recently formed Orchestral 
 Society. He composed a march for the open- 
 ing of the Town Hall organ, Georgetown (1891); 
 and has published some pf. pieces, and songs 
 (including a prize song in Cassell's Magazine, 
 1884). 
 
 Colborne, Langdon, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Hackney, London, September 
 15, 1837. Studied under George Cooper. Or- 
 ganist of St. Michael's College, Tenbury, 1860. 
 Mus. Bac, Cantab., 1864. Mus. Doc, Cantuar, 
 
96 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 COLE. 
 
 1883. Organist of Beverley Minster, 1874; 
 Wigan Parish Church, 1875; Dorlcing Parish 
 Church, 1877 ; Hereford Cathedral, 1877. He 
 died at Hereford, Sei^temher 16, 1889. 
 
 Works. — Samuel, oratorio, Hereford, 1889; 
 Complete Service in C; Magnificat and Nunc 
 Dimittis in D, A, and B flat ; Te Deum and 
 Benedictus in E flat. Anthems — I will lay 
 me down ; Lord, our Governor ; Out of the 
 deep ; Ponder my words, Lord ; Rend your 
 hearts. Part-songs : If slumher sweet, Lisena; 
 The Siesta ; The bright-hair'd morn is glow- 
 ing ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Cole, Blanche, sec sub. Nayloe, Sidney. 
 
 Cole, Charlotte, and Susanna, vocalists, 
 formerly know}a in the musical world as the 
 Misses Cole, were born at Tarrington, Hereford- 
 shire. Their father came of a musical family, 
 and was for many years organist of the parish 
 church, choir trainer, and teacher of music. 
 The children, from their infancy, were brought 
 up in a musical atmosphere, and were familiar 
 with the works of the great masters. At the 
 R.A.M. they studied under Manuel Garcia, 
 and both were elected Associates of that 
 Institution. Charlotte, the elder, a soprano, 
 was a leading member of the students' choir 
 in Hanover Chapel, Regent Street ; and of the 
 semi-chorus of the Concerts of Ancient ]\Iusic. 
 She sang in the double quartet in " Elijah " 
 at the Hereford Festival of 1849, and Mr. J. 
 W. Davison at that time hearing the sisters 
 sing Mendelssohn's two-part songs, advised 
 them to appear in London as duet singers. 
 Their debut took place at Exeter Hall, in the 
 Wednesday Concerts, November 14, 1849 ; 
 and for years afterwards they were in great 
 request, succeeding the Misses Williams in 
 public favour. They sang at the Crystal Pal- 
 ace in 1855, and at the principal London and 
 provincial concerts. In 1853 Charlotte Cole 
 married Mr. Alfeed Gilbert (g.t'.), and 
 after singing at his concerts for some years, 
 devoted her attention chiefly to teaching 
 singing. She is an Associate of the Philhar- 
 raonic Society, and the composer of some 
 tasteful songs, etc. Susanna, whoso voice was 
 a mezzo-soprano of beautiful quality, contin- 
 ued to sing both in opera and concerts ; but 
 she also married, and now is engaged in teach- 
 ing singing, both for the stage and concert 
 room. 
 
 Cole, James Parry, composer and con- 
 ductor, born at Tarrington, Herefordshire, 
 brother of the foregoing. While a child he 
 was taught the violin by his father, and at the 
 age of eight became a chorister of Hereford 
 Cathedral, and pupil of G. Townshond Smith. 
 When fifteen he entered the R.A.IM., studying 
 under Charles Lucas, R. Blagrove, W. Dorrell, 
 and G. A. Macfarren. On leaving the Acad- 
 emy he went to Arundel, Sussex, as a teacher 
 of music, and organist of the parish church. 
 
 COLERIDGE. 
 
 There he remained five years, and returning 
 to London, he has occupied various posts as 
 organist, musical director, and teacher. He 
 has composed much, chiefly devoting his 
 attention to music for the stage. While a 
 chorister he composed an oratorio, "Deborah 
 and Barak," as well as some church services. 
 Later works are — Cantata, By the waters of 
 Babylon. Operas and Operettas : Vokiu's 
 Vengeance (St. George's Hall, 1877) ; The 
 Golden Wedding (1883); All for nothing (1883); 
 Black and White ; a Romance of the Harem 
 (1887) ; The Black Count (1890; ; The Pillow 
 of Roses ; Hypatia (Grand opera in four acts); 
 Bunell's Bride ; Pas Seul ; Romance and. 
 reality ; The Grecian Dancer ; Woman's 
 Honour ; V. V. ; Give him a rest ; The deaf 
 knight, etc. A book of chamber songs; songs, 
 various ; pieces for pf. and violin, pf. pieces, 
 etc., etc. 
 
 Cole, William, musician, who was born 
 about 1764. He was an organist and teacher 
 at Colchester, and London. He died at Pim- 
 lico, London, August 11, 1848. 
 
 Works. — Morningand evening service, with 
 six anthems in score, n.d. The Psalmodist's 
 Exercise, or a set of psalm tunes and anthems, 
 all entirely new, composed for the use of 
 country choirs, London, n.d. View of modern 
 psalmody, being an attempt to reform the 
 practice of singing in the worship of God. 
 Colchester, 1819. 
 
 Cole, William Henry, violinist and con- 
 ductor, born at Dudley, April 7, 1847. Studied 
 under Henry Hayward and J. T. Carrodus. 
 He has taken a leading part in the musical 
 life of Glasgow since 1868. He has organised 
 various quartet parties and bands, which have 
 performed in Glasgow, and in most of the 
 Scottish provincial towns. Mr. Cole is well- 
 known as a teacher of the violin. 
 
 Coleire, Richard, English clergyman. 
 Wrote " 'The Antiquity and usefulness of 
 instrumental musick in the service of God, 
 a sermon on erecting an organ at Isleworth," 
 London, 1738. 
 
 Coleman, Charles (or Colman), composer, 
 who was born about the beginning of the 17th 
 century [1600] . He was a member of the 
 private band of Charles I. Doc. Mus., Cam- 
 bridge, 1651. He died at London, 1664. 
 
 Works. — The Siege of Rhodes, Davenant 
 (with Lawes, Cook, and Hudson), 1657 ; ]\Iusi- 
 call Ayres and Dialogues, 1652 ; ]\Iusick's 
 Recreation on the Lyra-violl, 1656 ; Select 
 Ayres, 1659 ; The Musical Vocabulary in 
 Phillips' New World of Words, 1658. 
 
 Coleman, Edward, brother of above, was 
 born in 1633. He became Gentleman of Chapel 
 Roj^al, and died at Greenwich, August 29, 
 1669. Wrote songs in various collections, etc. 
 
 Coleridge, Arthur Duke, amateur vocal- 
 ist, lecturer, and translator, was born on Feb- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 97 
 
 COLES. 
 
 ruary 1, 1830. He is a M.A., and was called 
 to the bar in 1860. Clerk of the Arraigns for 
 the Midland Circuit, and nephew of the late 
 Chief Justice, Lord Coleridge. In the days of 
 the Amateur Musical Society, under Henry 
 Leslie, he occasionally sang at their concerts, 
 having a good teiior voice. He has lectured 
 in various places upon Bach, Weber, Spohr, 
 and Schumann ; and rendered service to 
 musical literature by his translations of K. von 
 Hellborn's " Life of Schubert," London, 
 Longmans, 1869, 2 vols. ; and the " Life of 
 Moscheles, with selections from his diaries 
 and correspondence," by his wife. London : 
 Hurst and Blackett, 1873, 2 vols. He also 
 contributed articles to Grove's " Dictionary 
 of IMusic and Musicians." 
 
 Coles, Sydney George Randolph, or- 
 ganist and composer, born at Bristol, 1852, 
 Chorister at St. Paul's Church, Clifton, and 
 pupil of the late Alfred Stone. When eighteen 
 he was appointed organist of St. John's, Broad 
 Street, Bristol. In 1873 he became an articled 
 pupil of, and assistant to, the late Dr. W. H. 
 Monk. F.C.O., 1876; Mus. Bac, Trin. Coll., 
 Toronto, 1887. Resident in Eastbourne since 
 1881, as pianist, teacher ; and was organist of 
 the Parish Church for ten years, now holding 
 a similar office at the Presbyterian Church, 
 and being also organist to the Hadrian Lodge 
 of Freemasons, No. 2,483, When the legality 
 of the in absentia degrees was questioned, Mr. 
 Coles strongly upheld the bo7ia fide nature of 
 the examinations. This subject is beyond the 
 scope of the present work, and readers are 
 referred to the musical press, 1890-93. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 23, for soli, chorus, and 
 organ (performed by the Musical Artists' 
 Society, R.A.M., 1882) ; Communion Service ; 
 Offertory Sentences ; Carol, The Bellringers 
 (Crystal Palace Sunday School Festival, 1895) ; 
 an Imperial Hymn, etc. Triumphal march 
 for orchestra ; March and Postlude, organ ; 
 pieces for pf., etc. 
 
 Collet, Sophia Dobson, born in London, 
 1822, was associated with Eliza and Sarah 
 Flower in the music at South Place Chapel, 
 and composed some of the music still in use 
 there. She died at Highbury Park, March 
 27, 1894. 
 
 Collett, John, instrumental composer, 
 who flourished during the middle of the 18th 
 century. He composed " Six Solos for the 
 violin, with a thorough bass for ye harpsi- 
 chord, op. 1," London [1770] , and other 
 instrumental music. 
 
 Collier, Joel, see Bicknell, John L. 
 
 Collins, Isaac, violinist, born in 1797 ; 
 died November 24, 1871. Was for many years 
 principal second violin in the Crystal Palace 
 Orchestra. In the forties he gave concerts in 
 London, with his five children, of whom the 
 best known were George Collins, violoncellist. 
 
 CONINGSBY. 
 
 who died in 1869, and Viotti Collins, violinist, 
 who is still actively engaged in his profession. 
 
 Collinson, Thomas Henry, organist and 
 conductor, born at Alnwick, April 24, 1858. 
 Pupil of Dr. Armes', at Durham Cathedral, 
 and later, deputy organist there. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1877. Organist of St. 
 Oswald's, Durham ; and in 1878, appointed 
 to St. Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh. From 
 1883 he has been conductor of the Edinburgh 
 Choral Union. At the Cathedral he has dir- 
 ected special Oratorio Services ; and has given 
 organ performances at the Edinburgh Exhib- 
 ition, 1886, and has a high reputation as an 
 executant. He is Church Music lecturer to 
 the Episcopal Theological College. Of his 
 compositions only some anthems are published. 
 
 Collisson, W. A. Houston, pianist 
 and composer, resident in Dublin. His play- 
 ing attracted attention about 1884, and he 
 began giving Saturday Popular Concerts in 
 1885, in the Leinster Hall, Dublin ; and in 
 May, 1887, started a series of Saturday Even- 
 ing Concerts in St. James's Hall, London. 
 He was appointed organist of the Parish 
 Church, Rathfarnham, 1885 ; and to Holy 
 Trinity, Rathmines, Dublin, 1886. He grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac. [1885?]; Mus. Doc, Dublin, 
 1890. Of his compositions two conric operas 
 have been produced : The Knight of the Road, 
 Dublin, 1891 ; and Strongbow, Dublin, 1892. 
 
 Colville, David, musician, born at Camp- 
 beltown, January 15, 1829. He published 
 " Graduated course of elementary instruction 
 in singing, on the letter-note method, in 
 twenty-six lessons, with hints on self-instruc- 
 tion, etc." (with George Bentlej'), 1864 ; Col- 
 lections ; of Part-songs, under the title of 
 " Choral Harmony," " Amphion," etc. 
 
 Comon, or Cormac Dall, Irish harper, 
 story-teller, and vocalist, was born at Wood- 
 stock, Mayo, IMay, 1703. He lived an itine- 
 rant life, and was famous as a composer of 
 songs and elegies. He died about the end of 
 the 18th century, or at least after 1786, at 
 which date he was alive. 
 
 Compton, Mrs. A., see Gray, Louisa, 
 
 Condell, Henry, violinist and composer, 
 was born in the latter part of the 18th cen- 
 tury. He was' a violinist at Drury Lane and 
 Covent Garden Theatres. Gained prize at 
 Catch Club with glee, " Loud blowe the 
 wyndes," 1811. He died at Battersea, Lon- 
 don, June, 1824. 
 
 Works. — Enchanted Island, ballet, 1804 ; 
 Who wins ? or The Widow's choice, farce, 
 1808 ; Transformation, farce, 1810 ; Farmer's 
 wife, 1814 ; Glees ; Songs, etc 
 
 Congreve, Benjamin, composer, was born 
 in 1836, and died at London on March 23, 
 1871. He composed part-songs and songs. 
 
 Coningsby, George, clergyman. Author 
 of "A Sermon preached at the Cathedral 
 
98 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 CONRAN. 
 
 Church of Hereford, at the anniversary meet- 
 ing of tlie Three Choirs, September 6, 1732, 
 Church Musick vindicated," Oxford, 1733. 
 
 Conran, D., Irish writer, author of 
 *' Musical Research, or General System of 
 Modulation," Dublin, 1840. 
 
 Conran, Michael, probably a relative of 
 the above. Organist of St. Patrick's Church, 
 Manchester. Author of "The National Music 
 of Ireland ; containing the History of the 
 Irish bards, the national melodies, the harp, 
 etc.," Dublin, 1846 ; London, 1850. Collection 
 of admired Hymns and Gregorian Chants, 
 with English words ; n.d. 
 
 Cook, Aynsley, bass vocalist, born near 
 Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1836 (?). Was a chorister 
 at St. Paul's Cathedral. Through the gen- 
 erosity of the Marquis of Anglesey he studied 
 in Germany, and there made his debjit in opera. 
 He sang at Drury Lane about 1854, but his 
 name is not noticed. Later he joined the 
 Pyne and Harrison Company; but he reached 
 the full measure of his popularity as a member 
 of the Carl Rosa Company, from 1875 to the 
 end of his career. His repertory was extensive, 
 but his Devilshoof in the "Bohemian Girl" — 
 an elaboration of his own in the last act — was 
 his favourite character with the public. His 
 last appearance in opera was at Liverpool, 
 February 2, 1894, and he died just a fortnight 
 later. His wife, nee Payne, was a contralto 
 singer, and a member of the Pyne and Harri- 
 son, and Carl Rosa Companies. She also sang 
 on tour with Mr. Sims Reeves in ' ' The Water- 
 man," etc. Alice Aynsley Cook, his 
 daughter, has sung in the provinces in the 
 Gilbert and Sullivan operas, burlesques, etc. 
 
 Cook, Mrs. Dutton, see Scates, Linda. 
 
 Cook, Richard, musician of early part of 
 the present century. Issued " Kentish 
 Psalmodist's Companion," London, n.d. 
 
 Cooke, Benjamin, composer and organist, 
 was born at London in 1734. He studied 
 under Pepusch, and became deputy-organist 
 at Westminster Abbey in 1746. Conductor of 
 Academy of Ancient Music, 1752-1789. Master 
 of the boys at Westminster Abbey, 1757. Lay- 
 clerk, do., 1758. Full organist, Westminster, 
 1762, succeeding John Robinson. Doc. Mus., 
 Cantab., 1775. Organist of St. Martin-in-the- 
 Fields, 1782, Sub-director at Handel Com- 
 memoration, 1784. He died at Westminster, 
 London, Sept. 14, 1793. Buried in West Cloister 
 of Westminster Abbey. 
 
 Works. — Ode on Handel, for 8 voices. 
 Glees : Collection of twenty glees, catches and 
 canons, for 3, 4, 5 and 6 voices, in score, Lon- 
 don, 1775 ; As now the shades ; Ere the beams 
 of morning break ; Farewell ; Hand in hand ; 
 Hark, the lark ; How sleep the brave ; In the 
 merry month of May ; I've been young, though 
 now grown old ; Now the bright morning star, 
 day's harbinger ; Let Rubinelli charm the ear, 
 
 COOKE. 
 
 duet ; Thrysis, when he left me, duet ; The 
 Dormouse, glee ; Beneath in the dust. Nine 
 glees and two duets, op. 9 [1795] . Ode on the 
 Passions (Collins), 1784, etc. Concertos for 
 combinations of various instruments. Organ 
 and harpsichord music. Anthems and Church 
 Services. Morning and Evening Service in G. 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 " Dr. Cooke's glees are numerous, and of 
 great beauty. They are remarkable for natural 
 and graceful ease of melody, great simplicity 
 and yet much art in the disposition of parts, 
 and fine expression." — Hogarth. A number 
 of them are still in use among our singing 
 societies ; " Hark, the lark," being one of 
 those perennial favourites of which the Eng- 
 lish school furnishes not a few examples. 
 
 Cooke, Henry, composer and teacher, 
 born at the beginning of the 17th century. 
 He was educated at the Chapel Royal, and 
 obtained a captain's commission during the 
 Civil War, 1642. Gentleman of Chapel Royal 
 and INIaster of Children, 1660. Composer to 
 the King, 1664. He died July 13, 1672. 
 Buried in East Cloister, Westminster Abbey. 
 
 Works. — Anthems and Services preserved 
 (MS.) in the Collection formed by Dr. Al- 
 drich in Christ Church, Oxford. Madrigals, 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Cooke was the teacher of Blow, Wise, Pur- 
 cell, and Humfrey, and for that alone is 
 entitled to some little credit and esteem. 
 
 Cooke, John P., composer and conductor, 
 was born at Chester, October 31, 1820. He 
 went to America, and became conductor of 
 various theatre orchestras in New York. He 
 died at New York, November 4, 1865. Com- 
 posed music to Shakespeare's Plays, Songs, etc. 
 
 Cooke, Miss, see Waylett, Mrs. 
 
 Cooke, Nathaniel, comj)oser and organist, 
 born at Bosham, near Chichester, 1773. He 
 studied under his uncle, Matthew Cooke, of 
 London (organist). Organist of the Parish 
 Church of Brighton. He died sometime after 
 1820. 
 
 Works. — Collection of Psalms and Hymns 
 sung at Brighthelmston, with several Canons, 
 and a Te Deum, arranged for the Organ or 
 Pianoforte, n.d. Glees and Songs. Pianoforte 
 Music. 
 
 Cooke was a good organist, and composed 
 the canon, " I have set God always before me." 
 
 Cooke, Robert, organist and composer, 
 was a son of Benjamin Cooke, born in 1768. 
 He studied under his father, and succeeded 
 him as organist of St. Martin-in-the-Fields, 
 1793. Organist and choir-master at West- 
 minster Abbey, 1802. Drowned in Thames, 
 August 13, 1814. Buried in West Cloister of 
 Westminster Abbey. 
 
 Works. — Evening Service in C ; Magnificat 
 and Nunc Dimittis in C. Anthems. Glees : 
 In the rose's fragrant shade ; Love and folly 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 99 
 
 COOKE. 
 
 were at play ; Mark, where the silver queen 
 of night ; Queen of the sea ; Round thy pillow ; 
 Sweet warbling bird ; Why o'er the verdant 
 banks. Collection of Eight Glees (Clementi) 
 [1805] . Songs, etc. 
 
 Cooke, Thomas Simpson, vocalist and 
 composer, was born at Dublin in 1782. He 
 studied under his father and Giordani. In 
 1803 he acted as conductor of a theatre in 
 Dublin, and made his debut as a vocalist in 
 Storace's " Siege of Belgrade." In 1813 he 
 appeared in London, and in the same year 
 was appointed conductor and vocalist at Drury 
 Lane Theatre. He married Miss Howell. 
 Member of the Royal Academy of Music, 
 Philharmonic Society, Noblemans' Catch 
 Club, Glee Club, etc. He died at London, 
 February 26, 1848. 
 
 Works. — Music to Plays : The Count of 
 Anjou; A Tale of the Times, 1822 ; The Wager, 
 1825 ; Oberon, or the Charmed Horn, 1826 ; 
 Malvina, 1826 ; The Boy of Santillane, 1827 ; 
 The Brigand, 1829 ; Peter the Great, 1829 ; 
 The Dragon's Gift, 1830; The Ice Witch, 
 1831 ; Hyder Ali, 1831 ; St. Patrick's Eve, 
 1832 ; King Arthur, 1835 ; The King's Proxy ; 
 Frederick the Great ; The Five Lovers ; 
 Numerous Farces. Adaptations of Foreign 
 Operas. Mass in A minor. Glees : Six Glees 
 for 8 and 4 voices, London, 1844 ; Come 
 Spirits of Air ; Fill me, boy, as deep a draught ; 
 Strike, strike the lyre ; Away with gloom and 
 care ; strike the harp ; Take thou this cup. 
 Duets : Love and War ; Army and Navy ; 
 Songs. Singing Exemplified in a Series of 
 Solfeggi and exercises, progressively arranged, 
 London, n.d. ; Singing in parts, containing 
 progressive instructions, extracts, exercises, 
 and original compositions, London, n.d. 
 [c. 1842] , etc. 
 
 Cooke, Henry Angelo Michael. Grat- 
 TAN Cooke, eldest son of the above, born in 
 London in 1809. He studied at the R.A.M., 
 1822-28, of which he became a professor. In 
 1837 he married Miss Kiallmark. He was 
 band-master of the 2nd life guards 1849-56. 
 In 1845 he appeared at the Hanover Square 
 Rooms as a tenor singer, and took part in a 
 glee at the Norwich Festival that year. He 
 lived for nearly twenty years in retirement at 
 Harting, Sussex, and died there September 12, 
 1889. He composed a number of operettas 
 and songs, and was a fine oboe player. Author 
 of " Statement of facts and correspondence 
 between the Directors of the Philharmonic 
 Society and Mr. Grattan Cooke," London 
 [1850] . 
 
 Coombe, William Francis, organist and 
 composer, was born at Plymouth, 1786. He 
 studied under his father (a singing master) 
 and W. Jackson of Exeter. Organist at Chard, 
 Somerset, 1800; Totnes, Devon, 1802-11; 
 and Chelmsford, 1811-22. He probably died 
 
 COOPER. 
 
 at Chelmsford about 1850. He composed a 
 few pianoforte sonatas, and other works. 
 
 Coombs, James Morris, organist and 
 composer, born at Salisbury, 1769. Chorister 
 at Salisbury Cathedral, 1776-1784. He studied 
 under Dr. Stephens and Parry. Organist at 
 Chippenham, Wilts., 1789 to 1820. He died 
 at Chippenham, on March 7, 1820. 
 
 Works. — Set of Canzonets ; Te Deums ; 
 Divine amusement for churches, families, etc., 
 being hymns, anthems and other sacred pieces, 
 psahns, etc., from the works of Marcello, 
 Handel, Haydn, Mason, etc., etc. ; Glees and 
 songs. 
 
 William Coombs, who flourished at Bristol 
 in the latter part of last century, composed 
 the psalm tune " Oxford," which is sometimes 
 attributed to James ]Morris Coombs. 
 
 Cooney, Edward, organist and teacher. 
 Educated at Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1885; Mus. Doc, 1887, 
 Dublin. Organist, Parish Church, Ballymena; 
 teacher of pf. and singing in Coleraine Aca- 
 demic Institute. University Exercises : 
 (Bac.) Psalm 145; (Doc.) Psalm 139, for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra. He has published 
 Church Services and Anthems ; Songs and 
 part-songs. 
 
 Cooper, Alexander Samuel, organist 
 and composer, born in London, April 30, 1835. 
 F.R.C.O. Organist of St. John's, Putney, to 
 1866; St. Paul's, Covent Garden, later. Award- 
 ed a prize by the Ely Diocesan Church Music 
 Society for a setting of the Nicene Creed, 
 1869. Composer of anthems, music for Holy 
 Communion, chants, hymn tunes, songs, and 
 part-songs. Editor of "Parochial Psalter," 
 and " Parochial Chant Book," both of which 
 have passed through several editions. 
 
 Cooper, George, composer and organist, 
 born Lambeth, London, July 7, 1820. Suc- 
 cessively organist of St. Benet's, Paul's Wharf ; 
 St. Anne and St. Agnes, 1836 ; St. Sepulchre, 
 1843 ; Christ's Hospital, and the Chapel Royal, 
 all in London. He was also assistant organist 
 for a time at St. Paul's Cathedral. He died, 
 London, October 2, 1876. 
 
 Works. — The Organist's Assistant, a series 
 of arrangements . . . London (Novello). Or- 
 ganist's Manual . . . select movements from 
 the most eminent composers, London (Nov- 
 ello). Organ Arrangements, London. Part- 
 songs, songs, etc. 
 
 His father, George Cooper, who died in 
 London, in 1843, was an organist of repute. 
 He was assistant organist of St. Paul's Cathe- 
 dral, and organist of St. Sepulchre's until his 
 death, when he was succeeded by his son. 
 
 Cooper, Henry Christopher, violinist, 
 was born at Bath in 1819. Studied violin 
 under Spagnoletti. Appeared as solo violinist 
 at Drury Lane Theatre, 1830. Principal vio-. 
 linist at Royal Italian Opera. Leader at 
 
100 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 COOPER. 
 
 Philharmonic Society. Violinist at Provincial 
 Festivals. Conductor at various theatres. 
 Latterly conductor at the Gaiety Theatre, 
 Glasgow. He died at Glasgow, January 26, 
 1881. He was one of the foremost of the 
 English school of violinists, and at one time 
 well known in London. He was married to 
 Madame Tonnellier, the vocalist. 
 
 Cooper, Isaac, violinist and composer, 
 born at Banff about 1755. He was a teacher 
 of music and dancing in Banff, and died there 
 about 1820. 
 
 Works. — Thirty new Strathspey Reels for 
 the violin or harpsichord, Banff, 1780. Col- 
 lection of Slow airs. Strathspeys, Reels, and 
 Jigs, 1806. New Instructions for the harpsi- 
 chord or pianoforte, Banff, 1785. 
 
 Cooper, Rev. James, clergyman and 
 writer, author of " IMusicae Sacrse, being Se- 
 lections from Bowdler, Heber, etc., set to 
 music, to which is prefixed an Essay on 
 Church Music." London, 1860. 
 
 Cooper, John, called also Coperario, 
 composer and viol-da-gamba player, was born 
 in latter part of the 16th century. He was 
 music-master to the children of James I., and 
 master of Henry and William Lawes. He 
 died early in the 17tb century. 
 
 Works. — Funeral Tears for the death of 
 the Right Honourable the Earle of Devon- 
 shire, figured in seaven songs, whereof sixe 
 are soe set forth that the words may be 
 expressed by a Treble voyce alone to the Lute 
 and Base Voil, or else that the meane part 
 may be added, if any shall affect more fulnesse 
 of Parts, etc., 1606. Songs of Mourning, be- 
 wailing the untimely death of Prince Henry, 
 London, folio, 161-3 ; Music in Leighton's 
 " Teares" ; Music to Masque by Dr. Campion ; 
 Songs and Fancies, etc. 
 
 Cooper, John Wilbye, tenor vocalist and 
 author. He sang at the first Leeds Festival, 
 in 1858, and at the Worcester Festival of 
 1863. In the concert room he was a favourite 
 for a good many years. He retired for some 
 time before his death, in London, March 19, 
 1885. Author of "The Voice, the Music of 
 Language, and the Soul of Song," London, 
 1874. Editor of " Cramer's Vocal School." 
 
 Cooper, Joseph Thomas, organist and 
 composer, born at London, May 25, 1819. 
 He was a pupil of Henry Holmes and Mos- 
 cheles. Organist of Christ Church, Newgate 
 Street. Organist of Christ's Hospital. He 
 was an Associate of the Philharmonic Society, 
 Member of the Society of British Musicians, 
 and Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society. 
 He died at London, November 17, 1879. 
 
 Works. — Orchestral music in MS. Songs, 
 Part-songs, Sacred music. Organ music, etc. 
 
 Cooper or Cowper, Robert, musician 
 and priest of the 15th century. He was a 
 Mus. Bac, Cambridge, and in 1504 proceeded 
 
 CORBETT. 
 
 to the degree of Mus. Doc. He composed 
 songs and other secular nrusic, and is men- 
 tioned in Morley's Catalogue of Musicians. 
 
 Coote, Charles, composer and band- 
 master, born 1809 ; died London, March 6,. 
 1880. Composer of a large number of waltzes, 
 galops, polkas, etc., chiefly based on popular 
 airs. 
 
 His son Charles is a bandmaster and com- 
 poser of popular dance music. 
 
 Cope, Samuel, bandmaster, son of a band- 
 master in the West of England. As a boy he 
 sang in a Church choir, and played in a drum 
 and fife band, afterwards taking to the cornet, 
 on which he became a proficient performer. 
 After holding various appointments he was. 
 offered, and accepted, in 1888, the conduc- 
 torship of the Queen's Park (West London) 
 Military Band, a position he still holds. He 
 founded the magazine. The British Bandsman 
 (the title has since been changed to The 
 Orchestral Times and British Musician)^ 
 which he edited for some years. He was also 
 editor of the Champion Journal, the pioneer 
 of popular band jovirnal music, founded at. 
 Hull, by the late Richard Smith, in 1853 ; 
 and has composed a large number of xjieces,, 
 of which only a few have been published. 
 
 Copland, Charles, baritone vocalist, born 
 at Brightlingsea, Essex, August 20, 1861. Son 
 of a distinguished London physician. Studied 
 under F. Walker, at the Guildhall School, 
 and R.A.M. Evill prizeholder, 1885. Later,, 
 he studied abroad, and took lessons from the 
 late Eugene Oudin. During his student days, 
 he sang in London occasionally, 1884-5 ; and 
 in Otto Booth's operetta, "Traveller's Rest,"' 
 1887, gave the first evidence of his histrionic 
 talent. He appeared at the Promenade Con- 
 certs, Her Majesty's Theatre, 1887, and also 
 at Covent Garden Theatre. In the South of 
 France, 1887-8, he sang, by request, to the 
 late Dom Pedro, Emperor of Brazil. He was 
 engaged to lolay Isaac of York, in " Ivanhoe," 
 at its production, January 31, 1891, a part he 
 sustained through the run of the opera. In 
 December, 1894, he created the part of the' 
 Broom-maker, in " Hansel and Gretel," when 
 produced at Daly's Theatre. He has also 
 appeared, with success, at the principal Con- 
 certs, Royal Albert Hall, etc. 
 
 Corbett, Felix, organist and conductor, 
 born at Cinderford, Forest of Dean, Gloucester- 
 shire, July 3, 1861. Son of J. F. Corbett, a 
 colliery proprietor. The family moving to 
 Birmingham, he studied under James Stinip- 
 son, of that town. In 1882 he was appointed 
 organist and choirmaster of the Parish Church, 
 Middlesbrough, in which town he has for 
 some years given a series of excellent concerts, 
 and has played at Harrison's Concerts, Bir- 
 mingham and elsewhere. He is the composer 
 of a number of songs ; of which one entitled 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 101 
 
 L, ic 
 
 CORBETT. 
 
 "Butterflies" (Algernon Swinburne), has en- 
 joyed great popularity. 
 
 Corbett, Samuel, organist and composer, 
 born at Wellington, Shropshire, January 29, 
 1852. Pupil of James Stimpson (Birmingham), 
 and of Sir G. A. INIacfarren and James Coward. 
 F.C.O., 1871 ; Mus. Bac., 1873 ; Mus. Doc, 
 1879, Cambridge. Organist of Christ Church, 
 Wellington, 1867; St. Mary's, Bridgenorth, 
 1875 ; All Saints', Derby, 1886 ; and Holy 
 Trinity, Bournemouth, from 1892. I\Ir. Cor- 
 bett lost his sight when only three months 
 old, but he has trained choirs, conducted 
 concerts, and frequently played from memory 
 the whole of such works as the Messiah, Israel, 
 Elijah, etc. He committed to memory the 
 score of Israel in Egypt in six weeks, for his 
 Mus. D. examination, and was the first person 
 so situated to pass. As a teacher he has been 
 eminently successful. His compositions are : 
 *' Bethany," a cantata ; Sonata for pf. ; 
 Evening Service in P ; Anthem ; Songs, and 
 part-songs, etc. He has acted as press 
 correspondent for the Birmingham and other 
 Festivals, following by ear every note in a 
 score. 
 
 Corbett, William, composer and violinist, 
 born about 1669. Member of King's Band. 
 Travelled in Italy, Burney says, on behalf of 
 the English Government, who paid him to 
 watch the movements of the Pretender. 
 Returned to England, 1740, where he died, 
 in 1748. He collected a valuable musical 
 library. 
 
 Wqrks. — Op. 1, Sonata for two violins and 
 bass, London, 1705; Op. 2, Sonata for two 
 flutes and bass, London, 1706 ; Op. 3, Sonata 
 for two flutes and bass, London, 1707 ; Op. 4, 
 Six Sonatas, a 3" for two flutes or two 
 German flutes and a bass, consisting of pre- 
 ludes, allemands, corants, sarabands, gavots, 
 and jiggs. Book 1 ; Six Sonatas for two violins 
 and thoro'-bass for the spinet or harpsichord, 
 Book 2, London, n.d. ; Six Sonatas for two 
 oboes or trumpets, two violins, and bass ; 
 Concertos, or Universal Bizzarries, composed 
 on all the new Gustos during many years' 
 residence in Italy, op. 5, London, 1741 ; 
 Twelve Concertos for various instruments ; 
 Music to " Henry IV.," 1700 ; Music to 
 " Love Betrayed," 1703 ; Songs in collec- 
 tions, etc. 
 
 Corder, Frederick, composer and con- 
 ductor, born in London, January 26, 1852. 
 Though he showed musical talent at an early 
 age, he was intended for a business career ; 
 and it was not until 1874 that he entered the 
 R. A.M. as a student. The next year he gained 
 the Mendelssohn Scholarship, and studied 
 four years with Ferdinand Hiller at Cologne. 
 
 oon after his return to England he was ap- 
 Ipointed conductor at the Brighton Aquarium, 
 June, 1880, an office he resigned, September, 
 
 CORPE. 
 
 1882. He gave many important works during 
 that period, and greatly improved the charac- 
 ter of the concerts. The next few years were 
 given up to musical composition and literature. 
 In 1890 he was appointed orchestral director 
 at Trinity College, London ; Curator of the 
 R.A.M. ; and conductor of the Borough of 
 Hackney Choral Association. In 1891 he was 
 elected a member of the managing committee, 
 R.A.M., and in 1892, a Fellow of the Institu- 
 tion. He was editor of The Overture, a 
 monthly paper published bv students of the 
 R.A.M.; 1890-4 ; and, in 1896, lectured at the 
 Royal Institution on Berlioz, Wagner, and 
 Liszt. His contributions to the press have 
 been voluminous and important, including 
 elaborate analyses of Wagner's works, and 
 translations of " Die Meistersinger," and 
 " Der Ring des Nibelungen," in which he was 
 assisted by his accomplished wife, a lady 
 (born Walford) not unknown in literary and 
 artistic society. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Morte d'Arthur, in four 
 acts (1877-9) ; Nordisa (produced by Carl Rosa, 
 Liverpool, January 26, 1887). Operettas: 
 Philomel (1880) ; A storm in a tea-cup (1880); 
 The Nabob's Pickle (Brighton, September, 
 1883) ; The Noble Savage (Brighton, October, 
 1885). Cantatas: The Cyclops (1880); The 
 Bridal of Triermain (Wolverhampton Festival, 
 1886) ; The Sword of Argantyr (Leeds Festival, 
 1889) ; Dreamland, ode for chorus and orches- 
 tra ; The Minstrel's Curse, for declamation 
 and orchestra ; The Blind Girl of Castel, 
 cantata, female voices ; Songs, various. For 
 orchestra : Evening on the sea-shore, Idyl 
 (1876) ; Suite, In the Black Forest (composed 
 1876 ; performed, Crystal Palace, March 20, 
 1880). Overtures : Ossian (Philharmonic 
 Society, March, 1882) ; Prospero (Crystal 
 Palace, October, 1885); Nocturne (1882, 
 Brighton Festival) ; Suite, Scenes from the 
 Tempest (1880) ; Roumanian Suite (composed 
 for, and produced by Philharmonic Society, 
 1887). Roumanian dances, violin and pf. 
 Literari/ : Exercises in Harmony and Counter- 
 point (Forsyth, 1891) ; A jilain and easy 
 introduction to Music, or the new ]\Iorley 
 (Forsyth, 1893) ; The Orchestra, and how to 
 write for it (Robert Cocks, 1896) ; Articles in 
 Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians. 
 
 Cordner, William John, organist, born 
 at Duncannon, Wexford, Ireland, 1826. Went 
 to Australia in 1854, and was organist at 
 St. Patrick's, Sydney, until 1856, when he 
 was appointed to St. Mary's R. C. Cathedral, 
 an office he held until his death, July 15, 
 1870. He was held in much estimation as 
 a teacher. 
 
 Corfe, Joseph, oi-ganist, writer, and com- 
 poser, born at Salisbury in 1740. Chorister 
 at Salisbury Cathedral. Gentleman of Chapel 
 Royal, 1783. Organist and choir-master at 
 
102 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 CORFE. 
 
 Salisbury Cathedral, 1792-1804. He died at 
 Salisbury, September, 1820. 
 
 Works. — A Treati.se on Singing, explaining 
 in the most simple manner all the Rules for 
 learning to Sing by Note without the assist- 
 ance of an Instrument, with some Observa- 
 tions on Vocal Music, London, fob, 1791, 
 another ed., 1801 ; Thorough-bass Simplified, 
 London, n.d. Beauties of Handel, being 154 
 songs, duetts, and trios witli accompaniment 
 for pf., .3 vols., n.d. • Beauties of Purcell, 
 2 vols., n.d. ; First Set of 12 Glees, n.d. ; 
 Second Set of 12 Glees; Third Set of 12 Glees, 
 in score for 3 and 4 voices, from melodies of 
 Sacchini, Paisiello, Haydn, Pleyel, Storace, 
 etc. Sacred Music, consisting of a selection 
 of the most admired pieces, adapted to some 
 of the choicest music of Jomelli, Pergolesi, 
 Perez, Martini, Biretti, etc., 2 vols., Salisbury, 
 n.d. ; Three Collections of Scottish Songs ; 
 Anthems ; Nine Vocal Trios, harmonized, 
 London, n.d. 
 
 Corfe, Arthur Thomas, composer, or- 
 ganist, and writer, son of above, was born at 
 Salisbury, April 9, 1773. Chorister in West- 
 minster Abbey, 1782. He studied under Dr. 
 Cooke and Clementi. Organist and choir- 
 master of Salisbury Cathedral, 1804. He died 
 at Salisbury, January 28, 1863. Buried in 
 Salisbury Cathedral. 
 
 Works. — Anthems ; Church Services ; Pf . 
 music. The Principles of Harmony and Tho- 
 rough-Bass explained, London, n.d. Songs; 
 Glees, etc. Anthems adapted from Mozart, etc. 
 Corfe, Charles William, organist and 
 composer, son of the above, born at Salisbury, 
 July 13, 1814. Studied under bis father, etc. 
 Organist of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, 
 December, 1846. Mus. Bac, Oxon., March, 
 1847. Conductor of the Oxford University 
 Motett and Madrigal Society, 1848. Mus. 
 Doc, Oxon., Juno, 1852. Choragus of the 
 University of Oxford, 1860. He died at Ox- 
 ford, December 16, 1883. 
 
 Works. — Vocal music, as songs, part-songs; 
 Anthems. 
 
 Corkine, William, lute player and com- 
 poser, was born in the latter part of the 16th 
 century, and died in the first part of the 17th 
 century. 
 
 Works. — Ayres to Sing and Play to the 
 Lute and Basse Violl, with Pavins, Galliards, 
 Almaines, and Corantos for the Lyra Violl, 
 1610 ; the Second Booke of Ayres, some to 
 sing and play to the Base violl aloiie, etc., 1612. 
 Cornish, William, English poet and 
 musician, flourished about 1500. He wrote a 
 " Parable between Information and Musike," 
 a poem, which will be found in Hawkins. 
 He was a member of the Cha]3el Royal choir, 
 and died 1526. His compositions exist in 
 MS. His son William was also a composer. 
 Cornwall, Channon, pianist and com- 
 
 COSYN. 
 
 poser, born at Aberdeen, in 1845. He was 
 organist of St. John's Episcopal Church, 
 Glasgow, and in 1880 he became accompanist 
 to the Glasgow Choral Union. Composer of 
 some part-songs, etc. He was drowned in the 
 Forth and Clyde Canal, Glasgow, May 4, 1885. 
 Corri, Montague, second son of Dominico 
 Corri (Rome, 1746, London, 1825), was born 
 at Edinburgh in 1784. He studied under his 
 father, Winter, and Steibelt, and became 
 composer to the Surrey and Astley's Theatres, 
 London. In 1816-17 he was chorus-master 
 to the English Opera House. Afterwards, he 
 resided successively at Edinburgh, Newcastle, 
 Manchester, and Liverpool. He died at 
 London, September 19, 1849. His brother, 
 Haydn, was born at Edinburgh, in 1785, and. 
 resided chiefly in Dublin as a conductor and 
 teacher. He died at Dublin, February 19, 
 1860. His wife (born 1800; died 1867), was 
 an operatic singer. His sister, Sophie (born 
 
 at Edinburgh, 1775; died ?), was a singer 
 
 and harp player. She married J. L. Dussek 
 (1761-1812), the composer. Frances, or 
 Fanny Corri, a mezzo-soprano vocalist, was 
 a daughter of Dominico Corri's brother Natale 
 (1765-1822), and was born at Edinburgh in 
 1801. She studied under her father, and 
 Braham, and first appeared at the King's 
 Theatre, London. Afterwards, she appeared 
 in Germany, Italy, Spain, and Rus.sia, and in 
 1821 she married Signor Paltoni. Her sister 
 Ros.\LiE (born 1803), was also a singer, who 
 appeared in London from 1820. Other mem- 
 bers of this musical family were Eugene 
 Dussek (1815 ; February 4, 1870), a bass 
 vocalist, who married Annie TniRLWALii. 
 (1830; London, October 19, 1881), a soprano 
 singer; Henry (1822; Philadelphia, February 
 28, 1888) a bass singer, son of Haydn the 
 elder; Patrick Anthony (born Dublin, 1820; 
 died Bradford, June 1, 1876), a singer, con- 
 ductor, and composer, another son of Haydn 
 the elder ; and Haydn, Junr. (born in 1842 ; 
 died December 19, 1877), a baritone singer. 
 
 Costeley, William, Scottish composer, 
 was born in 1531. He settled in France as 
 organist to Henry 11. and Charles IX. He 
 was a naember of the society known as ' ' Puy 
 de musique a honneur de Ste. Cecile." He 
 died at Evreux in 1606. His works consist of 
 songs in Le Roy's Collections of Chansons, etc., 
 and a treatise entitled "Musique," Paris, 1579. 
 Cosyn, Benjamin, composer for, and per- 
 former on, the Virginals, who flourished in 
 first part of 17th century. He wrote music 
 of a difficult and complicated style for his 
 instrument, and was one of the best per- 
 formers of his day. 
 
 Cosyn, John, composer, probably a rela- 
 tion of above. Wrote " Musicke of six and 
 five parts made upon the common tunes used 
 in singing of the Psalms," 1585. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 103 
 
 COTES. 
 
 Cotes, Digby, clei-gymau and writer, 
 author of "Music a rational assistant in the 
 duty of praise when united with charity, a 
 Sermon," 1756. 
 
 Cotterill, Thomas, musician and editor, 
 published " Christian Psalmody for congrega- 
 tional or family use, arranged and harmonized 
 by S. Mather and other professors under the 
 direction of Thomas Cotterill," London, 18-31. 
 
 Cottman, Arthur, amateur composer, 
 born 1842. He was a solicitor by profession, 
 and died at Ealing on June 3, 1879. He 
 published " Ten Original Tunes," 1872, among 
 which is "Caterham," a hymn tune which 
 has been used in various Church hymn-books. 
 
 Couldery, Claudius Herbert, composer 
 and pianist, born at Lewisbam, Kent, August 
 17, 1842. He learnt to play while a child, 
 but some years were j)assed in business pur- 
 suits before he was able to devote himself to 
 the art of music. Then he entered the R.A.M., 
 studying harmony under Sir John Goss, com- 
 position with Sir W. S. Bennett, etc. A 
 sacred cantata, " Christ's entry into Jerusa- 
 lem," was performed at the R.A.M., and drew 
 attention to the composer's ability. His chief 
 works are — Overture, Richard I., performed 
 at the Crystal Palace, February 14, 1885 ; 
 Overture, To the memory of a hero (at the 
 same) February 8, 1890 ; Suite in C minor, a 
 romaiice from which has been given in many 
 places in England and Scotland ; and a Cradle 
 Song, in D flat, Crystal Palace, November 18, 
 1893 ; Suite in C, composed 1893-5 ; Andante 
 religioso, St. Cecilia, for organ, harp, violin, 
 and orchestra. Crystal Palace, November 2, 
 1895. Twelve Reveries, op. 15 ; three series 
 of studies, pf., etc. 
 
 Courteville, Raphael, musician, who 
 was born in first part of the 17th century. 
 He was Gentleman of the Chapel Roj^al in 
 time of Charles I., and founder of the Courte- 
 ville family. He died on December 28, 1675. 
 
 Courteville, Raphael, organist and com- 
 poser, son of above, was born in the latter 
 part of 17th century. Organist of St. James' 
 Church, Westminster, 1691. He died in June, 
 1772. 
 
 Works. — Don Quixote, opera by D'Urfey 
 (with Pui'cell, etc.), 1696 ; Six Sonatas for two 
 violins ; Sonatas for two flutes, 1685 ; Songs 
 in contemporary collections; "St. James" 
 psalm tune, etc. He was a severe political 
 writer, and gained the nickname of Court-evil. 
 He wrote " Memoirs of Lord Burleigh," 1738, 
 and a number of political squibs. 
 
 Courteville, John, English song-writer 
 of the 17th century, son of Raphael, the elder. 
 His works appear in the " Theater of ]Music," 
 1685-87, etc. 
 
 Courtney, Wililam, tenor vocalist, born 
 in Monmouthshire. Studied under F. Bodda, 
 Sidney Naylor, and afterwards with Vannuc- 
 
 COWARD. 
 
 cini, at Florence. Toured with Louisa Pyne 
 and F. Bodda; sang in Cellier's "Nell 
 Gwynne," and Sullivan's " Trial by Jury," 
 when first produced ; and was, for a short 
 time, a member of the Carl Rosa Opera Com- 
 pany. Subsequently went to America, singing 
 first at Boston. Settled as a teacher, in New 
 York, removing to Denver, Colorado, 1896. 
 
 Cousins, Charles, musician and band- 
 master, was born near Portsmouth, January 
 2, 1830. Educated at the Royal Hospital 
 Schools, Greenwich, from 1841. Assistant 
 band-master of the Royal Caledonian Asylum, 
 1846. Member of band of the 1st Life Guards, 
 under Mr. James Waddell. Studied at Kneller 
 Hall, Hounslow, for a band-mastership. Band- 
 master of 2nd Dragoon Guards, October, 1863. 
 Served with Guards in India, 1864-70. Held 
 appointment till 1874. Director of Music at 
 Kneller Hall, November 1, 1874. He died in 
 June, 1890. 
 
 Coutts, W. Q. Ithuriel. Author of 
 " Scottish versus Classic Music, and the ethi- 
 cal and ffisthetical aspect of the question," 
 Edinburgh, 1877 (2 eds.). 
 
 Coward, Henry, composer and conductor, 
 born in Liverpool. November 26, 1849, but a 
 Yorkshireman by family and descent, and 
 resident in Sheffield as conductor and teacher. 
 He is a graduate of the Tonic Sol-fa College ; 
 Mus. Bac, 1889; Mus. Doc, 1894, Oxford. 
 Lecturer on Music, Firth College ; Teacher of 
 Singing at the Girls' High School, Sheffield ; 
 Conductor of the Musical Union, 1880; and 
 Amateur Listrumental Society, Sheffield, 1878. 
 Chorus-master, Sheffield Festival, 1896. ]\Iusi- 
 cal critic, for the provincial and Handel Fes- 
 tivals, to the Sheffield Independent : Conduc- 
 tor of the festivals of the Sheffield Sunday 
 School Union, etc. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : Magna Charta, Shef- 
 field, February, 1882 ; Queen Victoria, 1885 ; 
 The Story of Bethany, 1891; The King's 
 Error (Crystal Palace, Tonic Sol-fa Festival, 
 July, 1894), and Heroes of Faith (Sheffield, 
 September, 1895). The Fairy IMirror, cantata 
 for ladies' voices, with tableaux vivants. An- 
 thems, Sunday School pieces. Temperance 
 choruses. School songs, H3aTin tunes, Glees, 
 etc. 
 
 Coward, Hilda, soprano vocalist, daughter 
 of the late James Coward. Pupil of Madame 
 Sainton-Dolby. She made her debut at a 
 concert given by W. Lemare, at the Crystal 
 Palace, Monday, March 6, 1882, taking part 
 in F. Clay's "Lalla Rookh"; and appeared 
 at the Crystal Palace Saturday Concerts, Oct- 
 ober 27, 1883. After singing in various pro- 
 vincial concerts, she was engaged for the 
 Hereford Festival of 1885, singing in the con- 
 certed music in " Elijah," and Gounod's 
 "Redemption," and with great success at the 
 concluding Chamber concert. Severe illness 
 
104 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY 
 
 COWARD. 
 
 compelled her to spend the winter of 1887-8 
 in a milder climate, and her public appear- 
 ances since then have not been frequent. 
 
 Coward, James, organist and composer, 
 born at London, January 25, 1824. Chorister 
 in Westminster Abbey. Organist of Crystal 
 Palace, 1857-80. He died at London, January 
 22, 1880. 
 
 Works. — Full anthem, " O Lord, correct 
 me." Ten glees, for 4 and 5 voices, Lon- 
 don, 1857; Ten glees, London, 1871. Numerous 
 dart-songs, songs, etc. 
 
 His brother, William (born in London, 
 1826 ; died 1873), was an alto singer in West- 
 minster Abbey. 
 
 Coward, James Munro, composer and 
 performer on the Mustel organ, understood to 
 be connected with the firnr of Metzler & Co. 
 Has given performances at the South Ken- 
 sington Exhibition, 1885 (The "Inventions,") 
 Prince's Hall, and other places, exhibiting 
 much skill in improvisation. He has com- 
 posed a cantata, " The Fishers," produced at 
 Portman Hall, April 9, 1889; A Jubilee Hymn, 
 for chorus and military band (Crystal Palace, 
 1887) ; and pieces for American organ, etc. 
 Editor of American Organ Journal (]Metzler). 
 Cowell, Samuel Haughton, comedian, 
 and comic singer, born at London, April 6, 
 1820. Son of Joseph Leathley Cowell (1792- 
 1863), the actor, by whom he was taken to 
 the United States in 1822. He resided for a 
 number of years in the States, and appeared 
 there as an actor ; afterwards he appeared in 
 Edinburgh, where he acted under his uncle, 
 W. H. Murray, and where he was married, in 
 1842, to Emilie Marguerite Ebsworth. He 
 appeared in London as an actor and singer, 
 and subsequently sang chiefly as a comic 
 vocalist in various parts of Britain, laying tlie 
 foundation, to a considerable extent, of the 
 modern m.usic-hall profession. He died at 
 Blandford, Dorset, March 11, 1864. His songs 
 were published in many different collections, 
 such as " Sam Cowell's new universal illus- 
 trated pocket songster," London [1856] ,4 vols., 
 and among his most successful songs may be 
 named "Lord Lovel," " Alonzo the Brave," 
 "Billy Barlow," "Rat-Catcher's daughter," 
 " Corn cobs," etc. 
 
 Cowen, Frederic Hymen, composer, 
 conductor, and pianist, born at Kingston, 
 Jamaica, January 29. 1852. Brought to 
 England when four years old, and placed 
 under the tuition of Julius Benedict, and 
 John Goss, with whom he remained until 
 1865. His " ]\Iima Waltz " was published in 
 1858. Studied at Leipzig and Berlin, under 
 Hauptmann, Moscheles, Reinecke, and others, 
 returning to London in 1868. He soon became 
 known as a brilliant pianist and composer, 
 giving his first concert, June 24, 1868, at 
 Dudley House, and introducing his pianoforte 
 
 COWEN. 
 
 trio in A minor. Other works followed, and 
 at liis orchestral concert, St. James's Hall, 
 December 9, 1869, he produced his first sym- 
 phony (in C minor). Shortly after he went 
 on tour, as pianist and accompanist, with 
 operatic concert parties ; gave a series of 
 Saturday Evening Concerts in St. James's 
 Hall, 1880-1 ; conducted at the Promenade 
 Concerts, Covent Garden, 1880. During the 
 next two years he appeared at various places 
 in Germany, conducting his own compositions. 
 Conducted concerts at the Crystal Palace 
 (December 16, 1882 ; December 18, 1884, etc. ;) 
 Philharmonic Society (May 7 and 28, 1884) ; 
 was given the post of Musical Director of the 
 Melbourne Centennial Exhibition, 1888 ; and 
 visited Sydney. Conductor of the Philhar- 
 monic Society, 1888-92 ; appointed successor 
 to the late Sir Charles Halle as conductor of 
 the Liverpool Philharmonic Society, and the 
 Halle Concerts, Manchester, 1896. Conducted 
 various compositions at the principal musical 
 festivals, 1876-95. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Pauline (Lyceum, Carl 
 Rosa, November 22, 1876) ; Thorgrim (book 
 by Joseph Bennett, produced Drury Lane, 
 April 20, 1890; Signa (Dal Verme Theatre, 
 Milan, November 12, 1893) ; Harold (book by 
 Sir Ed. Malet, produced at Covent Garden, 
 in English — an unique occurrence — June 8, 
 1895). Operettas: Garibaldi (an early work) ; 
 One too many (German Reed, 1874). Inci- 
 dental music to Maid of Orleans (1871). 
 Oratorios and Cantatas : The Rose Maiden 
 (1870) ; The Corsair (Birmingham Festival, 
 1876 : The Deluge (Brighton Festival, 1878) ; 
 St. Ursula (Norwich Festival, 1881) ; The 
 Sleeping Beauty (Birmingham, 1885) ; Ruth 
 (Worcester, 1887) ; Song of Thanksgiving 
 (Melbourne, 1888) ; St. John's Eve (Crystal 
 Palace, 1889) ; The Water Lily (Norwich, 
 1893); The Transfiguration (Gloucester, 1895). 
 For female voices : Summer on the river ; 
 Christmas scenes ; The Rose of Life ; A 
 daughter of the sea, etc. Part-songs, trios, 
 duets, etc. Many songs, among which may 
 be mentioned : Two Roses ; Marguerite ; The 
 better land ; The unfinished song ; More than 
 all to me ; The promise of life ; Nine songs 
 (Longfellow) ; Songs for children (1896), etc. 
 Orcliestral : Symphonv, No. 1, in C minor 
 (1869) ; No. 2, in F (1872) ; No. 3, in C minor. 
 The Scandinavian, produced St. James's Hall, 
 December 18, 1880, and since heard the world 
 over ; No. 4, in B flat minor. Philharmonic, 
 May 28, 1884; No. 5, in F (Cambridge, 1887). 
 Overtures, etc. D minor (1866) ; Festival 
 (Norwich, 1872); Characteristic o\erture, 
 Niagara ; and others. Suites : The Language 
 of flowers (1880) ; In the olden time (for 
 strings, 1883) ; In Fairyland (Philharmonic, 
 May 6, 1896) ; Four English dances in the 
 olden style ; Sinfonietta in A ; Marches, etc. 
 
BFJTISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 105 
 
 COX. 
 
 Concerto in A minor, pf . and orchestra ; 
 Quartet in C ininor ; Trio in A minor, pf . and 
 strings; Sonata fantasia, Allegretto grazioso, 
 Romance and scherzo, Valses, and other pieces 
 for pf., etc. 
 
 Cox, Frank Rowland, professor of sing- 
 ing, born at Exeter, September, 1819. In- 
 tended to follow his father's profession, a 
 solicitor, but deciding for music, was admitted 
 as an out-student of the Royal Academy of 
 Music in October, 1839, and, later, was a 
 pupil of Domenico Crivelli. In 1849 he was 
 appointed an Assistant Professor of Singing 
 at the Royal Academy of Music ; in 1852 was 
 made an Associate, and in 1862 elected a 
 Member. He joined the Committee in 1868, 
 and was elected a Director in 1880. With the 
 exception of a short period passed at Trent- 
 ham, his whole j)rofessional life was devoted 
 to this Institution. He died in London, April 
 3, 1891, at the age of 71. Translator of Cri- 
 velli's " L'Arte del Canto," last edition, 1850. 
 
 Cox, Mrs. Harry, sec Cantelo Annie. 
 
 Cox, Rev. John Edmund, D.D., clergy- 
 man and writer, was born at Norwich, October 
 9, 1812. Vicar of St. Helen's, and St. Martin's, 
 Bishopsgate, London, 1849, etc. Author of 
 "Musical Recollections of the last Half Cen- 
 tury," London, 2 vols., 1872. He was Hon. 
 Chaplain of the Roval Society of INIusicians. 
 He died at Bath, October 27, i890. 
 
 Coy, Harry, organist and composer. Be- 
 came F.R.C.O., 1878 ; graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1878 ; Mus. Doc, 1885, Oxford. Organist and 
 choirmaster, St. John the Divine, Brookland, 
 near Manchester, from 1878 ; Conductor of 
 Sale District Musical Society, 1892. Com- 
 poser of a sacred cantata, " Esther " ; a setting 
 of Psalm 85, for tenor solo, chorus, and or- 
 chestra ; anthems, etc. 
 
 Craig, Adam, Scottish violinist and col- 
 lector, born in latter half of 17th century. 
 He performed at the public concerts in Edin- 
 burgh during his lifetime. Died at Edin- 
 burgh, September 3, 1741. 
 
 Works. — A Collection of the choicest Scots 
 Tunes, adapted for the Harp or Spinnet, and 
 within the compass of the voice, violin, or 
 German Flute, Edinburgh,- 1730. A manu- 
 script volume of original compositions by 
 Craig was exposed for sale in 1728. 
 
 Craig, John Millar, conductor and bari- 
 tone vocalist, born in Edinburgh, November 
 15, 1839. Was apprenticed to a printer, and 
 during that time studied singing under A. W. 
 Smith, and Signer Bucher. When twenty- 
 six years of age, devoted himself to music as 
 a profession, and began teaching. He after- 
 wards studied at INIilan and Florence, with 
 Leoni and Romani. Held several appoint- 
 ments as Precentor, and in 1886, succeeded 
 the late James Allan as conductor of the 
 famous Glasgow Select Choir. Has sung in 
 
 CRAWFORD. 
 
 many towns in' Scotland, and with the Choir 
 has made tours of the United Kingdom, giving 
 an annual concert in London on St. Andrew's 
 Day. He is also conductor of the Edinburgh 
 Bach Society. As a teacher he has had many 
 pupils who have taken high positions as 
 singers. His wife, born Elizabeth Noble, 
 studied singing first with her husband, then 
 under Professor Goetze, in Leipzig. She sings 
 occasionally in concerts in Edinburgh, but is 
 chiefly occupied in teaching, in which she 
 has met with great success, Thomas Craig, 
 brother of J. M. Craig, is a pianist. He was 
 born in Edinburgh, October 1, 1851. Studied 
 at Leipzig Conservatorium. He has played 
 at Chamber concerts in Edinburgh, and is 
 teacher of the pf. at George Watson's College, 
 Edinburgh. 
 
 Crament, John Maude, organist, con- 
 ductor, and composer, born at Bolton-Percy, 
 Yorkshire, April 2, 1845. Studied under (Sir) 
 G. A. Macfarren, and at the Hoch Schule, 
 Berlin, under Haupt, and Kiel. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1880. Professor of Music 
 at the Church Education Society's Training 
 College, Dublin, 1873-5. Organist of Bromp- 
 ton Parish Church, and now of St. Paul's, 
 Kensington. Secretary and conductor, People's 
 Entertainment Society, 1879-92 : Conductor 
 of Choral Societies at Richmond, Surbiton, 
 and Putney ; Kensington Oratorio Society, 
 and Orpheus Musical Society (men's voices), 
 etc. His compositions comprise a setting of 
 Psalm 145, for soli, chorus, and orchestra 
 (Richmond, Januarv, 1887). Cantatas : May 
 Morn ; Little Red Riding Hood ; The Crystal 
 Cup (for female voices). Anthems, carols, 
 songs, and part-songs. 
 
 Crampton, Thomas, organist, composer 
 and editor, born Sheerness, 1817. Has edited 
 several collections of choral music, and com- 
 posed anthems, glees, and instrumental music. 
 He was made purchaser of nriisic to the British 
 Museum in 1875. Editor of Pitman's Musical 
 Monthly. He died at Chiswick, April 13, 
 1885. 
 
 Cranford, William, composer of the 17th 
 century. He was one of the choristers of St. 
 Paul's Cathedral, London, in 1650. He com- 
 posed rounds, catches, and songs, printed in 
 the collections of Hilton, Playford, etc. 
 
 Craven, John Thomas, writer and 
 teacher, born in 179G. Author of " The Child's 
 First Singing Book," London, n.d. ; "The 
 Child's First Music Book, or Introduction to 
 the Art of Playing the Pianoforte," Lon- 
 don, n.d. 
 
 Crawford, Major George Arthur, M. A., 
 writer on ]\Iusic, born in Dublin, 1827. His 
 chief work was in connection with Church 
 music, and consisted of articles in the 
 Musical Times ; Grove's Dictionary of Music 
 and Musicians; and Julian's Dictionary of 
 
106 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 CRAWFORD. 
 
 Hymnology. He compiled the biographical 
 index in the Irish Church Hymnal. He was 
 a member of the Musical Association, 1874-91, 
 and frequently spoke at the meetings, his 
 great knowledge giving more than ordinary 
 value to his remarks In 1881, he issued 
 " Succession of Organists ... of the cathedral 
 churches of St, Patrick, Armagh ; of the Holy 
 Trinity . . . and of St. Patrick, Dublin," etc. 
 A small tract of 39 pages, containing brief 
 biographical notices of the organists." He died 
 at Sevenoaks, June 9, 1893. 
 
 Crawford, William, composer and pianist, 
 was born in 1848 ; died at Glasgow, March 2, 
 1878. He composed a considerable number 
 of pieces for the pianoforte, many of which 
 were issued under the pseudonyms of "Rud- 
 olph Rookford," and "Frank B. Ashton. His 
 father, James Paul Ceawford (1825-1887), 
 is best known as a minor poet, his poem, 
 entitled " The Drunkard's raggit wean," being 
 a popular piece of its kind. 
 
 Creser, William, organist and composer, 
 born in York, 1844, his father being choir- 
 master of St. John's Church in that city. He 
 was a chorister in York Llinster at eight, and 
 studied for some time under (Sir) G. A. Mac- 
 farren. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1869 ; Mus. 
 Doc, 1880, Oxfcrd. F.R.C.O., and Associate 
 of the Philharmonic Society. When fifteen, 
 he was organist of Holy Trinity, Micklegate, 
 York; then of St. Paul's; and (1863-75) St. 
 Andrew's, Grinton. In 1875 he was appointed 
 to St. Martin's, Scarborough, and to the 
 Leeds Parish Church, 1881. Here he re- 
 mained ten years, maintaining the reputation 
 of the musical servicss, and producing Bach's 
 Matthew Passion, and other great works on 
 special occasions. In 1891 he was ap- 
 pointed organist of the Chapel Royal, St. 
 James's, and composer to Her Majesty's 
 Chapels Royal. Conductor, Western ]\Iadrigal 
 Society, 1896. He has given concerts at Leeds, 
 and organ recitals at the Edinburgh Exhi- 
 bition, 1890 ; Exeter Hall, 1891 ; Bow and 
 Bromley Institute, 1892, etc. His wife, born 
 Amelia Clarke, is a contralto vocalist of 
 repute, who has sung at many concerts in 
 Yorkshire, and the Metropolis, with much 
 success. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, Micaiah ; Mass in C ; 
 Psalm 46, motet for double choir ; Psalm 145, 
 for soli, chorus, and orchestra ; Luther's hymn 
 (Latin version). Cantatas, Eudora (Leeds, 
 1882) ; The Golden Legend ; The Sacrifice 
 of Freia (book by F. Hueffer, produced at the 
 Leeds Festival, October 10, 1889) ; and Teg- 
 ner's Drapa (Longfellow). Operetta, Naxine ; 
 various songs. Old English suite for orchestra 
 (Queen's Hall, May, 1896) ; Quartet in A 
 minor, strings ; Trio in A, pf. and strings ; 
 Sonata, pf. and violin ; Sonata in A minor, 
 and other pieces for organ. 
 
 CROFT. 
 
 Creyghton, Robert, D.D., divine and 
 composer, was born at Cambridge in 1639. 
 He became Professor of Greek in the Uni- 
 versity of Cambridge in 1662; Canon Resi- 
 dentiary and Precentor of Wells Cathedral, 
 1674. He died at Wells, February 17, 1733. 
 
 Works. — Services in E fiat and B flat. 
 Anthems — Behold now, praise the Lord ; I 
 will arise ; Praise the Lord, my soul, etc. 
 Music mostly in MS. 
 
 Creyghton is chiefly remarkable for a ca- 
 dence which he employed at the close of his 
 compositions, styled by some writers the 
 " Creyghtonian seventh." 
 
 Crisp, William, musician, compiled 
 " Divine Harmony, or the Psalm Singer in- 
 structed," London, 1755. 
 
 Croager, Edward George, organist and 
 conductor, born in London, June 20, 1861. 
 Chorister, St. Andrew's, Wells Street ; after- 
 wards studied at R.A.M., obtaining the Cer- 
 tificate of Merit, and being made an Associate. 
 He was for some years assistant organist at- 
 St. Andrew's, and afterwards organist and 
 choirmaster successively at Quebec Chapel, 
 St. Mark's, North Audley Street, and St. 
 James's, West Hampstead, which post he now 
 holds. Conductor of the West Hampstead 
 Choral and Orchestral Society, the London 
 Diocesan Choral Union (II.), and Organist to 
 the London Handel Society. His patriotic 
 cantata, " Our Watchword," produced in 1888, 
 has been frequently performed. His other 
 compositions are chiefly for Church use — 
 hymn tunes, etc^ 
 
 Croat, George, composer and pianist, 
 born at Edinburgh, February 28, 1811. Son 
 of Mr. Croal, who was sub-editor of the Cale- 
 donian Mercury. He was apprenticed to 
 Alex. Robertson, music-seller, in 1823, and 
 remained with him till 1833. He was in 
 business for himself as a music-seller from 
 1840 till 1848. Afterwards he was a teacher 
 of music in Edinburgh. 
 
 Works. — The Centenary Souvenir, six 
 songs by Sir Walter Scott. Songs — Away to 
 the woods ; Emigrant's dream ; ]\Iy grannie's 
 pouch, etc. He also discovered and adapted 
 the airs now known as " When the kye comes 
 hame " (1 836), and " My Nannie's awa " (1842). 
 Under i\\e pseudonym oi " Carlo Zotti " Mr. 
 Croal has published numerous arrangements, 
 transcriptions, and dances for the pianoforte. 
 
 Croft, William, composer and organist,. 
 born at Nether-Eatington, Warwick, 1678. 
 He studied under Dr. Blow, and was chorister 
 in the Chapel Royal. He was organist of St. 
 Anne's, Soho, London, from 1700 to 1711. 
 In 1700 he became a Gentleman of the Cliapel 
 Royal; in 1704 joint organist with Jeremiah 
 Clark ; and in 1707 sole organist, In 1708 he 
 was appointed master of the choristers and 
 composer to the Chapel Royal, also organist 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 107 
 
 CROKER. 
 
 of Westminster Abbey. He resigned his post 
 at St. Anne's to John Isham in 1711. Mus. 
 Doc, Oxon., 1713. Appointed tuner of the 
 regals, a Court office, 1716. Original member 
 of the Academy of Vocal Music, 1725. He 
 died at Bath, August 14, 1727, and was buried 
 in Westminster Abbey. 
 
 WoEKS. — Operas (incidental music to 
 plays)— Courtship a la mode, 1700; The Fu- 
 neral, 1702 ; Twin rivals, 1703 ; Lying lover, 
 1704. Divine Harmony, or a new collection 
 of select anthems used at H.M. Chapel Royal, 
 etc., 1712; Cathedral Music, or thirty select 
 anthems in score, consisting of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 
 6, 7, and 8 parts . . . London, 2 vols., 1724 ; 
 Musica Sacra, or select anthems in score . . . 
 1724. Numerous single anthems. Miscel- 
 laneous Odes for public occasions. ]\Iusicus 
 Apparatus Academicus, being a composition 
 of two odes, etc., 1713. Three Odes, for degree 
 of Mus. Doc, 1715 ; Six sets of tunes for two 
 violins and bass ; Six Sonatas for two flutes. 
 Six solos for the flute. 
 
 Croft introduced the printing of music from 
 pewter plates, a practice which was generally 
 followed afterwards. 
 
 Croker, Norris, baritone vocalist of the 
 present time. Has given English song recitals 
 at Steinway Hall, London, 1890, etc. Author 
 of" Handbook for Singers," London, Augener, 
 1896. 
 
 Cromar, Rev. Alexander, writer and 
 clergyman of a Presbyterian congregation in 
 Liverpool, wrote "A Vindication of the 
 Organ — a Review of the Rev. Dr. Candish's 
 publication, entitled "The Organ Question," 
 Edinburgh, 1856. 
 
 Crome, Robert, a musician who flourished 
 during the-middle of last century. He pub- 
 lished " A Collection of Dr. Watts's divine 
 and moral songs," London [1740]. "The 
 Fiddle new model'd, or a useful introduction 
 for the violin," London [1745]. A Compleat 
 tutor for the violoncello, London [1765]. 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 Crompton, John, musician, of Southwold, 
 Suffolk. Edited "The Psalni Singer's Assist- 
 ant, or a key to psalmody, containing a new, 
 easy, and familiar introduction, with an 
 astronomical account of the two fundamental 
 keys," London, 1778. 
 
 Cromwell, Thomas, English writer, au- 
 thor of " Church Music ; a Sermon on the 
 Antiquity, Excellence, and Propriety of the 
 general adoption of the legitimate Slusic of 
 the Christian Church," London, 1843. 
 
 Crook, John, conductor and composer. 
 Sometime musical director. Theatre Royal, 
 Manchester. Composer of music to burlesques 
 "Robinson Crusoe," Avenue Theatre, 1887; 
 and " Lancelot the Lovely," the same, 1889. 
 Operetta, The Transferred Ghost. Music to 
 some of Chevalier's songs, etc. 
 
 CROSSLEY. 
 
 Crook, Joseph, musician of the first half 
 of the present century. Published " New 
 Sacred IMusic, thirty-four psalm and hymn 
 tunes for four voices," London [1839]. 
 
 Crosdill, John, violoncellist, born at Lon- 
 don, 1755. He was educated at Westminster 
 School, and became a chorister in Westminster 
 Abbey. He studied under B. Cooke and J. 
 Robinson. Member of the Royal Society of 
 Musicians, 1768-1825. Violinist in Chapel 
 Royal, 1777. Chamber-musician to Queen 
 Charlotte, 1782. Principal violoncellist at 
 the Handel Commemoration, 1784. Principal 
 'cello at Ancient Concerts, etc Married, and 
 retired, 1790. He died at Escrick, Yorkshire, 
 October, 1825. 
 
 Crosdill was violoncellist -in -ordinary to 
 King George IV., and a performer on the 
 violoncello of the greatest ability. A number 
 of anecdotes concerning him will be found in 
 Parke's " Musical Memoirs." 
 
 Cross, William, musician and organist, 
 born in latter half of 18th century. He was 
 organist of Christ Church Cathedral, St. 
 John's College, and University Church, Ox- 
 ford, 1807. He died in 1826. 
 
 Works.— Collection of Chants, Kyries, and 
 Sanctuses, n.d. A Collection of Psalm Tunes 
 for the Church of England. Loudon [1818]. 
 
 Cross, William Paterson, conductor and 
 voice-trainer, born at Blairoaks, Caldarvan, 
 Dunbartonshire, October 24, 1837. Studied 
 in Birmingham, where he was choirmaster 
 for several years cf Broad Street Presbyterian 
 Church. Settled in Greenock, 1862, as con- 
 ductor and teacher. Conductor of the Choral 
 Union, Greenock, and of other societies in the 
 locality. Has composed many songs, part- 
 songs, and pf. pieces, etc. ; arranged Scottish 
 melodies as part songs, and compiled school 
 song-books, etc. 
 
 Crosse, John, writer and musician. Au- 
 thor of "An account of the Grand Musical 
 Festival held in - eptember, 1823, in the 
 Cathedral Church of York, to which is pre- 
 fixed a Sketch of the Rise and Progress of 
 Musical Festivals in Great Britain, with Bio- 
 graphical and Historical Notes," York, 1825. 
 This is a valuable work, of more than local 
 interest. Crosse died at York, October 20, 
 1833. 
 
 Crossley, Frank Herbert, violinist and 
 conductor, born at Sheffield, May 30, 1864, 
 Studied violin and pf. under private masters. 
 In 1880 went to Natal, where he was appointed 
 Conductor of the Cathedral Choir, and of the 
 Philharmonic Society, Pietermaritzburg. 
 Afterwards went to Berlin (1887), and studied 
 violin under Emile Sauret, and composition 
 with Wilhelm Tappert. In 1890 he was 
 appointed Conductor of the Warrington Mu- 
 sical Society, and later of similar societies at 
 Runcorn, and Newtou-le- Willows, positions 
 
108 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 CROSSLEY. 
 
 he still retains. He has in MS. a cantata, 
 Ad61e, for soli, chorus, and orchestra; a string 
 quartet, etc. He has published six songs ; 
 Melody in D, violoncello and pf. ; Romance 
 in F, violin and pf. ; Three sketches, pf., etc. 
 
 Crossley, Hastings, amateur composer, 
 born at Glenburn, Antrim, August 1, 1846. 
 Studied under Berthold Tours. Professor of 
 Greek, Queen's College, Belfast. Composer 
 of Reine d'amour ; The cottage by the sea ; 
 Strew on her roses ; Under the star, and 
 other songs. 
 
 Crotch, William, writer, composer, and 
 organist, was born at Norwich, July 5, 1775. 
 He gave early evidence of great talent for 
 music, and was taken to London in 1780. 
 Assistant organist to Dr. Randall, at Cam- 
 bridge, 1786. Studied for the Church at 
 Oxford, 1788. Organist of Christ Church, 
 Oxford, 1790-1807. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1794. 
 Organist of St. John's College, Oxford, 1797- 
 1806. Professor of music at Oxford, March, 
 1797. Mus. Doc, Oxon., 1799. Lectured in 
 Music School of Oxford, 1800-4. Lectured at 
 the Royal Institution, London, 1820. First 
 Principal of the Royal Academy of Music, 
 London, 1822. He died at Taunton, Decem- 
 ber 29, 1847. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios: The Captivity of Judah, 
 1789 ; Palestine, by Bishop Heber, 1812; The 
 Captivity of Judah, re-written, 1834. Anthems: 
 Ten anthems dedicated to the Dean and 
 Chapter of Christ Church [1798] ; Thirty 
 select anthems, ed. by V. Novello, 2 vols. 
 Collection of seventy-two original single and 
 double ciiants, 1842 ; Tunes adapted to the 
 old and new versions of the psalms. . . .1807 ; 
 Be Merciful unto Me ; Comfort, Lord, the 
 Soul of Thy Servant; Holy, Holy, Holy; 
 How dear are Thy counsels ; In God's Word 
 will I rejoice; Lo! S'ar-led Chiefs ; Methinks 
 I hear the full Celestial Choir ; My God, look 
 upon me ; O come hither, and hearken ; 
 Lord God of Hosts; Sing we merrily ; The 
 Lord is King ; Who is like unto Tliee. Three 
 concertos for the organ with accompts.; Fugues 
 for the organ ; Sonatas for the pf. ; Handel's 
 oratorios (portions) adapted for the organ or 
 pf. Ode on the Accession of George IV., 
 1827; Ode to Fancy, Warton (Doctor's exer 
 cise), 1799. Glees, various. Elements of 
 Musical ComjDosition, comprehending the 
 rules of Thorough-bass and the theory of 
 Tuning, London, 1812; 2nd edition, 18.33; 
 8rd edition, Novello, 1856 ; Practical Tho- 
 rough-bass, or the art of playing from a 
 figured bass, London, n.d. ; Questions for the 
 Examination of Pupils who are studying the 
 work called Elements of ]\Iusical Composition 
 and Practical Thorough-bass, London [18.30]; 
 Substance of several courses of Lectures on 
 Music, 1831; Specimens of various styles of 
 Music referred to in a course of Lectures read 
 
 CROUCH. 
 
 at Oxford and London, and adapted to keyed 
 Instruments, London, 8 vols., n.d. ; Preludes 
 for the Pianoforte, Compositions in various 
 styles, to which are prefixed the rudiments of 
 playing the instrument [1823]. 
 
 Crotty, Leslie, baritone vocalist, born at 
 Galway in 1853. Intended for a commercial 
 life, he entered an office after leaving school, 
 and was then for some years in a bank in 
 Dublin. During this time he studied music 
 under Alessandro Cellini, and frequently sang 
 in concerts as an amateur. As such he also 
 sang at times in opera for IMr. Carl Rosa, 
 during the second visit of his company to 
 Dublin (1875?). He then went to Florence, 
 and studied under Mabellini. Returning to 
 England, he joined, in 1877, the Carl Rosa 
 Opera Company, in which he remained for a 
 little over ten years, his repertory comprising 
 the parts of Rigoletto, Henry Ashton (Lucia 
 di Lammermoor), Count di Luna (II Trova- 
 tore), Danny ]\Iann (F^ilyof Killarney), Esca- 
 millo (Carmen), and others. In 1889 he made 
 his debut at Covent Garden, in Italian Opera, 
 as the Count, in II Trovatore. In 1882 he 
 married Miss Georgina Burns (q.v.), and 
 about 1890 started a company for the produc- 
 tion in English of Rossini's opera, " Cinder- 
 ella," which successfully toured the provinces 
 for some years. 
 
 Crouch, Anna Maria, bom Phillips, 
 soprano vocalist, born at London, April 20, 
 1763. She studied under T. Linley, to whom 
 she was articled in 1779, and first appeared 
 at Drury Lane Theatre in Arne's " Artax- 
 erxes," 1780. Appeared in Ireland with 
 great success, 1783. INIarried to Mr. Crouch, 
 a lieutenant in the navy, 1785. Sang at 
 oratorios at Drury Lane, 1787. Separated 
 from Crouch, 1792. Resided afterwards with 
 IMichael Kelly. Retired from the stage, 1800. 
 She died at Brighton, October 2, 1805. 
 
 " She had a remarkably sweet voice, and a 
 naive, affecting style of singing ; this, added 
 to extraordinary personal charms, made her 
 a great favourite of the public for many 3 ears." 
 A most laudatory poem on her is entitled 
 " Euphrosyne, an Ode to Beauty: addressed 
 to Mrs. Crouch, by Silvester Otway [other- 
 wise John Oswald], London, 1788. See also 
 " IMemoirs of Mrs. Crouch," by M. Young, 
 London, 2 vols., 1806, with portrait. 
 
 Crouch, Frederick Nicholls, composer, 
 vocalist and violoncellist, born in Warren 
 Street, Fitzroy Square, London, July 31, 1808. 
 Son of P. W. Crouch, violoncellist (q-v.). At 
 the age of nine he played in the band of the 
 Royal Ooburg Theatre. Then he travelled in 
 Yorksliire and Scotland, and was for two 
 years, through necessity, a common seaman 
 on coasting smacks plying between London 
 and Leith. Through the interest of William 
 Watts, then secretary of the Philharmonic 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 109 
 
 CROUCH. 
 
 Society, be entered the orchestra of Drury 
 Lane Theatre. His voice developing, he 
 studied under WiUiani Hawes, and was iu the 
 choir of Westminster Abbey and St. Paul's 
 Cathedral. Then, entering the R.A.M., he 
 was for a short time under Crotch, Attwood, 
 Lindley, etc., and member of the Philhar- 
 monic, Ancient Concerts, and Royal Italian 
 Opera orchestras. Travelled for a time for a 
 firm of metal brokers, and invented the en- 
 graving process known as zincography. After- 
 wards musical supervisor to D'Almaine and 
 Co., London. About 1838 he was giving an 
 entertainment on the " Songs and Legends of 
 Ireland," and was for years known as the 
 Irish lecturer. The song " Kathleen IMavour- 
 neeu " was one of a series, "The Echoes of 
 the Lakes," published about 1838. In 1819 
 he went to America, and filled various offices, 
 conducting at Portland, Philadelphia, Wash- 
 ington, Richmond, etc. He joined the Con- 
 federate army, and served through the Civil 
 War. His last years were spent in Baltimore, 
 where he died, August 19, 1896. He published 
 his Autobiography in the Boston Folio, 1887 (?). 
 He wrote the music of two operas — Sir Roger 
 de Coverley, and the Fifth of November, 1670. 
 His published songs comprised — Songs of 
 Erin ; Echoes of the Past ; Bardic Reminis- 
 cences ; Songs of the Olden Time ; Songs of 
 a Rambler ; Wayside Melodies, and many 
 detached sougs by various writers, which in 
 their day had great popularity, 
 
 Crouch, Frederick William, father of 
 the above, was born in Great Smith Street, 
 Westminster, about the year 1783. He was 
 the eldest son of William Crouch (q.v.). He 
 received his first instruction from his father, 
 and was afterwards placed under John Smith, 
 a fine player, when his rapid progress soon 
 enabled him to appear in public in concertos, 
 etc. In 1817 he became second principal at 
 the Italian Opera House, and was also in the 
 orchestra of the Ancient Concerts and Phil- 
 harmonic Society. For years, and up to a 
 few months before his death, he played every- 
 where with Robert Lindley. He married 
 the daughter of John Nicholls, an eminent 
 barrister. His death took place, July, 1844. 
 He was the author of "A Complete Treatise 
 on the Violoncello" (London, Chapell, 182G), 
 based largely on the authorized Methode 
 of the Paris Conservatoire ; a Supplement, 
 with accompanied Scales and Exercises on 
 Double Stops ; Duets for two violoncellos ; 
 Duets for pf. and violoncello ; Arrangements, 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Crouch, William (father of F. W. Crouch, 
 and grandfather of F. N. Crouch), musician 
 and organist. He was for upwards of fifty 
 years organist of St. Luke's Church, Old 
 Street, London, and was also at the same 
 time, for many years organist of Clapham 
 
 CROWE. 
 
 Parish Church. Compiler of " Selection of 
 Psalm tunes, as sung iu Clapham Church," 
 Loudon [1820] ; and composer of six sonatas 
 or lessons for the harpsichord or pf., op. 1 ; 
 six sonatas for pf., op. 7 ; two sonatas for the 
 pf., op. 9 ; The Triumph of Innocence, an 
 ode ; The Maid of Selma, a song, etc. 
 
 Crow, Edwin John, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Sittingbourne, Kent, September 
 17, 1841. Chorister at Rochester Cathedral, 
 and articled pupil of the organist, Mr. J. L. 
 Hopkins, up to 1856, when the latter removed 
 to Cambridge. Under his successor, John 
 Hopkins, young Crow remained two years, 
 receiving lessons and also teaching the choir 
 boys. In 1858 he went to Leicester, and 
 studied with G. A. Lohr, whom he succeeded 
 as organist of Trinity Church, after being 
 acting organist for three years. He was then 
 organist successively at St. Andrew's, and St. 
 John's, Leicester ; and in 1873 was appointed 
 organist and choirmaster of Ripon Cathedral, 
 entering upon his duties January 1, 1874, and 
 still retaining those offices. In 1868, he be- 
 came F.R.C.O. ; graduated Mus. Bac, 1872 ; 
 Mus. Doc, 1882, Cambridge. He is an 
 Examiner for the Incorporated Society of 
 Musicians, and Royal College of Organists, 
 and music master at Ripon Grammar School ; 
 also conductor, in rotation, of the North- 
 East Cathedral Choir Association. 
 
 His Compositions, besides the Degree exer- 
 cises, Psalm 146, and a Harvest Oratorio, 
 include a Communion Service in F (College 
 of Organists' Prize, 1872), a Morning Service 
 in C (written for the opening ot the Cathedral 
 Organ, April 24, 1878), Evening Services in 
 G, A, and D. Organ and pf. music. Songs, 
 and Masonic music. 
 
 Crowdy, John, writer and editor, born at 
 Lewknor, January 6, 1834. Editor success- 
 ively of The Musician, Musical Standard, 
 and The Artist. Sub-editor of the Guardian 
 from 1854. He died, Addlestone, Surrey, 
 January 12, 1888. 
 
 Works. — A Kalendar of Cadences, in the 
 form called Free Chant, adapted for the 
 recitation of the Psalms, London, n.d. The 
 Free Church Canticle Book, n.d. The Psalter, 
 n.d. The Church Choirmaster . . . London, 
 1864. A slurt Commentary on Handel's ora- 
 torio, "The IMessiah," London [1875]. 
 
 Crowe, Alfred Qwyllym, bandmaster 
 and composer, born in Bermuda, November 
 3, 1835. Of a family of soldiers (his father, 
 Captain Crowe, was in the 30th and 50th 
 regiments, and was killed in the Sikh war, 
 1845), he joined the 30th regiment at Man- 
 chester when he was twelve years old. He 
 entered the band, and played oboe and horn; 
 served in the Crimea, and was present at the 
 battles of the Alma, lukerman, and the siege 
 of Sebastopol, for which he received medal 
 
110 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 CROWEST. 
 
 and clasps. Returning to England, he raised 
 a new band for the 30th, and afterwards 
 studied for two years at Kneller Hall. Then 
 he was appointed (1860) to the 14th Light 
 Dragoons, retiring on a pension in 1874. 
 Under the management of Mr. Freeman 
 Thomas, he conducted the promenade con- 
 certs at Covent Garden, from 1881, having 
 previously been engaged at the Southport 
 Aquarium. In 1893, he was appointed con- 
 ductor of the Llandudno Pier and Pavilion 
 Concerts. He died March 8, 1894. His com- 
 positions were light, ballet music, and waltzes 
 chiefly. The " See-Saw Waltz " (Covent 
 Garden, 1884), was extensively popular. 
 
 Crowest, Frederick J., writer on music, 
 organist and choirmaster, born in London, 
 1850. Has held several appointments in 
 London, and elsewhere, and is now organist 
 and precentor at Christ Church, Kilburn, and 
 choirmaster of St. Mary's, Somers Town. 
 He has composed some Church music and 
 songs. For some years he was favourably 
 known as a tenor singer, under the name of 
 Arthur Vitton. Besides contributions to the 
 National Revieiv, and other papers, he has 
 written the following : " The Great Tone 
 Poets," London, Bentley, 1874; "Book of 
 Musical Anecdotes," Bentley, 1878, 2 vols. ; 
 " Phases of IMusical England," Remington, 
 1881 ; " Musical History and Biography, in 
 the form of Question and Answer," 1883 ; 
 "Advice to Singers;" "Musical Groundwork," 
 Warne & Co. ; " Cherubini," the Great Mu- 
 sicians' series, Sampson Low; "Dictionary 
 of British Musicians," Jarrold, 1895 ; and 
 "The Story of British Music," Vol. I., 
 Bentley, 1895. 
 
 Crozier, William, oboe-player, pupil of 
 Barrett. Member of Crystal Palace orchestra 
 from 1855-1870. He died December 20, 1870. 
 
 Cruickshank, James, Scottish musician 
 and teacher. Author of " Flutina and 
 Accordion Teacher," London, 1851. Cruick- 
 shank's Accordion and Flutina Teacher, 
 Aberdeen [1853]. Also issued several books 
 of music for the Accordion, and composed 
 waltzes and other dance music. 
 
 Cruickshank, William, Alexander 
 Campbell, organist and composer, son of the 
 late William Cruickshank, M.D., Deputy 
 General Inspector of Hospitals, and of the 
 52nd Regiment, born at Greenlaw, Berwick- 
 shire, June 1, 1854. Educated at Epsom 
 College, where he received his first musical 
 instruction, afterwards becoming a pupil of 
 the late Thomas Hewlett. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Oxford, 1885. Was resident music- 
 master at Loretto School, Musselburgh, 1874- 
 1875 ; Organist and Choirmaster, St. John's, 
 Selkirk, and Conductor of the Selkirk Choral 
 Union, 1875-6 ; of St. John's, Alloa, and 
 Conductor of the Alloa Musical Association, 
 
 CULLEN. 
 
 1876-80 ; and of the Parish Church, Burnley, 
 from 1880, and Conductor of Burnley Vocal 
 Union, and of the Ruridecanal Festival 
 Services. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 145, "I will magnify Thee, 
 God," for soli, chorus, and orchestra ; 
 Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis in G, composed 
 for the Festival of the London Church Choir 
 Association, and performed in St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, May, 1889 ; Communion Service 
 in E flat ; My heart is fixed ; Sing, ye 
 heavens ; Praise the Lord, composed for 
 Annual Festival in aid of Burnley Hospital, 
 1896 ; and other anthems. Hymn tunes, 
 chants, etc., contributed to various collections. 
 Songs : An autumn wind ; Homeward bound ; 
 Waking ; Waiting ; and others. Part-songs : 
 Waken, lords and ladies gay ; and others. 
 Romance for violoncello, pf. and organ pieces, 
 and organ arrangements, etc. 
 
 Cruse, Edward, musician and writer, 
 who died in 1879. He was an organist and 
 teacher in London. Compiled " Psalms of 
 the Church, adapted for four voices, con- 
 taining a History of Church Music and 
 Notation, biographical notices, etc., the 
 whole calculated for general adoption by 
 every sect of the Reformed Religion," London 
 [1835] ; Te Deum, and other church music. 
 
 Cudmore, Richard, violinist, composer, 
 and pianist, was boni at Chichester, in 1787. 
 He studied under a musician named James 
 Fargett, Reinagle, and Salomon. Violinist 
 at Chichester Theatre, 1799. Resided in 
 Chichester as violinist and teacher, 1799-1808. 
 He studied the pianoforte under Woelfl, at 
 London. Member of Philharmonic Band, 
 London. Resided in Manchester as leader of 
 Gentlemen's Concerts. He died at Man- 
 chester, December 29, 1840. 
 
 Works. — The Martyr of Antioch, oratorio ; 
 Concertos for the violin ; Concertos for the 
 pf. ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Cudworth, William, musician, author 
 of " Musical Reminiscences of Bradford." 
 Reprinted from the Bradford Observer. 
 Bradford [1885]. 
 
 Cuisset, Frank F., organist and writer, 
 born at London, February 23, 1812. Studied 
 music under Sir H. Bishop, Sir George 
 Smart, etc. Organist of Holy 'Trinity Church, 
 Coventry ; Bishop Ryder's, Birmingham ; 
 Selly Oak Church, Birmingham ; and Bus- 
 bridge Church, Godalming. Author of " The 
 Vocalist's Indispensable Practice, a series 
 of exercises for promoting the strength and 
 flexibility of the voice." London [1875]. 
 Composer also of Concerted vocal music, 
 songs, hymn tunes, etc. 
 
 CuIIen, Rose, Mrs. Albert Tench, vocal- 
 ist and actress, born near London. Made her 
 debut at the Lyceum Theatre, January 22, 
 1870, as the Page in " Chilperic," afterwards 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 Ill 
 
 CULWICK 
 
 appeared at the Strand and Olympic, and in 
 the provinces. She died, December, 1888. 
 
 Culwick, James C, composer and organ- 
 ist, born at West Bromwich, Staffordshire, in 
 1845. Chorister (articled, at fourteen, to 
 Thomas Bedsmore), and afterwards assistant 
 organist of Lichfield Cathedral. Organist 
 successively at St. Chad's, Lichfield ; Par- 
 sonstown, Ireland, 1866; Bray, 1868; St. Ann's, 
 Dubhn, 1870; Chapel Royal, Dublin, 1881. 
 Professor of pianoforte and theory, Alexandra 
 College, and Conductor of Harmonic Society, 
 Dublin. Lecturer on Music. In 1893 the 
 degree of IMus. Doc, honoris causa, Dublin, 
 was conferred upon him. 
 
 Works. — Dramatic Cantata, The Legend 
 of Stauffenberg (Ancient Concert Rooms, 
 Dublin, May 3, 1890); Hymn for a May 
 morning, both in MS.; Psalm 104, for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra. Anthems : Bless the 
 Lord, my soul, for soli, four, and eight part 
 chorus (1896) ; Praise the Lord ; O Lord, 
 grant the Queen a long life ; and others. 
 Church services, including a Te Deum and 
 Benedictus, for men's voices (written by 
 invitation for Lichfield Cathedral, 1892). 
 Various part-songs, and an Elegy in memory 
 of Sir Robert Stewart. Windle straws, a 
 cycle of eight songs ; To the Cuckoo, with 
 parts for strings and flutes ; duos, etc. In- 
 strumental : Quartet in E flat, for pf. and 
 strings (Dublin, 1884); Sonata in D minor, 
 organ; Suite, op. 1; Sonatina, op. 4; Ballade, 
 op. 2, and other pieces for pf. In MS., a 
 concert overture, for orchestra ; Quartet and 
 suite for strings ; Pieces for violoncello, violin, 
 and pf., etc. Author of the Rudiments of 
 Music, a text-book, Dublin, 1880 ; 2nd ed., 
 1882; Pamphlets and papers, Handel's IMes- 
 siah ; Discovery of the original word-book used 
 at the first performance in Dublin, with some 
 notes, 1891 ; The study of music and its place 
 in general education, Dublin, 1882 ; Artistic 
 landmarks (Musical Association), London, 
 1891, etc. Lectures on Folk Song, and what 
 it has done for us. The ethics and practice 
 of Music, etc., etc. Dr. Culwick's father was 
 I a tenor vocalist ; Lay-clerk of Lichfield 
 I Cathedral, a zealous worker in the cause of 
 music, and an oratorio singer of repute in the 
 Midlands. 
 
 Cumtning, Angus, Scottish violinist and 
 composer who flourished during the latter 
 half of the 18th century. He published 
 " A Collection of Strathspey or Old Highland 
 Reels, with a bass for the violoncello and 
 harpsichord, by Angus Cumming, musician, 
 at Grantown in Strathspey," Edinburgh, 1780. 
 A second edition was published at Glasgow 
 some time after. 
 
 Cummings, William Hayman, tenor 
 vocalist, coinposer, conductor and writer, born 
 at Sidbury, Devon, August 22, 1831. Chor- 
 
 CUMMINGS. 
 
 ister at St. Paul's Cathedral in his seventh 
 year, he was placed under William Hawes ; 
 afterwards entering the choir of the Temple 
 Church, he studied under E. J. Hopkins, and, 
 on leaving, was appointed organist of Waltham 
 Abbey. While in the Temple choir, he sang 
 among the altos in " Elijah," April 16, 1847. 
 After some time he resumed his vocal studies 
 under J. W. Hobbs, whose daughter he mar- 
 ried, and soon gained a high position in the 
 concert room, while holding appointments at 
 Westininster Abbey, and the Chapel Royal. 
 He sang at the Birmingham Festival of 1864, 
 and at later celebrations ; at the Three Choir 
 Festivals, at various times from that at 
 Gloucester, 1865, to Hereford, 1879, frequently 
 taking important parts for other singers at 
 the briefest notice. In 1870, he appeared in 
 opera at the Gaiety Theatre, and later at 
 Drury Lane and elsewhere. Visited America 
 in 1871, singing at the Festival of the Handel 
 and Haydn Society, early in the year ; in 
 " Elijah," at New York, October 31 ; and at 
 various places on tour. He has been heard 
 at every important concert centre in the 
 United Kingdom and Ireland, and has sung 
 occasionally up to the last few years. In 1879 
 he became a professor of the R.A.M., of which 
 he is now an Honorary Member ; and later, 
 joined the staff of the Guildhall School ; and 
 many years professor at the Royal Normal 
 College for the Blind. In 1882, he was ap- 
 pointed chorus-master of the Sacred Har- 
 monic Society, and afterwards conductor. 
 He was precentor of St. Annes, Soho, 1886-88. 
 In 1884, he was elected F.S.A. He is Hon. 
 Treasurer, and was orchestral director of the 
 Philharmonic Society up to 1896 ; Hon. Treas- 
 urer of the Royal Society of Musicians ; editor 
 for the Purcell Society's publications ; and 
 conductor of the annual festivals of the Royal 
 Society of Musicians. In June, 1896, he was 
 elected Principal of the Guildhall School of 
 Music. A learned musical antiquary, he 
 has acquired one of the finest musical libraries 
 in private hands, especially rich in early 
 printed works and MSS., and is the possessor 
 of the duplicate of Handel's autograph will. 
 He lectured on " English Schools of Compos- 
 ition," at the Royal Institution, 1894, and 
 has frequently lectured and given addresses 
 before the IMusical Association ; the Incor- 
 porated Society of Musicians Conferences ; 
 the R.A.M., Trinity College, London, etc. 
 Author of The Rudiments of Music (London, 
 Novello, 1877), which has gone through many 
 editions, and has been translated into several 
 languages ; Purcell (Great Musicians' series), 
 London, 1882. Biographical Dictionary of 
 Musicians, London, Novello, 1892. Contri- 
 butions to Grove's Dictionary of Music and 
 Musicians, the Dictionary of National Bio- 
 graphy, and musical periodicals. 
 
112 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 CUMMINS. 
 
 His Compositions include a cantata, The 
 Fairy King, produced, St. James's Hall, May 
 24, 1872; Morning Service in D; anthem, 
 O Lord, give ear ; Sunday part-songs (G Nos.) ; 
 part-songs ; many songs : Yellow lie the corn 
 rigs ; Ask me no more ; Hush thy sounds 
 (with 'cello obligato), etc. Glees : O thou 
 svfeet bird (Abbey Glee Club Prize, 1850) ; 
 with four other prize glees, etc. 
 
 His son, Norman Percy Cummings, born 
 at Dulwich, September 12, 1868, musically 
 educated at home, made his debtU as a pianist 
 at Dulwich College, July, 1884. He then 
 studied at Leipzig, and on his return played 
 at the Crystal Palace Wednesday Concerts, 
 October 24, 1888. He has assisted at his 
 father's lectures, and is professor of pf. at the 
 Royal Normal College, Norwood. 
 
 Cummins, Charles, composer, pianist, 
 and violinist, born at York in 1785. He studied 
 under Dr. Miller, of Doncaster. Leader and 
 violinist in theatres of the West of England. 
 Wrote an amount of music for dramatic 
 pieces, and a pamphlet against the system of 
 J. B. Logier. The date of his death has not 
 been ascertained. 
 
 Cunningham, Francis, musician. Pub- 
 lished " A Selection of Psalm Tunes, adapted 
 to a selection of psalms and hymns extracted 
 from various authors," London, 1826 ; and 
 " A Selection of Psalm Tunes, designed to 
 assist 23ublic worship." London, 1834. 
 
 Currie, Rev. James, LL.D., musician 
 and educationist, born April 24, 1828. He 
 was Rector of the Church of Scotland Train- 
 ing College, Edinburgh, for upwards of thirty 
 years. He wrote The Elements of ^Musical 
 Analysis, Edinburgh, 1858; A First Musical 
 Grammar, Edinburgh, 1873. Works on 
 Infant and Secondary Education ; School 
 Songs, etc. He died at Edinburgh, September 
 26, 1886. A monument to his memory was 
 erected in Warriston Cemetery, Edinburgh, 
 in 1890. 
 
 Currie, William, violinist and composer, 
 born about 1828 ; died at Peterhead, Decem- 
 ber 1, 1881. He was blind. Composer of 
 the " Miller of Dron," and other reels. 
 
 Curtis, Thomas, musician. Compiled 
 " Divine Amusement, a selection of Psalms 
 and Hymns as sung in all the principal 
 churches, chapels, etc." London, n.d. 
 
 Curwen, John, musician and writer, was 
 born at Heckmondwike, Yorks., November 
 14, 1816. Educated at Coward College and 
 London University. Ordained minister. As- 
 sistant minister at Independent Church, 
 Basingstoke, Hants., 1838. Co -pastor at 
 Stowmarket, Suffolk, 1841. Pastor at Plais- 
 tow, Essex, 1844. Founded Tonic Sol-Fa 
 Associations, 1853. Established Tonic Sol-Fa 
 College, 1862. Resigned ministry, and de- 
 voted himself to propagation of the system, 
 
 CURWEN. 
 
 1867. Established " Tonic Sol-Fa Reporter," 
 and publishing agency in London. He died 
 at Heaton IMersey House, near jManchester, 
 May 26, 1880. 
 
 Works. — An Account of the Tonic Sol-fa 
 Method of Teaching to Sing, London, 1854 ;. 
 Grammar of Vocal Music, with Lessons and 
 Exercises founded on the Tonic Sol-fa method, 
 and a full introduction to the art of singing 
 at sight from the Old Notation, London, n.d. ;. 
 Standard Course of Lessons on the Tonic Sol- 
 fa method of teaching to sing, London, n.d. ; 
 Tonic Sol-fa instrumental instruction books ; 
 Harmonium and Organ ; Theory of Fingering ; 
 The First Pianoforte Book ; Reed Band Book ; 
 Brass Band Book ; String Band Book : sepa- 
 rate Works, all London, n.d. Musical Statics ; 
 Art of Teaching, being the Teacher's Manual 
 of the Tonic Sol-fa, n.d. ; Musical Theory, 
 London [1879] ; The Common-places of Music 
 (Lectures), 10 parts, 1871-3 ; Primer of Tonic 
 Sol-fa (Novello), n.d. ; IMusic in Worship and 
 other papers on the People's Psalmody, Lon- 
 don, n.d. ; The Present Crisis of Music in 
 Schools, a Reply to Mr. Hullah, London, 
 [1873]; The Child's own Hymn-Book ; How 
 to Observe Harmony ; Construction Exercises 
 in Elementary Composition; Arrangements, 
 etc. 
 
 Curwen, John Spencer, son of the fore- 
 going, was born at Plaistow in 1847. Studied 
 at first under his father and G. Oakey ; and 
 later at R.A.M., under G. A. Macfarren, A. 
 Sullivan, and E. Prout. A.R.A.M., 1879; 
 F.R.A.M., 1885. Associate of the Philhar- 
 monic Society. He has composed and ar- 
 ranged party-songs, etc., but his life has been 
 devoted to the Tonic Sol-fa movement, and 
 to the promotion of music in elementary 
 schools. He was made President of the Tonic 
 Sol-fa College in 1880, and has taken an active 
 part in the festivals held at Stratford-le-Bow 
 since their establishment in 1883. He has 
 lectured in many places in the United King- 
 dom ; visited the Continent, examining the 
 various methods of teaching singing in schools ; 
 and in 1887 he made an extended tour in the 
 United States, to enquire into the condition 
 of music there. The results of these under- 
 takings have been embodied in pamphlets, 
 and in papers contributed to the Tonic Sol-fa 
 Reporter (now the Musical Herald) and other 
 publications. He is author of Studies in 
 Worship Music, London, 1880 ; a second 
 series, London, 1885 ; Memorials of John 
 Curwen, London, 1882 ; Musical Notes in 
 Paris, London, 1882 ; The Tonic Sol-fa Sys- 
 tem ; a paper read before the Society of Arts, 
 March 22, 1882, etc. 
 
 Curwen, Mrs., born Annie Jessy Gregg, 
 is a native of Dublin, where her father prac- 
 tised as a solicitor. Her first composition was 
 published by friends when she was fourteen. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 113 
 
 CUSINS. 
 
 Studied at the Royal Irish Academy of Music, 
 under Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Robinson and Sir 
 Robert Stewart. Practiced the musical pro- 
 fession in Dublin for some years, and after- 
 wards resided in Scotland, where she first 
 came in contact with the Tonic Sol-fa system. 
 Applying its principles to pianoforte teaching 
 and the Staff Notation, she wrote " The Child 
 Pianist" (Loudon, Curwen, 1866), a work now 
 extensively adopted. She has lectured con- 
 siderably on the subject. Was an adjudicator 
 at the singing competition of Dublin Schools, 
 1893. 
 
 Cusins, Sir William George, Kt., 
 composer, pianist and conductor, born in 
 London, October 14, 1833. Chorister in 
 Chapel Royal, 1843. Studied at the Brussels 
 Conservatoire, from 1844, piano, violin and 
 harmony. In 1847, he won a King's Scholar- 
 ship at R.A.M., and was re-elected 1849, 
 studying under Potter, Bennett, Lucas, and 
 Sainton. Played Mendelssohn's Rondo in 
 B minor, with orchestra, at an Academy 
 Concert at the Hanover Square Rooms, 
 June 6, 1849, and the same year was appointed 
 to the Queen's Private Chapel, and entered 
 the orchestra of the Royal Italian Opera. 
 In 1851, made assistant professor at R.A.M., 
 and later professor. Conductor Philharmonic 
 Society, 1867-83 ; Master of the Queen's 
 Music, 1870-93 ; Conductor of the London 
 Select Choir, 1885. Professor, Guildhall 
 School of Music, 1885. He conducted the 
 performance of Bennett's oratorio, " The 
 Woman of Samaria," at the Birmingham 
 Festival, 1867. As a pianist, he played at 
 the Gewandhaus Concerts, Leipzig, October 
 12, 1856; Berlin; at the Philharmonic and 
 Crystal Palace Concerts ; Rome, 1883 ; and 
 at his own annual concerts, London, from 
 1885. He was elected Hon. Member of the 
 Academy of St. Cecilia, Rome, 1883 ; received 
 the honour of Knighthood from the Queen, 
 1892 ; and the Cross of Isabella the Catholic, 
 from the Queen of Spain, 1893. He died, 
 suddenly, from influenza, August, 31, 1893, at 
 Remonchamps, in the Ardennes. 
 
 Works. — Royal Wedding Serenata, 1863 ; 
 Gideon, an oratorio (produced at the 
 Gloucester Festival, 1871); Te Deum, for 
 soli, chorus and orchestra (Sacred Harmonic 
 Society, February 24, 1882) ; Jubilee Cantata, 
 Grant the Queen a Long Life (State Concerts, 
 1887) ; anthems; INIasonic prayers ; Responses 
 to the Commandments, &c. Editor of, and 
 contributor to. Songs from the published 
 writings of Alfred Tennyson ; songs, and part- 
 songs. Symphony in C, for orchestra (Sarasate 
 Concert, St. James's Hall, June 18, 1892) ; 
 two concert overtures — Les Travailleurs de 
 la IMer (1869) ; and Love's Labour Lost 
 (1875) ; March, in honour of Prince Albert 
 Victor (Albert Hall, January, 1885) ; Concerto 
 
 CUTLER. 
 
 in A Minor, pf. and orchestra; Concerts 
 violin (MS.) ; Septet, for wind instruments 
 and double-bass (1891); Trio in C Minor, jf. 
 and strings (produced at the composei 's 
 concert, June 14, 1882) ; Sonata in A minor, 
 pf. and violin (1893) ; pf. pieces, &c. Author 
 of a pamphlet, Handel's Messiah, an exanriua- 
 tion of the original and of some contemporary 
 MSS. (Augener), 1874, and contributor to 
 Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians. 
 
 Custard, Walter Qoss, organist, pianist, 
 and composer, born, June 9, 1841. Nephew of 
 Sir John Goss. Articled pupil of Sir George 
 Elvey, at Windsor, 1857. Organist of Spring 
 Grove Church, Isleworth, 1861 ; Christ Church, 
 St. Leonards-on-Sea, 1865, to the present time. 
 Conductor, for some years, of the Hastings and 
 St. Leonards Sacred Harmonic Society, and 
 St. Leonards Vocal Association. Has given 
 pianoforte recitals with much success. His 
 works include The Office of the Holy Com- 
 munion, in E flat; Communion Service in P; 
 Te Deum and Benedictus in F; Hymns, vari- 
 ous. The Chorister's Daily Practice, London, 
 n.d. Pianoforte — Short studies in all the major 
 and minor keys ; Twelve studies, op. 22 ; Noc- 
 turne in C minor ; Rondino in A, op. 17, &c. 
 Triumphal March for organ (with chorus) ; 
 Songs, &c. 
 
 Cutell, Richard, musician and writer of 
 the fifteenth century, author of a treatise on 
 Counterpoint, preserved in the Bodleian 
 Library, Oxford (MS. imperfect). 
 
 Cutler, Edward, amateur composer and 
 litterateur, born at Canons Park, the seat of 
 his grandfather. Sir Thomas Plumer, Master 
 of the Rolls, and was educated at Eton and 
 Dresden. Well-known as a Q.C. and Chancery 
 barrister, he is still more widely recognised as 
 a clever composer. He was for some time 
 organist of Whitchurch, Edgeware ; and in 
 1891 was appointed by the Prince of Wales 
 grand organist of the Freemasons of England 
 — the first amateur to hold that office. He 
 gave a matinee at Erard's Rooms, February 
 23, 1893, with a programme of his own com- 
 positions. He has composed a Scherzetto, and 
 other pieces for orchestra ; Romance for 
 violin ; Postlude in C, &c., for organ ; 
 several pf. pieces. An Arab's Song ; Child 
 and Mother ; The Rose Walk, and numerous 
 other songs ; and has contributed various 
 articles to the musical press. 
 
 Cutler, William Henry, pianist, vocalist 
 and composer, born at London, in 1792. He 
 studied under Dr. Arnold and W. Russell, 
 and made his dehut as pianist with a concerto 
 by Viotti, in 1800. Chorister in St. Paul's 
 Cathedral. Mus. Bac, Oxon, 1812. Organist 
 of St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, 1818. Taught 
 Music by Logier's System. Organist of Que- 
 bec Chapel, Portman Square, 1823. He sang 
 at the principal London concerts. 
 
114 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 CUZENS. 
 
 Works. — Church Music ; The Psahns, 
 Te Deum, Jubilate, etc., used at Quebec 
 Chapel, Portmau Square, n.d. ; Pf. music ; 
 fantasias, rondos, marches, duets, songs, etc. 
 
 Cuzens, Benjamin, composer and organ- 
 ist, wlio flourished about the end of the 
 eighteenth century. He published " The 
 Portsmouth Harmony," n.d. "Divine Har- 
 mony, containing six anthems and a Christmas 
 ode." Anthems, etc. 
 
 Cympson, Edward, composer and lyric 
 author of present time. Teacher of singing 
 in London Board Schools, 1876. He has 
 composed two sacred cantatas, " The Ruler's 
 Daughter" (performed Greenock, 1888); and 
 " The Angel of the Harvest " (London, 1892). 
 Words for temperance songs, &c. 
 
 Czapek, pscMclonym of Hatton, John 
 
 LiPTEOT. 
 
 D' Albert, see Albert. 
 
 Dale, C. J., amateur organist and con- 
 ductor, born at Longton, Staffordshire, in 
 May, 1842. Educated at Belper, Derby. 
 Studied music with Mr. H. Sharpe (organist 
 of St. Mary's, Southampton). Went to 
 London in 1860, where he is engaged in 
 business. He was organist of St. John's 
 Square (Clerkenwell) Wesleyan Church for 
 nineteen years ; of Finsbury Park Wesleyan 
 Church for fifteen years ; and is now Choir- 
 master of Holly Park Wesleyan Church. 
 Up to 1894 he was conductor of the Finsbury 
 Choral Association, which he raised from 
 small beginnings to a position of artistic 
 importance. In 1889 he established the 
 Metropolitan College of Music, which has 
 flourishing classes for Tonic Sol-fa and other 
 students. Of this he is still the Principal, 
 and Chairman of Corporation Committees. 
 He has composed a Morning Service, some 
 simple anthems, and a few hymn tunes. 
 Musical editor of " Psalms and Canticles 
 pointed for chanting," London, Wesleyan 
 Book-room, 1888. 
 
 Dale, Isaac, musician and organist, com- 
 piled " The Mona Melodist, a selection of 
 Psalm and Hymn Tunes suited to all the 
 variations of metrical psalmody, for congrega- 
 tional or family worship, newly harmonised 
 for four voices, with an accompaniment for 
 the organ or pianoforte." Douglas [1842] . 
 An excessively scarce book. 
 
 Dale, Joseph, composer and editor, born 
 in 1750. He was organist of St. Anthony 
 and St. John Baptist, Watling Street, 
 London. He died at Edinburgh, August 21, 
 1821. Author of "Dale's Collection of Sixty 
 Favourite Scotch Songs, taken from the 
 original manuscripts of the most celebrated 
 Scotch authors and composers, properly 
 adapted for the German flute," Books I., II., 
 and III., n.d. [1794], Wrote an "Intro- 
 
 DAMIAN. 
 
 duction to the Pianoforte, Harpsichord, or 
 Organ," op. 12, n.d. Thirty organ pieces, 
 op. 11, n.d., and nrany works for pf., etc. 
 Also a collection of English songs. 
 
 Dale, Rev. Reginald Francis, clergy- 
 man and musician, born at Sydenham, 
 London, September 12, 1845. Educated at 
 Oxford, and graduated B.A. and Mus. Bac. in 
 1866. Clerk in Holy Orders, 1870. Assistant 
 master in Westminster School, 1870-1886. 
 Rector of Bletchingdon, Oxford, 1885. Joint 
 author with the Rev. John Troutbeck of 
 "Music Primer for Schools," 1873, etc ; and 
 composer of hymn tunes, some of which 
 appeared in " Twenty-two original Hymn 
 Tunes, by two Oxford Graduates " [1867J . 
 
 Dalglish, Robert, composer, born at 
 PoUokshaws, Renfrewshire, July, 1806 ; died 
 there, Angust 5, 1875. He was a weaver by 
 trade, and self-educated in music. Composed 
 a number of anthems, glees, and psalms, of a 
 somewhat feeble class, which were at one 
 time regarded with some favour in Glasgow. 
 
 D'Alquen, Frank C, see Alqu n, Frank 
 C. D'. 
 
 Daly, William, violinst, born in Dublin, 
 circa 1848. Settled in Edinburgh for many 
 years, and teacher of the violin at Fettes' 
 College there. Leader of the Edinburgh 
 Quartet, which began giving chanrber concerts 
 in 1890. Author of a treatise on the violin, 
 published in the " Musical Educator ' {see 
 Greig, John). His son, WiLi iam, has con- 
 tributed a treatise on Musical History to the 
 same publication. John Daly, violinist, 
 born in Dublin, August, 1851, is brother to 
 William Daly. Studied at R.A.M., Dublin, 
 under Sir Robert Stewart and others. 
 Resided for a time at Glasgow ; then in 
 Manchester, where he was for some years in 
 Halle's orchestra as a violin player ; at 
 present time in Glasgow as teacher and 
 performer. 
 
 Dalyell, Sir John Graham, antiquary, 
 was born in 1776, and died June 7, 1851. 
 He was educated for the bar, and succeeded 
 as sixth baronet of Binns, Linlithgow, in 
 1841. In addition to a number of valuable 
 historical and scientific works, he wrote 
 " Musical Memoirs of Scotland, with historical 
 annotations, and numerous illustrative 
 plates," Edinburgh, 1849. This is now a 
 scarce work, and is of some value as a 
 contribution to Scottish musical archaeology. 
 
 Damian, Grace, contralto vocalist, born 
 at Brighton. Studied under Madame Sainton- 
 Dolby. Made her debut at the Monday 
 Popular Concerts, January 12, 1880 ; and in 
 the same year sang in " Elijah," and other 
 works, at the Gloucester Festival. She also 
 sang at the Leeds Festival, 1883, in Rafi's 
 " End of the World " ; and has been heard at 
 the principal London and provincial concerts. 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 115 
 
 DAMON. 
 
 In 1889, she was on tour with !Madame 
 Albaui in the United States and Canada. 
 She made her first appearance on the stage 
 at Covent Garden, October 29, 1890, in " La 
 ■Giojonda." 
 
 Damon, William, composer and organist, 
 "was born 1540. Organist of Queen Elizabeth's 
 ChapeL He died early in the seventeenth 
 •century. 
 
 Works. — The Psalmes of David in English 
 Meter, with notes of foure parts set unto 
 them by Gulielmo Damon, for John Bull, to 
 the use of Christians for recreating them- 
 selves, instede of fond and unseemely ballades, 
 1579 [said to have been published by Bull, a 
 goldsmith in London, without Damon's 
 consent or knowledge]. The Former Booke 
 of the Musicke of Mr. William Damon, late 
 one of Her Majesties niusitions ; conteining 
 all the Tunes of Dauids Psalmes as they are 
 ordinarily soung in the church, most 
 excellently by hiin composed into four parts, 
 altus, cantus, tenor, bassus ; in which sett 
 the tenor singeth the church tune. Published 
 for the recreation of such as delight in 
 musicke, by W. Swayne, Gent. Printed by 
 T. Este, 1591. The Second Booke of the 
 Musicke of Mr. William Damon, containing 
 all the Tunes of David's Psalmes, differing 
 from the former in respect that the highest 
 part singeth the Church tune, London, 1591. 
 The tunes to which Damon gave harmonies 
 are forty in number, and are the first psalms 
 with harnionies published in England. 
 
 Danby, John, English glee composer, 
 was born in 1757 [1750] . He gained ten 
 prizes from the Catch Club, for seven glees, 
 two canons, and an ode, 1781-94. He was 
 organist of the chapel of the Spanish Em- 
 bassy, Manchester Square, London, and died 
 at London, May 16, 1798. Very little has 
 been preserved concerning the biography of 
 this musician. 
 
 Works. —Masses ; Motets ; Catches, canons 
 and glees, for three, four, and five voices, in 
 Score, four books, London, n.d. [c. 1785-98]; 
 La Guida alia Musica Vocale. Op. 2, London 
 [1787] , n.d. GZfcs— When Sappho tuned 
 (Smollett), three voices ; When generous wine 
 exjDands ; When floods retire to the sea ; The 
 fairest flowers the vale prefer ; Sweet thrush ; 
 Shepherds, I have lost my love ; Go to my 
 Anna's breast ; Pair Flora decks ; Come, ye 
 party jangling swains; Awake, iEolian lyre, 
 four voices ; Music has power; Soft pleasing 
 pains unknown before ; When beauty's soul ; 
 The nightingale ; salutaris hostia, etc. 
 
 Dance, William, violinist, pianist, and 
 composer, born 1755. He studied under 
 Aylward, Baumgarten, and Giardini, and was 
 a violinist at Drury Lane Theatre, 1771-74. 
 He was leader at King's Theatre, 1775-93, 
 and led the band of the Handel Commemo- 
 
 DANIEL. 
 
 rations in 1790, etc. He was one of the 
 founders of the Philharmonic Society, and 
 acted as director and treasurer. He died at 
 London, June 5, 1840. 
 
 Dance was a successful piano teacher in 
 London, and composed sonatas, fantasias, 
 variations, etc. His brother, George Dance 
 (1741 — London, January 14, 1825), was a 
 painter and a Royal Academician. He was 
 a singer and vocal composer. 
 
 Dando, Joseph Haydon Bourne, vio- 
 linist, born in SomersTown, London, in 1806. 
 Studied under his uncle, Gaetano Brandi, 
 and then for seven years under Nicolas Mori, 
 1819-26. In 1831, he became a member of 
 the Philharmonic Orchestra, and remained 
 so till 1855. He was also in all the leading 
 orchestras, and in those of the Birmingham, 
 Three Choirs, and other festivals. He antici- 
 pated the Concerti da Carnera, started Novem- 
 ber 7, 1835, by giving a chamber concert of a 
 similar type at the Horns Tavern, September 
 23 of that year. In 1836, he joined Blagrove, 
 Gattie, and Lucas in chamber quartet con- 
 certs, at the Hanover Square Rooms, the first 
 taking place March 17, Dando playing viola. 
 His claim to the introduction of public per- 
 formances of the string quartet cannot be 
 maintained, as they were played from the 
 date of the first Philharmonic Concert, March 
 8, 1813 ; and at the British Concerts, given in 
 the ball-room of the Argyll Rooms in 1823. 
 But Dando did good work in his day, up to 
 his retirement in 1875. His appointment as 
 music master to the Charterhouse Schools he 
 held from 1875 almost to the time of his 
 death, at Godalming, in May, 1894. 
 
 Daniel, Albert Edward, composer and 
 pianist, born in Birmingham, November 9, 
 1862. Studied privately under several masters, 
 but owes much to his own unaided exertions. 
 F.R.C.O. 1885. Has appeared as pianist and 
 organist, giving recitals in the Birmingham 
 Town Hall and other places. Increasing 
 deafness has put a stop to a promising public 
 career, and his time is now chiefly devoted to 
 teaching. 
 
 Works. — Two masses ; a Harvest Cantata, 
 performed 1888-9, but remaining in IMS., and 
 other church music ; Choral song, The Sum- 
 mer Rain, produced by the Birmingham Fes- 
 tival Choral Society, April, 1891 ; A comic 
 operatta, MS ; many songs, etc. Two con- 
 cert overtures, orchestra ; Quintet and trio, 
 pf. and strings ; Quartet, strings ; Fantasia, 
 Clarinet and pf. ; Sonatas for organ and 
 pianoforte, and various pieces in smaller 
 forms 
 
 Daniel, John, musician, was born at 
 Aberdeen, in 1803. He studied music under 
 John Ross, and was a music-teacher in Aber- 
 deen for a number of years. He was also 
 precentor of St. John's Church, Montrose, 
 
116 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 DANIEL. 
 
 about 1833, and in 1843 he settled in New 
 York as a teacher. He died at New York, 
 June 21, 1881. He edited " The National 
 Psalmody of the Church of Scotland, a col- 
 lection of the most esteemed psalm and hymn 
 tunes ..." [1837], 2ud ed. [1843] . Com- 
 posed, also, part-songs, songs, and pf. music. 
 James Daniel (Aberdeen, July 24, 1810 — 
 February 17, 1889), probably a brother of the 
 foregoing, was a music-engraver and editor. 
 He issued "A Collection of Reels, Strathspeys, 
 slow airs, etc," Aberdeen [1840]. 
 
 Daniel, Rev. Richard Blackburne, 
 curate of Tickenhall, Derby, 1878, and for- 
 merly organist of the parish churches of St. 
 Mary Bredin and St. Mary Bredman, Canter- 
 bury. Author of " Chapters on Church Music," 
 London : Elliot Stock, 1894. 
 
 Danneley, John Feltham, writer, 
 pianist, and composer, born at Oakingham, 
 Berkshire, 1786. He studied under C. Kny- 
 vett, S. Webbe, Woelfl, and C. Neate. Resided 
 in Hampshire as teacher till 1812. Organist 
 of Church of St. Mary of the Tower, Ipswich, 
 1812. Visited Paris, and studied under Reicha 
 and Pradher, 1816. He died at London, 1836. 
 
 Works. — A set of twelve Italian duets ; 
 Glees and songs ; Pf. music. An Introduc- 
 tion to the Elementary Principles of Thorough 
 Bass and classical music, Ipswich, 1820 ; An 
 Encyclopaedia, or Dictionary of Music, Lon- 
 don, 1825 ; A Musical Grammar, comprehend- 
 ing the principles and rules of the science, 
 London, 1826. 
 
 Danyl, or Daniel, John, composer, of 
 the latter part of the 16th and beginning of 
 the 17th centuries. He is supposed to have 
 been the brother of Daniel, the poet, and was 
 a Bachelor of Music, Oxon., 1604. He pub- 
 lished " Songs for the Lute, Viol, and Voyce," 
 London, 1600, and others of his compositions 
 are preserved in ]\IS. 
 
 Darnton, Charles, organist and composer, 
 born in London, October 10, 1836. Many 
 years organist of Park Chapel, Camden Town. 
 Composer of the sacred cantatas, "The Star 
 of Bethleham " (1893) ; " The Song of Crea- 
 tion ;" "Abraham" (1895); "Spring-time 
 and Harvest" (1895). Pastoral cantata, 
 "Village Life," performed, London, 1891. 
 Anthems for Church and Home ; various 
 anthems, etc. ; Sacred songs. Compiler of 
 " Comprehensive Psalmody " (London, 1866). 
 
 Dart, Henry John Baker, organist, born 
 at Torquay, March 5, 1854. Chorister at St. 
 Luke's Church there, 1866-8 ; organist, St. 
 Michael's Mission Church, 1868 ; and Christ 
 Church, Ellacombe, 1873. In 1875 he re- 
 moved to London, and later on studied at the 
 London Academy of Music, under Dr. E. J. 
 Hopkins, J. F. Barnett, and E. H. Turpin, 
 his earlier teachers having been Charles Fow- 
 ler and T. Craddock. Conductor, 1877-80, of 
 
 DAVENPORT. 
 
 the North London Philharmonic Society, at 
 the concerts of which more than one im- 
 portant work was given for the first time in 
 London. In 1879 he was appointed organist 
 of St. John's, Waterloo Road, where he or- 
 ganised the series of recitals and oratorio 
 performances that became famous. In 1893' 
 he resigned that post for the parish church 
 (St. James's), of Paddington, where he is still 
 in office. He is A.R.C.O. and Professor at 
 the London Academy of Music. He has 
 written a Sonata for organ and trombone,, 
 performed at St. John's, February, 1884; 
 Concert allegro for organ. A setting of Psalm 
 84, for soli, chorus, and organ, was produced 
 at the Church of St. John, March, 1893. A 
 morning and evening Service in D is pub- 
 lished. 
 
 Darwall, Rev. John, clergyman and 
 composer, was born at Haughton, Stafford- 
 shire, in January, 1731. He was educated at 
 Manchester and Oxford, where he graduated 
 in 1756. In 1769 he became vicar of Walsall,, 
 and died there December 18, 1789. He com- 
 posed the Psalm tune, " Darwall's " and many 
 others not so well known. 
 
 Dauney, William, musician and anti- 
 quary, born at Aberdeen, October 27, 1800. 
 Educated at Dulwich and Edinburgh Uni- 
 versity. Called to the Scottish Bar, 1823. 
 Solicitor-General for British Guiana, at Deme- 
 rara, 1838. He died at Georgetown, Demerara, 
 July 28, 1843. 
 
 Work. — Ancient Scottish Melodies from a 
 manuscript of the reign of King James VI., 
 with Introductory Inquiry (Skene Manu- 
 script), Edinburgh, 1838. 
 
 In the preface to this work, Dauney covers 
 an amount of ground previously unattempted 
 either by Tytler, Ritson, or Stenhouse, and 
 displays much judgment and learning in the 
 general handling of his subject. 
 
 Davenport, Francis William, composer, 
 born at Wilderslow, near Derby, 1847. Edu- 
 cated at University College, Oxford. Pupil 
 of Sir G. A. Macfarren, whose son-in-law he 
 afterwards became. Appointed Professor of 
 Harmony and Composition, R.A.M., 1879, 
 and subsequently elected an Honorary IMem- 
 ber of the same. He is also a Professor at 
 the Guildhall School of Music. His compos- 
 itions number two Symphonies in D minor 
 and G, the first winning the prize in the 
 Symphony Competition at the Alexandra 
 Palace, 1876. Also an overture, "Twelfth 
 Night," produced at the Viard-Louis Concerts, 
 St. James's Hall, February 18, 1879 ; and a 
 prelude and fugue for orchestra, performed 
 at the Crystal Palace, November 1, 1879. 
 His other works include a trio in B flat, op. 
 5, for pf. and strings (Monday Popular Con- 
 certs, January 31, 1881); six pieces for pf. 
 and violoncello ; French songs, for children ; 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 117 
 
 I 
 
 DAVENPORT. 
 
 songs and part-songs. Author of " Elements 
 of Music " (Longman, 188.4) ; " Elements of 
 Harmony and Counterpoint" (Longman, 
 1886); "A Guide for Pianoforte Students" 
 (jointly with Percy Baker), Longman, 1891. 
 
 Davenport, Uriah, composer and writer 
 of the latter part of last century, and teacher 
 in London, compiler of "The Psalm-Singer's 
 Pocket Companion, containing a new intro- 
 duction, with such directions for singing, as 
 is proper and necessary for learners," London, 
 1755 ; 2nd ed. 17o8 ; 3rd ed. 1785. 
 
 Davey, Henry, pianist and writer on 
 music, born at Brighton, November 29, 1853. 
 He acquired the first rudiments of music 
 'through the Tonic Sol-fa method ; and studied 
 for three years at the Conservatorium, Leipzig. 
 Resident in Brighton as teacher. He is a 
 Scholar, and his work is not confined to 
 music, as he is librarian of the Brighton and 
 Sussex Natural History Society, and active 
 in other ways. He is author of " The Stud- 
 ents' Musical History," Lond., Curwen [1891] ; 
 " History of English IMusic," 1895 ; and has 
 contributed articles to the "Dictionary of 
 National Biography," and to the musical 
 press. 
 
 Davidson, Peter, Scottish violinist and 
 writer, was born about 1834. Author of " The 
 Violin : a concise exposition of the general 
 principles of construction, theoretically and 
 practically treated," Glasgow, 1871. Second 
 edition, London, 1880, with lives of the 
 most eminent artists and dictionary of violin 
 makers, and lists of violin salet. In 1886 
 Davidson went to America. He is reputed to 
 have dabbled in occult science and to have 
 made magic mirrors. 
 
 Davidson, Thomas, Scottish musician of 
 the 17th century, was appointed teacher in 
 the Music (or Song) School, Aberdeen, in 1640. 
 This position he must have held till far on in 
 the century, as we find from the Burgh Records 
 of Aberdeen, that on January 16, 1666, he 
 received an auginentation of his salary, making 
 it 250 merks. He is chiefly celebrated as the 
 editor of " Cantus, Songs, and Fancies. To 
 Thre, Foure, or Five partes, both apt for 
 voices and viols. With a brief Introduction 
 of Musick, as is taught by the Musick-Schole 
 of Aberdene, by T. D., Mr. of Musick," Aber- 
 deen, printed by John Forbes, 1662. Second 
 edit., 1666. Third edit., 1682. Reprint, New 
 Club Series, Paisley, 1879. The three editions 
 of the "Cantus" differ slightly in respect of 
 several omissions and insertions It was the 
 first secular music-book published in Scotland, 
 and consists chiefly of English and foreign 
 melodies, some by Gastoldi, or imitations of 
 them, arranged. All these editions are ex- 
 tremely scarce and valuable. 
 
 Davie, James, violinist, flute-player, and 
 composer, born about 1783. He resided in 
 
 DAVIES. 
 
 Aberdeen as a teacher, and member of the 
 Aberdeen theatre orchestra. He was choir- 
 master of St. Andrew's Church, Aberdeen, 
 and conductor of Aberdeen Choral Society. 
 He died at Aberdeen, November 19, 1857. 
 
 Works. — Music of the Church of Scotland, 
 being a numerous selection of Psalm and 
 Hymn Tunes, Ancient and Modern, in Four 
 Vocal Parts, with an Instrumental Accom- 
 paniment ... To which are prefixed Re- 
 marks on Church Music, etc., Aberdeen, 8vo., 
 [1841]. The Chorister . . . Psalm and hymn 
 tunes . . . arranged in four parts, Aberdeen, 
 n.d. A Compendiotis Introduction to the Art 
 of Singing, comprising the most useful scales 
 and examples, Aberdeen, n.d. The Vocal 
 Harmonist, a Collection of Duets, Trios, 
 Glees, etc., n.d. Caledonian Repository of the 
 most favourite Scottish slow airs, INIarches, 
 Strathspeys, Reels, Jigs, Hornpipes, etc., ex- 
 pressly adapted for the Violin. Aberdeen and 
 Edinburgh, 8vo., about 1829-30 [six books]. 
 Scales for the Voice. Songs, etc. 
 
 Davies, Ben, tenor vocalist, born at Pon- 
 tardawe, near Swansea, in 1858. Gaining a 
 reputation locally, he decided upon his pro- 
 fession, and eniered the R.A.M., studying 
 under Randegger. In 1880, he won the Evill 
 prize for declamatory singing, and was elected 
 an Associate. He joined the Carl Rosa Com- 
 pany, and made his operatic debut at Her 
 Majesty's Theatre, as Thaddeus, in "The 
 Bohemian Girl;" sang for a long period in 
 Cellier's " Dorothy ;" in the title part in Sul- 
 livan's " Ivanhoe " on its production ; and in 
 Augustus Harris's Company, 1892. He first 
 appeared at a Festival, at Cardiff, 1892, in 
 Dvorak's Stabat Mater ; sang at the Norwich 
 Festivals of 1893-96 ; Leeds, 1895 ; and Bris- 
 tol, 1896. Sang with great success in Chicago, 
 1893, and Berlin, 1894 ; as well as at all im- 
 portant concerts in the United Kingdom, 
 standing in the first rank of artists. In 1885, 
 he married jMiss Claba Perry, a soprano 
 singer, who was for some time a member of 
 the Carl Rosa Company. She snng in the 
 provinces at first, and appeared in London as 
 Arline, March 27, 1883, at Drury Lane. 
 
 Davies, Cecilia, vocalist, born in 1752 
 [1740]. Travelled in France and Italy, and 
 sang with success. Deb^it in London, 1773, 
 in Sacchini's " Lucio Vero." Sang in London 
 and on Continent, till 1791. She died at 
 London, July 3, 18.36. Her sister Marianne 
 (born 1736, died 1792), was an harmonica- 
 player, and appeared with her sister in public. 
 She was a skilful performer on her instrument. 
 
 Davies, Clara Novello, pianist, con- 
 ductor and teacher, born at Cardiff, April 7, 
 1861. Daughter of Jacob Davies (noticed 
 below), by whom she was principally taught. 
 Began as accompanist and teacher of the 
 pianoforte. About 1884 she formed a ladies' 
 
118 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGIIAPHY. 
 
 DAVIES. 
 
 choir, and gave concerts at Cardiff for some 
 years. The reputation of tlie choir rising, 
 tours were undertaken, and performances 
 given in London, from 1890 ; in Birmingham, 
 
 1892 ; and on tour witli Madame Patti. In 
 
 1893 Madame Davies took her choir to Chicago, 
 and won the gold medal iu the conrpetitiou for 
 ladies' voices. On her return she was, with 
 her choir, commanded to sing before the 
 Queen, at Osborne, February, 1894. She is 
 the head of a Music Institute at Cardiff. In 
 1882, slie married Mr. David Davies, of Cardiff. 
 
 Her father, Jacob Davies, born at St. Fa- 
 gans, in 1840, is a well known musician and 
 conductor. The Blue Ribbon Choir became 
 famous under his direction, and won many 
 prizes. He now conducts the Cardiff Glee 
 Society, and is resident in that town. 
 
 Davies, David Ffrangcon, baritone vo- 
 calist, born at Bethesda, Carnarvonshire, 
 December 11, 1860. He received his first 
 musical instruction from his father, an ama- 
 teur ; but he was originally intended for 
 another profession, and educated at Oxford, 
 graduating B.A. and M.A. Deciding to be- 
 come a singer, he entered the Guildhall School 
 of Music, and studied under Richard Latter, 
 afterwards becoming a pupil of W. Shake- 
 speare. He made his first appearance in 
 January, 1890, at Mr. De Jong's concerts, 
 in Manchester; sang in the title-part, in 
 " Elijah," at the Hovingham (Yorks.) Festival 
 the following October ; at the Monday Popular 
 Concerts, November 3; and in the " Messiah," 
 at Birmingham, December 26. His Festival 
 dt-but was at Hanley, in October, 1893, where 
 he was engaged again, 1896 ; and he sang at 
 the Cardiff Festival of 1895. In opera he bas 
 appeared at times from 1890, in " Faust," 
 " Lohengrin," &c., and created the part of 
 Cedric in Sullivan's " Ivanhoe." In the Spring 
 of 1896 he toured with great success in the 
 United States ; and as an oratorio singer, 
 especially, now occupies a foremost position. 
 
 Davies, Fanny, pianist, though born in 
 Guernsey, June 27, 1861, is connected with 
 Birmingham by family and early residence. 
 Her first teachers were Miss Welchman, 
 Charles E. Flavell, and A. R. Gaul (harmony), 
 all of Birmingham. Studied at Leipzig, 1882-3, 
 under Reinecke, Oscar Paul, and Jadassohn ; 
 at Frankfort, 1883-5, with Madame Schumann 
 and Bernhard Scholz. She made her first 
 appearance, on her return to England, at the 
 Crystal Palace Concerts, October 17, 1885, 
 playing the solo part in Beethoven's concerto 
 in G ; on November 16, she played at the 
 Monday Popular Concerts; at the Saturday 
 Concerts, November 28. She then jalayed at 
 Manchester, Glasgow, and other i^laces, making 
 her Birmingham debut, March 30, 1886, since 
 which time she has annually given a recital, 
 or concert, with Joachim and Piatti, in that 
 
 DAVIES. 
 
 city. She played at the Philharmonic Con- 
 certs, April 15, 1886, choosing Bennett's con- 
 certo iu C minor ; and has given recitals in 
 London and many places. She has played in 
 the old and new Gewandhaus, Leipzig, 1887-8 ;. 
 at Berlin, and Rome, 1890, and before several 
 reigning Sovereigns ; and has achieved a high 
 position, being regarded as a specially fine 
 interpreter of the music of Schumann. 
 
 Davies, H. Walford, composer, studied 
 at R.C.M., and while there produced a num- 
 ber of important works. He has written a 
 Symphony, produced at tbe Crystal Palace,, 
 October, 1895 ; an overture , quartets, for 
 strings, and pf. and strings; sonata, for pf, 
 and violin. Also a choral ballad, " Herv6 
 Riel," poem by Browning. In 1894, he won 
 the Bristol Orpheus Society's prize with his 
 glee, "The Sturdy Rock," and he has written 
 other vocal music. In 1895 he was aiDpointed 
 a Professor at the R.C.M. 
 
 Davies, Hugh, organist and composer of 
 early part of the 17th century. He was 
 organist of Hereford Cathedral, and in 1623 
 he graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford. He died 
 about 1644. Composer of Church music, none 
 of which has been preserved. 
 
 Davies, Llewela, pianist and composer,, 
 born at Brecon, South Wales. Gained ad- 
 mission to the R.A.M., 1887, by winning the 
 John Thomas (Welsh) Scholarship. Pupil of 
 Walter Macfarren for pf., and of Stewart 
 Macpherson for harmony and composition. 
 Her career at the Academy was distinguished, 
 and she took, among other jDrizes, the ]\Iac- 
 farren Scholarship, 1892 ; The Lucas IMedal, 
 1894, both for composition. In 1893 she was 
 awarded the Medal of the Worshipful Com- 
 pany of Musicians. She appeared as solo 
 pianist at the Hereford Festival chamber 
 concerts in 1891, and 1894, and has played at 
 concerts in St. James's Hall, Queen's Hall, 
 and the Covent Garden Promenade Concerts. 
 Her compositions comprise Three sketches 
 for orchestra ; A quartet for strings ; Sonata, 
 produced by the Musical Artists' Society, 
 Marcb, 1894, pf. and violin; and a number 
 of songs. 
 
 Davies, Miss, see sub Battishill, 
 Jonathan. 
 
 Davies, Margaret, soprano vocalist, born 
 at Dowlais, South Wales. Sang in public 
 from ten years of age. In 1886 gained a 
 Scholarship at R.C.M., and while a student 
 there aj^peared with success at the Crystal 
 Palace Concerts, April 5, 1890. She sang at 
 the Cardiff Festival in 1892 ; has been heard 
 at many of the best concerts; and was chosen 
 for the part of Kitty O'Toole at the produc- 
 tion of Stanford's Opera, " Shamus O'Brien," 
 March 2, 1896. 
 
 Davies, Mary, soprano vocalist, born in 
 London, of Welsh parents, February 27, 1855. 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 119 
 
 \ 
 
 DAVIE S. 
 
 Educated in the Home and Colonial Schools, 
 Gray's Inn Road. Singing at Welsh concerts 
 in London, she attracted the notice of Brinley 
 Richards and Edith Wynne, both of whom 
 gave her instruction. She won the Welsh 
 Choral Union Scholarship in 1873, and studied 
 at the R.A.IM., chiefly under Randegger, 
 winning the Parepa-Rosa Gold Medal, 1876, 
 and the Nilsson prize, 1877. In 1878 she 
 appeared with success at the Worcester 
 Festival ; also sang at Gloucester, 1883, and 
 at Norwich and Chester Festivals. She sang 
 in the first complete performances in England 
 of Berlioz' Faust, at the Halle concerts, Man- 
 chester, March 11, 1880, and at St. James's 
 Hall, May 21. As a ballad singer she is best 
 known, and has sung at the principal concerts 
 throughout the country. She has been elected, 
 first an Associate, then a Fellow of R.A.M. 
 In 1888, she was married to Mr. W. Cadwaladr 
 Davies, of the Inner Temple. 
 
 Davies, Rev. Owen, Eos Llechyd, 
 composer, born at Llanllechid, Bangor, Sep- 
 tember, 1828. In years past a successful 
 Eisteddfodic competitor. Has devoted his 
 attention chiefly to Church music ; and his 
 anthems are held in much esteem. He has 
 been a zealous worker in the cause of music 
 in Wales, and is still living. 
 
 Davis, Gabriel, composer and vocalist, 
 was a native of Bath, where he was born, 
 about 1770. He was choirmaster of a Baptist 
 Chapel at Portsea early in the present century. 
 Composer of " Sacred Music, two hymns on 
 the nativity of Christ, and forty psalm tunes," 
 London, 1800 ; Ode for Christmas Day, etc. 
 
 Davis, Mrs. Gabriel, horn Marianne 
 Davis, composer of a large number of part- 
 songs and songs. She died at Littlemore, 
 Oxford, July 18, 1888. Ainong her composi- 
 tions may be named — By the river ; Dania 
 Trot; Dame Wiggins of Lee; King Carnival; 
 Three Stars ; Zingara ; Four-part songs, etc. 
 
 Davis, Miss, an Irish composer of the 
 present time, has written a large number of 
 sacred and secular songs, duets, etc. Among 
 her songs may be named — The arrow and 
 the song ; Better land ; Old clock on the 
 stairs ; Ruth ; Song of the bell, etc. 
 
 Davis, J. D., composer and pianist, born 
 at Edgbaston, Birmingham, October 22, 1867. 
 Was musical from childhood, but in 1882 was 
 sent to Frankfort-on-the-]\Iain to study Ger- 
 man, with a view to business pursuits. While 
 there he entered the Conservatorium, and 
 had lessons from Hans von Biilow. In 1883, 
 he went to Brussels, and took up the study of 
 music in earnest, under Zarembski, Kufferath, 
 and Arthur de Greef. Returning to Birming- 
 ham, in 1888, he gave himself up to composing 
 and teaching. His works include an opera, 
 " The Zaporogues," produced by amateurs at 
 the Theatre Royal, Birmingham, May 7, 1895 ; 
 
 DAWBER. 
 
 Legend, " Hero and Leander," for bass solo 
 and orchestra ; songs and part songs. A suite, 
 overture, and nocturne for orchestra — the last 
 given at Mr. Stockley's concerts, January, 
 1892 ; Sonatas for pf. and violin, pf. and cello., 
 and pf. solo; six pieces for pi. and violin 
 (Novello's Album) ; two suites for same ; 
 pieces for pf., etc. 
 
 Davison, James William, composer and 
 writer, born at London, October 5, 1813. He 
 studied under W. H. Holmes and (Sir) G. A. 
 Macfarren. Married Miss Arabella Goddard, 
 1860. jNIusical critic of the Times and Mu- 
 sical World. He died at Margate, IMarch 24, 
 1885. 
 
 Works. — An Essay on the Works of Frederic 
 Chopin, London [1819^ , n d. Songs — Swifter 
 far than summer's flight ; Tlie light canoe ; 
 Poor heart, be still ; Sweet village bells ; The 
 lover to his mistress ; False friends, wilt thou 
 smile or weep ? Pianoforte Music — Four 
 Bagatelles a la valse, op. 4 ; First Sonata, 
 op. 6 ; Tarantella, op. 7 ; Three Sketches, 
 op. 8 ; Romance, op. 11. Dramatic Overture 
 to the fairy tale of " Fortunatus," for pf. duet. 
 Contributions to periodical literature. Con- 
 tributions to Grove's " Dictionary of Music 
 and Musicians." 
 
 Davison, (Mrs. J. W.), See Goddard, 
 Arabella. 
 
 Davy, John, composer, was born at Upton- 
 Helions, Exeter, December 23, 1763. Articled 
 to Jackson of Exeter, 1777. Resided in Exeter 
 as teacher. He afterwards became a violinist 
 in the orchestra of Covent Garden Theatre, 
 and a teacher and composer in London. He 
 died in St. Martin's Lane, London, February 
 22, 1824, in extreme indigence, having out- 
 lived all his kindred. 
 
 Works.— il/«sic to Plays, etc. — What a 
 blunder! 1800; Perouse (with J. Moorhead), 
 1801 ; Brazen mask, ballet (witli Mountain), 
 1802; Cabinet (with Braham), 1802; Caffres, 
 1802 ; Rob Roy, 1803 ; Miller's maid, 1804 ; 
 Harlequin Quicksilver, 1804 ; Thirty thousand 
 (with Reeve and Braham), 1805 ; Spanish dol- 
 lars, 1805 ; Harlequin's magnet, 1805 ; Blind 
 boy, 1808 ; Farmer's wife, 1814 ; Rob Roy 
 Macgregor (new version), 1818 ; Woman's will, 
 a riddle, 1820. Overture to Shakespere's 
 Tempest. Six quartets for voices, in score, 
 with figured basses for the pf., op. 1, n.d. ; 
 Six madrigals for four voices, op. 13 [c. 1810]. 
 Beauties of Handel, 6 vols., n.d. Songs — Bay 
 of Biscay, O mighty Bacchus, Beggar boy, 
 Brave marine, Darling Sue, Harvest home, 
 Milkmaid, Smuggler, Son of old Saturn, etc. 
 Single and double chants, various. Anthem, 
 Lord, who shall dwell, op. 9. 
 
 Davy, Richard, composer of the 16th 
 century, some of whose works are in the 
 British Jiluscum, among the Fayrfax MSS. 
 
 Dawber, James, organist, born at Wigan, 
 
120 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 DAWSON. 
 
 September 18, 1851. Received his musical 
 training at Henshaw's Blind Asylum, Man- 
 chester, 1864-9, and then studied under (Sir) 
 Walter Parratt for two years. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1878. Settled in 
 Wigan as teacher, organist, and choirmaster, 
 St. Paul's Congregational Church. To Mr. 
 Dawber is due the inception of the movement 
 which resulted in the formation of what is 
 now known as the Incorporated Society of 
 Musicians, and he was its first Secretary, 
 1882. He has given chamber concerts, and 
 has published songs and part-songs. 
 
 Dawson, Charles, author of " Analysis 
 of Musical Composition, showing the con- 
 struction of all Musical pieces, together with 
 a concise and comprehensive system of Har- 
 mony," London, 1845. " Elements of Music, 
 condensed for the use of students of the 
 pianoforte," London, 1844. 
 
 Dawson, Frederick H., pianist, born at 
 Leeds, July 16, 1868. At the age of five he 
 began his studies under his father, William 
 Dawson, a pianist of repute ; and when ten 
 he was taken to (Sir) Charles Halle, who at 
 once recognised his great ability. From 
 Rubinstein, a few years later, he also received 
 encouragement. As a juvenile prodigy, he 
 played a great deal in public in the north ; 
 but his first important engagement was at 
 Ed. Haddock's concerts, Harrogate, in October, 
 1885. He appeared at the Hallo Concerts, 
 Manchester, December, 1890, and made his 
 London debut April 18, 1891, at a chamber 
 concert of Willy Hess. Gave recitals at 
 St. James's Hall, 1891 ; appeared at the 
 Monday Popular Concerts, January 8, 1893 ; 
 at the Crystal I'alace, February 23, 1895; and 
 at the Philharmonic Concerts, March 20, of 
 the same year. He is now recognised among 
 the leading pianists of the day. 
 
 Dawson, W. H. C, musician, compiled 
 *' Psalm and hymn tunes, in score, for four 
 voices," n.d. 
 
 Day, Alfred, physician and musician, 
 born at London, in January, 1810, and died 
 there February 11, 1849. Author of a 
 "Treatise on Harmony," London [1845], n.d. 
 His work on harmony advocates many altera- 
 tions in theory, and a number of technical 
 terms, most of which have been adopted by 
 Macfarren and others. 
 
 Day, Alfred H., organist, of present time. 
 He held an appointment at Kimberley, South 
 Africa, and went tlnence to Graham's Town, 
 where he was appointed to the Cathedral. 
 There he established a College of Music. In 
 1893 he was appointed borough organist, and 
 conductor of the Philharnionic Society at 
 Maritzburg, Natal, where he remains. 
 
 Day, Captain C. R., writer on music. 
 Son of the Rev. Russell Daj', of Horstead, 
 Norfolk ; born in 1860. Educated at Eton, 
 
 DAY. 
 
 and studied music under the late Sir Joseph 
 Barnby. Entered the Oxfordshire Light 
 Infantry (the old 43rd) in 1882, and served in 
 India until 1887. Was severely wounded in 
 the operations against the Moplas in 1885. 
 Married, in 1892, Katherine, daughter of Mr. 
 ScottChad, of Thursford Hall, Norfolk. His 
 principal works are : " The ]\Iusic and Musical 
 Instruments of Southern India and the Dec- 
 can," London, Novello, 1891 ; and " A 
 Descriptive Catalogue of the Musical Instru- 
 ments recently exhibited at the Royal Military 
 Exhibition, London, 1890" (Eyre and Spottis- 
 woode, 1891). These are both important and 
 valuable books. He contributed an article on 
 African Musical Instruments to Ferryman's 
 "Up the Niger," 1892. Author of several 
 papers and brochures on National and Military 
 Music, read at meetings of the Musical Asso- 
 ciation (1894), etc. He was a Member of the 
 English Committee of the Vienna Inter- 
 national ]\Iusical and Dramatic Exhibition 
 of 1892. 
 
 Day, Ellen, pianist, born in London, 
 March 3, 1828. Studied under her father, 
 William Day (g.r.), Henry Westrop, and 
 Eduard Schulz. Her first appearance was at 
 Drury Lane Theatre, in 1836, when she played 
 a fantasia by Hiinten, with orchestra, Mori 
 leading. In 1838 she played at a concert 
 given by Thomas Baker, violinist, in Windsor 
 Town Hall ; and the next evening played, by 
 command, before the Queen at Windsor 
 Castle. The same year she played in London 
 with Teresa ]\Iilanollo, in June. Then, for 
 some years, she appeared in conjunction with 
 her brother John {q.v.) When Mendelssohn 
 was in London, in 1844, she was invited to 
 his house to play to him, and highlj' compli- 
 mented by him. At the first concert the two 
 young artists gave, June 16, 1846, Ellen Day 
 played a pianoforte duet with Vincent Wallace. 
 She continued to play in public for many 
 years, in London and the provinces, and still 
 retains her powers of execution. For about 
 thirty years she has been au organist, first at 
 St. Matthew's, and to the present time at 
 Christ Church, Westminster. Balfe was her 
 staunch friend, and she was instructor of his 
 two daughters for some years. 
 
 Day, Johnj publisher and editor, was born 
 in St. Peter's parish, Dunwich, Suffolk, in 
 1522. He was established at Holborn, London, 
 in 1549, as printer and publisher. He died at 
 Walden, Essex, July 23, 1584. He published 
 Damon's Psalnies of David, in English meter, 
 1579, and a work bearing the title " The 
 Whole Booke of Psalines, collected into Eng- 
 lish metre by T. Starnhold, I. Hopkins, and 
 others ; conferred with the Ebrue, with apt 
 notes to synge therewithal, faithfully perused 
 and alowed according to the orcire appointed 
 in the Queue's maiesties injunctions,".... 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 121 
 
 DAY. 
 
 London, 1562. In 1563 he issued the first 
 English psalter with music in four parts, and 
 in 1565 another edition was issued. The title 
 is " The Whole Psalmes, in foure parts, 
 whiche may be sung to al musical instru- 
 mentes, set forth for the encrease of vertue, 
 and abolishying of other vague and triflying 
 ballads," London, 1563. 
 
 Day, John, composer, who flourished at 
 ■ end of last, and beginning of the present 
 •century. Composer of " Harmonica Lyrica, 
 selected from the poems of M. T. Scott, and 
 adapted for organ or pianoforte," 1820. 
 
 Day, John, violinist, brother of Ellen Day 
 .(q.v.), was born in London, March 7, 1830. 
 Studied under his father, and first appeared 
 ■at the Hanover Square Rooms in 1.838. With 
 his sister, he was, early in the forties, engaged 
 by M. Jullien, and they performed at the 
 Lyceum, Covent Garden, and on his provin- 
 cial tours. In 1843, the pair visited Brussels, 
 and De Beriot took the young violinist to his 
 home as a pupil, afterwards passing him into 
 his class at the Conservatoire. On his return 
 home he made his debut at the Philharmonic 
 ■Concerts, June 23, 1845, playing two move- 
 ments of De Beriot's second concerto. He 
 played at the Norwich Festival, in September, 
 and at the second concert of the Birmingham 
 Festival Choral Society, October 30, of the 
 same year ; and engagements followed at 
 every important musical centre. He entered 
 the Queen's private band in 1847, and is now 
 the senior member. He was appointed 
 organist of New Upton Church, Slough, in 
 1853 ; of Old Upton Church shortly after- 
 wards, resigning in 1857. Two years later, 
 he went to All Saints', Fulham, where he 
 remained until 1869. For the last forty-five 
 years his hobby has been the making of 
 cojjies of violins by the old masters. These 
 have been pronounced by competent judges 
 to be equal to the originals. See •' Violins, 
 old and new," Reeves, reprinted from the 
 Musical Standard. 
 
 William Day, father of the above, was a 
 violinist of some reputation. He acted for 
 many years as leader at Drury Lane Theatre. 
 Died in London, March 3, 1851. 
 
 Day, W., musician, conipiler of " Sacred 
 Harmony," Madras, 1818. 
 
 Deacon, Harry CoUings, vocalist, 
 teacher, and writer, born London, 1822. 
 He studied pf. under Cip. Potter, and singing 
 under INIazzucato the elder. He lost his voice 
 "while he was studying at Milan, and he after- 
 wards resided in London as a teacher and 
 pianist. He trained Anna Williams, Herbert 
 Thorndike, etc. One of the contributors to 
 Grove's " Dictionary of Music." He died in 
 London, February 24, 1890. He composed 
 ■" Anacreon's Grave," a four-part song ; Con- 
 templation ; Ethel ; IMay-time ; Only once 
 
 DEAKIN. 
 
 more ; Over the crisp white snow ; Sing to 
 me ; and other songs. First set of 24 studies 
 for the pf., London, 1864 ; Tarantella, for the 
 pf., etc. 
 
 Deacon, Mary Ann, pianist, organist, 
 and teacher, born at Leicester, June 26, 1821. 
 Began the study of music at the age of six. 
 and in 1838 began, at Leicester, her career as 
 a teacher, which was successfully maintained 
 until her retirement a year or two ago. 
 Though not conspicuously public. Miss Dea- 
 con's life has been one of consistent usefulness 
 to the cause of music in Leicester, and the 
 locality. For twenty years she was organist 
 at St. Mary's Church, and officiated for ten 
 years at two Congregational Churches. From 
 1842 onwards she has appeared as vocalist or 
 pianist at many concerts ; assisting at Mr. 
 Oldershaw's lectures ; training choirs for 
 oratorio performances ; and being intimately 
 associated with the musical work of that 
 enthusiastic amateur, the late William Gar- 
 diner. In May, 1896, a complimentary 
 concert was given to her by all the musical 
 societies in Leicester, on which occasion she 
 played in a duet for pf. and flute, with Mr. 
 Henry Nicholson, a life-long friend and 
 colleague in art. On October 28, 1896, she 
 was publicly presented with a portrait of her- 
 self, and a sum of money ; the latter she 
 placed in trust for founding a "Deacon prize" 
 for students resident in Leicester. 
 
 Deakin, Andrew, organist, and critical 
 writer, born in Birmingham, April 13, 1822. 
 Began to study music at a very early age, 
 and, entirely self-taught, became a creditable 
 vocahst, organist, and violinist. Served a 
 strict apprenticeship to the printing trade, 
 and printed, in 1845, the Birmingham Musical 
 Examiner, edited by James Stimpson. After 
 some years service as organist at different 
 places of worship, he was appointed to the 
 Church of the Saviour (founded by George 
 Dawson, the great preacher and lecturer), in 
 1847, a post he held until 1878. As early as 
 1849 he began writing musical criticisms for 
 newspapers, and when the Birmingham Morn- 
 ing News was started in 1871, he was appoint- 
 ed its musical critic. In 1876 he joined the 
 Birmingham Daily Gazette in a similar 
 capacity, resigning the office towards the 
 close of 1894. A diligent student of every- 
 thing appertaining to music, he is recognised 
 as an authority, and his services are much in 
 request as an annota.tor of concert pro- 
 grammes. He has composed hymn tunes, 
 chants, and anthems, and among larger works 
 a Stabat Mater lor solo voices, chorus, and 
 organ, and a " Miserere," have been performed 
 at the Church of the Saviour. In 1846 he 
 compiled and published "Euphouia," one of 
 the very earliest collections of music for non- 
 conformist public worship ; a work that exerted 
 
122 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 DEAN. 
 
 more than a local influence. A recent publi- 
 cation isa " Musical Bibliography, a catalogue 
 of historical and theoretical works published 
 in England, from the 15th to the 18th centu- 
 ries," Birmingham, Stockley and Sabin, 1892 ; 
 a companion work on a large scale, dealing 
 with the music of the same periods, is in 
 preparation. Mr. Deakin is also known as a 
 landscape painter and etcher, and some forty 
 years ago his name was often seen in the 
 catalogues of London and provincial 
 exhibitions 
 
 Dean, J., author of " Guide and Self- 
 Instructor for the Violin," London, 1853. 
 
 Deane, Thomas, composer and organist, 
 who flourished during the end of the 17th and 
 first half of the 18th centuries. He was 
 organist at Warwick and Coventry, and became 
 Mus. Bac. and Doc, Oxon, 1731. He com- 
 posed music for Oldmixon's ' ' Governor of 
 Cyprus," contributed to the "Division Vio- 
 lin," and was the first to introduce Corelli's 
 Sonatas to England. 
 
 Dearie, Edward, organist and composer, 
 born at Cambridge, March 2, 1806. As a boy 
 he was a chorister in King's, Trinity, iind 
 St. John's Colleges, Cambridge, and having 
 studied the organ, obtained his first appoint- 
 ment at St. Paul's Deptford, 1827. He was 
 successively at Blackheath parish church, 
 1830 ; Wisbeach parish church, 1832 ; St. 
 Mary's, Warwick, 1833 ; organist of the parish 
 church and master of the song school, Newark, 
 1835-64. While at Newark he graduated 
 Mus. Bac, 1836, and Mus. Doc, 1842, Cam- 
 bridge. In 1864 he removed to Caraberwell, 
 where he continued to reside. He was one 
 of the founders of Trinity College, London, 
 and took an active interest in the welfare of 
 the musical profession. An occasional con- 
 tributor to the press, he wrote in 1850, a series 
 of letters on organisation, anticipating in a 
 remarkable manner the formation of the 
 Incorporated Society of Musicians. He died 
 at Camberwell, London, IMarch 20, 1891. 
 
 Works — Israel in the Wilderness, oratorio 
 (published 1879) ; Morning and evening ser- 
 vice in F (1832) ; Morning and evening service 
 (1852?); A volume of church music (1838). 
 Anthem, Turn Thee again, Thou God of Hosts 
 (Gresham Prize, 1837); The desert shall re- 
 joice ; Rend your hearts ; Four anthems 
 (1852), etc. Thirty-six chants (1852). Songn 
 — Lays of the heart (1829), etc. Part-songs — 
 Sigh no more, ladies ; Mountain Daisy, and 
 others. Andante Cantabile, organ, etc. 
 
 Dearnaley, Irvine, organist and con- 
 ductor, born in the village of Broadbottom, 
 Chester, September 29, 1S39. His father was 
 a spinner in a cotton mill, and was devoted 
 to music, helping his son as far as he could. 
 When seventeen, young Dearnaley obtained 
 the post of organist at Staleybridge, and 
 
 DEMPSTER. 
 
 studied under J. J. Harris, afterwards taking 
 pianoforte lessons from Halle, and working 
 at harmony under H. Hiles. Then he became 
 organist of Christ Church, and of the parish 
 church, Ashton-under-Lyne, from 18G4. He 
 was conductor of the Gentlemen's Glee Club, 
 and Philharmonic Society in that town ; and 
 in 1883, was made musical director of the 
 Gentlemen's Glee Club, Manchester. Gave 
 many organ recitals in the district. Com- 
 posed some anthems and pieces for the organ. 
 He died at Ashton, September 18, 18^4. 
 
 Deering, or Dering, Richard, composer 
 and organist, born in Kent, at the end of the 
 16th century. He was educated in Italy, and 
 afterwards became organist at a monastery of 
 English nuns in Brussels, 1617. Organist to 
 Henrietta Maria, Consort of Charles I., 1625. 
 Mus. Bac, Oxon. , 1610. He died in 16.30. 
 
 Works.— Cantiones Sacrte quinque vocum, 
 cum basso continue ad organum, Antwerp, 
 1597 ; Cantica Sacrte ad melodiam madri- 
 galium elaborata seuis vocibus, Antwerp, 
 1618 ; Cantiones Sacrse, 1619 ; Canzonette, 
 1620. He also wrote motets, madrigals, etc.,. 
 many of which are preserved in MS. at Ox- 
 ford and London. He died in the Roman 
 Catholic faith. It is claimed for Deering that 
 his 1597 Cantiones were the first works issued 
 with a figured bass. 
 
 De Fonblanque, Ellen, Sec sith. Camp- 
 bell, Gilbert James. 
 
 De la Fond, John Francis, author and 
 teacher of languages in London during the 
 first half of last century. He issued, among 
 other works, a " New System of Musick, both 
 theoretical and practical, and yet not mathe- 
 matical, written in a manner entirely new, 
 that is to say, in a style plain and intelligible," 
 London, 1724. 
 
 Delany, J. A., organist and composer, 
 born in London, 1852. Went to Sydney, 
 Australia, and became a pupil of W. J. Cord- 
 ner, whom he succeeded as organist of St. 
 Mary's R. C. Cathedral, a post he held 1871-6. 
 Then he went as chorus-master and pianist to 
 the Opera House, Melbourne (then under the 
 management of W. S. Lyster, who died in 
 1880), where he remained some years. In 
 1882 he was appointed choir-master of St. 
 Mary's Cathedral, Sydney, and three years 
 later succeeded Max Vogrich as conductor of 
 the Sydney Liedertafel, which positions he 
 still holds. For St. Mary's Cathedral he has 
 composed Classes in F, and A flat ; and has 
 also composed a Cantata, " Captain Cook," 
 and other works. 
 
 Dempster, WiUiam Richardson, com- 
 poser, born at Keith, Banffshire, in 1S08 ; 
 died at London, March 7, 1871. He composed 
 a number of part-songs and pf. pieces ; also 
 Songs : Bird of the wilderness ; Blind boy ; 
 Come o'er the mountain to me ; Doubting 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 123 
 
 DENNIS. 
 
 heart ; May queen ; Mj' love Annie ; Songs in 
 the Idylls of the King, Tennyson [1864] . 
 
 Dennis, John, writer and musician, born 
 at London in 1657. He studied at Cambridge, 
 and afterwards travelled in France and Italy. 
 He died on January 6th, 1733. Author of 
 " An Essay on the Italian Opera," London, 
 1706. 
 
 Derham, William, English writer, was 
 born in 1657, and died in 1735. Author of, 
 among other works, the following, "The Arti- 
 ficial Clock-maker . . shewing . . the way to alter 
 clock-work, to make chinres and set them to 
 musical notes," London, 1696 [other editions]. 
 
 Dering, sec Deering. 
 
 D'Este, John, musician and writer, 
 author of " Music made easy, the Rudiments 
 of Music," London, 1849; "The Vocalist's 
 Vade j\Iecum, or Pocket Companion, Practical 
 Hints on Singing," etc., London, 1872. 
 
 Deval, Harry, writer and composer, 
 author of "The Art of Vocalization, with com- 
 plete instructions for the Cultivation of the 
 Voice," London, n.d. Composer of "The Rival 
 Clans," Opera, Newcastle, 1846, and of music 
 to " AMidsummernight'sdream," Newcastle, 
 1846. 
 
 Dewar, Daniel, Scottish clergyman and 
 author of the end of last and beginning of the 
 present century. He was professor of moral 
 philosophy in Aberdeen University. He wrote 
 " Observations on the character, custoins, 
 superstitions, music, poetry, and language of 
 the Irish," London, 1812, 2 vols. 
 
 Dewar, James, composer, conductor, and 
 violinist, born at Edinburgh, July 26, 1793. 
 Deputy-leader in Theatre Rcyal, Edinburgh, 
 1807, and afterwards musical director. Organ- 
 ist of St. George's Episcopal Church, 1815-35. 
 Conductor of Edinburgh Musical Association. 
 He died at Edinburgh, January 4, 1846. 
 Dewar is famous for his arrangements of 
 Scottish airs for the orchestra, a pf. edition 
 of which was XJublished about 1850. His work 
 with the title, " Popular National Melodies 
 adapted for the Pianoforte," Edinburgh, 1826, 
 had a large circulation. He composed also 
 a few part-songs and other \ocal pieces, and 
 edited "The Border Garland, Poetry by 
 Hogg," [c. 1829] . His brother John was also 
 a composer. 
 
 Dewberry, William Charles, organist 
 and conductor, born at Cambridge, January 16, 
 1843. Chorister and solo boy at King's College, 
 Cambridge, and afterwards assistant-organist. 
 Pupil, later, of Sterndale Bennett, C. Lucas, 
 and W. G. Cusins, and R.A.M. silver medalist 
 and Associate. Organist of Clare College, and 
 St. Edward's Church, Cambridge, where he 
 is resident as performer and teacher. He 
 graduated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1887. He 
 took an active part in establishing several of 
 the college musical societies, and under his 
 
 DIBDIN. 
 
 direction the Cambridge Musical Society 
 attained a high position, producing such works 
 as Macfarren's " St. John the Baptist," etc. 
 As a Freemason he is a P.M. of Lodge 441, 
 and P.P.G.O. for the Grand Chapter and 
 Province of Cambridgeshire. His composi- 
 tions embrace a setting of Psalm 13 ; An 
 Evening Service in E flat ; Anthems, chants, 
 and part-songs, etc. 
 
 Frederick Dewberry, his younger brother, 
 was born at Cambridge in 1848. Chorister at 
 Trinity College, Cambridge, and articled pupil 
 of the late J. L. Hopkins. In 1868, elected 
 organist and choirmaster of Gonville and 
 Caius College, retiring in 1892. Organist of 
 St. Michael's, Cambridge, 1871 ; St. Andrew 
 the Great, 1873, to the present time, with the 
 exception of a year, 1890-1, at St. Mary's, 
 Saffron Walden. Graduated IMus. Bac, Cam- 
 bridge, 1886 ; F.R.C.O., L.R.A.M. In 1882 
 he was given the appointment of organist at 
 the Guildhall, Cambridge, and is also organist 
 to Dr. A. H. INIann's festival choir. Has given 
 many recitals. Like his brother, he is a 
 prominent Freemason, holding important 
 offices in the Provincial Grand Chapter. 
 
 Dews, Elizabeth, contralto vocalist, born 
 at Wolverhampton. Received her early 
 musical ti'aining from local teachers and 
 masters in Birmingham. Appeared in that 
 city in "Elijah," in November, 1884, while 
 still a young student Afterwards proceeded 
 to London, and studied under W. Shakespeare, 
 and Signer Randegger. She made her debut 
 in St. James's Hall, November 25, 1891 ; 
 sang at Boosey's ballad concerts, 1893 ; and 
 at the Crystal Palace, in Berlioz' " Romeo et 
 Juliette," December 15, 1894. She went on 
 a tour in Germany with IMadame Valleria, 
 and is now a singer of established reputation, 
 being engaged for such concerts as those of the 
 Birmingliam Festival Choral Society, the 
 Liverpool Philharmonic, and societies at 
 Leeds, Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Dublin. 
 Madame Dews sang at the jubilee performance 
 of "Elijah," at the Royal Albert Hall, April 
 23, 1896. She is married to a Scotsman, 
 Mr. D. A. Parker. 
 
 Dibdin, Charles, composer and writer, 
 was born at Dibden, near Southampton [bap- 
 tized March 4], 1745. He studied at Win- 
 chester College, and was taught music by 
 Kent and Fussell. Appeared as an actor at 
 Richmond and Birmingliam. Went to Lon- 
 don, and was employed by Bickerstaff as 
 composer and singer, 1765. Renounced stage, 
 and commenced giving medley monodramas 
 in London, 1788. He died at London, July 
 25, 1814. 
 
 Works. — Musical Dramas etc. — Shepherd's 
 Artifice, 1763 ; Love in the city, 1767 ; Damon 
 and Phillida, 1768 ; Lionel and Clarissa, 1768 ; 
 Padlock, 1768 ; Maid the Mistress, 1769 ; Re- 
 
124 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 DIBDIN. 
 
 cruiting Sergeant, 1769; Ephesian Matron, 
 1769 ; Jubilee, 1769 ; Queen Mab, 1769 ; Cap- 
 tive, 1769 ; Pigmy Revel, 1770 ; Wedding Ring ; 
 Institution of the Garter, 1770 ; Ladle, 1772 ; 
 Mischance ; Brickdust Man ; Widow of Ab- 
 ingdon ; Palace of Mirth, 1772 ; Christmas 
 Tale, 1773 ; Trip to Portsmouth ; Deserter ; 
 Grenadier, 1773 ; Waterman, 1774 ; Cobbler, 
 1774 ; Quaker, 1775 ; Two Misers, 1775 ; Se- 
 raglio, 1776 ; Blackamoor ; ]\Ietamorphoses ; 
 Razor grinder ; Yo, yea, or the friendly Tars ; 
 Old Woman of eighty ; Mad Doctor ; She is 
 raad for a Husband ; England against Italy ; 
 Fortune Hunter : All's not gold that glitters, 
 1776 ; Poor Vulcan, 1778 ; Rose and Colin ; 
 Wives Revenged ; Annette and Lubin ; Milk- 
 maid, 1778 ; Plymouth in an uproar, 1779 ; 
 Chelsea Pensioners ; Mirror ; Touchsione, 
 1779 ; Shepherdess of the Alps, 1780 ; Har- 
 lequin Freemason ; Islanders, 1780 ; Jupiter 
 and Alcmena, 1781 ; None so blind as those 
 who won't see, 1782 ; Barrier of Parnassus, 
 1783 ; Graces ; Saloon ; Mandarina ; Land 
 of simplicity ; Passions ; Statue ; Clump and 
 Cudden ; Benevolent Tar ; Regions of Ac- 
 complishment ; Lancashire Witches, 1783 ; 
 Cestus, 1784 ; Pandora ; Long Odds ; Liberty 
 hall, 1785 ; Harvest Home, 1787 ; Loyal 
 effusion, 1797. Monodramas — Whim of the 
 moment, 1788; Oddities, 1789; Wags; Pri- 
 vate Theatricals, 1791 ; Quizzes, 1792 ; Castles 
 in the air, 1793 ; Great news, 1794 ; Will of 
 the wisp, 1795 ; Christmas gambols, 1795 ; 
 General Election, 1796 ; Sphinx, 1797 ; Val- 
 entine's day, 1797; King and Queen, 1798; 
 Tour to the Land's End, 1799 ; Tom Wilkins, 
 1799 ; Cake house, 1800 ; Frisk, 1801 ; Most 
 votes, 1802; New Year's Gifts ; Broken Gold; 
 Briton's Strike Home ; Datchet Mead; Com- 
 modore Pennant ; Heads and Tails ; Frolic, 
 etc. Literary Musical Works — The Harmonic 
 Preceptor, a Didactic poem in three parts, 
 London, 1804 ; The English Pythagoras, or 
 every man his own music-master, London, 
 1808; Music epitomized, a School Book in 
 which the whole science of music is clearly 
 explained, London, n.d. Hannah Hewitt, or 
 the female Crusoe, novel, 1792 ; Younger 
 brother, novel, 1793 ; Musical tour, Sheffield, 
 1788 ; History of the Stage, London, 5 vols., 
 1795 ; Observations on a Tour through almost 
 the whole of England, and a considerable 
 part of Scotland . . . London, 2 vols., 1801 ; 
 The professional life of Mr. Dibdin, written 
 by himself, with the words of six hundred 
 songs selected from his works, London, 4 vols., 
 1803. Songs, chronologically arranged, with 
 notes, memoir, etc., by George Hogarth, 1842, 
 2 vols. 
 
 Dibdin, according to the biography prefixed 
 by his son Thomas to the 1875 edition of his 
 songs, wrote over 1300 songs. In addition to 
 these he wrote other music in his entertain- 
 
 DICK. 
 
 ments, etc., the gross amount of music and 
 words which he wrote being in nunaber over 
 •3000 pieces. Of these, very few are now used, 
 " The Waterman " is the only large piece, 
 and "Poor Jack" and "Tom Bowling" 
 almost the only songs. 
 
 Dibdin, Charles, Jun., son of the above, 
 j)oet and writer, born about 1769. He was 
 for some years part-proprietor of Sadlers' 
 Wells Theatre, London, and wrote, among 
 other pieces, the "Farmer's wife," "My 
 spouse and I," and a number of Burlettas, 
 Pantomimes, Songs, etc. He died at London, 
 January 13, 1833. 
 
 Dibdin, Henry Edward, musician and 
 compiler, born in London, September 8, 1813. 
 Grandson of Charles Dibdin. He studied 
 under his sister, Mrs. Tonna, and Bochsa, the 
 harpist. From 1833 he resided at Morning- 
 side, Edinburgh, as a teacher ; and he also 
 was lion, organist of TrinityChapel, Edinburgh. 
 He died at Edinburgh, May 6, 1866. 
 
 Works. — The Standard Psalm-Tune Book, 
 containing upwards of 600 specimens, com- 
 piled from the original editions . . London 
 [1851] ; Reid's Praise Book, 1868, harmonised ; 
 Collection of Church Music, consisting of 
 chants, psalm and hymn tunes, etc., 1843, 
 edited with J. T. Surenne. 
 
 His sons, Edward Rimbault Verb (Edin- 
 burgh, Aitgust 25, 1853), and James Robert 
 William (Edinburgh, December 9, 1856), are 
 both musicians. The former has composed 
 some songs and part-songs, and the latter is 
 perhaps best known by his "Annals of the 
 Edinburgh stage," 1888. His wife, born 
 Isabella Perkins Palmer, was born at 
 Southwold, Suffolk, January 19, 1828. She 
 was married in 1846. She composed a few 
 hymn tunes, and was a good soprano vocalist. 
 His sister, Mary Anne Dibdin, born about 
 1800, was a harpist, and studied under Chal- 
 loner and Bochsa. In 1824 she became 
 assistant teacher of the harp at the R.A.M. 
 She married j\Ir. Tonna. 
 
 Dibdin, Thomas John, dramatist and 
 musician, son of Charles, senr., born, London, 
 March 21, 1771. He was an actor and dram- 
 atic author, and appeared in the provinces 
 and at Sadler's Wells Theatre, and Covent 
 Garden Theatre, London. He was joint pro- 
 prietor of Sadler's Wells Theatre from 1802, 
 and died at Clerkenwell, London, September 
 16, 1841. 
 
 Works. — Numerous dramatic pieces, ]3ro- 
 duced at Sadler's Wells, and elsewhere. The 
 Cabinet, an opera. Songs in the collection 
 entitled "Lays of the last three Dibdins." 
 Reminiscences of Thomas Dibdin of Covent 
 Garden," etc., London, 1827, 2 vols. 
 
 Dick, Charles George Cotsford, com- 
 poser, born in London, September 1, 1846. 
 Educated at Oxford, and prepared for the 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 125 
 
 DICKONS. 
 
 Bar, but obliged, from ill-health, to give it up. 
 Works. — Operettas: Our doll's house (Ger- 
 man Eeed, 1876) ; Our new doll's house (the 
 same, 1877) ; Back from India (1879) ; Doctor 
 D, comic opera (Royalty Theatre, 1885) ; The 
 Baroness (the same, 1892). A Children's 
 Opera, A Fairy Wedding, in six parts, for pf. 
 The Waif (play, adapted from the French, 
 Haymarket Theatre, May, 1892). Songs: 
 Dolly Varden ; Olivia ; Golden wedding song ; 
 Three songs, etc. Pf. ])ieces : Fireside fan- 
 cies, six pieces ; Toccata ; Decenrber and 
 May ; Belinda Gavotte ; Deux Melodies ; etc. 
 Author of a volume of verse : The Way of the 
 World (London, Redway, 1896). 
 
 Dickons, Maria, bom Poole, soprano 
 vocalist, born at London about 1770. She 
 studied under Rauzzini, at Bath, and first 
 appeared at Vauxhall in 1783. She appeared 
 at Covent Garden in 179-3, and sang regularly 
 at the Ancient (from 1792) and Vocal concerts, 
 and in the principal provincial towns. In 
 1800 she married INIr. Dickons, and retired for 
 a time, but she resumed public singing again 
 in London in 1806, and afterwards appeared 
 at Paris, 1816, Venice, etc. She was made a 
 member of the Instituto Filarmonico, Venice. 
 She appeared for a short time in London in 
 1819, but retired soon afterwards, and died 
 May 4, 1833. 
 
 Diclcson, Ellen, " Dolores," composer, 
 daughter of General Sir Alex. Dickson, was 
 born at Woolwich, in 1819. She resided 
 during her life-time chiefly at Lyndhurst, in 
 the New Forest, haviug been an invalid from 
 youth. She became known in her district for 
 many charitable actions. She died at Lynd 
 hurst, July 4, 1878. 
 
 Works. — Songs : Clear and cool ; Destiny ; 
 Goldilocks ; The land of long ago ; my lost 
 love ; Pack clouds away ; The racing river ; 
 She walked beside me ; Tell her not when I 
 am gone ; LTnchanged, etc. 
 
 These songs acquired a considerable amount 
 of popularity in their day, and some of them 
 are even now in vogue. 
 
 Dickson, Rev. William Edward, clergy- 
 man and writer, born at Richmond, Yorkshire, 
 1823. B. A., Cantab., 1846; M.A. 1851. Or- 
 dained 1846. Precentor of Ely Cathedral, 
 1858. 
 
 Works. — Singing in Parish Churches, 
 1858 ; Cathedral Choirs, 1877 ; Practical 
 Organ Building, London, 1881 ; Fifty years 
 of Church Music, Ely, 1895. 
 
 Diemer, Philip Henry, composer, pianist 
 and organist, born at Bedford, July 18, 1839. 
 Of German extraction, and cousin of the 
 distinguished pianist, Louis Diemer, of Paris. 
 Studied at R.A.M., pianoforte, under W. H. 
 Holmes, and harmony with G. A. Macfarren. 
 Elected Associate of the Philharmonic Society 
 1882. Has been organist and choirmaster of 
 
 DISTIN. 
 
 Holy Trinity, Bedford, for more than thirty 
 years, and has directed musical services there 
 when Bach's " Passion," and other oratorios 
 have been given with orchestra. Director of 
 Music at Bedford Grammar School for over 
 thirty-five years In 1866, founded the Bed- 
 ford Musical Society, which gives four concerts 
 annually ; at the 100th concert he was pub- 
 licly presented with a testimonial. For ten 
 years he gave a short season of chamber con- 
 certs, at which he appeared as pianist 
 
 Works. - Cantatas : Thoughts of home, 
 treble voices (1867) ; Bethany, Bedford, 1881, 
 and, later, in London, many other places, and 
 some of the Colonies ; Alcestis (written for 
 25th annual concert of the Grammar School). 
 Farewell, and a Jubilee Ode (both with or- 
 chestra). Collection of original hymn-tunes; 
 anthems ; Songs and part-songs ; Pf. pieces, 
 etc. 
 
 Dignum, Charles, tenor vocalist, was 
 born at Rotherhithe, London, in 1765. Chor- 
 ister in chapel of Sardinian ambassador, Lon- 
 don. He studied music under Samuel Webbe, 
 and worked for a time as carver and gilder. 
 Articled to T. Llnley for seven years. Debut 
 as Meadows in " Love in a Village," 178i. 
 Sang afterwards at Vauxhall, Haym.arket 
 Theatre, etc. He died at London, March 29, 
 1827. 
 
 Dignum, who was usually regarded as the 
 successor of Beard, composed a number of 
 songs, and published a collection of "Vocal 
 Music, consisting of songs, duets, and glees," 
 London [c. 1810] , with portrait. He was 
 most successful as a singer of English ballads. 
 Among his single songs may be named Maid 
 of the rock ; Neglected Tar ; Poor Recruit ; 
 Soldier's consolation ; Sweet Jane ; William 
 of Allerton Green, etc. 
 
 Ding, Lawrence, musician and publisher, 
 who was engaged in business in Edinburgh, 
 and died there in October, 1800. He pub- 
 lished " The Songster's Favourite, or a new 
 collection containing 40 of the most cele- 
 brated songs, duets, trios, etc.," Edinburgh, 
 n.d. " The Anacreontic JNIuseum," Edin- 
 burgh, n.d., etc. 
 
 Distin, Theodore, composer and singer, 
 born at Brighton, in 1828. Son of John 
 Distin (1793-1863), a celebrated trumpet- 
 player and inventor of the keyed bugle, 
 under whom he studied. His father having 
 organized a band, composed of members of 
 the family, Theodore played the French horn 
 in it, and travelled with it from 1836 to 1844. 
 Afterwards he studied singing under T. Cooke 
 and Negri and became a baritone singer in 
 the Pyne and Harrison Opera Company. He 
 was a singer in Bencher's Chapel, Lincoln's 
 Inn, and an Associate of the R.A.IM. He was 
 latterly a teacher in Loudon, and died on 
 April 12, 1893. 
 
126 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 DIXON. 
 
 Works. — Services in C and G. Glees and 
 part-songs. Two masses. Songs, etc. In 
 1890, he wrote a madrigalian chorus entitlpd 
 The Break of Day. Tutor for the Bah^id 
 Horn [1871] . His father issued A selection 
 of Swedish Melodies arranged for cornet, sax- 
 horn, etc. [1847]. 
 
 Dixon, Rev. E. S., writer, author of 
 " The Piano Primer, and Instructor's 
 Assistant," n.d. 
 
 Dixon, George, composer and organist, 
 born at Norwich, June 5, 1820. Chorister Nor- 
 wich Cathedral, 1827-34. Musically trained 
 as a private pupil of Dr. Buck to 1835. Pupil 
 and assisian' organist of Parish Church, 
 Grantham, 1835-4.5. Organist of the Parish 
 Church, Retford, Notts., 1845-59; Parish 
 Church, Louth, 1859-65; Parish Church, 
 Grantham, 1865, resigned, 1886. Mus. Bac, 
 Oxon., 1852; Mus. Doc, 1858. An Hon. Ex- 
 aminer for Royal College of Music, at Gran- 
 tham and Lincoln. He died at Finchley, 
 June 8, 1887. 
 
 Works. — 121st Psalm, for voices and or- 
 chestra (MS.) Pope's Messiah, cantata for 
 voices and orchestra (MS.) Numerous an- 
 thems, hymns, chants, etc. Songs. He also 
 contribut-'d to various collections of psalms 
 and chants. 
 
 Dixon, J., musician, author of "Canto 
 Recitativo, or a system of English Chant . . " 
 London [1816]. 
 
 DJxon, William, writer, teacher, and 
 music-engraver, born about 1760 ; died Lon- 
 don, 1825. He resided chiefly in Liverpool 
 and London. 
 
 Works. — Sacred music, consisting of a Te 
 Deum . . . anthems, psalm tunes, and 
 hymns . . . [1790]. Euphonia ... 62 
 Psalm and hymn tunes in four parts . . . 
 for the congregaiion of All Saints' Church, 
 Liverpool. Six glees for three voices. Mo- 
 ralities : six glees, Cambridge [1800]. In- 
 troduction to singing, containing rules for 
 singing at sight . . . 1795. 
 
 Dixon, William Hubert, organist and 
 composer, born at Bishopstone, Wilts., August 
 1, 1846. Organist of High Church, Kilmar- 
 nock, from 1869, and conductor of the Phil- 
 harmonic Society there. His sacred cantata, 
 "Jerusalem," was produced at Kilmarnock, 
 December, 1887 ; he has also written some 
 part songs and pf. pieces. He died at Kil- 
 marnock, July 31, 1893. 
 
 Dobson, John, psalmody collector and 
 composer, was born in 1814, died, Richmond, 
 Surrey, May 1, 1888. He was an industrious 
 collector of psalm and hymn books, and his 
 library was sold in November, 1889, in 492 
 lots, consisting mainly of collections of 
 psalmody. He edited "Tunes new and old," 
 1864, and other editions till 1877, of which 
 some were revised by Dr. Gauntlett. 
 
 DONE. 
 
 Docker, Frederick Arthur William, 
 
 organist and conductor, born in London, 
 August 14, 1852. Studied, R.A.M. Associate 
 of the Academy. Organist and choirmaster, 
 St. Andrew's, Wells Street, London, where he 
 was first a chorister, then pupil of, and assist- 
 ant to, the late Sir Joseph Barnby. When 
 the Handel Society was formed, in 1882, he 
 was appointed conductor; an office he held 
 for ten years. He also conducts the concerts 
 of the Kyrle Society, succeeding Malcolm 
 Ijawson in 1886. He has published a setting 
 of the Te Deum ; ye that love the Lord, 
 and other church music ; part-songs, etc. 
 
 Dodds, Tom William, organist and 
 composer, son of Thomas Dodds, tenor vocal- 
 ist (died 1892), was born at Leeds, September 
 22, 1852. At nine years of age became a 
 chorister at Leeds Parish Church, and a year 
 later organist of Headingley Chapel. Educa- 
 ted at Bury Grammar School. Organist 
 successively of St. Matthew's, Leeds, 1863-6 ; 
 St. Wilfred's Collegiate Chapel, 1866-72 ; and 
 of Queen's College, and St. Clement's Church, 
 Oxford, since 1872. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1876 ; Mus. Doc. 1887, Oxford. Examiner 
 for musical degrees in Oxford University, 
 1895. His compositions comprise an oratorio, 
 " Hezekiah," a setting of Psalm 8 ; chants, 
 hymn tunes and pf. pieces. 
 
 Dodwell, Rev. Henry, clergyman and 
 writer, born at Dublin, 1641, died in 1711. 
 In addition to many theological works, he 
 wrote "A Treatise on the lawfulness of instru- 
 mental Musick in Holy Offices," . . London, 
 1700 ; 2nd edition, with large additions, 1700. 
 
 Dodworth, Harvey B., bandmaster and 
 composer, born at Sheffield in 1822. Inventor 
 of the rotary string-valve and bell-back 
 instruments. Settled in the United States. 
 He wrote and published several works on 
 band instruments and military band instru- 
 mentation. The first military band in the 
 U.S. was organised by Mv. Dodworth. He 
 was a musician of sterling worth, and was 
 much esteemed in the United States. He 
 died at New York, in April, 1891. 
 
 Dolby, Charlotte, sec Sainton-Dolby. 
 
 " Dolores." See Dickson (Ellen). 
 
 Donaldson, John, musician, theorist, 
 and Professor of ]\Iusic in Edinburgh Univer- 
 sity, 1845-65, was born about 1790, died at 
 Cramond, near Edinburgh, August 12, 1865. 
 He was for some time previous to his appoint- 
 ment a teacher of music in Glasgow, and had 
 been bred to the law. He did much to pro- 
 mote the interests of the Chair of Music in 
 the University, and practically did everything 
 to establish the efficiency of the Chair, by the 
 erection of the music room and organ, and by 
 getting the rights of the Music Chair estab- 
 lished by process at Law in 1851-55. 
 
 Done, Joshua, organist and writer, was 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 127 
 
 DONE. 
 
 "born in London. He studied at Paris under 
 •Cherubini, and was organist successively of 
 S. Jolm's, Lambeth ; Chelsea Old Church ; 
 Knightsbridge Chapel ; and S. Augustine's, 
 Liverpool. He died at King's Lynn, Novem- 
 laer 2, 1848, in extreme poverty. Author of 
 ^' A Short Treatise on Harmony, Thorough 
 Bass, and Modulation, including the compass 
 and properties of Musical Instruments in 
 general." London, Cocks, n.d. "Treatise on 
 the Organ," London, 1837. "Tuner's Com- 
 panion : a Treatise on the Construction of 
 Pianofortes, .with various methods of Tuning 
 them," London, n.d. "Selection of the most 
 popular, with many original Psalm and Hymn 
 Tunes, Chants, etc.," London [1830.] 
 
 Done, William, organist and conductor, 
 horn at Worcester, 1815. Entered the Cathe- 
 dral choir in 1825, and sang in the chorus at 
 the Worcester Festival of 1827. In 1839 he 
 was apprenticed to Charles E. J. Clarke, the 
 Cathedral Organist, and was elected his suc- 
 cessor, June, 1814. He conducted the Wor- 
 cester Festival of 1845, and was associated 
 with the meetings of the Three Choirs until 
 1890, when he resigned the baton, and tcok 
 upon himself the duty of orchestral steward. 
 In 1894, he celebrated his jubilee as organist 
 of the Cathedral, when the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury conferred on him the honorary 
 degree of Doctor of Music. He was for many 
 years conductor of the Worcester Philhar- 
 monic Society, an office he resigned in 1884. 
 He composed much Church music, but will 
 be more remembered by the reforms he insti- 
 tuted in the Cathedral services, the introduc- 
 tion of great works on special occasions, and 
 the formation of a large voluntary choir. He 
 died at Worcester, August 17, 1895. 
 
 Donkin, W. F., writer and musician, 
 M.A., F.R.S., etc. Savihan Professor of As- 
 tronomy, Oxford. Author of " Acoustics, 
 Theoretical." Part I., Oxford, 1870. All 
 published of a work designed to cover the 
 whole range of the science of sound. 
 
 Doorly, Martin Edward, organist and 
 composer, born in Demerara, British Guiana, 
 1847. Was for many years organist of the 
 Cathedral, Bridgetown, Barbadoes, and con- 
 ductor of concerts ; also music nraster at 
 Queen's College, Barbadoes. In 1891, he gradu- 
 ated Mus. Bac, Durham, after examination 
 held at Codrington College (affiliated to Dur- 
 ham University), Barbadoes. He composed an 
 oratorio, " The Raising of Lazarus," produced 
 at Marshall's Hall, Bridgetown, August 24, 
 1880, and repeated on the 27th, in St. Leo- 
 nard's Church ; this performance being con- 
 ducted by the Lord Bishop of the diocese 
 (Dr. Mitchinson). He also wrote an opera, 
 " Equality ;" A burlesque ; and published 
 some organ pieces and songs. He died at 
 Barbadoes, August 22, 1895. 
 
 DORRELL. 
 
 His brother, the Rev. W. S. Dooely, was 
 born at Upper Park Camp, Jamaica, in 1851. 
 Studied music under F. Jackson, of Hull ; 
 J. Whomes, of Woolwich ; with Dr. Wylde, 
 and others at the London Academy of Music ; 
 and Tonic Sol-fa with L. C. Venables. Was 
 organist of St. Mary's, Bridgetown, Barbadoes, 
 1870-2 ; appointed organist and choirmaster 
 of Holy Trinity Cathedral, Trinidad, in 1872. 
 Took holy orders in 1877, and was appointed 
 Hon. Canon and Precentor of the Cathedral 
 in 1894. At Port-of-Spain he has been very 
 active as a conductor of choral and orchestral 
 societies ; and in addition to the Messiah, 
 Elijah, Hymn of Praise, and such established 
 compositions, has brought forward " The 
 Redemption" (Gounod); "Lazarus" (M. E. 
 Doorly, 1883) ; " St. John the Evangelist " 
 (Arnies) ; " The Prodigal Son " (Sullivan) ; 
 " The Crucifixion " (Stainer) ; and many other 
 important works for the first time in Trinidad. 
 
 Doran, Rev. John Wilberforce, clergy- 
 man and author, born London, 1834. B.A., 
 Cantab, 1857; M.A., 1861; Ordained, 1857. 
 Vicar of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire, 1883. 
 He has compiled a large number of works for 
 the musical service of the Church of England, 
 such as Choir Directory of Plain Song. The 
 Psalter and Canticles arranged for Gregorian 
 chanting. Ritual Music of the Altar. Choir 
 Book of Ritual Music of the Altar. Hyfforddwr 
 av y Gan Eglwysig (Welsh Plain-song Di- 
 rectory). Te Deums, Chants, etc. 
 
 Dorrell, William, pianist, born in Lon- 
 don, September 5, 1810. Son of Edmund 
 Dorrell, painter, and early member of the old 
 Water Colour Society. William Dorrell 
 received his first lessons from his eldest sister, 
 and afterwards entered the R.A.M., and studied 
 under Dr. Crotch, Cipriani Potter, and Charles 
 Lucas. In 1844 he went to Paris, and studied 
 with Kalkbrenner and Stephen Heller. Re- 
 turning to London, he was made a Professor 
 of the Pf. at the R.A.M., an office he retained 
 for over forty years. Half a century ago 
 Mr. Dorrell was known as a most skilful 
 pianist, and he appeared occasionally in 
 public. One noticeable concert he gave at 
 the Hanover Square Rooms, June 2, 1842, 
 when he played Bennett's Concerto in E flat. 
 Mendelssohn was present at this concert. 
 His time was afterwards mainly occupied in 
 teaching, his pupils including members of 
 many noble families. Of his compositions 
 very little is known. At a Matinee d' invita- 
 tion he gave at his residence, June 20, 1882, 
 he introduced a movement from a Sonata for 
 pf. and violin, which he played with M. Sain- 
 ton. He was one of the founders of the Bach 
 Society, in 1849 ; Member of the Royal 
 Society of Musicians, and of the Philharmonic 
 Society. He died in London, December 13, 
 1896. The sister, already mentioned, Jane 
 
128 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 DORRINGTON. 
 
 DoRRELL, was a fine pianist, pupil of Mrs. 
 Anderson, and Cipriani Potter. In 1830, she 
 played at the " Oratorios " at Covent Garden 
 Theatre. She played Mendelssohn's Rondo 
 brilliant in B minor, at the concert of June 2, 
 1842 ; and once had the honour of playing to 
 Queen Adelaide, at St. James's Palace. She 
 died in London, July 19, 1883 
 
 Dorrington, Theoph., clergyman of the 
 18th century, author of "A Discourse on 
 Singing in the Worship of God," London, 
 1704. 
 
 Dougall, Neil, minor poet aid composer, 
 was born at Greenock, December 9, 1776. 
 Apprenticed to mercantile marine service, 
 1791. He continued a seaman till accidentally 
 wounded while discharging a cannon, in 1794. 
 Became a teacher of music, 1799. Married 
 Margaret Donaldson, 1806. Inn-keeper in 
 Greenock, 1824. He died at Greenock, 
 October 1, 1862. 
 
 Works.— Poems and Songs, Greenock, 1854. 
 Psalm tunes : Naples, 1801 ; Kilmarnock, 
 1823 ; Patience ; New East Church ; etc. 
 Also tunes contributed to Stevens' " Sacred 
 Music," vol. 6. 
 
 His daughter, Lilly Dougall, was at one 
 time a well-known contralto vocalist. 
 
 Dow, Daniel, composer, teacher, and 
 collector of last century, was born in Perth- 
 shire in 1732, and from 1765 he resided in 
 Edinburgh as a teacher, etc. He died at 
 Edinburgh, January 20, 1783. 
 
 Works. — Twenty Minuets and sixteen 
 Reels, or Country Dances for the Violin, 
 Harpsichord, or German Flute, Edinburgh 
 [1775] . Collection of Ancient Scots IMusic 
 [1778] . A Collection of Ancient Scots Music 
 for the Violin, Harpsichord, or German Flute, 
 never before printed, consisting of Ports, 
 Salutations, Marches or Pibrochs, etc., Edin- 
 burgh, u.d. Thirty-seven New Reels and 
 Strathspeys, for the Violin, Harpsichord, 
 Pianoforte, or German Flute, Edinburgh 
 (N. Stewart), n.d. Of his dances, " Mony- 
 musk," a strathspey, is probably best known. 
 
 Dowland, John, composer and lutenist, 
 born at Westminster, in 1562. He resided on 
 the Continent in 1581-84, but returned to 
 England and became Mus. Bac, Oxon., in 
 1588, and also Cantab., in 1592. Lutenist to 
 Charles IV. of Denmark about 1599. Re- 
 turned to England in 1005, and after another 
 period of residence in Denmark he finally 
 settled in England from 1609. He became 
 lutenist to the King in 1625. He died in 
 1626. 
 
 Works. — The First booke of Songes or Ayres 
 of foure parts, with tablature for the Lute, 
 1595. Second booke, do., 1600. Third booke, 
 do., 1602. Lachrimse, or seven teares figured 
 in seaven passionate pavaus, with divers other 
 pavans, galiards, and almands, set forth for 
 
 DOYLE. 
 
 the lute, viols, or violins, in five parts, 1605.- 
 A Pilgrinr's solace, wherein is contained inu- 
 sical harmony of three, four, and five parts, 
 to be sung and plaid with lute and viols, 1612. 
 Translation of Ornithoparcus, his Micrologus, 
 or introduction : containing the art of singing 
 and the perfect use of the monochord . . . 
 London, 1609. Harmonies in Este's Psalms, 
 etc. 
 
 The poetry and music both in Dowland's 
 works are of an exceptionally high degree of 
 excellence, and he is properly classed among 
 the best musicians of his time. The poetry, 
 indeed, is so good that Professor Arber has- 
 reprinted the three books of songs, etc. (words 
 only), in his valuable series of classical re- 
 prints, while the Musical Antiquarian Society 
 have done a like service for the first book of 
 the sauTe set. His music has that quaint, 
 delightful flavour common to compositions of 
 the 16th and 17th centuries. Shakespeare 
 has shown his preference for Dowland in the 
 sonnet commencing — 
 
 " If music and sweet jjoetry agree." 
 
 Dowland, Robert, composer, son of above, 
 succeeded his father as lutenist to the King, 
 in 1626. He edited several musical publica- 
 tions, and a " Varietie of Lessons," etc. 
 
 Dowling, Thomas Barrow, organist 
 and conductor of the present time. Student 
 and Associate, R.A.M. Some time organist 
 of St. Philip's, Regent Street, London. In 
 1888, appointed organist of St. George's Cathe- 
 dral, Cape Town, and conductor of a choral 
 union. After four seasons he amalgamated 
 this with a society in Cape Town, and began 
 producing oratorios on a fuller scale. In 1895 
 he was invited to conduct the Orchestral 
 Society in Cape Town, which dated back to 
 1864. The chief works of the great masters, 
 and those of the nrodern school, have been 
 jjresented under his direction. He has also 
 developed the Cathedral choir, which has 
 given performances of Mendelssohn's " St. 
 Paul," and other great works. A new organ 
 was erected in the Cathedral, and Mr. Barrow 
 opened it with a recital, Nov. 4, 1890, since 
 when he has given many public performances 
 upon the instrument ; and is a busy worker 
 in the cause of music in South Africa. 
 
 Downes, Rev. James F., amateur com- 
 poser, born in the West Riding of Yorkshire, 
 has written the cantatas, " The Parable of the 
 ten Virgins," Leeds, 1882 ; and " The Prodigal 
 Son," 1885 ; and some secular pieces. He is 
 a priest of the Roman Catholic Church, and 
 is at x^resent at St. Patrick's, Bradford. 
 
 Doyle, C. W., viola player, born at 
 Scarborough. Educated at R.A.M., and 
 elected a Fellow of that Institution. For 
 many years Member of the Royal Italian 
 Opera, and other orchestras. Principal viola, 
 Birmingham Festival orchestra, 1861-82 ; 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 129 
 
 DRIFFIELD. 
 
 Leeds Festival, 1874-92 ; Worcester Festival, 
 1893. Played io chamber concerts with the 
 Carrodus Quartet, 1877, etc. Professor in the 
 Guildhall ydiool of Music. Ada Doyle, his 
 daughter, contralto vocalist, was a pupil of 
 Madame Dolby, and made her debut at Bux- 
 ton, in May, 1885. 
 
 Driffield, Edward Townshend, ama- 
 teur organist and composer, born at Prescot, 
 near Liverpool, December 10, 1851. Organist 
 of Christ Church, Claughton, Birkenhead, 
 where he has given recitals, 1883-4. He is 
 the composer of a Cantata, " My soul doth 
 magnify the Lord " ; a Sonata in G, for organ ; 
 and some glees, one of which, " Come follow 
 me" was sung by the Bristol Orpheus Society 
 at its annual concert, February 9, 1893. 
 
 Druitt, Dr. Robert, writer, author of 
 " A Popular Tract on Church Music, with 
 remarks on its moral and political importance, 
 and a practical scheme for its reformation," 
 London, 1845; "Conversations on the Choral 
 Service, being an examination of the popular 
 prejudices against Church Music," London, 
 1853. 
 
 Drummond, George, organist and com- 
 poser, was born in 1798, died in 1839. Blind 
 from infancy. He studied under Crotch, and 
 published " Parochial Psalmody, or 70 plain 
 psalm tunes arranged for the organ or piano- 
 forte," n.d. O give thanks unto the Lord, 
 Anthem. 
 
 Drummond, James, musician, was born 
 at Cambuslang, near Glasgow, in October, 
 1811. He was choirmaster of St. George's 
 Church, Glasgow, from 1852 to 1875. Well- 
 known in Glasgow as a good musician. He 
 died at Glasgow, November 18, 1883. His 
 youngest son, Thomas Smith Drummond, 
 born, Grlasgow, June 1, 1854, is a pianist and 
 conductor. He holds various positions in 
 Glasgow, and has composed some vocal music. 
 
 Dryden, Henry E. L., author of "On 
 Church Music, and the Fittings of Churches 
 for Music," London, 1854. 
 
 Drysdale, F. Learmont, composer, born 
 in Edinburgh, 1866. Originally educated for 
 an architect, he turned to music, and entered 
 the R.A.M., winning, in 1890, the Lucas 
 prize for composition. While a student he 
 produced a ballad for orchestra, "The Spirit 
 of the Glen" (1889); Orchestral prelude, 
 " Thomas the Rhymer " (1890) ; and a scena, 
 forming part of a Cantata, " The Kelpie," 
 afterwards produced at Edinburgh (Paterson 
 concerts), December 17, 1894. His overture, 
 " Tam O'Shanter," was awarded a prize by 
 the Glasgow Society of Musicians, 1891, and 
 it was performed at the Crystal Palace, 
 October 24, of that year. Another overture, 
 " Herondian," was produced by the Stock 
 Exchange Orchestral Society, April 24, 1894. 
 He has been selected to compose the music to 
 
 DUDENEY. 
 
 the opera founded on Baring-Gould's novel, 
 " The Red Spider." His mystic musical play, 
 " The Plague," was produced at the Lyceum 
 Theatre, Edinburgh, in October, 1896. 
 
 Dubourg, Qeorge, writer, grandson of 
 Matthew, was born m 1799, died at Maiden- 
 head, April 17, 1882. Author of " The Violin ; 
 being an account of that leading Instrument, 
 and its most Eminent Professors," London 
 [1832] ; 2nd edition, 1837; 4th edition, 1852; 
 5th edition, 1856. 
 
 Dubourg, Matthew, violinist and com- 
 poser, was born at London iu 1703. He 
 studied under Geminiani. Appeared first at 
 Britton's concerts, 1715. Composer and 
 master of state music in Ireland, 1728. Suc- 
 ceeded Festing as member of King's band, 
 1752. Leader of band on production of 
 Handel's " Messiah." He died at London, 
 July 3. 1767. He composed concertos, solos, 
 and variations for the violin ; odes, songs, and 
 other vocal music. He was the leading Eng- 
 lish violinist of his day, and one of the greatest 
 among his contemporaries. 
 
 Duchemin, Charles Jean Batiste, 
 pianist, composer, and conductor, born in 
 Birmingham, May 12, 1827. His father was a 
 French naval officer, who was taken prisoner 
 during the war with Napoleon I. He married 
 an English lady, and settled in Birmingham 
 as a teacher of languages. The son was 
 educated at King Edward's Grammar School, 
 and his musical talent developing, lie was 
 sent to Brussels, where he studied at the 
 Conservatoire under M. Fetis. On his return 
 he devoted his attention to teaching, and con- 
 cert work, and was for many years a foremost 
 figure in musical life in the Midlands. He 
 was organist successively at St. Peter's, R.C. 
 Church, and the Oratory, Edgbaston, where 
 he had the present Duke of Norfolk as a pupil. 
 He conducted the German Liederkranz ; 
 founded the Edgbaston Amateur Musical 
 Union, an orchestral society of which he was 
 for nearly twenty years the conductor. With 
 two other artists he originated chamber 
 concerts in Birmingham, which he continued 
 for some time, introducing many famous 
 performers to the town. He was for many 
 years local secretary for Trinity College, 
 London. His compositions include several 
 operettas, and orchestral pieces, which remain 
 in MS. Many of his pf. pieces have been 
 published : Tarantella in F minor ; Saltarello 
 in D minor ; La Velocite Etude, in octaves ; 
 Caprice brilliante ; Idyll in E flat, etc. He 
 has also composed songs, trios, etc. 
 
 Dudeney, Thomas James, organist, 
 composer, and condiictor, born at Mayfield, 
 Sussex, November 29, 1854. Studied under 
 G. A. Macfarren. Organist Dunster parish 
 church (1876) ; St. James's, Taunton ; and 
 now of St. Anne's, Eastbourne. Established 
 
130 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 DUFF. 
 
 in 1875 the Taunton Philharmonic Associa- 
 tion, and a similar one at Dunster, in 1877 ; 
 and the Washwood Musical Society in 1880. 
 Principal of the Taunton College of Music, 
 1888. He has given many concerts, notice- 
 able for the production of important works by 
 British composers. He has written a cantata, 
 " Song of joy," for soli, chorus, and orchestra ; 
 " Who is Sylvia," eight-part chorus, with 
 orchestra ; songs and part-songs. Also an 
 overture, " Cassibelan ; an Elegy (In Memo- 
 riani, Sterndale Bennett), for orchestra ; String 
 quartets in D and E minor ; organ pieces, etc. 
 
 Duff, Charles, Scottish collector, was a 
 teacher in Dundee about the beginning of the 
 present century, and a partner in the music 
 and bookselling firm of Duff and Chalmers. 
 His partner, James Chalmers, was the in- 
 ventor of the adhesive postage stamp, which 
 did so much to make the establishment of the 
 penny post such a success. Duff published 
 " A Collection of Strathspeys, Reels, Jiggs, etc., 
 with a bass for the violincello or harpsichord, 
 etc." Edinburgh, [1790] . Duff died at Dun- 
 dee, about 1822. 
 
 Archibald Duff, brother of the above, was 
 a dancing-master and composer in Montrose 
 and Aberdeen, and published " A Collection of 
 Strathspeys, Reels, etc., for the pianoforte, 
 violin, and violoncello," Edinburgh, 1794. 
 " The first part of a choice selection of Minuets, 
 Dances, etc.," Aberdeen, 1812. Duff was a 
 teacher of dancing in Aberdeen till 1820, and 
 is said to have been conductor of the Phil- 
 harmonic Society before John Mackenzie, 
 grandfather of Sir A. C. Mackenzie. 
 
 Dufferin, Helen Selina, Lady, was 
 born in 1807. She was a daughter of Thomas 
 Sheridan, and grand-daughter of R. B. Sheri- 
 dan. Her sister was Caroline, the Hon. Mrs. 
 Norton. In 1825 she married the fourth Baron 
 Dufferin, and, in 1862, was married a second 
 time, to the Earl of Gifiord. She died on 
 June 13, 1867. She was mother of the present 
 Marquess of Dufferin. Composer of "A Set 
 of ten Songs and two Duets, the words and 
 music by two sisters" [1833]. Also sets of 
 twelve and seven Songs [1833-39] . Ten Songs 
 for contralto or mezzo-soprano voice, with pf. 
 accompaniment [1861] . She also composed 
 "Terence's farewell to Kathleen" (" So, my 
 Kathleen ! you're goin' to lave me "), and 
 wrote many lyrics set by Barker, etc. See 
 further, " Songs, Poems, and verses, by Helen, 
 Lady Dufferin, edited by the Marquess of 
 Dufferin and Ava," 1894. 
 
 Duggan, Joseph Francis, composer and 
 pianist, born at Dublin, July 10, 1817. He 
 went early in life to the United States, and 
 became accompanist of the recitatives in the 
 Italian Opera at New York. Afterwards he 
 became musical conductor of opera under 
 John Wilson, and of a German opera com- 
 
 DUNCAN. 
 
 pany. He became a teacher in PhiladelxDhia. 
 Baltimore, and Washington, and was principal 
 of the Philadelphia Musical Institute, 1841. 
 He resided in Paris as a pianist and teacher, 
 1844-45, and afterwards in P]dinburgh. After- 
 wards he settled in London, and became 
 musical director at the Marylebone Theatre, 
 1854, and later a professor of singing at the 
 Guildhall School of Music, etc. 
 
 Works. — Operas — Pierre, London, Novem- 
 ber, 1853 ; Leonie, London, March, 1854 ; 
 The Brides of Venice (Ms.); Alfred, Phila- 
 delphia (MS.) ; Le Nain Noir, Paris (MS.) 
 Overture, etc., to As you like it, 1854. Home 
 and foreign lyrics, a set of thirteen songs. 
 Rhythmic tentatives, six songs. Op. 1 (1879). 
 Two symphonies in C and E flat. Six string 
 quartets. Numerous pianoforte pieces and 
 songs. Author of the Singing-masters assist- 
 ant, a first series of vocal exercises, London, 
 [1878] ; and translator of Albrechtsberger's 
 "Science of Music," Philadelphia, 1842 ; and 
 F6tis' "Counterpoint and Fugue." 
 
 Dun, Finlay, composer and teacher, was 
 born at Aberdeen, February 24, 1795. He 
 studied under Baillot, and at Milan. He 
 played first tenor in the theatre of San Carlo. 
 Afterwards he studied singing under Crescen- 
 tini, and settled in Edinburgh as violinist, 
 composer, and teacher. He died, Edinburgh, 
 November 28, 1853. 
 
 Works. — Two Symphonies for full orch. 
 (MS.) ; Solfeggi and Exercises upon Scales, 
 Intervals, etc.. .to which is prefixed an Intro- 
 ductory Discourse on Vocal Expression, Lon- 
 don, 1829 ; Two prize glees ; The Vocal 
 Melodies of Scotland, edited with John Thom- 
 son (Paterson) ; Wood's Songs of Scotland, 
 edited with G. F. Graham, etc. ; Pf. music. 
 Part-songs and Glees : June ; The Parted 
 Spirit (prize at Manchester Gentlemen's Glee 
 Club), 1831 ; She is coming, trio, etc ; An- 
 thems, psalms, hymns ; Lays from Strathearn, 
 by the Baroness Nairne, Glasgow, n.d. 
 [c. 1845-7] ; The Musical Scrap Book, Edin- 
 burgh [1833], 2 vols. Grain na'h Albain, a 
 Collection of Gaelic Songs, with English and 
 Gaelic words, and an Appendix containing 
 Traditionary Notes to many of the Songs . 
 Edinburgh, 1848. Analysis of Scottish 
 Music, etc, 
 
 Duncan, Alexander, music-teacher and 
 vocalist, born about 1796. He was precentor 
 of the outer High Church (now St. Paul's), 
 Glasgow, from 1829 to 18.36. Died at Spring- 
 burn, Glasgow, March 26, i863. Compiler of 
 " The Choir, a collection of psalm and hymn 
 tunes, adapted to various measures, .with 
 copious rudimental instructions in the art of 
 vocal music," Glasgow, 1828. For this work 
 the Rev. Dr. Wm. Anderson wrote a preface. 
 
 Duncan, Arthur, violinist, who resided 
 in Dumfries. Published "A Collection of 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 131 
 
 DUNCAN. 
 
 reels, strathspeys, quadrilles', waltzes, etc," 
 Glasgow, 1852. Of this we have only seen 
 one part. 
 
 Duncan, Gideon, author of the " True 
 Presbyterian, or a brief account of the new 
 singing, its author and progress in general." 
 1755. 
 
 Duncan, William Edmondstoune, 
 composer, pianist, and organist, born at Sale, 
 Cheshire, in 1866. Showed musical talent 
 very early, and became A.R.C.O. at sixteen. 
 At the opening of the K.C.M. in 1883, he won 
 an open Scholarship for composition, studying 
 under Hubert Parry, Villiers Stanford, E. 
 Pauer, and G. C. Martin. He studied, after 
 leaving R.C.M., with Sir G. A. Macfarren, 
 and for ten years pursued his profession in 
 London, during which time several of his 
 works were performed, notably a concert 
 overture under the direction of Hamish 
 McCunn, at Hampstead, in June, 1888. He 
 then returned to his native town, where he is 
 chiefly occupied in composition; also holding 
 a professorship at the Oldham College of 
 Music. While in London he was musical 
 critic to a provincial, and also to a London 
 daily paper. 
 
 Works. — Ye Mariners of England, ode for 
 chorus and orchestra, op. 4, produced by the 
 Glasgow Choral Union, March 4, 1890; Mass 
 in F minor, op. 13, compo ed, 1892; Perseus, 
 opera in two acts (libretto by Professor Mar- 
 shall Hall), 1892; Ode to Music (Swinburne), 
 soprano solo, chorus and orchestra, 1893 ; 
 Sonnet to the Nightingale (Milton), soprano 
 solo and orchestra, op. 32, 1895. Morning 
 and Evening Service, together with the office 
 for Holy Communion, set to music in the key 
 of G, op. 21. Album of four Songs, op. 1 ; 
 Three Songs ; Four Sonnets of Shakespeare ; 
 Ye ]\Iariners of England ; Hymn to the Queen, 
 1897, and other songs ; part-songs, etc. 
 Orchestral : Concert Overture in D minor, 
 op. 4, composed 1887, produced 1888 ; A Tone 
 Poem. op. 7 ; Processional ]\Iarch ; In IMemo- 
 riam, meditation in D minor, op. 17 ; Trio in 
 E minor, pf. and strings, op. 28, produced at 
 Oldham, December 18, 1895 ; Sonatas in C 
 minor, op. 3, D minor, op. 8, and E fiat 
 minor, op. 9 ; Six tone pictures; Six pieces 
 for children, all for pf. ; Six pieces for organ 
 (Cecilia, Book 49) ; ]\Ieditation ; Postlude ; 
 Processional ]\Iarch, organ, etc. 
 
 Dunkley, Ferdinand L., composer and 
 organist, born in London, 1869, related to the 
 family of Smart. In 1881, he was in the 
 practising schools of St. John's, Battersea, 
 under Edward Mills, ]\Ius. Bac. In 1886 he 
 obtained the F.R.C.O., and the same year 
 gained a scholarship at the R.C.M., where he 
 remained four years, studying composition 
 under Dr. Hubert Parry. He gained the 
 prize of 50 guineas offered by the directors of 
 
 DUNN. 
 
 the Promenade Concerts at Her Llajesty's 
 Theatre, 1889, for a Suite for orchestra. His 
 setting of " The Wreck of the Hesperus," for 
 chorus and orchestra, was produced at the 
 Crystal Palace, April 7, 1894. He has also 
 composed several songs. In 1893 he was 
 appointed Professor of Music in St. Agnes' 
 School, Albany, U.S.A., and holds the office of 
 organist in the chief church in that place. 
 
 Dunmore, Earl of, Charles Adolphus 
 Murray, amateur composer, born on March 
 24, 1841. In 1866 he married the 3rd daughter 
 of the Earl of Leicester. He was a captain 
 in the Scots Guards ; Lord Lieutenant of 
 Stirlingshire, etc. Composer of a Suite Sym- 
 phonique, for orchestra, produced at the 
 Brighton Festival, 1880 ; Pastorale, for violin 
 and pf. (1878) ; Military march, for the pf. ; 
 Dance music. Sovgs : Fisher maid ; For 
 ever ; Spirit of my dream ; Years, years ago, 
 duet, etc. 
 
 Dunn, John F., violinist, born at HuU, 
 Februarv 10, 1866. Began learning the violin 
 when eight years old under his brother, the 
 leader at a Hull theatre. He was soon playing 
 at concerts, and when barely eleven was en- 
 gaged as assistant leader at the Theatre Royal, 
 Hull. In 1878 he entered the Conservatorium, 
 Leipzig, studying under Schradieck (violin), 
 Jadassohn, and E. F. Richter. After distin- 
 guishing himself at the Conservatorium, and 
 playing the first movement of the Beethoven 
 Concerto at the Hauptj)riifung, in May, 1882, 
 he gave some Chamber concerts in different 
 towns in Saxony, and returned to England. 
 He made his first appearance at Covent Gar- 
 den Promenade Concerts, October 4, 1882, 
 playing the Concerto in E, of Vieuxtemps. 
 In 1885 he appeared at the Crystal Palace 
 Concerts (Mr. Manns' benefit), and also Nov- 
 ember 13, 1886, when he played Gade's Con- 
 certo in D minor. Since then he has given 
 concerts in many places, and gained a place 
 among the finest violinists of the day. His 
 repertory enibraces all schools, from Paganini 
 to Spohr ; and it was as the exponent of the 
 Ninth Concerto of the last-named that he 
 inade his first appearance at the Philharmonic 
 Society's Concerts, February 27, 1896. 
 
 Dunn, Matthew Sinclair, tenor vocalist, 
 lyric author, and composer, born at Glasgow, 
 August 3, 1846. As a lad he played the cornet 
 in a Volunteer band, and later while engaged 
 in business, kept up his musical studies as a 
 Tonic Sol-faist. Was precentor in Ayrshire, 
 and choirmaster to the late Lady Elizabeth 
 Pringle, in Berwickshire, where he wrote and 
 gave his popular entertainments. In 1879 he 
 won a scholarship at the Tonic Sol-fa College, 
 and went to London. He afterwards entered 
 the R.A.M., studying singing under Ettore 
 Fiori, W. H. Cummings, and J. B. Welch, 
 and harmony with Sir G. A. Macfarren. He 
 
132 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 DUNNE. 
 
 has sung at the Crystal Palace, the Promenade 
 Concerts, and in most of the provincial towns. 
 His concert lectures and entertainments, and 
 chamber concerts of Scottish song, have been 
 given in many places. In 1888 he was ap- 
 pointed conductor of the Choral class, and 
 teacher of singing in Trinity College, London. 
 He is author of The Solo Singer ; The Solo 
 Singer's vade mecum, Curwen ; The Art of 
 Singing ; The Choir-boy's Manual ; and The 
 Music Class, or Sight-singer. Editor of Auld 
 Scotch Sangs, two collections, each of 96 
 Songs, Glasgow, Morison. Author of The 
 Bride of Cambus (set by W. G. Wood), and 
 other opera libretti ; also many lyrics, set by 
 himself and other composers. His compos- 
 itions comprise twelve trios for ladies' voices ; 
 twelve two-part songs ; Beautiful Snow, and 
 other Services of Song ; Stars of the Summer 
 Night (with 'cello obligato) ; Sweetheart, come 
 back, and many other songs. Six anthems. 
 Matin Chimes, a collection of easy voluntaries 
 for organ or harmonium, composed and 
 arranged, 11 books ; Fireside Fancies, pf. 
 pieces for little players, etc. 
 
 Dunne, John, composer and organist, 
 born at York in 1834. In 1850 he became a 
 chorister in Worcester Cathedral, and in 1854 
 chorister in Cashel Cathedral, Ireland. He 
 was a member of Christ Church, St. Patrick's 
 Cathedral and Trinity College choirs, Dublin. 
 In 1866 he graduated Mus. Bac, and in 1870, 
 Mus. Doc, Dublin. He was an examiner to 
 the Government Intermediate Educational 
 Board of Ireland. He died at Ashton, Kill- 
 iney, near Dublin, June 7, 1883. Composer 
 of " Myra," and " The Hanging of the Crane" 
 (Longfellow), cantatas; Church services, an- 
 thems, glees, songs, etc. 
 
 Dunstable, John, composer and mathe- 
 matician, was born at Dunstable in Bedford- 
 shire, early in the 15th century. Author of 
 " De Mensurabilis Llusice," a work quoted by 
 Ravenscroft and others. Little is known of 
 his biography, but he died in 1453. 
 
 He was erroneously attributed with the in- 
 vention of counterpoint by Tinctor, bub is 
 generally held up by succeeding musicians as 
 a composer of much ability and a musician of 
 universal influence. 
 
 Dunstan, Ralph, organist, writer, and 
 teacher, born at Carnon Downs, near Truro, 
 in 1857. In music chiefly self-taught. Pupil 
 teacher at St. ]\Iary's Wesleyan Day School, 
 Truro, 1871-6. In 1877, entered Westminster 
 Training College, as a Queen's Scholar, and 
 received his first regular instruction in music 
 from Mr. James Thomson, then music master 
 there. In 1880 he was appointed organist at 
 the College Chapel, and in 1882, music master. 
 That year he graduated Mus. Bac, and in 
 1892, Mus. Doc, Cambridge. He is also a 
 graduate and member of the Council of the 
 
 DYCE. 
 
 Tonic Sol-fa College. Since 1885 he has been 
 music master at the Southlands Training 
 College for Schoohnistresses ; and from 1893, 
 head of the music department at the Battersea 
 Polytechnic Institution. Besides his degree 
 exercises, Ps. 146, and "The Wreck of the 
 Hesperus," cantata, he has composed services, 
 anthems, hymn-tunes; a school cantata, "The 
 Jester," school songs, etc. He is author of 
 "The Teachers' IManual of Music," 1886, four- 
 teen editions ; " Basses and IMelodies " (Nov- 
 ello's primers), 1894, two editions ; " First 
 steps in harmony, and the harmonizing of 
 melodies," London, Curwen, 1895. 
 
 Dupuis, Thomas Sanders, composer and 
 organist, born at London, November 5, 1730. 
 Son of John Dupuis, who was descended from 
 a family of Huguenot refugees. Member of 
 the Chapel Royal. He studied under Gates, 
 and Travers, and became organist of Chapel 
 Royal, in 1789. Organist of Charlotte Street- 
 Chapel, near Buckingham Palace, in 1778. 
 Mus. Bac. and Doc, Oxon., 1790. He died at 
 London, July 17, 1796. 
 
 WoEKS. — Cathedral music, in score, com- 
 posed for the use of His Majesty's Royal 
 Chapel, by the late T. S. Dupuis, selected 
 from the original manuscripts, and carefully 
 revised, by John Spencer, London, n.d., 3 
 vols. Twenty-four double and single chants 
 [1780] . Sixteen double and single chants, as 
 performed at the Chapel Royal. Second set 
 of Chants [1784] . Twenty-four double and 
 single Chants . . . [1791]. Five Concertos for 
 organ, with accompaniments [1768]. Con- 
 certos, sonatas and lessons for pf. Songs, 
 six glees [1785] , etc 
 
 D'Urfey, Thomas, minor poet, play- 
 wright, and musician, was born at Exeter, of 
 French parents, in 1649. He lived in London 
 as a writer for the playhouses and the court, 
 and died there on February 26, 1723. He 
 edited " Wit and mirth, or pills to purge 
 melancholy, being a collection of the best 
 merry ballads and songs, old and new, fitted 
 to all humours, having each their proper tune 
 for either voice or instrument.". .London, 
 1719-20, 6 vols., and also other editions and 
 reprints. " Musa et musica, or humour and 
 musick, being an extraordinary collection of 
 pleasant and merry humours, with Scotch 
 and love songs," London, n.d. IMany of the 
 songs in " Wit and Mirth" were set to music 
 by Purcell and other musicians of distinction. 
 
 Dussek, Olivia, see Buckley, Mrs. 
 
 Dyce, William, artist and musician, born 
 at Aberdeen, in 1806, died at Streathain, 
 London, February 14, 1864. The celebrated 
 painter and Royal Academician, who did so 
 much for art education in Britain. He was 
 a cultured musician, and was one of the 
 founders of the old Motett Society, for which 
 he edited in 1844 the Book of Common Prayer, 
 
BPJTISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 133 
 
 DYER. 
 
 with the ancient Canto Fermo set to it at the 
 Reformation period, with an essay on that 
 class of music." Also editor of The Order of 
 daily service, the Litany and order of the 
 administration of the Holy Communion, with 
 plain tune; according to the use of the United 
 Church of England and Ireland, London, 
 1843 ; and author of Articles on IMusic in the 
 " Encyclopaedia Britanuica," etc. He was an 
 accomplished organist, and composed various 
 pieces of music possessing merit 
 
 Dyer, Arthur Edwin, composer, organist 
 and pianist, born at Frome, February 20, 1843. 
 Musical training, private. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac, 1873; Mus. Doc, 1880, Oxford. F.R. 
 CO. Organist of the Parish Church, Weston- 
 super-Mare, 1865-75, and from that date has 
 held the office of organist and director of the 
 music at Cheltenham College. He was also, 
 for some time. Conductor of the Cheltenham 
 Musical Society. His compositions are : 
 Sacred Cantata, " Salvator Mundi " (Degree 
 Ex.; Mus. Doc, 1880) ; Cmtata, "Harold," 
 produced at Cheltenham, 1882 ; Music to 
 Sophocles' " Electra," produced at Chelten- 
 ham College, June 28, 1888, and two following 
 days. " I wish to tune my quivering lyre," 
 chorus (Gloucester Festival, 1883) ; Psalm 97, 
 for soli, chorus, and orchestra ; Anthem, 
 " Except the Lord build the house," composed 
 for the College Jubilee, 1891 ; An Evening 
 Service ; Songs, etc. Also an Opera, " The 
 Lady of Bayonne," produced, Cheltenham, 
 February, 1897. His brother, William Chin- 
 nock Dyer, organist of St. Peter'-;, Norbiton, 
 and Conductor of the Norbiton Choral Society, 
 is the inventor of a patented attachment of 
 pedals to the pianoforte. 
 
 Dyer. William Fear, organist and com- 
 poser, not related to the foregoing. Has for 
 some years held an appointment at St. 
 Nicholas' Church, Bristol, and also that of 
 conductor at the festivals of the Bristol Church 
 Choral Union. He is the composer of a Can- 
 tata, '■ The Second Advent of the Redeemer," 
 performed at St. Nicholas Church, December 
 22, 1889, and several anthems. 
 
 Dygon, John, composer of the 15th cen- 
 tury, who was supposed to be prior of the 
 convent of S. Augustine, Canterbury in 197. 
 He died in 1509. There is much doubt as 
 regards ihe identity of this musician, the 
 authority hitherto follovved having been Haw- 
 kins, who published a three-part motet by 
 Dygon, entitled •' Ad lapidis positionem " in 
 his " History of Music." A John Dygon 
 graduated as bachelor of music at Oxford, in 
 1512 He was a Benedictine monk, but it is 
 doubtful if he is the same as the Dygon men- 
 tioned by Hawkins. 
 
 Dykes, Rev. John Bacchus, composer 
 and clergyman, was born at Kingston-upon- 
 Hull, March 10, 1823. He was a sou of 
 
 EAGER. 
 
 William Hey Dykes, bank-manager at Hull. 
 He was educated at a proprietary school at 
 Wakefield, and entered St. Catherine's Hall, 
 Cambridge, in 1843. While there he was a 
 leading member of the University Musical 
 Society. He had previously studied music 
 under Skelton, the organist of St. John's 
 Church, Hull, which had been built by his 
 grandfather, the Rev. Thomas Dykes, LL.B. 
 Afterwards, he studied music under Dr. 
 Walmisley. In 1847, he graduated B.A. ab 
 Cambridge, and in the same year he was 
 appointed curate at Malton, Yorkshire. He 
 became minor canon and precentor of Durham 
 Cathedral, 1849. In 1850 he married Susan, 
 daughter of George Kingston, of Malton, 
 M.A., Cantab., 1851. Mus. Doc, Durham, 
 1861. Vicar of St. Oswald, Durham, 1862. 
 He died at St. Leouards-on-Sea, January 22. 
 1876. 
 
 Works. — Service in F ; The Lord is my 
 Shepherd, 23rd Psalm ; These are they which 
 came out of great tribulation, anthem. Part- 
 songs. Psalms and hymns : Alford, St. Cross, 
 Melita, Vox Dilecti, Horbury, HoUingside, 
 St. Cuthbert, Dies Ira^, Lux Benigna,, Nicaja, 
 St. Agnes, Durham, and a variety of others. 
 He also published Eucharistic truth and ritual, 
 a letter . . . London, 1874, and various ser- 
 mons, etc. 
 
 The hymns of Dykes are among the finest 
 examples of modern times. ]\Ielody and har- 
 mony are beautifully and agreeably combined 
 in all. They are so well known, that little need 
 be said beyond that their place in our col- 
 lections will always be assured. His services 
 and anthems are occasionally used, but their 
 merits are not by any means so high as the 
 genuine beauty of his hymns would lead us 
 to expect. His son, John St. Oswald Dykes, 
 is a composer and pianist. 
 
 Dyne, John, composer and alto vocalist 
 of the 18th century. He was a gentleman of 
 the Chapel Royal in 1772 ; a Lay-Vicar of 
 Westminster Abbey in 1779 ; and Principal 
 at the Handel Commemoration in 1784. He 
 committed suicide on October 30, 1788. He 
 composed prize and other glees, songs, etc. 
 
 Eady, W. H., musician. Author of an 
 " Introduction to the theory of Music," Lon- 
 don [1878] . Composer of pf. music, etc. 
 
 Eager, John, composer, organist, violinist, 
 etc., was born at Norwich, August 15, 1782. 
 He removed with his parents to Yarmouth 
 early in life, and in 1794 was noticed by the 
 Duke of Dorset, who took him to Knowle, 
 where he remained for some time. In 1800 
 he married Miss Barnby, of Yarmouth, and 
 in 1803 he became town organist of Y^armouth, 
 and organist of St. George's Chapel. He dir- 
 ected many concert enterprises in Y^armouth. 
 About 1836 he settled in Edinburgh, and acted 
 
134 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 EARNSHAW. 
 
 for a time as teacher to the royal children at 
 Balmoral, He was a violinist at the principal 
 Edinburgh and Glasgow concerts, and is re- 
 membered as an enthusiastic advocate and 
 teacher of Logier's system. He died at Edin- 
 burgh, June 1, 1853. He had two daughters, 
 one of whom married Joseph Lowe (q-v.), the 
 reel composer, and another Mr. Bridgman, a 
 pianist, father of F. W. Bridgman (q.v.) Eager 
 wrote a tract, entitled " A brief account, with 
 accompanying examples of what was actually 
 done at the second examination of Mv. Eager's 
 pupils in music, educated upon Mr. Logier's 
 sj'stem." London, 1819. 
 
 Earnshaw, Robert Henry, organist and 
 composer, born at Todmorden, Lancashire, 
 September 17, 1856. Musically educated in 
 London under various masters, returning to 
 Lancashire in 1880. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1892, Mus. Doc, 1893, Dublin. Organist and 
 choirmaster, Parish Charch, Morecambe, 
 1882-5 ; St. Phihp's, Southport, 1890-1 ; 
 Christ Church, Preston, 1891, in which town 
 he occupies a high position as an earnest 
 worker for music. His compositions include 
 "The Wreck of the Hesperus" (University 
 Exercise), and a cantata, " Hail to the 
 Lord's Anointed," for soli, eight-part chorus 
 and orchestra (Exercise for ]\Ius. Doc.) He 
 has published anthems, part-songs, songs, 
 and pf. pieces, some of which have attained 
 considerable popularity. 
 
 Earsden, John, composer of end of 16th 
 and beginning of the 17th centuries. He 
 composed songs, etc., and is mentioned in 
 Hawkins' History. 
 
 Eastcott, Richard, writer and musician, 
 born at Exeter in 1740. Chaplain of Livery 
 Dale, Devon. He died in 1828. 
 
 Works. — Sketches of the origin, progress, 
 and effects of musick, with an account of the 
 ancient bards and minstrels, illustrated with 
 various historical facts, anecdotes, etc., Bath, 
 1793 (2 editions). The harmony of the Muses 
 (songs), n.d. Six sonatas for pf., etc. 
 
 Eastlake, Lady, English writer, born 
 1816, died 1852, authoress of " Music and the 
 Art of Dress," London, 1852. Wife of Sir 
 Charles Eastlake the painter. 
 
 Eaton, Thomas Damant, writer and 
 musician, at one time President of the Nor- 
 wich Choral Society. He wrote Critical 
 Notices of Bexfield's " Israel restored," and 
 Pierson's "Jerusalem" (reprinted from the 
 Norfolk News), Norwich, 1852. Musical 
 Criticism and Biography from the published 
 and unpublished writings of T. D. Eaton, 
 edited by his son, London, 1872. 
 
 Eavestaff, William, writer and piano- 
 forte-maker. Author of " Instructions for the 
 Pianoforte," London, 1830. A selection of 
 French Melodies, with symphonies and ac- 
 companiments, the words by W. H. Bellamy, 
 
 ECCLES. 
 
 six books, 1825-6. 
 
 Eayres, William Henry, violinist, born 
 in Marylebone, London, 1846. As a child, he 
 studied the violin under Henry Blagrove, and 
 subsequently under Sainton and Henri Wieni- 
 awski, his pupilage with the latter ripening 
 into close intimacy and friendship. He has 
 also made a study of the pf. and organ, and 
 for about four years was organist of Limerick 
 Cathedral. He heads the second violins in 
 the 1 rchestras of the Piiilharmonic Society, 
 the Leeds and Three Choirs Festivals ; was 
 principal violin, with T. Carringion, Bristol 
 Festival, 1896 ; and holds important positions 
 in London. Of his compositions, the music 
 to Richard Davey's classical comedy, " Les- 
 bia," was performed at the I-yceum Theatre, 
 in September, 1888. He also wrote the music 
 of one act of " Babil and Bijou," and has 
 composed various anthems. Church services, 
 and songs — Beguiling eyes. Our sister May, 
 Ever thine. The chapel by the sea, etc. An 
 overture, two string quartets, pieces for violin, 
 pf , etc. 
 
 Ebdon, Thomas, composer and organist, 
 born at Durham, 1738. He was trained in 
 Durhanr Cathedral, as a chorister, and acted 
 as organist in it from 1763 till 1811. He died 
 at Durham, September 23, 1811. 
 
 Works. — Sacred music, composed for the 
 use of the choir of Durham, 1780, two vols. 
 Anthems. Collection of six glees. Op. 3, 1780. 
 Songs. Two sonatas for the harpsichord, 
 1780. 
 
 Ebers. John, impresario and theatre 
 manager, born at London, in 1785, of German 
 parentage. He managed King's Theatre, 
 from 1821-28. Was ruined, and relinquished 
 direction, 1828. He wrote " Seven Years at 
 the King's Theatre," London, 1828. The date 
 of his death is unknown. 
 
 Ebsworth, Joseph, musician and dra- 
 matist, born at Islington, London, October 
 10, 1788. Afier livii'g for a time in Cornwall 
 and London, he settled in Edinburgh, in 1826, 
 and became a teacher of music there, and 
 precentor of St. Stephen's Church. He wrote 
 and translated a number of dramas, and was 
 for fifteen years a bookseller. Besides being 
 leader of psalmody of St. Stephen's, he was 
 teacher of music in many of the principal 
 schools and colleges in Edinburgh. Died at 
 Edinburgh, June 22, 1868. He published two 
 collections of psalm and hymn tunes, 1834 
 and [1845], and issued a General index to first 
 hundred volumes of the music in library of 
 the Edinburgh Harmonists' Society . . . 
 Edinburgh, 1844. Short introduction to Vocal 
 Music, adapted either for private tuition 
 or class singing, Edinburgh, n.d. Songs, 
 hymns, and other compositions. 
 
 Eccles, Henry, violinist and composer, 
 son of Solomon Eccles, was horn at the end of 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 135 
 
 ECCLES. 
 
 the 17th century. Member of the King's Band, 
 1694 to 1710. He published in Paris " Twelve 
 excellent Solos for Violin," 1720. He was a 
 member of the King's Band in Paris, and died 
 about 1742. His brother Thomas was also a 
 violinist. 
 
 Eccles, John, coniposer and violinist, born 
 1668. Son of Solomon Eccles. He studied 
 under his father. Member of the Queen's 
 band of music, 1700. IMaster of Queen's 
 Band, 1704. He died at Kingston, Surrey, 
 January 12, 1735. 
 
 Works. — Acis and Galatea, masque, 1701 ; 
 Ode for S. Cecilia's Day (Congreve), 1701 ; 
 The Judgment of Paris i^Congreve), masque, 
 2nd prize in competition with Weldon, etc. ; 
 The Mad Lover, 1701 ; The City Lady ; The 
 Fair Penitent, 1703 ; Tlie Lancashire Witches, 
 1682 ; The Spanish Friar, 1681 ; Justice Busy, 
 1690 ; The Chances, 1682 ; The Way of the 
 World, 1700 ; The Provoked Wife, 1697 ; The 
 Richmond Heiress, 1693 ; Rinaldo and Armida 
 (Dennis), 1699 ; Don Quixote ; Love for Love, 
 1695. Collection of Songs for one, two, and 
 three voices, etc., London [1701]. Songs in 
 Pills to purge Melancholy, etc. Eccles was 
 one of the most popular composers of his day, 
 and some of his melodies are very fine, though 
 not now in vogue. 
 
 Eccles, Solomon, composer and violinist, 
 was born in London, 1618. Father of Henry 
 and John Eccles. He became a quaker in 
 1660, and was frequently arrested for disturb- 
 ing congregations at worship, and behaving 
 with much eccentricity in the name of religion. 
 He died at London, February 11, 1683. He 
 contributed to the " Division Violin," 1693, 
 and wrote a work entitled " A Musick-Lector, 
 or the Art of Musick . . discoursed of, by way 
 of dialogue, between three men of several 
 judgements : the one a musician . . the other a 
 Baptist, .the other a Quaker (so-called), being 
 formerly of that art, doth give his judgment 
 and sentence against it, but yet approves of 
 the musick that pleaseth God," London, 1667. 
 
 Edmonds, M., author of "Musical Cate- 
 chism adapted to the first class of performers 
 on the Pianoforte," Dublin, 1807. 
 
 Edwardes, Richard, poet and composer, 
 born in Somersetshire, 1523. Scholar of 
 Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Studied 
 music under George Etheridge. M.A., Oxon., 
 1547. IMaster of Children, Chapel Royal, and 
 Gentleman, do. Member of Lincoln's Inn. 
 He died on October 31, 1566. 
 
 Works. — The Paradise of Dainty deuises. 
 The Soul's Knell; poem. Damon and Pythias, 
 comedy. Palemon and Arcite, comedy. "In 
 going to my naked bed," madrigal. Many 
 poems, tracts, etc. 
 
 Edwardes is not known now save by his 
 lovely madrigal, "Iti going to my naked bed," 
 which is one of the finest examples of this 
 
 EDWARDS. 
 
 species of composition extant. The titles of 
 his other poems are set out at length in Rit- 
 son's and Hazlitt's works on Early English 
 Poetry. 
 
 Edwards, C. A., author of " Organs and 
 organ building, a treatise on the history and 
 construction of the Organ, from its origin to 
 the present day." . . London, 1881. 
 
 Edwards, Frederick George, organist 
 and writer on music, born in Loudon, 
 October 11, 1853. Studied at R.A.M. Elected 
 A.R.A.M., 1896. Organist of Surrey Chapel, 
 Blackfriars Road, 1873; Christ Church, West- 
 minster Road, 1876 ; and of St. John's Wood 
 Presbyterian Church since 1881. Conductor 
 of Lavender Hill Choral Society, 1883. Com- 
 poser of anthems and pieces for pf. Author of 
 " United Praise : a practical handbook of 
 Nonconformist Church Music," 1887 ; Ro- 
 mance of Psalter and Hymnal " (jointly with 
 Rev. R. E. Welsh, M.A.), 1889 ; " The Musical 
 Haunts of Loudon," J. Curwen and Sons, 
 1895 ; " History of Meudelsson's ' Elijah,' " 
 Novello, 1896. Contributor to the Musical 
 Times and other papers. 
 
 Edwards, Henry John, organist, pianist, 
 and composer, born at Barnstaple, Devon, 
 February 24, 1854. Studied at first under his 
 father (noticed below), and later in London, 
 under Sterndale Bennett, G. A. INIacfarren, 
 H. C. Banister, and George Cooper. Gradu- 
 ated Mus.Bac, 1876; Mus. Doc, 1885, Oxford. 
 Returning to BarnstajDle, he succeeded his 
 father as organist of the parish church, and, 
 in 1886, as conductor of the Easter Musical 
 Festival Society. In 1896, he was appointed 
 conductor of the Exeter Oratorio Society. As 
 a pianist he has appeared at the most im- 
 portant concerts in his county. 
 
 Wt)RKs.— Psalm 145 (Exercise for Mus. 
 Bac), produced in Barnstaple; Oratorio, The 
 Ascension (Exercise for Mus. Doc), performed 
 at the Western Counties' Festival, Exeter, 
 April 12, 1888 ; Motet, Praise to the Holiest 
 (from Cardinal Newman's Dream of Geron- 
 tius), produced at the Hereford Festival, 
 1891 ; Cantata, the Epiphany, Barnstaple, 
 1891. Two oratorios in MS. Church service ; 
 Anthems ; Songs ; Devonia, The Vigil, The 
 beautiful City, and others; Part-songs, etc. 
 Triumphal March, orchestra and military 
 band, performed at the promenade concerts, 
 Covent Garden, 1883 ; pieces for pf., etc. 
 
 His father, John Edwards, was born at 
 Crediton, Devon, in 1808. Studied under 
 Moxen, of Exeter, and about 1833 removed 
 to Barnstaple. He was connected with the 
 parish church for half a century, first as as- 
 sistant to Huxtable the organist, then as 
 organist and choirmaster ; the latter office 
 being held until about 1886. He founded the 
 Choral Society, first known as the Barnstaple 
 Philharmonic Society, and still in existence 
 
136 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 EDWARDS. 
 
 under the title in the preceding notice. He 
 was also a violinist, and for years was the 
 leading professor of music in the district. 
 His compositions were mostly for the Church, 
 consisting of services, anthems, hymn-tunes, 
 and chants. He died at Barnstaple, in April, 
 1894. 
 
 Edwards, Henry Sutherland, author, 
 born at Hendon, September 5, 1829. Author 
 of " History of the Opera in Italy, France, 
 Germany, Russia, and England, from Monte- 
 verde to Verdi," . . . London, 1862, two vols. 
 Life of Rossini, London, 1869. The life and 
 artistic career of Sims Reeves, London, Tins- 
 ley, n.d. Rossini (great musicians series), 
 London, 1881. The Lyric Drama, essays on 
 subjects, composers, and executants of modern 
 Opera, London, 1881, two vols. The Faust 
 Legend, Remington, 1886; Famous first re- 
 presentations. Chapman and Hall, 1886 ; The 
 Prima Donna, her history and surroundings, 
 from the 17th to the 19th century, two vols., 
 Remington, 1888. Mr. Edwards has written 
 a large number of works about Russia, Poland, 
 etc., as well as opera libretti, novels, etc. 
 
 Edwards, Rev. John David, clergyman 
 and composer, born in 1806. He was vicar of 
 Rosymedre, Ruabon. He died at Llanddoget 
 Rectory, Denbighshire, November 24, 1885, 
 aged 79. 
 
 Edwards, Julian, composer and con- 
 ductor, born 1858. First came into notice 
 through an overture, " Corinne," produced at 
 Mr. Cowen's Concerts in St. James's Hall, 
 November 13, 1880. For some years after- 
 wards, he was engaged as conductor for the 
 Royal English Opera Company, at Covent 
 Garden, 1884, and also in the provinces. He 
 is now resident in America. His compositions 
 include the operas, "Corinne," "Victorian," 
 produced at Sheffield, 1883; "Brian Boru," 
 Broadway Theatre, New York, 1896 ; a cantata 
 for female voices, " De Montford's Daughter ;" 
 a sonata for pf., etc. 
 
 Edwards, Robert James, organist at 
 Banbury, Oxfordshire, in 1825. Published 
 " Sacred music, being a large and valuable 
 selection of the best Psalm tunes, both ancient 
 and modern, arranged for four voices, or a 
 single voice, with an accompaniment for the 
 organ or pianoforte," London, Preston, 1825. 
 
 Edwin, John, singer and actor, born in 
 London, August 10, 1749. He is mentioned 
 by O'Keefe, and appeared in various musical 
 pieces during the latter half of last century. 
 Died in London, October 31, 1790. His son 
 John was married to Elizabeth Rebecca 
 Richards, who was an actress and vocalist. 
 
 Egan, Charles, Irish writer and harpist, 
 author of a " Harp Primer, being a familiar 
 introduction to the Study of the Harp," Lon- 
 don, 1822, also, 1829. The Royal Harp 
 Director. .London, 1827. 
 
 ELGAR. 
 
 Egan, F., Irish flute player. Author of 
 " The single and double Flageolet preceptor. . 
 Dublin [1810] , and arranger of numerous 
 airs, etc., for flageolet or flute. 
 
 Egerton, Hon. John Gray Seymour, 
 son of the second Earl of Wilton (q.v.), ama- 
 teur violinist and composer. He has written 
 some good part-songs : Adieu to the Woods ; 
 King Winter ; Spring's approach ; The Rose 
 and the Soul, etc. Also songs, and a cantata. 
 Eglinton, Hugh Montgomerie, Twelfth 
 Earl of, composer, was born on November 
 29, 1739. He entered the army and became 
 a colonel, and after his succession to the title, 
 distinguished himself by initiating many 
 public improvements in Ayrshire. He died 
 on December 15, 1819. He was a patron of 
 music, and composed "New Strathspey Reels, 
 composed by a gentleman, and given with 
 permission to be published by Nathl. Gow," 
 Edinburgh, 1796. 
 
 Egville, John Herve d', bass vocalist, 
 born at Worcester, 1857. Studied at R.A.M. ; 
 Parepa-Rosa prizeholder, 1879. Joined the 
 Carl Rosa Company in 1881 ; and some years 
 later toured with D'Oyly Carte Company in a 
 round of the Gilbert-Sullivan operas. Well 
 known also as a concert singer of repute. 
 
 Ehrenberg, Alexandra, see Warwick, 
 
 GlULIA. 
 
 Elford, Richard, alto vocalist, was born 
 about the middle of the 17th century. He 
 was a counter-tenor in Lincoln and Durham 
 Cathedrals. He afterwards sang on the stage 
 in London ; and became a Gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal in 1702, and Lay-vicar of St. 
 Paul's Cathedral, and Westminster. He died 
 October 29, 1714. It was for him Croft is 
 supposed to have written florid solos in his 
 anthems. 
 
 Elgar, Edward William, composer, born 
 at Broadheath, near Worcester, June 2, 1857. 
 Son of W. H. Elgar, organist, of Worcester. 
 Studied the violin under Adolphe Pollitzer, 
 and was well-known as soloist and orchestral 
 leader in Worcester and district ; was also for 
 a time a member of Mr. Stockley's orchestra, 
 Birmingham, and of the North Staffordshire 
 Festival orchestra. Conductor of the Wor- 
 cester Instrumental Society, 1882 ; and or- 
 ganist of St. George's (Roman Catholic) 
 Church, 1885, succeeding his father who had 
 held the post for 37 years. Both these posi- 
 tions he gave up in 1889, when he removed to 
 London. Ill-health compelled him to leave 
 London in 1891, since which time he has 
 resided at Malvern, devoting himself exclu- 
 sively to composition. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, The Light of Life (Lux 
 Christi, book by Rev. E. Capel-Cure, produced 
 at the Worcester Festival, September 7, 1896). 
 Cantatas : The Black Knight (Worcester, 
 1898), and Scenes from the Saga of King Olaf 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 137 
 
 ELLA. 
 
 (North Stafiordsliire Festival, October, 1896) ; 
 Choral Suite : Six scenes from the Bavarian 
 Highlands, chorus and orchestra (Worcester, 
 April, 1896) ; Spanish serenade, chorus and 
 orchestra. Four Litanies, and other Catholic 
 Church Music. Part-Songs : My love dwelt 
 in a northern land, etc. ; The snow ; Fly, 
 singing bird (for ladies' voices, with accom- 
 paniment for pf. and two violins). Songs: 
 Like to the damask rose ; The wind at dawn ; 
 The Poet's life, and others. Orchestral : Con- 
 cert overture, Froissart (composed for the 
 Worcester Festival, 1890) ; Sevillana ; Liebes- 
 gruss ; Serenade (strings only), and other 
 pieces. Romance, violin and orchestra ; pieces 
 for \'iolin and pf. ; Etudes caracteristiques, 
 violin solo. Sonata, for organ, composed for 
 the visit of the American Musicians to Wor- 
 cester, July, 1895. and played by Mr. Hugh 
 Blair in Worcester Cathedral on that occasion. 
 Cantatas and other works in MS. 
 
 Ella, John, violinist, critic, and lecturer, 
 born at Thirsk, Yorks., December 19, 1802. 
 He studied for the law, but became a violinist 
 in the King's theatre in 1822 ; Concert of 
 Ancient ]\Iusic ; Philharmonic Concerts, etc. 
 He studied music under Attwood and F^tis, 
 1826-29. Established the "Musical Union," 
 1845-80. Established " Musical Winter Eve- 
 nings," 1845-80. Lecturer on Music at London 
 Institution, 1855. He died at London, Oct- 
 ober 2, 1888. 
 
 Works. — Lectures on Dramatic Music and 
 Musical Education abroad and at home, 1872. 
 Musical sketches abroad and at home, 1861 
 (3 editions), 1869-78. Records of the Musical 
 Union, 1845-78 (analytical programmes, notes, 
 biographies). Personal memoir of IMeyerbeer, 
 with an analysis of Les Huguenots, London, 
 1868. French Song and traditional Melody, 
 Anglicp, The Harmonious Blacksmith, Lon- 
 don, 18G5 ; etc. 
 
 EUerton, John Lodge, amateur composer 
 and poet, born at Chester (?), January 11, 
 1801. Son of Adam Lodge, of Liverpool. He 
 assumed the name of Ellerton about 1845. 
 Educated at Rugbv School, and at Oxford, 
 graduating B.A., 1821, and M.A., 1828. In 
 this last year was published a song, " And will 
 thy spirit view," which was very favourably 
 reviewed in the Harrnonicon. He had begun 
 his musical studies early, and after leaving 
 Oxford he went to Rome and studied under 
 Pietro Terziani, maestro di capella at the 
 Church of San Giovanni Laterano. While 
 there he is said to have composed seven Italian 
 operas. He resided a good deal in German}', 
 his symphonies having been composed at Wies- 
 baden, and other places. When in London he 
 had quartet meetings at his house with the 
 best artists. He died in London, Januarv 3, 
 1873. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio : Paradise Lost, published 
 
 ELLICOTT. 
 
 1857 ; Stabat Mater, female voices and or- 
 chestra, op. 1.30 ; Mass in C, op. 53 (1843) ; in 
 B flat, op. 106 ; in D, for two tenors and a 
 bass, op. 103 ; Motets and anthems. Operas : 
 Issiple ; Berenice in Armenio ; Annibale in 
 Capua ; II Sacrifizio di Epito ; Andromacca ; 
 II Carnovale di Venezia ; II Marito a Vista 
 (Italian) ; Carl Rosa ; Lucinda (German) ; 
 Dominica, produced Drury Lane, June 7, 
 1838 ; The Bridal of Triermain (English). 
 Nineteen Italian duets, with orchestra ; duets, 
 songs, etc. Symphony, No. 1, in P, op. 65, 
 performed in London, Dece:nber 11, 1849 ; 
 No. 2, in D, op. 66, composed 1845, performed 
 London, 1847 ; No. 3, in D minor (Wald Sym- 
 phonie), op. 120, published; No. 4, in E flat, 
 op. 126; No. 5, in C, op. 123; No. 6, in E 
 minor, op. 127, the last two composed in 
 1858. Overtures, La Tarantella, and others ; 
 one performed in London, 1831. Three string 
 quintets. Forty-four string quartets, op. 60, 
 62, 70, 76, 101, 102, 124, etc. Three string 
 trios ; eight trios, pf. and strings, etc. Thir- 
 teen sonatas, etc. Manv glees, including Catch 
 Club prizes, 1836, and 1838. Bridal of Salerno, 
 a romance in 6 cantos, with other poems, 
 1845; The Elixir of Youth, a legend in four 
 parts, with other poems and notes, 1864. 
 
 Ellicott, Rosalind Frances, composer 
 and pianist, born at Cambridge, November 14, 
 1857. Daughter of the Right Rev. Charles 
 John Ellicott, Bishop of Gloucester and Bris- 
 tol. IMrs. Ellicott, her mother, is an accom- 
 plished musician and vocalist, for whom the 
 late Rev. Sir F. A. G. Ouseley wrote the part 
 of Hagar, in his oratorio so named. She 
 established the Handel Society, London, in 
 1882. Miss Ellicott began to compose when 
 only six years of age, having a natural gift for 
 harniony. When seventeen she entered the 
 R.A.M., and afterwards studied form and 
 orchestration for seven years with the late 
 Thomas Wingham. Her compositions are 
 numerous, and have secured her an honourable 
 place among women composers. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : Elysium (Gloucester 
 Festival, 1889) ; The birth of Song (the same, 
 1892); Radiant sister of the dawn (Cheltenham 
 Festival, 1887 ; Bristol and Gloucester, 1888); 
 Henry of Navarre (men's voices, prod. Queen's 
 College, Oxford, 1894) ; both for chorus and 
 orchestra. Part-song, Bring the bright gar- 
 lands, Bristol Madrigal Society, 1890, and 
 others ; Duets, songs — To the Immortals, 
 Gloucester Festival, 1883, etc. Dramatic 
 overture, Gloucester Festival, 1886, Crystal 
 Palace, 1891, etc. Concert overture. Spring, 
 St. James's Hall, 1886. Festival overture, 
 Cheltenham Festival, 1893. Fantasia in A 
 minor, pf. and orchestra, Gloucester Festival, 
 1895. Quartet in F ; Trios in G, and D minor, 
 pf . and strings ; and other smaller works. 
 A sonata for pf. and violoncello ; one for pf. 
 
138 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ELLIOTT. 
 
 and violin, with other works, remain in MS. 
 
 Elliott, Carlotta, soprano vocalist of the 
 present time. First came into notice at 
 Gaiaz's concerts, 1880-2. Sang at the Saturday 
 Popular Concerts, December, 1882 ; at the 
 Philharmonic concerts, 1885. Has given 
 vocal recitals, and appeared with success in 
 many provincial towns. 
 
 Elliott, J., author of "Philosophical 
 Observations on the Senses of Vision and 
 Hearing; and a Treatise on Harmonic Sounds," 
 London, 1780. 
 
 Elliott, James, composer and bass vocal- 
 ist, was born in 1783, and died at London in 
 1856. He was a singer of reputation, and was 
 one of the principals at the Birminghani 
 Festival of 1802, and, it is supposed, sang 
 some soprano solos at the Festival of 1799. 
 Writer of a large number of glees, some of 
 which obtained prizes. Among them may 
 be named: A choir of bright beauties; At her 
 fair hands ; The Bee, when varying fiow'rs ; 
 Chaunt we the requiem ; Come, my Celia ; 
 Go, lovely rose ; Invest my head with fragrant 
 roses ; Let those complain ; INIild is the air, etc. 
 
 Elliott, James William, organist and 
 composer, born at Warwick, February 13, 
 1833. Chorister in Leamington Parish 
 Church, 1816-48. Studied under G. A. Mac- 
 farren, etc. .Organist of Leamington Chapel, 
 1847-52. Private organist to the Earl of 
 Wilton, Heaton Hall, 1859-60; of Parish 
 Church, Banbury, 1860-62 ; St. Mary, Boltons, 
 London, 1862-64; All Saints', St. John's 
 Wood, 1864-74 ; and from 1874, organist and 
 choirmaster, St. Mark's, Hamilton Terrace, 
 London. Composer of two operettas: "Ro- 
 mance and Reality," produced at Charing 
 Cross Theatre, with F. Maccabe in the prin- 
 cipal part; and " Dan'I's Delight," German 
 Reed, Easter, 1893. Other works are : " Na- 
 tional Nursery Rhymes " (Novello, 1870, with 
 sixty-five illustrations, engraved by the 
 brothers Dalziel) ; " The Harmonium Treas- 
 ury," 2 vols, (arrangements) ; Six original 
 pieces for harmonium. " The Choral Service 
 Book," 1892 ; Hymn Tunes, with varied har- 
 monies, Phillips and Page, 1895 ; Anthems, 
 services, part-songs ; Song, Hybrias tlie 
 Cretan, etc., 
 
 Ellis, Alexander John, musician and 
 author, was born of parents named Sliarpe, 
 at Hoxton, London, June 14, 1814. He was 
 educated at Shrewsbury, Eton, and Trinity 
 College, Cambridge, and graduated B.A. in 
 1837. Afterwards, lie became a Fellow of the 
 Royal Society, in 1864, and a membe ■ of the 
 Council in 1880-81. He was also president of 
 the Philological Society, and member of many 
 learned societies. He died at Kensington, 
 London, October 28, 1890. 
 
 To the proceedings of the Royal Society he 
 contributed various papers on musical theory 
 
 ELVEY. 
 
 and its physical basis, and published " Pro- 
 nounciation for Singers, with esf)ecial refer- 
 ence to the English, German, Italian, and 
 Frencli languages, with exercises for teachers- 
 and for advanced students," Loudon, 1877. 
 " Speech in song," 1878 (music primer). He 
 also translated, with considerable additions, 
 Helmholtj.'s " Die Lelire von den Tonemp- 
 findungen als phjsiologische grundlage fur 
 die tlieorie der musik," as " On the sensations 
 of tone as a physiological basis for the theory 
 of music," London, 1875, and with appendix 
 and notes re-wriiteii, 1885. 
 
 Ellis, Rev. David Henry, composer and 
 writer on music. Graduated Mus. Bac.,1872 ; 
 LL.D., 1880; B.D., 1886, Trinity College, 
 Dublin. Minor Canon, Bangor Cathedral, 
 1872-6 ; Precentor, Sidney Cathedral, 1880-4; 
 Goulburn Cathedral, and examining Chaplain 
 to the Bishop of Goulburn, 1885-9; vicar of 
 St. Botolpli, Lincoln, 1891. Compositions — 
 Psalm 104, soli and chorus ; Communion 
 service; Evening service ; Christmas anthems, 
 etc. Author of " Essay on Cathedrals and 
 Cathedral music." 
 
 Ellis, Henry Bramley, organist and con- 
 ductor, born at Newark, Notts, February 3, 
 1841. Studied under Dr. Dearie. F.U.C.O. 
 Organist successively at St. Andrew's, Hal- 
 stead, 1863 ; St. John's, Leicester, 1874 ; and 
 St. Mary's, Leicester, from 1878. Conductor 
 of Leicester Orchestral Society, Philharmonic 
 Society, etc. He has given a series of excel- 
 lent concerts, and introduced many important 
 works to the district. 
 
 Ellis, William, composer and organist 
 of 17th century. He was organist of Eton 
 College, and of St. John's College, Oxford. 
 On being expelled from St. John's at the 
 Rebellion, he established music meetings at 
 his house in Oxford, which were attended by 
 many of the most distinguislied musicians of 
 the time. At the Restoration it is believed 
 Ellis was reinstated as organist at St. John's. 
 In 1639, he graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, and 
 in 1674, he died thero. He composed rounds 
 and canons in Hilton's collection. 
 
 Elvey, Sir George Job, Kt., organist 
 and composer, born at Canterbury, March 27, 
 1816. Chorister, and pupil of Highmore 
 Skeats, af Canterbury Cathedral ; he also 
 studied under his brother. Stephen I'jlvey, 
 and later at R.A.M., nuder Cipriani Potter 
 and Dr Crotch. In 1835, he succeeded High- 
 more Skeats, the younger, as ory;anist and 
 master of the boys at St. George's Chapel, 
 Windsor, a post he held until 1882, when he 
 retired. During his long period of office he 
 had the arrangement of the music in connec- 
 tion with nrany important events in the Royal 
 Family— the marriage of the Prince of Wales, 
 in 1863 ; the Princess Louise, 1871, and of the 
 Duke of Albany, in 1882. He graduated 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 139 
 
 ELVEY. 
 
 Mus. Bac, 1838; Mus. Doc, 1840, Oxford. 
 In 1871, he received the honour of knighthood. 
 While at Windsor he was conductor of the 
 Glee and Madrigal Society, and of the W^indsor 
 and Eton Choral Society. As late as October 
 18, 1893, he conducted some of his composi- 
 tions at the annual concert of the St. George's 
 Chapel Choir. His death took place nt 
 Windlesham, Surrey, December 9, 1893. He 
 was four times married; his widow being a 
 sister of Sir Joseph Savory, ex-Lord Mayor of 
 London. In 1894, she published " Tiie Life 
 and Hemiuiscences of Sir George Elvey, Lon- 
 don, Sampson Low. 
 
 Works. — Jrntunos : The Resurrecnon and 
 Ascension (exercise for Mus. Bac), 1838, per- 
 formed by the Sacred Harmonic Socie y, 
 Exeter Hall, December 2, 1840; Mount Car- 
 mel. A birthday ode ; Victoria, an ode 
 composed for opening of Royal HoUoway 
 College, June 30, 1886, words by Martin Hol- 
 loway ; An ode to the north-east wind. A7i- 
 tliems : Bow down thine ear, Gresham prize, 
 1834 ; The ways of Ziou do mourn (exercise 
 for Mus. Doc), 1840 ; The Lord is King, com- 
 posed for Gloucester Festival, 1853 ; Sing, 
 Heavens, (for Worcester), 1857, and many 
 others. Morning and evening services ; Thirty 
 cathedral chants; Fifteen double chants. Tunes 
 contributed to Hymns ancient and modern, 
 and other collections. Glees and part-songs. 
 Festal March for orchestra, i omposed for th-- 
 marriage of Princess Louise ; Introduction and 
 gavotte, violin and pf.; Christmas Bells, im- 
 promptu for organ or pf., etc 
 
 Elvey, Stephen, composer and organist, 
 brother cf above, born at Canterbury, in June, 
 1805. He studied, at Canterbury Cathedral, 
 under Skeats, and became organist of New 
 College, Oxford, 1830. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1831. 
 Mus. Doc, Oxon., 18.38. Choragus at Oxford, 
 1848-60. He died at Oxford, October 6, 1860. 
 
 Works. — Services and Anthems. The 
 Psalter, or Canticles and Psalms, Pointed for 
 Chanting, upon a New Principle, London 
 (6 editions to 1866). Hymns, etc. 
 
 Emanuel, Louis Alexander, composer, 
 born at Plymouth, in 1819. Student and 
 Associate, R.A.M. In 1841 was appointed 
 bandmaster to the King's Royal Rifle Corps, 
 and saw active service in India. For many 
 years he has been choirmaster of the Bays- 
 water Synagogue, London. Among his com- 
 positions are : The part-song, " Gentle winds " ; 
 the duet, "The Syren and the Friar" ; and 
 the descriptive song, " The Desert," which is 
 still popular. 
 
 Emdin, John, amateur musician, was 
 born at Bristol in 1784, and died April 18, 
 1827. He composed the duets : Ever true ; 
 Hope, his Pilot shall be, etc. ; Dearest Ellen, 
 awake ; Lady, tho' thy golden hair ; and other 
 songs, and vocal music. 
 
 ESTE. 
 
 Emerson, William, mathematical writer, 
 author of, among other works, " Cyclomathesis, 
 or an easy introduction to the several branches 
 of the Mathematics," London, 14 vols., 1763- 
 70. [Vol. 13 contains " INIusic," etc] . 
 
 Eos Llechyd, sec Davies (Rev. Owen). 
 
 Eos Morlais, sre Rees (Robert). 
 
 Ennis, John Matthew, organist, pianist, 
 and composer, born at Dover, August 5, 1864. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1892; Mus. Doc, 1895, 
 London. Was organist and choirmaster of 
 St. Philip's, Clerkenwell, 1883-7; Holy Trinity, 
 Kniglitsbridge, 1887-93; and St. Mary, Brook- 
 field, London, 1893. Has given concerts in 
 Myddelton Hall, Islington, etc. His works 
 are : Psalm 46, for contralto solo, chorus, and 
 orchestra; JNIagnificat, for soli, chorus, strings, 
 and organ ; Songs : Beautiful maiden, etc. 
 
 Esmond, Wilfred, tenor vocalist and 
 comedian. Was for many years a member of 
 the Carl Rosa Opera Company, and also sang 
 in comic opera, " Les Cloches de Corneville," 
 etc. In 1890, he appeared as Thaddeus in the 
 " Bohemian Girl," at Capetown, South Africa. 
 In 1895, he acted as stage manager for the 
 operatic performance of the Guildhall School 
 Students at Drury Lane Theatre. 
 
 Essex, Edward Charles, composer ; of 
 the firm of Hodge and Elssex, instrument 
 dealers. He has composed an Oratorio, 
 " David," which was performed at Deal, in 
 December, 1893 ; A Trio, Ave Slaria ; Songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Essex, Timothy, composer and organist, 
 born at Coventry in 1764. He was a teacher 
 in Coventry, and afterwards organist and 
 choirmaster of St. George's Chapel, Albemarle 
 Street, London, near which he also had a 
 musical academy. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1806. 
 Mus. Doc, Oxon., 1812. He died at London, 
 September 27, 1847. Composed " Sonnets " 
 of various kinds, by various authors, and wrote 
 Rondos, six duets for 2 flutes, and miscellane- 
 ous pf. music 
 
 Essex, Countess of, see Stephens 
 (Catherine). 
 
 Este, Michael, composer, born in latter 
 part of the 16th century. Son of Thomas 
 Este. Mus. Bac, Camb., 1606. He was 
 master of the choristers of Lichfield Cathedral, 
 1618. Died about 1638. 
 
 Works. — First set of Madrigals, London, 
 1604 ; Second set, London, 1606; Third set oi 
 Bookes, wherein are Pastorals, Anthems, 
 Neai^olitanes, Fancies, and INIadrigals, to 5 and 
 6 parts, London, 1610; Set of Madrigals, 
 Anthems, etc., 1618; Anthems, 1624; Duos 
 and Fancies for Viols, 1638 ; Hence, Stars, 
 you dazzle, 5 part Madrigal in the "Triumphs 
 of Oriana," etc. 
 
 The name of this composer is variously spelt 
 Est, East, and Easte. He is only supposed 
 to be the son of Thomas Este. 
 
140 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ESTE. 
 
 Este, Thomas, publisher and rausician 
 during latter half of 16th and beginning of 
 the 17th centuries. He died about 1609. 
 He published all of the more important works 
 of his time, including among others "The 
 whole Booke of Psalmes ; with their wonted 
 tunes as they are sung in Churches, composed 
 into foure parts," London, 1592; Byrd's 
 Psalms; The Triumphs of Oriana; and music 
 by Campion, Dowland, Gibbons (Orlando), 
 Weelkes, Kirbye, Wilbye, Mundy, etc. 
 
 Estwick, Rev, Sampson, clergyman and 
 musician, born in 1657. One of children of 
 the Chapel Royal. He studied at Oxford, and 
 became Chaplain of Christ Church. Minor 
 Canon of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1692. Vicar of 
 St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, London, 1701. Do. 
 of St. Michael's, Queenhithe, 1712. He died 
 in February, 1739. 
 
 Works. — The usefulness of Church Music ; a 
 sermon preached at Christ Church, November 
 27, 1696, London, 1696. Odes, sermons, etc. 
 
 Etheridge, Qeorge, composer of the 16th 
 century, was born at Thame, Oxfordshire. 
 Wrote anthems, madrigals, and songs. 
 
 Euing, William, musician and collector, 
 was born at Partick, near Glasgow, May 20, 
 1 788. Educated at Glasgow Grammar School. 
 Was an underwriter and insurance broker. 
 He died at Glasgow, May 12, 1874. He founded, 
 in connection with Anderson's College, Glas- 
 gow, a music lectureship, by deed dated 1866, 
 and the lectures have been delivered since 
 1869. He left also his valuable musical library 
 to the same institution, together with £1,000 
 for its maintenance. This library has never 
 been jDerfectly accessible to students and the 
 public alike, by reason of some neglect in the 
 administration of the provisions of the be- 
 quest. The library is one of the most valuable 
 in Britain, and contains many rare and costly 
 books on musical theory and history, together 
 with valuable texts. The library of the late 
 Dr. Rimbault is included in this collection. 
 In 1876, a very poor catalogue of this library 
 was published, and in 1885, a notice of its 
 contents, by Jas. D. Brown, appeared anony- 
 mously in Mason's " Public and private Li- 
 braries of Glasgow." 
 
 Evans, Charles, composer and organist. 
 He was organist at Ludlow, Shropshire, early 
 in the present century. Composer of six son- 
 atas for pf. or harpsichord, op. 3, London 
 [1790] ; March, for a military band, op. 7 
 [1807] ; Epicedium on the death of Lord 
 Viscount Nelson [1806]. 
 
 Evans, Charles Smart, composer and 
 organist, born at London, in 1778. Chorister 
 at Chapel Royal, under Ayrton. Gentleman 
 of the Chapel Royal, 1808. Organist of St. 
 Paul's, Covent Garden. Gained prizes for 
 glees in 1817, 1818, and 1821. He died at 
 London, January 4, 1849. 
 
 EVANS. 
 
 Works.— Six Glees (Clementi), [1812] . Col- 
 lection of Glees, etc., London, 1825. Music 
 to Linley's Ode to the memory of Samuel 
 Webbe, 1817 (prize from Catch Club). Two 
 anthems, being the collects for the first Sunday 
 after Easter . . . [1830] . I will love Thee, 
 anthem, etc. 
 
 Evans, David Emiyn, composer, born 
 near Newcastle Emlyn, Cardiganshire, Sep- 
 tember 21, 1843. Is musically self-taught, 
 with the exception of a few pianoforte and 
 organ lessons, which he took while engaged 
 in business in Cheltenham. More than twenty 
 years of his life have been spent in commercial 
 pursuits, so that his musical activity has been 
 something extraordinary. From 1865 to 1867 
 he competed at the leading Eisteddfodau in 
 composition, the number of his prize works 
 being nearly seventy. After the Wrexham 
 Eisteddfod of 1876, when all the prizes (four) 
 in vocal compositions were awarded him, he 
 retired from, active competition ; he has since 
 acted, however, on many occasions, as adjudi- 
 cator. He has edited various musical Journals, 
 and is now joint-editor of Y Cerddor (The 
 Musician) ; also edited The Biography of 
 Welsh Musicians, for which a prize of £30 
 was awarded M. O. Jones (q.v.) at the London 
 National Eisteddfod (1887). Is author of a 
 Manual on Accompaniment, and a series of 
 pajDers on orchestration — the first ever pub- 
 lished in Wales ; and has contributed various 
 papers on musical subjects to the London 
 Cymmrodorion, and other Welsh literary 
 societies. 
 
 His published compositions include a sacred 
 cantata. The Christian's Prayer (produced, 
 Corwen, 1891) ; Songs of the Beatitudes, for 
 Sunday School Choirs ; a secular cantata, 
 The Fairy tribe ; twenty-six anthems and 
 sacred choruses ; thirty glees and part-songs ; 
 forty-eight hymn tunes ; thirty-six songs ; 
 and he has a large number of works in MS., 
 including a cantata, Merch y Llyn (The Maid 
 of the Lake). He has arranged a number of 
 old Welsh tunes, anthems, and airs, — amongst 
 the last, The melodies of Wales, specially 
 issued, and performed by a select choir before 
 the Queen, at Pal6, Merionethshire, during 
 Her Majesty's visit there (1889). Chief musi- 
 cal editor of the Psalmist, a selection of tunes 
 and hymns, chants and anthems, for the use 
 of the Welsh Congregationalists — a book since 
 merged in a much larger collection. The Con- 
 gregational Singer. Editor of a collection of 
 music for Sunday Schools ; and has arranged 
 for pf. 500 hitherto unpulilished Welsh airs, 
 Alawon Fy Ngwlad, 2 vols., Newtown, Phillips, 
 1896. Scored for full orchestra, the first 
 Welsh oratorio, The Sea of Tiberias (Rev. E. 
 Stephen,. q.i\). 
 
 Evans, David Pughe, tenor vocalist and 
 song composer, born at Conwil-in-Elvet, Car- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 141 
 
 EVANS. 
 
 marthenshire, 1866. Played the violin, and 
 sang in a choir in his early days. Won an 
 open scholarship for singing at R.C.M., 1887, 
 studying under G. Henschel, and others. On 
 leaving, he joined the Rousbey Opera Com- 
 pany, and sang in several provincial towns, 
 but ill-health obliged him to quit the stage. 
 He afterwards resided in Swansea as a teacher, 
 and died there, February 3, 1897, of chest 
 disease. He composed songs, some of which 
 have been popular ; and won prizes at various 
 Eisteddfodau. 
 
 Evans, Edwin, organist and composer, 
 of the present time. Has given organ recitals 
 at the Bow and Bromley Institute, London, 
 1881-2 ; and conducted concerts at Richmond, 
 Surrey, 1884, etc. His compositions include 
 a symphony ; pianoforte concerto (performed 
 at the Promenade Concerts, November, 1882) ; 
 suite de ballet, orchestra (the same, October, 
 1888) ; sonata, pf . duet ; a series of pieces for 
 the organ, and some vocal music. 
 
 Evans, Evan, clergyman and musician, 
 born 20th April, 1795 ; died at Rhyl, January 
 21, 1855. He issued, among other works, 
 " Y Seraph, sef casgliad o donau crefyddol, 
 ar amrywiol fesurau " : Caerleon, 1838. A 
 collection of religious tunes : Chester, 1838. 
 Evans, Fanny, sec Frickenhaus, M.\dame 
 Evans, Hugh, Welsh musician, author 
 of a catechism of music entitled " Egwyd- 
 doriou peroriaeth, ar ddull holwyddoreg . . ." 
 Llanrwst [1825]. 
 
 Evans, Robert Harding, writer, author 
 of " An Essay on the Music of the Hebrews, 
 intended as a preliminary discourse to the 
 Hebrew ]\Ielodies of Braham and Nathan," 
 London, 1816. 
 
 Ewing, Alexander, amateur composer, 
 born at Aberdeen, January 3, 1830. Nephew 
 of Bishoj^ Ewing. He was educated at Maris- 
 chal College, Aberdeen. After being trained 
 for the law, he entered the army, in 1855, 
 and became a st if paymaster, with the 
 honorary rank of lieut-colonel. In 1867 he mar- 
 ried Juliana Horatia Gatty ("Aunt Judy"), 
 the authoress of many books for the young. 
 He died at Taunton, July 14, 1895. 
 
 He is chiefly known as composer of the 
 hymn-tune, " Ewing," usually sung to the 
 verses beginning "Jerusalem the Golden." 
 This has frequently been ascribed to his uncle, 
 Bishop Ewing. 
 
 Eyre, Alfred James, organist, born at 
 Lambeth, October 24, 1853. Studied at 
 R.A.M., under (Sir) G. A. Macfarren, F. West- 
 lake, and others ; and the organ with W. S. 
 Hoyte, and G. Cooper. Organist at St. 
 Peter's, Vauxhall, 1867-72, and again, 1874-81 ; 
 St. Ethelburga's, Bishopsgate Street, 1872-74 ; 
 and St. John Evangelist, Upper Norwood, 
 from 1881. In May, 1880, he was appointed 
 organist of the Crystal Palace, a position he 
 
 FANING. 
 
 held until ill-health compelled him to retire 
 in 1894. He has given recitals at the Bow 
 and Bromley Institute ; Birmingham Town 
 Hall (October, 1890), and elsewhere. In 1885, 
 he was elected a member of the R. A.]\L, and 
 is now a Fellow. His compositions include 
 Church Services (one written for the Salisbury 
 Diocesan Choral Association) ; Songs, part- 
 songs, and pieces for pf. In MS. he has a 
 setting of the 126ih Psalm ; a scena for so- 
 prano solo and orchestra ; String quartet ; 
 pf. trio, etc. He married Miss IMargaret 
 BucKNALL,an accomplished pianist, A.R.A.M. 
 Who has played at various concerts witli suc- 
 cess. 
 
 Facer, Thomas, organist and composer 
 of present time. Has held various organ 
 appointments in Birmingham, and is teacher 
 of singing at King Edward's Grammar Schools 
 in that city. Conductor of a Choral Union, 
 and gives concerts in the Birmingham Town 
 Hall. He has composed the Cantatas, Noel- 
 Tide, 1892; The Crusaders, 1893; Maid of 
 Lorn, produced at the Tonic Sol-fa Festival, 
 Crystal Palace, July 11, 1896; Part-songs, 
 school music, action songs, etc. 
 
 Fairbairn, James, writer, author of 
 " Elements of Music: Part I., Melody, con- 
 taining an explanation of the Simpler Prin- 
 ciples of the Science. Part II., Harmony, 
 with Appendix on the nature and causes of 
 sound, and the consonance and dissonance of 
 intervals, as arising from one system of 
 vibration," Edinburgh, 1832. 
 
 Fairfax, Robert, or Fayrfax, composer, 
 born at Bavford, Herts, in latter part of the 
 fifteenth centurv [1470] . Mus. Doc. , Cantab., 
 1501-2 ; Do., Oxford, 1511. About 1509 he 
 was appointed one of the Cxentlemen of the 
 King's Chapel. Organistof the Abbey Church 
 of St. Albans. He died at St. Albans in 1529- 
 30. He composed sacred and secular music, 
 but is chiefly known as the composer of a 
 volume of songs in two, three, and four parts, 
 now preserved in MS. in the British Museum. 
 Other compositions of the same master are 
 in the Music School of Oxford, at Cambridge, 
 Lambeth Palace, etc. 
 
 Faning, Eaton, composer and conductor, 
 born at Helston, Cornwall, May 20, 1850. 
 Received his first lessons from his parents, 
 and, in 1870, entered the R.A.M., studying 
 under Sterndale Bennett, C. Steggall, and 
 others. In 1873 he won the Mendelssohn 
 Scholarship, and in 1876 the Lucas medal for 
 composition. A.R.A.M., 1877; Professor, 
 1878 ; and later, a Fellow of the Institution. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1894. 
 Held various posts at the National Training 
 School, the Guildhall School of I\Iusic, and 
 R.C.M., until 1885, when he was offered, and 
 accepted, the position of Director of the 
 
142 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 FANNING. 
 
 Music at Harrow School, which he still holds. 
 His compositions include a Magnificat and 
 Nunc Dimittis, for voices and orchestra, per- 
 formed at the Festival of the Sons of the 
 Clergy, at St. Paul's Cathedral, 1878 ; An- 
 thems, part-songs ; Moonlight, Song of the 
 Vikings; Choral ballad, The, Miller's Wooing; 
 Chorus, Daybreak, with orchestra; Songs, etc. 
 Operettas: The Two Majors, R.A.M., 1877; 
 Mock Turtle, 1881 ; and The Head of the 
 Poll, German Reed, 1882. Dramatic Cantata, 
 Liberty, 1882; Cantata for female voices. 
 Buttercups and Daisies. Symphony in C 
 minor ; Overture, The Holiday, Promenade 
 Concerts, Covent Garden, 1882 ; Quartets ; 
 Allegro, pf. and clarinet ; Pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Fanning, Charles, Irish harp-player and 
 collector, born about 1736. Assisted Bunting 
 with his collections. Date of death unknown. 
 
 Farmer, Henry, violinist and composer, 
 born at Nottingham, .^lay 1.3, 1819, son of 
 John Farmer, a vocalist. Chiefly self-taught 
 in music, but had some lessons from J. Wade 
 Thirlwall. A concert-giver from 1841, he led 
 a busy life lo the last in his native town. 
 Was for many years leader of the Birmingham 
 Festival Choral Society's concerts and mem- 
 ber of the Festival orchestra in 1846 (but not 
 leader), and for some time after. Organist of 
 High Pavement Chapel, Nottingham, for over 
 40 years ; and conductor of the Nottingham 
 Sacred Harmonic Society up to 1880. An 
 active volunteer, he became Captain in the 
 Robin Hood Rifles. Engaged in a music 
 business for fifty years, he retired on a fortune 
 just two days before his death, which took 
 place June 25, 1891. His works comprised a 
 Mass in B flat, published in 1844 ; a violin 
 concerto, performed at Nottingham, Novem- 
 ber 25, 1841 ; other concertos and violin 
 pieces; Overture, "Calypso," Nottingham, 
 1845. Glees — Welcome joy and harmony, 
 prize, Nottingham, 1845; The Wine Cup, and 
 others. " Singing Quadrilles," and various 
 pf. pieces. New Violin School ; The Violin 
 Student ; New Violin Tutor ; Tutor for 
 American Organ and Harmonium ; various 
 arrangements, etc. His daughter, Emily 
 Bardsley Parmer (Mrs. Arthur W. Lam- 
 bert), is a composer, her works including a 
 quartet for pf. and strings ; an operetta for 
 children, " Nell," produced at Nottingham, 
 1893 ; pieces for harp and pf., songs, etc. 
 Other musical artists of the name were Anna 
 Maria Parmer, a vocalist, who died in Lon- 
 don, April 11, 1846; and her sister, Dinah 
 Farmer, a pianist of distinction (afterwards, 
 Mrs. De Lisle Allen), who died in London, 
 March 10, 1884. 
 
 Farmer, John, composer of the 16th 
 century, harmonized Este's Psalms, and 
 composed " Cantas, the first set of English 
 Madrigals to foure Voyces, newly composed 
 
 FARNIE. 
 
 by John Farmer, practitioner in the art of 
 musicque. Little Saint Helen's," 1599 ; "Fair 
 Nymphs," six-part Madrigal in "Triumphs of 
 Oriana;" Divers and Saundrie waies of two 
 parts in one, to the number of fortie upon one 
 playn-song," etc., London, 1591. His bio- 
 graphy is unknown. 
 
 Farmer, John, organist and composer, 
 born at Nottingham, August 16, 1836. Nep- 
 I'.ew of Henry Farmer. Studied at Leipzig 
 Conservatorium, and under Andreas Spiith, 
 at Coburg. Resident as music teacher for 
 some years at Zurich. In 1862 was appointed 
 music master at Harrow School, a position 
 he held until 1885, when he became organist 
 of Balliol College, Oxford. There he instituted 
 a IMusical Society, and has given much atten- 
 tion to concerts of an educational character. 
 His compositions include an oratorio, " Christ 
 and his Soldiers," produced at Harrow, March, 
 1878 ; Requiem in memory of departed Har- 
 row friends; "Cinderella," a fairy opera, 
 composed 1882, performed, Harrow, Novem- 
 ber, 1883 ; Comic cantata, " Froggy would a 
 wooing go," Oxford, 1887 ; Nursery rhymes 
 quadrilles, for chorus and orchestra. Septets 
 in C and D, for pf., strings, and flute ; Quin- 
 tet, pf. and strings, Harrow, 1874. Editor of 
 hymns and tunes for High Schools ; Harrow 
 glee book ; Harrow School Songs ; Harrow 
 marches ; Dulce Domum ; Rhymes and songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Farmer, Thomas, composer of the 17th 
 century, was one of the waits of London, and 
 Mus. Bac. , Cantab., 1684. He died before 
 1695, and Purcell has included an elegy on 
 him in " Orpheus Britannicus." 
 
 Works. — A consort of musick in four parts, 
 containing thirty-three lessons, beginning 
 with an overture, 1686. A second consort of 
 musick in four parts, containing eleven 
 Lessons, beginning with a ground, 1690. 
 Songs in Playford's Choice Ayres, 1675, and 
 in various collections of his time. 
 
 Farnaby, Giles, composer and spinnet 
 player, born at Truro, Cornwall, about middle 
 of the 16th century [1560]. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 
 July, 1592. Date of death unknown, but he 
 lived mostly in London, and Sevenoaks, 
 Kent. 
 
 Works. — Canzonets to foure Voyces, with 
 a Song of eight parts, London, 1598. 
 Madrigals. Pieces contributed to Queen 
 Elizabeth's Virginal Book (which also contains 
 four pieces by Richard Farnaby, a son of 
 Giles). Psalms in Ravenscroft's collection, etc. 
 
 Farnie, Henry Brougham, musician 
 and librettist, was born in Fife about 1837. 
 He was educated at St. Andrews and Cam- 
 bridge Universities, and was for some time 
 editor of the Fifeshire Journal. In 1863 he 
 settled in London, and was editor of the 
 Orchestra, Sock and Buslcin, &nd Paris Times. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 143 
 
 PARNOL. 
 
 He also was associated with Henderson in the 
 opera bouffe productions at the Strand, Folly, 
 Avenue, and Comedy Theatres. He compiled 
 and wrote the librettos of a number of oper- 
 ettas, pantomimes, songs, etc. ; and transla- 
 ted most of the more successful modern 
 French comic operas. His talents as an 
 adapter were of the highest order. Among 
 his productions may be named " Sleeping 
 Queen," "Rip Van Winkle," "Cloches de 
 Corneville," by Planquette. He also wrote 
 words for Arditi's " Stirrup Cup," and trans- 
 lated Gounod's " Romeo et Juliette," " La 
 Reine de Saba," etc. He died at Paris, 
 September 21, 1889. By his will he left 
 £23,072 to his sister. 
 
 Farnol, Eleanor, sec Moir, Mrs. F. L. 
 
 Farquharson, James, musician and 
 teacher in Edinburgh. Published a " Selection 
 of Sacred Music, suitable for public and pri- 
 vate devotion," Edinburgh, 1824. 
 
 Farrant, Daniel, composer, of the 16th 
 and 17th centuries ; set lessons for the viol 
 in what was known as lyra-way, in imitation 
 of the lute. 
 
 Farrant, John, composer, of the 16th 
 century, was organist of Salisbury Cathedral, 
 about 1600. Biography unknown. 
 
 Another John Farr.\nt, or not unlikely the 
 same, was organist of Christ's Hospital, Lon- 
 don, about the same time. 
 
 Farrant, Richard, composer and organist, 
 was born about 1530. He was one of the 
 Gentlemen of the Chapel Royal to 1564. 
 Master of Choristers, St. George's Chapel, 
 Windsor, 1564-69. Again Gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal, 1569-80. Organist and Lay- 
 Vicar, St. George's Chapel. He died at Wind- 
 sor, November 30, 1580. 
 
 Works. — Services in G minor, D minor, 
 and A minor. Anthems : Call to Remem- 
 brance ; Hide not thou thy face ; Lord for 
 Thy tender mercies sake ; O Lord, Ahnighty, 
 etc. 
 
 The work by which Farrant is best known 
 is " Lord for Thy tender mercies sake," an 
 anthem which is of disputed authorship, some 
 attributing it to John Hilton. It has also 
 been adapted as a psalm tune, in which form 
 it appears in numerous collections. 
 
 Farrar, Joseph, writer and physician, 
 who studied at Edinburgh, etc., and gradu- 
 ated M.D. at St. Andrews, 1884. Now in 
 practice in Gainsborough. Author of " The 
 Hmuan Voice and connected parts. A prac- 
 tice book for orators, clergymen, vocalists, 
 and others." London, 1881, etc. 
 
 Farren, George, author of " The Mortal- 
 ities of Celebrated Musicians," London, 1834. 
 
 Faulkes, William, organist, pianist, and 
 composer, born in Liverpool, November 4, 
 1863. Stvidied iinder William Dawson, and 
 the late Henry Dillon-Newman. Organist of 
 
 FAWCETT. 
 
 St. Margaret's, Anfield, Liverpool, since 1886. 
 Resident there as teacher and performer. 
 
 Works. — Concerto in C minor, pf. and or- 
 chestra, 1891 ; Concerto in A minor, violin 
 and orchestra, composed 1892, performed. Art 
 Club, Liverpool, May, 1893 ; Suite in C minor, 
 for flute, oboe, trumpet, strings, and pf., 1892. 
 Trios, for pf., violin, and 'cello, D minor, 
 composed 1891, performed at Conference of 
 Incorporated Society of Musicians, London, 
 January, 1893 ; G minor, and C minor. Twelve 
 pieces for organ ; Sonata in D minor ; Concert 
 overture in E flat; and other organ pieces. 
 Pianoforte pieces ; three pieces awarded the 
 prize offered by the North-Western Section, 
 I.S.M., 1893. Pieces for violin, violoncello, 
 etc. 
 
 Faulkner, Thomas, musician. Author 
 of " Organ Builders' Assistant," London, 
 1826. " Designs for Organs," London, 1838. 
 
 Fawcett, a remarkable Yorkshire family 
 of musicians. Joseph Fawcett, the head 
 was born about 1815, and followed his occu- 
 pation as a weaver at Horsforth, and after- 
 wards at Eccleshill, whither he was invited to 
 assist in the choir of the New Connexion 
 Chapel. He sang tenor, played the violin, 
 and was choirmaster. He has five sons, 
 musicians, John, Joseph, Samuel, trombone 
 players ; Tom, pianist and organist ; and Han- 
 del, contrabassist. John has two sons in the 
 profession ; — Harry, a violinist ; and Men- 
 delssohn, a clarinettist. Joseph junior's 
 son, Charles, is a violinist ; and the three 
 sons of Samuel, named Charlesworth, Ver- 
 di, and Weber, play clarinet, violin, and 
 oboe, respectively; while Fawcett Midgley, 
 the married sister's son, is a bassoonist. The 
 members of this family are known all over 
 the north of England ; they have played regu- 
 larly for the Carl Rosa Opera Company, and 
 some have toured the country through, while 
 others are known as skilled players in Cham- 
 ber Concerts. 
 
 Fawcett, John, composer and writer, was 
 born at Kendal, in 1789. He was a shoemaker 
 for a time, but afterwards became a teacher 
 of music in Bolton, Lancashire. He died at 
 Bolton, October 26, 1867. 
 
 Works. — New set of sacred music, in three 
 parts ... by John Fawcett, of Kendal [1830] . 
 Miriam's timbrel, a new set of psalm and 
 hymn tunes . . . London, n.d. Melodia divina, 
 a collection of psalm and hymn tunes, London 
 [1841] . Harp of Zion, consisting of original 
 tunes, and pieces [1845] . The Cherub Lute 
 . . . hymns, etc., London [1845]. Voice of 
 Devotion, containing 400 psalm and hymn 
 tunes, Glasgow [1862-63]. Music for Thous- 
 ands, or the vocalist's manual [1845] . Lan- 
 cashire Vocalist, a complete guide to singing 
 at sight, London [1854]. Chanting made 
 easy, London [1857] . Paradise, oratorio [1865]. 
 
144 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 FAWCETT. 
 
 The Seraphic Choir, a Cliristmas piece, 1840. 
 Juvenile Pianist's Companion, 1850. Etude 
 de Salon, for pf., op. 1. Anthems, Temper- 
 ance songs, etc. 
 
 Fawcett, John, composer and organist, 
 son of above, born at Bolton, 1824. He studied 
 under his father, and became organist of St. 
 John's Church, Farnworth, 1835. Organist 
 of Parish Church, Bolton, 1842. He studied 
 at the R.A.M., London, luider Bennett, from 
 1845. Organist of Curzon Street Chapel, 
 London, 1845-46. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1852. 
 He died at Manchester, July 1, 1857. 
 
 He wrote a cantata, " Supplication and 
 Thanksgiving," as a degree exercise, 1852 ; 
 anthems, glees, songs, and pf. music. 
 
 Fawcett. Rev. Joshua, musician, edited 
 " Lyra Ecclesiastica, consisting of voluntaries, 
 introits, chants, services, anthems." Brad- 
 ford, 1845. Preface by Rev. W. H. HavergaL 
 
 Fayrfax. Robert; see Fairfax. 
 
 Fearnside, Frederick, didactic writer, 
 was a chorister at Norwich Cathedral in 1848, 
 and afterwards articled to Dr. Buck. He died 
 at Bradford, October, 1888. Author of " The 
 Systematic and Comprehensive Singing Man- 
 ual " [1887]. 
 
 Fearon, see Glossop. 
 
 Featherstone, Isabella, see Paul (Mrs. 
 Howard). 
 
 Felton, Rev. William, organist and com- 
 poser, born in 1715. Was Vicar-Choral at 
 Hereford in 1741, and afterwards Minor canon. 
 He was Vicar of Norton Canon, 1751-69. He 
 died on December 6, 1769. He wrote con- 
 certos for organ and harpsichord ; and eight 
 sets of easy lessons for the harpsichord, ops. 3 
 and 8. He composed the well-known hymn 
 tune, "Fabian." He was esteemed in his 
 day a remarkable performer. 
 
 Fenton, Lavinia, 6ont Bestwick, soprano 
 vocalist, who made her debut at London in 
 1726. She was the original Polly Peachem 
 in "The Beggar's Opera," January 29, 1728. 
 Retired from the stage as mistress of the 
 third Duke of Bolton. Married to him at 
 Aix, Provence, 1751. She died at Greenwich, 
 January, 1760. 
 
 This singer has interest for the present time 
 only in her connection with that ever-famous 
 work, "The Beggar's Oj)era," in which she 
 scored an enormous success. 
 
 Fergus, John, composer, was born at 
 Huntly, Aberdeenshire, in 1767. He was or- 
 ganist of St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, 
 Glasgow, for a number of years. Died at 
 Glasgow, June 10, 1825. He composed three 
 glees, songs, and organ pieces. 
 
 Ferrabosco, a family of musicians. Alfon- 
 so, son of an Italian composer of the same 
 name, who settled in England some time 
 before 1567, was born at Greenwich, at a date 
 unknown, probably about 1570. He was taken 
 
 FIELD. 
 
 to Italy by his father, and studied at Bologna. 
 Musical instructor to Prince Henry, 1605. 
 Published " Ayres," 1609. Died in 1628. His 
 works included lessons, and fancies , and he 
 contributed to Sir William Leighton's " Lam- 
 entacions," 1614. His son, Alfonso Ferra- 
 bosco, succeeded his father in the King's band 
 in March, 1627-8. With his brother, Henry, 
 he was appointed a musician-in-ordinary to 
 the King. Some pieces for viols are to be 
 found in the Addit. MSS., British Museum. 
 He died in 1661. John Ferrabosco, son 
 either of Alfonso or Henry, was Mus. Bac, 
 Cambridge, 1671. Organist of Ely Cathedral 
 from 1662 to 1682, when he died. Anthems 
 by him are in the Ely Cathedral library. The 
 history of this family is obscure, but the best 
 account will be found in the Dictionary of 
 National Biography, xviii., pp. 375-7. 
 
 Ferrey, George, organist of Christ Church 
 Priory, Hampshire, from 1851, until his death, 
 February 10, 1893. His predecessor, a Mr. 
 Hiscock, was appointed when the organ was 
 built, in 1788, the two holding office for more 
 than a century. 
 
 Ff rangcon = Davies, see Davies, 
 D. Ffkangcon. 
 
 Field, Henry Ibbot, composer and pianist, 
 born at IBath, December 6, 1797. He studied 
 under Coombs, of Cheltenham, and taught 
 music at Bath, where he died, Slay 19, 1848. 
 He wrote some unimportant music for the 
 pianoforte. He was one of the few provincial 
 pianists thought worthy of a hearing in Lon- 
 don. At the Philharmonic Concerts, February 
 25, 1822, he played a concerto by Hummel 
 (in A minor ?), for the first time in England ; 
 and, June 22, 1840, he played Hummel's 
 B minor concerto. His father, Thomas Field, 
 was organist of Bath Abbey. 
 
 Field, John, composer and pianist, born 
 at Dublin, July 26, 1782. Apprenticed to 
 Clementi, London, under whom he afterwards 
 studied. Taken by Clementi to Paris, Germany 
 and Russia. Teacher at St. Petersburg, 
 1804, and at Moscow, 1823. Appeared at 
 London Philharmonic Concert, 1832. He 
 played in Belgium, Switzerland, and Italy, 
 and afterwards returned to Russia with a 
 family named Raemann. He died at ]\Ioscow, 
 January 11, 1837. 
 
 Works. — Op. 1. Three Sonatas for pf. in A, 
 E flat, and C minor. Seven Concertos for pf. 
 and orch., in E flat, A flat, E flat, E flat, C, 
 C, C minor. Two Divertissements for pf., 
 with accoinp. for 2 vns., flute, alto and bass. 
 Quintet for pf., 2 vns., alto and bass. Rondo 
 for pf. and quartet. Variations on Russian 
 air for pf. duet. Grand Valse for pf. duet. 
 Three Sonatas for pf. in A, B, and C. Sonata 
 for pf. in B. Exercise in Modulation for pf. 
 Two Airs for pf . Fantasias for pf . Eighteen 
 Nocturnes for pf. Rondo Ecossais for pf. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 145 
 
 FIELD. 
 
 Polonaises for pf. Two Songs for Voice and 
 pf. Romances for pf. Rondos, and miscel- 
 laneous pieces. 
 
 Field, John Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser, born near Manchester, February 4, 
 1850. First musical studies private. Later, 
 pupil of Sir John Stainer, and Dr. J. F. Bridge. 
 In 1868, appointed organist and choirmaster. 
 Parish Church, Holywell, North Wales; 1870, 
 Christ (Jhurch, Southport ; 1872, St. German's, 
 Blackheath ; and, two years later, to Christ 
 Church, Lee Park, Kent, where he is still in 
 office. Associate of the Philharmonic Society. 
 
 Works, — Morning, Communion, and Even- 
 ing Service in D ; Benedictus and Agnus Dei, 
 in F ; Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis in G; 
 The Canticles of the Church, Two Sets ; Chant 
 Services. Anthems : Send out Thy Light ; 
 Lord of our life; Hail! gladdening light; and 
 others ; Carols. Songs : An old story ; Two 
 children fair; Part-songs, etc. Offertoire a la 
 Senate, in three movements, and other organ 
 pieces ; Nocturne, pf. ; Pieces for pf. and 
 violin ; Romance in A, etc., etc. 
 
 Filby, William Charles, organist and 
 composer, born at Hammersmith, 1836. Was 
 organist of St. Peter, Hammersmith, in 1849, 
 afterwards spending some time in study in 
 France. Organist and choirmaster, Parish 
 Church, Bromley, 1853 ; St. Peter's, Walworth; 
 St. Matthew's, Bayswater ; St. Luke's, West- 
 bourne Park; Holy Trinity, Margate; Holy 
 Trinity, Stepney ; and since 1884, of St. Paul's, 
 West Greenwich. Conductor of Choral 
 Societies at Greenwich, Chelsea, etc. Has 
 given organ recitals in London, and in various 
 provincial towns. Was one of the appointed 
 organists at the International Exhibitions, 
 1882 and 1885. Lecturer on subjects con- 
 nected with Church music, the opera, and 
 musical education. • His compositions are 
 very numerous, and include settings in Can- 
 tata form, of Psalms 13, 23, and 65 ; A l\Iass 
 in E fiat, op. 24 ; Mass in E, op. 28 ; Salve 
 Regina, op. 67, and other music for the Roman 
 Catholic Service. Anthems, settings of the 
 Canticles. Operettas, Your money or your 
 life ; Alabama claims. A number of songs, 
 choruses, and part-songs. Sonatas in E, op. 
 66, and G minor, op. 76, with many other 
 pieces for pf . Four organ voluntaries, op. 110 ; 
 Three organ pieces, op. 124, etc. Revising 
 editor of Lady V. Freke's tune-book. Song of 
 Praise ; and of J. B. Mead's, The Treasury. 
 Contributor of hymn-tunes to Hpnns Ancient 
 and Modern ; The Bristol Tune-book, etc. 
 Author of Piccolo Tutor (London : Williams); 
 Flute Tutor ; How to write music ; The 
 Student's Copy Book (London, 1882). 
 
 His brother, Stephen Filby (born 1834, 
 died 1895), was organist of the Parish Church, 
 Hammersmith, for over twenty years, and 
 afterwards of Holy Trinity, Barnes, and the 
 
 FISHER. 
 
 He 
 
 Parish Church, Wealdstone, Harrow. 
 was an extemporaneous player of repute. 
 
 Filmer, Edward, composer of the 17th 
 century. Republished "French Court Ayres 
 of four and five parts," 1029. 
 
 Finch, Hon. and Rev. Edward, com- 
 poser and clergyman, fifth son of the 1st Earl 
 of Nottingham, born in 1664, died at York, 
 February 14, 1738. He composed anthems, 
 psalms, etc. ; also a " Grammar for Thorough- 
 bass, with examples." MS. of 66 pages in 
 the Euing Library, Glasgow. 
 
 Findlay, William, violinist and com- 
 poser, born at Crofthead, Linlithgow, August 
 11, 1854. Resident at Broxburn, in the same 
 county, as a music teacher. He has composed 
 a number of reels, hornpipes, strathspeys, and 
 other Scottish dance music, 
 
 Firth, R. A., composer, and organist of 
 St. John's, Hampstead, compiled " Select 
 portions of the new version of Psalms, adapted 
 to a choice collection of Psalm tunes, for the 
 use of the Parish Church of St. John, Hamp- 
 stead," London, 1819. "Congregational and 
 domestic praise, consisting of select portions 
 of psabns and hymns adapted to appropriate 
 tunes . . . ," London, 1835. Six canzonets 
 [1825]. Hymns, pf. music, etc. 
 
 Fish, William, violinist and composer, 
 born at Norwich, in 1775. Violinist in Nor- 
 wich theatre. Teacher of music at Norwich. 
 Was musical preceptor of Edward Taylor and 
 George Perry, and a composer of concertos; 
 grand sonata for the pf., op. 1 ; glees, and 
 songs. He died at Norwich, March 15, 1866. 
 
 Fisher, Arthur E., is a professor of har- 
 mony, counterpoint, and composition, in the 
 Toronto College of Music. He is a Mus. Bac. 
 (Toronto ?) and A.R.C.O., England. He has 
 composed a cantata for female voices, " The 
 Wreck of the Hesperus." Edward Fishee, 
 another Toronto musician, was musically 
 educated in Germany. He was musical 
 director of the Ottawa Ladies' College, and 
 conductor of the Choral Society in that city. 
 Organist of St. Andrew's Church, Toronto ; 
 conductor of the Toronto Choral Society for 
 some years up to 1891. From its establish- 
 ment, in 1887, he has been principal of the 
 Toronto Conservatory of Music. Elected Presi- 
 dent uf the Canadian Society of Musicians, 
 1888, and again in 1889. 
 
 Fisher, Henry, didactic writer, and 
 teacher, born at Blackpool, December 21, 
 1845. Chiefly self-taught in music. Appren- 
 ticed to a firm of music-sellers in Manchester, 
 he acquired a knowledge of the pianoforte, 
 and gaiued further experience as assistant to 
 a prof'jssor of music at Darlington. Grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac, 1876; Mus. Doc, 1878, 
 Cambi Ige. For three years was organist of 
 Chris r Church, Blackpool, in which town he 
 is settled as a teacher of singing, pianoforte, 
 
UQ 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 FISHER. 
 
 and harmony. He is an earnest student in 
 every branch of knowledge, and has been 
 elected a Fellow of the Geological Society. 
 His compositions are two cantatas, " Ruth, 
 the Gleauer," and "The Call of Gideon;" a 
 romance for viola and orchestra, and some 
 minor works. Besides contributions to the 
 musical press, and lectures, he is author of 
 The Musical Profession, a handbook for pro- 
 fessors of the present and the future; The 
 Candidate in Music, Part I., a text book of 
 musical elements, and II., Harmony; editor 
 and part author of E. Q. Norton's Construc- 
 tion, tuning, and care of the pianoforte ; and 
 also of John Curwen's The Harmony Player, 
 f^r the harmonium, all ))ublished by Curwen 
 and Sons, for which firm he has arranged 
 a number of operas for children's voices. 
 
 Fisher, J. Churchill, a composer, born 
 in Australia. Has written a Cantata, " The 
 Emigrants," produced at Parraniata, Febru- 
 ary 22, 1887. 
 
 Fisher, John Abraham, composer and 
 violinist, born at Dunstable, or London, 1744. 
 He studied under Pinto, and appeared at 
 King's Theatre as violinist, 176.3. In 1764 
 he became a member of the Royal Society of 
 Musicians. Married Miss Powell, 1770. 
 Bac. and Doc. Mus., Oxon., 1777. Travelled 
 in Russia and Germany. Married Anne 
 Selina Storace, 1784, but separated from her 
 soon afterwards. He lived iii Dublin as a 
 teacher, and died in May, 1806. 
 
 Works. — Music to The Monster of the 
 Wood, 1772 ; The Sylphs, 1774 ; Prometheus, 
 1776; The Norwood Gypsies, 1777; Macbeth. 
 Providence, oratorio (for degree), 1777. Sym- 
 phonies ; Concertos for pf., and for oboe; 
 Violin and flute music ; Canzonets. A com- 
 parative view of the English, French, and 
 Italian Schools, consisting of Airs and Glees 
 composed as examples of their several man- 
 ners, London, n.d. 
 
 Fisin, James, musician, born at Col- 
 chester, in 1755. He studied under Burney 
 and Reinhold. Teacher in Chester. Wrote 
 " The Seasons, or Vocal Year " ; " The Judg- 
 ment of Paris," a masque (Congreve) ; " Sacred 
 Songs on the most Prominent Incidents of 
 our Saviour's Life and Death," London, n.d. 
 Sonatas, Glees, Canzonets, Ballads, etc. He 
 died September 8, 1847. 
 
 Fitzball, Edward, or Ball, dramatist 
 and writer, born at Burwell, near Newmarket, 
 1793. He died at Chatham, October 27, 1873. 
 He wrote the librettos of some of the most 
 popular of English operas, Wallace's " Mari- 
 tana " being perhaps his most successful 
 production. Although something more than 
 a mere play-wright, his poetical powers were 
 not of a high order. He published " Thirty- 
 five Years of a Dramatic Author's Life," 
 London, 2 vols., 1859. 
 
 FLAVELL. 
 
 Fitzherbert William, clergyman and 
 musician, born 1713. He was a minor canon 
 of St. Paul's Cathedral, London, 1744. He 
 was successively rector of Hadlow, Kent, 1753 ; 
 Hornedon-on-the-Hill, Essex, 1756-1771 ; and 
 of St. Gregory by St. Paul. He died at St. 
 Paul's College, October 2, 1797. Composer of 
 a double chant in P, and other church music. 
 
 Fitzpatrick, W. A., nmsician, compiler 
 of "Devotional Music; being a selection of 
 nearly 100 melodies," London [1837] , and 
 composer of glees and songs. 
 
 Fitzwilliam, Edward Francis, com- 
 poser and conductor, born at Deal, August 1, 
 1824. Music-director, Haymarket Theatre, 
 London. Married Miss Ellen Chaplin, 1855. 
 He died, London, January 20, 1857. 
 
 Works. — Music for The Green Bushes 
 (1845) ; Anything for a change (1846) ; Love's 
 alarms (1854) ; and other dramatic pieces. 
 Queen of a day, comic opera. Set of songs 
 [1853] ; Songs for a winter night [1855] ; 
 Dramatic Songs, London [1856] , 4 books ; 
 Four four-part songs, London, 1855 : Glees, 
 etc. Te Deum, ballads, pf. music. 
 
 His father, Ehward Francis (1785-1852), 
 was an actor and singer, and his sister, Kath- 
 leen Mary (born 1826), who married Mr. C, 
 Withall, was also a singer and actress. 
 
 Fitzwilliam, Richard, 7th Viscount, 
 English peer, and founder of the Fitzwilliam 
 Museum, Cambridge, was born in August, 
 1745 ; and died February 5, 1816. The title 
 is now extinct. 
 
 He bequeathed to the University of Cam- 
 bridge, a collection of paintings, music, and 
 books, the musical portion of which included 
 a number of fine MS. compositions of early 
 composers, principally Italian. These are 
 housed in the fine Fitzwilliam Museum at 
 Cambridge, The sacred music contained in 
 this collection was edited and published by 
 Vincent Novello, in 5 volumes, as " The Fitz- 
 william ]\Iusic, being a collection of sacred 
 pieces from the INISS. of Italian composers in 
 the Fitzwilliam Museum," n.d. 
 
 Flavell, Charles Edwin, pianist, born 
 in Birmingham about 1817. Studied under 
 Robert Barnett, and later at Frankfort-on- 
 the-Main, under Aloys Schmitt. Settled in 
 Birmingham, as teacher. About the year 
 1856, in conjunction with Mr. Duchemin {q.v.) 
 he gave a series of chamber concerts, which 
 were continued for some time, and then he 
 started others on his own account. He re- 
 moved to London about 1873 to undertake the 
 agency for this country of the Kaps pianos ; 
 and he died there, February 1, 1879. 
 
 Flavell, Edwin Mark, pianist and com- 
 poser, of present time. Educated at R.A.M. 
 Sometime conductor of a choral society at 
 West Hill, Wandsworth. He is the composer 
 of a cantata, Babylon's Wave, produced at 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 147 
 
 FLEET. 
 
 Wandsworth Town Hall, October 18, 1883 ; 
 cantata, "The Fairy Ring," 1883; Songs and 
 duets ; Pieces for pf. solo, and duet, etc. 
 
 Fleet, Qeorge R., see Barrington, Rut- 
 land. 
 
 Fleming, Rev. Alexander. Scottish 
 clergj'man, born in 1770 ; died in June, 1845. 
 He was minister at Neilston in Renfrewshire. 
 Author of "... Letters ... on the subject of 
 the organ which . . . was introduced into St. 
 St.- Andrew's Church, Glasgow. To which 
 are added remarks on the Rev. James Begg's 
 Treatise on the use of Organs," Glasgow, 
 1808. "Answer to a statement of the pro- 
 ceedings of the Presbytery of Glasgow, relative 
 to the use of an organ," Glasgow, 1808. 
 
 Another clergyman of the same name. Rev. 
 John Fleming, was minister at Airdrie in 
 Lanarkshire, and wrote " An inquiry into the 
 compositions with which the praise of God 
 should be celebrated in His public worship," 
 Edinburgh, 1821. 
 
 Fleming, James M., writer and violinist, 
 born at Glasgow in 1839. Studied for a time 
 under the late Samuel D. Smythe, of Glasgow, 
 and received some hints from Ole Bull. Con- 
 tributor to various musical periodicals ; Com- 
 poser of Easy legato studies for the violin ; 
 and author of " Old Violins and their Makers," 
 1883; "The Practical Violin School," 1886; 
 and "The Fiddle Fancier's Guide," 1892. 
 
 Fletcher, Charles, violinist and con- 
 ductor, born at Wincanton, Somerset, July 11, 
 1816. His father was a schoolmaster and a 
 musical amateur, and his mother was a cousin 
 of Charles Lucas. At five years of age Charles 
 Fletcher began his vocal studies, and at seven 
 appeared in public as a singer and fiute-player. 
 When nine he was appointed soprano soloist 
 and harmonium player at the Parish Church 
 of Shepton Montague, at a salary of £50 per 
 annum. He had studied the violin from his 
 seventh year, and now became prominent as 
 a performer. He was engaged by the late 
 Lord Arundel for the private chapel and 
 chamber concerts at Wardour Castle, where 
 he remained three years. His voice changing, 
 he settled as a violinist at Southampton. 
 Failing health necessitated sea voyages, and 
 for some time he was in Egypt and Brazil. 
 Ultimately he took up his residence at 
 Bournemouth, where he has established a 
 string orchestra of ladies', mostly his pupils. 
 He has played as soloist, and in chamber 
 concerts in London, and many provincial 
 towns, and at the conferences of the Incorpo- 
 rated Society of Musicians. He was principal 
 professor of the violin at Winchester College 
 for ten years. At the Bournemouth Festival 
 of 1896 he was principal first violinist. He 
 married, in 1869, a German lady, a pianist of 
 repute. His daughter Maud made her appear- 
 ance as a violoncellist in Handel's Concerto 
 
 FLORENCE. 
 
 Grosso in D minor, at a concert given by the 
 Rev. E. H. Moberly, with his ladies' orches- 
 tra, at Prince's Hall, London, December 4, 
 1894. 
 
 Fletcher, Thomas, double-bass player, 
 in his day the leading professional musician 
 in Birmingham. He was a member of the 
 Festival Orchestra from 1808, if not earlier ; 
 and was for years in the band of the Italian 
 Opera under Weichsel. He died in Birming- 
 ham, in June, 1845, at the age of 60. There 
 were several other musicians of the same 
 family. Jane Fletcher, a contralto vocalist, 
 was one of the principal singers at the Bir- 
 mingham Festival of 1811. 
 
 Flinn, Kate, soprano vocalist. Studied 
 under Ardellmann, and W. Shakespeare. She 
 made her first appearance at a concert given 
 by Mr. W. Ganz, July 1, 1884, and sang at 
 the Ballad Concerts, St. James's Hall, the 
 next year. Made her debut at the Crystal 
 Palace Concerts, March 17, 1886, and at the 
 Saturday Popular Concerts, March 26, 1887, 
 since which time she has sung at many im- 
 portant concerts in London and the provinces. 
 
 Flintoft, Rev. Luke, clergyman and 
 musician of 18th century, who was probably 
 a native of Worcester. B.A. Cambridge, 1700. 
 Priest-vicar of Lincoln Cathedral, 1704-14. 
 Gentleman of Chapel Royal, 1715. Reader 
 in Chapel Royal, Whitehall, 1719. Minor 
 canon, Westminster Abbey, 1719. He died ab 
 London, November 3, 1727, and is buried in 
 Westminster Abbey. He invented the double 
 chant, or rather adapted one of the earliest 
 specimens yet discovered. It is in G minor, 
 and will be found in any large collection. 
 
 Flood, Edwin, organist and composer, 
 born early in the present century. He was 
 organist of the Parish Church of Honiton, 
 and died there in 1869. He compiled Psalmo- 
 dia Britannica, a collection of psalms, anthems, 
 chants, etc., London, 1847-54, 2 vols, issued 
 in 12 books. Collection of chants for 4 voices 
 [1846] . The Psalmodist, a collection of psalm 
 and hymn tunes used in the Parish Church of 
 Honiton, London, 1850. Gipsy's life is a 
 joyous life, song. Sets of quadrilles, and other 
 pf. music. Another Edwin Flood, possibly 
 a son or other relative of the above, died at 
 Honiton, April 29, 1848. We have been 
 unable to disentangle the works of these two, 
 both being contemporary composers. 
 
 Florence, Amy, soprano vocalist, born 
 at Edgbaston, Birmingham. Studied singing 
 locally, and under San Giovanni at Milan, 
 Made her debut in opera in IMalta, afterwards 
 singing at Como and Naples. Returning to 
 England, she joined the Carl Rosa Opera 
 Company, singing in " Carmen," and other 
 works. In the season 1886-7, she sang at 
 Covent Garden in " La Favorita," etc., and a 
 year later under the management of Augustus 
 
148 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 FLOWER. 
 
 Harris. She took the stage name of Mile. 
 Firenze. She has given concerts at Steinway 
 Hall, 1888, and elsewhere. 
 
 Flower, Eliza, soprano vocalist and 
 composer. Sister of Sarah Flower (Mrs. 
 Wm. Brydges Adams, died 1847, or August, 
 1848), author of " Nearer my God to Thee," 
 and other hymns. She was born at Harlow, 
 Essex, April 19, 1803 ; and died December 12, 
 1846. Composer of " Hymns and Anthems," 
 composed for the services at Finsbury Chapel, 
 South Place, London ; "Musical Illustrations 
 of the Waverley Novels," London, 18.31. 
 " Now pray we for our country," and other 
 part-songs ; Songs of the Seasons, etc. 
 
 Flower, Sara, contralto vocalist, born 
 February 22, 1805 ; died at Melbourne, August 
 16, 1865. A concert singer who sang in 
 England and the Colonies. Her sister, Eliza- 
 beth, was a soprano vocalist and sang in 
 public. These are frequently confounded with 
 the two Flower sisters mentioned above. 
 
 Flowers, George French, composer, 
 organist, and writer, born at Boston, Lincoln, 
 in 1811. He studied in Germany under 
 Einck and Schnyder von Wartensee. He 
 was organist of the English Chapel, Paris, 
 and of St. Mark's, Myddelton Square, Clerken- 
 well, London. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1839. Mus. 
 Doc, Oxon., 1865. Editor of Literary Gazette. 
 Flowers was an unsuccessful candidate for the 
 Music Professorship at Oxford in 1848, and 
 also for that of Gresham College in 1863. He 
 was a successful teacher of singing, numbering 
 Mrs. Howard Paul among his pupils, and 
 established a British School of Vocalization. 
 He died at London, June 14, 1872. 
 
 WoBKS. — Anthems, songs, etc. Essay on 
 the construction of Fugue . . , London, 1846. 
 Poem on Muscular Vocalisation, with intro- 
 duction," Barton-upon-Humber, 1861. Trans- 
 lation of Basler's Pictorial representation of 
 the science of harmony . . . n.d., etc. 
 
 Fludd, Robert, scholar and author, born 
 at Milgate, Bearsted, Kent, 1574 ; died at 
 London, September 8, 1637. Author of "Ut- 
 riusquecosmi majoris scilicet et minorismeta- 
 physica, physica atque technica historia," 
 Oppenheim, 1617 (q.v.). He was educated at 
 Oxford, and is best known as a philosophical 
 writer. 
 
 Foley, Allan James (Signob Foli), bass 
 vocalist, born in Cahir, Tipperary, in 1842. 
 His early years were spent in Anaerica. Studied 
 in Naples, under Bisaccia, and sang in opera 
 at Catania, Turin, Milan, and Paris, 1862-4. 
 He made his debut at Her Majesty's Theatre, 
 Jmie 17, 1865, as St. Bris in the " Huguenots," 
 and for some years sang in many operas there, 
 at Covent Garden, and Drury Lane. He has 
 also appeared in opera in America, Russia, 
 Austria, and elsewhere. His first performance 
 in oratorio was in " Israel in Egypt," National 
 
 FORBES. 
 
 Choral Society's Concert, April 25, 1866, when 
 he sang in the duet, "The Lord is a man of 
 war," with Mr. Santley. He sang at the 
 Handel Festival, 1868 ; and in the provincial 
 Festivals successively at Norwich, 1869 ; Bir- 
 mingham, 1870; Gloucester, 1871 ; and Leeds, 
 1877. As a concert singer he has been heard 
 in every important musical centre. In 1892, 
 he toured in Australia ; was in South Africa,, 
 1893 ; and singing in London agaiii in 1896. 
 
 Folkestone, Viscountess, see Radnoe,, 
 Countess op. 
 
 Foote, Frank Barrington, baritone voca- 
 list, born at Plymouth, February 2, 1855. 
 Was intended for the army, but his voice 
 developing while he was at school in Germany 
 he was sent to Florence to study, his masters 
 being Zuccardi, and Lamperti at Milan. As. 
 Signer Franceschi he made his debut in opera 
 at Pavia, and he sang, later, in Milan. In 
 1880 he was engaged at Her Majesty's Theatre,, 
 singing in Verdi's "Aida," etc. Later he 
 went to America with Mapleson's troupe, and 
 afterwards again visited Italy. In 1884 he 
 was with the Carl Rosa Company, and sang 
 in "Colomba," and "The Canterbury Pil- 
 grims"; and in 1885 he took part in the 
 Handel Bi-centennial Festival, at the Crystal 
 Palace. He now was busy with concert work,, 
 and studying oratorio with Mr. Randegger. 
 He appeared at the Norwich Festival, 1887 ; 
 and those of Gloucester and Leeds in 1889. 
 In the spring of 1889, and again in 1891, he 
 visited America, and has toured with Madame 
 Albani, and Madame Patti. He was giving 
 concerts in London in 1896. 
 
 Forbes, George, pianist and composer, 
 born at Pimlico, London, July 1, 1813. He 
 studied under his brother Henry, and Sir G. 
 Smart. Gave concerts with his brother in 
 London, 1831-1844. Subsequently gave sub- 
 scription concerts on his own account. Was 
 organist of St. Mary's, Bryanston Square, 
 for 45 years. He died at London, September 
 11, 1883. 
 
 Works. — Pianoforte: Sonata in C; March 
 des Guides ; Larghetto and Rondo Capriccioso 
 in E ; Rappelle toi ; La Caprera ; La Castellu- 
 cia ; Carnival de Florence ; Marziale ; La pluie 
 des Perles ; Forbes's Valse de Concert and 
 Valse de Sylphes; Calliope Valse; Pluie de 
 Printemps ; La Rosamund, a nocturne ; Lou- 
 ise, nocturne. Four operatic duets. Six 
 teaching pieces for pf. Gavotte, Queen Eliza- 
 beth. March et Finale brillant, op. 7. Italian 
 fantasia. Espaniola. Billet-doux. Tran- 
 scriptions, etc. Three books of easy Volun- 
 taries for organ or harmonium. Offertoire 
 for organ in F. 
 
 Forbes, Henry, composer and pianist, 
 brother of the above, born at London in 1804. 
 A pupil of Sir G. Smart, Hummel, Moscheles,, 
 and Herz. Conductor of the Societa Armonica. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 149 
 
 FORBES. 
 
 Organist of Parish Church of S. Luke, Chelsea. 
 •Gave concerts with his brother George. He 
 died at London, November 24, 1859. 
 
 Works. — Fairv Oak, opera, Drury Lane, 
 ■October 18, 1845." Ruth, oratorio, 1847. Pf. 
 music. Songs. Psalms, etc. National Psalm- 
 ody [1843]. 
 
 Forbes, John, Scottish printer and pub- 
 lisher, established in business at Aberdeen in 
 middle of 17th century, where he died, in 
 December, 1675. He is chiefly remarkable as 
 having published the first book of secular 
 music in Scotland [See Davidson, Thomas] ; 
 and for the authorship of three inflated 
 epistles dedicatory, prefixed to the " Cantus" 
 of 1662, and changed, to the edition of 1666 ; 
 and again different, to the edition of 1682. 
 
 Ford, Ann, performer oii the Harmonica, 
 who flourished during the 18th century. 
 Married to the Hon. P. Thicknesse. Sat to 
 Gainsborough for her portrait. Authoress of 
 " Instructions for playing on the Musical 
 Glasses, with a copperplate representing the 
 order and maimer of placing the glasses ; with 
 such directions for performing on them, that 
 any person of a musical turn may learn in a 
 few days, if not in a few hours," London, 1762. 
 
 Forid, David Everard, composer and 
 organist, who flourished during the first half 
 of the present century. He was organist at 
 Lymington, Hants. He wrote " The Rudi- 
 ments of IMusic, etc." n.d., and published 
 " Original Psalm and Hymn Tunes," London, 
 7 books, 1827-36. " Progressive Exercises for 
 the Voice..," 1829. 
 
 Ford, Ernest A. C, composer, born in 
 London, February 17, 1858. Studied at the 
 R.A.M. under Sir Arthur Sullivan (composi- 
 tion), and later at Paris with Edouard Lalo. 
 Was the first Sir John Goss Scholar at R.A.M. 
 {1875), F.R.C.O. the same year, and A. R.A.M., 
 1883. Has acted as accompanist at the 
 Saturday Popular Concerts, and is conductor 
 at the Empire Theatre. He was chosen by 
 Sir Arthur Sullivan to conduct ■' Ivanhoe " 
 on its production, in 1891. 
 
 Works. — Motet, Domine Deus (performed 
 at 250th Anniversary of Harvard Universitv, 
 U.S.A.). 0/jeras; Daniel O'Rouriie (1884); 
 Nydia (Duologue, 1889, libretto by Justin H. 
 McCarthy) ; Joan (Robert Martin, 1890) ; 
 Mr. Jericho (operetta, H. Greenbank, 1893) ; 
 Jane Annie (opera, book by J. M. Barrie and 
 Conan Doyle, produced Savoy Theatre, May 
 13, 1893, and taken on tour in the provinces). 
 ■Cantata, The Eve of the Festa, female voices. 
 Music to the Ballets produced at the Empire 
 Theatre, 1894-5. Album of six songs ; Six 
 two-part songs ; Songs, various, etc. 
 
 Ford, Henry Edmund, organist, born 
 at Warlinghaiu, Surrey. Chorister in Roch- 
 ester Cathedral. Pupil of Ralph Banks, and 
 later his assistant organist. In 1842 appointed 
 
 FORSTER. 
 
 organist of Carlisle Cathedral, a position he 
 still holds. The jubilee of his office as Cathe- 
 dral organist was celebrated by the public 
 presentation of a testimonial at the County 
 Hotel, Carhsle, April 23, 1892. In November, 
 1891, he received the degree of Mus. Doc. 
 from the Archbishop of Canterbury. 
 
 Ford, Thomas, composer, who was born 
 in the latter half of the 16th century [1580] . 
 ]\Iusician in suite of Prince Henry (Son of 
 James I.). Musician to Charles I., on his 
 accession. He died in November, 1648. 
 
 Works. — Musicke of sundrie kindes set 
 forth in two Bookes, the first whereof are 
 Aires for foure Voyces to the lute, orpherion, 
 or basse viol, with a dialogue for two voices 
 and two basse vioUs, in parts tunde the lute- 
 way. The second are Pavans, Galiards, Al- 
 maines Toies, Jiggs, Thumpes, and such like 
 for two base viols the liera-way, so made as 
 the greatest number may serve to play alone, 
 very easy to be performed, 1607. Contribu- 
 tions in Leighton's " Teares." Canons, etc., 
 in Hilton's " Catch that catch can." Ford 
 is now chiefly remembered as the composer of 
 the beautiful madrigal " Since first I saw 
 your face." 
 
 Ford, Thomas, clergyman, author of 
 "Singing of Psalmes the duty of Christians, 
 in V Sermons," London, 1659. 
 
 Forde, William, musician, born 1796, 
 died 1850. Author of " An Essay on the 
 Key in Music, fully illustrated by exam- 
 ples," London, 1841. Encyclopedia of Melody, 
 3050 Airs of all Countries.., 6 vols., n.d. 
 New Pianoforte Primer, London, n.d. New 
 Method of Singing according to the Italian 
 School, 87 exercises, London, n.d. Art of 
 Singing at Sight, London [1840] . Principles 
 of Singing, with practical examples, London 
 [1830] , 7 editions. Master's Class Book on 
 the Scales [1841] . 300 National IMelodies of 
 the British Isles, for pf., 3 vols. [1850]. 
 Irish national quadrilles, etc. 
 
 Formby, Rev. Henry, writer, author 
 of . . . Duties and Privileges of Congrega- 
 tional Singing, Sermon, 1849. The Roman 
 Ritual and its Canto Fermo compared with 
 the w rks of modern music, London, 1849. 
 The Catholic Christian's guide to the right 
 use of Christian Psalmody and the Psalter, 
 London, 1847. Collection of Cath )lic hymns, 
 1853. 
 
 Forster, Simon Andrew, writer and 
 violin maker, was born at London, May 13, 
 1801, died February 2, 1870. He was a violin 
 and violoncello maker in London, and was a 
 member of the celebrated Forster family of 
 violin and double-bass players, of whom 
 William (Brampton, Cumberland, May 4, 
 1739— London, December 14, 1808) ; his son 
 William (London, January 7, 1764 ; June 24, 
 1824) ; and grandson, William (London, 
 
150 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 FORTAY. 
 
 December 14, 1788 ; October 8, 1824), were 
 the principal members. S. A. Porster helped 
 William Sandys with his " History of the 
 Violin," 1864. 
 
 Fortay, James Butler, organist and com- 
 poser, born in Liverpool, October 26, 1856. 
 Studied under D. C. Browne, and G. W. 
 Rohner. Was an organist at an early age, 
 subsequently holding appointments at Em- 
 manuel Church, Everton (1879-91) ; and at 
 St. Michael's-in-the-Hamlet since 1891. Resi- 
 dent in Liverpool as teacher. Since 1891 he 
 has lectured on musical topics annually for 
 the Liverpool Corporation Library and Arts 
 Committee ; and has also lectured in other 
 districts. He has published Hymns of the 
 Church, a collection of original tunes ; and 
 contributed to The Chant Book Companion ; 
 Church of England Hymnal ; Welsh Calvin- 
 istic Methodist Tune ]3ook, etc. ; and is the 
 composer of Night and Morning ; Faithful 
 unto death ; Joy cometh in the morning, and 
 other songs ; pf. XDieces, etc. 
 
 Fortey, Mary Comber, pianist and com- 
 poser. Studied at R.A.M. Married to Sir 
 Julius Benedict ; and in 1886 to Mr. Frank 
 Lawson. Author of " How to teach the piano- 
 forte to young beginners," London, Hughes, 
 1883 ; and comxDoser of Castles in Spain ; 
 Going to Sleep ; Love, the Truant ; and other 
 songs. 
 
 Foster, James, amateur musician, was 
 born at Bristol, September 12, 1807. He was 
 a builder in Bristol. He acted as honorary 
 organist of the Bristol Tabernacle, and 
 assisted Waite with his compilation called 
 "Hillelujah." He died at Bristol, June 7, 
 1885. He composed a number of hymn tunes, 
 among which "Claremont" is perhaps best 
 known. 
 
 Foster, John, musician, of Sheffield, 
 compiler of " Sacred Music, consisting of 
 anthems, psalms and hymns in full orchestral 
 score, with organ or pf. adaptation," York, n.d. 
 Foster, John, alto vocalist, organist, 
 and composer, born at Staines, August, 1827. 
 Pupil of Sir G. Elvey. Organist, St. Andrew's, 
 Wells Street, London, 1847-56. Lay-Vicar of 
 Westminster Abbey since 1856. His glee, 
 " Sweet Queen of Autumn," men's voices, 
 obtained a prize in 1852. In 1865 he pub- 
 lished " Psalms and Hymns, adapted to the 
 Church of England." He also issued " Tunes 
 for the Psalms and Hymns," London, 1864. 
 Choral Harmonist [1872]. etc. 
 
 Foster, Myles Birket, organist and com- 
 poser, born in London, November 29, 1851. 
 Eldest son of Birket Foster, the celebrated 
 artist. Being of a Quaker family his early 
 love of music was not encouraged, and he 
 was placed in a stockbroker's office. This he 
 left in 1871, and studied music under Hamil- 
 ton Clarke, and at R.A.M. under Sullivan, 
 
 FOWLES. 
 
 Prout, and Westlake. He held the post of 
 organist at l>ev. H. R. Haweis' Church, 
 1873-4, and was organist of the Foundling 
 Hospital, 1880-1892. At the present time ho 
 is musical editor to Messrs. Boosey. He was 
 elected an Associate of the Chilharmonic 
 Societyin 1880; A. R.A.M.; and 895,F.R.A.M. 
 Travelling PJxarainer for T.C., London, in 
 which capacity he visited Australia and New 
 Zealand in 1895. 
 
 Works. — Eve ing service in C (male voices) ; 
 in A, Sons of the Clergy Festival, 1883; Com- 
 munion service in B flat ; Anthems, etc. 
 Cantatas for Children: Cinderella; Lamp- 
 black ; Beauty and the beast; The Angels of 
 the bells; The bouiiie fishwife; The snow 
 fairies; and The coming of the King. Songs: 
 The children's Christmas; A day in a child's 
 life; Six two-part songs ; a second set ; Songs 
 and part-songs. Instrumental compositions 
 in MS. : Symphony in F sharp minor, " Isle 
 of Arran " ; Oveitures ; String quartet, pf. 
 trio, etc. 
 
 Foster, William Martin, composer and 
 conductor, born in London about 1834. He 
 acted as bandmaster of the 9th regiment, and 
 was afterwards in the orchestras of Drury 
 Lane Theatre and the Crystal Palace. He 
 became leader of the orchestra of the Glasgow 
 Theatre Royal about 1870. He died at New- 
 castle-on-Tyne, December 18, 1872. He com- 
 posed incidental music to various plays, but 
 is best known for his overture to the play of 
 " Rob Roy," based on Scott's novel. 
 
 Fowie, Thomas Lloyd, organist, writer 
 and editor, born at Amesbury, Wilts, October 
 16, 1827. His father was a clergj'man, a 
 prebendary of Salisbury. Self-taught in 
 music, he acted for some years as organist at 
 his father's church, Amesbury, and later at 
 Crawley, Sussex. From 1856 to recent times 
 he has been engaged as editor and publisher. 
 He is Ph. Doc. of Giessen. He has published 
 4 vols, of anthems ; 5 cantatas ; 4 vols, of 
 organ voluntaries ; 12 marches for special 
 seasons ; The Church Tune Book ; 2 Services, 
 and numerous other musical works. Handel, 
 a memoir ; Charles Dickens, a memoir ; 
 Gentle Edith, a novel, and miscellaneous 
 writings. 
 
 Fowler, Chas., pianist, studied under Sir 
 W. Sterndale Bennett, at the Royal Academy 
 of Music, and was appointed a Professor 
 there in 1885. At Torquay, where he resided, 
 he was in high repute as a teacher, and gave 
 frequent concerts. His compositions include 
 a Sonata for pianoforte and violin, a Sonata 
 Trio, for voice, violin, and pianoforte, and a 
 Sonata Concertante for four violins. He was 
 also the author of several humorous sketches, 
 which were received with favour. He died at 
 Torquay, in May, 1891. 
 
 Fowles, Ernest, pianist and composer, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 151 
 
 FOWLES. 
 
 boru at Portsmouth, April 27, 1864. Gained 
 the Chappell Scholarship at the National 
 Training School for Music, in 1876, and studied 
 there for six years. In 1884 he entered the 
 B.A.M., studying composition under Sir G. A. 
 Macfarren, distinguishing himself at the 
 Academy Concerts, producing several pf . com- 
 positions in the larger forms, and being elected 
 an Associate. From 1887 he has given annual 
 concerts in the Prince's Hall, and, October 29, 
 1894, began a series of Concerts of British 
 Chamber Music, introducing important works 
 by Algernon Ashton, J. C. Ames, Walford 
 Davies, and other young writers, besides 
 works by Hubert Parry, Villiers Stanford, 
 Swinnerton Heap, among more widely known 
 composers. His own compositions comprise 
 a Quartet for strings ; A Trio in D, for pf . and 
 strings ; Two Sonatas, and other pieces for pf. 
 
 Fowles, Margaret F., pianist, organist, 
 and conductor, born at Hyde, Isle-of-Wight, 
 daughter of an artist. Studied pf. harmony 
 and counterpoint under Chalmers Masters ; 
 organ under Dr. Hopkins ; and voice produc- 
 tion and singing under Emil Behnke, Alberto 
 Randegger, and W. Shakespeare. At the age 
 of fifteen she was appointed organist of St. 
 James's, Ryde ; and in 1878, organist and 
 choir director at St. Michael and All Angels, 
 which office she retains. In 1874 she founded 
 the Ryde Choral Union, the concerts of which 
 she conducted for twenty years, retiring in 
 December, 1894. From the first concert, 
 April 6, 1875, to the close of her official con- 
 nection with the Society, Miss Fowles has 
 produced naany oratorios and other important 
 works, and has done great service in the cause 
 of music. She is the composer of a number 
 of anthems, and hymn tunes, also of several 
 songs. 
 
 Fox, Albert H., pianist, composer, and 
 conductor, born at Dulwich. Studied at 
 R.A.INI., pf. under Walter Macfarren, com- 
 position under F. W. Davenport. Hine Ex- 
 hibitioner, 1883 ; Balfe Scholar, 1884 ; Stern- 
 dale Bennett Scholar, and Heathcote Long 
 Prize winner, 1886. A.R.A.M., 1890. He is 
 musical director at the Royalty Theatre, 
 London. His compositions include an opera, 
 operettas; music to " Merrj- Monte Carlo," 
 1895; Romance for orchestra, 1893; March 
 for band of harps, 1888 ; pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Fox, Arthur, pupil and .Associate, R.A.M., 
 is choirmaster at Christ's Hospital, and a 
 tenor vocalist. He has published an Album 
 of eight songs. 
 
 Fox, George, composer and baritone voca- 
 ist. Sang at the Crystal Palace, March, 
 1876 ; on tour with Pyatt's operatic company 
 in 1879 ; in Italian opera, at Her Majesty's, 
 in October, 1880 ; and with the Royal English 
 Opera Company, in the provinces, 1888. He 
 is the composer of a number of comic can- 
 
 FREEMANTLE. 
 
 tatas and operettas, some of which have 
 gained much popularity. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas: Thejackdawof Rheims; 
 The babes in the wood ; The fair luiogene 
 1880 ; Lord Lovel ; Winifred Price, 1882 
 Gabriel Grub (adapted from "Pickwick") 
 1882 ; John Gilpin ; Hamilton Tighe, 1884 
 The messenger dove. Comedies and operas : 
 The captain of the guard, 1882 ; Welcome 
 home, 1885 ; Robert Macaire, 1887 ; The Cor- 
 sican brothers, 1888 ; Nydia (from Bulwer- 
 Lytton's "Last Days of Pompeii"), 1892. 
 The last three were produced at the Crystal 
 Palace. Songs : Grandmamma's jokes for 
 little folks; Songs for little singers, etc. 
 
 Francis, Thomas, alto singer and com- 
 poser, was boru in 1812. He was a vicar- 
 choral of St. Paul's Cathedral, London. He 
 died at Hackney, London, September 2, 1887. 
 Composer of glees and other vocal music. 
 
 Fraser, John, author and musician, was 
 born at Johnstone, Renfrewshire, about 1794, 
 and died there on March 3, 1879. He was at 
 one time well known in Scotland for the 
 series of lectures and concerts he gave in 
 conjunction with various members of his 
 family, chiefly illustrative of Scots national 
 music. He edited for a time a chartist news- 
 paper called " Tlie True Scotsman." His 
 youngest son, James Roy Eraser, was born 
 at Johnstone. September 21, 1832, and since 
 1865 has resided in Paisley as a music-seller 
 and teacher. Since 1875 he has been organist 
 of the ]\Iid Church, Paisley. He was one of 
 the organisers and conductors of the Tannahill 
 concerts on Gleniffer Braes, which jjroduced 
 the funds which were applied to the erection 
 of a statue of that poet at Paisley. Mr. 
 Fraser composed a cantata, "The Cottar's 
 Saturday Night," and several songs. 
 
 Fraser, Captain Simon, collector and 
 violinist, born at Ardachie, Inverness, in 1773 ; 
 and died in 1852. Published " The Airs and 
 Melodies peculiar to the Highlands of Scot- 
 land and the Isles, with a plain harmony for 
 the pianoforte, harp, organ, or violoncello, 
 acquired 1715-45," Edinburgh, 1815. Another 
 edition, 1874 ; also 1884. A valuable and 
 scarce collect'ou, containing a number of reels 
 and strathspeys by Fraser himself. He also 
 issued " Thirty Highland airs, strathspeys, 
 etc. Selected and composed by Mr. S. F . . r." 
 n.d. 
 
 Fredericks, Charles Wigg, tenor voca- 
 list, vicar-choral, Lichfield Cathedral, is a 
 well-known concert singer in tlie IMidlands 
 and the North. He has sung at the Crystal 
 Palace ; at M. Gounod's Trocadero Concerts, 
 Paris, 1884 ; and at St. James's Hall, Lon- 
 don ; also at the Hereford Festival of 1891, 
 of which Cathedral choir he was formerly a 
 member. 
 Freemantle, George, organist and musical 
 
152 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 FRENCH. 
 
 critic, born at Ely, April 23, 1833. His 
 father, about 1838, was apj^ointed to the choir 
 of Durham Cathedral, and in due time the 
 son became a chorister there, and pupil of Dr. 
 William Henshavv, the Cathedral organist. 
 In the autumn of 1853, he gained the post of 
 organist and teacher of music at the Blind 
 Asylum, Manchester, and later held various 
 positions in that city. He gave up music for 
 a business life, but accepted the oftice of 
 musical critic to the Manchester Guardian, 
 which he held for thirty years. When the 
 Carl Rosa Opera Company was re-organised 
 he became one of the directors. He died at 
 Ardwick, Manchester, May 31, 1894. His 
 brother, William ThomasFreema\tle, many 
 years his junior, was assistant organist of 
 Lincoln Cathedral, and in 1871 appointed 
 organist of Sharrow Church, Sheffield. He 
 published in 1876-7, "A Collection of Kyries, 
 Glorias, Chants, etc., by various Composers," 
 in 8 books (Novello). 
 
 French, John, violinist and composer, of 
 Ayr, in Scotland, who flourished in the latter 
 part of last century. Composer of " A Col- 
 lection of new strathspey reels, etc., dedicated 
 to Mrs. Boswell of Auchinleck," Edinburgh, 
 n.d. 
 
 Frere, Walter, composer of present time. 
 He has published five songs for baritone ; 
 Three Italian songs ; Six songs (Herrick's 
 " Hesperides "), etc. 
 
 Frere, Rev. Walter Howard, amateur 
 musician and author. Educated at Cam- 
 bridge ; graduated INI.A. ; ordained in 1887. 
 Curate of St. Dunstan, Stepney, 1887-92. 
 His works include the Order of the Holy 
 Communion for men's voices ; Memorials of 
 Stepney Parish, 1891 ; The Marian Reaction 
 in its relation to the English Clergy, S.P.C.K., 
 1897. Editor of " Eighteen well-known hymn 
 tunes, as set in Ravenscroft's Psalter (1621)," 
 London [1888] . Graduale Sarisburiense, 
 1894. Bibliotheca Musico-Liturgica, a de- 
 scriptive hand-list of the musical and latin 
 liturgical MSS. of the middle ages, London. 
 The Sarum Gradual and the Gregorian Anti- 
 phonale Missarum : a Dissertation and an 
 Historical Index, London, Quaritch, 1896. 
 
 Frewer, Frank, organist of St. James', 
 Garlick Hithe. Is author of a Collection of 
 hymn tunes, chants, and kyries, London, 
 Salter, 1886; also composer of songs, a scherzo 
 for pf. and violin, etc. 
 
 Frewin, Tom Harrison, violinist and 
 composer. Educated at R.A.M. ; Balfe 
 Scholar, 1885. He has composed a Mass, 
 performed, 1896 ; Orchestral pieces : " The 
 Battle of the Flowers," 1895 ; Ballad, Mazeppa, 
 1896, both performed at the Queen's Hall 
 Concerts. Also pieces for violin and pf., etc. 
 
 Frickenhaus, Fanny, bom Evaks, pian- 
 ist, born at Cheltenham, June 7, 1849. She 
 
 FRITH. 
 
 studied under George Mount, and later at the 
 Brussels Conservatoire, under AugusteDupont, 
 also with Wm. Bohrer. She first came prom- 
 inently before the public, January 11, 1879, 
 at one of the Saturday Evening Concerts, 
 started in St. James's Hall, in November, 
 1878, Her success was immediate, and she 
 was engaged for the rest of the series. She 
 gave a recital in the concert room of the 
 R.A.M., March 31, 1880 ; appeared at the 
 Crystal Palace, November 20 ; and a week 
 later played for the first time in London the 
 pianoforte concerto of Goetz, at Cowen's 
 Saturday Concerts. Her first appearance at 
 the Popular Concerts was on Saturday; Jan- 
 uary 27, 1883, and at the Philharmonic, 
 March 4, 1886. From 1884, in conjunction 
 with Joseph Ludwig, she has given chamber 
 concerts at the Prince's Hall, introducing 
 important novelties ; and has been heard at 
 the best concerts in Birmingham and other 
 places, ranking among the leading pianists of 
 the day. 
 
 Frias, Duchess de, see Balfe (Vic- 
 toire). 
 
 Fricker, Anne, or Mogford, song- 
 writer and poetess, who was born about 1820. 
 Married Mr. Mogford. First song published, 
 1839. 
 
 Works. — Songs : A harvest hymn ; Angel 
 of peace ; Autumn breezes ; Consolation ; 
 Dear voices of home ; Dinna ye hear ? ; 
 Distant bells ; Fading away ; The fancy fair ; 
 Faithless swallow ; Flow, gentle river ; Foot- 
 prints in the snow ; Gentle Clare ; Gentle 
 Shepherd ; Heart of hearts ; Hesperus ; I cried 
 unto Thee ; I stood beneath the chestnut 
 trees ; Marguerite ; Memory's tears ; Night- 
 ingale ; The old man's home ; Oh, weary eyes ; 
 Phillis, fair; Regret ; Robin; Ruth's gleaning 
 song; She is not mine; Softly at thy window ; 
 Sunshine ; Sweet queen of hearts ; Thirty 
 years ago ; To Thee alone ; Village bells ; 
 When Celia sings ; When thou art nigh ; You 
 ask me for a song. Pf. music, etc. 
 
 Fripp, Edward Bowles, amateur or- 
 ganist and composer, born at Kingsdown, 
 Bristol, January 29, 1787. He held the 
 appointment of honorary organist successively 
 at St. James' Church, Bristol; Westbury, 
 Gloucestershire ; and Hutton, near Weston- 
 super-Mare. He died at Teignmouth, Sept. 1, 
 1870. He edited " Selection of Psalms and 
 Hymns, adapted in portions for every Sunday 
 and Festival of the Church of England " (1850); 
 " ( hurch Psalmody, a collection of tunes 
 harmonised for four voices . " He also com- 
 posed much music for the church service, 
 including tlie hymn tune '• Charmouth." 
 
 Frith, John, organist and composer of 
 early part of the 17th century. He was 
 organist of St. John's College, Oxford, and 
 graduated Mus. Bac. in 1626. He died in 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 163 
 
 FROST. 
 
 1644. Composer of a degree exercise in seven 
 parts and of other music. 
 
 Frost, Charles Joseph, organist and 
 composer, born at Westbury-on-Trym, June 
 20, 1848. His father moved soon after to 
 Tewkesbury, where he was schoolmaster and 
 organist of Trinity Church. The son when 
 •quite a child played the pianoforte, organ, 
 violin, and violoncello, and was soon actively 
 engaged in concert work. His first organ 
 appointment was at St. James', Cheltenham, 
 1865, from whence he returned to Westbury, 
 as organist of Holy Trinity. During this time 
 he made periodic visits to Loudon, studying 
 under George Cooper, John Goss, and others. 
 He was next appointed to Holy Trinity, 
 Weston-super-Mare, 1869 ; Holy Trinity, Lee, 
 1873 ; St. Mary, Haggerstone, 1876 ; Christ 
 Church, Newgate Street, London, 1880; and 
 since 1884 has been organist at St. Peter's, 
 Brockley. He started a choral society there 
 in 1885, and has given important concerts. 
 In 1872 he was made F.C.O. ; graduated 
 Mus. B., 1877 ; Mus. D., 1882, Cambridge. 
 He has been, since 1880, a professor of the 
 organ at the Guildhall School of ]\Iusic ; is 
 head of the IMusic Section in the Goldsmith's 
 Institute, New Cross ; has given recitals at 
 the Bow and Bromley Instute, and elsewhere. 
 He is an examiner for the College of Organists, 
 and I.S.jNL, has lectured in many places, and 
 contributed a number of articles to Musical 
 Opinion, and other papers. Of his voluminous 
 compositions only a selection can be named 
 Works.— Oratorios, Nathan's Parable, 1878; 
 Harvest Cantata, 1880 (both in MS.); P.salms 
 '92 and 137, for soli, chorus, and organ ; Fes- 
 tival Te Deum ; services, anthems, hymn- 
 tunes, and chants. Secular choral works : 
 Lollipop Dick ; King John and the Abbot of 
 Canterbury ; Sing a Song of Sixpence ; The 
 Gipsies; The Bell, and others. Songs: The 
 Strawberry Girl, Paradise, and others ; Part- 
 songs. Symphony for orchestra (MS.). Organ: 
 Collection of organ pieces ; 55 hymn-tune 
 voluntaries ; Sonata in A ; Forty preludes, 
 1880 ; 27 original pieces, &c. Two sets of six 
 original pieces for harmonium ; Bouquet of 
 Flowers, 24 pieces ; Seven sonatinas, &c., 
 ior pf. 
 
 Frost, Henry Frederick, organist and 
 musical critic, born in London, March 15, 
 1848, son of Thomas Frost (a well-known 
 bass vocalist, died 1884), and Eliza, his wife 
 ^contralto, born Bedford). In 1856, he was 
 appointed a chorister at St. George's Chapel, 
 Windsor, where he soon became solo boy, and 
 head of the school. He frequently sang in 
 private before the Queen, and assisted at all 
 the Royal functions there, to the wedding of 
 the Prince of Wales, in 1863. In 1865, began 
 the study of the organ under Sebastian Hart, 
 of St. Peter's, Great Windmill Street, Lon- 
 
 FRYE. 
 
 don ; became his assistant three weeks later; 
 and in December of the same year gained the 
 post of organist, after competition, at the 
 Chapel Royal, Savoy. Began his work as a 
 critic in 1874, on the Weekly Despatch, being 
 among the earliest champions of Wagner. In 
 1877, was associated with E. Prout on The 
 Academy, and later on Tlie Athenceum, taking 
 the whole duty on this paper in 1888, and 
 succeeding the last Desmond L. Ryan on the 
 Standard, the same year. Professor of har- 
 mony and sight-singing, Madame Dolby's 
 Academy, and professor of pf. at Guildhall 
 School of Music, 1880. Resigned these posts 
 in 1888, and his position at the Savoy Chapel 
 Royal, 1891. Author of "Schubert," Great 
 Musicians Series, Sampson Low, London, 
 1881. Lecturer on Wagner's Art works, at 
 the Musical Association ; London Wagner 
 Society, etc. Composer of Savoy Hymn-tunes 
 and Chants, London, Novello. His daughter, 
 Beatrice Frost, soprano vocalist, studied 
 under her father, and Hermann Klein, at 
 the Guildhall School of Music, gaining the 
 prize for soprano, 1895. Made her dehut at 
 St. James' Hall, April 4, 1895 ; and gave her 
 first concert at Steinway Hall, December 15, 
 1896. She has appeared at other concerts, 
 and is gaining a good position. 
 
 Frost, William Alfred, alto vocalist, 
 composer, and teacher, brother of the fore- 
 going, born in London, November 7, 1850. 
 Chorister at St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 
 1859-66. Returning to London in 1869, he 
 was engaged as an alto in the choir of Arch- 
 bishop Tenison's Chapel (afterwards conse- 
 crated as St. Thomas', Regent Street) ; in 
 1870, at St. Andrew's, Wells Street ; and in 
 1872, at All Saints', Margaret Street. He 
 was then elected assistant vicar-choral at St. 
 Paul's Cathedral, entering upon his duties, 
 March, 1878. Appointed professor of pf. and 
 assistant singing master in the Choir School, 
 1888, and succeeding the late W. A. Barrett 
 as vicar-choral in 1891. Became general sec- 
 retary of the Choir Benevolent Fund, 1889. 
 As a teacher he has been si3ecially successful 
 in training altos. His compositions embrace 
 a complete morning, communion, and evening 
 service, for men's voices, written for St. Paul's 
 Cathedral at the request of the then organist, 
 (Sir) John Stainer ; an anthem, "I will go 
 unto the Altar of God"; Songs, and part- 
 songs. Author of an historical essay, " Good 
 Friday and Easter Eve Communion, from 
 the Days of the Apostles to the present time." 
 
 Frost, William Lane, organist and com- 
 poser. He has written an opera, "Fred"; 
 Cantatas, "Maldwyn the Crusader," produced 
 Forest Hill, April, 1885, and " Lord of the 
 Harvest." Pieces for pf., etc. 
 
 Frye, John Thomas, organist, was born 
 in 1812. When only eight years old he was 
 
154 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 FRYER. 
 
 appointed organist of St. Mary's Church, 
 Saffron Walden, a post he held for 64 years, 
 from 1820 to 1884, He died at Saffron Wal- 
 den, October 23, 1887. 
 
 Fryer, Q., compiler, issued " Tlie poetry 
 of various glees, songs, etc., as performed at 
 the Harmouisto," London, 1798. 
 
 Fulcher, John, musician and editor, 
 born at London, August 18, 1830. He studied 
 under Meyer Lutz and Alfred Mullen, and in 
 1855 settled in Glasgow as a teacher, where 
 he held the appointment of choirmaster in 
 Glasgow Cathedral, from 1868 to 1879. He 
 died at Glasgow, July 10, 1893. Editor of 
 " Lays and Lyrics of Scotland," with a His- 
 torical Epitome of Scottish Song by James 
 Ballantine, etc., London, n.d. [1870] . So')i(/s : 
 Afton Water ; Bonnie, bonnie Bell ; Hurrah 
 for the Highlands ; Where hath Scotland 
 found her fame ? Transcriptions, etc., for pf. 
 Part-songs (arrangements) ; Beauties of Scot- 
 tish Song (with T. S. Gleadhill and Thomson). 
 The accompaniments and arrangements of 
 the Scottish songs in his collections are much 
 richer than those written by Surenne, Dun, 
 Mudie, and others, and are accordingly more 
 acceptable to modern taste. His son, Henry 
 Macleod Fulcher, born at Glasgow, in 
 January, 1856, is an organist and composer 
 of ability, who has written some effective 
 pianoforte nausic. 
 
 Fuller=Maitland, see Maitland, J. A. 
 
 FULLER- 
 
 Fussell, Peter, or Fussel, organist, born 
 about 1750. Succeeded James Kent as organ- 
 ist of Winchester Cathedral, in 1774, holding 
 that appointment until his death, Jixly, 1802. 
 Taught Charles Dibdin, the elder, his notes, 
 and trained other musicians who afterwards 
 attained good positions. 
 
 Fyfe William, Wallace, Scottish writer, 
 author of "Christmas, its customs and carols, 
 with compressed vocal score of select choral 
 illustrations," London [I860]; and various 
 poetical and other works. 
 
 Gabriel, Mary Ann Virginia, composer, 
 was born at Banstead, Surrey, February 7, 
 1825. She studied music under Pixis, Dohler, 
 Thalberg, and Molique. ]\Iarried to George 
 E. March, November, 1874. She died at 
 London, August 7, 1877, from the effects of a 
 carriage accident. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : Evangeline (Long- 
 fellow) ; Dreamland ; Graziella. Operettas : 
 Widows Bewitched ; Grass Widows ; Shepherd 
 of Cornouailles ; Who's the Heir ? ; A Rainy 
 Day. Songs : A farewell ; Ariel ; At her 
 wheel the maiden sitting ; Across the sea ; 
 Alone ; At rest ; A dead past ; A fisher's wife ; 
 Alone in the twilight ; A mother's song ; Ar- 
 den towers ; Asleep ; A song in the heather ; 
 At my feet ; At the window ; Beryl ; Beside 
 
 GAFFE. 
 
 the sea ; Brighter hours ; Bye and bye ; 
 Change upon change ; Chattering ; Calling 
 the roll ; Corra Linn ; Dawn ; Dawn of Spring- 
 tide ; Day is dying ; Dream, baby, dream ; 
 Echo ; Eight fishers of Calais ; Emerald ; 
 Fisherman's Widow ; Golden wedding day ; 
 Happy days ; His work is done ; He will not 
 come ; Hopeless ; In the gloaming ; Lady 
 Moon ; Lost love ; Little blossom ; Little 
 flowers ; Light in the window ; Lady of Kie- 
 nast Tower ; Mountain echo ; My love ; 
 Nightfall at sea ; Only at home ; Oh ! spare 
 my boy at sea ; Only ; The Opal ring; Pearl; 
 The Prodigal son ; Prisoner and the linnet ; 
 Ruby ; Remembered ; -Sweet seventeen ; 
 Shadow light ; Somebody's darling ; Sacred 
 vows ; Servian ballad ; Skipper and his boy ; 
 The surprise ; Three roses ; Tender and true ; 
 The ring ; Under the palm ; Wake my beloved ; 
 Work ; Weep not for me ; When the pale 
 moon; Weary; When sparrows build. Part- 
 songs, pianoforte pieces, etc. 
 
 Gadsby, Henry Robert, composer, born 
 at Hackney, London, December 15, 1842. 
 Chorister at St. Paul's Cathedral, 1849-58, 
 and self-taught in music beyond the instruc- 
 tioti he then received from William Hayiey, 
 master of the boys. He was organist of St. 
 Peter's, Brockley, Surrey, for some time up 
 to 1884, in which year he succeeded John 
 HuUah as professor of harmony at Queen's 
 College, London, He is also a professor at 
 the Guildhall School of Music. Member of 
 the Philharnronic Society, and hon. P.R.C.O. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 130. Cantatas: Alice 
 Brand, 1870; The Lord of the isles, Biightoii 
 Festival, 1879; Columbus (male voices). Cry- 
 stal Palace, March, 1881 ; The Cyclops (male 
 voices). Queen's College, Oxford, May, 1890 ; 
 Music to Alcestis, 1876 ; to Andromache. 
 Festival service in D, for eight voices ; Service 
 in C, and others. Anthems: He is risen; 
 Rejoice greatly ; Sing, daughter of Zion, 
 etc. Part-songs. Orchestral : Symphonies- 
 in A, and C, movements from one performed 
 at the Crystal Palace, February, 1871 ; Festal 
 Symphony in D, Crystal Palace, November 
 3, 1888; Intermezzo and Scherzo, composed 
 for the British Orchestral Society, produced, 
 April 21, 1875. Overtures : Andromeda ; 
 Golden Legend ; Witches Frolic. Orchestral 
 scene. The Forest of Ardeii, produced by the 
 Philharmonic Society, ]\Iarch 4, 1886 String 
 quartet; Andante and rondo, flute and pf. 
 Author of Supplemental Book of Exercises 
 for the use of those learning to sing at sight. 
 Harmony, a treatise, and harmonisation of 
 given melodies, London, 1884. 
 
 Gaffe, George, organist and conductor, 
 born at Cawston, Norfolk, July 27, 1849. 
 Chorister, Norwich Cathedral, at the age of 
 nine, afterwards articled to Dr. Buck for 
 seven years. In 1874 he was appointed 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 155 
 
 GALE. 
 
 organist of Oswestry Parish Church. While 
 there he was associated with the late Henry 
 Leslie in founding a Music school, and estab- 
 lishing a Choral Society, which afterwards 
 figured in the Musical Festivals of that town. 
 In 1880 he was appointed to St. Alban's 
 Cathedral. He has given performances of 
 oratorios in the Cathedral, and been active 
 in promoting the cause of music, founding, 
 in 1887, a School of ^Music, which is success- 
 fully carried on. He is a Fellow and Mem- 
 ber of the Council of ihe Koyal College of 
 Organists. 
 
 Gale, Robert, musician, was born at Lon- 
 don, August 4, 1769. He was for a time a 
 tuner in the service of IMessrs. Broadwood, 
 .and afterwards he became a musi<; teacher in 
 Edinburgh. Finally he settled in Ayr, where 
 he held the appointments of precentor in the 
 Relief Church, and afterwards in the Old 
 Established Church, till 1843. He died at 
 Glasgow in May, 1845. 
 
 He compiled "Psalm and Hymn Tunes, 
 selected from the most approved composers 
 ... to which is prefixed a clear and easy 
 method of initiating the scholar in the rudi- 
 ments of Music," Edinburgh, 1824-1840, three 
 editions. He also composed the songs, " Scot- 
 land, I've no friend but thee," and " The 
 Maid of Elderslie." He was an enthusiastic 
 musician, and formed a small circle of equally 
 earnest musicians, who all helped to improve 
 psalmody in Ayrshire. 
 
 Gall, Rev. James, musician and clergy- 
 man, born at Edinburgh, September 27, 1808. 
 He devoted much of his life to the Sunday 
 School movement, and published a number 
 of cheap musical works through the firm of 
 James Gall & Sons, afterwards Gall and 
 Inglis, of which he was a member. These 
 comprised " Children's Hymn Books," " Scot- 
 tish Psalm Tune Book," " English Hymn 
 Tune Book," etc. He invented a cheap pro- 
 cess of music printing which greatly facilitated 
 his work. He also composed some hymn 
 tunes. 
 
 Gamble, John, violinist and composer of 
 17th century. He studied under A. Beyland, 
 and became a violinist in the private band of 
 Charles II., etc. He died in 1657. He com- 
 posed " Ay res and Dialogues," 1657. "Ayres 
 and Dialogues for one, two, and three voyces," 
 1659. 
 
 Gandsey, John, a celebrated Irish piper, 
 who was born in 1768, and died in 1857. 
 
 Gardiner, William, musician and writer, 
 born at Leicester, March 15, 1770. He 
 travelled much on the Continent. Died at 
 Leicester, November 16, 1853. 
 
 Works. — Sacred Melodies, from Haydn, 
 Mozart, and Beethoven, 6 vols., London, 
 1812, etc. Judah, an oratorio, adapted from 
 the works of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. 
 
 GARLAND. 
 
 Pope's "Universal Prayer" set to music by 
 Haydn, INIozart, and Beethoven. The Music 
 of Nature ; or, an attempt to prove that what 
 is passionate and pleasing in the art of 
 singing, speaking, and performing upon 
 Musical Instruments, is derived from the 
 sounds of the animated world. ..London, 1832. 
 American reprint, Ditsoti, t-Joston, n d. Music 
 and friends ; or, pleasant recollections of a 
 Dilettante. London, 3 vols., 1838-1853. 
 Siglits in Italy ; with some account of the 
 present state of music and the sister arts in 
 that country. London, 1847. 
 
 Gardiner composed some songs under tlie 
 pen name of W. G. Leicester. He is chiefly 
 to be remembered as tlie autlior of " The 
 j\Iusic of Nature," a work which contains 
 much useful infurmation and curious and 
 occasionally eccentric speculations. 
 
 Gardner, Charles Graham, organist 
 and pianist, born at Rotherliithe, Surrey, 
 February 14, 1808. Studied under J. B. 
 Cramer, Moscheles, W. Horsley, and Samuel 
 Wesley. He was highly esteemed as a teacher, 
 and numbered among his pupils H.R.H. 
 Prince Arthur, The Duke of Connaught, who 
 received lessons from him during the seven 
 years he was studying in Woolwich. He was 
 orginist of St. Margaret's Cliurch, Lee, for 
 36 years, and after his death, which took 
 place October 31, 1869, the parishioners, by 
 whom he was held in great esteem, erected a 
 monumi nt to his memory. 
 
 Gardner, Charles, pianist and composer, 
 son of above, was born at Greenwich, April 1, 
 1836. He received his first instruction in 
 music from his father, afterwards studying 
 under Oliver May and Ernest Pauer (piano- 
 forte), and J. McMurdie and G. A. Macfarren 
 (composition). When the church of St. 
 Michael and All Angels, Paddington, was 
 consecrated, Charles Gardner was appointed 
 organist and choirmaster, an office he held 
 for some years, but he has for a long tinie 
 given up organ work. For many years his 
 Musical Matinees have been a feature of the 
 London season. He is a member of the 
 Philharmonic Society, and has since 1884 
 continuously held the office of a Director; 
 also professor of the pianoforte at the Guild- 
 hall School of Music, and L.R.A.M. 
 
 Works. — Trio for pf. and strings ; Sonata 
 in A. Suite for pf., op. 40; Suite in five 
 movements, op. 50., pf., and many smaller 
 pieces. Educational publications : Technical 
 Exercises for pf. students ; Diatonic and 
 Chromatic •^ cales, with rules of fingering; 
 Arpeggios of the Common Chord, and Domi- 
 nant and Diminished Sevenths, &c. 
 
 Garland, Thomas, organist of latter half 
 of 18th, and beginning of present centuries. 
 He was organist of Norwich Cathedral till 
 1808, the year of his death. Chiefly remark- 
 
156 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 GARLAND. 
 
 able as the teacher of several musicians who 
 have attained fame. 
 
 Garland, William Henry, organist and 
 conductor, born at York, in June, 1852. In 
 his eighth year was placed as a chorister in 
 the Minster, where he was distinguished as a 
 solo boy. He was then articled to Dr. Monk. 
 In 1878 he took the Mus. Bac. degree at 
 Oxford, and m 1882 passed the examination 
 for F.C.O. His first organ appointment was 
 at St. Paul's Church, Rome, whither he went 
 on the expiration of his articles. Here he 
 remained for three years, when ill-health 
 compelled his return to England. He next 
 held the post of organist at Reading Parish 
 Church for three years, and after a year's 
 work as acting organist and choirmaster at 
 York Minster (during Dr. Monk's absence 
 through illness), was appointed to Halifax 
 Parish Church in 1884. In 1886 he was 
 elected conductor of the Halifax Choral 
 Society, one famous in local musical history, 
 established early in the century, and now 
 flourishing. Six years later he received a 
 similar appointment to the Bradford Festival 
 Choral Society, and was divisional chorus 
 master for the Leeds Musical Festival since 
 1892. He died at Halifax, February 13, 1897. 
 His Degree Exercise was asettingof Psalm 23, 
 and he published some Church music. His 
 brother, Charles T. Garland, was a choris- 
 ter, and afterwards a bass singer in the choir 
 of York Minster. In 1874 he was appointed 
 to Magdalen College, Oxford, where he is now 
 the senior lay-clerk. He is also music-master 
 at the College School. 
 
 Qarrett, George Mursell, composer and 
 organist, born at Winchester, June 8, 1834. 
 Son of WilliaiTi Garrett, master of the choris- 
 ters, Winchester Cathedral. Chorister of New 
 College, Oxford, and pupil of Dr. Stephen 
 Elvey. Studied later under S. S. Wesley. 
 Assistant organist, Winchester Cathedral, 
 1851-4 ; organist of Madras Cathedral, 1854-6; 
 of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1857 ; and 
 organist to the University in 1873. Gradua- 
 ted Mus. Bac, 1857; Mus. Doc, 1867, Cam- 
 bridge ; and, by grace of the Senate, received 
 the degree of M.A. propter merita, 1878. 
 F.R.C.O. University lecturer in harmony 
 and counterpoint, 1883. Examiner in Music 
 for the University of Cambridge, for the Irish 
 Intermediate Education Board, and other 
 institutions. Conductor of St. John's College 
 Musical Society, and solo pianist at its con- 
 certs, 1876, etc. Member of the Philharmonic 
 Society. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, The Shunammite, pro- 
 duced by the Cambridge University Musical 
 Society, June 13, 1882, and given at the 
 Hereford Festival of 1882. Cantatas : The 
 Deliverance of St. Peter ; Prayer and praise ; 
 Harvest Cantata ; The Two Advents, com- 
 
 GASKELL. 
 
 posed for a choir festival, New York ; Secular 
 cantata. The Triumph of Love, produced by 
 the Cambridge University Musical Society. 
 Church Services in D, F, E flat, and E ; 
 Evening Service in B flat, written for St. 
 James's Choir Festival, New York, and others. 
 Anthems : Psalm 43 ; In humble faith and 
 holy love ; Praise ye the Lord (Harvest) ; 
 Thy mercy, O Lord, written for the Festival 
 of the London Church Choir Association, St. 
 Paul's Cathedral, November 16, 1893, and 
 various others. Chants, old and new, selected 
 and arranged in order of daily use for one 
 calendar month, with special chants for the 
 Venite and Proper Psalms. Part-songs, songs, 
 organ pieces, etc. 
 
 Qarrow, Mrs., nee sub Abrams, Harriet. 
 
 Garth, John, organist and composer, born 
 at Durham, 1722. He died in 1810. He 
 published " The First Fifty Psalms, set to 
 music by Benedetto Marcello," London, 8 vols., 
 1757. He also wrote much instrumental 
 music, among other works, " Six sonatas for 
 th ' harpsichord, two violins, and violoncello," 
 op. 2, 1768. Six organ voluntaries, op. 3 [1780]. 
 Thirty collects set to music, London, 1794. 
 Avison aide 1 Garth with the editing of Mar- 
 cello's psalms. 
 
 Garth, Richard Machill, organist and 
 composer, born at Pudsey, near Leeds, 
 October 15, 1860. Educated at Batley Gram- 
 mar School, and chorister at the Parish 
 Church. Pupil of the late James Broughton, 
 Leeds, for pianoforte ; also studied under 
 J. H. Collinson, Gustav Schreck, and others. 
 After holding several appointments he 
 became assistant organist of St. IMary's 
 Cathedral, Edinburgh, 1882, later under- 
 taking the duties of private organist to, 
 among others, Sir Michael Shaw Stewart, 
 of Ardgowan. Organist of Clark Memorial 
 Church, Largs, 1893; Choirmasier St. Col- 
 umba's Episcopal Church, Largs, at present 
 time. Conductor of Unitf d Choir, Cumbrae, 
 and, 1888, of the Greenock Choral Society. 
 Elected a Fellow of the Educational Institute 
 of Scotland, 1885. Has given organ recitals 
 in London (" Inventions," 1885), Edinburgh, 
 Glasgow, and Paris. 
 
 Works. — Ezekiel, dramatic oratorio, 1888; 
 Choral ballads — Charge of the Light Brigade, 
 1889; Wild Huntsman, 1890. Full cathedral 
 service in E flat; anthems, hymn-tunes, and 
 chants. Songs : A message from the sea ; 
 Though years have lapsed ; The heaving of 
 the lead (prize), and others. Concerto in D, 
 violin and orchestra; Six string quartets; 
 Sonata in F, and other organ pieces ; Six 
 Lieder ohne worte. pf., &c. A number of 
 arrangements, and a text-book on arrange- 
 ments, for military bands. In MS. an opera, 
 The brigand (libretto by Edward Oxenford). 
 
 Gaskell,. James, orgmist and composer, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 157 
 
 GASKIN. 
 
 born near Wigan, August 26, 1841. Studied 
 pianoforte with C. A. Seymour, harmony with 
 Dr. J. M. Bentley, and organ under F. H. 
 Burstalh Organist, Parish Church, Pembertou, 
 near Wigan ; and from 1885, of St. Barnabas, 
 Swindon, Wilts. Composer of a collection of 
 anthems and hymu-tunes ; songs, &c. 
 
 Gaskin, James J., musician, born about 
 1820; died at Dublin in 1876. Author of 
 " Early History, etc., of Vocal ]\Iusic." Lon- 
 don, 1860. 
 
 Qason, Adam F., author of "A Short 
 Treatise in Defence of Cathedral Worship," 
 Dublin, 1846. 
 
 Gater, William Henry, organist and 
 composer, born in Dublin, August 8, 1849. 
 Musical training private ; studied organ under 
 Sir R. P. Stewart. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Trinity College, Dublin, 1876, and B.A., 1881, 
 with tionours in English and modern liter- 
 ature ; INIus. Doc, 1886. He also passed 
 through ihe Divinity School, obtaining several 
 prizes. Organist of Christ Church, Bray, 
 1871-3 ; to the Exhibition Palace, Dublin, 
 1872-3; St. Andrew's, Dub in, 1873; and 
 since 1876, organist of St. Stephen's, Dublin. 
 Choirmaster, for several years, to the East 
 Meath Diocesan Choral Association. His 
 compositions include a setting of Ps. 66, for 
 soli, chorus, and organ ; a cantata, " The 
 Passions " (Collins), for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra ; two services, and other Church 
 music ; hymn tune, " From Greenland's Icy 
 Mountains," Wrexham Eisteddfod Prize, 
 1888 ; organ pieces, etc., the greater part 
 remaining still in MS- 
 
 Gates, Bernard, organist and composer, 
 born in 1685. He was one of the children of 
 the Chapel Royal, 1702; a Gentleman, 1708 ; 
 and Master of the children from 1740 to 1758. 
 He died at North Aston, near Oxford, Novem- 
 ber 15, 1773 ; in the Parish Church of which 
 there is a memorial to him. His composi- 
 tions, including a service in P, are mostly in 
 MS. 
 
 Gattie, Henry, violinist. He was second 
 violin in the Blagrove quartet, which com- 
 menced a series of chamber concerts in the 
 Hanover Square Rooms, March 17, 1836. For 
 years he was associated with chamber music 
 in connection with Joseph Banister, Dando, 
 and others ; and was in repute as a teacher. 
 He died in London, early in 1853. 
 
 Gatty, Alfred Scott, composer and 
 writer, born at Ecclesfield, Yorks., April 25, 
 1847. Second son of Rev. Alfred Gatty, D.D, , 
 vicar of Ecclesfield, Sub-dean of York Cath- 
 edral, etc. Studied at Marlborough, and 
 Christ's College, Cambridge. Rouge Dragon, 
 Pursuivant of Arms, Herald's College, Lon- 
 don, 1880. He has compo.sed two operettas, 
 " Sandford and Merton's Christmas Party," 
 1880 ; and " Not at Home," 1886. Is author 
 
 GAUNTLETT. 
 
 of "Little songs for little voices " (words and 
 music), two books, published originally in 
 Aujit Judy's Magazine- ; other books for child- 
 ren, illustrated by C. A. Doyle ; and a large 
 number of songs. True till death ; O fair 
 dove, O fond dove ; Some future aay ; The 
 open window ; When love was a little boy, 
 etc. Pianoforte music, etc. 
 
 Gaudry, Richard Otto, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Dublin, 1800. He was chorister 
 in the chapel of Dublin Castle, and organist 
 of St. Anne's, Dublin. He died at Dublin, 
 August, 1825. Composer of anthems, etc. 
 
 Gaul, Alfred Robert, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Norwich, April 30, 1837. Of a 
 musical family, he was entered as a chorister 
 at Norwich Cathedral at the age of nine ; 
 afterwards articled pupil of Dr. Buck, and 
 assistant or, anist. When seventeen he was 
 appointed organist of Fakenham parish 
 church, which he left in 1859, for St. John's, 
 Lady Wood, Birmingham. He has been 
 organist and choirmaster at S . Augustine's, 
 Edgbaston, since the church was built in 
 3 868. He graduated Mus. Bac, 1863, Cam- 
 bridge. In 1887 he succeeded j\Ir. Stockley 
 as conductor of Walsall Philhai-monic Society, 
 and for some years he held that and other 
 similar offices in different places. He is now 
 teacher of harmony and counterpoint, and 
 conductor of the ladies' singing class at the 
 Birmingham and Midland Institute ; teacher 
 of harmony and singing at King Edward's 
 High School for Girls; and teacher at the 
 Blind Asylum. He has conducted perform- 
 ances of his works in many towns, and played 
 at the Bow and Bromley Institute in 1888. 
 
 Works. — Hezekiah, oratorio, produced by 
 the Amateur Harmonic Association, Town 
 Hall, Birmingham, November 29, 1861; 
 Psalm 1 (degree ex.), 1863. Cantatas : Ruth, 
 1881 ; The holy city, produced at the Bir- 
 mingham Festival, 1S82 ; Passion music, 
 1883 ; Joan of Arc, produced by the Birming- 
 ham Festival Choral Society, 1887 ; The ten 
 virgins, 1890 ; Israel in the wilderness, 
 Crystal Palace, July 9, 1892 ; and Una, com- 
 posed for the Norwich Festival, 1893. Psalm 
 150, performed by the FiOndon Church Choir 
 Association, St. Paul's, 1886; The Lord is my 
 Shepherd ; Psalm 96, for eight-part chorus, 
 and others ; hymn-tunes, chants, &c. Ode, 
 A song of life ; The shipwreck, prize glee ; 
 The silent land, performed by Leslie Choir, 
 Paris, 1878, and given at the Birmingham 
 Festival, 1879 ; The singers ; The day is done, 
 and other part-songs, school cantatas, col- 
 lection of trios, duets, &c. The ferry maiden ; 
 Faithful yet ; The sea's love, and other songs. 
 Sonata in B flat minor, and various pieces 
 for pf. 
 
 Gauntlett, Henry John, organist and 
 composer, born at Wellington, Shropshire, July 
 
158 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 GAWLER. 
 
 9, 1805. Son of the Rev. Henry Gauntlett. 
 Organist at Olney, Bucks., 1815, Articled for 
 a time to a solicitor, 1826. Organist at St. 
 Olave's, Southwark, 1827-47. Admitted as a 
 solicitor, 1831. Commenced his labours in 
 connection with the establishment of the C 
 organ, 1836, which latterly took the place of 
 the F and G instruments. Organist of Christ 
 Church, Newgate Street, 1836. Gave up prac- 
 tice of the law, 1842. Mus. Doc, Lambeth, 
 1843. Organist of Union Chapel, Islington, 
 1852-61 ; Church of St. Bartholomew the Less, 
 Smithfield, 1872. He died at Kensington, 
 London, February 21, 1876. 
 
 Works. — Hymnal for Matins and Even- 
 song, 1844 ; The Church Hymnal and Tune 
 Book, 1844-51; Cantus Melodici, 1845; The 
 Comprehensive Tune Book, 1846-7 ; The Halle- 
 lujah, 1848-55; The Congregational Psalmist, 
 1851 ; Carlyle's Manual of Psalmody, 1861 ; 
 Tunes, New and Old, 1868; Harlaud's Church 
 Psalter and Hymnal, 1868; The Encyclopa'dia 
 of the Cbtiit ; St. Mark's Tune Book ; The 
 Choral use of the Book of Common Prayer, 
 London, 1854. Anthems — I will go unto the 
 altar of God ; This is the day the Lord hath 
 made ; Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, 
 in E flat. Hymns and Christmas carols; One 
 Hundred and Fifty-six Questions on the art 
 of Music-making and the science of Music, 
 London, 1864. Songs, glees, organ-music, &c. 
 Revised, Jos. Williams' " Christmas min- 
 strelsy, or carols, anthems," &c. 
 
 Mr. Gauntlett was in his lifetime recognised 
 as one of the foremost organists and author- 
 ities on psalmody. His hymnals, psalms, etc., 
 are compilations of the highest merit, the 
 hand of the musician being always observable 
 where too often we find the work of the 
 officious reviser. His anthems are in frequent 
 use, and his hymns are favourites. Among 
 the latter may be named Alexandria, Brayles- 
 ford, Bredon, Croyland, Denbigh, Gauntlett, 
 Houghton, and Lux Alma. 
 
 Qawler, William, organist and teacher, 
 born in Lambeth, 1750. He was organist in 
 the Asylum for Female Orphans. He died 
 in March, 1809. He compiled " Harmonia 
 Sacra, or a Collection of Psalm Tunes, with 
 interludes, and with a thorough-bass, form- 
 ing a most complete work of Sacred Music," 
 London, 1781. Dr. Watts's Divine Songs 
 [1780] . Lessons for the harpsichord. 
 Hymns and psalms used at the Asylum 
 or House of Refuge for Female Orphans, 
 London [1785] . Voluntaries, interludes, etc., 
 for organ. Miscellaneous collection of fugi- 
 tive pieces for harpsichord or pf. [1780] . 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 Gawthorn, Nathaniel, English musi- 
 cian, was conductor of psalmody at the 
 Friday lecture in Eastcheap, London, early 
 in the 18th century. Compiler of " Harmo- 
 
 GEAR. 
 
 niae Perfecta, a compleat collection of psalm 
 tunes in four parts, fitted to all the various 
 measures now in use, taken from the most 
 eminent masters," London, 1730. 
 
 Qawthrop, James, tenor vocalist, born 
 in York. Studied singing under J. B. Welch. 
 Appointed in 1877 vicar-choral of Wells 
 Cathedral ; in 1880, to St. George's Chapel, 
 Windsor; and in l!-85 made a Gentleman of 
 Her Majesty's Chapel Royal, St. James's. 
 As a concert singer he has been heard at the 
 Covent Garden Promenade Concerts, in the 
 chief provincial cities, etc. 
 
 Gay, George, stonemason and musician, 
 born November 17, 1771, at Corsham (?), died 
 there, July 26, 1833. Builder of Melksham 
 Bridge, Wilts. Organ builder and verse 
 writer. Organist of Corsham Independent 
 Chapel, Wilts. Committed suicide by cutting 
 through carotid artery with his own mallet 
 and chisel. Composer of anthems and hymn 
 tunes in 3, 5, and 8 parts. Compiler of " Sa- 
 cred Music, consisting of 50 j^salm and hymn 
 tunes.. to which are prefixed some original 
 ideas calculated to improve the method of 
 singing," London, 1827. In 1833 he revised 
 T. Hawkes' " Collection of Tunes." 
 
 Gear, Henry tiandel, tenor vocalist and 
 composer, born at London, October 28, 1805. 
 Son of an artist, who held the appointment 
 of painter to the Duke of Sussex. He was a 
 choir boy in the Chapel Royal and St. Paul's 
 Cathedral ; but in 1822 he went to New York 
 and became organist of Grace Church. In 
 1828 he proceeded to Italy, where he studied 
 singing under Nozzari, etc., and afterwards 
 he went to Frankfort and sang there, and in 
 Paris. He finally settled in London as a 
 professor of singing, and was for over 17 years 
 organist of Quebec Chapel, Bryanston Street. 
 Composer of church services, anthems, songs, 
 etc. He died in London, October 16, 1884. 
 
 His third son, George Frederick Gear, 
 composer and pianist, was born at London, 
 May 21, 1857. He studied under Dr. Wylde, 
 and J. F. Barnett, and in 1872 gained a 
 scholarship at the London Academy of Music. 
 He gained medals for harmony and pianoforte 
 playing, and was elected an associate and 
 professor of the London Academy of Music, 
 and an associate of the Philharmonic Society. 
 Musical director of the German Reed Com- 
 pany from 1876 to 1892, and is a member of 
 the Incorporated Society of Musicians, and 
 the Musical Artists' Society. He has given 
 many concerts, and has frequently appeared 
 as a vocalist. 
 
 Works. — String quartet; Two pf. sonatas; 
 Scena, for soprano voice and orchestra ; 
 " A water cure," and " Hobbies," 2 operettas. 
 Songs: Day is done; My Lady sleeps; Sweet 
 visions ; The rose is dead ; When night is 
 gathering round ; White rose, etc. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 159 
 
 GEARY. 
 
 Geary, E. M. Author of " Musical Edu- 
 cation, with practical ohservations on the art 
 of Pianoforte playing," London, 1841, 1848, 
 and other editions. 
 
 Qeary, Timothy, composer, horn at Dub- 
 lin, 1783 ; died in 1806. Composed glees, 
 duets, and other vocal music. Known also 
 as Thomas Augustine Geary. 
 
 Qeaussent, George F., pianist and con- 
 ductor, born in London, in 1852. Has held 
 organ appointments at Hampstead Parish 
 Church, and elsewhere. As a pianist he gave 
 recitals at various times, and as conductor of 
 a choir bearing his name, he gave high-class 
 concerts, introducing, for the first time in 
 London, important works, such as Dvorak's 
 " Patriotic Hymn." Principal of the Hamp- 
 stead Conservatoire of ftlusic, and member of 
 the Governing Council since its re-organisation 
 in 1896. Also director for some years of a 
 Conservatoire at Croydon ; and, 1896, Prin- 
 cipal of Belfast Conservatoire of Music. 
 
 Gee, Samuel, organist, born at Congleton, 
 Cheshire, May 12, 1834. Pupil and Associate, 
 R.A.M. Organist successively at the Parish 
 Church, Chertsey ; St. Peter and St. Paul, 
 Wantage, 1861; Christ Church, Clapham, 
 1864; St. Mark's, Lewisham, 1870; and in 
 his later yeats at Leek, Staffordshire. He 
 read papers on various topics at meetings of 
 the College of Organists, and was well-known 
 as a teacher. He died suddenly of apoplexy, 
 in his room at the Hanley Academy of Music, 
 Staffordshire, November 15, 1892. 
 
 Geikie, James Stewart, composer and 
 writer, born at Edinburgh, January 12, 1811. 
 For a number of years musical representative 
 of the Scotsman. Conductor of the Edinburgh 
 Sacred Harmonic Association, and other 
 societies of a kindred nature at Newington . He 
 was conductor of psalmody at St. Augustine 
 Church, Edinburgh, from 1843 till 1880. He 
 died at Ormiston, Haddington, August 14, 
 1883. He composed a number of secular 
 vocal pieces : " How beautiful is night," part- 
 song ; " ]My heather hills," song, etc.: but 
 his psalms and other sacred music will enjoy 
 a more lasting popularity. He edited an 
 edition of R. A. Smith's " Sacred Harmony," 
 entitled, " Supplement to R. A. Smith's 
 Sacred Harmony, adapted to the Psalms and 
 Hymns used in the churches and chapels of 
 Scotland," n.d. Also, " Songs of the Sanc- 
 tuary, a collection of psalms, scripture hymns, 
 etc.," 1863. 
 
 His sous. Sir Abchibald Geikie, and James 
 Geikie, are the well-known scientists, while 
 his brother Walter was the famous artist 
 and etcher. 
 
 Geoghegan, Joseph, vocalist and teacher, 
 born at Ballinasloe, Galway, in 1830. He 
 lived in Edinburgh, from about 1846, where 
 he worked originally as a bookbinder. After- 
 
 GIBBONS. 
 
 wards he became choirmaster of Old Grey- 
 friars Church, 1857-83, and teacher in various 
 schools and colleges in Edinburgh, lie died 
 at Musselburgh, on January 27, 1892. 
 
 George, Miss, see Oldmixon, Lady. 
 
 German, J. Edward, composer, violinist 
 and conductor, born at Whitchurch, Shrop- 
 shire, February 17, 1862. Entered the R.A.M. 
 in 1880 as an organ student, i ut the next 
 year took the violin as principal study. In 
 1885, he won the Charles Lucas medal for 
 composition, his work being a setting of the 
 2\' iJeuiuior chorus and organ. While at the 
 Royal Academy he wrote many works of 
 importance, some of which have bee i per- 
 formed at concerts in various places. He left 
 the Academy in 1887, and was made an 
 Associate, and in 1895, a Fellow of that 
 Institution. In 1889, he was appointed 
 ]Musical Director at the Globe Theatre, Lon- 
 don. He has conducted concerts at the 
 Crystal Palace, 1893, and performances of his 
 own music at the Leeds Festival, 1895, and 
 elsewhere. 
 
 Works. — Dramatic: Operetta, The Rival 
 Poets (R.A.M., July, 1886), St. George's Hall, 
 December 21, 1886 ; Incidental Music to 
 Richard III, Globe Theatre, 1889; Henry 
 VIII, Lyceum, 1892; The Tempter (H. A. 
 Jones), Haymarket, 1893; Romeo and Juliet, 
 Lyceum, 1895 ; and As you like it (for Mr. 
 Alexander), 1896. Orchestral: Symphony in 
 E minor (R.A.M , July, 1886), Crystal Palace, 
 December 13, 1890 ; in A minor, Norwich 
 Festival, 1893. Gipsy suite. Crystal Palace, 
 1892; Suite in D minor, Leeds Festival, 1895; 
 Suites arranged from music to Henry VIII., 
 and The Tempter ; Funeral March in D minor, 
 Henschel Concerts, January 15, 1891. Suites : 
 Flute and pf., 1892; in E minor, pf. Pieces 
 for violin and pf., oboe and pf., clarinet and 
 pf., etc. Serenade for tenor voice, with 
 accompaniment for pf. and wind instruments ; 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 Ghilberti, Gilberto, see Campbell, 
 Gilbert James. 
 
 Gibb, Alexander, violinist, composer, 
 and dancing-master, who lived in Haddington 
 and Edinburgh in the last thirty years of the 
 18th century. He had a dancing school in 
 Edinburgh from 1786 to 1809, after which all 
 trace of him disappears. He issued " A new 
 collection of minuets, medlies, high dances, 
 marches, strathspey and other reels, with 
 entertaining tunes, etc., for the pianoforte, 
 violin, and violoncello," Edinburgh, 1798. 
 
 Gibbons, Christopher, organist and 
 composer, born in 1615. Baptised August 22. 
 Son of Orlando Gibbons. He studied under 
 Edward Gibbons at Exeter. Organist of 
 Winchester Cathedral, 1638-61. Served for a 
 time in Royalist army. Organist of Chapel 
 Royal, 1660-76. Private organist to Charles 
 
160 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 GIBBONS. 
 
 II., 1660. Organist of Westminster Abbey, 
 1660-65. Mus. Doc, Oxon., July, 1664. 
 Died October 20, 1676. A few works by this 
 musician exist in MS., sucli as his "Act-song" 
 (a degree exercise), music to Sliirley's Cupid 
 and Death, a masque ; Compositions in 
 Playford's " Cantica sacra," etc., but it is as 
 an organist tliat lie was principally known. 
 
 Gibbons, Rev. Edward, organist and 
 composer, born about 1570. Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1592, incorporated from Cambridge. 
 Organist of Bristol Cathedral, 1592-1611. 
 Organist of Exeter Cathedral, 1611-44. He 
 died about 1650. Works in MS., anth.ms, 
 etc. 
 
 Gibbons, Ellis, organist and composer, 
 born at Cambridge about end of the 16th 
 century. Brother of Edward. Organist 
 of Salisbury Cathedral. He died about 
 1650. Composer of " Long live fair Oriana," 
 madrigal for 5 voices ; " Round about her 
 chariot," for 6 voices ; both contained in the 
 " Triumphs of Oriana." 
 
 Gibbons, Orlando, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Cambridge in 1583. Brother 
 of Edward and Ellis Gibbons. Chorister in 
 King's College, Cambridge, 1596. Organist of 
 the Chapel Royal, March, 1604. Mus. Bac, 
 Cantab., 1606; Bac. and Doc. Mus., Oxon., 
 1622. Organist of Westminster Abbey, 1623. 
 He died at Canterbury, June 5, 1625. Buried 
 in Canterbury Cathedral. 
 
 Works. — Morning and Evening Service, in 
 F; Te Deum and Jubilate, in D minor; 
 Venite exultemus, in F ; Magnificat, Nunc 
 Dimittis, in D minor and in F ; Te Deum 
 and Benedictus. in F. A collection of the 
 sacred compositions of Orlando Gibbons (of 
 which the scores are not contained in Boyce's 
 collection) from ihe original ]\ISS. and part 
 books, together with a transposed organ-part 
 to some of his published works. Edited by 
 the Rev. Sir F. A. Gore Ouseley, 1873 (con- 
 tains two services, two sets of preces, seventeen 
 anthems, six hymn-tunes). Single Anthems : 
 Hosanna ; Lift up your heads ; O clap your 
 hands ; Almighty and Everlasting ; God is 
 gone up (Boyce) ; Lord, in Thy wrath ; 
 Lord, in Thee; Why art thou so heavy? 
 Blessed be the Lord ; Lord increase my 
 faith ; Deliver us, Lord ; Behold, thou hast 
 made ; This is the record of John ; Behold, I 
 bring you; I lye be risen again (Ouseley); 
 We praise Thee, Father ; Lord, grant grace ; 
 Grlorious and powerful God See, see, the 
 Word is incarnate ; Sing unto the Lord ; 
 Blessed are all they ; Great Lord of Lords ; 
 O Thou, the Central Orb. Hymns. Fantasies 
 of III. Parts ..composed for viols ; London, 
 4to, 1610. Reprinted, edited by E. P. Rim- 
 bault (Music. Antiq. Soc), London, fo., 1843. 
 Lessons in " Parthenia " (with Bull and 
 Byrd), London, 1611. First set of madrigals 
 
 GIBSON. 
 
 and motets, for five voices, London, 4to, 1012. 
 Reprinted, edited by Sir G. Smart (Music. 
 Antiq. Soc), London, fo., 1841. Fancies and 
 songs made at King James ye First's being in 
 Scotland, London, n. d. Tunes for " VVicher's 
 Hymns " (Reprinted by the Spenser Society, 
 1881). Tunes in Leighton's " Teares," 1614. 
 Madrigal titles — The silver swan ; I weigh 
 not fortune's frown ; I tremble not ; I feign 
 not friendship ; Dainty fine bird ; Farewell 
 all joys ; Oh ! dear heart ; Ne'er let the Sun ; 
 Trust not too much ; that the learned 
 poets; Nay, let me weep; YeD if that age; 
 I see ambition ; Fair ladies that to love ; 
 What is our life ? etc, Galiards, fantasias, 
 preludium, pavans, etc. 
 
 Gibbs, Joseph, organist and composer, 
 born in 1699. For forty years he was organist 
 at Ipswich. He died December 12, 1788. 
 Composer of " Eight Solos for a violin with a 
 thorough bass for the harpsichord or violin " 
 [1740] , etc. Some of his pieces have recently 
 been re-published, and a sonata and other 
 pieces performed by Mr. Otto Peiniger, 1885-7. 
 
 Gibson, Alfred, violinist, born at Notting- 
 ham, October 27, 1849. After some early 
 lessons from his father, a good violin teacher, 
 he studied for two years with Henry Farmer, 
 after which time he was practically self- 
 taught. He played with success, from the age 
 of eleven, in differents parts of the country, 
 and about 1868 went to London, and was 
 engaged as first violin in the opera at Drury 
 Lane. In 1871 he was appointed to the Royal 
 Opera orchestra at Covent Garden, remaining 
 there twelve years. He appeared at the 
 IMonday Popular Concerts, January 23, 1882, 
 as a violinist in Svendsen's Octet, ultimately 
 taking the position of principal viola, which 
 he still retains. He succeeded Ludwig Straus 
 as leader of ihe Queen's Private Band ; is 
 professor of the violin at the R.A. M., and of 
 the viola at the G.S.M. Among the fine 
 instruments he possesses is a Stradivari viola 
 formerly belonging to Charles Reade, the 
 novelist. 
 
 Gibson, Edmund, bishop and writer, born 
 at Brampton, Westmoreland, in 1669 ; died 
 at Bath, in 1748. Wrote a number of an- 
 tiquarian works, and a " Method or course of 
 singing in Church ; direction to the Clergy 
 of the Diocese of London, 1727 ; etc." 
 
 Gibson, Francis, pianist and composer, 
 born in Edinburgh, in 1861. After studying 
 pianoforte and harmony five years with Mr. 
 William Town.send, he entered Dr. Hoch's 
 Conservatorium, Frankfort - on - the - Main, 
 studying composition under Joachim Raff, 
 and the pianoforte with Carl Faelten. Sett- 
 ling in Edinburgh as a teacher, he succeeded 
 Mr. G. L. Deas as a professor of the pianoforte 
 and theory at the Edinburgh Ladies' College, 
 which, with other appointments, he still holds. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 161 
 
 GIBSON. 
 
 He has played at various chamber concerts at 
 Edinburgh, where some of his compositions 
 have been performed. So far he has only 
 published an Album of ten songs ; a Serenade ; 
 and a Reverie for violin. 
 
 Gibson, Rev. James, D.D., clergyman 
 and writer, was a professor in the Free Church 
 College, Glasgow. Author of " The Public 
 Worship of God : its authority and modes. 
 Hymns and Hymn Books," Glasgow, 1869. 
 
 Gibson, Louisa, teacher and writer, born 
 in London, 1833. For some years head pro- 
 fessor of music, Plymouth High School for 
 Girls. Authoress of "A First Book on the 
 Theory of Music, applied to the Pianoforte," 
 London, 6th edition, 1876 ; Second and third 
 books of same ; key to exercises in third book. 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 Gibson, Mrs. Patrick, borfi Isabella 
 Maby Scott, vocalist and composer, born at 
 Edinburgh, in 1786. She was a daughter 
 of William Scott, teacher of elocution, 
 Edinburgh, and married Patrick Gibson, 
 K.S.A., in 1818. She at one time kept a 
 Boarding School for Young Ladies, in Inver- 
 leith Row, Edinburgh, and was an associate 
 of many distinguished men of her time. 
 Distantly related to Sir Walter Scott. She 
 was consulted much by R. A. Smith in the 
 composition of his songs and duets, and sonre 
 of her psalm tunes are in Dr. Andrew Thom- 
 son's " Sacred Harmony," 1820, and in vol. 6 
 of Steven's "Church Music," edited by Turn- 
 bull, 1833. Her fcong " Loch-na-gar " is 
 contained in the 6th vol. of R. A. Smith's 
 " Scotish Minstrel." Mrs. Gibson was a 
 skilful harp player. She died at Edinburgh, 
 November 28, 1838. 
 
 Gibsone, Burford George Henry, com- 
 poser of first half of present century. He is 
 stated to have died about 1868. Composer of 
 fantasias for the pf., songs, and glees. His 
 " Table Book of Glees " [1810] , contains 
 original compositions. 
 
 Gibsone, Guillaume Ignace, composer 
 and pianist, born in London, of Scottish 
 parentage, about 1826. Studied under Mos- 
 cheles. Resident in Brussels, 1845, where he 
 gave concerts. In 1846 he was made an 
 honorary member of the Societe de Grand 
 Harmonie, Brussels. Toured in Germany 
 the same year. Returned to London in 1850, 
 where he settled as teacher and composer. 
 His works include three Cantatas: The Wood 
 Nymphs, The Elfiu Knight, and The Three 
 Sisters ; an Opera and two Symphonies (in 
 MS.) ; Sonata for violin and pf. ; A large num- 
 ber of pf. pieces ; Meditations, 24 pieces ; Polo- 
 naise ; Chanson a boire ; Chanson d'amour : 
 Four sketches, etc. Songs : My lady sleeps ; 
 Her voice ; Sweet hour of eventide, etc. 
 
 Gick, Thomas, alto vocalist and composer, 
 born in Liverpool, February 22, 1837. Musical 
 
 GILBERT. 
 
 training private. Appointed lay-clerk, York 
 Minster, 1859 ; and in 1864, vicar-choral, 
 Christ Church, and St. Patrick's Cathedral, 
 Dublin ; he is also a member of the choir of 
 Trinity College, Dublin. He graduated Mus. 
 Bac, 1880; Mus. Doc, 1882, Dublin; and is 
 Examiner in Music under the Intermediate 
 Education Board for Ireland. His compos- 
 itions comprise a cantata, The Bard, for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra, Dublin, 1882 ; a morn- 
 ing and evening service in B fiat, and an 
 evening service in F. He has also published: 
 O Come, let us worship ; Hear, O thou Shep- 
 herd ; Blessed is He, and other anthems, etc. 
 
 Gilbert, Alfred, pianist and composer, 
 second son of Francis and Jane Gilbert, was 
 born at Salisbury, October 21, 1828. Com- 
 menced his musical studies at the age of six, 
 then became a pupil of Dr. Charles Corfe, and 
 later, of Alexander Lucas, whose asssistant 
 organist he was at St. Thomas's Church. In 
 1845 he entered the R.A.M., and soon after 
 was made assistant organist of Hanover 
 Chapel, Regent Street. He then held organ 
 aj)poiutments successively at St. Matthew's, 
 Spring Gardens ; Chepstow ; Mitchani ; Kent- 
 ish Town ; and St. Mark's, Hamilton Terrace, 
 but devoted himself chiefly to pianoforte play- 
 ing and composition. In 1851 he commenced 
 a series of classical chamber concerts with the 
 sisters, Charlotte and Susanna Cole (q-v.), the 
 former of whom he married in 1853. Concerts 
 were also given by the Arion Choir, the Poly- 
 hymnian Choir, and other societies under his 
 direction ; and he has lectured on music at 
 various institutions. A concert of his works 
 was given in Rome in 1884, when he received 
 the distinction of being elected Socio onorario 
 della Reale Accademia S. Cecilia. He is 
 director of the IMusical Artists' Society ; Soc- 
 iety for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts ; 
 Member, and a director of the Philharmonic 
 Society, and in 1896 elected orchestral man- 
 ager in succession to Mr. W. H. Cummings ; 
 Member of the Court of Assistants of the 
 Royal Society of Musicians ; F.R.A.M. Mr. 
 Alfred Gilbert, R.A., the distinguished sculp- 
 tor, is his son. 
 
 Works. — Spectacular Cantatas : Abdallah ; 
 L'Amie du Drapeau. Operettas : The rival 
 roses ; Outwitted ; Blonde or brunette. Quin- 
 tet in E fiat, for pf., strings, and four voices, 
 performed in Rome, January 24, 1884. Trios 
 in C, A, and B flat, pf. and strings ; Sonata 
 in F, pf. and violoncello. Suite for strings. 
 Pieces for pf. and violin. A complete School 
 for the pf. Classical Library, edited. Many 
 smaller works. 
 
 Gilbert, Davies, writer and musician, 
 compiled " Some Ancient Cbristmas Carols, 
 with the tunes to which they were formerly 
 sung in the West of England." London, 
 1823; 2nd ed. 
 
162 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 GILBERT. 
 
 Gilbert, (Ernest) Thomas Bennett, 
 
 composer and vocal teacher, born at Salis- 
 bury, October 2ji, 1883. Brother of Alfred 
 Gilbert. He studied at the R.A.M. from 
 1847, and at Leipzig under Moscheles, Haupt- 
 mann, Richter, etc., in 1852. Organist, suc- 
 cessively of St. George's, Isle of Man, 1853; 
 St. Barnabas, do., 1854 ; St. Paul, Newport, 
 Mon., 1856 ; Parish Church, Abergavenny, 
 1857 ; St. Peter's, Walworth, 1861 ; St. 
 George's, Southwark, 1864 ; and St. Mat- 
 thew's, Southwark, 1867. He was afterwards 
 a vocal trainer in London. Died at Gipsy 
 Hill, Loudon, May 11, 1885. 
 
 Works. — Operettas : Night in fairyland, 
 1861; Das Helldichein, Leipzig, 1851. Ra- 
 miro, cantata, 1879. Orchestral : Concert 
 overture, 1853 ; Merry wives of Windsor, 
 overture, 1854 ; String quartets in E flat and 
 C ; Trio for j^f., violin, and 'cello, in P. 
 Pianoforte : Nocturnes, scherzos, ballads, im- 
 promptus, dances, etc. Numerous part-songs 
 and songs. Vocal exercises, for daily use, in 
 2 books ; School harmony, London, n.d., 
 various editions ; Practical and natural 
 method for the pianoforte, 2 books ; and 
 other works. 
 
 Gilbert, Walter Bond, composer and 
 organist, born at Exeter, April 21, 1829. 
 Studied under Alfred Angel, Dr. Wesley, and 
 Sir H. Bishop. He was organist successively 
 at Topsham, 1847 ; Bideford, 1849 ; Tunbridge, 
 1854; Maidstone, 1859; Lee, Kent, 1866; 
 Boston, Lincolnshire, 1868 ; and in 1869 
 accepted a similar post at Trinity Episcopal 
 Chapel, New York, which he still holds. He 
 graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, in 1854 ; and 
 while in England, in 1888, took the degree of 
 Mus. Doc, Oxford, his Exercise having been 
 approved more than twenty-five years before. 
 In 1886 he was made a Mus. Doc. of Trinity 
 College, Toronto. His talent as a composer 
 was shewn at an early age, and one of his 
 most widely known works is a Cathedral 
 Service written when he was seventeen. He 
 is the composer of two oratorios : " The Res- 
 toration of Israel," and " St. John " ; the 
 last performed at Maidstone, in 1864. Also 
 of church services, many anthems, and organ 
 pieces, etc. Editor of Hymnal and Canticles 
 of the Protestant Episcopal Church, New 
 York (with Rev. A. B. Goodrich, D.D.), 1875 ; 
 The Psalter, or Psalms of David, New York, 
 1882. The well-known hymn tune, " Maid- 
 stone," was first published in the " Parish 
 Tune Book" of Mr. G. F. Chambers, in 1862. 
 Author of The Antiquities of Maidstone, 1865 ; 
 Memorials of All Saints' Church, IMaidstone, 
 1864 ; and other historical works. 
 
 Gilbert, William Schwenck, dramatist, 
 and opera librettist, born in London, Novem- 
 ber 18, 1836. Educated for the Bar, and 
 graduated B.A., London. Clerk in the Privy 
 
 GILMER. 
 
 Council Office, 1857-62. Called to the Bar of 
 the Inner Temple, 1864. In 1891 his name 
 was added to the Commission of the Peace for 
 the County of IMiddlesex. His first dramatic 
 piece, " Dulcamara," was produced, St. 
 James's Theatre, 1866 ; but here it is only 
 necessary to name his operas and operettas. 
 These are : Princess Toto (Clay), 1875 ; The 
 Mountebanks (Cellier), 1892 ; Thespis, 1871 ; 
 Trial by Jury, 1875; The Sorcerer, 1877; 
 H.M.S. "Pinafore, 1878; Pirates of Penzance, 
 1880 ; Patience, 1881 ; lolanthe, 1882 ; Prin- 
 cess Ida, 1884 ; Mikado, 1885 ; Ruddigore, 
 1887 ; The Yeomen of the Guard, 1888 ; 
 Gondoliers, 1889 ; Utopia, 1893 ; and The 
 Grand Duke, 1896, all set by Sullivan, {q.v.) 
 
 Gildon, John, composer and pianist, who 
 flourished in the latter part of last, and early 
 part of the present century. He composed a 
 large quantity of pf. music, including sonatas, 
 as well as songs and other pieces. 
 
 Giles, Nathaniel, composer and organist, 
 born near Worcester, about 1548-50. Bac. 
 Mus., Oxon., 1585. Doc. Mus., Oxon., 1622. 
 Organist of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, and 
 master of choristers, do., 1595. Master of 
 Children of Chapel Royal, 1597, and organist, 
 1625. He died on January 24, 1633. Buried 
 in St. George's Chapel, Windsor. " His 
 services and anthems announce his learning 
 and abilities, and, by the lovers and judges of 
 church composition, are regarded as masterly 
 productions." — Busby. He composed a com- 
 plete service in C, in Barnard's Collection, and 
 other compositions by him are in Leighton's 
 " Teares," and various MS. collections. 
 
 His father, Thomas Giles, or Gyles, was 
 an organist, and succeeded John Redford as 
 organist of St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 
 Gill, William Henry, composer and 
 writer. Author of " The Musical ladder ; or 
 Tonic sliding scale," London [1864]. Com- 
 poser of " Easy Anthems for village choirs" 
 [1888-91]; "Voluntaries from Handel, Men- 
 delssohn, etc." Part-songs: Before sweet 
 nightingale : Three merry maids ; When twi- 
 light dews, etc. Songs. 
 
 Gilmer, Alfred Walker, cornet player 
 and conductor, was born in the parish of St. 
 Margaret, Westminster, in 1838. As a child 
 he played the violin, but was afterwards sent 
 to Paris to study the cornet under Joseph 
 Arban. His first important engagement was 
 as first violin in a Slanchester theatre, and 
 about 1858 he joined the orchestra of the 
 Theatre Royal, Birmingham, that town from 
 henceforth being his home. His ability as a 
 cornet player secured him engagements at 
 the best orcliestral concerts in the locality, 
 and for some years he was a meinber of 
 the Festival orchestra. In conjunction with 
 Henry Synyer {q.v.) he formed a military 
 band, which acquired a high reputation in the 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 163 
 
 GILMORE. 
 
 Midlands. He was also bandmaster of the 
 Worcestershire Yeomanry Regiment, and his 
 annual concerts in Worcester were great 
 events. Many of his pupils obtained good 
 positions as cornet players. He died at Bir- 
 mingham, May 16, 1892. 
 
 Gilmore, Patrick Sarsfield, bandmaster 
 and composer, born near Dublin, December 
 25, 1829. Joined a military band at Athlone 
 while a youth, and went to Boston, U.S.A., 
 when nineteen, as a cornet player. He was 
 for several years salesman in a mi sic store 
 there. In 1858 he organised a band bearing 
 his name, which gained a high reputation, 
 and in 1863 he was appointed director of 
 military bands in Louisiana. The musical 
 arrangements in the Peace Jubilee at Boston 
 in 1869 were under his direction. He toured 
 in Europe with his band in 1878. It is stated 
 that his was the first military band to per- 
 form the Tannhfiuscr overture. He wrote a 
 History of the National Peace Jubilee and 
 great Musical Festival in Boston, 1869 ; Dia- 
 tonic and Chromatic Scales for the Cornet ; 
 much Military band music ; and composed 
 some songs that became very popular, as — 
 Good news from home ; Building castles in 
 the air; Freedom on the old plantation, etc. 
 He died at St Louis, September 2'>, 1892. 
 
 Gilmour, Robert, musician, who was a 
 teacher in Paisley at the end of last century. 
 He compiled "The Psalm-Singer's Assistant, 
 being a collection of the most approved psalm 
 and hymn-tunes . . . with a compendious intro- 
 duction, for the use of learners . . ." Paisley 
 [1793] ; second edition, Glasgow, n.d. 
 
 Gilson, Cornforth, teacher and writer. 
 Was originally a chorister in Durham Cathe- 
 dral, and latterly Master of Music in the 
 Edinburgh city churches, 1756. Ho was 
 made Music-master of Heriot's Hospital, 
 Edinburgh, in 1757-1761, and after a residence 
 in London for a time, was re-appointed in 
 in 1771. He died at Edinburgh after 1774. 
 He wrote " Lessons on the practice of Sing- 
 ing, with an addition of the church tunes, in 
 four parhs, and a collection of hymns, cauons, 
 airs, and catches, for the improvement of 
 beginners," Edinburgh, 4to, 1759. "Twelve 
 soxigs for the voice and harpsichord," Edin- 
 burgh, 1769. Gilson did much to improve 
 psalmody in the Edinburgh churches. 
 
 Qirvin, John, musician and writer, who 
 was born in Edinburgh in the first half of 
 the 18th century. He was precentor of the 
 Tron Kirk, Glasgow, 1761-62, and a teacher 
 in Glasgow. He afterwards went to Port- 
 Glasgow as a teacher in 1762. Published 
 *' A New Collection of Church Tunes," Glas- 
 gow, 1761. Author of " The Vocal Musician, 
 Part I., wherein the grounds of music are 
 distinctly handled, the intervals explained, 
 and their use in practice fully shown, etc. 
 
 GLEADHILL. 
 
 Illustrated with plates. For the use of 
 Schools" (preface dated Port-Glasgow, 1763), 
 Edinburgh, 1763. 
 
 QIadstanes, Frederick, composer, who 
 flourished during the first half of the present 
 century. He composed " Six Glees for 3 and 
 4 voices," 1830, and other glees published 
 separately. His other works consist chiefly 
 of pf. music and songs. 
 
 J. C. Gladstanes, probably a relative of 
 the above, composed " The Indian," and other 
 glees, songs, etc. 
 
 Gladstone, Francis Edward, composer 
 and organist, born at Summertown, near 
 Oxford, March 2, 1845. Articled pupil of Dr. 
 S. S. Wesley, 1859-64, then appointed organist 
 of Holy Trinity, Weston-super-Mare. In 1866 
 he was chosen organist of Llandaff Cathedral, 
 and in 1870 appointed to Chichester Cathedral. 
 This post he resigned in 1873, and went to 
 reside at Brighton, where he remained until 
 1876, when he removed to London, and 
 became organist of St. Mark's, Lewisham. 
 He accepted the post of organist of Norwich 
 Cathedral, December, 1877, and in 1881 
 returned to London, acting as organist of 
 Christ Church, Lancaster Gate, until 1886. 
 The next year he was received into the Roman 
 Catholic Church, and was director of the choir 
 at St. Mary of the Angels, Bayswater, up to 
 1894. He graduated Mus. Bac, 1876 ; Mus. 
 Doc, 1879, Cambridge. He is an Hon. E.A.M., 
 F.R.C.O., and a Member of the Board of 
 Musical Studies at Cambridge. Professor of 
 counterpoint, etc., Trinity College, London, 
 1881 ; Professor of harmony and counterpoint, 
 R.C.M., 1883; and examiner for various 
 institutions. 
 
 WoEKs. — Cantatas : Nicodemus, produced 
 by Highbury Philharmonic Societv, December 
 13,1880; Philippi, Newcastle Cathedral, July 
 26, 1883 ; and Constance of Calais, Highbury, 
 May 18, 1885. Morning and Evening Service 
 in F ; Anthems. Mass in E minor, written 
 for the Brompton Oratory ; Mass in E flat, 
 four voices and organ, 1888. Church music, 
 various, in MS. A wet sheet and a flowing 
 sea, chorus and orchestra, Highbury, 1880. 
 Overture, string quartet, Trio, pf. and strings, 
 1876, all in MS. Sonata in A minor ; Twelve 
 original pieces ; Ten pieces ; Three preludes, 
 and other organ music. The Organ Stiidents' 
 Guide, several editions. Editor of Select 
 Anthems from the works of English composers. 
 
 Glasgow, James, Irish clergjTiian and 
 writer. Was professor of divinity in the Irish 
 Presbyterian Church. Author of " Heart 
 and voice : instrumental music in christian 
 worship not divinely authorised ". .n.d. 
 
 Gleadhill, Thomas Swift, composer and 
 teacher, born at Edinburgh, January 30, 
 1827. Son of Benjamin Gleadhill, a musician, 
 who was born in Derbyshire, April, 1789 ; 
 
164 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 GLEDHILL 
 
 and died at Edinburgh, October 6, 1859. He 
 resided in Glasgow and Edinburgh as a 
 teacher, compiler, and choirmaster, from 
 1857. In 1889 he was appointed organist of 
 the Parish Church of Peterhead, and on 
 September 21, 1890, he drowned himself in 
 the sea. He wrote or compiled the following 
 works : — Beauties of Scottish song (with 
 Fulcher and Thomson), Glasgow, n.d. Har- 
 monium Album (popular airs arranged). Har- 
 monium Repository (do.). Children's songs 
 (with J. Thomson). Scottish airs arranged 
 as part-songs, and for the pf. Lyric Gems of 
 Scotland, Glasgow, n.d. Songs of the British 
 Isles, 2 vols. Original songs, among which 
 may be named, " Be kind to auld Grannie " ; 
 " Thorn-tree " ; " Farewell to the land," etc. 
 
 Qledhill, John, pianist and composer, 
 was one of the early students at the R.A.]\I., 
 a fellow-pupil being Sterndale Bennett. He 
 was made an Associate, and afterwards 
 studied at Leipzig. For some years he was 
 a professor at the R.A.M. From about 1876 
 he settled in Brighton as a teacher. He died 
 there in 1891, having been disabled some 
 three years previously by a stroke of paralysis. 
 He composed a number of pf. pieces, and 
 several sets of songs, etc. 
 
 Glen, Alexander, bagpipe maker, was 
 born at Inverkeithing, Fife, in 1801. He was 
 established in business in Edinburgh, and 
 died there in March, 1873. He issued " The 
 Caledonian Repository of Music for the Great 
 Highland bagpipe . . ." Edinburgh, 1870. 
 
 His son, David (born at Edinburgh in 
 1850), who succeeded to the business, issued 
 a " Collection of Highland bagpipe music . . ." 
 Edinburgh, 1876-1880, 2 parts ; and a " High- 
 land Bagpipe tutor, with a selection of quick- 
 steps, strathspeys, reels, etc.," Edinburgh, 
 1866. In 1896 this firm supplied sets of bag- 
 pipes for use in the French army. 
 
 Glen, Annie, soprano vocalist and writer, 
 of present time. Gave her first concert at 
 Steinway Hall, London, January 25, 1883. 
 Is known as the author of " Music in its 
 Social Aspect," and an elaborate treatise, 
 "How to Accompany," London, Cocks & Co. 
 
 Glen, Thomas Macbean, musical in- 
 strument maker, brother of Alexander, was 
 born at Inverkeithing, Fife, in May, 1804. 
 He established a musical instrument business 
 in Edinburgh, in 1827, and made bagpipes, 
 flutes, and other instruments. He invented 
 a wooden Ophicleide, called a Serpentcleide ; 
 and the system of modern music-holders for 
 military band instruments. He died in Edin- 
 burgh, July 12, 1873. Publisher of " A new 
 and complete tutor for the great Highland 
 bagpipe . . . Edinburgh, n.d., 2 vols. 
 
 His son, John (born at Edinburgh in 1833), 
 succeeded to the business in company with 
 his brother Robert in 1866. He compiled 
 
 GLOVER. 
 
 " The Glen Collection of Scottish Dance 
 Music . . . arranged ... for the pianoforte. 
 Containing an introduction on Scottish dance 
 music, sketches of musicians, and music- 
 sellers . . . and a chronological list of works, * 
 Edinburgh, book 1, 1891 ; book 2, 1895. An 
 accurate and valuable work. This he intends 
 to follow up with a work on " Early Scottish 
 Melodies," designed to clear up the miscon- 
 ceptions regarding their origin and history 
 which have arisen. His brother, Robert 
 (born at Edinburgh in 1835), is an artist and 
 skilful mechanic, who has acquired a col- 
 lection of musical instruments of some arch- 
 ffiological value. The firm of J. & R. Glen 
 has issued some books of instructions for 
 playing the Bagpipe, and various collections 
 of bagpipe music, among which may be 
 named " Collection for the great Highland 
 bagpipe, containing instructions and 52 
 marching, dancing and slow airs, etc." 
 Edinburgh, n.d., 3 parts. 
 
 Glencorse, Peter, choir conductor and 
 teacher, was born at Edinburgh, April 17, 
 1852. He studied under James Sneddon, 
 A. C. Mackenzie, G. C. Martin, etc. He sang 
 in various Edinburgh choirs as a bass, and in 
 1883 succeeded Joseph Geoghegan as choir- 
 master of Old Greyfriars Church. As conduc- 
 tor of a choral society in Edinburgh, ]\Ir. 
 Glencorse has produced many good works 
 with much acceptance. 
 
 Glossop, Mrs., bom Pbaron, operatic 
 vocalist, who sang at La Scala, ]\Iilan, in 
 1823-25, and appeared at the King's Theatre, 
 London, in 1834. She married Joseph Glos- 
 sop, the impresario, and was the grandmother 
 of the late Sir Augustus Harris the theatrical 
 manager. 
 
 Glover, Charles William, composer and 
 violinist, born, London, February, 1806. He 
 studied under T. Cooke, and became violinist 
 at Drury Lane and Covent Garden Theatres. 
 He afterwards acted as musical director of 
 the Queen's Theatre from 1832. Died, Lon- 
 don, March 23, 1863. He published a very 
 large number of songs and pf. pieces, very few 
 of which now survive. 
 
 Glover, J. H. L., composer and writer, 
 author of a " Concise Organ Tutor," London 
 (Goddard), n.d. Te Deum, songs, pf. music. 
 
 Glover, John William, composer, organ- 
 ist, and teacher, born at Dublin, June 19, 
 1815. He studied in Dublin, and became a 
 violinist in the Dublin orchestra in 1830. 
 In succession to Haydn Corri he became 
 director of the cathedral choir, and in 1848' 
 was appointed professor of vocal music in the 
 Normal Training School of the Irish National 
 Education Board. In 1851 he established 
 the Choral Institute of Dublin, and was con- 
 nected with the organisation of the musical 
 commemorations of O'Connell, Moore, and 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 165 
 
 GLOVER. 
 
 Grattan. He has lectured on Irish music in 
 Dublin and London, and has been active in 
 promoting the cultivation of choral music in 
 Ireland. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Deserted Village (Gold- 
 smith, dramatized by Edmund Falconer) 
 London, 1880 ; Two Italian Operas by Metas- 
 tasio (MS.). Cantatas, etc.: St. Patrick at 
 Tara (O'Connell centenary), 1870 ; Erin's 
 Matin Song, Patria, 1873 ; " One hundred 
 years ago," Ode to Thomas Moore, 1879. 
 Masses, hymns, songs, etc. Concerto for 
 violin and orclicstra in A ; Fantasias ; Con- 
 certos and other music for organ ; Pf. music, 
 etc. He also edited Moore's Irish Melodies, 
 1859, and a large number of musical works for 
 school use. 
 
 His daughter, Erminia (Mrs. Mackey), was 
 a harpist. She died at Dublin, in June, 1883. 
 
 Qlover, Sarah Ann, musician and 
 teacher, daughter of the Rev. Mr. Glover, 
 of Norwich, was born at Norwich, 1785. 
 Died at Malvern, October 20, 1867. She 
 invented the Tonic Sjl-fa system of musical 
 notation, which the Rev. John Curweu after- 
 wards modified and changed till its present 
 form was reached. To Miss Glover much 
 credit is necessarily due for the commence- 
 ment of the system now so universally used 
 in Britain. She published " A manual of the 
 Norwich Sol-fa System . . . . " [1845] ; 
 "]\Iauual containing a Development of the 
 Tetrachordal system," London [1850]. 
 
 Glover, Stephen, composer, brother of 
 C. W. Glover, was born at Loudon, in 1812. 
 He was a teacher and composer in London, 
 and died there on December 7, 1870. 
 
 Works. — Songs : Annie on the banks o'Dee ; 
 Mary Astore ; Oh ! give me back my child- 
 hood's dreams; The maiden's dream; Dreams 
 of childhood ; I dream of thee ; The minstrel 
 knight ; The river of song ; Woman's wiles ; 
 Yes or no ; Abide with me ; Autumn eve ; 
 Bonnie Teviotdale ; Beware ; Break, break, 
 break ; Down the green lane ; Ellen Vane ; 
 Fair rose of Killarney ; Flower of the south ; 
 Fond memory ; Good words ; I love him, 
 yes ; Ildegonda ; King of the ocean wave ; 
 Lays of the London season ; Merry mountain 
 maid ; May Queen ; Oh far the bloona o' my 
 ain native heather ; Oh ye mountain streams ; 
 Pearl of the east; Songs of other years; There 
 once was a knight ; Underneath your window ; 
 Winter night ; Would you remember me. 
 Diiets : The cuckoo ; The dove ; The fairies' 
 serenade ; The gleaners ; Our bark is on the 
 Rhine ; Return of the swallows ; Savoyard 
 maids ; Tlie skylark ; Hymn to the night ; 
 Stars of the summer night ; The curfew bell ; 
 The gipsy countess; To the woods! to the 
 woods ; Voices of the night ; What are the 
 wild waves saying ? Four-part songs, trios, 
 etc. Pianoforte music, transcriptions, etc. 
 
 GODDARD. 
 
 Glover, William, organist and composer, 
 was born at London, in 1822. He was a 
 chorister in Trinity College, Cambridge, 
 1829-88, and studied under Walmisley. Or- 
 ganist successively of Christ Church, Cam- 
 bridge, 1841-42 ; St. Matthew's, Manchester, 
 1842 ; St. Luke's, Cheetham, 184G. 
 
 He has composed two oratorios " Jerusa- 
 lem," 1848, and "Emmanuel," 1851, both 
 produced at Manchester ; The " Corsair," 
 cantata, 1849 (printed 1856) ; Chamber music, 
 pf. music, songs, etc. 
 
 Glover, William Howard, composer and 
 violinist, born at Kilburn, London, June 6, 
 1819. Son of Mrs. Glover, the actress. He 
 studied music under Wagstaff, and for a time 
 travelle i in Europe. Member of the staff 
 of the Morning Post. Resided in U.S.A. 
 from 1868, and died at New York, October 
 28, 1875. 
 
 Works. — Operas and operettas : Ruy Bias, 
 Covent Garden, London, October, 1861 ; 
 Aminta, Haymarket, London ; Once too often ; 
 The Coquette ; Palomita, or the Veiled Song- 
 stress. Tana o' Shanter, cantata, Loudon, 
 July, 1855 ; Overture for orchestra, Manfred ; 
 Twelve Romances for pf., in 2 books ; Vocal 
 quartets, duets, etc. Miscellaneous pf . music ; 
 Songs for voice and pf. 
 
 Goddard, Arabella (Davison), pianist, 
 born at St. Servan, near St. Malo, Brittany, 
 January 12, 1836. Daughter of Thomas God- 
 dard (died at Boulogne, July 19, 1890), of a 
 Salisbury family. When a little child of four 
 she played in public in her native village, and 
 two years later received instruction from 
 Kalkbrenner, in Paris. At the age of eight 
 she played before the Queen and Prince 
 Consort at Buckingham Palace, and at the 
 same age (1844), published six Waltzes for 
 pianoforte (D'Almaine). Her instructors at 
 this time were Mrs. Anderson, and Thalberg. 
 She made her debut at the Grand National 
 Concerts at Her Majesty's Theatre, October 
 30, 1850. For the next three years she studied 
 with J. W. Davison (^.u.) , to whom she was mar- 
 ried in 1860. She also studied harmony under 
 G. A. Macfarren. Her reappearance took place 
 at Willis's Rooms, April 14, 1853, at a concert 
 of the Quartet Association, when she played 
 Beethoven's Sonata in B flat, Op. 106. On 
 Rlay 11, she played at the New Philharmonic 
 Concerts, Bennett's Concerto in C minor ; 
 and the same work at the Philharmonic, 
 where she played for the first time, June 9, 
 1856. In 1854-5 she toured in Germany, and 
 played at the Gewandhaus Concerts, Leipzig, 
 January 11, 1855, Mendelssohn's D minor 
 Concerto. Returning to England she was 
 recognised as one of the greatest pianists of 
 the time. She appeared at the Crystal Palace, 
 March 15, 1858 ; Leeds Festival, 1858 ; Bir- 
 mingham, 1861-70 ; Gloucester, 1865 ; and 
 
166 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 GODDARD. 
 
 at all the leading concerts throughout the 
 country. She first appeared at the Popular 
 Concerts, March 9, 1S59, at an extra IMozart 
 Night, on a Wednesday ; and was for many 
 years associated with that undertaking In 
 1873 she left for a tour in Australia, America, 
 and all round the world, returning in 1876. 
 About 1880 she gave up public work, and 
 devoted herself to teaching ; but reappeared 
 at Sims Reeves's Concert, March 21, 1882. 
 Later, her health failing, she retired to Tun- 
 bridge Wells, where she still resides. She 
 published a ballad, and some pf. pieces, 
 1852-3. A concert was given for her benefit 
 in St. James's Hall, March 9, 1890. 
 
 Goddard, Joseph, writer and composer, 
 born in 1833. Author of " M jral Tlieory of 
 Music," 1857 ; " Philosophy of Music : a 
 series of essays," London, 1862 ; " Musical 
 Development, or remarks on the spirit of the 
 principal Musical Forms," London, n.d. ; 
 " New Graduated Method for the Pianoforte," 
 n.d. ; " Time Exercises for the use of Piano- 
 forte Students," n d. ; " A study of Gounod's 
 sacred Trilogy, 'The Redemption,'" London 
 [1883] . Contributions lo Musical Times, 1885, 
 etc. Songs, pf. music, etc. 
 
 Godding, James Henry, organist and 
 composer, born about 1820. He was organist 
 for nineteen years of tlie Parisli Cliurcli of 
 Newbury, where lie died, April 20, 1884. 
 Compiler of " Parochial Psalmodist, being a 
 collection of psalm and hymn tunes," London, 
 n.d., with appendix. 
 
 Godfrey, Charles, bandmaster and com- 
 poser, born at Kingston. Surrey, November 22, 
 1790. At an early age became a drummer in 
 the First Royal Surrey Militia; posted to the 
 band of the Coldstream Guards, cori)oral, 
 April 10, 1820 ; Sergeant, May 3, following ; 
 and Master of the band, February 5, 1825. 
 Discharged from military engagement, July 8, 
 1834, but continued as civilian bandmaster 
 until his death, December 12, 1863. Was 
 present with the band in Paris, 1815. Mu- 
 sician in ordinary to tlie King, 1831. He 
 arranged a good deal of nrusic for military 
 bands. Tliree of his sons became distinguished 
 bandmasters : — 
 
 Godfrey, Daniel, the eldest son, born at 
 Westminster, September 4, 1831, was educated 
 at the R.A.M., of which institution he is a 
 Fellow, and also professor of military music. 
 Appointed bandnaaster of the Grenadier 
 Guards, August 29, 1856. Gazetted Honorary 
 Second Lieutenant in the army, June 21, 1887, 
 the first Englisli bandmaster to hold Her 
 Majesty's Commission ; Travelled with his 
 band in the United States of America, 1872. 
 Has arranged much music for military bands, 
 andis the composer of the "Mabel," "Hilda," 
 and otlier waltzes, etc. In 1896 lie retired 
 from the army, and formed a band of his own. 
 
 GOMEZ. 
 
 Received a testimonial from the officers of the 
 Guards, March 8, 1897. His son, Daniel 
 Eyers Godfrey, L.R.A.M., was appointed 
 conductor of the London military band, 1890. 
 He toured in South Africa, 1891-2, and since 
 his return has established his reputation as a 
 bandmaster at the Crystal Palace, Bourne- 
 mouth, etc. He has published some pieces 
 for pf. 
 
 Godfrey, Adolphus Frederick, second 
 son of Charles Godfrey, was born in 1887. 
 He was educated at the R.A.M., and made a 
 Fellow. Entered the Coldstream Regiment, 
 September 2, 1856 ; served witli his father as 
 sergeant of the band, and succeeded him as 
 bandmaster, December 14, 1863. Was com- 
 pelled to resign owing to ill-health, 1880, and 
 died, August 28, 1882. He wrote a number 
 of dance pieces, and other music of a popular 
 character. 
 
 Godfrey', Charles, third son of Charles 
 Godfrey, was born January 17, 1839. Student 
 and Fellow, R. A.M. Bandmaster of tlie Scots 
 Fusilier Guards, 1859-68, and of the Royal 
 Horse Guards from 1868 to tlie present time. 
 He isprofessorof militarymusic at the R.C.M., 
 and at the Guildhall School. His composi- 
 tions and arrangements are very numerous, 
 including the popular Princess Beatrice, 
 Princess Louise, Blush Rose waltzes, etc., and 
 he is editor of The Orpheus, a military music 
 periodical. He has three sons wlio are 
 musicians: Arthur E. Godfrey, student and 
 associate, R.A.M., who was appointed musical 
 director at tlie Sliaftesbury Theatre, London, 
 1890, and is the composer of a string quartet, 
 songs, etc. Charles George, also a student, 
 R.A.M., and composer of some orchestral 
 pieces and songs; and Herbert A. Godfrey, 
 who was appointed bandmaster at Christ's 
 Hospital. 
 
 Qoldwin, John, or Golding, organist 
 and composer, born in 1670. He studied 
 under Dr. W. Child. Organist St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor, 1697. Master of the Choris- 
 ters, do., 1703. He died at Windsor, Novem- 
 ber 7, 1719. He composed a service in F ; 
 Anthems : Behold my servant ; I will sing 
 unto the Lord ; Love the Lord ; praise 
 God in His Holiness, etc. 
 
 Gomez, Alice, vocalist (mezzo-soprano), 
 was born at Calcutta, her father being of 
 Spanish and lier mother of Portuguese des- 
 cent. She studied under Mr. T. Henry Webb, 
 organist of the Protestant Cathedral, Calcutta, 
 also learning the organ sufficiently well to be 
 able to play a service. At first her voice was 
 a high soprano, and she studied such roles as 
 Leonora in "Trovatore." Ultimately, her 
 voice settled into a mezzo-soprano of great 
 compass, and remarkable evenness and purity 
 of tone. She left Calcutta in 1885, and made 
 her first appearance in England at a concert 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 167 
 
 GOODBAN. 
 
 given by Mr. Webb, at the Kensington Town 
 Hall, July 14, 1885. Her debut at the Crystal 
 Palace took place April 9, 1887, and she now 
 holds a high position as a coucert-singer, 
 having appeared at the priucipal concerts in 
 London aud the provinces. In 1891, she was 
 married to Mr. Webb, now resident at Tor- 
 quay. 
 
 Qoodban, Thomas, composer and writer, 
 was born at Canterbury December, 1781. 
 Chorister Canterbury Cathedral. He studied 
 music under S. Porter, and was afterwards 
 articled to a solicitor. Resigned the Law in 
 1798. Lay-clerk Canterbury Cathedral, 1809. 
 Leader of the Catch Chib, Canterbury, 1810. 
 He died at Canterbury, May 1, 1863. 
 
 Works. — Glees, sougs, pf. music. New 
 and complete guide to the art of playing the 
 violin, London, 1810. Guide to the piano, 
 1811. Rudiments of music, London, 1825 ; 
 new edition, 1836. New and complete intro- 
 duction to singing, London, 1829. 
 
 His son Charles (1812-1881) was a Mus. 
 Bac, Oxon., 1847, and composed some miscel- 
 laneous pieces, the "Vocal Albuna" (1850J, etc. 
 Henry William, A.R.A.M., another son, 
 born 1816, is a violoncello player and com- 
 poser, having written " Bayham Abbey;" 
 overture, Crystal Palace, 1885 ; pf. music and 
 sougs. Thomas Goodban, a third son, born 
 1822, is a violinist, and James Frederick 
 Goodban, A.R.A.M , a nephew, is an organist 
 and composer. 
 
 Qoodgroome, John, composer, born in 
 1630. He was a chorister of St. George's 
 Chapel, Winasor, and became a gentleman 
 of the Ciiapel Royal in 1660. Musician in 
 ordinary to the King, 1664 He died in June, 
 1704. Composer of concerted sacred and 
 secular vocal music, songs, etc. 
 
 Qoodhart, Arthur Murray, assistant 
 classical master at Eton College, has com- 
 posed a ballad for chorus and orchestra, 
 " Earl Haldan's Daughter," produced, Lon- 
 don, January 21, 1891 ; A " Dorian song " 
 (founded on W. Jackson's Canzonets, by F. 
 Corder), for soprano solo, chorus, and orches- 
 tra ; "Arechusa"; School songs, etc. He 
 .graduated Mus. Bac, 1892, Cambridge; B A., 
 1888; M.A., 1894. 
 
 Qoodson, Richard, composer and or- 
 ganist, born about thu middle of the 17th 
 century. Organist Christ Church and New 
 College, O.xford. ilus. Bac, O.xon., 1682, and 
 Professor of .Music at Oxford l niversity, in 
 succession to Edward Lowe, July, 1682. He 
 died, January 13, 1718. Composer of a few 
 odes, songs, etc., mostly in ]\1S. 
 
 His sou, Richard, born in latter part of 
 17tli century, wa> organist of Newbury till 
 1709. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1716. He succeeded 
 his father as organist of Christ Church and 
 New College, Oxford, and in the Professorship 
 
 GOSS. 
 
 of Music, 1718. He died June 9, 1741. His 
 compositions, in MS., are preserved in the 
 library of Christ Chuich, and in the Music 
 School at Oxford. 
 
 Goodwin, Amina Beatrice, pianist, 
 born at IManchester, daughter of John Law- 
 rence Goodwin, violinist and conductor (died, 
 May, 1883). Received her first lessons from 
 her father, and appeared in public at the age 
 of six. Studied at Leipzig Conservatorium 
 under Reinecke and Jadassohn; and later, 
 under Delaborde, at Paris. Gave concerts in 
 Manchester in 1882 ; played at Covent Garden 
 Promenade Concerts, November, 1883 ; and 
 appeared at the Crystal Palace, April 12, 1884, 
 playing Mendelssohn's Concerto in D minor. 
 Previous to this she had enjoyed the advantage 
 of studying under Liszt, at Weimar. Later, 
 she studied with Madame Schumann, making 
 her reiitree in London in 1892, and now rank- 
 ing among the leading pianists of the day. 
 In 1895 she founded a Pianoforte College for 
 ladies. She is married to Mr. W. Ingram- 
 Adams, an American, whose new national 
 anthem she has set to music. She has com- 
 posed some pieces for pf., and is author of 
 Practical Hints on the Technique and Touch 
 of Pianoforte Playing, Augener, 1892. 
 
 Qoold, Rev. Ebenezer, writer on music. 
 Studied privately. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1883; M.A., 1883, Dublin; Mus. Bac, 1884, 
 London. Has composed a setting of Psalm 46, 
 for solo, chorus, and orchestra. Author of 
 Story of the jMessiah ; Descriptive programme 
 of the great musical works. 
 
 Gordon, George, Roman Catholic min- 
 ister and musician, was born at Fochabers, 
 Elgin, ]\Iarch 27, 1776. He was a violinist 
 and composer, and issued two collections of 
 sacred music for the use of choirs. He studied 
 at Valladolid for the Roman Catholic priest- 
 hood. He died at Dufftown, May 10, 1856. 
 
 Gordon, John, musician, born at London, 
 March 26, 1702. Educated at Westminster 
 School and Trinity College, Cambridge. He 
 studied for the Law in 1718-22, aud became 
 Professor of Music at Gresham College, Jan- 
 uary 16, 1723. Called to Bar, 1725. He died 
 at London, December 12, 1739. 
 
 Gordon, William, musician and flute- 
 player, was born at the end of the 18th century. 
 He studied under Drouet, and became a 
 Captain of the Swiss Guards in Paris. Com- 
 menced improving flute mechanism, 1830. 
 He died insane, in consequence of unsuccessful 
 experiments, about 1839. His system of 
 fingering was perfected by Boehm, but author- 
 ities differ both as regards the original inven- 
 tion and subsequent improvements. 
 
 Goss, John Jeremiah, vocalist, born at 
 Salisbury in 1770. He was chorister in Salis- 
 bury Cathedral, and lay-vicar, do. Gentle- 
 man of Chapel Royal, 1808. Vicar-choral, 
 
168 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 GOSS. 
 
 St. Paul's Cathedral. Lay-vicar of West- 
 minster Abbey. Principal alto at meetings 
 of the Three Choirs. He died in London, 
 April 25, 1817. 
 
 Qoss, Sir John, Kt., composer and or- 
 ganist, born at Pareham, Hants., December 
 27, 1800. Son of JosejDh Goss, organist, of 
 that place. Chorister in Cha^ael Koyal, under 
 J. S. Smith, 1811. He studied under Attwood, 
 and became organist of Stockwell Chapel, 
 1821 ; organist of St. Luke's, Chelsea, 1824-38 ; 
 organist, St. Paul's Cathedral, 1838-72. Com- 
 poser to Chapel Royal, 1856-72. Knighted, 
 1872. Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1876. He died 
 at Brixton, London, May 10, 1880. 
 
 Works. — Church Service, in A ; Burial 
 Service, in E minor ; Te Deum for H.M. 
 Thanksgiving at St. Paul's Cathedral, for the 
 restoration to health of H.R.H. the Prince of 
 Wales. Benedictus. Te Deums in C, D, 
 and F ; Cantate Domino and Deus misereatur, 
 in C ; Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis, in E. 
 Anthems : Almighty and merciful God ; And 
 the king said to all tlie people (dirge) ; Behold 
 I bring you good tidings ; Blessed is the man ; 
 Brother, thou art gone before us ; Christ, our 
 Passover ; Come, and let us return unto the 
 Lord; Fear not, O land; Have mercy upon 
 me ; Hear, Lord ; I heard a voice from 
 heaven ; I will magnify Thee, O God ; If -we 
 believe that Jesus died ; In Christ dwelleth ; 
 Lift up thine eyes round about ; give thanks ; 
 O Lord God, Thou strength of my health ; 
 O praise the Lord ; praise the Lord of 
 heaven ; Saviour of the world ; O taste and 
 see ; Praise the I^ord, my soul ; Stand up 
 and bless the Lord your God ; The glory of 
 the Lord ; The Lord is my strength ; These 
 are they which follow the Lamb ; The wilder- 
 ness. Seven glees, and a madrigal, London, 
 1852; six glees, and a madrigal, 1826. Par- 
 ochial Psalmody, a collection of ancient and 
 modern tunes, London, 4 vols., 1827. Collec- 
 tion of Voluntaries by eminent composers, 
 organ. The Organist's Companion, 4 vols. 
 Collection of Voluntaries, various composers. 
 The sacred minstrel . . 1833, 3 vols. Church 
 Psalter and Hymn Book, for the use of con- 
 gregations and families, by Rev. Wm. Mercer, 
 M.A., Incumbent of St. George's, Sheffield, 
 London, 1862. An introduction to Harmony 
 and Thorough-bass, London, 1833. IMano- 
 forte Students' Catechism of the Rudiments 
 of Music, London, 1835. Collection of chants, 
 ancient and modern, in score . . . 1841. Over- 
 tures for orchestra, in F, Philharmonic Soc- 
 iety, 1825; also one in E flat, and miscel- 
 laneous orchestral music. Songs, etc. 
 
 Goss, Joseph, organist, youngest brother 
 of Sir John Goss. Born at Poole, Dorset, 
 1809. In 1822, went to his brother in Lon- 
 don. Succeeded Henry Smart, at St. Philip's, 
 Regent Street, and was well-known in London 
 
 GOW. 
 
 and Brighton (where he resided) as a piano- 
 forte teacher. In 1876, he retired from the 
 profession, and went to reside at Surbiton, 
 where he died February 13, 1892. 
 
 Qostick, Joseph, author of " A Manuel 
 of Music," Edinburgh, 1851. 
 
 Gostling, Rev. John, bass vocalist, born 
 in [1652], died in 1733. Was the possessor 
 of a most powerful voice of great compass, 
 for which is is said Purcell composed some 
 sacred and other music. 
 
 Gould, Rev. Sabine Baring=, theological 
 writer, novelist, and song collector, born at 
 Exeter, January 28, 1834. Educated at Clare 
 College, Cambridge ; M.A., 1856 ; Ordained 
 1864; Incumbent of Dalton, Thirsk, 1869; 
 Rector of East Mersea, Colchester, 1871-1881. 
 On the death of his father in 1872, he suc- 
 ceeded to the family property, and in 1881, 
 to the rectory of Lew-Tren chard, Devon, of 
 which county he is justice of the peace. 
 Author of " Lives of the Saints," 15 vols., 
 and other theological works ; " Mehalah," 
 " John Herring," and many other novels. 
 In conjunction with the Rev. H. Fleetwood 
 Sheppard, he has collected and arranged 
 " Songs of the West," " A Garland of Country 
 Song," both published by Methuen, London; 
 and edited " English Minstrelsie," 8 vols., 
 Edinburgh, Jack, 1895 ; and a " Book of 
 Nursery Songs and Rhymes," Methuen, 1895. 
 He has composed various hymns, "Eudoxia," 
 and other pieces. 
 
 Gow, Niel, violinist and composer, born 
 at Inver, Dunkeld, March 22, 1727. Taught 
 violin by John Cameron, a retainer in the 
 Grandtully family. He was twice married, 
 and had large families. He played at the 
 principal gatherings and balls of his time, in 
 the large towns of Scotland, lie died at Inver, 
 March 1, 1807. 
 
 Works. — A collection of Strathspey Reels, 
 with a bass for the violoncello or harpsichord, 
 dedicated to Her Grace the Duchess of Athole, 
 Edinburgh (Corri), [1784]. Second collec- 
 tion, dedicated to the noblemen and gentlemen 
 of the Caledonian Hunt, Edinburgh (Corri), 
 [1788]. Third collection, dedicated to the 
 Marchioness of Tweeddale, Edinburgh, [1792J. 
 A complete repository of original Scots slow 
 strathspeys and dances (the dances arranged 
 as medleys for the harp, pianoforte, violin, 
 and violoncello), Edinburgh [1799], issued in 
 four parts. Fifth and sixth collections of 
 strathspey reels, 1808 and 1822. 
 
 As personal recollections can not now be 
 brought to bear on the subject of Gow's 
 character, we have transcribed the following 
 passage, which, with a curious portrait, 
 appears in T. Garnett's " Observations on a 
 Tour through the Highlands, etc., of Scot- 
 land." Second edition, vol. 2, p. 73, London, 
 1811:— 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 169 
 
 GOW. 
 
 "... We were favoured with a visit from 
 Niel Gow, a singular and well-known char- 
 acter, and a celebrated performer on the 
 violin. When I call him a celebrated per- 
 former, I do not mean that he can execute 
 the sweet Italian airs with the touch of a 
 Cramer. His only music is that of his native 
 country, which he has acquired chiefly by the 
 ear, being entirely self-taught ; but he plays 
 the Scotch airs with a spirit and enthusiasm 
 peculiar to himself. . . . He excels most in 
 the Strathspeys, which are jigs played with a 
 peculiar spirit and life, but he executes the 
 laments, or funeral music, with a great deal 
 of pathos." 
 
 A great deal of nonsense has been written 
 about the Gow family, and numerous fables 
 of all sorts have been published regarding 
 JSTiel and his alleged doings. In Glen's " Col- 
 lection of Scottish Dance Music, book 2, 1895, 
 there is a very fair and impartial examination 
 of some of these stories, and a careful sifting 
 of his compositions, whereby many of them 
 are rightly assigned to other composers. 
 
 Qow, Nathaniel, violinist and composer, 
 born at Inver, near Dunkeld, May 28, 1763. 
 Fourth son of Niel Gow. He studied under 
 his father, R. M'Intosh, IM'Glashan, and 
 J. Reinagie. Violinist at Edinburgh under 
 his brother William. One of H.]\I. trumpeters 
 for Scotland, 1782. Succeeded his brother 
 William as leader of the Edinburgh concerts, 
 1791. Established in Music-publishing 
 husiness Avith W. Shepherd at Edinburgh, 
 1796-1813. Gave up business, but subsequenly 
 resumed it in partnership with his son Niel. 
 Continued the firm till 1827. He died at 
 Edinburgh, January 19, 1831. 
 
 Works. — The Beauties of Niel Gow, being 
 a Selection of the most favourite tunes from 
 his first, second, and third collections of 
 strathspey reels and jigs, chiefly comprising 
 the compositions of Niel Gow and Sons (edited 
 by Nathaniel). Edinburgh, 8 parts. The 
 Vocal ^Melodies of Scotland, arranged for the 
 pianoforte, or harp, violin, and violoncello, by 
 Nath. Gow. Edin.,3parts, n.d. The Ancient 
 curious Collection of Scotland, consisting of 
 genuine Scotch tunes, with their original 
 variations, with basses throughout, for the 
 pianoforte, or harp, violin and 'cello. Ded. 
 to Sir Walter Scott. Edin., 1823. A Select 
 Collection of original dances, waltzes, marches, 
 minuets, and airs.. many of which are com- 
 posed, and the whole arranged for the pf. and 
 harp by Nath. Gow, Edin. A Collection of 
 Strathspey Reels, with a bass for the violon- 
 cello, or harpsichord, containing the most 
 approved old and the most fashionable new 
 reels, some of which are composed, and others 
 with additions, by Nath. Gow. Edin. [1797] . 
 Complete Repository of Old and New Scotch 
 Strathspeys, Reels, and Dances. Edin., n.d.. 
 
 GRAHAM. 
 
 3 books. Nathaniel Gow is best remembered 
 as the composer of " Caller Herrin," and 
 " Bothwell Castle," the former being very 
 popular. 
 
 Qow, Niel, Jun., violinist and composer, 
 born about 1795. Son of Nathaniel Gow. 
 He was a partner in the music-publishing 
 business in Edinburgh with his father. He 
 died at Edinburgh, November 7, 1823. 
 
 W^ORKS. — Edinburgh Collection of Glees, 
 Catches, Duetts, etc., Edin., n.d. A Collection 
 of Airs, Reels, and Strathspeys, being the 
 posthumous compositions of the late Niel Gow, 
 Junr., arranged for pf., harp, violin, or 'cello, 
 by Nathaniel Gow. Edin., 1849. 
 
 This most promising young man died after 
 giving convincing proofs of his capacity for 
 musical composition. His melodies, "Bonnie 
 Prince Charlie" and "Flora IMacdonald's 
 Lament," are well-known all over the world. 
 He composed a number of melodies to words 
 by Hogg, etc., but the two songs named are 
 those by which he is best known. 
 
 Other members of this family were Andrew 
 [1760-1803], John [1764; died, London, 
 November 22, 1826], and William [1751- 
 1791] , all of whom were musicians of some 
 fame in their day, the last being especially 
 well known as a fresh and vigorous violinist. 
 They all composed reels and strathspeys of 
 merit. 
 
 Qoward, Mary Anne, sec Keeley, Mrs. 
 
 Qower, John Henry, organist, pianist 
 and composer, born at Rugby, May 25, 1855. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1876; Mus. Doc, 1883, 
 Oxford. In 1876, he was appointed organist 
 and music master at Trent College, Notts., 
 where he remained until 1887, when he went 
 to Denver, Colorado, U.S.A., as precentor and 
 organist of the cathedral there. He gave 
 organ recitals in various towns in England; 
 was an early and enthusiastic member of the 
 I.S.M. ; conductor of the Long Eaton Phil- 
 harmonic Society; and a captain in the First 
 Derbyshire Regiment, Volunteer Battalion. 
 His compositions comprise a cantata, "The 
 Good Shepherd" ; part-songs, songs, etc. In 
 1887, he read a paper, "The needs of the 
 Musical Profession," at the annual meeting 
 of the Music Teachers' National Association 
 of the U.S.A. 
 
 Qraddon, Miss, soprano vocalist, born at 
 Bishop's Lydiard, near Taunton, 1804. She 
 studied under Tom Cooke ; sang at Vauxhall 
 in 1822, and at Dublin in 1823. Afterwards 
 she appeared at Liverpool, Manchester, Lon- 
 don, and throughout the English provinces. 
 On November 10, 1824, she sang in " Der 
 Freischutz, at London. Died? 
 
 Graeme, Elliot, Author of "Beethoven: 
 a memoir," London, 1870, two editions. 
 Novels, etc. 
 
 Graham, George Farquhar, composer 
 
170 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 GRAHAM. 
 
 and writer, born at Edinburgh, December 29, 
 1789. Son of Colonel Humphrey Graham. 
 He was educated at the High School and 
 University of Edinburgh, but was chiefly 
 self-taufiht in music. Witli George Hogarth 
 he acted as joint-secretary to the Edinburgh 
 Musical Festival, in 1815. For a time he 
 resided in Italy. He was an unsuccessful 
 candidate for the Music chair of Edinburgh 
 University. Died at Edinburgh, IMarch 12, 
 1867. 
 
 Works. — Twelve pieces of vocal music, 
 with accompaniments for the pf. ; composed, 
 and as a small tribute of Scottish respect, 
 inscribed to the memory of Haydn, by a 
 Dilettante, Edinburgh, 1811. The songs of 
 Scotland, adapted to their appropriate melo- 
 dies . . . with historical, biographical, and 
 critical notices . . . Edinburgh, 1848-4'J, 3 
 vols. Glees, hymns, songs, etc. An account 
 of the first Edinburgh ilusical Festival, held 
 . . . 1815, Edinburgh, 1816; 2nd edition, 1835. 
 Elements of singing . . . Edinburgh, 1817. 
 Essay on the theory and practice of Musical 
 Composition . . . Edinburgh, 1838. [Being a 
 reprint, with additions, of the article ' ' MuSic " 
 in the 7th and 8th editions of the Encyclo- 
 pasdia Britannicaj . General observations 
 upon IMusic, and remarks upon Mr. Logier's 
 system, Edinburgh, 1817. Notes and editorial 
 work in connection with the publication of 
 the "Skene MS." (Dauney). 
 
 Graham, James Lascelles, organist and 
 writer, born at Edinburgh, ]May 22, 1854. 
 He is music-master of the High School of 
 S'irling, and organist of Allan Park Church 
 there. He is author of ■' Music made easy," 
 London, n.d., a pianofort,e uitor. 
 
 Qraham, Maria, author of " A few words 
 on the formation of the Major and ]\Iinor 
 Scales, in a letter to her pupils, by M. G," 
 London, 1852. 
 
 Qraham, Thomas, composer and organist, 
 born in 1800, died in 1867. He was organist 
 of the Parish Church, Wigan, and a composer 
 of vocal music. His daughter, AIary Ann. is 
 Madame Enderssohn, the soprano singer, 
 for ma y years a popular favourite. 
 
 Grain, Richard Corney, entertainer. 
 born at Teversham, Cambridgeshire, October 
 26, 1844. He was educated for the law, and 
 called to the Bar in 1866. His gifts for music 
 and mimicry soon decided his career, and he 
 joined the German Reed Entertainment, May 
 16, 1870 There he continued for th : rest of 
 his life, performing in 1 iondon and the pro- 
 vinces. He wrote an immense number of 
 amusing sketches, of which may be mentioned 
 Small and early, Spring's delights, Troubles of 
 a tourist. Echoes of the upera. Back in town, 
 That fatal menu ; as well as setting music to 
 pieces by Arthur I .aw and others. His ex- 
 periences he embodied in a little book, " Cor- 
 
 GRAY. 
 
 ney Grain, by himself," London, Murray, 1888. 
 He died in London, March 16, 1895, a year 
 fatal to the whole German Reed combination. 
 
 Grant, Donald, teacher and composer, 
 a native of Elgin, iDublished " A collection of 
 strathspeys, reels, jigs, etc., for the pianoforte, 
 violin, and violoncello," Edinburgh [1790]. 
 
 Grant, Sir James Hope, musician, born 
 1808; died 1875. He entered the army in 
 1826, ai d served in China, etc. He retired, 
 from tlie army a General. See " Life of 
 General Hope Giant, by H. Knollys, London,, 
 1894, 2 vols. His portrait, representing him 
 pi lying the violoncello, panited by his brother,. 
 Sir Francis Grant, P.R.A., is in the National 
 Portrait Gallery, London He composed 
 Three sketches for pf. and 'cello ; The sea 
 and the lake, for pf. and 'cello; Notturno for 
 pf. and 'cello ; Tlie three violoncello makers, 
 for pf. and 'cello ; Elegie for pf ; Voluntaries 
 for the organ ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Grant, John Campbell, musician and 
 writer, was born at Edinburgh, in 1839. He 
 hoi Js various teaching appointments in Edin- 
 burgh. Author of " Elements of music and 
 siny:ing." 
 
 Grassineau, Jacques, musician, born, 
 London, 1715 ; died there, 1769. Author of 
 " Musical Dictionary, being a collection of 
 terms and characters. .London, 1740. 
 
 Gray, Alan, composer and organist, born 
 at York, December 23, 1855. Educated at 
 St. Peter's School, York, and Trinity College, 
 Cambridge, being intended for the legal pro- 
 fession. Studied music under Dr. E.G. Monk. 
 Graduated LI..B., 1877 ; LL.M., 1883; Mus. 
 Bac, 1886; xMus. Doc, 1889, Cambridge. In 
 1883, he was appointed musical director at 
 Wellington College, and in 1892 succeeded 
 Professor St^,nford as orgauist of Trinity 
 College, Cambridge, and Conductor of the 
 University Alusical Society, positions he still 
 holds. 
 
 Works. — The Widow of Zarephath (a read- 
 ing, with choral exposicion), produced in York 
 Minster, Mav, 1888. Cantatas : Arethusa 
 (Slielley). Leeds Festival, 1892 ; The Legend 
 of the Rock Buoy Bell, Hovingham Festival, 
 1893 ; The Vision of Belshazzar, the same, 
 1896. Ill MS., Milton's version of Psalm T 
 (exercise for Mus. Doc); An East^jr Ode, for 
 soli, chorus, and orchestra (composed 1892) ; 
 and a Festival Te Denm, with orchestra 
 (composed 1895). Church Services in P, and 
 A; Anthems, etc. Album of four songs; 
 various songs. Overture for full orchestra ;. 
 Quartet, pf. and strings; Quartet, strings, all 
 in MS. Four sonatas (composed 1889); 
 Fantasia, and other pieces for organ. Sonata 
 in G, pf and violin; Sonata, pf. ; and various 
 smaller works. 
 
 Gray, George, musician and vocalist, 
 born at Eton, in June, 1815. He was a vicar- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 171 
 
 GRAY. 
 
 choral of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, and 
 founder of the Choir Benevolent Fund. Died 
 at Dublin, May 8, 1888. 
 
 His father, William Henry Gray, born 
 at Eton in 1785, died November 7, 1824, was 
 an organist and composer. 
 
 Gray, John Locke, organist, born in 
 1843. He was the first pupil of Ebenezer 
 Prout when he entered the profession in 1859. 
 He was appointed organist of Lee Chapel, 
 Kent, 1862; then, in succession, of St. Mark's, 
 Lewisham ; St. George the Martyr, Holborn ; 
 Holy Trinity, Richmond, 1872 ; and of Christ 
 Church, Keusington. In 1875 he was ap- 
 pointed organist of Bombay Cathedral. He 
 died at Bombay, from sunstroke, June, 1878. 
 
 Gray, Louisa, I\Irs. Abingd< n Compton, 
 amateur composer of the day. Her operetta, 
 " Between two stools," has been performed 
 in several places ; and she is tlie composer of 
 a number of songs, What an angel heard ; 
 The thread of the story ; Evening star, etc. 
 
 Greatheed, Rev. Samuel Stephenson, 
 clergyman and composer, born near Weston- 
 super-Mare, February 22, 1813. B.A., Cantab.. 
 1835. M.A., 1838. Ordained, 1838. Rector 
 of Corringham, Sussex. 
 
 Works. — Enoch's Prophecy, an oratorio, 
 words by James Montgomery, 1852. English 
 Gradual : a book of plain song for Holy Com- 
 munion, from ancient English sources. Plain 
 song for Holy Communion on ordinary days, 
 so far as it differs from that for feasts ; with 
 offertory sentences, the Dies Ira; (English), 
 and the Order for the Burial of the Dead. 
 Anthems : Blessed is the man ; Ye that fear 
 the Lord; Hail, ghidd'ning light; O God, 
 Thou art worthy to be praised ; Let my soul 
 bless God ; O Lord Almighty, God of Israel ; 
 O Saviour of the world ; The Son of man, etc. 
 
 Qreatorex, Thomas, organist, conductor, 
 and composer, born at North Wingfield. near 
 Chesterfield, Derby, October 5, 1758. He 
 studied under Dr. B. Cooke, 1772. Adopted 
 by the Earl of Sandwich. Chorister at Con- 
 cert of Ancient Music, 1778. Organist of 
 Carlisle Cathedral, 1780-84. Teacher in New- 
 castle, 1784-85. Travelled in Holland and 
 Italy, 1785-88 ; and was introduced to irince 
 Charles Edward Stuart. Teacher in London, 
 1789. Conductor of the Concert of Ancient 
 Music, 1793. Revived the Vocal Concerts, 
 1801. Organist of Westminster Abbey, in 
 succession to G. E. Williams, 1819. Con- 
 ductor of Birmingham Musical Festival. 
 Fellow of Royal and Linnean Societies. He 
 died at Hampton, near London, July 18, 
 1881. 
 
 Works. — Twelve glees from favourite Eng- 
 lish, Irish, and Scotch melodies, London, 
 n.d.[1832]. Psalms, chants, etc. A selection of 
 Tunes . . . London, 1829. Parochial Psalmody, 
 a collection of approved tunes for four voices. 
 
 GREEN. 
 
 in score, with organ or pf. accompaniment, 
 London, n.d. 
 
 Greaves, Thomas, lutenist and com- 
 poser, of 16th and 17th centuries. Biography 
 unknown. 
 
 Works.— Songs of sundrie kindes, 1604. 
 Reprinted madrigals: Come away, love; Lady, 
 the melting crystal of your eye ; Sweet- 
 nymphs, etc. 
 
 Green, James, organist and composer,, 
 was organist at Hull in first half of last 
 century. He published " A Book of Psalmody, 
 containing chanting tunes for the Canticles, 
 etc. . . . the reading Psalms, with eighteen 
 anthems and a variety of Psalm-tunes in four 
 parts," 1724; 8th edition, 1734; 11th edition. 
 1751. He aho composed hymns, etc. 
 
 Green, John, composer and teacher, of 
 first half of the present century. Author of 
 " Concise Instructions for performance on 
 the Royal Seraphine and Organ," London, 
 1833. The ser pbine is described as "anew 
 musical instrument having the power of a 
 large organ, in the size and shape of a chif- 
 fionier." Green also issued " A bird's-eye 
 view of the ruriiments of music," London, 
 1844, and adnpted airs, etc. , for the pf. 
 
 Another John Grei'N published " Hints on 
 the Spanish Guitar, being a pieparatory tutor 
 for that instrument," London [1830]. " Lii- 
 tle songs for little singers," issued in parts, 
 etc. 
 
 Green, Joseph N., writer, author of 
 "The Tritone ; a method of harmony and 
 modulation adapted to the scales of keyed 
 instruments, with Appendix, London [1871]. 
 
 Green, Richard, baritone vocalist, born 
 April 21, 1866, in Kensington, London Edu- 
 cated at IMargaie, and began hfe in a city 
 Bank. Studying singing under Edwin Hol- 
 land, he was advised to enter the R.A.M. 
 After two ye^. rs' study there, he went to 
 Milan, in 1888, and studied with Giulio 
 Moretti. Returning to London, in 1890, he 
 was engaged for the Royal English Opera 
 House, and made his debut as Prince John, 
 in Sullivan's " Ivanhoe," January 31, 1891, 
 afterwards taking the part of tlie Templnr. The 
 next season he was engaged for the Savoy, 
 where he created the part of Sir George 
 Vernon, in " Haddon Hall," singing it more 
 than 200 times. He next appeared at Covent 
 Garden, in Italian Opera, creating tlie part 
 of Silvio in " 1 Pagliacci," on its production. 
 May 19, 1893. He had been engaged by Sir 
 Augustus Harris for grand opera every season 
 since, and has achieved success in a great 
 number of works. He is also distinguished 
 as a concert singer, and has appeared at the 
 Saturday Popular Concerts, and other insti- 
 tutions in London and the provinces. 
 
 Green, William, musician, of 4 Cum- 
 berland Street, Shoreditch, compiler of " The 
 
172 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 GREENE. 
 
 Clerk's Companion, or the Christian's vade- 
 mecum, coutaiuiug 373 tunes of two and three 
 parts," London [1820]. " The Ladder to 
 Musical learning," London, 1834. Pf. music, 
 etc. 
 
 Greene, Harry Plunket, bass vocalist, 
 born at Old Connaught House, County Wick- 
 low, June 24, 1865. His mother is the 
 authoress of " Cushions and Corners," and 
 many other popular children's books, and 
 sister of Mr. Uavid Plunket, First Commis- 
 sioner of Works. He was educated at Clifton 
 College, and destined for the Bar; but, gifted 
 with a fine voice, he ultimately decided upon 
 entering the musical profession. In 1883 he 
 went to Stuttgart, and later, to Florence, 
 studying under Vannuccini. On his return 
 to London he had lessons from J. B. Welch, 
 and Alfred Blume. He made his debut at 
 the People's Palace, Stepney, January 21, 
 1888, in Handel's " Messiah." In March 
 following he sang at Novello's Oratorio Con- 
 certs, St. James's Hall, in Gounod's ' ' Redemp- 
 tion " ; at the Crystal Palace, March, 1889 ; 
 and in Germany the same year, being every- 
 where successful. His operatic debut, was at 
 Covent Garden, June 2, 1890; and he first 
 appeared at the Provincial Festivals at Wor- 
 cester in 1890. He has given song recitals all 
 over the country, and has twice visited America, 
 in 1893 (Chicago Exhibition), and 1896. 
 
 Qreene, Maurice, organist and composer, 
 born, London, 1696 [1G95]. Chorister in St. 
 Paul's Cathedral. He studied music under 
 R. Brind. Organist of S. Dunstan in the 
 West, Fleet Street, 1716 ; S. Andrew's, Holborn, 
 1717; S. Paul's Cathedral, 1718; Chapel 
 Royal, 1727. Professor of Music, Cambridge, 
 1730. Doc. Mus., Cantab., 1730. Master of 
 the King's Band, 1735. He died at London, 
 December 1, 1755. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios: Jephthah, 1737; The 
 Force of Truth, 1744. Florimel, or Love's 
 Revenge, dramatic pastoral, 1737 ; The Judg- 
 ment of Hercules, masque, 1740. Phoebe, 
 opera, 1748. Spenser's Amoretti for voice, 
 harpsichord, and violin. Ode on S. Cecilia's 
 Day, Pope, 1730 ; Odes for King's Birthday 
 and New Year's Day, 1730; Catches and 
 Canons, 3 and 4 voices ; The Chaplet, collec- 
 tion of 12 English songs ; Church Service in 
 C, 1737 ; Te Deum in D, 1745 ; Forty select 
 Anthems in Score for , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 
 voices, London, 2 vols., 1743. Songs, organ 
 and harpsichord music, etc. 
 
 Greenish, Arthur James, organist, 
 born at Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, Jan- 
 uary 26, 1860. Musical education partly at 
 R. A.M., partly private. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1885 ; Mus. Doc, 1892, Cambridge. F.R.C.O., 
 F.R.A.^r. In 1880, appointed organist of 
 St. iNIary's, Battersea ; and in 1882, organist 
 and choirmaster of St. Saviour's, South 
 
 GREGORY. 
 
 Hampstead, which offices he still retains. 
 Was conductor of the South Hampstead 
 Musical Society for some time, and is an 
 Examiner for Trinity College, London. In 
 addition to the Degree Exercises (Sing; ye 
 heavens; The miracle at Bethany), he has 
 composed songs, and pieces for violin ; and 
 has published an Evening Service, and some 
 songs. 
 
 His brother, Frederick Robert Greenish, 
 is organist of St. Mary's Church, Haverford- 
 west. He graduated Mus. Bac, 1883, and 
 Mus. Doc, 1891, at Oxford. Composer of 
 "The Church Triumphant" and "Adoration" 
 cantatas ; Clmrch services, anthems, ecc 
 
 Greenwood, James, organist, and teacher 
 of singing, born of a Yorkshire family, in 
 Lancashire, in 1837. At the age of nineteen 
 he went from Todmorden to Bristol, and 
 gained a place as lay-clerk in the Cathedral, 
 an office he resigned in 1877. Wliile there, 
 he studied under S. S. Wesley. He was 
 organist at St. Paul's, Bedminster ; Westbury- 
 on-Trym ; and lastly, at St. Matthew's, 
 Kingsdown. Founder and Hon. Sec. of the 
 Lay-clerk's Choir and Mutual Aid Society, 
 and of a choir, 1870-79. Music-master at 
 Colston School, and the Grammar School, 
 Bristol. A great advocate of the Lancashire 
 Sol-fa, of which he wrote a primer, and a Set 
 of 396 Two-part Exercises for Choirs and 
 Schools, Novello's Primers, Nos. 19 and 23. 
 He also composed some Church Services, 
 anthems, and organ pieces. This earnest 
 and unassuming worker for music died at 
 Clifton, June 14, 1894. 
 
 Greenwood, John, musician and teacher, 
 of Leeds. Published " Selection of antient 
 and modern Psalm tunes . . . ," Leeds [1825] ; 
 "Modulus Sanctus, a collection of sacred 
 music," Leeds, 1828 ; " Psalmody harmonised 
 in score, with accompaniment for organ and 
 pianoforte," Halifax, 1838. 
 
 Greeting, Thomas, teacher of the flageo- 
 let, in London, at the end of the 17th century, 
 Author of "The Pleasant Companion; or 
 new lessons and instructions for the Flage- 
 lot," London, 1666, another edition, 1680. 
 
 Gregg, Annie Jessy, sec sub., Curwen, 
 John Spencer. 
 
 Gregory of Bridlington, musician, of 
 18th century. He was a canon of the Order 
 of St. Augustine, and precentor, and latterly 
 Prior of Bridlington, about 1217. Author of 
 " De Arte Musices," in 3 books. 
 
 Gregory, George Herbert, organist, 
 born at Clewer, near Windsor, December 6, 
 1853. Studied under Samuel Reay. F.R.C.O., 
 1873, and IMus. Bac, Oxford, 1874. Organist 
 of Holy Trinity Episcopal Church, Melrose, 
 1872-4 ; Tamworth Parish Church, 1874-5 ; 
 and Boston Parish Church, 1875, to present 
 time. Conductor of Boston Choral Society 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 173 
 
 GREGORY. 
 
 for some years. He has a good tenor voice, 
 and has occasionally sung in oratorio and 
 concerts in Lincolnshire. Has composed 
 services and other church music, songs, etc., 
 and contributed to the '-Church of Scotland 
 Children's Hymnal," and the authorised 
 " Hymnal of the Established Church of Scot- 
 land." — James Lively Gregory, brother of 
 the preceding, was born at Old Windsor, 
 March 27, 1860. P.R.C.O., 1883, and Mus. 
 Bac, Durham, 1892. Received most of his 
 musical training from his brother, whom lie 
 succeeded at Melrose, in 1875. Prom there 
 he went to Welford Parish Church, in 1877, 
 and to the Parish Church, Ware, in 1880. 
 There he is actively engaged as a teacher ; he 
 is also conductor of the Ware and other Musi- 
 cal Societies. He has published church ser- 
 vices, songs, part-songs, organ and pf. pieces. 
 A third brother, Alfred Edward Gregory, 
 was born at Clehonger, near Hereford, May 
 16, 1862. He also was chiefly educated in 
 music by the eldest brother. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Oxford, 1895. Organist of the Parish 
 Church, Lanark ; conductor of the Lanai-k 
 Select Choir, etc. This family presents the 
 possibly unique circumstance of three brothers 
 holding Degrees in Music. 
 
 Gregory, Rev. John Herbert, author 
 of a " Letter to the Bishop of Melbourne 
 on Church Music," Melbourne, 1857. 
 
 Qreig, Qavin, organist and composer, 
 born in Aberdeenshire, Pebruary 10, 1856. 
 He is a schoolmaster at New Deer. Com- 
 poser of " Prince Charlie," a musical drama ; 
 " Mains's Wooin'," a musical drama; num- 
 erous songs, etc. 
 
 Qreig, John, composer and organist, born 
 in Edinburgh. Educated at Moray Training 
 College, and appointed English IMaster in 
 the High School, Leith. While holding this 
 and similar appointments he pursued his 
 musical studies, graduating Mus. Bac, 1878 ; 
 Mus. Doc, 1889 ; Oxford ; M.A , Edinburgh ; 
 and P. CO., 1880. Organist and choirmaster 
 St. Cuthbert's Pree Church, Edinburgh. 
 Nominated during illness of Sir Herbert 
 Oakeley, interim professor of music at Edin- 
 burgh University, during which time he gave 
 many lectures and organ recitals. His com- 
 positions include an oratorio, Zion (degree 
 exercise) ; an opera, Holyrood, Glasgow, 
 October 5, 1896 ; an orchestral suite. The 
 Graces (Edinburgh, 1890). Part-songs; Herald 
 of Spring; Monthof May; Merrily row we, etc. 
 Editor of Scots Minstrelsie, 6 vols., Edinburgh, 
 Jack, 1892-5, and the Musical Educator, 
 Edinburgh, Jack. 
 
 Gresham, William, composer, born at 
 Dunstable, about the middle of the 18th 
 century. He died early in the present cen- 
 tury. Compiler of " Psalmody improved, 
 containing portions of the Psalms of David 
 
 GRIEVE. 
 
 and 13 hymns . . . , "London [1780] ; and 
 composer of songs by Sir Walter Scott, etc. 
 
 Grey, Annie, Mrs. Wade, contralto 
 singer, born at Edinburgh, July 4, 1860. She 
 studied at the R, A.M. as a pupil of Randegger, 
 and afterwards she appeared in Edinburgh. 
 In 1890, she sang before the Queen at Bal- 
 moral, and since then she has apjjeared at 
 many concerts in Scotland and England. 
 
 Grey, Rev. John, compiler of " Manual 
 of Psalm and hymn tunes," 1857, and " A 
 Hymnal for use in the English Church, with 
 accompanying tunes," Loudon, 1866. 
 
 Grice, Robert, baritone vocalist, born at 
 Leeds, 1859. Was for seven years a chorister 
 in Durham Cathedral, and at the age of 
 twenty was appointed to Peterborough Cathe- 
 dral as bass ; a year later taking the position 
 of principal bass at New College, Oxford. 
 In 1885 he was elected assistant vicar-choral 
 of St. Paul's Cathedral, from which choir he 
 retired in 1893. He has sung at the principal 
 concerts in London and the provinces ; at 
 Chester Festival; Hereford Festival, 1894, 
 as the narrator in Parry's "Job"; and at the 
 Crystal Palace in the same. He also took 
 part in the quartets in the .Jubilee iDerformance 
 of " Elijah " at the Crystal Palace, June 27, 
 1896. 
 
 Grier, William, writer. Author of "An 
 Essay on the first principle of Music." Aber- 
 deen, 1838. This originally appeared in "The 
 Musical Cyclopasdia, being a collection of the 
 most approved English, Scottish, and Irish 
 songs, edited by J. W. Wilson," London, 
 1835 ; also 1852. 
 
 Griesbach, John Henry, pianist and 
 composer, was born at Windsor, of German 
 parents, on June 20, 1798. Violoncellist in 
 Queen's baud, 1810. He studied under Kalk- 
 brenner, and afterwards became pianist in 
 London, and director of Philharmonic Soc- 
 iety. He died at London, January 9, 1875. 
 
 Works. — Belshazzar's feast, 1835 ; Daniel 
 (reproduction), 1853 ; Music to the " Tem- 
 pest " ; James the First, or the Royal Cap- 
 tive, operetta ; The Goldsmith of West Cheap, 
 opera ; Eblis, opera, unfinished ; Raby Ruins, 
 musical drama ; Overtures for orchestra. 
 Analysis of JMusical Sounds, with illustrative 
 figures of the ratios of vibrations of musical 
 intervals and their compounds, harmonic 
 vibration, temperament, etc., n.d. Elements 
 of Musical notation, containing tables of the 
 comparative value of the different kinds of 
 Notes, Signatures of the different keys, etc., 
 n.d. Pianoforte Students' Companion, con- 
 taining all the Scales in four positions, etc., 
 London [1825] . Anthems, songs, etc. 
 
 Grieve, John Charles, composer, con- 
 ductor, and didactic writer, born in Edin- 
 burgh, August 29, 1842. Fellow of the Edu- 
 cational Institute of Scotland ; lecturer on 
 
174 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 GRIFFIN. 
 
 musical theory, Heriot-Watt College, Edin- 
 burgh. Sometime choirmaster, Lady Tester's 
 ■Church, and conductor of Phoenix Musical 
 Association, Edinburgh. Teacher of singing 
 in various schools, and for some years editor 
 of The Musical Star. 
 
 Works. — Benjamin, an oratorio, Edin- 
 burgh, 1877 ; Christian songs of praise, 24 
 hymns, for 4 voices (1873) ; The sower and 
 the seed, scripture parable, for soli and chorus ; 
 The good Samaritan, ditto. Cantata, Legend 
 of St. Swithin (1891). Kinderspiels : The 
 happy family ; Playmates ; The flowers o' the 
 forest ; Rip Van Winkle ; Don Quixote ; 
 Hearts and Homes; Day of rest and gladness. 
 Part-songs : Good-morrow to my lady bright ; 
 Stars of the summer night, etc. Songs : 
 The Assyrian ; Comin' hame ; Broken vows ; 
 Earth's partings, etc. Arrangements of Scotch 
 songs, etc. Author of the Harmonium : how 
 to use it (Edinburgh, n.d.) ; Practical har- 
 mony. 
 
 Griffin, George, organist and composer, 
 born at Wingrave, Buckinghamshire, April 1, 
 1816. Compiler of "New Sacred Music, con- 
 sisting of Psalm and Hymn-tunes, with one 
 ■Christmas piece," London [1840]; "The 
 . Buckinghamshire Harmonist," comprising a 
 new set of original Psalm and Hymn-tunes 
 . . . London [1842] . 
 
 Griffin, George Eugene, pianist and com- 
 poser, was born at London, January 8, 1781. 
 Member of Philharmonic Society, teacher, 
 etc. He died at London, May 28, 1863. 
 
 Works. — Two concertos for pf. and or- 
 chestra, op. 1 and 4; Ode to charity, 1820; 
 Pour sonatas for pf., op. 2, etc. ; Three string 
 quartets ; Rondos, marches, variations, etc., 
 for pf. ; Songs, glees, Cynthia (1810), etc. 
 
 Griffith, Frederic, flutist, born at Swan- 
 sea, November 12, 1867. His talent was 
 displayed at an early age, and from 1881, he 
 won several prizes at Eisteddfodau at Mer- 
 thyr, and other places, playing both piccolo 
 and flute. Attracting the notice of leading 
 musicians, he was advised to enter the R. A.IM., 
 where he studied under the late Olaf Svend- 
 sen. Here he carried off all the Academical 
 honours, and on leaving, in 1891, was elected 
 an Associate. Further studies were pursued 
 in Paris, under Taffanel. Returning to Lon- 
 don an accomplished artist, he gave a number 
 of recitals ; and in 1893, appeared in the pro- 
 vinces, with the Melba touring party. His 
 executive powers are very great, and his tone 
 is pure and unforced. He was appointed, in 
 1895, solo flute at the Royal Italian Opera, 
 •Covent Garden. Editor of Notable Welsh 
 Musicians, London, Goodwen, 1896. 
 
 Griffiths, F. J., musician, compiler of 
 " Psahn Tunes and Chants, original and 
 selected, arranged for four voices," London 
 .[1846]. 
 
 GRIMSON. 
 
 Griffiths. John, bass vocalist, born about 
 the middle of the eighteenth century. He 
 was originally a parish clerk of a village in 
 the Vale of Gly wd. Became a member of the 
 Worcester Cathedral Choir, and was one of 
 the principal singers at the Three Choirs' 
 Festivals, from that at Gloucester in 1784, 
 to the year 1799. He remained in Wor- 
 cester up the time of his death, under tragical 
 circumstances, October 7, 1821. At the Wor- 
 cester Festival he sang in the chorus, and 
 during a solo by Vaughan, fell back in a flt, 
 on October 5, and expired two days later. He 
 also sang in the Covent Garden oratorios, 
 London. His voice was of great power, and 
 of deep compass. 
 
 Griffiths, Richard, organist and com- 
 poser, born about 1789 ; died at London, 
 July 18, 1850. Composer of instrumental 
 music, and compiler of " Psalm tunes and 
 chants, original and selected," London, 1846. 
 
 Griffiths, Lieutenant Samuel Charles, 
 son of a colour-sergeant in the Royal Scots 
 (Lothian) Regiment was born in 1847. As a 
 boy he entered the band, and ultimately be- 
 came bandmaster, in 1874, of the second bat- 
 talion of that regiment. In May, 1890, he 
 was made quarter-master of Sandhurst Col- 
 lege, and in December appointed after com- 
 petition, to the directorship of Kneller Hall. 
 He died suddenly, while out walking near the 
 hall, October 31, 1895. Author of " The 
 Military Band " ; and " Hints on the Manage- 
 ment of Army Bands." 
 
 Grigor, Alexander Lockhart, musician, 
 born Glasgow, March 28, 1853 ; died there, 
 March 25, 1891. Author of " Hints and 
 Maxims to players on Pianoforte, Harmonium, 
 etc.," Glasgow, 1888. He was a teacher in 
 Glasgow, and held the position of harmonium 
 player at Oatlands Church there for some 
 years. 
 
 Grimshaw, Arthur Edmund, composer 
 and organist, laorn 1864, in Leeds, where he 
 received his musical training. Since 1883 
 he has been organist and choirmaster of St. 
 Anne's R. C. Cathedral, Leeds. He has 
 composed a setting of Psalm 141, for soprano 
 solo, and chorus, produced, January, 1885, at 
 Leeds, and some Church music. Also two 
 operettas, "El Escribano," and "Amaran- 
 thus," produced at Leeds in 1891, and 1892. 
 Songs, and part-songs. Two Melodies for 
 string orchestra, produced by the Leeds 
 Symphony Society, December 11, 1893 ; a 
 Romance for violin and orchestra, etc. 
 
 Grimshaw, John, organist and composer, 
 who died on February 18, 1819. Composer 
 of "Twenty-four hymns, in four parts," Lon- 
 don [1810]". Songs, etc. 
 
 Grimson, Samuel Dean, violinist of the 
 present time, has published a book of " Tech- 
 nical Studies for the Violin." He is the 
 
B1{ITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 175 
 
 GROOM. 
 
 father of a remarkable family of musicians. 
 Of his children, Annie is a pianist, scholar of 
 the R.C.M. She has appeared with success 
 at various concerts since 1886, and has com- 
 posed a symphony, pieces for violoncello, etc. 
 Amy, another daughter, pianist and violon- 
 cellist, was also educated at the R.C.M. For 
 some time she played in the Rev. E. H. Mob- 
 erley's Ladies' Orchestra, and is favourably 
 known as a soloist. Jessie Grimson is a 
 violinist of repute, and other members of the 
 family possess musical talent. A concert was 
 given in the Queen's (small) Hall, January 
 21, 1896, by the Grimson family, numbering 
 eight, when IMendelssohn's string Octet was 
 played vmder possibly unique circumstances. 
 
 Groom, William, of Ivinghoe, composer, 
 published "Congregational Melodies, con- 
 sisting of a new set of psalm and hymn 
 tunes . . . ," Ivinghoe, 18.38 ; Supplement, 
 1839. London edition, edited by Thomas 
 Jordan, 1841. 
 
 Qroome, W., author of a " Concise treatise 
 on Music. ]\Iusical Harmony and Thorough- 
 bass," London, 1870. 
 
 Qrossmith, George, vocalist and actor, 
 who has become famous for his monologues 
 and sketches given in London and throughout 
 the country. From 1877 he was, for some 
 time, associated with the Gilbert- Sullivan 
 operas, appearing in "The Sorcerer" when 
 produced at the Opera Comique, November 
 17, of that year. He was also occasionally 
 with the German Reed party in the provinces. 
 His official position was that of Bow street 
 police-court reporter, a post held by his father 
 before him. Among his sketches may be 
 named, Cups and saucers, 1878 ; Uncle Samuel, 
 operetta, 1881 ; Drama on crutches, 1883, 
 etc. Songs : Autocratic gardener ; Awful little 
 scrub ; Cockney's life for me ; Gay photo- 
 grapher ; Happy fatherland ; Haste to the 
 wedding ; IMuddle puddle porter ; See me 
 dance the polka ; Speaker's eye, etc. He has 
 also written various books, such as his own 
 reminiscences in "A Society Clown," and 
 stories in conjunction with his brother. Wee- 
 don, the po^Dular actor. In 1888 he published 
 the "Autobiography of a Society Clown," 
 Bristol, Arrowsmith. 
 
 Grosvenor, Symeon, organist and com- 
 poser, was born at Dudley, January 11, 1816. 
 He was a pupil of ]\Ioscheles and Thomas 
 Adams, and held the position of organist of 
 St. Thomas' Parish Church, Dudley, from 
 1836 to 1854. He graduated Mus. Bac, Oxon. 
 in 1852. He died at Dudley, July 8, 1866. 
 Editor of " Hymns, Anthems, Chants, etc., 
 as used in the services of St. Thomas's Church, 
 Dudley," c. 1850. He wrote some music for 
 the church service. 
 
 Grove, Sir George, Kt., writer on music, 
 born at Clapham, Surrey, August 13, 1820. 
 
 GROVER. 
 
 Educated as a civil engineer, but quitting 
 that profession he became Secretary to the 
 Society of Aits, 1850 ; and in 1852, Secetary 
 to the Crystal Palace Company, an office he 
 held until 1873. It was here he began his 
 long service to music, a service difficult to 
 over-estimate. His analytical programmes 
 gave a great impetus to musical study. In 
 1867, he visited Vienna, in company with 
 Arthur Sullivan, and recovered Schubert's 
 music to " Pvosamunde," lost since its per- 
 formance in December, 1823. On leaving 
 the Crystal Palace he was associated with 
 the publishing firm of Macmillan and Co., 
 and edited Macmillan's Magazine for more 
 than 15 years. Other details of his long and 
 active career are beyond the scope of this 
 work. In 1882, he was appointed, by H.R.H. 
 the Prince of Wales, Director of the Royal 
 College of Music, the founding of which owed 
 much to his strenuous efforts. In 1875, the 
 University of Durham conferred on him the 
 degree of D.C.L. ; on the opening of the 
 R.C.M., May, 1883, the Queen honoured him 
 with a knighthood ; in 1885 he was made 
 LL.D., Glasgow ; and in 1887 he was elected 
 on the Committee of the Kach-Gesellschaft, 
 Leipzig. He resigned his Directorship of the 
 R.C.M., in November, 1894. His great work 
 is the Dictionary of IMusic and Musicians, 
 4 vols., Macmillan, 1879-89, which he edited, 
 and to which he contributed many important 
 articles. He wrote an appendix to Hellborn's 
 Life of Schubert, English edition, Longmans, 
 1869 ; published in 1896, Beethoven and his 
 Nine Symphonies, Novello ; and was a fre- 
 quent contributor to the musical press. 
 
 Grover, George F., teacher of singing, 
 born at Clapham, August 8, 1860. Chorister, 
 St. Paul's Cathedral, from 1870, where he was 
 musically educated under Sir John Goss, Dr. 
 Stainer, F. Walker, and Dr. Martin. Organist 
 successively at St. Michael's, Poplar ; St. 
 John's, Wapping ; and, from 1884, St. Peter- 
 le-poor. Old Broad Street. Principally en- 
 gaged as a teacher of singing, many of his 
 pupils holding good positions. He has pub- 
 lished a sacred cantata, " The Raising of 
 Lazarus," produced at Tottenham, in 1882 ; 
 and is author of "Musical Hints to Clergy- 
 men," London, W. Reeves, 1894. He has 
 contributed articles to various musical peri- 
 odicals, among them a series of biographical 
 sketches of Old English Musicians, in Musi- 
 cal Opinion, Vols. VIII. and IX. 
 
 Grover, Haydn, composer and alto singer, 
 is a native of London. He has sung in many 
 churches and institutions in London ; was 
 organist of Godstone Parish Church, 1879-80; 
 and is now a teacher and concert-giver in 
 South London. Alto in the Temple Church, 
 etc. Composer of a madrigal, " Come, nymphs 
 and shepherds." Part-songs. Songs :" Sons 
 
176 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 GRUNEISEN. 
 
 of the brave," "Soldier boys," "Fill the 
 gleaming sail," " Lyric of love," " In dream- 
 land," etc. ; numerous pieces for pf., etc. 
 His brother, Herbert Grover, is a well- 
 known tenor singer, who has appeared at 
 conceits in London and the provinces. 
 
 Qruneisen, Charles Lewis, musician 
 and critic, born at London, November 2, 1806 ; 
 died there November 1, 1879. Author of 
 " The Opera and the Press," 1869. Memoir 
 of Meyerbeer, London, 1848. 
 
 Quenett, Thomas Harbottle, pianist, 
 born at Fleetwood, Lancashire, June 22, 1850. 
 Pupil of Halle and Proufc. Settled in Mel- 
 bourne, Australia. Professor of pianoforte ; 
 organist of Toorah Presbyterian Church. 
 Musical critic of the Melbourne Argus ; lec- 
 turer on musical subjects. Founder of the 
 Melbourne Popular Concerts of Chamber 
 Music, 1878. 
 
 Guernsey, Wellington, lyric poet and 
 composer, born at Mullingar, Ireland, June 
 8, 1817, and died at London, November 13, 
 1885. Author of the words of a great quantity 
 of songs, chiefly of a sentimental kind, of 
 which " ]\Iary Blane," and " Alice, where art 
 thou ?" are examples. His own productions 
 consist chiefly of songs, such as " I'll hang 
 my harp on a willow tree," but he has written 
 a Mass in B flat, and other musical works. 
 He also issued " Old Songs of Old Ireland, 
 with symphonies and accompaniments, by 
 W. Guernsey, and characteristic words by 
 Jos. Fitzgerald," London [1843]. 
 
 Quest, George, organist and composer, 
 born at Bury St. Edmunds in 1771. Son of 
 Ralph Guest. He studied under his father. 
 Chorister in Chapel Royal. Organist at Eye, 
 Suffolk, in 1787 ; and at Wisbeach in 1789. 
 He died at Wisbeach, September 10, 1831. 
 Wrote glees, hymns, songs, duets, organ music, 
 etc. 
 
 Quest, Ralph, composer and organist, 
 born at Basely, Shropshire, 1742. Chorister 
 in Basely Church, and in Portland Church, 
 London, 1763. He studied the organ under 
 Ford of S. James' Church, Bury, and was 
 choir-master of S.Mary's, Bury St. Edmunds, 
 1805-22. He died at Bury, June, 1830. 
 
 Works. — The Psalms of David, collection. 
 Hymns and Psalms suited for the use of 
 Parish Churches, n.d. Glees, songs, etc. 
 
 Guildford, Lord, see North, Francis. 
 
 Guinneth, John, see Gwynneth, John. 
 
 Guise, Richard, musician, born in 1740. 
 He was a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 
 and a lay-vicar and master of choristers, 
 Westminster Abbey. He died on March 10, 
 1808. Composer of 3 single chants, contained 
 in Vandernan's " Divine Harmony," 1770. 
 
 Gunn, Barnabas, organist and composer, 
 was born at the end of the 17th century. He 
 was organist of St. Philip's, Birmingham, till 
 
 GUTTERIDGE. 
 
 1730, when he became organist of Gloucester 
 Cathedral, succeeding Hine. He wrote Two 
 cantatas and six songs, Gloucester, 1736. 
 Sonatas for harpsichord, etc. He died at 
 Gloucester (?) in 1743. 
 
 Gunn, John, writer and violoncello player, 
 was born in the Highlands of Scotland [Edin- 
 burgh, 1765 ?] Teacher of 'cello at Cambridge, 
 and in London, from 1789. He afterwards 
 returned to Edinburgh, and married Miss 
 Anne Young, in 1804. He died about 1824. 
 
 Works. — An Essay, with copious examples, 
 towards a more easy and scientific method of 
 commencing and pursuing the study of the 
 Pianoforte, with the principles of thorough- 
 bass and musical science, Loudon, n.d. Forty 
 favourite Scotch airs, adapted for violin, 
 German flute, or violoncello, with the phrases 
 mark'd . . supplement to the examples in 
 the theory and practice of fingering the vio- 
 loncello, London, n.d. The theory and prac- 
 tice of fingering the violoncello, containing 
 rules and progressive lessons for attaining 
 the knowledge and command of the whole 
 compass of the instrument, London, 1793 ; 
 second edition, n.d. Art of playing the Ger- 
 man flute on new principles, n.d. An essay, 
 theoretical and practical, on the application 
 of harmony, thorough-bass, and modulation, 
 to the violoncello, Edinburgh, 1801. An his- 
 torical enquiry respecting the performance 
 on the harp in the Highlands of Scotland, 
 from the earliest times until it was discon- 
 tinued about the year 173 1 ; to which is pre- 
 fixed an account of a very ancient Caledonian 
 harp, and of the harp of Queen Mary. Edin- 
 burgh 1807. This work he proposed to sup- 
 plement by An enquiry into the antiquity of 
 the Harp, etc., but it never appeared. School 
 for the German flute, n.fl. 
 
 Gunn, Anne, bom Young, pianist and 
 writer, wife of John Gunn, wrote " An intro- 
 duction to music ; in which the elementary 
 parts of the science, and the principles of 
 thorough-bass and modulation, as illustrated 
 by the musical games and apparatus, are fully 
 and familiarly explained, with examples and 
 complete directions for playing the several 
 games," Edinburgh, 1803 ; second edition, 
 1820. 
 
 Gunn, William, compiler of "The Cale- 
 donian Repository of Music, adapted for the 
 bagpipes, being a collection of strathspeys, 
 reels, jigs, etc.," Glasgow ; Four editions to 
 1867. 
 
 Gurney, Edmund, musician, who died 
 at Brighton, in June, 1888. Author of "The 
 Power of Sound," London, 1880, and several 
 contributions to magazines on musical sub- 
 jects. 
 
 Guthrie, Mrs. T. A., see Austen, Au- 
 gusta A. 
 
 Gutteridge, William, organist, violinist, 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 177 
 
 GUY. 
 
 and composer, born at Chelmsford, July 16, 
 1798. He travelled in Belgium, etc., in 1815. 
 Organist of Private Royal Chapel, Brighton 
 Pavilion, under George IV., William IV., and 
 Victoria ; also organist of St. Peter's Church, 
 Bright jn, 1828-1872. Member of private band 
 of George IV. Leader of orchestra of Brighton 
 Theatre, and conductor for many years of 
 Brighton Sacred Harmonic Society. He was 
 music-master to the Duke of Cambridge. He 
 died at Brighton, September 23, 1872. Com- 
 poser of nocturnes, galops, rondos, etc., for 
 pf., numerous songs, etc. 
 
 Quy, Henry, tenor vocalist and composer, 
 born at Oxford, in 1817. Student and Asso- 
 ciate, R.A.M. In 1876 he was appointed a 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, St. James's. 
 He sang at the Worcester Festival of 1878 ; 
 at the Alexander Palace in 1876 ; and has 
 been heard at the chief concerts in London 
 and the provinces. He has written a trio, 
 ' 'Reflection"; a serenade, with violin obbligato ; 
 and some glees and songs. 
 
 Quylott, Robert, composer, born in 1794, 
 died at London, December 18, 1876. He 
 wrote songs chiefly, of which the following 
 are among the principal ; All remember thee 
 [1848] ; Beggar's petition ; Bells on the water ; 
 Broken vow ; Days that are gone ; Down the 
 burn, Davy love ; Haste to the woodlands ; 
 In the pretty spring time ; Love on ; Maid of 
 Llanwellyn ; Rose shall cease to blow ; and a 
 large number of comic and other songs. 
 Glee, The orb of day, etc. He also issued a 
 " Book of Melody, and drawing-room com- 
 panion," 1847. 
 
 Qwilym, Qwent, see Williams, Wm. 
 Aubrey. 
 
 Qwilt, Joseph, architect and musician, 
 was born in Surrey, in 1784. Architect to 
 the Grocers' Company, London. He died at 
 Henley-on-Thames, September 14, 1863. He 
 published a "Collection of Madrigals and 
 Motets, chiefly for 4 equal voices, by the most 
 eminent composers of the 16th and 17th 
 centuries . . . ," London, 1815 ; and wrote the 
 article "Music" in the "Encyclopaedia Met- 
 ropolitana." He also compiled a valuable 
 " Encyclopaedia of Architecture," etc. 
 
 Qwynneth, or Quinneth, John, mu- 
 sician and priest of the 16th century. One of 
 the eminent musicians mentioned in Morley's 
 catalogue. He graduated Mus. Doc, Oxford, 
 in 1531, and in 1533 he became rector of St. 
 Peter, Westchepe. Composer of Masses, songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Gyde, Margaret, pianist and composer, 
 born in London. Studied pianoforte and 
 composition under W. C. and Sir G. A. Mac- 
 farren ; violin under F. Ralph. Sterndale 
 Bennett Prizeholder, 1879 ; Potter Exhib- 
 itioner, 1880 ; Lady Goldsmid, and Thalberg 
 Scholar, 1881. A.R.A.M., 1884. Made her 
 
 HADDEN. 
 
 debiit at W. Macfarren's concert, St. James's 
 Hall, February 25, 1882, when she played his 
 Concertstiick in E minor. She has played 
 several times at the Crystal Palace concerts, 
 including the Weber centenary, December 18, 
 1886 ; and has given recitals at Steinway 
 Hall, 1884-91. In 1895, she established the 
 Kensington Musical Academy. The late 
 Richard Jefleries, novelist and naturalist, 
 was her first cou.sin. 
 
 Works. — Pf. and violin : Sonatas in G 
 minor, and C minor ; Suite, Idylls of summer 
 (two books) ; Scherzo ; Romanza ; Reverie, 
 etc. Impromptus ; Minuet ; Tarantella, and 
 other pf. pieces. Prelude and Fugue in G 
 minor, organ. Seas apart ; The bridge of 
 tears ; Love's greeting, and other songs, etc. 
 
 Habyngton, see Abyngdon. 
 
 Hackett, Charles Danvers, composer, 
 born in 1812. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1850. Died 
 London, 1858. He edited " Tlie National 
 Psalmist, consisting of original psalm and 
 hymn tunes, etc., composed expressly for this 
 work by the most eminent authors in 
 England," London [1839] ; various editions. 
 " Zion," a sacred cantata [1853]. Original 
 music [1840] , etc. 
 
 Hackett, Maria, musician, born Novem- 
 ber 14, 1783 ; died Hackney, London, No- 
 vember 5, 1874. She interested herself greatly 
 in the education of cathedral choir boys, and 
 to encourage the composition of church music 
 founded the Gresliam prize medal, in 1831. 
 Author of " A brief account of Cathedral and 
 Collegiate Scliools, with an abstract of their 
 statutes and endowments," London, 1827. 
 " A memoir of Sir Thomas Gresham, with an 
 abstract of his will," 1833, anon. " Corres- 
 pondence and evidences respecting the ancient 
 Collegiate School attached to St. Paul's Cathe- 
 dral." " A popular account of St. Paul's 
 Cathedral," London, 1816. Songs, etc. 
 
 Hadden, James Cuthbert, musician and 
 writer, born at Banchory-Teruan, near Aber- 
 deen, in 1861. He studied under private 
 teachers in London, and in 1882 became 
 organist of Mannofield Parish Church, Aber- 
 deen. He was appointed organist of St. 
 INIichael's Parish Church, Crieff, in 1884, and 
 in 1889 went to Edinburgh as organist of St. 
 John's Parish Church. He resides in Edin- 
 burgh, and is chiefly engaged in literary 
 work. 
 
 Works. — George Frederick Handel, Lon- 
 don, 1888. Mendelssohn, London, 1888. Lays 
 of Caledonia, a collection of Scottish airs 
 arranged for the harmonium, Glasgow, 1883. 
 Contributor of musical and other articles to 
 the Dictionary of National Biography ; Love's 
 Scottish Church Music ; Scottish Review, 
 Quiver, Cassell's Magazine, English Illus- 
 trated Magazine, etc. Editor of the Scottish 
 
 t 
 
178 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HADDOCK. 
 
 Musical IMonthly. Editor also of a selection 
 from Hogg the Ettrick Shepherd, for Bryce 
 of Glasgow ; and author of a work on Violin 
 Collecting, to be published in Redway's Col- 
 lector Series. 
 
 Haddock, George, violinist and composer, 
 born at Killingbeck, near Leeds. His father 
 was musical, and at his house the great in- 
 strumentalists who visited Leeds often met 
 for chamber music. The son began his 
 studies at an early age, under Bywater, and 
 in 1846 went to London. There he had 
 lessons from Henri Vieuxtemps, and after- 
 wards from Molique. Returning to the north 
 lie was, for many years, a foremost figure in 
 musical life in Yorkshire. He was the first 
 to give a performance of " Elijah " at Brad- 
 ford ; and as a teacher he has sent out many 
 players, now occupying important orchestral 
 posts. He established a Music School at 
 Bradford, and also the Leeds College of Music, 
 opened in 1894. He is author of " A complete 
 Practical School for the Violin," 3 vols., 
 Schott and Co. " Major and IMinor Scales 
 in all positions, with exercises on double 
 notes, octaves, and staccato bowing," etc., 
 Ashdown. Fantasias and arrangements for 
 violin and pianoforte. 
 
 Haddock, Edgar, son of the preceding, 
 violinist and composer, was born at Leeds, 
 in 1862. Studied under his father, and in 
 1884 started a series of " Musical Evenings " 
 at Leeds, which have been continued annually. 
 He appeared the same year at York, Halifax, 
 and elsewhere. In 1891, he gave a series of 
 concerts at the Steinway Hall, London ; and 
 at the Huddersfield Subscription Concerts of 
 that year (March .3) was associated with Herr 
 Joachim in the performance of Spohr's violin 
 duo in A minor, op. 67, No. 1, a rare compli- 
 ment to an English artist. In 1896, he gave 
 a series of Historical Recitals at Leeds. At 
 one of the daily concerts at the Crystal 
 Palace, March, 1885, he introduced Gade's 
 violin concerto, more than a year before it 
 was placed in a Saturday concert programme. 
 The composer sent Mr. Haddock an autograph 
 score in acknowledgment. He is one of the 
 directors of the Leeds College of Music. His 
 works include a Practical School for the 
 Violin ; The Students' series of Violin Solos ; 
 Ballade Norvegienne ; Sarabande and Tam- 
 bourine, and other original compositions for 
 violin. His brother, G. Percy Haddock, 
 violoncellist, was born at Leeds. He is asso- 
 ciated with the management of the " Musical 
 Evenings ;" is a Director of the Leeds College 
 of Music ; and is known as a pianist and 
 organist. He has composed a number of 
 songs, of which may be named " The Soul's 
 awakening," with accompaniment for pf., 
 violin, and organ ; " A crown of thorns ;" and 
 " The King of Kings." He has also written 
 
 HAGUE. 
 
 pieces for violin, violoncello, and an entr'acte 
 for orchestra. A magnificent collection of 
 violins and violoncellos is in the possession of 
 this artist family. Thomas Haddock, vio- 
 loncellist, born at Leeds, in 1812, was another 
 member of the family. He settled in Liver- 
 pool, as teacher and performer, and was for 
 many years principal violoncellist of the 
 Liverpool Philharmonic Society. He died 
 September 22, 1893. 
 
 Haden, Arthur C, conductor and vio- 
 linist, born in London, in 1852. Pupil of Sir 
 John Goss and Henry Holmes. Conductor of 
 the Dundee Ladies' Orchestra. His composi- 
 tions include several cantatas ; Campsie Glen ; 
 Bonnie Lassie ; Two Reveries (with violin 
 obbligato), and other songs ; Studies; Air and 
 variations for clarinet and pf., etc. 
 
 Hadow, William Henry, composer and 
 writer on music, born at P^brington, (Tloueester- 
 shire, December 27, 1859. Educated at 
 Malvern College, and Worcester College, 
 Oxford. Studied pf. at Darmstadt (1882), and 
 composition with Dr. C. H. Lloyd, Oxford 
 (1884-5). Graduated B.A., 1882; M.A., 1885; 
 and Mus. Bac, 1890, Oxford. Fellow and 
 Tutor, Worcester College, Oxford, 1888. Lec- 
 turer on Musical Form (for Sir John Stainer) 
 1890-2. Appointed, 1897, to edit for Claren- 
 don Press, a forthcoming series of works on 
 Musical History. 
 
 Works. — Hymn, Who are these ? for soli, 
 chorus, strings, and organ; Cantata, The 
 Soul's Pilgrimage (published 1886) ; Anthem 
 (Prize, Curwen) When I was in trouble (1885); 
 Songs; Quartet in E flat, strings (1885); Trio 
 in G minor, pf. and strings (composed, 1887 ; 
 produced. Musical Artists' Society, 1890) ; 
 Sonatas in A minor (1886), and F (1891), pf. 
 and violin ; Sonata in B minor, pf. and viola 
 (1889) ; Andante and allegro in F, violin and 
 pf . Sonatas in G sharp minor (1884) ; and 
 A flat (1890), for pf. Some of these remain in 
 MS. Author of Studies in Modern Music, 
 London, Seeley & Co., 1892 ; Second series, 
 1894 ; being essays on Criticism, Method, 
 Berlioz, Schumann, and Wagner ; Chopin, 
 Dvorak, Brahms, and Outlines of Musical 
 Form. Sonata Form, Novello's Primers, No. 
 54 [1896]. 
 
 Hafrenydd, see Williams, Thomas. 
 
 Hague, Charles, composer and organist, 
 born at Tadcaster, May 4, 1769. He studied 
 the violin at Cambridge under Manini, 1779- 
 1785. Removed to London in 1785, and 
 stiidied under Salomon and Dr. Cooke. Mus. 
 Bac, Cantab., 1794. Professor of Music, 
 Cambridge University, in succession to Ran- 
 dall, 1799. Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1801. He 
 died at Cambridge, June 18, 1821. 
 
 Works. — Ode performed at Cambridge in 
 June, 1811, at the installation of the Duke of 
 Gloucester as Chancellor of the Univer.sity; 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 179 
 
 HAIGH. 
 
 By the waters of Babylon, Psahn. Glees ; Two 
 Collections ; Arrangements of Haydn's 12 
 symphonies as pf. duets; Plumptre's Collec- 
 tion of Songs, moral, sentimental, instructive, 
 and amusing, Cambridge, 1805. Pf . music, etc. 
 His daughter Harriot (born 1793, died 
 1816) published in 1814 " Six Songs," with 
 pf. accomp. 
 
 Haigh, Thomas, composer and pianist, 
 born at London, 1769. He studied music 
 under Haydn, at London, 1791-92. Resided 
 in Manchester, 1793-1801. Returned to Lon- 
 don in 1801, and died there, April, 1808. 
 
 Works. — Sonatas for pf. and violin, op. 4, 
 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 24, 33, 34, .36 ; Three 
 sonatas, pf. duet, op. 5 ; Easy sonatas for pf. 
 duet, op. 7 ; Three divertimentos, op. 18 ; 
 Three sonatas, pf. and flute, op. 19; Three 
 sonatas, op. 20 ; Three capriccios, pf., op. 38 ; 
 Three serenatas, do., op. 40; Twelve preludes; 
 Twenty-eight familiar airs, etc., pf. ; Twelve 
 petites pieces for the pf., with introductory 
 preludes to each, op. 32. Songs and glees. 
 
 Haite, John James, composer and writer, 
 who died in London in October, 1874. 
 
 Works. — The Principles of Natural Har- 
 mony ; being a perfect system founded upon 
 the discovery of the true semitonic scale, 
 London [1855]. Violoncello Tutor, London, 
 n.d. Oratorio, operettas, symphonies. Glee 
 Garland, various numbers. Melodies arranged 
 for flute and other instruments. Songs. 
 
 Haking, Rev. Ranulf (Richard?), com- 
 poser, born about 1830. Ordained, 18G1. Mus. 
 Bac, 1855 ; Mus. Doc, 1864, Oxford. Some 
 time rector of Eaton Gray, Malmesbury ; and 
 of Congham, Norfolk, 1882. Composer of 
 anthems : Doth not wisdom cry ; Lord, let 
 me know my end, etc. Glees: Twine no more 
 the cypress wreath ; By the mossy fountain ; 
 Song of the old bell ; Welcome home ; and 
 others. Songs, etc. 
 
 Hale, Thomas, of Darnhall, Cheshire, 
 musician. Composed " Social Harmony. A 
 collection of songs and catches, in two, three, 
 four, and five parts. Also several choice songs 
 on Masonry, all with the music," London, 
 1763 ; 3rd edition [1770] . 
 
 Hale, Mrs. William (Jeannie M. 
 Stevens), pianist and vocalist, born in Bir- 
 mingham. Her father, Joseph Stevens, was 
 an energetic member for years of the Festival 
 Committee. Miss Stevenssangin the trio, "Lift 
 thine eyes," from "Elijah," at the Birming- 
 ham Festival of 1849, with Miss A. and Miss 
 Williams. She was, for several years, solo 
 pianist and principal vocalist at the Town Hall 
 Monday Concerts. She played to Mendelssohn, 
 who gave her a copy of Chopin's studies, upon 
 which he wrote his name. For many years 
 she had a large teaching connection in the 
 locality, and was frequently heard at chamber 
 concerts, etc. Was heard as a pianist in Lon- 
 
 HALL. 
 
 don, in June, 1854 ; and sang at Boosey's Ballad 
 Concerts, St. James's Hall, 1869. She is now 
 living in retirement in North Wales. William 
 ]\Iachin, the bass singer, was her uncle. 
 
 Hales, William, writer on acoustics, 
 author of " Sonorum doctrina rationalis et 
 experimentalis, ex Newtoni opt. physicorum 
 scriptes," Dublin, 1778. 
 
 Halford, George John, organist, pianist, 
 and conductor, born at Chilvers Coton, W^ar- 
 wickshire, February 13, 1858. His early 
 musical studies were under W. Chater (organ- 
 ist of Holy Trinity, Coventry; died, March 27, 
 1880). In 1875 he went to Birmingham, and 
 studied pianoforte, composition, etc., under 
 Dr. C. S. Heap. F.R.C.O. ; Mus. Bac, 1892, 
 Durham. Has been organist successively of 
 St. Mary's and St. George's, Birmingham, 
 1876-80 ; St. John's, Wolverhampton, 1881 ; 
 St. Michael's, Handsworth, 1886 ; and from 
 1891. of Handsworth Parish Church. Con- 
 ductor of the Birmingham Musical Association 
 from 1886, now formed into a choir bearing 
 his name ; People's Concert Society, Stour- 
 bridge, 1886-91 ; Philharmonic Society, 
 Redditch, 1890-4 ; Birmingham Amateur 
 Orchestral Society ; and the Midland Institute 
 Madrigal Choir. He has introduced many 
 important works to the local public, notably 
 Schumann's "Manfred," produced in the 
 Town Hall, April 16, 1896 ; and has jsrobably 
 conducted the first performance in this 
 country of a Symphony in a parish church, 
 introducing at a special service at Handsworth 
 Beethoven's Symphony, No. 1, October 6, 
 1892 ; and Schumann's Symphony in B flat, 
 November 1, 1893. He has composed a 
 cantata, " The Paraclete," produced, 1891 ; 
 Anthems, part-songs, etc. A concert overture, 
 1896 ; organ pieces, etc. 
 
 Hall, Charles King, organist and com- 
 poser, born in London, in 1845. Was organist 
 of St. Paul's, Camden Square ; St. Lake's, 
 Oseney Crescent ; and up to the time of his 
 death, at Christ Church, Brondesbury. He 
 wrote an Evening Service in E flat, performed 
 at St. Paul's Cathedral by the London Church 
 Choir Association in 18131, and other church 
 music. The Verger; A Strange Host; The 
 Foster Brothers, and other operettas produced 
 at the German Reed Entertainments; also a 
 cantata. Beauty and the Beast ; Songs, pf. 
 pieces, etc. Author of " A School for the 
 Harmonium, 1874 ; Estey Organ Tutor ; and 
 a primer on the harmonium, Novello. He 
 died in London, September 1, 1895. 
 
 Hall, Rev. Edward Vine, composer and 
 organist, born at Maidstone, Kent, June 11, 
 1837. Chorister of Magdalen College, Oxford, 
 1845-55, and assistant organist, 1858-9. 
 Graduated B.A., 1859 ; M.A., 1863, Oxford. 
 Appointed Precentor of Worcester Cathedral, 
 in 1877, and held the office till 1890, when he 
 
180 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 HALL. 
 
 became vicar of Bromsgrove. He has been 
 Conductor of the Worcestershire Musical 
 Union from 1879. His voice at its best was 
 a light tenor of sweet tone ; and he has fre- 
 quently sung at the concerts of the " Magda- 
 len Vagabonds." He has also given organ 
 recitals, and lectures on music, at Worcester, 
 Birmingham, and other places. His compo- 
 sitions include a Cantata for Lent ; Two 
 settings of the Service for Holy Communion ; 
 Two of the Magnificat and Nunc dimittis 
 (one, in C, performed at the closing service of 
 the Worcester Festival, 1881) ; Praise the 
 Lord, O Jerusalem, and other anthems ; and 
 a part-song. Waken, lords and ladies gay, sung 
 at the Worcester Festival, 1878. 
 
 Hall, Elias, musician, compiled " The 
 Psalm-singer's compleat Companion," Lon- 
 don, 1708. 
 
 Hall, Q. W. L. MarshalN composer, born 
 in Edgeware Road, London, 1862, grandson of 
 the famous physician, Dr. ]\Iarshall Hall. 
 Educated at King's College, London, and at 
 Oxford. Studied music at R.C.M., and in 
 Switzerland and Germany. Was for some 
 time master for foreign languages at Newton 
 College, Newton Abbott. In 1888 he was 
 conductor of the Choral and Orchestral 
 Societies of the London Organ School, and in 
 1890, was elected Ormond Professor of Music, 
 Melbourne University, Australia. He has 
 founded a Conservatorium of Music there, 
 and gives an annual series of orchestral con- 
 certs. Papers have been contributed by him 
 to the musical j)ress. His compositions are 
 numerous, including three operas, of which 
 ho has written both libretti and music : 
 Leonard; Dido and yEneas; and Harold. A 
 study on Tennyson's "Maud"; an overture 
 in Ct minor (Crystal Palace, 1893) ; Idyll, for 
 orchestra ; Quartets for strings (one, in C, 
 performed at Queen's Hall, London, December 
 20, 1895) ; smaller works, songs, etc., etc. 
 
 Hall, Henry, organist and composer, born 
 at New Windsor in 1655. Son of Capt. Henry 
 Hall. He was a chorister in the Chapel Royal 
 under Ca^Dt. Henry Cooke, and he studied 
 also under Dr. Blow. Organist of Exeter 
 Cathedral, 1674, and organist and vicar-choral, 
 Hereford Cathedral, 1688. He took holy 
 orders in 1698, and died at Hereford, March 
 30, 1707, and is buried in the cathedral. He 
 composed anthems, Te Deum in E flat, and 
 other church music. He also wrote songs 
 and poems. 
 
 His son, Henry, was organist and vicar- 
 choral of Hereford Cathedral, and William, 
 another son (died 1700), was a member of the 
 King's band and composer of songs. 
 
 Hall, H. Foley, composer and pianist, 
 who flourished about 1820 and 1866. He 
 wrote a large number of sentimental songs, 
 for many of which George Linley suj)plied the 
 
 HAMERTON. 
 
 words. Among them may be named " Ever 
 of Thee" (1859); "Blame not the heart" 
 (1860); "Far from those I love"; " O, yes, 
 thou'rt remember'd " ; When I am far away " : 
 "Still in my dreams," etc. He also wrote 
 polkas for pf., etc. 
 
 Hall, John, violinist and composer, born 
 at Ayr, about the end of the 18th century. 
 He studied the violin at Edinburgh, and 
 returned to Ayr as a teacher, and formed a 
 band, consisting of himself, his brothers, and 
 others, which performed at all the jprincipal 
 gatherings and balls in Ayrshire. In 1822 he 
 played in Niel Gow's band when it performed 
 before George IV. at Edinburgh. He died at 
 Glasgow, December 4, 1862. He published 
 " A collection of quadrilles and waltzes for pf. 
 and violin," n.d., and "A selection of straths- 
 peys, reels, waltzes and Irish jigs," Ayr, n.d. 
 
 His brother, James (died, Ayr, 1860), played 
 second violin in his band, and was a teacher 
 of dancing in Ayr and neighbourhood. 
 
 His youngest brother, Douglas (died, Ayr, 
 1878), was a violoncellist, and resided in Ayr 
 as a teacher and performer. 
 
 Hallewell, Frederick John, bass vocalist,, 
 born in Leeds, 1846. Pupil of " Joe " Wood, 
 of Huddersfield. Appointed solo bass at Leeds 
 Parish Church, 1866 ; to York Minster, 1867 ; 
 and, two years later, to New College, Oxford, 
 where he remained until 1880. He then went 
 to Australia, and is now bass at St. Mary's 
 Roman Catholic Cathedral, Sydney, and 
 engaged in teaching. Was considered the 
 finest bass singer in Australia. 
 
 Halley, T. Douglas, musician, was or- 
 ganist of St. John's, Wapping, and of St. 
 Paul's, Shadwell, London. He published 
 " Twelve hymns appropriate to charity ser- 
 mons . . . ," London, n.d. 
 
 Hambois, or Hanboys, John, musician 
 and writer of the 15th century. Generally 
 believed to have been the first English mu- 
 sician on whom the degree of Doctor of Music 
 was conferred. He is supposed to have re- 
 ceived the degree in 1463, but there is no 
 evidence to prove that he graduated either at 
 Oxford or Cambridge. He wrote two tracts- 
 in Latin : Summum Artis Musices and Can- 
 tionum Artificialium diversi Generis, etc. 
 
 Hamerton, William Henry, composer 
 and writer, born at Nottingham, in 1795. 
 Chorister of Christ Church Cathedral, Dub- 
 lin. He was taught music under T. Vaughan, 
 at London, 1812. Teacher in Dublin, 1814. 
 Master of Choristers, Christ Church Cathedral, 
 Dublin, 1815. Gentleman of Chapel Royal,. 
 Dublin, 1823. Teacher in Calcutta, 1829. 
 He is supposed to have died at Calcutta. 
 
 Works— St. Alban, opera, Dublin, 1827. 
 Vocal Instructions combined with the theory 
 and practice of pianoforte accompaniment, 
 1824. Anthems, chants, glees, songs, etc. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 181 
 
 I 
 
 HAMILTON. 
 
 Hamilton, Sir Edward Walter, Kt., 
 
 composer, son of Rt. Rev. Walter Ker Hamil- 
 ton, Bishop of Salisbury (1808-1869), born 
 July 7, 18-17. Educated at Itton and Christ 
 Church, Oxford. Studied under Dr. Stainer, 
 and graduated Mus. Bac. 1867. Appointed a 
 clerk in the Treasury, 1870 ; served as private 
 secretary to the Rt. Hon. R Lowe, 1872-3 ; 
 to the Rt. Hon. W. E. Gladstone, 1873-4 ; 
 appointed principal clerk of Financial Division 
 in Treasury, 1885 ; Assistant Financial Sec- 
 retary, 1892 ; and Assistant Secretary to 
 Treasury in 1894. Created C.B. in 1885, and 
 K.C.B. in 1894. Member of the Council and 
 Executive Committee of the R.C.M. His 
 published works include a Sacred Cantata, 
 Praise the Lord, O my soul (degree ex.); 
 sundry songs, singing quadrilles, pieces for 
 pf., etc. 
 
 Hamilton, James Alexander, writer 
 and composer, born at London, in 1785 ; died 
 there, August 2, 1845. 
 
 Works. - Cathechism on the nature, inven- 
 tion, exposition, development, and concatena- 
 tion of musical ideas, with examples from the 
 great masters, London, 1838 (various edi- 
 tions) ; Catechism on the art of writing for 
 an orchestra, and on playing from score, with 
 sixty-seven examples, 1844 ; second edition, 
 1846, other editions ; Dictionary, comprising 
 an explanation of 3,500 Italian, French, Ger- 
 man, English, and other musical terms, 
 phrases, and abbreviations, also a copious 
 list of musical characters, London, 1849 (nu- 
 merous other editions) ; The same, with ap- 
 pendix containing John Tinctor's Termino- 
 rum jMusicte Diffinitorium, edited by John 
 Bishop ; Modern instructions for the piano- 
 forte, London, 1290 editions said by publishers 
 to have been issued ; New musical grammar, 
 in three parts (four editions) ; Catechism on 
 double counterpoint and fugue ; Practical 
 introduction to the art of tuning the piano- 
 forte, etc. ; Catechism of the organ, with an 
 historical introduction, and a list and 
 description of the principal organs in Great 
 Britain, Ireland, Germany, France, and 
 Switzerland (five editions) ; Modern instruc- 
 tions for singing, containing a complete com- 
 pendium of the rudiments of music, etc. ; 
 Easy method for the violoncello ; Catechism 
 for the violin ; Harmonium instruction book ; 
 The iDupil's new daily exercise, containing all 
 the scales and chords in their respective posi- 
 tions ; Method for the double bass, . . London, 
 1833 ; Sacred harmony, a collection of three 
 hundred and fifty standard psalm and hymn 
 tunes, Loudon [1843] . Psalms and hymns, 
 in the order they are appointed to be sung or 
 chanted in cathedrals, churches, chapels, etc., 
 during the morning and evening service of 
 the Church of England, with explanatory 
 notes ; An introduction to choral singing. 
 
 HANCOCK. 
 
 etc. ; Order of chanting the morning and 
 evening services, according to the Rubric of 
 the Cliurch of England ; Method of chanting 
 the Psalms, as used in the service of the 
 Church of England. Compositions, various, 
 pf. pieces, glees, songs, etc. 
 
 Hamilton, David, organ-builder and 
 writer, born at Edinburgh, April 2, 1803. 
 He was organist of St. John's Episcopal 
 Church, Edinburgh, for many years. Died 
 at Edinburgh, December 20, 1863. Inventor 
 of the pneumatic lever action for organs, and 
 writer of musical articles in the old edition of 
 " Chambers' Encyclopsedia." He also com- 
 posed a few organ pieces, and edited a collec- 
 tion of chants. He edited, with J. M. Miiller, 
 his partner, " Harmonia Sancta, a collection 
 of chants, psalm tunes, sanctuses, etc., adapted 
 to the service of the Episcopal Church of 
 Scotland.. [18.38]; Supplement 1858. His 
 youngest brother Adam was born in Edinburgh 
 and is an organist and composer, who was 
 conductor of the Edinburgh Choral Union, 
 1866-83, and other societies. He studied in 
 Germany under F. Schneider, and has com- 
 posed several orchestral works. Also editor 
 of " The Scottish Orphe\is, a collection of the 
 most admired Scots songs arranged with 
 symphonies and accompaniments," Edin., n.d. 
 His son Carl Drechsler Hamilton, born 
 at Edinburgh in 1846, is conductor of the 
 Edinburgh Amateur Orchestral Society, and 
 a violoncellist of great merit. He is a member 
 of the Edinburgh String Quartet, formed in 
 1890. 
 
 Hamilton, John, musician and poet, was 
 born in 1761, and died at Edinburgh, Septem- 
 ber 23, 1814. He was a music seller in 
 Edinburgh, and wrote several well-known 
 Scots songs, such as "Up in the morning 
 early," etc. He also issued "A Collection of 
 24 Scots songs, chiefly pastoral," Edin., n.d. 
 " A complete repository of old and new Scotch 
 strathspeys, reels, and jigs.." Edin., n.d. 
 "The Caledonian IMuseum, containing a 
 favourite collection of ancient and modern 
 Scots tunes adapted to the Germaii flute or 
 violin," Edin., n.d., 3 books. 
 
 Hamilton, William, musician and pub- 
 lisher, was born at Paisley about 1812. He 
 was established as a music publisher in Glas- 
 gow for a number of years. Died at Kirn, 
 April 25, 1887. Among the publications issued 
 by Hamilton may be named the " British 
 INIinstrel and musical and literary miscellany," 
 Glasgow, 1842-44, issued in parts. " The 
 British Harmonist," 1847-48. " Select Songs 
 of Scotland," 1848, etc. He was a musician 
 and poet, and wrote songs and music under 
 the pseudonym of William McGavin. 
 
 Hancock, Charles, musician, author of 
 "Accordion Instructions," London [1845]. 
 " Flute Preceptor," London 1 1846] . " Violin 
 
182 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HANCOCK. 
 
 Preceptor," London [1846] ; also " Improved " 
 editions of these works in 1852 and 1853. 
 
 James Hancock, a musician of the early 
 part of this century, published Hymn Tunes 
 and Sacred Odes for 3, 4, and 5 voices London 
 [1800] . He also composed anthems, canons, 
 etc. 
 
 Hancock, Charles, organist and conduc- 
 tor, born at Islington, London, January 4, 
 1852. Choir boy at St. Michael's, Cornhill, 
 1859, under R. Limpus {q v.) ; and in 1861 
 elected to the choir of St. George's Chapel 
 Royal, Windsor. Articled to Sir G. Elvey, 
 1867, at the same time being organist at 
 Datchet, and at St. Andrevsf's, Uxbridge. 
 Received pianoforte lessons from (Dr.) Keeton, 
 and remained as assistant to Sir G. Elvey 
 until 1875. F.C.O., 1872; Mus. Bac, 1874, 
 Oxford. In July, 1875, he was appointed 
 organist of St. ]\Iartin's, Leicester, in which 
 town he still resides. He is conductor of the 
 Leicester New Musical Society ; and from 
 1886, of the Derby Choral Union, and actively 
 engaged as a teacher. His compositions com- 
 prise a setting of Psalm 18, for soli, chorus, 
 and orchestra ; Organ music, Andante in A 
 fiat, Wesley Prize, College of Organists, 1887 ; 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 Hanforth, Thomas William, organist 
 and composer, born at Hunslct, a suburb of 
 Leeds, March 6, 1867. Chorister at York 
 Minster. Articled pupil of W. H. Garland, 
 and studied later under Dr. Nay lor. Grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac, 1892, Durham. Assistant 
 organist, York ]\Iinster ; Organist to the late 
 Archbishop Thomson, 1885 ; St. Martins-le- 
 Grand, York, 1888 ; Deputy at York Minster, 
 part of 1891 ; and in 1892 succeeded E. H. 
 Lemare at the Parish Church, ShefiSeld. 
 Conductor of Viscountess Downe's Madrigal 
 Society, 1891 ; Countess of Harewood's Ladies' 
 Choir, 1892-3. His compositions are : Psalm 
 1 for soli, chorus, and strings ; Two evening 
 services, anthems ; Pieces for pf., and for 
 organ ; and music for the Three Masonic 
 Craft Ceremonies. 
 
 Hann, William Henry, viola player. 
 Musician in ordinary to the Queen. Member 
 of the Philharmonic, and other orchestras ; 
 and for many years in the band of the Three 
 Choirs Festivals. In 1895 he succeeded 
 Mr. Doyle as principal viola in the Leeds 
 Festival orchestra. Since 1886 he has, with 
 his sons, Lewis R. Hann, violinist, A.R.A.M. ; 
 Edwaed Hopkins, violinist ; Sidney H., 
 A.R.A.M., pianist; and Clement, A.R.A.M., 
 violoncellist, given series of chamber concerts 
 at Brixton, which have had considerable 
 educational value. William Charles Hann, 
 violoncellist, pupil of Piatti, is a player of 
 repute, and has appeared at London concerts 
 with success. 
 
 Hanway, Jonas, traveller and writer, 
 
 HARDIMAN. 
 
 born at Portsmouth, in 1712 ; and died in 
 1786. He was a traveller, and occupied much 
 of his time in acts of benevolence. Author of 
 " Thoughts on the importance of the Sabbath, 
 also on the use and advantage of music," 
 London, 1765. 
 
 Harcourt, James, organist and composer, 
 born in Norwich, October 27, 1818. After 
 some years as chorister in the cathedral, he 
 was apprenticed to Alfred Pettet, organist of 
 St. Peter, Maucroft ; and to this church he 
 was appointed in 1851, after holding ofifice at 
 some other churches. Failing health com- 
 pelled him to resign in 1877. He was for 
 tliiny years organist and conductor of the 
 Norwich Choral Society ; for many years 
 organist at the Triennial Musical Festivals, 
 until 1872, when he became chorus master, 
 which last office he held for about eight years. 
 He was a fast friend of the composer. H. 
 Hugo Pierson. He died at Norwich, May 27, 
 1883. He composed a Rondo in D, for or- 
 chestra ; Two string quartets (one, in C, 
 afterwards published as a Sonata for pf. and 
 violin) ; Thr> e movements for the soft stops, 
 organ, and some arrangements of chamber 
 music for that instrument. 
 
 J. Arthur Harcourt, his son, was born at 
 Norwich, January 2, 18)2. Received his 
 musical education from his father. Organist 
 and choirmaster of the Roman Catholic 
 Church (cathedral), the nave of which was 
 opened August 29, 1894, erected at the cost 
 of the Duke of Norfolk. He has written 
 much, but his compositions remain in MS. 
 They include an operetta " The science of 
 love " (Clifford Harrison), performed, Nor- 
 wich, October, 1874; Canta'a, "The return 
 of Spring " (words by the same), Norwich, 
 May, 1884; Liturgical music; Twelve songs ; 
 Four duets, etc. A concert overture, for 
 orchestra ; organ and pianoforte pieces, and 
 various arrangements. Ernest Harcourt, 
 brother of the foregoing, was born at Norwich, 
 January 25, 1860. Chorister and solo boy 
 at St. Peter, Maucroft. Resident in Norwich, 
 as composer, conductor, violinist, and violon- 
 cellist. In 1893, founded the Norwich Or- 
 chestral Union, which gives good concerts 
 in St. Andrew's Hall every year. Among his 
 compositions are an oratorio, "The Deluge," 
 op. 32 ; Cantatas, " The Chapel bell," op. 
 19 ; " An Autumn legend " (composed, 1890) ; 
 Anthem, " And in the sixth month," op 34; 
 and a part-song, " A song of welcome," all 
 with orchestral accompaniment. Arabesque, 
 for orchestra ; Quintet for wood-wind (Nor- 
 wich, 1896) ; Chanson in F, violoncello and 
 pf., performed by the Musical Artists' Society, 
 London, May, 1893 ; and pieces for violin and 
 pf., etc. 
 
 Hardiman, James, Irish writer and 
 M. R. I. A., was a native of Galway. He 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 183 
 
 HARDING. 
 
 became Librarian of Queen's College, Galway, 
 and died there in 1855. Author of Irish 
 Minstrelsy, or Bardic remains of Ireland ; 
 with English poetical translations, collected 
 and edited with notes and illustrations," Lou- 
 don, 2 vols., 1831. 
 
 Harding, Henry Alfred, organist, born 
 at Salisbury, July 25, 1855. Studied under 
 Dr. Abram, Dr. Keeton, and Dr. C. W. Gorfe. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac. 1877 ; Mus. Doc. 1882, 
 Oxford. F.R.C.O. ; L.R.A.M. (organ), 1895. 
 Examinei- for the Incorporated Society of 
 Musicians. Organist of Sidmouth Parish 
 Church, and conductor of Sidmouth Choral 
 Society for some years. Organist and director 
 of the choir Bedford Parish Church, and Cor- 
 poration organist. His composinious include 
 Psalm 106, for soli, chorus, and orchestra, 
 and an oratorio, St. Thomas (University ex. 
 Mus. Doc.) ; Morning service in D, etc. He 
 has published some songs and pf. pieces, and 
 is author of Analysis of Form, as displayed 
 in Beethoven's thirty-two pianoforte sonatas, 
 Novello, 1890. 
 
 Hare, Amy, pianist, born at Taunton, 
 Somerset. Studied at R. A.M., winning the 
 extra Bennett Prize, 1880 ; and the Potter 
 exhibition, 1881. A.R.A.M. Appeared as 
 solo pianist at the Gloucester Festival, 1883. 
 Toured in Germany with success, 1886-7 ; and 
 visited America in 1889. Gave recitals at 
 Taunton and other places in 1893, and settled 
 in Washington, LT.S.A., in that year. She 
 was again in England in 1895-7, and played 
 at St. James's and the Queen's Hall. 
 
 Harford, Rev. Frederick K., amateur 
 musician, born at Clifton, Bristol, in 1832. 
 Educated at Rugby School, and at Oxford. 
 Ordained 1856. Chaplain to the Bishop of 
 Gibraltar ; appointed a Minor Canon of 
 Westminster Abbey, 1862. He has composed 
 several settings of the Te Deum and Jubilate ; 
 an evening service, and a number of anthems. 
 A cantata, " Haroun al Raschid," produced 
 1884 ; Marches and other pieces for orchestra. 
 " Schlummerlied," and various songs. He 
 was active in the attenrpt to popularize the 
 National Anthem in India, and prepared a 
 version that was performed at the Albert 
 Palace, on June 20, 1887. He was the pro- 
 jector of the " Guild of St. Cecilia," an asso- 
 ciation having for its object the employment 
 of music as an aid in illness. An experi- 
 mental concert was given in Westminster 
 Palace Hotel. September 14, 1891. 
 
 Hargitt, Charles, pianist and composer, 
 born in York, in 1804. First studied under 
 his uncle (Charles Hargitt, died 1865), and 
 played in public, a concerto, when eleven 
 years of age. A few years later he studied 
 pianoforte with Charles Knyvett, harmon}' 
 with Dr. Crotch, and had violin lessons from 
 Spagnoletti. He played for three years in the 
 
 HARKER. 
 
 band at the Ancient Concerts. His London 
 debtU as a pianist was at C. Knyvett's concert 
 at the Hanover Square Rooms, May 18, 1821, 
 when be played Field's concerto, " The Storm," 
 for the first time in England. Subsequently 
 he studied under Moscheles. Upon the 
 advice of his intniiate friend, J. B. Cramer, 
 he settled in Edinburgh, where for nearly 
 fifty years he occupied the leading position 
 as professor. He was passionately fond of 
 pictures, and his collection was considered one 
 of the sights of Edinburgh. His compositions 
 were numerous, his arrangements and varia- 
 tions being the best known. The Musical 
 Beauties of Scotland, and the songs " The 
 last rose," and " My soul doth long," may be 
 mentioned. After retiring from the profession 
 he resided in Liverpool, where he died, in 1880. 
 
 Hargitt, Charles John, son of the pre- 
 ceding, was born in Edinburgh, in 1833. 
 Studied under his father, Charles Halle, 
 G. A. Macfarren, and Ferdinand Hiller. Was 
 organist of St. ]\Iary's Catholic Church, Edin- 
 burgh. Founder, and up to 1862, Conductor 
 of the Edinburgh Choral L^nion. In 1862 he 
 went to London, where he continues to reside; 
 and has conducted oratorio and other concert 
 performances. He organised the Royal Albert 
 Hall Choral Society, of which he was sub- 
 conductor to Gounod. 
 
 W' ORKS. — Opera, Coronet or Crown ; Two 
 operettas; Cantata, The Harvest Queen; 
 Overtures, marches, and incidental music to 
 plays ; Church music. Song, The Mitherless 
 Bairn; The Last Good-night; A Parting Gift, 
 etc. Melody for trombone and organ ; Pf. 
 pieces, etc. Scotch airs harmonised ; Part- 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Hargreaves, George, musician and artist, 
 son of Thomas Hargreaves, the famous minia- 
 ture painter, born at Liverpool, 1799. He died 
 at Liscard, Cheshire, in 1869. Best known as 
 the composer of numerous prize glees. He 
 wrote masses, an opera, songs. The Battle of 
 Muta ; The Breathings of Song, eight songs ; 
 Hours of Beauty, glee, 5 voices, etc., and had 
 some little renown as a niiniature painter. 
 
 Harington Henry, M.D., composer and 
 phj'sician, born at Kelston, Somersetshire, 
 September 29, 1727. Entered Queen's College, 
 Oxford, 1745 ; B.A., 1748. M.D. and M.A., 
 Oxon. Member of Oxford Musical Society. 
 Physician at Wells and Bath. He established 
 a Musical Society there, and at one time held 
 office as Mayor of Bath. He died at Bath, 
 January 15, 1816. 
 
 WOEKS.— Three Books of Glees, 1770, 1785, 
 and 1797 ; Single Glees ; Songs ; Anthems ; 
 The hymn tune "Harington," or "Retire- 
 ment," etc. 
 
 Harker,W., musician, author of "Practical 
 Grammar of Music," London, 1830-36. "Ele- 
 ments of Vocal Music," London, 1845. 
 
184 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HARLAND. 
 
 Harland, Robert Holland, vocalist and 
 writer, boni in Yorlvshire, about 1822. He 
 settled in Glasgow as a teacher of music, and 
 died there, October 7, 1889. He composed a 
 number of songs, and wrote a " Treatise on 
 Singing, in which the rules of sol-fa notation, 
 or learning to sing by notes, are explained by 
 examples calculated to render sight-singing 
 simple and easy," Glasgow, 1881. 
 
 Harmston, John William, composer and 
 pianist, born in London, 1823 ; died Liibeck, 
 August 26, 1881. Composer of an immense 
 number of pianoforte pieces, such as " Le jet 
 d'eau," op. 193 ; La belle Rosiere," op. 195 ; 
 " Danse des Sylphes," op. ]96 ; Les Naiades," 
 op. 211, etc., chiefly printed by foreign pub- 
 lishers. 
 
 Harper, Charles Abraham, horn player, 
 second son of Thomas Harper, was born in 
 London, in 1819. For many years he was 
 the principal performer on his instrument in 
 the leading English orchestras, occupying the 
 post of first horn at the Royal Italian Opera 
 for thirty years. He retired from the pro- 
 fession in 1886, — his last appointment being 
 in the orchestra of the Savoy Theatre, — 
 receiving from his colleagues a handsome 
 token of their esteem. Charles A. Harper 
 died in London, January 5th, 1893. 
 
 His brother, Edmund Bryan Harper (born 
 about 1817 ; died at Hillsborough, Ireland, 
 May 18, 1869), was also a noted horn player, 
 and had some reputation as an organist (he 
 was organist to the Marquis of Downshire) 
 and composer of vocal music. Among his 
 songs may be named " A bandit's life is the 
 life for me," 1868 ; " Love's whisper" ; " Many 
 years ago " ; " Truth in absence," etc. He 
 also composed pf. music. He married Mari- 
 anne Lincoln, the vocalist (g.t^). 
 
 Harper, Rev. John, clergyman, author 
 of " The nature and efficacy of Musick to 
 prepare the mind for good impressions," a 
 sermon ; London, 1830. 
 
 Harper, Thomas, trumpet player, born 
 Worcester, May 3, 1787. Studied in London, 
 under Elvey, 1798. Member of the East 
 India Volunteer Band. Principal trumpet- 
 player at Drury Lane and English Opera 
 House. Played at Birmingham Musical 
 Festival, 1820. Inspector of musical instru- 
 ments for the East India Company. Principal 
 trumpet-player at Royal Italian Opera, and 
 at Concert of Ancient Music. He died at 
 London, Jannary 20, 1853. 
 
 He wrote an Instruction Book for the 
 Trumpet; "School for the Cornct-a-piston," 
 London [1865], and compiled a number of 
 books of selections for that instrument, the 
 Kent bugle, etc. He also arranged airs for 
 the bugle. 
 
 His son, Thomas John, born London, 1816, 
 entered the R.A.M. in 1830, studying violin 
 
 HARRIS. 
 
 and pf., in addition to the trumpet. He was 
 for a time violinist in the opera band at Her 
 Majesty's Theatre. As a trumpet-player he 
 was early in arriving at a high position. 
 Associated with his father in the principal 
 orchestras and festivals, he succeeded him as 
 the first trumpet-player of the day. His last 
 Festival appearance was at Hereford, 1885. 
 He was for a long time a professor at the 
 R.A.M., of which institution he is a Fellow. 
 
 Harper, William Henry, pianist and 
 composer, born in London, August 26, 1845. 
 He is accompanist to the South London 
 Choral Association, and the composer of 
 several songs and pf. pieces ; " Hunters' 
 chorus"; •' 'Tis lone on the waters," and 
 other part-songs, etc. 
 
 Harraden, R. Ethel, Mrs. Frank 
 Glover, composer of the present time. Her 
 works comprise an operetta, " His last 
 chance"; A cantata, "Pearl," for treble 
 voices ; Chorus, " Over the sea our galleys 
 went," performed by the Browning Society, 
 November 28, 1884 ; The lover's leap ; Waking 
 and dreaming ; Gaydon Inn, and many other 
 songs. Two melodies ; Gavotte ; Legende, 
 for violin and pf., etc. Her sister, Beatrice 
 Harraden, is a skilful performer on the 
 violoncello, but is better known as the writer 
 of " Ships that x^ass in the night," "In vary- 
 ing moods," and other works. Herbert 
 Harraden is a composer, pianist, and lyric 
 author. He wrote the book of the operetta 
 named above, and has published some songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Harrington, Henry, see Harington, 
 Henry. 
 
 Harris, George Frederick, Rudolf 
 Normann, organist and composer, born at 
 London in 1796. For 45 years he was organ- 
 ist of St. Lawrence, Jewry, London. He died 
 at London, November 21, 1867. Under the 
 pseudonym of Rudolf Normann, he published 
 many arrangements for the pianoforte and 
 organ. 
 
 Harris, James, M.P., author and ama- 
 teur composer, born at Salisbury, in 1709, 
 died, December 22, 1780. Author of " Three 
 Treatises — IMusic, Painting, and Poetry," etc., 
 London, 1744. 5 editions issued to 1792. 
 
 Harris, Joseph John, organist and com- 
 poser, born at London, in 1799. Chorister in 
 Chapel Royal. Organist of S. Olave's Church, 
 Southwark, 1823 ; of Blackburn Church, 1828 ; 
 and choirmaster of Collegiate Church, Man- 
 chester. He became organist of the Cathedral 
 in 1848. He died at Manchester, February 
 10, 1869. 
 
 Works. — Selection of Psalm and Hymn 
 Tunes, adapted to the psalms and hymns used 
 in the Church of S. Olave, Southwark, 1827; 
 Four glees [1837] ; Anthems ; Songs, etc. ; 
 The ]\Iusical Exposition, a guide for parents 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 185 
 
 . HARRIS. 
 
 in their choice of qualifiecl teachers of music, 
 8vo, 1845. 
 
 His son, Joseph Thorne Harris (1828- 
 1869), was also a musician. 
 
 His brother James, born 1797, died at 
 Lewisham, April 1-3, 1875. Graduated as 
 Mus. Bac, Oxford, in 1833. 
 
 Harris, Joseph Macdonald, organist 
 and composer, born at London, in 1789. He 
 was a chorister in Westminster Abbey, and a 
 pupil of Robert Cooke. In 1843 he had to be 
 confined in a luuatic asylum. He died in Maj' 
 [1860] . Wrote songs, duets, and pf . music. 
 Published five vocal trios [1817] ; Six glees 
 [1812] . " Select portions of the Psalms, 
 a collection of metrical versions, with sixty 
 psalms and fifty hymns by the most approved 
 authors. By Montague Burgoyne. The 
 music newly harmonised and arranged for 1, 
 2, or 8 voices by J. M. Harris," London, 
 2 vols., 1827. 
 
 Harrison, Annie Fortescue, sp.e sub. 
 Hill, Lord Arthur. 
 
 Harrison, John, watchmaker and writer, 
 born at Poulby, Yorkshire, 1693 ; died at 
 London, March 24, 1776. Author of a work 
 entitled " A description concerning such 
 mechanism as will afford a nice or true 
 mensuration of Time, with an account of the 
 discovery of the scale of music." London, 
 1775. He invented an improved chronometer 
 and was a celebrated mechanician. 
 
 Harrison, John, musician and organist, 
 was born at C!anterbury, in 1808. He was a 
 pupil of Goodban and Field, and was for 
 eighteen years organist of St. Andrew's 
 Church, Deal. He died at Deal, February 
 21, 1871. Compiler of " Sacred Music, a 
 selection of Psalm tunes from the works of 
 Bach, Handel, etc.," 1838. " Chants ar- 
 ranged for four voices, or a single voice," 
 etc. 
 
 Another John Harrison, of Malton, York- 
 shire, issued " Original Sacred Melodies," 
 Malton, 1865 
 
 Harrison, Rev. Ralph, clergyman and 
 musician, born at Chinley, Derbyshire, Sep- 
 tember 10, 1748. He was minister of Cross 
 Street Unitarian Chapel, Manchester, from 
 1777 till 1810. He died at Manchester, No- 
 vember 4, 1810. Compiler of " Sacred Har- 
 mony, a collection of Psalm tunes, ancient 
 and modern, set in four parts . . ," 1784-91, 
 2 vols. This contains the well-known psalm- 
 tunes, " Warrington," "Ridley," and " Peter- 
 borough," all by Harrison. 
 
 Harrison, Samuel, tenor vocalist, born 
 at Belper, Derby, September 8, 1760. Ap- 
 peared as treble singer at the Concert of 
 Ancient Music, 1776-78. Sang at Handel 
 Commemoration, 1784. Tenor at Concert of 
 Ancient Music. Married Miss Cantelo, 1790. 
 Established (with Knyvett) the Vocal Con- 
 
 . HARROP. 
 
 certs, 1791-4. He died at London, June 25, 
 1812. 
 
 Was one of the most popular tenor singers 
 of his time, and was particularly successful 
 in ballad singing. 
 
 Harrison, William, tenor vocalist and 
 composer, born at Marylebone, London, June 
 15, 1813. Hemadehisfirst public appearance 
 in 1836, and afterwards studied at the R.A.M., 
 1836-7. He sang at Sacred Harmonic Society 
 concerts ; debut in opera, at Covent Garden 
 Theatre, in Rooke's " Henrique." Established, 
 with Miss Louisa Pyne, "The English Opera 
 Company," 1856. Sang in tenor roles in 
 operas by Balfe, Wallace, Benedict, Mellon, 
 etc. He died at London, November 9, 1868. 
 He composed an operetta, " Les noces de 
 Jeannette," and a number of songs, but is 
 best remembered as an encourager and pro- 
 moter of national English opera. He pro- 
 duced Balfe's "Bohemian Girl"; "Rose of 
 Castille," etc., and Wallace's "Maritana" 
 and " Lurline." 
 
 Harrison, William, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Lichfield, in 1841. He was a 
 chorister in Lichfield Cathedral, and after- 
 wards a music teacher at Rugby School, and 
 at Liverpool. In 1867 he was appointed 
 organist of St. James's Church, at Leith, and 
 he was also conductor of the Dunfermline 
 Choral Society. He composed a Jubilee Ode, 
 words by W. B. Baildon, 1887. He died at 
 Edinburgh, June 21, 1889. 
 
 Harriss, Charles Albert Edwin, organist 
 and composer, born in London, December 15, 
 1862. Son of Edwin Harriss, sometime 
 organist of St. Mark's, Wrexham, where he 
 was a chorister at the age of eight. Elected 
 Ouseley Scholar, St. Michael's College, Ten- 
 bury, 1875. Was assistant organist at St. 
 Giles Parish Church, Reading, 1880 ; and in 
 1881, appointed to the Parish Church, Welsh- 
 j)ool, and private organist to the Earl of 
 Powis. In 1883, father and son settled in 
 Montreal, Canada, and soon imparted new 
 vigour to the musical life of the place. 
 Charles was appointed organist and rector- 
 chori of Christ Church Cathedral, and later 
 to the Church of St. James the Apostle, which 
 became, by his exertions, famous for the excel- 
 lence of its musical services. A glee and 
 madrigal society was also established. His 
 cantata, "Daniel before the King," produced 
 by the Montreal Philharmonic Society in 
 1890, was the first published work of the kind 
 by a composer resident in Canada. He has 
 also written an opera, "Torquil," produced 
 Montreal, 1896 ; a large number of anthems, 
 songs, pf. and organ pieces. As an extempore 
 player on the organ he has a high reputation. 
 
 Harrop, Sarah, Mrs. Joah Bates, soprano 
 vocalist, born in Lancashire, and was origin- 
 ally employed in a factory at Halifax. She 
 
186 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 HARROWAY. 
 
 studied under Sacchini and Dr. Howard. 
 Married to Joah Bates, 1780. She sang at all 
 the principal London concerts and festivals. 
 Died in London, December 11, 1811. 
 
 Harroway, John, composer and con- 
 ductor, horn about 1809 ; died, January 25, 
 1857. He composed music for numerous 
 comic and other songs by Sam Cowell, J. E. 
 Carpenter, etc., such as " Alonzo the brave " ; 
 " That's the way the money goes " ; " Who's 
 your hatter?" etc. He also published much 
 dance music. 
 
 Hart, Charles, composer and organist, 
 born May 19, 1797. Studied at the Koyal 
 Academy of JNIusic under Crotch. Organist 
 successively of St. Duustaii's, Stepney, 1829- 
 33 ; Tredegar Square Church, and St. George's, 
 Beckenham. He died at London, March 29, 
 1859. 
 
 Works. — Omnipotence, oratorio, 1839. 
 Three anthems dedicated to Dr. Crotch. Te 
 Deum and Jubilate in C (Gresham j^rize com- 
 position, 1831). Glees, songs, etc. 
 
 Hart, George, violinist and writer, born 
 in London, March 28, 1839. He studied at 
 the Royal Academy of Llusic under Sir G. A. 
 Macfarren and M. Sainton. While a fine 
 violinist, he was better known as a judge of 
 the instrument and as a maker. He succeeded 
 to liis father's business, and became head of 
 the firm of Hart and Son, Wardour Street, 
 London. Author of two valuable works ; The 
 Violin, its famous linkers, and heir imitators, 
 London, Dulau, 1875 ; and The Violin and 
 its music, Londidi, Noveilo, 1881. Tlie first 
 has passed through several editions, and was 
 published in French, in 1886. He died in 
 London, April 25, 1891. 
 
 Hart, Joseph Bines, organist and com- 
 poser, born at London, in 1794. Chorister in 
 St. Paul's Cathedral in 1801. He studied 
 under John Sale, S. Wesley, M. Cooke, J. B. 
 Cramer, and Attwood. Leputy organist to 
 Attwood at St. Paul's. 1805. Org ni^t at 
 Walthamstow, and at Tottenham. Chorus- 
 master, English Opera House, Lyceum, 1818 
 20. IMusic-seller in Hastings, 1829. Organist 
 St. Mary's Chapel, Hastings. He died at 
 Hastings, December 10, 1844. 
 
 Works — Dramatic Music : Amateurs and 
 actors, 1818 ; A walk for a wager, 1819 ; The 
 Bull's head, 1819 ; The Vampire, 1820. Sets 
 of quadrilles, waltzes, lancers, etc. ; An easy 
 mode of teaching thorough-bass and compo- 
 sition. Songs, pf. music. 
 
 Hart is credited with the invention of the 
 dance form known as the Tjaucer's Quadrille. 
 His music is not of much importance. With 
 John Fawcett, he edited " Melodia divina, a 
 sacred companion for the pf " 
 
 Hart, Philip, composer and organist, was 
 born about the middle of the 17th century. 
 He was a bass singer at York Minster till 
 
 HARVEY. 
 
 1670, when he became a Gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal, 1670-1718. Lay-vicar West- 
 minster, 1670-1718. Organist of St. Andrew 
 Undershaft, London ; St. Michael's, Coruhill ; 
 St. Dionis, Blackheath, 1724. He died at 
 London, 1749. 
 
 Works. — Ode in praise of musick (Hughes), 
 1703 ; Morning hymn from Paradise Lost, 
 Milton, 1729 ; Anthems ; Organ fugues ; Songs 
 in various collections. Melodies proper to be 
 sung to any of ye versions of ye Psahns of 
 David " [17ia]. 
 
 James Hart (1647-1718), who was a Gentle- 
 man of the Chapel Royal and a chorister of 
 Westminster Abbey, was probably a relative. 
 
 Hartland. A family of musicians, at West 
 Bromwich, Staffordshire. The father, Timothy 
 Hartland, was born in 1810. For some 
 years he was organist of the Parish Church, 
 and afterwards, for 50 years, organist and 
 choirmaster of Ebenezer Church, West Brom- 
 wich. The first in the locality to adopt the 
 Hullah system of teaching singing, he formed 
 a large and successful class. He had a fine 
 tenor voice, was a skilful flute player, and did 
 much for the promotion of music in the 
 district. He wrote a good deal of church 
 music, and his anthems and hymn tunes have 
 gained popularity in America and Australia. 
 He died at West Bromwich, February 16, 1891. 
 
 His youngest son, William Hartland was 
 born at West Bromwich in 1850. Appeared 
 in public as a pianist at a very early age. 
 Studied first under a local teacher, Symeon 
 Grosvenor, and later under C. E. Flavell, and 
 Franklin Taylor, with whom he resided in 
 London ; studied the organ with F. Archer. 
 Returning to West Bromwich, he held office 
 as organist at several churches, but his teach- 
 ing connection extending, he gave these up. 
 In 1877 he was elected Town Hall organist ; 
 and in 1875 he founded the West Bromwich 
 Choral Society the conductorship of which 
 he still retains. In 1891 he started a series 
 of Sunday evening organ recitals in the Town 
 Hall, and has frequently appeared as pianist 
 at concerts. The Choral Society attaining its 
 majority, a Musical Festival — the first — was 
 held at West Bromwich, April 22, 1896, to 
 celebrate the event, and occasion was taken 
 to recognise the honorary work of the con- 
 ductor. He is Professor of Singing at the 
 West Bromwich Institute. His sister, Lizzie 
 Hartland, was for some time accompanist to 
 the Choral Society, but is now occupied in 
 teaching and composition. Her dramatic 
 cantata, " Coeur de Lion," was performed at> 
 West Bromwich in February, 1888. She has 
 also written a cantata for female voices, 
 " Queen of the roses"; many songs, part- 
 songs, and pf. pieces. 
 
 Harvey, Richard Frederick, composer. 
 Has published an immense number of pf. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 187 
 
 HARVEY. 
 
 pieces, fantasies, arrangements, and a few 
 original compositions. Also " I love but thee 
 alone ; The golden days ; Thady and 1 ; 
 Stormy petrel, and many other songs, part- 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Harvey, William, musician, composer 
 of " The ]\Ielksham Harmony, containing 50 
 original tunes, etc," London [1800] . 
 
 Harwood, Basil, organist and composer, 
 born at Woodhouse,01veston. Gloucestershire, 
 April 11, 1859. Educated at Charterhouse, 
 and Trinity College, Oxford. Studied under 
 J. L. Roeckel, G. Riseley, C. W. Corfe ; and 
 at Leipzig Conservatorium under Reinecke 
 and Jadassohn. Mus. Bac, 1880; B.A., 1881 ; 
 M.A., 1884, Oxford. Organist of Trinity 
 College, Oxford, 1878-81 ; St. Barnabas, Pim- 
 lico, 1883-7 ; Ely Cathedral, 1887-92 ; and 
 Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, from 1892. 
 Conductor of Oxford Orchestral Association, 
 1892 ; Orpheus Society, 1894. President of 
 the University Musical Club, 1895. His pub- 
 lished works comprise : Agnus Dei, and 
 Salutaris, chorus and organ, op. 2 ; Cathe- 
 dral Service in A flat, op. 6; Six songs, op. 3; 
 Trio, fenrale voices, To Daffodils, Christmas 
 Carols, etc. Sonata in C sharp minor, op. 5 ; 
 and Dythyramb, op. 7, for organ. Three 
 pieces for pf., op. 1, etc. 
 
 Harwood, Edward, composer, born at 
 Hoddleson, near Blackburn, 1707, died in 1787. 
 Composed " A Set of Hymns and Psalm 
 Tunes,", .n.d. ; "A Second Set,". .Chester, 
 1786. Chants and anthems, a few of which 
 are in use at the present time. The first set 
 of hymns contains the well-known setting of 
 Pope's "Vital spark of heavenly flame." 
 Harwood also wrote a number of once popular 
 songs. 
 
 Haskins, James F., musician, compiled 
 a Concertina Preceptor, London, 1852; Piano- 
 forte Preceptor, 1853; Singing Preceptor, n.d. ; 
 Modern Cornopean Preceptor, 1853, and other 
 works, for Tegg, the publisher. He was a 
 teacher in London, and celebrated the 40th 
 anniversarv of his musical career at Shore- 
 ditch, in 18S8. 
 
 Hastings, David Henry, writer on music, 
 was born about 1809 ; and died on December 
 10, 1890. He was musical critic to the 
 Moaning HeraM, and for over forty years he 
 conti-ibuted to the Musical World. 
 
 Hately, Thomas Legerwood, composer, 
 editor, and teacher, born at Greenlaw, Ber- 
 wickshire, September 26, 1815. Apprenticed 
 when a boy to Messrs. Ballantyne & Co., 
 printers, with whom he remained 11 years. 
 Entered employment of Thomas Constable. 
 Self-taught in music. Precentor of North 
 Leith Parish Church, 1836; do. St. Mary's 
 Parish Church, Edinburgh. Appointed (after 
 disruption)precentor to Free Church Assembly. 
 Precentor in Free High Church. Established 
 
 HATHERLY. 
 
 " Annual aggregate meetings of Congregational 
 Classes," for practice of psalmody, 1846. 
 Director of the Scottish Vocal ]\Iusic Asso- 
 ciation, founded 1856. He died at Edinburgh, 
 March 22, 1867. 
 
 Works. — The National Psalmody, a selec- 
 tion of tunes for the use of churches, etc., 
 Edinburgh [1847] ; The Psalmody of the Free 
 Church of Scotland, with an accompaniment 
 for the pianoforte. Prepared under the super- 
 intendence of George Hogarth, Esq., Edin- 
 burgh, 1845 (other editions) ; The Scottish 
 Psalmody, 1852 ; Irish Presbyterian Psalmody ; 
 Hynuials of the Church of Scotland ; His- 
 torical lectures on Psalmody, with illustra- 
 tions ; Lecture on music of the Scottish 
 Reformation (included in Tricentenary pro- 
 ceedings), 1860 ; Harmonies of Zion. Psalm 
 'iuiLCS : Glencairn, Huntingtower, Cunning- 
 ham, Leuchars, Submission, Makerstoun, 
 Nenthorn, Kilmany, Zuingle, Polwarth, Con- 
 solation, etc. ; Seann Fhuinn nan Salm Mar 
 tha iad air an Seinn anns A'Ghaeltachd mu 
 Thuath ; or, the old Gaelic psalm tunes as 
 sung in the congregations of the Free Church 
 of Scotland in the North Highlands, Edin- 
 burgh, 1845. IMelodies for the young, Edin- 
 bui'gh, n d. 
 
 Hately, Walter, pianist and composer, 
 born in Edinburgh, January 29, 1843. Son 
 of the preceding. Educated at the High 
 School, Edinburgh. Studied music at the 
 Conservatorium. Leipzig, under Plaidy, INIos- 
 cheles, Reinecke, Hauptmann, E. F. Richter, 
 and Dreyschock. 1861-4. Later, be studied 
 for a short time with Schulhoff at Dresden. 
 Resident since 1865 in Edinburgh. Teacher 
 of pf. in the Ladies' College; Merchant Com- 
 pany's Schools ; Church of Scotland Training 
 College; and precentor of Free St. George's 
 Church. President of the Edinburgh Free 
 Church Praise Union, 1892. Mr. Hately has 
 published : Heigh-ho, daisies and buttercups ; 
 Ellorie ; King winter ; Row, burnie row, and 
 other songs, including two settings from 
 Goethe. Nocturne ; Romances ; Barcarolle, 
 etc., for pf. ; also a New Pf. Tutor. Editor of 
 Church of Scotland Psalter and Hymnal, 
 1868 ; and contributor of hymn tunes to 
 various collection s. He also aided the Psalmody 
 Committee of the Scottish Church in the 
 preparation of their tune-book. 
 
 Hatherly, Very Rev. Stephen Qeorge= 
 son, composer and writer on music, born at 
 Bristol, February 14, 1827. Studied music 
 privately, and received instruction in com- 
 position from the Rev. W. H. Havergal. Held 
 appointments as organist at Darlaston, 1844 ; 
 Solihull, 1847; St. James's, Wednesbury, 
 1855 ; Tettenhall, 1863-8. Musical conductor 
 at the Greek Church, Liverpool, 1857. Gradu- 
 ated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1856 ; and in 1893, 
 received the degree of ]\Ius. Doc, honoris 
 
188 
 
 r.EITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HATTERSLEY. 
 
 causa, from the University of St. Andrews. 
 Ordained deacon and priest of the Greeii 
 Church at Constantinople, 1871 ; and in 1875 
 became Protopresbyter of the Patriarchal 
 CEcumenical Throne of Constantinople. Was 
 engaged on the Mission to Greek and Slavonian 
 Seamen at Bristol Channel ports. He has 
 published upwards of fifty works, many of 
 them relating to Greek music, on which 
 subject he is an acknowledged authority. 
 These include Specimens of Ancient Byzantine 
 Ecclesiastical ]\Ielody, for 4 voices, Greek 
 text, 1879 ; Hymns of the Eastern Church, 
 translated by Dr. Neale, complete, with music 
 from Greek and other sources, 1882 ; A treatise 
 on Byzantine Music, London, Gardner, 1892, 
 an elaborate and scholarly work. An orator- 
 iette. Baptism, 1860 ; Te Deum and Jubilate, 
 1853 ; Benedictus and Apostles' Creed, 1856 ; 
 Service of the Greek Church in English, 1860 ; 
 Common Praise, an enlarged edition (the 
 5th) of Rev. W. H. Havergal's Old Church 
 Psalmody, 1864 ; Appendix to 6th edition of 
 same, 1876. Imperial Russian Air, and God 
 save the Queen, set in canon, etc. He has 
 lectured on Greek Church j\Iusic (Liverpool, 
 1889), and contributed to Musical Cpiidon, 
 and other papers. 
 
 Hattersley, Frederick Kilvington, 
 pianist and composer, born at Wortley Grove, 
 Leeds, June 11, 1861. Studied at R.A.M., 
 winning the Balfe Scholarship, 1881, and the 
 Charles Lucas jarize for composition, 1883. 
 Studied later at Munich Conservatorium under 
 Rheinberger. A.R.A.M. ; Mus. Bac, Cam- 
 bridge, 1887. Resident in Leeds as organist 
 and choirmaster of St. John's Church, com- 
 poser and teacher. 
 
 Works. — Cantata, Robert of Sicily, for 
 soli, chorus, and orchestra (specially written 
 for the Leeds Philharmonic Society, and pro- 
 duced ]March 14, 1894) ; Evening service in 
 E flat ; songs, etc. Symphony for orchestra 
 (Bradford, 1885) ; Concert overture in E minor 
 (composed for, and produced at the Leeds 
 Festival, October 15, 1886, and performed at 
 the Crystal Palace, February 19, 1887) ; Trio 
 in D minor, pf. and strings (Leeds, 1885) ; 
 Sonatas for pf. and violin, in G minor (Leeds, 
 1889), and P major (London, 1894) ; pieces 
 for pf., etc. 
 
 Hatton, David, bag-pipe player, born at 
 Thornton, Yorkshire, 1769 ; died November 
 22, 1847. He invented an instrument some- 
 thing like the Irish bag-pipe, on which he 
 performed with much skill. 
 
 Hatton, John Liptrot, composer and 
 pianist, born at Liverpool, October 12, 1809. 
 He was chiefly self-taught in music, and in 
 1832 he settled in London, where he became 
 pianist at Drury Lane Theatre, eic. He 
 visited the United States in 1848. Musical 
 director of Princesses Theatre, London, under 
 
 HATTON. 
 
 management of Charles Kean. He was a 
 teacher and pianist, and frequently travelled 
 in the provinces as accompanist to concert 
 parties. He died at Margate, September 20, 
 1886. 
 
 Works. — Operettas — Queen of the Thames, 
 1844 ; Pascal Bruno, 1844. Music for Mac- 
 beth, 1853 ; Sardanapalus, 1853 ; Faust and 
 IMarguerite, 1854 ; King Henry VIII , 1855 ; 
 The Tempest ; Richard II., 1857 ; King Lear, 
 1858 ; Merchant of Venice, 1858 ; and Much 
 ado about nothing, 1858. Rose, or Love's 
 Ransom, opera, Covent Garden, London, 
 1864. The First .printer. Robin Hood, can- 
 tata, 1856 ; Hezekiah, sacred drama, Decem- 
 ber 15, 1877. Concert overture in G. Two 
 fantasias for pf. and orchestra. Morning and 
 evening service in E ; Services in C and E 
 flat. Antlipms —Blessed be the Lord of Israel ; 
 Come Holy Ghost; I will extol Thee, my 
 God ; I will praise Thee with my whole heart ; 
 Out of the deep ; Thou art gone up on high ; 
 Pastor Holy ; Graduale ; Mass for four voices 
 and organ. Part-songs — Absence ; All things 
 love thee ; A song of winter ; Auburn village ; 
 A lover's song ; Beware ; Bird of the wilder- 
 ness; Bonney blackbird ; Come, live with me ; 
 Good night, beloved ; Hark ! the convent bells 
 are ringing ; I loved a lass, a fair one ; I met 
 her in the quiet lane ; King VVitlaff's drinking 
 horn ; Lo ! the peaceful shades of evening ; 
 Love me little, love me long ; Now let us 
 make the welkin ring ; Over hill, over dale ; 
 Shall I wasting in despair ; Sleep, my sweet ; 
 Song of the gipsey maidens ; Song to Pan ; 
 Stars of the summer night ; Summer eve ; 
 Life boat ; Pearl divers ; Rivals ; Village 
 blacksmith ; Venetian boatmen's evening 
 song : When evening's twilight. Songs — 
 Songs for sailors, written by W. C. Bennett ; 
 19 songs by Herri ck, Jonson, and Sedley ; 
 Autumn ; Aftermath ; By the millstream ; 
 Bird of song ; Cloris ; Come back, Annie ; 
 Dream, baby, dream ; Dick Turpiu ; Fair is 
 my love ; Fair daffodils ; Fair and false ; 
 Friar of orders grey ; Farmer at the banks ; 
 Garl nd, the; Gentle flower; Good-bye, 
 sweetheart ; Hope ; If my mistress hide her 
 face ; I stood on the beach ; I think on thee ; 
 Jack o' Lantern ; King and the cobbler ; 
 King Christmas ; Kitty Carew ; Leather 
 bottel ; Lass of Watertown ; Lady ]\Iaud ; 
 Memory ; Maiden's rose ; Maid Hove; Ocean; 
 Phcebe dearest ; Sweet as the moonlight ; 
 Simon the cellarer ; Song should breathe of 
 scents and flowers ; Spring ; Starbeams ; 
 Sailor's return ; Sun to his rest ; Sea song ; 
 Show-man ; True to love and thee ; The 
 wishing well ; The blind boy ; The gold- 
 smith's daughter ; The last fond look ; The 
 nun a"d the rose; The slave's dream ; 'Tis 
 midnight; Uncle Jack; Under the green- 
 wood tree ; Weep no more ; Winter ; When 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 189 
 
 HAVERFIELD. 
 
 far from thee iu distant lands ; Wilt think of 
 me ? Pianoforte Music — Six impromptus ; 
 Prelude and fugue in G minor ; Magic music ; 
 Presto ; Arrangements ; Dances. Singing 
 Methods for various voices ; Thirty Ele- 
 mentary Studies for pf. ; and many other 
 works. 
 
 His son, George Peedeeick Hatton, 
 appeared at a Richter concert in London, 
 June 13, 1881, in which year he was appointed 
 pianist to the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen. He 
 has played in many cities of Germany. 
 Composer of " The Golden Rose," a cantata 
 for treble voices ; Two trios for pf . and strings ; 
 Organ music, songs, etc. Another of his 
 family, a daughter, was a vocalist, now 
 married to Mr. C. G. IMoore, and resident in 
 Canada. 
 
 Haverfield, Rev. Thomas Tunstall, 
 clergyman and writer, author of "Feriae 
 Sacra?, or short notes on the great festivals 
 of the church and the services appointed for 
 their celebration, with appropriate chants and 
 hymns," London, 1847. Composed Collects, 
 etc. 
 
 Havergal, Rev. William Henry, com- 
 poser and divine, born at High Wycombe, 
 January 18, 1793. Educated at Oxford. 
 B.A., 1815; M.A., 1819. Rector of Astley, 
 Worcestershire, 1829-42. Rector of St. Nich- 
 olas, Worcester, and hon. canon Worcester 
 Cathedral, 1845. Rector of Shareshill, near 
 Wolverhampton, 1860-68. He died at Leam- 
 ington, April 19, 1870. 
 
 Works. — A History of the Old Hundredth 
 Psalm Tune, 1854. Old Church Psalmody, 
 1849. One Hundred Psalm and Hymn Tunes. 
 Ravenscroft's Psalter (1611), edited 1847. 
 Anthems, psalms, hymns, etc., to number of 
 about 50. Among his best known tunes may 
 be named Havergal (1870), and Evau (1846), 
 the latter being very popular in Britain and 
 America, where it was introduced by Lowell 
 Mason. 
 
 His daughter, Feances Ridley, born at 
 Astley Rectory, Worcestershire, December 14, 
 1836, was a pupil of Dr. Wm. Marshall and 
 Alberto Randegger. She died at Caswell Bay, 
 Swansea, June 3, 1879. She was a poetess of 
 some note, her hymns and other pieces having 
 been very popular. She composed some hymn 
 tunes, " Eirene," etc. 
 
 His eldest son, the Rev. Heney East 
 Havergal (born 1820, died January 12, 1875), 
 was educated at Oxford. He was made rector 
 of Cople, Bedfordshire, in 1847, and did much 
 to promote the cultivation of good music in 
 Bedford and Oxford. He composed much 
 church music, chants, hymns, etc., and edited 
 Wither's " Hymns of the Church," 1846. 
 
 His youngest son, the Rev. Francis T. 
 Havergal, D.D., was vicar of Upton Bishop, 
 Hereford. Died n-^ar Ross, iu July, 1890. 
 
 HAWES. 
 
 Author of "Memorials of Sir F. A. G. Ouse- 
 ley," 1889. 
 
 Hawdon, Matthias, organist and com- 
 poser. A celebrated performer in his day, but 
 of whom very few particulars are known. He 
 was organist of Beverley Minster, and of St. 
 Nicholas (now the Cathedral), Newcastle-on- 
 Tyne. He was appointed to the latter in 1776, 
 and is said to have held the dual appointment 
 for some time. He was buried, ]\Iarch 22, 
 1787, according to his expressed wish, under- 
 neath the old Renatus Harris and Snetzler 
 organ, in St. Nicholas' Church. His works 
 include Two Concertos in B flat, and F ; Six 
 Conver.sation Sonatas for the harpsichord or 
 pianoforte, with accompaniment for two vio- 
 lins and violoncello [1785] ; An Ode on the 
 King of Prussia, and six songs. First Sett of 
 six sonatas spirituale or voluntarys, for the 
 harpsichord, organ, or pf., op. 4. The opening 
 of an organ, a choice set of voluntaries. The 
 concerto in B flat is still played at organ 
 recitals, and his hymn tune, Beverley (CM.), 
 has been in use at Newcastle ever since his 
 time. He composed "Fancy," a song, and 
 other vocal music. 
 
 Haweis, Rev. Hugh Reginald, amateur 
 violinist, and writer on music, born at Egham, 
 Surrey, April 8, 1838. Educated at Cam- 
 bridge, graduating B.A., 1859 ; M.A., 1864. 
 Incumbent of St. James's, Marylebone, 1866. 
 Editor of CasseU's Family Magazine, 1868. 
 Has lectured on musical topics at the London 
 Institution, and in man)' provincial towns ; 
 and iu 1885 lectured in America. His contri- 
 butions to various periodicals have been 
 numerous; and he is the author of two volumes 
 on music : ]\Iusic and Morals, London (W. H. 
 Allen), 1873 ; and My Musical Life, London, 
 W. H. Allen, 1884. The first of these has 
 reached its 16th edition. 
 
 Hawes, William, composer and writer, 
 born at London, June 21, 1785. Chorister in 
 Chapel Royal, 1793-1801. Violinist in Covent 
 Garden orchestra, 1802. Deputy Lay-vicar, 
 Westminster, 1802 ; afterwards full vicar, a 
 post which he held till 1820. Gentleman of 
 Chapel Royal, 1805. Master of Choristers, 
 Almoner, and Vicar Choral, St. Paul's Cathe- 
 dral, 1812. Associate Philharmonic Society, 
 1813. Master of Children of Chapel Royal, 
 1817. Lay-vicar, Westminster Abbey, 1817-20. 
 Established Harmonic Institution in the 
 Argyle Rooms, Strand, where Hawes was a 
 music-publisher for a time. Music director, 
 English opera, Lyceum, 1824-36. Produced 
 Weber's "Der Freyschiitz," July 24, 1824. 
 He died at London, February 18, 1846. 
 Buried in Kensal Green Cemetery. Member 
 of Glee Club. Conductor of Madrigal Society, 
 etc. 
 
 Works. — Music for Plays: Broken Promises, 
 1825 ; The Sister of Charity, 1829 ; The Irish 
 
190 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HAWKER. 
 
 Girl, 1830 ; Comfortable Lodgings, 1832 ; The 
 Dilsk gatherer, 1832 ; The climbing boy, 1832 ; 
 The Mummy, 1833; The Quartette, 1833; 
 Yeoman's Daughter, 1833 ; Convent Belles 
 (with J. A. Wade), 1833; The Muleteer's Vow, 
 1835. Collection of five glees and a madrigal 
 [1814] ; Six glees for 3 and 4 voices [1815] ; 
 Six Scotch airs harmonized as glees [1817] ; 
 Prize glees. Adaptations of operas by Paer, 
 Salieri, Winter, Mozart, Ries, Marschner, etc. 
 So7igs : The Beacon ; Father William, etc. 
 Edited an edition of " The Triumphs of 
 Oriana." Chants, sanctuses, and responses 
 to the commandments, as used at St. Paul's 
 Cathedral and Westminster Abbey. Selected 
 from ancient and modern composers, London, 
 1830, 12 pts. Anthems, and other sacred 
 music, as used at His Majesty's Chapel Royal, 
 and the various Cathedrals throughout the 
 kiiigdona, selected from ancient and modern 
 composers, London. A collection of Spofforth's 
 glees, and a Collection of madrigals for 3, 4, 5 
 and 6 voices, from the works of the most 
 eminent composers of the 16th and 17th 
 centuries, carefully extracted from the original 
 works as preserved in the IMadrigal Society. 
 Service in G minor (MS.). Croft's services 
 and anthems, 1840. Psalm and hymn tunes . . 
 harmonised for 3 voices, edited by J. W. Hall, 
 London [1836]. 
 
 His daughter, Maria Billington Hawes, 
 contralto vocalist, was born at London, April, 
 1816. She studied under her father, and 
 others, and sang at the Birmingham Festival 
 of 1846. She corresponded with ]\Iendelssohn. 
 Married to Mr. J. D. Merest. Died at Ryde, 
 Isle-of-Wight, April 24, 1886. She composed 
 a large number of ballads. 
 
 Hawker, Peter, musician, Lieut-colonel 
 in the army, and a well-known writer on 
 sport, etc. He died in 1853. Author of 
 " Instructions to young performers for acquir- 
 ing, by means of patent hand moulds, the 
 best position for strength and articulation 
 on the Pianoforte," 1840, 3 editions. 
 
 Hawker, Thomas Henry, musician, 
 issued "Collection of Psalm and Hymn tunes, 
 chants, etc., as sung at All Saints' Church, 
 St. John's Wood, London [1854] . 
 
 Hawker, William, musician, issued 
 " Harmonia Sacra Familise, containing psalms, 
 hymns, etc.," London, 1841. 2nd ed., Exeter 
 [1845] . 
 
 Hawkes, R. W., musician, compiler of 
 " The Worcester Tune book . . ," London, 
 1865. 
 
 Hawkes, Thomas, land surveyor and 
 musician, born at Wiveliscombe, Somerset, 
 November 3, 1786; died at Williton, Somer- 
 set, July 9, 1857. Author of " An Introduc- 
 tion to divine service, Watchet, 1831 ; and 
 compiler of " Hawkes's Psalmody, a collec- 
 tion of tunes comprising the most approved 
 
 HAWKINS. 
 
 standard, with a great variety of original 
 compositions adapted to the hymns in use by 
 tile Wesleyan Methodist Societies," Watchet, 
 Whitehouse, 1833. The original tunes were 
 chiefly composed by local amateurs of Somer- 
 set and Wiltshire. 
 
 Hawkes, William, musician, author of 
 " The Theory of Music simplified, and the 
 principle of the temperament applied to the 
 tuning of keyed instruments explained ; also 
 the best method of Tuning," Liondon, 1805. 
 " A specific statement and view of the im- 
 proved musical scale for organs and piano- 
 fortes," London, 1810. 
 
 Hawkins, James, composer and organist, 
 born in latter part of the 17th century. Chor- 
 ister, St. John's College, Cambridge. Organist 
 of Ely Cathedral, 1682-1729. Mus. Bac, 
 Cantab., 1719, He died at Ely in 1729. 
 Composer of Services, Anthems, collection of 
 Scotch songs. " As northern winds, song," 
 etc. His son, John, was organist of Peter- 
 borough Cathedi-.'l. 1714-1759, and composed 
 a number of Aiitliems, preserved in Tudway's 
 collection, etc. 
 
 Another John Hawkins issued a " New 
 Set of Psalm and Hymn Tuues," London 
 [1810]. 
 
 Hawkins, Sir John, Kt., writer and 
 lawyer, born at London, March 30, 1719. 
 Became an Attorney. Member of Madrigal 
 Society, and of Academy of Antient Music. 
 Married Miss S. Storace, 1753. Retired to 
 Twickenham. Chairman of Middlesex Quarter 
 Sessions. Knighted, 1772. He died at Spa, 
 May 14, 1789. 
 
 Works. — Twelve Cantatas (words?), 1742-48, 
 music by J. Stanley. An account of the 
 institution and progress of the Academy of 
 Antient Music, 1770. A General history of 
 the Science and Practice of Music, London, 
 5 vols., 1776 (with portraits) ; new edition, 
 Novello, 1853. Edition of Walton and Cot- 
 ton's " Compleat Angler." 1760. 
 
 Hawkins was much esteemed in his day, 
 and was one of Dr. Johnson's literary 
 executors. He did much by the publication 
 of his "History" to enlighten the English 
 musical public on the past state of the art, 
 and though its \alue is less owing to the lapse 
 of time, it is still a standard text-book to the 
 history of music. Its merits, and superiority 
 in some respects over the history of Burney, 
 lie in its acknowledged greater accuracy and 
 plainness of detail. Its merits in this respect 
 are indeed great, for, despite some few blem- 
 ishes in the matter of mis-stated facts, it is a 
 remarkably erudite and straightforward pro- 
 duction. Hawkins was buried in Westminster 
 Abbey. His daughter, L.^etitia Matilda 
 (1758, November 22, 1835), was a novelist, 
 and biographical writer, and his son, John 
 Sidney, wrote among other works "An inquiry 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 191 
 
 HAY. 
 
 into the nature and principles of thorough- 
 bass on a new plan," London [1818] . 
 
 Hay, Walter Cecil, organist, composer, 
 and conductor, born at Shrewsbury, August 
 7, 1828. Studied, R.A.M. Has been band- 
 master in the army, militia, yeomanry, and 
 volunteers. F. R.A.M. Organist and professor 
 of music at Shrewsbury School ; Conductor 
 of New Choral Society, 1865, and of Shrews- 
 bury Orchestral Society. Author of Prize 
 Ode to the Victor in the Wenlock Olympian 
 Games (1857). "The Valley of St. "John," 
 cantata (from the Bridal of Triermain, 1863) ; 
 "May," cantata, Shrewsbury, 1866: " Ethel- 
 dred," operetta, 1887 ; and incidental music 
 to "Phyllis," a pastoral play, by J. P. Douglas, 
 1887. 
 
 Hayden, George, organist and composer 
 of first half of the 18th century. He was 
 organist of St. Mary Magdalen, Bermondsey, 
 London. Composer of Harlequin Director, 
 cantata [1723] ; three cantatas [1723] . Songs: 
 Careless Companion ; Mad Tom ; Welcome 
 Damon. As I saw fair Chloe, and other two- 
 part songs. Plumstead's " Beauty's of Mel- 
 ody," 1827, contains some of Hayden's songs. 
 
 Haydock, Frederick W., organist and 
 composer. Studied under Dr. Horton Allison 
 and privately. Graduated Mus. Bac. 1880, 
 Mus. Doc. 1891, Dublin. Was sometime 
 organist of St. Gabriel's, Manchester ; and 
 since 1880, of Union Chapel in that city. 
 His compositions are two cantatas, " mag- 
 nify the Lord," and " Lazarus," for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra. Some songs, etc., of 
 his have been published. 
 
 Haydon, Thomas, organist and musician, 
 born in London, in 1787. He studied under 
 C. Neate and Crotch, and became organist 
 and Professor of Pianoforte at R.A.M. He 
 died about 1845. He composed songs, and 
 many romances, waltzes, and quadrilles for 
 pianoforte. 
 
 Hayes, Catherine, soprano vocalist, born 
 at Limerick, Oct. 25, 1825. She studied singing 
 under Sapio and Garcia, and at Milan under 
 Ronconi. Debut at IMarseilles in " I Puritani," 
 1845, and afterwards sang in Vienna (1846), 
 Venice, and elsewhere in Italy. Appeared in 
 London, Covent Garden Theatre, April 10, 1849. 
 Sang in Ireland, America (1851), India, Aus- 
 tralia, etc. Married to Wm. Avery Bushnell of 
 New York, October 8, 1857. She died at Syden- 
 ham, London, August 11, 1861. 
 
 Miss Hayes was a singer of remarkable 
 powers, and in her day was a most popular 
 and favourite vocalist. Her chief power lay 
 in the rendering of ballads. Her biography 
 was issued under the title of " Memoir of 
 Miss Catherine Hayes, the ' Swan of Erin.' " 
 4:to, n.d., with portrait. 
 
 Hayes, William, organist and composer, 
 born at Hanbury, Worcestershire, in Decem- 
 
 HAYNE. 
 
 her, 1706. Chorister Gloucester Cathedral, 
 under W. Hine. Organist of St. Mary's 
 Church, Shrewsbury, 1729-31 ; of Worcester 
 Cathedral, 1731-34 ; Magdalen College, Ox- 
 ford, 1734-77. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1735. Pro- 
 fessor of Music, Oxford University, 1741. Doc. 
 Mus., Oxon., 1749. He conducted the Glou- 
 cester Musical Festival in 1763. Died at 
 Oxford, July 27, 1777. 
 
 Works. — Collins' ode to the Passions, and 
 other odes. Twelve ariettas or ballads, and 
 two catches, 1735. Services and anthems. 
 Circe, masque. Glees, catches, etc., first set, 
 1757 ; second set and supplement, 1763-65. 
 Cathedral Music, in score, edited by Philip 
 Hayes, 1795. Instrumental music. Remarks 
 on Mr. Avison's essay on musical expression, 
 London, 1753. Anecdotes of the five music 
 meetings, etc. Sixteen Psalms from Merrick's 
 new version, set to music for the use of 
 Magdelen College Chapel, Oxford . . . , n.d. 
 
 Hayes, William, clergyman and writer, 
 third son of the above, born at Oxford, 1742. 
 Chorister Magdalen College, 1749-51. B.A., 
 1761; M.A., 1764. Minor Canon, Worcester 
 Cathedral, 1765. Do. St. Paul's, London, 
 1766. Vicar of Tillingham, Essex. He died 
 on Oct. 22, 1790. He wrote a paper entitled, 
 " Rules necessary to be observed by all Cathe- 
 dral singers in the Kingdom," in Gentleman's 
 Magazine, 1765. Sermons, hymn tunes, and 
 other works. 
 
 Hayes, Philip, organist and composer, 
 was born at Oxford, 1738. Second son of 
 William Hayes, under whom he studied. 
 Mus. Bac, Oxon., May, 1763. Gentleman 
 of the Chapel Royal, 1767. Organist of New 
 College, Oxford, 1776 ; IMagdalen College, 
 Oxford, and Professor of Music in the Uni- 
 versity, 1777. Mus. Doc, Oxon., 1777. Or- 
 ganist of St. John's College, 1790. He died 
 at London, March 19, 1797. 
 
 Works. — Prophecy, oratorio, 1781 ; Ode for 
 St. Cecilia's Day ; Ode, Begin the song ; 
 Telemachus, a Masque. Anthems, services, 
 psalms, glees, and songs. Harmonia Wic- 
 camica, London [1780] . Six concertos for 
 organ, harpsichord or pianoforte, 1769. Eight 
 anthems, Oxford [1780]. 
 
 Hayne, Rev. Leighton George, clergy- 
 man and composer, was born at St. David's 
 Hall, Exeter, February 28, 1836. He was 
 educated at Eton and Oxford. In 1856 he 
 graduated Mus. Bac, and in 1860 proceeded 
 to Doc. Mus., Oxford. In 1857 he was ap- 
 pointed organist, and in 1860 precentor, of 
 Queen's College, Oxford. He was ordained 
 in 1861. In 1863 he was made coryphaeus or 
 precentor of Oxford University ; and he held 
 the livings of Helston, 1866, and Mistley-with- 
 Bradfield in 1871. He became succentor of 
 Eton College in 1867, and held it till 1871. 
 He died at Bradfield, in Essex, March 3, 1883. 
 
 i 
 
192 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HAYNES. 
 
 He edited, with the Rev. H. W. Sargeant, 
 " The Meiton Tune Book," 1863, and com- 
 posed the following well-known hymn tunes : 
 " Compline," " Hayne," " Mistley," " St. 
 Cecilia," " St. Margaret," " Chalvey," etc. 
 While at Eton he had a huge organ of five 
 manuals built in the music-room ; it was 
 ultimately divided between the organs of 
 Bradfield and Mistley. 
 
 Haynes, Walter Battison, organist, 
 pianist, and composer, born at Kempsey, 
 Worcester, in 1859. Studied at Leipzig 
 Conservatorium, where some of his composi- 
 tions (movements from a symphony, and 
 songs), were performed in 1882. He was 
 appointed organist of St. Philip's, Sydenham, 
 in 1884 ; and in 1891 succeeded H. F. Frost 
 at the Chapel Royal, Savoy. In 1890 he was 
 appointed professor of harmony and compo- 
 sition at the R.A.M. ; and he is an Associate 
 of the Philharmonic Society. For the Handel 
 Festival of 1891 he wrote additional accom- 
 paniments to Handel's Chandos anthem, 
 " come, let us sing." His compositions 
 include two cantatas for female voices : The 
 Fairies' Isle, and A Sea Dream ; Three settings 
 of the Magnificat and Nunc dimittis ; A Com- 
 munion Service, etc. Songs and duets. An 
 Idyl for violin and orchestra ; Prelude and 
 Fugues for two pianos ; Sonata in D minor, 
 and other pieces for organ. 
 
 His uncle, William Haynes, born at Wor- 
 cester, September 19, 1829, was an articled 
 pupil of Mr. W. Done, and in 1850 was 
 appointed organist of Malvern Priory Church, 
 a post he held for 43 years. He has composed 
 church music, songs, and organ pieces. In 
 1858 he established a music business in Mal- 
 vern. His wife, born Elizabeth Broad, a 
 soprano, frequently sang in public under the 
 name of MUe. Bretet. She was educated at 
 the R.A.IM., and the Conservatoire, Paris. 
 
 Hayter, Aaron Upjohn, organist and 
 composer, born at Gillingham, Dorset, Decem- 
 ber 16, 1799. His father, Samuel Hayter, 
 was organist at Mere, Wilts., and composer of 
 services, antliems, etc. In 1805 Hayter 
 became a chorister at Salisbury Cathedral, 
 under Corfe. Afterwards he was organist at 
 Hereford Cathedral, but in 1835 he went to 
 New York as organist of Grace Church. He 
 removed to Boston, Mass., as organist of the 
 Trinity Church Society ; and in 1839 was 
 elected organist and conductor of the Handel 
 and Haydn Society, a position he held till 
 1848. He died at Boston, July 28, 1873. 
 Hayter introduced many oratorios and can- 
 tatas to the Boston public which had never 
 been heard in America. He was succeeded 
 by his son, George F. Hayter, as conductor 
 of the Handel and Haydn Society. Another 
 son, Arthur Upjohn Hayter, is organist of 
 St. Mary's Church, Stratford-le-Bow. 
 
 HEALE. 
 
 Hay ward, Henry, violinist and composer, 
 born at Broseley, Salop, in 1814. Received 
 his first lessons from his father, and played a 
 solo in public when five years old. His studies 
 were continued under Spagnoletti, and his 
 executive powers were so extraordinary that 
 he became known as the English Paganini. 
 After some years passed in the I\Iidlands, he 
 made his debut in London, at one of IMr. Car- 
 ter's Soirees at the Hanover Square Rooms, 
 June 19, 1839. He appeared at the Philhar- 
 monic Concerts, March 23, 1840, playing his 
 introduction and Polonaise. About this time 
 he settled in Wolverhampton, where he estab- 
 lished musical societies, and a music business. 
 As an orchestral player he was for many years 
 engaged at the principal festivals, and was 
 much associated with music in Birmingham. 
 His compositions were numerous, but remained 
 mostly in MS. For some years he was in poor 
 health, and died at Wolverhampton, Novem- 
 ber 12, 1884. 
 
 Head, F. A., musician, compiler of 
 " Choral Psalmody, a collection of tunes to be 
 sung in 3 parts, without instruments, by all 
 village choirs, with simple rudiments and 
 instructions for teaching music on a short and 
 easy x^l^n," London [1840]. 
 
 Heale, Helene, pianist and composer, 
 born in London, February 14, 1855. Educated 
 at Queen's College, Harley Street, obtaining 
 the IMaurice Scholarship. Studied music 
 under John Hullah. In 1876 she obtained a 
 Scholarship at the National Training School, 
 and the next year won one of the four Royal 
 Scholarships there, which she held until 1881. 
 Her teachers were Ernest Pauer, J. F. Bar- 
 nett, E. Prout, and (Sir) A. Sullivan. In 
 1880 she played before the Queen at Windsor 
 Castle. Resident in London as teacher and 
 composer. 
 
 Works. — IMadrigal, Mourn, oh rejoicing 
 heart. Madrigal Society's Prize, 1882; The 
 Watersprites, cantata for female voices, 1885 ; 
 Jubilee ode, chorus and orchestra. 1887 ; 
 Epithalamion (from Edmund Spenser), tenor 
 solo, chorus and orchestra, 1893. Part-songs 
 for female voices ; three-part songs ; twelve 
 two-part songs ; twenty-four rounds for female 
 voices ; eight Christmas carols ; Love wakes 
 and weeps ; Cradle song ; Lament, and other 
 songs. Six characteristic pieces, pf. duet ; 
 Polacca, three violins and pf., etc. Compiler 
 of Class Singing School, 4 books ; editor and 
 arranger of songs for female voices ; songs for 
 the young, etc. 
 
 Her sister, Alice Heale, contralto vocalist, 
 was born in London, December 15, 1861. 
 Educated at the Queen's College, and holder 
 of the Queen's Scholarship for five years. 
 Studied under J. Hullah. Lady Freake 
 Scholar at the National Training School, 
 where she studied under J. B. Welch, and 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 193 
 
 HEAP. 
 
 with him later at the Guildhall School. She 
 made her debut at the Crystal Palace, May 
 9, 1885 ; sang at the Glasgow Choral Union, 
 and other concerts, and before the Queen at 
 Windsor, 1886. After further study under 
 Mr. W. Shakespeare, she has devoted herself 
 entirely to teaching voice production and 
 singing. 
 
 Heap, Charles Swinnerton, composer, 
 organist, pianist and conductor, born at Bir- 
 mingham, April 10, 1847. Sang in public as 
 a child, and in 1858 was admitted to the 
 choir of the Birmingham Festival as a soprano. 
 Received lessons from Mr. Walter Brooks 
 (g.u.), and acted as organist at Queen's Col- 
 lege, during his educational course at King 
 Edward's Grammar School. He was articled 
 to Dr. Monk, of York Minster, and in 1865, 
 competed for, and won, the Mendelssohn 
 Scholarship. Proceeding to Leipzig he studied 
 under Moscheles, Hauptmann, E. F. Richter, 
 Reinecke, and others. There he produced 
 several compositions, and occasionally depu- 
 tised for Reinecke as accompanist at the 
 Gewandhaus concerts. In 1867, he returned 
 to Birmingham, and by arrangement with the 
 Scholarship Committee placed himself under 
 W. T. Best, for further study of the organ. 
 He graduated Mus. Bac, 1871 ; Mus. Doc, 
 1872, Cambridge. In 1870, the Birmingham 
 Philhai'monic Union was founded, and Dr. 
 Heap appointed conductor, an office he held 
 until 1886, when the society was dissolved. 
 Excellent cheap oratorio concerts were given. 
 At various times he has been conductor of 
 societies at Stone, Stafford, Walsall, and 
 Stoke. In 1881, he succeeded Mr. Stockley 
 as conductor of the Wolverhampton Festival 
 Choral Society, and conducted the Festivals 
 in that town "in 188.3, and 1886. When the 
 North Staffordshire Festival was established 
 at Hanley, in 1888, he was appointed con- 
 ductor, an office he has held since that time. 
 In 1895 he was elected conductor of the 
 Birmingham Festival Choral Society, and in 
 1897, appointed chorus-master for the Bir- 
 mingham Musical Festival. He has given 
 chamber concerts in Birmingham, 1871-3, 
 and 1881-6 ; given pianoforte and organ re- 
 citals in many places ; whilst as a teacher his 
 work and influence have been wide-spread. 
 From 1869 to 1878 he held organ appoint- 
 ments in Birmingham and Wolverhampton. 
 Was appointed examiner for jMusical Degrees, 
 Cambridge, 1884. He has received many 
 tokens of appreciation of his work, the highest 
 compliment paid him being the selection of 
 his cantata, "The Maid of Astolat," for 
 performance, under his direction, on the 
 occasion of the visit of the Prince of Wales 
 to Hanley, January 7, 1897. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 3; Oratorio, The captivity, 
 both in MS. Cantatas : The Voice of Spring 
 
 HEIGHINGTON. 
 
 (Hemans), chorus and orchestra, performed 
 by the Liverpool Philharmonic Society, 1882 ; 
 The Maid of Astolat, produced at the Wolver- 
 hampton Festival, 1886 ; Fair Rosamund, 
 produced at Hanley Festival, 1890 (both 
 librettos by the late D. L. Ryan). Benedictus, 
 for soprano solo, chorus and orchestra ; an- 
 thems, songs and part-songs, etc. Two concert 
 overtures for orchestra, one, in F, composed 
 for, and produced at the Birmingham Festival, 
 1879 ; Quintet, pf., and wind, 1882 ; Trio, pf. 
 and strings ; Sonatas, for pf. and clarinet, 
 1879 ; pf. and violin ; and pf . solo. Pf. pieces, 
 various ; Organ music, etc. 
 
 Heather, or Heyther, William, musi- 
 cian, was born at Harmondswortli, Middlesex, 
 in 1584. Lay-vicar, Westminster Abbey. 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 1615. Doc. 
 Mus., Oxon., 1622. He founded a music 
 lecture at Oxford in 1626. Died, July, 1627, 
 and is buried in Westminster Abbey. Chiefly 
 famous as the founder of the music lecture- 
 ship at Oxford, which ultimately became the 
 present professorship. 
 
 Heather, William Edward, composer 
 and pianist, born in 1784, son of Stephen 
 Heather (choirmaster at Eton College ; born 
 1748, died at Windsor Castle, November 14, 
 1831). He died after 18.30. Composer of 
 National airs as trios, with variations for 
 harp, pf. and flute [1820] ; Selection of Ger- 
 man Hebrew melodies . . . poetry bj' J. Hogg, 
 London [1816] ; Serenade for pf. and flute. 
 Songs : Brignall banks ; Cypress wreath ; 
 Hygeia, and many others, by Sir Walter 
 Scott, and others. Author of a " Treatise on 
 Pianoforte Study," London [1820] . 
 
 Hedgcock, Walter William, organist 
 and composer, born at Brighton, January 15, 
 1864. Studied the organ and composition 
 under Dr. Alfred King, and was assistant 
 organist to him at St. Michael's, Brighton, in 
 1876. Afterwards he was appointed organist 
 of Patcham Church, near Brighton, and, in 
 1879, went to London as organist of St. Agnes', 
 Kennington Park, taking, later on, also the 
 duty of choirmaster. He was now very busy 
 with concert work, and acting as accompanist. 
 In 1894 he succeeded Alfred J. Eyre as organ- 
 ist of the Crystal Palace, Sydendam, and in a 
 little over a month after his appointment had 
 the onerous duties of organist at the Handel 
 Festival, which were successfully carried out. 
 He has been solo organist at the Crystal Palace 
 Saturday Concerts. Of his compositions 
 a Suite de Ballet, for orchestra, was performed 
 at the Crystal Palace, May 16, 1892. He has, 
 besides, written a number of songs, of which 
 " When bright eyes shine," and others, have 
 become popular; also some pieces for pf. 
 
 Heighington, Musgrave, composer and 
 organist, born in 1680. He was an organist 
 at Yarmouth, 1738, and Leicester, 1739. For 
 
194 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HELE. 
 
 some time he resided at Dublin. He was a 
 Doc. Mus., but it is not known at which 
 university he graduated. He died at Dundee 
 in 1774. 
 
 Works. — Ode for the Spalding Gentlemen's 
 Society ; The Enchantress, or Harlequin 
 Merlin. Six select odes of Anacreon in Greek, 
 and six of Horace in Latin, London [1760] . 
 Songs : When I survey that matchless face ; 
 Song upon a lady being drowned taking 
 pleasure on the sea with her lover, etc. 
 Tunes in Alcock's " Harmony of Jerusalem," 
 etc. 
 
 Hele, John, organist. Student, and asso- 
 ciate, R.A.M. Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1871. Li 
 1860 he was organist of Pennycross Church, 
 Plymouth ; and has since held appointments 
 there, and at Devonport, Christ Church, 1863 ; 
 St. Mary's, 1864; St. Peter's, 1872; Compton 
 Gifiord, 1894. He was organist at I\Iorden, 
 Surrey, 1865-7 ; and of Bodmin Parish Church, 
 1868-72. He is conductor of the Plymouth 
 Choral and Orchestral Association, Vocal 
 Association, and other societies. In 188-3 he 
 was appointed borough organist, Plymouth, 
 and he gave his 2000th recital in that town in 
 October, 1896. He has published some church 
 and organ music. 
 
 Helmore, Frederick, writer on " Church 
 Choirs," London; and on "Speakers, Singers, 
 and Stammerers," London, 1874. 
 
 Helmore, Rev. Thomas, writer and 
 composer, born at Kidderminster, May 7, 1811. 
 Educated at Oxford. Curate of S. Michael's, 
 Lichfield, 1840. Priest-vicar, Lichfield Cathe- 
 dral. Precentor of S.Mark's College, Chelsea, 
 1842. Master of Choristers, and Priest in 
 ordinary, Chapel Royal, 1846. Died at Lon- 
 don, July 6, 1890. 
 
 Works. — Manual of Plain Song, 1850 (other 
 editions, enlarged); Primer of Plain Song 
 (Novello's Music Primers); The St. Mark's 
 Chant Book, 2 parts ; A Hymnal Noted, or 
 Ti'anslations of the Ancient Hymns of the 
 Church, set to their proper melodies ; Fuller 
 Directorjr of the Plain Song of Holy Commu- 
 nion ; Harmonies to Psalter, Canticles, etc. ; 
 Accompanying Harmonies to the Hymnal 
 Noted.. 1852; Catechism of Music, '1867; 
 Papers on Church Music read at the Church 
 Congress at Wolverhampton, 1867 ; Swansea, 
 1879 ; and London, 1868 and 1880. Christ- 
 mas carols, hymns, etc. Trans, of " Treatise 
 on Choir and Chorus Singing," F. J. Fetis. 
 
 Hempel, Charles Frederick, organist 
 and composer, born at Truro, September 7, 
 1811. Son of C. W. Hempel (1777-1855), who 
 was organist of St. Mary's Church, Truro, 
 under whom he studied. He succeeded his 
 father as organist of St. Mary's in 1844, and 
 in 1857 he was appointed organist of St. John's 
 Episcopal Church, Perth, where he died, on 
 April 25, 1867. He was Mus. Bac, 1855, and 
 
 HENDERSON. 
 
 Mus. Doc, Oxon., 1862. He composed " The 
 Seventh Seal," oratorio, 1862 (Degree exercise); 
 Songs, and pianoforte music. 
 
 Hempson, Dennis A., or Denys a 
 Hampsy, Irish harp-player and composer, 
 born in 1695 ; died November, 1807. Sup- 
 posed to have been a skilful performer, and 
 said to have composed some of the fine 
 national airs of Ireland. He played at the 
 Belfast Meeting of harpers in 1792. His 
 harp, dated 1707, was preserved in the col- 
 lection of the Rev. Sir H. Harvey Bruce, at 
 his mansion at Downhill. 
 
 Hemsley, John, organist and composer, 
 born at Arnold, Notts., in 1838. Chorister, 
 Lichfield Cathedral. Organist, Merivale, 
 Warwick, 1857. Lay-clerk, Ely Cathedral, 
 1860. Stipendiary Choirman, Christ Church 
 and St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, 1864. 
 Composed anthems, songs, etc. 
 
 liemstock, Arthur, organist and writer, 
 born at Bingham, Notts., 1845. Author of 
 " On Tuning the Orgrin," London [1876] ; 
 and composer of church music, organ and pf. 
 music, and a setting of Psalm 145 [1885] . 
 He is organist at Diss, Norfolk. 
 
 Hemy, Henri Frederick, composer and 
 organist, was born of German parents at 
 Newcastle-on-Tyne, November 12, 1818. He 
 was organist of St. Andrew's R. C. Church 
 at Newcastle, and latterly a professor of 
 Music at Tynemouth, and of singing and 
 pianoforte at St. Cuthbert's College, Ushaw, 
 Durham. Compiler of " Crown of Jesus 
 Music," in four parts, 1864, etc. Best known 
 by his " Royal Modern Tutor for the Piano- 
 forte," 1858, which has gone through numerous 
 large editions. His son, C. Napier Hemy, is 
 a well-known marine painter. 
 
 Henderson, A. Q., author of "Philosophy 
 of Music," 1856. (Appears also in Manchester 
 Papers, a Series of Occasional Essays, v. 1, 
 1856.) 
 
 Henderson, Rev. Andrew, clergyman 
 and musician, born at Kirkwall, Orkney, 
 January 4, 1825. He was educated at St. 
 Andrews, and ordained minister of Colding- 
 hain, 1847, and of Abbey Close, U. P. Church, 
 Paisley, 1855. He was secretary to the 
 Hymnal Committee of the United Presby- 
 terian Church. He edited " Church Melodies," 
 1858, 1860, and 1862 ; " The New Scottish 
 Psalter," 1870, in which several of his own 
 tunes appear. 
 
 Henderson, J. Dalgety, tenor vocalist, 
 born at Montrose, Forfarshire, December 23, 
 1856. Brought up to a business career, he is 
 now a well-known paper agent in London ; 
 but coming of a musical family, he inherited 
 the gift, and studied singing at the Guildhall 
 School of Music, under Mr. Richard Latter. 
 His fine voice soon gained him notice, and he 
 has sung with success in most parts of the 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 195 
 
 HENLEY. 
 
 United Kingdom. He appeared at the Mon- 
 day Popular Concerts in January, 1883 ; at 
 the Crystal Palace in ^lay, 1885, and has 
 gained an honourable position among the 
 vocalists of the time. 
 
 Henley, Rev. Phocion, clergyman and 
 composer, born at Wootton Abbots, Wilts, 
 1728. Rector of St. Andrew's Wardrobe, 
 with St. Anne, Blackfriars, 1759. He died 
 at London, August 29, 1764. He composed 
 "The Cure of Saul;" "Hear my prayer," 
 and other anthems, hymns, and chants. 
 " Divine Harmony : being a collection of 
 Psalm and hymn tunes in score," 1798, two 
 vols., compiled in association with Thomas 
 Sharp. 
 
 Henniker, Henry Faulkner, organist 
 and composer, born at Cliatham, in 1839. 
 Entered the R.A.M., and studied under Stern- 
 dale Bennett, Sainton, Mud others. A.R.A.M. ; 
 Mus. Doc, Cantuar, 1889. Since 1864, he 
 has been organist of Holy Trinity Church, 
 Maidstone. He is conductor of a Choral 
 Society there. His compositions include an 
 oratorio, " St. Stephen ;" several operas ; 
 ■" Who will come with me ?" and other songs ; 
 choruses for use in public schools. A Manual 
 for the violin, etc. 
 
 Henry, Chaplin, otherwise Henry Chas. 
 Stroud, bass vocalist, was born in 1826. He 
 was originally a bookseller, but became prin- 
 cipal bass at the Foundling Chapel. He died 
 January 12, 1888. His daughter, Elizabeth 
 (or Bessie Stroud) was also a vocalist. She 
 married ]\Ir. Montem Smith. 
 
 Henry, John, composer, born in North 
 Wales, has published a cantata, " Olga," for 
 soli, chorus, and orchestra, produced, Liver- 
 pool, February 9, 1893. He has also com- 
 posed a number of songs. 
 
 Henry, John Harold, violinist and com- 
 poser, born at Lichfield, August 5, 1870. 
 Appeared at concerts when thirteen, and 
 later, entered the R.A.M., studying under A. 
 Burnett and Prosper Sainton. Shortly after 
 leaving the R.A.M., he went to Leijozig for 
 further study under Hans Sitt. On his 
 return to England he renewed his concert 
 engagements, and in 1892 settled in Derby. 
 There he established an Orchestral Society, 
 and has given some excellent concerts. He 
 has published Scales and arpeggios for the 
 violin ; Wiegenlied ; Cavatina ; Six Feuillets 
 d' album, for violin and pf., etc. 
 
 Henry, P. C, author of " Universal Sing- 
 ing Preceptor : exercises for the formation of 
 the Voice, the production of a good tone," 
 etc., n.d. 
 
 Henry VIII., King of England, born at 
 Oreenwich, 1491 ; died at Westminster, 1547. 
 He is accredited with the composition of the 
 anthem, " Lord, the maker of all things," 
 and a Latin motet. He was a patron of 
 
 HERBERT. 
 
 music and the fine arts generally, and is fre- 
 quently mentioned as having been a musician 
 of some skill. 
 Henshaw, Grace Mary Williams, 
 
 pianist. Studied at the R.A.INL, and was the 
 first to obtain the Liszt Scholarship, 1887. 
 Studied at Berlin, with extension of the 
 scholarship, and made her debxit there in 1890, 
 as a jJupil of Klindworth. Returned to Lon- 
 don in 1892, and is established there as a 
 concert-giver and teacher. She is an Asso- 
 ciate of the R.A.M. 
 
 Henshaw, Thomas W., organist and 
 composer, born in 1780. Entered the Chapel 
 Royal, St. James's, when eight, and after- 
 wards acted as assistant organist there. 
 Organist of St. Pancras Church, London ; 
 resigned in 1864. He died at London, Octo- 
 ber 17, 1868, accidentally burnt to death. 
 He compiled " A Selection of the most 
 approved Psalm and Hymn Tunes adapted to 
 the Manual of Parochial Psalmody of the Rev. 
 T. H. Home. ." London [1829], also [1843]. 
 
 His brother, William Henshaw (born 1791, 
 died September 30, 1877), was organist of 
 Durham Cathedral from 1811 to 1862, and 
 brought the choir to a high state of efficiency, 
 which made it celebrated throughout Britain. 
 He was a Mus. Doc. (Durham ?). 
 
 Henslowe, Rev. W. H., author of "The 
 Phonarthron, orNatural System of the Sounds 
 of Speech, including the Phonodiou or Ele- 
 ments of Music," n.d. 
 
 Henstridge, Daniel, organist and com- 
 poser of 17th and ISth centuries, was organist 
 of Canterbury Cathedral from 1700 to 1730. 
 He composed anthems and other church 
 music. He died at Canterbury in 1736. 
 
 Hepworth, George, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Almondbury, Yorkshire. 
 Studied at Hamburg, and was appointed 
 organist of the Parish Church of Mecklenburg, 
 and later, to the Cathedral at Schwerin. He 
 has composed a Sinfonia in G minor (pub- 
 lished in the Organists' Quarterly Journal) ; 
 a Concertstiick for 4 hands, performed at 
 Chemnitz, 1884 ; a Fantasia, and other pieces 
 for organ. 
 
 Herbert, Edward, organist, composer and 
 author, born in 1830. He was organist at 
 Perth, and of Sherborne Abbey Church, and 
 Wimborne Minster. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1862. He died at Wimborne in 1872. 
 Author of a " Manual of the Rudiments of 
 Music," and composer of anthems, etc. 
 
 Herbert, Victor, violoncellist of the 
 present day, born in Ireland (?), about 1858. 
 Grandson of Samuel Lover. Lived for some 
 years in Vienna, where his Suite for violon- 
 cello was produced in 1885. He married 
 Fraulein Forster, soprano, of the Dresden 
 Court Theatre, and with her went to the 
 United States in 1886. 
 
196 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 HERON. 
 
 Heron, Henry, musician and organist. 
 He was organist at Ewell. Author of " Par- 
 ochial music corrected : plain and distinct 
 rules for the niore pleasing and correct per- 
 formance of Psahnody, to which is added an 
 easy introduction to singing," London, 1790. 
 Composer of songs and hallads sung at Rane- 
 lagh Gardens [1765] ; ten voluntaries for the 
 organ or harpsichord [1770] , etc. 
 
 Heron=Anen, see Allen, E. Heron. 
 
 Hersee, Rose, soprano vocalist, born in 
 London. Received her first instruction from 
 her father, and studied later with Garcia, 
 Madame Rudersdorff, and Arditi. Made her 
 first appearance on the concert platform at 
 the age of eleven. Her operatic debut was at 
 Her Majesty's Theatre, when she sang as the 
 Mermaid in " Oberon." Went to America in 
 1869 to join the Carl Rosa Company, where 
 she met with great success. Sang in opera 
 in Australia, New Zealand, and the Cape, 
 1878-80. In 1881, was prima donna at the 
 Lyceum, and of the Royal English Opera in 
 London and the provinces. Has sung at the 
 Crystal Palace, Philharmonic, and other con- 
 certs. Married Arthur Howell, contrabassist 
 (ct-i).). A brilliant vocalist, she long enjoyed 
 the favour of the public. 
 
 Her father, Henry Hersee, was a teacher 
 of singing, librettist, and musical critic, re- 
 tiring from The Observer in 1894. He was 
 secretary of the Philharmonic Society for 
 some years, from 1880. He died at Lewisham, 
 May 21, 1896, in his seventy-seventh year. 
 His chief works were English adaptations of 
 " Carmen," " Aida," " The Merry Wives of 
 Windsor," and an original libretto, " Pauline " 
 (founded on "The Lady of Lyons"), for F. 
 H. Cowen, produced in 1876. 
 
 Hervey, Arthur, composer and writer 
 on music, born in Paris, .January 26, 1855. 
 Only son of Charles J. V. Hervey, of Killiane 
 Castle, Wexford, Ireland. Educated at the 
 Oratory School, Edgbaston, Birmingham. 
 Studied harmony under Berthold Tours, and 
 instrumentation with Edouard Marlois. He 
 was originally intended for the Diplomatic 
 Service, but from 1880 has devpted himself 
 entirely to music. For some time he acted 
 as musical critic to Vanity Fair ; and on 
 January 1, 1892, he entered on a similar duty 
 on the Morning Post, in succession to the 
 late W. A. Barrett. He married a daughter 
 of the late Sir Edmund Harrison, a lady whose 
 literary ability is shown in the words of many 
 of the songs he has set. The translations of 
 the three albums of songs named below are 
 by Mr. Hervey's father, author of " The 
 Theatres of Paris," and numerous essays 
 contributed to leading magazines and reviews. 
 
 WoRK^. — Opera in one act. The Fairy's 
 Post Box (Palgrave Simpson), Court Theatre, 
 1885; Opera (in MS.). Songs: Sechs Liebes- 
 
 HEYTHER. 
 
 lieder (Heine) ; Herzens Stimmen, six songs 
 (Heine) ; Neue Liebeslieder, eight songs ; 
 Love of my life ; May song ; Once ; Mine all, 
 and many others. Dramatic overture, liove 
 and fate, for orchestra, produced at St. James's 
 Hall, November i^l, 1890, and at the Crystal 
 Palace, April, 1892; Suite for orchestra (MS.). 
 Romance, violin and orchestra ; Reverie, 
 violin and pf. ; Cantilene and Legende 
 Espagnole, 'cello and pf . Six album leaves ; 
 Six esquisses en forme de valses, and other 
 pf . pieces, etc. Literary : Masters of French 
 Music (one of a series of works on contempo- 
 rary musicians), London, Osgood, 1894. 
 
 Heseltine, James, organist and compo- 
 ser, flourished during the first part of 18th 
 century. Organist of St. Katherine's Hospi- 
 tal, London, in the beginning of the 18th 
 century. Organist of Durham Cathedral, 
 1711-1763. He died at Durham, June 20, 
 1763. Composer of anthems, and other 
 church music. 
 
 Heullan, see Roberts, John. 
 
 Hewett, James, author of " An Intro- 
 duction to Singing ; or, the rudiments of 
 music, to which is added a complete set of 
 practical lessons, together with a collection 
 of the best and most useful psalm tunes, and 
 several anthems by eminent masters, Lon- 
 don, 1705. 
 
 Hewitt, Daniel Chandler, musician and 
 writer, born in 1789 ; died at London in 1869. 
 Author of "New Analysis of Music, in which 
 is developed a theory of melody, harmony, 
 and modulation," London, 1828. " The True 
 Science of Music, being a new exposition of the 
 laws of melody and harmony," 1860 and 1864. 
 
 Hewlett, Henry Qay, writer, died Feb- 
 ruary 25, 1897. Author of " Autobiography, 
 Memoir, and Letters of Henry Fothergill 
 Chorley," London, 2 vols., 1873. 
 
 Hewlett, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser, was born at Oxford, March 16, 1845, 
 He studied music under the Rev. L. G. Hayne, 
 at Oxford, and graduated as Mus. Bac. there 
 in 1865. In 1865 he became organist in the 
 private chapel of the Duke of Buccleuch at 
 Dalkeith, a post he retained till 1871 He 
 was also organist of St. Peter's Episcopal 
 Church, Edinburgh, from 1868 to 1809 ; of 
 St. Mary's R. C. Church ; of the Edinburgh 
 Choral Union ; and of Newington Parish 
 Church, Edinburgh, 1873-1874. He died at 
 Edinburgh, April 10, 1874, and is buried in 
 Newington Cemetery, where a monument, 
 erected by the Choral Union, marks his grave. 
 He composed some very meritorious music 
 for the organ and ^Jianoforte ; songs and part- 
 sou'.s, and wrote the two well-known hymns. 
 Angelic songs ("Hark, hirk, my soul") and 
 Dalkeith. 
 
 Heyther, William, Sec Heather, Wil- 
 liam. 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 197 
 
 HEYWOOD. 
 
 Heywood, John, organist and writer on 
 music, born at Birmingham, 1841. Studied 
 pf. and organ under Jolm Cliapnian (organist 
 of St. Thomas's, Birmingliam), and afterwards 
 at R.A.M., under C. Steggall, Walter IMacfar- 
 ren, and H. Kegaldi. Has held appointments 
 as organist and choirmaster at St. Jude's, 
 Birmingham, 1863 ; St. Mary's, Aston Brook 
 (and to Plain-Song Choir, Holy Trinity, 
 Bordesley), 1864 5 ; St. Margaret's, Ward 
 End, 1865 ; and St. Paul's, Balsall Heath, 
 from 1866 to the present time. Organizing 
 Choirmaster to Church Choral Association 
 for Archdeaconry of Coventry, 1871-95 ; and 
 choir inspector for the same, 1895 to present 
 time. For some years on the staff of The 
 Choir and Saturday Musical Review, and 
 later of The Monthly Mttsical Record. Com- 
 poser of Try me, God ; I am the Lord ; and 
 other anthems. Sundry Festal Chant settings, 
 hymn tunes, songs, etc. Editor of the An- 
 glican Psalter Noted (1864) ; The Choral Office 
 of Matins and Evensong (1876). Author of 
 Our Church Hymnody, an essay and review 
 (1881) ; The Versicles and Responses, a paper 
 (1886) ; and The Art of Chanting, London, 
 Clowes, 1893. 
 
 Hicks, Rev. Edward, B.A., author of 
 " Church Music, a Pojoular Sketch ; being a 
 glance at its origin, development, and present 
 use," Manchester, 1881. 
 
 Hickson, William Edward, composer 
 and teacher, born early in the present century ; 
 died, London, April, 1870. Compiler of 
 " Singing Master : containing instructions 
 for teaching singing in schools and fainilies. ." 
 London, 1836-42, 6 vols. " Musical gift from 
 an old friend : containing 24 new songs for 
 the 3'ouug," London, 1859. 
 
 Higgins, Edward, composer and singer. 
 Was a vicar-choral of Dublin Cathedrals. 
 Died in August, 1769. A composer of chants. 
 
 Higgins, William MuUinger, F.Q.S., 
 author of "The Philosophy of Sound and 
 Musical Composition, and History of Music," 
 London, 1838". 
 
 Higgs, H. M., composer of the present 
 day. He has composed a Suite de ballet, for 
 orchestra, performed at Reading, M&y, 1891 ; 
 Six pieces for violin and pf. ; Sonata in C 
 minor ; Prelude and Fugue ; Offertoire in 
 D minor, and other pieces for organ. 
 
 Higgs, James, organist and writer, grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1874. F.R~C.O. 
 Was organist of Baton Chapel, Pimlico, 1843 ; 
 St. Benet and St. Peter, Paul's Wharf, 1844 ; 
 St. Mark's, Keunington, 1852 ; St. ^Michael's, 
 Stockwell, 1864; and from 1867, organist and 
 choirmaster of St. Andrew's, Holborn. An 
 Examiner for College of Organists since 1867. 
 Author of Primers on Fugue and Modulation 
 (Novello); Editor of a Collection of Two-part 
 Solfeggi ; Joint editor (with Dr. J. P. Bridge) 
 
 HILES. 
 
 of Bach's organ works ; and writer of a series 
 of articles on " Organ arrangements," with 
 brief sketches of authors [Musical Scandard, 
 1882). He has given organ recitals at the 
 Bow and Bromley Institute, etc., and in 1883 
 was appointed professor of harmony, R.C.M. 
 
 Hiles, Henry, organist, composer, and 
 didactic writer, bona at Shrevpsbury, Decem- 
 ber 31, 1826. Received his early instruction 
 from his brother John {q.v.), and held an 
 organ appointment at thirteen. In j846 he 
 was appointed to a church at Bury, and the 
 next year to Bishopwearmouth. Prom 1852 
 he was abroad for some time on account of 
 ill-health. In 1859 he was appointed to St. 
 Michael's, Wood Street, London ; and later 
 in the year to St. Thomas's, Old Trafford, and 
 organist and teacher to the Blind Asylum, 
 Manchester; 1861, to ]3owden Parish Church; 
 1864, to St. Paul's, Hulme, ^Manchester, which 
 he resigned in 1867. Conductor of societies 
 at Preston, Warrington, and other jjlaces ; 
 and of the Manchester Athenseum ]\Iusical 
 Society up to 1891. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1862 ; Mus. Doc, 1867, Oxford. Gained the 
 first prize for an organ composition, College 
 of Organists, 1864, and four others consecu- 
 tively for anihems and organ music Elected 
 a Fellow in 1865. Gained the prize for a 
 serious glee, 1878, ]\Ianchester Gentlemen's 
 Glee Club; and in 1882, won the Meadow- 
 croft prize. Appointed, in 1876, lecturer on 
 harmony, musical composition, and history, 
 Owens College, Manchester, and in 1879 to 
 the Victoria University. Drew up, in 1890, 
 a scheme for the establishment of a faculty of 
 music in conformity with the Charter of the 
 University, and in 1891 was appointed per- 
 manent Senior Examiner, and Lecturer, etc., 
 as before. Professor of harmony and com- 
 position. Royal Manchester College of Music. 
 He took an active part in promoting what is 
 now the Incorporated Society of Musicians, 
 from 1882, and was one of the strongest work- 
 ers for it, by pen and personal effort. 
 
 Works.— Oratorios, David, 18tiO ; The Pa- 
 triarchs, 1872. Cantatas; Fayre Pastoral; 
 The Crusaders ; Watchfulness, female voices 
 and orchestra. Settings of Psalms 46, 90, 96 
 and 100, for voices and orchestra. Anthems, 
 sei vices, etc. Operetta, War in the House- 
 hold, 1885 ; Historic opera, Harold (libretto 
 by Marian Millar), composed, 1893; Installa- 
 tion Ode, Come, sacred learning, Victoria 
 University, 1892 ; Break, break (Tennyson), 
 chorus and orchestra, 1892; The Wreck of the 
 Hesperus. Part-songs, various ; Songs, etc. 
 Concert overtures. Youth, and others. Sonata 
 in G minor, Six Impromptus, and other 
 works for organ ; Pieces for pf., etc. Educa- 
 tional works : Grammar of Music, 2 vols. ; 
 Harmony of Sounds, three editions, 1871-2-8; 
 Part Writing, or Modern Counterpoint ; Har- 
 
198 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HILES. 
 
 mony, Chordal and Contrapuntal ; Harmony 
 versus Counterpoint, 1894. First lessons in 
 Singing, 1881 ; Fingers and wrists, technical 
 exercises for pf. Editor of, and contributor 
 to, The Quarterly Alicsical Rericiv, 4 vols., 
 1885-8. Contributions to Mtisical Opinion, 
 and other journals ; Papers read at meetings 
 of the Musical Association, and Conferences 
 of the Incorporated Society of Musicians, etc. 
 
 Hiles, John, writer and organist, brother 
 of the above, was born at Shrewsbury in 
 1810. He held various organ appointments 
 in Shrewsbury, Portsmouth, Brighton, and 
 London, and was organist at Shrewsbury 
 Festival, 1840-41. He died at London, Feb- 
 ruary 4, 1882. 
 
 Works. — A progressive introduction to 
 playing the organ, consisting of fifty-five 
 Preludes, Fugues, Airs, etc., in two, three, 
 and four parts, from the works of the great 
 composers ; to which is added some account 
 of the instrument itself ; a notice of its 
 various stops, and the manner of combining 
 them ; with directions and exercises for the 
 use of the pedals (Novello), n.d. Handbook 
 for the Organ (selections). Short voluntaries 
 (selected). A Catechism for the pianoforte 
 student, etc. Catechism for the organ, 1878. 
 Catechism for harmony and thorough-bass, 
 with key, 2 vols., n.d. Dictionary of 12,500 
 IMusical Terms, 12mo, 1871. Catechism for 
 part-singing, n.d. Juvenile library of piano- 
 forte music. Voluntaries for organ, original 
 and transcribed. Pianoforte pieces, songs, etc. 
 
 Hill, Alfred F., violinist and composer, 
 resident at Wellington, New Zealand. Con- 
 ductor of an orchestral society there, and a 
 concert-giver. He has composed an opera, 
 "The Whipping Boy"; and two cantatas, 
 "Time's great monotonie." produced at a 
 Festival, Wellington, in 1894 ; and " Hinemoa," 
 performed at the opening of Wellington In- 
 dustrial Exhibition, November, 1896. Also 
 some compositions for orchestra, etc. 
 
 Hill, Arthur George, architect, author 
 of " Organ cases and organs of the middle 
 ages and renaissance, a comprehensive essay 
 on the art archiBology of the organ ; containing 
 an account of the most interesting specimens 
 of ancient organs in the churches of Con- 
 tinental Europe," etc., London, 1883. 
 
 Hill, Lord Arthur William, second son 
 of the 4th Marquess of Downshire. Amateur 
 composer ; was born July 29, 1846. He was 
 lieutenant in the 2nd Life Guards, and comp- 
 troller of H.M. Household, 1886-92. Married 
 first to Annie, daughter of Lieut. -Col. Cookes 
 (she died in 1874) ; second, to Annie For- 
 TESCUE Harrison, third daughter of James 
 Portescue Harrison, late M.P. for Kilmarnock 
 Burghs. He has composed some songs, etc. 
 His second wife composed " The Ferry Girl," 
 St. George's Hall, 188.3 ; " The Lost Husband," 
 
 HILL. 
 
 operetta, London, 1884. Holiday songs. Many 
 single songs : In the gloaming [1877] ; At 
 noontide ; Sing to me ; Yesteryear ; and many 
 patriotic songs. Pf. music. " In the gloam- 
 ing " became very popular when first issued. 
 
 Hill, Frederick, organist and composer, 
 horn at Louth, Lincoln, in 1760. He was 
 organist at Loughborough, and York, and 
 died early in the 19th century. He composed 
 pf. music, songs, and music for fiute, clarinet, 
 etc. His brothers, Joseph, organist at Stock- 
 ton, and Thomas, organist at Pontefract, 
 were composers of glees, organ, pf., and harp- 
 music, etc. 
 
 Hill, Horace, composer and conductor, 
 born at Norwich. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1869 ; Mus. Doc, 1878, Cambridge. Con- 
 ductor of the Norwich Festival Choir ; East 
 Dereham Choral Society ; North Walsham 
 Musical Society ; and chorusmaster, Norwich 
 Festival. Some time conductor of Lynn 
 Philharmonic Society. Composer of a can- 
 tata, "A Song of Praise," produced at Nor- 
 wich Festival, 1869 ; and an oratorio, " Nehe- 
 miah," produced, Norwich, 1885. Concert 
 overture, Norwich Festival, 1880. Overtures, 
 "May Morning," Norwich, 1886; "Yew- 
 barrow," Norwich Festival, 1893 ; " Dawn to 
 Sunset," Norwich Philharmonic Society, 
 May, 1896, and others. Sonnet, oboe and 
 orchestra. Quartet, Benedictus. Part-song,, 
 " The Calm," Norwich Festival, 1884, etc. 
 
 Hill, John, composer and conductor, born 
 at Norwich, April 5, 1797. He founded, in 
 conjunction with Edward Taylor, the Norwich 
 Choral Society, and acted as chorus master 
 of the musical festivals from 1826 till his 
 death. For some years he was precentor of 
 St. Mary's Chapel, Norwich. He died at 
 Norwich, July i8, 1846. In conjunction with 
 his son, James Frederick, he edited the Nor- 
 wich Tune Book, a collection of tunes by the 
 most eminent composers . . . , 1844, to 
 which he contributed several tunes. 
 
 James Frederick Hill, son of above, was 
 born in the parish of St. Michael at Thorn, 
 Norwich, May 5, 1817. He was a chorister 
 in Norwich Cathedral, and a pupil of Dr. Z. 
 Buck. Succeeded to his father as conductor 
 of the Norwich Choral Society. Conductor 
 of the Madrigal Society, the Vocal Society, 
 etc. Sang before the Queen at Windsor in 
 1850 and 1859. In conjunction with R. K. 
 Bowley, Jos. Surman, etc., he aided in found- 
 ing the Crystal Palace Handel Festivals. He 
 died at Norwich, March 9, 1877. 
 
 Works. — Hypatia, a cantata, Norwich. I 
 saw fair Chloris, madrigal ; Old friends met 
 together, part-song. Sovgs — The pearly dew- 
 drop, etc. 
 
 Theodore Shalders Hill, son of J. F., 
 was born at Norwich, October 30, 1844. 
 He is a professor of music at Birkenhead. 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 199 
 
 HILL. 
 
 Conductor of Wallasey Musical Society ; 
 Wirral Choral Society ; Birkeuhead People's 
 Concerts; Y. M.C.A. Orchestral Society; 
 Blackburn Orchestral Society, etc. 
 
 Hill, Thomas Henry Weist, violinist 
 and conductor, born iu London (Islington), 
 January 3, 1828. Studied at R.A.RL, under 
 Sainton; King's Scholar, 1845. F.E.A.M., 
 and sometime professor of the violin at that 
 institution. He soon became known as a 
 concert performer, being taken up first by 
 E. J. Loder, and then by Jullien. He toured 
 in America under the management of F. 
 Burgess, and was the first to play Mendels- 
 sohn's violin concerto in that country. Later 
 he visited the principal cities of Europe. On 
 his return he was engaged in the orchestras 
 of the Opera, Philharnronic, and Sacred Har- 
 monic Societies. He was appointed conductor 
 at the Alexandra Palace, which was opened 
 in IMay, 1873. Conducted the orchestral con- 
 certs of Madame Viard-Louis, in 1878, bring- 
 ing forward many important compositions. 
 At the Alexandra Palace he revived Handel's 
 *' Esther," November 6, 1875 ; and " Su- 
 sanna," April 1, 1876. The Symphony Com- 
 petition was instituted at the Palace in 1876 
 {vide Davenport and Stanford). He was ap- 
 pointed Principal of the Guildhall School of 
 Music, 1880, an office he held till the time of 
 his death, at South Kensington, December 
 26; 1891. He was a fine artist, and an able 
 administrator. His compositions were not 
 numerous ; they included a civic anthem, 
 produced at the Guildhall, December 3, 1887 ; 
 several pieces for violin, of which " The Pom- 
 padour Gavotte " became popular ; pieces for 
 violoncello, etc. 
 
 His son, Ferdinand Weist Hill, a vio- 
 linist, studied at the Brussels Conservatoire, 
 and appeared in London in 1892, and the 
 next year played Vieuxtemps' Concerto, No. 
 4, at a concert of the Westminster Orchestral 
 Society, December 20. He is now (1897) a 
 member of the Queen's Hall String Quartet. 
 The younger son, Thomas E. Hill, obtained 
 a violoncello scholarship at the R.C.M., 1889, 
 and is now resident in London as a professor 
 of the violoncello. 
 
 Hilton, John, composer and organist, was 
 born at the end of the 16th century. ]\Ius. 
 Bac, Cantab., 1626. Organist and clerk of 
 St. Margaret's, Westminster, 1628. He died 
 in March, 1657, and is buried in St. Marga- 
 ret's, Westminster. 
 
 Works. — Ay re-, or Fa-las for three voyces, 
 London, 1627, also edited by Warren for 
 Musical Antiquarian Society, 1844. Catch 
 that catch can ; or, a choice collection of 
 catches, rounds, and canons, for three or four 
 voyces, . . London, 1652. Service in G minor. 
 Anthems. Elegy on William Lawes, 1648. 
 Fair Oriana, beauty's queen, madrigal for 
 
 HINE, 
 
 five voices, and Pair Orian, in the morn, for 
 six voices, are in the Triumphs of Oriana. The 
 anthem, " Lord for thy tender mercies sake," 
 usually ascribed to Richard Farrant, has also 
 been attributed to Hilton. 
 
 Hilton, Robert, bass vocalist, born at 
 Preston, Lancashire, 1840. His grandfather 
 and fatlier were both singers in the choir of 
 Peuwortham Church, near Preston, and he 
 himself sang bass for some years at Preston 
 Parish Church, whilst holding a clerkship at 
 the Railway Station. In 1869 he was ap- 
 pointed a lay clerk at Salisbury Cathedral, 
 and succeeded William Machin (who died 
 September, 1870) as Vicar Choral of West- 
 minster Abbey, an office he still holds. His 
 voice is a true bass, of great depth and power, 
 and he has been a successful singer in ora- 
 torio. He appeared at the Norwich Festival 
 of 1878 ; the Bristol Festival of 1879 ; and 
 the Chester Festival of 1882. He has also 
 sung for the Birmingham Festival Choral 
 Society, and at the principal London and 
 Provincial Concerts. Of late his chief public 
 work has been in connection with the com- 
 bination known as the Dilettante Vocal Quar- 
 tette. 
 
 Hime, Edward, Laurence composer and 
 tenor vocalist, born in Liverpool, July 20, 
 1823. Sang at the Princess' Theatre, Lon- 
 don, and appeared as Tom Tug, in " The 
 Waterman," at IManchester, in 1846. He 
 has written a large number of songs, " Light- 
 house keepers," " Leaves from Longfellow," 
 "Coming of .Age," etc., and pf. pieces, of 
 which " Parfait Amour," and " Danse des 
 Paysans," became popular. The latter was 
 also arranged for orchestra. A morceau fan- 
 tastique, " Phosplio," for orchestra has been 
 played in several places. He has also done 
 much in arrangements, etc. 
 
 Hindle, John, composer, was born at 
 Westminster in 1761. Mus. Bac.Oxon., 1791. 
 Lay-vicar, Westminster Abbey, 1785. He died 
 in 1796. He published a " Collection of Songs 
 for 1 and 2 voices" [1790], and a "Set of 
 Glees for 3, 4, and 5 voices, op. 2 " [1790]. 
 
 Hindmarsh, John, violinist and compo- 
 ser, born about 1755, died in 1796. He was a 
 pupil of Salomon. Composer of "Favorite 
 Grand March, as performed by the Stafford- 
 shire band," London [1795], etc. 
 
 Hine, Benjamin, music publisher and 
 composer, born in 1796, died at ]\Ianchester, 
 May 19, 1871. He composed songs, and other 
 vocal music. 
 
 Hine, William, composer and organist, 
 born at Brightwell, Oxfordshire, in 1687. He 
 was a Chorister of Magdalen College, Oxford, 
 from 1694 to 1705, and a Lay-clerk in 1705. 
 He was dismissed in the same year and went 
 to London, where he studied under Jeremiah 
 Clark. Organist of Gloucester Cathedral, 
 
200 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HINGSTON. 
 
 1712. He died at Gloucester, August 28, 1730. 
 Buried in Gloucester Cathedral. 
 
 Works. — Harmonia Sacra Glocestriensis ; 
 or, Select Authenis, in score, for 1, 2, and 3 
 voices, and a Te Deum and Jubilate, together 
 with a voluntary for the organ, n.d. f 1730] . 
 
 Hingston, John, organist and composer 
 of 17th century, who was a pupil of Orlando 
 Gibbons. He was musician to Charles I., 
 and afterwards organist to Cromwell (1654), 
 and teacher of his daughters. He died 
 December 17, 1683. Composer of "Fancies 
 for the Viol." 
 
 Hinton, John William, organist and 
 composer, born at Edmonton, Middlesex, 
 April 26, 1849. Studied at the Paris Conser 
 vatoire. Graduated at Dublin, Mus. Bac, 
 1871 ; B.A., 1872 ; Mus. Doc, 1874 ; and 
 M.A., 1876. Organist of St. Mary's, Charing- 
 cross Road, 1876 ; St. Stephen's, and Holy 
 Trinity, Guernsey, 1877-90; and of St. 
 Michael's, Woolwich Dockyard, 1890, to 
 present time. Resident Secretary, 1876-8, 
 and professor of organ and singing, Trinity 
 College, London. He has composed an 
 oratorio, "Pharaoh," an opera, " Mazeppa " 
 (1880), both in MS.; Church music, anthems, 
 organ music, etc. Editor of The Inter- 
 national Organist, two series ; Author of 
 Facts about organs ; Guide to the purchase, 
 etc., and of A Manual of Harmonies for the 
 Gregorian Tones, 1884. 
 
 Hinton, Joseph Harold, organist and 
 composer, born at Claydon, Bucks., January 
 1, 1862. Studied under Dr. J. F. Bridge, and 
 others. In 1885 he was ajDpointed organist of 
 Hyndland Church, Hillhead, Glasgow. He 
 has composed a Setting of Psalm 1.30, Latin 
 text, produced at Glasgow, April 26, 1887 ; 
 a requiem, "Man goeth forth," for voices and 
 orchestra; a cantata, and other pieces. 
 
 Hipkins, Alfred James, F.S.A., writer 
 on music and musical instruments, born at 
 Westminster, June 17, 1826. (His father, 
 James Hipkins, died April 25, 1882, was for 
 many years a contributor to the Musical 
 World). In business connection with John 
 Broadwood & Sons, London. Mr. Hipkins 
 made a special journey to Berlin and Potsdam 
 in 1881, under the patronage of H.R.H. The 
 Crown Princess of Prussia (now the German 
 Empress Frederick) to identify and examine 
 the pianofortes made by Gottfried Silbermann, 
 which had belonged to Frederick the Great. 
 In 1883 he was awarded the silver niedal of 
 the Society of Arts for a lecture on the tech- 
 nical history of the pianoforte. In 1884, at 
 the request of H.R.H. The Prince of Wales, 
 he was concerned in founding Division II. 
 (Music) of the Inventions Exhibition, South 
 Kensington, 1885, and became a member of 
 the Music Committee. He was also chairman 
 of the committee of the Historic Loan Collec- 
 
 HOARE. 
 
 tion shown in the Royal Albert Hall in con- 
 nection with that Exhibition, and for his 
 services was awarded a gold medal. At the 
 request of H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, 
 he became a member of the committee of the 
 British Section of the Musical and Dramatic 
 Exhibition held at Vienna in 1892, and acted 
 as one of the honorary secretaries. He is, 
 from 1895, honorary curator of the General 
 Museum of the R.C.M. ; and a Fellow of the 
 Society of Antiquaries, from 1886. His lectures 
 on the old keyboard instruments, with his 
 illustrations on the clavichord, spinet, and 
 harpsichord, are well-known ; they were given 
 at intervals, from 1883 to 1893. One occasion 
 was historic : at the Musical Association, 
 June 7, 1886, when Rubinstein was present, 
 and turned over the leaves for the accom- 
 plished player. 
 
 His writings include contributions to the 
 Encyclopaedia Britannica ; Grove's Dic- 
 tionary of Music and Musicians ; the Ahisical 
 Times ; Musical Revietv (Novello, 1883) ; and 
 the (now defunct) Musical World. Author of 
 " Musical instruments, historic, rare and 
 unique " (A. and C. Black, 1888) ; The Cantor 
 lectures on "Musical Instruments" (1891); 
 "The standard of Musical Pitch" (Society 
 of Arts, February 26, 1896) ; and " A descrip- 
 tion and history of the Pianoforte, and the 
 older keyboard Stringed Instruments " (Nov- 
 ello, 1896). 
 
 Hird, Frederick William, organist and 
 composer, born at Leeds, in 1826. Organist 
 of All Souls' (Hook Memorial) Church, Leeds. 
 He was esteemed one of the finest organists 
 in Yorkshire, and an excellent musician and 
 teacher, many of his pupils now occupying 
 leading positions. He was also a good pianist, 
 and gave chamber concerts with George Had- 
 dock, 1851-2. The splendid organ in his 
 house was partly built, and wholly voiced by 
 Schulze. He died at Leeds, November 9, 
 1887. He composed several anthems, in- 
 cluding, " God, our Defender," performed 
 in York Minster, Jubilee Day, 1887 ; a col- 
 lection of introits, kyries, hymn-tunes and 
 chants ; Theme in A, and other pieces for 
 organ; Canzonetta, scherzo, etc., for pf. 
 
 Hirst, Thomas, author of "The Music 
 of the Church, in four parts ; containing a 
 general history of music, including an account 
 of Hebrew music," London, 1841. "The 
 Zephyr . . . containing a set of original com- 
 mon tunes," etc. [1863] . 
 
 Hitchin, Rev. Edward, Dissenting min- 
 ister, author of " Scripture proof for singing 
 of scripture Psalms, Hymns, and spiritual 
 Songs," London, 1696. 
 
 Hoare, Margaret, soprano vocalist, 
 studied under Sims Reeves, and at the R.A.M. 
 under W. Shakespeare, obtaining the Parepa- 
 Rosa Prize in 1884. She made a successful 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 201 
 
 HOBBS. 
 
 .appearance in London, December 19, 1882, 
 in Gade's "Psyche," and a few months later 
 in Gomaod's "Redemption." She was heard 
 in many provincial towns in the next year or 
 two. Sang at the Chester Festival, 1891 ; at 
 .the Royal Albert Hall, 1893 ; and at the 
 Tonic Sol-fa Festival at the Crystal Palace, 
 1895, in "St. Paul"; and is established as 
 .a singer of reputation. 
 
 [^Hobbs, John William, composer, and 
 tenor vocalist, was born at Henley-on-Thames, 
 August 1, 1799. He was a Chorister m Can- 
 terbury Cathedral, and was articled to John 
 Jeremiah Goss. He sang at Norwich Musi- 
 cal Festival in 1813. Tenor singer of Trinity, 
 King's, and St. John's Colleges, Cambridge, 
 and St. George's Chapel, Windsor. Gentle- 
 man of Chapel Royal, 1827. Lay-vicar West- 
 minster Abbey, 1836. He died at Croydon, 
 January 12, 1877. 
 
 Works. — Glees. Songs : Brave old Teme- 
 raire ; Caliban [1861] ; Crier, or lost heart ; 
 Dear father, take thy gentle child; England; 
 .Jack's alive; Music of the past; Nina; 
 Phillis is my only joy [1848]; Soldier's 
 departure ; Then you have not forgotten ; 
 When Delia sings ; Oh my own native laud ; 
 •Captive Greek Girl ; Eulalia, and many others, 
 amounting to over 100. 
 
 Hobson, Frederick, see Leslie, Fred. 
 
 Hoby, Charles, violoncellist and band- 
 master, born in London. Studied at R.C.M., 
 violoncello, organ, and pianoforte ; and 
 instrumentation for military ban.i under 
 •Charles Godfrey. Went to India as band- 
 master of the Punjab Frontier Force. His 
 health failing, he returned to England, and 
 became a candidate for the bandmastership 
 •of the Royal Engineers, but was disqualified 
 on account of not having passed through 
 Kneller Hall. He was then appointed organ- 
 ist to the Royal Military Asylum, Chelsea, 
 and was engaged on the staff of the Orches- 
 tral Times (now the British Musician), to 
 which he contributed papers on the violon- 
 cello, and other subjects. In 1891 he went 
 to South Africa with Mr. Daniel Godfrey, 
 junior, as pianist to his opera company. 
 After an extended tour, he settled in Natal 
 as bandmaster of the Royal Rifles. He has 
 composed a Suite for orchestra, " Scenes of 
 •childhood," produced, Durban, July, 1896; 
 a number of pieces for violin and pf. ; Songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Hodge, William, organist, born in Lon- 
 don, in 1862. Scholar of the National Train- 
 ing School for Music. Appointed organist of 
 St. Marylebone Parish Church, 1886; Sub- 
 organist, St. Paul's Cathedral, and organist 
 to the Royal Choral Society, Albert Hall, 1888. 
 •Gave recitals at the Bow and Bromley Insti- 
 tute, 1884, and elsewhere ; and conducted 
 performances of " Elijah " at St. Marylebone 
 
 HOECK. 
 
 Church in 1892. An organist of exceptional 
 talent, his career was all too brief. He died 
 in London, July 15, 1895. His brother, 
 Herbert Hodge, also an organist, studied 
 at the R.C.M., and was made an Associate. 
 He was appointed organist of Hornsey Parish 
 Churcli in 1888, and is now holding a similar 
 position at St. Peter's, South Kensington. 
 He is Musical Director at the School for the 
 Indigent Blind, St. George'sPields,Southwark. 
 
 Hodges, Colonel C. L., published a 
 "Collection of Peninsular melodies, with 
 words by Mrs. Hemans, Mrs. Norton," etc., 
 London [1830]. 
 
 Hodges, Edward, organist and composer, 
 born at Bristol, July 20, 1796. Organist 
 successively of Clifton Church ; St. James 
 Church, Bristol, 1819 ; St. Nicholas Church. 
 Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1825. He went to 
 America, 1838, and was appointed organist of 
 Toronto Cathedral. In 1839 he became 
 organist of St. John's Episcopal Chapel, New 
 York. Organist of Trinity Church, New York, 
 1846. He returned to England in 1863, and 
 died at Clifton, September 1, 1867. 
 
 Works. — Church Services. Anthems. Con- 
 tributions to the Musical Journals. An 
 Apology for Church ]\Iusic and Musical Fes- 
 tivals, in answer to the animadversions of the 
 Standard and the Record, London, 1834. An 
 Essay on the Cultivation of Church Music, 
 New Y''ork, 1841. 
 
 Hodson, George Alexander, song-writer, 
 who flourished in the first half of this century, 
 and died in 1863. He composed a number of 
 fine melodies, among which may be named : 
 Tell me, Mary, how to woo thee [1863] ; My 
 pretty gazelle ; Bridal wreath ; Briton's home; 
 Child's first prayer; O give me but my Arab 
 steed [1828]; Poor Bessie ; Six ballads [1830]. 
 
 His son George (born, Dublin, 1822, died, 
 1869), was a vocalist. 
 
 Hodson, Rev. Henry Edward, of Lich- 
 field, Staffs., is the composer of a dramatic 
 cantata, " The Golden Legend," performed 
 in London, May 23, 1881 ; in Lichfield, 
 Birmingham, and other places, 1882-4. 
 
 Hoeck, William Thomson, composer 
 and conductor, born at Paisley, June 14, 1859. 
 Studied under his father, Louis Hoeck, music 
 teacher in Paisley ; also under Dr. A. L. 
 Peace. Organist and choirmaster Renfrew 
 Parish Church, 1874 ; Queen's Park U. P. 
 Church, Glasgow, 1880. Conductor of Paisley 
 Philharmonic Society, 1878-83 ; Hillside and 
 Pollokshields Musical Associations ; and Glas- 
 gow Amateur Orchestral Society. 
 
 Works — Orchestral — Undine, characteristic 
 piece, 1884; On the water, 1885; Overture, 
 1890 ; all produced in Glasgow. Romance, 
 'cello and pf.. Op. 3; oboe and pf. ; Legend, 
 pf. and violin, 1890 (Prize, Glasgow Society 
 of Musicians) ; pf. pieces, various. Te Deum, 
 
202 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HOPF'MANN. 
 
 op. 2 ; A love song ; How I envy the ring, 
 and others. Hymn tunes, etc. 
 
 lioffmann, Richard, see Andrews, 
 Richard Hoffmann. 
 
 Hogarth, Qeorge, writer and composer, 
 born at Carfrae M\\\, near Oxton, Berwick- 
 shire, in 1783. He was educated at Edin- 
 burgh for the law. Member of Edinburgh 
 Choral Union. Joint Secretary, with G. F. 
 Graham, of Edinburgh ]\Iusical Festival, 1815. 
 Contributed to the Harmonicon, 1830. Sub- 
 editor of the Morning Chronicle, London, 
 1834 ; editor of the Musical Herald, 184G-7, 
 and musical critic of Daily News, 1846 66. 
 Secretary to Philharmonic Society, 1850-64. 
 He married Miss Thomson, daughter of 
 George Thomson. Died at London, February 
 12, 1870. 
 
 Works. — Musical history, biography, and 
 criticism, being a general survey of music 
 from the earliest period to the present lime. 
 London, 1835 ; second edition, 1838, 2 vols. 
 Memoirs of the musical drama, London, 1838, 
 2 vols, j)ortraits. IMemoirs of the opera in 
 Italy, France, Germany, and England, Lon- 
 don, 1851. The Birmingham festival of 1852, 
 London, 1852. The riiilharmonic Society of 
 London, from its foundation in 1813 to its 
 fiftieth year, 1862, London, 1862. How's 
 Book of British song, illustrated by several 
 distinguished artists, with pianoforte accom- 
 paniments and biographical and historical 
 notes, Loudon, 1845, 2 vols. Contributions 
 to periodical literature. Glees and songs. 
 
 Hogarth was one of the few cultured men 
 of letters who have written intelligibly about 
 music. His works are all of standard value, 
 and are still sought among musicians. One 
 of his daughters, Catherine, married Charles 
 Dickens the novelist, in 1836 ; and another, 
 Helen (Mrs. Roney), was a vocalist, and 
 taught singing in London, and at the Ladies' 
 College, Cheltenham. 
 
 Hogg, James, the " Ettrick Shepherd,'' 
 poet, musician, and general writer, was born 
 in Ettrick Forest, Selkirk, November, 1770. 
 Engaged as farmer at Altrive, but chiefly as 
 contributor to Blackwood's Magazine, and as 
 a general writer. He died at Altrive, Novem- 
 ber 21, 1835. 
 
 Works.— The Mountain Bard, 1803 ; Mador 
 of the inoor ; The pilgrim of the sun ; The 
 Queen's wake; The Jacobite relics of Scot- 
 laud, being the songs, airs, and legends of the 
 adherents of the House of Stuart, Edinburgh, 
 2 vols., 1819-21, with music ; The Border 
 garland, 1829, with music ; tales, fugitive 
 pieces, etc. ; musical settings of his own 
 verses. 
 
 Hohler, Tom, tenor vocalist, son of the 
 Rev. F. W. Hohler, Rector of Winstone and 
 Colesborne, Gloucestershire. Born in 1839. 
 Held an appointment in the Civil Service, 
 
 HOLDEN. 
 
 and was afterwards private secretary to the 
 Earl of Dudley, upon whose advice he went 
 to Italy, and studied under Romani. He 
 sang in Italy, Switzerland, and Germany ; 
 and returning to London at the end of 1865, 
 he was engaged for Italian Opera at Her 
 Majesty's Theatre. He in \deh\s debiit, April, 
 1866, a,s A rtU)o, in "I Puritani," achieving 
 great success. He sang in oratorio, " Elijah," 
 Manchester, January, 1868, etc., and concerts- 
 in London and the provinces. In 1869, he 
 studied further under Pierre Wartel. He 
 married, in 1880, Henrietta, widow of the 
 sixth Duke of Newcastle, and retired from 
 the stage ; singing occasionally at concerts 
 for charitable purposes, and residing chiefly 
 in Paris. He died at Monte Carlo, May 2, 
 1892. 
 
 Holborne, Anthony and William, 
 English musicians, who, in 1597, published 
 in London, " The Cittharne Schoole, by 
 Antony Holborne, gentleman, and servant tO' 
 her most excellent Maiestie. Hereunto are 
 added six short Aers Neapoliton like to three 
 voyces without the Instrument, done by his- 
 brother, William Holborne." 
 
 Holcombe, Henry, composer and vocalist,, 
 born Salisbury, 1690. He was a chorister in 
 Salisbury Cathedral, and afterwards a singer 
 at Drury Lane Theatre, London. He was a. 
 teacher of singing and the harpsichord in 
 London, where he died in 1750. He published 
 " The Musical Medley, or a collection of 
 English songs and cantatas set to music," 
 1745 ; " The Garland," a collection of songs 
 and cantatas [1740] ; six solos for a violin 
 and thorough-bass, with some pieces for the 
 German flute and harpsichord," op. 1, Lon- 
 don, 1745. Songs: Duke upon duke; Go, 
 happy paper ; Happy man, etc. 
 
 Holden, Qeorge, composer and organist, 
 was born in 1800. He was organist of St. 
 George's Church, Liverpool, and teacher of 
 music there. For many years he acted as 
 conductor of the Apollo Glee Club of Liver- 
 pool. He died at Liverpool, December 5, 
 1P56. Composed Church IMusic, consisting 
 of original anthems . . . psalms, hymns, etc. 
 [1840] ; Sacred music by various authors. 
 Dance and organ music ; anthems, songs, etc. 
 
 Holden, John, writer and composer, who- 
 lived in Glasgow during the latter half of the 
 18th century. He settled in Glasgow as a 
 potter, about 1757, and was made a burgess 
 in 1757. He acted as instructor to the band 
 of the Glasgow College Chapel, and was in 
 other wa3's connected with the musical affairs 
 of the University. The statement in F^tis' 
 "Biographic universelle des Musiciens," that 
 he was a professor at the University is appar- 
 ently based on Holden's connection with the 
 music of the College chapel, or the statement 
 on the title-page of the " Collection of Church 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 203 
 
 HOLDEN. 
 
 Music." He issued " A Collection of Church 
 Music, consisting of new setts of the common 
 psahn tunes, with some other pieces . . . prin- 
 cipally designed for tlie use of the Uni%ersity 
 of Glasgow," Glasgow, 1766. "An essay 
 towards a rational system of music," Glasgow, 
 1770 ; Calcutta, 1799 ; Edinburgh, 1807. The 
 psalm tune " Glasgow" is usually assigned to 
 Holden. 
 
 Holden, S., Irish musician, issued "Col- 
 lection of old-established Irish slow and quick 
 tunes arranged for the harp, pf.," etc., Dublin 
 [1800], two books. "Selection of Masonic 
 songs," Dublin [1812]. 
 
 Holder, Joseph William, organist and 
 composer, born in Clerkenwell, London, 1764. 
 He was a chorister in the Chapel Royal, and 
 studied music under Nares. Assistant to 
 Reinhold, organist of St. George the Martyr, 
 Queen Street. Organist successi\ely of St. 
 Mary's Church, Bungay, and at Chelmsford. 
 Bac. Mus., Oxon., 1792." He died in 1832. 
 
 Works. — Collection of catches, canons and 
 glees, op. 6 [1787] ; Collection of songs, duetts 
 and glees, op. 14 [1800] . A mass. Anthems 
 and Te Deums. Favourite collection of songs, 
 op. 4 [1786] . Six sonatas for pf., op. 2 [1785] ; 
 Sonatas for pf., opp. 20, 47, 56. Twenty- 
 eight preludes for pf. . . . Lassie would ye 
 love me (Oh ! gin I were a baron's heir), 
 Scots song, etc. 
 
 Holder, Rev. William, DD., clergyman 
 and writer, born in Northamptonshire, in 
 1614. Educated at Cambridge. Rector of 
 Blechindon, Oxford, 1642. DD., 1660. Canon 
 of Ely. Canon of St. Paul's. Sub-dean of 
 Chapel Royal, 1674-89. He died at London, 
 January 24, 1697. 
 
 Works. — A treatise of the natural grounds 
 and principles of Harmony, London, 1694 ; 
 another edition to which is added by way of 
 appendix. Rules for playing a Thorow-bass, 
 by the late M. Godfrey Keller, London, 1731 ; 
 Evening service in C ; Anthems, etc. 
 
 Holdroyd, Israel, " Pbilo-]\Iiisicae," an 
 English musician of the first half of the 18th 
 century. He published ' ' The Spiritual Man's 
 Companion, or the Pious Christian's Recrea- 
 tion, containing an historical account of 
 music, etc. ; grounds of music and composi- 
 tion in all branches. . . Psalm and hymn 
 tunes," . . 3rd edition, 1733, 5th edition, 
 1753. Chants and anthems, 1733, etc. 
 
 Holford, William, musician of the latter 
 part of last and early part of the present 
 century. He was a choir-master at Manches- 
 ter. He compiled " Voce di melodia, being a 
 collection of congregational psalm and hymn 
 tunes, from approved authors, arranged for 
 four voices" . . n.d. [c. 1820]. 
 
 Holland, Caroline, amateur composer. 
 Daughter of Sir Henry Holland, and sister of 
 Lord Knutsford. Miss Holland's Choir, under 
 
 HOLLINS. 
 
 her conductorship, has given concerts an- 
 nually, since 1883, at which important works 
 by Grieg, Rheinberger, Tinel (" Franciscus," 
 1890), and others, have been performed for 
 the first time in England. Her compositions 
 include a cantata, " Miss Killmansegg and 
 her Golden Leg," produced 1883 ; ballad, 
 "After the Skirmish" (Rohilcund, 1858), 
 words by Sir Alfred C. Lyall, for chorus and 
 orchestra, 1896, etc. 
 
 Holland, Edwin, baritone vocalist and 
 teacher of singing, born in London, March 
 24, 1845. At first studied the violoncello 
 under A. Guest, and played in the orchestra 
 at Covent Garden, while Alfred IMellon was 
 conductor. Later, he took up singing, and 
 received instruction from Prank Romer, his 
 uncle. He then went to Italy and studied 
 with Victor Maurel. For some years he sang 
 in oratorio and concerts, but has chiefly de- 
 voted his attention to vocal training. He 
 was appointed a professor of singing at the 
 R.A.M., in 1880, and resigned in 1892, on 
 establishing an academy of his own. He has 
 given annual concerts by pupils, and operatic 
 performances, since 1875. Author of Edwin 
 Holland's Method of Voice Production, Lon- 
 don, R. Cocks, in which exercises are written 
 for each individual class of voice. 
 
 Hollingsworth, A, B., comic singer, who 
 appeared in London music halls as the " Man 
 with the carpet bag," and in other eccentric 
 sketches. He died at London, October 10, 
 1865, and is buried at Finchley. 
 
 HoUins, Alfred, organist, pianist and 
 composer, born at Hull, September 11, 1865. 
 Began his musical training at the age of six, 
 at the York School for the Blind. From 
 there he went to the Royal Normal College 
 for the Blind, Norwood, where he studied 
 pianoforte playing with Fritz Hartvigson, and 
 organ under Dr. E. J. Hopkins. He played, 
 at a concert of the students, at the Crystal 
 Palace, July 10, 1880, and at later ones, 
 showing remarkable powers as pianist and 
 organist. His organ recitals in the provinces 
 date from 1882, and he has been heard 
 throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland. 
 He has twice visited America, in 1886, and 
 1888. Appeared as a pianist at the Monday 
 Popular Concerts, April 10, 1886 ; and at the 
 Philharmonic, May 31, 1888. He played in 
 Berlin in 1885, and studied with Hans von 
 Bulow, who called him " one of the rare true 
 musicians amongst the piano virtuosi.''' He 
 is now a Professor at the Royal Normal 
 College. He has composed a Concert Over- 
 ture in C ; Preludes, and other organ music ; 
 pianoforte pieces, and songs. 
 
 Hollins, Qeorge, organist, born in Bir- 
 mingham, March 16, 1809. Son of William 
 Hollins, architect and sculptor. Pupil of 
 Thomas Munden, whom he succeeded as 
 
204 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HOLLOWAY. 
 
 organist of St. Paul's, Birmingham, and of 
 the Town Hall (about 1837). He was a fine 
 performer on the organ, and an excellent 
 pianist ; he was also a good singer, having a 
 baritone voice of rich quality. He was fre- 
 quently engaged in concert work, and was 
 noted for his organ accompaniment to songs. 
 Symptoms of phthisis (brought on by over- 
 work) manifesting themselves, he was sent to 
 the Isle-of-Wight ; while away he ruptured a 
 blood vessel, and was brought home, where 
 he died, December 16, 1841. Very few of his 
 compositions were published, but he wrote 
 many hymn tunes and chants, and a setting 
 of the Benedicite was very popular for many 
 years, as was a song, " Sabbath Bell." 
 
 Holloway, Arthur Stephen, organist, 
 pianist and composer of present time. Grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac, 1875; Mus. Doc, 1894, 
 Oxford. He has composed a church cantata, 
 "The promised King," for Advent and 
 Christmas ; Songs, organ and pf. pieces, etc., 
 and a School Board Singing Tutor. 
 
 Holloway, H. R., author of a " Manual 
 of Chanting," London, 1850. 
 
 Holman=Andrews, sec Ashton, Gee- 
 
 TRUD". 
 
 Holmes, Alfred, violinist and composer, 
 was born at London, November 9, 1837. He 
 studied the violin under his father, Thomas 
 Holmes, of Lincoln. Sopranist at the Ora- 
 tory, King William Street, Strand. Dehut 
 with Henry, his brother, at Haymarket 
 Theatre, July, 1847. Appeared at Beethoven 
 Kooms, London, 1853. Played in Germany, 
 1856; Austria, 1857; Sweden, 1857-9; Norway 
 and Holland, 1860-1. Settled in Paris, 1864. 
 Organised a quartet party, 1866. Travelled 
 with it in Holland Prussia, and Germany, 
 1867. Me died at Paris, March 4, 1876. 
 
 Works. — Siiviphonies : Jeanne d'Arc, St. 
 Petersburg, 1867, London, February, 1875 ; 
 The Youth of Shakapere, Paris; The Siege of 
 Paris, 1870; Charles XII. ; Romeo and Juliet ; 
 The Cid, 1874; The Muses; Robin Hood, 1870. 
 Inez de Castro, opera, 1869. Pf. music and 
 songs. 
 
 Holmes, Edward, writer and musician, 
 born near London, 1797. He studied music 
 under V. Novello. Musical critic of Atlas 
 newspaper. Marr.ed grand-daughter of Samuel 
 Webbe. He died in U.S.A., August 28, 1859. 
 
 Works. — A ramble among the nausicians of 
 Germany, giving some account of the operas 
 of Munich, Dresden, Berlin, etc., with remarks 
 upon the church music, singers, performers, 
 and composers, and a sample of the pleasures 
 and inconveniences that await the lover of 
 art on a similar excursion ; by a musical 
 professor; London, 1828; 2nd edit., 1830; 
 3rd edit., 1838. Life of Mozart, including 
 his correspondence, London, 1845 ; Life of 
 Purcell ; Analytical and thematic index of 
 
 HOLMES. 
 
 Mozart's pianoforte works ; Contributions to 
 periodical literature. 
 
 Holmes' " Life of Mozart " is recognised as 
 the standard English work on that master, 
 and is valued accordingly. His work on Ger- 
 man musicians is now scarce, and is valued 
 for its clever pictures of the German musical 
 manners of his time. 
 
 Holmes, Qeorge, organist and composer, 
 born about the middle of the 17th century. 
 He was organist of Lincoln Cathedral from 
 1704, and died in 1720. Composer of odes, 
 anthems and songs. 
 
 Holmes, W. Gordon, physician and 
 writer. Graduated M.D., Brussels, 1882; 
 L.R.C.P., Edinburgh, 1871. Holds various 
 appointments in London. Author of " Treatise 
 on vocal physiology and hygiene, with especial 
 reference to the cultivation and preservation 
 of the voice," London, 1879 ; 2nd ed. 1880. 
 Various works on the throat and its diseases. 
 
 Holmes, Henry, violinist and composer, 
 brother of Alfred Holmes, born in London, 
 November 7, 1839. Studied under his father. 
 Toured with his brother on the Continent, 
 from 1855, and played at the Gewandhaus 
 concerts, Leipzig, December 4, 1856. Resided 
 in Paris, Copenhagen, and Stockholm, from 
 1864. Settled in London, and established the 
 Musical Evenings, in 1868. Led quartets at 
 the Monday Popular Concerts, February 12, 
 1883. Soinetime professor of the violin at 
 the R.C.M. 
 
 Works. — Sacred cantatas. Praise ye the 
 Lord ; and Christmas Day — the last produced 
 at the Gloucester Festival of 1880 ; O may 
 I join the Choir Invisible, for baritone solo, 
 chorus and strings ; songs, etc. Symphony 
 in A, op. 32, Crystal Palace, February 24, 
 1872 ; No. 2 ; No. 3, in C ; No. 4. Concert 
 overture. Concerto in F, op. 39, violin and 
 orchestra. Crystal Palace, December 11, 1875. 
 Octet, strings, 1886 ; Quintet, strings, and 
 pf . and strings, op. 49 ; Octet, strings and two 
 horns, 1889 ; Quartets, strings ; and numerous 
 pieces for violin and pf., etc. 
 
 Holmes, John, organist and composer 
 of 17th century. Organist of Winchester 
 Cathedral about end of 16th century, and of 
 Salisbury Cathedral, 1602-10. He was the 
 master of Adrian Batten and Edward Lowe. 
 He composed services and anthems for the 
 church, and madrigals, among which is " Thus 
 Bonnyboots the birthday celebrated," con- 
 tained in the "Triumphs of Oriana," 1601. , 
 
 His son, Thomas, who died at Salisbury, 
 March 25, 1638, was a composer. 
 
 Holmes, Mary, musician, authoress of 
 " A few words about Music, by M. H.," 
 London, 1851. Composer of " Songs without 
 words, for pf." [1850]. 
 
 Holmes William Henry, pianisD and 
 composer, born at Sudbury, .January 8, 1812. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 205 
 
 HOMES. 
 
 He studied at the R.A.M., where he gained 
 two medals. He afterwards became sub- 
 professor of pf. at R.A.M. (1826), and later, 
 principal professor. First appeared as pianist 
 at Philharmonic Society Concert in 1851. He 
 died in London, April 23, 1885. Among his 
 pupils was W. Sterndale Bennett, J. W. Davi- 
 son, George A. and Walter IMacfarren, etc. 
 
 Works. — The Elfin of the lake, opera. 
 Symphonies for orchestra. Concerto (The 
 Jubilee) for pf. and orchestra ; Sonata for 
 pf. and violin ; Numerous works for pf. solo ; 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 Homes, N., D.D., author of " Gospel 
 Musick ; or, the Singing of David's Psalms, 
 etc., in the publick congregations, or private 
 families asserted and vindicated," Loudon, 
 1644. 
 
 Honey man, William Crawford, violinist 
 and author, born of Scottish parents at Well- 
 ington, New Zealand, January 30, 1845. In 
 1849 he was taken to Edinburgh, and he 
 studied music and the violin. Prom an early 
 age he contributed tales and sketches to 
 various journals, and became connected with 
 the " People's Journal " and " People's 
 Friend," of Dundee. To these he contributed 
 numerous detective tales, under the pseu- 
 donym of James McGovan, and wrote various 
 novels and articles. He also issued in the 
 " People's Friend," a series of papers on " The 
 Violin : how to master it," 1879, which has 
 been reprinted in book form. He has also 
 published "The Young Violinist's Tutor and 
 Duet Book," 1883 ; " Three easy Fantasias 
 on Scottish Airs," 1884 ; " Hints to Violin 
 Players," 1885 ; " The Secrets of Violin 
 Playing." 
 
 Hook, James, composer and organist, was 
 born at Norwich, June 3, 1746. He studied 
 under Garland, organist of Norwich Cathedral. 
 Settled in London, and became organist and 
 composer at Marjdebone Gardens, 1769-1773 ; 
 and Vauxhall Gardens, 1774-1820. Organist 
 of St. John's, Horsleydown. Gained Catch 
 Club prizes, 1772, 1780. Married to Miss 
 Madden. He died at Boulogne, 1827. 
 
 Works. — Music for dramatic pieces : Dido 
 1771 ; The Divorce, 1771 ; Trick upon Trick 
 1772 ; Double Disguise, 1784 ; Jack of New 
 bury, libretto by Rev. Jas. Hook, 1795 
 Diamond cut Diamond, 1797 ; Music mad 
 1807, etc. Songs : Hours of love ; Hermit 
 op. 24 ; Adieu ma liberte ; Along the birks 
 And where are you going ? ; Believe not 
 youth ; Blow cheerly, ye winds ; Bonny sailor 
 Brown Bess; Can'st thou love me, Mary? 
 Come out, my love ; Dear Mary, be mine 
 Death of Auld Robin Gray ; Flitch of Bacon 
 Gentle as the breath ; Gipsy girl; Hail, lovely 
 rose ; Hook, or by crook ; Hours of love 
 Hush every breeze ; Lowland Kitty ; My 
 Nancy was the sweetest maid ; Near Glasgow 
 
 HOPEKIRK. 
 
 city ; Orphan Bess ; Should fears alarm ; 
 Softly waft, ye southern breezes ; Sweet lass 
 of Richmond Hill (1789) ; Thro' the braes of 
 Kirkcaldy ; What is love ? ; Within a mile o' 
 Edinboro town ; Ode for the opening of the 
 New Exhibition Room, 1772. Petrarch's 
 Sonnets set to music, op. 60. The Hours of 
 Love, or collection of sonnets, containing 
 morning, noon, evening, and night. Piano- 
 forte pieces, as sonatas, op. 16, 54, etc. ; 
 Rondos and transcriptions ; Concertos, op, 
 11 ; Concertos for organ, op. 20, op. 55, etc. ; 
 Three sonatas for pf. and flute, op. 71 ; 
 another set, op. 72 ; and another set, op. 77. 
 Cantatas, canzonets, catches, glees (Christmas- 
 Box, 1795). The Ascension, oratorio, 1776. 
 Guida di Musica, being an easy introduction 
 for beginners on tlie pianoforte, to which are 
 added 24 progressive lessons, in the most 
 useful keys, composed and fingered by the 
 autiior, op. 37, London, 4to, n.d. 
 
 His sons, James (1772-1826), dean of Wor- 
 cester, and Theodore (1788-1841), novelist, 
 achieved much distinction in their day. The- 
 latter was also a musician. 
 
 Hooper, Edmund, composer, born at 
 North Halberton, Devon [1553J. Chorister 
 Westminster Abbey, 1582. Master of Chor- 
 isters, Westminster Abbey, 1588. Gentleman 
 of the Chapel Royal, 1603. Organist of West- 
 minster Abbey, 1606. He died at Westmins- 
 ter, July 19, 1621. 
 
 Works. — Harmonies in The whole Book© 
 of Psalms, 1594. Anthems in Barnard's Col- 
 lection. Contributions to Leighton's Teare's. 
 
 Hooper, Mrs. M., see Pbnna, Catherine. 
 
 Hooper, Rev. Richard, clergyman and 
 musician, author of " Music and musicians 
 (especially English) to the days of Henry 
 Purcell . . ," London, 1855. 
 
 Hope, Robert Charles, author of various 
 works on dialect, holy wells, church plate, 
 etc. In 1894, he issued a book entitled, 
 " Mediaeval ]\Iusic, an historical sketch with 
 musical illusi rations," London, Stock. 
 
 Hopekirk, Helen, pianist and composer,, 
 born near Edinburgh, where her early studies 
 were pursued under G. Lichtenstein and A. 
 C. Mackenzie. These were followed by two 
 years at the Leipzig Conservatorium, and 
 study under Th. Leschetitzki at Vienna. 
 Her debut was made at the Gewandhaus 
 Concerts, Leipzig, November 28, 1878, and 
 she played, for the first time in England, at 
 the Crystal Palace, March 15, 1879, the G 
 minor Concerto of Saint-Saens. Then fol- 
 lowed recitals and concerts in England and 
 Scotland, up to the year 1883, when Madame 
 Hopekirk paid her first visit to America. 
 Her first appearance was at the Boston Sym- 
 phony Concerts, December 8, 1883, and her 
 first recital in New York took place December 
 27. She speedily became popular, and was 
 
206 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HOPKINS. 
 
 engaged for the Philadelphia Festival of 1884, 
 and played in nearly every centre of musical 
 culture. During her stay she gave upwards 
 of twenty concerts in New York alone, her 
 artistic performances attracting large au- 
 diences. In the spring of 188G, she was hack 
 in Edinburgh again, but the next year she 
 went again to Vienna, for further study with 
 Leschetitzki. While there, she also studied 
 composition, with Carl Nawratil, and orches- 
 tration with Richard Mandl. At the close of 
 her stay she appeared at the Vienna Phil- 
 harmonic, and on her return, at the Richter 
 Concerts, London. Two more tours in 
 America were undertaken, and since her 
 return to Europe, composition has chiefly 
 occupied her time. Among her works may 
 be named a Concertstiick for pf. and orches- 
 tra, produced at Henschel's Concerts, Edin- 
 burgh, November 19, 1894, the composer 
 taking the solo part ; a Concerto and several 
 •orchestral works ; a Sonata for pf. and violin 
 (Boston Quartet Concerts and Chicago Exhi- 
 bition, 1893) ; and upwards of a hundred 
 Songs. Some songs, and a Serenade for pf. 
 have been published. 
 
 Hopkins, Edward, bandmaster, born 
 about the year 1778. Formed the first regular 
 band of the Scots Guards in 1815, after the 
 return of the regiment from Paris. He was 
 the first clarinet player of his day ; and, with 
 a brother, was in the orchestra of Covent 
 Garden Theatre, during its occupancy by 
 Charles Kemble. He was also at one Dime 
 conductor at Old Vauxhall Gardens. He 
 retired from the army on a pension in 1838, 
 and died in 1860, aged 82. He was the father 
 of a family of musicians. His son Edward 
 became organist of Armagh Cathedral ; and 
 John' Larkin (g.c.) of Rochester Cathedral. 
 His daughter, Louisa, entered the R.A.M., 
 in 1831 ; was King's Scholar, 1834 ; and 
 afterwards an Associate. She married Richard 
 Lloyd, a lay vicar of Westminster Abbey, 
 and after his death settled as a teacher of 
 music in Cheltenham, where she died in 
 1880. The distinguished tenor singer, Ed- 
 ward Lloyd, is her son. 
 
 Hopkins, Edward John, organist and 
 composer, born at Westminster, London, 
 June 30, 1818. Entered the choir of the 
 Chapel Royal, St. James's, in 1826, and 
 studied under Wm. Hawes, in 1833 becoming 
 a pupil of T. F. Walmisley. Obtained the 
 post of organist at Mitcham Church, Surrey, 
 in 1834; St. Peter's, Islington, 1838; St. 
 Luke's, Berwick Street, 1841. He played his 
 first probationary service at the Temple 
 Church, May 7, 1843 ; and in the following 
 October was elected organist to the " Hon- 
 ourable Societies of the Temple," a position 
 he still retains. His Jubilee as an organist was 
 marked by the presentation of a testimonial 
 
 HOPKINS. 
 
 in 1884 ; and on the completion of fifty 
 years' service at the Temple Church, in 
 May, 1893, he was the recipient of a hand- 
 some testimonial from the two Honourable 
 Societies of the Temple. In 1851, he became 
 a member of the Royal Society of Musicians ; 
 Associate of the Philharmonic Society, 1852, 
 Member, 1864 ; was one of the Founders of 
 the College of Organists ; Hon. R.A.M., 1871 ; 
 an original member of the Musical Associa- 
 tion, 1874 ; and identified with Trinity Col- 
 lege, London, as Examiner, etc. In 1882, he 
 received the degree of Mus. Doc, from the 
 Archbishop of Canterbury ; and from Trinity 
 College, Toronto, 1886 ; He is professor of 
 the organ at the Royal Normal College for 
 the Blind, Norwood. His powers as an or- 
 ganist have been demonstrated not only in 
 the services of his church, but in recitals all 
 over the country, which he continued up to 
 his 78th birthday, June 30, 1896 ; and modern 
 organ building has been greatly influenced 
 by his writings. 
 
 Works. — Anthems: Out of the deep; God 
 is gone up (Gresham prize medals, 1838 and 
 1840) ; The King shall rejoice fin celebration 
 of the marriage of the Prnice of Wales, 1863) ; 
 God who commandest the light to shine 
 (Thanksgiving for the recovery of the Prince 
 of Wales, 1872) ; Thou shalt cause the trumpet 
 of the Jubilee to sound (composed for Her 
 Majesty's Jubilee, 1887, and for which the 
 Benchers of the Temple voted Dr. Hopkins 
 fifty guineas) ; The Lord is full of compassion 
 (conaposed for his own Jubilee), performed at 
 the Temple Church, May 7, 1893; 0, sing 
 unto the Lord, and many others ; Church 
 services, hymn tunes, and chants. Organ : 
 Select organ movements, from the scores of 
 the great masters, 22 numbers ; Select move- 
 ments, 15 numbers ; Allegro moderato in A ; 
 Adagio in D, and others. Chloe and Corinna, 
 madrigal ; songs, part-songs, etc. Author of 
 The organ, its history and construction, Lon- 
 don, 1855 ; second edition, 1870 ; third edition 
 (with E. P. Rimbault) 1877, etc. Editor of 
 madrigals by Bennett and Weelkes, for the 
 Musical Antiquarian Society ; The Temple 
 Psalter, pointed ; Book of responses ; Purcell's 
 organ music (Novello). Lectures and papers, 
 various, read before the Royal Archaeological 
 Institute, the Conferences of the Incorporated 
 Society of Musicians, etc. Contributions to 
 the musical press. Senior editor of The Or- 
 ganist and Choirmaster, his colleagues being 
 Dr. C. W. Pearce, and Dr. C. Vincent. Con- 
 tributor of valuable articles on accompani- 
 ment, organ, etc., to Grove's Dictionary of 
 music and musicians. 
 
 Hopkins, John, organist and composer, 
 brother of Edward J. Hopkins, born at West- 
 minster, in 1822. Became a chorister at St. 
 Paul's Cathedral in 1831, remaining there 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 207 
 
 HOPKINS. 
 
 until 1838, but was allowed, some months 
 previously to leaving, to take the organist's 
 duty at Mitcham Church. He was appointed 
 to St. Stephen's, Isliiigton, 1839 ; Trinity 
 Church, Islington, 1843 ; St. Mark's, .Jersey, 
 1845 ; St. Michael's, Chester Square, London, 
 1846 ; and to Rochester Cathedral, May, 
 1856, a position he still holds. Many dis- 
 tinguished organists have been his pupils : 
 Drs. J. F. and J. C. Bridge, E. J. Crow, and 
 
 D. J. Wood ; and Joseph Maas, the vocalist, 
 etc. His compositions include Church ser- 
 vices, anthems, a large number of hymn tunes 
 {many written expressly for use at St. John's, 
 Chatham), chants, etc, A set of twelve 
 Sketches for pf. ; a series of movements for 
 the organ ; a book of ten songs, etc. George, 
 and Glanvill Hopkins, his sons, are organ- 
 ists ; the former at Gillingham Church, and 
 the latter at Trinity Church, Old Brompton, 
 and assistant organist at Rochester Cathedral. 
 
 Hopkins, John Larkin, organist and 
 composer, born at Westminster, November 
 25, 1819. Cousin of B. J. Hopkins. Chorister 
 in Westminster Abbey under James Turle. 
 He was successively organist of Rochester 
 Cathedral, 1841 ; Trinity College, Cambridge, 
 1856 ; and Cambridge University, 1856. Mus 
 Bac, 1842, and Mus. Doc, Camb., 1867. He 
 died at Ventnor, Isle of Wight, April 2'^, 
 1873. 
 
 Works. — Services in C and E fiat; Te 
 Deum in G ; Twelve anthems dedicated to 
 the Dean and Chapter of Rochester [1830] ; 
 numerous separate anthems. Five glees, 
 and a madrigal, London, 1842. Part-songs, 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Hopkins, Thomas, organist, brother of 
 
 E. J. Hopkins, was, circa 1862, organist of 
 the Edinburgh University Music Hall, in 
 Park Place. He afterwards removed to York, 
 and was for many years organist of St. 
 Saviour's Church, and also had the care and 
 tuning of the Cathedral organ. He had a 
 rare gift as an extempore player. He died 
 at York, March 22, 1893. 
 
 Hopkinson, Thomas, organist and writer 
 on music, born in York, October 22, 1826. 
 Quite early in life he had a strong predi- 
 lection for drawing, and wished to become 
 a painter, but his father decided for music, 
 and at the age of eight he became a chorister 
 in York Minster. There he remained for 
 nine years, a pupil of IMatthew Camidge. 
 Two days after leaving the choir, in 1843, 
 he became organist of the two churches of 
 Pontefract, posts he retained until 1856, when 
 he removed to Hull. At that time there were 
 only three music teachers in the town, and 
 he soon found himself fully occupied with 
 teaching in the district. He held several 
 organ appointments. About 1886 he retired, 
 and took up his favourite art of water-colour 
 
 HORN. 
 
 painting. For forty years' past he has con- 
 tributed to the local Press, and the musical 
 Journals, letters on various topics, and has 
 been a strenuous advocate of the claims of 
 native musicians, and our own national art. 
 
 Horan, John, organist, born at Drogheda, 
 in 1831. Organist successively at Booters- 
 town, Sandymount. St. Andrew's, Dublin, 
 Adare, Tuam, and Derry. Sometime member 
 of the Choir, Limerick Cathedral ; Assistant 
 organist and master of the choristers ; then 
 organist and choirmaster, Christ Church 
 Cathedral, Dublin. He has composed some 
 anthems, and organ music. His son, George 
 Frederick, was appointed organist of Trinity 
 Church, Rathmines, in 1886. He has written 
 church music; "A voice in the gloaming," 
 and many other songs, some of which are 
 popular. JoH.v HoRAN, another son, is solo 
 bass in Christ Church Cathedral Choir, 
 Dublin. 
 
 Horn, Charles Edward, composer and 
 conductor, born in London, June 21, 1786. 
 Son of Carl Friedrich Horn (1762-1830), a 
 German musician under whom he studied. 
 He also studied under Rauzzini, in 1808, and 
 sang at the English Opera House in 1809. 
 He studied singing under Thomas Welsh in 
 1809, and re-appeared as a vocalist in 1814. 
 Musical director at Lyceum, 1831-32. He 
 went to America and introduced English opera, 
 1833, and was a music-publisher in America 
 for a time. Returned to England in 1843, 
 and became musical director of Princess's 
 Theatre, London. He settled in America as 
 director of the Handel and Haydn Society of 
 Boston, in 1847, and died at Boston, October 
 21, 1849. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios : Remission of Sin ; 
 Satan, 1845 ; Daniel's Prediction, London, 
 1848. Operas, etc. : Magic Bride, 1810 ; Tricks 
 upon Travellers (with Reeve), 1810; Bee-hive, 
 1811 ; Boarding-house, 1811 ; Rich and Poor, 
 1812 ; Devil's Bridge (with Braham), 1812 ; 
 Godolphin, 1813; Ninth Statue, 1814; Wood- 
 man's Hut, 1814; Charles the Bold, 1815; 
 Persia Hunter, 1816 ; Election, 1817 ; Wizard, 
 1817 ; Circe, 1821 ; Actors al Fresco (with 
 Cooke and Blewitt), 1823; Philandering, 1824 ; 
 Peveril of the Peak, 1826 ; Honest Frauds, 
 1830; " M. P." Christmas Bells, cantata. 
 Songs : Ah, flattering man ; Breaking of the 
 day ; Brian Boru ; Chimes of Zurich ; Cherry 
 Ripe; Child of earth; Deep, deep sea; Desert 
 isle ; Early home ; Fond heart ; He loves aiad 
 rides away ; I've been where fresh flowers ; 
 Long time ago; Love's stolen kiss; My bonnie 
 barque ; Mermaid's cave ; never say I stole 
 the heart ; Old ocean is calm ; The sun is on 
 the mountain ; Trafalgar ; When Mary is 
 away ; Woman's heart is free. Duets and 
 glees. Pianoforte music. Hindoo Melodies 
 Harmonized, London, 1840. 
 
208 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HOENCASTLE. 
 
 His wife, born Maria Hoeton, was born at 
 Birmingham in 1811. She sang in oi^era in 
 America and elsewhere. She devoted herself 
 to teaching after 1849, and died at Morrisania, 
 January, 1887. She was a sister of Mrs. 
 German Reed. 
 
 Horncastle, Frederick William, Irish 
 composer and organist of the present century, 
 who flourished about 1810-50. He was organ- 
 ist of Armagh Cathedral, 1816-2.3, and after- 
 wards a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal. He 
 composed a great number of pieces for the pf., 
 with songs, glees, comic rounds, etc. He 
 compiled " The Music of Ireland ; as performed 
 at Mr. Horncastle's Irish Entertainments," 
 London, 1844, 3 parts, etc. 
 
 Horncastle, John Henry, author of 
 " The Whole Art of Singing at Sight," 
 London, 1829. 
 
 Horne, George, D.D., author of "The 
 antiquity, use, and excellence of Church 
 Music : a sermon preached at the opening of 
 a new organ in the Cathedral Church of 
 Christ, Canterbury . . ." Oxford, 1784. 
 
 Horne, Rev. Thomas Hartwell, scholar 
 and biblical writer, born in London, in 1780. 
 He was a clergyman in London, and in 1824 
 be became an assistant in the British 
 Museum, where he remained till 1860. He 
 died at London, January 27, 1862. Com- 
 piled " Manual of Parochial Psalmody," 
 London, 1829; "Selection of Psalms and 
 Hymns, arranged by Thomas Henshaw, 1829 
 (lunes for No. 1)." "Historical Notices of 
 Psalmody," London, 1847. " Introduction to 
 the critical study and knowledge of the Holy 
 Scriptures," 1813, 3 vols " " Introduction to 
 Bibliography," 2 vols., and other works. 
 
 Horner, Burnham W., organist, com- 
 poser, and writer, born at Luton, Beds., in 
 1848. Studied under Dr E. J. Hoi^kins, 
 Franklin Taylor, and Signor Ciabatta. In 
 1863, he was appointed organist of St. Mary's, 
 Mortlake ; and in 1867 became assistant or- 
 ganist of the Chapel lioyal, Hampton Court. 
 Appointments followed at Holy Trinity, Rich- 
 mond, 1874 ; St. Luke's, South Kensington, 
 1893. He has appeared with success as a 
 pianist at various concerts. Of his com- 
 positions, a cantata, " Penelope," was pro- 
 duced at Richmond, December, 1890; and he 
 has published a Festival March for organ, 
 besides arrangements of the overtures to " St. 
 Polycarp," and " Hagar " (Ouseley). Many 
 papers on musical topics have been issued by 
 the " Sette of Odd Volumes," and in other 
 ways, including "Organ writers of the 18th 
 and 19th centuries," "JNIusical London a 
 Century ago," etc. He is author of " Organ 
 Pedal Technique," Novello, 1895. 
 
 Horner, Ralph Joseph, conductor and 
 composer, born at Newport, Monmouth- 
 shire, April 28, 1848. Educated at Leipzig 
 
 HORSLEY. 
 
 Conservatorium, under Moscheles, Reinecke,. 
 Hauptmann, and others. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Durham. Some time conductor of opera 
 at the Alexandra Palace, Muswell Hill ; and 
 for eleven years conductor of Sullivan and 
 other opera companies in the provinces. 
 Organist of Park rlill Church, Nottiugltam, 
 1890-94. At the present time he is conductor 
 of the Nottingham Amateur Orchesiral So- 
 ciety, and the Amateur Operatic Company ;. 
 and lecturer in music at Nottingham Univer- 
 sity College. He has composed a dramatic 
 cantata, " Confucius," produced at Albert 
 Hall, Nottingham, February 19, 1892 ; several 
 operettas ; and has published numerous pf . 
 pieces, songs, etc. 
 
 Horrocks, Amy Elsie, pianist and com- 
 poser, born, of British parents, at Rio-Grande- 
 do-Sul, Brazil, February 23, 1867. Entered 
 R.A.M., in 1882, studying pianoforte and 
 comjDosition under Ad. Schloesser, and F. W. 
 Davenport. Won the Potter Exhibition, 
 1888, and the Bennett Prize, 1889. Elected 
 Associate, 1890 ; Fellow, 1895. At the Acad- 
 emy Concerts, a Pf. Trio in B flat (1887) ; 
 Sonata for 'cello and pf. (1889), and other 
 compositions were performed. Resident in 
 London, as teacher. Has given Chamber con- 
 certs in Princes' Hall, 1891. 
 
 Works. — Incidental music to An Idyll of 
 New Year's Eve, Chelsea, January, 1890 ; 
 The wild Swan, op. 9 ; The winds, op. 21 ; A 
 Spring morning, op. 22 ; dramatic cantatas, 
 for female voices ; two Fairy songs (Elfin 
 sleep-song, and The Fairy thrall), op. 13, for 
 soprano solo, chorus of female voices, with 
 strings, harp, and triangle ; two songs, op. 3, 
 with orchestra ; album of twelve songs, op. 6 ; 
 six songs, op. 10 ; fourteen songs, op. 20 ; 
 eight vocal canons, op. 15 ; ten canons, op. 18 ; 
 songs, various. Sonata in G, pf. and violon- 
 cello, op. 7; variations for pf. and strings, 
 op. 11; orchestral legend. Undine, op. 16, 
 Queen's Hall, February 6, 1897. Various 
 pieces for pf. solo, violin and pf., etc. 
 
 Horsley, Charles Edward, composer 
 and organist, son of William Horsley, was 
 born in London, December 16, ' 1822. He 
 studied under his father, Moscheles, and at 
 Leipzig under Hauptmann and IMendelssohn. 
 Organist of St. John's, Netting Hill, London. 
 He went to Australia in 1868; and afterwards 
 settled in the United States. He died at New 
 York, May 2, 1876. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios : David ; Joseph ; 
 Gideon ; Glasgow, 1860. Comus, cantata for 
 solo and chorus (Milton), 1874 ; Impromptu 
 for pf., op. 12 ; Trio, No. 2, for pf., viola and 
 'cello, op. 13 ; Sonata for pf. and 'cello (1844) ; 
 Quartet for pf. and strings, 1845 ; six Lieder 
 for voice and pf., op. 21. Anthems. Pf. 
 pieces, various. Songs, part-songs, etc. Text- 
 book of Harmony for schools and students. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 209 
 
 HORSLEY. 
 
 Horsley, William, composer, organist, 
 and writer, born at London, November 15, 1774. 
 Articled to T. Smith, a pianist. He studied 
 under J. W. Callcott and Pring. Organist of 
 Ely Chapel, Holboru. Established Concen- 
 tores Sodales (societ) for propagating the study 
 of concerted vocal music), 1798-1847. Assist- 
 ant organist at Asylum for Female Orphans, 
 1798. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1800. Chief 
 organist of Orphan Asylum, 1802. Organist 
 of Belgrave Cliapel, Grosvenor Place, 1812 ; 
 Charter-house, on death of Stevens, 1837. 
 He married Elizabeth H. Callcott, daughter 
 of J. W. Callcott. He was one of the founders 
 of the Philharmonic Society. He died at 
 London, June 12, 1858. 
 
 Works. — Glees, canons, etc., published in 
 five different collections, op. 1, 1801 ; op. 3, 
 1806; op. 4, [1808]; op. 6, 1811, and 1827. 
 Forty canons of various species for 2, 3, 4, 
 and 6 voices in score, op. 9. Vocal harmony 
 (edited) Loudon, 7 vols. [1830] . Elegiac odes 
 to memory of S. Webbe and S. Harrison. A 
 collection of Psalms, with interludes, 1828. 
 Twenty-four Psalm tunes and eight chants, 
 1844. Callcott's glees, edited with memoir, 
 London, 2 vols., 1824, Airs of the Rhine, 
 edited 1828 Pf. music, miscellaneous. An 
 explanation of musical intervals, and of the 
 major aud minor scales, op. 8, London, 1825. 
 An introduction to the study of practical 
 harmony and modulation, London, 1847. 
 Songs and canzonets, etc. 
 
 Horton, George, oboist. Student and 
 Associate, R.A.M. RIember of the orchestras 
 of Her Majesty's Opera; Birmingham Fesii- 
 val to 1888; Leeds Festival to 1889; Three 
 Choirs Festival to 1894, as performer on the 
 oboe and cor Anglais. He has also played 
 the oboe d'amore in Bach's I'assion Music, 
 etc., in Westminster Abbey and elsewhere ; 
 and long held the leading position in his 
 special department. He is a professor at the 
 R.A.M. and R.C.M., and a member of the 
 Queen's private band. 
 
 Horton, Maria, see sub. Horn, Charles 
 Edward. 
 
 Horton, Priscilla, see Reed, Mrs. German 
 
 Houghton, William, organist and com- 
 poser, born in Dublin, 1844 ; died there in 
 1871. He was a chorister and deputy-organist 
 in Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, and 
 organist of St. Ann's, Dublin. Composer of 
 anthems, songs, and organ music. 
 
 Houldsworth, John, organist, violinist, 
 and composer, who was born in the latter 
 part of the eighteenth centurj'. He was ap- 
 pointed organist of the Parish Church of 
 Halifax in 1819. He played first violin at 
 the Yorkshire Festivals of 1823 and 1825. 
 Died after 1836. He edited an edition of 
 Chetham's Psalmody, 1832, and composed 
 several hymn-tunes, chants, etc. 
 
 HOWELL. 
 
 Houseley, Henry, organist and composer, 
 born at Ashtield, Notts., September 20, 1851. 
 F.C.O. From about 1875 resident in Derby, 
 and organist and choirmaster of St. Luke's 
 Church. Then, removing to Nottingham, he 
 became organist of St. James' Church in 1882, 
 and Lecturer in Musical Theory at Nottingham 
 University College. In 1888 he left England 
 for America, as sub-organist and choirmaster 
 of the Cathedral, Denver, Colorado. He has 
 written an opera, " Native Silver," performed 
 at Denver. 1892; a quartet for strings; a 
 number of pieces for pf. ; and some vocal 
 music, among which is a part-song which 
 gained a prize given by the Glasgow Select 
 Choir. 
 
 Houston, Allan, Scottish musician, who 
 lived in Glasgow as a teacher of music at the 
 end of last and beginning of the present 
 century. He published a " Collection of 
 Church Tunes, with a few anthems, canons, 
 and catches," Glasgow, 1799. 
 
 Howard, Samuel, organist and composer, 
 born in London, 1710. He was a chorister in 
 the Chapel Royal under Croft, and he also 
 studied under Pepusch. Organist of St. Bride's 
 and St. Clement Danes Churches, London. 
 Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1769. He died at Loudon, 
 July 13, 1782. 
 
 Works. — Amorous Goddess, opera, 1744. 
 Musical Companion, a collection of English 
 songs, London, n.d. Anthems, psalms, can- 
 tatas ; large number of songs and instrumental 
 music. 
 
 Howard, William, conductor and violin- 
 ist, born at Edinburgh, March 18, 1831. He 
 played the violin in the Theatre Royal, Edin- 
 burgh, under Alex. Mackenzie, and in 1857 
 he became musical director of the Edinburgh 
 and Glasgow assemblies. Conductor of the 
 Edinburgh Choral Union, 1863-1865. He 
 died at Dumfries, June 2, 1877. 
 
 Howe, W. F., author of "Lecture on 
 French Horns, ancient and modern, both 
 historical and practical," n.d. 
 
 Howell, Arthur, double-bass player and 
 vocalist, born in 1836. Son of James Howell. 
 He married Miss Rose Hersee, the vocalist, 
 in 1874, with whom he travelled in Australia, 
 etc. For some time he was stage manager to 
 the Carl Rosa Opera Conipanv. He died on 
 April 26, 1885. 
 
 Howell, Edw^ard, violoncellist, born in 
 London, February, 1846. F. R.A.M. Professor 
 of the violoncello at R.A.M., and R.C.M. 
 IMusician in ordinary to the Queen. Member 
 of the Philharmonic Society, and for many 
 years principal violoncellist in its orchestra; 
 holds the same position in the Leeds Festival 
 orchestra fr^m 18S0 ; and at the meetings of 
 the Three Choirs. Is widely known as soloist 
 and quartet player. Appeared at the Crystal 
 Palace Concerts for the first time, October 27, 
 
210 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HOWELL. 
 
 1883, as soloist in Goltermann's third violon- 
 cello Concerto. Author of a " First Book for 
 the Violoncello" (from Romberg), etc. 
 
 Howell, Francis, composer, son of James 
 Howell, born in 1834 ; died, October 28, 1882. 
 He was blind from 1881. Composer of " The 
 Land of Promise," oratorio ; " Song of the 
 Months," cantata. Songs, etc. 
 
 Howell, James, double-bass player and 
 teacher, born at Plymouth, in 1811. He 
 studied at the R.A.M., under T. M. Mudie, 
 and studied the double-bass under Anfossi. 
 Professor of double-bass at the R.A.M. Mem- 
 ber of R.A.M. , etc. He died, London, August 
 6, 1879. His son, Akthue, was also a bass- 
 player. 
 
 Howell, Thomas, composer, writer, and 
 pianist, was born at Bristol in 1783. He was 
 a teacher at Bristol. Author of " Practical 
 instructions for the Pianoforte " [1816J ; 
 " Lessons in all major and minor keys, for 
 the pf.," n.d. ; " Six progressive sonatinas for 
 the pf." [1817] ; " Original instructions for 
 the Violin," Bristol, 1825 ; " Practical elemen- 
 tary examples for the violin" [1829] ; "Six 
 quartets, for 2 violins, and other instru- 
 ments," etc. 
 
 Howgate, John, masician, who issued 
 " Sacred Music : eighteen hymn and psalm 
 tunes," etc., Manchester [1810]. 
 
 Howgill, William, organist, born in the 
 18th century. He was organist at Whitehaven, 
 in 1794, and afterwards in London. Composer 
 of four Voliintaries . . . and six favourite 
 Psalm tunes [1820] ; Purcell's, or, the Welsh 
 ground, with one hundred variations for the 
 grand pf., London [1810] . 
 
 Howson, see Albertazzi, Emma. 
 
 Howson, George, earthenware manu- 
 facturer — a man whose work in the cause of 
 music deserves a word of record. With the 
 late J. W. Powell {ci-v.), he was a pioneer in 
 the work of elementary vocal teaching in 
 North Staffordshire, and in popularizing the 
 Sol-fa system. He gave up teaching many 
 years ago, but was always a warm supporter 
 of any movement for providing good music 
 for the people. He was president of the 
 Hanley Glee and Madrigal Society, and 
 founded a scholarship in connection with the 
 Tonic Sol-fa College, for the benefit of North 
 Staffordshire students. He died at Shelton, 
 Hanley, April 4, 1896, aged seventy-eight. 
 
 Hoyland, John, organist and composer, 
 born at Sheffield, 1783. He studied under 
 Mather of Sheffield, and became organist of 
 St. James' Church, Sheffield, in 1808 ; organist 
 of Parish Church, Louth, Lincoln, 1819. He 
 died January 18, 1827. Composer of anthems, 
 songs, and organ music. 
 
 His son, William, was also an organist. 
 
 Hoyle, John, musician, who flourished 
 about the middle of the 18th century, and 
 
 HUDSON. 
 
 died in 1797. Author of " Dictionarium Mu- 
 sics, being a complete Dictionary or Treasury 
 of Music," 1770. Other editions, 1790 and 
 1791. 
 
 Hoyte, William Stevenson, organist 
 and composer, born at Sidmouth, Devon, 
 September 22, 1844. Received instruction 
 from Sir J. Goss, and George Cooper. Organist 
 of St. Paul's, Hampstead ; All Saints', Kings 
 Lynn ; St. Paul's, Bow Common, 1862 ; St. 
 IMatthew's, City Road, 1864; Holy Trinity, 
 Westminster, 1865 ; and All Saints', Margaret 
 Street, from 1868 to the present. Has given - 
 organ recitals at the Alexandra Palace ; the 
 Royal Albert Hall ; in Glasgow, and other 
 places ; and has also appeared with success 
 as a pianist. For some years examiner to 
 College of Organists : Professor of organ at 
 R.C.M., from 1888; at R.A.M., 1893 ; and of 
 pianoforte at Guildhall School. ]\Iember of 
 the Philharmonic Society. He has composed 
 a " Book of Litanies, metrical and prose, 
 with an Evening service"; "The Choral office 
 for the solemnization of Holy Matrimony"; 
 Church music, various. Minuet and Trio, 
 orchestra, 1882 ; organ and pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Hubi,Qeorgeanne, seeNEwcoMBEjGEOR- 
 
 GEANNE H. 
 
 Huckel, William, musician, author of 
 " Practical instructions in the art of Singing," 
 London, 1845. " Practical instructions for 
 the cultivation of the Voice, with a series of 
 rules for its adaptation to the chamber, the 
 concert room, and the stage." London, n.d. 
 
 Huddart, Fanny, contralto vocalist, was 
 born in the first part of the present century. 
 She sang in Italian and English opera, and 
 in oratorio, in Loudon and the Provinces, 
 and had a high reputation in her day. She 
 was married to Mr. John Russell, of Drury 
 Lane Theatre. She died at London, June 28, 
 1880. 
 
 Hudson, Arthur, violinist and composer, 
 born at Hull. Studied at R.A.M. Resided 
 for some time at Clifton, Bristol ; now settled 
 as professor of his instrument at Hull. He 
 has composed a Sonata, a Romance, and 
 other pieces for violin and pf , which have 
 been performed at Bristol, etc. 
 
 His brother, John William Hudson, born 
 at Hull, is organist of St. James's Church 
 there, and is the composer of a string Quartet 
 in A minor ; a Trio for pf. and strings, pro- 
 duced at Hall, Bristol, etc. 
 
 Hudson, Robert, composer and vocalist, 
 born February 25, 1732. He studied under 
 Charles King, and was originally a tenor 
 singer in Marylebone and Ranelagh Gardens, 
 London, but in 1755 became assistant or- 
 ganist of St. Mildred, Bread Street, London. 
 He next became vicar-choral of St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, in 1756 ; Gentleman of the Chapel 
 Royal, 1758 ; Almoner and master of the 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 211 
 
 HUGHES. 
 
 children of St. Paul's, 1773-93 ; and music- 
 master of Christ's Hospital. He died at 
 Eton, December 19, 1815. He composed 
 services, anthems, hymns, and glees, and 
 edited " The Myrtle, a collection of new Eng- 
 lish Songs," in three books, 1767. 
 
 His daughter, Mary, was organist of St. 
 Olave, Hart Street ; St. Gregory, Old Fish 
 Street, 1790-1801. She died in London, March 
 28, 1801. Composer of a few hymns. 
 
 Hughes, David, baritone vocalist, born 
 at Landore, Swansea, in 1863. After singing 
 with success at local concerts, he entered the 
 R.A.M., studying under IManuel Garcia, and 
 winning the Parepa-Rosa (1887), Evill (1889), 
 Leslie Crotty (1890), and other prizes. He 
 made his debut at the Monday Popular Con- 
 certs, Bristol, March 10, 1890, and speedily 
 won for himself an honourable position. He 
 has been heard at the principal oratorio con- 
 certs, etc. 
 
 Hughes, Mrs. F. J., authoress of " Har- 
 iftonies of Tones and Colours developed by 
 Evolution," London, 1883, illustrated. Ap- 
 pendix, 1885. 
 
 Hughes, Q. A., musician and teacher, 
 author of Instruction Book for the Pianoforte 
 or Organ for the Blind, London, 1848. Con- 
 gregational Psalmody, 1843. 
 
 Hughes, J., author of " Young Student's 
 Musical Definitions, London, 1877. 
 
 Hughes, Joseph, harpist, born in North 
 Wales. In 1839, published a collection of 
 Welsh airs, partly arranged, partly composed 
 by himself. Soon afterwards, this promising 
 young harpist and musician went to America, 
 and was accidently drowned in the Hudson. 
 
 Hughes, Richard Samuel, i^ianist and 
 composer, born at Aberystwith, July 14, 1855, 
 Studied at R.A.M. Organist at the Inde- 
 pendent Chapel, Bethesda, near Bangor. 
 Published a Cantata, The Shepherds of Beth- 
 leham, anthems, part-songs, and a number 
 of very popular songs. In this last respect 
 he has been called " The Sullivan of Wales." 
 He was an able executant, and well known 
 throughout the Principality. He died at 
 Bethesda, March 5, 1893. 
 
 Hullah, John Pyke,composerand teacher, 
 born at Worcester, June 27, 1812. He studied 
 under W. Horsley, 1829, and at the R.A.M., 
 in 1832. Visited Paris, and adopted Wilhem's 
 method of vocal instruction. Musical in- 
 structor in Sir James Kay Shuttleworth's 
 {then Dr. Kay) Training College, Battersea, 
 1840. Taught music to schoolmasters in 
 Exeter Hall, London, 1841. Established 
 classes in St. Martin's Hall, 1847-50. Pro- 
 fessor of vocal music, King's College, London, 
 1844-74 ; do. Queen's College, London, and 
 Bedford College. Organist of Charterhouse, 
 London, 1858. Conductor at R.A.M., 1870-73. 
 Musical Inspector of Training Schools for 
 
 HUME. 
 
 United Kingdom, 1872 — retired 1883. LL.D., 
 Edinburgh, 1876. Member of Society of St. 
 Cecilia, Rome, 1877, and of Music Academy of 
 Florence. He died at London, February 21, 
 1884. 
 
 Works. — Operettas : The village coquettes 
 (Dickens) ; The outpost ; The barbers of Bar- 
 sora. Singer's library of Concerted Music — 
 Secular and sacred series, 6 vols. Whole book 
 of Psalms, with the canticles and hymns of 
 the Church, for morning and evening servicQ 
 . . . London, 1844. Fifty-eight English songs, 
 by composers chiefly of the 17th and 18th 
 centuries. Songs: Come forth from thy 
 bower ; Home of our youth ; One look of love ; 
 Free companion ; Joy cometh in the morning ; 
 Message from the battlefield ; The storm. 
 Motets, anthems, concerted vocal music, etc. 
 Method of teaching singing, by Wilhem, 
 London, 1842 ; do., revised and reconstructed 
 edition, 1850. Grammar of vocal music, 
 founded on Wilhem's method, 1843. Duty 
 and advantages of learning to sing, London, 
 1846. Grammar of musical harmony, 1853 ; 
 Exercises for do., 1873 ; new edit., 1873. 
 Music in the parish church, a lecture, Lon- 
 don, 1856. History of modern mi;sic : a course 
 of lectures delivered at the Royal Institution 
 of Great Britain, 1862 (2 editions). Lectures 
 on the third or transition period of musical 
 history, London, 1865; 2nd edit., 1876. The 
 Song book, words and tunes from the best 
 poets and musicians, 1866. Cultivation of the 
 speaking voice, Oxford, 1870 ; another edition, 
 1874. Grammar of counterpoint. Rudiments 
 of musical grammar, n.d. Notation : Brief 
 direction concerning the choice, adjustment, 
 etc., of the musical alphabet, 1876. Time and 
 tune in the elementary school ; new method 
 of teaching vocal music and exercises, 1877. 
 Music in the house (Art at Home series), 
 1877. Exercises for the cultivation of the 
 voice, 2 parts, n.d. How can a sound know- 
 ledge of music be generally disseminated ? 
 London, Longman, 1878. Reports to Govern- 
 ment on progress of musical education in 
 schools. Contributions to periodical litera- 
 ture. See "Life of John Hullah, by his 
 wife," London, 1886. 
 
 HuUey, William Frederick, organist 
 and composer. Conductor of Choral and 
 Orchestral Societies, Swansea, and organist 
 of St. David's, Roman Catholic Church in 
 that town. He is the composer of two comic 
 operas, "The Coastguard," produced, 1886; 
 and " The Rustic," produced, 1888, at Swan- 
 sea. 
 
 Hume, Alexander, composer and minor 
 poet, born at Edinburgh, February 7, 1811. 
 Engaged in business and teaching in Edin- 
 burgh and Glasgow. He died at Glasgow, 
 February 4, 1859. 
 
 Works. — The English Hymn Tune Book, 
 
212 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 HUME. 
 
 containing two hundred and four of the most 
 common hymns used in England: arranged 
 for four voices, Edinburgh, n.d. Anthems 
 and Sacred Songs, containing fifty-four pieces, 
 Edinburgh, n.d. Gall's Psalm and Hymn 
 Book, Edinburgh, 1842. Six sensible songs. 
 Songs : Af ton Water ; My ain dear Nell ; The 
 Scottish emigrant's farewell, etc. Glees and 
 duets. Poems, various. Hume's version of 
 *' Afton Water" is now the one almost univers- 
 ally sung to Burns' song. 
 
 Hume, J. Ord, bandmaster and composer, 
 born in Edinburgh, September 14, 1864. He 
 joined the Duke of Buccleugh's Dalkeith 
 Militia when eleven years old, and became 
 solo cornet a year later, studying under Alex- 
 ander ]\Iiller. When sixteen he went to the 
 band of the Royal Scots Greys as solo cornet, 
 and remained with the regiment until 1887. 
 He was then appointed organist of the Military 
 Presbyterian Church, Aldershot, and band- 
 master of Aldershot Town, and Farnham 
 Institute bands. After holding various other 
 appointments, he became bandmaster of the 
 3rd V.B. , Durham Light Infantry, Sunderland. 
 He is also professional teacher to many bands 
 in the district ; and in a contest held at New- 
 castle-on-Tyne, November 16, 1895, his bands 
 carried off the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, and divided 
 the 6th and 7th prizes. As an adjudicator, he 
 has had much work, and headed the list in 
 1895. He has written upwards of 500 pieces, 
 and is the principal writer for A. Haigh's 
 Brass Band Journal, and The Cornet Band 
 Journal. A book of sixteen marches by him 
 is published Ijy Rudall Carte & Co. 
 
 Hume.Tobias, English military officer and 
 musician, was a performer on the viol-da- 
 gamba, and a colonel in the army. Died in 
 the Charterhouse, London, 1645, He wrote 
 "The First Part of Ayres, French, Polli.sh, 
 and others together, some in Tabliture and 
 some in Pricke," 1605; "Captain Hume's 
 Poeticall Musickc, principally made for two 
 Basse Violls, yet so construed that it may be 
 plaied eight several waies, upon sundrie 
 instruments, with much facilitie," 1607. 
 
 Hume, William, composer and editor, 
 son of Alexander Hume, born at Edinburgh, 
 September 25, 1830. Settled in Glasgow as 
 teacher of violin and singing. Editor of 
 musical publications of Mr. Hamilton, Glas- 
 gow ; Gall and Inglis, Edinburgh ; and Par- 
 lane, Paisley. For some years, from 1872, 
 musical critic of The Bailie, Glasgow, and 
 contributor to various musical journals. His 
 compositions include the cantatas: The call 
 to battle ; Blind Bartimeus ; and Psalm 67, 
 for treble voices. A motet for soli and chorus. 
 Answer me, burning stars of night (Hemans); 
 Anthems, songs, and part-songs. Editor of 
 Union Sacred Tune-book ; The Westminster 
 Wesleyan Tune-book ; Psalm and Hymn 
 
 HUNT. 
 
 tunes, with supplement of anthems ; Harmo- 
 nium Tune-book, etc. 
 
 Humphrey, Pelham, or Humfrey, com- 
 poser, was born in 1647. Chorister in the 
 Chapel Royal, under Henry Cook, 1660, and 
 a pupil of Lulli, at Paris, in 1664. Gentleman 
 of the Chapel Royal, 1667. Master of Chor- 
 isters, do., 1672. He died at Windsor, July 
 14, 1674. 
 
 Works. — Anthems and Services in collec- 
 tions of Clifford, Boyce, Tudway, etc. ; Haste 
 Thee, O God ; Have mercy upon me ; Hear, 
 heavens; Like as the hart ; Lord, teach us; 
 O Lord my God ; Rejoice in the Lord ; Thou 
 art my King, God. Odes on the King's 
 Birthday, and on New Year's Day. Songs in 
 various collections, etc. 
 
 Humphries, John, composer and violin- 
 ist of the 18th century ; died in 1730. 
 
 Works. — 12 Concertos in seven parts, for 
 2 violins and violoncello obligato, etc., op. 2. 
 12 Concertos in seven parts, for the following 
 instruments : one for 2 trumpets and kettle- 
 drums ; two for 2 hautboys and violins, etc., 
 op. 3. 
 
 Hunnis, William, musician and author 
 of the 16th century. He was a Gentleman 
 of the Chapel Royal in the time of Edward 
 VI., but was dismissed by Mary for his part 
 in plots against the Roman Catholics. On 
 the accession of Elizabeth, he was reinstated 
 at the Chapel Royal, and became custodian 
 of gardens and orchards at Greenwich, 1562 ; 
 and master of the children of the Chapel 
 Royal, in succession to Edwardes, 1566. He 
 died on June 6, 1597. 
 
 Works. — Certayne Psalms chosen out of 
 the Psalter of David and drawen furth into 
 English meter, London, 1549. A hyve full 
 hunnye, containing the first booke of Moses, 
 called Genesis, turned into Englishe meetre, 
 Loudon, 1578. Seven sobs of a sorrowful 
 soule for sinne, . . whereunto are annexed 
 his handfull of honisuckles, London, 1583; 
 also 1585, 1587, 1621, etc. Hunnies' recrea- 
 tions, containing foure Godlie and compen- 
 dious discourses, London, 1588. Music in 
 MS., preserved in the Music School of Oxford. 
 
 Hunt, Anna, see Thillon, Anna. 
 
 Hunt, Arabella, vocalist and lutenist of 
 the 17th century. She was attached to the 
 family of Queen Mary, as a teacher, and was 
 much esteemed as a performer. Blow, Pur- 
 cell, and other musicians were among her 
 friends, and poems on her were written by 
 Congreve and H ghes. She died on Decem- 
 ber 26, 1705. Kneller painted her portrait. 
 
 Hunt, Rev. Henry George Bonavia, 
 writer on music, born at INIalta, June 30, 1847. 
 Privately educated in music. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, 1876, Oxford ; Mus. Bac. and 
 Mus. Doc, Dublin, 1887. F.R.S.E., L.T.C L. 
 Choirmaster, South Hackney Parish Church, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 213 
 
 HUNT. 
 
 1872-5. Warden of Trinity College, London, 
 1872-92; Professor of Musical History, 1876- 
 87 ; and Professor Emeritus, 1892. Appoiuted 
 Curate and evening preacher, St. James's, 
 Piccadilly, 1884 ; Incuinbent of St. Paul's, 
 Kilburn, 1887. His compositions are, " The 
 Angels' Song," and Psalm 133, for soli, chorus 
 and orciiestra (degree exercises) ; an Evening 
 Service, and anthems. Author of Concise 
 History of Music for the use o"f Students, 
 Cambridge, Deighton, Bell, and Co., 1878, 
 now in its 13th edition. Also, of many papers 
 read at Trinity College, London ; at the 
 Social Science Congress, 1883, etc. 
 
 Hunt, John, organist and coniposer, born 
 at Marnhull, Dorset, December 30, 1806. 
 Chorister of Salisbury Cathedral from 1813, 
 and afterwards articled to A. T. Corfe. He 
 was educated at Salisbury Grammar School 
 till 1827, and in that j^ear he became 
 lay-vicar of Lichfield Caihedral, where he 
 remained till 1835. He became organist of 
 Hareford cathedral in succession to S. Wesley 
 in 1835. Died at Hareford, November 17, 
 1842, from the results of an accident at an 
 audit dinner. 
 
 A collection of his songs, with a memoir, 
 was issued in 1843. 
 
 Hunt, Thomas, composer of the 16th 
 century, who wrote the madrigal, " Hark ! 
 did you ever heare so sweet a singing,"' for 
 six voices, in the " Triumphs of Oriana." 
 Beyond tnis there is nothing known about 
 liim, though it is stated he was a bachelor of 
 music. 
 
 Hunt, T., musician, compiler of a "Selec- 
 tion of 40 Sacred Llelodies, adapted to the 
 Psalms . . . n.d. 
 
 tinnt, William Henry, composer and 
 teacher of singing, born in London, in 1852. 
 Educated at the Cooper's School, Ratcliffe, 
 and was for years teacher of general subjects 
 in different schools. About 1875, he went to 
 Birkenhead as school master, and gradually 
 drifted into the profession of music, an art 
 he liad studied since his twelfth year. He 
 was mostly self-taught. In 1880, he graduated 
 Mus. Bac. , London, being with H. K. Lloore 
 (q.v.), thefirst recipientof thatdegree; and took 
 the Mus. Doc. in 1886. He was a busy worker 
 up to the spring of 1894, when he was smitten 
 with paralysis. Ho rallied for a time, but 
 died at Birkenhead, December 6, 1894. His 
 works include a Stahat Mater for soli, eight- 
 part chorus, and orchestra ; Church services 
 and anthems. Two comic Operas, " Rumtifoo, 
 or wrecked on a Princess," and " Utopia, or 
 the finger of fate," produced, Birkeuhad, May 
 4, 1891 ; a number of songs; studies and ex- 
 ■ercises for pf. , etc. 
 
 Hunter, Thomas Munro, vocal teacher 
 and tenor singer, was born at Alloa, N B., in 
 1820. He settled as a teacher and concert- 
 
 HUTCHESON. 
 
 giver in Edinburgh, and became precentor of 
 various churches. He was well-known in 
 Edinburgh as a teacher of singing in schools, 
 for which he wrote various elementary col- 
 lections of exercises and songs. He died at 
 Edinburgh, July 16, 1886, from the effects of 
 a gig accident. 
 
 Huntley, George Frederic, organist and 
 composer, born at Datchet, Bucks, May 31, 
 1859. Studied under Dr. Keeton, C. Hancock, 
 Mud Sir G. Elvey, at St. Ceorge's Chapel, 
 Windsor. Graduated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 
 1887 ; Mus. Doc, 1894. Organist and Choir- 
 master successively at St. George's, Kensing- 
 ton, 1880; St. Andrew's, Westminster, 1890; 
 Newcastle Cathedral, 1894 ; and St. Peter's, 
 Eaton Square, J;ondon, 1895. Conducted 
 Annual Festivals of Association of Kensiugtoa 
 Church Choirs, and was also conductor of 
 Staines Choral Society, Twickenham Sym- 
 phony Society ; holding at present the con- 
 iluctorship of the Church Orchestral Society. 
 While at Newcastle-on-Tyne he revived the 
 orchestral services in the Cathedral, in 1894, 
 and produced, for the first time there, Bach's 
 Matthew Passion, in Holv Week, 1895. He 
 is A.R.C.M., L.R.A.M., and F.R.C.O. His 
 compositions comprise an Oratorio, Dies 
 Domini ; Cantatas, " Lord I will praise 
 Thee," " Saint George for England " (pro- 
 duced, Crystal Palace). Festival Te Deum. 
 Anthems, services, and hymns. Operettas^ 
 " The white Cat," " The wild Swans." Can- 
 tata, " Victoria, or the Bard's Prophecy, 1897. 
 
 Husband, Rev. Edward, amateurorganist 
 and composer, vicar of St. Michael's, Folke- 
 stone. He has given many organ recitals in 
 his church ; also lectures on Church music ; 
 and is the composer of an evening service, 
 anthem, etc. Editor of " Supplemental tunes 
 to popular hymns," Novello [1882] . 
 
 Husk, William Henry, musician and 
 writer, was born at London, November 4, 
 1814, and died at London, August 12, 1887. 
 He was librarian to the late Sacred Harmonic 
 Society. Author of " An account of the ]\Iusi- 
 cal Celebrations on St. Cecilia's Day, in the 
 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, to which is 
 appended a collection of Odes on St. Cecilia's 
 Day," London, 1857 ; " Songs of the Nativity, 
 being Christmas carols, ancient and modern, 
 several of which appear for the first time in a 
 collection, edited with notes," London, n.d. 
 [1866] ; "Catalogues of the library of the 
 Sacred Harmonic Society," 1853, 1862, and 
 1872; Contributions to Sir G. Grove's "Dic- 
 tionary of Musicians." Numerous prefaces to 
 Word Books of oratorios, and other pieces, etc., 
 
 Hutcheson, Charles, composer, born at 
 Glasgow, 1792. He was a merchant in Glas- 
 gow, where he died in 1858. He published 
 " Christian Vespers," Glasgow, 1832, con- 
 taining hymn-tunes harmonized, in 3 and 4 
 
214 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 HUTCHESON. 
 
 parts, with an introductory essay on church 
 music. He was one of the founders of the 
 Glasgow Dilletanti Society. 
 
 Hutcheson, Francis, Francis Ireland, 
 composer, born at Glasgow, in 1720. Son of 
 Professor Hutcheson. He was educated at 
 Glasgow and Dublin, and graduated B.A., 
 1745 ; M.A., 1748, and M.D., Dublin, 1762. 
 He died in 1780. Composer of glees and 
 catches, under the pseudonym of Francis 
 Ireland, of which a number appeared in 
 Warren's " Vocal Harmony." He gained 
 prizes from the Catch Club, in 1772 and 1773. 
 His best remembered glees are " How sleep 
 the brave," " Where weeping yews," " Jolly 
 Bacchus," etc. 
 
 Hutchinson, Cecilia Mary, soprano 
 •vocalist, born in India. Studied in France, 
 and Italy, and under Joseph Robinson, Dub- 
 lin, and Alfred Blume, London. She made 
 her debut at a special Saturday Concert at the 
 Crystal Palace, May 21, 1881 ; at the Monday 
 Popular Concerts, January 9, 1882 ; and 
 appeared at the principal provincial concerts. 
 Her Festival debttt was at Worcester, 1884 ; 
 and she created the soprano part in Cowen's 
 "Sleeping Beauty," at the Birmingham 
 Festival of 1885 ; and sang at the Leeds 
 'Festival, 1886. She has done much to popu- 
 larise the delicate songs of Berlioz, " Les 
 Nuits d'Ete." 
 
 Hutchinson, Joseph T., baritone vocal- 
 ist, born in London, July 12, 1849. Began 
 his musical career as lay-vicar of Salisbury 
 Cathedral, to which he was appointed when 
 twenty-one years of age. At the end of a year 
 - he returned to London, and entered the R. A.M., 
 studying singing under Manuel Garcia, and 
 elocution with Walter Lacy. Appointed suc- 
 cessively sub-professor, assistatit-professor, 
 and professor ; and elected A.R.A.IM. Gave 
 concerts, and sang in cantatas and oratorio 
 in various parts of the country, his most con- 
 spicuous successes being in Barnett's Ancient 
 Mariner, and Macfarren's Lady of the Lake, 
 and oratorios. He is co-translator, with 
 ■ Windeyer Clark, of Gounod's Commentary on 
 Mozart's "Don Giovanni" (R. Cocks, 1895). 
 
 Hutchinson, Thomas, organist and 
 composer. ^lusically educated at Durham 
 Cathedral. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1879 ; Mus. 
 Doc, 1894, Oxford. Organist at Silksworth 
 Church, Sunderland, up to 1896, when he was 
 •appointed to Darlington Parish Church. His 
 compositions include cantatas, "The Re- 
 deemer," and, "The Children of the Cap- 
 tivity " ; Anthems ; Te Deum and Jiibilate in 
 E flat ; Services, various ; Pieces for organ, 
 and pf. Songs: Lovelight ; Silver shadows; 
 Fetters of gold, etc. 
 
 Hutchison, Q. B., authorof "Shorthand 
 ■IMusic ; an easy and rapid method of writing 
 music," London, n.d. 
 
 HYDE. 
 
 Hutchison, M. J., author of a " Treatise 
 
 on IMusic," London [1847]. 
 
 Hutchison, William Marshall, com- 
 poser, born at Glasgow, May 28, 1854. His- 
 works include: " The Story of Elaine," and 
 " Story of Naomi and Ruth," cantatas ; 
 "H.R.H.," and "Glamour," comic operas. 
 Also songs : Dream faces ; Ehron on the 
 Rhine ; Pierrot ; ]\Iine again ; Little IMandarin ; 
 Part-songs, pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Hutt, William, organist and teacher, was 
 a chorister at Westminster Abbey, under 
 J. Turle. Since 1865, he has been organist of 
 Winchester College, master of the choristers, 
 and music master. In this retired sphere he 
 has done much valuable work in the cause of 
 musical education. 
 
 Huxtable, Anthony, Christopher, and 
 William, a family of English musicians who 
 flourished about the middle of this century. 
 Anthony, born in 1818, was a violinist and 
 teacher ; Christopher, his son, an organist and 
 violinist, composed much dance music; and 
 William, a harpist, pianist, etc. 
 
 Hyam, Lottie, pianist, born in Sydney, 
 New South Wales, 1864. At the Sydney 
 International Exhibition, opened September 
 17, 1879, she was engaged by Messrs. Steinway 
 to give a series of recitals upon their piano- 
 fortes. Resident in Sydney, she has become 
 known as one pf the best pianists in that city. 
 
 Hyde. Four generations of musicians. 
 The first of the name, James, was a trumpet- 
 player of some renown. Trumpeter to the 
 Duke of York, and author of works for the 
 trumpet ; and probably the Hyde who intro- 
 duced an improvement in the instrument by 
 a small slide, sometime before 1812. His 
 name appeared in the Birmingham Festival 
 orchestra several times from 1802. His son, 
 James Hyde, was also a clever performer on 
 the trumpet, and a composer of popular 
 ballads, one of which, " Edwy and Sue," was 
 sung by Braham. He settled in Manchester, 
 and bis name figured in the Birmingham 
 Festival band list from 1811. His son, James 
 Hyde, was a violinist and teacher of the 
 pianoforte, for many years resident in Bir- 
 mingham. His son, James Hyde, born in 
 Birmingham, 1849, is a violinist, conductor, 
 and composer. Pupil of his father, and then 
 of Henry Hayward, for violin, and Andrew 
 Deakin for organ and harmony. Up to 1870 
 he was actively engaged as teacher, soloist, 
 and musical director in his native town. In 
 1870 he removed to London, and was conduc- 
 tor at the Royalty Theatre. He went to 
 South Africa in 1875 as conductor of the 
 Turner Opera Company. For some time he 
 resided at King William's Town, and is now 
 settled at Johannesburg, where he is musical 
 director of the Wanderer's Club, which has a 
 concert room and opera house. He has com- 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 215 
 
 lEUAN. 
 
 posed cantatas, many songs (The Land of 
 ■ Good Hope, etc.), and pf. pieces, beside a vast 
 number of arrangements. His wife, nee Kate 
 Leipold, is an excellent pianist, and fre- 
 quently assists at recitals, etc. Florence 
 .Hyde, a sister, was drowned at Bath, in June, 
 1879, through the capsizing of a boat. She 
 was a member of the Carl Rosa and D'Oyly 
 Carte companies, and a very promising young 
 singer. 
 
 leuan, Qlan Alarch, see Mills, Rev. 
 John. 
 
 leuan, Qwyllt, see Roberts, Rev. John. 
 
 leuan, Dhu, sec Thomas, John L. 
 
 Iliffe, Frederick, composer, organist, and 
 conductor, born at Smeeton-Westerby, Leices- 
 ter, February 21, 1847. Was privately educa- 
 ted in music, and filled his first appointment 
 as organist at St. Wilfred's, Kibworth.. In 
 1883 he was appointed organist and choir- 
 master of St. John's College, Oxford, an office 
 he still holds. He was also, for some time, 
 from 1878, organist of St. Barnabas', Oxford. 
 He graduated Mus. Bac, 1873; Mus. Doc, 
 1879, Oxford ; also M.A. Since 1888 he has 
 been conductor of the Queen's College (Egles- 
 field) Musical Society. For this Society 
 important works have been expressly composed 
 by Dr. Bridge, Professor Prout, Dr. INIee, the 
 subject of this notice, and others ; and it has 
 a musical record, since 1871, unequalled by 
 any other college society. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, The Visions of St. John 
 the Divine, composed 1879, published 1880 ; 
 Evening Service in D, for men's voices ; An- 
 glican chant settings for the whole of the 
 Canticles; Short and easy anthems for parish 
 choirs, etc. Lara, cantata for men's voices 
 and orchestra, produced. Queen's College 
 Musical Society, May, 1885; Sweet Echo 
 (]\Iilton) for eight-part chorus and orchestra, 
 Cheltenham Festival, 1893 ; Morning, a Pas- 
 toral (Rev. Canon Bell) for soprano solo, 
 chorus, and orchestra, the same, 1896. Con- 
 cert overture in E ; Festal overture in D, 
 Oxford, May, 1894, Birmiugham (Stockley), 
 1895 ; Serenade in G, strings, Queen's Col- 
 lege, 1884. Prelude and fugue for organ ; 
 Sonata, and other pieces for pf., etc. Autlior 
 of a Critical Analysis of Bach's Das Wohltem- 
 ■perirte Clavier, in four parts, Novello, 1896. 
 
 Immyns, John, attorney and lutenist, 
 born early in the 18th century. Member of 
 Academy of Ancient !Music. Amanuensis to 
 Dr. Pepusch. Established the Madrigal 
 Society, 1741. Lutenist to Chapel Royal, 
 1752. He died at London, April 15, 1764. 
 His son John was organist of Surrey Chapel, 
 London, and died in 1794. 
 
 Incledon, Charles, tenor vocalist, born 
 at St. Keverne, Cornwall, 1763; baptized Ben- 
 jamin on February 5th. Son of a physician. 
 
 IONS. 
 
 Articled pupil to W. Jackson, Exeter, under 
 whom he was a Chorister in the Cathedral. 
 Sailor on board H.M.S. "Formidable," 1779- 
 83. Recommended as singer to Colman by 
 Lord Admiral Hervey, but services declined. 
 Member of Collins' Dramatic Company at 
 Southampton, 1784. Appeared at Bath, 1785. 
 Pupil for a time of Rauzzini, at Bath. Sang 
 in Vauxhall Gardens, 1788. Debut in "The 
 Poor Soldier " at Covent Garden Theatre, 
 London, 1790. Travelled much in the Prov- 
 inces. Retired from Covent Garden, 1815. 
 Appeared in North America, 1817. Resided 
 at Brighton. He died at Worcester, Feb. 11, 
 1826, and is buried at Hampstead, London. 
 
 His son Charles (1791-1865) was also a tenor 
 singer. 
 
 Ingham, James, musician, compiled 
 "National Chant Book," London, 1848, also 
 1849; " Psalter, pointed for Chanting," Lon- 
 don, 1856, 3rd. ed. 
 
 Ingham, Richard, composer and organ- 
 ist, was born in 1804. He was organist of 
 Parish Church, Gateshead ; Carlisle Cathe- 
 dral, 1833; and died in June, 1841. Composer 
 of some vocal music; "Titania's Lullaby," 
 round [1840], etc. 
 
 Inglott, William, organist and composer, 
 was bora in 1554. Hu was organist of Nor- 
 wich Cathedral, 1608. Died in December, 
 1621.- ]\Ieutioned as one of ihe greatest of 
 early English organists. Biography obscure. 
 
 Ingram, Thomas, musician, wlio was 
 orginist of Chapel Royal at Brighton. He 
 flourished 1810-51. Author of " Choral Class 
 Book, or Singer's Manual, containing easy 
 and progressive exercises," London, 1851 ; and 
 compiler of " Twenty-five Select Psalm Tunes, 
 ancient and modern. . . . , as used in Brighton 
 College, Lotidon, 1848 ; " Select Chants ar- 
 ranged for four voices," London, 1851. 
 
 Inverarity, Eliza, ^Irs. !Martyn, soprano 
 vocalist, born Edinburgh, Jifarch 23, 1813. 
 Grand-niece of Robert Fergusson, the poet. 
 She studied under Mr. Tliorne, of Edinburgh, 
 then under Mr. Alex. ^lurray, at whose con- 
 cert in 1829 she first appeared. On December 
 14, 1830, she sang in London in "Cinderella," 
 and in 1836 she married Charles Marty u, a 
 bass singer and composer With him she 
 appeared in opera in the United States and 
 in England. In 1839 she sang in New York 
 in Beethoven's "Fidelio." She died at New- 
 castle-on-Tyne, December 27, 1846. She com- 
 posed some ballads. 
 
 Ions, Thomas, organist and composer, 
 eldest son of James Ions, j)late-glass manu- 
 facturer, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, born August 
 19, 1817. Displayed musical talent very early, 
 and studied locally under j\Iunro, ]\Iarr, Ing- 
 ham, and Thompson ; and later, under Mos- 
 cheles. In 1833, was appointed Ingham's 
 successor at St. Mary's Parish Church, Gates- 
 
216 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 IONS. 
 
 head, after competition. His youthful appear- 
 ance, when presented to the judges, caused 
 them to think a mistake had been made, and 
 he was required to repeat a fugue by Bach, 
 and a Handel chorus, while they looked on in 
 admiration. The next year he was elected, by 
 the Mayor and Corporation, organist of St. 
 Nicholas', Newcastle, on the death of his 
 teacher, Thomas Thompson. This post he 
 retained till his death. He was conductor of 
 Newcastle and Gateshead Choral Society ; 
 and in 1835 established the Amateur Glee 
 Club, and Subscription Concerts. Chorus- 
 master, and assistant conductor (under Sir 
 Geo. Smart), Newcastle Festival, 1842. Gradu- 
 ated Mus. Bac, 1848 ; Mus. Doc, 1854, 
 Oxford. Conductor of Newcastle Sacred Har- 
 monic Society, founded 1848. Public testi- 
 monial, 1855. Died suddenly, while driving 
 home after teaching at Gateshead, September 
 25, 1857. In 1860, as a memorial to him, the 
 great east window of St. Nicholas' Church 
 was restored, and filled with stained glass at a 
 cost of £1,000, subscribed by his admiring 
 townspeople. 
 
 Works. — Cantata, Prayer and thanks- 
 giving, eight-part chorus and orchestra ; Ps. 
 137, six voices and orchestra; Services in C, 
 A, and E flat ; anthems, motets, etc. A 
 Christmas madrigal. Musical Times. January, 
 1849; part-songs, songs, pf. music, etc. Editor 
 of Cantica Ecclesiastica : a complete volume 
 of congregational music, 1849, to which he 
 contributed many tunes, chants, etc. 
 
 Ions, William Jamson, brother of the 
 preceding, born at Newcastlo-on-Tyne, Nov- 
 ember 3, 1833. Entered the choir of St. 
 Nicholas' at age of nine ; articled to his 
 brother in 1849, and appointed assistant 
 organist, 1850. Studied in Germany, 1852-4, 
 including matters relating to the construction 
 and voicing of large organs. Returning to 
 Newcastle, he devoted himself chiefly to the 
 improvement of Church music and Church 
 organs. On the death of his brother, he was 
 appointed organist of St. Nicholas' Church. 
 He worked with Rev. Dr. J. B. Dykes in com- 
 piling and improving the service books for use 
 at the Festivals of Choirs in the Northern 
 diocese ; was made a Life Governor of the 
 Northern Counties' Orphanage, 1864, for his 
 improvements in the music there. Was active 
 in promoting the Festival held in St. Nich- 
 olas' (now the Cathedral) Church, July, 1883, 
 when Dr. Gladstone's oratorio, " Philippi," 
 was produced. Designed the new organ, 
 opened in 1891 ; was publicly presented with 
 a Testimonial, 1893 ; and retired from active 
 duty, 1894, after more than half-a-century 
 spent in the service of the Church. This 
 step was caused by the affliction of deafness. 
 Mr. Ions has composed anthems, services, and 
 other Church music. 
 
 ISIDOR. 
 
 Ireland, Edmund, musician, compiled 
 "Tunes of the Psalms, in two parts," York, 
 1699 ; 2nd edition, issued as " The most useful 
 Tunes of the Psalms," York, 1713. 
 
 Ireland, Francis, see Hutcheson, Fran- 
 cis. 
 
 Irons, Herbert Stephen, organist and 
 composer, born at Canterbury, January 19, 
 1834. His father was a lay-vicar at the Cathe- 
 dral ; and Sir George and Stephen Elvey 
 were his uncles. Chorister in Canterbury 
 Cathedral, 1844-49 ; Precentor and master of 
 choristers, St. Columba College, Ireland, 
 1856-57 ; organist of Southwell INIinster, 1857- 
 72. In 1872 he became assistant organist of 
 Chester Cathedral. Now resident in Notting- 
 ham, and organist of St. Andrew's Church, 
 since 1876. He has published a Te Deum 
 and Jubilate ; several anthems, an evening 
 hymn, and edited a collection of chants. 
 
 Isaac, Benjamin Ralph, pianist, born at 
 Liverpool (1818?) Pupil of a Mr. Molineux 
 in that city, and in 1836, of Cipriani Potter, 
 at R.A.M. A Ijrilliant performer. He settled 
 in his native place, and was shortly afterwards 
 elected an Associate, and then Fellow of the 
 R.A.M. He died, suddenly, at Southport, 
 January 9, 1881. 
 
 Isaacs, Rebecca, actress and vocalist, born 
 in Lo.idon, 1828. Sbe made her appearance 
 1834. Debut in opera, at Olympic Tlieatre, 
 i,ondon,in December 1836. RIarried Thomas 
 Roberts, acting manager. Sang with much 
 success in London and the provinces. She 
 died at London, April 21, 1877. 
 
 Isham, John, or Isum, organist and com- 
 poser, born in 1685. Deputy-organist to Dr. 
 Croft. Organist of St. Anne's, Soho, in suc- 
 cession to Croft, in 1711. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 
 1718. Organist of St. Andrew's, Holborn, 
 1718 ; also St. Margaret's, Westminster. He 
 died in June, 1726. 
 
 Works. — Church Services and Anthems ; 
 Songs, single and in collections; Catches 
 ]1710], etc 
 
 Isherwood, James Wright, tenor vocal- 
 ist and composer, born at Manchester, March 
 2, 1812. He was organist of St. Anne's, Man- 
 chester. Died at Manchester, October .30, 
 1854. He composed " The Soldier's Dream " 
 and "A Violet Blossomed"; Glees, produced 
 by the gentleman's glee club, Manchester. 
 His father, John Ishrrwood, was a bass vocal- 
 ist, and sang at the York Festival of 1823. 
 He was a member of the Manchester Phil- 
 harmonic Concerts, and frequently sang in 
 oratorio. Died at Manchester, October 29, 
 1849. 
 
 Isidor, Rosina, soprano vocalist, of Jewish 
 family. Made her debut at Her Majesty's 
 Theatre, October 23, 1880, in the title-part of 
 " Lucia di Lammermoor." Gave concerts in 
 1882. Illness, resulting in loss of sight, com- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 217 
 
 ITHURIEL. 
 
 pelled her retirement for some time ; but she 
 returned to the stage in 1885, at Modena. 
 She gave a concert at St. James's Hall, in 
 December, 1886 ; and appeard in Italian Opera 
 at Coveut Garden in 1887. 
 
 Ithuriel. See Coutts, W. G. 
 
 Ive, Simon, composer of the 17th century, 
 born 1600, died London, 1662. Lay-vicar of 
 St. Paul's Cathedral, and singing master in 
 London. Composed " The Triumph of Peace," 
 a masque by Shirley, 1633 (with H. and 
 W. Lawes). "Lamentation and Llourniug, 
 Elegy on the death of William Lawes." 
 Various compositions in Hilton's Catches, 
 Playford's Collection, etc. 
 
 Ivery, John, composer, born at Northam, 
 Hertford, in the second part of the 18th cen- 
 tury. Published "The Hertfordshire Melody, 
 or Psalm Singers Recreation, being a valuable 
 collection of Psalms, Hymns, Anthems, etc., 
 on various occasions, to which is prefixed a 
 new, concise, and easy introduction to the art 
 of singing, and a cojiious Dictionary of the 
 terms made use of in jMusic." London, 1773. 
 
 Ives, Joshua, organist and composer, born 
 at Hy^ie, Cheshire, 18.54. Studied under Dr. 
 J. F. Bridge, and Dr. Chipp ; graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Cambridge, ISSl. Organist, Anderston 
 Parish Church Glasgow, and Lecturer on 
 Music at the Glasgow Athenaeum. In 1884, 
 he was selected by Sir G. A. Macfarren and 
 Dr. Stainer to be Professor of ]\Iusic iu the 
 University of Adelaide, and was also appointed 
 city organist. Before leaving to take up his 
 duties iu Australia, he was the recipient of a 
 handsome testimonial from his pupils at the 
 Glasgow Athenfeum. He is the author of a 
 work on Harmony, has given Ice ures on 
 music, and coinposed church music, pieces 
 for organ, etc. 
 
 Ivimey. A family of musicians. Geoege 
 IviMEY, organist, born at Southampton, 1856. 
 Studied privately. F.R.C.O. Organist and 
 choirmaster, Holyrood Church, and Green- 
 side Parish Church, Southampton. His 
 daughter, Alice Ivimey, born at Southamp- 
 ton, is a pianist, and was educated musically 
 at the Conservatorium, Stuttgart. She made 
 her debut at Princes' Hall, London, 1894. 
 John William Ivimey, cousin of George, 
 was born at West Ham, Essex, September 12, 
 1868. Pupil of Henry Gadsby, and Corpora- 
 tion Exhibitioner, Guildhall School of Music. 
 F.R.C.O. and A.R.C.M. (for composition). In 
 1888 was appointed Assistant Music jMaster 
 at Wellington College, and in 1890 to a similar 
 post at Harrow School, which he resigned in 
 1893. From 1891 he has been organist and 
 choirmaster at St. Paul s, Onslow Square, 
 Kensington ; is bead of the j\Iusic Section of 
 the South- West London Polytechnic Institu- 
 tion ; and conductor of the London County 
 Council ]\Iusical Society, and South Kensing- 
 
 JACKSON. 
 
 ton Choral Society. His compositions com- 
 prise five comic operas: "Fairy Genesta " 
 (produced, Surbiton, 1892); " Y'lang Y'lang" 
 (Surbiton,1893); "The Red Rider" (MS., pro- 
 duced, St. George's Hall, London, 1894); and 
 " Marie Tanner " (MS., Cardiff, December, 
 1895) ; "The Lady Lawyer," Garrick Theatre, 
 London, March, 1897. He has also written a 
 Trio for Pf. and Strings (1889) ; a Rondo Pas- 
 torale for Violoncello and Pf., and some Pf. 
 pieces, etc. His brother, Joseph Ivimey, is 
 a violinist. He was born at West Ham, 1867. 
 Studied under Alfred Gibson, and was also a 
 Corporation Exhibitioner at the Guildhall 
 School. In 1888 he founded the Surbiton 
 Chamber Concerts, in connection with which 
 he has done valuable artistic work. He is also 
 conductor of Weybridge Orchestral Society. 
 
 Jack, David, vocalist and publisher, was 
 born at Edinburgh, February 16, 1824. He 
 edited and published the " Lyric Gems of 
 Scotland" (1854-58) and "The Casquct of 
 Lyric Gems" (1857), both collections of vocal 
 music. He gave many concerts in various 
 parts of Scotland. 
 
 Jackson, Arthur Herbert, composer 
 and pianist, born in 1852. He studied at the 
 R.A.M. ; Associate; Professor of Harmony 
 and Composition at R.A.M. He died, Lon- 
 don, September 27, 1881. 
 
 Works. — Choral ballad, Lord Ullin's 
 daughter ; Jason and the golden fleece, can- 
 tata (MS.) ; The bride of Abydos, overture ; 
 Intermezzo for orch. ; Violin concerto ; Ballet 
 suite for orch. ; Concerto for pf. and orch. ; 
 Magnificat for chorus and orch ; Two masses 
 for male voices ; Pf . music ; Songs and part- 
 songs. 
 
 Jackson, Frederick J., author of "The 
 Construction of the Musical Scale, as deter- 
 mined by the arithmetical evolution of its 
 measures or ratios." London [1869]. 
 
 Jackson, Q. K., musician, author of 
 " First principles, or a treatise on practical 
 Thorough-bass, with general rules for its 
 composition and modulation," op. 5. Lon- 
 don [1795]. Other musical works, as "Three 
 songs and duets," op. 3 ; Sonatas for pf., etc. 
 
 Jackson, Jane, see sub. Roeckel, J. L. 
 
 Jackson, John, organist and composer, 
 born early in the 17th century. He was 
 choirmaster of Ely Cathedral in 1669, and 
 organist of Wells Cathedral in 1676. He 
 died after 1688. Wrote services, anthems, etc. 
 
 Jackson, John P., musician and writer, 
 author of " Album of the Passion Play at 
 Ober-Ammergau . . . 1873," and other works 
 on the same subject ; Richard Wagner's 
 "Ring of the Nibelung," an illustrated hand- 
 book, London, 1882 ; and an English version 
 of "Die Meistersinger," 1892; "Parsifal," 
 1890; etc. 
 
218 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 JACKSON. 
 
 Jackson, Miss, see Lacy, Mrs. John. 
 
 Jackson, Seymour, tenor vocalist, at- 
 tracted attention by his singing in Man- 
 chester and neighbourhood about 1882. Made 
 his debut on the stage, March 18, 1886, with 
 the Carl Rosa Opera Company, taking the 
 part of Thaddeus in Balfe's opera, "The 
 Bohemian Girl." Toured with the same 
 company, and gave concerts in various towns. 
 At present resident at Blackpool as vocalist 
 and concert agent. 
 
 Jackson, Thomas, psalm composer, born 
 about 1715. He was organist of the Parish 
 Church of Newark, and master of the Song 
 School there. He died at Newark-o: -Trent, 
 November 11, 1781. Composer of the psalm- 
 tune, " Jackson's," and of Twelve Psalm tunes 
 and eighteen double and single chants . . , 
 composed for four voices, 1780. 
 
 Jackson, William, author of "A Prelimin- 
 ary Discourse to a scheme demonstrating 
 and shewing the perfection and harmony of 
 Sounds," Westminster, 1726. 
 
 Jackson, William, composer, organist, 
 and writer, born at Exeter, May 28, 1730. 
 He studied under Sylvester, the organist of 
 Exeter Cathedral, and under J. Travers. 
 Teacher in Exeter. Organist and choir-master 
 Exeter Cathedral, 1777. He died at Exeter, 
 July 12, 1803. 
 
 Works. — Operas - Lord of the Manor, Lon- 
 don, 1780 ; Metamorphoses, London, 1783. 
 Odes —Ode to fancy (Warton), op. 8; Ly- 
 cidas, 1767; Dying Christian to his soul (Pope). 
 Songs —Twelve songs, op. 1, 1755 ; Twelve 
 songs, op. 4 ; Third set of twelve songs, op. 
 7 ; Fourth set of twelve songs. Six elegies 
 for three male voices, op. 3 [1767] ; Twelve 
 canzonets for two voices, on. 9 ; Second set, 
 op. 13 ; Twelve pastorals. Six vocal quartets, 
 op. 11, 1780; Six Madrigals, op. 18, 1786; 
 Twelve hymns, in three parts, op. 6. Six 
 sonatas for harpsichord ; Eight ditto. Six 
 epigrams for 2, 3, and 1 voices and pf., Op. 17 
 [1786] ; Anthems and Church services, by the 
 late William Jackson, of Exeter, edited by 
 James Paddon, 3 vols., London, n.d. Selec- 
 tion from his works, sacred and secular, 
 London, 4 vols., n.d. Thirty letters on various 
 subjects, London, 1782 Observations on the 
 present state of music in London, 1791. The 
 four ages, together with essays on various 
 subjects, London, 1798. 
 
 Jackson was a man of varied accomplish- 
 ments; an essayist, musician, organist, and 
 painter. " He was a friend of Gainsborough, 
 had a good taste for art, and was known in 
 his day by his clever landscapes. In 1771 he 
 was an honorary exhibitor at the Academy. 
 He copied Gainsborough's work and wrote a 
 sketch of his life." — Redgrave. 
 
 Jackson, William, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Masham, Yorkshire, January 
 
 JACOX. 
 
 9, 1815. Self-taught in music. Organist at 
 Masham in 1832. He was for a time a tallow 
 chandler in Masham. Gained Huddersfield 
 Glee Club first prize in 1840. Music-seller in 
 Bradford, with W. Winn, vocalist, 1852. Or- 
 ganist of St. John's Church, Bradford ; Horton 
 Chapel, 1856. Conductor of Bradford Choral 
 Union. Chorus-master at Bradford Festivals- 
 of 1853, '56, '59. He died at Bradford, April 
 15, 1866. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios — Deliverance of Israel 
 from Babylon, 1845 ; Isaiah. Cantatas — The 
 Year, 1859 ; The praise of music. 103rd Psalm 
 for solo voice, chorus, and orchestra, 1841. 
 Church services, a mass and anthems. The 
 Bradford tune book (with Samuel Smith). 
 Congregational Psalmody, 1863. A singing 
 class manual, n.d. Glees, part-songs, and 
 son OS. 
 
 His son, William, born at Bradford in 
 1853, was instructed by his father. He be- 
 came organist of IMorningside Parish Church, 
 Edinburgh, but falling into bad health, died 
 at Ripon, September 10, 1877, at the early 
 age of 24. He published four part-songs, to- 
 words by Burns, in 1875, and left a few other 
 works. 
 
 Jackson, William, composer and pianist, 
 born in 1828; died at Girvan, August 19, 
 1876. He was a pianist in connection with 
 various Glasgow music halls, but is now only 
 remembered as the composer of a once popular 
 song called '• Tlie dear little Shamrock." 
 
 Jacob, Benjamin, composer and organist, 
 born at London, in 1778. He studied under 
 his father, R. Willoughby, Shrubsole, and 
 Arnold, 1796. Chorister in Portland Chapel, 
 1786. Organist of Salem Chapel, Soho Sq., 
 1788; Carlisle Chapel, Kennington Lane, 
 1790 ; Bentinck Chapel, Lisson Green, 1790-4 ; 
 Surrey Chapel (Rowland Hill's), 1794-1825; 
 .St. John's, 1823. Treble singer, Westminster 
 Abbey, at Festival, 1790-91. Member Royal 
 Society of Musicians, 1799. Conductor of a 
 series of oratorios, 1800. Gave organ recitals. 
 in conjunction with S. Wesley, and W. Crotch, 
 to great audiences, 1808-14. Conductor of 
 the Lenten Oratorios at Covent Garden The- 
 atre, 1818. Associate, Philharmonic Society, 
 1818. One of Court of Assistants, Royal 
 Society of Musicians, 1823. He died in Lon- 
 don, Aug. 24, 1829. Buried in Biuihill Fields. 
 In 1892, Mr. F. Ci. Edwards, organist of 
 Surrey Chapel, restored the tombstones of 
 Jacob and Shrubsole, for which he obtained 
 subscriptions. 
 
 Works. — National Psalmody, a collection 
 of Tunes for every Sunday throughout the 
 year, London [1819] . Tunes for the use of 
 Surrey Chapel. Dr. Watts' divine and moral 
 songs, as solos, duets and trios. Glees, songs,, 
 and an arrangement of the "Macbeth " music. 
 
 Jacox, Rev. Francis, writer of present- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 219 
 
 JACQUES. 
 
 time. Was curate of Wellingborough, 1847- 
 48. Author of •' Bible music, being variations 
 in many keys on musical themes from Scrip- 
 ture," London, 1871 ; 2nd edition, 1874. Also 
 writer of works on Bible history, " Traits of 
 Character," " Aspects of Authorship," etc. 
 
 Jacques, Edgar Frederick, musical 
 critic and lecturer, born in London, March 
 27. 1850, of French parentage. Educated for 
 a commercial career, but in 1869 decided upon 
 music as a profession. Had studied music 
 from his eleventh year, and leaving IMan- 
 chester, where ho had been engaged in 
 business, he returned to London, and began 
 teaching, acting also as organist. In 1874 he 
 became director of the orchestral services at 
 St. Andrew's, Tavistock Place, an office he 
 held for two years. Began musical Journalism 
 in 1885, and in 1888 succeeded Dr. Hueffer 
 as editor of the Musical World. This journal 
 ceased in 1891, and the next year Mr. Jacques 
 was appointed editor of the Musical Times 
 (retiring in 1897), and in 1894, miisical critic 
 of The Observer. He has lectured several 
 times at the Il.A.]\I., and read papers before 
 the Musical Association ; also given explana- 
 tory discourses at Mr. Bonawitz's Historical 
 Recitals (1892), and on Kuhnau's " Biblical 
 Sonatas," at the R.A.M. (Feb., 1896). He has 
 composed an opera, an operetta, and part- 
 songs, etc., which remain in MS. 
 
 Jakobowski, see Bklville, Edward. 
 
 James I., King of Scotland, poet and 
 musician, born in 1894; died in 1437. No- 
 ticed here as the alleged inventor of the 
 Scottish style of music. Pounding on what 
 has been regarded as a wrong reading of a 
 passage in a work of Tassoni, the Ii^alian poet 
 (1565-1635), William Tytler has endeavoured 
 to show in his "Essay on Scottish Music" 
 that James I. not only invented the " plain- 
 tive style of melody, called Scottish," but 
 likewise greatly influenced the style of several 
 Italian composers, among whom are Gesualda 
 and Palestrina. The researches of Dauney, 
 Graham, Burney, and others, have proved 
 this theory to be quite absurd. 
 
 James, John, organist and composer, of 
 the 18th century. He was organist of St. 
 Olave, Southwark ; and St. George's-in-the- 
 East, 1738. He died in 1745. Composer of 
 songs, organ voluntaries, and other pieces ; 
 " Celinda," a two-part song, etc. 
 
 James, W. N., flute-player and writer, 
 author of "A word or two on the Flute," 
 Edinburgh, 1826. The Flutist's Catechism, 
 in which are explained the First Principles 
 in Music, London, 1829. The German Flute 
 Magazine, or plain practical instructions for 
 the flute, London [1835]. 
 
 Jameson, D. D., author of " Colour- 
 Music," London, 1844. 
 
 Jamieson, Augustus Grant, organist 
 
 JEBB. 
 
 and composer, was born at Edinburgh, 
 December 20, 1844. He studied under J. C. 
 Kieser, J. T. Surenne, Professor Donaldson, 
 and at Stuttgart. He held the position of 
 organist to St. Paul's Episcopal Church, 
 Edinburgh, from 1872 till 1888, and was 
 conductor of the Orpheus Orchestral Society. 
 He held other appointments. Died at Edin- 
 burgh, January 21, 1888. Composer of various 
 hymn tunes, " Brierley," "St. Sulpice," etc., 
 and a number of pianoforte pieces. 
 
 Janes, Robert, organist and composer, 
 was born Feb. 3, 1806. He was educated at 
 Dulwich College, and in 1824 was articled pu- 
 pil to Dr. Z. Buck of Norwich Cathedral. In 
 1831 he was appointed organist of Ely Cathe- 
 dral, and held the post for 35 years. He died 
 at Ely, June 10, 1866. He is said to have 
 composed the "Ely Confession" (1864). 
 Editor of a Psalter, and composer of vocal 
 music. He was an amateur printer, and 
 part-books, composed and worked off at his 
 own press, were in use up to 1866. 
 
 Jarman, Thomas, musician, of Clipston, 
 was born about 1788 ; died in January, 1862. 
 Compiled the " Devotional Melodist, original 
 set of psalm and hymn tunes, short anthems 
 and set pieces, particularly designed for public 
 worship," n.d. "The Sacred Harmonicon : 
 containing upwards of 200 original tunes to 
 all the metres now in use," n.d. "The 
 Northamptonshire Harmony: containing a 
 greater variety of tunes, anthems, and set 
 pieces than has hitherto appeared in any other 
 publication," n.d. 
 
 Jarvis, John, musician, compiled "Zion's 
 Harmonist : comprising a new set of original 
 psalm and hynni tunes. ." London [1844]. 
 
 Jarvis, Samuel, organist nnd composer 
 of 18th century. He was blind. After 
 receiving lessons from Dr. Worgan, he became 
 organist of the Foundling Hospital, and later, 
 of St. Sepulchre's, London. He was master 
 of Wm. Russell, organist of the Foundling 
 Hospital. He composed "An Ode in honour 
 of the Albion's Society," London [1780] ; 
 " Twelve songs, to which is added an epitaph " ; 
 " Six songs and a cantata," etc. 
 
 Jarvis, Stephen, composer, born in 18-34; 
 died at Lewisham, London, November 27, 
 1880. He composed a quintet for strings, 
 songs, and music for the pianoforte. 
 
 Jay, John George Henry, pianist, vio- 
 linist and composer, born in Essex. November 
 27, 1770. He studied under Hindmarsh and 
 Phillips, and on the continent. Settled in 
 London, 1800, as teacher. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 
 1809. Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1811. Member of 
 the R.A.M. He died at London, September 
 17, 1849. Wrote pf. and vocal music. His 
 son John (born 1812; died May 31, 1889), was 
 also a violinist. 
 
 Jebb, Rev. John D. D., clergyman and 
 
220 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 JEFFERSON. 
 
 musician, was born at Dublin in 1805; died 
 at Peterstow, January 8, 188G. He was Canon 
 of Hereford and Rector of Peterstow, Here- 
 fordsliire. Author of Choral Service of the 
 United Church of England and Ireland, being 
 an Inquiry into tlie Liturgical System of the 
 Cathedral and Collegiate Foundations of the 
 Anglican Communion, London, 1843; Three 
 lectures on the Cathedral Service of the United 
 Church of England and Ireland, 1841 ; 2nd 
 edit., 1845; The Choral Responses and Lit- 
 anies of the United Church of England and 
 Ireland, collected from authentic sources, 
 London, 2 vols., 1847-57. 
 
 Jefferson, Joseph, authorof" LyraEvan- 
 gelica ; or an Essay on the use of instrumental 
 music in Christian Worship," London, 1805. 
 
 Another musician of this name, William 
 Arthur Jeffreys, organist of Leeds, issued 
 " The National Book of hymn-tunes, chants, 
 and kyries," 1885. 
 
 Jefferys, Charles, composer and music 
 publisher, was born January 11, 1807. He 
 carried on business in London, and died there 
 June 9, 1865. He wrote the words of a num- 
 ber of popular songs, "Rose of Allandale," 
 " INIary of Argyle," etc., and himself composed 
 "Rose Atherton," "Oh Erin, my country," 
 and other songs. 
 
 Jeffreys, George, org mist and composer 
 of 17th century. He was a son of Matthh.w 
 Jeffreys, Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1593, who was 
 vicar choral of Wells Cathedral. In 1643 
 George became organist to Charles I. at Ox- 
 ford, and from 1648 he was steward to the 
 Hatton's of Kirby, Northamptonshire. He 
 died in July, 1685. He composed anthems 
 and other sacred music mostly preserved in 
 MS. His son. Christopher, who graduated 
 M.A. at Oxford in 1666 was also a musician. 
 He died in 1693. 
 
 Jeffries, John Edward, organist and 
 composer, born at Walsall, Staffordshire, Oc- 
 tober 18, 1863. Chorister, and afterwards 
 assistant organist at St. Paul's Church, Wal- 
 sall, where his father, an amateur, held the 
 post of organist for many years. Studied at 
 the R.C.M., under Drs G. C. Martin, J. P. 
 Bridge, and F. E. Gladstone, for organ, 
 counterpoint, and harmony, and pf. with 
 Franklin Taylor, and is F.R.C.O. He was 
 appointed organist of Walsall Parish Church 
 when seventeen, and afterwards choirmaster. 
 At the Annual Dedication Services he intro- 
 duced oratorios and cantatas, with full orches- 
 tral accompaniment, and gave frequent organ 
 recitals, also appearing as solo pianist at con- 
 certs. He was several tiines conductor and 
 choral inspector for the Lichfield Diocesan 
 Festivals. In November, 1895, he was ap- 
 pointed organist and choirmaster to the 
 Cathedral, Newcastle-on-Tyne, and conducted 
 special Advent services the next month. His 
 
 JENKINS. 
 
 first organ recital was given in the Cathedral, 
 February 8, 1896. Conductor of Jarrow Phil- 
 harmonic Society. He is the composer of an 
 oratorio. The Life and Death of Christ ; the 
 sections, "The Annunciation," and "The Re- 
 demption " were performed in the Cathedral, 
 in March and April (Good Friday), 1896. He 
 has also written several works for church use. 
 
 Jeffries, Stephen, organist and composer, 
 was born in 1660. He became a chorister in 
 Salisbury Cathedral, under Wise, and organist 
 of Gloucester Cathedral in 680. He died in 
 1712. 
 
 Jekyll, Charles Sherwood, organist 
 and composer, born at Westminster, Novem- 
 ber 29, 1842. Chorister at Westminster Abbey. 
 Studied under James Coward and G. A. ]\Iac- 
 farren Organist of St. Paul's temporary 
 church, Kensington, 1857 ; assistant organist 
 Westminster Abbey, 1860-75 ; organist parish 
 church, Acton, 1860 ; St. George's, Hanover 
 Square, 1861-77 ; organist and composer to 
 Her Majesty's Chapels Royal, St. James's 
 Palace and Whitehall, November, 1876 ; re- 
 tired October, 1891. Grand organist to the 
 United Grand Lodge of England (Freemasons) 
 1880-2 Mr. Jekyll was the recipient of the 
 silver Jubilee, medal, presented by Her Ma- 
 jesty the Queen. 
 
 Works. — Services : Communion in C ; 
 Morning and evening in F (MS.) ; Morning 
 and evening in C, for male voices, composed 
 for St. Paul's Cathedral (MS.); Benedictus 
 and Agnus Dei. Anthems: 0, send out Thy 
 light (eight voices) ; Save me, God ; Arise, 
 O Lord ; Go forth, ye daughters of Zion 
 (Jubilee anthem, 1887) ; The righteous live 
 for evermore; and others; hymns, chants, 
 etc. Twelve kyries. Part-Songs: On the sea ; 
 When twilight dews ; Night after the battle, 
 etc. Songs: Pro Patria Mori; Now; Go, 
 forget me ; In memoriam, etc. Organ: Ju- 
 bilee march, played by the composer, West- 
 minster Abbey, at the Queen's Jubilee, June 
 21, 1887 ; Marche Nuptiale, played by the 
 composer at the wedding of H.R.H. the 
 Duchess of Fife ; Grand march ; Andante in 
 A. Pieces for pf. Editor of Musical Sunday 
 at Home, a series of twelve numbers. 
 
 Jenkins, David, composer, born at Tre- 
 castell, Brecon, January 1, 1849. Self-taught 
 at first, but afterwards studied under Dr. 
 Joseph Parry, at the University College of 
 Wales, Aberystwith. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Cambridge, 1878. Often acts as conductor 
 of Psalmody festivals, and adjudicator at the 
 National and other Eisteddfodaa. In 1885, 
 went to America, where he conducted at 
 several festivals, besides being adjudicator at 
 competitions. Is joint-editor of The Musician; 
 Professor of music at the University College 
 of Wales; Member of the Council and Ex- 
 aminer Tonic Sol-fa College, and Examiner 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 221 
 
 JENKINS. 
 
 R.C.M. Invited to conduct his " Psalm of 
 Life," and Welsh airs at the Tonic Sol-fa 
 Festival, Crystal Palace, July 11, 1896. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : The ark of the cove- 
 nant (prize of £20, Eisteddfod) ; David and 
 Goliath ; A Psalm of life (composed for, and 
 produced at the Cardiff Festival, 1895). Ora- 
 torios : David and Saul ; The Legend of St. 
 David (Carnarvon Eisteddfod, 1894). Oper- 
 etta, The village children. Anthems, part- 
 songs, songs, etc. A collection of tunes, 
 chants, and anthems (English and Welsh 
 texts) ; Gems of praise, etc. 
 
 Jenkins, George, composer and teacher 
 of dancing in Edinburgh and London, in the 
 latter part of the 18th century. He died at 
 London about 1806. Composer of Eighteen 
 airs for two violins and a bass, Edinburgh 
 [1789] ; Jenkins' thirty Highland airs, Lon- 
 don, 1791 ; New Scotch music, consisting of 
 slow airs, strathspeys, quick reels, country 
 dances, and a medley on a new plan, with a 
 bass for a violoncello or harpsichord, London 
 [1793]. 
 
 Jenkins, John, comiDoser, born at ]\Iaid- 
 stone, in 1592. jMusician to Charles I. and 
 Charles II. Resided during the greater part 
 of his life with H. L'Estraiige of Norfolk. 
 He died at Kimberley, October 27, 1678. 
 
 Works. — Elegy on the death of William 
 Lawes, 1648. Theophila, or love's sacrifice, 
 poem by E. Benlowes, 1652. Twelve sonatas 
 for two violins and a bass, with a thorough- 
 bass for the organ or theorbo, 1660. Fantasias 
 in five or six parts for viols Anthems, rounds. 
 Compendium of practical music, London, 
 1667. 
 
 Jeremiah, John, author of " On Eistedd- 
 vodau : their antiquity and history," London, 
 1876. "Notes on Shakespeare and memorials 
 of the Urban Club," London, 1876. 
 
 Jervis, St. Vincent, musician and com- 
 poser, pupil of Molique. At a concert of the 
 Amateur Musical Society of London, March 
 27, 1854, an adagio and rondo for pf. and 
 orchestra, of his composition, was produced. 
 Five sonatas for pf., by this composer, have 
 been published at different times up to 1887, 
 as well as other pieces. 
 
 Jeunesse, see La Jeunesse. 
 
 Jewell, E. Ellice, musician of present 
 time, author of " Catechism of the rudiments 
 of music and jjianoforte-playing," London 
 [1882] ; " Elementary exercises " [1883] for 
 the same book. 
 
 Jewson, Frederick Bowen, pianist and 
 composer, born in Edinburgh, July 26, 1823. 
 Studied at R.A.M., under Cipriani Potter, 
 and wa« King's Scholar, 1837. In 1835, he 
 gave a concert at Edinburgh, and played a 
 composition of his own. Elected in turn a 
 member, professor, and director of the R.A.M. 
 He was appointed a life member of the Court 
 
 JOHNSON. 
 
 of Assistants of the Royal Society of Mu- 
 sicians in 1849 ; and in 1866 became one of 
 Musicians in Ordinary to the Queen. Mem- 
 ber of the Philharmonic Society. For half a 
 century he occupied an important position as 
 a teacher of the pianoforte ; retired from pro- 
 fessional life in 1889, and died in London, 
 May 29, 1891. 
 
 Works. — Overture, Killicrankie, orchestra, 
 R.A.M., May 16, 1840 ; Five overtures. Two 
 concertos for pf. and orchestra, No. 2, in E, 
 op. 33, performed St. James's Hall (Miss- 
 Dinah Shapley), June 28, 1882. Trio, piano- 
 forte and strings. Six grand studies, op. 16 ; 
 Douze Etudes, op. 23 ; Chanson d'Amour, 
 and other pieces for pf. Songs, etc. 
 
 His wife, formerly Miss Kirkman, was a 
 nieee and pupil of Mrs. Anderson, and a 
 pianist of recognised talent, who frequently 
 took part in the musical matinees and con- 
 certs given at various times. She died in 
 London, December 24, 1896. Two sons are 
 in the musical profession — Frederick Au- 
 gustus Jewson, born in London, February 
 12, 1856, who is organist to the Strolling. 
 Players' Orchestral Society, and conductor of 
 the Regent's Park Sacred Harmonic Society. 
 He married Miss Dunbar Perkins, a violinist 
 who is favourably known in musical circles. 
 William A. Jewson is a violinist of repute, 
 and conductor of musical societies. 
 
 Johnson, Basil, B. A., was appointed 
 director of the music, and organist at Rugby 
 School, in 1886. He is a son of the late Dean 
 of Wells, and was musically educated at 
 R.C.M. He has published Technical Exer- 
 cises for pf. 
 
 Johnson, Edmund Charles, physician 
 and writer, vice-president of the School for 
 the Indigent Blind, Southwark, London. 
 Author of " An Inquiry into the Musical 
 Instruction for the Blind in France, Spain, 
 and America," London, 1855, and other works 
 on the Blind. 
 
 Johnson, Edward, composer of the 16th 
 centurj'. He graduated Mus. Bac, Cantab., 
 1594. Contributed to Este's Psalms. He 
 composed the madrigal, " Come, Blessed Bird,"' 
 in the "Triumphs of Oriana," 1601. His 
 biography is unknown. 
 
 Johnson, James, engraver and publisher, 
 was a native of the Ettrick district of Scot- 
 land. He was established in business in 
 Edinburgh, and printed and engraved most 
 of the collections of music published during, 
 his time. He was the first to print music 
 from pewter plates. He died at Edinburgh, 
 February 26, 1811. He is chiefly noted for 
 his connection with Robert Burns, and the 
 publication of "The Scots Musical Museum, 
 with proper Basses for the pf. . . ," Edinburgh,. 
 6 vols., n.d. [1787] - [1803] . This work was 
 re-edited by David Laing and Stenhouse, and 
 
22-2 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 JOHNSON. 
 
 reprinted by Messrs. Blackwood, Edinburgh, 
 4 vols., 1853. The success of this venture was 
 entirely due to the fine lyrics which Burns 
 <;ontributed, and which have since become 
 world-wide favourites. The arrangenrents of 
 the melodies in Johnson's Collection were by 
 Stephen Clarke. 
 
 Johnson, Robert, clergyman and com- 
 poser, who flourished about the middle of the 
 16th century. He composed part-songs, etc., 
 one of which appears in the " History " of 
 .Sir John Hawkins, and others in contempo- 
 rary collections. 
 
 Johnson, Robert, composer and lutenist, 
 was born in the latter half of the 16th century. 
 Musician in service of Sir T. Kytson of Hen- 
 grave Hall, Suffolk. Resided latterly in Lon- 
 don as teacher, and musician in service of 
 Prince Henry. He died after 1625. 
 
 Works. — Music to Dramas : " The Witch" 
 (Middleton); "The Tempest" (Shakespere) ; 
 " Masque of the Gipsies" (Jonson) ; Contribu- 
 tions to Leighton's " Teares." Songs, mad- 
 rigals, etc. 
 
 Johnson, William, amateur organist 
 and composer, b.jrn at Warrington, Septem- 
 ber 23, 1853. Studied pf. under the late 
 T. Standish ; organ under T. Mee Pattison ; 
 and, later, harmony under Dr. Horton Allison. 
 Appointed organist of St. Anne's, Warrington, 
 1868, and introduced the first Choral Com- 
 munion Service known in the district. Hon. 
 organist, 1885-7, to the Warrington Musical 
 Society (conducted by H. Hiles), which, in 1886, 
 produced his cantata, Ecce Homo. Another 
 cantata, " May Morn at Magdalen College, 
 Oxford," remains in MS. He has composed 
 anthems and other pieces. His grand- 
 father, Thomas Kington, was for thirty- 
 five years organist of the Parish Church of 
 Kingswood, Gloucester, and was reputed to be 
 an excellent performer on every then known 
 instrument. He died about the year 1850, 
 aged seventy-six. 
 
 Johnson, W. Noel, violoncellist and 
 composer, born at Repton, Derby, May 22, 
 1863. Educated at Emmanuel College, Cam- 
 bridge. Studied violoncello at R.A.M. under 
 W. E. Whitehouse, and afterwards proceeded 
 to Leipzig and studied with Alwin Schroder, 
 Oscar Paul, and Paul Klengel. He first 
 appeared in London, in 1893, and is settled 
 there as performer and composer. He has 
 inade several provincial tours, and met with 
 much success. As a composer he has been 
 very active, his works comprising Three 
 pieces for violoncello and pf. ; Caprice, Noc- 
 turne, Serenade, Idylle, Reverie, for the same. 
 Songs: I love thee (prize, Incorporated Society 
 of Musicians, North-Midland Section, 1890)'; 
 Four songs ; Six Songs (Heine) ; If thou wert 
 blind; Good-night, pretty stars; and many 
 others. Part-songs: Where shall the lover 
 
 JONES. 
 
 rest ; When Flora decks (male voices), etc.,' 
 etc. He has also written the music to several 
 plays, one of which, "The Tournament of 
 love," was perfornred in Paris (Theatre d' Ap- 
 plication, La Bodiniere), in May, 1894, with 
 success. 
 
 Johnston, Rev. David, author of " In- 
 strumental in the Church of Scotland, by the 
 Minister of the United Parishes of Harray 
 and Birsay." 1872 (privately printed). 
 
 Jolly, John, composer and organist, uncle 
 of the undernoted, born at Knutsf ord, Cheshire, 
 1794. Was organist of St. Phillip's Chapel, 
 London. Died at London, April, 18.38. He 
 composed " Glees, in score, for 3 and 4 voices," 
 n.d. ; Songs, etc. ; and " Devotional IMelodies, 
 consisting of psalms, hymns, collects, and 
 short anthems," London, 1832. 
 
 Jolly, John Marks, nephew of above, 
 composer and conductor, was born in 1790. 
 He was conductor at the Surrey Theatre, 
 London, and at the Strand Theatre, in 1853. 
 He died on July 1, 1864. Wrote a large 
 number of songs, part-songs, etc., among 
 which may be named Set of six songs of the 
 wild flowers of spring [18.84] ; Gipsy sisters, 
 duet ; Love is still a little boy, song : Queen 
 of the starry night, song ; Polkas, galops, 
 etc., for pf. 
 
 Jonas, Elizabeth Q., pianist, born at 
 Southwark, London, about 1825. Began 
 learning the pianoforte under Mr. Piatt when 
 four years old ; then under John Field, at 
 whose concert, in 1832, she made her debut. 
 She also played at the Paganini concerts, and 
 frequently before royalty, in London and at 
 Windsor ; at the "Oratorios" at Drury Lane, 
 etc. She then studied under Moscheles, and 
 in 1836 won the King's Scholarship, R.A.M., 
 and again in 1838. In 1841 she was made an 
 Associate, and appointed Professor of pf. and 
 harmony. About 1852 Miss Jonas retired 
 from the profession, her health not being 
 good ; and enjoying an independency, she 
 exercised her musical gifts in private circles. 
 
 Jones, Arthur Barclay, pianist and 
 composer, born in London, December 16, 
 1869. Entered the choir of the Brompton 
 Oratory when nine years old, and remained 
 there as a singer until 1893, when, upon the 
 death of his friend Thomas Wingham, he was 
 appointed musical director, an office he still 
 holds. By the advice of Wingham, whose 
 pupil he was, he entered the Guildhall School 
 of Music when fifteen, and gained a Scholar- 
 ship. In 1889 he was made Associate, with 
 honours, and became a Professor of pf. there 
 in 1892, and of harmony in 1896. L.R.A.M. 
 (pf.), 1891. His other master was H. C. 
 Banister, who taught him harmony. His 
 compositions include a symphony in C minor 
 (dedicated to the memory of Thomas Wing- 
 ham, and produced by the Westminster 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 223 
 
 JONES. 
 
 Orchestral Society, June 3, 1896) ; a Concert 
 Overture in C minor (Crystal Palace, October 
 22, 1892) ; Sonata, violin and pf. ; Pieces for 
 violoncello, for pf., and organ. An Ave Maria, 
 for soprano, and Hymns for children, etc. 
 
 Jones, Daniel C, organist, born at Tam- 
 wortli, Staffordshire, November 20, 1857. 
 Received his musical education at Lichfield 
 Cathedral, under the late Thomas Bedsmore. 
 Became F.R.C.O. at the age of nineteen, and 
 took the degree of Mus. Bac, Trinity College, 
 Toronto, in 1887, and Mus. Doc, of the same, 
 1891. In 1877 he was appointed organist and 
 choirmaster of Londonderry Cathedral, a post 
 he still holds. He has composed several an- 
 thems, and other church music. " Thus 
 saith the Lord concerning the King of 
 Assyria," was specially written for and per- 
 fornied at the celebration of the Bi-centenary 
 of the closing of the Gates of Derrv, in the 
 Cathedral, December 18, 1888. 
 
 Jones, Edward, Bardy Brenin, writer 
 and musician, born at Llanderfel, Merioneth- 
 shire, April 18, 1752. He studied the Welsh 
 harp under his father. Appeared in London 
 as harper, 1775. Welsh bard to Prince of 
 Wales, 1783. He died at London, April 18, 
 1824. 
 
 Works. — Musical and poetical relicks of the 
 Welsh bards, preserved by tradition and authen- 
 tic manuscripts from very remote antiquity, 
 with a collection of the Pennillion and En- 
 glynion epigrammatic stanzas or native pas- 
 toral sonnets of Wales, a history of the bards 
 from the earliest period, and an account of 
 their music, poetry, and musical instruments, 
 London, 1784, two parts. Musical and poet- 
 ical relicks of the Welsh bards, preserved by 
 tradition and authentic manuscripts from 
 very remote antiquity, with a select collection 
 of the Pennillion and Engiynion, with English 
 translations, likewise a general history of the 
 bards and druids, from the earliest period to 
 the present time ; with an account of their 
 Music and poetry ; to which is prefixed a dis- 
 sertation on the musical instruments of the 
 aboriginal Britons, London, 1794. The Bar- 
 dic Museum of Primitive British Literature 
 and other admirable rarities, forming the 
 second volume of the Musical, Poetical, and 
 Historical Relicks of the Welsh Bards and 
 Druids . . . 1802. Lyric Airs, consisting of 
 specimens of Greek, Albanian, Walachian, 
 Turkish, Arabian, Persian, Chinese, and 
 Moorish songs and melodies, with a short 
 dissertation on the origin of ancient Greek 
 music, London, 1804. Cheshire melodies ; 
 provincial airs of Cheshire, London [1803] . 
 The musical miscellany, n.d. Terpsichore's 
 Banquet (National airs), n.d. The minstrel's 
 serenades, n.d. Collections from works of 
 Handel, etc. The Musical Bouquet, or popu- 
 lar songs and ballads . . . London, 1799. 
 
 JONES. 
 
 Maltese Melodies, or national airs and dances 
 usually performed by the Maltese musicians 
 . . . London, n.d. 
 
 Jones, Edward, composer and conductor. 
 Was for some years a first violin in Sir 
 Michael Costa's opera orchestra ; has been in 
 America with the Mapleson Opera Company ; 
 musical director at the Court, Adelphi, and 
 Duke of York's Theatres, London ; and is at 
 present musical director at the Lyric Theatre, 
 London. He is the composer of incidental 
 music to "Claudian"; " Hoodman Blind," 
 produced. Princess's Theatre, 1885; "The 
 Fav O'Fire," Opera Comique, November, 
 1885; " Pharoah," Leeds, 1892; "A Near 
 shave," farce. Court Theatre, 1895 ; " The 
 Sign of the Cross," Liverpool, 1895, etc. 
 
 Jones, Edward Stanton, writer and 
 bandmaster, author of " Universal Cornopean 
 Tutor . . . ," London, 1855 ; " Boosey's Uni- 
 versal Cornet Tutor," n.d. ; Shilling Cornet 
 Tutor. Songs, etc. He died in 1886. 
 
 Jones, George, author of " History of 
 the rise and progress of Music, theoretical 
 and practical," London, 1818. German edi- 
 tion, Vienna, 1821. 
 
 Jones, Griffith Rhys, or Caradog, 
 a noted Welsh conductor, was born at Trecy- 
 non, December 21, 1834. His first study was 
 the violin ; but when quite a youth he became 
 conductor of a choir known by the name of 
 " Cor Carodog." This choir being victorious 
 at a local Eisteddfod, the name was attached 
 to the conductor. In 1872 he was appointed 
 conductor of the Welsh choir which competed 
 at the Crystal Palace contests in 1872-3, win- 
 ning the challenge prize cup on each occasion. 
 Afterwards he conducted choirs in Cardigan- 
 shire, at Cardiff, and now at Pontypridd, his 
 male voice choir dividing the first prize at the 
 Llandudno Eisteddfod of 1896. 
 
 Jones, Hannah, contralto vocalist, born 
 at Skewen, near Swansea. At the age of 
 fourteen was first prize winner at the National 
 Eisteddfod. Entered the R. A.M., and studied 
 under Garcia, and others, winning Llewelyn 
 Thomas Prize, 1887, and Sainton-Dolby Prize, 
 1888; A.R.A.M. Sang in "Elijah ""at the 
 Royal Albert Hall, February, 1888, with 
 success, and has since gained a good position 
 among contralto vocalists of the day. 
 
 Jones, Henry Festing, amateur com- 
 poser. In conjunction with Samuel Butler, 
 brought out, in 1884, a collection of original 
 gavottes, minuets, etc., in the style of Handel ; 
 and some years later, a dramatic cantata, 
 " Narcissus." Mr. Jones is also the composer 
 of My silks and fine array ; Upbraid me not ; 
 Go, lovely rose ; Six songs, op. 5 ; a second 
 set of six songs, etc. 
 
 Jones, Hirwen, tenor vocalist, born near 
 Cardigan, IMarch 9, 1857. As a youth, 
 attended Tonic Sol-fa classes, and was a 
 
224 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 JONES. 
 
 successful competitor at Eisteddfodau. In 
 1879 he entered the R.A.M., and studied under 
 A. Randegger, and W. Shakespeare. One of 
 his earliest appearances in London was in 
 Carter's " Placida," at Brixton Hall, March, 
 1882 ; he also sang at the Popular Concerts, 
 and at the Crystal Palace, October 17, 1885, 
 in the quintet from the Meistersinger. He 
 made his festival debut at Brighton, in 1882, 
 and sang at the Worcester Festival, 1890 ; 
 Hereford, 1894 ; and Leeds, 1895. He was 
 one of the artists in Madame Patey's farewell 
 tour, 1894, and in the Patti tour, 1895. Is 
 now well established as a concert singer. He 
 has had some experience in light opera, having 
 been principal tenor in the D'Oyly Carte 
 Continental Opera Company, in "Patience," 
 and other works, at Berlin, Hamburg, etc., 
 1887-8. 
 
 Jones, Rev. James, author of "A Man- 
 ual of Instructions on Plain-chant or Gregor- 
 ian music, with the chants as used in Rome," 
 London, 1845. 
 
 Jones, John, organist and composer, was 
 born in 1728. He became organist of the 
 Temple Church in 1749; Charterhouse, 1753; 
 St. Paul's Cathedral in 1755. He acted as 
 one of the directors of the Handel Commemo- 
 ration in 1784. He died at London, Febru- 
 ary 17, 1796. 
 
 Works. — Sixty Chants, single and double, 
 1785. Lessons for the harpsichord, 1761 ; 
 Eight setts of Lessons for the harpsichord, 
 1754. Songs, etc. 
 
 Jones, Joseph David, Welsh musician, 
 born at Bryncrugog, Montgomery, in 1827. 
 He was a teacher of singing at Ruthin, and 
 taught also in the British School there. He 
 died at Ruthin, September 17, 1870. Com- 
 piler of " Y cerub yn cynwys tonau, anthemau, 
 a darnavi gosodedig cymhwys i'w harferyd yn 
 y gwasanalth dwyfol," Llanidloes, 1855. 
 "Caniadau Bethlehem," Ruthin, 1857 (Welsh 
 carols for Christmas). " Perganiedydd," 
 Llanidloes, 1847. " Tonau ac Emynau," 
 Wrexham, 1868. " Llys Arthur," cantata, 
 1864. Hymns, etc. 
 
 Jones, Moses Owen, composer, con- 
 ductor, and adjudicator, born in Carnarvon- 
 shire, November 13, 1842. One of the editors 
 of "The Congregational Singer" (see D. Em- 
 lyn Evans.) Was awarded the prize of £30 
 at the London National Eisteddfod, 1887, for 
 a Biography of Welsh Musicians, since pub- 
 lished in Welsh (see D. E. Evans); also a 
 prize of £20 at the Carnarvon National Eis- 
 teddfod of 1894, for a Critical and Historical 
 Essay on Welsh National Melodies. 
 
 Jones, Richard, author of " The most 
 New and Easy Method of Singing the Psalms," 
 London, 1705. 
 
 Jones, Richard, musician. Issued "The 
 Cornubian Tune Book ; or Manual of hymn- 
 
 JONES. 
 
 tunes, carols, sanctuses, etc.," Penzance, 1870. 
 
 Jones, Robert, composer and lutenist, 
 who flourished at the end of the 16th and 
 beginning of the 17th centuries. Biography 
 unknown, but he graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 
 in 1597. 
 
 Works.— The First Booke of Ayres, 1601. 
 The Second Booke of Ayres, set out to the 
 Lute, the Base Violl the playne way, or the 
 Base by tableture after the leero fashion. 
 Ultimum Vale, or the Third Booke of Ayres 
 of 1, 2, and 4 voyces, 1608. A Musicall 
 Dreame, or the Fourth Booke of Ayres, the 
 first part for the lute, 2 voices, and the viol 
 da gamba; the second part is for the lute, the 
 viol, and four voices to sing; the third part is 
 for one voice alone to the lute, the base-viol, 
 or to both if you please, whereof two are 
 Italian Ayres, London, fo., 1619. The Muse's 
 Gardin for Delights, or the Fifth Booke of 
 Ayres, only for the Lute, the Bass Violl, and 
 the Voyce, n.d. The First Set of Madrigals 
 of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 parts for viols and for 
 voices alone, or as you x^lease, 1607. " Fair 
 Oriana, seeming to wink," madrigal for 6 
 voices, in Triumphs of Oriana. Contributions 
 in Leighton's Teares. Songs in Smith's 
 Musica Antiqua. 
 
 Jones, Sidney, composer, of present time. 
 Has written the music to "An Artist's Model," 
 jjroduced, February, 1895; and the Japanese 
 musical play, " The Geisha," produced, April 
 25, 1896, both at Daly's Theatre, London. 
 
 Jones, T. H., organist of the Congrega- 
 tional Churcli, Adelaide, South Australia 
 [1884] , is known as an able executant, and has 
 given recitals in the Town Hall, Adelaide, etc. 
 He was the first upon whom was conferred 
 the Degree of Mus. Bac. by the University of 
 Adelaide, 1890. 
 
 Jones, Thomas, of Gaddesdon, musician. 
 Composed " Ten new country dances for the 
 Harp," 1788. " Music purposely composed 
 for the Harp," London, 1800. 
 
 Jones, Thomas Evance, organist, born 
 in 1805. In 1813 he entered Canterbury 
 Cathedral as a chorister, and in 1822 became 
 lay clerk. He was appointed singing-master 
 to the choristers in 1830, and in 18>I1 he suc- 
 ceeded Skeats as organist. He died at Can- 
 terbury in December, 1873. 
 
 Jones, William, author of " A Discourse 
 on the Philosophy of Musical Sounds," n.d. 
 
 Jones, Rev. William, of Nayland, com- 
 poser and writer, born at Lowick, Northamp- 
 tonshire, July 30, 1726. Educated at the 
 Charterhouse, London, and at Oxford. He 
 was successively vicar of Bethersden, Kent, 
 1764; Pluckley; Paston, Northampton, and 
 rector of Hollingbourne, Kent, 1798. He 
 died at Nayland, Suffolk, February 6, 1800, 
 where he was perpetual curate from 1776. 
 
 Works. — Ten Church Pieces for the organ,. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 225 
 
 JONES. 
 
 with four anthems in score, composed for the 
 use of tlie cliurch of Nayland, in Sutfolk, op. 
 2, 1789. A treatise on the art of musick, in 
 which the elements of liarmony and air are 
 practically considered and illustrated by 150 
 examples in notes . . the whole intended as 
 a course of lectures preparatory to the practice 
 of Thorough-Bass and Musical Composition, 
 Colchester, 1784 ; Second edition, Sudbury, 
 1827. Church music, miscellaneous. Col- 
 lected Works, published in 12 vols., 1802, and 
 again in 6 vols., 1810. 
 
 Jones, Sir William, orientalist and 
 scholar, born in London, 1746; died at Cal- 
 cutta, 1794. Author of "Commentaries on 
 Asiatic Poetry," 1744 ; " The Musical Modes 
 of the Hindus," 1784 ; References to Oriental 
 Music in Collected Works, etc. 
 
 Joran, Pauline, soprano vocalist and 
 violinist, born in Australia. Apipeared, with 
 two sisters, as a party of juvenile artists at 
 San Francisco in 1885. Joined the Carl Rosa 
 Opera Company, and as Bcppi, in " L'Amico 
 Fritz," achieved mucli success, 1893. Sang 
 in Gounod's " Faust," and other operas, at 
 Drury Lane, 1894 ; at Covent Garden, 1895 ; 
 and in various places in Italy, 1895-6. Played 
 Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto at Liverpool, 
 1893, and also appeared as a vocalist. Gave 
 a Concert at St. James's Hall, London, De- 
 cember 10, 1896, appearing as vocalist and 
 violinist. Her sister, Elise Joran, is a 
 pianist, and played Mendelssohn's G minor 
 Concerto at Liverpool, 1893; and also ap- 
 peared with success in Loudon, in December, 
 1896. She was a pupil of E. d'Albert. 
 
 Jordan, Charles Warwick, organist and 
 composer, born at Clifton, Bristol, December 
 28, 1840. Chorister at Bristol Cathedral and 
 St. Paul's Cathedral. Appointed organist of 
 St. Paul's, Bunhill Row, 1857 ; St. Luke's, 
 West Holloway, 1860 ; and St. Stephen's, 
 Lewisham, 1806 to present time. Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1869 ; Mus. Doc, Cantuar, 1886. 
 F.R.C.O. Honorary organist London Gre- 
 gorian Choral Association. Examiner College 
 of Organists and Trinity College, London ; 
 and Professor of organ and harmony Guild- 
 hall School of Music. 
 
 Works. — Cantata, Blow ye the trumpet in 
 Zion, for soli, chorus, and orchestra ; Festival 
 Te Deum, voices, organ, trumpets, and drums. 
 Crystal Palace, 4000 voices, June 19, 1895; 
 Festival Jubilate in C, the same, February 
 20, 1897. Communion Service in E ; an- 
 thems, etc. Overture, Pray and praise, for 
 organ, trumpet, and three trombones, Lewis- 
 ham Church, October 1, 1882 ; Duo concert- 
 ante, organ and trunrpet, Exeter Hall recitals, 
 January 31, 1891, etc. Author of A short 
 paper on the construction of the Gregorian 
 tones, 1874 ; 150 harmonies for the same. 
 
 Jordan, Mrs., born Dora or Dorothea 
 
 JOWETT. 
 
 Bland, actress, singer, and composer, born 
 near Waterford, in 1762. She was daughter 
 of a Captain Bland. After being trained as 
 a milliner she appeared on the stage at Dub- 
 lin in 1777. She adopted the name of Mrs. 
 Jordan in 1782, but was never married though 
 mother of various children. She died at St. 
 Cloud, near Paris, July 3, 1816. Her biography 
 belongs more to theatrical than musical his- 
 tory, and her chief claim to notice here, apart 
 from her sliglit merits as a singer, is as the 
 composer of the " Blue Bells of Scotland." 
 This was issued as the "Blue Bells of Scot- 
 land, a ballad as composed and sung by Mrs. 
 Jordan," London [1800]. 
 
 Jortin, Rev. John, clergyman and author, 
 born in 1698 ; died in 1770. Vicar of Ken- 
 sington. Author of " A Letter concerning 
 the music of the Ancients," in 2nd edition 
 of Avison's " Musical Expression." 
 
 Joseph, Kinsell, organist, born in Esse- 
 quibo, British Guiana, December, 1845. For 
 many years organist of St. George's Cathedral, 
 Georgetown, and master of St. George's 
 Parish School. He died May 26, 1892, and 
 left a legacy to the choir of the Cathedral; 
 and this being invested, forms an endowment, 
 probably the first of the kind in a West Indian 
 Colony. Joseph was by race a negro, and a 
 man of singular charm of character, winning 
 the esteem and respect of his Bishop (Dr. 
 Austin), and all with whom he was associated. 
 
 Joule, Benjamin St. John Baptist, 
 organist, composer, and editor, born at Sal- 
 ford, November 8, 1817. Studied violin under 
 Richard Cudmore, and organ, etc., under J. 
 J. Harris. He was honorary organist of Holy 
 Trinity, Hulme, 1846-53 ; St. Margaret's, 
 Whalley Range, Manchester, 1849-52 ; and 
 of St. Peter's, Manchester, from 1853. Presi- 
 dent of the Manchester Vocal Society ; 
 Fellow of the Genealogical Society of Great 
 Britain ; F.C.O. ; and J.P. for the County of 
 Lancaster. Contributor to various period- 
 icals, and music critic, 1850-70, to the Man- 
 chester- Courier. He died at Manchester, May 
 21, 1895. 
 
 Works. — The hymns and canticles, pointed 
 for chanting, 1847. Directorium Chori Ang- 
 licanum, London, 1849, which has passed 
 through many editions. A collection of words 
 of 2,270 Anthems, with 452 biographical 
 notices, London, 1859. The Psalter, or Psahns 
 of David, after the translation of the great 
 Bible, pointed as they are to be sung or said 
 in Churches, London, 1865. Collection of 
 chants, London, 1860, 18 editions. The Order 
 for Holy Communion, harmonized on a mono- 
 tone ; Organ and pf. music, etc. 
 
 Jowett, Rev. Joseph, clergyman and 
 musician, was born in 1784, and died May 13, 
 1856. He was rector of Silk-Willoughby. 
 Compiler of " Lyra Sacra, select extracts 
 
 
 
226 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 JOYCE. 
 
 from the Cathedral music of the Church of 
 England, for 1, 2, 3, and 4 voices . . . ," Lon- 
 don, 1825. " A manual of Parochial Psalmody, 
 containing 142 Psalm and Hymn tunes, by 
 various authors, London, 1832. 
 
 Joyce, Patrick Weston, LL.D., Irish 
 writer, born at Ballyorgan, Limerick, in 1827. 
 Compiler of " Ancient Irish ]\Iusic, compris- 
 ing one hundred airs hitherto unpublished, 
 many of the old popular songs, and several 
 new songs, etc., Dublin, 1873. Irish Names 
 of Places, 2 vols., 1869-70. Old Celtic 
 Romances, 1879. Irish music and song, a 
 collection of songs in the Irish language set to 
 music, London, 1888. 
 
 Joze, Thomas Richard Qonzalvez, 
 composer and organist, born at Dublin, Sep- 
 tember 2C, 1853. Entered as chorister in 
 Christ Church Cathedral, 1861 ; and was 
 deputy organist, 1869. Organist of St. Paul's, 
 Glengarry, 1870; at present time organist of 
 Christ Church, Leeson Park, Dublin. Grad- 
 uated Mus. Doc, 1877, Dublin. Is professor 
 of organ and harmony, R.I. A.M. ; Examiner 
 to Commissioners of Intermediate Education 
 in Ireland, and to the Royal University of 
 Ireland. Conductor of the Strollers' Club ; 
 The Sackville Hall Choral Society, and Grand 
 organist of the Grand Lodge of Freemasons, 
 Ireland. His compositions include two can- 
 tatas, •' The Prophecy of Capys," and " A 
 Dream of the Fairies" ; Prize Festival Hymn, 
 " St. Patrick's Breastplate"; Hibernian Catch 
 Club first prize Glee, 1871, " The dead Soldier "; 
 Part-songs, pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Jude, William Herbert, organist and 
 comi^oser, born at Westleton, Suffolk, 1851. 
 Sometime organist of the Blue Coat Hospital, 
 Liverpool ; founder of the Purcell Society, 
 Liverpool ; Editor of the " IMonthly Hymnal "; 
 Organist, 1889, of Stretford Town Hall, near 
 Manchester. He has given recitals in various 
 places ; lectured on musical subjects in Great 
 Britain, and in Australia. An operetta, 
 " Innocents Abroad," was produced at Liver- 
 pool in 1882 ; and he has written a number 
 of songs, etc. 
 
 Karn, Frederick James, organist and 
 composer, born at Leatherhead, August 29, 
 1862. Organist at Cobham, Surrey ; now of 
 St. John's, Downshire-hill, Hampstead. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1885, Cambridge. Has 
 given concerts at St. John's College, Hurst- 
 pierpoint ; and was appointed conductor, 
 1889, of the Science and Art School Orchestral 
 Society, South Kensington. He has comx^osed 
 church music, songs, etc. 
 
 Keach, Benjamin, clergyman and mu- 
 sician, was pastor of the Baptist Church in 
 Goaty ard Passage, Horsleydown, South wark, 
 in latter part of 17th century. Author of 
 " The Breach repaired in God's worship, or 
 
 KEELEY. 
 
 singing of psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs 
 proved to be an holy ordinance of Jesus Christ," 
 London, 1691. " Spiritual Melody," 1691 ; 
 a collection of psalms, etc., the publication of 
 which, and of the pamphlet named, led to a 
 secession in his congregation 
 
 Kearns, William Henry, Irish musician, 
 born in 1794. He was an instrumentalist 
 and teacher in London. Died in London, 
 December 28, 1846. Composer of "Bachelors' 
 Wives, or the British at Brussels," operetta, 
 1817 ; Songs of Christmas for family choirs. . 
 1847; Songs, pf. music, etc. With H. J. 
 Gauntlett, he edited " The Comprehensive 
 Tune Book." 
 
 Kearton, Joseph Harper, tenor vocalist 
 and composer, born at Knaresborough, October 
 25, 1848. At the age of seven he joined the 
 choir of Trinity Church there, and was 
 appointed, when fourteen, organist of the 
 Congregational Church. Three years later 
 he became a tenor singer at York IMinster. 
 There he studied with Mr. Howard Herring, 
 and had some assistance from Dr. E. G. Monk. 
 In 1867 he was oppointed a vicar choral at 
 Wells Cathedral, and held other offices in the 
 locality. He studied there with Edward 
 Herbert, with a view to the profession of 
 organist and teacher, and passed his exercise 
 for the degree of Mus. Bac. His singing 
 attracting attention, he devoted himself to 
 that art exclusively, and studied for a time at 
 the R.A.M., and .in 1877 was made a vicar 
 choral of Westminster Abbey. He sang at the 
 Chester and Bristol Festivals, 1882, and 
 Hereford, 1885 ; at the Crystal Palace, Monday 
 Popular Concerts, and has taken part in many 
 notable performances. He has composed 
 anthems ; Six organ voluntaries ; Songs and 
 duets ; and contributed to the pasticcio, 
 " Harold Glynde." His daughter, Annie 
 Kearton, made her debut as a soprano vocal- 
 ist, in London, June, 1893. 
 
 Keddie, Henrietta, Sarah Tytler, 
 Scottish novelist and writer, born at Cupar 
 Fife, March 4, 1827. Authoress of " Musical 
 Composers and their Works," London, 1875 ; 
 2nd ed., 1877. Also writer of other biogra- 
 phical works, and many novels. 
 
 Keeble, John, organist and composer, 
 born in Chichester, 1711. Chorister in Chi- 
 chester Cathedral, under Kelway. He studied 
 music under Pepusch, and became organist of 
 S. George's, Hanover Square, London, in 1737. 
 Organist of Ranelagh Gardens. He died at 
 London, December 24, 1786. 
 
 Works. — Five Books of Organ Pieces. 
 Songs, etc. The Theory of Harmonics, or an 
 Illustration of the Grecian Harmonies, Lon- 
 don, 1784. 
 
 Keeley, Mary Anne, bom Goward, 
 vocalist and actress, born at Ipswich, Novem- 
 ber 22, 1805. Studied singing under Mrs. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 227 
 
 KEETON. 
 
 Henry Smart (sister-in-law of Sir George 
 Smart), and made her cUbut in Dublin in 
 1824. She sang in " Rosina " at the Lyceum 
 Theatre, London, July 2, 1825 ; and was the 
 original Mermaid in the production of Weber's 
 <'Oberon," Covent Garden, April 12, 1826. 
 After her marriage with Mr. Robert Keeley 
 ^died, 1860), she was seen only in comedy, in 
 which she acquired a high reputation. When 
 she retired from public life, her interest in 
 the stage continued. She was present at the 
 benefit to Ada Swanborough, Strand Theatre, 
 December, 1884 ; and opened the new Theatre 
 at Ipswich, March 28, 1891, with an address. 
 Her 90th birthday was celebrated by a grand 
 reception at the Lvceum Theatre, November 
 22, 1895. 
 
 Keeton, Haydn, organist and composer, 
 born at Mosborough, near Chesterfield, Octo- 
 ber 26, 1847. Received his musical training 
 at St. George's Chapel Royal, Windsor. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1869 ; Mus. Doc, 1877, 
 Oxford. Was appointed organist of Datchet 
 Parish Church, 1867; and of Peterborough 
 Cathedral, 1870. Sometime Examiner, Col- 
 lege of Organists ; Conductor and organist, 
 Peterborough and Lincoln Cathedral Festi- 
 vals ; Conductor, Peterborough Choral Union, 
 etc. He has composed an Orchestral Sym- 
 phony ; Give ear. Lord, unto my prayer 
 (Meadowcroft Prize) ; I will alway give thanks, 
 and other anthems ; Church Services ; Offer- 
 tory Sentences (College of Organists' Prize) ; 
 Pf. pieces, songs, etc. Author of Church and 
 Cathedral Choristers' Singing ]\Iethod, Lon- 
 don, Cocks, 1892. 
 
 His father, Edwin Keeton, has been 
 organist of Eckington Parish Church since 
 1848, and has taken an active part in the 
 Festivals of the Derby Archidiaconal Choral 
 Association, etc. 
 
 Keith, Robert William, pianist and 
 writer, was born at Stepney, London, in 1787; 
 died, London, June 19, 1846. Author of " A 
 IMusical Vade Mecum, being a compendious 
 introduction to the whole Art of Music," 
 Loudon, 1820, 2 vols. " Instructions for the 
 Pianoforte.." London [18.33]. "Tutor for 
 the German Flute " ; " Britannia, mourn : 
 elegiac verses on the death of Princess Char- 
 lotte," 1817, etc. 
 
 Kellie, Lawrence, tenor vocalist and 
 composer, of Scottish descent, born in London, 
 April 3, 1862. He was musical from childhood, 
 but was articled to a solicitor, and did net 
 adopt the profession of music until 1884. 
 Studied for a time at R A.M., but chiefly 
 under IMr. Randegger as a private pupil. 
 Made his debut at the Covent Garden Prom- 
 enade Concerts, in November, 1886 ; and 
 commenced giving vocal recitals at Stein way 
 Hall, May 23, 1887. He has sung in the 
 provinces, and has made a reputation ; but is 
 
 KELLY. 
 
 more widely known as a song composer. His 
 works in this direction are already very 
 numerous, and include : All for thee ; My 
 fairest child ; This heart of mine ; Douglas 
 Gordon ; A winter love song ; The city of 
 night, and many others. It is understood 
 that Sir. Kellie has an opera in course of 
 completion. 
 
 Kellie, Thomas Alexander Erskine, 
 sixth Earl of, Scottish amateur musician, 
 was born September 1, 1732. He studied 
 music in Germany, under Stamitz. Suc- 
 ceeded his father, as sixth Earl of Kellie in 
 1756, but afterwards sold most of the Kellie 
 property. He died at Brussels (unmarried), 
 October 9, 1781. He composed a number of 
 overtures (The IMaid of the Mill, 1761, etc.) ; 
 Symphonies and other works, some of which 
 were produced at Ranelagh and Vauxhall. 
 A collection of some of his compositions was 
 issued as " Minuets and Songs now for the 
 first time published, with an introductory 
 notice by C. K. Sharpe," Edinburgh, 1839. 
 Songs, etc. He was reckoned among the 
 most respectable amateur violinists of his 
 time, and was a composer of some ability. 
 
 Kelly, Charles W., baritone vocalist, 
 member of the choirs of St. Patrick and 
 Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, and pro- 
 fessor of singing in the R.I.A.jM. He has a 
 reputation in the concert room, and ranks 
 among the best singers in Ireland. His 
 brother, Thom.\s Grattan Kelly, is a bass ; 
 vicar choral of St. Patrick's and Christ Church 
 Cathedrals, Dublin, and member of the choir 
 of Trinity College. He is also recognised in 
 the concert-room as an artist, both as regards 
 voice and style. 
 
 Kelly, Michael, composer and vocalist, 
 born in Dublin, 1762. He studied singing 
 under Rauzzini, and also at Naples under 
 Aprile, etc., 1779. Debut as vocalist at Dub- 
 lin, 1779. Travelled in Italy, and became 
 acquainted with Mozart. Debttt at Drury 
 Lane, as Lionel in " Lionel and Clarissa." 
 Sang at Concerts of Ancient Music, Handel 
 Commemoration, in English Provinces, Ire- 
 land, etc. jManager of King's Theatre, 1793. 
 He died at Margate, October 9, 1826. 
 
 Works. — Musical Dramas, for which the 
 music was chiefly compiled, as — Adelmon the 
 outlaw, M. G. Lewis, 1801 ; The Africans, 
 1808 ; Blind bargain, 1805 ; Blue beard, 1798 ; 
 Bride of Abydos, 1818 ; Castle spectre, 1798 ; 
 Cinderella, 1804 ; Conquest of Taranto, 1817 ; 
 Counterfeit, 1804 ; False appearances, 1789 ; 
 Friend in need, 1797 ; Hero of the north, 
 1803; Of age to-morrow ; Pizarro, 1799; Wood 
 demon, 1807, etc. Six English airs and six 
 Italian duetts, 1790 ; The woodpecker, ballad, 
 and other songs and glees. Elegant extracts 
 for the German flute, 1805. Reminiscences, 
 during a period of nearly half a century, with 
 
228 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 KELWAY. 
 
 original anecdotes of many distinguished 
 persons, London, 2 vols., 1826 ; 2nd edition, 
 1826. 
 
 His niece. Prances Maria Kelly, a singer 
 and actress, was born at Brighton, October 
 15, 1790. First appeared in Blue Beard in 
 1798, and sang at Drury Lane and other 
 Theatres. She died at Feltham, Middlesex, 
 December 6, 1882, after a life partly spent in 
 trying to elevate the stage in public estima- 
 tion. 
 
 Kelway, Joseph, organist and composer, 
 was born about the beginning of the 18th 
 century [1702] . He studied under Geminiani, 
 and was organist of St. Michael's, Cornhill, 
 London, till 1736. Organist St. Martin-in- 
 the-Fields, 1736. Instructor on harpsichord 
 to Queen Charlotte. He died in 1782. He 
 composed Six sonatas and lessons for the 
 harpsichord, Loudon [176i]. Songs, etc. 
 
 Kelway, Thomas, organist and composer, 
 was born about the end of the 17th century. 
 Brother of Joseph. Organist of Chichester 
 Cathedral, 1720. He died at Chichester May 
 21, 1749. 
 
 Works. — Evening services in B minor, A 
 minor, G minor ; Seven services and nine 
 anthems in MS. at Chichester Cathedral. 
 
 Kemble, Adelaide, Mrs. Sartoris, sin- 
 ger and actress, born in 1814. Daughter of 
 Charles Kemble. Appeared first in London 
 as singer. Sang at York Festival, 1885. 
 Travelled in France and Germany. Sang in 
 Italy, 1840. Married Mr. F. Sartoris, 1843. 
 Author of " Past Hours." London, Bentley, 
 1881. She died August 4, 1879. 
 
 Kemble, sec also Arkwright, Mrs. R. 
 
 Kemble, Rev, Charles, compiler of 
 " Church Psalmody : a selection of Tunes 
 and Chaunts in four parts," 1840. Also of 
 various works on duties of clergymen, ser- 
 mons, etc. 
 
 Kemble, Gertrude, see sub. Santley 
 Charles. 
 
 Kemp, Joseph, composer, born at Exeter, 
 in 1778. He studied under W. Jackson, and 
 became organist of Bristol Cathedral, 1802. 
 Mus. Bac, Cantab., 1808. Music teacher in 
 London, 1809. Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1809. 
 He died at London, May 22, 1824. 
 
 Works. — The Jubilee, 1809 ; The siege of 
 Isca, 1810 ; The Crucifixion ; Musical illustra- 
 tions of the Lady of the lake, 1810; Musical 
 illustrations of the beauties of Shakespear ; 
 The vocal magazine, Edinburgh, 3 vols., 1798, 
 1800 [edited] , also Bristol, 1807 ; Glees, 2 
 sets, London [1800-1803] ; Twelve songs, op. 
 1, 1799, and others ; chants, duets, anthems, 
 etc. Upwards of one hundred cards contain- 
 ing more than 500 points in music [1810] . 
 New system of twelve Psalmodical melodies, 
 1818 ; Sonatas or lessons for the pf. [1810] ; 
 Musical education, London [1819] . 
 
 KENNEDY. 
 
 His son, John, born at Exeter, 1801 ; Died 
 there, January 14, 1885 ; was lay vicar of 
 Exeter Cathedral. 
 
 Kemp, R., author of "Directions for 
 tuning the Alexandre Harmonium," London^ 
 1874. 
 
 Kemp, Stephen, pianist, born at Yar- 
 mouth, Norfolk, November 8, 1849. Educated 
 at R.A.M. Fellow, and Professor of pf., 
 R.A.M. Has given concerts in London, and 
 is known as the composer of some tasteful 
 pf. pieces; songs, "The Cavalier," etc; tri& 
 for female voices, "0, lady, leave thy silken 
 thread," etc. He is also professor of the pf, 
 at R.C.M., and the Guildhall School. 
 
 Kempson, James, parish clerk of St. 
 George's, Birmingham, was an active par- 
 ticipator in musical doings in that town from 
 the middle of the last century. He started,. 
 in 1766, the Birmingham Choral Society that 
 gave annual performancas in St. Bartholo- 
 mew's Chapel for the "Distressed House- 
 keepers' Charity " ; and his aid was sought 
 for the First Musical Festival held in Bir- 
 mingham, in 1768. It is said that he was 
 assistant conductor of those Festivals to the 
 year 1817. He was called the " Father of the 
 Oratorio Choral Society." He died at a 
 great age, March 10, 1822. 
 
 Kempton, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser, who died in 1762, was organist of Ely 
 Cathedral from 1729. 
 
 Kennedy, Arnold, pianist and teacher, 
 born in London, in 1852. Educated at Edin- 
 burgh High School, and University, where he 
 graduated M.A. His musical studies began 
 with the Tonic Sol-fa system when he was a 
 boy. After leaving Edinburgh, he entered 
 the R.A.M., and was elected an Associate. 
 He took his Mus. Bac. degree at Oxford, 1893. 
 Resident in London as teacher and lecturer. 
 He has published a few songs, and is part 
 composer of children's operetta, "Prince 
 Ferdinand." 
 
 Kennedy, David, tenor vocalist, was born 
 at Perth, on April 15, 1825. He received no 
 regular instruction in singing, but was a pre- 
 centor and teacher for some time in Edin- 
 burgh. He was precentor of Nicolson Street 
 U. P. Church, Edinburgh, for a number of 
 years. He first made himself known through 
 popular concerts which he gave originally in 
 Edinburgh, but afterwards in most of the 
 larger towns in Scotland. Latterly Mr. Ken- 
 nedy sung in Africa, New Zealand, America, 
 and London, in all of which places he has 
 met with extraordinary success, giving con- 
 certs of Scottish song along with his family. 
 He died at Stratford, Ontario, Canada, Oct- 
 ober 12, 1886. 
 
 He had a large family, most of whom were 
 musicians. David (born at Perth, 1849 ; 
 died, Pietermaritzburg, December 5, 1885), 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 229 
 
 KENNEDY. 
 
 was a tenor singer ana journalist, and wrote 
 "Singing round the World," which is incor- 
 porated in his sister's book mentioned below. 
 James (born 1856; died March 23, 1881), was 
 a baritone singer, and perished in the fire at 
 the Opera House, Nice, where he had been 
 studying under Lamperti aloiig with his 
 sisters, Kate (born 1861 ; died March 23, 
 1881), who was a contralto, and Lizzie (1863- 
 1881), who was a soprano. Other nierabers 
 of the family are Robert, a tenor singer, who 
 studied at Milan, and gives Scots concerts on 
 lines similar to his father; now in Australia. 
 Helen (Mrs. Campbell), a soprano ; Marjory 
 (Mrs. Eraser), a contralto, who wrote a book 
 called " David Kennedy, the Scottish singer," 
 Paisley, 1887 ; and Margaret, who was, to 
 1890, sub-professor in the Royal Academy of 
 Music, London. 
 
 Kennedy, Rev. Rann, clergyman and 
 musician, born in 1773. Incumbent of St. 
 Paul's Chapel, Birmingham. Died at Bir- 
 mingham, January 2, 1851. Author of 
 "Thoughts on the music and words of 
 Psalmody as at jDresent in use among the 
 members of the Church of England," Lon- 
 don, 1821. " Church of England Psalm 
 Book," 1821. Poems and other literary works. 
 
 Kenney, Charles Lamb, playwright and 
 writer, born in 1823; died at London, August 
 25, 1881. Author of "Memoir of Michael 
 William Balfe," London, 1876. He was also 
 a musical critic and barrister-at-law. 
 
 Kenningham, Alfred, tenor vocalist. 
 A member of the choir of St. Andi-ew's, Wells 
 Street, London. In 1872 he was elected 
 assistant vicar choral ; and in 1888, vicar 
 choral, St. Paul's Cathedral. Ho has been 
 heard in concerts in London and the provinces, 
 and is the composer of " The hour of love," 
 and other songs. 
 
 Kenningham, Charles, tenor vocalist, is 
 a nati\e of Yorkshire. In 1886 he was 
 appointed to the Choir of Canterburj' Cathe- 
 dral, where he remained about four years. 
 He made his stage debut, January 31, 1891, 
 in Sullivan's "Ivanhoe," as De Bracy, a.nd 
 afterwards sang in " La Basoche." He then 
 went on tour with the D'Oyly Carte Company 
 in the "Nautch Girl," "Vicar of Bray," 
 "Jane Annie," and other light operas; and 
 sang at the Savoy Theatre in " Haddon Hall," 
 etc. 
 
 Kent, James, organist and composer, 
 born at W^inchester, March 13, 1700. He was 
 a chorister in Winchester Cathedral under 
 Vaughan Richardson [1711-1714], and in the 
 Chapel Royal under Dr. Croft. Successively 
 organist of Parish Church of Finedon, North- 
 ampton, till 1731 ; Trinitv College, Cambridge, 
 till 1737 ; and Winchester Cathedral, 1737-74. 
 He died at Winchester, May 6, 1776. He 
 composed Services in C and D, and " Twelve 
 
 KERR. 
 
 Anthems " 1773,vol. 1 ; and " Eight Anthems," 
 vol. 2, edited by Corfe. Kent's Anthems, 
 edited by T. Graham, London, 1844, 2 vols. ; 
 An edition edited by Vincent Novello ; also 
 manj' single anthems. 
 
 Kenward, William Daniel, composer 
 and vocalist, born at Lewes, March 21, 1797. 
 He studied under the Ashleys, and he was a 
 chorister in Durham Cathedral under Dr. 
 Camidge, and from there was appointed pre- 
 centor of the West Church, Aberdeen, 1824-28. 
 In 1828 he became precentor of the High 
 Church, Edinburgh, and he acted as singing 
 master at Heriot's Hospital from 1837, and 
 conductor of the Harnronists' Society from 
 1829 till 1860. He died at Edinburgh, May 1, 
 1860. 
 
 Works. — Sacred Harmony [1839] also 
 [1848]. The Psalmody of Scotland, 1855. 
 The Scottish Psalm and Tune Book, 1855. 
 Collection of the Sacred Music of the Church 
 of Scotland . . to which is prefixed the rudi- 
 ments of ]\Iusic, and scales and exercises for 
 the voice, Edinburgh, n.d. 
 
 Kenway, Helen, a teacher of music afc 
 Bath, desirous of extending the means of aid- 
 ing musicians disabled by ill-health, or other 
 causes, and to provide a school for orphan 
 girls, has devoted herself entirely to the 
 realisation of these benevolent objects. Be- 
 ginning, about 1877, by taking one girl into 
 her sister's school at Bath, she gradually 
 extended her operations ; and in 1883 took a 
 house in London. Since 1894 the Orphan 
 School has been located at 16, Norland Square, 
 Notting Hill, and there Miss Kenway gives 
 her time and means entirely to this institution, 
 the only one of its kind connected with the 
 musical profession, and dependent upon the 
 voluntary pecuniary aid of those interested 
 in her philanthropic work. 
 
 Kerfoot, Joseph, blind organist, was born 
 at the end of last century. For over 53 years 
 he was organist of the Parish Church, Leigh, 
 Lancashire. He died at Leigh, in August, 
 1884. 
 
 His son, Joseph, was born in 1819, and was 
 organist of Winwick Parish Church from 
 1837 to 1890, when he retired. He died at 
 Leigh, in j\Iay, 1894. 
 
 Thojias, brother of the first named, was a 
 native of Chester, and for over 50 years was 
 organist of Warrington Parish Church. He 
 published a book entitled " Parochial Psalm- 
 ody," 1838. 
 
 Kerr, Mrs. Alexander, born Louisa 
 Hay, song-writer and authoress of the present 
 century She wrote a number of sentimental 
 ballads, and a few part-songs, words and music. 
 Among the former may be named, "Melodies, 
 the Words written and the Music composed 
 by Mrs. Alexander Kerr," London, D'Almaine 
 [1835] ; Evening hymn, etc. 
 
230 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 KETTLE. 
 
 Kettle, Charles Edward, organist and 
 composer, born at Bury St. Edmunds, INIarcli 
 28, 1833. Organist successively at St. Mar- 
 garet's, Plumstead; St. Nicholas, Plumstead; 
 Holy Trinity, Woolwich ; Hove Parish Church ; 
 Queen's Square Congregational Church, 
 Brighton. He died, March 2, 1895. 
 
 Works. — Sunday School Hymns, London, 
 Weekes ; Songs of the Church ; Northern 
 Psalter ; Chants, ancient and modern ; Kettle's 
 Tune Book : containing 700 original tunes 
 and chants ; Hymn Tunes in various collec- 
 tions ; Service of song. Three operas : Amelie ; 
 Herniina ; The water cure (IMS.). In the 
 dawning ; The voice of music, and other 
 songs. Postlude in C ; ]Marche Solennelle ; 
 Offertoire, etc., for organ. Pf. pieces, various. 
 
 His daughter, Lizzie Kettle, was educated 
 at the London Academy of ]\Iusic ; and is now 
 a teacher of pf., violin, etc., at Brighton. 
 
 Key, Joseph, of Nuneaton, church com- 
 poser, who flourished in the first half of the 
 present century. He wrote a number of 
 inarches for organ, etc., and Eleven Anthems 
 on general and particular occasions, for four 
 voices, n.d. Five anthems, four collects, 
 twenty psalm tunes, etc., London [1790]. 
 Collected anthems, in 4 books, etc. 
 
 Kiallmark, George, composer and violin- 
 ist, born at King's Lynn, February, 1781; 
 baptized in March. He studied under Bar- 
 thelemon, Spagnoletti, and Logier. Violinist 
 in various orchestras, and teacher. Leader 
 at Sadler's Wells, London. Died, Islington, 
 March, 1835. 
 
 Works. — Soiigs : All alone ; Autumn noons ; 
 Banks of the Rhine ; Bound where thou wilt ; 
 Cupid and Hymen ; Fair Haidee ; Fare thee 
 well ; Farewell, bright star ; Helen's Fare- 
 well ; Him I love ; Maid of Athens ; Now 
 each tie ; come, my love; etc., etc. Part- 
 songs : An immense number of divertimentos, 
 fantasias, marches, fanfares, etc., for pf. 
 
 His eldest son, George Frederick, was 
 born in Islington, London, November 7, 1804. 
 He studied at home under his father, Logier, 
 and Moscheles, and at Paris, under Kalk- 
 brenner, and others. He resided in London 
 as a teacher and concert-giver, and died 
 December 13, 1887. Celebrated as a piano- 
 forte player. 
 
 Kidd, William James Pasley, musician 
 and editor of first half of the present century. 
 He compiled " The Chorister's Text-book, 
 containing nearly 200 psalm and hymn-tunes, 
 preceded by a comprehensive Grammar of 
 Music," 1856. One of the contributors to 
 the "British IMi-nstrel." 
 
 Kidson, Frank, musician, of Leeds, com- 
 piler of •' Old English Country Dances . . . 
 with notes, and a bibliography of English 
 country dance music," London, 1890. " Tra- 
 ditional Tunes, a collection of ballad airs, 
 
 KING. 
 
 chiefly obtained in Yorkshire and the South 
 of Scotland . . . ," Oxford, 1891. 
 
 Kilburn, Nicholas, composer and con- 
 ductor, born at Bishop Auckland, February 
 7, 1843. Was privately educated in music. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1880. Since 
 1875 he has been conductor of the Auckland 
 Musical Society; from 1882 of the Middles- 
 borough Musical Union ; and of the Sunder- 
 land Philharmonic, from 1885. He has 
 conducted concerts at Newcastle-on-Tyne ; 
 lectured on music ; and as a zealous amateur, 
 done much to promote musical culture in the 
 north. His compositions include a sacred 
 cantata, " Grant us Thy peace " ; an oratorio, 
 " St. Thomas," both for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra, the latter produced at Bishop 
 Auckland, December, 1886. Psalms 23, and 
 137, for chorus and orchestra; Anthems, and 
 Church services. The Golden River ; The 
 Silver Star, cantatas for female voices. Suite 
 for orchestra (1894) ; Songs and part-songs. 
 Duologue for pf . and violin. Author of pamph- 
 lets : How to manage a Choral Society ; 
 Notes and notions on Music ; Wagner, a 
 sketch of his life and works ; and Parsifal, 
 a pilgrimage to Bayreuth. 
 
 Killen, Rev. William D,, clergyman 
 and writer. President of the Presbyterian 
 College, Belfast, and profess-or of ecclesiastical 
 history. Author of " The Wes minster Divines 
 and the use of instrumental music in the wor- 
 ship of God," Belfast. 1882. " A Catechism 
 of the scriptural authority for the use of in- 
 strumental music in the Christian Church," 
 Belfast, 1885. "Ecclesiastical history of Ire- 
 land," London, 1876, 2 vols. 
 
 Killick, Thomas, musician of early part 
 of present century, who resided at Gravesend 
 as an organist and teacher. Among other 
 works he issued " Original set of Quadrilles 
 and a waltz for the pf.," London [1829]. 
 Also Handel's Overtures, arranged for the 
 organ and pf., Clementi [1823]. 
 
 Kilner, Thomas, organist and author, 
 who died at London, September 30, 1876. 
 Author of "Manual of Psalmody and Chant- 
 ing," 1850; "Pocket Chant Book," 1850; 
 Jottings about choral and congregational ser- 
 vices, organs and organists, Gregorians, 
 benches, and chairs, etc.," London, 8vo, 
 1872 ; second ed., 1873. Numerous pieces of 
 organ music, etc. 
 
 King, Alfred, organist and composer, 
 born at Shelley, Essex, April 24, 1837. He 
 studied for the Church, but was a pupil for 
 organ of Dr. Steggall. Became F.C.O., 1868 ; 
 graduated Mus. Bac, 1872; Mus. Doc, 1890, 
 Oxford. Held organ appointments at Cud- 
 deston Theological College, 1856 ; Eastnor 
 Castle (Earl Somers), 1857-64 ; St. Michael 
 and All Angels, Brighton, 1865-77 ; Brighton 
 Parish Church, 1877 87. Appointed organist 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 231 
 
 KING. 
 
 to Brighton Corporation, 1878 ; and from that 
 date to 1883, was chorus-master and part 
 conductor of the Brighton Musical Festivals. 
 Principal of the Brighton School of ]\Iusic. 
 His works include a cantata, " Deliverance " ; 
 an oratorio, "The Epiphany," produced at 
 Brighton, April U, 1891 ; ]Mas3 in B flat ; an 
 Evening Service in B flat. Madrigal ; ilusic, 
 when sweet voices die, for six voices, Brighton, 
 December, 1886 ; Part-songs, hymns, etc. 
 
 King, Charles, composer and organist, 
 born at Bury-St. -Edmunds, in 1687. Chorister 
 in St. Paul's under Dr. Blow and Jeremiah 
 Clark. Married to sister of J. Clark. Al- 
 moner and INIaster of Choristers, St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, 1707. Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1707. 
 Organist of St. Benet Pink, London, 1708. 
 Vicar-choral of St. Paul's, 1730. He died at 
 London, March 17, 1748. 
 
 Works. — Services in F, C, D. and B flat. 
 Anthems — Rejoice in the Lord ; Hear, O 
 Lord ; pray for the peace of Jerusalem ; 
 Unto Thee, Lord ; Wherewithal shall a 
 young man learn. 
 
 King, Donald William, tenor vocalist, 
 was born in 1812. Was appointed principal 
 tenor. Foundling Hospital, 1845. He sang in 
 Opera at Drury Lane, and with the English 
 Opera Company at the Strand Theatre, in 
 1848. He was a successful ballad singer. 
 Died at Kilburn, London, August 7, 1886. 
 
 King, Frederick, baritone vocalist, born 
 at Lichfield, January 3, 1853. Chorister at 
 St. Mary's, Lichfield, and afterwards studied 
 under John Pearce, Birmingham. Gained a 
 ScholarshijD at the National Training School 
 for Music, in 1876. Made his debut at one of 
 Harrison's Concerts, Birmingham, January 
 30, 1879, and sang at the Birmingham Fes- 
 tival the same year. In 1880 he sang at the 
 Gloucester Festival, and in succession at the 
 other Three Choirs' Meetings ; also at Leeds, 
 in 1880, in the title part in " Elijah ;" and 
 again in 1883-86, creating the part of Lucifer 
 in Sullivan's " Golden Legend." He sang at 
 the Handel Fes'ivals, 1880-82, and 1885; 
 Chester Festival, 1882 ; and at the principal 
 Metropolitan and provincial concerts. He 
 was appointed a professor of singing at R.A.M. 
 in 1890 ; and in 1895 made Hon. K.A.M. 
 
 King, Henry John, organist and com- 
 poser, born in Australia. Composed a cantata 
 " Centennial Ode " (Rev. \Y. Allen), performed 
 at the opening of the Melbourne Exhibition, 
 August 1888. He has also written a choral 
 ballad, "Trafalgar," for men's voices, without 
 accompaniment ; a Morning and Evening 
 Service, with the Communion Office in F, etc. 
 
 King, James, musician, born about 1788. 
 He was a singing master in London. Died, 
 London, August 6, 1855. Author of "An 
 Introduction to the theory and practice of 
 Singing," London [182.3]. "Collection of 
 
 KING. 
 
 Glees, Madrigals, etc."' London [1839]. Psalms 
 of David arranged to chants. London [1840]. 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 King, James, composer and bandmaster 
 of the 5th Dragoons, was born about 1809. 
 When only six years old he was present at 
 the battle of Waterloo with his father, who 
 was a trumpet major. He died at Derby, 
 September 22, 1888. Composer of music for 
 military bands. 
 
 King, Jessie, contralto vocalist. Studied 
 in London, and appeared at the Crystal Palace 
 June 22, 1889, taking part in the concerted 
 music in "Elijah," performed on Festival 
 scale in the Handel Orchestra. She was en- 
 gaged for the Gloucester Festival of 1892, 
 at Worcester the next year, and at Hereford 
 in 1894 ; singing with much success. Since 
 then she has gained a good position among 
 vocalists of the day. She sang at the Glou- 
 cester Festival, 1895 ; at Tewkesbury Festival 
 and at the Jubilee performance of "Elijah," 
 Crystal Palace, June 27, 1896. 
 
 King, Matthew Peter, composer, born 
 at London, 1773. He studied music under 
 C. F. Horn, and was a teacher and musical 
 director in London. He died at London, 
 January, 1823. 
 
 Works.— Sonatas for pf., op. 1, 2, 5, 14; 
 Rondos, op. 13, 22; Quintet for pf., flute, 
 vn., tenor, and 'cello., op. 16 ; Divertissement 
 for pf., op. 24. The Intercession, oratorio, 
 1817. (This contains the celebrated song, 
 Eve's Lamentation.) Music to Dramas — 
 Matrimony, 1804; The invisible girl, 1806; 
 False alarms (with Braham), 1807 ; One 
 o'clock, or the wood demon (with Kelly), 
 1807; Ella Rosenberg, 1807; Up all night, 
 or the smugglers' cave, 1809 ; Plots, 1810 ; 
 Oh, this love, 1810 ; The Americans (with 
 Braham), 1811 ; Timour the Tartar, 1811 ; 
 The fisherman's hut (with Davy), 1819 ; The 
 magicians (with Braham). The Harmonist, 
 a collection of glees and madrigals, from the 
 classic poets [1814] . A general treatise on 
 music, particularly on harmony or thorough- 
 bass, and its application in composition, Lon- 
 don, 1800. Introduction to the theory and 
 practice of singing at first sight, 1806. Part- 
 songs ; ditets, as The minute gun at sea ; 
 songs, etc. 
 
 His son, C. M. King, composed songs and 
 pf. music. 
 
 King, Oliver A., composer and pianist, 
 born in London, in 1855. Chorister at St. 
 Andrew's, Wells Street. Articled pupil of 
 J. Barnby, and afterwards assistant organist 
 at St. Anne's, Soho. Studied pf. under W. 
 H. Holmes ; and at Leipzig Conservatoritim 
 under Reinecke, and others, 1874-7. Ap- 
 pointed pianist to H.R.H. the Princess Louise, 
 1879, and was in Canada in that capacity, 
 1880-3. While there, he gave recitals in 
 
232 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 KING. 
 
 various towns, and visited New York. He 
 has also given concerts on the continent of 
 Europe. Sometime musical director of St. 
 Marj'lebone Parish Church ; he is now a pro- 
 fessor of pf. at R.A.M. His compositions are 
 very numerous, the principal being named 
 below. 
 
 WoEKS. — Psalm 137, for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra, produced, Chester Festival, 1888. 
 Cantatas : The Romance of the Roses, op. 80; 
 Proserpina, op. 93, female voices, both with 
 orchestra ; The Naiades, female voices ; 
 Morning and Evening Service in D ; Te Deum 
 and Jubilate in D, with free organ accompani- 
 ment. Album of duets ; songs, and part- 
 songs, Soldier, rest; The Curfew (6 voices), 
 etc. Orchestral: Sjni])honj, 'Night ; Concert 
 overtui'c, Among the Pines (Prize, Philhar- 
 monic Society, 1883) ; Concert overture in D 
 minor, produced at Novello Concerts, 1888 ; 
 Concerto, pf. (1885, Brinsmead Prize) ; Con- 
 certo in G minor, violin, Henschel Concerts 
 (Emil Mahr), January 20, 1887. Sonata in 
 t) minor ; Twelve pieces, violin and pf. 
 Legende ; Miniatures, 8 books, and other 
 pieces, i)f. Twelve original voluntaries ; Suite, 
 op. 6 ; Sonata, op. 71, and other compositions 
 for organ, etc. 
 
 King, Robert, composer, was born about 
 the middle of the 17th century. Musician in 
 band of William and Marv, and Queen Anne. 
 Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1696. He died after 
 1711. 
 
 Works. — IMusic in The Banquet of Musick, 
 1688 ; Choice Ayres, Songs, and Dialogues, 
 1684; Comes Amoris, 1687-93. Music to 
 Shadwell's Ode on St. Cecilia's Day, 1690. 
 "Once more 'tis born," Ode on Earl of Exeter, 
 1693. Songs for 1, 2, and 3 voices, composed 
 to a Thoroiigh Basse, for ye organ or harpsi- 
 chord," London, nd. 
 
 King, William, organist and composer, 
 born in 1624. Chorister in Magdalen College, 
 Oxford, 1648. B.A., 1649. Chaplain of Mag- 
 dalen College, 1650-4. Probationer-fellow of 
 All Soul's College, 1654. Organist of New 
 College, Oxford, 1664. He died at Oxford, 
 November 17, 1680. He wrote a Service in B 
 flat, Anthems, etc., and " Poems of Mr. Cowley, 
 and others, composed into Songs and Ayres," 
 Oxford, 1668. 
 
 His father, George King, was organist of 
 Winchester Cathedral. 
 
 Kingsbury, Frederick, pianist, conduc- 
 tor, and teacher, born at Taunton, 1815 (?). 
 Gave his first concerts in his native place, in 
 January, 1841, ];)laying pf. pieces by Hiinten 
 and Thalberg, and also appearing as a vocalist. 
 In 1844 he became a student at the R.A.M. 
 He conducted oratorio concerts at Holborn 
 Theatre ; was director of the London Vocal 
 Academy ; and about 1863, formed the West 
 London Choral L^nion, giving concerts in St. 
 
 KINROSS. 
 
 James's Hall, and assisting, with his choir, at 
 the Crystal Palace concerts. In 1868 he con- 
 ducted the Promenade Concerts at the Agri- 
 cultural Hall ; and up to 1882 was engaged in 
 concert work. In that year he was appointed 
 a professor of singing at the Blackheath Con- 
 servatoire, and was also a professor of pf. at 
 the Guildhall School. He died in London, 
 February 26, 1892, at the age of seventy- 
 seven. 
 
 Author of "The Voice and the structure 
 and management of the vocal organ "... 
 London, 1858. 
 
 Kingston, William Beatty=, journalist 
 and writer on music, born at London in 1837. 
 He was in the Public Record Office in 1852, 
 and in 1856, became attached to the Austrian 
 Consular service. Has acted as special corre- 
 spondent to various newspapers, and travelled 
 much in various parts of Europe. Author of 
 "Music and Manners," London, 1887, Chapman 
 and Hall, 2 vols. ; " Monarchs I have met," 
 1887, 2 vols.; "Wanderer's Notes," 1888, 2 
 vols.; the English libretto of "The Beggar 
 Student," produced by Carl Rosa, 1884; and 
 contributions to The Lute, and other musical 
 journals. In 1884, he received the Order of 
 the Crown of Roumania, being the first English- 
 man so decorated ; and in 1885, the Order of 
 the Redeemer, from the King of Greece. He 
 has also composed some pieces for pf. 
 
 His daughter, M.\rie Antoinette Kings- 
 ton (now Baroness von Zedlitz), has composed 
 a number of songs : Tell her ; Sweetheart, 
 say ? ; For lack of thee ; When leaves are 
 green, and others. Also some compositions 
 for pf. Editor of Luigi Ai'diti's " My Remin- 
 iscences," London, SkcffiTigton, 1896. 
 
 Kinloch, George R., Scottish ballad 
 collector, published " Ancient Scottish Ballads 
 recovered from tradition, and never before 
 published, with notes and an appendix con- 
 taining the airs," Edinburgh, 1827. The 
 dance tune " Kinloch of Kinloch," usually 
 adapted to ConoUy's song, " Mary IMacneil," 
 and also to Andrew Park's " Hurrah for the 
 Highlands," was conr loosed by George Kinloch 
 of Kinloch. It first appeared in Watlen's 
 " Circus Tunes," afterwards in collections of 
 Gow. 
 
 Kinlock, Eliza, bom Traubner, soprano 
 singer, born at London, March 7, 1796. She 
 appeared very early as a ballad singer, and 
 married IMr. Lane, an actor, who died soon 
 after. In 1827 she appeared in the United 
 States, and in the same year married Mr. 
 Kinlock, an actor. She died at Long Branch, 
 New Jersey, August 11, 1887. 
 
 Kinross, John, pianist and composer, 
 born in Edinburgh, October 16, 1848. Ap- 
 prenticed to a music seller, and in early yoi^th 
 mostly self-taught. Was in a telegraph ofHce 
 in Ireland for a short time, and about 1865 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 233 
 
 KINSEY. 
 
 settled in Dundee, studying under G. A. Mac- 
 farren, and others, in London, during his 
 holidays. Settled in London, 1883. Died, 
 December 30, 1890. He was a successful 
 teacher, but devoted most of his time to com- 
 position. His works consist of a Cantata, 
 " Songs in a vineyard," for female voices ; 
 Psalm of life, part-song ; Two-part song 
 (Merry Songsters) ; Song, Bessie Bell and 
 Mary Gray ; Scotch and English songs, etc. 
 Twelve Scandinavian Sketches, op. 16 ; Suite, 
 for small hands, op. 18 ; Three Rondolettos, 
 and other pieces for pf . Twenty-four sketches, 
 in two books, for harmonium, etc. 
 
 Kinsey, Thomas Hague, pianist and 
 composer, born at Liverpool, December 15, 
 1858. Pursued his early studies in private, 
 and went to Leipzig in 1877. There he 
 remained until 1880, studying under Oscar 
 Paul, E. P. Richter, and Jadassohn. Resident 
 in Liverpool as professor of pf. ; organist of 
 Sefton Park Church, and conductor of Sefton 
 Park Musical Society, etc. He has composed 
 several orchestral works ; a trio in A, for pf . 
 and strings, produced, Liverpool, 1889 ; pieces 
 for pf. ; songs, part-songs, and some church 
 music. 
 
 Kirbye, George, composer, who flourished 
 in the latter half of the 16th century. He 
 was a native of Suffolk. He resided mostly 
 in Bury St. Edmunds, where he died in 1634, 
 and is buried in St. Mary's Church. One of 
 the ten composers wlio harmonized Este's 
 Psalms, 1592, and he composed the madrigal 
 for six voices in the "Triumphs of Oriana," 
 entitled " Bright Phoebus," and published 
 " The First Set of English Madrigalls, to 4, 
 5, and 6 voyces," London, Este, 1597. Of 
 this a new edition, edited by G. E. P. Ark- 
 wright, was published in 1891-92. 
 
 Kirk, Helen Drysdale, Scottish contralto 
 vocalist, was born about 1844. She sang in 
 various parts of Scotland, particularly in 
 Edinburgh and Glasgow, along with Mr. Tom 
 Maclagan and others, and was well-known as 
 a successful singer of Scots songs. She died 
 at Glasgow, January 30, 1871. 
 
 Kirkhope, John, amateur musician and 
 conductor, born at Edinburgh, November, 
 1844. In 1881 he established a choir which 
 has performed works of a very high class, 
 chiefly in Edinburgh. The choir is one of 
 the best in Scotland, both as regards the 
 finish of its performances and the quality of 
 the works performed. 
 
 Kirkman, Mrs. Joseph, musician and 
 teacher, author of " A practical analysis of the 
 Elementary principles of Harmony," Lon- 
 don, 1845; "Pianoforte Instructor for the 
 million . . . ," London [1854] ; " Tliree easy 
 lessons for the Spanish guitar," London 
 [1840] ; Pf. exercises, etc. 
 
 Kitchin, Qeorge, organist and conductor. 
 
 KLEIN. 
 
 nephew of the Dean of Winchester. Was 
 organist of St. Saviour's, Brockley, 1871; 
 Holy Trinity, Sydenham, 1874. Has been 
 conductor of the Stock Exchange Orchestral 
 Society since its formation in 1885. In April, 
 1893, he conducted a Festival held in Win- 
 chester Cathedral. 
 
 Kitchiner, William, physician and mus- 
 ician, born London, 1775. Educated at 
 Eton, and graduated M.D , Glasgow. Having 
 inherited his father's fortune, he never prac- 
 tised, but lived mostly in Loudon, devoting 
 his time to scientific and other pursuits. He 
 died at London, February 27, 1827. 
 
 Works. — The cook's oracle (1817) ; Art of 
 invigorating and prolonging life (1822) ; The 
 economy of the eyes (1824) ; The traveller's 
 oracle, 1827. Ivanhoe : or, the Knight Tem- 
 plars, musical drama. The loyal and national 
 songs of England, for one, two, and three 
 voices, selected from original manuscripts 
 and early printed copies in the library of 
 William kitchiner, M.D., London, 1823. The 
 sea songs cf England, etc., Loudon, 1823. 
 Amatory and anacreontic songs set to music, 
 London, n.d. The sea songs of Charles Dib- 
 din, with a memoir of his life and writings, 
 London, 1824. Observations on vocal music, 
 London, 1821. Glees, songs, etc. 
 
 Kiver, Ernest, pianist and organist, born 
 in London, September 22, 1864. Studied at 
 R.A.M., under the late Thomas Wingham; 
 A.R.A.M., and F.R.C.O. Some time organist 
 of St. Bride's, London, and later of The 
 Oratory, Brompton, which position he re- 
 signed in 1893. Has appeared as solo pianist, 
 and, since 1886, given high-class concerts at 
 Princes' Hall and Queen's Hall, bringing 
 forward, especially, important works by 
 English composers. He introduced, for the 
 first time in public, Sterndale Bennett's String 
 Quartet in G (May 14, 1886), Thomas Wing- 
 ham's Quartet (May 8, 1889), and works by 
 other composers. He is a professor of the pf. 
 at the R.A.M. 
 
 Klein, Hermann, musical critic, and 
 teacher of singing, born at Norwich, July 23, 
 1856. Studied singing under Manuel Garcia, 
 1874-7. Appointed professor of singing, Guild- 
 hall School of Music, 1887 ; and director of 
 the opera class, after the death of INIr. Weist 
 Hill, December, 1891. He gave a perform- 
 ance of " Fra Diavolo," at the Lyric Theatre, 
 March 19, 1892. He is the composer of " The 
 Cavalier's Farewell " ; " The Empty Saddle " ; 
 "The Voice," and other songs. Among the 
 undertakings successfully organized by him 
 were the reception held in London in honour 
 of the Jubilee of Dr. Joachim, 1894, and the 
 celebration of the 70th birthday of ilr. August 
 Manns, 1895. In 1879-80, he was musical 
 critic of The Examiner : and has filled a 
 similar post on the Sunday Times, from 1881. 
 
234 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 KLITZ. 
 
 Compiler of "Musical Notes," 188G-7-8-9. 
 Lectured on the "Progress of Opera during 
 the Queen's Reign," 1897. 
 
 Klitz, Philip, organist and composer, 
 born at Lymington, Hampshire, January 7, 
 1805. He was the son of a German musician, 
 George P. Klitz, under whom he studied. 
 Teacher and organist in Southampton, where 
 he held appointments at St. Lawrence and 
 St. Joseph's Churches ; afterwards at All 
 Saints'. He died at Southampton, January 
 12, 1854. Composer of " Songs of the Mid- 
 Watch," 1838, and numerous single songs. 
 Author of " Sketches of life, character and 
 scenery in the New Forest," 1850. 
 
 His son, George, was also a composer, and 
 his brothers William (died 1857), Charles 
 (died 1SG4), James Frederick (died 1870j, 
 Robert John and JoHisi Henry (died 1880),' 
 were all musicians. 
 
 Klose, Francis Joseph, composer and 
 writer, born at London, in 1784. He was a 
 member of the orchestra of King's Theatre, 
 and of the Concert of Ancient Music. Teacher 
 of, the pf in London. He died at Maryle- 
 bone, London, March 8, 1830. 
 
 Composer of a large quantity of pf. music, 
 and author of " Practical hints for acquiring 
 thorough-bass," London, 1822. His songs, 
 " My native land," " The Rose," etc., were 
 popular in their day. 
 
 Knapp, William, composer, was born at 
 Wareham, 1698. Was parish clerk of Poole. 
 He died at Poole, Dorset, September, 1768. 
 He published " A Sett of New Psalms and 
 Anthems, in four j^arts. and an Introduction 
 to Psalmody," London, 1738 ; Sod ed. 1741 ; 4th 
 ed., 1750 ; 7th ed. 1762. " New Church Melody, 
 being a Set of Anthems, Psalms. Hymns, etc., 
 in f(jur parts; with an Imploration wrote by 
 Charles I., during his captivity in Carisbrook 
 Castle," Loudon, 1753, 5th ed., 1764. 
 
 Knapton, Philip, pianist and composer, 
 born at York, in 1788. He studied under 
 Hagu3, at Cambridge. Teacher in York. He 
 died on June 20, 1833. He composed over- 
 tures for orchestra, concertos for pf. and 
 orchestra, sonatas for pf., arrangements for 
 pf., songs, part-songs etc. His song " There 
 be none of beauty's daughter," issued about 
 1818, was well known. He also published a 
 " Collection of Tunes for Psalms and hymns, 
 selected as a supplement to those now used 
 m several churches in Y^'ork," York [1810]. 
 
 Knight, Edward, musician and composer, 
 son of Edward Knight, comic song-writer and 
 vocalist (1774-1826), who composed the "Sailor 
 and Soldier," a musical farce, 1805. Young 
 Knight edited " Canadian airs, collected by 
 Lieut. Back, R.N., during the late Arctic 
 Expedition under Captain Franklin, with 
 symphonies and accomjoaniments," London, 
 1823. He also edited his father's " Comic 
 
 KNOWLES. 
 
 Songs and Recitations," London, 1827. His 
 brother was J. Prescott Knight, the painter. 
 
 Knight, Joseph Philip, song-writer, 
 born at Eradford-on-Avon, July 26, 1812. He 
 studied under Corfe of Bristol Cathedral. 
 Vicar of S. Agnes in the Scilly Isles. Retired 
 latterly from the ministry. He died at Great 
 Yarmcuth, on June 2, 1887. 
 
 Works.— Song's— A little bird told me ; All 
 on the summer sea ; Beautiful Venice ; Bells 
 of Venice ; Breathe not her name ; Beautiful 
 spirit ; Come roam to the greenwood ; Down 
 beneath the waves ; Days gone bye ; Ellen 
 and Patrick ; Farewell to thee, sweet Venice ; 
 Farewell my native land ; Gentle words ; I 
 would I were a child again ; I love the bright 
 and smiling Spring ; Love that blooms for 
 ever ; Music, sweet music ; Merry hearts ; 
 May time ; My mother's song ; Old green 
 lane ; Pale rose the moon ; Parting song ; 
 Rocked in the cradle of the deep; Say, what 
 shall my song be ; She would not know me ; 
 Spring's first violet ; Sleep and the past ; St. 
 David's bells ; She wore a wre ith of roses ; 
 There was a time ; Though thou art cold ; 
 Thou wert not tliere ; Tree of the forest ; The 
 merry muleteer ; The old songs we sang ; The 
 veteran ; What pleasant sounds ; World is a 
 fairy ring; Why chime the bells'? Duets, etc. 
 
 Knight, Thomas, musician and organist, 
 born 1789 ; died November 21, 1811. He was 
 organist of Peterborough Cathedral for a short 
 time. 
 
 Knott, John, musician, son of a Baptist 
 miniNter of Sevenoaks, Kent. He was a 
 chorister in Durham Cathedral, and in 1811 
 became precentor in the West Church, Aber- 
 deen. In 1824 he was appointed precentor 
 of the New North Church, Edinburgh, and 
 music-master at Heriot's Hospital, 1827-37. 
 He died at Edinburgh in 1837. Compiler of 
 " Sacred harmony, being a collection of psalm 
 and hymn tunes . . ," Aberdeen, 1814 ; 2nd 
 edition 1815. " Selection of tunes, in four 
 parts, adapted to the psalms and paraphases 
 of the Church of Scotland," Edinburgh, 
 [1824]. Two of his sons, Phelim and Taver- 
 NOR, attained some distinction in Scotland, 
 the first at a i^oet and the other as a painter. 
 
 Knowles, George, amateur musician, 
 was born in 1749. He was educated at Mar- 
 ischal College, Aberdeen, and was licensed to 
 preach in 1771. He became minister of 
 Birse in Aberdeen, 1778-89. He died at Birse 
 on March 29, 1789. Composer of " Birse," or 
 " Balfour," a psalm tune, which appears in 
 Smith's " People's Tune Book," etc , and 
 other pieces of sacred music. There is a 
 reference to Knowles in Peacock's " Travels 
 in Scotland." He is perhaps best known as 
 author of a descriptive poem on Deeside, 
 which originally ajDpeared in tl:e " Scots'' 
 Magazine," 1814. 
 
BFJTISH MUSICAL RIOGKAPHY. 
 
 235 
 
 KNYVETT. 
 
 Another George Knowles published " Sa- 
 cred Music, consisting of thirty-two hymn 
 tunes, etc.," London, Goulding [1815]. 
 
 Knyvett, Charles, organist and vocaHst, 
 was born on February 22, 1752. He sang at 
 the Handel Commemoration, in 1784, and at 
 the Concerts of Ancient JMusic. Gentleman 
 of the Chapel Royal, 1786. Established, with 
 S. Harrison, the Vocal Concerts, 1791-94. 
 Organist of Chapel Royal, 1796. He died at 
 London, January 19, 1822. Composed Col- 
 lection of favourite glees, catches, and rounds, 
 London, 1800. Six airs harmonized for three 
 and four voices, London, 1815. 
 
 Knyvett, Charles, organist and composer, 
 eldest son of above, was born in 1773. He 
 studied under Parsons and Webbe. Revived 
 the Vocal Concerts with W. Knyvett, Greato- 
 rex, and Bartleman. Organist of St. George's, 
 Hanover Square, 1802. He died on November 
 2, 1852. 
 
 Wrote glees, etc., for "Re-Unions" of the 
 Prince of Wales, London, 18D0. Selection of 
 Psalm tunes sung at St. George's Hanover 
 Square, 1823 ; 2nd ed., 1825 ; 4th ed., 1850. 
 Epitaph in Brading Church Yard, set to music 
 for three voices, September 26, 1831. Col- 
 lection of favourite glees, catches, rounds, 
 etc. ; Eight effusions for the pf., London 
 [1847]. 
 
 Knyvett, Deborah, bom Travis, singer, 
 second wife of William Knyvett, was born at 
 Shaw, near Oldham. She studied under 
 Greatorex, and sang at the concerts of Ancient 
 Music in 1813. Sang at principal London con- 
 certs, 1815-43. Married W. Knyvett, 1826. 
 She died on February 10, 1876. 
 
 Knyvett, William, singer and composer, 
 born April 21, 1779. Youngest son of Charles 
 Knyvett, the elder. Sang at concerts of 
 Ancient jNIusic, 1788. Principal alto, ditto, 
 1795. Gentleman of Chapel Royal, 1797. 
 Lay-Vicar of Westminster Abbey. Composer 
 to the Chapel Royal. He sang at Loudon 
 and Provincial concerts, and was conductor 
 of Concerts of Ancient Music, 1832-40. He 
 died at Ryde, November 17, 1856. He com- 
 posed anthems, glees, songs, etc., but was 
 best known in his day as a vocalist. 
 
 Kollmann, George August, organist and 
 composer, born in London, 1780. Son of 
 Aug. F. C. Kollmann (1756-1829), musician 
 and author. He succeeded his father as 
 organist of the German Chapel Royal, St. 
 James's, 1829. Teacher in London, where 
 he died March 19, 1845. Composer of Three 
 Grand Sonatas for pf. , op. 1, 1808; Six 
 waltzes for the pf. . . , London [1814], etc. 
 He also invented a railway carriage, which 
 had the property of traversing the base of 
 hills, so as to avoid the need for tunnels ; 
 and a new mode of stringing and tuning 
 pianofortes. His sister, Johanna Sophia 
 
 LACY. 
 
 (died, London, in May, 1849), succeeded him 
 as organist of the German Chapel Royal in 
 1845. 
 
 Kyte, Francis, author of " Memoir re- 
 lating to the Portrait of Handel . . ," 1829. 
 
 Lablache, Fanny Wyndham, bom 
 
 W^iLTON, contralto vocalist, who studied at 
 the R.A.M., 1836-7. DtbiU at the Lyceum. 
 Sang at H.M. Theatre, etc. Married Frederic 
 Lablache, son of Luigi, and retired from the 
 stage. She died at Paris, Sej^tember 23, 1877. 
 
 Lacy, Frederick St. John, composer 
 and teacher of singing, born at Blackrock, 
 County Cork, Ireland, March 27, 1862. Son 
 of Lieutenant John Francis Lacy, J. P. Edu- 
 cated at Dublin, and intended for the Bar. 
 Deciding for music, he became a student at 
 the Cork School of Music, 1880-3 ; then a 
 private pupil of H. C. Sweitz ; finally entering 
 the R.A.JNL, in 1886, and studying under Sir 
 G. A. Macfarren, E. Prout, W. H. Cummings 
 and others. A.R.A.M. 1888, and Associate of 
 the Philharmonic Society. Has held various 
 appointments, and was director of the choir 
 at St. Augustine's Ramsgate, 1893-4. His 
 lectures and recitals, " Notes on Irish music," 
 and " Song and Ballad music," have been 
 given in London and the country ; and he 
 has contributed to the " Musical Standard " 
 and other papers. 
 
 Works. — Four songs, op. 1 ; Annabel Lee, 
 for tenor solo, chorus, and orchestra, op. 2 ; 
 Three songs, op. 3 ; Three songs, op. 5 ; Four 
 songs, op. 6 ; Six four-part songs, op. 7 ; 
 Chas;elar, a cycle of songs from the Whyte- 
 Melville Tableaux music, op. 8. Two sketches 
 for violin and pf., op. 4 ; all published. In 
 MS. : Bethlehem, sacred cantata ; Mass in 
 C; Benediction service, in B flat ; Part-songs, 
 etc. Incidental music to A fairy fantasy 
 (1889) ; Whyte-Melviile Tableaux (1890) ; 
 Comic opera. Matrimony (1893) ; IMusical 
 farce, Chaos ; The Indian serenade, tenor 
 solo, chorus, and orchestra (1888). Overtures 
 — Celtic, in A minor (1891) ; Herman and 
 Dorothea. Orchestral serenade, in E ; String 
 quartet, in E, etc., etc. 
 
 Lacy, John, bass vocalist, was born about 
 the end of tlie 18th century. He studied 
 under Rauzzini at Bath. Appeared in Lon- 
 don, Italy, etc., at oratorios and concerts. 
 Married iliss Jackson, vocalist, widow of F. 
 Biauchi, 1812. Received appointment in 
 Calcutta, 1818, but returned to England about 
 1826. Resided on the continent for some time. 
 Died while on a visit to Devonshire, 1865? 
 
 Lacy, MrSo, borji Jackson, wife of above, 
 soprano vocalist. ApjDcared in London, April 
 25, 1798. She married F. Biauchi in 1800, 
 and after his death, in 1810, married Lacy, 
 1812. She went with her husband to Calcutta, 
 where she probably died. 
 
236 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 LAHEE. 
 
 Lahee, Henry, composer and organist, 
 born at Chelsea, April 11, 1826. Studied 
 under Stcrndale Bennett, John Goss, and 
 Cipriani Potter. Organist, from 1847 to 1874, 
 of Holy Trinity Church, Brompton. Resident 
 in Croydon, as professor and composer. Mem- 
 ber of the Philharmonic Society ; and for 
 years a successful pianist and concert-giver. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas — The building of the 
 ship (produced, Finsbury Chapel, Moorfields, 
 December 27, 1869, and publicly performed 
 at the Hanover Square Rooms, May 30, 1870) ; 
 The blessing of the children, (1870) ; The 
 sleeping beauty, and The blind girl of Costel 
 ■Cuill6, both for female voices (the latter still 
 in MS.) ; The jolly beggars (MS.) Anthems — 
 ■Grant, we beseech Thee ; Praise the Lord, 
 and others . . . Prize Glees — Now the bright 
 morning star (1855) ; Hark ! how the birds 
 (Bristol, 1869) ; Hence ! loathed melancholy 
 .{Manchester, 1878) ; Away to the hunt (Glas- 
 gow, 1879) ; Love in my bosom (London, 
 1880); Ah! woe is me (London, 1884). These, 
 with other glees and part-songs have enjoyed 
 great popularity. Instrumental compositions 
 include a suite for violoncello and pf. and pf. 
 pieces. 
 
 Laidlaw, Anna Robena, Mrs. Thomson, 
 pianist, born at Bretton, Yorkshire, April 30, 
 1819. Pupil of Robert Miiller, Edinburgh. 
 Taken to Germany in 1830, where she pursued 
 her studies; and took further lessons from 
 Henri Herz in London, 1834. In 1836 she 
 returned to Germany, and played at the Leip- 
 zig Gewandhaus concerts, July 2, 1837. While 
 there she made the acquaintance of Robert 
 Schumann, who dedicated to her his Phan- 
 tasiestiicke, op. 12. She remained in Germany 
 until 1840, and was appointed pianist to the 
 Queen of Hanover. Her career was continued 
 with much success until the year 1852, when 
 she married Mr. Thomson, a Scotsman, and 
 has since lived in retirement. 
 
 Laing, David, LL.D., antiquary and 
 scholar, born at Edinburgh, 1790 ; died at 
 Portobello, October, 1878. 
 
 Works. — Select remains of the ancient 
 poetry of Scotland, 1822. Early metrical 
 tales, 1826. An account of the Scottish 
 Psalter of a.d. 1566, containing the psalms, 
 canticles, and hymns, set to music in four 
 parts, in the MSS. of Thomas Wode or Wood, 
 Vicar of Sauct Androus, Edinburgh, 4to, 1871. 
 See also Stenhouse, William. 
 
 La Jeunesse, Marie Louise Cecilia 
 Emma, or Albani, soprano vocalist, born of 
 French-Canadian parentage, at Chambly, 
 near Montreal, in 1850. Received her first 
 instruction in music from her father, an ac- 
 complished harpist, and studied at Albany, 
 New York, whither the family removed, in 
 1864. While there she decided to adopt the 
 profession of singing ; and when she made 
 
 LAMBERT. 
 
 her dchut at Messina, in 1870, she appeared 
 under the name of Albani. Previously she 
 had studied at Paris, under Duprez, and at 
 Milan under Lamperti. After singing in 
 various places in Italy, she went to London, 
 and made her first appearance at Covent 
 Garden Opera House, April 2, 1872, as Amina, 
 in '• La Sonnambula," and, with few excep- 
 tions, has sung there every year since that 
 time. Her repertory is very extensive, em- 
 bracing the principal soprano parts in Lucia 
 di Lammermoor, Faust, Mignon, Rigoletto, 
 Flying Dutchman, Lohengrin, Tannhauser, 
 Tristan, and others, her latest addition being 
 the part of Donna Anna in " Don Giovanni." 
 July 23, 1896. She has sung in opera at Paris, 
 Brussels, Berlin, etc. Her Festival debut was 
 made at Norwich, in 1872. The next year 
 she sang at Birmingham, and at every suc- 
 ceeding Festival ; at the Three Choirs, since 
 1877, at Gloucester (with two exceptions) ; 
 at Bristol, from 1870; and at Leeds, 1877. 
 She has been heard at all the principal con- 
 certs ; has made several tours in Canada, and 
 the United States, and alike in oratorio, opera, 
 and ballad, has held a commanding position. 
 From 1885 onward, she has frequently sung 
 before the Queen, who has more than once 
 visited her at Old Mar Lodge. In 1878, she 
 married Mr. Ernest Gye. 
 
 Lake, George Handy, composer and 
 writer, born at LTxbridge, June, 1827. Editor 
 of the Musical Gazette. Held various London 
 organ appointments. He died at London, 
 December 24, 1865. Composer of " Daniel," 
 oratorio, 1852, and a number of part-songs, 
 ballads, pieces of dance music, etc. 
 
 Lake, George Ernest, organist and 
 composer, son of George Handy Lake, born in 
 London, May 29, 1854. Organist and music- 
 master, St. George's School, Branrpton, 
 Hunts., 1876 ; St. John's Episcopal Church, 
 Edinburgh; Weybridge Church; All Saints', 
 North Kensington, from 1885. Of repute as 
 an organ player, he was also known as a 
 scholar ; and the papers read before the College 
 of Organists, and other bodies, were varied 
 and able. He was an Examiner for Trinity 
 College, London, and a member of the Musical 
 Neios Syndicate. He died in London, March 
 15, 1898. His compositions consisted of 
 anthems, hymn tunes, chants, etc. ; some 
 organ pieces, and part-songs. Also a musical 
 comedy, " Sweepstakes," produced at Terry's 
 Theatre, INIay 21, 1891. 
 
 Lamb, Benjamin, organist and composer, 
 who flourished about the beginning of the 
 18th century. Organist of Eton College. 
 Composed organ and church music, songs, etc. 
 
 Lambert, George Jackson, organist 
 and composer, born at Beverley, November 16, 
 1794. He studied under his father, S. T. Lyon, 
 and Dr. Crotch. Organist of Beverley INIinster, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 237 
 
 LAMBERT. 
 
 1818-1875. He died at Beverley, January 24, 
 1880. Wrote sonatas, trios, overtures, septet 
 for strings, British concerts, 1823 ; Dance 
 music for pf., etc. 
 
 His father, Geoege Lambert, who died at 
 Beverley on July 15, 1818, was organist of 
 Beverley Minster for 41 years. 
 
 Lambert, James, musician and painter, 
 was born at Jevington, Sussex, in 1725. He 
 resided at Lewes as a painter, music teacher 
 and organist of St. Thomas-at-Cliffe. Died at 
 Lewes, December 7, 1788. We have not found 
 any published works of this musician. 
 
 Lambert, Sir John, distinguished civil 
 servant, and first Permanent Secretary to the 
 Local Government Board, demands mention 
 here on account of his services to Roman 
 Catholic Church music. He was born at 
 Bridzor, Tisbury, Wiltshire, February 4, 1815, 
 and died at Milford House, Clapham Common, 
 January 27, 1892. He was a member of the 
 St. Cecilia Academy, Rome, and the recipient 
 of a gold medal from Pius IX. for his arrange- 
 ments of the Psalms and Antiphons of the 
 Roman Liturgj'. His public and political life 
 is dealt with in the memoir in Vol. XXXII. 
 of the Dictionarv of National Biography 
 (London : Smith, Elder & Co., 1892). 
 
 Works. — Totuni Antiphonarium Vesperale 
 Organistrum in Ecclesiis accommodatum, 
 1849 ; Hymnarium Vesperale, Hymnos Ves- 
 perales totius anni complectens ; Ordinarium 
 Missse e Graduale Romano in usum organis- 
 trarum adaptatum, 1851 ; The true mode of 
 accompanying the Gregorian Chant, 1848 ; 
 Harmonising and singing the Ritual song ; 
 Grammar of Plain Chant ; INIusic of the 
 Middle Ages, 1857, etc. He also collaborated 
 in the preparation of other works on Liturgical 
 Music. 
 
 Lambeth, Henry Albert, organist and 
 conductor, born at Hardway, near Gosport, 
 January 16, 1822. Studied the organ under 
 Thomas Adams and Henry Smart, upon whose 
 recommendation he was appointed Glasgow 
 City Organist in 185-3. He was conductor of 
 the Glasgow Choral Union, 1859-80; of the 
 new West of Scotland Choral Union, 1885. 
 Formed a choir, which gave its first concert 
 in 1874, and was then called by his name ; 
 afterwards known as the " Balmoral Choir " ; 
 and now the famed Glasgow Select Choir. 
 This he left in 1878. He was organist at St. 
 Mary's Episcopal Church, Glasgow, and later, 
 at Park Church. He died at Glasgow, June 
 27, 1895. His compositions were settings of 
 Psalms 86, and 137, both performed by the 
 Glasgow Choral Union ; various songs and 
 pf. pieces. He edited (with D. Baptie) The 
 Scottish Book of Praise, 1876 ; and arranged 
 a number of Scotch songs for choral singing. 
 
 Lamond, Frederick A., pianist and 
 composer, born at Glasgow, January 28, 1868. 
 
 LANCIA. 
 
 Studied at first with his brother, David La- 
 mond. In 1880 he was organist of Laurieston 
 Parish Church, and gave organ recitals. He 
 studied the violin, while in Glasgow, with H. 
 C. Cooper, and with Heerman when he went 
 to Frankfort, in 1882. While at the Raff 
 Conservatorium in that town, his master for 
 pf. was Max Schwarz, and for composition, 
 Anton Urspruch. Later, he had lessons from 
 Hans von Billow, and Liszt. He made an 
 appearance at a concert at Berlin, November 
 17, 1885, and achieved a great success ; he 
 also played at Vienna shortly after. He gave 
 his first recital on his return to Glasgow, 
 March 8, 1886, and was heard in London the 
 same month, at the Princes' Hall ; but he 
 removed to St. James's Hall for the fourth 
 recital, April 15, when he was honoured by 
 the presence of the Abbe Liszt, then on his 
 last visit to London. The next few years he 
 was chiefly in Germany ; but he played at the 
 Crystal Palace (Saint-Saens Concerto, No. 4, 
 in C minor), April 5, 1890 ; and at the Phil- 
 harmonic (Brahms' Concerto, No. 2, in B flat), 
 May 14, 1891. Since then he has still further 
 advanced his claim to be placed among the 
 leading pianists of the day. He plays fre- 
 quently in Germany, and was in Berlin in 
 February, 1896, and visited Russia later in the 
 year. His compositions are not yet very 
 numerous, but they include a Symphony in 
 A, produced by the Glasgow Choral LTnion, 
 December 23, 1889 ; An overture, " Aus dem 
 Schottischen Hochlande," performed by the 
 Philharmonic Society, March 7, 1895 ; A pf. 
 trio; Sonata, pf. and violoncello, op. 2; Eight 
 pieces for -pt., op. 1, etc. 
 
 Lampe, Mrs., sec Young Isabella. 
 
 Lancaster, Joseph, organist and com- 
 poser, editor of the " Leeds Tune Book," 
 London, 1868 ; London, 1875, etc. Composer 
 of ballads, dance music, etc. 
 
 Lancia, Florence, soprano vocalist, born 
 in London, March 20, 1840. Of Irish descent 
 on her father's side. In 1856 she was taken 
 to Milan and received lessons for a few months 
 from Antonio Sangiovanni ; and, returning to 
 London, was instructed by Signer Brizzi, 
 through whose aid she secured an engagement 
 at Turin, making her debut, early in 1858, as 
 Rosina in " II Barbiere." She then toured 
 in opera and concerts in Ireland and Scotland, 
 and sang in the first series of Monday Popular 
 Concerts, January 3, 1859. In 1861 she was 
 articled for five years to Frank ]\Iori, but 
 continued her public career. She first sang 
 in oratorio at Exeter Hall, January 22, 1862, 
 in Haydn's "Creation" ; and from that time 
 until 1874 was constantly before the public, 
 in opera and on the concert platform. She 
 appeared as prima donna in at least thirty 
 operas, including the chief works of Donizetti, 
 Bellini, Verdi, Balfe, Wallace, Benedict, Auber, 
 
238 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 LAND. 
 
 etc., and also in " Don Giovanni," " Der Freis- 
 chiitz," and " L'Africaine." She toured in 
 the provinces with her own opera company in 
 1867, etc. ; sang in opera at the Crystal Palace, 
 1872 ; at the Gaiety Theatre, etc. One of her 
 greatest triumphs was at the Norwich Festival 
 of 1872, when, at shortest notice, she added 
 to her own work, that allotted to INIlle. Titiens, 
 in "Elijah," and Benedict's "St. Peter," the 
 audience rising en masse to cheer her. After 
 her retirement in 1874, she sang for a few 
 years at Mr. Samuel Brandram's Shaksperean 
 recitals ; and now teaches the art in which 
 she had been so successful. 
 
 Land, Edward, pianist and composer, 
 born at London, 1815. One of the children 
 of the Chapel Royal. Accompanist to John 
 Wilson, the Glee and Madrigal Union, etc. 
 Secretary of the Noblemen and Gentlemen's 
 Catch Club. He died at London, November 
 29, 1876. 
 
 Works. — Scottish melodies arranged as 
 songs without words, pf. ; Lady Nairn's Lays 
 from Strathearn, do. ; Miscellaneous pf. works. 
 Songs : A loving heart ; Birds of the Sea ; 
 You know not how I've missed you ; My 
 Gentle Elodie ; Mine, love ? yes or no ; Bird 
 of beauty, wing your flight ; Sighs that only 
 love can share ; So sweet is love's young 
 spring ; What can the heart want more ; 
 Angel's watch; Dreaming and waking; Italian 
 flower girl's song ; etc. Part-songs, arrange- 
 ments, etc. Nine four-part Songs, harmon- 
 ized, London, 1862. 
 
 Lane, E. Burritt, organist and composer, 
 born at Christchurch, Hants, in 1849. Studied 
 at Trinity College, London ; now Examiner 
 there. Graduated Mus. Bac, Durham, 1891. 
 Orgp,nist of Bromley Parish Church to 1896 ; 
 then appointed to New Weighhouse Congre- 
 gational Church, Duke Street, Grosvenor 
 Square, London. Is professor of organ, etc., 
 at Bromley School of Music. Has published 
 a Te Deum, and other Church music ; also 
 songs. Contributed articles to CasseU's Maga- 
 zine, Academic Gazette, and Musical Neivs. 
 
 Lane, George William Brand, con- 
 ductor, and choir-trainer, born in London, 
 August l-S, 18-54, but from infancy to the age 
 of twenty lived in Brighton. Tonic Sol-fa 
 student, and choir-trainer, Brighton. In 
 1875, removed to Manchester, where he con- 
 ducted large Tonic Sol-fa classes, and formed 
 a "Temperance Choir," which took the first 
 prize in competitions at the Crystal Palace, 
 in 1884-6, and 1889. In 1880, he founded the 
 Manchester Philharmonic Society, which has 
 a great reijutation for refined unaccompanied 
 singing. The Society also gave oratorios, 
 cantatas, and operas in connection with Mr. 
 Do Jong's concerts ; and was invited by (Sir) 
 Charles Halle to co-operate with his choir in 
 the opening and closing ceremonies of the 
 
 LARA. 
 
 ]\Ianchester Jubilee Exhibition of 1887. Mr. 
 Lane has been very successful as a voice- 
 trainer, many of the leading local singers 
 having been under his tuition. 
 
 Lane, Gerald M., is the composer of a 
 number of songs : Only dreaming ; Dawn at 
 last ; Lovers ; Sleeping and waking ; Love's 
 vigil; Tatters, etc., some of which have 
 become popular. 
 
 Lang, John, musician, born at Paisley, 
 October 17, 1829 ; died at Glasgow, April, 
 1892. Inventor of the " Union Notation." 
 In this system the notes are indicated to Sol- 
 fa musicians by having the initial letter of the 
 various notes in the Sol-fa scale placed within 
 the head of the ordinary musical characters, 
 and so j)i"esenting a combination of both old 
 and new notations. A considerable amount 
 of music has been printed on this system. 
 
 Langdon, Richard, composer and organ- 
 ist, born at Exeter about 1729. Mus. Bac, 
 Oxon., 1761. Organist of P^xeter Cathedral, 
 1753-77. Organist, Bristol Cathedral, 1777-81. 
 Organist of Ely Cathedral for a few months in 
 1777. Organist, Armagh Cathedral, 1782-94. 
 He died at Exeter, Septenilier 8, 1803, aged 74. 
 
 Works. — Twelve Songs and two Cantatas, 
 op. 4, London, n.d. Divine Harmony, being 
 a collection in score of Psalms and Anthems, 
 1774. Anthems. Twelve Glees for 3 and 4 
 voices, London, 1770, etc. 
 
 Langran, James, organist, born in Lon- 
 don, November 10, 1835. Pupil of J. B. Calkin. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1884. Organist 
 of St. Michael's, Wood Green, 1856; Holy 
 Trinity, Tottenham, 1859 ; and from 1870 to 
 the present time, organist of All Hallows 
 (Parish Church), Tottenham. Musical In- 
 structor, since 1878, at St. Katherine's Train- 
 ing College, Tottenham. He has published a 
 Morning and Evening Service ; contributed 
 tunes to Hymns Ancient and Modern ; and is 
 Musical Editor of the New Mitre Hymnal, 
 1875. His hymns, "Deerhurst," and "St. 
 Agnes," are well known. 
 
 Langshaw, John, organist and composer, 
 born in 1718. He was organist of the Parish 
 Church of Lancaster, and died, 1798. 
 
 His son, John, born, London, 1763, studied 
 under Charles Wesley, and succeeded his 
 father at Lancaster, in 1798. He composed 
 hymns, chants, songs, pf. concertos, and 
 organ music. 
 
 Lara, Adelina de, born Preston, pianist, 
 born at Carlisle, January 23, 1872. Her 
 parents were musical, and were her ■ first 
 instructors. She played, as a juvenile prodigy, 
 at Liverpool, Newcastle-on-Tyne, and other 
 places ; and was afterwards placed under the 
 care of Miss Fanny Davies, who secured her 
 the notice of Madame Schumann. She studied 
 with that lady at Frankfort, 1885-90, and 
 made her dibtit at the Saturday Popular Con- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 239 
 
 LARGE. 
 
 certs, March 21, 1891, with success. She 
 appeared at the Crystal Palace, April 25, of the 
 same year, taking the solo part in Rubinstein's 
 Concerto in D minor ; and has since been 
 heard at concerts in Birmingham, and other 
 places. At the Queen's Hall, in 1895, she 
 gave a series of concerts of Early, Mediaeval, 
 and ilodern Music. 
 
 Large, Eliza, Rebecca, Mks. Henry 
 Chatfield, vocalist, was born in 1815. She 
 studied under Sir G. Smart, and Sir Henry 
 Bishop, and was well known as a singer at the 
 Ancient and other London concerts. She 
 died at Brixton, London, July 30, 1881. 
 
 Larkcom, Charlotte Agnes, soprano 
 vocalist, born near Reading. Studied at 
 R.A.M., winning the Westmorland Scholar- 
 ship, 1874. Awarded First Prize for sopranos 
 at the National Music Meetings, Crystal Pal- 
 ace, July 1, 1875 ; and sang at the Saturday 
 Concerts there, January, 1876. Elected an 
 Associate, R.A.M., she was afterwards ap- 
 pointed a professor of singing. Sang at 
 concerts in the provinces ; toured with success 
 in Holland, 1886. In 1888 she married ]\Ir. 
 Herbert Jacobs, barrister, but still pursues 
 her professional duties. 
 
 Larkin, Edmund, organist, born in 1785. 
 For some time he was organist of Peterborough 
 Cathedral ; afterwards he was oi'ganist of the 
 Parish Church of Stamford, where he died, 
 December 9, 1838. 
 
 Larrington, Rev. George, author of 
 " The Influence of Church J\Iusic. Sermon 
 preach'd in the Cathedral Church of Worces- 
 ter," London, 1726. 
 
 Lates, Charles, composer, who flourished 
 about the end of the 18th century. He 
 studied under P. Hayes ; and was a candidate 
 for an organist's appointment at Whitchurch 
 in 1805. Composed sonatas, songs, etc. His 
 father, John James, was a violinist of some 
 local fame in Oxford, where he was a teacher. 
 He wrote chamber music. He died in 1777. 
 
 Latham, Morton, writer on music, and 
 composer. Educated at Cambridge University, 
 graduating B.A., 1865 ; M.A., and Mas. Bac, 
 1882. Has lectured before the College of 
 Organists, 1884-7, on Common Principles of 
 Art ; The effect of the Renaissance on Musical 
 Art, etc. He has published a Te Deum, and 
 a number of songs. 
 
 Latrobe, Rev. Christian Ignatius, 
 writer and composer, born at Fulneck, near 
 Leeds, February 12, 1758. He was educated 
 at Niesky, and Barby, in Prussia. Secretarj' 
 to the LTnited (Moravian) Brethren in England. 
 He died at Fairfield, near Liverpool, May 6, 
 1836. 
 
 Works. — Original Anthems, with organ or 
 pf. accompaniment, 2 vols., n.d. Jubilee An- 
 them for George III., October 25, 1809. 
 " Dies Irae," for 4 voices, 1799. Hymns. 
 
 LEVALLEE. 
 
 Selection of Sacred Music from the works of 
 Eminent Composers of Germanv and Italy, 
 6 vols., 1806-1825. Three sonatas for pf., 
 op. 3 (dedicated to Mr. Haydn). Instrumental 
 and miscellaneous music. Hymn Tunes of 
 the United Brethren [1814] . 
 
 Latrobe, John Antes, M.A., writer 
 and organist, son of the above, born 1799. 
 Vicar of St. Thomas's Kendal. He died at 
 Gloucester, November 19, 1878. 
 
 Works. — Music of the Church considered 
 in its various branches. Congregational and 
 Choral, London, 1831. Instructions of Chen- 
 aniah : plain directions for accompanying the 
 chant or the psalm tune, London, 1832. 
 
 His brother, the Rev. Peter Latrobe (born 
 London, Febriiary 15, 1795 ; died at Berthel- 
 dorf, near Herrnhut, Gerinany, September 24, 
 1863), composed some hymn tunes and chants, 
 and wrote an introduction to C. I. Latrobe's 
 Hymns. 
 
 Latter, Richard, bass vocalist, born at 
 Bromley, Kent, July 22, 1823. Received his 
 first instruction from his brother William, and 
 entered the R.A.]\I., in 1841, intending to 
 become a pianist ; but his voice developing 
 power, he took to singing, studying under 
 Crivelli. A. R. A.M., 1849. He sang at various 
 concerts in London and the provinces, and 
 made his stage debut at the Princess's Theatre, 
 as Malatesta in "Don Pasquale." He also 
 played in opera at Bath, Birmingham, Man- 
 chester, and other places up to 1851, when he 
 settled in Aberdeen as teacher, remaining 
 there till 1871. He is now a professor of 
 singing at the Guildhall School of Music, and 
 F.R.A.M. 
 
 William Latter, his elder brother, a pian- 
 ist, entered the R.A.M., in 1831. His life 
 was spent chiefly in teaching, and he died at 
 Lee, Kent, November 15, 1884, in his 69th 
 year. He was also a Fellow of the R.A.M. 
 
 Lauder, W. Waugh, pianist, born in 
 Canada. Studied at Leipzig, and was also a 
 pupil of Liszt. Toured in Europe, and about 
 1885 settled in London, Ontario. In Canada 
 and the United States he has a great reputa- 
 tion as an executant. 
 
 Laval lee, Calixa, pianist and composer, 
 born at Vercheres, Canada, in 1842. Studied 
 in Paris under Marmontel, and Adrian Boiel- 
 dieu the younger. Settled in Boston, Mass., 
 where he was a professor at the Petersilea 
 Academy of Music. He was a foremost worker 
 for the Music Teachers' National Association, 
 LT.S.A. ; and as a delegate therefrom attended 
 the Conference of what is now the Incorporated 
 Society of Musicians, held in London, Jan- 
 uary, 1888. He died at Boston, in January, 
 1891. He wrote a cantata for the reception 
 of the Princess Louise at Quebec, in 1878 ; 
 several operas ; an oratorio ; songs, etc. ; also 
 a symphony ; string quartets, pf. pieces, etc. 
 
240 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 LAVENU. 
 
 Lavenu, Louis Henry, composer and 
 violoncellist, was born at London, in 1818. 
 He studied at the R.A.M., under Potter and 
 Bochsa. 'Cellist at the opera, London. Music- 
 seller in partnership with N. Mori. Music 
 director of Sydney Theatre. He died at Sydney, 
 August 1, 1859. 
 
 Works. — Loretta, a tale of Seville (Bunn), 
 opera, November 9, 1846. Songs : Cottage 
 rose ; Deserted ; Harvest queen ; Memory's 
 dream. Come, wander with me, duet. Pf. 
 music, etc. 
 
 Lavington, Charles Williams, organist, 
 born at Wells, Somerset, February, 1819. 
 Chorister, Wells Cathedral, and studied under 
 Perkins, the Cathedral organist, and later with 
 James Turle at Westminster Abbey. Return- 
 ing to Wells, he became assistant organist at 
 the Cathedral ; in 1842 was appointed acting 
 organist ; and on the death of Perkins was 
 made organist and master of the choristers, 
 and organist of the Theological College. At 
 a special service in Wells Cathedral, August 
 4, 1892, the Choirs of Bristol and Exeter 
 Cathedrals assisted ; indirectly marking Lav- 
 ington's Jubilee. He died at Wells, October 
 27, 1895, and with him almost the last of the 
 old school of organ xjlaying, and accompanying. 
 
 Lawes, Henry, composer, born at Dinton, 
 near Salisbury, Wiltshire, December, 1595. 
 Son of Thomas Lawes, died 1640, Yicar-choral. 
 He studied iinder John Cooper (Coperario). 
 Epistler and Gentleman of Chapel Royal, 
 1625. Clerk do. Member of private band of 
 Charles I. Music master in family of the 
 Earl of Bridgewater. Stripped of appoint- 
 ments during the Protectorate, but reinstated 
 at the Restoration, in 1660. He died at Lon- 
 don, October 21, 1662, and is buried in the 
 cloisters of Westniinster Abbey. 
 
 Works. — The Triumphs of Peace, masque 
 (with W. Lawes and S. Ives), 16.33. Ccelum 
 Britannicum, masque (Carew), 1633. Comus, 
 masque (Milton), 1634. A Paraphrase upon 
 the Psalmes of David, set to New Tunes for 
 Private Devotion, and a thorow base, for 
 voice or instrument, 1637 (Sandys' version). 
 Choice Psalmes put into Musick for Three 
 Voyces, 1648. Ayres and Dialogues for one, 
 two, and three voices, 1653; Do., 2nd book, 
 1655 ; Do., 3rd book, 1658. Music to poetry 
 by W. Cartwright, Herrick, Davenant, Milton, 
 Waller, etc. Songs in Contemporary Collec- 
 tions, as The Treasury of Musick, 1669 ; An- 
 thems in Clifford's and other collections ; 
 Music in Select Ayres and Dialogues. 
 
 Lawes, William, composer, brother of 
 above, born at Salisbury, 1582. He studied 
 under Coperario. Member of Chichester Cathe- 
 dral choir till 1602. Gentleman of Chapel 
 Royal, 1602. Musician in ordinary to Charles 
 I. Killed at siege of Chester, during the 
 Civil War, 1645. 
 
 LAWRENCE. 
 
 Works. — Music to Shirley's "Peace." The 
 Royal Consort for Viols. Songs in various 
 collections, etc. Fantasias for various in- 
 struments, etc. 
 
 Lawler, Thomas, bass vocalist, born in 
 1818. Studied under Bianchi Taylor. Estab- 
 lished the City Glee Club in 1853 ; and on his 
 retirement in 1886, was presented with a 
 testimonial. He was for many years a Gentle- 
 man of the Chapel Royal, resigning on a 
 pension early in 1887. He sang in oratorio 
 in London and the provinces, and appeared 
 on the stage ; but it was in glee-singing, and 
 in old English songs that he was most cele- 
 brated. He died in London, May 16, 1893. 
 
 Lawrance, Edward, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Weymouth, 1836. Studied in 
 that town under Ricardo Linter, and 1856-8, 
 at Leipzig Conservatorium, under Moscheles, 
 Plaidy, E. F. Richter, Hauptmann, and others. 
 In 1859 he was appointed organist of Sid- 
 mouth Parish Church, and a year later to 
 St. David's, Merthyr Tydfil. This appoint- 
 ment he held until the beginniiig of 1891, 
 when he resigned in consequence of the in- 
 troduction of ritualism he could not con- 
 scientiously assist in. Since 1893 he has been 
 organist at Christ Church, Merthyr Tydfil. 
 He is conductor of the Merthyr Musical Union. 
 His compositions comprise an opera, " Con- 
 radine " ; a cantata, " The Siege of Harlech " 
 (which gained the prize at the National 
 Eisteddfod, Swansea, 1863) ; anthems, ser- 
 vices, chants, hymn-tunes, songs, etc. Also a 
 Trio for pf. and strings ; pieces for pf., etc. 
 
 Lawrence, Charles, organist and com- 
 poser, graduated jMus. Bac, Oxford, 1875. 
 He has held organ appointments at Bearwood, 
 Wokingham, 1870 ; St. John's, East Dulwich, 
 1873 ; Christ Church, Eastbourne, 1883 ; 
 St. Alban's, Streatham Park, 1884; St. 
 Stephen's, South Dulwich, 1894. Conductor 
 of Choral Society, East Dulwich (1883). His 
 compositions comprise Psalm 118, for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra ; Quartet in A ; Trio in 
 C minor, for pf . and strings, perft rmed by the 
 Musical Artists' Society. Pf. duets. Three 
 Scotch songs ; part-songs, etc. 
 
 Lawrence, Emily M., pianist and com- 
 poser, born at Rugby, in 1854. Studied under 
 her 'mother, and afterwards in London under 
 Sterndale Bennett, Manuel Garcia, and Dr. 
 Steggall. She subsequently entered the R. A.M. 
 remaining there three years. ]\Iadame Law- 
 rence is the conductor of a Ladies' Choral 
 Society at Rugby, and a Society at Wembley, 
 near Harrow, and has given performances in 
 both places, at the R.A.M., and elsewhere. 
 She has been organist of St. John's Church, 
 Wembley, since 1889. Her compositions 
 comprise two cantatas for ladies' voices : 
 Bonny Kilmenv, Kensington, 1890 ; and The 
 Ten Virgins, Wembley, 1893 ; a Sonata in F 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 241 
 
 LAWRIE . 
 
 sharp minor, violin and pf., produced by the 
 Musical Artists' Society, July, 1882 ; an Album 
 of pf. pieces ; Romance, op. 16, etc. The Book 
 of Songs for Girls and Boys ; A number of songs ; 
 Part-songs; Duets, and some anthems. 
 
 Her mother, Mrs. Elizabeth S. Lawrence, 
 was organist of Rugby Parish Church, 1842-77. 
 She compiled a book of psalmody, and com- 
 posed some hymn tunes and chants. 
 
 Lawrie, Alexander, composer and pian- 
 ist, was born at Edinburgh, June 26, 1818. 
 Organist of S. James' Episcopal Chapel, Edin- 
 burgh, and in the Rev. John Kirk's Church 
 in the same city. He died at Edinburgh, 
 December 9, 1880. A blind musician of great 
 local fame. He arranged some music for the 
 pf., and composed some hymns and songs. 
 He also wrote accompaniments for a few of 
 the songs in Wood's " Songs of Scotland." 
 
 Lawson, Malcolm Leonard, composer 
 and conductor, born at Wellington, Shropshire, 
 in 1849. Studied under various masters in 
 London, and in France, Italy, and Germany. 
 Was organist and choirmaster of the Catholic 
 Apostolic Church, London, 1876 ; Conductor 
 of the Gluck Society, 1877 ; of the St. Cecilia 
 Society ; and for some time, from 1878, 
 director of the musical branch of the Kj'rle 
 Society. Under his direction, important 
 works by Gluck, Pergolesi, Leo, Purcell, and 
 others, have been revived. 
 
 Works. — Festival Services, op. 1, in F ; 
 Op. 2, in D ; Op. 16 ; all composed for the 
 Catholic Apostolic Church. Six anthems, 
 op. 24, for 4 voices. IMusic to the play, 
 Olivia, London, 1877 ; Opera, The Three 
 Princesses ; Airs and interludes to the play, 
 England, London, 1876. Sis part-songs, 
 op. 3 ; Three songs, op. 4; Seventeen People's 
 songs, op. 8 ; Twelve love songs, op. 14 ; Six 
 Motets for ladies' voices, written for the St. 
 Cecilia Society, op. 18 ; Twelve Scotch songs, 
 words by Burns, etc., op. 20; Six songs, words 
 by the old dramatists, op. 21 ; Three songs, 
 with violin obligato, op. 22 ; Cupid's Curse, 
 duet ; Last words, song, etc. Symphonies in 
 D, Pan, op. 12; in G minor, Mahomet, op. 19; 
 Overture, Savonarola, op. 23 ; Andante, 
 Scherzo, and Minuet, op. 6, pf., etc. 
 
 Lawson, R. E., musical director, Theatre 
 Royal, ^Manchester (1888), is the composer of 
 the music to a comedy, " Silver Fortune," pro- 
 duced at Ramsgate, 1888 ; also of pantomime 
 music for the Theatre Royal, Manchester. 
 
 Lazarus, Henry, clarinet player, born in 
 London, January 1, 1815. Studied under 
 Charles Godfrey, sen., and made his debut as 
 a solo player at Madame Dulcken's concert, 
 Hanover Square Rooms, ]\Iay 2, 1838. In 
 that year he was appointed second to Willman 
 at the Sacred Harmonic Concerts ; and on 
 the death of Willman, in 1840, succeeded him 
 as principal clarinet at the opera, and chief 
 
 LEE. 
 
 concerts and festivals. At the Birmingham 
 Festivals, he was engaged from 1840 to 1885 ; 
 and played for the last time at a Festival at 
 Gloucester, 1886. He was the last surviving 
 member of the late Duke of Devonshire's 
 private band. For many years, from 1854, a 
 professor at R.A.M., he was made an Hon. 
 IMember of that Institution ; and was, from 
 1858, professor at Kneller Hall. He retired 
 from the concert platform in 1891 ; was given 
 a testimonial concert at St. James's Hall, 
 May 31, 1892 ; and on March 6, 1895, he died 
 in London. He wrote fantasias and other 
 pieces for his instrument, but will be longer 
 remembered as the greatest player of his day. 
 
 Leach, James, composer, was born at 
 Wardle, near Rochdale, in 1762. He received 
 no musical instruction, and was employed as 
 a hand-loom weaver in Rochdale. IMember 
 of the King's band, and tenor vocalist in 
 London. Tenor singer and teacher in Roch- 
 dale, 1789, and latterly in Salford, 1796. He 
 died from the effects of injuries received in a 
 coach accident, Blackley, near Manchester, 
 February 8, 1798, and is buried in Rochdale. 
 
 Works. — New Sett of Hymn and PsaLm 
 Tunes, adapted for the use of churches, chapels, 
 and Sunday schools . . . London, 1789 ; Second 
 Sett of Hymn and Psalm Tunes, London 
 [1797] ; Collection of Hymn Tunes and An- 
 thems, composed and adapted for a full choir, 
 London [1798] ; Anthems, etc. ; Psalmody, by 
 James Leach . . . Harmonised in compressed 
 score by John Butterworth, with a sketch of 
 the composer's life and work by Thomas New- 
 bigging, London [1884] . 
 
 Leaver, William John, organist and 
 composer of present time. Studied at R.A.M. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1884, Cambridge. 
 Organist and choirmaster, St. John's, Black- 
 heath, and conductor of a choral society there. 
 Has composed a setting of Ps. 146, for soli, 
 chorus and orchestra ; and published anthems, 
 songs, part-songs, pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Leburn, Alexander, violinist, who was 
 born at Auchtermuchty, Fife, in 1767, and 
 was a teacher of music there. He was a self- 
 taught mathematician. He died at Auchter- 
 muchty, in March, 1836. He published "A 
 Collection of New Strathspey Reels, etc., with 
 a bass for the violoncello, or harpsichord," 
 Edinburgh, 1793. 
 
 Lee, David, organist. He held the appoint- 
 ment of City organist, Melbourne, Australia, 
 for a number of years ; also conductor of 
 Melbourne Philharmonic Society, which has 
 produced Handel's oratorios, among them 
 "Jephtha" in 1884, for the first time in 
 Australia. In 1887 he visited England, and 
 played at the Crj'stal and Alexandra Palaces, 
 also in the provinces. He was made an hon- 
 orary member of the College of Organists 
 that year. 
 
242 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 LEE. 
 
 Lee, Ernest Markham, composer and 
 organist, born at Cambridge, June, 1874. 
 Entered the choir of Clare College at the age 
 of nine, receiving instruction from W. C. 
 Dewberry, the college organist. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac. and B.A., Cambridge, 1894, and 
 became F.R.C.O. the same year. In 1890, 
 was ajjpointed organist of St. Matthew's, 
 Cambridge ; in 1894, organist of Emmanuel 
 College, holding, 1896, likewise a similar post 
 at All Saints', Woodford Crreen. Began com- 
 position when fourteen, his first publication 
 being a carol. Musical Herald Prize. His 
 compositions comprise. Psalm 98, for soprano 
 solo, chorus, strings, and organ ; Cantatas : 
 A stormy night at sea (produced, 1893) ; 
 " Jael," an ode in honour of the birth of 
 Prince Edward of York (published 1896). A 
 Comedy 0|)era, " Alicia " ; Songs, part-songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Lee, G., author of " The Voice, its artistic 
 production, development and preservation," 
 1870, 2 editions. 
 
 Lee, George Alexander, composer and 
 conductor, born at London, 1802. Tenor 
 singer in theatre at Dublin, 1825 ; Ilaymarket 
 Theatre, London, 1826. ilusic-seller in Lon- 
 don for a time. Ox^ened Tottenham Street 
 Theatre for English opera (with Chapman and 
 Melrose). Lessee of Drury Lane Theatre, 
 18-30. Manager of Lenten oratorios at Covent 
 Garden and Drury Lane, 1831. Married Mrs. 
 Waylett, the singer. Conductor of Strand 
 Theatre, 1832; Olympic Theatre, 1845. He 
 died at London, October 8, 1851. 
 
 Works. — Music to Dramas : . Invincibles, 
 1828 ; Sublime and beautiful ; Nymph of the 
 grotto, 1829; Witness, 1829; Legion of 
 honour, 1831 ; Love in a cottage ; Auld Robin 
 Gray ; Fairy lake, and other operettas and 
 musical dramas. Beauties of Byron, 8 songs ; 
 Loves of the butterflies (T. H. Bayly), 8 songs. 
 Songs and Ballads : Away, away, to the moun- 
 tain's brow ; Annie Bell ; Believe me not false ; 
 Bells upon the wind ; Bells at sunset ; Come, 
 dwell with me ; Come, merry fays ; Cora ; 
 Come Flower of Lamnrermoor ; Fairest flower ; 
 Fairyland ; Garden of Roses ; Gipsy's wild 
 chant ; Gondolier's lay ; Good night, love ; 
 He comes not ; I'll not beguile thee ; I sigh 
 for the woods ; I'll be a fairy ; I love all that 
 thou lovest ; Kate Kearney ; Lad who wears 
 the pladdy ; Macgregor's gathering ; Maid of 
 Kildare ; My native bells ; Mermaid's invita- 
 tion ; Meet me in the willow glen ; My cottage 
 and my mill ; Old Irish Gentleman ; Rover's 
 bride ; Rose of Killarney ; Sweetly sound the 
 Village bells ; She walks in beauty ; Thou art 
 not false but fickle ; The wild white rose ; 'Tis 
 love's hallowed hour ; When the moon is 
 brightly beaming ; Why should we sigh ; Wild 
 mandoline. A Vocal Tutor. Duets and part- 
 songs, etc. 
 
 LEEVES. 
 
 His brother, David, who died at London, 
 in November, 1849, was a pianist and had 
 studied under Dussek. 
 
 Lee, J., author of " Musical Education, 
 a treatise on melody and harmony in conjunc- 
 tion with pianoforte plaving and singing.." 
 1850. 
 
 Lee, J. H., musician, published " Sight- 
 singing made easy, a progressive manual," 
 London [1889] . 
 
 Lee, J. S., conrposer and bandmaster, 
 was born on February 14, 1831 . He was one 
 of the oldest military bandmasters in the 
 British army, and for many years held the 
 post of bandmaster of the 20th Hussars. He 
 composed church music for military choirs ; 
 a fantasia for the cornet ; Dance music for 
 military bands; Gavottes, marches, and songs. 
 
 Leechman, John, musician, edited "The 
 Choral Book : a selection of sacred music," 
 London [1855]. 
 
 Lees, John, musician of early part of 
 present century, compiled "The Hymn Tunes 
 of the Church of the Brethren . . arranged for 
 four voices, in score," London, 1824. 
 
 Lees, John Kenyon, composer, teacher, 
 and conductor, born October 6, 1853. He 
 studied under his father and T. S. Hill, of 
 Norwich. He has held various organ appoint- 
 ments in Edinburgh, among them being that 
 of St. Matthew's Church, Morningside, 1885- 
 
 1895. In 1891 he instituted the Morningside 
 Choral Society, which has performed a num- 
 ber of important works. Composer of some 
 dance music, and editor of " The Songs of 
 Burns, with symphonies and accompaniments 
 by John Kenyon Lees, and introduction and 
 historical notes by H. C. Shellev," Glasgow, 
 
 1896. " The Balmoral Reel Book," 1894, etc. 
 He is also musical editor of a collection of 
 100 Scotch songs, about to be published. 
 
 Leeson, Joseph Frederick, composer 
 and organist, was born at Armagh about 1806. 
 He was an organist and teacher in Arbroath, 
 and afterwards in Dunfermline, where he died, 
 on January 1, 1862. He composed a number 
 of glees, and some songs, among which is 
 " Oh sing to me the auld Scotch songs " 
 [1856] , a j)opular but somewhat vulgar 
 effusion. 
 
 Leete, Robert, bass singer and conductor, 
 born in latter part of last century. He was a 
 celebrated glee singer, and succeeded Sale as 
 Secretary of the Catch Club. For many 
 years he acted as conductor at the Glee Club. 
 He died on December 25, 1835. 
 
 Leeves, Rev. William, clergyman and 
 composer, born on June 11, 1748. He was 
 Rector of Wrington, Somerset, from 1779. 
 He died at Wrington, May 25, 1828. Com- 
 poser of " Auld Robin Gray," 1770, a song 
 known throughout the world. The words by 
 Lady Anne Barnard (1750-1825) are so natural 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 243 
 
 LEFFLER. 
 
 and true to life that the musical aid afforded 
 by Leeves' setting is not, as some suppose, the 
 chief reason for its popularity. Leeves wrote 
 much church music, now completely forgotten, 
 among it being " Six Sacred Songs, .with a 
 corrected copy in its original simplicity of the 
 well-known ballad, " Auld Robin Gray," 
 London, 1812. See " In Memoriam, with a 
 few notices of other members of his family, 
 printed for private circulation," 1873, ports. 
 
 Leffler, Adam, bass singer, was born in 
 1808. He was a chorister in Westminster 
 Abbey, and sang in opera and at concerts. 
 He died in London, IMarch 23, 1857. 
 
 Legge, Robin Humphrey, writer on 
 music, and composer, born near Liverpool, 
 June 28, 1862. Of a Shropshire family, of 
 Bishop's Castle, he was intended for the Bar, 
 and entered at Trinity Hall, Cambridge ; but 
 giving that up for music, he went to Leijizig 
 in 1885, studying at the Conservatorium, and 
 privately, under Gustav Schreck, Paul Klen- 
 gel, Richard Hofmann, and others, and later, 
 at Frankfort, under Anton Urspruch. Re- 
 turning to England in 1890, he settled in 
 London, and devoted himself chiefly to musi- 
 cal literature, contributing articles to various 
 papers. "An appreciation of Smetana," which 
 appeared in the New Quarterly Musical Re- 
 view, seems to have had some influence. 
 While in Germany he wrote a great deal of 
 music, but his published works are few : 
 Two books of carols ; A set of five part-songs 
 (poems by Charles Kingsley) ; some pieces for 
 violin and pf., etc. His most important 
 works are : Articles in the Dictionary of 
 National Biography (from Vol. XXXV., G. A. 
 Macfarren) ; Translation of Wallaschek's "Die 
 Musik der Naturvolker (Primitive Music, 
 Longmans, 1893) ; Historv of the Norwich 
 Musical Festivals, 1824-1893 (with W. L. 
 Hansell), London, Jarrold, 1896. 
 
 Lehmann, Liza, soprano vocalist and 
 composer, born in London. Studied singing 
 with her mother (a daughter of Robert 
 Chambers, LL.D.), and afterwards under 
 Randegger ; composition with Raunkilde 
 (Rome), Freudenberg (Wiesbaden), and Ha- 
 mish MacCunn. Her debut as a vocalist to^k 
 place at the IMonday Popular Concerts, 
 November 23, 1885. She sang at the Norwich 
 Festival, 1887 ; and has appeared at the 
 principal concerts in the United Kingdom, 
 also in Germany. A feature of her repertory 
 was the inclusion of many fine old and 
 forgotten songs, to which her artistic singing 
 gave a new life. She was also an interpreter 
 of her own compositions. In July, 1894, she 
 gave a farewell concert, retiring from the 
 profession of vocalist on her marriage with 
 Mr. Herbert Bedford (q-v-)- Her compositions 
 include Two Albums of German songs ; Album 
 of English songs ; A ISIusical Duologue, The 
 
 LEMARE. 
 
 Secrets of the Heart (MS.) ; A song cycle for 
 four voices. In a Persian Garden (from 
 Omar Khayyam) , Popular Concerts, December 
 14, 1896 ; Songs, Mirage ; Titania's Cradle, 
 etc. Album of Ten Sketches, and other 
 pieces for pf. Romance for violin, etc. 
 
 Leicester, W. Q., see Gardiner, 
 William. 
 
 Leigh, Arthur George, organist and 
 composer, born at Ashton-in-Makerfield, Lan- 
 cashire, August 22, 1846. Studied music, 
 1860-6, under the late Thomas Graham, Wigan. 
 In 1866 he was appointed organist and choir- 
 master of the Parish Church, Chorley, which 
 post he resigned in 1868. In 1877 he accepted 
 a similar position at St. George's, Chorley, 
 which he held until 1896. He was elected a 
 Town Councillor when Chorley was incorpo- 
 rated ; and elected Alderman, and Mayor of 
 Chorley in 1887-8-9. He has a fine library of 
 early music and musical literature, valuable 
 collections from which have been exhibited 
 in London (1892-4-5), and elsewhere. His 
 compositions are mainly for the church, and 
 include Ten responses, Thirt\'-three chants, 
 Thirty-three hymn tunes, later, merged in a 
 work, " Sacred Music," and a portion con- 
 tributed to the Church of England Hymnal, 
 the Sacred Melodist, and other collections. 
 The Story of the Cross. Pf. : Violet, Snow- 
 drop, Fairies' Revel, and other pieces. He 
 has also edited Stepping Stones to the Classics, 
 12 numbers. 
 
 Leighton, Q. A., musician of first half 
 of the present century. Author of "New and 
 Improved Preceptor for the Pianoforte," 
 London [1845]. 
 
 Leighton, Sir William, musician, 
 gentleman - pensioner, and knight, who 
 flourished during the 16th and 17th centuries. 
 He published " The Teares or Lamentations 
 of a Sorrowful Soule ; composed with Musicall 
 Ayres and Songs both for Voyces and Divers 
 Instruments," 1614. [Psalms, Hymns, etc.]. 
 Byrd, Bull, Dowland, Ford, 0. Gibbons, Giles, 
 Hooper, Wilbye, Weelkes, and ililton, are 
 among the contributors to this now extremely 
 scarce and valuable publication. 
 
 Le Jeune, Arthur, organist and pianist. 
 With his brother Charles, gave organ per- 
 formances from about 1866, exciting much 
 attention by their juvenile talent. Arthur 
 Le Jeune is resident in London as pianist and 
 composer. He has published a number of 
 pieces for pf. ; Liebeslied, for violin and pf., 
 etc. 
 
 Lely, Durward, see Lyle, James. 
 
 Lemare, Edwin H., organist and com- 
 poser, born at Ventnor, Isle-of-Wight, Sep- 
 tember 9, 1865. He was elected Sir John 
 Goss Scholar, R.A.M., in 1878 ; and on the 
 completion of his studies made an Associate, 
 and later, a Fellow. F.R.C.O., 1884. Organ- 
 
244 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 LEMAEE. 
 
 ist of St. John the Evangelist's, Brownswood 
 Park ; St. Andrew's, Cardiff ; Parish Church, 
 Sheffield, 1886 ; Holy Trinity, Sloane Square, 
 Pimlico ; and iiow of St. Margaret's, West- 
 minster. He has given organ recitals at the 
 Bow and Bromley Institute, 1886 ; St. George's 
 Hall, Liverpool, etc., and ranks among the 
 most brilliant of the younger organists of the 
 day. Editor of The Recital Series of original 
 organ compositions, R. Cocks, to which he 
 has contributed several pieces. 
 
 Lemare, William, organist, conductor, 
 and composer, born at Godalming, Surrey, in 
 1839. Studied under Dr. Gauntlett. Organ- 
 ist successively at St. Jude's, East London, 
 1860; St. Andrew's, Stockwell, 1865; Brixton 
 Parish Church, 1872 ; St. Saviour's, Herne- 
 hill, 1876 ; St. Mary's, Newington, 1880 ; St. 
 Mary's, Longfleet, 1888 ; St. Nathanael, 
 Westbourne, 1894. In 1888 he received the 
 degree of Mus. Doc, Cantuar. For a number 
 of years he gave important concerts at Gresham 
 Hall, Brixton ; and later, was conductor of 
 choral societies at Bournemouth and locality, 
 and conductor of the Bournemouth Festivals. 
 In 1896 he was appointed conductor of the 
 Nottingham Sacred Harmonic Society, and is 
 now resident in that town. He has composed 
 two operettas : "A Calm Sea," Brixton, 1882; 
 and "Pride and Policy," Poole, 1889. His 
 compositions also include church services, 
 anthems, songs, etc. 
 
 Lemmens=Sherrington, see Sherring- 
 ton. I 
 
 Lemmone, John, flutist and composer, 
 born at Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, June 22, 
 1862. His father is an Ionian, born a British 
 subject, and his mother is English. He had 
 to depend much upon his own efforts in the 
 way of musical education ; but learnt much 
 from artists visiting the country. He has 
 toured through Australia, New Zealand, India, 
 China, and Japan. Was associated with 
 Madame Amy Sherwin, 1889 ; with ]\Iadame 
 Patey, 1891, on their tours almost round the 
 world. He visited London in 1894, and made 
 a successful debut at the Erard Rooms, Octo- 
 ber 25. Since then he has been heard in the 
 principal concerts in London and the provin- 
 ces ; has toured with Madame Patti, etc., and 
 established himself as an artist of the first 
 rank. In March, 1897, he returned to 
 Australia. He has composed many romances, 
 fantasias, etc., for his instrument, and has 
 some reputation as a violoncellist. 
 
 Lemon, John, amateur composer, born 
 at Truro in 1754. He entered the army and 
 became a lieutenant-colonel, and also entered 
 Parliament as member for Cornish constituen- 
 cies. He died at Polvellen, near Looe, April 
 5, 1814. Composer of chants and other sacred 
 music. 
 
 Leng, Robert, musician of first half of 
 
 LESLIE. 
 
 present century, who lived at IMalton in York- 
 shire, issued "Original Sacred Melodies, con- 
 taining several psalm tunes of various metres, 
 together with an anthem and Hallelujah 
 chorus set to the words ' Behold what manner 
 of Love, etc.,' . . . The whole is arranged for 
 four voices . . . The composer who labours 
 under a great deprivation, namely, the loss 
 of sight, is self-taught," Leeds, etc, 4 parts, 
 1847-49. Title-pages vary. 
 
 Lenton, John, composer, who flourished 
 in the latter half of the 18th century. He 
 was a member of the private bands of William 
 and Mary, and Queen Anne. He died in 
 1719. 
 
 Works. — The Gentleman's Diversion, or 
 the Violin explained, 1693 ; A Consort of 
 Musick, in three parts, 1694. Music for Venice 
 preserved, 1685 ; The Ambitious Stepmother, 
 1700 ; Tamburlain, 1702 ; The fair Penitent, 
 1703, etc. Songs in contemporary collections. 
 
 Leo, Rosa, vocalist, mezzo-soprano, born 
 in London, of English parents ; studied sing- 
 ing at the London Academy of Music, and 
 elocution under the late Mrs. Stirling. While 
 yet a student, was engaged by Mrs. German 
 Reed for her entertainment at St. George's 
 Hall. Then went to Florence, and studied 
 for some time under Luigi Vannuccini, and 
 on her return was engaged to create the title- 
 role in Lecocq's opera, "Manola," at the 
 Strand Theatre, 1882. She made her debut 
 in concerts at the Covent Garden Promenade 
 Concerts, and appeared at the Ballad Concerts- 
 in 1884. Since these she has been engaged 
 for many concerts in London and the pro- 
 vinces, and latterly has been distinguished for 
 her artistic vocal recitals, making a speciality 
 of the best modern songs by French and 
 English composers, and being supported by 
 instrumentalists of high standing. 
 
 Leonard, William A., author of "Music 
 in the Western Church, a lecture on psalmody 
 . . . London, 1872: "The Christmas Festival, 
 with a selection of carols," London, n.d. 
 
 Leslie, Fred, j)rofessional name of Fred- 
 erick HoBsoN, baritone singer and burlesque 
 actor, was born at Woolwich, April 1, 1855. 
 Son of Charles Hobson, military outfitter 
 there. He was originally engaged in com- 
 mercial pursuits in London, but frequently 
 took part in amateur theatricals. In February, 
 1878, he adopted the stage as a profession, and 
 obtained his first engagement from Miss Kate 
 Santley, at the Royalty Theatre, London. 
 He afterwards appeared in operatic and bur- 
 lesque pieces at the Alhambra, Globe, Comedy, 
 and Gaiety Theatres in London. In 1881, he 
 appeared in America, and in 1888 went to 
 Australia. He also played in the English 
 provinces, and in Scotland. Among the pieces 
 in which he took a leading part may be 
 named : — Mefistofele II. ; Rip Van Winkle 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 245 
 
 LESLIE, 
 
 (1882) ; Madame Favart (1882) ; INIanteaux 
 Noirs (1882) ; Beggar Student (1884) ; Little 
 Jack Sheppard (1886-88) ; Monte Cristo (1888) ; 
 Miss Esmeralda (1888) ; Cinder-Ellen (1891) ; 
 Ruy Bias (1891), etc. For the text of some 
 of these, Leslie was responsible. He died at 
 London, December 7, 1892. 
 
 Besides writing some dramatic works he 
 wrote a few songs and other pieces. See 
 " Reminiscences of Fred Leslie, by W. T. 
 Vincent," London, 2 vols., 1894. 
 
 Leslie, Henry David, conductor and 
 composer, born in London, June 18, 1822. 
 Studied under Charles Lucas, from 1838, and 
 for some time played as an amateur violon- 
 cellist in the band of the Sacred Harmonic 
 Society. When the Aanateur Musical Society 
 was formed, in 1847, he was appointed Hon. 
 Sec, and from 1855 to 1861, when the Society 
 was dissolved, he was its conductor. The 
 famous choir, with which his name was so 
 intimately associated, originated with Joseph 
 Heming, who for many years acted as chorus- 
 master. The first concert was given in the 
 Hanover Square Rooms, INIay 22, 1856. Mr. 
 Leslie continued to conduct the concerts up 
 to July 12, 1880, when the choir was disbanded. 
 He went with the choir to Paris, in 1878, and 
 gained the first prize in the International 
 competition. The choir was resuscitated in 
 1882, with ]Mr. Randegger as conductor, and 
 Leslie as president. The latter again assumed 
 the direction in 1885, and gave concerts to 
 May, 1887. In 1863 he undertook the con- 
 ductorship of the Hereford Philharmonic 
 Society, an office he retained until 1889. He 
 was also connected with the short-li\ed Nat- 
 ional College of Music, 1864 ; and the GVuild 
 of Amateur Musicians, 1874. Retiring to an 
 estate which he possessed at Bryn Tanat, 
 near Oswestry, he did much to promote 
 musical culture in the locality, and originated 
 the Oswestry Festivals in 1879. He died, 
 February 4, 1896. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios : Immanuel, 1853 ; 
 Judith, Birmingham Festival, 1858. Can- 
 tatas : Holyrood, 1860 ; Daughter of the Isles, 
 1861 ; Biblical Pastoral, The First Christian 
 Morn, Brighton Festival, 1880. Festival 
 anthem, Let Cxod arise, for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra, 1849 ; ]\Iorning service in D, etc. 
 Operas : Romance, or Bold Dick Turpin, 1857 ; 
 Ida, 1864. How sweet the moonlight sleeps ; 
 My soul to God, my heart to thee ; The 
 Pilgrims, and other part-songs. Editor of 
 Choral ]\Iusic, Novello ; Little Songs for Little 
 Folks, Cassell. Trio, Memory. jMy darling, 
 hush ! ; Flower girl ; Mountain ]\Iaid, and 
 other songs. Symphony in F, London, IMarch 
 24, 1848 ; Symphony, Chivalry, Crystal Palace, 
 December 17, 1881 ; Dramatic overture, The 
 Templar, 1852. Quintet, pf. and wind ; 
 pieces for pf., etc. 
 
 LEVEY. 
 
 Leslie, James, Scottish musician, was 
 an itinerating teacher of psalmody in Moray- 
 shire at the end of last and beginning of the 
 present century. He compiled " A Collection 
 of Psalm and Hymn Tunes selected from the 
 best authors, by James Leslie, teacher of 
 church music, Fochabers," Elgin, 1810. En- 
 graved by Johnson, Edinburgh, 42 pp. 
 
 Levenston, P. M., violinist, and musical 
 director at the Queen's Theatre, Dublin, is the 
 composer of a Burlesque Opera, " Doctor 
 Faust," produced at that theatre, May, 1892. 
 
 Leveridge, Richard, bass vocalist and 
 composer, was born in 1670. He sang in 
 opera at Drury Lane and Queen's Theatres, 
 1705-12 ; at Lincoln's Inn Fields and Covent 
 Garden, 1713-30. He died at London, March 
 22, 1758. 
 
 Works. — Music for the Island Princess, or 
 the Generous Portuguese, 1699 ; Pyramus and 
 Thisbe, 1716 ; Collection of Songs, with the 
 music, London, 1727, 2 vols., with frontispiece 
 engraved by Hogarth. New Book of Songs, 
 engraven, printed, and published for Richard 
 Leveridge, London, n.d. 
 
 Leveridge is known only as a song-writer, 
 though he has been credited with the com- 
 position of the much-discussed " Macbeth " 
 music, on the authority of a notice in Rowe's 
 edition of Shakespeare. The well-known 
 songs " All in the downs " and the " Roast 
 Beef of Old England " very fairly illustrate 
 the style of his works. 
 
 Levesque, P., musician, was organist of 
 St. Andrew's, Enfield. Compiled " Sacred 
 Harmony, a new collection of psalmody in 
 three parts. . " London [1810] . 
 
 Levett, English writer and composer, who 
 flourished in London during the latter part of 
 the 18th century. He wrote " Introductory 
 Lessons in Singing, particularly on psalmody, 
 to which are annexed sevei'al psalm tunes," 
 London, n.d. Hymns for Easter, Christmas, 
 etc. 
 
 Levey, William Charles, composer and 
 conductor, born in Dublin, April 25, 1837. 
 Studied under his father (noticed below), and 
 from 1852, in Paris, under Auber, Thalberg, 
 and Prudent. While there he was elected a 
 member of the Societe des Auteurs et Com- 
 positeurs. On his return to London he held 
 positions as conductor at Covent Garden ; 
 Drury Lane, 1868-74 ; and again, later ; Hay- 
 market, Princess's, and Adelphi, etc. He died 
 in London, August 18, 1894. 
 
 Works. — Operas, etc. : Fanchette, Covent 
 Garden, January 4, 1864 ; Claude ; Nazarille ; 
 Punchinello, Her Majesty's, December 28, 
 1864 ; Fashion ; Wanted a Parlour Maid ; 
 Music to Antony and Cleopatra ; Amy Rob- 
 sart ; Rebecca ; King o' Scots ; Lady of the 
 Lake ; Esmeralda ; Jack in the Box, etc. 
 Music to various pantomimes. Cantatas : 
 
246 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 LEVY. 
 
 The Man of War ; Robin Hood (for boys voices); 
 The Hide to Ware (humorous). Many songs: 
 Esmeralda ; Here stands a post ; Unfading 
 beauty ; King and the beggar maid ; Maritana, 
 gay Gitana ; Lullaby, etc. Pieces for pf., etc. 
 Irish overture for orchestra. 
 
 His fatlier, Richard Michael Levey, born 
 in Dublin, October 2, 1811, violinist, was 
 apprenticed to James Barton, leader at the 
 Theatre Royal, Dublin, in 1826. In 1830 he 
 succeeded to the post, and was afterwards 
 musical director. On his fiftieth anniversary 
 of office he received a handsome testimonial. 
 As a violinist he was well known at the 
 Crystal Palace Handel Festivals, etc. He was 
 also •professor of the violin at the Royal Irish 
 Academy of Music, and is still living. The 
 violinist known as " Paganini Redivivus " is 
 his son, Richard M. Levey. He first 
 appeared in Paris, in 1850, and was for some 
 time principal violin at Muzard's Concerts at 
 the Hotel d' Osmond. Then he came to 
 London, and at the Royal Polytechnic Insti- 
 tution, gave a weird impersonation entitled 
 " Paganini's Ghost." He has given recitals 
 in the provinces and on the continent, but no 
 particulars are available concerning his bio- 
 graphy. 
 
 Levy, Isaac, cornet player, for many years 
 a favourite at the Promenade concerts at 
 Covent Garden and elsewhere. He has resided 
 in America at different times, but reappeared 
 at the Westminster Aquarium in 1887. Later 
 it was stated that he had been naturalized as 
 a citizen of the United States of America. 
 He is author of a Popular Cornet Tutor. 
 
 Lewis, Eric, vocalist and composer of 
 present time. He has appeared on the stage 
 as the Duke in Osmond Carr's musical farce, 
 "In Town," 1892, etc. His sketches, "A 
 Round of Visits," produced at Brighton 
 Aquarium, 1882; and "A Water Pic-nic," 
 German Reed, 1884 ; with an operetta, are 
 his principal works. He has also written a 
 glee, etc. 
 
 Lewis, James Henry, organist and di- 
 dactic writer, born at Great Malvern, Februarj' 
 23, 18.56. Chorister, St. Peter's, Malvern; 
 organist at St. Cuthbert's Episcopal Church, 
 Hawick, N.B. ; Parish Church, West Hartle- 
 pool ; St. Peter's, Staines, Middlesex ; and of 
 Parish Church, Twickenham, from 1889. 
 Conductor of Hartlepool Philharmonic ; 
 Staines Orchestral Society. Warden of the 
 Church Choir Guild, London, the proceedings 
 of which lie beyond the scope of this work. 
 He is author of Elements of Music ; Counter- 
 point in Catechetical Form ; Double Counter- 
 point and Fugue, all published by Novello. 
 He has published some Church music, etc. 
 
 Lewis, Thomas, author of " Organ build- 
 ing and bell founding," London, 1878. 
 
 Lewis, Thomas C, musician, who flour- 
 
 LIDDLE. 
 
 ished about 1840-60. He edited "Lewis' 
 Times," a periodical, from 1852, and issued 
 " The Cornopeanist," being a selection of airs 
 . . . London [1854], and on a similar plan, 
 works entitled "The Flautist," and "The 
 Violinist." 
 
 Lewys, Dyved, tenor vocalist, born, March 
 28, 1865, at Llanerwys, Carmarthen, of musi- 
 cal parentage. His talent was manifest at an 
 early age, and while yet a boy he carried off 
 prizes for singing, and as conductor, at local 
 Eisteddfodau. When eighteen, as a member 
 of the Orpheus Glee Club, he sang before 
 Adelina Patti, at Craig-y-nos, and, upon that 
 distinguished artists' advice, decided upon 
 adopting the profession of music, and entered 
 the R.A.M. He soon became one of the 
 leading Welsh tenors, and besides winning 
 innumerable prizes at Eisteddfodau, sang in 
 many important concerts in London and the 
 j)rovinces. He conducted the Welsh Festivals 
 at St. Paul's Cathedral on several occasions ; 
 toured in the U.S.A., in 1893, appearing at 
 the Chicago Exhibition, where he was the 
 recipient of many tokens of success. 
 
 Leybourne, George, comic singer, who 
 was well-known in London and provincial 
 music-hails as a delineator of the heavy swell 
 variety of character. He called himself the 
 " Lion Comique," and introduced or sang 
 such songs as "Champagne Charlie," "Up 
 in a balloon," " She danced like a fairy," 
 and " Lancashire Lass," etc. He died in 
 Loudon, Sejotember 15, 1884. 
 
 Lichfield, Henry, composer of the 16th 
 and 17th centuries, who published " The 
 First Set of Madrigals of Five Parts, apt 
 both for viols and voyces." London, 1613. 
 
 An edition of his madrigal, " All ye that 
 sleepe in pleasure," was issued in 1893, under 
 the care of W. B. Squire. 
 
 Liddie, John Shepherd, organist and 
 conductor. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1876, Cam- 
 bridge. Organist successivelj' of Clewer 
 Parish Church, 1872 ; Halifax Parish Church, 
 1883; Newbury Parish Church, 1884, to 
 present time. Conductor of Newbury Choral 
 Society, and Orchestral Union ; Avon Vale 
 Musical Society ; English Ladies' Orchestral 
 Society ; Wallingford Philharmonic. In 1896 
 he succeeded August Manus, as conductor of 
 the Handel Society, London. He has given 
 many concerts, but hitherto has not pub- 
 lished any compositions. 
 
 John S. Liddlk, was organist at Newcastle- 
 on-Tyne, first at St. An<h-ew's, for 8 years ; 
 then at St. Peter's, for 9 years. From 1863 
 to 1884 he was organist of the Parish Church, 
 St. Neots, Hunts, where he died, March 30, 
 1884, aged 60 years. 
 
 Liddie, Robert William, organLst, born 
 at Durham, IMarcb 14, 1864. Chorister at 
 St. Oswald's, Durham ; then at the Cathedral. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 247 
 
 LIDDLE. 
 
 Studied under Dr. Amies. Appointed organ- 
 ist of St. Baldred's, North Berwick, December, 
 1885 ; and organist and choirmaster, South- 
 well IMinster, 1888. He has composed some 
 church nrusic. 
 
 Liddle, William Henry, organist and 
 composer. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1891, Dur- 
 ham. Appointed organist to the Chapel 
 Royal, Windsor Great Park, 1876; Parish 
 Church, Basingstoke, 188-3. Organist to 
 H.R.H. Prince Christian, 1875. Conductor 
 of Basingstoke Harmonic Society. His com- 
 positions include Psalm 96, for soli, chorus, 
 and orchestra ; a cantata, " Horsa," produced, 
 Basingstoke, April 30, 1889, etc. 
 
 Lidgey, C. A., pianist and composer of 
 present time. Has given concerts in London. 
 His works include a setting of Browning's 
 " Women and Roses," for chorus and orches- 
 tra, produced at the Crystal Palace, October 
 81, 1891; an orchestral ballade, "A" Day 
 Dream," the same, October 15, 1892 ; a num- 
 ber of songs (from Shelley, Heine, etc.) ; and 
 a ballade, op. 3. for two pianofortes. 
 
 Light, Edward, musician of end of last 
 and beginning of present century. Author of 
 " The Art of playing the Guitar, to which is 
 annexed a selection of the most familiar 
 lessons, divertissements, songs, airs, etc ," 
 1795. " Concise Instructions for playing on 
 the English Lute," London. "Introduction 
 to the art of playing on the Harp-lute, and 
 Apollo L5're." " A First Book, or master and 
 scholar's assistant, being a treatise on . . Music, 
 London [1785] . Various collections of 
 arrangements for guitar ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Lilley, Q. Herbert, author of "The 
 Therapeutics of Music," London, 1880, and 
 composer of hymns, etc. 
 
 Lillycrop, Rev. Samuel, musician and 
 writer, was originally a music teacher in Exe- 
 ter early in the present century, but afterwards 
 became a Baptist minister at Windsor, where 
 he lived from about 1850 to 1870. He died in 
 1870, and is buried in the Spital cemetery at 
 Windsor. Author of "Theoretical and practi- 
 cal Thorough-bass, exemplified in a plain and 
 easy ma ner," London, n.d. 
 
 Limpus, Richard D., organist and mu- 
 sician, born on September 10, 1824. Son of 
 Richard Limpus, organist of Isleworth Old 
 Church, who died on November 1, 1868. 
 Founded, with others, the College of Organists, 
 1864. Secretary to College of Organists, 
 1864-75. Died on March 15, 1875. Composer 
 of songs and pf. music. His wife, who died, 
 London, January 29, 1889, was a concert 
 vocalist. His brother, the Rev. P. Henry 
 Limpus, was some time minor canon of St. 
 George's Chapel, Windsor, and composer of 
 an oratorio, " The Prodigal Son," London, 
 May 10, 1870 ; Songs, etc. He died in 1893. 
 
 Lincoln, Henry John, lecturer on music, 
 
 LINCOLN. 
 
 critic, pianist and organist, born in London, 
 October 15, 1814. Son of the organ-builder, 
 H. C. Lincoln. Began his musical studies at 
 an early age with the pianoforte, and was an 
 organ pupil of Thomas Adams, for whom he 
 frequently acted as deputy at St. Dunstan's, 
 Fleet Street. He was appointed to Christ 
 Church, Woburn Square, and in 1817, elected 
 a member of the Royal Society of Musicians. 
 He did not retain his post at Christ Church 
 many years, owing to other claims upon his 
 time. In 1846 he became associated with the 
 Daily News, as secretary ; and on the retire- 
 ment of Mr. George Hogarth, in 1866, suc- 
 ceeded to the position of musical critic, 
 retaining this office until 1886. The last 
 Festival he attended was that held in Bir- 
 mingham, in 1882, when Gounod's " Redemp- 
 tion " was produced. He began his career as 
 a lecturer at Crosby Hall, in 1843, where he 
 gave an annual series for some years. He 
 also lectured at the London Institution ; the 
 Philsophical Institution, Edinburgh ; Cxlas- 
 gow ; Manchester ; Liverpool, etc. His sub- 
 jects included Bach, Handel, Haydn, Mozart, 
 Cherubini, Cimarosa, Rossini, Spohr, Weber, 
 Mendelssohn ; also German song ; German 
 and French opera ; the Operatic overture, etc. 
 Vocal and instrumental illustrations were 
 given by the ]\Iisses Lincoln, INIiss Orger, and 
 many eminent artists. In the lecture on 
 Mendelssohn, at the Western Literary In- 
 stitution, December 23, 1845, his Violin Con- 
 certo was played, for the first time in England, 
 by Herr Kreutzer (a relative of Rodolphe 
 Kreutzer), with Mr. Lincoln at the pianoforte. 
 For the last few years he has lived in com- 
 plete retirement. He edited "The Practical 
 Organist" (six numbers of organ music, by 
 Adolph Hesse); and arranged "The Oi-gan- 
 ist's Anthology," a series of movements from 
 classical compositions, in twelve numbers, 
 publi^hed in 1839. He also contributed a few 
 articles to Grove's Dictionary of Music and 
 Musicians. 
 
 His eldest sister, Marianne Lincoln, so- 
 prano vocalist, was born in London, in 1822. 
 Her early progress in music led to her entering 
 the R.A.M., in 1840, where she studied under 
 Crivelli, Benedict, and G. A. Macfarren. 
 Immediately on leaving she made a tour in 
 Germany, and sang at the Leipzig Gewand- 
 haus, December 12, 1844, and again the 
 following month. On her return she was 
 made an Associate of the R.A.M. She there 
 continued her profession until her marriage 
 with Mr. Edmund Harper {q.r.), when she 
 removed to Hillsborough in Ireland. She 
 took the leading parts in the private operatic 
 performances organised hy the Duchess of 
 Downshire. She died at Sydenham, October 
 6, 1885. Her younger sister was married to 
 Mr. H. C. Lunn (g.r.). 
 
248 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 LIND. 
 
 Lind, William, author of "A popular 
 account of Ancient Musical Instruments," 
 Loudon, Clarke, 1897. 
 
 Lindley, Robert, violoncellist and com- 
 poser, born at Rotheram, March 4, 1777. He 
 studied the violin and 'cello, and became 
 'cellist at Brighton Theatre. He was principal 
 'cellist at the Opera, London, 1794-1851. He 
 played at all the principal provincial and 
 other festivals, generally in compaKy with 
 Dragonetti, the double-bass player. He died 
 at London, June 13, 1855. 
 
 Works. — Three duetts for violin and 
 violoncello, [1802] ; another set, op. 12 
 [1806] . Five sets of duets, for 2 violoncellos, 
 op. 1 [1795] ; Op. 3 ; Op. 4 ; Op. 8, and Op. 14. 
 Trio for bassoon, tenor, and 'cello, op. 7. Six 
 easy solos for a 'cello and bass, op. 9. Fantasia 
 for violoncello, first string, op. 18. Handbook 
 for the Violoncello, London [1855] . Songs, etc. 
 
 His son, William (born, 1802; died, Man- 
 chester, August 12, 1869), was a violinist of 
 some repute in his day, and his brother, 
 Charles, who died in December, 1842, was 
 also a violoncellist, and played at the Phil 
 harmonic and Ancient Concerts. 
 
 Lindsay, Christopher, Scottish musician 
 and writer. Brother of Lady Anne Barnard, 
 Member of the Choir of St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 Author of " A Scheme showing the Distance 
 of Intervals," London, 1793. 
 
 Lindsay, Miss, see Bliss, Mrs. J. W. 
 
 Lindsay, Thomas, author of "Elements 
 of Flute-playing, according to the most 
 approved jDrinciples of Modern Fingering," 
 London, 1828. Melanges for the flute and 
 pf., and other arrangements. 
 
 Ling, William, composer, pianist, and 
 teacher, who flourished about the end of last 
 and beginning of present century. Composer 
 of op. 1, Tliree sonatas for harpsichord or 
 pf. [1790] ; Op. 2, Duets for two flutes ; Diver- 
 timentos for pf., 023p. 6, 7, 8 ; Sonatas for pf., 
 opp. 12, 13; Serenade, op. 17, etc. 
 
 Lingard, Frederick, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Manchester, in 1811. He 
 studied music under Harris, of Manchester, 
 and became organist of St. George's Church, 
 Hulme. In 1835 he was lay-vicar of Durham 
 Cathedral, a post he held till his death, at 
 Durham, on July 4, 1847. He issued " Anti- 
 phonal Chants for the Psalter," 1843, and 
 composed anthems, chants, etc. 
 
 Linley, Francis, composer and organist, 
 was born at Doncaster in 1774. Blind from 
 birth. He studied under Mather, of Doncas- 
 ter, and became organist of Pentonville 
 Chapel, London. Married to a blind lady of 
 fortune. Opened music-selling business. 
 Became bankrupt, and was d serted by his 
 wife. He went to America as an organist, 
 but returned to England in 1799, and died at 
 Doncaster, September 15, 1800. 
 
 LINLEY. 
 
 Works. — Sonatas for pf. and flute, op. 1 ; 
 Practical Introduction to the Organ, in five 
 parts, London [1800] . Collection of Inter- 
 ludes, fugues, etc., for organ, op. G ; Thirty- 
 two familiar airs for 2 flutes [1790], and other 
 music for the flute ; Songs. 
 
 Linley, Qeorge, poet and composer, born 
 at Leeds in 1798. Died at London, Sept. 10, 
 1865. 
 
 Works. — Operas and Operettas : La Poupee 
 de Nuremberg, Covent Garden, 1861 ; Law 
 versus Love, comedietta, 1862 ; The Toy 
 Makers, 1861 ; Francesca Doria. 1849. The 
 Jolly Beggars, cantata (Burns). Songs of the 
 Camp, 12 pieces. Selection of Scottish Mel- 
 odies (with C. G. Byrne), 1840. Songs of the 
 Troubadours, London, 1830 ; Selection of 
 original hymn tunes. Songs and Ballads : 
 Alice ; Bonnie New Moon ; Bird of Beauty ; 
 Beautiful Brunette ; Ballad Singer ; By the 
 spangled starlight ; Clara ; Chide no more ; 
 Constance ; Dream tio more of that sweet 
 time ; Gipsy mother ; Hetty ; Hear me but 
 once ; lanthe ; I cannot mind my wheel ; 
 I'm the little flower girl ; Jeanie ; Love me 
 little, love me long ; My own happy home ; 
 Mariner's wife ; Maid of the Rhine ; Minnie ; 
 Queen of the fairy dance ; Some one to love ; 
 Sweet village rose ; Star and water-lily ; 
 Thou art gone from my gaze ; Under the 
 vine tree. Part-songs, trios, duets. 
 
 Linley also wrote the words of a large num- 
 ber of songs, and published two satirical poems, 
 " The Musical Cynics of London," London, 
 1862, an attack on Chorley, the musical critic, 
 and " Modern Hudibras," London, 1864. 
 His son George (died 1869), published some 
 poetical works. 
 
 Linley, Thomas, composer, born at Bath, 
 1725. He studied under Chilcot and Paradies. 
 Conductor of oratorios and concerts at Bath. 
 Went to London and purchased Garrick's 
 share in Drury Lane Theatre, with Sheridan, 
 1776. He died at London, November 19, 
 1795. Buried in Wells Cathedral. 
 
 Works. — Operas and rmisical dramas : 
 Duenna (Sheridan), 1775 : Camp, 1776 ; 
 Carnival of Venice, 1781 ; Gentle Shepherd, 
 1781 ; Triumph of Mirth, 1782 ; Spanish 
 Maid, 1783 ; Selima and Azor (from Gretry), 
 1784 ; Spanish Rivals, 1785 ; Tom Jones, 1785 ; 
 Strangers at home, 1786 ; Love in the East, 
 1788 ; Robinson Crusoe ; Beggar's opera (new 
 accompaniments, etc.); Songs in "The School 
 for Scandal." Six Elegies for three voices 
 and pf., London, 1770; Twelve Ballads; 
 Canzonets. Numerous glees, single songs, 
 and anthems. " The Posthumous Vocal 
 Works of Thomas and T. Linley, juur," 1800, 
 2 vols. 
 
 Linley, Thomas, composer, son of the 
 above, born at Bath, 1756. He studied under 
 Boyce and his father; also at Florence under 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 249 
 
 LINLEY. 
 
 Nardini. He was acquainted with Mozart. 
 Leader of Bath concerts, and at Drury Lane, 
 London. Drowned at Grimsthorpe, Lincoln- 
 shire, August 7, 1778. 
 
 Works. — Music to the Tempest ; Ode on 
 the Witcliesand Fairies of Shal<espeare, 1776; 
 The Song of Moses, oratorio; Accompaniments 
 for wind instruments to " Macbeth " music ; 
 Anthems, glees, and songs. The popular 
 setting of the song, "0 bid your faithful Ariel 
 fly," m the "Tempest," is by him. His 
 brother, the Eev. Ozias Thurston Lin ley 
 (born 1765; died, London, March 6, 1831), 
 was a composer of songs, and other vocal 
 music. 
 
 Linley, William, composer, son of 
 Thomas Linley, senior, born at Bath, 1767 
 (1771). Educated at Harrow. He studied 
 under Abel and his father. Apjoointed to post 
 in East India Company's Service, by Fox. 
 Resided in India for a time. He died at 
 London, May 6, 1835. 
 
 Works. — Shakespeare's Dramatic Songs, 
 consisting of all the songs, duets, and choruses, 
 in character, as introduced in his Dramas., 
 with an Introduction, London, 2 vols., 1815-16. 
 Two operas. Glees, etc. lie also wrote novels 
 and other literary works. 
 
 Linley, Eliza Ann, the "Maid of Bath," 
 soprano vocalist, daughter of Thomas Linley, 
 senior, born at Bath, in 1754. She was 
 trained by her father, and sang at the Bath 
 concerts, and in London, Worcester, Hereford, 
 and Gloucester Festivals. She eloped with 
 and married R. B. Sheridan in 1773. She 
 died at Bristol, June 28, 1792. 
 
 Linley, Maria, soprano vocalist, third 
 daughter of T. Linlev, born at Bath, about 
 1764. Sang at Bath, 'etc. She died at Bath, 
 September 5, 1784. 
 
 Linley, Mary, soprano vocalist, second 
 daughter of T. Linlev, born at Bath, in 1756, 
 1759 (?). Sang at Bath, Hereford Festival, 
 1771, etc. Married Richard Tickell in 1780. 
 She died at Clifton, July 27, 1787. 
 
 Linter, Ricardo, pianist and composer, 
 was born in Devonshire about 1815. In 1862 
 he went to Cheltenham, and became a success- 
 ful teacher and j)ianist. He held the position 
 ■of organist of St. James' and St. Luke's 
 Churches, Cheltenham. Died at Cheltenham, 
 February 6, 1886. Composer of a large num- 
 ber of polkas, quadrilles, variations on airs, 
 and other works for pf. Songs, and other 
 vocal music. 
 
 Linwood, Mary, composer, born in Bir- 
 mingham in 1755, died at Leicester, March 2, 
 1845. Composed " David's First Victory," 
 oratorio, London [1840] . The Kellerin, and 
 The White Wreath, MS. operas. Songs, and 
 other vocal music. She was celebrated for 
 her fine needlework, of which she gave 
 •exhibitions in 1770, 1778, and 1798. 
 
 LITOLFF. 
 
 Lisley, John, composer, known only as 
 the composer of a 6-part madrigal, " Faire 
 Citharea presents hir doves," in the "Tri- 
 umphs of Oriana," 1601. 
 
 Listen, Rev. Henry, writer and inventor, 
 born in 1771. Minister of Ecclesmachan, 
 Linlithgow, from 1793. He died at Merchis- 
 tonhall, February 24, 1836. Author of " An 
 Essay on Perfect Intonation," London, 1812. 
 
 He invented an Enliarmonic Organ, which 
 was performed on in Edinburgh, and his 
 system was applied to several other instru- 
 ments, though unsuccessfully, owing to the 
 great number of pedals, and the difficulties 
 consequently attending manipulation. His 
 son, Robert, was the famous surgeon. 
 
 Lithgow, William Hume, composer, 
 teacher, and conductor, was born at Leith, 
 on February 15, 1806. He studied in Edin- 
 burgh and London, and became precentor of 
 St. Enoch's Parish Cliurch, Glasgow, and 
 music-master at the High School, in 1842. 
 He died at Glasgow, August 22, 1874. Com- 
 piler of " Parochial Sacred Music, being a 
 selection of the best ancient and modern 
 psalm and hymn-tunes, etc. . . . Intended for 
 the use of St. Enoch's Church, Glasgow," . . . 
 Glasgow, n.d. [c. 1845]. "A Selection of 
 Sacred Music, with accompaniments for the 
 organ or pianoforte," Glasgow, n.d. He also 
 composed a number of songs, " Old Scotland, 
 I love thee," etc., and about 50 psalm and 
 hymn-tunes. 
 
 Litolff, Henry Charles, composer and 
 pianist, born in London, February 6, 1818. 
 His father was a native of Alsace, taken 
 prisoner by the English in the Peninsular 
 war, who settled in London as a violinist. 
 His mother was Irish. Litolff studied the 
 pianoforte under Moscheles, and made his 
 debut at his master's concert, Covent Garden 
 Theatre, July 24, 1832. In 1835 he married, 
 against his parents' wish, and went to reside 
 in France. He gave concerts in various 
 places, toured in Germany, 1845-6, gaining 
 the title of " The English Liszt." He pla3'ed 
 at the Leipzig Gewandhaus several times 
 from November 28, 1844, to February 7, 1856. 
 In 1851 he entered upon the music business 
 of Meyer, of Brunswick, which lie transferred 
 to his son, Theodor, in 1860. From 1861 he 
 resided chiefly in Paris ; and died at Colombo, 
 near that city, August 5, 1891. In 1882, a 
 Festival in his honour was held at Angers. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Der Braut vom Kynast, 
 1847 ; Rodrique de Tolede ; Les Templiers, 
 written about 1865 ; produced, Brussels, Jan- 
 uary, 1886 ; The Flying Squadron of the 
 Queen, Paris, 1888 ; and King Lear, finished 
 in 1890, and found among his papers after 
 his death. Five SjTnphony-concertos, for pf. 
 and orchestra. Overtures, Robespierre ; Les 
 Girondins ; Das Welfenlied ; Chant des Beiges. 
 
250 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 LITTLE. 
 
 Quartet, strings ; Three Trios, pf. and strings ; 
 and a number of pieces for pf. He was a 
 man of genius, and his works abound with 
 beautiful ideas ; but the worlinianship is fre- 
 quently faulty, and in value his compositions 
 are very unequal. 
 
 Little, Edgar E., tenor vocalist and com- 
 poser, resident in Dublin. Was for some 
 time in the Chapel Royal Choir, Dublin 
 Castle. He is the composer of a comedy 
 opera, "The Warlock," produced, Dublin, 
 February, 1892; also " Victoire," a military 
 comedy (both books by Alfred Smythe), pro- 
 duced at Leinster Hall, Dublin, April 17, 
 1893, with much success. IMr. Little is an 
 amateur of considerable attainments, and 
 holds an appointment in the Bank of Ireland. 
 
 Little, Henry Walmsley, organist and 
 composer, born in London, September 12, 
 1853. Studied at R.A.M., under G. A. Mac- 
 farren, C. Steggall, H. C. Banister, and F. B. 
 Jewson, 1872-8. F.C.O., 1875; Mus. Bac, 
 1877; Mus. Doc, 1885, Oxford; F.R.A.M., 
 1884. Organist of Church of the Annun- 
 ciation, Chislehurst, 1871 ; Christ Church, 
 Woburn Square, 1874 ; St. Matthew's, Den- 
 mark Hill, 1880; St. Giles-in-the-Fields, 
 1881 ; and of Holy Trinity, Tulse Hill, from 
 1886. Examiner for E.C.O. ; Trinity College, 
 London ; and the Incorporated Society of 
 Musicians. Associate of the Philharmonic 
 Society. Has given concerts and organ reci- 
 tals at Gresham Hall, etc. His compositions 
 include cantatas, "The Rock of Israel," 
 produced, February, 1887; and "Great is the 
 Lord" (both in MS.). Church services, an- 
 thems. Part-songs, etc. He has also com- 
 posed some pieces for orchestra (in MS.) ; 
 and published a Suite de Pieces, and other 
 works for pf. 
 
 Livingston, James R., writer and com- 
 poser, native of Aberdeenshire. Resided in 
 Glasgow from 1844. Author of " The Organ 
 Defended : being an essay on the use of that 
 instrument in Public "Worship, with strictures 
 on ' Phinehas Vocal's ' attack on the Organ 
 and Dr. Anderson." Glasgow, n.d. [c. 1857]. 
 Reply to a pamphlet entitled "Dr. Anderson 
 as an Organist," by Phinehas Vocal, Glasgow, 
 n.d. Composer of anthems, songs, etc. 
 
 Livingston, Rev. Neil, clergyman, was 
 Free Church minister of Stair, in Ayrshire, 
 from 1844 to 1886. Editor of a reprint of 
 " The Scottish Metrical Psalter, of A.D. 1685, 
 with copious dissertations and Notes," Glas- 
 gow, 1864. 
 
 Llanover, Lady, art patroness, daughter 
 of Benjamin Waddington, Esq., of Llanover, 
 was born March 21, 1802. Married, December 
 24, 1823, to Mr. Hall, of Hen.sal Castle, sub- 
 sequently Sir Benjamin Hall, and Lord Llan- 
 over (died April 27, 1867). Lady Llanover 
 revived tlie ancient glory of the Eisteddfod, 
 
 LLOYD. 
 
 and was a prize winner herself, for an essay, 
 at Cardiff, in 1834. In 1838, she brought out, 
 in conjunction with Miss Jane Williams, of 
 Aberpergwym. a collection of Welsh Airs. 
 Further, to promote the national music, she 
 invited a meeting of Welsh harpers in 1869, 
 to compete for a triple harp. She died at 
 Llanover, January 17, 1896. 
 
 Llinos, see Williams, Maria Jane. 
 
 Lloyd, Charles Francis, composer, born 
 in Chester, October 7, 1852. Son of John 
 Ambrose Lloyd (q.v.). Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1878. Appointed organist of Parish 
 Church, Beaumaris, at the age of sixteen, and 
 four years later, organist and director of the 
 choir of Tynemouth Parish Church. Conduc- 
 tor of Tynemouth Philharmonic Society, 1879- 
 91, and South Shields Choral Society, 1883-91. 
 In the latter year he resigned these appoint- 
 ments, and has since devoted himself to com- 
 position. Adjudicator at Royal National 
 Eisteddfod of Wales, and some time musical 
 critic of the Newcastle Daily Chronicle. Com- 
 poser of a Concert overture in F (National 
 Eisteddfod, 1893); Orchestral suite in F 
 (1894). Church services, anthems, part-songs. 
 Prize Cycling Song (1891), and numerous- 
 songs, "Dearie"; "Were I the streamlet"; 
 "The Chords of Life," etc., many of which 
 have met with wide acceptance. 
 
 Lloyd, Charles Harford, organist and 
 composer, born at Thorubury, Gloucestershire, 
 October 16, 1849. Educated at Thorubury 
 Grammar School, and Rossall School. Thence 
 to Magdalen Hall (now Hertford College), 
 Oxford, where he held an open classical 
 scholarship. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1871 ; 
 B.A., 1872 ; M.A., 1875 ; and Mus. Doc, 1891, 
 Oxford. In 1876, he was appointed organist 
 of Gloucester Cathedral ; in 1882, of Christ 
 Cliurch Cathedral, Oxford ; and in 1892, suc- 
 ceeded Joseph Barnby as precentor and musical 
 instructor at Eton College. He was a founder, 
 and first pi'esident of the Oxford University 
 Musical Club ; conductor of the Gloucester 
 Festivals of 1877 and 1880 ; and is still con- 
 ductor of the Oxford Symphony Concerts. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : Hero and Leander, 
 produced, Worcester Festival, 1884 ; The 
 Song of Balder, Hereford, 1885 ; Andromeda, 
 Gloucester, 1886 ; A Song of Judgment, Here- 
 ford, 1891 ; Sir Ogie and the Lady Elsie, 
 Hereford, 1894. Music to Alcestis, Oxford, 
 1887. The Gleaner's Harvest, cantata for 
 female voices. Full Cathedral Service in E 
 flat ; anthems, etc. Pastoral, The Rosy 
 Dawn, Leeds Festival, 1889; 8-part chorus, 
 To Morning, Worcester, 1890 ; part-songs, 
 songs, etc. Sonata in D minor, organ ; pieces 
 for clarinet and pf., etc. 
 
 Lloyd, Edward, teuor vocalist, born in 
 London, ]March 7, 1845. Son of Richard 
 Lloyd (noticed later), and Louisa, his wife. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 251 
 
 LLOYD. 
 
 born Hopkins {q.v.). Chorister at Westmin- 
 ster Abbey under James Turle, leaving at fif- 
 teen, and after a year passed at a school at 
 Southwark, joined his mother at Clieltenham, 
 where lie remained until 18G5. He then sang 
 at a church in Belsize Park, London, for a 
 short time, obtaining an appointment at 
 Trinity College, Cambridge in 1866. A year 
 later he went to St. Andrew's, Wells Street, 
 London, and shortly afterwards was ajopointed 
 a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, St. James's, 
 an office he resigned in a few years. He was 
 now becoming known as a concert singer, 
 taking part in the performance of Beethoven's 
 Choral Fantasia at the Oratorio Concerts, 
 March 9, 1870. His first great opportunity 
 came with the Gloucester Festival of 1871, 
 when he distinguished himself in Bach's ]\Iat- 
 thew Passion. He has sung at every meeting 
 of the Three Choirs since that time save the 
 years 1875, 6, and 9, while his connection 
 with the Norwich Festivals dates from 1872. 
 He has been principal tenor at the Leeds Fes- 
 tivals since 1874 ; and has sung at every Bir- 
 mingham Festival from 1876. At other Festi- 
 vals and Concerts he has been constantly 
 heard, and has created the tenor part in most 
 of the great works of recent times. As a sin- 
 ger of Wagner's music he is unsurpassed. He 
 has visited America on several occasions, from 
 the Cincinnati Festival of 1888, and has sung 
 in Brussels and Paris. 
 
 His father, Richard Lloyd, born at Vaux- 
 hall, March 12, 1813, was a tenor singer of re- 
 pute, and became a vicar choral of Westm inster 
 Abbey. Hedied, June 28, 1853. Hf.nry Lloyd, 
 a younger brother of Edward, appeared as a 
 tenor singer for a short time 1889-90; and E. 
 Turner Lloyd, sou of Edward Lloyd, studied 
 pianoforte under JMadume Schumann, and 
 singing under P. Walker; appeared as a voca- 
 list ; toured in America, 1892-3 ; and is now a 
 professor of singing at the R.A.M. 
 
 Lloyd, George, musician, who published 
 "Peninsular IMelodies," London, 1830, 2 vols. 
 
 Lloyd, John Ambrose, composer, born 
 at Mold, Flintshire, June 14, 1815. Father 
 of Charles Francis Lloyd {q-v.). Though in 
 the main self-taught, he gained the reputa- 
 tion of being the most refined Welsh com- 
 poser of his day. His cantata, "The Prayer 
 of Habakkuk " (1851), was the first work of 
 its class produced in Wales ; his anthem, 
 " The Kingdom of the Earth " (Eisteddfod 
 Prize, 1852), is still the most popular anthem 
 in Wales; and his part-song, "The Last 
 Flower," is looked upon as a Welsh classic. 
 In 1843 he published a collection of Hymn- 
 tunes ; and a second, "The Praise Offering," 
 in 1873. Several of his hymn-tunes were 
 awarded prizes. He often acted as adjudi- 
 cator at the National Eisteddfodau. Died at 
 Liverpool, September 14, 1874. 
 
 LOCKEY. 
 
 Lloyd, John, Frederick, musician, com- 
 piler of "The Parochial Psalmist, or a selec- 
 tion of Psalms and Hymns," Dublin [1845]; 
 2nd ed., 1848 ; 3rd ed., 1850. 
 
 Locke, Matthew, composer and writer, 
 was born at Exeter in 1632 or 1633. He be- 
 came a chorister in Exeter Cathedral, and 
 studied music under Edward Gibbons and W. 
 Wake. Composer in Ordinary to Charles II., 
 1661. Afterwards he became a Roman Catho- 
 lic, and was appointed organist to the Queen. 
 He died at London, August, 1677. 
 
 Works. — Cupid and Death, masque (Shir- 
 ley), with C. Gibbons, 1653. Little Consort 
 of three parts for viols, 1656. Music for The 
 Stepmother (Stapylton), 1664 ; Davenant's 
 alteration of " Macbeth," 1672 ; Shadwell's 
 " Psyche," 1673 ; and the " Tempest," 1673. 
 Anthems, various, for Chapel Royal. Kyrie 
 and Credo, 1666 (preface defending the work 
 against the oiDposition which its novel form 
 raised, entitled, "Modern Church Music: Pre- 
 accused, censur'd, and obstructed in its per- 
 formance before his ]Majesty," April 1, 1666). 
 Reply to Thomas Salmon's "Essay to the 
 Advancement of Music," entitled, " Observa- 
 tions upon a late book entitled. An Essay to 
 the Advancement of Musick, by casting away 
 the perplexity of different clifts and writing 
 all sorts of musick in an Universal character." 
 London, 1672. Reply to Salmon's " Vindica- 
 tion," entitled, "The Present practice of 
 Musick, vindicated against the exception and 
 new way of attaining Musick, lately published 
 by Thomas Salmon, London, 1672. " Melo- 
 thesia, or certain general Rules for playing 
 upon a continued bass, with a choice collec- 
 tion of Lessons for the Harpsichord or Organ 
 of all sorts," London, 1673. Songs in contem- 
 porary collections, as the Theater of Music; 
 The Treasury of Music ; etc. 
 " Lockett, William, organist and compo- 
 ser, was born at IManchester in 1835. He 
 has held the appointments of deputy assistant 
 organist of Manchester Cathedral ; organist 
 of St. John's, Higher Broughton, 1855-61 ; 
 St. Mark's, Cheetham ; Union Chapel, 1877 ; 
 Cross Street Chapel, Manchester ; and con- 
 ductor of Moston Choral Society. He has 
 composed anthems; Evening, four part song; 
 Merry mountain maid ; Mother's prayer, and 
 other songs. 
 
 Lockey, Charles, tenor vocalist, born at 
 Newbury, Berks, 1820. Son of Angel Lockey. 
 Chorister, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1828-36, 
 in which last year he went to Bath to study 
 under Edmund Harris. In 1842, became a 
 pupil of Sir George Smart, and lay-clerk of 
 St. George's, Windsor. Appointed vicar- 
 choral of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1843, but in 
 October, 1842, made his first appearance as 
 an oratorio singer in Rossini's " Stabat 
 Mater," at Store Street Rooms. Was en- 
 
252 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 LOCKHART. 
 
 gaged for the Ancient Concerts in 1846, and 
 sang at the Birmingham Festival the same 
 year, at the production of Mendelssohn's 
 " Elijah." Also sang at the Three Choirs 
 Festivals, 1846-56, and at the concerts of the 
 Sacred Harmonic Society. In 1848 was made 
 a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal. Married 
 Miss Martha Williams, contralto singer. May, 
 1853. An affection of the throat compelled 
 his retirement in 1859. One of the most 
 eminent and popular singers of his day, his 
 early retirement was a public loss. He is 
 now resident at Hastings, and retains, 
 officially, his Cathedral and Chapel Royal 
 appointments. 
 
 Lockhart, Charles, organist and com- 
 poser, born in London, in 1745. He was 
 blind from his infancy, but became organist 
 of the Lock Chapel in 1772 ; St. Katharine 
 Cree ; St. Mary's, Lambeth ; Orange Street 
 Chapel ; and Lock Chapel again in 1790-97. 
 He died at London, February 9, 1815. Com- 
 poser of " A set of hymn tunes and anthems 
 for three voices," London [1810]; "An Epi- 
 thalamium, or nuptial ode" [1770]; Select 
 and original vocal pieces ; IMarch, in honour 
 of the Lambeth Loyal Association, London 
 [1795] ; Sonatas for harpsichord. Female 
 advice. Rural gift, and other songs. His 
 hymn tune " Carlisle " is included in many 
 modern collections. 
 
 Lockwood, Adolphus Raven, harpist, 
 born in London, 1840? Appeared, with his 
 brother and sister, at a concert at the Han- 
 over Square Rooms, February 18, 1848, the 
 three then being pupils of Gerhard Taylor. 
 He soon rose to a high position, but spent 
 the later years of his life in Germany. He 
 played at the Gewandhaus Concerts, Leipzig, 
 December 11, 1876. In 1884 he was created 
 a Royal Chamber Musician, ]\Iunich, in which 
 place he died, January 23, 1885, aged 45. 
 His younger brother, Ernest Lockwood, 
 harpist, was a member of the orchestras of the 
 Philharmonic Society, the Royal Italian 
 Opera, and the Crystal Palace. He played 
 Handel's Concerto for harp at the Crystal 
 Palace, November 28, 1885, and was known 
 as one of the foremost professors of the harp 
 in London. He died, April 21, 1897. Miss 
 Lockwood (the sister ?) was for years harpist 
 to the Carl Rosa Opera Company. She died 
 suddenly at Hanley, Staffs., while on tour, 
 February, 1897. 
 
 Loder, Edward James, composer, born 
 at Bath, in 1813. Son of John David Loder. 
 He studied under his father, and at Frankfort, 
 under P. Ries, 1826-28. Returned to Eng- 
 land, 1828. Again went to Germany and 
 studied under Ries. Conductor at Princess's 
 Theatre, London ; also at Manchester. He 
 died at London, April 5, 1865. 
 
 Works. — Operas: Nourjahed, July, 1834; 
 
 LODER. 
 
 Dice of Death (Oxenford), 1835; Night Dan- 
 cers, Princess Theatre, 1846 ; Puck, a ballad 
 opera; Sultan, dramatic piece; Young Guard, 
 1848 ; Island of Calypso, a masque, 1851 ; 
 Raymond and Agnes, IManchester, 1855 ; 
 Francis the First, 1838 (compilation) ; Forest- 
 ers ; or. Twenty -five years since ; Deer Stalkers, 
 Scottish opera ; Beggar's Opera, revised. 
 Selection of Songs, in 3 books. Dr. Watt's 
 Divine and Moral Songs. Sacred Songs and 
 Ballads, Poetry by D. Ryan. Improved and 
 Select Psalmody. Divine Harmony. Twelve 
 Sacred Songs. Instructions and Exercises 
 on the principles and practice of the art of 
 Singing (Ashdown), n.d. Songs and Ballads : 
 Afloat on the Ocean ; Arnold the Armourer ; 
 Bare-footed Friar ; Brave old oak ; Come to 
 the glen ; Columbus ; Come blushing May ; 
 Deep-sea Fisher ; Forester's Bride ; Hermit ; 
 Ivy tree ; I love these merry festive times ; 
 I'll weave a sweet garland ; My harp is strung 
 for thee ; My own loved home ; Martin, the 
 man of arms ; O here's to the holly ; Oh, the 
 merry days ; Outlaw ; O speed my bark ; 
 Philip the Falconer ; Rhine song ; Sweet 
 girls of Erin ; Stars of the flowers ; Thou art 
 gone to the grave ; The song of the water 
 king ; The village mill ; Wake, my love ; 
 Where is my loved one ? Part-songs, hymns, 
 and pf. music. 
 
 Loder, Qeorge, cousin of E. J. Loder, 
 composer and singer, born at Bath, in 1816 ; 
 died at Adelaide, Australia, July 15, 1868. 
 Compiled " The Old House at Home," mu- 
 sical entertainment ; numerous songs ; sym- 
 phonies ; pf. music, etc. 
 
 Loder, John David, violinist and writer, 
 born 1788 ; died February 13, 1846. Author 
 of the " The Modern Art of Bowing exempli- 
 fied, with exercises in the major and minor 
 scales," London, n.d. ; Violin School, n.d. ; 
 Works for Violin. 
 
 Loder's violin school is one of the most 
 popular among recent productions of that 
 nature. 
 
 Loder, John Fawcett, violinist and 
 composer, son of above, born at Bath, 1812. 
 Teacher and concert-director at Bath. Leader 
 of orchestra and teacher in London. He died 
 in London, April 16, 1853. 
 
 Loder, Kate Fanny, pianist and com- 
 poser, born at Bath, August 21, 1826, only 
 daughter of George and Fanny Loder. Her 
 musical talent was manifest at a very early 
 age, and when six years old she was placed 
 under a Miss Batterbury. She was then 
 placed with Henry Field, and in 18.38 entered 
 the R.A.M. Her teachers were Mrs. Ander- 
 son and Charles Lucas. Elected King's 
 Scholar, 1839 ; re-elected 1841. On leaving 
 the Academy in 1844, she was elected Pro- 
 fessor of Harmony. She appeared at concerts, 
 Bath, in 1840 ; "played at Mrs, Anderson's 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 253 
 
 LODGE. 
 
 concert, at Her Majesty's Theatre, May 31, 
 1844, when Mendelssohn was present to hear 
 her rendering of two movements from his 
 first concerto. First appeared at the Phil- 
 harmonic Concerts, March 15, 1847, as soloist 
 in Weber's concerto in E fiat ; and played 
 for the last time in public at the same, ^larch 
 6, 1854, Mendelssohn's concerto in D minor. 
 On December 16, 1851, she was married to 
 the eminent surgeon (Sir) Henry Thompson. 
 She continued her connection with the R.A.M. 
 for some years after her retirement from the 
 concert platform. Her works include an 
 opera, L'Elisir d' Amore ; an overture ; two 
 string quartets ; a trio for pf. and strings ; 
 sonatas for pf., and pf. and violin ; pieces for 
 violin ; pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Lodge, John, see Ellerton, John Lodge. 
 
 Logan, Edmond, amateur niusician and 
 flute player, born about 1804 ; died Edinburgh 
 January 24, 1865. He was a writer to the 
 Signet in Edinburgh, and acted as musical 
 critic to the Scotsman for many years. 
 
 Logan, William, amateur violinist and 
 composer, was born in Ayrshire, about 1745. 
 He was a major in the army, and is chiefly 
 notable as a friend of Burns ihe poet, who 
 addressed an " Epistle " to him beginning 
 " Hail, thairim - inspiriu' rattlin' Willie." 
 He composed various dances, etc., contained 
 in John Hall's collection, and elsewhere. 
 
 Lohr, Frederick Nicholls, composer, 
 pianist, and conductor, was born at Norwich, 
 in January, 1844. He was a pupil of Dr. Z. 
 Buck. He settled in Plymouth as a teacher 
 and concert-giver, and became organist of 
 Sherwell Chapel, and conductor of the Ply- 
 mouth Vocal Association. He died at Ply- 
 mouth, December 18th, 1888. He composed 
 Fairy Music, a cantata for treble voices ; 
 Country songs for the children's hour ; School 
 songs ; Orchestral and pf. music, etc. 
 
 Lohr, Richard Harvey, composer, pi- 
 anist, and organist, born at Leicester, June 
 13, 1856. Son of Geo. Aug. Lohr, many years 
 organist of St. Margaret's, Leicester. Edu- 
 cated at home, and later at the R.A.M., under 
 Sullivan, Prout, and W. H. Holmes. Won 
 the Lucas medal for composition twice — 
 1877-8. Potter Exhibitioner and Santley 
 Prizeholder, 1879. A. R.A.M. Associate Phil- 
 harmonic Society and Member of the Royal 
 Society of IMusicians. Has acted as organist 
 since the age of ten, and at present holds 
 office at St. James's, Marylebone (Rev. H. R. 
 Haweis). In 1882, began giving concerts in 
 London, and chamber concerts in Leicester ; 
 and is in great request as accompanist and 
 as a teacher. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, The Queen of Sheba, 
 selection performed St. James', Marylebone, 
 Dec. 13, 1896. Anthems: They that go down 
 (for soprano solo, chorus, and orchestra, 1885) ; 
 
 LONGHURST. 
 
 God, who madest earth and heaven ; Watch- 
 ing, praying, waiting, and others. Morning 
 and evening service in G, op. 12 ; Communion 
 service in A minor. A Border raid, chorus 
 with orchestra (1883), and other part-songs. 
 Album of ten songs, op. 16, etc., etc. Quartet 
 in E minor, op. 15, pf. and strings (produced 
 at a concert given by the composer, June, 
 1882 ; published 1889) ; Ballade in G, op. 3, 
 violoncello and pf. ; Duo concertanti, op. 13, 
 pf. and violoncello ; Caprice in G, op. 11, 
 Cavatina in B flat, op. 14, violin and pf. The 
 Window, twelve pieces, op. 7, and other com- 
 positions for pf. Scales and arpeggios, speci- 
 ally adapted for examinations. Author of 
 Lohr's Primer, catechism of the Rudiments 
 of music, London, Lucas, Weber, and Co., 
 1882 ; Principia of inusic, a complete expla- 
 nation of the rudiments of music, etc., Loia- 
 don, Forsyth, 1890. Editor of London chant 
 Book, 1885. 
 
 Lomas, Qeorge, organist and composer, 
 born at I3irch Hull, Bolton, November 30, 
 1834. He studied under Steggall, Sterndale 
 Bennett, and J. F. Bridge. He acted as 
 voluntary organist of Didsbury Parish Church, 
 and at Emmanuel Church, Barlow Moor. 
 He graduated Mus. Bac. in 1876. He died 
 October, 18, 1884. Composer of music for 
 the church, the hymn tune " Submission," 
 etc. Song, " Take me to thy heart, dear 
 maiden" (Professor Blackie), composed ex- 
 pressly for Madame Marie Roze. 
 
 Long, Samuel, organist and composer of 
 latter part of last century. Among other 
 works he published " Four lessons and two 
 voluntaries for the harpsichord or organ," 
 London [1770]; " Where'er you tread," prize 
 glee, 1764 ; " Hush the god of love," glee ; 
 Psalms in Riley's collection, etc. 
 
 Longbottom, T. K., composer, born at 
 Burley, Yorkshire, 1832. He was a teacher 
 and conductor. Died at Bradford, August 15, 
 1882. Composer of a number of stories with 
 music, such as Alfred the Great, Daniel, 
 David, Elijah, St. Paul ; and other vocal 
 music. 
 
 Longhurst, John Alexander, vocalist, 
 born in 1809. He studied under John Wat- 
 son, and first appeared in Bishop's opera, 
 " Henri Quatre," in 1820. He sang at 
 numerous concerts. Died in 1855. 
 
 Longhurst, William Henry, organist 
 and composer, born at Lambeth, October 6, 
 1819. When he was two years old his parents 
 went to reside at Canterbury, and in 1828 he 
 was admitted a chorister in the Cathedral. 
 In 1836 he was appointed assistant organist, 
 master of the choristers, and lay-clerk ; and 
 in 1873 succeeded T. E. Jones as cathedral 
 organist. P.C.O., 1865; Mus. Doc, Cantuar, 
 1875; Toronto, 1886. Musical Lecturer at 
 St. Augustine's College, Canterbury. 
 
254 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 LOOSEMORE. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, David and Absolom, 
 produced, Canterbury, January 10, 1872 ; 
 The Village Fair, an Alpine Idyll (words by 
 Jetty Vogel), Canterbury, February 6, 1882. 
 Cathedral service in E ; Benedicite in E ; 
 chants, etc. Anthems: Blessed is he; Grant 
 to us. Lord ; Great is the Lord ; The Lord is 
 my strength, and others. Editor of A Collec- 
 tion of Anthems, as performed at Canterbury 
 Cathedral [1845J. Andante piacevole and 
 Tarantella, violin and pf., songs, etc. 
 
 Loosemore, George, organist and com- 
 poser, who flourished in the 17th century. 
 Mus. Bac, Cantab. Chorister in King's 
 College, Cambridge, 1G60. Organist of Trinity 
 College, 16G0. Doc. Mus., Cantab., 1665. 
 Composed Anthems, mostly preserved in MS. 
 
 Loosemore, Henry, organist and com- 
 poser, father of the above, was a chorister at 
 Cambridge. Organist of King's College, 
 Cambridge. Mus. Bac, Cantab., 1640. Org- 
 anist of Exeter Cathedral, 1660. He died in 
 1670. Composer of service and anthems. 
 
 His brother, John (,1613— April 8, 1681), 
 vpas an organ-builder, and built the organ of 
 Exeter Cathedral, etc. 
 
 Lorimer, John, amateur composer and 
 artist, was Ijorn at Paisley, on June 9, 1812. 
 He was an artist and poet, and resided chiefly 
 in Paisley, where he died, on October 13, 1878. 
 He composed a number of psalm tunes, "Crook- 
 ston," etc., and several humorous songs, the best 
 known being " I'm ower auld to marry noo." 
 
 Lott, Edwin Matthew, organist and 
 composer, born at St. Helier, Jersey, Janu- 
 ary 31, 1836. When ten years of age he was 
 organist of St. Matthew's Church, and held 
 in succession several similar appointments in 
 Jersey. Studied under W. T. Best, 1851-2; 
 P. CO., 1865. Organist of St. Clement Danes, 
 and other churches in Loudon, 1860-4 ; re- 
 turned to Jersey in 1865, and was professor of 
 music in Victoria College, and bandmaster of 
 three regiments. Re-appointed organist of St. 
 Peter's, Bayswater, 1870 ; organist of St. Ethel- 
 burga,Bishopsgate,1880;andof St. Sepulchre's, 
 Holborn, 1883 to the present time. Mr. Lott 
 has been professor and examiner. Trinity Col- 
 lege, London ; principal of Musical Interna- 
 tional College; was made Mus. Doc, honoris 
 causa, Trinity College, Toronto; examiner for 
 the same ; and in 1891 appointed to the chair 
 of music. He has written a cantata, " Thus 
 saith the Lord, heaven is my throne" ; church 
 services, anthems, etc. " Into the silent land"; 
 " The Fairy wedding," and other songs. Son- 
 ata in F ; Bourree ; Minuet ; Fifty-five finger 
 inventions in all keys, for pf., with about 300 
 pieces for that instrument. Organ jjieces in 
 various styles. He is author of a Pianoforte 
 Catechism ; Harmony Catechism ; and a Dic- 
 tionary of Musical Terms, all of which have 
 passed through several editions. 
 
 LOWE. 
 
 Lott, John Browning, organist and con- 
 ductor, was a chorister at Canterbury Cathe- 
 dral under Dr. Longhurst, and afterwards 
 organist successively at the churches of St. 
 Dunstan and St. Paul in that city. The last 
 he left to become assistant organist at the 
 cathedral. He went next to the parish Church, 
 Margate, and while there graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1876. In 1881 he was appointed or- 
 ganist and master of the choristers at Lich- 
 field Cathedral. He conducts the Diocesan 
 Choral Festivals, and is the founder and con- 
 ductor of the Lichfield IMusical Society, which 
 has done important service to music in the 
 locality. 
 
 Love, James, conductor, organist, and 
 author, born at Dundee, January 1, 1858. He 
 has been organist of High Church, Falkirk 
 since 1878, and has for many years acted as 
 condu'jtor of the Falkirk and Vale of Leven 
 Choral Societies. Author of " Scottish Church 
 Music, its composers and sources," Edinburgh, 
 1891, a work of much value and accuracy 
 which is particularly strong in its biographi- 
 cal details. 
 
 Lover, Samuel, poet, painter, novelist, 
 and composer, was born at Dublin, February 
 24, 1797 ; died at Jersey, July 6, 1868. 
 
 Works. — Various Novels. Songs and Bal- 
 lads, London, 1859. Music to the following 
 plays : Rory O'More (based on his novel) 1837 ; 
 White Horse of the Peppers, 1838 ; Happy man, 
 1839 ; Green Boy, 1840 ; II Paddy Whack in 
 Italia, 1841; MacCarthy More, 1861. Songs: 
 A leaf that reminds me of thee; Angel's whis- 
 per ; Birth of St. Patrick ; Bowld Soger Boy ; 
 Fairy Boy; Fairy Tempter; Fisherman ; For- 
 give but don't forget; Four leaved Shamrock; 
 Hour before day ; I leave you to guess ; Irish 
 mule driver; Land of the west; Letter (the); 
 Low backed car ; May dew ; Molly Bawn ; 
 Molly Carew ; My Mother dear ; Rory O'More ; 
 Saint Kevin ; True love can ne'er forget; 'Twas 
 the day of the feast ; Can you ever forget ; Dove 
 song; Fisherman's daughter; I can ne'er for- 
 get thee ; Kathleen and the Swallows ; Lady 
 mine ; Macarthy's grave ; watch you well ; 
 Rose, zephyr, and dewdrop ; Sally ; Say not 
 my heart is cold ; That rogue Riley ; Voice 
 within ; Whistling thief ; Widow IMachree. 
 
 Many of Lover's songs have passed into the 
 Irish national repertory, the "Angel's Whis- 
 per," "The Letter," "What will you do love?" 
 and " The Fairy Tempter," being among the 
 best known. 
 
 Lowe, C. Egerton, pianist and writer of 
 present time. Studied at Leipzig Conserva- 
 torium. Has published Six Album leaves for 
 violin and pf., and is author of a Chronological 
 Cyclopaedia of Musicians and Musical Events, 
 London, Weekes, 1896. 
 
 Lowe or Low, Edward, organist and 
 composer, was born at Salisbury [1615] . He 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 255 
 
 LOWE. 
 
 was a chorister in Salislairy Cathedral, under 
 Hohnes. Organist of Christ Church, Oxford, 
 1630. Organist of Cliapel Royal, lfi60. Chora- 
 gus and professor of music, Oxford, 16G1-82. 
 He died at Oxford, July 11, 1682. 
 
 Works. — A short direction for the per- 
 formance of Cathedrale service, etc., Oxford, 
 1661. Anthems, etc. 
 
 Lowe, Joseph, composer and dancing- 
 master, born at Marykirk, Kincardineshire, 
 in 1797. Son of John Lowe, a dancing-master 
 and composer there. He resided at Brechin, 
 Inverness, etc., and finally settled in Edin- 
 burgh, where he died on July 12, 186G. He 
 issued a "Collection of reels, strathspeys, 
 jigs, etc.," Edinburgh, n.d. [c. 184.5], and 
 "Royal collection of reels, strathspeys, etc.," 
 Edinburgh, n.d. 
 
 Lowe, Thomas, tenor singer, was born 
 early in the 18th century. Debut, Drury 
 Lane Theatre, September 11, 1718. Sang in 
 Ame's "As you like it"; Handel's oratorios, 
 etc. Appeared at Vauxhall, 1745. Manager 
 of Marylebone Gardens, 1763-68. Sang at 
 Sadler's Wells, 1772. He died on March 1, 
 1783. 
 
 Lowthian, Caroline, Mrs. Cyril A. 
 Prescott, is the composer of a number of 
 songs. Sunshine, etc. Also a Bourr^e ; Dance 
 de Ballet, and other pieces for pf . 
 
 Luard=Selby, see Selby. 
 
 Lucas, Charles, comx^oser, organist, and 
 conductor, was born at Salisbury, July 28, 
 1808. Chorister in Salisbury Cathedral, under 
 Corfe, 1815-23. Pupil at R.A.M., under 
 Lindley and Crotch. 1823 - 30. Member 
 of Queen Adelaide's private band. Conductor 
 at R.A.M., 1832. Organist of Hanover Cha- 
 pel, Regent Street, 1839. He was occasion- 
 ally conductor of the Ancient Concerts in 
 1840-43. Principal 'cello at opera, and pro- 
 vincial Festivals, etc. Member of firm of 
 Addison, Hollier, and Lucas, music-publishers, 
 1856-65. Principal of R.A.M., 1859-66. He 
 was married to Miss Helen Taylor, the soprano 
 vocalist ; who died at London, March 8, 1866. 
 He died at London, March 23, 1869. 
 
 Works. — The Regicide, opera ; Three sym- 
 phonies ; Overtures ; Violoncello concerto, 
 etc. Anthems : Blessed be the Lord ; Sing, 
 heavens ; Hosanna ; O Lord, open thou ; 
 O God, the strength ; O thou that dwellest. 
 Magnificat, four voices, in canon, Gresham 
 prize, 1836. Hail to the new-born Spring, 
 glee. Ah, fading joy, madrigal. Songs : 
 Clouds from out the sky are driven ; Home- 
 ward thoughts ; Poet's consolation. String 
 quartets, unfinished operas, etc. 
 
 Lucas, Clarence, composer, born in Can- 
 ada, 1866, studied at the Conservatoire, 
 Paris, under Theodore Dubois. He has pub- 
 lished a number of pieces for pf., and is the 
 composer of the operas, " Anne Hathaway " 
 
 LUNN. 
 
 and " The Money Spider," the last produced 
 at the Matinee Theatre, Easter Monday, 1897. 
 
 Lucome, Emma, see sub. Reeves, J. Sims. 
 
 Ludwig, William, bass vocalist, born in 
 Dublin. For many years associated with 
 English opera companies. Toured with Carl 
 Rosa's company in the spring of 1876 ; with 
 the Blanche Cole company in 1879; and took 
 the part of Vanderdecketi in the " Flying 
 Dutchman" in Mr. J. W. Turner's company 
 in Birmingham. He was in America for 
 some time from 1886, joining -the American 
 Opera Company in New York, Chicago, etc. 
 He has sung in concerts and operatic recitals 
 at the Crystal l^alace and elsewhere ; and in 
 1896 rejoined the Carl Rosa company, creating 
 the part of Hans Sachs in " The IMeister- 
 singers," at Manchester, April 16. Also ap- 
 pearing at the Garrick Theatre, London, 
 January, 1897. 
 
 Lukis, Rev. William C, author of "An 
 Account of Church Bells," London, 1857. 
 
 Lumley, Benjamin, writer and operatic 
 manager, was born in 1812. He was brought 
 up to law, and became solicitor in 1832. 
 Manager of Drury Lane Theatre, 1841-52 
 and 1856-58. He died at London, March 17, 
 1875. Lumley produced a number of operas 
 by Donizetti, Verdi, Costa, Halevy, etc., and 
 among the singers who appeared under his 
 management may be named Lind, Cruvelli, 
 Johanna Wagner, Piccolomini, Tietjens, Giu- 
 glini, Ronconi, etc. He wrote a work en- 
 titled, " Reminiscences of the Opera," Lond., 
 1864, with portrait. 
 
 Lunn, Charles, writer and teacher of 
 singing, born at Birmingham, January 5, 
 1838. Brother of Rev. J. R. Lunn (q.v.). 
 Studied in Italy under Cattaneo, Sangiovanni 
 and Vizone, from 1860. In 1864-5, sang, with 
 success, at Worcester, Cheltenham, etc. In 
 1867, gave up public singing and devoted 
 himself to voice training, settling in Bir- 
 mingham. The result of his work was shown 
 in the concerts given for many years in the 
 Town Hall and other places, when large 
 numbers of j^upils sang. He began about 
 this time a series of articles in TJie Orchestra ; 
 and, in 1873, contributed to The Medical 
 Press and Circular. His principal work, 
 " The Philosophy of Voice," appeared in 
 1874, and reached its 8th edition in 1896. 
 In 1880, he published a sequel to it, "Vox 
 Populi." He has frequently lectured on the 
 voice, in Birmingham, London, etc., and 
 publ'shed a number of pamphlets — Roots of 
 Musical Art ; Vocal Expression ; Conserva- 
 tion and Restoration ; The Artistic Voice ; 
 The Voice and its Training ; The Ascent of 
 Parnassus: or the Teaching of the Future, 
 etc. In 1895 Mr. Lunn removed to London, 
 where he continues his teaching. He is a 
 frequent contributer to the musical press. 
 
256 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 LUNN. 
 
 Lunn, Henry Charles, critic, pianist 
 and composer, born in London, in 1817. Son 
 of Joseph Lunn, Assistant-Commissary of the 
 Field Train Department of the Ordnance. 
 He entered the R.A.M. in 1835, remaining 
 until 1843, studying under Mudie, \V. S. 
 Bennett, and Cipriani Potter. Elected Asso- 
 ciate, then Fellow. Was also professor, 
 member of the Committee of Management, 
 and Director, retiring in 1887. From 1863 
 to 1887 he was editor of the Musical Times, 
 to which he contributed many articles, besides 
 notices of the provincial festivals. He 
 married, December 28, 1848, IMiss Mary Anne 
 Lincoln, younger sister of Henry J. Lincoln 
 (q-v.). From 1887 he lived in retirement, and 
 died, January 23, 1894. 
 
 Works. — A descriptive essay on the patent 
 Clavic attachment, invented by Robert Brooks, 
 junior, showing its importance in facilitating 
 performance on tlie violin, 1845 ; Musings of 
 a musician, a series of popular sketches 
 (appeared in the Musical Wor-ld, 1845), Lon- 
 don, Simpkin, Marshall & Co., 1846, several 
 editions ; The elements of Music systematic- 
 ally explained, Jefferys, 1849. Compositions 
 for orchestra ; songs, and pf. pieces. 
 
 Lunn, Rev. John Robert, clergyman 
 and composer, born at Cleeve Prior, Worces- 
 ter, March 8, 1831. His father removing to 
 Birmingham in 1834, the son began receiving 
 instruction in organ playing from G. Hollins 
 in 1835, and piano lessons from W. H. Shar- 
 man in 1836. He opened an organ at Cleeve 
 Prior in 1838, and generally displayed remark- 
 able musical talent. Educated at King 
 Edward VI. Grammar School ; was organist 
 of Edgbaston Parish Church, 1846-7. Heard 
 first performance of " Elijah," and that given 
 in April, 1847, when he wrote down the music 
 of " Cast thy burden " as it was being sung, 
 and received a letter of commendation from 
 Mendelssohn, perhaps the last he penned in 
 England. Entered Cambridge University, 
 1849, gaining various scholarships. Grad- 
 uated B.A. (fourth wrangler) 1853 ; M.A., 
 1856. Ordained Deacon, 1855 ; Priest, 1856. 
 Was Fellow, and Sadlerian Lecturer, St. 
 John's College ; Sometime President of the 
 University Musical Society, and frequently 
 appearing as pianist at the concerts, intro- 
 ducing Schumaiui's Concerto, March, 1862, 
 its first performance by an Englishman. 
 Appointed vicar of Marton-cum-Grafton, 
 Yorks., 1863. At the consecration of the new 
 church, January 11, 1876, Schubert's Mass 
 in F was performed, probably for the first 
 time in an Anglican church {vide Joseph 
 Short). Has given lectures on musical sub- 
 jects in several places, and also pianoforte 
 recitals, doing much to make known the 
 works of J. S. Bach. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, St. Paulinus of York 
 
 LYLE. 
 
 (1892, MS.) ; Two Motets, for two choirs and 
 organ ; Motet, Heaven is my throne, eight- 
 part chorus (MS.) ; Service in E, for Holy 
 Eucharist, King's Chapel, Cambridge, Novem- 
 ber 1, 1861, published. Te Deum and 
 Benedictus in E, for two choirs and organ, 
 Cambridge, 1862. Priest's part for Aylward's 
 Responses; Hymn tunes, etc. Arrangements 
 for pf., 4 hands and harmonium, of Bennett's 
 Woman of Samaria, and other works ; Organ 
 arrangements, etc. Contributions to Smith's 
 Dictionary of Christian Antiquity, Church 
 Times, etc. ]\Iemoir of Caleb Parnham, 
 Rector of Ufford, Surtees Society, 1880. 
 
 Lunn, William Arthur Brown, mu- 
 sician, author of " Tlie Sequential System of 
 Musical Notation," Loudon, 1844. Five 
 editions to 1871. This was published under 
 the pseudonym of Arthur Wallbridge. He 
 died in London, April 4, 1879. 
 
 Lupo, Thomas, violinist and composer, 
 who flourished in the reign of James I. He 
 composed masques, anthems, madrigals, 
 songs in contemporary collections, and con- 
 tributed to Leighton's " Teares." His father, 
 Thomas Lupo, was a member of Queen 
 Elizabeth's Band, 1579, and was also a 
 composer. 
 
 Lupton, Rev. James, composer and 
 tenor vocalist, was born in York, 1799, and 
 died at London, December 21, 1873. Chor- 
 ister, York Minster. Ordained, 1824 ; and 
 in 1829 appointed minor canon of St. Paul's, 
 and of Westminster Abbey. He did much to 
 improve the status of the vicars-choral. He 
 composed church and secular vocal music. 
 
 Lyall, Charles, tenor vocalist, was a 
 member of the Carl Rosa Opera Company, 
 from 1875, for a number of years, taking light 
 comedy parts. He also sang in the Royal 
 English Opera Company, 1883, etc. He is, 
 perhaps, better known as a caricaturist, and 
 his cartoons in the Musical World, Musical 
 Herald, and other papers, have afforded mucli 
 aniusement. 
 
 Lyle, George Edwin, organist of Sher- 
 borne Abbey, is the composer of the cantatas, 
 "Nina," Sherborne, 1884; "Enoch," Sher- 
 borne Abbey, November, 1884 ; and " St. 
 Philip," Sherborne Abbey, May 10, 1888. 
 Also of a Festival Te Deum, for chorus, organ, 
 and military band, performed at the re- 
 opening of the Abbey organ, November 9, 
 1887. He is conductor of the Abbey Choral 
 Society, and the Sherborne Philharmonic 
 Society. 
 
 Lyle, James, Durward Lely, tenor voca- 
 list, born at Arbroath, Forfarshire, in 1857. 
 As a boy he entered a lawyer's office at Blair- 
 gowrie, and learnt the Tonic Sol-fa method 
 from a IMr. Robertson. Gaining some reputa- 
 tion as a singer, he was, by the aid of Mr. 
 Patrick Allan Eraser, of Hospitalfield, enabled 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY, 
 
 257 
 
 LYON. 
 
 to study in ]\Iilan, under Sangiovanni, Lani- 
 perti, and others. On his return to England 
 he sang much in opera. He was the original 
 Don J use in " Carmen," when ]\Iiss Emily 
 Soldene produced the work in 1879, in English. 
 He also sang at Her Majesty's, and elsewhere, 
 with the Carl Rosa Company, 1879-90. A 
 few years later he started, with his wife, 
 recitals of " Scottish Song and Story," which 
 met with great success in the United King- 
 dom, Canada, and the United States. In 
 1896 he was on tour with his own opera com- 
 pany, and produced Dr. Greig's opera, " Holy- 
 rood," at Glasgow, in October of that year. 
 
 Lyon, Thomas, organist and composer, 
 who was a relative of Bernard Gates. He 
 was organist of St. George's Church, Ratcliffe 
 Highway, London, for more than 50 years. 
 Died at London, in January, 1837, from the 
 first known epidemic of virulent influenza. 
 He composed " Six canzonets, and a glee for 
 4 %oices," London [1795]. 
 
 Samuel Thomas Lyon, probabl}- a relative 
 of the above, composed some pianoforte music, 
 about 1808-1815. 
 
 Lysons, Rev. Daniel, clergyman and 
 writer, was born about 17G0 ; died January 3, 
 1834. Author of ■' History of the origin and 
 progress of the meeting of the Three Choirs 
 of Gloucester, Worcester, and Hereford," 
 Gloucester, 1819. Second edition continued 
 bj' John Amott [see that name] , London, 
 n.d. [18G4] ; continued to 1894 by C. Lee 
 Williams (q.v.),a,nd H. Goodwin Chance, M.A., 
 Gloucester, Chance and Bland, 1895. 
 
 Maas, Joseph, tenor vocalist, born at 
 Dartford, Kent, Januarj' 30, 1847. Of Dutch 
 descent, his father, Joseph Maas, died Novem- 
 ber 6, 1888, being also a singer. Chorister in 
 Rochester Cathedral from 1856, studying un- 
 der J. L. Hopkins and later under Madame 
 Bodda-Pyne. When his voice broke he be- 
 came a clerk at Chatham dockyard. In 1869 
 he went to Milan, and studied under San- 
 giovanni. Made his debut at St. James's 
 Hall, February 9, 1871, at one of Henry 
 Leslie's concerts; sang in " Babil and Bijou" 
 at Covent Garden, September, 1872. He then 
 went to America and joined the Kellogg Opera 
 Company. Joined the Carl Rosa Company in 
 1878, remaining with it some years, and ap- 
 pearing in a variety of parts. First sang in 
 Italian Opera at Her IMajesty's, IMay 15, 1880, 
 in "Faust " ; and took the part of Lohengrin 
 at Covent Garden, June 7, 1883. In the con- 
 cert room he speedily became popular ; and 
 was engaged at the Birmingham Festivals, 
 1879 (]\lessiah), to 1885 ; Gloucester and Leeds, 
 1880, etc. His last public appe ranee was at 
 Nottio'jham, December 31, 1885, and he died 
 in London, January 16, 1886. He was buried 
 at West Hampstead Cemetery. A monument 
 
 McBURNEY. 
 
 over his grave was unveiled February 20, 1887 ; 
 and a " Maas Memorial Prize" was instituted 
 the same year, for the encouragement of tenor 
 vocalists. 
 
 M' Allister, Robert, musician and teacher 
 of singing, was born in Glasgow, February, 
 1822. Author of " The Art of Singing at 
 Sight Simplified," 1844; "The Art of Singing 
 at Sight ; or, a Complete Theoretical and 
 Practical Vocal Music Instruction Book," etc. 
 Glasgow, 1848. " Easy Introduction to the 
 Key Board of the Pianoforte or Harmonium." 
 Inventor of the Tonic Sliding Scale or ilusical 
 Ladder ; Initial Note Notation ; Stave Sol-fa 
 Notation, etc. 
 
 Macbeth, Allan, composer, pianist, and 
 conductor, born at Greenock, March 13, 1856. 
 Son of Norman Macbeth, A.R.S.A. Educated 
 in Germany. Studied music first under 
 Robert Davidson, and Otto Schweitzer, Edin- 
 burgh; and later, at Leipzig Conservatorium, 
 under E. F. Richter, Reinecke, and Jadas- 
 sohn, 1875-6. Has held organ appointments 
 at Albany Street Congregational Chapel, Edin- 
 burgh, 1871 ; Woodside Established Church, 
 1882 ; and St. George's in the Fields, Glasgow, 
 1884. He was choirmaster of the Glasgow 
 Choral Union, 1880-7 ; conductor of the Green- 
 ock Select Choir, 1881 ; and the Glasgow Kyrle 
 Choir 1884. On the establishment of a school 
 of music at the Glasgow Atheufeum in 1890, he 
 was appointed Principal, an office he retains. 
 
 Works. — Operetta, The Duke's Doctor 
 (MS.); Cantata, The Land of Glory (Prize, 
 Glasgow Society of Musicians), produced 
 Glasgow, May, 1890 ; Silver Bells, cantata ; 
 Jubilee Chorus, Glasgow Academy Choir, 
 1896. Three four-part souj^s, op. 26 ; The 
 Steerman's song ; Near thee, still near thee ; 
 Queen Dagmar's Cross; The Waif; My heart, 
 its sorrows; and other songs. Arrangements 
 of Scotch songs for four voices, etc. In viem- 
 oriam for orchestra ; Forget me not. Gavotte, 
 orchestra, Glasgow Choral Union, 1883 ; In- 
 termezzo, strings; Serenata; Danse Pizzicati; 
 Ballet de la Cour, orchestra. Trios, pf. and 
 strings ; Suite, 'cello, and pf. Barcarolle, op. 
 25 ; Berceuse; Scherzino, and other pieces for 
 pf . Overture and incidental music to a drama, 
 not yet produced. 
 
 Macburney, Charles, sec Burney, Chas. 
 
 McBurney, S., teaclier of Tonic Sol-fa, 
 was born at Glasgow. Son of the late Isaac 
 McBurney, LL.D. Studied at Glasgow Uni- 
 versity, 1864-6 ; opened a school at Bathgate, 
 near Edinburgh; but, in 1870, for his health's 
 sake, went to Australia, where he has made 
 his home. For some years held various posi- 
 tions in schools; but, having studied Tonic 
 Sol-fa in his j-outh with John McLellan, he 
 began to devote himself more to music. He 
 spent some months in Germany, and attended 
 the summer session of the Tonic Sol-fa Col- 
 
 Q 
 
258 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 IMACCABE. 
 
 lege, London After his return to Australia 
 he founded tlie Victorian Tonic Sol-fa Asso- 
 ciation, and was its first president. In 1890 
 he graduated Mus. Bac. and INIus. Doc, Dub- 
 lin. He holds the office of Inspector of Music 
 to the IMelbourne Educational Department. 
 He has composed Ps. 103 for soprano solo, 
 d uble chorus, and orchestra; school cantatas, 
 Christmas Greeting; Victoria; Children's 
 Festival ; Ode for Melbourne Sunday School 
 Union, etc. 
 
 Maccabe, Frederick, tenor vocalist, ven- 
 triloquist and entertainer, who has travelled 
 all over Brit m and the colonies with a mono- 
 logue entertainment, partly musical, partly 
 ventriloquial. He also sang in comic opera, 
 and appeared on the stage. About 1860, his 
 entertainment entitled " Begone dull care," 
 was produced at Dublin, London, and other 
 towns. He has composed the following songs 
 — Cease thy reposing. Fluttering on the line. 
 Lady rise, Olj^tina'e man. Oh happy days of 
 youth. Radiant blars, Sailing of the ship, 
 Whisperings of hope, etc. Also author of 
 " Art of Ventriloquism, including directions 
 to learners," London, 1875. " Voice produc- 
 tion," Wolveihampton, 1893. 
 
 MacCalla, James, composer and teacher, 
 was born about the end of last centur}'. He 
 was a musician m London, and a member of 
 the Royal Society of Musicians. Died Lon- 
 don, April 3, 1847. He composed " Life, a 
 cantata," 1840; Songs, pf. music, etc., and 
 edited " The Choir and Congregational Part 
 Book . . ," London, [1844]. 
 
 MacCann, J. H., concertina player, in 
 business as a concertina maker, at Plymouth. 
 Has appeared at many concerts in the locality. 
 Author of "New method of instructions for 
 the new Chromatic Duet English Concertina 
 . . . ," London [1885]. 
 
 MacCunn, Hamish, composer, born at 
 Greenock, .March 22, 1868. Son of James 
 MacCunn, shipowner, of Greenock. Com- 
 menced the study of music at an early age, 
 and on the openmg of the R.C.IM., in 1883, 
 won a Scholarship for composition. His 
 principal teacher was Dr. Hubert Parry. The 
 Scholarship he resigned in 1886. He became 
 known as a composer the next year, through 
 the instrumentality of Mr. August ]\Ianns, 
 and in 1888, received a commission to com- 
 pose a cantata for the Glasgow Choral Union. 
 In May, 1888, he gave a series of Orchestral 
 Concerts in the studio of Mr. John Pettie, 
 R.A., whose daughter he married in June, 
 1889. He was appointed a Professor of Har- 
 mony at the R.A.M., in 1888, a post he held 
 until 1894. In 1892, he was conductor of the 
 Hampstead Conservatoire Orchestral Society. 
 He has conducted performances of his com- 
 positions in different places. 
 
 Works. — Operas: Jeanie Deans (Jos. Ben- 
 
 MACDONALD. 
 
 nett), produced, Carl Rosa Company, Edin- 
 burgh, November 15, 1894 ; and Diarmid and 
 Ghrin^ (Marquis of Lome), composed 1896. 
 Cantatas, etc.: Bonny Kilmeuy, op. 2, 1888; 
 Lord UUin's Daughter, op. 4, Crystal Palace, 
 February 18, 1.S88; The Lay of the Last Mins- 
 trel, Glasgow Choral Union, December 18, 
 1888 ; The Cameronian's Dream, op. 10, 
 Edinburgh, January 27, 1890 ; Psalm 8, com- 
 posed for opening of Edinburgh Exhibition, 
 May 1, 1890 ; Queen Hynde of Caledon, Glas- 
 gow, January 28, 1892 ; The death of Parry 
 Reed, men's chorus and orchestra. Orches- 
 tral: Overture, Cior Mhor, Greenock, January 
 22, 1887 ; Concert overture. Land of the 
 mountain and the flood, Crystal Palace, No- 
 vember 5, 1887 ; Orchestral ballad, The Ship 
 o' the fiend, Henschel Concerts, February 21, 
 1888 ; Ballad overture. The Dowie Dens o' 
 Yarrow, Crystal Palace, October 13, 1888 ; 
 Highland meinories, 3 pieces. Songs : To 
 Julia, weeping; Pour forth the wine; Ave 
 ]\Iaria (The Lady of the lake) ; Six love 
 lyrics ; Six songs (Lady Lindsay) ; Six songs 
 (Robert Bridge) ; Album of seven songs (George 
 Macdonald) ; Part-songs, etc. Pieces for 'cello 
 and pf. Set of six Scotch dances forpf., etc. 
 
 Macdonald, Alexander, musician of last 
 half of 18th and early part of present centu- 
 ries. He was joint music-master of Heriot's 
 Hospital, Edinburgh, 1807-10, with Archibald 
 Macdonald, his father, or other relative ; and 
 held the post of precentor of Old Greyfriar's 
 Church, Edinburgh, from 1804 to 1817. He 
 compiled " A new collection of Vocal Music, 
 containing Church tunes, anthems, and songs 
 for the use of the several hospitals of this 
 city," Edinburgh, 1807. He is also, in all 
 probability, the author of " The Notation of 
 Music simplified, or the development of a 
 system in which the characters employed 
 in the notation of language are applied to the 
 notation of music," Glasgow, 1826. 
 
 Macdonald, Donald, musician, who flou- 
 rished at the end of last and beginning of the 
 present century. Compiler of a " Collection 
 of the ancient martial music of Caledonia, 
 called Piobaireachd, as performed on the 
 great Highland bagpijDC, adapted to the piano- 
 forte and violoncello, with some old Highland 
 lilts, etc," Edinburgh, ii.d. This work in- 
 cludes a tutor for the bagpipe. A collection 
 of Macdonald's quicksteps, strathspeys, reels, 
 and jigs was issued by Messrs. J. & R. Glen, 
 of Edinburgh. 
 
 Macdonald, John Denis, M.D. and 
 P.R.S. Held various public appointments, 
 and was inspector-general of hospitals and 
 fleets, 1880-6. Author of " Sound and colour, 
 their relations, analogies and harmonies," Lon- 
 don, 1869. "Naval Hygiene," 1881, etc. 
 
 Macdonald, Lieutenant=CoI. John, 
 musician and writer, born in 1759. Son of 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 259 
 
 MACDONALD. 
 
 Flora Macdonald, the Scottish heroine, and 
 Macdonald of Kingsburgh, Skye. He entered 
 the service of the East India Company, and 
 held various other military and scientific 
 appointments. Fellow of Royal Society in 
 1800. He died at Exeter, August 16, 1831. 
 He published a number of works on military 
 tactics, telegraphy, and a "Treatise explana- 
 tory of the principles constituting the Practice 
 and Theory of the Violoncello," 1811. Also a 
 "Treatise on the Harmonic System, arising 
 from the Vibrations of the aliquot division of 
 strings," 1822. 
 
 Macdonald, Joseph, musician, born 
 Strathnaver, February 26, 1739 ; died in India, 
 1762. Author of "A Collection of Bagpipe 
 Music," Edinburgh, 1803. He assisted his 
 "brother Patrick in the compilation of his col- 
 lection. His "Treatise on the theory of the 
 Scots Highland bagpipe " is published in the 
 collection of 1803, which was edited by Pat- 
 rick — see below. 
 
 Macdonald, Keith Norman, amateur 
 musician and violinist, was born in Skye, 
 November 23, 1834. He is a doctor by pro- 
 fession. Editor of "The Skye Collection of 
 the best Reels, Strathspeys, etc., arranged for 
 the violin and pianoforte," 1887 ; 2 editions 
 in the same year. 
 
 McDonald, Malcolm, composer and 
 violoncello player, who lived in the latter part 
 of the 18th century. He resided at Inver, 
 in Dunkeld Parish, and played the violoncello 
 in Niel Gow's band. He is said to have died 
 at Inver. He published " A collection of 
 Strathspey reels, with a bass for the violon- 
 cello or harpsichord," Edinburgh, 1788. He 
 also issued three other collections of the same 
 kind ; 1789, 1792, etc. 
 
 Macdonald, Patrick, musician and clergy- 
 man, was born at Durness in Strathnaver, 
 April 22, 1729. He was educated at Aberdeen 
 University, and licensed as minister in 1756. 
 Presented to the living of Kilmore, in Argj'le- 
 shire, 1756. He died at Kilmore, September 
 25, 1821. With the assistance of Joseph Mac- 
 donald, his brother, he compiled "A Collec- 
 tion of Highland Vocal Airs, never hitherto 
 published, to which are added a few of the 
 most lively Country Dances, or Reels, of the 
 North Highlands and Western Isles ; and 
 some specimens of Bagpipe Music," Edin- 
 burgh, 1784. 
 
 Macdonald, Robert Houston, organist. 
 Educated at R.A.M. Won Henry Smart 
 Scholarship, 1890. In 1893 he was ap- 
 pointed organist and choirmaster, Presby- 
 terian Church, Kimberley, S. Africa ; and in 
 1895, Borough organist, Durban, Natal. 
 
 Mace, Thomas, writer and musician, 
 l)orn in 1619. Clerk of Trinity College, 
 Cambridge. Married, 1686. He died in 1709, 
 aged 90. 
 
 MACFARLANE. 
 
 Works. — Musick's Monument ; or, a Re- 
 membrancer of the Best Practical Musick, 
 both Divine and Civil, that has ever been 
 known to have been in the World. Divided 
 into Three Parts. The First Part shows a 
 necessity of Singing Psalms well in Parochial 
 Churches, or not to sing at all. . . . The 
 Second Part treats of the Noble Lute (the 
 Best of Instruments). In the Third Part, 
 the generous Viol in its Rightest use, is 
 treated upon. Loud., 1676 [portrait]. Mace 
 invented a Dyphone or Double Lute of 50 
 strings, and a table-organ. 
 
 M'Fadyen, John, musician and publisher 
 in Wilson Street, Glasgow, in succession to 
 Aird, in early part of the present century. 
 He died at Glasgow, March 8, 1837. Pub- 
 lished collections entitled. The Repository 
 of Scots and Irish Airs, Strathspeys, Reels, 
 etc., Glasgow, n.d.; Miscellaneous Collection 
 of the best English and Irish Songs, Glasgow, 
 n.d. ; Selection of Scotch, English, Irish, and 
 Foreign Airs, adapted for the Fife, Violin, or 
 German Flute, 6 vols. Dedicated to the 
 Volunteers and defensive bands of Great 
 Britain and Ireland (c, 1800) ; Collection of 
 Highland Strathspey Reels. . . Glas., n.d., etc. 
 He kept a music circulating library in 
 Glasgow. 
 
 His son, Joseph Taylor M'Fadyen (1807 
 — Dec. 25, 1856) was also a publisher in 
 Glasgow, and another son, James (c. 1805- 
 1850), a distinguished botanist, poet and 
 musician, was curator of the Botanical Gar- 
 dens, Kingston, Jamaica, and died there 
 during the cholera epidemic of 1850. 
 
 Macfarlane, Qeorge, band-master and 
 writer, was a member of the Duke of Devon- 
 shire's private band. Author of " Cornopeoen 
 Instructor, containing the elementary Prin- 
 ciples of Music, together with Exercises, 
 Preludes, Airs, and Duetts in every key in 
 which the Instrument is playable with effect," 
 Loud., n.d. ; Two Fantasias for cornet and 
 pf. [1860] ; Waltzes and other dance music. 
 
 Macfarlane, John Reid, Scottish com- 
 poser, was born in 1800. Precentor in the 
 Outer High Church, Glasgow, 1824-28. After- 
 wards settled in London as a teacher. He 
 died in the Middlesex Hospital, London, 
 June 10, 1841. Composed a number of glees, 
 psalm tunes, etc. Brother of Thomas Mac- 
 farlane noted below. He edited " Harmonia 
 Sacra, a Selection of Sacred Music, Ancient 
 and Modern, in four parts," Glasgow, n.d. 
 [1835]. 
 
 Macfarlane, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Horsham, Sussex, about Novem- 
 ber, 1808. Son of Duncan INIacfarlane, a fine 
 bass singer, who played the French horn in 
 the Ayrshire Militia. Pupil of Andrew 
 Thomson, music-teacher, Glasgow, and after- 
 wards under J. B. Cramer, Herz, Bergotti, 
 
2G0 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MACFARREN. 
 
 and M. Garcia. Organist of the Old Episcopal 
 Chapel, Glasgow, 1827, where he remained 
 five or six years ; of St. Mary's Episcopal 
 Church till 1834 ; and of St. Jude's Episcopal 
 Church till about 1857. Precentor of Park 
 Church, 1859-1866. He was conductor of the 
 Glasgow Amateur Musical Society, and it was 
 under him the first performance of Handel's 
 " Messiah " was given in Glasgow, on April 2, 
 1844. He removed to London about 1869-70, 
 and was harmoniumist in Camden Road 
 Presbyterian Church, 1871-1882 ; and con- 
 ductor of the Camden Road Choral Society 
 for a time. He retired from all professional 
 work in 1882. He compiled Congregational 
 Psalmody of St. Jude's Church, Glasgow, 
 n.d. ; Selection of Sacred Music, containing a 
 Selection of Psalm and Hymn Tunes, Chaunts, 
 Te Deums, etc. ; Park Church Psalmody, 
 Glasgow, 1860; The Chorale and Supplement- 
 ary Psalmody, a Selection of Ancient German 
 and' other Chorales .. Glasgow, n.d.; The 
 Scripture Chant Book. .Glasgow, n.d. Songs 
 in " Lyric Gems of Scotland," etc. 
 
 Macfarren, Sir Qeorge Alexander, 
 composer, author, and professor, born in 
 London, March 2, 1813. He studied under 
 his father, George Macfarren (1788-1843), the 
 dramatist, and under Charles Lucas in 1827, 
 and Cipriani Potter at the R.A.M., 1829. In 
 1834 he became a professor at the R.A.M., 
 and on March 16, 1875, was appointed Pro- 
 fessor of Music at Cambridge University. 
 He was Mus. Bac. and Doc. Mus., Cantab., 
 in April, 1876. He became Principal of 
 R.A.M. in 1876, and was knighted in 1883. 
 He died in London, October 31, 1887. For 
 many years he was blind. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Devil's opera (libretto by 
 Geo. Macfarren), English Opera House, Lon- 
 don, August 13, 1838 ; Don Quixote (G. Mac- 
 farren), Drury Lane, 1846 ; King Charles the 
 Second (D. Ryan), Princess' Theatre, October 
 27, 1849; The" sleeper awakened (J. Oxenford), 
 H.M. Theatre, 1850; Robin Hood (J. Oxen- 
 ford i, H.M. Theatre, 1860; Jessy Lea (J. Oxen- 
 ford), Gallery of Illustration, 1863 ; She stoops 
 to conquer (E. Fitzball), Covent Garden, 1864 ; 
 Soldier's Legacy (J. Oxenford), Gallery of 
 Illustration, 1864 ; Helvellyn (J. Oxenford), 
 Covent Garden, 1864 ; Prince of Modena (MS.); 
 Caractacus (MS.) ; El Malhechor (MS.) ; Allan 
 of Aberfeldy (MS.). Maf<ques: Emlilematical 
 tribute, on Her Majesty's marriage (G. Mac- 
 f,arren), Drury Lane, 1840; Freya's Gift 
 (J. Oxenford), on marriage of the Prince of 
 Wales, Covent Garden, 1863. Farces avd 
 Melodramas : Mrs. G., Queen's Theatre, 1831 ; 
 Maid of Switzerland, Queen's Theatre, 1832 ; 
 Genevieve, 1834 ; I and my Double, 1835 ; 
 Old oak tree, 1835 (English Opera House) ; 
 If the cap fit ye, wear it, 1836 ; Innocent sins, 
 1836 ; Love among the roses, 1839 ; Agnes 
 
 MACFARREN. 
 
 Bernduer, 1839. Oratorios : St. John the 
 Baptist, Bristol Festival, October 23, 1873;. 
 Resurrection, Birmingham Festival, 1876;. 
 Joseph, Leeds Festival, 1877 ; King David, 
 Leeds Festival, 1883. Cantatas : Lenora 
 (Biirger-Oxenford), Harmonic L^nion, 1853 ; 
 May Day (Oxenford), Bradford Festival, 1856; 
 Christmas (Oxenford), London, 1860; Songs- 
 in a cornfield (Christina Rossetti), 3 868 ; 
 Outward Bound (Oxenford), Norwich Festival, 
 1872; Lady of the Lake (Scott adapted), 
 Glasgow Festival, November 15, 1877; St. 
 George's Te Deum, Crystal Palace, 1884.. 
 Church Music : Choral Service in E flat ; 
 Unison Service in G ; Fifty-two Introits or 
 short anthems for holy days and seasons of 
 the church ; Two-part anthems for female 
 and male voices, and for female voices alone ; 
 Numerous single anthems ; Hymns in Angli- 
 can Hymn Book, etc. ; Chants, etc. Secular 
 Vocal Music : Six convivial glees for 3 voices ; 
 Fifteen Shakspere Songs for 4 voices (1860-64); 
 Three four-part songs for male voices; Six 
 four-part songs (by Chas. Kingsley) ; Six four- 
 part songs (by Herrick) ; Three madrigals ; 
 Numerous detached four-part songs, trios, 
 duets, etc. Sojigs and ballads : Four songs, 
 from Lane's "Arabian Nights"; Two son gs- 
 with clarionet accomp. ; Three songs with 
 flute accomp. ; Four songs from Tennyson's 
 "Idylls"; Three songs from Heine; Six 
 songs from Lewis Morris' ' Gwen" ; Numer- 
 ous detached songs. Sy^iiphonu s : No. 1 in C 
 (1828) ; No. 2 in D minor ; No. 3 in F minor; 
 No. 4 in A minor (1834); No 5 in B flat ; 
 No. 6 in C sharp minor ; No. 7 in D ; No. 8 
 in E minor. Concert Overtures : E flat ; 
 Merchant of Venice ; Romeo and Juliet ; 
 Chevy Chase (1836) ; Don Carlos ; Hamlet ; 
 Festival ; Idyll in memory of Sir Sterndale 
 Bennett ; Concerto for pf. and orchestra, in 
 C minor ; Concerto for flute and orchestra, 
 in G ; Concerto for violin and orchestra, in G 
 minor. Co^tcerted Music, Instrumental : 
 Quintet for pf. and strings in G minor; Quin- 
 tet for concertina and strings in A ; Six 
 Quartets for strings in G minor, C, A, F, G 
 minor and G ; Trio for pf., violin, and 'cello, 
 in E ; Trio for pf., flute, and 'cello, in A ; 
 Sonatas for violin and pf. in A and C ; Sonata 
 for flate and pf. in B flat. Organ : Sonata 
 in C. Pianoforte : Sonatas in E flat. A, 
 G minor, D, F minor, B flat, E, and C minor, 
 etc. Violin : Five romances for violin and 
 pf., etc. Literary and Theoretical Works: 
 Little Clarina's Lesson Book, 1853-55 ; Rudi- 
 ments of Harmony . .London, 1860 (14 eds.) ; 
 Six Lectures on Harmony. .London, 1867, 
 3rd ed., 1880; On the Structure of a Sonata, 
 London, 1871 ; Eighty musical sentences to 
 illustrate chromatic chords, London, 1875 ; 
 Counterpoint, a j)ractical course of study, 
 London, 1879 ; Musical history briefly narrated 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 261 
 
 I 
 
 MACPARREN. 
 
 and technically discussed, London, 1885 (from 
 the " Encyclopaedia Britannica," 9th ed.) ; 
 Analyses of oratorios, etc., for concert pro- 
 grams; Addresses and lectures at R.A.iM. ; 
 Musical biographies in " Imperial Dictionary 
 of Biography " ; Grove's " Dictionary of 
 Music," etc. Collections, or Edited Works : 
 Old English Ditties, 2 vols. ; Songs of England 
 (Chappell) ; Old Scottish Ditties ; Moore's 
 Irish Melodies ; British Vocal Album ; 
 Editions of Purcell's "Dido and Eneas," 
 Handel's "Belshazzar," "Judas Maccabeus," 
 " Jephtha," and " Messiah." See " George 
 A. Macfarren, his life, works, and influence," 
 by H. C. Banister, London, 1891. 
 
 Macfarren, Natalia, bom Andreae, 
 vocalist and teacher, wife of the foregoing, 
 was born at Liibeck. She has translated a 
 number of opera libretti, and written a Vocal 
 School, and an " Elementary Course of Vocal- 
 ising and Pronouncing the English Language," 
 London, n.d. 
 
 Macfarren, Mrs. John, born Emma 
 jMarie Benxett, pianist, composer, and lec- 
 turer, born in London, June 19, 1824. Began 
 her musical studies at an early age, her 
 teachers being W. H. Kearns, and later, 
 Madame Dulcken. Composition she studied 
 under (Sir) G. A. Macfarren. In 1846 she 
 married Mr. John Macfarren, a brother of 
 Sir George, and the couple went to New York, 
 remaining in the United States three years. 
 Her talent was duly recognised there, but 
 home associations drew her back to London. 
 She gave her first concert at the New Beet- 
 hoven Rooms, April 12, 1851, playing in 
 W. H. Holmes's quartet for four pianists 
 " Uns Romance de Deux Minutes," with the 
 composer, Arabella Goddard, and William 
 Dorrell. Cipriani Potter and Sterudale 
 Bennett also played at this concert — a remark- 
 able gathering of pifinists. IMusical matint^es 
 were thjn given annually, and also concerts 
 in the suburbs, up to the year 1883. In 1860 
 Mrs. ]Macfarren first appeared as a lecturer at 
 St. Jamas's Hall. These lectures were virtu- 
 ally pianoforte recitals, with remarks on the 
 works performed, written expressly for her by 
 G. A. IMacfarren. They were extended over 
 many years, and also given in the provinces. 
 Under tlie noin-de-plume of Jules Brissac 
 she produced a great number of pf. pieces, 
 amongst the most popular being ' ' Bonnie 
 Scotland," and a " Valse de Bravoure." 
 From 1883 her time was devoted exclusively 
 to teaching and writing, and she died in 
 London, after a brief but painful illness, on 
 November 9, 1895. 
 
 Macfarren, Walter Cecil, pianist and 
 composer, brother of Sir George, was born in 
 London, August 28, 1826. Chorister at West- 
 minster Abbey, 1836-41, under James Turle ; 
 and pupil of R.A.M., 1842-6, studying piano- 
 
 McGIBBON. 
 
 forte under W. H. Holmes, and composition 
 under his brother, and Cipriani Potter. 
 During his student days he played a duet 
 with W. H. Holmes at one of H. J. Banister's 
 quartet concerts, ]\Iarch 30, 1844 ; and on the 
 26th of x\pril following was introduced as a 
 composer by a Pf. trio, at the G. A. Macfarren 
 and Davidson concerts. In 1845 other works 
 were produced by the Society of British 
 Musicians. In 1846, he was appointed a 
 professor at the R.A.M., and his 50th year in 
 that office was marked, in 1896, by a present- 
 ation from past and present pupils. He 
 conducted the Academy concerts, 1873-80. 
 F. R.A.IM. For many years he was connected 
 with the Philharmonic Society as director 
 and treasurer, having been elected an Associate 
 in 1849. He gave a series of orchestral con- 
 certs in 1882, conducting the whole from 
 memory. His pianoforte recitals and lectures 
 have been numerous, and have been given in 
 London, Bristol, and other places ; and many 
 of his pupils have attained high positions. 
 
 Works. — Symphony in B flat, composed, 
 1879, produced, Brighton Festival, 1880. 
 Overtures: A Winter's Tale (1844); Taming 
 of the Shrew (1845) ; Beppo (1847) : Pastoral 
 (1878) ; Hero and Leander, composed, 1878, 
 produced, Brighton Festival, 1879, Crystal 
 Palace and Philharmonic, 1880; Henry V., 
 Norwich Festival, 1881 ; Othello, composed, 
 1895, performed. Queen's Hall, February 16, 
 and at Bristol Festival, October 14, 1896. 
 Concertstiick in E, pf. and orchestra, Brighton 
 Festival, 1881. Three trios, pf., violin and 
 'cello ; Two sonatas, ]3f . and violin ; Sonata, 
 pf. and 'cello ; four Romances, pf. and violin. 
 Pianoforte : 24 Studies in Style and Tech- 
 nique ; 40 Preludes, in all keys, as studies in 
 the art of Improvisation ; two sets, 12 studies. 
 Comprehensive Scale and Arpeggio manual, 
 Ashdown ; Pf. Method, R. Cocks. Three 
 Suites de Pieces, in D niinor, E flat, and C. 
 Allegro appassionato ; Toccata in C minor ; 
 and an immense number of pieces as Taran- 
 tsllas. Mazurkas, Valses, Nocturnes, Im- 
 promptias, etc. Vocal : Cantata for female 
 voices. The Song of the Sunbeam. Morning 
 and Evening service in A ; Evening Service 
 in C ; anthem, Praise ye the Lord ; Tunes in 
 Hymns Ancient and Modern, and other Col- 
 lections. Daybreak ; An emigrant's song ; 
 Autumn ; You stole my love ; Bells across 
 the sea ; Who is Sylvia ? ; and other partr 
 songs. Six sacred songs ; A widow bird sat 
 mourning ; Awake, O heart ; Ah ! sweet, thou 
 little knowest ; and other songs. Editor of 
 Mozart's Pf. Works ; Beethoven's Sonatas ; 
 Popular Classics ; Morceaux Classiqi;es, etc. 
 
 McQibbon, William, violinist and com- 
 poser, was born about the beginning of the 
 18th century. Son of jMatthew McCi-ibbon, 
 oboe player, who performed at the St. Cecilia 
 
262 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 McGILL. 
 
 concert, Edinburgh, in 1695. He studied the 
 violin under Corbet, of London. Leader of 
 Gentlemen's Concerts at Edinburgh, and 
 teacher there. He died at Edinburgh, Oct- 
 ober 3, 1756. , 
 
 Works. — Six Sonatos or Solos for a German 
 Flute or Violin, Edinburgh, 1740; A Collec- 
 tion of Scots Tunes, some with variations for 
 a violin, hautbois, or German flute, with a 
 bass for a violoncellQ or harpsichord — Book 1, 
 1742 ; Book 2, 1746 ; Book .3, 1755. Original 
 dances, and some flute music. 
 
 McQill, John, composer, born in A3'rshire, 
 in 1707. He was an associate of John Riddell, 
 of Ayr, but is supposed to have been an itin- 
 erant musician in some of the towns of Ayr- 
 shire. He composed the tune now associated 
 with the song called " Come under my plaidie." 
 
 M'QIashan, Alexander, violinist, who 
 flourished in Edinburgh about the end of last 
 century. He was the leader of a fashionable 
 band, in Edinburgh, and gave concerts. He 
 was nicknamed " King M'Glashan," on account 
 of his fine personal appearance. He died at 
 Edinburgh, in May, 1797. He published " A 
 Collection of Strathsxjey Reels, with a bass for 
 the violoncello or harpsichord," 1778 ; A Col- 
 lection of Scots Measures, Hornpipes, Jigs, 
 Allemands, Cotillons, and the fashionable 
 Country Dances, with the bass for the violon- 
 cello or harpsichord, Edinburgh [1778] . 
 
 MacQlashan, John, a teacher of the piano, 
 and collector, who flourished in Edinburgh, 
 about 1798-1812, was probably a relative of 
 the above. He published "A Collection of 
 Strathspey Reels for the pianoforte, violin, or 
 German flute," Edinburgh, 1798. 
 
 M'Ouckin, Barton, tenor vocalist, born 
 at Dublin, July 28, 1853. At the age of ten 
 he became a choir boy at Armagh Cathedral, 
 and Robert Turle taught him singing, piano- 
 forte, and organ. In 1871, he gained the post 
 of first tenor at St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dub- 
 lin, and also at Trinity College. He then 
 studied under Joseph Robinson. After singing 
 at concerts in Dublin, and at the Crystal 
 Palace, 1874-5, he went to Milan, and studied 
 under Trevulsi. On his return he sang at the 
 Crystal Palace, October 28, 1876 ; and at the 
 Ancient Concert Room, Dublin, November 
 28. Then followed engagements in many 
 places. His Festival work dates from 1879, 
 at Hereford ; he sang at Bristol Festival the 
 same year ; Norwich, 1881 ; Leeds, 1886, etc. 
 He made his debut in opera, at the Theatre 
 Royal, September 10, 1880, as Thaddezis, in 
 Balfe's " The Bohemian Girl," and since that 
 time up to 1896, as a member of the Carl 
 Rosa Company, has appeared in a variety of 
 parts. He also sang in opera in New York, 
 1887-8. His brother, Albert M'Guckin, is 
 a baritone singer, and has been heard in opera 
 and concerts. He married, in 1892, Miss 
 
 MACINTYRE. 
 
 Lucille Saunders, an American mezzo-soprano ; 
 and in 1893, with his wife, went to America. 
 
 Machardy, James M. P., musician and 
 teacher, is a native of Edinburgh. Brother 
 of the undernoted. Author of "The Rudi- 
 ments of Music, as it ought to be studied, 
 vocal and instrumental," n.d. 
 
 Machardy, Robert, composer and teacher, 
 born at Edinburgh, September 10, 1848. Has 
 composed "The Woodland Witch," a dram- 
 atic cantata; "Hymn of the Seasons," can- 
 tatina ; some songs and pf . pieces ; and edited 
 for some time The Scottish Musical Times, 
 now defunct. Author of ■' Progressive Piano- 
 forte Playing," n.d.; "Progressive Sight- 
 Singing." n.d. 
 
 Machin, William, bass singer, born at 
 Birmingham in 1798. He was a chorister in 
 Lichfield Cathedral, and on the recommend- 
 ation of Sir Robert Peel was appointed to the 
 Chapel Royal, London ; and he afterwards 
 sang at the Temple Church and St. Paul's 
 Cathedral. He sang at the Birmingham 
 Festivals from 1834 to 1849. Died at Hands- 
 worth, in Sei)tember, 1870. 
 
 Machray, Alexander, amateur musician, 
 born at Aberdeen, June 7, 1837. He studied 
 music under Richard Latter and W. R. 
 Broomfield. From 1855 to 1876 he was 
 leader of psalmody in the East Church, 
 Aberdeen, and was Secretary of the Aberdeen 
 Choral Union, etc. He is an advocate irii 
 Aberdeen. Compiler of " The Scottish Psalm- 
 ist, a manual of standard and choice psalm 
 and hymn tunes for christian worship," 
 Aberdeen, 1876. 
 
 Mclntyre, Duncan, musician and danc- 
 ing master, born about 1765. He was a 
 teacher of dancing in London in latter part- 
 of last century. He died at London or 
 Calcutta about 1806-7. Compiled a "Collec- 
 tion of slow airs. Reels, and Strathspeys, etc.,"' 
 London, 1795. He lived at 22, Great Marl- 
 borough Street, London, as a teacher of Scotch 
 dancing. According to Mr. John Glen this 
 Mclntyre went to India, probably as master 
 of ceremonies to the Governor-General's court 
 at Calcutta. 
 
 Macintyre, Margaret, soprano vocalist, 
 of Scottish descent, born in India. Daughter 
 of General John ]\Iackenzie Macintyre, R.A. 
 Studied as an amateur at the Brighton branch 
 of the London Academy of Music, and occa- 
 sionally sang at the Academy concerts, notably 
 when Liszt attended the performance of his 
 oratorio, "St. Elizabeth," by the students, at 
 St. James's Hall, April 7, 1886. She studied 
 under Manuel Garcia, and Madame Delia 
 Valle, and declamation with Miss Carlotta 
 Leclercq. She made her debut at Covent 
 Garden, May 14, 1888, as Micacla in "Carmen," 
 and has since sung in a variety of parts there- 
 She appeared with success at Milan, 1893 ; 
 
BFvITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 263 
 
 MACIRONE. 
 
 •toured in South Africa ; and was engaged for 
 the grand opera, St. Petersburg, 1896-7. 
 Her first important concert appearance was 
 at Edinburgh, December, 1888, since when 
 she has been lieard at all the chief concerts. 
 She sang at the Leeds Festival, 1889 ; Bir- 
 mingham, 1891, in "Elijah"; at the Handel 
 Festival, 1801, etc., and is recognised as an 
 artist of high attainments. 
 
 Macirone, Clara Angela, composer, 
 pianist, and teacher, born in London, in 1821. 
 Descended from an ancient and noble Roman 
 family. Her grandfather, who settled in 
 England, served in the American war of 
 Independence. Her father was a skilled 
 amateur tenor singer, and her mother a 
 cultivated pianist, pupil of Charles Neate. 
 Her musical talent developed early with such 
 home surroundings, and her sister (who died 
 in 1888) became a water-colour painter of note. 
 Miss Macirone entered the R.A.M. in 1839, 
 studying under Cipriani Potter, W. H. Holmes, 
 Charles Lucas, and others. On leaving, in 
 1842, she received a testimonial from the 
 committee, a circumstance quite unique. 
 She was made a professor of the pf. there, 
 and elected an Associate of the Philharmonic 
 Society, and F. R.A.M. Her first concert was 
 given in the Hanover Square Rooms, June 26, 
 1846, when Pischek sang a Benedictus of 
 her composition. This work, later, received 
 praise from IMendelssohn. The concerts were 
 continued until 1864, and then her chief work 
 was in teaching and composing. She was 
 head music mistress at Aske's School for 
 Girls, Hatcham, 1872-8 ; and at the Church 
 of England High School for Girls, Baker 
 Street, London, she systematised the music 
 teaching with the best results. The last few 
 years have been passed in comparative retire- 
 ment. In addition to composition, she has 
 contributed many articles to the Girls Own 
 Paper, the Argosy, and other periodicals. 
 
 Works. — Te Deum and Jubilate, sung at 
 Hanover Chapel, the first service by a woman 
 ever used in the Church ; Anthem, By the 
 waters of Babylon, sung at Canterbury, Ely, 
 and other cathedrals, etc. Sacred songs, and 
 duets. Songs : Cavalier's song ; Henri de 
 Lagardere ; My child ; Golden grain ; Dreams ; 
 The Recall ; Hesperus ; Oh, hush thee my 
 babie ; Sweet and Low ; The Balaclava charge ; 
 There is dew for the fiow'ret ; Montrose's 
 Love Song, and many others. Part-songs : 
 The Battle of the Baltic ; Sir Knight (sung at 
 the composer's concert by four artists of 
 repute. May 20, 1862) ; Autolycus' song ; Jog 
 on, jog on the footpath way ; The Avon to 
 the Severn runs ; Old Daddy Longlegs (in the 
 programme of the Tonic Sol-fa Festival, 
 Exeter Hall, IMay 15, 1882, but the words 
 were objected to by the authorities of the 
 Hall, and another piece had to be substituted); 
 
 MACKENZIE. 
 
 Humptie Dumptie ; Echoes ; When summer's 
 come at last ; A Christmas welcome ; etc. 
 Children's songs : I had a little castle ; Little 
 Boy Blue ; Little grey pussy cat. Suite de 
 pieces in E minor, violin and pf. ; Summer 
 serenade ; Cantilena ; Nacht Reise Lied ; 
 Rondino in G, and other pieces for pf. 
 Several works in jMS. 
 
 Mackay, Alexander, violinist and mu- 
 sician, was a native of Islay. He issued a 
 " Collection of Reels, Strathspeys, and slow 
 tunes," Gilasgow, n.d. [1805]. 
 
 Mackay, Angus, Scottish collector, and 
 piper, born about 1813. He was piper to 
 Queen Victoria. Accidentally drowned in the 
 river Nith, near Dumfries, March 21, 1859. 
 Compiler of "A Collection of Ancient Pio- 
 baireachd, or Highland Pipe Music ... To 
 which are prefixed some sketches of the 
 principal hereditary pipers and their estab- 
 lishments," Edinburgh, 1838; "The Piper's 
 Assistant, a collection of marches, quicksteps, 
 strathspeys, reels and jigs . ." Edinburgh, n.d. 
 
 McKay, Iver, tenor vocalist, born in 
 Dublin. At the age of six he was a chorister 
 at the Chapel Royal, Dublin Castle, and in 
 the chapel of Dublin University ; and also 
 sang tenor at St. Patrick's Cathedral. After 
 some years spent in commercial pursuits, he 
 went to Italy. Not gaining instruction suit- 
 able for an English career, he returned to 
 London, and placed himself under T. A. Wall- 
 worth, and W. Shakespeare, to whose training 
 he attributes much of his success. He has 
 been heard at the principal London and 
 provincial concerts ; sang at the Leeds Festi- 
 vals of 1886, and 1889 ; created the tenor 
 part in Dvorak's Requiem, at the Birmingham 
 Festival, 1891, etc. In opera he appeared as 
 Lenski, in Tschaikowsky's " Eugene Onegin," 
 at the New Olympic, October, 1892. He has 
 toured with Mr. Sims Reeves (1884), and has 
 gained an honourable position among singers 
 of the day. 
 
 Mackay, William, musician, published 
 " The complete Tutor for the great Highland 
 bagpipe," Edinbugli, 1840. 
 
 Mackenzie, John, Scottish musician, 
 born at Durham, in 1797. Son of a member 
 of the Forfarshire militia band. He was a 
 violinist and teacher in Aberdeen, and leader 
 in the Theatre Royal there. At the request 
 of James Dewar he removed to Edinburgh 
 in 1831. He died at Edinburgh, October 28, 
 1852. 
 
 His son, Alexander Mackenzie, was a 
 violinist and composer, born at Montrose, in 
 1819. In 1831 he accompanied his father to 
 Edinburgh, and became a violinist in the 
 Theatre Royal, i;nder Dewar. He afterwards 
 studied under Sainton, at London, and at 
 Dresden, under Lipinski. He was leader of 
 the orchestra of the Theatre Royal, Edin- 
 
264 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 MACKENZIE. 
 
 burgh, under the successive management of 
 Murray, Glover and Wyndham. He died at 
 Edinburgh, October 2, 1857. He edited 
 "National Dance Music of Scotland," Edin- 
 burgh, n.d. ; new editioia, with additions, by 
 A. C. Mackenzie, London, 1889, 3 books. 
 " Six Scotch Airs for Violin." " One hundred 
 Scotch Airs for Violin." Songs : Grey hill 
 plaid ; Nameless lassie ; Linton Lowrie, etc. 
 
 Mackenzie, Sir Alexander Campbell, 
 Kt., son of Alexander ^Mackenzie, composer, 
 violinist, and conductor, born at Edinburgh, 
 August 22, 1847. Studied under his father, 
 and at the age of ten was sent to Germany, 
 where he studied at Schwarzburg-Sonders- 
 hausen, under W. Uhlrich, violin, and Eduard 
 Stein, composition. In 1861 he was a member 
 of the Ducal orchestra. The next year he 
 went to London, and entered the R.A.M., 
 gaining the King's Scholarship that year, 
 1862. He studied under Sainton, Jewson, 
 and Charles Lucas. In 1865 he returned to 
 Edinburgh, and was engaged in tuition and 
 composition. He was a j^rofessor at Queen 
 Street Ladies' College ; Choirmaster at St. 
 George's Church ; and conductor of the Scot- 
 tish Vocal Association. Also member of the 
 Festival orchestra, Birmingham, 1867-73 ; 
 Concert-giver in Edinburgh, and Quartet- 
 player. About this time his compositions 
 began to attract attention, and in order to 
 devote himself to this work, he went to live 
 at Florence in 1879. He visited England 
 occasionally to conduct coinpositions at the 
 Worcester Festival, 1881 ; Bristol Festival, 
 1882, etc. Returned to London in 1885, as 
 conductor of the Novello Oratorio Concerts ; 
 left London again in 1887, but after the 
 death of Sir G. A. IMacfarren that year, he 
 became a candidate for the post of Principal 
 of the R.A.M., and was elected, February 22, 
 1888. In 1892, he was elected conductor of 
 the Philharmonic Society, the first concert 
 under his direction taking place, March 9, 
 1898. He has conducted concerts at the 
 Crystal Palace (October 20, 1894) ; Manchester 
 (Hallo concert, December 5, 1895) ; Royal 
 Choral Society (February 19, 1896), etc, ; and 
 has given addresses on music in INIanchester 
 and other places ; lectured at the Royal In- 
 stitution, 1893, and 1895, etc.; and taken an 
 active interest in the proceedings of the 
 Incorporated Societ}^ of Musicians. He was 
 elected Hon. Vice-President of the Edinburgh 
 Choral Union, 1884 ; Glasgow Choral Union, 
 1888; received the Gold Medal for Art and 
 Science, from the Grand Duke of Hesse, 1884 ; 
 elected Corresponding IMember, Istituto Reale 
 diFirenze [1888] ; received the honorary degree 
 of Mus. Doc, St. Andrews, 1886; Cambridge, 
 1888; and Edinburgh, 1896; and in 1895, the 
 honour of Knighthood from the Queen. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas and Oratorios: The 
 
 MACKENZIE. 
 
 Bride, Worcester Festival, 1881 ; Jason, Bris- 
 tol, 1882 ; The Rose of Sharon, Norwich, 
 
 1884 ; The Story of Sayid, Leeds, 1886 ; 
 Jubilee Ode, Crystal Palace, June 22, 1887 ; 
 The New Covenant, Glasgow, 1888; The 
 Dream of Jubal, composed for Jubilee of 
 Liverpool Philharmonic Society, performed, 
 February 5, 1889 ; The Cottar's Saturday 
 Night, iEdinburgh, December, 1892; Veni, 
 Creator Spiritus, Birmingham Festival, 1891 ; 
 Bethlehem, composed, 1892, produced. Royal 
 Albert Hall, April 12, 1894. Operas: Col- 
 omba, jpi'oduced, Drury Lane (Carl Rosa). 
 April 9, 1883 ; The Troubadour, Drury Lane, 
 June 8, 1886 ; His ]\Iajesty, comic opera, 
 Savoy, February 20, 1897. Incidental music 
 to Ravenswood, Lyceum, 1890 ; Marmion, 
 1891 ; Choral odes for female voices for The 
 Bride of Love (Buchanan), Adelphi, 1890. 
 Orchestral : Scherzo, Glasgow, 1878 ; Scottish 
 Rhapsodies, No. 1, op. 21 ; No. 2, op. 24 
 (Burns) ; La Belle Dame sans Merci, Phil- 
 harmonic Society, 1883. Overtures : Cer- 
 vantes ; To a Comedy ; Tempo di Ballo ; 
 Twelfth Night, composed in Italy, 1887-88, 
 produced, Richter concerts, June 4, 1888 ; 
 Britannia, Queen's Hall, May 17, 1894. Con- 
 certo, op. 32, Birmingham Festival (Sarasate), 
 
 1885 ; Pibroch, Leeds (Sarasate), 1886, both 
 for violin and orchestra. Scottish Concerto, 
 pf. and orchestra. Quartet in E flat, op. 11, 
 pf. and strings; Six pieces for violin, op. 37 ; 
 Highland ballad, violin, op. 47; Larghetto 
 and allegro, pf. and 'cello, op. 10 ; From the 
 North, 9 violin pieces. Rustic scenes, op. 9 ; 
 Five pieces, op. 13 ; Six pieces, op. 20, and 
 other comjjositions for pf. Three short pieces, 
 organ. Seven anthems. Song of Love and 
 Death (Tennyson), op. 7 ; Two songs, op. 12 ; 
 Three songs (Christina Rossetti), op. 17; 
 Eighteen songs, op. 31 ; Spring songs (7) ; 
 Three Shakespeare sonnets, etc. The Empire 
 Flag, solo and chorus ; part-songs, various. 
 Vocal Melodies of Scotland, arranged for pf. 
 
 Mackenzie, Marian, contralto vocalist, 
 born at Plymouth. Studied there under 
 Samuel Weekes, and later at R. A.M. under A. 
 Randegger. Westmoreland, and Parepa-Rosa 
 Scholar; A.R.A.M.; Associate of the Philhar- 
 monic Society. She made her debut at the 
 London Ballad Concerts; sang at the Crystal 
 Palace; Monday and Saturday Popular Con- 
 certs ; and in the provinces. Her first Festival 
 engagement was at Norwich, in 1890; then 
 followed appearances at Leeds, 1892 ; Birming- 
 ham, 1894, etc. She also sang at the Handel 
 Festivals, 1891-94. For a short time she sang 
 in comic opera, making her first ajipearance 
 on the stage at the Grand Theatre, Birming- 
 ham, Oct. 10, 1887. In 1885, she was married 
 to Mr. Richard Smith Williams, a brother of 
 Miss Anna Williams, the soprano vocalist. In 
 1896 she made a successful tour in Australia, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 265 
 
 MACKENZIE. 
 
 singing at festivals at Sydney, Melbourne, 
 Adelaide, etc. 
 
 Mackenzie, Sir Morell, surgeon and 
 musician, born at Leytonstone, Essex, July 
 7, 1837 ; died at Loudon, February 3, 1892. 
 Author of " Treatment of hoarseness and 
 loss of voice," London, 1863; new edits., 1868, 
 1871. " Use of the Laryngoscope in diseases 
 of the throat," London, 1865, also 1871. 
 "Hygiene of the vocal organs; a practical 
 handbook for singers and speakers," London, 
 1886; 5;h edit., 1888. "Fatal iUness of 
 Frederick the Noble," London, 1888. 
 
 M'Kercher, Duncan, violinist and com- 
 poser, born at luver, Dunkeld, N.B., in 1796. 
 He resided chiefly in Edinburgh, and died at 
 Colinton, near that city, on December 14, 
 1873. He composed a number of strathspeys, 
 most of which were published in two collec- 
 tions of dance music which were issued about 
 1830. ]Many of the dances in these collec- 
 tions were by Captain Daniel IMenzies. 
 
 Mac Kerrell, John, musician and writer, 
 author of " Familiar Introduction to the 
 first principles of music" . . . Op. 2., Ijondon, 
 [1800] ; Songs and other ;jompositions. 
 
 Mackeson, Rev. Charles, clergyman, 
 editor, and literary musician, born jNlay 15, 
 1842. Compiler of " Guide to the Churches 
 of London and its Suburbs," published an- 
 nually for some time. Editor of The Choir, 
 new series, 1879-80 ; and of the Churchvian's 
 Shilling Magazine. Contributor to Grove's 
 Dictionary of IMusic and Musicians. Author 
 of biographical notices of living musicians, 
 published in The Choir, 1879-80. Lecturer 
 on Church music ; Hymn writers ; Christmas 
 carols, etc. Ordained by Bishop of London, 
 1885. Curate of Church of the Good Shep- 
 herd, Hampstead, 1885-89; Minister, 1889-94. 
 
 MacKewan, Joseph, musician, compiled 
 " Select Psalm Tunes, metrical hymns, chor- 
 ales, chants, etc.,' London [1857]. Composer 
 of Songs, scenas, duets and other vocal music. 
 
 Mackinlay, Thomas, music publisher, 
 compiled " A Catalogue of Original Letters 
 and Manuscripts in the Autograph of Dis- 
 tinguished Musicians, Composers, Perfor- 
 mers, and Vocalists," London, 1846. 
 
 Mackintosh James, author of " The 
 Musicmaster for Schools and Families," Lon- 
 don, 1862. 
 
 Mackintosh, John, Scottish bassoon 
 player, born in 1767. He played in the prin- 
 cipal orchestras between 1821-1885. He died 
 at London, March 23, 1844. Famous as one 
 of the finest performers of his day, and 
 celebrated all over Europe for the excellent 
 tone and style of his playing. 
 
 Another Mackintosh, George, issued a 
 " New and improved Bassoon Tutor, etc.," 
 London [1840]. 
 
 Mackintosh, Robert, Scottish composer 
 
 McLACHLAN. 
 
 and violinist, was born about the middle of 
 the 18th century [Tullymet, 1745]. He 
 resided in Edinburgh as a teacher and per- 
 former till about 1803, when he rexnoved to 
 London. Teacher in London at Little Vine 
 Street, Piccadilly. He died at London, Feb- 
 ruary, 1807. 
 
 Works. — Op. 1. Airs, Minuets, Gavotts, 
 and Reels, mostly for two Violins, and a bass 
 for the Violoncello or Harpsichord, 1783 ! 
 op. 2. Sixty-eight new Reels, Strathspeys, 
 and Quick Steps ; also some slow pieces, with 
 variations for the Violin or Pianoforte, with 
 a Bass for the Violoncello or Harpsichord, 
 1792 ; 2nd Book, 1798 ; 8rd Book, 1793 ; 4th 
 Book of Reels, n.d. 
 
 This composer was well known in his time 
 as Red Rob Mackintosh. He was a good 
 performer, and wrote music for the song 
 " A cogie of ale and a pickle ait-meal." 
 
 His son, Abraham (born, Edinburgh, June 
 15, 1769; died, Newcastle, about 1807), was 
 also a violinist, and issued a collection of 
 dance music, entitled, " Thirty new Strathspey 
 reels, etc., with a bass for the violoncello or 
 harpsichord," Edinburgh, 1792. A Collection 
 of Strathspeys, Reels, jigs, etc. .for the harp, 
 pianoforte, violin, and violoncello, Newcastle 
 [1805], 2 Nos. 
 
 McKorkell, Charles, organist and com- 
 poser, was born in 1809. He studied at the 
 R. A.M., London, and for 40 years was organist 
 of All Saints', Northampton. He died at 
 Northampton, January 10, 1879. Compiler 
 of "The Sacred Music Book, a selection of 100 
 standard tunes with chants," n.d. ; and 
 composer of anthems, and of many pieces of 
 minor importance for the pf. 
 
 McLachlan, Jessie Niven, Mrs. Robert 
 Buchanan, soprano singer, born at Oban, 
 June 18, 1866. Celebrated as a singer of 
 Highland songs in the original Gaelic. In 
 1892 she sang before the Queen at Balmoral, 
 and she has frequently appeared at concerts 
 in Glasgow, London, and other parts of the 
 country. Her husband, Robert Buchanan, 
 was born at Glasgow in December, 1858, and 
 has held various posts as church organist and 
 pianist. 
 
 M'Lachlan, John, musician, who was a 
 teacher in Glasgow, and precentor of the 
 North West Church from 1774. He died in 
 Glasgow in 1791. Compiler of "The Precen- 
 tor, or an easy introduction to church music, 
 with a choice collection of psalm tunes," 
 Glasgow, 1776 (with Finlay) ; The Precentor, 
 or an easy introduction to church music, 
 Glasgow, 1779 ; another edition, Glasgow, 
 1782. 
 
 McLnchlan, John, musician and piper, 
 compiler of " The Piper's Assistant : a new 
 collection of marches, quicksteps, strath- 
 speys, reels and jigs. Edited by John 
 
266 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 McLaren. 
 
 McLachlan, late piper to Neill Malcolm, 
 Esq., of Poltalloch," Edinburgli, n.d. 
 
 McLaren, Daniel, violinist and composer, 
 who was born in Perthshire in the latter part 
 of last century. He resided in Edinburgh 
 as a teacher and performer, and probably 
 died there about 1820. He published " A 
 collection of strathspey reels, etc., with a 
 bass for violoncello or harpsichord," Edin- 
 burgh [1794] . 
 
 Maclean, or Macklean, Charles, Scot- 
 tish musician, who flourished in latter part 
 of last century. He published '• Twelve solos 
 or sonatas for a violin, op. 1," Edinburgh, 
 1737 ; and a " Selection of favourite Scots 
 Tunes, with variations for the violin. . . ." 
 Edinburgh [1770]. 
 
 Maclean, Charles Donald, organist and 
 composer, born at Cambridge, March 27, 
 1843. Studied under Ferd. Hiller at Cologne. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxon., 18G2 ; Mus. 
 Doc, 1865; M.A., Oxon., 1875. Organist of 
 Exeter College, Oxford, 1862, and 1872-5, 
 music director at Eton College. From this 
 time he spent many years in India, and is 
 now resident in London. 
 
 Works. — Noah, dramatic oratorio ; Re- 
 quiem Mass ; Sulmala, cantata from the 
 Gaelic. Orchestral: Symphony in G; Cyn- 
 thia's Revels, concert overture ; Concert 
 overture in C ; Ballet, without dance ; Trio 
 in B, pf. and strings; Music for pf., songs, etc. 
 
 Maclean, Alick, composer, son of pre- 
 ceding, born at Eton, July 20, 1872. His 
 works include an opera in three acts, " Quen- 
 tin Durward," and " Petruccio " (libretto by 
 bis sister), ojaera in one act, which won the 
 Moody-Manners prize of £100, and was pro- 
 duced at Covent Garden, June 29, 1895. He 
 has also written some songs. 
 
 Maclean, William, minor poet and 
 amateur musician, born at Glasgow, jNIarch 
 22, 1805. Educated at Glasgow University. 
 He was a manufacturer and merchant in 
 Glasgow ; J.P. for Counties of Renfrew and 
 Lanark, etc. He died at Glasgow, November 
 28, 1892. Published " Maclean's Sacred 
 Music, arranged for four voices, with organ or 
 pf. accompaniment," London, 2 parts, 1854-5. 
 Also composer of a large volume of " Sacred 
 Melodies " in manuscript, now deposited in 
 the Mitchell Library, Glasgow. 
 
 Maclennan, William, piper and dancer, 
 was born in Scotland in the first part of the 
 present century. He was regarded as one of 
 the best performers of Highland bagpipe 
 music, and was four times commanded to 
 pipe and dance before the Queen. He died 
 at Montreal, Canada, in October, 1892, while 
 on a tour with a company in America. 
 
 Macleod, Captain Neil, Scottish collec- 
 tor, published a "Collection of Piobaireachd 
 or Pipe Tunes, as verbally taught by the 
 
 McMURDIE. 
 
 M'Crummin Pipers in the Isle of Skye, ta 
 their Apprentices," Edinburgh, 1828. A re- 
 print of this scarce work was issued by 
 Messrs. J. & R. Glen, of Edinburgh. It 
 is distinguished by the use of an extra- 
 ordinary notation, consisting of syllables, 
 wliich has not yet been deciphered. 
 
 Macleod, Peter, amateur composer, son 
 of James Macleod of Polbeth, West Calder, 
 Midlothian, was born on May 8, 1797. Well 
 known in Edinburgh musical and other 
 circles during his lifetime. He associated 
 with the leading men of the time, and was 
 an early friend of R. A. Smith, the composer. 
 With the profits of the work named second 
 below he completed the Burns Monument at 
 Edinburgh by enclosing it within an iron 
 rail. He was a Justice of the Peace for 
 Midlotliiau, and succeeded to the jDroperty of 
 Polbeth. He died at Buunington, near Edin- 
 burgli, February 10, 1859, and is buried at 
 Rosebank Cemetery there. 
 
 Works. — Original melodies, consisting of 
 songs, duets, and glees, the symphonies 
 and accompaniments by Mr. Mather, the 
 poetry written expressly for this work, Edin- 
 burgh [1828] ; Original Scottish melodies, 
 Edinburgh, n.d., dedicated to the Duchess of 
 Buccleuch ; Original national melodies of 
 Scotland, Loudon and Edinburgli [1838], 
 dedicated to Queen Victoria ; New national 
 songs, the melodies never before published, 
 Edinburgh, n.d. Among ]\Iacleod's best- 
 known songs may be named Scotland yet ; 
 My bonnie wife ; Oh, why left I my hame ; 
 Our's is the land o' gallant hearts ; Dowie 
 dens o' Yarrow ; Yellow locks o' Charlie j 
 Land o' cakes ; Emigrant's complaint ; My 
 Highland vale ; I had a hame ; More dear 
 art thou to me ; I have loved thee only ; 
 Flora's lament ; and many others, chiefly 
 to verses of good poets. 
 
 Macmeeken, J. W., clergyman and 
 amateur musician, was minister of Lesmaha- 
 gow, in Lanarkshire. Author of a " History 
 of the Scottish Metrical Psalms, with an 
 account of the paraphrases and hymns, and 
 of the music of the old psalter. Illustrated 
 with twelve plates of MS. music of 1506," 
 Glasgow, 1872, privately printed. 
 
 McMurdie, Joseph, composer and wri- 
 ter, was born at London in 1792. He studied 
 music under Dr. Crotch. Mus. Bac, Oxon.,. 
 1814. Director of Philharmonic Society. He 
 died at Merton, Surrey, December 23, 1878. 
 
 Works. — Glees. Canons, etc., London, 1828, 
 1836, 1840, etc ; Trios for Female Voices, 
 1859; Glees, etc, London [1824]; Arrange- 
 ments for pf. ; Sacred Music, a collection of 
 tunes adapted to the new version of Psalms, 
 as sung at the Philanthropic Society's Chapel, 
 London, 1827 ; The Elements of IMusic, with 
 the Art of Playing from a Figured Bass, and 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 267 
 
 M'NABB, 
 
 an introduction to Composition, London 
 [1845] ; A Juvenile Preceptor for the Piano- 
 forte, London, 1828 ; A Collection of Psalm 
 and Hymn Tunes, London [1853] ; De Pro- 
 fundis Clamavi, motet ; Ode to Spring, glee. 
 Handbook for Vocal Classes, Part-songs, etc., 
 London [1859]. 
 
 M'Nabb, Hugh, writer and conductor, 
 born in Ayrshire about 1842. He is conductor 
 of the Ayr Choral Union, and of a vocal 
 association in connection with the 1st Lanark- 
 shire Rifle Volunteers. From 1867 he has 
 been choirmaster of the United Presbyterian 
 Church, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow. Author 
 of " Morley's New Singing Tutor," London, 
 1883, etc. 
 
 McNaught, William Gray, teacher, 
 conductor, and editor, born of Scottish 
 parentage, at Stepney, London, IMarch 30, 
 1849. Began his musical studies with the 
 Tonic Sol-fa method, and continued them 
 after he had entered a merchant's office. Was 
 awarded the Society of Arts' prize for coinpo- 
 sition, 1871, and, giving up biisiness, entered 
 the R.A.M. that year. Associate, 1878 ; 
 Fellow, 1895; Mus. Doc, Cantuar, 1896. 
 In 1872, at the National Music Meetings, 
 Cr3'stal Palace, the Ashcroft-Evans Choir, 
 under his direction, won the prize of £100 in 
 Class II. This choir, in 1874, was transferred 
 to Bow, and formed the nucleus of the excell- 
 ent choir of the Institute, conducted by him 
 ever since. He was appointed Assistant 
 Inspector of Music for the Educational 
 Department in 1888, and Examiner in ]\Iusic 
 to the Society of Arts in 1893. Author of 
 " Hints on choir training for competitions," 
 Novello, 1896 ; Editor of The School Music 
 Review from its commencement, in 1892 ; 
 of Novello's School Songs ; and translator of 
 a number of works into the Tonic Sol-fa 
 Notation. Adjudicator at school singing 
 competitions, lecturer, etc. 
 
 Macphee, Donald, author and bagjpipe 
 maker, born at Coatbridge in 1841, died near 
 Glasgow, December 9, 1880. He worked in 
 Glasgow at his trade. Author of A Selection 
 of Music for the Highland Bagpipe, with a 
 complete tutor, Glasgow, 1876. Marches, 
 quicksteps, reels, and strathspeys, and collec- 
 tions of Pibrochs, 1879, for the bagpipes, etc. 
 
 Macpherson, Charles, organist and com- 
 poser, born in Edinburgh. In 1879 he entered 
 the choir school of St. Paul's Cathedral, and 
 was a chorister for aboiit eight years, under 
 Dr. G. C. Martin. Sometime choirmaster, 
 St. Clement's, Eastcheap. Private organist 
 to Sir Robert Menzies, Weem, Perthshire, 
 1887 ; at Madame de Falba's chapel, Luton 
 Hoo Park, Beds., 1889. Entered R.A.M., 
 1890; Won the Charles Lucas Prize, 1892; 
 A.R.A.M., 1896. In 1895 he was appointed 
 assistant organist at St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 
 McSWINEY. 
 
 Works. — Ps. 137, chorus and orchestra,, 
 R.A.M., 1895; Three Gaelic melodies, with 
 accompaniment for strings and harp ; Glee 
 for 5 voices, There sits a bird (awarded the 
 prize of 10 guineas offered by the Bristol 
 Orpheus Glee Society, for the best composition 
 by a student of R.A.M., 1893). Overture, 
 Cridhe an Ghaidhil (The Heart of the Gael), 
 Crystal Palace, March 2, 1895; Highland 
 Suite in A, orchestra ; Sextet, for wind in- 
 struments, etc. 
 
 Macpherson, Charles Stewart, com- 
 poser and conductor, of Scotch descent, born 
 at Liverpool, March 29, 1865. Educated at 
 the City of London School. In 1880 he won 
 the Sterndale Bennett Scholarship, and 
 entered the R.A.M. Studied pianoforte under 
 W. Macfarren, and composition with Sir G. 
 A. Macfarren. Balfe Scholar, 1882-3 ; Lucas 
 Prize, 1884 ; Potter Exhibitioner, 1885. 
 While a student he wrote a large number of 
 works, orchestral and chamber music, etc. 
 Elected an Associate, 1887 ; Fellow, 1892. 
 In 1889 he was appointed a professor of har- 
 mony and composition at the Academy. He 
 became organist and choirmaster of Inunanuel 
 Church, Streatham Common, 1885 ; was 
 appointed conductor of the Westminster 
 Orchestral Society the same year ; and in 
 1886, founded the Streatham Choral Society. 
 Has given Chamber concerts, and pianoforte 
 recitals, and contributed occasionally to the 
 musical press. 
 
 WoEKS. — Orchestral : Symphony in C, 1888 ;. 
 Overture, The Student of Salamanca, 1887 ; 
 Festal overture, 1891 ; Ballade, 1890 ; Not- 
 turno in E flat, 1892 ; all produced by the 
 Westminster Society. Idyl, A Summer day- 
 dream, orchestra. Crystal Palace, December 
 8, 1894. Concertsttick, pf. and orchestra, 
 1893 ; Romance in D, violin and orchestra, 
 1896, both at Westminster. Sonata in E flat, 
 pf. and violin ; Suite de Valses, pf. Church 
 music. Songs, duets, etc. Author of "Prac- 
 tical Harmony, a concise treatise, 1894 ; and 
 Appendix to the same. 
 
 Macpherson, D., author of "Catechism 
 of IMusic, adapted for learners on the Piano, 
 etc.," Edinburgh, n.d. 
 
 A D. Macpherson composed music for the 
 pf., some of which was issued at Liverpool 
 about 1820. 
 
 Macrory, Edmund, author of " A Few 
 Notes on the Temple Organ," London [1859], 
 anon. ; second edit., 1861 ; 3rd edit., 1875. 
 
 McSwiney, Paul, composer, born at 
 Cork, Ireland. In Cork, February 23, 1881, 
 was produced an opera, " Amergin," of which 
 he wrote the libretto and music. He then 
 went to the United States of America, and 
 became musical director of the New York 
 branch of The Society for the Preservation of 
 the Irish Language. He produced at Steinway 
 
268 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MADAN. 
 
 Hall, New York, December 28, 1884, a Gaelic 
 Idyll, " Au Bard 'gus au Fo" (The Bard and 
 the Knight), for solo voices, chorus and 
 orchestra, the book and music his own. Both 
 works were highly spoken of. 
 
 Madan, Rev. Martin, musician and 
 ■clergyman, born in 1726 ; died oir May 2, 
 1790. He founded the Lock Hospital, in 
 London, and acted as chaplain. He edited 
 " Psalms and hymns extracted from various 
 authors," 1760; "Lock Hospital Tunes" 
 [1769] ; and composed the well-known hymn- 
 time " Huddersfield." Author of " Thely- 
 phthora : a treatise on female ruin," 3 v., etc. 
 
 Mahaffy, Rev. John Pentland, Pro- 
 fessor of Ancient History, Trinity College, 
 Dublin, was born at Chapponnaire, near 
 Vevay, on the Lake of Geneva, February 26, 
 1839. Educated in Germany, and Trinity 
 College, Dublin. Received the degree of 
 D.D., 1886 ; and is Mus. Doc, honoris causa, 
 Trinity College, Dublin. He is an Examiner 
 in Music for Dublin University ; has ar- 
 ranged some Irish melodies ; and has con- 
 tributed articles referring to music to Cos- 
 niopnlis (September, 1896), and oiher papers. 
 
 Mahon, John, clarinet player, was born 
 in 1755. He played in Dublin and at the 
 Birmingham Festivals, 1802-11. Died at 
 Dublin in 18.34. 
 
 Mahon, Mary, see Second, Mary. 
 
 Mainwaring, Rev. John, clergyman 
 and author, born 1735 ; died at Cambridge, 
 April, 1807. He published anonymously, 
 " ]\Iemoirs of the Life of the late George 
 Frederick Handel, to which is added a cata- 
 logue of bis works and observations upon 
 them." London, 1760. 
 
 Mainwaring, Townshend, Welsh musi- 
 cian and author, born about 1809. He was 
 M.P. for the Denbigh boroughs from 1841 to 
 1847, and again from 1857 to 1868. He died at 
 Galltfaenan, near Denbigh, in December, 1883, 
 aged 74. Composer of Advent hymn, Emyn 
 ail ddyfodid Crist ; Dafydd and Myfanwry, 
 Hanes Cymraeg, London [1880] ; a Welsh 
 romance for treble voices ; Hymns, etc. 
 
 Maitland, John Alexander Fuller, 
 writer on music, born in London, April 7, 
 1856. Graduated at Trinity College, Cam- 
 bridge, B. A., 1879; M. A., 1882. Became F.S. A., 
 1886. Wrote for the Fall Mall Ga-ctte, 
 1882-4 ; for the Qiiardian, 1884-9 ; and, after 
 the death of Dr. Hueffer, in 1889, was 
 appointed musical critic of The Times. Con- 
 tributed articles to the Dictionary of Na- 
 tional Biography ; Grove's Dictionary of 
 Music and Musicians (and editor of the 
 Appendix to that work) ; the Nineteenth 
 Centurj' ; National Review, etc. Lectured 
 on The History of English Music, two series, 
 1887 ; and on Purcell, 1895. Has appeared 
 as a pianist at concerts of the Bach Clioir, 
 
 MAKER. 
 
 etc., and played the harpsichord at concerts 
 of ancient music. 
 
 Works. — Schumann ("Great Musicians" 
 series, Sampson Low, 1884) ; Life of J. S. 
 Bach (joint translator, with Clara Bell, of 
 Spitta's work, Novello, 3 vols., 1884); Carols 
 of the 15th century, edited from a roll in 
 Trinity College library, Cambridge, 1891; 
 English county songs (joint editor, with Miss 
 Lucy E. Broadwood), 1893 ; Citalogue of the 
 music in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, 
 
 1893 ; Masters of German Music (Osgood), 
 
 1894 ; Editor of Purcell's Twelve sonatas of 
 three parts (1683), and Ode on St. Cecilia's 
 Day (1692), for Purcell's Society, 1893-6; and 
 Fitzwilliam Virginal book (with W. Barclay 
 Squire, B.A., F.S. A.), in course of publica- 
 tion. 
 
 Maitland, William, musician, was born 
 about 1706. He was originally a shoemaker, 
 but was appointed precentor of the East 
 Church, Aberdeen, in 1821, and held the 
 appointment till 1827, when he emigrated 
 to Canada and became a Congregational 
 minister. Died in Canada, December, 1873. 
 Compiler of " The Aberdeen Psalmody, being 
 a collection of tunes in four parts, adapted 
 to the Psalms and Pharapluases of the 
 Church of Scotland. . ." Aberdeen, 1823. 
 Has view of St. Nicholas' Church. " Supple- 
 ment to the Aberdeen Psalmody, being a 
 collection of hymn tunes adapted to par- 
 ticular metres used in the Congregational 
 Chapels," Edinburgh, n.d. 
 
 Major, Joseph, musician of the first half 
 of the present century, issued " A collection 
 of psalm and hymn tunes," London [1825] ; 
 '• A collection of sacred music, consisting of 
 fifty-two psalm and hymn tunes for four 
 voices.." London [c. 1826]. He also com- 
 posed songs, etc. 
 
 Major, S. D., musician and author, com- 
 piled " Tunes and chants for home and 
 school," Bath, 1870 ; " Tunes for the family 
 and congregation," Bristol [1877] ; " Tunes 
 for supplement to new congregational tune 
 book" [1874]; " Notabilia of Bath," 1879, 
 and other works. 
 
 Makepeace, William, bass vocalist, born 
 about 1820. Chorister at St. Paul's Cathedral 
 under Hawes. Appointed lay-clerk, Rochester 
 Cathedral, in 1845. He was also choir school- 
 master and librarian. Many eminent mu- 
 sicians passed under him as pupils. He 
 resigned the office of schoolmaster about 1886, 
 and retired from the choir on a pension a few 
 months only before his death, which took 
 place at Rochester, September 11, 1896, in the 
 76th year of his age. He was an original 
 member of the Choir Benevolent Fund. 
 
 Maker, Frederick Charles, organist 
 and composer, born at Bristol. Chorister in 
 Bristol Cathedral, and pupil of Alfred Stone. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 269 
 
 MALCOLM. 
 
 Orgcaiiist of Milk Street Methodist Free 
 Church ; Clifton Downs Congregational 
 Church; and from 1882 of Redland Park 
 Congregational Church. Has composed a 
 cantata " Closes in the bullrushes" ; contrib- 
 uted tunes to the Bristol Tune Book ; Issued 
 a collection of original tunes ; Anthems, etc. 
 
 Malcolm, Alexander, musician and 
 author, born at Edinburgh in 1CB7. The 
 particulars of his life and date of his death 
 are unknown. Author of " A Treatise of 
 Music, Speculative, Practical, and Historical," 
 Edinburgh, 1721; also London, 1730. This 
 work, from its scientific basis, achieved much 
 success, and was reprinted in an abri 
 form by an "Eminent ]\Iusician," in 1776 
 
 Mallandaine, John E., composer and 
 pianist of present time. Composer of Countess 
 Bosa, opera (1865); The Two Orphans, opera 
 (1874) ; Love's Limit, comic opera (1875) ; 
 Ali Baba, comic opera ; Uncle Tom's Cabin, 
 songs and choruses (1879). Six songs, the 
 words by J. Ellison, Liverpool (1871). Dance 
 music and arrangements for pf. ; Sixigle songs, 
 etc. In 1881 IMallandaine went to the United 
 States. 
 
 Mallett, Louis Balfour, violinist and 
 composer, died in London, December 12, 1891, 
 at the early age of 24. He was an able execu- 
 tant, and showed much promise as a composer. 
 His works were not numerous, consisting of 
 a few pieces for the pianoforte, a Gavotte in 
 F for violin and pianoforte, and a set of seven 
 pieces for the same instruments. 
 
 Mann, Arthur Henry, organist, editor, 
 and composer, born at Norwich, ]\Iay 16, 1850. 
 Chorister at Norwich Cathedral under Dr. 
 Buck. F.C.O., 1871 ; Mus. Bac, 1874; Mus. 
 Doc, 1882, Oxford. Hon. R.A.M., 1896. 
 Organist successively at St. Peter's, Wolver- 
 hampton, 1870; Tettenhall Parish Church, 
 1871; Beverley Minster, 1875; and from 1876 
 organist and director of the choir. King's 
 College, Cambridge. He is known as a Han- 
 delian Scholar, and was the discoverer, with 
 E. Prout, of the original wind parts of 
 " Messiah," in 1894, at the Foundling Hos- 
 pital. A performance of the oratorio, with 
 the re-constructed score, was given in King's 
 College, Cambridge, June 1.3, 1894. He has 
 composed "Ecce Homo" for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra, 1882; an Evening Service in E, for 
 chorus, orchestra, and organ ; one in E for 
 double choir, unaccompanied ; a Te Deum, 
 for chorus, orchestra, and organ, 1887. An- 
 thems, organ pieces, part-songs, etc. Editor 
 (with J. A. F. Maitland) of the Catalogue of 
 Music in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge ; 
 of Tallis's INIotet for 40 voices, London, 
 Weekes, 1888; and Musical Editor of the 
 Church of England Hvmnal, Hodder and 
 Stoughton, 1895. 
 
 Mann, John A., Scottish violinist and 
 
 MAMSFIELD. 
 
 violin maker, born, Forfar, May 18, 1810. 
 Lived in Glasgow as an artist, machinist, and 
 violin maker. He died at Glasgow, April 30, 
 1889. 
 
 Mann, Richard, organist and composer, 
 was born in 1837. He was organist and 
 teacher at Chichester, where he died in 1869. 
 He wrote " A Manual of Singing for the use 
 of choir trainers and school masters," London, 
 1866, and composed anthems, etc. 
 
 Mann, Thomas Edward, hornist. When 
 a boy he was in the Duke of York's School, 
 Chelsea. He became one of the finest horn 
 players of his day, and was also a performer 
 on the cornet. For many years he was prin- 
 cipal in the leading orchestras, and up to 
 1896 was in the band of the Philharmonic 
 Society, the Three Choirs, and other provin- 
 cial Festivals, playing at the Worcester 
 Festival of September, 1896. He died at- 
 Kilburn, London, January 17, 1897. He was 
 professor of the horn at the Kneller Hall 
 Military School of Music ; at the R.A.M., 
 and R.C.M. 
 
 Manners, Charles, properly Southcote 
 Mansergh, bass vocalist, boi-n in London. 
 Fourth son of Colonel J. C. Mansergh, K.H.A., 
 and J. P. for Cork and Tipperary. He studied 
 at the Royal Irish Academy of Music, and 
 obtained the Albert Scholarship. Later he 
 went to the R.A.M., London, and afterwards 
 studied in Italy. In 1887, he joined the Carl 
 Rosa Opera Company, touring in the provinces 
 for two years. In 1890, he appeared at 
 Covent Garden, as Bertram, in "Robert le 
 Diable " ; and has sung there and at Drury 
 Lane since that time. He made his first 
 appearance in America at the Seidl orchestral 
 concerts. New York, Jaiuiary 8, 1898. Toured 
 in opera. Cape Town, with great success, 
 1896-7. He married, July 5, 1890, Miss 
 Fanny Moody (g.v.), with whom he has since 
 been associated in artistic enterprises, forming 
 a company for concerts and opera recitals. 
 In 1895 he offered a prize of £100 for an opera 
 in one act. See sub. ]Macle.\n. 
 
 Mansfeldt, Edgar, sec Pieeson, Henry 
 
 HUGO. 
 
 Mansfield, Orlando Augustus, organist 
 and composer, born at Horningsham, Wilts., 
 November 28, 1863. Son of the Rev. James 
 Pearse IMansfield. Studied music privately, 
 and in 1883 was appointed organist at the 
 Manvers Street Wesleyan Chapel, Trowbridge. 
 Thence he went in 1885 to Torquay, as organist 
 of Holy Trinity Church, an appointment he 
 resigned in 1895. F.R.C.O., 1885 ; Mus. Bac, 
 1887 ; Mus. Doc, 1890, Trinity College, Tor- 
 onto. Member of the Society of Authors. 
 Has given lectures on musical subjects, and 
 contributed a number of articles to the 
 Musical Standard, and other papers. His 
 compositions include a numlier of anthems, 
 
270 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MANSON. 
 
 one of which obtained the prize offered in 
 1896 by tlie Nonconformist Choir Union ; 
 hymn tunes, etc. Postlude in C ; Finale 
 Fugato, op. 23 (prize voluntary) ; Andante 
 piacevole ; and other organ pieces. Scherzino, 
 pf. ; Romance in B flat, op. 28, pf. and violin, 
 etc. Author of The Student's Harmony, 
 London, Weekes, 1896 ; The Student's Manual 
 of Pedal Scales and Arpeggi. 
 
 In 1886, he married Mile. Louise Chris- 
 tine JuTZ, of Geneva. She is a pianist, 
 medalist of tlie Geneva Conservatoire, and, 
 in conjunction witli her husband, has given 
 recitals of music for two pianos. 
 
 Manson, James, musician, and minor 
 poet, was born at Kilwinning, in Ayrshire, 
 about 1812. His father was a tailor, and for 
 some time James followed the same occu- 
 pation. He went to Glasgow and engaged in 
 literary pursuits, but became blind in 1858, 
 He died at Glasgow, September 3, 1863. He 
 ■edited the British Minstrel, 1842-44, and 
 issued a volume of poetry, and a collection 
 of music, in three volumes. 
 
 Marbeck, John, or Merbecke, writer, 
 composer, and organist, born in 1.523. Chor- 
 ister in St, George's Chapel, Windsor, 1531. 
 Embraced Protestant faith, and narrowly 
 escaped being burned for heresy, 1544. Taken 
 under the patronage of the Bishop of Win- 
 chester. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1550. He died 
 about 1585. 
 
 Works. — The Book of Common Praicr, 
 Noted, London, 1550. A Concordance, that 
 is to sale, a worke wherein by the ordre of the 
 letters of A, B, C, ye maye redelye finde any 
 worde contayned in the wliole, so often as it 
 is there expressed or mentioned, London, 
 1550 ; The Lyves of the Holy Sainctes, Pro- 
 phets, Patriarchs, and others, contained in 
 Holye Scripture, 1574 ; The Holie Historic of 
 King David, etc., 1579; Book of Notes and 
 Common Places, gathered out of divers 
 writers, 1581. 
 
 Marbeck re-set the English Church Service 
 almost in its entirety, and is said to have 
 influenced later composers in the style of 
 ecclesiastical composition. His setting con- 
 tinued in use during the many fluctuations 
 in musical taste, which have been witnessed 
 since his time, and is .still in use, though not 
 wholly. 
 
 March, Mrs., see Gabriel, Mary Ann 
 Virginia. 
 
 Marchant, Arthur William, organist 
 and composer, born in London, October 18, 
 1850. He was privately educated in music, 
 and took the diploma of F.C.O., 1878 ; and 
 graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1879. Organist 
 of St. John's, Mansfield, 1870; Streatham 
 Parish Church, 1876; St. Luke's, Kentish 
 Town, 1877. In 1880, he went to America 
 as organist and choirmaster of St. John's 
 
 MARKS. 
 
 Cathedral, Denver, Colorado. While there, 
 a fine organ was built from his specification, 
 and a large choir formed. He returned to 
 England in 1882, and was appointed to the 
 Parish Church, Sevenoaks ; in 1889, to All 
 Saints', Huntingdon ; and in 1895, to St. 
 John's P^piscopal Church, Dumfries, where 
 he is doing good work. He has composed 
 a setting of Ps. 48, for soli, chorus and 
 orchestra; a Morning Service; Evening Ser- 
 vice ; This is the Day ; Hail to the Lord ; I 
 will magnify Thee ; and other anthems. 
 Album of six songs ; Vocal trios and duets ; 
 vocal music for children ; part songs, etc. 
 Suite de pieces, violin and pf. ; four duets, 
 violin and pf. Six pieces in old dance form ; 
 six Songs without words ; and other pf. 
 pieces. Preludes and Fugues ; 18 original 
 pieces in different styles ; and organ pieces, 
 various. Author of Primer, 500 Fugue Sub- 
 jects and Answers, Ancient and Modern, 
 Novello's Primers ; Editor of Twelve Trios 
 for organ, by Albrechtsberger ; Pamphlet, 
 Voice Culture, reprinted from Dumpirs and 
 Galloway Standard, 1896. 
 
 Marchant, Charles Q., organist and 
 conductor, resident in Dublin. For a num- 
 ber of years he has been organist and choir- 
 master of St. Patrick's Cathedral ; conductor 
 of St. Patrick's Choral Society, and director 
 of Oratorio Services ; conductor of Dublin 
 Diocesan Choral Association ; and, since the 
 death of Sir R. P. Stewart, conductor of the 
 Dublin University Musical Society. He has 
 given many important oratorio and other 
 concerts ; and is Mus Bac, Trinity College, 
 Dublin. Another musician of the name, T. 
 Frederick Marchant, was for some time a 
 member of the St. Patrick's Cathedral Choir; 
 he is known as a bass vocalist of repute. 
 
 Marks, Godfrey. See Swift, J. F. 
 
 Marks, James Christopher, organist 
 and composer, born at Armagh, Ireland, ^lay 
 4, 1835. Chorister at Armagh Cathedral, 
 under Robert Turle, 1842-51 ; deputy organist, 
 1852. Pupil of F. Hart for violin. Ap- 
 pointed organist and choirmaster, St. Finn- 
 barre's Cathedral, Cork, in 1860, an office he 
 still holds. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1863 ; 
 Mus. Doc, 1868, Oxford. Conductor of Cork 
 Musical Society, and has given many high- 
 class concerts. He has composed an oratorio, 
 " Gideon "; an anthem, "If we believe," for 
 soli, chorus and orchestra ; and has published 
 songs and pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 His son, James Christopher Marks, bora 
 at Cork, July 29, 1863, is an organist and 
 composer. He was a chorister at Cork Cathe- 
 dral from 1871 ; and in 1883 was appointed 
 organist and choirmaster of St. Luke's 
 Church, Cork, where he remains. His com- 
 positions comprise anthems. The day is past 
 and over ; The souls of the righteous ; and 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 271 
 
 MARKS. 
 
 others ; Evening Services in B flat, A and D. 
 A number of songs, including ]My loved one, 
 sleep secure, which won the prize offered by 
 Methven & Co., Edinburgh, 1893; part-songs. 
 Blow, ye gentle breezes ; I'll think of thee, 
 €tc. Vocal duets ; pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Marks, Thomas Osborne, organist and 
 composer, step-brother of the preceding, born 
 at Armagh, February 6, 1845. Chorister at 
 age of six in Armagh Cathedral, and deputy 
 organist to Robert Turle when fifteen. Gradu- 
 ated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1870; Mus. Doc, 
 Dublin, 1874. In 1872, he was appointed 
 oi'ganist and choirmaster at the Cathedral in 
 succession to R. Turle, a position he retains 
 to the present time. He is conductor of the 
 Armagh Philharmonic Society. His compo- 
 sitions are : Ps. 95, for soli, chorus and 
 orchestra ; cantata, St. John Baptist (MS.) ; 
 church music, and songs, etc. 
 
 Marlow, Isaac, clergyman and author, 
 wrote the following tracts: — " Prelimited 
 forms of praising God vocally sung by all the 
 ohurch together, proved to be no Gospel 
 ordinance," London, 1691. " Truth solemnly 
 defended, in a reply to Benjamin Keach, 
 concerning Psalm- singing," 1692. "The 
 controversie of singing brought to an end," 
 etc., London, 1696. 
 
 Marriott, Annie Augusta, soprano 
 vocalist, born at Nottingham, May 26, 1859. 
 Studied under J. B. Welch at the National 
 Training School for Music, Kensington. In 
 1880 she sang at the Saturday Popular Con- 
 certs, January 17 ; in Haydn's " Creation," 
 Sacred Harmonic, April 16 ; Promenade 
 Concerts, Covent Garden, August 4, etc. She 
 was engaged for the Worcester Festival, 1881 ; 
 and Leeds, 1883. A proof of her good musiciaia- 
 ship was given at Birmingham, November 26, 
 1885, when at a moment's notice she sang 
 the soprano solos in "The Spectre's Bride," 
 without a rehearsal, and without having ever 
 heard the work. She sang at the Handel 
 Festival, 1885 ; and at Buckingham Palace, 
 before the Queen, in Stanford's "Jubilee 
 Ode," May 11, 1887. She married, July 20, 
 1882, Percy Palmer, a tenor vocalist. He 
 was born at Flaxton, Yorks, December 17, 
 1861. Studied under James Broughton, 
 Leeds ; and J. B. Welch on going to London. 
 He was just entering upon a career of pro- 
 mise, when he died August 10, 1893. 
 
 Marriott, Charles Handel Rand, com- 
 poser and violinist, born at Loiidon, Novem- 
 ber 3, 1831. He was a violinist, and acted as 
 musical director at Highbury Barn, London, 
 from 1860 tiU 1865. Afterwards he held the 
 same position at the Cremorne Gardens, and 
 at the Pier Pavilion, Hastings. He was 
 musical editor of the Young Ladies' Journal. 
 He died at Hastings, December 8, 1889. 
 
 Works. — Songs : England's trust ; Land 
 
 MARSH. 
 
 ahead ; Lily of the West ; Lost friends ; There 
 grew in the forest a mighty oak. Songs for 
 children. Numerous light pieces and arrange- 
 ments for the pianoforte. 
 
 Marriott, Frederick, alto vocalist, lay- 
 clerk in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, from 
 about 1845, and also for some time in the 
 choir of Eton College. He assisted at many 
 of the Royal functions during the Queen's 
 reign, and was the oldest lay-clerk in the 
 Chapel. He died at Windsor, March 19, 1895, 
 aged 82. 
 
 Marsden, George, organist, composer, 
 and conductor, born at Stalybridge, Cheshire, 
 April 11, 1843. Studied at the Conserva- 
 torium, Cologne, under Ferdinand Hiller, 
 and others. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1876; 
 Mus. Doc, 1882, Cambridge. He is resident 
 in ]\Ianchester as a teacher, and is organist at 
 St. Thomas', Werneth, near Oldham. He 
 holds an appointment now probably unique 
 in this country, that of conductor of a private 
 orchestra, giving weekly concerts in the 
 winter (sec S. R. Platts), and is Principal of 
 the Oldham School of Music. His composi- 
 tions comprise settings of Psalm 23, and 
 Psalm 46, for soli, chorits, and orchestra, and 
 other church music. Romance for oboe and 
 orchestra ; pieces for oboe and pf. Dorothy, 
 a rustic dance, and other pf. pieces ; Part- 
 songs, etc. 
 
 His brother, John Marsden, born May 31, 
 1835, died at Manchester, November, 1889, 
 was an able organist, and teacher of the pf. 
 His pupils came out first in all England at 
 the local examinations of Oxford, 1868, and 
 Cambridge, 1874. The brothers were early 
 and active workers for the Incorporated 
 Society of Musicians. 
 
 Marsh, Alec, baritone vocalist, bona at 
 Stratford, near Salisbury, Wilts. Studied 
 under Boyton Smith. Articled to a solicitor, 
 but deciding to become a singer, entered the 
 R.A.M. W^hile a student he sang in Randeg- 
 ger's " The Rival Beauties," at St. George's 
 Hall, May, 1885. Was Evill prizeholder, 
 1887. He made his festival debut at Norwich 
 in 1887, and sang in light opera the same 
 year. In 1890 he joined the Carl Rosa 
 Company, and has appeared in a round of 
 characters with success. He married Miss 
 Alice Esty, the American soprano, and has 
 appeared with her on the stage, and in the 
 concert room. These artists had a successful 
 tour in Australia. 
 
 Marsh, Alphonso, composer, born in 
 1627, died in April, 1681. He was a Gentle- 
 man of the Chapel Royal in 1661, and composed 
 songs and other vocal music in Playford's 
 Collections. 
 
 His son, Alphonso, born about 1648, was 
 also a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal in 
 1676. He died April 5, 1692, and is buried in 
 
272 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MARSH. 
 
 the west cloister of Westminster Abbey. 
 Composer of songs, which were published in 
 various collections. 
 
 Marsh, John, writer and composer, born 
 at Dorking, 1752. Articled to a solicitor at 
 Romsey, 1768. INIarried, 1774. Leader of 
 Subscription Concerts at Salisbury, 1780. 
 Resided at Chichester from 1787, and died 
 there in 1828. 
 
 Works. — Six Anthems, 1790; Favorite 
 Symphony in 13 parts, for a grand orchestra; 
 Overture, and 8 sonatinas for the pf. ; Over- 
 ture and six pieces for the organ [1791] ; 
 Quartette for 2 violins, tenor and bass. Two 
 sets of organ voluntaries. Glees, songs, etc. 
 A Short Introduction to the theory of har- 
 monics, or bhe philosophy of musical sounds, 
 Chichester, 1809. Rudiments of Thorough- 
 bass, London, 1805. Hints to Young Com- 
 posers of instrumental music, London [1800]. 
 Collection of the most popular and approved 
 Psalm Tunes, with a few Hynins and easy 
 Anthems, the whole in 3 parts, .principally 
 for the use of country choirs, to which is 
 added a selection of 20 favourite tunes set for 
 barrel organs, n.d. Cathedral Chant Book, 
 London [1800]. 
 
 Marsh, J., musician of present time, 
 published "Introduction and progressive 
 lessons for the Tenor," London [1881]. 
 
 Marsh, Narcissus, amateur musiciaii 
 and archbishop, was born in Wiltshire in 1638. 
 In 1703 he was consecrated Archbishop of 
 Armagh. He died at Dublin in 1713. Now 
 best remembered as founder of Marsh's 
 Library, St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, 1707. 
 He wrote an " Essay touching the sympathy 
 between lute or viol strings," 1677, published 
 in Plot's Natural History of Oxfordshire, 
 and an Introductory essay to chc doctrine of 
 sounds, 1683, etc. 
 
 Marshall, Frederick, composer, and 
 teacher of music, born at Northampton about 
 1790. He was successively organist at Rugby 
 School ; Christ Church, Leamington ; and 
 Parish Church of Banbury, Oxford. He died 
 near Olney, Bucks., Jiily, 1857. He composed 
 hymn tunes, etc. 
 
 Marshall, Julian, amateur musician, and 
 collector, l)orn at Headingly, Leeds, June 24, 
 1830. Author of the "Annals of Tennis." 
 Contributor to the Musical Times, and other 
 periodicals; and writer of a number of articles 
 in Grove's Dictionary of Music and ]\Iusicians. 
 He was a member of the committee of the first 
 Leeds Festival, 1858. His large and valuable 
 musical library was dispersed by auction, July, 
 1884. His wife, born Florence A. Thomas, 
 born at Rome, March 30, 1843, is a composer 
 and writer on music. She studied at the 
 R.A.M. Conducts the concerts of the South 
 Hampstead orchestra, and is the composer of 
 a fairy operetta, "Prince Sprite"; a Nocturne 
 
 MARSHALL. 
 
 for clarinet and orchestra. Has contribuLed 
 articles to Grove, and to various periodicals. 
 Author of "Handel," Great Musicians' Series, 
 London, Sampson Low, 1883 ; Solfeggi, Nov- 
 ello's Primers, 1885 ; Interval Exercises for 
 Singing Classes, Novello. She is an Associate 
 of the Philharmonic Society. 
 
 Marshall, Oldfield Sherwin, organist 
 and pianist. In 1883 he was a^jpointed to the 
 Anglo-American Church, Rome ; and in 1890 
 succeeded Dr. Mark J. Monk as organist of 
 the Parish Church, Banbury. He has appeared 
 as pianist at various concerts; and an orches- 
 tral Suite of his composition was performed 
 at Abingdon in 1889. In 1884 he was elected 
 Associate of Merit of the Academy of St. 
 Cecilia, Rome, the only Englishman thus 
 distinguished. 
 
 Marshall, William, violinist and com- 
 poser, born at Fochaliers, December 27, 1748. 
 House steward and butler to the Duke of 
 Gordon till 1790. In 1773 he married Jane 
 Giles, by whom he had a family of five sons 
 and a daughter. Farmer at Keithmore, and 
 factor to the Duke of Gordon, 1790-1817. 
 He died at Newfield Cottage, Dandaleith, 
 Rothes, Elginshire, May 29, 1833, and is 
 buried in Bellie Churchyard. 
 
 Works. — A Collection of Strathspey Reels, 
 with a bass for the Violoncello or Harpsichord, 
 Edinburgh, Neil Stewart [1781] . A second 
 collection appeared later. Marshall's Scot- 
 tish Airs, Melodies, Strathspeys, Reels, etc., 
 for the pianoforte, violin, and violoncello, 
 with appropriate basses. Dedicated to the 
 Marchioness of Huntly, Edin., 1822 [con- 
 taining 170 airs] . Collection of Scottish 
 Melodies, Reels, Strathspeys, Jigs, Slow Airs, 
 etc., for the pianoforte, violin, and violoncello, 
 being the genuine and posthumous works of 
 William Marshall, Edinburgh, 1847. Choice 
 Selection of Reels and Strathspeys, Edin- 
 burgh, n.d. (with Gow). 
 
 Marshall is best known as a composer by 
 his melodies " Of a' the airts the wind can 
 blaw " (" Miss Admiral Gordon's Strathspey "), 
 " This is no my ain house," " The wind blew 
 the bonnie lassie's plaidie awa," and several 
 others, all of which were dance tunes which 
 have been adapted to poetry. 
 
 Marshall, William, organist and com- 
 poser, was born in 1806. He became a chor- 
 ister in the Chapel Royal, under J. S. Smith 
 and W. Hawes, and in Christ Church, and 
 St. John's College, Oxford, 1823. Organist of 
 All Saints', Oxford. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1826, 
 Mus. Doc, Oxon., January, 1840. Organist 
 of St. j\Iary's Church, Kidderminster, 1846. 
 He died at Handsworth, August 17, 1875. 
 
 Works. — Anthems used in the Cathedral 
 and Collegiate Churches of England and 
 Wales, 1840. Art of Reading Church Music, 
 and Exercises intended to accompany the 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 273 
 
 MARSHALL. 
 
 same. Oxford, 1842-43. Miscellaneous church 
 music. Three canzonets [1830] . Cathedral 
 Services, arranged for organ and pf., Oxford, 
 1847. Cathedral Chants, edited with Alfred 
 W. Bennett [1829] . 
 
 A Mrs. William Marshall (wife of above ?), 
 composed a number of songs and ballads, 
 about 1830-40. 
 
 Marshall = Hall, see Hall, W. L. 
 Marshall. 
 
 Marson, George, composer of the 16th 
 century, who wrote anthems, and a 5-part 
 madrigal, " The Nimphes and Shepheards," 
 in the "Triumphs of Oriana," 1601. He is 
 said to have been a Bac. Mus., but it is not 
 known at what university he graduated. 
 
 Martin, Amy Florence, contralto vocalist 
 of present time. Was educated at the Lon- 
 don Academy of Music, studying singing 
 with Manuel Garcia ; and distinguishing her- 
 self also in harmony. She won two scholar- 
 ships while tliere, was made an Associate in 
 1885, receiving her diploma from the hands 
 of Madame Patti, and was appointed a pro- 
 fessor of singing. Her concert engagements 
 included tours with Mr. Sims Reeves, appear- 
 ances at the Crystal Palace and other concerts. 
 She then turned her attention to opera, and 
 assisted at the first production of several 
 light operas, finally becoming a member of 
 Mr. J. W. Turner's company about 1892. In 
 the tours of this company she has appeared 
 with success in a variety of parts, ranging 
 from Azucena, in " II Trovatore," to Siebel, 
 in "Faust." 
 
 Martin, George Clement, organist and 
 composer, born at Lambourne, Berks, Sep- 
 tember 11, 1844. Studied under J. Pearson, 
 and Dr. Stainer. Graduated Mus Bac, 
 Oxford, 1868; F.C.O., 1875; and received 
 the Canterbury degree of Mus. Doc, 1883. 
 Private organist to the Duke of Buccleuch, 
 Dalkeith, 1871 ; Master of Song at the Choir 
 School, 1874, and deputy organist, St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, 1876 ; and elected organist, on 
 the retirement of Dr. Stainer, 1888. Pro- 
 fessor of the Organ, at R.C.M., for a few 
 years from 1883. His compositions are 
 chiefly for the church, and comprise a Morn- 
 ing, Communion, and Evening Service in C, 
 for voices and orchestra ; Evening Services 
 for the same, and for military Band ; setting 
 of the Benedicite, and Offertory sentences. 
 Te Deum for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee 
 service, St. Paul's, June 22, 1897. Come 
 my soul ; Ho every one that thirsteth ; Re- 
 joice in the Lord ; Veni, Creator Spiritus ; 
 and other antliems. Editor of Responses to 
 the Commandments. Evening ; Cold blovvs 
 the wind ; Let maids be false (men's voices), 
 and other part-songs. Arrangements for the 
 organ, of movements from St. Ludmila ; Re- 
 demption ; and Mors et Vita. Editor of 
 
 MASON. 
 
 Organ Arrangements, Novello. Author of 
 The Art of Training Choir Boys, Novello's 
 Primers, No, 39. 
 
 Martin, George William, composer and 
 conductor, was born on March 8, 1828. He 
 was a chorister in St. Paul's Cathedral under 
 W. Hawes. Professor of music at the Nor- 
 mal College for Army Schoolmasters ; Music 
 master at St. John's Training College, Batter- 
 sea, 1845-53 ; Organist of Christ Church, 
 Battersea, 1849. He conducted the concerts 
 of the Natioual Choral Society, the Metropo- 
 litan Schools Choral Society, etc. Editor of 
 the "Journal of Part Music," 1861-62, and of 
 other musical journals. He died at Boling- 
 broke House Hospital, Wandsworth, April 
 16, 1881. Martin composed several prize 
 glees, anthems, songs, the hymn tune, " Leo- 
 minster," etc. 
 
 Martin, Henry Maclean, Enrico Cam- 
 POBELLO, baritone vocalist, born in 1839. 
 Sang in opera in Colonel Mapleson's com- 
 pany, and toured in the provinces with the 
 same in 1872, etc. He is also well known 
 as a concert singer. In 1874 lie married the 
 soprano vocalist, known as Madame Sinico, 
 whose maiden name was Clarice Marini. 
 
 Martin, Jonathan, organist and com- 
 poser, born in 1715. Chorister in the Chapel 
 Royal under Croft. He studied the organ 
 under Rosingrave, and became deputy of St. 
 George's, Hanover Square, London, and 
 organist of the Chapel Royal in 1736. He 
 died at London, April 4, 1737. 
 
 Martyn, Mrs. See Inverarity, Eliza. 
 
 Mason, Edward, composer and teacher 
 of singing, born at Newcastle-under-Lyme, 
 July 4, 1864. Descended from an old Staf- 
 fordshire family settled in that town from 
 the sixteenth century. Received his musical 
 training at St. John's College, Battersea, under 
 Edward Mills, 1883-4 ; and at the Tonic Sol- 
 Pa College, under McNaught, Venables, and 
 others. Became a Fellow of the College in 
 1889, and graduated Mus. Bac, Durham, 
 1892. Is singing instructor to the Arbroath 
 School Board ; choirmaster, St. Mary's 
 Episcopal Church, and conductor of several 
 choral societies. He has composed a Good 
 Friday Service, " The Man of Sorrows " 
 (1896) ; Wee Folks' Songs ; and is author of 
 Old Notation Reader (5 Nos.), and Standard 
 Music Charts for Schools. He executed the 
 Tonic Sol-fa translation of Sullivan's " Light 
 of the World," and has contributed to the 
 Scottish Musical Review, and other papers. 
 
 Mason, John, author of " An Essay on 
 the power of immbers and the principles of 
 Harmony," r,ondoii, 1749; and composer of 
 songs, " The Admiring Lover," etc. 
 
 Mason, John, clergyman and musician, 
 of the early part of the 16th century. One 
 of the famous musicians mentioned by 
 
 R 
 
274 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 IMASON. 
 
 Morley, lu 1508, he was instructor of the 
 choristers at ^lagdalen College, Oxford, and 
 in the same year he graduated Mus. Bac. 
 He died in 1547-48. 
 
 Mason, William, poet, musician, and 
 writer, l)orn at Hull in 1725. Ordained min- 
 ister, 1755. Prebendary and Prece]3tor, York 
 Cathedral, 1763. He died at Aston, April 5, 
 1797. Wrote various papers on ecclesiastical 
 music, collected under the title of "Essays, 
 historical and critical, on English Church 
 Music," York, 1795, and composer of " Lord 
 of all power and might," anthem, and other 
 vocal music. His works are chiefly literary, 
 and he takes rank among the minor poets of 
 England. 
 
 Massey, Richard, musician, born in 1798, 
 was organist at the Chapel Royal, Whitehall, 
 for 40 years [1837-77] . He died at London, 
 April 21, 1883. 
 
 Another Richard Massey, probably the 
 father of the foregoing, issued a work entitled 
 "Sacred Music: twenty-six psalm tunes and 
 three anthems," Manchester [1810]. 
 
 Masson, Elizabeth, contralto singer and 
 composer, was born in Scotland early in the 
 present century. She was a pupil of Madame 
 Pasta, and made her debut at the Ancient 
 Concerts on March 16, 1831. She founded 
 the Royal Society of Female Musicians in 
 1838 along with Mary Sarah Steele (who 
 was a professor of singing at the R.A.M., and 
 died at London, March 26, 1881, aged 65). 
 Died at London, in January, 1865. 
 
 Works. — Original Jacobite Songs, London 
 [1839] ; Twelve songs for the classical vocalist 
 [1845-61] , 24 parts ; Twelve songs by Byron 
 [184.3] ; Vocal sketches. Songs : Oh ! love 
 was never yet without the pang [1837] ; Bal- 
 moral rant [1840] ; Come off to the moors ; 
 Here's a health unto Her Majesty ; Is my 
 lover on the sea? Mary, adieu; Scotland, etc. 
 Vocal Exercises, London [1855] . Numerous 
 arrangements, etc. 
 
 Masters, William J. Chalmers, pianist 
 and composer, born in London, 1818. Some- 
 time musical director, St. George's Hall, 
 London. For many years resident as a teacher 
 at Southsea. He was the composer of two 
 operettas, " The Forester's Daughters," pro- 
 duced at St. George's Hall, November 19, 
 1867, and " The Rose of Salency " ; of songs, 
 pf. pieces, etc. He died at Southsea, Novem- 
 ber 28, 1893. 
 
 Masterton, Allan, Scottish musician and 
 writing-master in the High School of Edin- 
 burgh. An associate of Robert Burns, the 
 poet, to whose song, " Willie brew'd a peck o' 
 maut," he wrote music. He died about 1799. 
 
 Mather, George, musician and teacher, 
 compiled " The Calcutta Melodies, comprising 
 thirty-six original psalm and hymn tunes, 
 London [1844] . The Freehay Singing Class 
 
 MATHEWS. 
 
 Manual, London [1883] . Also composed 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Mather, Samuel, organist and composer, 
 son of William blather, was born at Sheffield 
 in 1783. Organist of St. James' Church, 
 Sheffield, 1799; St. Paul's, Sheffield, 1808. 
 Bandmaster of the Sheffield Volunteers, 1805. 
 He died at Edinburgh, May 26, 1824. Com- 
 piled a Book of Psalm Tunes, and assisted 
 Cotterill in the compilation of his "Christian 
 Psalmody." He also composed glees, songs, 
 Te Deum, numerous hymns, etc. 
 
 Mather, William, organist and composer, 
 born in 1756. He was organist of St. Paul's, 
 and St. James', Sheffield, and died at Shef- 
 field, in 1808. Compiler of " Sacred Music, 
 consisting of Twenty-six Psalm and Hymn 
 Tunes . . ." London [1805] ; and composer of 
 the Psahn-tune " Sheffield," known also as 
 " Attercliffe." His son, John Mather, born 
 in Sheffield, March 31, 1781, was organist of 
 Sheffield Parish Church, 1805, but settled in 
 Edinburgh about 1810. He was organist at 
 the Musical Festival of 1815, and from 1815 
 till 1818, was conductor of the Edinburgh 
 Institution for the encouragement of Sacred 
 Music. He was pianist at the Glasgow Fes- 
 tival in 1821, and chorus-master at the Edin- 
 burgh Festival of 1843. He also sang at 
 various musical festivals. Died at Edinburgh, 
 January 20, 1850. He composed " Hail to 
 the Chief," a glee ; songs; and wrote accom- 
 paniments for Peter Macleod's " Original 
 Melodies." 
 
 Mathews, James, amateur flutist and 
 composer, born at Stourbridge, June 2, 1827. 
 His father was a talented amatevir both in 
 music and painting, and gave his son such 
 musical instruction as he received, but would 
 not consent to his entering the musical x^ro- 
 fession. The son devoted all his spare time 
 to the cultivation of the flute, and like his 
 father, became a fine performer. He played 
 his first solo in public in 1843 ; and up to 
 1878, was frequently heard in the district, 
 and nearly every year playing in Birmingham, 
 his services being given to every call of 
 charity. On October 7, 1868, he was publicly 
 presented with a gold flute, in the Union 
 Hall, Stourbridge, a gift from his friends and 
 admirers. The instrument was designed 
 from his own plan of fingering, and has 82 
 keys, and his execution on it could not be 
 excelled. His friendship with jMr. Walter 
 Broadwood, an excellent amateur flutist, 
 brought him into contact with many eminent 
 musicians, and he has enjoyed the rare ex- 
 perience, in private circles, of playing to the 
 pianoforte accompaniment of Joseph Joachim. 
 He has composed nearly 100 songs, a few 
 of which are published ; some pieces for 
 flute ; and has arranged many movements 
 from the great masters for his instrument. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 275 
 
 MATT. 
 
 Retired from business, he still devotes him- 
 self to Music at his home, at Clent, in Wor- 
 cestershire. 
 
 Matt, Albert E., trombonist, of the Phil- 
 harmonic and other orchestras. He is the 
 composer of an orchestral suite, " An Evening 
 Ramble"; "Rural Scenes," in three move- 
 ments; "Augelus"; Idyl, "Sunset," per- 
 formed by the Strolling Players' orchestra, 
 ■ Queen's Hall, 1895 ; Norwegian Suite, 1897 ; 
 Idyl, " Dawn," etc., all for orchestra. 
 
 Matthay, Tobias Augustus, composer, 
 pianist, and teacher, born at Clapham, Lon- 
 don, February 19, 1858. Entered the R.A.M. 
 in 1871 ; studied composition under Sterndale 
 Bennett, Sullivan, and Prout ; and pf. under 
 W. Dorrell, and W. Macfarren. First Stern- 
 dale Bennett Scholar, 1872 ; and awarded the 
 first of the two Read Prizes for a pf. quartet, 
 1879. Made a Professor, and Associate, of 
 the R.A.M., 1880; and elected a Fellow in 
 1895. Wliile a student, an overture and other 
 compositions of his were performed at the 
 Academy concerts. He gave his first concert 
 in Clapham Hall, May 14, 1880, when his 
 prize quartet was performed ; and since 1884 
 has given annual recitals at Prince's Hall, 
 Queen's Hall, etc. He has contributed 
 articles on music generally, and pf. tone- 
 production particularl}', to The Overture, The 
 Keyboard, and other papers. As a teacher he 
 has done excellent work at the R.A.M., several 
 of the most promising recent students having 
 been his pupils. His compositions are already 
 very numerous, and are outlined in the sub- 
 joined list. 
 
 Works. — Crchestral : Two Symphonic 
 movements ; Four Concert overtures (one 
 produced at Promenade Concerts, 1879) ; 
 Scherzi, etc. Concerto ; Concert allegro in 
 A minor, another in D minor, for pf. and 
 orchestra. Scena, Hero and Leander, con- 
 tralto solo and orchestra. Psalm 126, for 
 chorus. Bright be the place of thy soul ; 
 There be none of Beauty's daughter's ; The 
 gentle eventide ; A Lament (Shelley), and 
 other songs. Fairies' serenade, x^art-song. 
 String quartet (1872) ; Quartet in F, pf. and 
 strings (Read prize) ; Trio, pf. and strings ; 
 Idyll, in D flat, violin and pf.. Musical Art- 
 ists' Society, 1884 ; Ballade, 'cello and pf., 
 the same, 1886. About 70 pieces for pf., of 
 which may be mentioned. Four Novelletten ; 
 17 variations on an original Theme, in C ; 
 Moods of a moment, 10 numbers ; Sonata in 
 B minor ; 35 variations and evolvements on 
 an original theme, in A minor ; Scottish 
 dances ; Lyrics, etc. 
 
 In August, 1892, he married Miss Jessie 
 Kennedy, a daughter of David Kennedy (q.v.) ; 
 an excellent vocalist, who has sung in Scot- 
 land, 1885 ; London, 1892 ; and assisted at 
 her husband's recitals, etc. 
 
 MATTMEWS. 
 
 Matthew, James E., writer, of present 
 time. Author of "A popular History of 
 Music, Musical Instruments, Ballet, and 
 Opera, from St. Ambrose to Mozart," Lon- 
 don, Grevel, 1888; "Manual of Musical 
 History," an enlargement of the preceding, 
 1892; "The Literature of Music," London, 
 Stock, 1896. 
 
 Matthews, H., author of " Observations 
 on Sound : showing the causes of its indis- 
 tinctness in churches," etc. London, 1826. 
 
 Matthews, John, organist, violinist and 
 composer, born at Liskeard, Cornwall, March 
 27, 1856. Studied at the Conservatorium, 
 Dresden, under ]\Ierkel, and Draeseke. Has 
 held organ appointments at St. James's, 
 Swansea ; I'arisli Church, St. Austell, Corn- 
 wall ; and, since 1889, has been organist at 
 St. Stephen's, Guernsey. There he is actively 
 engaged as a teacher and concert giver. His 
 wife is a clever violoncellist, and takes part 
 in the chamber concerts given by him. His 
 compositions include an Evening Service in 
 I), composed for tlie St. Austell Deanery 
 Choir Festival, 1888; Te Deum in F; anthem. 
 Song of the Streamlet ; The Mother to her 
 Child ; and other songs. Part-songs, How 
 soft the shades, etc. Sonata in C minor ; 
 six pieces, organ; pieces for violin; and for 
 pf., etc. Editor and translator of Carl 
 Schroeder's Cattchism of Violin playing, and 
 of Violoncello playing, Augener. Other 
 works in IMS. 
 
 Matthews, John Alexander, organist 
 and conductor, born at Gloucester, June 17, 
 1841. Educated at King's College School, 
 having entered the Cathedral Choir in 1850. 
 Articled pupil of, and assistant organist to, 
 John Amott, and after his death, 18G5, acting 
 organist at the Cathedral, until the appoint- 
 ment of Dr. S. S. Wesley. In 1866 he went 
 to Cheltenham, and has been organist and 
 choirmaster of the parish church of St. 
 Matthew since that time. He started a 
 choral society which is now known as the 
 Festival Society, and in 1887 organised a 
 Musical Festival, which is celebrated trien- 
 nially, and at which several works of impor- 
 tance have been produced. This is under his 
 own management. In 1893 he founded the 
 County of Gloucester Musical Festival Asso- 
 ciation, numbering more than 2,000 members. 
 He was for 15 years connected with the 
 Gloucester Choral Society, as choirmaster, 
 organist, and conductor. In 1876 he received 
 a public testimonial from this society at the 
 hands of the then Mayor of Gloucester, 
 Anthony Jones, Esq., and in 1890, a similar 
 token of regard through the Mayor of 
 Cheltenham, Colonel Thoytes, at the close 
 of the Festival. He has had a busy life as a 
 teacher ; is hon. local representative of 
 R.A.M., and hon. examiner for R.C.M. ; and 
 
27G 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MATTHEWS. 
 
 prominent in the work of the Incorporated 
 Society of Musicians. Hon. life member of 
 Trinity College, London. Of his composi- 
 tions, the songs, The Language of the Heart ; 
 God is Love ; Church Bells ; and The Merry 
 May, are the best known. 
 
 Matthews, Julia, soprano vocalist and 
 actress, born in Australia. She sang princi- 
 pally in opera bouffe, and appeared in the 
 title - part of Offenbach's " La Grande 
 Duchesse," on its first production in Eng- 
 lish, Covent Garden, November 16, 1867. 
 She was also the original Madame Lange, in 
 the English version of Lecocq's " La Pille de 
 Madame Angot," produced at the Philhar- 
 monic Theatre, London, November? 187.3. 
 She died at New York, May, 1876, at the 
 early age of 34. 
 
 Matthews, Rev. Timothy Richard, 
 clergyman and musician, born at Colm worth 
 Rectory, near Bedford, November 4, 1826. 
 Educated at Bedford Grammar School and 
 graduated B.A., Cambridge, in 1853. He 
 studied the organ under Sir George Elvey. 
 Rector of North Coates, near Grimsby, from 
 1869. 
 
 Works. — Tunes for holy worship, London, 
 1859, 2nd edit., 1860. The village-church 
 tune-book, London, 1859. Congregational 
 melodies ; a collection of tunes, chants and 
 responses, London [1862]. Hymn tunes, 
 London [1867]. North Coates supplemental 
 tune book, London, [1878], 1883, etc. Ang- 
 lican chants (Hatchards). The village or- 
 ganist, London [1877]. His hymn tunes, 
 Ludborough, Chenies, and Winthorpe, have 
 been often printed. 
 
 Matthison, Arthur, vocalist, actor and 
 author, born in Birmingham, January 31, 
 1826. He studied singing in Italy as a tenor, 
 but his voice afterwards changed to a bari- 
 tone of rich quality ; and he had the rare 
 experience of singing, at different periods, 
 the tenor and the bass solos in the " Messiah." 
 On the stage he took singing parts, but acted 
 in melodrama at Drury Lane and elsewhere. 
 For several years he was at Booth's Theatre, 
 New York. He was a man of versatile 
 ability, his dramatic works, including 
 " Harold," a five-act drama, and a most 
 successful skit on the hysterical drama, 
 " ]\Iore than ever" (1882), exceeding twenty 
 in number ; and he also wrote the English 
 versions of Balfe's " Talismano," Rossini's 
 " Mose in Egitto " (for the Sacred Harmonic 
 production of the work as an oratorio, May, 
 1878), " Mignon," and " La Dame Blanche," 
 for Carl Rosa, the libretto of " Rebekah " for 
 Joseph Barnby, and other pieces. His poem, 
 "The little Hero," was set by Michael May- 
 brick. A volume of Sketches and Essays 
 was published by J. Camden Hotten, London, 
 n.d. He died in London, May 21, 1883. His 
 
 MAXWELL. 
 
 younger brother, Henry Matthison, too- 
 much engaged in official life in Birmingham 
 to enter the musical profession, was for many 
 years in request as a concert singer, having 
 a sweet tenor voice. He married the Welsh 
 contralto, Kate Wynne (q.v.), sister of Edith 
 Wynne. 
 
 Maunder, John Henry, organist and 
 composer, born in Chelsea, London, 1858. 
 Musically educated at the R.A.M. Organist, 
 St. Matthew's, Sydenham, 1876-7 ; St. Paul's,^ 
 Forest Hill, 1878-9. Conductor of the Civil 
 Service Vocal Union, from 1881. Has done 
 much work as accompanist, and in that 
 capacity has been especially connected with 
 Mr. Sims Reeves, playing for him at his fare- 
 well concert, at the Albert Hall, May 11, 
 1891. He trained the choir for Henry Irving's 
 original production of " Faust " at the 
 Lyceum Theatre, December, 1887. His 
 compositions include an operetta, " Daisy 
 Dingle " (Forest Hill, 1885) ; a cantata for 
 men's voices, " The Martyrs," composed for 
 the Queen's College, Oxford, Concerts, and 
 produced. May 25, 1894 ; he has also pub- 
 lished several anthems, settings of the Te 
 Deum, and Benedicite, two Evening Services, 
 carols, a chorus, " Thor's War Song," songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Maurice, Rev. Peter, D.D., writer and 
 clergyman, born in 1804. Vicar of Yarnton, 
 Woodstock, and Chaplain of New College, 
 Oxford. He died at Yarnton vicarage, March 
 30, 1878. Author of " What shall we do with 
 Music ? a letter to the Earl of Derby," Lon- 
 don, 1856. " Choral Harmony, a collection 
 of tunes in short score for four voices," 1854. 
 He composed an evening service, hymn tunes, 
 etc. 
 
 Maxfield, William Henry, composer 
 and organist, born A23ril 27, 1849, at North 
 Somercotes, Lincolnshire. Chorister, rft. 
 Philip's, Hulme, Manchester, 1860-5, and 
 pupil of F. Pugh and Dr. Hiles. F.R.C.O., 
 1888. Took the Toronto Mus. Bac, 1889. 
 Has held af)pointments as organist and choir- 
 master at St. Peter's, Levenshulme, 1866 ; 
 St. Thomas', Norbury, 1872 ; St George's, 
 Altrincham, 1879 ; and has been, from 1884, 
 at St. John's, Altrincham. Conductor of 
 Choral Societies at Altrincham, Bowden, and 
 other places ; and lecturer on subjects con- 
 nected with music. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas: Jacob and Esau (1888); 
 Star of the East (1889) ; The Lord is risen 
 (1890); and The old, old story (1892). Choral 
 Ballad, Delphi, men's voices and orchestra ; 
 The Silver Lily, cantata for female voices. 
 Anthems, and compositions for pf., organ, 
 etc. Edited Collection of Fifty Minstrel 
 Songs ; Fifty Favourite Songs, etc. 
 
 Maxwell, Francis Kelly, author of 
 " An Essay upon Tune, being an attempt to 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 277 
 
 MAY. 
 
 free the scale of Music and the tune of instru- 
 ments from imperfection," Edinburgh, 1781 ; 
 Loudon, 1794. JMaxwell died in 1782. 
 
 May, Edward Collett, organist and 
 composer, was born at Greenwich, October 29, 
 1806. He studied music and the organ under 
 Adams, Potter, and Crivelh. Organist of 
 Greenwich Hospital, 1837-69. Professor of 
 Vocal Music in Queen's College, London. 
 He died at London, January 2, 1887. Author 
 of " Progressive Vocal Exercises for daily 
 practice," London [1853], and composer of 
 songs, etc. He was celebrated as an organist 
 and teacher. 
 
 May, Florence, pianist and composer, 
 daughter of the foregoing, born in London. 
 Her musical talent showed itself very early, 
 and was fostered by her father and uncle ; 
 but it was not until some years later, after 
 receiving some lessons from Madame Schu- 
 mann, that the young pianist devoted herself 
 to music as a profession. Through IMadame 
 Schumann's influence, Johannes Brahms 
 accepted Florence May as a pupil, and to that 
 happy circumstance is due her great success 
 as an interpreter of his music. After some 
 years spent in Germany, she returned to 
 London about 1873, and continuing her 
 studies for a further period, she gave her 
 first recital in the Beethoven Rooms, Febru- 
 ary 3, 1875. At the Bennett Memorial 
 Concert, March .0, at St. James's Hall, she 
 played the deceased ^Master's F minor Con- 
 certo. Then followed engagements in Loudon, 
 Liverpool, and other places. Further study 
 in harmony, etc., with her father and Sir G. 
 A. Macfarren was followed by another visit 
 to Germany, and she studied under Bargiel, 
 in Berlin. Two compositions of hers, Bene- 
 dictus and Osanna, were performed in Berlin 
 at that time. In 1885 she returned to London, 
 but has since made several tours in Germany, 
 giving recitals in Vienna, 1890-96, etc., and 
 has t xkeu her place among the leading pianists 
 of the time, giving annual recitals in London. 
 Her published compositions include Three 
 Mazurkas, Bourree ; Waltzes, op. 4 ; and 
 other pf. pieces. Three choruses for female 
 voices ; Six songs with German and English 
 words (her own translation). She has also 
 edited a collection of pieces by Old Masters, 
 from works written for harpsichord, including 
 some by Henry Symonds (q-v.). 
 
 May, John, musician, of early part of the 
 present century, composed " A selection of 
 songs, duetts, glees, waltzes, etc., arranged 
 for 1, 2, or 3 German flutes or patent flageo- 
 lets," Edinburgh, 1809. " The Royal Marine 
 Quadrilles, for pf.," London [1825] . 
 
 May, Oliver, pianist, born at Greenwich, 
 January 27, 1811. His first instruction in 
 music was received from his brother, Edward 
 ■Collett, noticed above. At the R.A.SI. he 
 
 MAYBRICK. 
 
 studied for over five years, under Cipriani 
 Potter, and on leaving was appointed organist 
 at a chapel on Blackheath. Later he officiated 
 for some years at a church in Bermondsey, and 
 was for a short time, previous to 1857, organist 
 at St. Martin-in-the-Fields. He was ap- 
 pointed a professor of the pf . at Queen's College, 
 London, at its foundation. A member of the 
 original committee of the Bach Society, Lon- 
 don, he was an active worker while the society 
 existed ; and was for many years a member, 
 and occasionally a director of the Philhar- 
 monic Society; also a Fellow, R.A.M. His 
 retiring disposition militated against a public 
 life, but as a teacher he was in great request 
 and highly valued. He died at St. Albans, 
 April 12, 1891. A fellow student at the 
 R.A.M. with Sterndale Bennett, the closest 
 intimacy existed between them. Many in- 
 teresting mementos of Bennett and others at 
 his death came into the possession of his 
 niece, Florence May (q-v.). His published 
 works were few ; an overture, Don Sebastian, 
 op. 1, arranged for pf. duet ; I seek the haunts ; 
 The Moon's pale beam, and other songs. In 
 MS. remain a quartet for pf. and strings ; 
 songs, madrigals, and pf. pieces. 
 
 Maybrick, Michael, Stephen Adams, 
 baritone vocalist and composer, born at Liver- 
 pool, 1844. Studied under W. T. Best, and 
 was organist of St. Peter's Church. Liverpool, 
 1858. In 1866 he went to Leipzig, and 
 studied at the Conservatorium under Mos- 
 cheles, Plaidy, and Richter ; but later turned 
 his attention to singing, and studied with 
 Gaetano Nava. He sang at the Oratorio 
 Concerts, London, February 25, 1869, and in 
 the provinces that year ; at the New Phil- 
 harmonic Concerts, 1870 ; at the Bristol Fes- 
 tival, 1876 ; at the principal London and 
 provincial concerts ; and in 1884, toured in 
 the United States and Canada. As the in- 
 terpreter of his own songs he has been a great 
 favourite. Of these songs may be mentioned, 
 A warrior bold ; Nancy Lee ; The Tar's fare- 
 well ; Garonne ; Good Company ; Blue Alsa- 
 tian mountains ; Star of Bethlehem ; Children 
 of the City ; Valley by the Sea ; Genevieve ; 
 Little Hero ; Holy City ; Sweet Kildare ; 
 ]Mona ; Romany Lass ; Fiona, etc. jMany of 
 these, particularly " Nancy Lee," enjoyed 
 extraordinary popularity. 
 
 Other musicians of the name, and pre- 
 sumably of the same faniily, were William 
 Maybrick, born 1773 ; died, 1843, a composer 
 of whom nothing appears to be known ; and 
 IMicHAEL Maybrick, his son, born 1799 ; 
 died at Liverpool, IMay, 1846. He was a pupil 
 of Richard Waiuwright. Organist of St. 
 Peter's, Liverpool, and organist and conductor 
 of the Liverpool Choral Society. He pub- 
 lished "Twelve Voluntaries for the Organ; 
 composed in a free style, and founded on 
 
278 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 MAYCOCK. 
 
 Church melodies" (W. Blackman, 1844?), 
 2 books. Also two sets of original chants ; 
 arrangements for pf. ; Mozart's favourite air, 
 " Life let us cherish," with new variations 
 for pf., etc. 
 
 Maycock, John Henry, clarinet player, 
 was for 35 years in the orchestra of the Royal 
 Italian Opera, and of Drury Lane. During 
 his time many English operas were produced, 
 and it was for him that Balfe wrote the corno 
 di bassetto introduction to "The heart bowed 
 down," and the bass clarinet solo in "The 
 Daughter of St. Mark." For over fifty years 
 Maycock occupied a high position as a per- 
 former. He retired from public life in 1892, 
 at the age of 75. 
 
 Maynard, John, lute-player and com- 
 poser, of the 16th and 17th centuries, pub- 
 lished " The xii. Wonders of the World, set 
 and composed for the Violl de Gambo, the 
 lute, and the voyce, to sing the verse, all 
 three jointly, and none severall ; also Lessons 
 for the Lute and Basse violl to play alone ; 
 with some Lessons to i^lay lyra-wayes alone, 
 or if you will, to fill up the parts with another 
 violl set lute-way," London, 1611. 
 
 Maynard, John, musician, of Ponder's 
 End, Essex, wrote "Forty-eight original hymn 
 tunes, and two pieces," London [1830]. 
 
 Maynard, Walter, see Beale, Thomas 
 
 WiLLERT. 
 
 Mayo, Charles, surgeon and amateur 
 musician, born at Winchester in 1837 ; died 
 on a voyage to Sydney in 1877. Author of a 
 pamphlet on the " Organ in New College 
 Chapel" [Oxford], 1875. 
 
 Mayo, Rev. Charles Herbert, author 
 and musician. Vicar of Long Burton with 
 HoliiCst, Dorset, since 1872. He has pub- 
 lished a number of antiquarian works, family 
 histories, and has issued "Traditional Carols 
 for Christmas Tide, sung at Long Burton, 
 Dorset. . . .harmonies arranged by E. C. How- 
 arth," Sherborne [1893]. He also edited 
 "Bibliotheca Dorsetiensis," 1885. 
 
 Mazzinghi, Joseph, composer, was born 
 at London, December 25, 1765 He belonged 
 to a Corsican family, from which he derived 
 the title of Count. Pui^il of J C. Bach, An- 
 fossi, and Sacchini. Musical director of King's 
 Theatre, 1784. Music teacher to Princess of 
 Wales. He died at Bath, January 15, 1844. 
 
 Works. — Musical dramas : A day in Turkey, 
 1791; Paul and Virginia, 1800; Blind Girl, 
 1801; Exile, 1808; La belle Arsene; Sappho et 
 Phaon; Magician no conjuror; Free Knights; 
 Ramah Droog (with Reeve) ; Turnpike Gate 
 (Reeve) ; Chains of the Heart (with Reeve) ; 
 Wifeof two Husbands. Glees, trios, songs, etc.: 
 And whither would yor; lead me ; Ava Maria; 
 O Brignal banks; The captive to his bird; 
 Cypress wreath ; Each throbbing heart ; For 
 tenderness formed ; Had I a heart ; Harril the 
 
 MEEN. 
 
 brave; Hart and hind are in their lair; Haste, 
 haste, glorious light; Hope told a flattering 
 tale ; Huntsman rest ; I seek my shepherd gone 
 astray; If the treasured gold ; John of Brent; 
 Lady beware; Lillo Lee; Lochgyle; The Min- 
 strel's summons ; Mirth and beauty ; The 
 negro's glee ; Nocturnal besiegers ; O young 
 Lochinvar ; Pastoral Eondo ; Roderick Vich 
 Alpine ; Soldier rest ; Wake maid of Lorn ; 
 When order in this land commenced ; When 
 Phoebus rays no more appear ; When tell-tale 
 echoes ; and, Where sliall the lover rest. Songs, 
 ballads, etc. He also composed Admiral Lord 
 Nelson's victory, a sonata in comnremoration 
 of the glorious 1st of August. Twelve airs 
 for the pf., with accompaniments for a flute 
 and tambourine. A large number of sonatas 
 and other pf. pieces. Selection of German 
 national melodies. . . .Loni'on [1815] . 
 
 Meadowcroft, John, organist and com- 
 poser, was born in 1827, He was a chorister 
 in Manchester Cathedral, and for ten years 
 honorary organist at the cathedral evening 
 services. He died at Scarborough, August 
 28, 1873. Composer of chants and editor of 
 a psalter. 
 
 Mee, Rev. John Henry, composer and 
 writer on music, born at Riddings Vicarage, 
 Derbyshire, August 16, 1852. Scholar and 
 Taberdar, Queen's College, Oxford, 1871 ; first- 
 class in Classical IModerations, 1873; first- 
 class in Hterj¥ Humaniores, 1875; B.A., and 
 Fellow, Morton's College, 1875; Succentor, 
 Queen's College, 1876; M.A. and classical 
 lecturer, Worcester College, 1878 ; Mus. Bac, 
 1882 ; Mus. Doc, 1888, Oxford. Ordained Dea- 
 con, 1876; Priest, 1877, by Bishop of Oxford. 
 Public Examiner in University of Oxford three 
 times; Hon. Fellow, St. Michael's College, 
 Tenbury, 1886; Precentor of Chichester Cathe- 
 dral, 1889; County Councillor for West Sussex, 
 1890 ; and Coryphfeus of Oxford University, 
 1890. Dr. Mee has done much for chamber 
 music in Oxford, and has lectured at the Mu- 
 sical Association, etc. He has also contri- 
 buted the articles Steibelt, Vogler, and others 
 to Grove's Dictionary. 
 
 Works. — Dies Ascensionis for soli, chorus, 
 and orchestra; Missa Solei^nis in B flat, for 
 soli, double-chorus, and orchestra, Oxford, 
 November 9, 1888. Ballads for men's chorus 
 and orchestra: Horatius, London, Aj^ril 21, 
 1891; Delphi, Oxford, 1895. Christmas 
 Carols set to music ; God who at sundry 
 times, anthem. Madrigals, Chloris' singing, 
 Madrigal Society's prize, 1887 ; The lesson of 
 Love. Motet. Quartet in G, strings ; Fan- 
 tasia, organ, etc. 
 
 Meen, Fountain, pianist and organist, 
 born at Hackney, London, September 14, 
 1846. Not being originally brought up to the 
 musical profession, his studies were private, 
 and he is for the most part self-taught. Has 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 279 
 
 MEGONE. 
 
 been organist successively at Clapton Wes- 
 leyan Chapel ; St. Mary's, Stoke Newington ; 
 and, since 1880, at Union Chapel, Islington. 
 Was organist to the Sacred Harmonic Society 
 for the last seven years of its existence, and 
 has played organ solos at the Annual Festivals 
 of the Royal Society of IMusicians, of which 
 he is a member. In 1886 he succeeded the 
 late Josiah Pittman as professor of the organ 
 at the Guildhall School of Music. He is also 
 Local Examiner for R.C.M., and an Associate 
 of the Philharmonic Society. As a pianist he 
 is chiefly known as a skilful accompanist. 
 
 Megone, Norfolk, conductor, born in 
 London, IMarch 15, 1860. Studied as an 
 amateur under Otto Standke, at Bonn ; and 
 also Leipzig and Frankfort. On his return 
 to London he became connected with several 
 musical societies, and founded the Belsize 
 Amateur Orchestral Society. In 1882 he 
 organised the orchestra of the Strolling Play- 
 ers' Amateur Dramatic Club, and gave a 
 number of excellent concerts. He joined the 
 profession in 1889, and was appointed conduc- 
 tor of the Devonshire Park Concerts, East- 
 bourne ; also of the Private Banks IMusical 
 Society in 1890. He has composed " ffinone," 
 and other valses, for orchestra, etc. 
 
 Melba, Madame, see Aemstrong, Helen 
 Porter. 
 
 Mell, Davis, violinist, and clock-maker, 
 born at Wilton, near Salisbury, Nov. 15, 1604. 
 He was esteemed the fin est violin player in Eng- 
 laud prior to the arrival of Baltzar. Some of 
 his compositions are to be found in Christopher 
 Simpson's " Division Violin," 1684. The date 
 of his death is unknown, but he was a musi- 
 cian in the service of Charles II. 
 
 Meller, Clara, pianist, born at Clifton, 
 Bristol, February 3, 1856. Studied there, 
 and in London, proceeding to Leipzig in 
 1871. There she entered the Conservatorium, 
 studying under Oscar Paul, and Reinecke. 
 She returned to England, and appeared in 
 concerts in London and the provinces, but 
 was back again in Germany in 1876. In 1880 
 she was married to Dr. Hermann Kretzschmar, 
 now University Musical Director, Leipzig. 
 Her professional career was not abandoned, 
 and she occupies a high position as a pianist 
 in Germany. 
 
 Mellon, Alfred, composer and violinist, 
 born in London, April 7, 18"20. His earlier 
 years were spent in Birmingham, of which 
 place bis parents were natives. He was a 
 violinist at the Royal Italian Opera, London, 
 and conductor at Haymarket Theatre ; the 
 Adelphi ; and of Pyne and Harrison Opera 
 Company ; the Musical Society ; Promenade 
 Concerts, Covent Garden ; Liverpool Philhar- 
 monic Society, 1865. Married to Miss Wool- 
 gar, the actress. He died at Chelsea, London, 
 March 27, 1867. 
 
 MERRIOTT. 
 
 Works. — Irish Dragoon, oxDera, 1845; Mys- 
 terious stranger, 1846 ; Victorine, opera, Covent 
 Garden, 1859. Crown'd with clusters of the 
 vine, glee (1850) ; Thou soft-flowing Avon ; 
 Good night ; Let concord tune the strain, etc. 
 Cupid's eyes, song, and numerous other songs 
 and pf. pieces. 
 
 Mellor, Richard, organist, born at Hud- 
 dersfield, March 23, 1816. Was appointed 
 organist at Zion Chapel, Lindley, when just 
 eighteen ; and later held similar posts at 
 Linthwaite Church ; Honley Wesleyan Chapel 
 (where he played the teolopbon, a precursor 
 of the harmonium) ; St. Patrick's Roman 
 Catholic Cburcb, Huddersfield ; and Rams- 
 den Street Independent Chapel, where he 
 remained 33 years. He retired from active 
 duty about 1874, but played the organ at the 
 Huddersfield Exhibition of 1883. For some 
 years he undertook concert arrangements, 
 and introduced Sims Reeves and other great 
 artists to Huddersfield, and was a notable 
 figure in the musical life of that town. 
 
 Melton, William, writer. Chancellor of 
 the Duchy of York, flourished during the 
 early part of the 16th century. Author of a 
 treatise entitled, " De IMusicse Ecclesiasticse," 
 preserved in MS. 
 
 Menzies, Archibald, violinist and fa- 
 mous reel player, was born at Dull, Perth- 
 shire, in 1806, and died at Edinburgh on 
 July 16, 1856. Pie was in the orchestra of 
 the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, and took part 
 in many competition concerts organised by 
 Jullien and others. 
 
 Menzies, Daniel, amateur composer and 
 violinist, was born about 1790, and died 
 about 1828. He was a captain in the army. 
 He composed a number of good strathspeys, 
 which are contained in the collections of 
 Duncan M'Kercher. 
 
 Merbeck, John. See Marbeck, John. 
 
 Meredith, Edward, bass singer, born 
 near Wrexham in 1741. He was discovered 
 by Sir W. Wynn singing in a cooper's work- 
 shop, and was by that baronet put with 
 singing masters and properly trained. He 
 had a very fine voice and sang at the Ancient 
 Concerts in London, but was chiefly identified 
 with Liverpool, where he sang at all the 
 principal concerts. He died at Wrexham, 
 December 26, 1809. 
 
 Merriott, Edwin, composer, of first half 
 of the present century. He compiled " Select 
 portions of the Psalms of David, with original 
 melodies. .. .sung at Farnham and Basing- 
 stoke " [1826]. Composer of a large number 
 of marches for militar}' band or pf., among 
 which may be mentioned a once popular one 
 in imitation of a band in the distance [1835]. 
 The success of this led to the composition of 
 many other marches — Circassian, Coronation, 
 etc., issued between 1835 and 1840. He also 
 
280 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MERRYLEES. 
 
 published Drawing Room Melodies, London, 
 [1838] ; Progressive Exercises for the pf. 
 [1838] ; Progressive Lessons for the pf. [1826- 
 1836]. Songs, etc. 
 
 Merrylees, James, amateur composer, 
 born at Paisley, April 10, 1824. He studied 
 music under John Curwen and Colin Brown, 
 and gained the Euing silver and gold medals 
 for the best hymn tune and anthem, in com- 
 petition, in 1871-72. He died at Dullatur, 
 Dumbartonshire (detached), October 31, 1891. 
 Editor of the accompaniments in " The 
 Thistle," a collection of Scots music compiled 
 by Colin Brown. He also arranged for four 
 voices, Stewart's " Killin Collection of Gaelic 
 Melodies." His compositions were chiefly 
 part-songs, anthems, and hymn tunes, such 
 as "Atlantic," "Formosa," etc. 
 
 Metcalfe, Rev. Joseph Powell, mu- 
 sician and clergyman, born at Canterbury in 
 1824. He was educated at Cambridge, and 
 graduated B.A., 1847 ; M.A., 1850. Ordained 
 in 1847. Rector of Bilbrough, Yorkshire, 
 1856. 
 
 Works. — School Round Book. Rules in 
 Rhymes and Rounds. Metrical Anthems. 
 Rounds, Catches, and Canons of England 
 (with E. F. Rimbault), London, 1873. Con- 
 tributions to ^Musical Literature, etc. 
 
 Middleton, Edward Hulton, organist, 
 horn at Failsworth, near IManchester, Febru- 
 ary 26, 1858. Articled pupil of J. Kendrick 
 Pyne ; also studied under James Pattinson, 
 Dr. H. Watson, and Henrv Wilson. F.R.C.O. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1884 ; Mus. Doc, 1887, 
 Cambridge. Organist of St. Mary's, Higher 
 Crumpsall, Manchester, 1880 ; Professor of 
 Music, Wesley College, Sheffield, 1883; and 
 from 1889 organist and choirmaster, Kelvin- 
 side Free Church, Glasgow. Has given organ 
 recitals at Edinburgh Exhibition, 1890, etc., 
 and has composed a Cantate Domino, and Te 
 Deum, for soli, chorus, and orchestra. 
 
 Midgley, Samuel, pianist, born at Bier- 
 ley, near Bradford, Yorkshire, December 22, 
 1849. His father played the violin, and was 
 sometime choirmaster at Bethel Chapel, Bier- 
 ley. The son had his first organ appointment 
 at this chapel, and held the like at Salem 
 Chapel, and Tong Street Church. He studied 
 for a time under James Broughton, and 
 afterwards proceeded to Leipzig, where he 
 studied under Reinecke, Papperitz, Oscar 
 Paul, and others. At the public examination, 
 Easter, 1874, he distinguished himself in the 
 performance of Bennett's F minor Concerto. 
 On his return he settled at Bradford, and gave 
 his first chamber concert, September 23, 1874. 
 He has given annual series of these ever since, 
 and brought forward many important works 
 by Party, Stanford, Mackenzie, Prout, Ashton, 
 and others, besides compositions of Bemiett, 
 Westrop, etc. He is conductor of Cleckheaton 
 
 MILLAR. 
 
 Philharmonic Society ; pianist at the Ilkley 
 subscription concerts ; and accompanist at 
 the Bradford subscription concerts, and writer 
 of the analytical programmes for the same. 
 Examiner for the Incorporated Society of 
 Musicians ; and local representative, R.A.M., 
 and R.C.M. In 1888 he married Henrietta 
 ToMLiNSON, a soprano vocalist, who has sung 
 in oratorio and ballad concerts throughout 
 Yorkshire and adjoining counties, and has 
 also been heard in London, with her sister, 
 Marion Tomlinson, an excellent contralto. 
 
 Miles, P. Napier, amateur composer of 
 present time. Pupil of Dr. Hubert Parry. 
 His setting cf Coleridge's ' ' Hymn before 
 sunrise," for baritone solo, chorus, and orch- 
 estra, was produced at the Bristol Festival, 
 October 15, 1896. He has also composed a 
 Symphonic Suite for orchestra, produced at 
 Riseley's concerts, Bristol ; and a Sonata in 
 B minor, for violin and pf., Bristol, 1892. 
 
 Miles, R. E., bass vocalist, born in Roch- 
 ester, May 24, 1857. At the age of nine, 
 entered the Cathedral as a chorister, remain- 
 ing there five years. Then for a time was 
 tutor and musical instructor in the family of 
 Captain Malcolm, R.E. Afterwards entered 
 R.A.M., as a pupil of Alberto Randegger. In 
 1881, appointed choirmaster of St. IMark's, 
 Lewisham ; and in 1886, elected to the choir 
 of St. Paul's Cathedral, both of which positions 
 he still retains. Appointed by Sir G. A. 
 Macfarren, professor of singing, R.A.M., 1884. 
 Professor, Guildhall School, 1896. Has sung 
 in oratorio at the principal concerts ; at the 
 Crystal Palace, and Royal Albert Hall, etc., 
 and is a successful teacher of singing. Of 
 his compositions, church services, and many 
 songs are in MS., but he has published a few 
 songs. The Stars are with the voyager, The 
 language of the heart, etc. ; also a leaflet, 
 " How to Sing a Song." 
 
 Milgrove, Benjamin, composer, born 
 probably at Bath about 1731. He was pre- 
 centor of the Coiintess of Huntingdon's chapel, 
 Bath, and died in 1810. Composer of Church 
 music, and of " Sixteen hymns as they are 
 sung at the Right Honourable the Countess of 
 Huntingdon's Chapel in Bath " [1769] . 
 
 Millar, Marian, pianist and writer, born 
 in Manchester. Studied under Dr. Hiles, 
 and gained First Class honours, with dis- 
 tinction, in Cambridge University higher 
 local examinations in music, 1884 ; and the 
 Professional Diploma (in pf. playing) of the 
 Incorporated Society of IMusicians, with First 
 Class honours, 1886. Though not the first of 
 her sex to i)ass the Examination for a Degree 
 in Music at an English University — vide 
 Elizabeth Stirling, 1856 ; Adelaide Thomas, 
 and Emilie B. Grant, 1892,— Miss Millar has 
 the distinction of being the first woman to 
 obtain the degree of Mus. Bac, — at Victoria 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 281 
 
 MILLAR. 
 
 University, Manchester, June, 1894. She is 
 professor of harmony and pf. at the Man- 
 chester High School for Girls, an appoint- 
 ment held from 1884. Her degree exercise 
 was "A Song of Praise," for soli, chorus, and 
 small orchestra. She wrote the libretto of 
 "The Crusaders" (Dr. Hiles), and "The 
 Armada " (G. J. Miller) ; and contributed 
 many articles and translations to The Quarterly 
 Musical Revieiv (ilanchester, Heywood, 1885- 
 8), with some lyrical pieces. 
 
 Millar, Samuel, trombonist of present 
 time. He has made a special feature of music 
 for trombone and organ, and has frequently 
 played at the recitals given by H. J. B. Dart 
 (q.v-)- He is also known as a trombone 
 soloist at concerts, and he plaj'ed Ferdinand 
 David's Concerto for trombone at the College 
 Hall, Richmond Green, November 20, 1884. 
 He is professor of the trombone at the R.C.M. 
 
 Millard, Rev. James Elwin, headmaster 
 of ]\Iagdalene College School, Oxford. Vicar 
 of Basingstoke ; Canon of Winchester. Author 
 of " Historical Notices of the Office of 
 Choristers," London, 1848. Account of Bas- 
 ingstoke and other works. 
 
 Millard, Mrs. Philip, vocal composer, 
 of first part of the present century. She 
 wrote a number of songs, of which "Alice 
 Gray" (1835) was perhaps the most popular. 
 Other songs were Dinna forget ; Forget thee 
 my Susie ; Happy New Year ; Lament of the 
 Scotch fisherman's widow ; Soldier's return, 
 etc. 
 
 Millard, William, musician, of early part 
 of this century, issued "The Branch, com- 
 prising Fortv Psalm and Hvmn tunes," Lon- 
 don [1810]." 
 
 Miller, Agnes Elizabeth, pianist, born 
 at Brierley Hill, Staffs., April 20, 1857. From 
 the age of eleven she studied under Mrs. W. 
 P. Marshall, of Birmingham (a pupil of !Mos- 
 cheles). In 1873, she went to Mainz, studying 
 ^^nder Beyschlag ; and in 1876, was admitted 
 to the Royal High School for Music, Berlin, 
 where her teachers were Rudorff, Bargiel, 
 Franz Schutz, and, for history, Spitta. She 
 played at the semi-public concerts, and had 
 the privilege of teaching two daughters of 
 Dr. Joachim. In 1879 she returned to England, 
 and established herself as a pf. teacher in 
 London, giving some time to pupils in Bir- 
 mingham. At the Saturday Popular Concerts, 
 1884, and in the provinces, she was associated 
 with Joachim. Made her debut at the Crystal 
 Palace, March 7, 1885, playing Beethoven's 
 C Minor Concerto. Gave annual series of 
 chamber concerts in Birmingham, 1883-91, 
 and gained an honourable position among 
 pianists of the day. Married Herr Schauen- 
 hurg, a German engineer, and in 1891 went 
 to reside at Berlin. 
 
 Miller, Alexander, military bandmaster. 
 
 MILLER. 
 
 entered the service in 1833, in the First Bat- 
 talion, Rifle Brigade. Served in Kaffir wars 
 of 1846 and 1850; in the Crimea, 1854-5. 
 Afterwards bugle-major and bandmaster, 
 Edinburgh Queen's Light Infantry ; appointed 
 Queen's trumpeter, 1862 ; bandmaster First 
 INIidlothian Artillery Volunteers, 1878. This 
 band, iinder his skill and zealous labours 
 became one of the foremost in Edinburgh. 
 Owing to ill-health he resigned this appoint- 
 ment in April, 1891, and died early in the 
 winter of 1892-3. 
 
 Miller, Edward, Scottish musician, of 
 the early part of the 17th century, who was a 
 teacher at Edinburgh. He graduated M.A. 
 at Edinburgh University in 1624, and has 
 been identified as a teacher who taught 
 children in Blackfriars Wynd, Edinburgh. 
 He is best remembered as editor of "The 
 Psalmes of David, in prose and meeter, with 
 their whole tunes in foiire or mo parts, and 
 some psalmes in reports . . . ," Edinburgh : 
 heirs of Andrew Hart, 1635. The preface to 
 this work is signed " E.M.," and Miller has 
 been proved to have been the editor. 
 
 Miller, Edward, composer and writer, was 
 born at Norwich in 1735. He was apprenticed 
 to a paviour, but absconded and studied music 
 under Burney at Lynn. Organist of Church 
 of Doncaster, 1750-1807. Mus. Doc, Cantab., 
 1786. He died at Doncaster, September 12, 
 1807. 
 
 Works. — Six solos for German flute ; Six 
 sonatas for the harpsichord, with an accom- 
 paniment to three of them for a violin or 
 German flute ; Elegies, songs, and an ode, 
 with instrumental parts; Twelve songs, 1773; 
 Psalms of David, for the use of Parish 
 Churches, London [1790], edited by G. H. 
 Drummoud ; Sacred music, containing 250 of 
 the most favourite tunes, .the music selected 
 and adapted for two, three, and four voices, 
 and intended as an appendix to Dr. Watts' 
 Psalms and Hymns, 1802; Psalms and hymns 
 set to new music, 1801. Institutes of Music 
 or Easy Instructions for the Harpsichord, 
 London, n.d. [1771] ; Elements of Thorough- 
 bass and Composition, London, op. 5, 1787 ; 
 The Psalms of David set to music, and 
 arranged for every Sunday in the year, 1774 ; 
 Treatise of Thorough-bass and Composition, 
 Dublin, n.d.; History of Doncaster, Don- 
 caster, 1804. 
 
 Miller, George John, bandmaster and 
 composer, born at Pimlico, London, Novem- 
 ber 26, 1853. He comes of a military family, 
 his grandfather fought at Salamanca, and his 
 father was bandmaster of the 03rd (Manches- 
 ter) Regiment. In this corps young Miller 
 began his musical career. He afterwards be- 
 came assistant in Alfred ]\Iai:)leson's Music 
 Library, and then enlisting in the 16th Regi- 
 ment, he was sent to Kneller Hall to study. 
 
282 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MILLER. 
 
 While there he trained the choir at St. Ste- 
 phen'.s Mission Cliurch, Houuslow, and was 
 organist at Wliitton Parish Cliurch. In 1875 
 he was appointed bandmaster of the IGtli 
 (Bedfordshire) Regiment, and went to India. 
 Returning, he was made bandmaster and 
 organist of the Royal Military College, Sand- 
 hurst, 1880 ; and in 1884 became bandmaster 
 of the Portsmouth Division, Royal IMariues, 
 L.R.A.M., 1882; Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1892. 
 His band is famed all over the Empire, a; d 
 he frequently has to conduct at Osborne, etc. 
 He also conducts an amateur operatic bociety, 
 and the Minnesingers glee club. His compo- 
 sitions comprise a cantata, The Armada ; con- 
 cert overture, Evangeline ; Nautical fantasia, 
 and many original pieces and arrangements 
 for military and string bands ; an operetta, 
 etc. He also composed the funeral march for 
 the obsequies of Prince Henry of Battenberg, 
 1896. Editor (with Franc^ois Cellier) of The 
 Soldier's Song Book, London, Clowes, 1897. 
 
 Miller, Henry Walter, composer, organ- 
 ist, and writer on music, born in London, June 
 15, 1843, son of the late Rev. Dr. Miller, Vicar 
 of Greenwich. Educated at Oxford, where lie 
 graduated Mus. Bac, 18G5; B.A., 1868; M.A., 
 1875. Musical training private. Organist of 
 Hobart Cathedral, and Examiner to the 
 Government of Tasmania, 1885 ; Conductor 
 to the Brisbane Musical Union, and Ipswich 
 (Queensland) Choral Society, 1887. Organist 
 of the American Episcopal Church, Nice, 
 1894. In 1874 he initiated the Tallis Memo- 
 rial Fund, for placing a Brass in Greenwich 
 Parish Church, which was accomplished in 
 1876. 
 
 Works. — The Seasons, for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra ; Cantata, Paradise and the Peri ; 
 Jubilee Prize Ode (Queensland), for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra. Duo Concertaute, 
 organ and trombone. Anthems, songs, organ, 
 and pf. pieces. Author of "Notes on Old 
 English Music," London, 1875, and magazine 
 articles; Editor of the "Gregorian Quarterly 
 Magazine," 1883. 
 
 Miller, James, friend of Burns the poet, 
 and reputed composer of the air usually sung 
 to "Ye Banks and Braes o' Bonnie Doon." 
 He was a writer in Edinburgh, and a friend 
 of Stephen Clarke (q.i\), who put the tune 
 into shape. Burns' account of the origin of 
 the air will be found in his corre3pondence 
 vyith George Thomas. See also Chappell's 
 " Popular Music of the olden time," and 
 Glen's " Scottish Dance Music," 1891. The 
 tune was first published in Gow's second col- 
 lection as " The Caledonian Hunt's delight." 
 in 1788. 
 
 Miller, William, organist and author, 
 was born in 1809. He was the first organist 
 of the Sacred Harmonic Society, London, 
 and held the post for 14 years. From 1832 
 
 MILLS. 
 
 till 1873 he was organist of St. Giles', Cripple- 
 gate, London, in which he took much interest 
 and was active in raising funds for its restora- 
 tion. He died at London, June 25, 1873. 
 Author of a history of St. Giles' Church ; a 
 little brochure, entitled, " Jottings in Kent," 
 etc. 
 
 Miller, William Mackie, teacher and 
 conductor, was born at Glasgow, October 21, 
 1831. Conductor of Tonic Sol-fa Society, 
 and late principal of a College of Music. 
 He was Precentor of Free St. Matthew's 
 Church, Glasgow, and superintendent of 
 music in the Glasgow Board Schools from 
 1873. He died at Glasgow, February 3, 1894. 
 He edited a few works by Handel, in the 
 tonic sol-fa notation, and wrote a " Tonic 
 Sol-fa Flute Instructor," Edinburgh, n.d., 
 and other works designed for instruction iii 
 the tonic sol-fa notation. 
 
 Mills, Edward, organist and teacher, 
 was a choir boy at Portman Chapel, Maryle- 
 bone, and played the organ at the afternoon 
 services at St. James's, Marylebone. Student, 
 teacher, and eventually organist and music 
 master, St. John's College, Battersea ; White- 
 land's College, Chelsea ; and Home and 
 Colonial College, Gray's Inn Road. Gradu- 
 ated ]\Ius. Bac, Oxford, 1881 his exercise 
 being a setting of Psalm 32. He has pub- 
 lished a Course of Sight Singing. 
 
 Mills, ReVo John, Ieuan Glan Alarch, 
 musician and clergyman, born at Llanidloes, 
 December 12, 1812 ; died July 28, 1873. 
 Author of " Gramadeg cerddoriaeth yn 
 nghyda geirlyfr enwedigaethol yn cynwys 
 eglurhad ar y geiriau annghynefin a arferir 
 yn y Gwaith," Llanidloes, 1838. 
 
 Richard Mills, born near Llanidloes in 
 March, 1809; died in September, 1844, wrote 
 " Caniadan Seion, sef casgliad a donau addas 
 i'w canu yn yr addoliad dwyfol. . ." Llanid- 
 loes, 1840-42, 2 parts. 
 
 Mills, John Henry, musician, published 
 "A Selection of Sacred Poetry, set to music," 
 London, 1860. "A Selection of Sacred 
 Poetry for private and congregational use, 
 set to music," l<ondon, 1862. 
 
 Mills, Robert Watkin, baritone vocalist, 
 born at Painswick, Gloucestershire, March 4, 
 1856. Sang in the church choir there as a 
 boy. A baritone voice developing, he was in 
 request at local concerts. He then went to 
 London, and studied under Edwin Holland, 
 afterwards proceeding to Milan, he studied 
 with S. Blasco ; and on his return to London 
 had some lessons from Alfred Blume. He 
 made a successful cUhut at the Crystal 
 Palace, May 17, 1884, and a still greater 
 impression in the " ]\Iessiah," at the Royal 
 Albert Hall, January 1, 1885. He then sang 
 at the Monday and Saturday Popular Con- 
 certs, and made his first Festival appearance 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 283 
 
 MILLS. 
 
 at Birmingham, in August of the same year. 
 In 1886 he was heard at the Gloucester and 
 Leeds Festivals, and took his place among 
 the first singers of the day, singing at every 
 important centre in the Kingdom. From 
 1894, he has made annual tours in Canada 
 and the United States, singing at Festivals, 
 and giving vocal recitals. He made one 
 appearance in opera, at Birmingham Theatre 
 Royal, as Baldassare, in " La Favorita," 
 May 21, 1884, but declined Mr. Carl Rosa's 
 offer of an extended engagement, devoting 
 himself to concert work, and oratorio singing. 
 
 Mills, Sebastian Bach, pianist, com- 
 poser, and teacher, born at Cirencester, 
 March 13, 1839. He studied music at Leip- 
 zig, and settled in New York, 1858. He 
 played in London as an infant prodigy in 
 1845, and at the Gewmdhaus Concerts, Leip- 
 zig, December 2, 1858. Teacher and com- 
 poser in New York. He has published 
 numerous pieces for the pf., and is regarded 
 as one of the leadmg pianists in America. 
 
 Milne, Peter, violinist and composer, was 
 born at Kincardine O'Neil, Aberdeenshire, Sep- 
 tember .30, 1824. He was a violinist in Aber- 
 deen and Edinburgh. Compiler of a "Selection 
 of strathspeys, reels, etc....," Keith, n.d. 
 This work has reached at least 5 editions. 
 
 Milner, Abraham, musician of the 18th 
 century. Compiler of " The Psalm Singer's 
 Companion, being a collection of psalm tunes, 
 hymns, canons, and anthems, .with an intro- 
 duction to psalmody. . ," 1751. " The Psalm 
 Singer's Pocket Amusement, being a collection 
 of psalm tunes..," London [1750]. A Col- 
 lection, Revival and Refining (from the more 
 gross and obscene songs) of the old catch 
 books, together with a variety of two and 
 three-part songs from the most eminent 
 masters," London [1750]. Sacred Melody, 
 being a choice collection of anthems....," 
 London [1780]. 
 
 Milnes, George, alto vocalist, born at 
 York (?) about 1815. Sang in the chorus at 
 the York Festivals of 1823-5-8, and 1835, in 
 the last year removing to Huddersfield. 
 Member of several chui'ch choirs in that town ; 
 one of the founders of the Huddersfield 
 Choral Society ; and principal alto at the 
 George Glee Club in its best davs. He died 
 at Huddersffeld, No\ ember 25, 1883. 
 
 Milton, John, musician, who was born 
 about the end of the 16th century. Scrivener 
 in Bread Street, Cheapside, London, where 
 he died in 1646. Composed " Fayre Oriana 
 in the Morne," madrigal, and numerous songs 
 and motets in the principal collections of the 
 period. His merits as a musician are celebra- 
 ted in a short poem, "Ad patrem," by his 
 son, the great poet, whose works have been 
 set by numerous composers, like Handel, 
 Lawes, King, Nelson, and others. 
 
 MITCHISON. 
 
 Minns, George, tenor vocalist, lay-clerk 
 of Ely Cathedral, won the Molineux Prize of 
 £10 offered by the Madrigal Society, in 1882, 
 for the best madrigal. He has published a 
 Rustic Dance ; Tarantella ; and other pieces 
 for pf. 
 
 Minshall, Ebenezer, organist and con- 
 ductor, born at Oswestry, Salop, in 1845. 
 Intended for the law, but, adopting music, 
 became organist, when 16, at Leatherhead 
 Congregational Church ; then took a similar 
 appointment in Oswestry ; and removing to 
 London in 1874, was organist at Uxbridge 
 Road Chapel. In 1876 he was appointed 
 organist and director of the music at the City 
 Temple, where he remained until 1893. In 
 1881 he started the Thursday Popular Concerts 
 in that building. He is Chairman of the 
 Nonconformist Choir Union, formed in 1888, 
 and conductor of its annual festivals at the 
 Crystal Palace ; has lectured on musical 
 subjects ; and is the composer of anthems, 
 hymn tunes, etc. Editor of The Nonconform- 
 ist Musical Journal; Organists' Magazine of 
 Voluntaries ; and Modern Organ IMusic. 
 Author of "Organs, Organists, and Choirs," 
 London, Curwen. 
 
 Mitchell, C. H., author of "How to hold 
 a violin and bow," 1882. 
 
 Mitchell, Helen Porter, see Armstrong, 
 Helen Porter. 
 
 Mitchell, James, author and inventor, 
 born at Kilmarnock, April 19, 1834. Resi- 
 dent at Coatbridge. Inventor of an improved 
 metronome, and author of a work on Musical 
 Theory, illustrated b}^ diagrams, 1878. 
 
 Mitchell, John, bass vocalist. Entered 
 the choir at St. George's Chapel, Windsor, in 
 1815, when six years of age. Sang at the 
 Coronation of George IV., William IV., and 
 Queen Victoria ; also sang at the Jubilee 
 Service, Westminster Abbey, June 21, 1887. 
 In that year Her Majesty presented him 
 with an engraved portrait of herself in recog- 
 nition of his long musical service. He 
 completed his 75th year with the chapel 
 choir. May 1890 ; and died in the Horseshoe 
 Cloisters, Windsor Castle. January 6, 1892, 
 aged 82. He was organist of Eton College 
 for about 40 years. 
 
 Mitchison' William, musician and pub- 
 lisher, was born about 1809. He was a 
 music publisher in Glasgow till about 1854, 
 when he went to America. He died at 
 Brooklyn, July 1, 1867. He issued The 
 Psalmist's Companion, a collection of devo- 
 tional harmony for the use of Presbyterian 
 Churches, selected from the works of Steven, 
 Robertson, R. A. Smith, etc., Glasgow, n.d. 
 [c. 1843]. A few Remarks on the Pianoforte, 
 giving details of the mechanical construction 
 of that instrument, etc., Glasgow, 1845. 
 Selection of Sacred Music, n.d. R. A. 
 
284 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MOBERLY. 
 
 Smith's anthems, edited Glasgow, n.d. The 
 Garland of Scotia, 1841. Handbook of the 
 Songs of Scotland, with music and descrip- 
 tive historical notes ... to which is added a 
 biographical sketch of the life of the late 
 John Wilson, the celebrated Scottish vocalist, 
 Glasgow, n.d. 
 
 Moberly, Rev. E. H., amateur con- 
 ductor, born at Winchester, October 20, 1849. 
 Son of the late Bishop of Salisbury. Self- 
 educated in music. Brought up for the 
 church, and took orders; but gave up clerical 
 work about 1887. and devoted himself en- 
 tirely to music. In 1885, he formed a 
 musical society in Hampshire, the Test 
 Valley ; and later a similar one in North 
 Wilts. Prom about 1885 he has given con- 
 certs for charitable purposes with a Ladies' 
 String Orchestra, which has now attained a 
 high reputation. He visited London with 
 the orchestra in 1892, and gave a concert in 
 Princes' Hall, May 19 ; and again at St. James's 
 Hall, ill 1893, and later. The orchestra has 
 been heard in Oxford, Birmingham, and 
 other places. 
 
 Moffat, Alfred Edward, composer, born 
 in Edinburgh, December 4, 1866. From 1882 
 to 1888 studied composition with Ludwig 
 Bussler in Berlin. Since 1889, he has resided 
 partly in Germany and partly in Britain, de- 
 voting himself entirely to composition and 
 arrangements of various kinds, many of his 
 works being published in Germany. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : The Passing Year ; 
 The Dressing of the Well ; The Children of 
 Samuel ; A Christmas Dream ; all for female 
 or children's voices. Album of ten trios for 
 female voices ; Pastoral album, two books, 
 duets; Twelve duets; Six duettinos; Three 
 duets, with female chorus ; Twelve sacred 
 rounds ; Eight books of school songs, etc. 
 Two songs, with violoncello obligato ; Four 
 songs, etc., etc. Arrangements : The Min- 
 strelsie of Scotland (200 Scottish songs, 
 Augener) ; Twelve Scottish songs, in three 
 parts ; Folksongs of England, eight books 
 (Paterson) ; Songs of the British Empire, 
 etc., etc. Instrumental : Quartet, pf. and 
 strings (Berlin, 1886) ; Twenty-four pieces 
 (Simrock) ; Album of twelve pieces (Augener) ; 
 Album of six pieces, etc., all for violin and 
 pf. Twelve salon pieces. Twelve pieces, 
 Sonata, for violoncello and pf., etc. Arrange- 
 ments for pf. and strings : Golden Sonata, 
 Purcell ; Thirty-two classical pieces (Schott); 
 Nine pieces (Breitkopf and Hiirtel), etc. 
 For pf. and violin : Three sonatas (oboe and 
 figured bass), Handel ; Album of twelve 
 pieces, etc. For pf. and violoncello : Two 
 albums, twenty-four pieces ; Lyrische stiicke, 
 ten pieces ; and a large number of pieces by 
 Handel and Marcello. Thirty Highland reels 
 and strathspeys, arranged for pf., etc. 
 
 MOLINEUX. 
 
 Mogford, Mrs. See Fricker, Anne. 
 
 Moir, Frank Lewis, composer, born at 
 Market Harborough, April 22, 1852. Origin- 
 ally intended to follow his father's art, that 
 of painting, but began composing music while 
 an art student at Soutli Kensington. He 
 gained a scholarship when the National Train- 
 ing School for jMusic was opened in 1876, and 
 soon acquired a reputation as a song composer. 
 His works include a comic opera, " The Royal 
 Watchman," Exeter, 1877 ; Church Services, 
 etc. One Summer night ; The wish of my 
 heart ; The story of years ; The Golden Mea- 
 dow ; Only once more ; Best of all ; and an 
 immense number of other songs ; Duets, Over 
 the Heather ; Love shall never die ; and others. 
 ]\Iadrigal Society's Prize, 1881, When at 
 Chloe's eyes I gaze ; Melody in A, violin and 
 pf., etc. He married, April 5, 1886, Miss 
 Eleanor Farnol, of Birmingham. She is 
 a soprano vocalist, and studied under W. 
 C. Stockley, and at the National Training 
 School. She has sung in London and the 
 provinces, and has taken j^art in the vocal re- 
 citals given by her husband. 
 
 Moir=Clark, see Clark, J. Moir. 
 
 Molesworth, Lady, bo7-n Carstairs, a 
 soprano singer who was born about 1810. Her 
 father was Bruce Carstairs. She studied at 
 the R.A.M., and first appeard at a singer under 
 the professional name of Miss Grant. In 1831 
 she married Mr. Temple West, the virtuoso, 
 who died in 1839. She next married Sir 
 William Molesworth in 1844, and retired from 
 public life. She died on May 16, 1888. 
 
 Molineux, John, musician and author, of 
 latter part of last and first-half of present 
 century, who resided for a time in Liverpool, 
 where he had a music academy at Newington 
 Bridge. Author of "The Singer's Systematic 
 Guide to the Science of Music," London, 1831 ; 
 " Concise Collection of the rudiments of Vocal 
 Music, intended to assist persons who practice 
 glees or church music, in the art of singing at 
 sight," London [1830]. "English Psalmody, 
 domestic, choral, and congregational, being 
 a collection of sacred music," [1829]. "The 
 Venite, Te Deum, Benedicite, etc., properly 
 accented and adapted to favourite chants," 
 Liverpool. An Essay towards an elucidation 
 of the principles of musical harmony, London 
 [1841]. Principles of the notation and the 
 science of music. .. .London [1844]. Songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Molineux, Thomas, born in Manchester, 
 September 16, 1802. Before he became known 
 as a pf. maker, was a practical musician. 
 While a youth he studied the flute, and later 
 acquired skill on the violin, 'cello, and double- 
 bass. He was still more accomplished as a 
 performer on the bassoon, and played at the 
 Gentleman's, Professional, and other concerts 
 in Manchester up to about 1850. He was 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 285 
 
 MOLLESON. 
 
 officially connected with St. James's Hall, 
 and the Polytechnic Institution, London ; 
 and will be remembered for his munificent 
 gifts to the Royal Society of Musicians. He 
 died in London, January, 31, 1891. 
 
 Molleson, Alexander, Scottish minor 
 poet, was a bookseller in Glasgow at the end 
 of last and beginning of the present century. 
 Author of "Melody the soul of Music, an 
 essay towards the improvement of the Mu- 
 sical Art," Glasgow, 1798 ; reprinted in his 
 "Miscellanies in Prose and Verse," Glasgow, 
 1806. 
 
 MoIIoy, James Lyman, amateur com- 
 poser and writer, born in 1837. Eldest son 
 of Kedo Molloy, Esq., of Cornolore, King's 
 County, Ireland. IM.A., of the Roman Catholic 
 University of Ireland. Called to the English 
 bar, 1864. Married Florence, youngest daugh- 
 ter of Henry Baskerville, Esq., of Crowsley 
 Park, Lord of the Manor of Shiplake, and 
 deputy-lieutenant for the County of Oxford. 
 Secretary to the late Sir John Holker, at- 
 torney-general. Member of the South-Eastern 
 Circuit, and Brighton Sessions, and of the 
 Middle Temple, etc. 
 
 Works. — OpcrMas : Student's frolic ; My 
 Aunt's secret ; Very catching. Songs : Blue 
 eyes ; Because I do ; By the river ; Bird and 
 the cross; Child's vision ; Clang of the wooden 
 shoon ; Love's old sweet song; Darby and 
 Joan ; Home, dearie, home ; Rosemarie ; Old 
 Sailor wife ; Irish piper ; Thady O'Flinn ; 
 The carnival ; Kerry dance ; A race for life ; 
 Vagabond ; and many others. Six Song 
 Stories for children. Irish melodies (Boosey), 
 edited with new accompaniments. Prose 
 work : Our Autumn Holiday on French 
 Rivers. 
 
 Monk, Edwin George, organist and 
 composer, born at Fronie, Somerset, Decenrber 
 13, 1819. Pupil of Henry and George Field ; 
 later, in London, joined Hullah's classes, and 
 studied singing with Henry Phillips. Held 
 organ appointments at INIidsomer Norton ; 
 Christ Church, Frome ; and, 1844-46, at St. 
 Columba's College, Rathfarnham, near Dub- 
 lin, Then studied composition under G. A. 
 Macfarren. In 1847 he was in Oxford ; and 
 the next year was appointed organist and 
 music master at St. Peter's College, Radlev. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1848 ; Mus. Doc, 1856, 
 Oxford. In 1859 he was appointed organist 
 of York ]\Iinster, in succession to John Cam- 
 idge, an office he resigned in 1888. Examiner 
 for musical degrees, Oxford, 1871-83. Now 
 resident at Radley, near Abingdon. 
 
 Works. — Milton's Ode to the Nativity ; 
 Ode, The Bard. Unison service in A ; Evening 
 service ; God so loved the world, and other 
 anthems ; hymn-tunes, etc. Boating song ; 
 Football song ; The jolly cricket ball ; and 
 other part-songs. Editor of the Anglican 
 
 MONK. 
 
 Chant Book ; Anglican Choral Service Book ; 
 with Rev. R. Corbett Singleton, Anglican 
 Hymn Book ; and, with Rev. Sir F. A. G. 
 Ouseley, The Psalter and Canticles pointed 
 for chanting ; and Anglican Psalter Chants. 
 Compiler of the libretti of G. A. Macfarren's 
 oratorios, St. John the Baptist ; The Resur- 
 rection ; and Joseph. 
 
 His youngest brother, Henry Theophidus 
 Monk, born at Frome, March 6, 1831, studied 
 under his brother, and afterwards under C. 
 W. Lavington and (Sir) G. A. INIacfarren. 
 He was successivelv organist at Wells ; Rad- 
 ley, Berks.; and St. Philip's Church, Shef- 
 field. Music master and organist at Forest 
 Schools, Walthamstow. He was unfortvmately 
 drowned while bathing in North Wales, July 
 23, 1857, at the outset of a promising career. 
 He composed some chants and other vocal 
 music. 
 
 Monk, James Jonathan, organist, com- 
 poser, and teacher, born at Bolton-le-Moors, 
 February 20, 1846. Studied under James 
 Thomson, and Dr. Westbrook. Has held 
 various organ appointments in the neighbour- 
 hood of Liverpool, where he resides as teacher. 
 Gave organ recitals at the Liverpool Exhi- 
 bition, 1887 ; and annual concerts of his pupils. 
 Has acted as musical critic for the Liverpool 
 Courier, and Liverpool Evening Express; has 
 been for many years the local correspondent 
 for the Musical Standard ; and has contri- 
 buted to The Choir articles on the St. George's 
 Hall organ, and other local matters. His 
 compositions include a Te Deum ; Festival 
 anthem, be joyful in God. Ah ! thou pale 
 moon ; True for aye ; Primrose lane ; Oh, 
 give me back those kisses ; and other songs, 
 I met my love, part-song. The Water Mill, 
 pf. piece, etc. A paper read at Liverpool, in 
 1883, led to the Compilation of a Musical 
 Director}- on more distinctly professional lines, 
 in 1884 ; but the experiment was not repeated. 
 
 Monk, Mark James, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Hunmanby, Yorkshire, March 
 16, 1858. Masicall}- educated at York Min- 
 ster, 1867-78, under Dr. E. G. Monk. Organist 
 of various churches in York ; St. John's, 
 Ladvwood, Birmingham, 1879 ; Parish Church, 
 Ashby-de-la-Zouch, 1880 ; Banbury, 1883 ; 
 and of Truro Cathedral from 1890. Diocesan 
 choirmaster, and conductor. Choral festivals ; 
 Precentor of Deanery of Powder Choral As- 
 sociation ; conductor of Truro Philharmonic, 
 1890. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1878; Mus. 
 Doc, 1888, Oxford. F.R.C.O. Composer of 
 an Elegiac Ode (Coplas di Manrique), for soli, 
 five-part chorus, strings and organ ; Festival 
 Te Deum ; Quintet for wind ; ]\Iadrigal for 
 five voices ; pf. and organ pieces, etc. 
 
 Monk, William Henry, composer and 
 organist, born in London, March 16, 1823. 
 He studied under T. Adams, J. A. Hamilton^ 
 
286 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 MONRO. 
 
 and G. A. Griesbach. Organist of Eaton 
 Chapel, Pimlico, London, 1841-43 ; St. George's 
 Chapel, Albemarle Street, 1843-45 ; Portman 
 Chapel, Marylebone, 1845-47. Choir-master, 
 1847 ; organist, 1849 ; and Professor of vocal 
 music in King's College, London, 1874. Pro- 
 fessor of music at School for Indigent Blind, 
 1851. Organist of St. Matthias, Stoke New- 
 ington, 1852. Professor in National Training 
 College for Music, 1876 ; Professor iir Bedford 
 College, London, 1878; Mus. Doc, Durham, 
 honoris causa, 1882. He died at Stoke New- 
 ington, London, March 18, 1889. 
 
 Works. — Te Deums, Kyries, and other 
 works for the church service. Anthems : 
 And the angel Gabriel ; Blessed are they that 
 alway keep judgment ; If ye love me keep my 
 commandments; In God's word will I rejoice ; 
 Like as the hart ; The Lord is my strength ; 
 They shall come and sing, etc. Hymns, 
 psalms, etc. Hymns of the Church, London, 
 n.d. ; The Holy Year, or hymns for Sundays, 
 holidays, and other occasions throughout the 
 year, .with appropriate tunes, London, 1865 ; 
 Fifty-two simple chants ; The Canticles 
 arranged for chanting to the ecclesiastical 
 tones ; The Book of Psalms in Metre (Church 
 of Scotland) ; Scottish Hymnal (edited) ; The 
 Psalter (Church of Scotland) ; Book of An- 
 thems (Church of Scotland), etc. 
 
 Dr. Monk composed many popular hymn 
 tunes, of which " Eventide " is perhaps best 
 known. He also acted as musical editor of 
 " Hymns, Ancient and Modern." His daughter 
 Florence is a soprano vocalist of repute. 
 
 Monro, George, composer and organist, 
 was born about the end of the 17th century. 
 He competed unsuccessfully against T. Rosin- 
 grave for the post of organist of St. George, 
 Hanover Square, London, 1725. Afterwards 
 he became organist of St. Peter, Cornhill, and 
 harpsichord jjlaj^er at Goodman's Fields 
 Theatre. He died at London in 1731. 
 
 Works. — Temple Beau, an opera. Songs : 
 Amorous swain's complaint ; Charm of wine; 
 Complaining maid ; Gold, a receipt for love ; 
 Happy Dick ; Passionate lover ; Song in praise 
 of Polly, etc. Songs in the " Musical Mis- 
 cellany," 1731. 
 
 Monro, Henry, composer and organist, 
 was born at Lincoln in 1774. He was a 
 chorister in Lincoln Cathedral, and studied 
 afterwards under Dussek, D. Corri, and others. 
 In 1796 he became organist of St. Andrew, 
 Newcastle- on -Tyne. Composer of songs, 
 sonatas, and other pf. music. 
 
 Monro, John, composer and pianist, was 
 born at Edinburgh in 1786. He was a music- 
 seller and musician in London, where he died, 
 on March 3, 1851. 
 
 Works. — Selection of English Melodies, the 
 words by J. W. Lake, London [1825] ; Border 
 Ballads, a set of six songs, the poetry by 
 
 MOODY. 
 
 J. E. Carpenter. Songs : Barefooted Friar 
 [1840] ; Come now we are met ; Ellen Aureen 
 [1817] ; IMary, the maid of the green ; My 
 mother's grave ; My Nora ; Sir Hubert's 
 bride; Wert thou like me [1847] , etc. Selec- 
 tion of Country Dances, issued annually, 1817- 
 1834. The Gleaner, or select flute miscellany, 
 2 vols., n.d. Flute Music, 3 vols. A New 
 and Complete Introduction to the art of 
 playing on the Pianoforte [1819]. Also 
 various pf. pieces. 
 
 Montgomery, R., author of " The Voice 
 and vocalisation," London, 1879. 
 
 Montgomery, William Henry, mu- 
 sician, born about 1811 ; died at London, 
 September 13, 1886. He produced an im- 
 mense number of teaching pieces for the 
 pianoforte, and wrote " The Royal Standard 
 Tutor for the Harmonium," London, n.d. 
 Composer of songs and other vocal music, and 
 editor of an edition of ]\Ioore's Irish Melodies. 
 
 Moodie, William, musician and con- 
 ductor, born at Bonhill, Dumbarton, April 
 19, 1833. He was successively conductor of 
 the psalmody in Dumbarton Episcopal 
 Church ; Lansdowne United Presbyterian 
 Church, Glasgow, 1864-77 ; Barony Church, 
 1877-89; Eatt PoUokshields Free Church, 
 1889-92, He also acted as conductor of the 
 Dumbarton Choral Union ; and of the St. 
 George's Choral Union, Glasgow, 1873-81, a 
 society which he founded. He has composed 
 various anthems, songs and part songs, of 
 which last " Willie Wastle " is best known, 
 as well as music for the pf. and various 
 cantatas, etc., in MS. 
 
 Moody, Fanny, soprano vocalist, born at 
 Redruth, Cornwall; daughter of INIr. J. Hawke 
 Moody, of that town. Studied under 
 Madame Sainton-Dolby, and sang at the 
 concerts of her vocal academy ; and at the 
 In Memorianr concert, April 25, 1885. IMade 
 her debut in opera at Liverpool, in February, 
 1887, as Arline, in " The Bohemian Girl," 
 with the Carl Rosa company. Sang in Lon- 
 don and the provinces for soiue time with 
 that company, appearing in a variety of 
 characters. From 1890 she has sung in 
 Italian opera at Covent Garden, and Drury 
 Lane with much success. With her own 
 concert party has given costume recitals of 
 operas at Crystal Palace (1894), and other 
 places ; and has sung at the principal con- 
 certs in Great Britain ; also in Canada, and 
 in South Africa, 1896-7. In 1890, she was 
 married to IMr. Charles INIaniiers (q-v.). The 
 artist pair offered, in 1895, a prize of £100 
 for the best one-act opera, without chorus. 
 This was won by a young composer, Alick 
 Maclean (q.v-), and the opera was produced 
 at Covent Garden, June 29, 1895. 
 
 Moody, Marie, composer of present 
 time. Her published works comprise over- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 287 
 
 IMOONIE. 
 
 tures, King Lear ; Hamlet ; Othello ; Der 
 Sterbende Krieger ; Coucert overtures in E 
 minor, and C major. Adagio and allegretto 
 in D; allegro moderato in D minor, for 
 string quartet. Studies for pf. Anthem, 
 Great Lord of Lords, etc. 
 
 Moonie, James Anderson, conductor 
 and composer, was born at Edinburgh in 
 1853. He studied under Randegger, Welch 
 and Cottell, and has held various church 
 appointments in Edinburgh. Conductor of 
 the Hope Park Musical Association, and of a 
 male voice choir which have performed with 
 great success in Edinburgh. Mr. Moonie 
 holds various appointments in the large 
 public schools of Edinburgh as a teacher of 
 singing Composer of a short cantata, Jeru- 
 salem, my Happy Home. 
 
 Moore, Bertha, soprano vocalist, born at 
 Brighton, January 19, 1862. Studied at the 
 R.A.M. under W. H. Cummings, then took 
 lessons from INIadame Florence Lancia. Sang 
 at Dublin and other places', but made her 
 first great success in " Elijah," at St. James's 
 Hall, London, May 28, 1885. The next year 
 she sang at the Crystal Palace Concerts ; has 
 also appeared at Kuhe's Brighton Festival, 
 1888, and at the Monday Popular Concerts, 
 1891 ; and is now a popular and admired 
 singer. Fond of acting, she has occasionally 
 sung in operetta performances. 
 
 Moore, Qraham Ponsonby, composer 
 and pianist, born at Ballarat, Australia, April 
 14, 1859. Studied at Berlin Conservatorium 
 under Theodor Kullak, and later witli Schar- 
 •wenka and Moszkowski. Making his home 
 in London, he was appointed a professor of 
 pf. at the R.C.M., and is an examiner under 
 the Associated Board of the R.A.M. , and 
 R.C.M. His compositions are chiefly for the 
 pf., and many of them have been played by 
 the leading pianists in this country and in 
 Germany. The principal are : Concertstiicke 
 (after Longfellow's poem, "Seaweed"); 
 Hochzeit im Dorfe, six pieces ; Fiinf Klavier- 
 stiicke, op. 22 ; Chromatische Etiiden ; Ly- 
 rische Tonbilder, op. 25 (10 pieces) ; Ten 
 short and melodious studies, op. 30 ; Twelve 
 poetical studies, op. 31 ; Three nocturnes, 
 op. 32 ; Three archaic dances, op. 33, etc. 
 Author of The Candidates' Practical Scale 
 and Arpeggio Handbooks, London, R. Cocks. 
 
 Moore, Henry Keatley, didactic writer, 
 born at London, In 1846. Studied under Dr. 
 Westbrook. Graduated B.A., 1871; Mus. 
 Bac, 1880, London, being, with the late Dr. 
 W. H. Hunt (q.v.), the first to receive a 
 musical degree at London University. Has 
 been honorary choirmaster of South Place 
 Chapel, Finsbury, and of the Free Christian 
 Church, Croydon ; also trainer, since 1891, of 
 a choir for unaccompanied part-singing. Hon. 
 Treasurer of the Froebel Society, and sonie- 
 
 MOORE. ' 
 
 time Examiner in Music to the same. Co- 
 translator and editor of Froebel's Autobio- 
 graphy, and Letters. Author of The Child's 
 Pianoforte Book; The Child's Song and Game 
 Book, in four parts, London, Swan Sonnen- 
 schein. He has composed some pieces and 
 studies for pf. ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Moore, Reginald Bowerman, organist 
 and conductor, born, October, 1850, at hyine 
 Regis, Dorsetshire, where his father, an 
 excellent musician, was for many years organ- 
 ist of the Parish Church. After receiving 
 some pianoforte lessons from a lady (pupil of 
 Dr. Wesley), Moore was sent at the age of ten 
 to Dr. Mark, of ]\Ianchester, where he remained 
 a year. When fourteen, he became organist 
 of the Parish Church, Uplyme, Devon. In 
 1870 he was appointed to the Congregational 
 Church, Exeter, and three years later to St. 
 Mary Major in that city. During this time 
 he studied with Mr. D. J. Wood, the Cathedral 
 organist, and Dr. H. A. Harding. Became 
 F. CO., 1879, and graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 
 1885. Was conductor of the Historic Madri- 
 gal Society, 1884-7, and from 1886 to the 
 preseiit time has conducted the concerts of 
 the Exeter Orchestral Society. Music-master 
 to the Grammar School, and is honorary local 
 Examiner for R.A.M., and R.C.M. His com- 
 positions comprise Psalm 145, for soli, chorus, 
 and orchestra. Duets, and pieces for pf., 
 organ, etc. 
 
 Moore, Thomas, music teacher, who 
 resided in Manchester about 1740-50. He 
 became resident in Glasgow in latter half of 
 the 18th century, and in June, 1755, became 
 precentor of Blackfriars Church. On Novem- 
 ber 22, 1756, he was appointed by the magis- 
 trates teacher of the free music classes in 
 Hutcheson's Hospital. He was also a book- 
 seller in Princes Street and Stockwell Street, 
 and died in Glasgow about 1792. He compiled 
 " The Psalm-Singer's Divine Companion," 
 Manchester, 1750, 2 vols., of which another 
 edition was issued in the same year as " Psalm- 
 Singer's Compleat Tutor and Divine Com- 
 panion," Manchester, 2 vols. " The Psalm- 
 Singer's Pocket Companion, containing great 
 variety of the best English Psalm-Tunes, 
 suited to the different metres in the Scotch 
 Version of the Psalms of David, set in three 
 and four parts ; likewise all the tunes that 
 are usually sung in most parts of Scotland ; 
 with a plain and easy introduction to Mu- 
 sick . . ," Glasgow, 1756. " The Psalm-Singer's 
 Delightful Pocket Companion. Containing 
 a Plain and Easy Introduction to Psalmody, 
 and an Introduction explaining more at large 
 the grounds of ]\Iusic in general. Illustrated 
 with great variety of Tables, Scales, and 
 Initial Lessons..," Glasgow, n.d. [1762]. 
 The Vocal Concert Glasgow, 1761. 
 
 Moore, Thomas, poet and musician, 
 
288 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MOORE. 
 
 born at Dublin, May 28, 1779; died at Sloper- 
 ton Cottage, near Devizes, February 25, 1852. 
 Best linown as author of " Lalla Rookh," 
 and ntlier poems, and by his "Irish Melodies," 
 which were issued in 1807-34, with accom- 
 paniments by Sir John Stevenson. Of this 
 collection many editions have appeared, 
 among which may be mentioned those edited 
 by Balfe, Bishop, Glover, Macfarren, Mont- 
 gomery, Rimbault, Romer, and Shrivall. 
 Moore composed a " Collection of Vocal 
 Music," London [1820], among which is the 
 Canadian boat-song " Row, brothers, row," 
 originally published in 1805. He wrote the 
 words of "A Selection of Popular National 
 Airs," 1818, 6 parts, and compiled "Evenings 
 in Greece," London, 1831, 2 vols. ; a work of 
 poetry and music. See his " Memoirs and 
 Correspondence," by Lord John Russell. 
 
 Moore, William li., cornet player, 
 composer, and conductor, born in Birmingham, 
 May 7, 1852. Sometime solo cornet in the 
 band of the Theatre Royal, Birmingham. 
 Conductor of the orchestra at the Moseley 
 Botanical Gardens, 1892-5 ; and engaged in 
 principal local orchestral concerts. He has 
 composed an opera, " Rudolph " ; cantatas, 
 " Torfrida," produced, Birmingham, January, 
 1885; "Daniel," 1886. Also a Suite, and 
 Romance for orchestra ; Fair Marguerite ; 
 Queen of my dream ; and other songs, etc. 
 
 Moorehead, John, Irish violinist and 
 composer, who was born about the middle of 
 the 18th century. He was a violinist at the 
 Worcester Festival of 1794, and afterwards 
 played the viola in the orchestra of Sadler's 
 Wells Theatre, London. In 1798 he was 
 violinist at Co vent Garden Theatre, and com- 
 posed music for Sadler's Wells, Covent Garden, 
 and other theatres. About 1802 he became 
 insane, and was confined in Northamptoii 
 House, Clerkenwell. Afterwards he was in 
 the navy for a short time, but in March, 1804, 
 he hanged himself near Deal in a fit of 
 insanity. 
 
 Works. — Music to Plays : Philosopher's 
 stone, 1795 ; Birds of a feather, 1796 ; Naval 
 Pillar, 1799; Volcano, 1799 ; Speed the plough, 
 1799; II BoiKlocani (with Attwood), 1801; 
 Perouse (with Davy), 1801 ; Cabinet (with 
 Davy), 1802; Family quarrels, 1802; Har- 
 lequin Habeas, 1802. Songs : Absence ; Ben 
 and Mary ; Gallant Forty-second ; Traveller's 
 jovs ; Troubadour, etc. Duo concertante for 
 violin (1800), etc. 
 
 His brother, Alexander, was a violinist, 
 and for a time acted as leader at Sadler's 
 Wells Theatre. He died in a lunatic asylum 
 at Liverpool, in 1803. 
 
 Moran, Charles, organist, born December 
 10, 1805. His professional life was spent at 
 Holyhead, where he held office as organist, 
 first at the Church of St. Cybi ; and then, for 
 
 MORGAN. 
 
 nearly 60 years, at the Church of St. Seiriol. 
 On his retirement in December, 1891, he was 
 publicly presented with an address. 
 
 Moreton, John, musician and composer, 
 was born at Birminghana in 1764 ; died in 
 1804. Compiler of "Sacred Melody, being 
 50 psalm and hymn tunes in four parts," 
 London [1796]. 
 
 Another Moreton, James, issued a " Selec- 
 tion of Sacred Music," Longport [1856]. 
 
 Morgan, Edward, musician and writer, 
 author of "New and improved instructor for 
 the German or Anglo-German Concertina," 
 London [1858] ; " Method of learning the 
 Accordion," London [1852] ; "Instructor for 
 the Flutina or Accordion," London [I860]. 
 
 Morgan George Washbourne, organist, 
 born at Gloucester, April 9. 1823. He was a 
 chorus singer in the Gloucester Philharmonic 
 Society in 1834. Articled pupil of John 
 Amott. Held organ appointments in Chel- 
 tenham, 1844 ; at Christ Church, and St. 
 James's, Gloucester ; at South Hackney, 1851 ; 
 and St. Olave's, Southwark. Was an unsuc- 
 cessful candidate for the Worcester Cathedral 
 appointment, in 1845, about which time he 
 was conductor of the Glovicester Philharmonic. 
 In 1853 he settled in Ameiica, and was organist 
 successively of St. Thomas's Episcopal Church, 
 New York ; Grace Church ; St. Stephen's ; 
 and Brooklyn Tabernacle (Dr. Talmage's 
 Church). The last office he held about twelve 
 years. He died at Tacoma, Washington, 
 July, 1892. His compositions included church 
 music, vocal music, miscellaneous pieces for 
 pf. and orchestra, etc. 
 
 Morgan, J. Wilford, tenor vocalist and 
 composer. He has sung in opera in London 
 and the provinces ; in the " Old Guard," and 
 other comic operas, at various times from 
 1872 to 1887. In 1888 he was appointed a 
 professor of singing at the Guildhall School 
 of Music. He is the composer of a cantata, 
 " Christian the Pilgrim " ; and of a number 
 of songs, some of which, as "My Sweetheart 
 when a Boy," have been very popular. 
 
 Morgan, Lady, bom Sydney Owenson, 
 was born in Dublin about 1783. Best known 
 as a novelist, but was distinguished in her 
 day as a harp player and musician. In 1802 
 she published a number of Irish airs to 
 which she had written words, and this was 
 the forerunner of Moore's better known Irish 
 melodies. Apart from her novels she wrote 
 "The tirst Attempt," an opera, Dublin, 
 1807, and " The Lay of the Irish Harp," 
 poems, 1809. In 1812 she inarried Sir 
 Thomas Charles IMorgan, and on April 14, 
 1859, she died at London. 
 
 Morgan, Robert Orlando, pianist and 
 composer, born at Manchester, March 16, 
 1865. Studied at the Guildhall School of 
 Music, where he gained the Merchant Taylors' 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 289 
 
 MORGAN. 
 
 Scholarship, for pf. playing and composition, 
 1883 ; and was awarded the Webster Prize, 
 1884, for a sonata for violin and pf. Ap- 
 pointed professor of harmony, composition 
 and pf. at the school in 1887. In 1893 he 
 won the prize, valued at 65 guineas, offered 
 by the proprietors of The Lute, for the best 
 anthem. At the Grand Concours Interna- 
 tional de Composition Musicale, held at 
 Brussels in 1894, he was awarded the first 
 prize and medal, and two diplomas of honour, 
 for a sonata for pf., and a chorus for mixed 
 voices, with organ accompaniment. He has 
 also composed two cantatas for female voices, 
 *' Zitella," performed at the Guildhall School, 
 July, 1889 ; and " The Legend of Eloisa," 
 both extensively popular ; a church cantata, 
 " The Crown of Thorns." Pieces for or- 
 chestra ; Sonatas for violin and pf. ; many 
 pf. pieces ; songs, part-songs, etc. 
 
 Morgan, Tom Westlake, organist and 
 writer, born at Congnesbury, Somersetshire, 
 August 6, 1869. Chorister, King's College, 
 Cambridge, 1879 ; then pupil of Boyton 
 Smith, at Dorchester. In 1886, organist of 
 St. Catherine's College, Cambridge, and 
 pupil-assistant of Dr. A. H. Mann, at King's 
 College. Organist for a time at St. George's 
 Anglican Church, Paris. Studied at R.C.M. 
 under Sir Walter Parratt, and Dr. F. E. 
 Gladstone, 1890. Organist at St. David's, 
 Merthyr Tydvil, 1891 ; founder and conductor 
 of Philharmonic Society there. In 1892 he 
 was appointed organist and master of the 
 choristers, Bangor Cathedral. He has given 
 recitals at St. George's Hall, Liverpool ; at 
 the Bow and Bromley Institute, etc. Has 
 composed some Welsh anthems, etc. ; is a 
 contributer to periodical literature, and 
 musical editor of <S'^. David's Weekly. Has 
 acted as adjudicator at Eisteddfodau ; and is 
 Provincial Grand Organist for North Wales 
 in Royal Arch Freemasonry. 
 
 Mori, Nicholas, violinist and composer, 
 born at London, January 21, 1796. Son of 
 an Italian wig maker in the New Road, Lon- 
 don. Pupil of Viotti. Principal violinist in 
 London orchestras. Music publisher in Bond 
 Street, London. He died on June 14, 1839. 
 
 Mori, Franlc, composer, son of the above, 
 born at London, March 21, 1820. Studied 
 under Forbes and Sterndale Bennett, and in 
 1836 under Zimmerman at Paris. He died 
 at Chaumont, France, August 2, 1873. 
 
 Works. — Fridolin, cantata, Worcester 
 Festival, 1851. The River Sprite, operetta, 
 words by G. Linley, Covent Garden, February 
 9, 1865. Songs : Twelve songs, by Mackay, 
 Longfellow, Oxenford, etc. ; Six songs, by 
 Moore, Shelley, Tennyson, Hunt, etc. ; 
 Breathe, oh ! breathe that simple strain ; I 
 love my love in the springtime ; Whither art 
 thou roaming. Vocal exercises, etc. 
 
 MORLEY. 
 
 Mori, Nicholas, the second son, was born 
 January 14, 1822. Studied under his father, 
 and Charles Lucas, and also in Paris. Played 
 in public from 1838. Composer of descriptive 
 music to Gilbert's "The Wicked World"; 
 a setting of Psalm 137, and other works. 
 
 Morine, Charles Harland, composer 
 and organist, was born in 1828 ; died at Elgin, 
 February 19, 1879. He edited the collections 
 of Scottish and Irish ]\Ielodies published by 
 Maver, 1877, and composed pianoforte music. 
 He also issued "Beauties of Scotland, airs for 
 pianoforte,'-' 1869. Songs: Burd Ailie; Golden 
 days, etc. 
 
 Morison, Christina W., bom Bogue, 
 composer, born in Dublin, 1840. She studied 
 under Glover and John Blockley. Composer 
 of "The Uhlans," opera, in 3 acts, Dublin, 
 1884, and Glasgow, 1885. Songs, and piano- 
 forte music. 
 
 Morison, John, "musician and copier of 
 music," born in 1772 ; died at Peterhead in 
 1848. He lived in Rose Street, Peterhead, 
 and was precentor in St. Peter's Church there. 
 Editor of a " Collection of New Strathspey 
 Reels, with a few favourite marches....," 
 Edinburgh [1801]. A Select Collection of 
 Favourite Tunes adapted for the pianoforte, 
 German flute, violin, and violoncello, dedi- 
 cated, by permission, to General Gordon 
 Cuming Skene," n.d. 
 
 Morison, Roderick, or Roby Dall 
 O'Cahen, poet, harper, and composer, was 
 born in the Island of Lewis in 1646. He was 
 the son of an episcopal clergyman, and was 
 educated at Inverness. He lost his sight 
 after an attack of small-pox, and became 
 harper to the family of Macleod, of Lewis. 
 He died near Stornoway early in the 18th 
 century. He composed some Gaelic airs, 
 but is best known as a poet. 
 
 Morley, Felix Wilson, organist and 
 composer, born at Bassingbourne, Cambridge, 
 November 20, 1855. From 1868 to 1873, he 
 acted as honorary organist at the Parish 
 Church, and in the latter year was elected 
 Organ Scholar of Pembroke College, Cam- 
 bridge, an office he was allowed to hold for 
 a year before entering as an undei'graduate. 
 After taking the B.A. degree, he remained in 
 residence as organist, and proceeded to M.A., 
 1883; and Mus. Bac, 1885. Since 1878 he 
 has acted as hon. inspector of Choirs for the 
 Ely Diocesan Church Music Society (now the 
 Council of Church Music) ; and from 1891 
 has been annually elected hon. sec. In 1892, 
 and 1895, appointed Diocesan inspector of the 
 Choirs taking part in the Triennial Festivals 
 at Ely Cathedral. Conductor of Royston 
 Amateur Musical Society, 1888-94. Of his 
 compositions there are, in MS., a setting of 
 Psalm 150, for solo, chorus, orchestra, and 
 organ ; a Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis in 
 
 S 
 
290 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MORLEY. 
 
 E flat, for chorus, orchestra, and organ ; his 
 published works inchide church services ; 
 songs, and part-songs ; pieces for violoncello, 
 and pf. 
 
 Morley, Thomas, composer and writer, 
 was born about 1557. He studied under 
 Byrd, and was a chorister in St. Paul's 
 Cathedral. ]\Ius. Bac, Oxon., 1588 ; organist 
 of St. Paul's Cathedral, London, 1591 ; Gen- 
 tleman of the Chapel Royal, 1592-1602. 
 Obtained patent for exclusive right to print 
 music books, 1598. He died in 1604. 
 
 Works. — Canzonets, or little short songs 
 to three voyces, 1593 ; Madrigalls to foure 
 voyces, 1594 ; First booke of ballets to five 
 voyces, 1595 ; First booke of Canzonets to 
 two voyces, 1595 ; Canzonets, or little short 
 aers to five and sixe voyces, 1597 ; The first 
 booke of Consort Lessons, made by divers 
 exquisite Authors for sixe instruments to play 
 together, etc., 1599 ; The Triumphs of Oriana, 
 to five and six voices, composed by divers 
 several authors, newly published by Thomas 
 Morley, London, Este, 1601 [contains mad- 
 rigals by M. Este, J. Bennet, J. Hilton, J. 
 Holmes, Wilbye, Morley, E. Johnson, T. 
 Weelkes, Kirbye, Carlton, Cavendish, Lisley, 
 Farmer, Milton, Jones, Croce, Hunt, Bateson, 
 ]Mundy, E. Gibbons, R. Nicholson, Tomkins, 
 Marson, F. Pilkington, Norcome, and CobboldJ; 
 Services in D minor ; Evening service in G 
 minor (in Barnard's collection) ; Burial service 
 (in Boyce) ; A Preces, Psalms, etc., in Bar- 
 nard's MS. collection ; Five sets of Lessons in 
 Queen Elizabeth's Virginal Book ; A pLaine 
 and easie introduction to Practicall Musicke, 
 set downe in forme of a dialogue. Divided 
 into three partes. The first teacheth to sing 
 with all things necessary for the knowledge of 
 prickt song. The second treateth of descante 
 and to sing two parts in one upon a plain 
 song or ground, with other things necessary 
 for a descanter. The third and last part 
 entreateth of composition of three, foure, five 
 or more parts, with many profitable rules to 
 that effect, with new songs of 2, -3, 4, and 
 5 parts, London, 1597, various editions. This 
 was translated into German. 
 
 Morley, William, composer of the 18th 
 century. Mus. Bac, 1713. Gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal, 1715. He died on October 29, 
 1731. Supposed to be the composer of the 
 oldest double chant known, published in 
 Boyce's Collection in D minor. 
 
 Mornington, Garrett Colley Welles= 
 ley. Earl of, Irish peer and composer, born 
 at Daugan, Ireland, July 19, 1735. Father of 
 the Duke of Wellington, and of the Marquis 
 of Wellesley. Mus. Doc, Dublin, 1764, where 
 he was the first Professor of Music in the 
 University from 1764 to 1774. He succeeded 
 to the title in 1758. Created Viscount Wel- 
 lesley, 1760. Gained prizes from Catch Club 
 
 MORROW. 
 
 in 1776, 1777, 1779. He died at Kensington, 
 London, May 22, 1781. 
 
 Works. — Glees and ]Madrigals composed by 
 the Earl of Mornington, edited by Sir H. R, 
 Bishop, London, 1846. Among them the fol- 
 lowing are famous : — As it fell upon a day ; 
 Beneath this rural shade ; By greenwood tree ; 
 Come, fairest nymph ; Gently hear me, charm- 
 ing maid ; Go, happy shade ; Hail, hallowed 
 fane ; Here in cool grot ; bird of eve ; Rest, 
 warrior, rest ; and, Soft sleep profoundly. To 
 these may be added the catch, " Twas you sir." 
 The collection of glees, etc., made by Bishop, 
 is the only complete one extant ; though all 
 the glees, madrigals, and catches can be 
 had as originally published in single parts. 
 He also composed chants and other church 
 music. 
 
 Morris, Margaret, Mrs. Alfred Morris, 
 soprano vocalist, organist, and conductor, 
 born at Caerleon, Monmouthshire. Showed 
 musical talent from childhood, but her desire 
 to adopt the art as a profession was not 
 gratified until after her marriage, when 
 monetary reverses turned her talent to prac- 
 tical account. She is to a great extent self- 
 taught, but studied harmony with Dr .Bradford, 
 and voice production with Emil Behnke. As 
 a vocalist she is favourably known, and the 
 Gwent Ladies' Choir, under her leadership, 
 has a good reputation. She has conducted 
 many concerts, including a performance of 
 Gounod's, ikfors et Vita, with full chorus and 
 orchestra. She is organist of Christ Church, 
 Caerleon, principal of a music school in that 
 town, and has given lectures on musical 
 topics at Newport, and other places. 
 
 Morrison, James, musician, author of 
 " A New System of iMusic, applicable to all 
 musical instruments," London [1852]. 
 
 Morrison, William, composer and violin- 
 ist, compiler of "A Collection of Highland 
 music, consisting of strathspeys, reels, 
 marches, waltzes, and airs, with variations 
 original and selected, for the pf., violin, and 
 violoncello," Inverness, n.d. [1813]. 
 
 Morrow, Walter, trumpet player, born 
 in Liverpool, June 15, 1850. Studied his 
 instrument under Dan Godfrey, and at the 
 R.A.M. He obtained high repute by his 
 playing of the various parts for trumpet 
 obligato in Handel's works, and did much to 
 restore the- Trumpet to its legitimate place in 
 the orchestra. He developed a special trumpet 
 for the performance of Bach's high trumpet 
 parts, so long considered unplayable. This 
 instrument he employed for the first time in 
 Bach's " Ein feste Burg," at a concert of the 
 Cambridge University Musical Society, June 
 11, 1885 ; and at the Leeds Festival of 1886 
 the same straight trumpet was introduced in 
 Bach's High Mass in B Minor. j\Ir. Morrow 
 is teacher of the trumpet at the R.C.IM., and 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 291 
 
 MORTEN. 
 
 'Guildhall School, and is now principal trumpet 
 in the orchestras of the Philharmonic Society, 
 Royal Choral Society, the Symphony Concerts, 
 Handel Festival, and at most of the provincial 
 festivals. 
 
 Morten, A., author of "Hints on the 
 purchase of an organ," London, 1877. 
 
 Moseley, Caroline Carr, comxjoser, 
 ■daughter of the late ]Mr. ^Moseley, of Leighton 
 Hall, Staffordshire. Studied at R.A.M. under 
 Sir G. A. Macfarren. A.R.C.M. Composer 
 of a number of part-songs for ladies' voices ; 
 The Child of the South ; The Carol of Hope, 
 and other songs; "Ten minutes in the 
 ■country," two pieces for pf., violin, 'cello, and 
 toy instruments, performed in London, 1882- 
 1883, etc. 
 
 Moseley, Rev. W. Willis, author of 
 *' The quantity and Music of the Cxreek chorus 
 •discovered," Oxford, 1847. 
 
 Moss, Edwin, composer and tenor vocal- 
 ist, horn in London, January 4, 1838. He was 
 for many years a teacher at Cardiff and 
 Wantage. In 1866-75 he was precentor of 
 Poultry Chapel, and from 1877 tenor in the 
 Foundling Chapel. Editor of " The London 
 'Tune Book," 1877, and composer of a numher 
 of hymn tunes, etc. 
 
 Moss, Sydney, j)ianist, violinist, and 
 conductor, born at Sydnej', New South Wales, 
 January 9, 1854. Studied at Leipzig, under 
 Rehiecke, David, and E. F. Richter, 1865-74. 
 Returned to Sydney in 1874, and was conduc- 
 tor of the Musical Union in that city to the 
 year 1881. Mr. Moss has been most disinter- 
 ested in his service to music in Australia, and 
 in many ways has done much for the advance- 
 ment of the art. 
 
 Motley, Richard, composer of the early 
 part of the 18th century. He composed a 
 number of songs, " Draw, Cupid, draw " 
 [1705], and issued a collection of ",Ayres" 
 in 1701. 
 
 Moul, Alfred, journalist and musician, 
 has been resident iit England and Australia. 
 He is the composer of several songs, one of 
 which, " 'Mid Rapture" (Rossetti), was sung 
 at the first Melbourne Festival, December, 
 1882. On leaving Melbourne, in 1883, he was 
 publicly presented with an address. He has 
 also written some pf. music. In 1888 he was 
 appointed representative for the British 
 Empire of the copyright interest of the Societe 
 des Auteurs, Compositeurs et Editeurs de 
 Musique. 
 
 Moulds, John, composer of latter part of 
 the 18th century. He was a composer to 
 Ranelagh Gardens, London, and to the theatres 
 he contributed The Phisiognomist, 1795, and 
 The Sultan, 1796, operas. Among his other 
 works may be named Collection of Favourite 
 Songs sung at Ranelagh, 1787 ; The Retro- 
 spector : a collection of sonnets [1790] . His 
 
 MOUNTAIN. 
 
 single songs include Caledonian maid [1790] ; 
 Cowslips of the valley ; Description of London 
 [1796] ; Edwin and Emma (by IMallet) ; 
 Deserted village (Goldsmith) ; Eleanor of 
 Exeter (by G. S. Carey) ; Link boy ; Nut- 
 brown maid, etc. 
 Mounsey, Ann S., see Bartholomew, 
 
 :Mits. 
 
 Mounsey, Elizabeth, organist and com- 
 poser, born in London, October 8, 1819. 
 Sister of Mvs. W. Bartholomew (q.v.). As a 
 pianist she had a good reputation, and fre- 
 quently took part in the chamber concerts 
 given at Crosby Hall by Mr. Dando {q.v.}. 
 It was chiefly as an organist that Miss Moun- 
 sey was known. She was appointed to St. 
 Peter's, Cornhill, in 1834, and retained the 
 office of organist until 1882, when she retired. 
 In that church the first CC organ in England 
 was erected, under the superintendence of 
 Dr. Gauntlett. That was in 1840, in which 
 year, and again in 1842, Mendelssohn per- 
 formed upon it. I\Iiss ]\Iounsey possessed 
 many interesting mementos of Mendelssohn, 
 and greatly aided Mr. F. G. Edwards (q.v.) in 
 his history of the oratorio " Elijah." She 
 has published some vocal music, and pieces 
 for guitar, organ, pf., etc. Since 1842 Miss 
 Mounsey has been an Associate of the Phil- 
 harmonic Society. 
 
 Mount, George, composer, contrahassist, 
 and conductor. On the formation of the 
 British Orchestral Society, in 1872, Mr. Mount 
 was appointed conductor, an office he held till 
 the dissolution of the Society a few years 
 later. The first concert was given in St. 
 James's Hall, December 5, 1872. He was 
 deputy conductor. Sir Arthur Sullivan being 
 chief, and afterwards conductor of the Royal 
 Amateirr Orchestral Society, from 1871 to the 
 present time.- Appointed assistant conductor 
 at the Royal Aquarium, Westminster, 1876 ; 
 conductor, Alexandra Palace, in 1885 ; and 
 occasional conductor of the Philharmonic 
 Concerts, 1884-7. His compositions include 
 an overture, composed in celebration of the 
 twenty-fifth anniversary of the Royal Amateur 
 Orchestral Society ; a " Pizzicato," for strings, 
 1894 ; and various smaller works. Mr. ]\Iount 
 is a professor at Trinity College, London. 
 
 Mount Edgcumbe, Richard Edgcumbb, 
 2nd Earl, amateur composer and writer, 
 was born September 13, 1764. Married Lady 
 Sophia Hobart, daughter of the 2nd Earl of 
 Buckinghamshire. He died at Richmond, 
 Surrey, September 26, 1839. Composer of 
 " Zenobia," an opera. King's Theatre, London, 
 1800. Author of "Musical Reminiscences of 
 an Amateur, chiefly respecting the Italian 
 Opera in England, for fifty years, 1773 to 
 1823, London, 1823; 2nd edition, 1827; 3rd 
 edition, 1828 ; 4th edition, 1834. 
 
 Mountain, Sarah or Sophia, born 
 
292 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 MUDALIYAR. 
 
 Wilkinson, soprano vocalist, was born in 1768. 
 She made an appearance in 1782, but after- 
 wards sang with Tate Wilkinson's Company, 
 at Hull, and there made her debxit in 1786. 
 In the same year she sang in Leeds and in 
 Liverpool. She married Mr. Mountain, a 
 violinist, in 1786. She afterwards sang at 
 Covent Garden, and also in Dublin. In 1814 
 she retired, and died at Hammersmith, Lon- 
 don, July 1, 1841. 
 
 Mudaliyar, A. M. Chinnaswami, editor 
 of a treatise on Indian music, " Oriental 
 Music in European Notation." Ave Maria 
 Press, Pudupet, Madras, 1893. 
 
 Mudie, Thomas Molleson, composer 
 and organist, born at Chelsea, London, Nov- 
 ember 30, 1809. He studied music under 
 Crotch, Potter, etc., at R.A.M., 1823-32. Pro- 
 fessor of Pf. at R.A.M., 1832-44. Organist 
 at Galton, Surrey, 1834-44. Teacher in Edin- 
 burgh for a time, but returned to London 
 in 1863. He died at London, July 24, 1876. 
 
 Works. — Symphonies in C, B fiat, F, D ; 
 Quintets, quartets, trios, etc., for strings, etc. ; 
 Pf. music, consisting of duets, solos, fantasias, 
 nocturnes, etc. ; Anthems and sacred songs ; 
 Songs : Dying Gladiator ; Evening song ; 
 Fisherman ; To Memory ; Six songs and two 
 duets ; Sacred songs [1840] ; Three sacred 
 duets [1842] . Accompaniments in Wood's 
 " Songs of Scotland," edited by Graham. 
 
 Mullhollan, John Macpherson, Irish 
 musician, who flourished in Ireland and 
 Edinburgh about the end of last and the 
 beginning of the present century. He issued 
 a volume of Irish IMelodies about 1800, with 
 titles in Irish and English, based on a collec- 
 tion begun by his father, who died in 1770. 
 He also issued " A Selection of Irish and 
 Scots tunes, consisting of airs, marches, 
 strathspeys, country dances, etc., adapted for 
 the pianoforte, Edinburgh, n.d. [1804] . 
 
 Mullen, Adelaide, soprano vocalist, born 
 in Dublin. Daughter of Benjamin Mullen, 
 Lay-vicar of St. Patrick's Cathedral. Studied 
 at the Alexandra College, Dublin, and with 
 J. B. Welch. Was first introduced to public 
 notice by the late Sir Robert Stewart, at a 
 concert of the University Choral Society. In 
 March, 1882, she sang at a State Concert, and 
 at the musical inauguration of the National 
 Exhibition, Dublin, in August, being then an 
 amateur. Iir ]\Iay, 1883, she gave her first 
 concert in Dublin, and since then has pursued 
 a successful career, appearing in Edinburgh, 
 1885; Glasgow, 1886; and at the Crystal 
 Palace Concerts, INIarch 19, 1887. In 1888 
 she was engaged by Mr. William Ludwig for 
 his concerts of Irish music in the United 
 States, and has since twice visited Ainerica. 
 Toured with the Burns-Crotty Company in 
 1891-2. Married, April 26, 1888, Henry 
 Beaumont, the tenor vocalist (q.v.). 
 
 MUNDEN. 
 
 Mullen, Alfred Frederick, musician, 
 who died in 1881. Author of " Harmonium 
 Tutor, with a series of easy lessons progres- 
 sively arranged," London, n.d. ; Easy and 
 Complete Instructions for the Pianoforte, 
 London, n.d. ; Catechism of Music, n.d. 
 Composer of numerous transcriptions for pf.,, 
 and songs. 
 
 Mullen, Joseph, composer and organist, 
 born at Dublin in 1826. Chorister in Christ 
 Church Cathedral, Dublin. Organist at Tuam 
 Cathedral ; Succentor of Limerick Cathedral ; 
 Organist of St. Mary's Church, St. Catherine's 
 Church, and of Christ Church, Leeson Park, 
 Dublin. 
 
 MuUineux, William, organist, born at 
 Worsley, Lancaster, April 4, 1858. Studied 
 under his father. Dr. J. F. Bridge, and Dr. 
 Hiles. Was organist of Worsley Wesleyan 
 Chapel at the age of ten, and in 1876 was 
 appointed organist of Bolton Town Hall, an 
 office he still holds. F.R.C.O. He is the^ 
 composer of a cantata, " Harvest Home," 
 produced at Bolton, 1887. 
 
 Mullinger=Higgins, William, see Hig- 
 GINS, Wm. ]\Iullinger. 
 
 Mullinex, Henry, composer and vocalist, 
 born about 1793. He was a Gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal. Died at London, December 15, 
 1838. He composed waltzes, marches, etc.,. 
 for the pf., and some vocal music. 
 
 Munday, Eliza, see Salmon, Eliza. 
 
 Mundella, Emma, pianist, teacher, and 
 composer, born at Nottingham in 1858. 
 Daughter of the late John Mundella, of 
 Leicester, and niece of the Right Hon. A. J. 
 Mundella. Received her first musical instruc- 
 tion at home, and studied under Arthur Page, 
 187.3-6. Won the Nottingham Scholarship 
 on the opening of the National Training 
 School for Music in 1876, and afterwards took 
 the diploma, A.R.C.M. Was director of the 
 music at St. Elphin's Clergy Daughters' 
 School, Warrington ; and from 1880 at 
 Wimbledon High School. A career of much 
 usefulness was cut short by death, February 
 20, 1896. Of her compositions the principal 
 was " The Victory of Song" (Lewis Morris), 
 for female chorus, three violins, pf. and harp. 
 She also published two anthems ; Twelve 
 elementary duets ; Three sketches ; and other 
 pieces for pf . Editor of The Day School Hymn 
 Book, Novello, the enlarged edition of which 
 was in the press at the time of her death. 
 
 Munden, Thomas, organist and conduc- 
 tor, was a chorister of Westminster Abbey,, 
 and pupil of Greatorex. He was one of the 
 conductors of the Birmingham Festivals from 
 1826 to 1846, and first organist of the Town 
 Hall. He was also organist of Christ Church 
 and St. Paul's, Birmingham. He died in 
 North Wales about 1879. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 293 
 
 MUNDY. 
 
 Mundy, John, organist and composer, 
 was born in latter lialf of the 16tli century. 
 He studied under his father, and became 
 organist of Eton College. Organist, St. 
 George's Chapel, Windsor, 3 585. Mus. Bac, 
 Oxon., 1586 ; Mus. Doc, do., 1624. He died 
 in 1630. 
 
 Works. — Songs and Psalms, composed into 
 three, four, and five parts, for tlie use and 
 delight of all such as eitlier love or learne 
 niusicke, 1594 ; Anthems, and other sacred 
 music; " Lightly she tripped," madrigal for 
 5 voices, in " Triumphs of Oriana." 
 
 Mundy, William, composer of the 16th 
 century, father of the above. Vicar-choral, 
 St. Paul's. Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 
 1563. He died in 1591. Composer of anthems 
 in Clifford's collection, etc. 
 
 Murby, Thomas, composer, violinist, 
 and writer, born at Leicester, Alarch 27, 1834. 
 Edi^cated at the Hill Street British School 
 there, and in 1849 became amanuensis to 
 William Gardiner {q.v.). In 1853 he entered 
 the Borough Road Training College, London, 
 and the next year was appointed its musical 
 professor, a post he held for ten years. Beyond 
 violin lessons from a French professor, Femy, 
 he was self-educated in music. He was a 
 member of the Philharmonic orchestra for 
 eight years ; and of the Royal Amateur Society 
 for about sixteen years ; and is now the head 
 of an educational publishing business. 
 
 Works. — New Tunes to choice words, 
 ■2 books ; Merry-go-round, a collection of 
 rhymes, jingles, and songs [1874] ; The Golden 
 Wreath, a collection of songs, original and 
 .adapted; The Devonshire Melodist, original 
 settings of 12 songs by Edward Capern, the 
 poet-x3ostman ; Merry Songs for little voices 
 (in conjunction with Thomas Hood the 
 younger, and his sister, Mrs. Broderip), Lon- 
 don, Griffith & Farran. Children's cantatas. 
 Five o'clock tea, 1887 ; Elsa, or the imprisoned 
 fairy, 18S8 ; Shakespeare's merrie meeting ; 
 and Lost Dimplechin, 1889, all performed at 
 Gresham Hall, Brixton. Author of The 
 IMusical Student's Manual, London, 1862, now 
 in its 8th edition. 
 
 Murdoch, Alexander Qregor, minor 
 poet and author, born at Glasgow, April, 
 1843 ; died there, February 13, 1891. He 
 published several volumes of poetry, and wrote 
 a series of papers on Scots violir.ists and violin 
 makers, which originally appeared in the 
 Glasgow Weekly Mail, and were afterwards 
 issued as " Tlae Fiddle in Scotland: com- 
 prising Scotch Fiddlers and Fiddle makers," 
 London, 1888. His son, William, is a violinist 
 of much promise. 
 
 Muris, John, English writer and musician, 
 who flourished during the 14th century. 
 Doctor and Canon of the Sorbonne, or a 
 Chanter in the Church of Notre Dame of 
 
 NARES. 
 
 Paris. Author of a number of musical works, 
 preserved in MS. ; among which are treatises 
 on counterpoint, and notices, the earliest of 
 the kind of the time table. His nationality 
 has been variously stated as Norman, or 
 French, but a concensus of opinion seems to 
 fix his nationality as English. 
 
 Murphy, John, musician and i^iper, pub- 
 lished "A collection of Irish airs and jiggs 
 with variations, by John Murphy, performer 
 on the union pipes at Eglinton Castle," 
 London, n.d. [1820]. 
 
 Murray, James Robertson, composer 
 and organist, born in 1836. Organist of St. 
 Botolph's, Aldersgate, London. Founder of 
 the London Church Choir Association, and 
 conducted the annual services at St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, 1880, etc. He died at London, 
 September 3, 1885. 
 
 Musgrave, Frank, composer and con- 
 ductor. He was musical director of the Strand 
 Theatre, London. In 1887 he was an inmate 
 of Bethnal Green Lunatic Asylum, and in 
 May, 1888, he died. Composer of " Windsor 
 Castle," burlesque opera by Burnand, Strand 
 Theatre, 1865; and a burlesque on " L'Afric- 
 aine," also by Burnand, in 1865. Songs: 
 Early love; I'll forgive thee; Nellie Lee; 
 She haunts me like a happy dream. A large 
 number of polkas, valses, galops, etc., for pf. 
 
 Mutlow, William, organist, was born in 
 1761. He became organist of Gloucester 
 Cathedral in 1782, and held the appointment 
 till 1832, when he was succeeded by John 
 Amott. He died at Gloucester in 1832. He 
 conducted the Gloucester Festivals from 1790 
 to 1829. Composer of "Unto Thee, O God," 
 anthem, etc. 
 
 Napier, William, musician and publisher, 
 born in Scotland in 1740. He established 
 himself in London as a music-seller, and in 
 this capacity served the Royal family. Mem- 
 ber of the King's band till he was forced to 
 retire because of gout in his hands. He also 
 played the violin at the Professional concerts. 
 He died in Somers Town, London, June, 1812. 
 He published A Selection of the most favour- 
 ite Scots Songs, chiefly Pastoral, adapted for 
 the harpsichord, with an accompaniment for 
 the violin, by eminent Masters, London [1790] ; 
 A Selection of Original Scots Songs, in three 
 parts, the harmony by Hc.ydn, London [1792]; 
 Napier's Selection of Dances and Strathspeys, 
 with new and appropriate Basses, adapted for 
 the pianoforte, harp, etc., n.d. The "eminent 
 masters " mentioned in the first work were 
 S. Arnold, W. Shield, Carter, and Barthelemon. 
 This work also contains a " Dissertation on 
 Scottish Music," by William Tytler (q.v.) 
 
 Nares, James, composer and organist, 
 born at Stanwell, ]\Iiddlesex, about April, 
 1715. He was a chorister in the Chapel 
 
294 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 NASH. 
 
 Royal, under Gates, and also studied under 
 Pepnsch. Deputy-organist of St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor. Organist of York Cathedral, 
 1734. Organist and composer to the Chapel 
 Royal, 1756. Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1757. 
 Master of children of Chapel Royal in 1757-80. 
 He died at London, February 10, 1783. 
 
 Works. — Eight Setts of Lessons for the 
 harpsichord, 1747 ; Five harpsichord lessons, 
 1758 ; Three easy do. ; The Royal Pastoral, 
 a draniaticode ; Collection of catches, canons, 
 and glees, London [1772] ; Twenty Anthems 
 in score, for the use of H.]\I. Chapel Royal, 
 Loiidon, 1778; Morning and Evening Service, 
 with six anthems in score, 1788 ; Six organ 
 fugues. A Treatise on Singing, n.d. II Prin- 
 cipio, or, a regular introduction to playing on 
 the harpsichord or organ, n.d. ; Concise and 
 easy treatise on Singing, .with a set of English 
 duets for beginners; Songs, andniiscellaneous 
 instrumental music ; Six grand choruses from 
 Handel's oratorios, adapted for the organ or 
 harpsichord, n.d. 
 
 Nash, or Naish, F., bass vocalist, known 
 as SiGNOR Franco Novara, born in the West 
 of England. IMade his dehut at Her Majesty's 
 Theatre, ]\Iay 28, 1881, as Mephistophelrf', in 
 " Faust." He sang with the Carl Rosa 
 Company in 1883; at Covent Garden, 1889, 
 etc. He has been on tour with Madame 
 Patti, and has sung in many parts of the 
 kingdom. In 1896 he was appointed a pro- 
 fessor of singing at the R.A.M. He has 
 composed some songs : Earl Douglas ; The 
 bold, bad Baron ; Vieni con me, etc. ; The 
 plighting kiss, duet. 
 
 Nathan, Isaac, composer and writer, was 
 born at Canterbury of Jewish parents, 1792. 
 He was educated at Cambridge, and studied 
 music under D. Corri. He sang at Covent 
 Garden Theatre, and afterwards emigrated to 
 Melbourne, Australia, in February, 1841. 
 He was killed in Sydney, January 15, 18G4. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Sweethearts and Wives, 
 1823 ; The Alcaid, opera, 1824 ; The Illustrious 
 Stranger, musical farce, 1827 ; Merry freaks 
 in troublous times, Sydney, 1851 ; Musurgia- 
 Vocalis, an Essay on the History and Theory 
 of Music, and on the qualities, capabilities, 
 and management of the human voice [1823] , 
 illustrated ; 2nd edition, 1836 ; Life of Madame 
 Malibran de Beriot, interspersed with original 
 anecdotes, and critical remarks on her musical 
 powers, London, 1836. The King's Fool, 
 drama. The Southern Euphrosyne and 
 Australian Miscellany, containing Oriental 
 moral tales, original anecdotes, poetry and 
 ■music ; an historical sketch, with examples, 
 of the native aboriginal melodies, etc., Sydney 
 [1846] . Hebrew Melodies (from Byron), with 
 Braham, 1822 ; also 1861. Let's bow to 
 Solomon, glee, Bristol [1819]. Songs : Beauty's 
 bower ; Come kiss me, said Colin ; Fair 
 
 NAYLOR. 
 
 Haid6e ; Lady-bird ; Long live our monarch 
 (with chorus) ; When I roved a young High- 
 lander, etc. Six new dances [1812] . 
 
 Naylor, John, organist and composer, 
 born at Stanningley, near Leeds, June 8, 
 1838. Chorister at Leeds Parish Church, 
 pupil of R. S. Burton, and afterwards his 
 assistant organist. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1863; Mus. Doc, 1872, Oxford. In 1856 he 
 was appointed organist of St. Mary's, Scar- 
 borough ; and in 1873 to St. Michael's Church 
 in the same town. There, in conjunction with 
 the Rev. R. Brown-Borthwick (q.v.), he raised 
 the musical services to a high degree of excel- 
 lence, and gave frequent organ recitals. On 
 the retirement of Dr. ]\Ionk from York 
 Minster, in 1883, Dr. Naylor gained the post 
 of organist there. A special feature at the 
 cathedral, since 1885, has been the annual 
 Military service, for which he has composed 
 anthems for choir and military band. He 
 was conductor of the York IMusical Societ}-, 
 retiring in June, 1896. His chief works are 
 four cantatas : Jeremiah ; The Brazen Serpent ; 
 Meribah, and Manna ; produced at Festivals. 
 in York Minster in 1884-87-90, and 1893. He 
 has also composed a service in G ; anthems, 
 '• O ye that love the Lord," etc. Songs and 
 part-songs. Owing to ill-health he resigned 
 his organ appointment in April, 1897, and 
 died while on the voyage to Australia, May,, 
 15, 1897. 
 
 His son, Edward Woodall N.wlor, was 
 educated at the R.C.M., and at Emanuel 
 College, Cambridge, graduating Mus. Bac, 
 and M.A., 1891. He has composed a scena, 
 "Merlin and the Gleam," for baritone solo 
 and orchestra. Author of " Shakespeare and 
 Mu.sic," London, Dent, 1896. 
 
 Naylor, Sidney, pianist and organist, 
 born at Kensington, London, July 24, 1841. 
 Chorister at the Temple Church, and pupil 
 of Dr. E. J. Hopkins. He was organist suc- 
 cessively at St. George's, Bloomsbury ; St. 
 Michael's, Bassishaw ; St. Mary's, Newington ; 
 and St. Michael's, North Kensington. But 
 he was more widely known as an able accom- 
 panist, officiating for many years at Boosey's 
 Ballad Concerts ; occasionally at the Monday 
 Popular Concerts ; and for many touring 
 l^arties, particularly those of Mr. Sims Reeves. 
 He was Carl Rosa's partner in the English 
 Opera Season of 1874. He died at Shepherd's 
 Bush, March 4, 1893. In 1868 he married 
 Miss Blanche Cole, the soprano vocalist. 
 She was born at Portsmouth, in 185], and 
 began her stage career very early. From 1871,. 
 she sang for a few years in concerts ; but was 
 mostly heard in opera. At various times, up 
 to 1887, she was a member of the Carl Rosa 
 Company ; in 1879, toured with a company 
 of her own ; and in 1882 sang in the Royal 
 English Opera Company. She appeared in a 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 295 
 
 NEALE. 
 
 round of characters, and was very popular. 
 Her death occurred in Loudon, August 31, 
 1888. 
 
 Neale, Rev. John Mason, hymn writer, 
 amateur musician, and clergyman, was born 
 at London, January 24, 1818. Educated at 
 Cambridge. Curate of St. Michael's, Guild- 
 ford, 1841. Warden of Sackville College, East 
 Grinstead. He died at East Grinstead, August 
 6, 1866. He composed "An Easter Carol" 
 [1849] , and some Church music, but is chiefly 
 remembered by his works on the Eastern 
 Church, and various popular hymns, pub- 
 lished in such collections as Hvnms for the 
 Sick, 184.3 ; Hymns for Children, 1843 ; 
 Hymns chiefly mediaeval, 1865 ; Hymnal noted, 
 1851-54, 2 vols. Carols for Christmas-tide, 
 1853 ; Carols for Easter-tide, 1854, both edited 
 by Helmore. 
 
 Neale, Richard, compiler of "A Pocket 
 Companion for gentlemen and ladies : being 
 a collection of the finest opera songs and airs 
 in English and Italian . . . figured for ye organ, 
 harpsichord, and spinet," London, 1725. 
 
 Neate, Charles, composer and pianist, 
 born at London, March 28, 1784. He studied 
 the Pf. under J. Field, and Woelfl. Appeared 
 as pianist, at Covent Garden, 1800. IMember 
 of Philharmonic Society, 1813 ; afterwards a 
 director and conductor. He became acquainted 
 with Beethoven in 1815. He took lessons 
 from Winter, and played in England at the 
 principal concerts. He died at Brighton, 
 March 30, 1877. 
 
 Works. — Grand Sonata for pf., op. 1, 1808 ; 
 Sonata for pf., in D minor, op. 2, 1822 ; Les 
 Caracteres, a set of original quadrilles, op. 
 19 ; Fantasias, op. 4, 35 ; A Hundred im- 
 promptus, or short preludes ; Serenade, op. 
 15 ; Toccatas, op. 5 ; Kinloch, a Scotch air 
 arranged for pf . [1827] ; Pf . rondos, and other 
 instrumental works. Fantasia for pf. and 
 'cello, op. 9 ; Quintet, pf., wind, and double 
 bass ; Trios for pf., violin, and 'cello, op. 21 
 and op. 22 [1831] . Essay on fingering, chiefly 
 as connected with expression, together with 
 some general observations on Pianoforte 
 Playing, London, n.d. [1855] . Songs, etc. 
 
 Needham, Mrs., see Clayton, Eleanob 
 Creathorne. 
 
 Needier, Henry, musician and violinist, 
 born, London, 1685; died, August, 1760. 
 One of the original founders of the Academy 
 of Ancient INIusic, and a performer of merit. 
 
 Neilson, L. C., see Nielson, L. C. 
 
 Nelson, Sidney, composer and writer, 
 born in 1800. He was a teacher in London, 
 and died there on April 7, 1862. 
 
 Works.— Middle Temple, operetta [1829]. 
 Cadi's Daughter, opera [1851] . Songs of the 
 Gipsies, London, 1832 ; INIountain Laj's, six 
 sacred songs ; Six vocal trios [1852] . Songs : 
 Away to the mountains [1858] ; Better land 
 
 NEWELL. 
 
 [1840]; Gipsy fortune teller ; Highland widow; 
 Hunter's horn ; Life is a river ; Mary of 
 Argjde [1860] ; Oh ! Steer my bark to Erin's 
 Isle [1840] ; Pilot [1835] ; Rose of Allandale 
 [1836] ; By the gentle Guadalquiver, and 
 other vocal duets. Instructions in the art of 
 Singing, London [1835] . Vocalist's daily 
 practice, London, 1852. Vocal School, a 
 series of scales, exercises, etc., London, n.d., 
 also 1879. 
 
 Nesbitt, A. M., head-master of Too woomba 
 Grammar School, Queensland, Australia, was 
 awarded the prize of fiftj' guineas, offered by 
 the Brisbane Musical Union, in 1887, for a 
 " Jubilee Ode," foi- chorus and orchestra. 
 
 Newark, William, comxsoser of the 15th 
 and 16th centuries, who contributed to the 
 Fayrfax MS. A madrigal of his, entitled, 
 " Thus musing," was printed bv Novello in 
 1894. 
 
 Newbury, Philip, tenor vocalist, born 
 in Jersey. Rlost of his early life was spent in 
 Australia, where he studied under the best 
 available teachers. In 1888 he came to 
 England, and sang at various concerts in 
 Sheffield, Birmingham, London, etc. He 
 appeared in opera at the Shaftesbury Theatre, 
 October, 1891, as the Pilot in " The Flying 
 Dutchman." In 1896 he was back again in 
 Australia, and after touring in different parts 
 was reported as settling in Tasmania as a 
 teacher of singing. 
 
 Newcombe, Qeorgeanne Hubi= bom 
 HuBi, soprano vocalist, composer, and lyric 
 author, born in London, December 18, 1843. 
 Studied under R. Glenn Wesley and Dr. Hiles. 
 Organist for some years at Latchford Parish 
 Church. Now resident at Warrington. Has 
 written many lyrics set by Gerard Cobb, 
 Denza, Pontet (Whisper and I shall hear), 
 Wellings, and others. Her own compositions 
 include such popular songs as " Ever faithful," 
 "The miner and his boy" (Orchestra, prize 
 song), " Irish Potheen," and many others. 
 Her pf. piece, " Ye Fancye Fay re March," 
 has met with great popularity. Her daughter, 
 Ethel Hubi- Newcombe, gold medallist 
 (Llewelyn Thomas), R.A.M., is a soprano vocal- 
 ist of much promise. 
 
 Newell, Joseph Edward, composer and 
 organist, born at Hunslet, near Leeds, Octo- 
 ber 11, 1843. Studied under F. W. Hird, and 
 when about sixteen was appointed organist of 
 St. Philip's, Leeds. In 1866 he went to St. 
 Michael's, Headingly, where he remained 
 until 1885, when he took over the duties of 
 organist and singing-master at Leeds Gram- 
 mar School, and its Collegiate Chapel, St. 
 Wilfred. He removed to London in 1892, 
 where he is chiefly engaged in composition, 
 and arranging, etc., for some of the leading 
 publishing firms. Of the large nmnber of his 
 publications the most important are : The 
 
296 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 NEWMAN. 
 
 Christian Pilgrim, sacred cantata, produced 
 at Trinity Church, Leeds, March 24, 1889; 
 Spring, cantata for female voices ; Stella, 
 operetta for the same. The Song-Bird Album. 
 Six four-part songs ; Twelve two-part songs ; 
 Anthems, etc. Six Diversions, for two violins 
 and pf. ; Six musical poems, pf. ; Pf. School 
 in three grades, 1895 ; Tutor for harmonium 
 and American organ ; Rudiments of Music, 
 with historical notes, 1895. He has also 
 published much music for Mandoline and 
 Guitar under the novis de illume of Carlo 
 Murretti and Nicola Podesta. 
 
 Newman, R, A., musician and author, 
 published "Description and iise of the Har- 
 monimetre," Weymouth, 1845. 
 
 Newson, Qeorge Lincoln, violinist, 
 born at Diss, Norfolk. His talent was ex- 
 hibited very early, and while yet a schoolboy 
 he was engaged in the band at the festivals 
 of Bury St. Edmunds and Norwich. Studied 
 at R.A.M., under Mori, and was in the 
 orchestra of the Royal Italian Opera, and 
 played at the principal London concerts, and 
 provincial festivals. He appears to have 
 retired from the profession since 1890. He 
 is an A.R.A.M. 
 
 Newth, Robert Boulcott, tenor vocalist, 
 born at Worcester. Chorister at the Cathe- 
 dral. Studied under W- Done. Was ap- 
 pointed organist of St. Paul's, Worcester ; 
 later, assistant to Dr. Monk, King's College, 
 London ; then to St John's, Angell Town, 
 Brixton, 1881. Al)out that time, his singing 
 attracted attention, and he appeared at 
 various concerts in London. He sang at the 
 Gloucester Festival, 188.3 ; and at Worcester 
 Festival, 1884. He is a professor at the 
 Guildhall School of Music. 
 
 Newton, Mrs. Alexander, bom Ade- 
 laide Ward, singer and composer, born 
 at London, 1821, sister of J. C. Ward. She 
 was one of Jenny Lind's concert party during 
 her first tour in England. Sang at the Wed- 
 nesday Concerts, Exeter Hall, 1849. She died 
 at London, December 22, 1881. Composer 
 of songs and pf. music; and was a bravura 
 singer of exceptional ability. 
 
 Newton, James WiSl'iam, musician of 
 end of last and first half of the present 
 century. Compiler of " Psalmody improved, 
 in a collection of Psahn tunes and an- 
 thems for 2, 3, and 4 voices . . . designed 
 for the use of country choirs," Ipswich, 1775. 
 " Companion to the Pilgrim, containing 30 
 psalm tunes, etc," London [1839]. 
 
 Nichol, Henry Ernest, composer, pianist 
 and organist, born at Hull, December 10, 
 1862. Apprenticed to civil engineering in 
 1877, but abandoned that for the serious 
 study of music in 1885. Musical training 
 private. Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1888. 
 Settled in Hull as performer and teacher. 
 
 NICHOLSON. 
 
 Music master, Hull Grammar School ; Or- 
 ganist, St. Andrew's, Kirk Ella ; Conductor, 
 North Cave Choral Society, and Newport 
 Harmonic Society. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : Day and Night (HuU, 
 1892) ; Ode to Music, for chorus and orchestra 
 (composed, 1894 ; produced at Crystal Palace, 
 July 13, 1895, at the Tonic Sol-fa Festival) ; 
 Will o' the Wisp (1896). An Evening Service 
 in F, anthems, carols, hymns, etc. Part- 
 songs. Sonata in A minor, pf. (MS.) ; pieces 
 for pf., songs, etc. Author of a book on Choral 
 Technics (Curwen), for choir-training, and a 
 primer on Transposition at Sight. 
 
 Nicholds, Joseph, composer and con- 
 ductor, was born at Sedgley. For some time 
 he acted as director of Wombwell's band, but 
 was afterwards a teacher of music. He died 
 a pauper in Dudley Union, February 18, 1860. 
 Composer of Babylon, oratorio ; The Triumph 
 of Zion, oratorio, Wolverhampton, September 
 17, 1844. Sacred Music, a selection of psalm 
 and hymn tunes, London [1820] , songs, etc. 
 
 Nicholl, Horace Wadham, composer, 
 born at West Bromwich, Staffordshire, March 
 17, 1848. Son of a musician of some local 
 repute. He has been for many years resident 
 in New York. Of his works, a " Romance 
 Antique " for orchestra was produced at New 
 York in 1885 ; and " Cloister Scene," for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra, at the Pittsburgh 
 Festival, 1889. He is said to have written a 
 Tetralogy, "The Fall of IMan ; Abraham; 
 Isaac ; and Jacob." 
 
 Nicholl, William, tenor vocalist and 
 teacher, was born at Glasgow, June 30, 1851, 
 and originally worked as an engineer in 
 Glasgow and India. He studied at the Royal 
 Academy of Music, under Fiori, fronr January, 
 1884, to July, 1885, and gained the Parepa- 
 Rosa gold medal, and the Academy bronze 
 medal. He afterwards studied at Florence 
 under Vannucini. He made his debut at 
 Glasgow, in November, 1884, with IMadame 
 Georgina Burns' party. Since 1886 he has 
 given an annual series of classical concerts 
 in London, and has sung at Chester (1888), 
 Gloucester (1889), and other festivals and 
 concerts throughout the kingdom, such as the 
 London Ballad Concerts, Crystal Palace, 
 Richter Concerts, etc. He has appeared 
 twice before the Queen, by command, and in 
 1895 he accompanied Mr. Gladstone in the 
 " Tantallon Castle" when Sir Donald Currie 
 was cruising in the North Sea. He is A.R.A.M. 
 and has been a professor of singing at the 
 Royal Academy of Music since 1891. Joint 
 author with George Thorpe of " Text-Book 
 on the natural use of the Voice," London, 
 1895, and has lectui'ed on " Voice Production " 
 at the Society of Arts, January 27, 1897. 
 
 Nicholson, Alfred, oboist, born at 
 Leicester, June .30, 1822, for many years in 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 297 
 
 NICHOLSON. 
 
 the band of the Royal Italian Opera, and also 
 in the different festival orchestras. Appeared 
 as soloist at the Wednesday Concerts, Exeter 
 Hall, 1849, etc. Was in the orchestra at 
 production of "Elijah," Birmingham, 1846. 
 He died, August 29, 1870. His brother, 
 Heney Nicholson, flutist, was born at 
 Leicester. He has played at the principal 
 concerts in the provinces, in chamber music, 
 etc. Was for nearly 30 years a member of 
 the Birmingham Festival orchestra. In 1853 
 he started Concerts for the People, at Leices- 
 ter, and has done much for music in that 
 town. In IMay, 1886, three testimonial con- 
 certs were given in his honour by a number 
 of artists, and a cheque for £800, the result, 
 publicly presented to him by the Mayor of 
 Leicester. He is still actively engaged in his 
 profession, and took x^art in the comx)limentary 
 concert given to Miss Deacon (q.v.) in May, 
 1896. Author of "Instructions for the Flute," 
 and arranger of music f jr that instrument. 
 
 Nicholson Charles, flute-player and 
 composer, born at Liverpool in 1795. Fhite- 
 player at Covent Garden, Drury Lane, Phil- 
 harmonic Society, etc. He died at London, 
 March 26, 1837. Wrote "Preceptive Lessons 
 for the Flute," with Portrait and Appendix, 
 London (10 numbers), 1821 ; " Complete Pre- 
 ceptor for the German Flute, in a style per- 
 fectly simple and easy," London, 2 parts [1816] ; 
 "Studies in the sharp and flat keys, composed 
 with marks of expression and articulation for 
 the Flute " ; " Le Bouquet, or Flowers of Me- 
 lodv, a choice collection of airs.. for 1 or 2 
 flutes. . " ; School for the Flute, London [1836], 
 new edition by Radcliff, London [1873]; Bolero 
 [1825] ; Collection of waltzes for the flute ; Four 
 concertinos for the flute and pf .; Admired Tyro- 
 lese melodies sung by the Rainer family (with 
 Bochsa), 18.30. Numerous fantasias, selections, 
 etc., for flute and pf. 
 
 Nicholson, Rev. Henry D,, M.A., 
 author of " The Organ : its mechanism, stops, 
 etc., explained, London,, n.d. (2 editions). 
 Boston edition published under the title of 
 " Organ INIanual." 
 
 Nicholson, James, musician, author of 
 " A Concise Treatise on Thorough-bass, with 
 practical lessons selected from the most 
 eminent composers," London [1796] . Another 
 James Nicholson, probably the same, was a 
 performer on the pipe and tabor at York, and 
 died on August 30, 1807. 
 
 Nicholson, or Nicolson, Richard, or- 
 ganist and composer, was born in the second 
 half of the 16th century. Organist and 
 chorus-master, INIagdalen College, Oxford, 
 1595. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1596. He was the 
 first choragiis or professor of music in Oxford 
 University on Heather's Foundation, in 1626. 
 He died at Oxford, 1639. Composer of mad- 
 rigals in the " Triumphs of Oi-iana," etc. 
 
 NIELSON. 
 
 Nicks, George, viola player and composer, 
 was born about 1775. He was viola j)layer in 
 the orchestras of the Italian Opera and 
 Covent Garden, and at the Ancient and 
 Philharmonic concerts. For many years he 
 acted as manager of the Subscription Con- 
 certs in the IMusic Rooms at Oxford. He 
 died at London, January 8, 1841. Composer 
 of much vocal music, among which may be 
 named the following songs : — Adieu, Ben 
 Cable, Kaleidoscope (1828), O INIemory (1810), 
 Pleasures of lovers (1797), Poor Harry (1806). 
 The Robin (1825), Since truth has left the 
 shepherd's tongue. The Tear, etc. 
 
 Nicolson, Ludovick, composer and vio- 
 linist, who was a weaver to trade. He was 
 born in Paisley about 1770, and died there 
 August 3, 1852. He was an associate of R. A. 
 Smith, Tannahill the poet, and other worthies 
 of his time. Compiler of " A collection of 
 psalm and hymn tunes in four parts, adapted 
 to various meti'es and may be used in the 
 principal churches, chapels, and dissenting 
 congregations in Scotland," Paisley (Glasgow 
 engraved), about 1852. The tunes "Paisley" 
 and " Low Church " are by him. 
 
 Nield, Jonathan, tenor vocalist, born in 
 1769. In 1795 he was appointed a gentleman 
 of the Chapel Royal in succession to J. 
 Soaper. He was also in the choirs of West- 
 minster Abbey and St. Paul's. For many 
 years he was principal tenor at the Ancient 
 Concerts, and a member of the Noblemen 
 and Gentlemen's Glee Club ; Royal Society 
 of ]\Iusicians, etc. He also sang at the 
 Gloucester IMusical Festival in 1793, and 
 afterwards at other festivals. He died at 
 London on March 6, 1843. 
 
 William Ashton Nield, probably a rela- 
 tive of the foregoing, composed " The Ju- 
 venile Musical Library . . ." London, 1854, 
 illustrated by George Cruikshank, and now 
 very scarce. " Collection of Psalms and 
 Hymns as sung at All Sruls' Church, St. 
 Mary-le-Bow . . ." London [1827]. So7igs : 
 Days of yore. Harbour of peace. Rounds ; 
 Pf. music, etc. 
 
 Nielson, Lawrence Cornelius, com- 
 poser, organist and pianist, was born at 
 London in 1760. He was taken to America 
 in 1767, but afterwards returned and became 
 organist at Dudley and Chesterfield. He 
 died at Chesterfield about 1830. 
 
 WoEKS. — Sonatas, duets, divertissements, 
 etc., for pf. ; Twelve favourite airs for two 
 German Flutes [1800] ; Marches for pf . [1810]. 
 So7igs : Balmy pledge of love, Happy the 
 youth. When absent, etc. 
 
 His son, Edwin John Nielson, born in 
 1812, was one of the foundation students of 
 the R.A.M. He composed a number of songs 
 between 183.3 — 1840, of which may be named 
 — Better land, Happy home, I hae naebody 
 
298 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 NIGHTINGALE. 
 
 now, Mary, Queen of Scots' adieu, Norwe- 
 gian love song. Remember me, etc. He was 
 a harpist and composed some music for harp 
 and pf. The surname of these musicians is 
 spelt variousl_y Neilson and Nielsen. 
 
 Nightingale, John Charles, composer 
 and organist, was born about 1785. Organist 
 of the Foundling Hospital, London. He 
 died about 1837. He issued a " Collection of 
 psalm and hymn tunes, odes, etc., in 3 and 4 
 parts," London [1824], and composed rondos, 
 waltzes, and arrangemexits for the pf. Also 
 arranged " The celebrated choruses from 
 Handel's oratorios for the organ " ; "A selec- 
 tion of overtures from Handel's most cele- 
 brated oratorios, arranged for the organ and 
 pf." He wrote some Familiar voluntaries for 
 the organ, which were issued in a collected 
 form as a Series of voluntaries, about 1855 ; 
 and composed Battle songs ; Indian lover's 
 song; Man to nran, and other songs and 
 vocal music. 
 
 Joseph C. Nightingale, born 1822, was 
 an organist in Liverpool. 
 
 Nimmo, Robert Hamilton, tenor vocal- 
 ist, born at Catrine, September 10, 1836. He 
 was a ftiusic seller and gave concerts, chiefly 
 of Scot's music, in various parts of Scotland. 
 He died at Glasgow, March 20, 1893. He 
 wrote the song, " Creep before ye gang," and 
 others of a like nature. 
 
 Nisbet, James, tenor vocalist and writer, 
 born 1817; died at Liverpool, February 29, 
 1884. Author of a " Vocal Primer, or stu- 
 dent's singing manual," Glasgow [1860], and 
 other works. 
 
 Nixon, Henry George, composer and 
 organist, was born at Winchester, February 
 20, 1796. He was organist of St. George's 
 Chapel, London Road, from 1817 to 1820 
 next of Warwick Street Chapel, 1820-36 
 then of St. Andrew's Roman Catholic Chapel 
 Glasgow, 1836-39 ; and finally of St. George's 
 Roman Catholic Cathedral, London, 1839-49. 
 He died in London of cholera, in 1849. 
 
 Works. — Five Masses and other music for 
 the Roman Catholic Church service. Nu- 
 merous airs arranged for the ])i. There 
 came to the lady's gate a knight, and other 
 songs, etc. 
 
 He was a nephew of Henry Nixon, born 
 at Liverpool, 1787 ; died July 25, 1834, who 
 was a writer on music and inventor of a 
 musical instrument called the Eolina. H. 
 G. Nixon was married, in 1818, to Caroline 
 Melissa Danby (died 1857), a daughter of 
 Danby the glee composer. They had a large 
 family, among whom may be named James 
 Cassana (1828-42), a viclinist, and Henry 
 Cotter, noticed below. 
 
 Nixon, Henry Cotter, fourth son of 
 H. G. Nixon, was born in London in 1842. 
 Studied under H. Deval, Henry Smart, Dr. 
 
 NODES. 
 
 Steggall, and G. A. Macfairen. Became 
 F.C.O., 1867 ; graduated Mus. Bac, 1876, 
 Cambridge. Organist of St. Peter's, Wool- 
 wich, 1864-8 ; St. James's, Spanish Place, 
 1870 ; St. Mary Magdalene's, St. Leonard's- 
 on-Sea, 1872-7. Conductor of an orchestral 
 society there. Now resident in London. He 
 won the Trinity College, London, prize, 1880, 
 for Pf. trio ; 1881, for Sonata, pf. and 'cello ; 
 also prizes for six-part madrigal, Brighton 
 Sacred Harmonic, 1889, and that of £25 
 offered by ]\Iethven, Simpson, Edinburgh, 
 1893, for the best set of two-part songs. His 
 other works include Psalm 95, for soli, chorus 
 and orchestra ; Overture, " Titania " ; Sym- 
 phonic poem, " Palamon and Arcite," both 
 for orchestra ; pf. pieces ; songs, etc. 
 
 Noble, Charles, organist, born at South- 
 well, Notts, September 17, 1812. He was 
 organist of St. ]\Iartin's, Stamford ; of St. 
 Mary's Nottingham, for 38 years ; and lastly 
 of Southwell Minster. He died at Southwell, 
 September 10, 1885. As a teacher he was 
 very successful, and highly estaemed. 
 
 Samuel John Noble, organist and pianist, 
 was King's Scholar, R.A.M., 1839. Pupil of 
 W. H. Holmes. He played at the Wednesday 
 Concerts, Exeter Hall, London, 1849 ; and 
 was organist of Spitalsfield Parish Church ; 
 and of St. Mary-at-Hill, 1861. Another 
 Samuel Noble, an alto singer, is a Gentle- 
 man of the Chapel Royal, St. James's. 
 
 Noble, Thomas Tertius, organist and 
 composer, born at Bath, ilay 5, 1867. Edu- 
 cated at R.C.]\I., where he was exhibitioner 
 and scholar, under Walter Parratt, Yilliers 
 Stanford, and J. F. Bridge. A.R.C.M. 
 When fourteen was organist of All Saints', 
 Colchester; and after leaving the R.C.M.> 
 was appointed successively to St. John's, 
 Wilton Road, S.W., 1889 ; Assistant organist, 
 Trinity College, Cambridge, 1890 ; and organ- 
 ist and choirmaster, Ely Cathedral, 1892. 
 There he has been active in promoting special 
 services, introducing Haydn's "Passion," and 
 other works of iniportance. He has a num- 
 ber of compositions, including an organ 
 sonata, in MS. Of his published works the 
 principal is a setting of the Communion Office, 
 scored for voices, organ, horns, trumpets, trom- 
 bones, and drums (1891). A Solemn March, 
 and other pieces for organ, are also published. 
 He has also composed music to the A.D.C. 
 burlesque, Jupiter, at Cambridge. 
 
 Nodes, 0., musician of early part of 
 present century, edited with J. Bowcher 
 " A Selection of Psalm and Hymn Tunes 
 adapted to the various metres now in use in 
 all churches, chapels, and dissenting congre- 
 gations throughout Great Britain," London 
 1 1803]. He also issued "A Selection of 
 Psalm and Hymn Tunes," London [1806] ,. 
 published in numbers. 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 299 
 
 NORBUEY. 
 
 Norbury, John, author of " The Box of 
 
 Whistles, an iUustrated book on organ cases ; 
 with notes on organs at home and abroad," 
 London, 1877. 
 
 Norcome, Daniel, musician and com- 
 poser, was born at Windsor in 1576. He was 
 a son of one of the lay-clerks at Windsor, and 
 was probably a singer in the Chapel Royal 
 there. He is stated to have left England on 
 account of his religion, and he became a 
 member of the band in the Arch-ducal Chapel 
 at Brussels, Avhere he was in 1647. He com- 
 posed " With angel's face and brightness," 
 a madrigal in the " Triumphs of Oriana," 
 1601. 
 
 Norledge, Annie E., soprano vocalist, 
 born at Newark, Nottingham. At first she 
 studied the violin, being a scholar of R.C.M., 
 and later, a student at the Leipzig Conserva- 
 torium. She played the viola in the first 
 Ladies' Quartet in Leipzig. After her return 
 she studied singing under W. Shakespeare. 
 For some short time she played violin at 
 various concerts, but is now favourably known 
 as an accomplished vocalist, having appeared 
 with success in many parts of the United 
 Kingdom. 
 
 Norman, Helen S., see sitb., Standing, 
 F. H. 
 
 Nermann, Rudolf, see Harris, George 
 Frederick. 
 
 Norris, Thomas, composer, and tenor 
 vocalist, born at Mere, near Salisbury, about 
 August, 1741. He became a chorister in 
 Salisbury Cathedral under Stephens. Sang 
 at Worcester and Hereford Festivals, 1761-62; 
 and at Drury Lane Theatre, 1762. Organist 
 of Christ Church, Oxford, 1765. Mus. Bac, 
 Oxon., 1765. Organist of St. John's College, 
 Oxford, 1765. Lay-clerk of IMagdalen College, 
 Oxford, 1771. Sang at Handel Commemora- 
 tion, 1784. He died at Himley Hall, near 
 Stourbridge, September .3, 1790. 
 
 Works. — Six Symphonies for 2 violins, 
 2 hautboys, 2 French horns, a tenor and bass, 
 op. 1, London [1770] . Eight solo songs for 
 voice and harpsichord, Oxford [1775] . Songs 
 in "Amusement for Ladies." Four glees. 
 Anthems, etc. 
 
 North, Francis, Lord Guildford, writer, 
 bor)i in 1637, died in 1685. Held several 
 important legal appointments, but has interest 
 in a musical sense only as the author of " A 
 Philosophical Essay on Music," 1677. His 
 brother Roger (1650-1733), was a miscellane- 
 ous writer, who left in MS. " Memoirs of 
 Musick,...now first printed from the original 
 MS. and edited, with copious notes, by E. F. 
 Rimbault," London, 1846. This is an inter- 
 esting work, containing a fund of information 
 on events in the musical history of the author's 
 period. 
 
 North, James M., vocal teacher and 
 
 NOVELLO. 
 
 composer, born at Huddersfield in 1835. He 
 was taken to the United States in 1842, and 
 was a pupil of Lowell Mason, G. F. Root, and 
 G. J. Webb. He was successively a teacher 
 in St. Louis, and in the New York State 
 Normal School, Albany, from 1859 to 1860. 
 Afterwards director of music in the public 
 schools. Editor of Vocal exercises and various 
 collections of music for church and choral 
 society use. 
 
 North, John, conductor, and teacher of 
 singing, born at Huddersfield in 1852. In 
 1862 he entered the business of Wood and 
 IMarshall, Huddersfield, and afterwards became 
 a partner. Learnt to play pf. and violin ; 
 was in the theatre orchestra, and ultimately 
 leader. Conductor of the Huddersfield Glee 
 and IMadrigal Society ; Philharmonic Society ; 
 and Festival Choral Society, the last one ot 
 the finest in existence ; also conducted other 
 societies in the district. Was for some years 
 organist of New North Road Ba^Dtist Chapel, 
 but resigned in 1887. He died at Huddersfield, 
 October 12, 1891. 
 
 North, Robert Augustus, Examiner in 
 IMusic to the New Zealand Government, pub- 
 lished in London, 1896, a work, entitled, 
 " Voxometric Revelation." 
 
 Norton, Hon. Mrs., bom Caroline 
 Elizabeth Sarah Sheridan, daughter of 
 Thomas Sheridan, grand-daughter of R. B. 
 Sheridan, and sister of Helen Lady Dufferin 
 (q.v.). She was born in 1809. Best known 
 as a novelist and poetess. In February, 1877, 
 she was married for the second time to Sir 
 William Stirling-Maxwell, Bart. She died at 
 liondon, June 15, 1877. Joint composer of 
 "A Set of Ten Songs, etc., by tw^o sisters" 
 [1888] . Composer of Set of Seven Songs and 
 a duet, 3 sets [c. 1840] ; Songs of affection ; 
 Avenge the wrong of Adam Leslie ; Blind 
 girls' lament ; Love of Helen Douglas; Mother's 
 lament, and other songs. Health to the 
 outward bound, glee. Words of a number of 
 popular songs, like Blockley's " Love not," 
 " Arab's farewell to his steed," etc. 
 
 Novello, Clara Anastasia, so]5rano 
 vocalist, born at London, June 10, 1818. 
 Daughter of Vincent Novello. She studied 
 at Paris Conservatory, and under John 
 Robinson, of York. On January 7, 1838, she 
 sang at the first concert of the Vocal Society, 
 Hanover Square Rooms, London, and appeared 
 at Windsor in the same year. Sang at Ancient 
 and Philharmonic Concerts, and at all the 
 important Provincial Festivals, and at the 
 Gewandhaus Concerts, Leipzig, in Italy, etc. 
 She married Count Gigliucci, 1843, and retired 
 in 1860. 
 
 Novello, Joseph Alfred, publisher and 
 musician, born at London in 1810. Eldest 
 son of Vincent Novello. Choir-master of 
 Lincoln's Inn Chapel. Bass vocalist at 
 
300 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 NOVELLO. 
 
 various concerts. Publisher under title of 
 Novello & Co. in succession to the business 
 founded by his father. Retired to Genoa in 
 1856, and died tliere, July 16, 1896. He wrote 
 " Analysis of Vocal Rudiments by Question 
 and Answer," London, n.d. ; " Concise Ex- 
 planations of the Gregorian Note," London, 
 1842, etc. Wrote English version of ]\Iendel- 
 ssohn's " Lobgesang." He invented a form 
 of vessel that was claimed to prevent sea- 
 sickness. 
 
 Novello, Mary Sabilla, writer, and 
 soprano vocalist, daughter of Vincent Novello. 
 Appeared as singer at various places, but now 
 known only as writer of a ' 'Vocal School, etc . . , " 
 London, n.d. ; " Voice, and Vocal Art," n.d. 
 
 Novello, Vincent, organist, composer, and 
 publisher, born, London, September 6, 1781. 
 Chorister in the Sardinian Chapel, Duke 
 Street, under S. Webbe. Deputj' organist to 
 Webbe and Danby. Organist of the Portu- 
 guese Chapel, 1797-1822. Founded the firm 
 of Novello & Co., in 1811. Pianist to Italian 
 Opera, London, 1812. Organist of Roman 
 Catholic Chapel, in Moorfields, 1840 - 43. 
 Member of Philharmonic Society, and founder 
 of the Classical Harmonists Society. He 
 retired to Nice, and died there August 9, 1861. 
 
 Works. — Collections of church music, con- 
 sisting of selections from the writings of 
 composers of all times. Anthems, kyries, 
 hymns, and other church music. Cathedral 
 voluntaries for organ, eight books of selec- 
 tions. Short melodies for organ, in six books. 
 Select organ pieces, in 18 books containing 
 numerous original pieces. Rosalba, cantata. 
 ]\Iasses, various. Collection of motets for 
 the Offertory. Convent music, collection of 
 sacred pieces. Studies in vocal counterpoint, 
 consisting of rounds, etc. Surrey Chapel 
 music. Glees, songs, etc. The works of 
 Purcell (sacred). The Fitzwilliam mu.sic. 
 Madrigalian studies, London, eight ptirts, 
 1841. A Biographical Sketch of Henry Pur- 
 cell, from the best authorities, London [1832], 
 
 Nunn, Edward Cuthbert, comisoserand 
 pianist, of present time. Studied at R.A.]\I. 
 Won the Lucas Medal for Composition, 1887 ; 
 Bennett Scholarship, 1888. A.R.A.M. Resi- 
 dent at Leytonstone, Essex. He has given 
 pf. recitals, but is better known by his com- 
 positions. The chief are : Psalm 100, for 
 baritone solo and chorus, performed, Leyton- 
 stone, 1891 ; Cantatas and o^ierettas, William 
 Tell, or A n(arrow) escape; Sir Rupert the 
 Fear'ess ; Prince Kamar-al-Zaman, 1894; 
 Sappho, etc. Pieces for pf., organ ; an Even- 
 ing Service, songs, etc. 
 
 Nunn, Elizabeth Annie, composer, died 
 at Falljwfield, Manchester, January 7, 1894, 
 at the age of 33. She published a IMass in C, 
 for soli, chorus and orchestra, op. 4 ; and 
 other liturgical music. 
 
 OAKELEY. 
 
 Nunn, John Hopkins, organist and con- 
 ductor, born at Burv St. Edmunds, November 
 10, 1827. Studied at R.A.M., of which Insti- 
 tution he is. a Fellow. Organist at Sherborne 
 in 1852, removing to Penzance in 1854, where 
 he has been organist of St. ]\Iary's Church 
 since 1859. Conductor of Penzance Choral 
 Society, which has given many good concerts. 
 He has composed a Te Deum, anthems, etc. 
 His daugters, Gerteude and Henrietta, 
 have been heard as vocalists in the Western 
 counties, and in March, 1885, sang at the 
 Monday Popular Concerts. The first-named 
 is a violoncellist of some distinction. John 
 Nunn, possibly related, was at one time living 
 at Bury St. Edmunds ; and for many years 
 was organist of St. Paul's Church, Bedford. 
 From about 1840 to 1860, he took an active 
 part in concert giving, and was principal 
 violin of the Bedford Sacred Harmonic 
 Society. 
 
 Nunn, Robert Lindley, organist and 
 pianist, born at Burv St. Edmunds, July 15, 
 1826. Brother of John H. Nunn. Student, 
 Associate, and Fellow, R.A.M. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1867. Organist of St. 
 ]Mary-le-Tower, Ipswich, 1856-81 ; and some- 
 time organist of Queen Elizabeth School. 
 Has been a concert giver and performer at 
 Ipswich. Colchester, and other places, from 
 1853. Resident at Ipswich as teacher, etc. 
 He has two daughters, talented musicians, 
 the one a violinist, the other a pianist, pupil 
 of the Paris Conservatoire. Edwin Nunn, 
 F.C.O., of Ipswich, is the musical editor of 
 " Hymns and chants for female voices," No- 
 vello, 1884, compiled for the use of the 
 Ipswich High School. He also gave concerts 
 at Ipswich, 1882-4. 
 
 Nusum, Q., was, 1884, organist of the 
 Roman Catholic Cathedral, Demerara, British 
 Guiana, and accompanist to the Demerara 
 Musical Society. In 1892, G. W. Nusum was 
 appointed organist of the New Cathedral, 
 Demerara, and opened the new organ therein, 
 March 22, 1893, with a recital. 
 
 Oalceley, Sir Herbert Stanley, Kt., 
 
 composer, organist, and conductor, born at 
 Ealing, Middlesex, July 22, 1830. Second 
 son of Sir Herbert Oakeley, Bart., and of 
 Athole Murray, niece of the fourth Duke of 
 Athole. Educated at Rugbv School, and 
 Christ Church, Oxford, graduating B.A., 1853, 
 and ]\I.A., 1856. He had at an early age shown 
 decided taste and talent for music, and at 
 Oxford studied harmony under Stephen Elvey. 
 On leaving the University he went to Leipzig 
 and studied with Plaidy, Moscheles, and 
 Papi^eritz ; then under Johann Schneider, 
 Dresden ; and finally with Professor H. Karl 
 Breidenstein, at Bonn. Though intended for 
 another profession, he now determined to 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 301 
 
 OAKELEY. 
 
 devote himself to music ; and in 1865 became 
 a candidate for the Raid Chair at Edinburgh. 
 He was elected, and the position of the Pro- 
 fessorship, so much improved by his prede- 
 cessor, John Donaldson (q.v.), was much 
 enhanced by his worlc. The annual " Raid 
 Concert " became a three-days' Festival, and 
 the fine performances of the Halle orchestra 
 gave a great impulse to the study and appre- 
 ciation of orchestral music in Scotland. His 
 organ recitals, and the concerts of the Edin- 
 burgh University Musical Society helped 
 forward the cause of musical education in the 
 district. In 1864 he was elected member of 
 a society called " Quirites," at Rome, and 
 after his Edinburgh appointments many 
 distinctions were awarded him : Mus. Doc, 
 Cantuar, 1871 ; Mus. Doc, Cambridge, /io/(oris 
 causd, 1871 ; the same, Oxford, 1879 ; LL.D., 
 Aberdeen, 1881 ; D.C.L., Toronto, 1886 ; Mus. 
 Doc, Dublin, 1887; St. Andrew's, 1888; 
 Adelaide, 1895; LL.D., Edinburgh, 1891; 
 and on his resignation of the Chair of Music 
 in May of that year, he was made Emeritus 
 Professor, 1892. He was also elected an Hon. 
 Member of Institutions at Bologna, and Rome. 
 
 In 1876, at the inauguration of the Scottish 
 National Monument to the late Prince Con- 
 sort, the music was directed and composed by 
 the Professor, who received the honour of 
 knighthood from the Queen, at Holyrood. 
 Ha was appointed composer to the Queen, in 
 Scotland ; President of the Cheltenham 
 Musical Festival, from 1887. Besides his 
 professional work, he has lectured and given 
 organ performances in various places ; and 
 was for some years musical correspondent of 
 The Guardian, and contributor to other 
 journals. 
 
 Works. — Vocal .■ Jubilee Lyric, a short 
 cantata, Cheltenham Festival, 1887 ; Who is 
 this that comath from Edom ? Six short 
 anthems ; The Glory of Lebanon, composed 
 for 800th anniversary of consecration of Win- 
 chester Cathedral, and performed there, April 
 9, 1893 ; Behold, now praise the Lord ; Seek 
 Him that maketh the seven stars ; and other 
 anthams. Service in E fiat ; Psalms and 
 Hymns for men's voices ; Six hymns, with 
 orchestra ; Hymn tunes in Hymns Ancient 
 and Modern, and other collections ; Bible 
 Psalter ; Prayer Book Psalter, edited. Twenty 
 songs ; Album of 26 songs, dedicated to Her 
 Majesty ; Six songs, op. 2 ; Tears, idle tears, 
 with orchestra, sung by Mile. Titiens at the 
 Birmingham Festival, 1873 ; To Mary ; and 
 many other songs. Three duets, German 
 words, op. 8. Quartets, op. 7, 8 ; Students' 
 songs; Six part-songs for man's voices, op. 17; 
 Four nremorial choruses ; Choral songs, op. 25. 
 National melodies (Scottish), op. 18. Forty 
 choruses, with orchestral accompaniment, 
 for Edinburgh University Musical Society, 
 
 O'CAROLAN. 
 
 etc. Insti umental : Suite in Olden Style, 
 Cheltenham Festival, 1898 ; Edinburgh Festal 
 March, Liverpool, 1874 ; Funeral March, 
 op. 23 ; IMinuet, Chester Festival, 1885 ; 
 Pastorale, Manchester, 1891, all for orchestra. 
 Sonata in A, op. 20 ; Rondo Capriccioso ; 
 Romance, op. 21 ; Three romances, pf. 
 Gavotte and musette, organ. Arrangements, 
 etc. 
 
 Oakey, George, composer, writer, and 
 teacher, born at St. Pancras, London, Octo- 
 ber 14, 1841. Self taught in music. Gained 
 first prizes in Societj' of Arts Examination 
 under Hullah, 1869, and under Macfarren, 
 1873. Graduated ]\Ius. Bac, Cambridge, 
 1877. Examiner in harmony and composi- 
 tion. Tonic Sol-fa College ; professor of the 
 same, City of London College. Ha has 
 composed Psalm 100, for soli, chorus and 
 orchestra. Anthems : Blessed be the Lord ; 
 Praise the Lord of Hosts. Part-songs : The 
 Daisies peep ; Pack clouds away ; The Beacon 
 Light, etc. Hymns, chants, and arrange- 
 ments of national airs, madrigals, glees, etc.,. 
 for mixed and for equal voices, published in 
 various collections. Author of Construction 
 Exercises in Harmony, 1877 ; Text Book of 
 Counterpoint, 1878, eight editions, rewritten 
 and enlarged, 1890 ; Text Book of Harmony,. 
 1884, seven editions ; Text Book of Musical 
 Elements, 1886, five editions ; Compendium 
 of Harmony, 1889 ; Figured Bass, 1891, two 
 editions ; and New Graded Exercises in Har- 
 mony, 1894. All published by Curwen, 
 London. 
 
 O'Cahen, Rory Dall. See Morison, 
 Roderick. 
 
 O'CaroIan, or Carolan, Turlough, com- 
 poser and harp-player, born at Baile-Nusah,^ 
 or Newton, West IMeath, in 1670. He became 
 blind when about 16 years old, but married 
 and settled on a farm at Mosshill, J^eitrim, 
 where his extravagant manner of living 
 caused his ruin and he was forced to become 
 an itinerant harper. He travailed much 
 about the country, and became widely known 
 as a minstrel and boon companion. He died 
 at Alderford House, March 25, 1738. He was 
 a poet and composed a large number of 
 popular Irish tunes, such as " Bumper Squire 
 Jones," " Bridget Cruise," " Liquor of Life," 
 and " Savourna Deelish." His musical works 
 were published in 1747, and again about 1785 
 as " A Favourite Collection of the so much 
 admired old Irish tunes, the original and 
 genuine compositions of Carolan, the cele- 
 brated Irish bard. Set for tlie harpsichord, 
 violin and German flute," Dublin, John Lee, 
 n.d. ; but it is understood that onl}- a very 
 small number of his tunas have bean pre- 
 served or identified. Specimens of his works 
 will be found in Hardiman, Bunting, and 
 Walker. 
 
302 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 O'CARROLL. 
 
 O'CarrolI, Patrick, author of " A Royal 
 Road to Pianoforte Playing, 1888. 
 
 O'Daly, Qerald, Irish harpist and com- 
 poser, of last century. The supposed com- 
 poser of " Eileen a Roon," now adapted to 
 the song, " Robin Adair." 
 
 Odier, Ludovic, author of " Epistola 
 Physiologica Inauguralis de Elementariis 
 MusicsB Sensationibus," Edinburgh, 1770. 
 Treatise on the connection between Music 
 and Medicine. 
 
 O'Donnely, T. J., Abbe, author of " The 
 Academy of elementary music, containing a 
 lucid exposition of the theory and basis of 
 the practice from its primary notions to those 
 of composition," etc., London, 1841 ; Paris, 
 1842. 
 
 O' Kelly, Joseph, violinist and composer, 
 born at Boulogne-sur-Mer in 1829. He studied 
 under Osborne, Kalkbrenner, etc., and resided 
 at Paris as a musician. He died at Paris, 
 January, 1885. 
 
 Works. — Paraguassii, Poem Lyrique in 3 
 parts, 1855 ; Ruse centre Ruse, operetta. 
 Cantata for centenary of O'Connell, Dublin, 
 1878. Luten de Galway, oi^era, 1878 ; La 
 Zingarella, opera, 1879. Songs. Pf. music. 
 
 Okeover, John, organist and composer 
 of the 17th century. He was organist and 
 vicar-choral of Wells Cathedral. In 1G33 he 
 graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford. 
 
 Okay, Maggie, pianist, studied at the 
 London Academy of Music, and appeared with 
 success at the Promenade Concerts, Covent 
 Garden, August, 1882. She gave concerts 
 from that vear, and has played at Vienna, 
 in 1883 ; Berlin, 1887 ; Paris, 1889 ; in America, 
 1890-1, etc. She has also played at the 
 Monday and Saturday Popular Concerts ; the 
 Crystal Palace ; and the Philharmonic, 1891. 
 In 1884 she was married to Vladimir de Pach- 
 mann, and was divorced some years later. 
 She has composed a sonata for pf . and violin ; 
 Romance in E, do. ; Theme, with variations, 
 pf., etc. 
 
 Old, John, composer and conductor, born 
 at Totness, South Devon, May 28, 1827. 
 Descended from an ancient family that occu- 
 pied Rowton Hall for more than four centuries. 
 He studied first under John and Edwin Loder, 
 1842; then at R.A.M. under Bennett and 
 Goss ; and later with Thalberg and Molique. 
 Resident for some time at Torquay as teacher 
 and conductor of a choral society. He after- 
 wards settled at Reading, founding the Lay- 
 ston College of jMusic. He composed a sacred 
 drama, " The Seventh Seal " ; an opera, 
 " Heme the Hunter," performed in Reading 
 Town Hall, December 14, 1887 ; and an over- 
 ture, " Tenth of March " (on the marriage of 
 the Prince of Wales). He also wrote a number 
 of pieces for pf. : Etude de Concert; Reveries; 
 Impromptus, etc.; Part-songs; Songs: I have 
 
 O'LEARY. 
 
 a home in fairyland ; Meet me at morn ; My 
 native vale, etc. He died at Reading, Feb- 
 ruary 4, 1892 ; and at his request a copy of 
 his opera. Heme the Hunter, and two other 
 compositions, were buried with him. 
 
 Oldham, S. Emily, composer, of present 
 time. Has given concerts in London, and is 
 the composer of a number of songs, among 
 which may be mentioned His ship ; Her 
 voice ; Fair is the dawn ; Guardami ; Loyal 
 and true, etc. IMinuet for pf. 
 
 Another Miss E. Oldham is an Associate of 
 R.C.M., and professor of the pianoforte at the 
 Royal Irish Academy of IMusic, Dublin. 
 
 Oldmixon, Lady, bom George, soprano 
 vocalist, was born in 1768. She sang in oppo- 
 sition to Mrs. Billington at Dublin, 1789, and 
 appeared at Drury Lane Theatre, the Oratorio, 
 and other Ijondon concerts. Biography 
 unknown. 
 
 O'Leary, Arthur, composer and pianist, 
 born at Tralee, County Kerry, Ireland, March 
 15, 1834. He came of a musical family, his 
 grandfather having been a teacher of music, 
 his father (died, 1846), organist of the parish 
 church, Tralee, and his uncle (died, 1893, aged 
 100 or 102), organist of Killarney Cathedral. 
 When quite a child, Arthur O'Leary's playing 
 attracted the attention of Mr. Wyndham 
 Goold, and through his friendship the boy 
 was sent to the Conservatorium, Leipzig, in 
 1847, and studied under Plaidy, Moscheles, 
 Richter, etc. Returning to England, he 
 entered the R.A.]\I., 1852, and studied under 
 Potter and Bennett. Several compositions 
 from his pen date from his student days. In 
 1856, he was appointed a professor at the 
 R.A.IM., and, later, elected a Fellow. Com- 
 menced concert giving about 1858. He has 
 lectured on music, and contributed to the 
 musical press ; and held appointments at the 
 National Training School for IMusic, 1876 ; 
 Guildhall School, from its opening ; and at 
 the Crystal Palace School of Science and Art, 
 1886, etc. Member of the Philharmonic So- 
 ciety. Edited Sterndale Bennett's Pf. works. 
 In 1860 he married Miss Rosetta Vinning, 
 noticed below. 
 
 Works. — Overture and incidental music to 
 Longfellow's Spanish Student (1854) ; Sym- 
 phony in C ; Suite, orchestra. Concerto, pf. 
 and orchestra. Theme in C, with variations; 
 Toccata in P, performed at the Monday 
 Popular Concerts, December 14, 1885 ; Way- 
 side sketches ; and many other pieces for pf . 
 Six songs : Ask not why I love ; and others. 
 Mass of St. John (unison) ; Ode to the Victor, 
 part-song. Edited Masses by Hummel, 
 Sechter, and Schubert. 
 
 Mrs. O'Leary, daughter of W. S. Vinning, 
 of Newton Abbott, Devon, showed remark- 
 able talent as a child, singing and playing at 
 concerts when seven. Entered the R.A.M., 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 303 
 
 OLIPHANT. 
 
 and won a King's Scholarship, December, 
 1851, and again in 1853. Studied under John 
 Thomas, harp ; W. H. Holmes, pf. ; and 
 Steggall and G. A. Macfarreu, composition. 
 She is a Fellow of the R.A.M., and Associate 
 of the Philharmonic Society. She now de- 
 votes chiefly to voice training, and for some 
 years conducted the South Kensington Ladies' 
 Choir. Her compositions include, I am the 
 Angel ; My Song is Love ; How faithful are 
 thy branches ; My Angel Lassie ; and other 
 songs. 
 
 Oliphant, Thomas, writer and musician, 
 born at Condie, Perthshire, December 25, 
 1799. Member of London Madrigal Society, 
 1830, and acted as its hon. secretarj' for nearly 
 40 years. President of the Madrigal Society. 
 He died at London, March 9, 1873. 
 
 Works. — A brief account of the INIadrigal 
 Society. .. .London, 1835. Short account of 
 Madrigals from their commencement to the 
 present time, London, 1836. La ]\Iusa ]\Iad- 
 rigalesca, or a collection of madrigals, ballets, 
 roundelays, etc., chiefly of the Elizabethan 
 age ; with remarks and annotations, London, 
 1837. Catalogue of MS. Music in the British 
 Lluseum, London, 1842. Ten Favourite 
 Madrigals, arranged from the original part 
 books, with an accompaniment for the pf., 
 London [1836]. Collection of Glees, Madri- 
 gals, etc. (Novello), n.d. Catches and Rounds, 
 by old composers, London [1835]. Ditties of 
 the Olden Time, London [1835] . Arrange- 
 ment of Songs, etc. Tallis' Song of forty 
 parts ; Responses (edited). Stay one moment, 
 gentle river, madrigal. Poetry for various 
 pieces of vocal music. Swedish part-songs 
 
 (1860); German songs London, 1838-49, 
 
 issued in numbers. Six ancient part-songs 
 for five voices, London, [1845] . Songs. 
 
 Olive, Joseph, organist and composer, 
 who was organist of St. Botolph's, Aldersgate 
 Street, London, about the middle of last 
 century. He died at London, October 8, 
 1786. 
 
 Works. — All for Scarlet, an interlude, 1785 ; 
 India Hoa, interlude [1770] . Six songs for 
 a voice and harpsichord. Bacchus, god of 
 joys divine, duet [1775] . Songs : Farewell, 
 Fox hunters. Lover's declaration, etc. 
 ■ Another Olive, Edmund, was probably the 
 son or other relative of the above. He was 
 organist of the parish church of Warrington, 
 and is said to have held a similar office at 
 Bangor Cathedral. Died at Warrington, No- 
 vember 18, 1824. He compiled " Sixteen 
 Psalm Tunes, adapted for three voices. . . .as 
 sung in the parish church of Warrington," 
 Warrington, Booth [1820] , 2nd. edit. 
 
 Oliver, Frederick, bandmaster, born 
 about 1812. He was bandmaster of the 20th 
 Regiment for 31 years, and served in India, 
 Burniah, and in the Crimean War ; was also 
 
 ONSLOW. 
 
 bandmaster in the Donegal Militia, and the 
 3rd Battalion of the 60th Rifles. In 1863 he 
 went to Kelso as bandmaster to the seventh 
 Duke of Roxburgh, whose band he brought 
 to a high state of efficiency. He conducted 
 a performance before the Queen on the occa- 
 sion of her visit to Floors Castle in 1867. Up 
 to his eightieth year he played solos on the 
 saxophone. He died at Croydon, Surrey, in 
 February, 1892, aged 82. 
 
 O'Mara, Joseph, tenor vocalist, born in 
 Limerick, July 16, 1866, son of James O'Mara, 
 J. P., late High Sherrif! for Limerick City. 
 Educated at the Jesuit College there, and 
 was trained in the Tonic Sol-fa method of 
 singing. For some time was manager of his 
 father's business, and, for two years, sang in 
 the choir of Limerick Cathedral. In 1889 
 he gave up business, and went to Milan to 
 study singing under Perini, and Moretti. At 
 the end of 1890 he returned to England, and 
 was at once engaged for the Royal English 
 Opera House, where he appeared, February 4, 
 
 1891, in the title-part of " Ivanhoe." He 
 then took lessons from Edwin Holland. In 
 
 1892, he sang at the Monday Popular Con- 
 certs, and has since appeared at the principal 
 London and provincial concerts. Has been 
 in Sir Augustus Harris's Grand Opera at 
 Drury Lane, and Covent Garden, since 1893, 
 in a variety of characters, and created the 
 part of Hike Murphy in Stanford's " Shamus 
 O'Brien," produced March 2, 1896. He is 
 now in the front rank of opera singers. 
 
 O'Neil, Henry John, bandmaster and 
 cornet player, born, Dublin, March 25, 1841. 
 He studied under H. Konig, and acted as 
 bandmaster in the Navy, 1859-62. He settled 
 in Edinburgh, and became a member of the 
 leading orchestras, and about 1879 was 
 appointed Queen's trumpeter. Bandmaster 
 of the Royal Scots Fusiliers, and of the 3rd 
 battalion of the Volunteer Highland Light 
 Infantry. 
 
 O'Neill, Arthur, Irish harper and col- 
 lector, born in 1726 ; died near Armagh, in 
 October, 1816. He was possessed of great 
 stores of traditional melodies, etc., and was 
 referred to by Bunting when preparing the 
 first portion of his Irish Melodies. 
 
 Onslow, Qeorge, composer, born at Cler- 
 mont-Ferrand, France, July 27, 1784. Grand- 
 son of the first Lord Onslow. He studied 
 inider Hiillmandel, Dussek, Cramer, and 
 Reicha. Resided for a time in Vienna, 1802, 
 but returned to Paris, and received the Cross 
 of the Legion of Honour. Member of the 
 Institut (in succession to Cherubini), 1842. 
 He died at Clermont-Ferrand, October 3, 
 1853. 
 
 Works. — L'Alcade de la Vega, opera, 1824 ; 
 Le Colporteur, opera, 1827 ; Le Due de Guise, 
 opera, 1837. Sj'mphonies for orchestra, op. 
 
304 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ORCHARD. 
 
 41, 42. Quintets for 2 violins, viola, and 2 
 'cellos, or 'cello and bass, opp. 17, 18, 19, 23, 
 24, 25, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 43, 44, 45, 
 51, 57, 58, 59, 61, 67, 68, 72, 73, 74, 78, 80, 82. 
 Quartets for strings, opp. 4, 8, 9, 21, 3G, 44, 
 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 62, 63, 64, 
 65, 66, 69. Trios for pf., violin, and 'cello, 
 opp. 3, 14, 20, 24, 26, 27. Duets for pf. and 
 violin, op. 11, 15, 21, 29, 81. Sextet, op. 30. 
 Sonata for pf. and 'cello, op. 16. Sonatas for 
 pf. solo, op. 1, 2. Sonatas for pf. duet, op. 
 7 22. 
 
 Orchard, W. Arundel, pianist and com- 
 poser, of present time. Went to Australia, 
 1892 (?), and then to Tasmania, where he was 
 appointed organist and choirmaster of St. 
 David's Cathedral, Hobart, 1897. He has 
 written an oratorio, " Easter Morn," produced 
 at Bloomsbury Hall, April 19, 1892 ; also an 
 Andante and Scherzo for pf. and string 
 orchestra, 1891, etc. 
 
 Orger, Caroline, pianist and composer, 
 daughter of Mary Ann Orger, actress and 
 dramatic author (London, 1788, Brighton, 
 1849). Born in London, 1818. Appeared at 
 various co7icerts from the year 1840. Gave 
 her first concert at the Hanover Square 
 Rooms, ]\Iay 3, 1843, when sire introduced her 
 Concerto for the pf. ; and produced a Pf. 
 Trio the next year at a concert given in con- 
 junction with Miss Dolby. The Society of 
 British Musicians brought forward her Pf. 
 Quartet, in 1844 ; in E flat, 1847 ; and a 
 Sonata in G, for 'cello and pf., 1846. In 1846, 
 she married Alexander R. Reinagle (q.v.), and 
 under that name afterwards published a 
 pamphlet, " A few words on Pianoforte play- 
 ing, with rules for fingering passages of 
 frequent occurrence [1855] , Novello. She 
 published Tarantellas and other works for 
 the Pf. ; Sonata for the Pf., op. 6. Three 
 songs by R. Browning (1868), etc. Died at 
 Tiverton, Devon, March 11, 1892, aged 74. 
 
 Orridge, Ellen Amelia, contralto vocal- 
 ist, born at London, August 14, 1856. She 
 studied at the R.A.M. under Garcia, and 
 gained the Thomas (1877), Nilsson (1878), and 
 Parepa-Rosa (1878), prizes. She was well- 
 known at most of the Loirdon and provincial 
 concerts, and was a special favourite in ora- 
 torio music. She died at Guernsey, Septem- 
 ber 16, 1883. 
 
 Osborne, George Alexander, pianist 
 and composer, born at Limerick (where his 
 father was lay-vicar and organist of the 
 Cathedral). September 24, 1806. He was in- 
 tended for the church, but having a strong 
 bias toward music, he taught himself piano- 
 forte playing, assisted his father at the organ, 
 and finally decided upon music as a profession. 
 In 1825 he went to Brussels, finding a home 
 with the Prince de Chimay. There he studied 
 and gave concerts, and was musical instructor 
 
 OSTLERE. 
 
 to the Prince of Orange (the late King of 
 Holland). After the revolution of 1830 he 
 went to Paris (F6tis says in 1826), where he 
 studied under Pixis, Fetis, and Kalkbrenner. 
 He remained there until 1843, occupying a 
 prominent position as performer, teacher, and 
 composer. In 1843 he is said to have settled 
 in London, but he kept up his house in Paris 
 to the end of 1847. He was in London in 
 1844, 1845, and also played at a concert in 
 1848, in which year he seems to have made 
 London his home. From 1849 his concerts 
 were important features of the musical season. 
 
 He was a IMember, and sometime Director, 
 of the Philharmonic Society ; also Director, 
 R. A.M., and associated with other institutions. 
 He retired from active life about 1880, but 
 played occasionally in performances of his 
 chamber music up to November, 1889. Per- 
 sonally acquainted with the greatest musicians 
 of the century, he has penned his memories 
 of them in papers read before the Musical 
 Association, 1878-83. He died at London,. 
 November 16, 1893. 
 
 His compositions comprise two operas ; 
 several vocal scenas ; Three overtures : The 
 Forest Maiden, performed at Alexandra Pal- 
 ace, February, 1876, etc. ; and Marches for 
 orchestra. A Septet, Sestet (performed, Lon- 
 don, 1849), and Quintet for pf., wind, and 
 double bass; Three Trios in A (1844), G, and 
 E (1845), for pf. and strings ; Sonata, pf. and 
 'cello; pieces for violin, etc. A large number 
 of pieces for pf. : La Pluie des Perles ; Ro- 
 mance sans paroles ; La Tenerezza ; Valses, 
 etc., many of them exceedingly popular. 
 With De Beriot he wrote a nvrmber of duets 
 for violin and pf. 
 
 Osman, Fanny Wilson, soprano vocalist, 
 born at Reading. Studied at the R.A.M., 
 and later under Vannuccini. She has sung 
 in oratorio and ballad concerts in London and 
 the provinces with success, and is favourably 
 known as an accomplished artist. 
 
 Osmond, Harold Bartrum, organist 
 and composer, born at Southampton, January 
 19, 1869. Studied at the Guildhall School of 
 Music under D. Beardwell, Henry Gadsby, 
 and other Masters. F.R.C.O., 1888. He was 
 appointed organist of St. Peter's, Bethnal 
 Green, 1884 ; St. Barnabas, Homerton, 1886 ; 
 and, since 1889, has been organist and director 
 of the choir of St. Peter's, Thanet. He is 
 conductor of the Broadstairs and St. Peter's 
 Choral Societies, and of the St. Peter's Church 
 Oratorio Society. His chief compositions are 
 a Sacred Cantata, The Ascension (1886) ; 
 Psalm 23, for baritone solo, chorus, and 
 orchestra (1886) ; Communion Service in E ; 
 Anthems, etc. Symphonic Suite for small 
 orchestra, Margate Philharmonic, 1896, etc. 
 
 Ostlere, May, composer of dance music 
 of present time. Her pieces include waltzes : 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 305 
 
 OSWALD. 
 
 Hypatia, Clytie, Ariadne, Idalia, Isis, Only 
 once more, Spirit of the stars, etc. Polkas : 
 Genesta, Thistledown, Dutch Doll, etc. 
 Marches and songs. 
 
 Oswald, Arthur Louis, baritone vocalist, 
 born at Brighton, July 14, 1858. At first 
 studied as a pianist, at Paris, 1871-2, and at 
 Mayence, with Beyschlag, 1873. Entered 
 R.A.M., 1873, studied with Manuel Garcia 
 until 1877, when he went to Milan for two 
 years. Made his debut in opera at Varese, 
 appearing in Figaro, II Barbiere, Faust, etc. 
 In 1879 returned to London. Sang at the 
 Monday Popular Concerts, Crystal Palace, and 
 Philharmonic Concerts in 1880, achieving a 
 high' position at once. He has also sung in 
 oratorio. In 1886 he was appointed a professor 
 of singing at the R.A.M., and elected a Fellow 
 in 1891. He was appointed a professor of the 
 Guildhall School of Music in 1896. 
 
 Oswald, James, musician and editor, 
 born in Scotland about 1710-1711. He was a 
 dancing-master in Dunfermline, and after- 
 wards a teacher of music and dancing in 
 Edinburgh. He settled in London in 1742, 
 and was engaged in business as a music-seller 
 at the Pavement, St. Martin's Churchyard. 
 He became chamber composer to George III. 
 in 1761. He died at Knebworth, Herts., in 
 1769, aged 58. 
 
 Works. — A Curious Collection of Scots 
 tunes for a violin, bass viol, or Germa,n flute, 
 with a thorough-bass for the harpsichord, 
 Edinburgh, n.d. [c. 1740]. Collection of 
 curious Scots tunes for a violin, German flute, 
 or harpsichord, London, n.d. [c. 1742] . The 
 Caledonian Pocket Companion, containing a 
 favourite collection of Scotch tunes, with 
 variations for the German flute or violin, 
 London [c. 1742-1759] , issued in 12 books, 
 forming 2 volumes of 6 books each. Six 
 pastoral solos for a violin and violoncello, 
 with a thorough-bass for the organ or harpsi- 
 chord, London, n.d. Sis Songs compos'd in 
 the Scotch taste, for a person of distinction. 
 Humbly inscribed to Her Grace the Dutchess 
 of Hamilton, London, n.d. [1750] . Airs for 
 the Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter, 
 London, n.d., issued in 4 parts. Collection of 
 Scots tunes, with variations. .. London, n.d. 
 Ten Favourite Songs, sung by Miss Formantel, 
 at Ranelagh, London, n.d. Fifty-five marches 
 for the IMilitia. .. London, n.d. Collection of 
 the best old Scotch and English songs set for 
 the voice, with accompaniments and thorough 
 bass for the harpsichord, London, n.d. 
 
 Ould, Charles, violoncellist, born at 
 Romford, Essex, July 19, 1835. Has played 
 in the principal orchestras in London and the 
 provincial festivals, and appeared as soloist in 
 Birmingham, at the Harrison and Stockley 
 concerts, etc. He has played at the Monday 
 Popular Concerts, and is a member of the 
 
 OUSELEY. 
 
 Gompertz string quartet, giving concerts in 
 the Queen's HaH, London, and in the provin- 
 ces. Member of Her Majesty's Private Band. 
 His son, Charles Hopkins Ould, is an 
 excellent pianist, and has acted as accompanist 
 at the Monday Popular Concerts (1885), etc. ; 
 and his daughter, Kate Ould, is a violoncellist 
 who has appeared with success at various 
 chamber concerts in London. 
 
 Ould, Edwin, contrabassist, a member 
 of the Philharmonic and other orchestras, is 
 the composer of a concert overture, produced, 
 1885 ; " L'Esperance," for violin and orches- 
 tra, etc. His son, Percy Ould, violinist, was 
 appointed to St. Andrew's College, Grahams- 
 Town, South Africa, in 1893, and is doing good 
 work in Cape Colony. 
 
 Ouseley, Rev. Sir Frederick Arthur 
 Gore, Bart., composer, organist and writer, 
 was born at London, August 12, 1825. Son of 
 Sir William Ouseley, Bart., whom he succeeded 
 in 1844. He was educated at Oxford, and 
 graduated B.A., 1846; M.A., 1849. Ordained 
 1849. Curate of St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, 
 1849-50. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1850. Mus. Doc, 
 Oxon., 1854. Professor of Music in Oxford 
 University (in succession to Sir Henry Bishop), 
 1855. Precentor of Hereford Cathedral, 1855. 
 M.A. and Mus. Doc, Durham, 1856. Warden 
 of St. Michael's College, and Vicar of St. 
 Michael, Tenbury, 1856. ]\Ius. Doc, Cantab., 
 1862. Hon.. LL.D., Cantab., 1883. Hon. 
 LL.D., Edinburgh, 1885. He died at Here- 
 ford, April 6, 1889. 
 
 Works. — The Martyrdom of St. Polycarp, 
 oratorio, 1855 ; Hagar, oratorio, Hereford 
 Festival, 1873. Church Services in D, B minor, 
 A, G, E, E flat, and D, etc Anthems : And 
 there was a pure river ; Awake, thou that 
 sleepest ; Behold now praise the Lord ; Christ 
 is risen from the dead ; Great is the Lord ; 
 I will give thanks ; I waited patiently for the 
 Lord ; I will magnify Thee, O Lord ; It came 
 even to pass ; In God's Word will I rejoice ; 
 Love not the world ; love the Lord ; sing 
 unto God ; Sing unto the Lord ; The Lord ig 
 King ; The Lord is my Shepherd ; Thus saith 
 the Lord ; Unto Thee will I cry ; Why standest 
 Thou so far off '? etc. The Psalter, arranged 
 for chanting, with appropriate English chants 
 (with E. G. Monk), London, various editions 
 and dates. Anglican Psalter Chants, London 
 [1872] . Eighteen Preludes and Fugues for 
 organ ; Sonata for the opening of the new 
 organ in the Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford ; 
 Three Andantes for organ ; Preludes and 
 Fugires, various. Cathedral Services by 
 English masters [Farrant, Creyghton, Kemp- 
 ton, Child, Kehvay, Aldrich, etc.], London, 
 n.d. [1853] ; Collection of Anthems for certain 
 seasons and festivals (edited), 2 vols., 1861-66; 
 Glees ; Six songs, etc. Treatise on Harmony, 
 Oxford, 1868; 2iad edition, 1876; 3rd edition, 
 
306 
 
 BRLTISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 OVEREND. 
 
 1883. Treatise on Counterpoint, Canon, and 
 Fugue, based upon that of Clierubini, Oxford, 
 1868 ; 2nd edition, 1884. Treatise on Musical 
 Form and General Composition, Oxford, 1875; 
 2nd edition, 1886. Naumann's History of 
 Music, trans, by F. Praeger (edited). Sermons, 
 etc. See ]\Iemorials of Sir Frederick A. G. 
 Ouseley. Bart., by Francis T. Havergal, 1889. 
 By his will he left his musical library to St. 
 Michael's College, Tenbury. The value of his 
 personal estate exceeded £54,000. 
 
 Overend, Marmaduke, organist and 
 writer, who was born in the first half of the 
 18th century. He studied under Boyce, and 
 was organist of Isleworth, Middlesex. He 
 died in 1790. 
 
 Works. — A brief account of, and an intro- 
 ductio)! to, eight lectures on the science of 
 music, London, 1781 ; Twelve sonatas for two 
 violins and violoncello, 1779 ; The Epithala- 
 mium made on the marriage of King George 
 III. and Queen Charlotte [London, 1761] . 
 Vocal music, etc. 
 
 Owen, Alexander, bandmaster and cor- 
 net player, born in 1851. He has been 
 connected for many years with brass bands 
 in Lancashire, and has won many prizes in 
 contests. He was conductor of the Staly- 
 bridge Band ; solo cornet player in the 
 Meltham Mills Band, 1875 ; conductor of the 
 Boarhurst Band, 1877-84 ; of the Black Dvke, 
 1879-88 ; and of the Bes.ses o' th' Barn Band, 
 1884 to the present time. With these fine 
 bands he has given concerts in niany places, 
 and has arranged much music for their use. 
 
 Owen, David, sumamed Davydd y 
 Garkc4 - WEN, harpist and composer, who 
 flourished in Wales about 1722—1751. He is 
 said to have composed the " Rising of the 
 Lark," and other Welsh airs. 
 
 Owen, David, bandmaster and conductor. 
 He was bandmaster of a Highland regiment 
 for some time, and in 1835 succeeded his 
 father as bandmaster of the 2nd Dragoon 
 Guards (Scots Greys). He died in 1867. 
 
 His younger brother, James Arthur Owen, 
 was a pianist and clarionet player. He was 
 born in 1829, and died at Brighton, November 
 5, 1881. Composer of a Romance for cornet 
 and pf. (1855), and a large number of polkas, 
 valses, marches, galops, etc., for pf. and 
 orchestra. He also composed some songs. 
 
 Owen, John, Owain Alaw, composer, 
 teacher, and baritone singer, born at Chester 
 of Welsh parents, November 14, 1821. He 
 was brought up to trade till 1844, when he 
 adopted the musical profession. Organist of 
 various churches in Chester, and a j)rominent 
 advocate of musical education. He died at 
 Chester, January 30, 1888. 
 
 Works. — Jeremiah, oratorio, 1878. Habak- 
 kuk's Prayer, prize cantata (with Ambrose 
 Lloyd), 1851 ; Prince of Wales, cantata, Car- 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 narvon Eisteddfod, 1862. This was the first 
 Welsh secular cantata. Gwalia's Holiday, 
 cantata, Chester, 1866. Anthems, glees, 
 songs, etc. He also edited Gems of Welsh 
 melody, a selection of popular Welsh songs, 
 Ruthin, 1860. The Welsh Harp, airs arranged 
 for four voices ; a collection of tunes for 
 Sunday schools ; a collection of English 
 airs, etc. 
 
 His son, William Henry, was born at 
 Chester in 1845. He was an organist in 
 Dublin, and was killed in a railway accident 
 at Abergele, on August 20, 1868, when re- 
 turning to his post. Some of his anthems 
 were published in Welsh by his father, and a 
 Magnificat by him is in Novello's list. 
 
 Packer, Charles Sandys, organist and 
 composer, born in 1810 ; died at Reading in 
 September, 1883. Student, Associate, and 
 Hon. Member, R.A.M. In 1839 he was tried 
 and condemned for forgery. While a student 
 he wrote an Italian sacred drama, " La ]\Iorte 
 d'Abele," and some vocal scenas. He was a 
 composer of much ability, and his lament- 
 able fall put an end to a career of more than 
 ordinary promise. 
 
 Packwood, Charles, musician, composed 
 " Original Sacred IMusic, consisting of psalm 
 and hymn tunes, etc," London, 1845. 
 
 Paddon, James, organist and composer, 
 was l)orn at Exeter about 1768. Educated 
 in the Cathedral there, and was organist of 
 the Cathedral from 1803. Died at Exeter, 
 June 14, 1835. He composed some sacred 
 music. 
 
 John Paddon, probably the son of the 
 foregoing, composed " Sacred Music, used at 
 Quebec Chapel," London [1810] ; Ballads, 
 dance music, etc. Author of " System of 
 Musical Education," London, 1818. 
 
 Page, Arthur James, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Ipswich, March 3, 1846. 
 Entered Norwich Cathedral as a chorister at 
 the age of seven, and when fourteen was 
 articled for seven years to Dr. Buck. He 
 was taught harmony and counterpoint by 
 Dr. Bunnett. At the end of his time he was 
 offered a partnership by Dr. Buck. This he 
 did not accept, but obtained the appointment 
 of organist and choirmaster at St. Mary's, 
 Nottingham, in 1867, where he still holds 
 office. He started and maintains a surpliced 
 choir of some 80 voices at that church'? 
 F.C.O., 1875. Sometime music master at 
 Trent College. An active worker from the 
 early days of the Incorporated Society of 
 Musicians, he has been Hon. Gen. Treasurer 
 since 1885. At the Cardiff Conference, 1897, 
 he was presented with a testimonial. Has 
 contributed to the musical press, and is the 
 composer of the following works : — Cantatas 
 and operettas for treble voices ; Red Riding 
 
BF.ITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 307 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Hood ; Meadowsweet ; Nymphs and Goblins ; 
 Sea King's Daughter ; Snow Queen ; Spirit 
 of the Year ; Amabel ; The Tliree Bears. 
 Anthems and Services. Three-part, and two- 
 part songs ; Album of six songs, etc. 100 
 original rounds, composed and collected, For- 
 syth. Pieces for organ or harmonium, four 
 "books ; organ pieces, various. Spring Song, 
 Berceuse, etc., for pf. Madrigal, I dare not 
 ask, performed by Nottingham Philharmonic 
 Society, 1891, etc. His son, Arthur Ber- 
 nard Page, is a music teacher in Notting- 
 ham, and a lyric author of ability, having 
 supplied the books for most of the cantatas 
 named above. 
 
 Page, Edward Osmund, organist and 
 composer, who resided in Manchester as an 
 organist and teacher. He died December 23, 
 188-3. Composer of a Mass and other vocal 
 music. 
 
 Page, John, editor and tenor singer, was 
 Lorn about the middle of the 18th century. 
 Lay - clerk, St. George's, Windsor, 1790. 
 Gentleman of Chapel Royal. Vicar-choral, 
 St. Paul's, 1801. He died at London, August, 
 1812. 
 
 Works. — Harmonia Sacra : a collection of 
 anthems' in score, selected for cathedral and 
 j)arochial churches from the most eminent 
 masters of the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, 
 London, 3 vols., 1800 ; 2nd edit., by E. F. 
 Rimbault. Festive Harmony : a collection 
 of the most favourite madrigals, glees, and 
 ■elegies, selected from the works of the most 
 •eminent composers, London, 4 vols., 1804. 
 Collection of Hymns, London, 1804. Divine 
 Harmony .... by P. Henley, to which are 
 added four psalm tunes, by T. Sharp, Lon- 
 don, 1798. Burial Service, Evening Ser\ice, 
 Anthems, etc., performed at the Funeral of 
 Lord Nelson, January 9, 1806. Four anthems 
 (festival), etc. Anthems and Psalms, as per- 
 formed at St. Paul's Cathedral on the day of 
 the Anniversary INIeeting of the Charity 
 Children, London [1785] . 
 
 Page, William, musician, issued " The 
 Golden Lyre, containing 130 original psalm 
 and hymn tunes. ..." London [1856] . 
 
 Paige, Kate, authoress of " Exercises on 
 General Elementary Music." Part I., 1880; 
 Part II., 1881, London. Daily Exercises for 
 the Pf . [1883] . 
 
 Paine, Robert Parker, composer, born 
 at Sandgate, Kent, November 15, 1823. 
 Musical from childhood, he had to pursue his 
 studies under difficulties, and is practically 
 self taught in composition. His friend, C. 
 H. Purdaj' (q-v.), then of Sandgate, was one 
 of the first to encourage his talent, and Paine 
 contributed to his collection of 100 rounds. 
 When he went to Windsor he was encouraged 
 in his work by Sir George Elvey. His prin- 
 .cipal compositions are a cantata, " The 
 
 PALMER. 
 
 Prodigal Son," performed at Eton, January, 
 1884 ; a Te Deum, brought out at the same 
 time ; and a setting of Psalm 93, for bass 
 solo, chorus and orchestra, produced at 
 Windsor, May 23, 1887. He has also com- 
 posed. When the soft light, The wind and 
 the waves. The Fisherman, and other songs ; 
 and has in MS. anthems, hymn-tunes, chants, 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Palmer, Edward Davidson, organist 
 and writer. Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 
 1878. Organist of Upper Holloway Baptist 
 Chapel, from 1885 ; professor of harmony, 
 counterpoint and solo singing. Metropolitan 
 College of ]Music. He has composed a setting 
 of Psalm 146, for soli, chorus and orchestra ; 
 and published some pieces for organ, and 
 arrangements for violin and pf. Author of 
 " A Manual of Voice Training," London, Jos. 
 Williams, 1891 ; and contributor of papers to 
 the Nineteenth Century magazine, and the 
 musical press. 
 
 Palmer, Isabella Perkins. See sub, 
 DiBDiN, Henry E. 
 
 Palmer, James, musician and editor, 
 born at Southwold, Suffolk, December 7, 
 1796. He was a teacher of music in Edin- 
 burgh, and was precentor in Broughton Place 
 United Presbyterian Church, from 1830 till 
 1851. He died at Edinburgh on July 23, 
 1861. Compiler of " Sacred Harmony, original 
 and selected, in four vocal parts, suited to 
 the psalms, paraphi-ases, and hymns used in 
 all the congregations in Scotland," Edin- 
 burgh, n.d. " Christian Harmony, a collec- 
 tion of sacred music, adapted to the various 
 metres in general use...." Edinburgh, n.d., 
 issued in parts. " The Sacred Minstrel, a 
 collection of original church tunes and an- 
 thems, containing also several celebrated 
 pieces by eminenb composers," Edinburgh, 
 n.d. " Collection of Psalm and Hymn Tunes 
 used at the Relief Church, Broughton Street, 
 Edinburgh, 1828." 
 
 Palmer, Lucas Shelton, writer and 
 oi-ganist, author of "First Studies in Sight- 
 Singing, for the use of schools, choirs, and 
 choral societies," London, Novello [1875]. 
 " A Short Catechism on Singing," London. 
 Part-songs, Sunset ; The white rose sighed ; 
 Phyllis. 
 
 Palmer, Percy. See sub. Marriott, 
 Annie. 
 
 Palmer, Thomas, organist and composer, 
 graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1879. Organist 
 of All Saints', Londonderry, 1873 ; parish 
 church, Alton, Hants, 1876 ; Omagh, County 
 Tyrone, 1877 ; and St. JIatthew's, Ipswich, 
 from 1880. Conductor of Felixstowe Choral 
 Society. Composer of Psalm 108, for soli, 
 chorus and orchestra ; Evening Service in F ; 
 sing unto the Lord, anthem ; part-songs, 
 songs, pf. pieces, etc. 
 
308 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 PALTONI. 
 
 Paltoni=Corri. See sub. Corri, Fanny. 
 
 Panchari Banerjea, author of a " History 
 of Hindu IMusic," a lecture delivered at the 
 Hooghly Institute, Bhowanipore, 1880. It 
 contains a notice of many native nausicians 
 of Southern India, and valuable information 
 concerning the musical systems of that 
 country. 
 
 Parepa=Rosa, Euphrosyne Parepa de 
 Boyesku, soprano vocalist, born at Edin- 
 burgh, i\Iay 7, 1836. Daughter of a native of 
 Wallachia. Educated by her mother, Eliza- 
 beth Seguin. Z)e6?ti at Malta, 1852. Sang at 
 Naples, Genoa, Rome, Florence, Madrid, 
 Lisbon, etc. Appeared in London, May, 1857. 
 Married Captain de Wolfe Carvell. Sang at 
 Handel Festival, London, 1862-65. Married 
 Carl Rosa (after death of her first husband, 
 1865), 1867. Visited America, 1867-1871. 
 Re-visited America, autumn of 1871. She 
 died at London, January 21, 1874. She 
 appeared in operas by Bellini, Mellon, Mac- 
 farren, Balfe, ]\Ieyerbeer, Auber, and Mozart, 
 and did much to establish the Carl Rosa 
 Opera Company. 
 
 Parish=AIvars, Elias, harpist and com- 
 poser, born at Teignmouth, February 28, 1810. 
 Jewish by parentage. He studied under Dizi, 
 Labarre, and Bochsa. Played in Germany, 
 1831 ; Italy, 1834. Appeared in London, 
 1836-7. Travelled in the East, 1838-42. 
 Appeared in Germany and Italy again, 1842-44. 
 Settled in Vienna, 1847. Chamber harpist to 
 Emperor. He died at Vienna, January 25, 
 1849. 
 
 Works. — Voyage d'un Harpiste en Orient, 
 Recueils d' airs et de melodies populaires en 
 Turquie et dans I'Asie Mineure, Harp solo, 
 op. 62 ; Concerto for harp and orchestra, in 
 G minor, op. 81 ; Concerto for 2 harps and 
 orchestra, ; Concerto for harp and orch- 
 estra in E flat, op. 98 ; March for harp, 
 op. 67 ; Fantasias, transcriptions, romances, 
 and melodies, for harp and orchestra, and 
 harp and pf., etc. 
 
 Park, Rev. John, D.D., poet, composer, 
 and clergyman, born at Crreenock in 1804. 
 Educated at Greenock and Paisley, and at 
 Glasgow and Aberdeen Universities, and was 
 licensed to preach. Assistant to Dr. Steele, 
 West Church, Greenock, and afterwards to 
 Dr. Grigor of Bonhill. Minister at Liverpool. 
 Minister at Glencairn, in Dumfriesshire, and 
 afterwards of Collegiate Parish Church of St. 
 Andrews, first charge. He died at St. An- 
 drews, April 8, 1865. His compositions were 
 issued as " Songs composed and, in part, 
 written by the late Rev. John Park, D.D., St. 
 Andrews, with introductory notice by Prin- 
 cipal Shairp," Leeds, 1876, with portrait. 
 
 Parke, John, oboe player and composer, 
 was born in 1745. He studied under Simpson 
 and Baumgarten. Oboist at the opera, 1768. 
 
 PARKER. 
 
 Concerto player at Vauxhall, 1771. Principal 
 oboist at Drury Lane, 1771. Member of 
 King's Private Band. Chamber Musician to 
 Prince of Wales, 1783. Principal oboe at the 
 Concerts of Ancient Music, etc. He died at 
 London, August 2, 1829. 
 
 Parke, Maria Hester, Beardmore, pian- 
 ist, composer, and singer, born in 1775. 
 Daughter of John Parke. She studied under 
 her father, and made her debut as a vocalist 
 at Gloucester Festival in 1790. Sang after- 
 wards at London, and provincial concerts. 
 Married Mr. Beardmore. She died on August 
 15, 1822. 
 
 Works. — Three grand Sonatas for pf., op. 1 ; 
 Two do., op. 2 ; Two Sonatas for pf.* op. 4 ; 
 Sonata for pf. , op. 7. Concerto for pf. or 
 harpsichord, op. 6 [1800] . Two Sonatas for 
 pf. and violin, op. 13. Set of Crlees, London 
 [1790] . Songs, etc. 
 
 Parke, William Thomas, writer, oboe 
 player, and composer, born at London in 1762. 
 He studied under Dance, Baumgarten, and 
 his brother, John. Chorister at Drury Lane 
 Theatre, 1775. Oboist at Vauxhall, 1776. 
 Principal oboist at Covent Garden, 1783. 
 Employed at principal concerts, Vauxhall, 
 etc., as oboist, after 1800. He died at London, 
 August 26, 1847. 
 
 Works. — Overtures to " Netley Abbey,"' 
 1794 ; " Lock and Key," 1796. Concertos for 
 oboe. Three duetts for two German flutes 
 [1793] ; Second set, op. 8 [1794] . Tutor for 
 the hautboy : being a familiar introduction to 
 the art of playing this instrument. With 
 sixteen duets for two hautboys, n.d. Songs : 
 Blue bonnets; Cupid is a wanton boy; Donald 
 Macleod ; Lad of the moor ; Maid of the 
 village; Merry tambourine. He also adapted 
 Dalayrac's "Nina" for the English stage. 
 Musical Memoirs : comprising an account of 
 the general state of Music in England from 
 the first Cominemoration of Handel in 1784 
 to the year 1880, interspersed with numerous 
 anecdotes, musical, histrionic, etc., London, 
 2 vols., 1830. 
 
 Parke is now best remembered by his useful 
 " Musical Memoirs," or annals of music from 
 1784 to 1830. It contains, among much 
 gossippy matter and anecdotes, a very con- 
 siderable proportion of historical and biograph- 
 ical data. 
 
 Parker, Henry, composer, conductor, 
 and teacher of singing, born in London, 
 August 4, 1845. Studied at Leipzig under 
 Moscheles, Richter, and Plaidy ; and at Paris 
 under Lefort. Has given concerts in St. 
 James's Hall, London, etc. Composer of a 
 romantic comic ox^era, "Mignonette," Royalty 
 Theatre, May, 1889; "Jerusalem," for bass 
 solo and chorus, Albert Hall, 1884; and other 
 songs that have become popular. Gavottes, 
 and other short pieces for orchestra ; pf. pieces. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 309 
 
 PARKER. 
 
 etc. Author of "The Voice: its Production 
 and Improvement, with Practical Exercises," 
 London, various editions. 
 
 Parker, Louis Napoleon, composer and 
 dramatist, born in the Department of Calvados, 
 Prance, October 21, 1852. Educated on the 
 •continent. Studied at R.A.M., 1870, under 
 Sterndale Bennett, Banister, Steggall, and 
 others. A.R.A.M., 1874. Member of Com- 
 mittee of the United Wagner Society, and 
 English representative of the Rcvue Wagner- 
 ienne, 1885. In 1877 he was appointed organist 
 and music master at Sherborne School, Dor- 
 setshire, and he made the school concerts 
 famous, also conducting various societies in 
 the locality. In 1892 he left Sherborne for 
 London, to devote himself to dramatic author- 
 ship. He was for a long time a contributor 
 to the musical press, principally upon Wagne- 
 rian topics. His compositions comprise the 
 •cantatas. The Wreck of the Hesperus, Silvia, 
 Young Tamerlane ; Psalm 23, for equal voices ; 
 Orchestral overtures (MS.), violin and pf. 
 pieces ; Songs, and part-songs, etc. Dramatic 
 works : A buried talent ; The love knot ; Love 
 in a mist ; The sequel ; and others written in 
 conjunction with Murray Carson, etc. 
 
 Parker, Robert, organist and conductor, 
 studied under W. S. Hoyte, Scotson Clark, 
 and G. Cooper ; also violin and pf. under 
 Lehmeyer, and singing under F. Walker. 
 Was for some time assistant to W. H. Monk 
 at King's College, London. About the end of 
 1878 he was appointed organist at the Cathe- 
 •dral, Wellington, New Zealand. There he 
 established orchestral concerts, and conducted 
 the first IMusical Festival given in New Zea- 
 land, November, 1888. He has introduced 
 many important compositions, and has exer- 
 cised great influence in the musical develop- 
 ment of the country. He is singing instructor 
 to the Board of Education, and represents the 
 R.A.]\I., and other London institutions. 
 
 Parker, Septimus, composer and organ- 
 ist, born at London, June 10, 1824. He 
 ■was successively organist of Ashtead Parish 
 Church, 1844-59; Epsom, 1859-61; Godal- 
 ming, 1864-74; Ashtead, 1874-77; St. Paul's 
 Episcopal Church, Aberdeen, 1877-79 ; St. 
 •John's, Longside ; St. Paul's, Aberdeen, again, 
 1880-82; and St. Mary's, Aberdeen, 1885-86. 
 He died at Aberdeen, April 27, 1886. He 
 composed church services, anthems, hymn- 
 tunes, part-songs, etc. Edited a " Selection 
 of Church Tunes and Cathedral Chants, 
 ■arranged in 4 parts," Novello [1850]. 
 
 Parker, William Frye, violinist, born 
 at Dunmow, Essex, in 1855. Entered the 
 R.A.IM. in 1867, studying under the late M. 
 Sainton. At the age of sixteen he was engaged 
 l)y Costa as a first violinist in the orchestra 
 of Her IMajesty's Theatre. Professor of the 
 violin, R.A.M. and Guildhall School of Music, 
 
 PARRATT. 
 
 1881. F. R.A.M. Principal violin at the 
 Promenade Concerts at Her Majestv's Theatre, 
 1887, and at the Queen's Hall, 1895. After 
 the death of Mr. Carrodus, IMr. Parker was 
 appointed principal violin at the Leeds Festi- 
 val of 1885, and of the Philharmonic Society, 
 1896. 
 
 Parkinson, 'William, musician of the 
 latter part of the 18th century. Author of 
 "New book of Instructions for beginners on 
 the Pianoforte," London [1790]. 
 
 Parkinson, William Wignall, musician 
 and writer, born at Catterall, Garstang, Lan- 
 cashire, 1812. Author of " The natural and 
 universal Principles of Harmony and Modu- 
 lation, with illustrative and analyzed extracts 
 from the Works of Classical Composers," 
 London, 1873. He died at Catterall, June 3, 
 1878. 
 
 Parky ns, Beatrice, Mrs., bom Cr.\w- 
 FOED, composer, born at Bombay, India. Her 
 works include : A Posy of Proverbs, six songs ; 
 A Posy of Flowers, words of both by jMay 
 Gillington ; Shepherd's love song, etc. A 
 romance for violin, " Songe d'autrefois " ; Pf. 
 pieces, etc. 
 
 Parr, Rev. Henry, clergyman and mu- 
 sician, born at Lythwood Hall, Shropshire, 
 August 16, 1815. He was educated at Oxford, 
 and ordained in 1845. Vicar of Taunton, 
 1849-1858 ; Curate of Tunbridge, 1859-1861 ; 
 Perpetual curate of Ash Church, Gloucester- 
 shire, 1861-62 ; Curate-in-Cbarge of Yoxford, 
 Suffolk, 1867 ; and vicar at Yoxford, Suffolk, 
 1872. Compiler of "Church of England 
 Psalmody : Psalm tunes. Chants, with re- 
 sponses, etc., with memoirs of the composers 
 and histories of the pieces," London, 8 edit- 
 ions to 1880 ; and composer of chants. 
 
 Parratt, Sir Walter, Kt., organist and 
 composer, born at Huddersfield, February 10, 
 1841. Studied under his father (noticed 
 below), and when seven took a service at 
 Armitage Bridge, near Huddersfield, succeed- 
 ing his elder brother as organist there in 1852. 
 Two j'ears later he was appointed to St. Paul's, 
 Huddersfield; in 1861 to Witley Court, as 
 organist to Lord Dudley ; Parish Church, 
 Wigan, 1868 ; Magdalen College, Oxford, 1872 ; 
 and in 1882 succeeded Sir George Elvey at 
 St. George's Chapel, Windsor. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac , Oxford, 1873. Appointed professor 
 of the organ at R.C.M., 1883; in 1892 received 
 the honour of Knighthood ; and in 1893 was 
 appointed Master of the Music in Ordinary to 
 the Queen. He is a remarkable performer on 
 the organ, and has given recitals in many 
 places, and also lectured and written on the 
 organ and kindred topics. Contributor to 
 Grove's Dictionary. He has composed music 
 "Agamemnon," Oxford, 1880; set the Elegy 
 to Patroclus, in the " Tale of Troy," London, 
 1883; Music to " Story of Orestes," London, 
 
310 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 PARRY. 
 
 18S6. Anthems, songs, organ and pf. pieces. 
 Also a March for the Royal Wedding at 
 Windsor, July 6, 1891. 
 
 His father, Thomas Parhatt, born January 
 30, 1793, was an articled pupil of Brailsford, 
 the then organist of Doncaster Parish Church. 
 In 1812 Gray built a new organ in Huddersfield 
 Parish Church, and Parratt was appointed 
 organist. His first service was plaj'ed on 
 Christmas Day, 1812, and he never missed 
 playing on the anniversary of that day till his 
 death, March 27, 1862. " He was the first 
 organist and resident professor in Hudders- 
 field ; a fine player of the old school, and 
 celebrated for his accompaniments. 
 
 The elder son, Henry L. Parratt, trained 
 by his father, was organist first at Armitage 
 Bridge Church; in 1852, of St. Paul's, 
 Huddersfield ; then, after some time spent in 
 London, succeeded his father at Huddersfield 
 Parish Church in 1862. For 85 Christmas 
 Days in succession father and son have pre- 
 sided at the organ. 
 
 Parry, Charles Hubert Hastings, com- 
 poser and writer, born at Bournemouth, 
 February 27, 1848, second son of the late 
 Gambler Parry, of Higham Court, Gloucester. 
 W^ent to Eton in 1861, and while there had 
 lessons from Dr. G. Elvey, composed a Church 
 Service in D, and passed the examination for 
 Mus. Bac. Proceeded to Oxford in 1866, 
 graduated Mus. Bac, 1867; B.A., 1870; and 
 M.A., 1874. While at Oxford he worked at 
 music with Sir W. S. Bennett, and (Sir) G. 
 A. Macfarren ; and, making it his profession, 
 studied further with H. H. Pierson at Stutt- 
 gart, and with E. Dannreuther. It was not 
 until 1880 that he was generally known as a 
 composer, though an orchestral Intermezzo 
 Religiose from his pen was produced at the 
 Gloucester Festival of 1868. In February, 
 1880, Mr. Dannreuther, at Orme Square, 
 brought out some of his chamber music ; and 
 his "Prometheus Unbound" was produced 
 at Gloucester Festival that year. Since then 
 he has contributed more works to the provin- 
 cial festivals than any other composer. He 
 was appointed Choragus of the University of 
 Oxford, in 1883 ; and professor of composition 
 and musical history in the R.C.M., on its 
 opening the same year. Examiner for Degrees 
 in ]\Iusic, London University, 1891 ; and on 
 the retirement of Sir George Grove in 1894, 
 he was elected Director of R.C.M. He was 
 created Mus. Doc. by Decree of Convocation, 
 Oxford, 1884 ; and received the same degree, 
 honoris causa, at Cambridge, 1883, and Dublin, 
 1891. He has lectured on music at the Royal 
 Institution, 1891-3 ; at the Midland Institute, 
 Birmingham, 1884, etc., and in other places; 
 and has contriljuted to the Academy, 1876, 
 and written many elaborate articles for Grove's 
 " Dictionary of ]\Iusic." 
 
 PARRY. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas, oratorios, etc. : Scenes 
 from Prometheus Unbound (Shelley), Glouces- 
 ter Festival, 1880 ; The Glories of our Blood 
 and State, the same, 1883 ; Choral Ode, Blest 
 Pair of Syrens (Milton), Bach Choir, Mav 17, 
 1887 ; Judith, Birmingham, 1888; St. Cecilia's 
 Day, Leeds, 1889 ; L'AUegro ed il Pensieroso, 
 Norwich, 1890 ; Psalm 1.30, for soprano solo, 
 three choirs, and orchestra, Hereford, 1891 ; 
 Choric song, The Lotos Eaters, Cambridge, 
 May week, 1892; Oratorio, Job, Gloucester, 
 1892, and repeated at Worcester and Hereford, 
 1893-4 ; King Saul, Birmingham, 1894 ; Ode, 
 Invocation to Music, Leeds, 1895. Ode for 
 450th anniversary of Eton ; Music to Aristo- 
 phanes' Birds (Cambridge, November, 1883) ; 
 Frogs (Oxford, February 17, 1892); and to 
 Hypatia, Haymarket, January, 1893. Anthems 
 and Services. English Lyrics, 4 sets ; Three 
 Odes of Anacreon ; Six Shakesperean and 
 other songs, etc. Orchestral : Symphony 
 No. 1, in G, Birmingham Festival, 1882 ; 
 No. 2, in F, Cambridge University ]\Iusical 
 Societv, June 12, 1883 ; No. 3, in C, Philhar- 
 monic^i May 23, 1889; No. 4, in E minor, 
 Richter, July 1, 1889. Suite Moderne, in A 
 minor, Gloucester, 1886 ; Overture, Guillem 
 de Cabestanh, Crystal Palace, March 15, 1879; 
 Svniphonic overture, On an unwritten Tragedy,. 
 Worcester, 1893; Suite for strings, 1894. 
 Concerto, in F sharp minor, pf. and orchestra. 
 Crystal Palace (Dannreuther), April 3, 1880. 
 Chamber Music : Nonet in B flat, Wind ; 
 Quintet in E flat ; Quartet in G, strings ; 
 in A flat, pf . and strings ; Trios in E minor 
 (1880), B minor, and G, pf. and strings ; 
 Sonata in A, pf. and 'cello; Fantaisie-Sonata 
 in B ; Sonata in D ; Partita in D minor ; 
 12 short pieces for violin and pf. Duo in E 
 minor, two pf. ; sonatas in B flat and D minor; 
 Variations ; Miniatures ; Sonnets and songs 
 without words, etc., for pf. Characteristic 
 popular tunes of the British Isles, pf. duet. 
 Fantasia and Fugue, organ. Literary : 
 Studies of Great Composers, Routledge, 1886 ; 
 The Art of Music, 1893, enlarged as The 
 Evolution of the Art of Music, 1896, Kegan 
 Paul; Summary of Musical History, Novello's 
 Primers, 1893. 
 
 Parry, John, Welsh harper and collector, 
 of Ruabon, North Wales. He was bard or 
 harper to Sir W. W. Wynne, of Wynnstay, 
 during the middle of the 18th century. He 
 appeared in London as a player. He died at 
 Ruabon, October 7, 1782. 
 
 Works. — Antient British Music : or a col- 
 lection of tunes never before published, which 
 are retained by the Cambro Britons, more 
 particularly in North Wales. An historical 
 account of the rise and progress of jMusic 
 among the Antient Britons, London, 1742 
 [with Williams] ; only 1 part published. 
 British Harmony ; being a collection of Antient 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 311 
 
 PARRY. 
 
 Welsh airs, the traditional remains of those 
 originally sung by the bards of Wales.... 
 London, 1781. Music for the harpsichord. 
 
 Parry, John, " Bardd Alaw," composer 
 and writer, born at Denbigh, February 18, 
 1776. Member of band of Denbigh Militia, 
 1795. Bandmaster of same, 1797 - 1807. 
 Teacher of flageolet in London, 1807. t-'oni- 
 poser for Vauxhall from 1809. Conducted an 
 Eisteddfod in Wales. Received degree of 
 Master of Song (Bard Alaw), 1821. Musical 
 critic of Morning Post, 1834-48. Treasurer of 
 Royal Society of Musicians, 1831-49. He 
 died at London, April 8, 1851. 
 
 Works. — Incidental Mxisic to " Harlequin 
 Hoax," 1814; Oberon's Oath, 1816; High 
 Notions, 1817 ; Ivanhoe, 1820 ; Fair Cheating, 
 1814; Helpless Animals, 1818; Two Wives, 
 1821 ; My Uncle Gabriel ; Caswallon, etc. 
 The Welsh Harper, being an extensive col- 
 lection of Welsh music, to which are prefixed 
 observations on the character and antiquity 
 of the Welsh Music, London [1839-48], 2 
 vols. ; An account of the Royal Musical 
 Festival held in Westminster Abbey, 1834, 
 drawn up from official documents, n.d. ; 
 Beauties of Caledonia, or flowers of Scottish 
 Song . . . with symphonies and accompani- 
 ments for the Pf., London, 4 vols. [1840]; 
 Selection of six Brazillian melodies ; Cam- 
 brian Harmonv, being a collection of antient 
 Welsh airs [1810], 2 books ; Collection of 
 Welsh airs . . . for the harp [1825] ; The Vocal 
 Companion ; British ]Minstrelsy [1830] ; 
 Flowers of Song ; London collection of Glees, 
 etc. ; Sonatas for the harp ; Complete scales 
 for Wheatstone's Patent Symphonium[1850] ; 
 Glees, part-songs, etc. Songs : Jenny Jones ; 
 Apollo and the Muses ; Oh, merry row the 
 bonny bark ; jMaid of Toro, etc. 
 
 Parry, John Orlando, composer, pianist, 
 and baritone vocalist, son of above, was born 
 at London, January 3, 1810. He studied 
 under Bochsa and his father. Debut as 
 harpist in 1825. Appeared as a ballad vocalist 
 in 1831. Sang in operettas and entertain- 
 ments by himself and others. Organist of St. 
 Jude's, Southsea, 1853. Rea^Dpeared at the 
 German Reed Entertainments, 1860-09. Re- 
 tired, 1877. He died at East Molesey, Feb- 
 ruary 20, 1879. 
 
 Works. — Songs, of which the following is 
 a selection : — Bridal Bells ; Blue Beard ; Cin- 
 derella ; Country Commissions ; Crotchet ; 
 Norah, the pride of Kildare ; Take a bumper 
 and try ; A heart to let ; Wanted a wife ; 
 Fayre Rosamunde. The ABC duet, and 
 numerous comic and sentimental i)ieces. 
 Ridiculous things, or scraps and oddities, 
 London, 1854. Series of hunrerous sketches 
 in varioiTS colours of ink. 
 
 Parry, Joseph, composer, born at Merthyr 
 Tydvil, May 21, 1841. Picked up some know- 
 
 PARSONS. 
 
 ledge of music when a child, but had, when 
 ten years old, to work at a puddling furnace. 
 In 1854 the family followed the father to 
 America. Joseph Parry paid one visit to 
 Wales before he finally returned home. He 
 still continued his studies, and won Eistedd- 
 fodic prizes in 1862-3. Through the influence 
 of Brinley Richards he entered the R.A.M. in 
 1868, and studied under Bennett, Garcia, and 
 Steggall. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1871 ; Mus. 
 Doc, 1878, Cambridge. F.R.A.M. Appointed 
 Professor of IMusic, University College, 
 Aberystwith, 1871 ; and in 1888 to the Musical 
 Lectureship of University College of South 
 Wales, Cardiff. He has lectured on Music, 
 and contributed articles on Welsh musicians, 
 etc., to the press. At the National Eisteddfod, 
 Llandudno, July 1, 1896, he was publicly 
 presented with a cheque for £600 for services 
 rendered to Welsh music. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios : Emmanuel, London, 
 1880 ; Saul of Tarsus, produced at Rhyl, Sep- 
 tember 8, and Cardiff Festival, September 23, 
 1892. Cantatas : The Prodigal Son (prize) ; 
 Nebuchadnezzar ; and Cambria, Llandudno, 
 
 1896. Operas : Blodwen, Aberdare, 1878 ; 
 Virginia, completed in 1883 ; Arianwen, pro- 
 duced at Cardiff, June 5, 1890 ; Sylvia, Cardiff, 
 August 12, 1895 ; and King Arthur, completed 
 
 1897. The Druids' chorus. Many anthems, 
 hymn tunes, songs, etc. Orchestral Ballad, 
 Cardiff, 1892 ; Overtures ; String quartet. 
 Sonatas, and other pieces for pf. Editor of 
 Cambrian Minstrelsie, vols., Edinburgh, Jack. 
 
 His son, Joseph Haydn Parry, born at 
 Pennsylvania, U.S.A., in 1864, studied under 
 him, and at Aberystwith. In 1884 he won a 
 prize for a pf. sonata. His comic opera, 
 " Cigarette," was produced with success at 
 Cardiff in 1892; and another, " j\Iiami," in 
 London, October 16, 1893. He finished a third, 
 " Marigold Farm," the same year, and was 
 the composer of a cantata for female voices, 
 " Gwen." He was appointed a professor at 
 the Guildhall School in 1890. Died at Hamp- 
 stead, March 29, 1894. 
 
 Another son, D. Mendelssohn Parry, is a 
 pianist, and was for a time at the Harrow 
 Music School. He is now a concert and 
 operatic agent. 
 
 Parsons, Alfred William, organist, born 
 at Salisbury, December 31, 1853. Chorister 
 at Salisbury Cathedral. Organist of St. John's, 
 Leicester, 1878 ; Parish Church, Aberystwith, 
 1889. Mus. Bac, Durham, 1891 ; F.R.C.O. 
 Lecturer in music, St. David's College, Lam- 
 peter. Composer of a setting of Psalm 18 ; Two 
 settings of the Te Deum ; Sacred songs, etc. 
 
 Parsons, John, musician, edited " The 
 Hindustani Choral Book, or Swar Sangrah : 
 containing the tunes of those hymns in the 
 Git Sangrah which are in native metres," 
 Benares, 1861. 
 
312 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 PARSONS. 
 
 Another John Pabsons, who lived at the 
 end of last and beginning of this century, 
 composed an " Ode to Liberty, composed for 
 the centenary jubilee of the Revolution Club," 
 Edinburgh, 1788. Author also of " Elements 
 of IMusic, with progressive practical lessons," 
 Loudon [1800]. 
 
 Parsons, Robert, composer, was born at 
 Exeter in the first half of the 16th century. 
 Composed services, anthems, and madrigals. 
 Drowned in the Trent at Newark, January 2.5, 
 1570 (1569?). His son John (?) was organist 
 of St. Margaret's, Westminster, in 1616. 
 Organist, etc., of Westminster Abbey, 1621. 
 He died in 162.3. 
 
 Parsons, 5ir William, musician, born 
 in 1716. Chorister under Dr. Cooke, West- 
 minster Abbey. He studied in Italy, 1768, 
 and became Master of the King's Music, 
 1786. Mus. Bac. and IMus. Doc. Oxon, 
 1790 (?). Knighted, 1795. Teacher of 
 the Royal Princesses, 1796. Magistrate of 
 Middlesex He died at London July, 19, 
 1817, aged 71. Composer of Six English 
 Ballads dedicated to the Princess Mary. 
 Songs : Dear is my little native vale ; Dear to 
 my Delia's peaceful heart ; Fair Daphne ; 
 A scholar first my love implored, etc. The 
 Court Minuets for His Majesty's Birthday, 
 1794. It was the knighthood bestowed on 
 Parsons which gave rise to the remark that he 
 was knighted more on the score of his merits 
 than because of the merits of his scores. 
 
 Partridge, James, pianist and teacher, 
 born in Staffordshire in 1850. Like inany 
 other musicians he was originally intended 
 for the scholastic profession, and passed two 
 years in training at Saltley College, near Bir- 
 mingham. During that time he acted as 
 organist, an unusual position for a student. 
 After holding various organ appointments 
 in the country, he went to London, and en- 
 tered the R.A.M. in 1875, studying under Dr. 
 Steggall and Brinley Richards. Elected 
 A.R..4.M. Brinley Richards and he became 
 warm friends, and on the death of the former 
 in 1885, Partridge was appointed to his class 
 at the Guildhall School of Music, having 
 acted as his deputy for some years. That 
 position he still holds, and lie is also reader 
 to one of the largest publishing houses in 
 London. He was for some time organist at 
 St. Andrew's, Hammersmith. His composi- 
 tions consist chiefly o; songs and church 
 m^usic ; and he has published various organ 
 arrangements. He edited 2 vols, of Brinley 
 Richards's original works for pf., published by 
 R. Cocks. 
 
 Pascal, Florian. ^ee Williams, Joseph. 
 
 Paterson, Robert Roy, composer and 
 music publisher, a member of the Edinburgh 
 firm of Paterson, Sons, & Co., which was 
 founded in 1827 as Paterson & Roy. Under 
 
 PATON. 
 
 the pseudonym of " Alfred Stella " he has 
 written a number of songs and pf. pieces. 
 
 Patey, C. A., author of "An Elementary 
 Treatise on the Art of Playing the Violin, 
 with Scales, Exercises, etc.," Loudon, n.d. 
 
 Patey, Janet Monach, horn Whytock, 
 contralto vocalist, born in London, j\lay 1, 
 1842, her father being a native of Glasgow. 
 Studied singing first with John Wass, and on 
 August 20, 1860, made her first public appear- 
 ance at James Stimpson's Monday Evening 
 Concerts, Town Hall, Birmingham, as Miss 
 Ellen Andrews. Became a member of Henry 
 Leslie's Choir, and studied under Mrs. Sims 
 Reeves and Pinsuti. In 1865 she toured with 
 the Lemmens' Concert Party, and in 1866 
 married Mr. Patey (noticed below). That 
 year she made her Festival di:hut at Worcester, 
 I and sang at the Birmingham Festival, 1867 ; 
 Norwich, 1869 ; and Leeds, 1874. On the re- 
 tirement of Madame Sainton-Dolby, in 1870, 
 she succeeded to the position of first English 
 contralto. Toured in America, singing in 
 " Elijah," New York, October .31, 1871. Sang 
 in Paris, in 1875, in performance of the 
 " Messiah," and at the Conservatoire, being 
 presented with a medal by the Directors in 
 commemoration of the event. Sang at all the 
 important concerts in the United Kingdom, 
 and was identified with the greatest composi- 
 tions produced at the different festivals, etc. 
 In 1890 she undertook a long tour in Aus- 
 tralia, commencing with a concert at Sydney. 
 Re-appeared at the Crystal Palace, October 
 11, 1891. Decided to retire in 1898, an i began 
 a farewell tour in the winter, but it was 
 brought to a tra'^jic close by her sudden death, 
 February 28, 1894. She had sung at a con- 
 cert at the Albert Hall, Sheffield, the pre- 
 vious evening, and after singing " The Banks 
 of Allan Water " in response to the encore, 
 fainted as she left the platform, and died at 
 her hotel early next morning, without regain- 
 ing consciousness. 
 
 Patey, John Qeorge, husband of the 
 above, bass vocalist, born at Stonehouse, 
 Devonshire, in 1835. Intended for the medi- 
 cal profession, but gave it up for music. 
 Studied at Paris and Milan, and made his ^f6»^ 
 at Drury Lane, as Plunket, in Flotow's opera 
 " Martha," 1858. Sang for several seasons 
 in English opera at Covent Garden, etc., and 
 visited New York in 1871, taking part in a 
 performance of " Elijah," October 31. Toured 
 in the English provinces up to 1876. Was 
 for some time a member of the choir at Lin- 
 coln's Inn Chapel. From 1888 a music pub- 
 lisher in London 
 
 Paton, James Crooks, organist, com- 
 poser, and violoncellist, was born at Edin- 
 burgh, March 28, 1855. He was organist of 
 St. Leonard's Parish Church, and of Dalkeith 
 Parish Church, and from 1881 was conductor 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 313 
 
 PATON. 
 
 of the St. Andrew's Amateur Orchestral 
 Society; Member of Waddel's Quartet Party. 
 He died at Edinburgh, August 27, 1886. 
 Composer of an overture, " The Pursuit of 
 Pleasure" (1886) ; a quartet, for strings, in G 
 minor; Marches, gavottes, niuzurkas; "Lena" 
 (1886), etc., for orchestra ; all of which are in 
 manuscript. 
 
 Paton, Mary Ann, bom Wood, soprano 
 vocalist, was born at Edinburgh, in October, 
 180'2. Daughter of George Paton, writing- 
 master at Edinburgh High School. She sang 
 at the Edinburgh Concerts in 1810. Studied 
 the harp and pf. under S. Webbe, Jun., and 
 sang in London in 1811 ; and Bath, 1820-1. 
 Sang at Covent Garden Theatre, London, 
 as Susannah in Mozart's "Figaro," 1822. 
 Appeared in Weber's " Der Frieschutz," July, 
 1824. Married Lord William Pitt Lennox, 
 1824. Created part of Reiza in Weber's 
 " Oberon," April 12, 1826. Divorced from 
 her husband (Lennox), 18-30. IMarried Mr. 
 Joseph Wood, tenor vocalist, 1831. Resided 
 chieflv at WooUey Moor, Yorks., 1833-54. 
 Visited United States, 1834-36. Appeared in 
 London again in 1837-1844. Embraced Roman 
 Catholic Religion, 1843, and retired from the 
 stage in 1844. Lived abroad, 1854-63. She 
 died at Bulcliffe Hall, near Chapelthorpe, 
 Wakefield, July 21, 1864. 
 
 Patten, William, organist and composer, 
 Avas born at Fareham in 1804. He was organist 
 at Winchester. Died in 1863. Compiler of 
 " Congregational Melodies, original and sel- 
 ected ..." 6 parts. " Six Anthems for large 
 or small choirs," Fareham [I860]. Collection 
 of Sacred Music . . . London [1850] ; second 
 collection. Six original hymns [184.5]. Three 
 sanctuses for four voices. Single anthems, 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Patterson, Ada, soprano vocalist, born at 
 Pljmiouth. Studied at R.A.M. under IMamiel 
 Garcia. She has a voice of extraordinary 
 compass in the high register, and has sung 
 with success at the Crystal Palace (1891, etc.), 
 and in many parts of the country. 
 
 Patterson (Alexander), composer and 
 baritone vocalist, was born at Glasgow, Dec- 
 ember 26, 1847. He holds various appoint- 
 ments as a teacher of vocal music in schools 
 and since 1887 has been condu.ctor of the 
 Cathcart Musical Association. He has com- 
 posed " Hohenlinden," and "Sennacherib," 
 cantatas ; numerous original part-songs and 
 songs ; but is perhaps best known as the 
 arranger of various Scots song for mixed voices, 
 which have been sung all over the country by 
 the Glasgow Select Choir, in which ]\Ir. Patter- 
 son sings and acts as deputy conductor. He 
 has edited a collection of 83 " Scottish Songs" 
 
 Ln.d. 
 Patterson, Annie Wilson, pianist, 
 organist, and composer, born at Lurgan, 
 
 PAUL. 
 
 County Armagh, Ireland, October 27, 1868. 
 Of French Hugvienot descent. Educated at 
 Alexandra College, and Royal Irish Academy 
 of Music, Dublin. Graduated Mus. Bac, and 
 B.A., 1887, Mus. Doc, 1889, Royal University 
 of Ireland. Examiner in music for the same, 
 1892-5. Conductor of Dublin Choral Union, 
 1891-3. Has lectured on Irish Music in 
 Dublin, Cork, London (November 30, 1895 and 
 1897), etc. She has written the libretti of her 
 own compositions, and has some name as a 
 painter. Her compositions are: "Finola," 
 Irish cantata, for soli, chorus and orchestra, 
 1888; Psalm 93, 1889; " Meta Tauta" (St. 
 John's Vision of Heaven), for soli chorus and 
 orchestra, produced, Dublin, February 25, 
 1893; cantata, "The Raising of Lazarus," 
 Dublin, April 10, 1891. Six original Gaelic 
 songs ; Uladh, or the Northern Star, patriotic 
 song, with chorus and orchestra ; At Parting, 
 etc. 
 
 Pattinson (James), composer, organist, 
 pianist and conductor, born, October 30, 1847, 
 at Carlisle. Studied luider Abraham Young, 
 and Dr. Ford, of Carlisle Cathedral. Mus. 
 Bac. Cambridge, 1879. Settled in Paisley, in 
 1874, as first organist of the Abbey. Appointed 
 to St. Silas' Episcopal Church, Glasgow, 1880; 
 Maxwell Parish Church, Glasgow, 1883 ; 
 Thread Street U. P. Church, Paisley, 1890. 
 Succeeded G. Taggart as conductor of Udding- 
 ton Society, Glasgow, 1886. Conductor of 
 Paisley Philharmonic (orchestral), and other 
 Societies. Organ recitalist, and oratorio 
 accomxsanist, at Glasgow, Edinburgh, Paisley, 
 Carlisle, etc. 
 
 Works. — The Magnificat, for soli, chorus, 
 strings and organ ; Cantata, The Ten Virgins. 
 Songs : Becalmed ; A last Rose ; Kitty of 
 Carlisle, and others ; part-songs. Softly, oh 
 softly glide, etc. Arrangements of Scotch and 
 other songs. Minuet for strings ; Fantasia, 
 and other pieces for organ. The major, minor 
 and chromatic scales, in single and double 
 notes, and arpeggios of common, dominant 
 and diminished chords, in all keys, pf. 
 
 Pattison, Thomas Mee, composer and 
 organist, born at Warrington, January 27, 
 1845. Organist of Paul's Church, Warrington, 
 1869 ; and conductor of a choral society. 
 About 1886 he removed to London. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : The Ancient Mariner; 
 Lay of the Last Minstrel, 1885 ; Sherwood's 
 Queen ; John Bull and his Trades, 1886 ; May 
 Day, 1887; Les Francs Chasseuis, female 
 voices. Sacred : A Day with our Lord ; The 
 Mother of Jesus. Anthems: There were Shep- 
 herds ; Truly God is loving ; praise the 
 Lord ; and others. Organ and pf . music. 
 The Happy Valley, comic opera. Author of 
 Rudiments of Vocal Music, with Preparatory 
 Exercises. 
 
 Paul, Mrs. Howard, bom Isabella 
 
314 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 PAXTON. 
 
 Featherstone, actress and contralto vocalist, 
 born at Dartford, Kent, in 1833. She appeared 
 in the Beggar's Opera, in 1853, and in many 
 musical and dramatic pieces. Married ]\Ir. 
 Henry Howard Paul, and in 1854 appeared 
 with him in a large number of different enter- 
 tainments. She had a voice of much beauty, 
 but as she turned her attention chiefly to 
 comedy, she never attained a great position 
 as a vocalist. She died at London, June 6, 
 1879. 
 
 Paxton, Stephen, glee composer and bass 
 singer, was born in 1735. He was a ]3upil of 
 W. Savage and gained prizes from the Catch 
 Club in 1779, 1781, 1783, 1784, and 1785. He 
 died at London, August 18, 1787. Composer 
 of numerous glees and catches, some of which 
 were republished in " Collection of Glees, 
 Catches, etc., for 3 or 4 voices," op. 5. London 
 [1780] , and in other collections. He also 
 composed six solos for the violoncello, op. 1 ; 
 Eight duetts for a violin or violoncello, op. 2 ; 
 Six easy solos for a violoncello or bassoon, op. 
 3 ; Twelve easy lessons for a violoncello or bass, 
 op. 6. IMasses, Kyries, songs, etc. Hisbrother 
 William (born 1737, died 1781), was a violon- 
 cellist, and composed " Breathe soft, ye winds," 
 a well-known glee for 3 voices, besides other 
 pieces contained in the collections above noted. 
 
 Payne, Miss, See sub. Cook, Aynsley. 
 
 Payne, Richard, amateur organist and 
 conductor, born at BirmiDgham in 1843. He 
 had great talent for music, but adopted a 
 business career, which led him to reside in 
 London for some years. In 1874, he was 
 appointed organist and conductor of the 
 Psalmody class at Union Clhapel, Islington, 
 and was also conductor of the Borough of 
 Hackney Choral Society, which gave the 
 first performance in England of Bach's 
 " Magnificat," May 19, 1874. Returning to 
 Birmirigliam, he became organist of St. 
 Luke's Church, 1876, and later of the Church 
 of the Redeemer, Edgbaston. He was hon. 
 conductor of the Birmingham Kyrle Choir 
 from its formation until his death, at Bir- 
 mingham, July 10, 1884. He was self-taught 
 in music, and composed a Pf. Trio and 
 some vocal music ; also contributed articles 
 to the Mtisical Record (1874) and Musical 
 Standard (1882). He was succeeded in his 
 organ appointment by his son, a clever 
 amateur. 
 
 Peace, Albert Lister, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Huddersfield, January i6, 1844. 
 Showed musical talent at a very early age, 
 and was placed under Henry Horn and Henry 
 Parratt, and in 1853 received his first organ 
 appointment, at Holmfirth Parish Church. 
 After being organist at Dewsbury, Hudders- 
 field, and Cleckheaton (18^58-65), he went to 
 Glasgow as organist of Trinity Congregational 
 Church. In 1870 he was appointed organist 
 
 PEARCE. 
 
 to the University of Glasgow ; St. John's 
 Episcopal Church, 1873 ; Maxwell Parish 
 Church, 1875 ; Hillhead Parish Church, 1876 ; 
 St. Andrew's Hall, 1877 ; and in 1879 to the 
 Cathedral. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1870; 
 Mus. Doc, 1875, Oxford. P.C.O., 1886, 
 lionoris causa. He liPS given recitals in all 
 parts of the kingdom, and opened the organ 
 at Canterbury Cathedral (1886), Victoria 
 Hall, Hanley (1888), and represented Scot- 
 land in the gathering of great players at the 
 opening of the organ in Newcastle Cathedral 
 (St. Nicholas'), 1891. In January, 1897, he 
 was elected organist of St. George's Hall, 
 Liverpool, in succession to W. T. Btst, and 
 now occupies the foremost position in the 
 country. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 138, for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra ; Cantata, St. John the Baptist, 
 1875. Morning, Evening, and Communion 
 Services. Awake up, my glory ; The night 
 is far spent (eight voices) ; God be merciful ; 
 and other anthems. Sonata da Camera, No. 
 1, in D minor ; No. 2, in C minor ; No. 3, iu 
 G minor; Concert Fantasia on Scottish melo- 
 dies ; Fantasia in B flat ; two Andantes — all 
 for organ ; and organ arrangements of Over- 
 tures, William Tell, Oberon, etc. Musical 
 editor of Scottish Hymnal, 1885 ; Psalms 
 and Paraphrases ; Psalter ; and Anthem 
 Book, for Psalmody Committee of the Church 
 of Scotland. 
 
 Peacock, Francis, musician and minia- 
 ture painter, born at Aberdeen, in 1723. He 
 was a dancing-master in Aberdeen, and a 
 violinist who frequently led the weekly sub- 
 scription concerts given by the Musicil 
 Society. He taught dancing, under the 
 patronage of the Town Council, in a hall 
 in Drum's LaTie. He died at Aberdeen, June 
 26, 1807. Editor of " Fifty Favourite Scotch 
 Airs, for a violin, German flute, and violon- 
 cello, with a thorough-bass for the harpsi- 
 chord," London, n.d. [1762] . Author of 
 " Sketches relative to the History and theory, 
 but more especially to the practice of Dan- 
 cing," Aberdeen, 1805. The publication of 
 this called forth a satirical poem, entitled, 
 " On the Magistrates of the city having 
 purchased twenty copies of ' Peacock on 
 Dancing.' " 
 
 Peacock, Matthew, musician of first 
 half of the present century, who was a native 
 of Chesham, issued " A Set of Psalm and 
 Hymn Tunes, composed in a familiar style," 
 London [1837]. 
 
 Pearce, Charles William, organist and 
 composer, born at Salisbury, December 5, 
 1856. Studied the organ under Theodore E. 
 Aylward, W. S. Hoyte, and Dr. E. J. Hop- 
 kins ; pianoforte, harmony, and composition 
 with C. J. Read, Dr. Hopkins, and (Professor) 
 E. Prout. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1881 ; Mus. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 315 
 
 PEARCE. 
 
 Doc, 1884, Cambridge. Was organist of St. 
 Martin's, Salisbury, 1871-3, and accompanist 
 to Sarmn Choral Society, 1872-3. In 1874 he 
 was appointed to St. Luke's, Old Street, 
 Loridou, accepting, in 1885, the office of 
 organist and choirmaster of St. Clement's, 
 Eastcheap, which he still holds. Professor 
 of Organ, Harmony, Counterpoint and Com- 
 position, Trinity College, London, 1882 ; 
 Dean of the College, 1892. Examiner for 
 degree of Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1888-91; 
 and for Mus. Doc, 1895. Co-editor of The 
 Organist and Choirmaster, and hon. treasurer 
 of Loudon Section of the Incorporated Society 
 of Musicians from 1892. Has lectured on 
 Plain Song Melodies ; The Compositions of 
 Samuel Wesley ; Organists in relation to the 
 Clergy (Dublin, 1895), and kindred subjects. 
 
 Works. — Church Cantatas : All Saints 
 (1880), The Man of Sorrows (1893), Our Risen 
 and Ascended Lord (1895). Oratorio (Univ. 
 Ex. Mus. Doc.) Lux benigna (1884), Eucela- 
 dus, choral scena, men's voices, op. 43, pro- 
 ducea at Bristol, 1889. Services, Anthems, 
 Hymns, in Anglican Choir Series ; Songs, 
 etc. ; Quartet in C, for organ, pf., violin, and 
 violoncello; Trio, "Nocte Surgentes," for 
 pf., violin, and violoncello; Three Idj'lls for 
 violin and pf. Organ music: Symphonic 
 poem, " Corde natus ;" two Sonatas (all, 
 1885) ; Preludes and fugues, fantasias, post- 
 ludes, and introductory voluntaries. Edu- 
 cational works : Voice Training Exercises 
 (with Behnke, 1884) ; Voice Training Studies 
 (1892) ; Voice Training Primer (1893) ; Three 
 Text-books of Musical Knowledge, Junior, 
 Intermediate, and Senior (Hammond and 
 Co., 1889-91) ; Complete Pedal Scales, organ 
 (1892) ; Three books of Organ Studies 
 (1893-4) ; Organ School (1895). 
 
 Pearce, Joseph, author of " Violins, and 
 Violin-makers : biographical dictionary of the 
 great Italian artistes, their followers and 
 imitators to the present time. With essays 
 on important subjects connected with the 
 Violin," London, 1866. 
 
 Pearce, Stephen Austen, organist and 
 composer, born near London. Pupil of Dr. 
 J. L. Hopkins. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1859; 
 Mus. Doc, 1864, Oxford. Held organ appoint- 
 ments at St. John's, Oxford Square, London ; 
 St. Saviour's, Paddington ; St. Paul's, Onslow 
 Square, and elsewhere. Visited the United 
 States and Canada ; i-eturned to London, and 
 gave recitals at Hanover Square Rooms, etc. 
 Again went to America, and was appointed 
 Instructor in vocal music at Columbia College. 
 Organist successively at St. Mark's, Philadel- 
 phia ; St. Andrew's ; St. George's ; New 
 Cathedral, 5th Avenue ; and St. Stephen's 
 R. C. Church in New York. His latest 
 appointments were. Lecturer, and professor 
 of harmonj' and composition at New York 
 
 PEARSALL. 
 
 College of Music. He has given concerts and 
 lectures in many parts of the United States, 
 and contributed to the press of Chicago, 
 Boston, etc., and to the principal musical 
 journals. His compositions comprise a com- 
 edy-opera, "La Belle Americaine" ; orchestral 
 music, performed by the Thomas orchestra, 
 etc. ; many pf. pieces, songs, etc., as well as 
 arrangements. His Degree Exercises were 
 The Psalm of Praise, cantata ; and Celestial 
 Visions, a dramatic oratorio. Author of A 
 Musical Dictionary; and editor and translator 
 of various elaborate works for American pub- 
 lishers. 
 
 Pearman, William, tenor vocalist, was 
 born at Manchester in 1792. He went to sea 
 as a cabin-boy, and was engaged at the Battle 
 of Copenhagen, and wounded. Appeared 
 unsuccessfully as an actor, and sang at Sadler's 
 Wells Theatre, London. Afterwards he 
 studied for a short time under Addison. Sang 
 at Newcastle, Bath, Bristol, etc. Debut as 
 operatic vocalist at English Opera House, 
 July 7, 1817, in " The Cabinet." Sang at 
 Drury Lane, Covent Garden, and principal 
 concerts. Died ('?). 
 
 Pearman, James, probably a relative of 
 the above, was born at Winchester about 1818. 
 He studied under Dr. Chard, and was an 
 organist and teacher of music in Dundee, 
 where he died, on April 3, 1880. Composer 
 of a IMass, some pf. music, songs, etc. 
 
 Pearsall, Robert Lucas de, composer, 
 born at Clifton, IMarch 14, 1795. Educated 
 for Law. Called to the Bar, 1821, and prac- 
 tised till 1825. He then studied music under 
 Pannv, at IMayence. Re-visited England, 
 1829."^ Settled at Carlsruhe, 1830. Lived at 
 Wartensee Castle on Lake of Constance from 
 1832. He died at Wartensee, August 5, 1856. 
 
 Works. — Madrigals for 4, 5, 6 and 8 voices, 
 London [1840] . Eight Glees and Madrigals, 
 London [1863] . Twentv-four Choral Songs, 
 etc., edited by J. Hullah [1863]. Ballet Opera 
 Choruses [1878] . Sacred Compositions, edited 
 by Trimnell, n.d. Edited a Catholic Hymn 
 Book, 1863, and composed psalms and anthems. 
 Part-songs : A king there was in Thule ; Let 
 us all a-Maying go ; who will o'er the downs 
 so free ; Purple glow the forest mountains ; 
 Sing we and chaunt it ; Sir Patrick Spens 
 (10 parts) ; Bishop of Mentz ; Hardy Norse- 
 man's house of yore ; Red wine flows ; Watch- 
 man's song ; Winter song ; Who shall win my 
 lady fair? etc. Essay on Consecutive Fifths 
 and Octaves in Counterpoint, London, n.d., 
 etc. 
 
 Pearsall, Samuel, tenor vocalist, who 
 sang at the Gloucester Festival of 1832, and 
 at Worcester and Hereford at times up to 
 1845, and was a tenor in the choir of Lichfield 
 Cathedral for many years. He sang at most 
 of the provincial festivals, and gave lectures 
 
316 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 PEARSON. 
 
 on musical subjects, illustrated by the mem- 
 bers of Lichfield Cathedral choir. Died at 
 Lichfield in July, 1883, at an advanced age. 
 
 Pearson Arthur, organist and composer, 
 born at Stanningley, near Leeds, April 22, 
 1866. He is organist at St. Paul's Church, 
 Huddersfield ; and also Borough organist. 
 His cantata, " The Promised Land," was 
 produced at New Wortley, November 29, 1885. 
 He has composed other vocal music, and was 
 editor of The Yorkshire Musician. 
 
 Pearson, Henry Hugo. See Pierson, 
 Henry Hugo. 
 
 Pearson, Martin, composer, was born in 
 the latter half of the 16th century. ]\Iaster 
 of the children of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1604. 
 Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1613. He died in 1650, and 
 left £100 to the poor of March, in the Isle 
 of Ely. 
 
 Works. — Private Musicke, or the first 
 Booke of Ayres and Dialogues, containing 
 Songs of 4. 5, and 6 parts of severall sorts, etc., 
 1604. "Mottects, or grave chamber musicke, 
 for voices and vials, with an organ part which 
 may be performed on virginals, bass-lute, 
 bandora, or Irish harjo," 1630. Compositions 
 in Leighton's " Teares," etc. 
 
 Pearson, William Webster, composer 
 and organist, born at Bishop Auckland, 
 September 27, 1839. Chorister at York 
 Minster, under Dr. Camidge. For many 
 years he has been organist of the Parish 
 Church of Elmham, Norfolk, and teacher of 
 the violin at the Norfolk County School, 
 Dereham ; also conductor of Dereham Or- 
 chestral Society. He has composed church 
 music, organ and pf. pieces, songs, etc., a 
 cantata, "Voices of the Flowers," for ladies' 
 voices, and a great number of part-songs, 
 among which may be named. Blow, Western 
 Wind, Stars of the Night, The Lake, 'Tis 
 Morn, Coral Grove, Woods in Winter, The 
 Anglers, and Autumn ; also a set with orches- 
 tral accompaniment : The Iron Horse, Off to 
 Sea, Lifeboat, Ocean, Ironfounders, etc. 
 HiimoroiLS : A Ryghte Merrie Geste, Ben 
 Bowley, Carrion Crow, etc. Songs for the 
 Little Ones, Nursery Rhymes; many contribu- 
 tions to Novello's School Songs. Author of 
 Notation of Vocal Music on the principle of 
 the subst tution of Pitch ; and the National 
 ]\Iethod of Vocal Music for Elementary 
 Schools, ]\Iauchester, 1874. 
 
 Peattie, William, musician, compiler of 
 " Selection of Psalm and Hymn Tunes, 
 adapted to the various metres used in the 
 X^rincipal churches, chapels, and dissenting 
 congregations in Scotland ; to which is pre- 
 fixed a compendious introduction, with some 
 useful scales and examples, calculated to 
 promote the improvement of -'acred j\Iusic." 
 Edinburgh, Oliver & Boyd, 1824, 6th edit. 
 
 Peck, James, music publisher and 
 
 PENNA. 
 
 engraver, established in London. He edited 
 " Two Hundred and Fifty Psalm Tunes in 
 Three Parts," 1798 ; collection of Hymn 
 Tunes, Fugues, and Odes, 1799, 3 books ; 
 Miscellaneous Collection of Sacred Music, 
 1809 ; Beauties of Sacred Harmony, 1824 ; 
 and composed glees, etc. He was succeeded 
 in business by his son John, organist of St. 
 Faith's, who isued in conjunction with his 
 brother James, jun. (born at London, 1773). 
 " Peck's Pocket Arrangement or general 
 collection of Psalm • and Hymn Tunes," 
 Loudon, 1833, 3 vols. The Union Tune Book 
 being a collection of psalm and hymn tunes 
 adapted for use in Sunday schools and con- 
 gregations ; to which is prefixed a short intro- 
 duction to singing. London, 1837. 
 
 Pede, or Peed, Thomas Thorpe, com- 
 poser, pianist, and singer, born about 1825. 
 Was a lecturer and teacher. Died at Margate, 
 November 9, 1888, aged 63. Composed Waltzes 
 for pf., op. 2 [1846] ; Quadrilles, etc. Songs : 
 Faith is over ; I have not gold ; Last request ; 
 Loving for aye ; Old Hall clock. 
 
 Peel, Rev. Frederick. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Oxford, 1872. He was organist and 
 music master at Reading School, Berks., 
 1871-5 ; and is now vicar of Heslington, near 
 York. Composer of Psalm 145, for soli, chorus 
 and orchestra ; Anthems, services, hjmm 
 tunes ; songs ; organ and pf. pieces. 
 
 Pegler, Daniel, amateur composer and 
 pianist, was well-known in the early part of 
 the present century as a performer of ability. 
 He died at Colchester, December 29, 1876. 
 Thalberg considered Pegler one of the finest 
 semi-professional pianists in England. He 
 had a very wonderful memory. 
 
 Penna, Frederic, baritone vocalist and 
 writer, born in London, July 15, 1831. Pupil 
 of Sir George Smart. He was solo baritone 
 at the Oratory, Brompton, for ten years; 
 favourably known in the concert room ; and 
 appeared in opera for one season at Her 
 Majesty's Theatre. He is professor of singing 
 at the London Academy of Music, and widely 
 known as a teacher and lecturer on voice 
 training, etc. Author of an Essay on Singing, 
 London, 1878 ; Vocal Exercises, to illustrate 
 his method, 1888 ; Lecture, Mendelssohn's 
 portrait of " Elijah," musically painted : his 
 naoral qualities, etc. His wife, Catherine 
 Louisa Smith (died, London, December 27, 
 1880), was an excellent soprano vocalist, who 
 with her sister Julia, gained much reputation 
 for duet singing. These ladies were nieces of 
 Catherine Stephens. His daughter, Cath- 
 erine (Mrs. ]\I. Hooper), was also a soprano. 
 She sang at the Saturday Popular and 
 Philharmonc Concerts, 1876; the Norwich 
 Festival, etc., and was in much favour as a 
 vocalist. Composed some songs, and organ 
 music. She died June 6, 1894. William 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 317 
 
 I 
 
 PERCIVAL. 
 
 Penna, his son, baritone, toured with success 
 in the United States, in 1885. He died, 
 January, 1889. 
 
 Percival, Samuel, organist, flute-player, 
 and composer, born in 1824. He studied at 
 the R.A.M., London, and became organist at 
 the School for the Blind, Liverpool. Organist 
 of Wallasey Parish Church, and teacher in 
 Liverpool. He died at Liverpool, November 
 7, 1876. He composed a ^Magnificat and Nunc 
 Dimittis ; a cantata, entitled "The Lyre," 
 op. 7 ; Sonata for pf. and flute, op. 2 : original 
 melodies for flute and pf. ; Pf. music, songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Percy, John, composer, organist, and 
 tenor vocalist, was born in 1749. He died at 
 London, January 24, 1797. Little is known 
 of this musician, and he is only remembered 
 as the composer of the ballad, " Wapping Old 
 Stairs." He also composed some otlier works, 
 many of them possessing merit, among which 
 may be named : — Eight songs, with an accom- 
 paniment for the violin, op. 1 [1781] ; Garden 
 Scene from "Romeo and Juliet," duet, op. 2 
 [1785] ; Six Arietts, op. 5 [1786] . Sojigs : 
 Bonny Seaman ; Captive ; Gaffer Gray ; Hark 
 the horn calls away ; Soft as yon silver ray ; 
 Sophrosyne ; Sweet smells the brier ; When 
 Cloe tried her virgin fires ; and others. 
 
 Perkins, Charles Williain, organist, 
 born at Birmingham, October 4, 1855. Studied 
 the organ under Andrew Deakin ; and piano- 
 forte and composition under Dr. Heap. Held 
 the appointment of organist at Wretham Road 
 Church, Handsworth, until 1884, when he 
 went to London as assistant to Dr. Bridge, 
 at Westminster Abbey. He studied with Dr. 
 Bridge for some time, and held appointments 
 successively at Immanuel Church, Streatham 
 Common, and St. IMichael's, Paddington. In 
 June, 1888, he was elected organist of Bir- 
 mingham Town Hall, an office he still holds. 
 He is widely known as an organ player, and 
 and has given recitals at the Crystal Palace, 
 St. George's Hall, Liverpool, etc. ; while his 
 services are in great request at organ open- 
 ings. He gives weekly free recitals in the 
 Birmingham Town Hall, and has introduced 
 many famous organists to the Birmingham 
 public. He has ofiiciated as organist at the 
 Birmingham Festivals since 1888. 
 
 Perkins, Dodd, organist and composer, 
 was born about 1750. For many years he 
 was organist of Wells Cathedral, and num- 
 bered among his pupils James Turle. He 
 died on April 9, 1820. Composer of " Ten 
 Songs, written by the Hon. F. Seymour" 
 [1797]. " ]\Iusic, the soul of melody," glee, 
 etc. 
 
 Another Perkins (a son ?), w^as organist of 
 Wells Cathedral, as late as 1849, but particu- 
 lars concerning him are wanting. 
 
 Perren, George, tenor vocalist, born at 
 
 PETERSON. 
 
 Camberwell, 1827. Sang in concerts in Lon- 
 don and the provinces, afterwards going to 
 Milan to study under Lamperti. On his 
 return he made his debut at the Surrey 
 Theatre, May 28, 1855, in the "Faust" of 
 IMeyer Lutz. He ai^ijeared at the Sacred Har- 
 monic Society, January 30, 1850, in "Elijah;" 
 and was heard at various concerts in the 
 principal musical centres, being very popular 
 as a ballad singer. He took part in the first 
 performance of Macfarren's " She Stoops to 
 Conquer," at Drury Lane, February 11, 1864 ; 
 and at times, up to 1878, sang in Italian 
 Opera, at Her Majesty's Theatre. It is now 
 some time since he retired from the concert 
 platform. He composed a number of songs 
 and ballads. 
 
 Perry, Clara, see sub. Davies, Ben. 
 
 Perronet, Rev. Edward, hymn-writer 
 and composer, was born in 1721. He was a 
 colleague of John Wesley, and afterwards 
 preached to the Countess of Huntingdon's 
 congregation at Canterbury Died at Canter- 
 bury, January 8, 1792. Author of " All hail 
 the power of Jesu's name," the well-known 
 hymn, and composer of various hymn tunes. 
 
 Perrot, Robert, see Porret. 
 
 Perry, George, organist and composer, 
 was born at Norwich, in 1793. Chorister in 
 Norwich Cathedral under Eeckwith. Settled 
 in London, 1822. Director of music in Hay- 
 market Theatre, 1822. Organist of Quebec 
 Chapel. Leader of band of Sacred Harmonic 
 Society, 1832-47, and conductor in 1848. Or- 
 ganist of Trinity Church, Gray's Inn Road, 
 1846, He died at London, March 4, 1802. 
 
 Works. — Overture to the Persian Hunters, 
 1817 ; Family Quarrels, opera [1830] ; Morn- 
 ing, Noon, and Night, opera, 1822 ; Elijah 
 and the Priests of Baal, oratorio, 1818 ; The 
 Fail of Jerusalem, oratorio, 1830 ; The Death 
 of Abel, oratorio [1846]; Belshazzar's Feast, 
 cantata, 1836 ; Hezekiah, oratorio, 1847 ; 
 Anthems, etc. Songs : I will remember thee ; 
 Spirit of the storm. Rondos and other works 
 for pf. 
 
 Peterborough, Countess of, see Robin- 
 son, Anastasia 
 
 Peterson, Franklin Sievewright, or- 
 ganist and writer on music, born in Edin- 
 burgh, February 24, 1861. Studied at Dres- 
 den and Edinburgh ; organ pupil of Carl 
 Aug. Fischer, Dresden, 1884. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1892 Organist and choir- 
 master, Palmerston Place Church, Edin- 
 burgh, from 1884. Music master, Edinburgh 
 Ladies' College, 1893, and Fettes College, 
 1894. Lecturer on Musical History at Dun- 
 dee University College, and in Edinburgh and 
 St. Andrews University Extension centres. 
 Appointed, 1896, to act with Professor Niecks 
 as additional examiner for Music Scholar- 
 ships at Edinburgh University, founded by 
 
318 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 PETRIE. 
 
 the late Signer Theopbile Bucher, whose 
 legacy is now at the disjiosal of the Senatus 
 Mr. Peterson is autlior of the articles on 
 musical matters in the new edition of Cham- 
 bers's Enc^olopajdia, and has contributed 
 important papers to the Miisical Times, The 
 Monthly Musical Record, and the Magazine of 
 Music, etc. His " Elements of ]\Iusic " 
 (Augener, 1896) reached a second edition in 
 less than three months. He has also pub- 
 lished An Introduction to the Study of 
 Theory (Augener, 1897), some anthems, songs, 
 and part-songs, etc. 
 
 Petrie, George, antiquary and author, 
 born at Dublin in 1789. He was a painter in 
 Ireland, and was librarian to the Hibernian 
 Academy. Attached to the Irish Ordnance 
 Survey, and held other appointments. Died 
 at Dublin, January 17, 1866. Compiler of the 
 Petrie Collection of the ancient music of Ire- 
 land, Dublin, 1855, vol. 1 and pp. 1-48 of vol. 
 2 all published ; and author of an " Essay on 
 Music " in the Dablin Examiner of 1816. His 
 collection of Irish music is very valuable. 
 
 Petrie, Robert, musician and violinist, 
 born at Kirkmichael, Perth, February, 1767. 
 He was a teacher, and played at many con- 
 certs, balls, etc. Drowned when returning 
 liome from a party, in August, 1830. He com- 
 posed four " Collections of Strathspey Reels 
 and country dances, with a bass for the 
 violoncello," etc., London and Edinburgh 
 ,[1790] . The other collections differ but 
 slightly in the titles. Some of these collec- 
 tions had a large circulation, being issued in 
 editions of over 1,000 to subscribers. In his 
 third collection the well-known air " Comin' 
 through the Rye " appears in its original 
 form as the " ]\Iiller's daughter," Strathspey, 
 and as altered by John Watlen now forms the 
 melody usually sung with Burns's song. 
 
 Pettet, Alfred, English musician, born 
 about 1785 ; died about 1845. Compiler of 
 Original Sacred Music, consisting of psalms, 
 hymns, and anthems composed expressly for 
 this work by Attwood, Bishop, Cramer, 
 Crotch, Goss, Horsley, Shield, Wesley, etc..." 
 London [1815] . Duettinos and Trios, se- 
 lected [1840]. Waltzes, etc., for pf. ; songs 
 and other vocal music. 
 
 Pettit, Walter, violoncello player, born 
 at London, March 14, 1835. He studied at the 
 R.A.M., and was principal 'cello at Philhar- 
 monic Society, H.M. Theatre, etc. He died at 
 London, Dec. 11, 1882. His son, William H. 
 Pettit, is a violoncellist of repute. 
 
 Pettman, Edgar, organist and composer, 
 born at Dunkirk, near Faversham, April 20, 
 1866. Educated at R.A.M. Organist of St. 
 Matthew's, New Kent Road, London ; St. 
 James's, Piccadilly. He has composed a can- 
 tata, " The Nativity," produced, 1885, at St. 
 Matthew's Church, and some church music. 
 
 PHILLIPS. 
 
 Pew, John, violinist and conductor, was 
 born in tliu fii'st half of the present century. 
 Appeared as violinist at concerns, Leeds, 1854, 
 etc. He was for many years associated with 
 the Carl Rosa Opera Company as chorus 
 master and assistant conductor, and he acted 
 as conductor of the English Opera Company, 
 1877 ; Valentine Smith's Opera Company, 
 1890, etc. He died at Manchester, February 
 22, 1890. Composer of dance music and songs. 
 
 Phasey, Alfred James, euphonium 
 player. He was originally an ophicleide and 
 bass trombone player in the band of the 
 Coldstream Guards, and aftei wards a member 
 of the Queen's private band. For nearly 25 
 years he was a member of the Crystal Palace 
 orchestra. He was also bandmaster of the 
 St. George's Rifle Volunteers. He died at 
 Chester, August 17, 1888. He introduced 
 many improvements on, and was practically 
 inventor of, the euphonium. Author of 
 Instruction Book for the Euphonium [1858] ; 
 Popular Instruction Book for the Trombone 
 [1860] ; and composer of fantasias on operas 
 for euphonium, cornet, etc. His son Alfked 
 is also a good euphonium player. 
 
 Philipps, Arthur, organist and composer, 
 born in 1605. Clerk of New College, Oxford, 
 1622. Organist of Bristol Cathedral, 1638 ; 
 ]\lagdalen College, Oxford, 1639. Choragus 
 or Professor of Music in Oxford University, 
 1639. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1640. Organist to 
 Queen Henrietta Maria of France, and, after 
 his return to England, organist to Mr. Caryll, 
 an Essex gentleman. Composed "The Re- 
 quiem, or liberty of an imprisoned Royalist," 
 1641; "The Resurrection," 1649; etc. 
 
 Philipps, Peter, Petbus Philippus, 
 composer, who was born in England about 
 [1560] . Canon of Bethune in Flanders. 
 Organist of vice-regal chapel of the Governor 
 of the Low Countries. Canon of Collegiate 
 Church of St. Vincent, Soignies. He died in 
 April, 1625. 
 
 Works. — Melodia Olympica di diversi 
 eccellentissimi Musici a 4, 5, 6, e 8 voci, 1591 
 (and other editions). II Primo libro de' 
 Madrigali a sei voci, 1596. Madrigali a otto 
 voci, 1598. II Secondo libro di Madrigali a 
 sei voci, 1604. Cantiones Sacrse, 5 vocum, 
 1612. Gemmulse Sacrse, 2 e 3 voci, 1613. 
 Cantiones Sacnee octi vocum, 1613. Litanise, 
 1623. 
 
 Phillips, Adelaide, contralto vocalist, 
 born at Stratf<.>rd-on-Avon in 1833. She sang 
 in Boston and Philadelphia, and studied in 
 London under Garcia and W. C. Masters, 
 1852 ; also in Italy. Appeared in London, 
 Paris, and in United States of America. She 
 died at Carlsbad, October 3, 1882. 
 
 Phillips, Anna Maria, see Crouch, 
 Ann.\ ]Maria. 
 
 Phillips, Henry, baritone vocalist and 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 319 
 
 PHILLIPS. 
 
 writer, born at Bristol, August 13, 1801. He 
 sang in chorus at Drury Lane Theatre, and 
 studied under Broadhurst, and Sir G. Smart. 
 Sang at the English Opera House ; at the 
 Lenten Oratorios; in Arne's " Artaxerxes," 
 1824: " Der Freischutz," 1824; at the Provin- 
 cial Festivals, etc. He appeared in America, 
 in 1844. Retired, in 1863. He died at Dalston, 
 London, November 8, 1876. His daughters 
 Alice and Florence were vocalists. 
 
 Works. — Adventures in America, an enter- 
 tainment [1845] . The True Enjoyment of 
 Angling, 1843. Hints on Musical Declama- 
 tion. London, 1848 ; Birmingham edit., n.d. 
 Musical and Personal Recollections during 
 Half-a-Century. London, 1864, 2 vols. Songs: 
 Best of all good company ; Emigrant ship ; 
 Farmer's daughter of Berkshire ; Terence 
 Macarthy; Voyage through life ; Woman, etc. 
 He also issued an edition of Dibdin's Songs, 
 1859. 
 
 Phillips, Louisa, soprano vocalist, born 
 at Bath. Studied at the Conservatoire, Paris, 
 under Eugene Crosti and Jules Barbot. Made 
 her debut at Colston Hall, Bristol, at INIr. 
 Riselej^'s Concerts, December 4, 1882 ; sung 
 at the Monday Popular Concerts, London, 
 1884 ; and has given concerts at Princes' Hall, 
 and appeared with success at the principal 
 concerts up to the present time. 
 
 Phillips, Thomas, tenor vocalist, lecturer 
 and composer, born in I^ondon, 1774. Member 
 of a Monmouthshire family. Lectured and 
 sang at concerts during his lifetime. ]\Iade 
 liis debut at Covent Garden, as Philip in the 
 " Castle of Andalusia," 1796. Author of 
 " Elementary Principles and Practices for 
 Singing," London [1830]. Composer of a few 
 songs, part-songs and glees. Crows in a corn- 
 field ; Faded wreath ; Why tarries my love, 
 •etc. He also compiled "The ilentor's Harp," 
 moral ballads by T. H. Bayly ; " Improved 
 Psalmody for the Church and the Chamber." 
 Also an arrangement of Linley's " Duenna." 
 He was accidentally killed at Hartford, 
 Cheshire, while leaving or entering a train in 
 motion, October 27, 1841. 
 
 Phillips, William Lovell, composer and 
 pianist, born at Bristol, December 26, 1816. 
 Chorister in Bristol Cathedral. He studied 
 under C. Potter at R.A.M., and became Pro- 
 fessor of composition there. He studied the 
 ■violoncello under Lindley . Member of orchestra 
 of H. M. Theatre, Philharmonic Society, and 
 Sacred Harmonic Society. Conductor at 
 •Olympic Theatre ; Princess' Theatre. Organist 
 of St. Catherine's Church, Regent Park, etc. 
 He died at London, March 19, 1860. 
 
 Works. — Borrowing a husband, farce 
 [1844] . Offertory Sentences set to music. 
 Symphony in F minor ; Cantata. Songs : Lady 
 mine ; Ivy green ; The sleeping beauty ; 
 Longings ; The old ballad ; Pearls of the 
 
 PHIPPS. 
 
 ocean; Voice of songs ; Christmas rose; Eng- 
 land's hope and pride ; One word ; Sentry ; 
 What must I sing you ? ; Songs of summer. 
 New and complete instructions for the violon- 
 cello. London, n.d 
 
 Phillipson, Wentworth, author of 
 " Guide to Young Pianoforte teachers and 
 students, with analysis of examples, etc., 
 London [1872] , 2 editions. 
 
 Philp, Elizabeth, vocal composer, born 
 at Falmouth, in 1827. She studied music 
 under Garcia, Marchesi, and F. Hiller. She 
 died at London, November 26, 1885. Com- 
 poser of a number of meritorious songs, etc., 
 of which the following is a select list : — 
 
 Works. — Songs : Bye and Bye ; Dolly ; 
 Fisherman's story ; Forgiven ; Golden past ; 
 Hop-pickers ; I love him more than I can 
 say ; Love that's never told ; My head is like 
 to rend ; Oh ! why not be happy ; Poacher's 
 Widow ; River ran between them ; 'Tis all 
 that I can say; 'Tis wine; Violets of the Spring; 
 Wrecked hope. Part-songs, various. How to 
 sing an English Ballad, London, 1883 
 [Reprint], etc. 
 
 Philpot, John, double-bass player, was 
 born in 1759. He was for more than fifty 
 years a member of the orchestra of Bath, and 
 as a double-bass player was considered second 
 only to Dragonetti. He died at Bath, January 
 26, 1843. He was the father of Mrs. Anderson, 
 the pianist. 
 
 Philpot, Lucy, Sec Anderson, Lucy. 
 
 Philpot Stephen, musician and author, 
 wrote " An Introduction to the art of inlaying 
 on the violin on an entirely new plan." 
 London, [1767]; " Six capital lessons for the 
 Harpsichord or Pianoforte." [1784]. 
 
 Philpot, Stephen Rowland, composer. 
 Studied at R. A.M., under Sir G. A. Macfarren. 
 His works include the operas, " Dante and 
 Beatrice," produced November 25, 1889 ; 
 " Zelica," December 17, 1890, in concert form, 
 both at Gresham Hall, Brixton ; Also " La 
 Gitana," one act opera, 1896. He has also 
 written pieces for pf. and strings ; songs, etc. 
 
 Phipps, Alexander James, composer 
 and conductor, of Liverpool. Studied under 
 W. H. Holmes and C. Steggall, at R.A.M. 
 Has given chamber concerts in that city, and 
 is conductor of Opera and Oratorio Societies. 
 Organist of St. James', Swansea, 1866 ; now 
 of St. John's, Bootle, in which Church was 
 produced his " Meditation on the Passion," 
 for chorus and organ, 1893. He has composed 
 an oratorio, " The Ten Virgins " ; an opera, 
 " Thea, or Solomon's Treasure ' ; songs, and 
 other works. Author of " Comprehensive 
 Guide to the study of IMusic," Loudon [1874] . 
 
 Phipps, Thomas Blomer, musician and 
 author, born Loudon, January 30, 1796 ; died 
 London, February 17, 1849. Son of one of 
 the partners of the firm of Goulding, Phipps, 
 
320 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 PHIPSON. 
 
 and D'Almaine. He wrote "Guida de Chitarra, 
 or complete book of instructions for the 
 Spanish Guitar . . l^ondon, u.d. ; Shakespeare 
 musical wreath [1840] ; Pleasures of Harmony, 
 airs for pf. ; Six Royal Scotch Polkas ; num- 
 erous " recollections," arrangements, etc., for 
 pf. ; Songs, and other vocal music. 
 
 Phipson, T. L., amateur musician and 
 physician in London, author of " Biographical 
 sketches and anecdotes of celebrated Violin- 
 ists," London, 1877. "Bellini and the Opera 
 of La Sonnamhula," London, 1880. " Famous 
 Violinists and fine Violins : historical notes, 
 anecdotes and reminiscences," London, 1896. 
 Dr. Phipson was at one time president and 
 solo violinist of the Bohemian Orchestral 
 Society. He translated De Beriot's " Methode 
 de Violon," and wrote "Some mysteries of 
 nature." London, 1876; The storm and its 
 portents, 1878 ; Meteors, aerolites and falling 
 stars, 1866 ; and other works. 
 
 Pickard, J., author of " IModulation exem- 
 plified by a grand tabular view of the prep- 
 arations of all the notes of the octaves," 
 London [1835]. Composer of "Thirty ap- 
 proved and fashionable airs for the violon- 
 cello," London [1825] , 2 books. 
 
 Pickering, John, pianist and composer, 
 born at London, May 23, 1792. He studied 
 with Domenico Corri, and in 1812 settled as a 
 teacher in Preston. Afterwards, in 1817, he 
 settled in Manchester, where he attained a 
 high position as a teacher and pianist. He 
 died at Manchester, November 6, 1843. Com- 
 poser of much pianoforte music and of music 
 for the church. 
 
 Pickering, Thomas,musician and author, 
 born at London, July 4, 1796. He was an 
 associate of the Novellos, Horsleys, and other 
 musical families, and a man of remarkable 
 literary' and musical attaiinnents. One of 
 the founders of the Royston Mechanics' In- 
 stitute, where Charles Cowden Clarke delivered 
 his first lee jure. He formed classes for the 
 study of music, and was president and con- 
 ductor of the Royston Choral Society. He 
 died at Royston, May 1, 1876. 
 
 Piercy, Henry Ralph, tenor vocalist, 
 born at Birmingham. Came into notice 
 locally about 1879. Went to London and 
 studied under J. B. Welch, and from 1882 
 attracted favourable notice. He sang at 
 the Bristol Festival, 1885 ; Wolverhampton 
 Festival, 1886 ; Birmingham, 1888, in Dvorak's 
 Stabat Mater, etc. ; and Leeds, 1889. He has 
 been heard at the principal concerts in the 
 United Kingdom, and has won an honourable 
 position among singers of the day. He is a 
 member of the Temple Church Choir. 
 
 Piercy, Rosetta, violinist and soprano 
 vocalist, born at Birmingham, November 29, 
 1838. Received her first lessons on the violin 
 from James Hyde, a local professor, and was 
 
 PIERSON. 
 
 afterwards for some years a pupil of Henry 
 Hayward, of Wolverhampton, at one of whose 
 concerts she made her debut. As solo violinist 
 and vocalist she was frequently heard at 
 concerts in the principal Midland towns ; 
 and was a regular contributor to the ^Monday 
 Popular Concerts given in the Town Hall by 
 the late James Stimpson, and was one of ttie 
 party engaged when Madame Patey made"' 
 her debut. She retired from the profession 
 on her marriage, in 1861, with Mr. Alfred 
 Feeny, a journalist, formerly of J.ondon ; for 
 some time musical critic, and later an assis- 
 tant editor of the Birvtingliam Daily Post. 
 
 Pierpoint, Bantock, baritone vocalist, 
 born at Runcorn, Cheshire, August 8, 1856. 
 Sang in Prescot Parish Church when a boy. 
 Was organist for some time at the Indeijend- 
 ent Chapel, Runcorn, and sang at concerts as 
 an amateur tenor, being occupied in business. 
 His first vocal instructor was Mr. W. I. Argent, 
 of Liverpool, and he afterwards studied at the 
 R.A.M., and Guildhall School of j\Iusic, under 
 M. Visetti, eventually becoming a private 
 pupil of Mr. W. Shakespeare, his voice settling 
 to a baritone of exceptional compass. He 
 sang at various concerts in London, Birming- 
 ham, and other places, but his first great 
 opportunity was at a concert of the Sacred 
 Harmonic Society, December 8, 1887, when 
 (owing to the illness of Mr. Watkin Mills) he 
 took the part of Ltccifer- in the " Golden 
 Legend " at a few hours' notice. He first 
 sang at the Bristol Festival in 1890, in Parry's 
 "Judith," and has fulfilled engagements at 
 the Norwich, Chester, and Cheltenham Festi- 
 vals. He is a member of the Royal Society 
 of Musicians, and an Associate of the Phil- 
 harmonic Society. 
 
 Joseph Pierpoint, no relation, was a tenor 
 singer, and a member of several English Opera 
 Companies. He died at Preston, June 17, 
 1887, aged forty. 
 
 Pierson, Henry, Hugo, or Pearson, 
 composer, born at Oxford, April 12, 1816. 
 Educated at Harrow and Trinity College, 
 Cambridge. He studied music under Attwood 
 and Corfe, in England ; Rink, Tomaschek, 
 and Reissiger in Germany. Professor of 
 Music in Edinburgh Univer.sity, 1844. Married 
 to Caroline Leonhardt. Resided mostly in 
 Germany. He died at Leipzig, January 28, 
 1873, and is buried at the family burying 
 place at Sonning, Berks. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios : Jerusalem, Norwich 
 Festival, 1852; London, 1853. Hezekiah, 
 Norwich. 1869. Music to Second Part of 
 Goethe's "Faust," Hamburg, 1854. Operas: 
 Contarini, Hamburg, 1872 ; Leila, Hamburg, 
 1848; Symphony, Macbeth, op. 54. Overtjires : 
 " As you like it " ; " Romeo and Juliet," op. 
 86; "Julius Caesar"; Romantique. Salve 
 sternum, a Roman dirge, op. 30, 1853 ; Der 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 321 
 
 K 
 
 PIGGOTT. 
 
 Elfensieg. Six romances foi- voice and pf. ; 
 Six songs for voice and pf. ; Elegies, do. ; 
 Lieder, various ; Ye Mariners of England, 
 part-song ; Hurrah for Merry England ; Now 
 the bright morning star. Blessed are the 
 dead, anthem ; Ave Maria. Office of the Holy 
 Communion set to music [1870] . Thirty 
 Hymn Tunes, 1870; 2nd series, 1872. Te 
 Deums, etc. 
 
 Piggott, Francis, organist and composer, 
 born about the middle of the 17th century. 
 He was organist of Rlagdalen College, Oxford, 
 1686-87; of Temple Church, London, 16S8 ; 
 and of Chapel Royal in 1697. In 1695 he was 
 appointed Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 
 and in 1698 he was Mus. Bac, Cantab. He 
 died in May, 1704. Composer of anthems ; 
 " Choice Collection of Ayres for the harpsi- 
 chord, by Blow, F. Piggott, etc.," 1700. 
 
 Pilkington, Francis, composer and luten- 
 ist of the 16tli and 17th centuries. He was 
 a chorister in Chester Cathedral, and ^lus. 
 Bac, Oxoa., 1595. He publislied First Booke 
 of Songs or Ayres of 4 Parts, with tablature 
 for the lute or orpharion, with the violl da 
 gamba, 1605; First Set of Madrigals and 
 Pastorals of .3, 4, and 5 Parts, 1613 ; Second 
 Set of Madrigals and Pastorals of 3, 4, 5, and 
 6 Parts, apt for Violl and Voyce, 1624. 
 
 Pilling, Samuel Wilkinson, amateur 
 organist and authority on organ construction, 
 born at Boltou-le-Moors, 1856. Educated at 
 Victoria College, Manchester; received his 
 musical training under S. B. Whiteley, arid 
 J. Dobson, of Southport, and later under J. 
 Kendrick Pyne, of Manchester. Has given 
 many organ recitals in different parts of the 
 country, and appeared at the Bow and Brom- 
 ley Institute, December 2, 1882, and is also 
 known as an occasional lecturer upon matters 
 referring to the organ. Many improvements 
 in organ construction have been initiated by 
 him, and he has designed and opened upwards 
 of one hundred-and-thirty organs in various 
 localities. He has an exceptional!)' fine four- 
 manual organ in the music-room of his resi- 
 dence. The Hagg, Mirfield, which was opened 
 by Jules Grison, of Rheims, November 80, 
 1887, and upon which many distinguished 
 organists have given recitals. Mr. Pilling is 
 by profession a Civil Engineer and Railway 
 Contractor, succeeding to the business of his 
 father, Abraham Pilling, J. P., late of Bolton. 
 
 Pillow, John William Davis, conduc- 
 tor and organist, born at Chichester, in 1851. 
 Chorister at Chichester Cathedral, and or- 
 ganist of St. Pancras, Chichester, when 13. 
 Articled pupil of E. H. Thorne. In 1869 he 
 was appointed to All Saints', Portsmouth, 
 and in 1880 founded the Portsmouth Phil- 
 harmonic Society, which has given many 
 excellent concerts. In 1889 he accepted the 
 post of organist at the new Parish Church of 
 
 PITTMAN. 
 
 St. Mary, Portsea He is a leading member 
 of the local Masonic brotherhood. 
 
 Pinto, George Frederick, or Saunders, 
 violinist and composer, born in Lambeth, 
 London, September, 25, 1786. Grandson of 
 Thomas Pinto. He studied under Salomon, 
 and performed at the principal London and 
 provincial concerts ; and appeared in Scot- 
 land with great success, 1802. He died at 
 Chelsea, London, March 23, 1806. 
 
 Works. — Six Canzonets for voice and pf., 
 Birmingham [1805] ; Four Canzonets and a 
 sonata, edited, witli preface, by S. Wesley, 
 Edinburgh [1807] ; Canzonets, edited by T. 
 Oliphant [1846] ; Three Duets for two violins 
 obligate, op. 5 ; Three Sonatas for pf., op. 4 ; 
 Three Sonatas for pf. and violin [1805] ; other 
 vocal and instrumental works. 
 
 Pinto, Thomas, violinist, born in Eng- 
 land, of Italian parents, early in the 
 eighteenth century. He performed at pro- 
 vincial festivals, and at King's Theatre, Lon- 
 don. Resided successively in Edinburgh and 
 Ireland. Married to Miss Brent, the vocalist. 
 He died in Ireland, in 1773. 
 
 His second wife. Miss Charlotte Brent, 
 whom he married in 1766, was a famous 
 soprano vocalist, and appeared as a concert 
 vocalist for many years in London and else- 
 where, from 1758. She died in London, April 
 10, 1802. 
 
 Pitman, Ambrose, musician and minor 
 poet, born 1763. Musician in London. Died, 
 London, in 1817. 
 
 Works. — Three favourite Amorosos for 
 voice and pf., op. 6 [1795] ; Laura, a sonnet 
 from Petrarch (? Metastasio), 1795. Songs : 
 Gaffer Gray ; lo ! Triumphe ; Marian's com- 
 plaint ; The Robin, etc. Beauties of D. Scar- 
 latti, selected by Ambrose Pitman [1780]; 
 Eugenic, or the man of sorrow, by a young 
 gentleman of seventeen, London, 1780 ; The 
 ]\Iiseries of Musick IMasters, a serio-comick 
 dramatick poem, London, 1815. 
 
 Pitt, Percy, composer, of present time. 
 Studied in Germany under Reineeke, Jadas- 
 sohn, and Rheinberger. Composer of a 
 Coronation March; Suite, "Petes Galante," 
 both performed at the Queen's Hall, 1896 ; and 
 other pieces for orchestra. Three Romantic 
 pieces, op. 18, 'cello and pf. ; Bagatelle, violin 
 and pf. ; Modern Suite, pf. Songs, etc. 
 
 Pitt, Thomas, musician, of latter part of 
 18th century, who was appointed organist of 
 Worcester Cathedral in 1793. Composer of 
 " Church Music, consisting of Te Deum and 
 jubilate, etc." Worcester, 1788-89, 2 vols. 
 
 Pittman, Josiah, organist and composer, 
 born in London, September 3, 1816. He 
 studied under S. S. Wesley, Moscheles and 
 Schnyder von Wartensee. Organist succes- 
 sivelv at Sydenham, 1831 ; Spitalfields, 
 1835-47 ; Lincoln's Inn, 1852-64. He was 
 
 U 
 
322 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 PITTS. 
 
 accompanist at Her IMajesty's Theatre from 
 1865 to 1868, and at the Roval Italian Opera, 
 Covent Garden, 1868-1880. He died at 
 London, April 23, 1886. 
 
 Works. — The People in the Church, their 
 Rights and Duties in connection with the 
 Poetry and ]\Iusic of the Book of Common 
 Prayer, London, 1858. The People in the 
 Cathedral ; a letter to the very Rev. Henry 
 Hart Milman, D.D., London, 1857. Songs of 
 Scotland, edited (with Colin Brown). Songs 
 from the Operas, 2 vols, (edited). Royal 
 Edition of Operas, edited with Sir A. Sullivan 
 (Boosey). Callcott's Grammar of Music 
 (edited), London, n.d. 
 
 Pitts, William John, organist, born at 
 Tansor, near Oundle, April 17, 1829. Organist 
 at Elton, Huntingdonshire when fourteen ; 
 and when the Oratory at Kensington, London, 
 was founded he was appointed organist, and 
 has been actively engaged in his duties for 55 
 years. Composer of the hymn tune known as 
 " Princethorpe," and some other vocal music. 
 His father was an organ builder, and he had 
 two brothers organists, James Pitts, formerly 
 of the R. C. Church at Brook Green, Hammer- 
 smith ; and John Pitts, formerly organist to 
 the Duke of Norfolk, Arundel. Both are now 
 deceased. John and Ernest Pitts, sons of 
 the last named, are pianists, and have gained 
 some reputation on the concert platform, from 
 1887 onwards. 
 
 Place, Gertrude, author of "A Catechism 
 of Music for the use of young children," 
 London, 1856. 
 
 Plaisted, Philip, organist, born at Mus- 
 well Hill, Middlesex, 1837. Went with his 
 parents to Australia in 1857. Returned to 
 London and became a pupil of George Cooper, 
 E. J. Hopkins, and W. H. Monk, 1863-5. 
 Held the post of organist at St. Stephen's, 
 Richmond, and other churches in Melbourne. 
 Was organist of the Melbourne Philharmonic 
 Society, and gave Saturday Evening Concerts. 
 In May, 1889, he became insane, and is living 
 still in that unhappy condition. A Miss 
 Grace Plaisted sang in English opera, in 
 Melbourne, 1883-4. 
 
 Plant, Arthur Blurton, organist and 
 composer, born at Lichfield, May 12, 1853. 
 W^as a chorister at the Cathedral for seven 
 years, and then articled pupil of the organist, 
 Thomas Bedsmore. Passed examination for 
 P.R.C.O., 1875 ; graduated Mus. Bac, 1882 ; 
 Mus. Doc, 1896, Oxford. In 1874, he was 
 appointed organist and choirmaster of St. 
 Paul's, Burton-on-Trent, and, in 1895, 
 Borough organist, both of which positions he 
 still holds. An able executant, he has given 
 organ recitals at the Bow and Bromley 
 Institute, and elsewhere. His compositions 
 include a setting of Psalm 13, for soli, chorus, 
 and orchestra ; Sonata in C ; six Sonatinas ; 
 
 PLAYFORD. 
 
 Concert Fugue ; and other pieces for the 
 organ, etc., etc. 
 
 Piatt, Edward, composer and horn- 
 player, was born on June 11, 1793; died at 
 Stirling, June 27, 1861. For many years a 
 member of the Philharmonic, Opera, and 
 other orchestras ; and played at the Three 
 Choirs' Festivals for twenty years. Retired 
 from the profession in 1849, owing to loss of 
 teeth. The late Sir Michael Costa considered 
 him without an equal for tone and " singing " 
 on the horn. Author of an Instruction Book 
 for the Pianoforte, and composer of songs, 
 " My Bonnie, Blythesome Mary," etc., and 
 pf. music. 
 
 Piatt, Robert, musician. Author of a 
 " New, Easy, and Correct System of Vocal 
 Music : a Practical Manual of Singing at 
 Sight." London, 1847. 
 
 Piatt, Samuel Radcliffe, a wealthy and 
 distinguished amateur musician, of Werneth 
 Park, near Oldham. He maintains a complete 
 orchestra of 45 performers, he himself playing 
 first oboe. Concerts are given under the 
 direction of Dr. Marsden (q-i'.), and a choir 
 has at times been employed. His library of 
 classical and modern orchestral music, 
 numbers over 1,000 works. The organ in St. 
 Thomas' Church, Wen eth, was his gift. It 
 has four manuals, and cost £3,000. He is a 
 member and trustee of the Manchester Royal 
 College of Music ; and founder and President 
 of the Oldham School of Music. Deputy 
 Lieutenant, J. P. for the County, and High 
 Sheriff, 1897. 
 
 Platts, James, composer, of latter part of 
 last and early part of present century. He 
 composed a large number of country dances, 
 cotillons, strathspeys, reels, quadrilles, med- 
 leys, waltzes, etc., for pf. or harp, between 
 1785 and 1815 ; also six Rondos for the harp 
 or pf., with accompaniment for the tamborino ; 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Playford, John, composer and music- 
 publisher, was born in London, in 1623. 
 Established a music-selling and publishing 
 business, in the Inner Temple, London. 
 Clerk of the Temple Church, 1653. He died 
 at London, in 1693. 
 
 Works. — An Introduction to the Skill of 
 Musick, in two books. To which is added the 
 Art of Descant, by Dr. Thomas Campion, and 
 Annotations thereon by Mr. Chr. Simpson 
 
 . . . (? 2nd edit.), London, 1655. (An 
 earlier edition [1654] is noted in Grove's 
 " Dictionary of Music," as having been in 
 the possession of Dr. Rimbault, and the only 
 known copy). 3rd edit., 1660; an unnumbered 
 edit., 1662; 4th edit., with portrait, 1664; 
 unnumbered editions in 1667, 1670 ; 6th edit., 
 portrait, 1672; 7th edit., with the Order of 
 Performing the Divine Service in Cathedrals 
 and Collegeate Chapels, portrait, 1674 ; 8th 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 323 
 
 PLAYFORD. 
 
 edit., portrait, 1679; 9th edit. (?) ; 10th edit, 
 (to which is added as a third boolc in place of 
 Campion's treatise, " A brief Introduction to 
 the Art of Descant, or Composing Music in 
 Parts," ascribed in future editions to Henry 
 Purcell), portrait, 1683 ; 11th edit., port, 
 1687 ; 12th edit., port, 1694 ; 13th edit., port, 
 1697 ; 14th edit., port, 1700 ; 15th edit., port, 
 1708 ; 16th edit., port, 1713 ; 17th edit., port, 
 1718 ; 18th edit., port, 1724 ; 19th edit., port, 
 17.30. Psalms and hymns in Solemn ilusick 
 of foure parts on the Common Tunes to the 
 Psalms in ]Metre . . . London, 1671. 
 The Whole Book of Psalms, with the usual 
 Hymns and Spiritual Songs, etc., composed 
 in three p rts, London (?); other editions, 
 2nd, 1695, 1697 ; 6th, 1700 ; 7th, 1701 ; 8th, 
 1702 ; 9th, 1707 ; 10th, 1709 ; 13th, 1715 ; 
 19th, 1738 ; 20th, 1757. A Paraphrase upon 
 the Psalms of David, by George Sandys. Set 
 to new tunes, for private devotion, by Henry 
 Lawes. Revised and corrected by John 
 Playford, London, 1676. The Musical Com- 
 panion, iu two books. The first book con- 
 taining catches and rounds for three voyces, 
 "the second containing dialogues, glees, ayres, 
 And songs for two, three, and four voyces, 
 London, 1673. A Booke of New Lessons, for 
 the Cythern and Gittern, Loudon, 1652. 
 Musick's Recreation on the Viol, Lyra- way ; 
 Ijeing a choice collection of Lessons . . . 
 •etc., London, 2nd edit.. 1682. In Locke's 
 "Present Practice of Musick Vindicated," 
 1673, is " A Letter from John Playford to Mr. 
 T. Salmon," in which he espouses Locke's 
 •cause to the disadvantage of Salmon. Pub- 
 lications, various : Hilton's Catch that catch 
 •can ; or a choice collection of catches, rounds, 
 and canons for three and four voyces, 1652 ; 
 Select Musical Ayres and Dialogues, in three 
 "books, for one, two, and three voyces . . . 
 by sundry composers (composed by Wilson, 
 Colman, Lawes, etc.), 1653; another edition, 
 1659 ; Choice Ayres, Songs, and dialogues to 
 be sung to the theorbo ... 5 books, 
 1676-84 ; The English Dancing Master : or 
 Plaine aud Easie Rules for the Dancing 
 ■of Country Dances, London, 1651 ; 2nd 
 edit., 1657; 3rd edit., 1605; and numerous 
 otlier editions to 1728 ; Musick's delight on 
 the Cithern, 1666 ; also published works of 
 Lawes ; Court Ayres ; and most of the im- 
 portant music books of the period. 
 
 Playford, Henry, publisher, second son 
 of the foregoing, born in London, May 5, 
 1657. Succeeded to his father's business in 
 1685, which he carried on for a time in com- 
 pany with Robert Carr, but afterwards alone 
 at the Temple Change, Fleet Street. He 
 died at London [1710]. His principal publi- 
 cations consist of the Theater of Music ; or a 
 •choice collection of the newest and best songs 
 :sung at the Court, etc. The words composed 
 
 PLUMSTEAD. 
 
 by the most ingenious wits of the age, and 
 set to music by the greatest masters. ..Lond., 
 4 books, 1685-87. Banquet of Musick : a 
 collection of the newest aud best songs sung 
 at Court, 6 books, 1688-92. Pleasant Musical 
 Companion, being a choice collection of 
 catches for three and four voices ; published 
 chiefly for the encouragement of the IMusical 
 Societies, which will be speedily set up in all 
 the chief cities and towns in England, 1701 ; 
 5th edit., 1709. A Collection of Original 
 Scotch Tunes (full of the Highland Humours) 
 for the Violin : being the first of this kind 
 yet printed : most of them being in the com- 
 pass of the Fli te, London, 1700. He also 
 published Purcell's "Ten Sonatas," in four 
 parts." 4 vols., 1697; Purcell's "Orpheus 
 Britannicus," 1098-1702; Blow's " Amphion 
 Anglicus," 1700, etc. He also published a 
 work which went through a number of editions, 
 viz., " Harmonia Sacra; or Divine Hymns 
 and Dialogues, with a Thorow-bass, etc.," 
 London, 1687-93; 3rd edit., with "four ex- 
 cellent hymns of the late j\Ir. Henry Purcell, 
 never before printed," 1726. 
 
 His younger brother, John (b. 1665, d. 
 1686), carried on the business of music 
 printer, and reprinted some of his father's 
 works. For some years he was in partner- 
 ship with the widow of William Godbid, a well- 
 known London music-printer, who executed 
 2nuch work for John Playford, senior. 
 
 Pleasants, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser of the 17th century. In 1676 he be- 
 came organist of Norwich Cathedral. He 
 composed some sacred and secular vocal 
 music. 
 
 Plumridge, Henry, organist and com- 
 poser, graduated Mus. Bac, 1871 ; IMus. Doc, 
 1888, Oxford. He is organist of LTniversity 
 College, and the City Church, Oxford ; and 
 the composer of an oratorio, " Daniel," 1888 ; 
 " God came from Teman," soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra ; anthems, etc. 
 
 Plumpton, Alfred, composer and con- 
 ductor of present time. About 1875 he was 
 conducting an opera company in India, and 
 afterwards went to Australia. He was some 
 time director of the choir at the Roman 
 Catholic Cathedral, Melbourne, and produced 
 a Mass in G there, 1881 (?) His cantata, 
 " Endymion," was composed for the first 
 Musical Festival at Melbourne, and performed 
 December 26, 1882. "The Apotheosis of 
 Hercules," for men's voices, was produced at 
 Melbourne, September 17, 1883. In 1892 he 
 was in London, conducting at the Priiice of 
 Wales' Theatre. For some time he was 
 musical critic for the Melbourne Age, and 
 Leader. He has composed some songs, etc. 
 
 Plumstead, W. H., published " Beauties 
 of Melody, a collection of popular airs . . . also 
 Irish and Scotch melodies," London, 1827. 
 
324 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 POLE. 
 
 "Church of England Music," London, 1846. 
 " Nursery Recreations for the Young," 
 1854-56, etc 
 
 Pole, William, civil engineer, writer on 
 science, and amateur musician, born at Bir- 
 mingham, April 22, 1814. Professor of Civil 
 Engineering at University College, London, 
 1859-76, and also held appointments in India, 
 and has done much scientific work for Govern- 
 ment. P.R.S. of London, 18(il, and Edin- 
 burgh, 1877. Cultivated his early taste for 
 music, and graduated at Oxford, JMus. Bac, 
 1860; Mus. Doc, 1867. Was organist of St. 
 Mark's, North Audley Street, London, 1836- 
 66 ; Examiner in Music, London University, 
 1878-90. Hon. P. CO., 1889. His contribu- 
 tions to musical literature date from 1836, 
 when he contributed his first papers to the 
 Musical World, on the Construction of Organ 
 pipes; on the Horn, etc. He wrote on the 
 Musical Instruments in the International 
 Exhibition of 1851 ; and the Official Report 
 of the Jury, on the same subject, in 1862 ; on 
 the Music at the Crystal Palace — Report to 
 the Shareholders, 1875 ; on the proposed Regu- 
 lations for IMusical Degrees, Univeraity of 
 London, 1877 ; and many papers for the 
 M^isical Times, Atheiueum, Nature, etc. ; also 
 for the programmes of the New t'hilharmouic 
 Concerts ; and articles in Grove's Dictionary 
 of Music. His " Philosoiihy of Music," 1879, 
 was reprinted by K. Paul, 1895 ; and " The 
 Story of Mozart's Requiem," which appeared 
 in the Musical Times in 1869, was issued by 
 Novello in 1879, as a pamphlet. These are 
 two extremely valuable works. Dr. Pole's 
 musical compositions include a setting of 
 Psalm 100 in cantata form, which was given 
 at a Festival at Tenbury by Sir F. A. G. 
 Ouseley, October 3, 1861 ; and the 8-part 
 motet from it, performed at tlie Chester 
 Festival, 1882. He has also done some four- 
 handed pf. accompaniments to classical songs, 
 and composed some organ music. 
 
 Poole, Clement William, amateur mu- 
 sician, born at Ealing, June 7, 1828. Studied 
 music under Jos. T. Cooper, and has acted as 
 honorary organist at the Parish Church, 
 Kingston-on-Thames; and Christ Church, 
 Ealing. Composer of vocal music, among 
 which is the hymn tune " Westenhanger," etc. 
 Poole, Elizabeth, mezzo-soprano vocalist, 
 born in London, April 5, 1820. Made her de67tl! 
 in opera at Drury Lane, 1834. Sang in the 
 United States, 1839. Was with the English 
 Opera Company at the Strand Theatre, 1848; 
 and, i;ntil 1870, was prominent both as a ballad 
 singer andan actress. She married a Mr. Bacon. 
 
 Poole, Fanny Kemble, bom Barnett, 
 contralto vocalist, born, 1845, in London. 
 She did not begin her public career until 
 after her marriage ; but from about 1870 until 
 1891 she sang in concerts, chiefly in oratorio, 
 
 PORTER. 
 
 in all the large towns in England, Scotland, 
 and Wales. After the death of Mr. Poole, in 
 1891, she retired from the platform, and gave 
 herself up to teaching, having a large connec- 
 tion in the neighbourhood of Surbiton. 
 
 Her sister, Alice Barnett (Mrs. Dickens), 
 sang for some years at the Savoy Theatre, 
 creating the contralto parts in many of the 
 Gilbert-Sullivan operas ; also sang in the Carl 
 Rosa, and other companies. Toured in 
 Australia, 1886. The sisters are connections 
 of the celebrated Kemble family. 
 
 Poole, Maria, sec Dickons, Mrs. 
 
 Poole, Reginald Lane=, amateur mu- 
 sician and author, was educated at Oxford, 
 where he graduated, in 1878. Lecturer on 
 modern history at Jesus College, Oxford, since 
 1886. Author of " Bach " (Great Musicians), 
 London, Low, 1882. 
 
 Pope, Henry, bass vocalist, born at 
 Bristol. Sang at the Bristol Festival of 1876, 
 in Spohr's "Pall of Babylon." Was a mem- 
 ber of the Carl Rosa Company for about ten 
 years, from 1878 ; and sang at the principal 
 London and provincial concerts. Now living", 
 in London as a teacher of singing. 
 
 Porret, or Perrot, Robert, organist and 
 composer of the 16th century. He was born 
 at Hackness, in Yorkshire, and in 1507 grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, and in 1515 
 became Mus. Doc, Oxford. He was organist 
 and instructor of the choristers in Magdalen 
 College, Oxford, 1519, and was also for a time 
 principal of Trinity Hall, Oxford. He died 
 in 1550. 
 
 Porteous, James, violinist and composer, 
 was born in tlie latter half of the 18th century. 
 He lived at Meinfoot, near Ecclefechan, Dum- 
 friesshire, and was a miller on the Hoddom 
 Estate. He died at Annan, July 17, 1847. 
 He issued a " collection of Strathspeys, Reels- 
 and Jigs ; respectfully dedicated to Lady 
 Jardine of Applegarth. Arranged for the 
 pianoforte, violin and violoncello," Edinburgh 
 [1820] ; 2nd edition, 1821, in parts. 
 
 Porteous, Richard, author of the "Band- 
 master's Atlas, displaying at one view the^ 
 scale compass and notation of every wind 
 instrument employed in military and brass- 
 bands.." London, [1854]. "Composer's 
 Musical Atlas, displaying the scale, compass, 
 etc., of every instrument employed in orches- 
 tral bands.." London, 1854. 
 
 Porter, John, organist of the 17th century. 
 Was organist at Plton College and teacher of 
 John Weldon. 
 
 Porter, Prince Walsh, amateur composer 
 and social leader. Composed a "Collection of 
 melodies, ducts and glees," London [1827]. 
 
 Porter, Richard, author of a small tract 
 entitled, "Rudiments of Music, abridged for 
 the use of Choirs," Oxford [1868], 2 editions. 
 "Rudiments of vocal music," Oxford, 1879. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 325 
 
 PORTER. 
 
 Porter, Samuel, organist and composer, 
 born at Norwich, in 1733. He studied under 
 Maurice Greene, and was organist of Canter- 
 bury Cathedral, 1757-1803. He died at Canter- 
 bury, December 11, 1810. He composed Four 
 Anthems and Two Psalm Tunes," London 
 [1800]. "Cathedral Music in Score," edited 
 by Rev. W. Jas. Porter, London [1815]. 
 Twenty-five Odes, hymn tunes, etc. in four 
 parts, London, 1800. Songs, glees, marches, 
 etc. His Service in D has been reprinted by 
 Novello. 
 
 William James Porter his son, was vicar 
 of Himbleton, and composed a " Selection of 
 15 Psalms from the new version.." London 
 [1840] ; as well as anthems, etc. Samuel 
 Porter, probably another son, who died on 
 July 14, 1823, held the position of organist of 
 Faversham Parish Church for 37 years, and 
 was a member of the King's Band for .the 
 same period. 
 
 Porter, Thomas, author of " How to 
 choose a violin," London [187l)J . 
 
 Another Thomas Porter, published about 
 1839, a '' Fantasia for the organ or pianoforte, 
 modulating twice through all the major and 
 minor keys," op. 1. 
 
 Porter, Walter, composer, was born 
 about the end of the 17tli century. Son of 
 Henry Porter, who was Mus. Bite, Oxford, 
 1600, and musician to James I. in 1603. 
 •Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 1616. 
 Master of Choristers, WesLminst.er Abbey, 
 1639, but was dismissed at tlie Rebellion. 
 He died at London, October, 1659. 
 
 Works. — Madrigales and Ayres of two, 
 thr e, foure, and five voyces . . . 1632. 
 Ayres and Madrigales for two, three, four, 
 and five voices, with a thorough-bass base for 
 the Organ or Theorbo lute in the Italian way, 
 1639. Motetts of two Voices-treble, tenor 
 and bass, with continued bass or score, to be 
 performed on an organ, harpsychor, lute, or 
 t)ass viol, 3 parts, London, 1657. Divine 
 Hymns (1664), Psalms of Mr. George 
 Sandys composed into Music for two Voyces, 
 with a Thorough-bass for tlie Organ [1670.] 
 
 Porter, Walter, organist and composer, 
 born at Boston, Lincolnshire, ^lay, 1856. 
 Entered the choir of the Parish Church when 
 •eight, and in 1868 took lessons from W. B. 
 ■Gilbert, and later became a pupil of D. J. 
 Wood. Passed examination for F.C.O Ap- 
 pointed organist and choirmaster of Bourne 
 Abbey Church, 1874 ; and to St. Mary's 
 Parish Church, Hull, 1875, a position he 
 retains. Conductor of Grimsby Philhar- 
 monic Society, 1884, and a similar society in 
 Hull, since 1885. Honorary Local Examiner 
 ior R.C.M. Scholarships. Composer of a 
 string quartet (performed at Scarborough 
 Conference of I.S.M., 1894); a setting of the 
 Office of Holy Communion, Te Deum. etc., 
 
 POULTER. 
 
 fugue, two andantes, and other organ music ; 
 a number of pieces for pf. 
 
 Postans, Mary, see Shaw, Mrs. Alfred. 
 
 Potter, John, writer and composer of 
 last century, author of " Observations on the 
 present state of music and musicians, with 
 general rules for studying Music, to which 
 is added a scheme for erecting and supporting 
 a musical academy in this kingdom," London, 
 1762. He also composed for Vauxhall Gar- 
 dens, and published a collection entitled, 
 " Collection of New Songs and Ballads sung 
 at Vauxhall Gardens," London, 1767, 1771- 
 1772, etc. 
 
 Potter, Philip Cipriani Hambly, 
 pianist and composer, born at London, 
 October 2, 1792. He studied under his father, 
 Callcott, Attwood, Crotch, and Woelfl. Debut 
 as pianist at Philharmonic Society Concert, in 
 1816. He afterwards studied at Vienna under 
 Fiirster, and while there came in contact 
 with Beethoven, 1817-18. Professor of pf. at 
 R.A.M., Loudon, 1822. Irincipal of R.A.M. 
 in succession to Crct'jh, 1832-59. He died at 
 London, September 26, 187 . 
 
 Works. — Medora e Corrado, cantata [1828] ; 
 Op. 1, Sonata for pf. [18^7]; Op. 2, Sonata 
 for pf. in D ; Op. 3, Sonata in E minor ; Op. 
 6, Grand duo for two pfs. ; Op. 7, Duet for 
 two pfs. ; Introduction and rondo, pf., four 
 hands ; Op. 11, Sextet for pf., flute, violin, 
 viola, 'cello and bass ; Op. 12, Three trios 
 for pf , violin, and 'cello, or clarinet and 
 bassoon [1835] ; Op. 13, Sonata di bravura 
 for pf. and horn or bassoon ; Op. 19, 
 Studies for the pf. in all the major 
 London [1827]; Op. 20, 
 rondo for pf. ; Op. 21, 
 brilliant for pf. ; Nine 
 Symphonies for orchestra in A, G minor, 
 etc. ; four overtures for orchestra ; Three con- 
 certos for pf. and orchestra ; Several string 
 quartets ; The Enigma, variations in the style 
 of five eminent masters, pf. [18261 ; Octave 
 lessons ; Allegro brilliant in E ; Toccattas, 
 rondos, etc., for pf. ; Canzonets and songs. 
 A musician and teacher of great influence in 
 his time, who directed the studies of a large 
 number of the best modern English musi- 
 cians. His father and grandfather were both 
 musicians. 
 
 Potter, S., musicifin and author, who was 
 in the band of the CoLlstream Guards. He 
 published " Art of playing the Fife, with 
 c imp, garrison, and street duty," n.d. ; 
 " Art of beating the Drum, with camp, garri- 
 son, and street duty," n.d. 
 
 Poulter, George Thomas, composer and 
 organist, born at London, in September, 
 18-38. Studied under J. W. Elliott, etc., and 
 himself acted as one of the teachers of 
 Hamish MacCunn (q.v.). Successively or- 
 ganist at Warperton, Warwickshire, 1854 ; 
 
 and minor keys, 
 Introduction and 
 Second Rondeau 
 
326 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 POUNDS. 
 
 Ardgowan House (Sir M. R. Shaw Stewart), 
 private, 1857 ; Town Hall, Greenock, 1861 ; 
 Mid Parish Church, 1868; and St. Paul's 
 Church, Greenock, 1886. Conductor for a 
 time of the Greenock Choral Society, etc. 
 Composer of songs; " The Bridge of Duty," 
 a cantata ; pf. music, etc. 
 
 Pounds, Charles Courtice, vocalist and 
 actor, was born in London, May 30, 1869. 
 For some years he was a treble singer in 
 church choirs, but he afterwards studied at 
 the R.A.M. Travelled in the English pro- 
 vinces with concert parties, and sang in ora- 
 torio, but was most successful in the Gilbert 
 and Sullivan operas. He sang in Australia 
 in 1895, with the Williamson and Musgrove 
 Opera Company. 
 
 Povey, Miss, soprano vocalist, was born 
 in Birmingham in 1804. She made her debut 
 on June 3, 1817. Pupil of T. Cooke and 
 Bartleman. She sang at Drury Lane, 1819 ; 
 English Opera House, etc. She was married 
 to a Mr. E. Knight. 
 
 Powell, Josiah W., town-clerk of Burs- 
 lem, Staffordshire. He and the late George 
 Howson (q.v.) were the fathers of elementary 
 vocal music in the Potteries. Half a century 
 ago there was scarcely a singer in the district 
 who could read music, and if an oratorio was 
 to be performed siiigers had to be imported 
 from Birmingham. Now, through the efforts 
 of these two men, the Potteries are vocal with 
 song. Powell translated ]\Iendelssohn's 
 " Elijah " into the Tonic Sol-fa Notation, one 
 of the first great oratorios so treated. He 
 formed the Burslem Choir, which soon achieved 
 a great reputation. His menrory will long be 
 affectionately cherished in North Staffordshire. 
 He died at Wolstanton, May 22, 1891, in his 
 72nd year. 
 
 Powell, Thomas, violinist and composer, 
 born in London in 1776. He studied the harp, 
 violin, and pf. Member of the Royal Society 
 of ]\Iusicians. He was married in 1811, and 
 resided in Dublin as a teacher. Performed a 
 violin concerto in Haymarket Theatre, Lon- 
 don. He died after 1860. Composed 15 con- 
 certos for violin and orchestra ; Three duets 
 for violin and 'cello, op. 1 ; Three duets for 2 
 'cellos, 02). 2 ; Capriccio for 'cello, op. 24 ; 
 Introduction and Fugue for organ; Three 
 grand Sonatas for pf. and violin [1825] ; Over- 
 tures for orchestra, pf. arrangements, etc. 
 
 Powell, Walter, tenor vocalist, was born 
 at Oxford in 1097. Chorister and clerk to 
 Magdalen College, Oxford. Sang in Handel's 
 oratorios. He died at Oxford, November 6, 
 1744. 
 
 Power, Lionel, composer and writer, of 
 the 15th century, was author of various works 
 on IMusical theory, of which " Lionel Power 
 of the Cordis of Musike " is contained in tlie 
 Lausdowne MS. in the British Museum. He 
 
 PRENDERGAST. 
 
 also composed some church music, which is 
 preserved in MS. at Bologna, the British 
 Museum, etc. 
 
 Prat, Daniel, clergyman of 18th century, 
 was rector of Harrixham, in Kent, and chap- 
 lain to George III. He wrote "An Ode to 
 Mr. Handel, on his playing on the organ," 
 Loudon, 1722 ; reprinted as "An Ode on the 
 late celebrated Handel, on his playing on the 
 organ," Cambridge, 1791. 
 
 Pratt, John, organist and composer, born 
 at Cambridge, 1772 [1779] ; son of Jonas 
 Pratt, music-seller. He was chorister in 
 King's College, Cambridge, and studied under 
 Dr. Randall, whom he succeeded as organist 
 of King's College, 1799. Organist of Cam- 
 bridge University, 1800; organist of St. Peter's 
 College, 1813. He died at Cambridge, March 
 9, 1855. 
 
 WoKKS. — Collection of Anthems in score, 
 selected from the works of Haiidel, Haydn, 
 IMozart, Clari, Leo, and Carissimi, with organ 
 or pianoforte accompaniment, 2 vols. [1825]. 
 Selection of Ancient and ]\lodern Psalm 
 Tunes, arranged and adapted for two trebles, 
 or tenors, and a bass, for the use of parish 
 churches [1810]. Psalmodia Cantabrigiensis; 
 a selection of ancient and modern psalm 
 tunes . . for the use of the University church, 
 1805 ; also, 1817, with an appendix of later 
 date. Four double Chants, and the Responses 
 to the Commandments, as performed at the 
 King's College, Cambridge, n.d. 
 
 Pratten, Robert Sidney, flute player 
 and composer, born at Bristol, January 23, 
 1824. Performed when a boy at concerts in 
 Bath, Bristol, etc. First flute in orchestra of 
 Theatre Royal, Dublin ; at Ro^-al Italian 
 Opera, London, 1846 ; Sacred Harmonic 
 Society ; Philharmonic Society, etc. He 
 studied for a time in Germany. He died at 
 Ramsgate, February 10, 1868." 
 
 Works. — Fantasias, arrangements, studies, 
 solos, etc. for flute, in combination with other 
 instruments. Complete Series of Exercises 
 for the Siccama Flute. Complete Series of 
 Scales and Exercises, carefully fingered for 
 Pratten's Perfected Flute, n.d. Flute Tutors 
 (one published by Boosey & Co., and another 
 by Edwin Ashdown). 
 
 His wife. Madam Sidney Prattex, is a 
 well-known guitar-player, and writer for that 
 instrument. She has issued Solos for the 
 Guitar, a series of about 2.50 original and 
 selected pieces ; Numerous Divertimentos on 
 original and selected themes ; Guitar School, 
 being complete Instructions for Modern Guitar 
 Playing in the common key ; Learning the 
 Guitar Simplified.. Also a book of Instruc- 
 tions for the Gigliera (wood and straw instru- 
 ment). 
 
 Prendergast, Arthur Hugh Dalrymple, 
 composer and conductor, born in London, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 327 
 
 PRENTICE. 
 
 June 28, 1833. Studied under James Turle. 
 Conductor of Lombard Amateur Musical 
 Society, and of the Bar Musical Society's 
 Choir. Sometime Secretary of the Bach 
 Choir. Has lectured to the College of Organ- 
 ists, etc. 
 
 WoEKS. — The Second Advent, Sacred Can- 
 tata ; Festival Te Deum, Church Choir 
 Association prize, 1882 ; Communion Service 
 in C ; Cantata and Deus in F, etc. A nthems : 
 O Lord our Governour ; Show me Thy ways 
 (male voices) ; God, thou hast cast us out. 
 Hymn tunes. IMusic to The Maske of Flowers 
 (with Birch Reynardson), performed at Gray's 
 Inn Hall, July, 1887, in celebration of the 
 Queen's Jubilee. Madrigal, When as she 
 smiles. Madrigal Society's prize and medal, 
 1889 ; Sweet western wind ; Sunshine ; Hark ! 
 how the cheerful birds, Madrigal Society's 
 prize, 1880, and other part-songs. For men's 
 voices: When for the world's repose; mistress 
 mine, madrigal ; Song of the Silent Land ; 
 Imbuta ; The Robin ; The Pixies' welcome, 
 madrigal; In this fair vale, etc, Songs: A 
 birdie's life ; A shady nook ; Sleep, wake, live; 
 and others. 
 
 Prentice, Thomas Ridley, pianist and 
 composer, born at Paslow Hall, Ongar, Essex, 
 July 6, 1842. Studied at R.A.M. under G. 
 A. and Walter Macfarren. Potter Exhibitioner, 
 1863, and elected Associate on leaving. In 
 1869 he began a series of Monthly Popular 
 Concerts at Brixton, which he carried on for 
 some years ; also gave occasional concerts at 
 the Hanover Square Rooms, St. George's 
 Hall, and played at the Crystal Palace. In 
 1872 he was appointed organist of Christ 
 Church, Lee, but this, as well as concert work, 
 ill-health compelled him to resign. He gave 
 a set of twelve " Twopennv Concerts" in 
 Kensington Town Hall, 1880-1. In 1880 he 
 was appointed a professor at the Guildhall 
 School of Music, and was Principal of the 
 Beckenham School of Music, established in 
 1883. As a teacher he was most successful 
 and esteemed. He died at Hampstead, July 
 15, 1895. 
 
 Works. — Linda, cantata, ladies' voices ; 
 The ]\Iermaid's Invitation, and other trios for 
 the same. Christmas ; Ye little birds, part- 
 songs. Break forth into joy; I love the Lord, 
 anthems. The God of love my Shepherd is ; 
 Evensong ; Echoes, and other songs. Gavottes; 
 Elegie ; Reverie ; By the sea ; Sunday musings, 
 etc., for the pf. Editor of Six Cantatas by 
 Carissimi. Author of The Musician, a guide 
 for piairoforte students, in 6 grades, London, 
 Sonnenschein, 1883-6. Hand Gymnastics, 
 Novello's Primers, No. 36. 
 
 Prescott, Mrs. Cyril A., see Lowthian, 
 Caroline. 
 
 Prescott, Oliveria Louisa, composer 
 and writer, born in London, September 3, 
 
 PRESTON. 
 
 1842. Studied under Lindsay Sloper, and 
 then for seven years at R.A.M. , under (Sir) 
 G. A. Macfarren, Jewson, Folkes, and Ralph. 
 A. R.A.M. Teacher of harmony at the Church 
 of England High School for Girls, Upper 
 Baker Street, London, 1879-93, and lecturer 
 in harniony and composition, for about the 
 same period, to the correspondence system in 
 connection with Newnham College, Cam- 
 bridge. Sometime musical amanuensis to 
 Professor Sir G. A. ]\Iacfarren. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 13, for soprano solo, chorus 
 and orchestra ; Psalm 126, for voices alone 
 (sung in St. Paul's Cathedral.) Our conver- 
 sation is in heaven; The righteous live for 
 evermore, anthems. Lord Ullin's Daughter, 
 chorus and orchestra. Ballad of Young John ; 
 Douglas Raid ; Cryer ; Border ballad ; and 
 other part-songs. The Fisherwife ; Queen of 
 my heart ; songs. Orchestral : Two Syn\- 
 phonies, in B flat, and D minor ; Overture 
 (R.A.M., 1876); Concert Finale, D minor; 
 Concert piece. Bright October ; Concert over- 
 tures : Tithonus ; Golden Supper ; CEdipus 
 and Antigone ; Woodland. Concerto in A, 
 pf . and orchestra. Hero watching for Leander; 
 Love and laughter ; for soprano solo and 
 orchastra. Bohemian song, for 4 voices and 
 strings. Quartets in A minor and C minor, 
 strings ; in G, pf. and strings, etc. Aiithor of 
 Form or Design in Music: Part I., Instru- 
 mental; Part II., Vocal, London, 1882. 
 Enlarged edition, prepared with the assistance 
 of Professor Macfarren, 1894. Contributions 
 to Musical World, etc. Six Lectures about 
 Music, and what it is made of. Church of 
 England High School, Baker Street, 1893. 
 
 Preston, James M., organist and con- 
 ductor, born at Gateshead-on-Tyne, July 14, 
 1860. At an early age he studied violin and 
 pf. under his father, Stephen E. Preston, a 
 musician of repute, and when thirteen was 
 placed under Lindsay Sloper, in London. Iq 
 1875, he was appointed organist of St. Joseph's 
 Roman Catholic Church, Gateshead, where 
 he remained six years, diligently working at 
 the organ. Entered the Guildhall School of 
 Music in 1881. and studied under Dr. Stainer. 
 In 1883, succeeded the late Mr. Robert Potts, 
 as organist of St. Thomas', Newcastle-on- 
 Tyne, and in 1888 was appointed to St. 
 George's, Jesmoud, a post he still holds. In 
 1891 he began to give organ recitals there, on 
 Sunday evenings ; he has also played at St. 
 George's Hall, Liverpool, and elsewhere, and 
 ranks among the foremost organists of the 
 day. He is also a pianist, and has been 
 connected with the Newcastle Chamber Music 
 Society for years. He is conductor of the 
 Newcastle and Gateshead Choral Union, 
 which has more than a local reputation, and 
 has given many important concerts. Of his 
 compositions, but few are yet published. A 
 
328 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 PRICE. 
 
 Festival Chorus was performed in Newcastle 
 Town Hall, October, 1895. 
 
 Price, Daniel, baritone vocalist, born at 
 Dowlais, Glamorgan, 1863. Was one of the 
 first fifty scholars of the R.C.jM when it 
 opened in 1883. Studied singing under Albert 
 Visetti; Counterpoint, under Dr. J. P. Bridge; 
 and composition with Dr. Stanford. Dis- 
 tinguished himself, especially in the operatic 
 performances given by the students. A.R.C.M., 
 1888, and in the same year appointed a meixi- 
 ber of the choir, Westminster Abbey. Is a 
 professor of singing at R.C.]\I., and has 
 appeared with success at concerts in London, 
 Birmingham, and other places ; and on the 
 occasion of the Jubilee celebrations in 1887, 
 had the honour of singing before Her Majesty 
 the Queen, at Windsor. While at the R.C.M. 
 he composed some pf. jDieces, which were 
 performed at the College concerts. 
 
 Price, Tom, composer, born at Rhymney, 
 Monmouthshire, in 1857. Worked as a boy 
 in the coal mines. Self-taught in music, and 
 learned much by joining different Welsh 
 choirs. Won a prize offered by Wrexham 
 Festival Committee, 1886, for a part-song, 
 *' Hands all round " (Tennyson) ; other prizes 
 in America, etc. He has composed a dramatic 
 cantata, anthems, part-song, songs, etc. 
 
 Pridham, John, pianist and composer, 
 born at Popsham, Devon, October 1, 1818. 
 He studied at the R.A.M., and when still a 
 young man, played frequently before the 
 Queen and Prince Consort. He died at 
 Taunton, in August, 1896. He wrote a 
 " Method for the Piano," London, Brewer," 
 n.d. ; and issued an iiximense number of easy 
 pieces for the pf. Composer also of a fevi^ 
 songs and duets. 
 
 Pring, Jacob Cubitt, organist and com- 
 poser, was born at Lewisham, near London, 
 in 1771. Organist of St. Botolph, Aldgate, 
 London. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1797. He died 
 in 1799. 
 
 Works. — First book of Glees, Canons, etc. 
 [1790] ; Eight Glees, Catches, etc., London 
 [c. 1795] ; Eight anthems, as performed in St. 
 Paul's Cathedral, London [1792] ; ]\Iagnificat, 
 in two parts ; Dying Christian to his soul, 
 ode [1794] . Easy progressive lessons, with 
 the fingering marked for young beginners 
 on the pf. or harj)sichord, London [1800]. 
 Six progressive sonatinas for the harpsichord 
 or pf. Songs, sonnets, etc. 
 
 Pring, Joseph, organist and composer, 
 brother of above, born at Kensington. London, 
 January 15, 1776. Organist of Bangor Cathe- 
 dral, 1793. Mus. Bac. and Doc, Oxon., 
 1808. He died at Bangor, February 13, 1812. 
 
 Works. — Twenty Anthems, in score, for 1, 
 2, 3, 4, and 5 voices, London, 1805. J\Iag- 
 nificats, and other church music. 
 
 Pring, Isaac, organist and composer, 
 
 PRINGLE. 
 
 brother of above, born at Kensington, Lon- 
 don, in 1777. Assistant to Dr. Philip Hayes, 
 at New College, 0.x;ford, and his successor in 
 1797. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1799. He died at 
 Oxford, October 18, 1799. Composer of 
 chants, anthems, etc. 
 
 Pringle, George Robert Grant, organist 
 and conductor, born in London, May 26, 
 1833. Chorister, St. Paul's Cathedral, 1841-51, 
 and pupil of John Goss and George Cooper, 
 Went to Victoria. Australia, in 1858. Ap- 
 pointed organist and conductor of ilelbourne 
 Philharmonic Society. Founded and con- 
 ducted the ^lusical Union, which brought 
 forward many promising singers, and pro- 
 duced, for the first time in Australia, ]NIen- 
 delssohn's Psalm 42 ; Spohr's " God, Thou art 
 Great " ; Leslie's " Judith," and other works. 
 As organist of St. Peter's, Melbourne, Pringle, 
 in 1863, trained and introduced the first 
 surpliced choir in the colonies. He died, 
 January, 1873, when on a visit to Leipzig. 
 
 Pringle, Godfrey, composer, of Scotch 
 descent on his father's side, his mother being 
 Hungarian, was born November 30, 1867, 
 while his parents were travelling on the Con- 
 tinent. ]\Iuch of his early life was passed in 
 Italy, and in 1882 he was at Bayreuth when 
 "Parsifal" was produced, and had the hap- 
 jjiness of personal acquaintance with Wagner. 
 The influence of that time decided him to 
 make music his profession, and he studied at 
 the R.C.M. under Villiers Stanford, producing 
 part of an Italian opera, " Messaliua," in 
 1890, which he finished after leaving the 
 Co lege in 1891. His orchestral ballad, 
 " Durand " (based on Uhland), was produced 
 at the Crystal Palace, October 14, 1893 ; and 
 a rhapsody, " Lo Zingaro," for baritone solo 
 and orchestra, November 10, 1894. He has 
 also written an orchestral suite, "Bella 
 Milano," and is engaged on an English opera. 
 His other works include a Romance, for 
 violin and orchestra ; Fantasia, 'cello and 
 pf. ; pieces for pf., songs, etc. 
 
 Pringle, John, musician, resided in 
 Edinburgh at the end of last and beginning 
 of present century. Published " A Collection 
 of Keels, Strathspeys, and Jigs, with a Bass 
 for the Violoncello or Pianoforte," Edin- 
 burgh, n.d. 
 
 Pringle, Lempriere, bass vocalist, born 
 at Hobart, Tasmania, 1SG9. At the age of 
 18 he came to England, and was admitted a 
 student at the R.C.M. He sang in the 
 operatic performance given in July, 1889, 
 and later in that year went to Frankfort and 
 studied singing under Stockhausen, and har- 
 mony and counterpoint under Humperdinck. 
 Returning to England in 1891, he was en- 
 gaged by the directors of the Carl Rosa 
 Company, and made his first appearance in 
 the following autumn tour. His success was 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 329 
 
 PRINGUER. 
 
 such that on the death of Aynsley Cook, in 
 Febr-uary, 189-4, he was called upon to under- 
 take the most important parts filled by that 
 artist. His repertory is large, and embraces 
 such widely different assumptions as that of 
 Ofts/)rtr in " Der Frieschutz " and the Land- 
 grave in " Tannhauser." Mr. Pringle is 
 understood to be a clever composer, but he 
 has not yet jDublished anything. 
 
 Pringuer, Henry Thomas, composer 
 and conductor, of present time. Privately 
 educated in music, F.R.C.O., 1876 ; Mus. 
 Bac, 1877; Mus. Doc, 1885, Oxford. Or- 
 ganist of St. Matthew's, Redhill, 1870; St. 
 Mary's, Stoke Newington, 1881. Conductor 
 of Insurance Musical Society ; and of Trinity 
 College Choir, London. Has given organ 
 recitals at the Bow and Bromley Institute, 
 1884, etc. Composer of Psalm 107 and Psalm 
 48, for soli, chorus, and orchestra; a comedy 
 opera, "Guinevere," 1890; pf. pieces, songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Pritchard, Rev. Rowland Hugh, mu- 
 sician and minister, was born at Bala, about 
 1813. He was a minister, and acted as pre- 
 centor at the annual Sasiwns y Bala. Died 
 at Holywell, January 25, 1887, aged 74. 
 Composer of Welsh hymn tunes, " Hyfrydol," 
 " Elizabeth," " Hiraeth y Cristion," etc. 
 
 Pritchard, Thomas, surnamed Twm- 
 Bach, celebrated Welsh harper of the time 
 of Queen Elizabeth. He died at London in 
 1597, and is buried in St. Sepulchre's Church. 
 
 Probin. The name of a notable Birming- 
 ham family of horn players. Moses Probin, 
 born about 1782, was the first to acquire a 
 reputation, though his father was a horn 
 player before him. He took part in all the 
 principal concerts in the Midlands, from 
 Shrewsbury to Cheltenham, and was a virtuoso 
 on the hand horn. With two of his sons he 
 would, commencing at five in the morning, 
 diligently practice trios for horns. He was a 
 man of devout mind, and regular in attendance 
 at church. On one occasion his rector, with 
 whom he was very intimate, expressed a wish 
 that he would give up horn-playing and earn 
 an lionest living. He died August 8, 1857, in 
 his 75th year. His son, Henry Probin, was 
 born June 10, 1812. He became famous as a 
 horn player, and to the last used the old hand 
 horn, as he could never reconcile himself to 
 the valve horn. He played in the Birmingham 
 festival orchestra for a long time, including 
 the " Elijah " year, 1846. He was the inti- 
 mate friend and companion of Alfred Mellon, 
 and during his conductorship played in the 
 Theatre Royal band. He retired from the 
 profession in 1879, and died June 30, 1885. 
 His brother Samuel was also a horn player, 
 hut in no way remarkable. Alfred Probin, 
 son of Henry, was born April 29, 1852, and at 
 the age of eight began his study of the instru- 
 
 PROUT. 
 
 ment. Mr. Stockley gave him his first 
 oi^portunity, and when sixteen he was first 
 horn in an opera company. His first festival 
 engagement was at Nottingham in 1873, under 
 Costa. He was first horn at the revived 
 Chester Festival, 1879, and since then has 
 been in the orchestras of the Three Choirs, 
 and Birmingham Festivals, arid the principal 
 concerts in the country. As a solo player he 
 has been heard in chamber concerts in Bir- 
 mingham, and he played ]Mozart's Third 
 Concerto for horn at Leicester, February, 
 1887. A young son is preparing to continue 
 the artistic career of the family. 
 
 Proudman, Joseph, conductor and 
 teacher of singing, born in London, November 
 10, 1888. He sang in choirs as a boy ; was a 
 member of the Sacred Harmonic Society in 
 1857 ; Conductor of the City Choral Union, 
 1862, and a year later applied himself to the 
 Tonic Sol-fa method. He conducted concerts 
 at the Crystal Palace from 1864, and won a 
 prize at Paris in 1867. Some thousands of 
 singers passed under his hands. For years 
 he had acted as precentor at several churches, 
 and he was teacher of singing to the children 
 in Dr. Barnardo's Homes for more than twenty 
 years, and was an indefatigable worker in the 
 cause of popular music. He published IMusi- 
 cal Lectures and Sketches, 1869; and Musical 
 Jottings, 1872; and was a specialist on the 
 staff of the Musical Herald. He died in 
 London, April 21, 1891. J. Frank Proudman, 
 his son, conductor, and sometime organist of 
 St. IMichael's, Stoke Newington, took up the 
 work of his father in 1891, and made a repu- 
 tation as a conductor and teacher. Delicate 
 health decided him to leave England for 
 South Africa, and in February, 1897, he sailed 
 for the Cape, having obtained an appointment 
 at Maritzburg. 
 
 Prout, Ebenezer, composer and didactic 
 writer, born at Oundle, Northamptonshire, 
 March 1, 1835. The son of a Congregational 
 Minister, he was intended for another pro- 
 fession thanmusic ; and after leaving Denmark 
 Hill Grammar School he was engaged as a 
 teacher in private schools in London, and 
 Leatherhead, and when nineteen graduated 
 B.A., London University. ]\Iusical from 
 childhood, he had a few pianoforte lessons 
 when a boy, and afterwards a course from 
 Charles Salaman ; for the rest he is self-edu- 
 cated. It was in 1859 that he gave himself 
 up entirely to music, and his first pupil was 
 John Locke Gray {q.v-)- After acting as 
 organist at St. Thomas's Square Chapel, 
 Hackney, and other places, he accepted the 
 appointment at Union Chapel, Islington, 
 which he held for 12 years, 1861-73. During 
 the Royal Wedding Musical Fetes at the 
 Crystal Palace, March, 1863, he on one occa- 
 sion gave an organ performance in lieu of 
 
330 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY, 
 
 PROUT. 
 
 James Coward. In 1861 he was appointed a 
 professor of the pf. at the Crystal Palace 
 School of Art, resigning in 1885 ; professor of 
 harmony and composition at the National 
 Training School for Music from its opening 
 in 1876 ; succeeded to Sir Arthur Sullivan's 
 class at R. A.M., 1879; and in 1881 professor 
 of pf. at Guildhall School of Music. Conduc- 
 tor of Hackney Choral Association, 1876-90, 
 during which time a high reputation was 
 gained by the Society, and many important 
 works produced, some for the first time in 
 England. As a composer he was brought into 
 notice by gaining the first prize of the Society 
 of British IMusicians in 1862, and again in 
 1865 ; and the performance of his first Organ 
 Concerto by (Sir) John Stainer at the Crystal 
 Palace, 1872, increased his reputation. His 
 literary career has been equally striking. He 
 was editor of the A/ontliiy Musical Record, 
 1871-4 ; musical critic of the Academy, 1874-9 ; 
 and of the AthencBum, 1879-89. On retiring 
 from the last, he devoted himself to writing 
 those educational works which will rank 
 among the most masterly and comprehensive 
 examples English musical literature can boast 
 of. He has lectured in London and the 
 provinces; contributed valuable papers to the 
 Musical Association, the Conferences of the 
 Incorporated Society of Musicians, Grove's 
 Dictionary of Music, Monthly Musical Record, 
 etc. ; and has conducted performances of his 
 works at the Crystal Palace, Birmingham and 
 Bristol Festivals, and elsewhere. In 1894 he 
 was elected Professor of Music in Dublin 
 University, the degree of Mus. Doc, lionoris 
 causa, being conferred upon him at the 
 beginning of 1895, and later in the same year 
 he was honoured by being the first to receive 
 the degree of Mus. Doc. from the University 
 of Edinbui'gh. 
 
 Works. — Choral : Magnificat in C, op. 7, 
 for soli, chorus, and orchestra, composed 1873, 
 produced. Crystal Palace, January 15, 1876 ; 
 Chorus, Hail to the Chief, op. 10, composed 
 for re-opening of Alexandra Pabice, 1877 ; 
 Cantata, Hereward, op. 12, Hackney Choral 
 Association, 1878 ; Cantata, Alfred, op. 16, 
 the same. May 1, 1882 ; Ode, Freedom, op. 20, 
 the same, April 20, 1885 ; Psalm 100, op. 2.3, 
 for soprano solo, chorus, and orchestra, 1886; 
 Red Cross Knight, Cantata, op. 24, composed 
 for 'he Jubilee of the Huddersfield Choral 
 Society, jsroduced October 7, 1887 ; Damon 
 and Phintias (male voices), op. 25, Oxford, 
 May 31, 1889; Queen Aimee (female voices), 
 op. 21, 1885 ; Psalm 126, for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra, St. Paul's Cathedral, May 28. 1891 ; 
 Church services and anthems, We give Thee 
 thanks (8 voices), and others. Sccna, con- 
 tralto voice and orchestra, Norwich, 1887. 
 Orchestral : Symphony No. 1, in C, Crystal 
 Palace, February 28, 1874 ; No. 2, in G minor, 
 
 PURCELL. 
 
 the same, December, 1877 ; No. 3, in F, op. 
 23, Birmingliam Festival, 1885 ; No. 4, in D, 
 Oxford, June, 1886; Minuet and Trio, St. 
 James's Hall, March 5, 1878. Overtures : 
 Twelfth Night, Bristol, February 14, 1881 ; 
 Rokeby, Crystal Palace, March 23, 1889 ;. 
 Suite de Ballet, op. 28, 1891. Organ Concerto 
 in E minor, Crystal Palace (Stainer), October 
 19, 1872 ; in E fiat, Bristol (Riseley), April 6, 
 1885. Quartets: Op. 1, strings (prize), 1862;. 
 Op. 3, pf. and strings (prize), 1865 ; Op. 15, in 
 B flat, strings; Op. 18, in F, pf. and strings. 
 Q lintet, Op. 3, pf. and strings. Sonata in 
 D, op. 26, pf. and clarinet ; Sonata, op. 4,. 
 organ ; Duo Concertante, op. 6, pf. and har- 
 monium. Organ arrangements, 44 Nos. 
 Pf. iDieces. Editor, with J. Curwen, of the 
 Harmonium and Organ Book. Author of a 
 primer on Instrumentation, Novello, 1876 ; 
 Harmony, its Theoi-y and Practice (with key, 
 additional exercises and key) nine editions to 
 1896 ; Counterpoint, Strict and Free (with 
 additional exercises), 5 editions ; Double 
 CounterjDoint and Canon, 2 editions; Fugue, 
 3 editions ; Fugal Analysis, 2 editions ; 
 Musical Form, 2 editions ; and Applied 
 Forms, 2 editions, all published by Augener. 
 It is understood that Professor Prout has two 
 comic operas in MS. His son, Louis Beet- 
 hoven Prout, born in London, September 
 14, 1864, is a pianist and teacher. In 1888 
 he was appointed professor of harmony at the 
 Crystal Palace School. He has set Psalm 9.3' 
 for voices and organ, and is author of a work 
 on Harmonic Analysis, London, Augener, 
 and a pamphlet. Time, Rhythm, and Expres- 
 sion, London, Cocks. 
 
 Prys, Edmund, clergyman and musician, 
 who was born in 1541. He was educated at 
 Cambridge and became rector of Festiuiog in 
 1572, and canon of St. Asaph's in 1602. He 
 died in 1624. Editor of " Llyfr y Psalmau 
 Wc'di eu cyfiethu, ai cyfansodi ar fesur cerdd 
 yn gymraeg," 16 1, a collection of psalms in 
 Welsh. 
 
 Pullen, H. W., author of "Our Choral 
 Services," London, 1805; and "The real work 
 of a Cathedral." London, 1869. 
 
 Purcell, Daniel, organist and composer, 
 born in London, 1600. Younger son of 
 Henry Purcell, the elder. He was the or- 
 ganist of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1688-96. 
 Settled in London, 1695. Composer for 
 various theatres. Organist of St. Andrew's 
 Church, Holborn, 1713-17. He died at 
 London, December 12, 17 8. 
 
 Works. — Music to Dramas : Love's Last 
 Shift (Gibber), 1096; Indian Queen, 1696; 
 Brutus of Alba, or Augusta's Triumph, 1697 ;. 
 Cynthia and Endymion (D'Urfey), 1697 ;. 
 Phaeton, or, the Fatal Divorce, 1698; The 
 Island Princess (Motteaux), with Clark and 
 Leveridge, 1699 ; The Grove, or Love's 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 331 
 
 PURCELL. 
 
 Paradise, 1700 ; The Unhappy PeDitcut, 1701 ; 
 The Inconstant (Farquhar),1702 ; The Judge- 
 ment of Paris, a Pastoral (Congreve). [This 
 masque gained the third prize in competition 
 with Weldon, Eccles, etc.], 1700. Odes, 
 numerous ; iucluding several for " St. Cecilia's 
 Day," by Addison and others ; Songs in con- 
 temporary collections ; the Psalms, set full 
 for the organ or harpsichord, as they are plaid 
 in churches and chappels in the mauer given 
 out ; as also with their interludes in great 
 variety, London, n.d. ; Instrumental music, 
 church music, etc. 
 
 Purcell, Edward, organist, youngest son 
 of Henry Purcell, the younger, was born at 
 London, in 1689. Organist of St. Clement, 
 Eastcheap, London ; and of St. Margaret's, 
 Westminster, 172G, He died at London, in 
 1740. 
 
 Purcell, Henry, the elder, musician, 
 father of the celebrated Henry Purcell of 
 musical history, was born in the first half of 
 the 17th century. He was a Gentleman of 
 the Chapel Royal, in 1660, and Master of 
 the Choristers in Westminster Abbey. Mem- 
 ber of Royal Band of Music, 1663. He died 
 at London, August 11, 1664. Composed a 
 three-part song in Playford's ilusical Com- 
 panion, 16G7, etc. 
 
 Purcell, Henry, organist and composer, 
 was born in St. Ann's Lane, Old Pye Street, 
 Westminster, London, in 1658. Second son 
 of Henry Pdrcell, the elder. He studied as a 
 chorister in the Chapel Royal, under Cooke 
 and HumiDhrey, 16G4, and under Blow. 
 Copyist in Westminster Abbey, 1676-78; Or- 
 ganist of Westminster Abbey, 1680. Organist 
 of Chapel Royal, 1682. Composer in Ordinary 
 to the King, 1683. He died at Westminster, 
 London, November 21, 1695, and is buried in 
 Westminster Abbey. In 1895 various com- 
 memorative concerts, etc., were given in 
 London on the centenary of his death. 
 
 Works. — Dramatic music : Epsom Wells 
 (Shadwell), 1676 ; Aurenge-Zebe (Dryden), 
 1676; The Libertine (Shadwell), 1676; Abde- 
 lazor (Behn), 1677 ; Timon of Athens (Shaks- 
 pere), 1678; The virtuous wife (D'Urfey), 
 1680; Theodosius (Lee), 1680; Dido and 
 .^neas (Tate), 1680 [published by the Musical 
 Antiquarian Society, 1840]; Circe, 1685; 
 Tyrannic love (Dryden), 1686; A fool's prefer- 
 ment (D'Urfey), 1688; The Tempest (Shaks- 
 pere), 1690; Dioclesian, 1690; Massacre of 
 Paris (Lee), 1690; Amphitryon, 1690; Di.-,- 
 tressed innocence (Settle), 1691 ; King Arthur 
 (Dryden), 1691 [published by the Musical An- 
 tiquarian Society, 184.3] ; The Gordian knot 
 untyed, 1691 ; Sir Anthony Low (Southerne), 
 1691 ; The fairy queen (Shakspere's I\Iid- 
 summer Night's Dream), 1692; The wife's 
 excuse (Southerne), 1692; The Indian queen 
 (Dryden), 1692 ; The Indian Emperour (Dry- 
 
 PURCELL. 
 
 den), 1692; CEdipus, 1692; Cleomenes, 1692 ; 
 The marriage-hater match'd (D'Urfey), 1692; 
 The old bachelor (Congreve), 1693 ; The Rich- 
 mond heiress (D'Urfey), 1693 ; The maid's 
 last prayer (Southerne), 1693 ; Henry the 
 Second (Bancroft), 1693 : Don Quixote (D'Ur- 
 fey), 1694-95 ; The married beau (Crowne), 
 1694; The Double dealer (Congreve), 1694; 
 The fatal marriage (Southerne), 1694; Love 
 triumphant (Dryden), 1694 ; The Canterbury 
 guests (Ravenscroft), 1695 ; The mock mar- 
 riage (Scott), 1695 ; The rival sisters (Gould), 
 1695; Oroonoko (Southerne), 1695; The 
 knight of Malta (Beaumont and Fletcher), 
 1695 ; Bonduca (Beaumont and Fletcher), 
 1695. Odes and large Vocal Works : Elegy on 
 death of Matthew Locke, 1677 ; A Welcome 
 Song for His Royal Highness' return from 
 Scotland, 1680 ; A song to welcome His 
 INIajesty home from Windsor, 1680 ; Swifter, 
 Isis, swifter flow (ode), 1681 ; Ode for the 
 King on his return from Newmarket, 1682 ; 
 Three odesfor St. Cecilia's Day, 1683; From 
 Hardy climes and dangerous toils of War, 
 ode on marriage of Prince George of Den- 
 mark with Princess Anne, 1683 ; Welcome to 
 all the Pleasures, ode, published, 1684 ; Why 
 are all the ]Muses mute ? ode for James I. ; 
 Ye tuneful Muses, ode, 1686 ; Sound the 
 trumpet, beat the drum, ode, 1687 ; Celestial 
 Music, 1689 ; The Yorkshire feast song, D'Ur- 
 fery, 1689 [reprinted by the Purcell Society, 
 edited by \V. H. Cummings, 1878]; Arise, 
 my Muse, ode for the Queen's birthday, 1689 ; 
 Sound the trumpet, ode, 1689 ; Welcome, 
 glorious morn. Birthday ode, 1691 ; Love's 
 Goddess sure was blind, ode, 1692; Hail! 
 great Cecilia, ode, 1692 ; Celebrate this festival, 
 1693; Come, come, ye sons of art, ode, 1694; 
 Who can from joy refrain, ode, 1695. Church 
 Music : Purcell's Sacred Music, edited by 
 Vincent Novello, London, 6 vols. [1829-32], 
 contains most of the master's church music, 
 with portrait and biography, including the 
 Te Deum and Jubilate in D (1694). Other 
 collections in which his church music will be 
 found are Boyce's ; Tudway's ; Smith's Har- 
 monica Sacra ; Page's Harmonia Sacra ; and 
 in neatly every other important general 
 selection. The names of the anthems in cur- 
 rent use in our churches and cathedrals will 
 be found in Novello's catalogue of sacred 
 niusic. Instrumental music : Three sonatas, 
 for two violins, violoncello, and basso-con- 
 tinuo, London, 4 vols., 1683. Lessons for 
 the harpsichord or spinnet, London, 1696. 
 Ten sonatas, in four parts, 1st and 2nd violins, 
 bassus and organ, London, 4 vols., 1697. 
 Collection of Ayres compos'd for the Theatre, 
 and on other occasions, London, 1697. Or- 
 pheus Britannicus : a collection of the choicest 
 songs, for 1, 2, and 3 voices, with such 
 Symphonies for violins or flutes as were by 
 
332 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 PURCELL. 
 
 him designed for any of them, and a thorough- 
 bass to each song figured for tlie organ, harp- 
 sichord, or theorbo-lute, .book I., London, 
 16'J8, with portrait engraved by Wliite. Book 
 II., 1702; second edition (enlarged), 2 vols., 
 170G-1711, third edition, 1721. The Catch 
 Club, or Merry Companion. By Purcell, 
 Blow, etc., 2 books, n.d. "The art of Des- 
 cant," contributed to the 10th edition of 
 Playford's "Introduction to the skill of 
 ]\Iusick," 1683. SelectionsfroniPurcelVs works: 
 The beauties of Purcell : a selection of the 
 favourite songs, duets, trios and choruses from 
 his different works, arranged with pf. accom- 
 paniments by Dr. John Clarke, 2 vols., n.d. 
 Beauties of Purcell. .edited by Joseph Corfe, 
 n.d. The words of Henry Purcell's Vocal 
 Music, n.d. (privately printed). A selection 
 of his Harpsichord pieces has been edited by 
 Herr Ernst Pauer (Augener, London). 
 
 Purcell, Thomas, composer, uncle of 
 preceding, was born in the first half of the 
 17th century. He was a gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal in 1660, and Lay-vicar and 
 copyist, Westminster Abbey, 1661. Composer 
 in ordinary to the King, with Humphrey, in 
 1662 ; and master of the royal band of music 
 (also with Humphrey), 1072. He died at Lon- 
 don, July 81, 1682. He composed some chants, 
 some of which are now in common use. 
 
 Purchas, Arthur Quyon, musician and 
 composer, author of " First Lessons for 
 Singing Classes," London, 1849. Compiler 
 of " The New Zealand Hymnal . . . with 
 tunes," London, 1871. 
 
 Purday, Charles Henry, composer and 
 writer, born at Folkestone, January 11, 1799. 
 He was a publisher of music in London, and 
 lecturer on musical topics in Loudon and the 
 English provinces, and at one time a vocalist 
 of some repute. Chiefly celebrated as a re- 
 former of the laws relating to musical coj^y- 
 right. He acted for some years as conductor 
 of Psalmody to the Scotch Church, in Crown 
 Court, Covent Garden, London. He died at 
 Loudon, April 23, 1885. 
 
 Works. — Tlie Sacred Musical Offering, Lon- 
 don, 1833. Copyright, a sketch of its rise and 
 l^rogress . . . , Lond 'U, 1877 ; Crown Court 
 Psalmody, one hundred Psalm tunes and 
 chants . . . , 1854 ; Church and Home Tune 
 Book . . . , London [1857]. Songs of Peace 
 and Joy, 1879 (F. R. Havergal). Writer and 
 composer of a considerable number of songs — 
 Down among the barley, Home of my fathers. 
 Maid of Llanwellyn, Old Yew tree, Real ould 
 Irish Gintleman, etc. Joint editor with John 
 Thomas of a large volume of Welsh aiis. 
 Trios for female voices; two volumes of chil- 
 dren's songs, etc. He composed "Sandon," 
 " Netting Hill," and other well-known hymns; 
 Elementary exercises in the art of Singing, 
 London [1851]. 
 
 PYNE. 
 
 Purdie, Robert, Scots musician, who 
 flourished in Edinburgh as a music-seller 
 early in the present century. He issued " A 
 Complete Repository of Strathspeys, reels, 
 jigs, f.ivourite airs and waltzes for the flute 
 or violin," Edinburgh, n.d. The firm existed 
 in Edinburgh till about 1887. 
 
 Purkis, John, organist and composer, 
 born, London, 1781; died there in 1849. 
 When twelve months old he became blind. 
 He was a performer on the apoUonicon and 
 an organist. He composed some organ music. 
 Fantasias for pf. on popular airs, marches, 
 etc. Songs: Magpie and the maid. Pale the 
 moonbeam shone. The Reprieve, Song for 
 British Volunteers [1805]. 
 
 Pye, Kellow John, pianist and composer, 
 born at Exeter, February 9, 1812. Entered 
 R.A.M. 1823, receving from Cipriani Potter 
 the first pianoforte lesson given there. Stu- 
 died composition under Dr. Crotch. Won 
 the Gresham Prize, 1832, with his anthem 
 for five voices, "Turn Thee again, Lord." 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1842; elected 
 F. R.A.M. Resided in Exeter after leaving 
 the R.A.M. in 1829; but later entered into 
 business in London, where he also connected 
 himself with the management of the R.A.jNL, 
 and other institutions. He is now living in 
 retirement at Exmouth, His compositions 
 include a five-part anthem (Degree Exercise), 
 Lord, Thou art my God ; Three Short Full 
 Anthems ; Children of Fancy, and other 
 glees, songs, and jjf. pieces. His latest pub- 
 lications were a Melody and Farewell, for 
 clarinet and pf., 1889. 
 
 Pyne, James Kendrick, organist and 
 composer, born in London, August 21, 1810. 
 His father, James Kendrick Pyne — born, 
 1785 ; died, 1857 — was a noted tenor singer 
 in his day. Pyne was one of the early juipils 
 of the Royal Academy of Music, studying 
 under Dr. Crotch. In 1828 he was appointed 
 organist of St. Mark's, Clerkenwell ; and in 
 1839 was chosen organist of Bath Abbey, an 
 office he held for half-a-century. He was 
 awarded the Gresham Prize in 1840, and his 
 compositions included Church Services, an- 
 thems, part-songs, etc. In February, 1890, he 
 was publicly presented with testimonials from 
 his professional friends, and from the Abbey 
 congregation and citizens of Bath, in com- 
 memoration of his Jubilee as organist. He 
 died while on a visit to his son, J. K. Pyne 
 (notice below), March 2, 1898. His sister, 
 Louisa Aubert Pyne (Mrs. Willmore), was 
 organist at St John's District Church, in the 
 parisli of St. Pancras, circa 1857. She com- 
 posed songs and pf. pieces. 
 
 Pyne, James Kendrick, organist and 
 composer, son of the preceding, born at Bath, 
 Ferbuary 5, 18 2. Studied under his father 
 and Dr. S. S. Wesley. Was organist of .\11 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 333 
 
 PYNE. 
 
 Saints', Bath, when eleven ; and assistant to 
 Dr. Wesley at Winchester and Gloucester 
 Cathedrals. After holding appointments at 
 Cheltenham and other places, he was made 
 organist of Chichester Cathedral, in 1874 ; 
 and in 1875, he went to America, where 
 he remained about a year. He was then 
 appointed to Manchester Cathedral, and 
 later, organist of the Town Hall. Professor 
 of Manchester Royal College of Music, 189.3. 
 F.R.A M. He has given recitals in all parts 
 of the Kingdom, and is one of the most 
 brilliant organ players of the day. His 
 lectures on music, and on antique musical 
 instruments, of which he has a fine collection, 
 have been of educational value. He has also 
 contributed occasional articles to the musical 
 press. He is the composer of a Festival 
 Communion Service, with orchestra; Morning 
 and Evening Services ; songs ; pf. pieces ; etc. 
 MiNTON Pyne, his brother, was sometime 
 assistant-organist at IManchester Cathedral, 
 and, in 1881, appointed to St. Mark's, Phila- 
 delphia, U.S.A. He also was a pupil of Dr. 
 S. S. Wesley. His recitals in America gained 
 him a high reputation. In 1888, he was in 
 England, and gave a recital at Bath Abbey 
 Church. Miss Zoe Pyne, a sister, is a violin- 
 ist, and studied at R.C.M. Slie has given 
 successful concerts at Bath (ISSS), and Lon- 
 don, etc. 
 
 Pyne, Louisa Fanny, or Bodda, soprano 
 vocalist, was born on August 27, 1832, 
 daughter of George Pyne (1790-1877), an alto 
 singer. Studied under Sir George Smart. 
 First appeared in public, with her sister (Mrs. 
 F. H. Standing), 1842. Sang in Paris, 1847. 
 Appeared at Boulogne in "La Sounambula," 
 1849. Debut on London stage as Zerllna in 
 " Don Juan," October, 1849 Sang afterwards 
 at the principal theatres and concerts in 
 London. Appeared in America, with her sister 
 and Wm. Harrison, 1854-56. Established, 
 with Wm. Harrison, the " Harrison-Pyne " 
 English opera company, which performed 
 with much success in Britain, and produced 
 a number of famous English operas, 1856-62. 
 Married Frank Bodda, a baritone vocalist, 
 1868, and retired from the stage. Teacher of 
 singing in London. Her voice was a clear 
 soprano of great compass, and possessed of 
 much expressive power. She excelled in such 
 works as Wallace's "Maritana"and '-Lurline"; 
 Balfe's "Bohemian Girl" and "Rose of Cas- 
 tile " ; and it is due to her no less than to 
 Harrison, that the English opera flourished 
 so successfully under their management. In 
 1896, she received an allowance from the Civil 
 List. Her husband, Frank Bodda, born about 
 1823, was a pupil of the R.A.M. Sang in opera 
 in London and Boulogne, 1848-9 ; and was also 
 heard in the concert-room, lie died March 
 14, 1892, aged 69. 
 
 RADIGER. 
 
 Quarles, Charles, organist and composer 
 of the early part of the 18th century. He 
 was organist of Trinity College, Cambridge, 
 and in 1698 he graduated Mus. Bac, Cam- 
 bridge. In 1722 he was made organist of 
 York ]Minster. He died at York, in 1727. 
 He composed lessons for the harpsichord, etc. 
 
 Quatremayne, Frank, or Smiles, bass 
 vocalist, born at Devonport, November 19, 
 1848. Studied pianoforte and theory under 
 Charles Noble ; and singing, first with the 
 late H. C. Deacon, then with Campana and 
 Caravoglia. After singing in public for about 
 three years, from 1880, he went to IMilan, 
 and studied under Antonio Sangiovanui. 
 Since then he has sung at the principal con- 
 certs in London and the provinces, devoting 
 himself, the last few years, chiefly to teaching, 
 and numbers among his pupils several suc- 
 cessful singers of the day. He is the author 
 of a treatise, " Correct voice production " 
 (Weekes), etc. His father is William Smiles, 
 C.B., and he is nephew of Samuel Smiles, 
 LL.D., autlior of " Self-Help," etc. 
 
 Quin, Francis Stainstreet, organist of 
 ]\Ionkstown Church, Dublin. Was a pro- 
 minent Freemason, having risen to the 32nd 
 degree. He died, June 14, 1882, aged 54. 
 i Quinton, Mrs. H. A., see Rosse, Jeanie. 
 
 I Radcliff, John, flutist, born in Liverpool. 
 
 i Studied under S. Percival, Liverpool, and at 
 
 I R.A.M., of which institution he is a Fellow. 
 Became principal flutist in the orchestra of 
 the Royal Italian Opera, after the death of 
 Pratten ; also in the orchest as of the Three 
 Choirs Festivals ; Leeds Festivals, 1874, 1880, 
 
 ; and 1883; Handel Festivals, 1868, etc Lec- 
 
 j tured on the Flute, Ancient and Modern, at 
 the London Institution, 1882. Toured in 
 Australia, 1883-4, and was presented by the 
 
 ' Melbourne Liedertafel with their Golden 
 Lyre, only conferred on artists of the highest 
 
 I distinction. Re-appeared at the Promenade 
 Concerts, London, in 1886; and began a 
 concert-lecture entertainment, entitled "From 
 Pan to Pinafore," in 1888. In 1896-7 he was 
 on tour in South Africa with IMadame Fanny 
 Moody's party. His wife is the esteemed 
 vocalist known as IMadame Pauline Rita, 
 who has appeared at the London and Pro- 
 vincial concerts. 
 
 Radiger, Anton, composer and organist, 
 born at Chatham in 1749, of German parents. 
 He died in 1817. Composer of a number of 
 psalm tunes, such as " Praise," " Compas- 
 sion," " Denton's Green," etc. " Four setts 
 of new Psalm and Hymn Tunes in 3 and 4 
 parts," London, n.d. Four new Hymn Tunes, 
 London [1810]. Three duetts for 2 violins, 
 op. 4 [1796]. Two favourite sonatas for pf. 
 or harpsichord, op. 5. Miscellaneous music 
 for pf., songs, etc. 
 
3:34 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 RADNOR. 
 
 Radnor, Countess of, formerly Vis- 
 •couutess Folkestone, amateur musician. 
 Assisted the establishment of the R.C.]\I., 
 by organizing concerts with an orchestra of 
 ladies. One, given at Stafford House, under 
 her conductorship, June 29, 1882, realizing 
 more than £850 towards the funds of the 
 ■College. She has conducted concerts in the 
 •country, at St. James' Hall, etc., from that 
 time onwards ; also appeared as vocalist at 
 the People's Entertainment Society's Con- 
 certs, etc. Some songs of hers have been 
 published, and she is the musical editor of 
 " An Order of Service for Children," Novello. 
 
 Rafftor, Catherine, see Clive, 
 Catherine. 
 
 Rainforth, Elizabeth, soprano vocalist, 
 "born November 23, 1814. She studied under 
 T. Cooke, and George Perry. Appeared in 
 Arne's " Artaxerxes," at St. James's Theatre, 
 1836. Afterwards she studied under Crivelli, 
 and sang at the Philharmonic Concerts, Con- 
 cert of Ancient Music, provincial concerts, 
 etc. She was the original Arline in Balfe's 
 " Bohemian Girl," 1843, and sang in drama 
 tic pieces in Dublin, etc. She resided in 
 Edinburgh, 1852-56. Retired, and lived as a 
 teacher at Old Windsor, from about 1858. 
 After 1871, resided at Bristol. She died at 
 Redland, Bristol, September 22, 1877. 
 
 Ralph, Francis, violinist, was born in 
 1847. He studied at the U.A.M., and was a 
 professor of the violin there. He gave many 
 good and interesting chamber concerts, in 
 which, latterly, he was assisted by his wife, 
 Kate Roberts, a pianist. He died at Lon- 
 don, September 8, 1887. His wife, daughter 
 of pjllis Roberts {q-v.), was born in London, 
 and studied at the London Academy of 
 Music, where she was presented with a 
 Scholarship by ]Madame Schumann. Flayed 
 at a National Eisteddfod when sixteen, and 
 received the bardic name of Morfida. Ap- 
 peared with success at the New Philharmonic, 
 ■Crystal Palace, and other concerts, and has 
 continued to give chamber concerts at the 
 •Queen's Hall, etc. Her compositions are 
 numerous, but only a few pieces for violin 
 and pf. have been published. 
 
 Ramage, Adam, music teacher and com- 
 piler, was born at Edinburgh, October 10. 
 1788. He was precentor of St. Andrew's 
 Parish Church, Edinburgh, from 1838, and 
 in 1846 he became singing-master at 
 Heriot's Hospital Schools. He died in Edin- 
 burgh, April 5, 1863. He edited " The Sacred 
 Harmony of St. Andrew's Church, Edinburgh, 
 in four vocal parts, with accompaniment for 
 the organ or pianoforte," Edinburgh, 1843. 
 
 Ramsay, Dugald Carmichael, musician 
 who was born at Rothesay in 1818, and 
 ■died at Glasgow, August 12, 1891. He was 
 Author of " Four Diagrams illustrative of 
 
 RANSFORD. 
 
 intervals, scales, and chords." Glasgow, 
 1860. 
 
 Ramsay, Edward Bannerman Bur= 
 nett, Scottish Episcopal clergyman and 
 writer, born at Aberdeen, January 31, 1793. 
 Dean of Diocese of Edinburgh, 1846. He 
 died at Edinburgh, December 27, 1872. 
 Author of " Two Lectures on the Genius of 
 Handel, and the distinctive character of his 
 sacred compositions," Edinburgh, 1862 ; 
 j " Proposals for providing a peal of bells for 
 Edinburgh," 1863 ; " The Use of Organs in 
 Christian Worship," Edinburgh, 1865, etc. 
 Ramsay is best known by his "Reminiscences 
 of Scottish lif J and character," an interesting 
 and valuable collection of anecdotes. 
 
 Ramsay, James, musician, born at Kil- 
 winning, in 1812, died September 10, 1888. 
 He composed tunes in the " Universal Tune 
 Book," songs, etc. 
 
 Ramsey, Robert, organist and composer, 
 of latter part of the 16th and beginning of 
 17th centuries. He graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Cambridge, in 1616, and was organist of 
 Trinity College. He composed a Service in 
 F, and various anthems. 
 
 Randall, John, organist and composer, 
 was born in 1715. Chorister in Chapel Royal 
 under B. Gates. Mus. Bac, Cantab., 1744. 
 Organist of Trinity College, St. John's College, 
 King's College, 1775, and Pembroke Hall, 
 Cambridge. Professor of Music Cambridge 
 University, in succession to M. Greene, 1755. 
 ]\Ius. Doc, Cantab., 1756. He died at Cam- 
 bridge, March 18, 1799, aged 88. Composer 
 of odes, anthems, psalms, and chants, and a 
 " Collection of Psalm and Hymn Tunes, 
 some of which are new, others by permission 
 of the authors." Cambridge, 1794. Songs: 
 Happy Swain, Hopeless Love, Shepherd's 
 Wedding. 
 
 Randall, Richard, tenor vocalist, was 
 born on September 1, 1736. He studied 
 under B. Gates, and sang principally in the 
 works of Handel. He died on April 15, 1828. 
 
 Randies, Elizabeth, pianist, born at 
 Wrexham, August 1, 1800. Known as the 
 " little Cambrian prodigy." Gave very early 
 indications of a talent for music, which was 
 encouraged by her father [1760-1823] , a blind 
 harper and organist in Wrexham. She 
 studied under John Parry, and appeared in 
 London and the English provinces. She was 
 a teacher for a time in Liverpool, and died 
 in 1829. 
 
 Ransford, Edwin, baritone vocalist and 
 composer, born at Bourton-on-the- Water, 
 Gloucester, March 13, 1805. He sang in 
 Loudon theatres in opera, and also as a 
 concert vocalist. Latterly he engaged in 
 music publishing. He died at London, July 
 11, 1876. Composer of a number of ballads, 
 many of which were issued under the 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 335 
 
 I 
 
 RATCLIPFE. 
 
 pseudonym of "Aquila." Among them may be 
 named — I eautiful Sea, Friar Tuck's chaunt, 
 Harvest Home, Oak and the Ivy, Winter 
 ISIight, etc. ; Gipsy hfe and character [1845], 
 a collection of songs written in conjunction 
 with Glover. His son, Willi.\m Edwin, was 
 also a publisher, pianist, and tenor singer, 
 who composed some vocal music. He died at 
 London, September 21, 1890, aged 64. 
 
 Ratcliffe, James, composer, born in 1751. 
 He was a lay-vicar in Durham Cathedral, and 
 died in 1818. Composer of church music, 
 including anthems, psalms, and chants. 
 
 Ravenscroft, John, violinist and com- 
 poser, was one of the Waits of the Tower 
 Hamlets, and a violinist in Goodman's Fields 
 Theatre. He died in 1745. He published a 
 •collection of hornpipes, also sonatas for 
 stringed instruments ; also songs, such as 
 Foolish woman, fly men's charms [1740], etc. 
 
 Ravenscroft, Thomas, composer and 
 editor, was born in 1592 [1582] . He became 
 a chorister in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, 
 under Edward Pearce. Mus. Bac, Cantab., 
 1607 He died at London in 1635. 
 
 Works. — Pammelia, Musicke's ]\Iiscellanie, 
 or Mixed varietie of pleasant Roudelayes and 
 delightful Catches of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 
 parts in one. London, 1609. 2nd edition, 
 1618. Deuteromelia : or the Second part of 
 Musick s Melodic, or melodious Musicke of 
 pleasant Roundelais, K. H. mirth, or Free- 
 men's Songs, and such delightful Catches. 
 London, 1609. Melismata; musical Phansies, 
 fitting the Court, Citie, and Country humours, 
 to three, four, and five vovces. London, 
 1611. The Whole Booke of the Psalmes, with 
 Hymnes Evangelicall and Songs Spiritual, 
 composed into 4 parts by sundry authors, to 
 such severall tunes as have been and are 
 usually sung in England, Scotland, Wales, 
 Germany, Italy, France, and the Netherlands. 
 London, 1621. 2nd edition, 1633. Selections 
 from the works of Thomas Ravenscroft, a 
 musical composer in the time of King James 
 1. (Roxburghe Club). London, n.d. A briefe 
 Discourse of the True but neglected use of 
 Charact'ring the Degrees by their Perfection, 
 Imperfection, and Diminution in Mensurable 
 Musicke, against the common practise and 
 custome of these times. London, 1614. 
 
 Ravenscroft is best known by his "Booke 
 of Psalmes," a work of much importance, 
 containing contributions by Tallis, Dowland, 
 Morley, Farnaby, Tomkins, Pearson, Parsons, 
 Hooper, Kirbye, Allison, Parmer, Bennet, 
 Milton, Cranford, Harrison, and tlie editor. 
 It lias been drawn upon by nearly every suc- 
 ceeding compiler of psalmody, and is now a 
 somewhat rare work. It is worthy of notice 
 that his "Pammelia" is the earliest collection 
 of rounds and canons published in Britain. 
 
 Rawlings, Thomas, violinist, born about 
 
 RAYMOND. 
 
 1708. He studied under Pepusch, and per- 
 formed at Handel's oratorios when they were 
 originallv produced. Organist of Chelsea 
 Hospital", 1753. He died in 1767. 
 
 Rawlings, Robert, violinist, son of above, 
 was born in London, in 1742. He studied 
 under his father and Barsanti. Organist of 
 Chelsea College, 1759. Musical page to the 
 Duke of York, till 1767. Member of private 
 band of George III. He died in 1814. 
 
 Rawlings, Thomas A., composer and 
 violinist, son of Robert, above-noted, was born 
 at London, in 1775. He studied under R. 
 Rawlings and Dittenhofer, and became a 
 violinist at the Opera, the Ancient, Vocal, and 
 Professional Concerts, etc. Teacher in Lon- 
 don. He died about middle of present century. 
 
 Works. — Concerti di Camera, for pf., flute, 
 violins, viola, and 'cello. Instrumental .• Three 
 sonatas for harpsichord and violin, op. 1 
 [179.3] ; Six new waltzes for pf., op. 2 [1794] ; 
 Duet for harp and pf. ; and a large number of 
 divertimentos, marches, arrangements, etc. 
 Songs : Bee's wing ; Evergreen leaf ; Hither, 
 love, hither; Home of youth; Lila's a lady; 
 'twas sad ; Oh come to me ; Oh what a 
 pity ; Sabbath bells ; Strike the guitar ; Weep 
 not, thou lovely one ; When spring time was 
 gay. Also in collected form, " Selection of 
 Foreign Melodies" [1825], and "Songs to 
 Rosa" [1826], with endless contributions to 
 the musical annuals. Rawlings is usually 
 identified with the well-known song, " Isle of 
 Beauty," which, however, was only arranged, 
 not composed, by him, but a INIajor C. S. 
 Whitmore (q.v.) [1830]. 
 
 Rawlins, Rev. John, clergyman, was 
 rector of Leigh. Author of " The Power of 
 Musick, and the particular influence of 
 Church IMusick : a sermon preached in the 
 Cathedral Church of Worcester . ," 1773. 
 
 Rayleigh, Lord, John William Strutt, 
 D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., Third Baron, born 
 November 12, 1842, and succeeded to the title 
 on the death of his father in 1873. Educated 
 at Trinity College, Cambridge. Senior 
 Wrangler, 1865. Author of a work on " The 
 Theory of Sound," 2 vols. Second edition, 
 1896. Papers read before the Musical Asso- 
 ciation, etc. 
 
 Raymond, Fanny, Mrs. Raymond-Ritter, 
 English poetess and musician, who married 
 Frederick Louis Ritter (born 1834 ; died 1891). 
 French-American author and musician. She 
 has written " Woman as a musician, an art 
 historical study," London, 1877 ; " Some 
 Famous Songs, an art historical sketch," 
 London, 1878 ; " Songs and Ballads," New 
 York, 1888, etc. Translator of Ehlert's 
 Letters on Music to a Lady, 1877, and Schu- 
 mann's Music and Musicians, 1877-80, 2 vols. 
 According to a statement on page 49 of her 
 " Songs and Ballads," she is a native of 
 
336 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 REA. 
 
 England, liaving been born " By Avon water 
 and Arden wood." 
 
 Rea, William, organist, conductor, and 
 composer, born in London, Marcb '25, 1827. 
 Articled pupil of Josiah Pittman, and later 
 studied pf. under Sterndale Bennett, and in 
 184'J for a bliort time was at Leipzig and 
 Prague, studying under Mosclieles, Hichter, 
 and Dreyscliock. Deputised as organist for 
 Pittman ; was appointed to Christ Church, 
 Watling Street, 1843 ; St. Andrew's Under- 
 shaft to 1858, when he went to St. Michael's, 
 Stockwell. Played at concerts of the Society 
 of British Musicians ; gave chamber concerts; 
 acted as accompanist for the Harmonic 
 Union ; established and conducted the Pol- 
 hymnia (Jhoir of Men's Voices, 1856, and 
 was brought into contact with Mendelssohn 
 and other eminent composers. In 1860 he 
 was appointed organi3t to the Corporation 
 of Newcastle-on-Tyne. His church appoint- 
 ments were at St. Thomas's, St. Andrew's, 
 St. Mary's, North Shields, 1864-78 ; and St. 
 Hilda's, South Sh.elas, to present time. He 
 has been a hard worker for musical culture 
 in the North ; besides giving his recitals, he 
 formed several societies, giving many im- 
 portant concerts, and introducing great works 
 to the locality. His orchestral concerts, 
 started in 1867, were carried on for nine 
 years. He still conducts the Newcastle 
 Amateur Vocal Society. His Corporation 
 appointment he resigned in 1888. He was 
 elected au Hon. Fellow of the College of 
 Organists, and in 1886 the honorary degree of 
 Mus. Doc. was conferred upon him by the 
 University of Durham. His compositions 
 include " Sing, O daughter of Zion," " 0, 
 give thanks," and other anthems ; a Jubilee 
 Ode, composed for the Newcastle Exhibition, 
 1887 ; various songs, and pieces for organ 
 and pf. Emma Mary Rka, his wife, was a 
 daughter of W. S. B. Woolhouse (q-v.), and an 
 accomplished pianist, L.R.A.M. and A.R.C.M. 
 She was closely identified with the musical 
 life of Newcastle for over thirty years. She 
 died suddenly, of apoplexy. May 6, 1893. 
 
 Read, Charles John, organist and com- 
 poser. Compiled "Parochial Psalmist: a 
 manual of psalm and hymn tunes for con- 
 gregational singing, for four voices," Salis- 
 bury, 1854 ; " The Te Deum, tlie Jubilate, 
 etc., of the Catholic Church, performed at 
 Stratford and at Hanover Chapel, Regent 
 Street . . ." London, 1855; songs, pf. 
 music, etc. 
 
 Read, Frederick John, organist and 
 composer, born at Paversham, Kent. Studied 
 under Drs. Sloman, C. W. Corfe, and J. P. 
 Bridge. Appointed organist of Christ Church, 
 Reading, 1876, where he remained ten years, 
 during which time he founded the Reading 
 Orpheus Society (1882), and gave concerts. 
 
 READ. 
 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1876 ; Mus. Doc, 1891,, 
 Oxford. In 1887 he took up his duties as 
 organist of Chichester Cathedral, where he 
 is still in office. Conductor of Chichester 
 Musical Society. 
 
 WoBKS. — Cantatas : Sigurd, men's voices,, 
 produced Oxford, 1892 ; The Song of Hannah, 
 produced Cardiff, 1895. Scena, The Eve of 
 the Battle, baritone solo and men's chorus, 
 Reading, 1889. Meadowcroft prize anthem, 
 " Let my complaint," 1879 ; anthems, ser- 
 vices, etc. Madrigals : Love wakes and 
 weeps (six voices) ; My dearest love (seven 
 voices); Daffodils (eight voices); part songs, 
 etc. ; organ pieces. 
 
 Read, John Francis Holcombe, musi- 
 cal amateur and composer, born at Port 
 Royal, Kingston, Jamaica, October 29, 1821. 
 Sent to his grandparents at Woolwich when, 
 four months old. Began to learn the violin 
 when about twelve from a member of the- 
 Royal Artillery Band, subsequently studying 
 composition with G. A. Macfarren. Was 
 appointed to the War Office, afterwards 
 entering the Stock Exchange. Resided at 
 Walthamstow for nearly forty years ; now 
 resident in London. Was County ]\Iagistrate 
 for Essex, and for some years a Vice-President, 
 and member of the Committee of Manage- 
 ment of R.A.M. In 1867 the Walthamstow 
 Musical Society was formed, and Mr. Read 
 was elected President and Conductor. Por 
 twenty-five years he gave his time to it, and 
 wrote for it many of his choral works, besides- 
 producing the standard compositions of all 
 masters. He raised Walthamstow to an im- 
 portant musical centre, and to him the town 
 is indebted for the Victoria Hall, and the 
 Festival which inaugurated it in 1887. Mr. 
 Read was also President of the Stock Ex- 
 change Orchestral Society for some years from 
 its foundation in 1885. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas, etc. : Homeward Bound, 
 produced, Walthamstow, 1868; Consecration 
 of the Banner; Psyche, 1873; Carastacus, 
 1882 ; Bartimeus, 1885 ; Harold, composed 
 for the Walthamstow Festival, November 24, 
 1887; In the Forest, 1890; The Death of 
 Young Romilly, 1891 ; both for men's voices, 
 and produced by the Stock Exchange Society 
 at St. James's Hall. The Hesperus, cantata, 
 1896. Orchestral : Concert Overture, com- 
 posed for the first concert of the Stock 
 Exchange Society, December 18, 1885 ; Sym- 
 phony, Evangeline, the same, February 20, 
 1889; Funeral March (In Memoriam, the late 
 Duke of Clarence) 1892. Chamber music, 
 operettas, and orchestral works in MS 
 Woodland Waltzes, for voices and pf. duet ; a 
 large number of songs and part-songs, etc. 
 Of these works many have enjoyed much 
 popularity, and have been given in various" 
 parts of the kingdom, and in America. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 337 
 
 READE. 
 
 Reade, Charles, novelist, was born in 
 1814 ; died, London, April 11, 1884. Author 
 of " Cremona Violins, four letters descriptive 
 of those Exhibited in 1873 at the South Ken- 
 sington Museum, also giving the data for 
 producing the True varnishes used by the 
 great Cremona makers, reprinted from the 
 Pall Mall Gazette by George H. M. Muntz," 
 Gloucester, 1873 ; also reprinted in Reade's 
 miscellaneous works entitled " Readiana." 
 Reade is best known by his novels " Hard 
 Cash," "It is never too late to mend," etc. 
 
 Reading, John, organist and composer, 
 born probably some time before the middle 
 of the 17th century. Lay-vicar of Lincoln 
 Cathedral, 1067, and Master of the choristers 
 there, 1670. Organist of Winchester Cathe- 
 dral, 1675-81 ; and of Winchester College, 
 1681. He died at Winchester in 1692. Com- 
 posed an " Election Grace " for the scholars 
 of Winchester College; " Dulce Domum," a 
 hymn, j^rinted in Harmouia Wiccamica; and 
 is stated to have composed the well-known 
 hymn, " Adeste Fideles," otherwise the 
 Portuguese Hymn." 
 
 Reading, John, organist and composer, 
 son of above, was born in 1677. Chorister in 
 Chapel Royal, where he studied under Dr. 
 Blow. Organist of Dulwich College, London, 
 1700-1702. Lay-vicar. 1702, and Master of 
 choristers, Lincoln Cathedral, 1703. Organist 
 of St. John's, Hackney, London ; St. Mary, 
 Woolnoth ; St. Dunstan in the West; St. 
 Mary, Woolchurchhaw. He died at London, 
 September 2, 1764. 
 
 He composed " A Book of New Anthems, 
 containing a hundred plates fairly engraved 
 with a tliorough-bass figur'd for the Organ or 
 Harpsichord, with proper Ritornels," London 
 [1715]; "A Book of New Songs (after the 
 Italian manner), with symphonies, a thorough- 
 bass fitted to the harpsichord, etc., all within 
 ye compass of the flute.". .London [1720]. 
 Sold by the author at his house in Arundel 
 Street, Strand. To him has also been attri- 
 buted the composition of "Adeste Fideles." 
 Another John Reading was organist of 
 Chichester Cathedral from 1674 to 1720. 
 
 Reading, Rev. John, clergyman, was 
 prebendary of Canterbury Cathedral. Author 
 of " A Sermon lately delivered in the Cathe- 
 dral Church of Canterbury, concerning church 
 musick." London, 1663. 
 
 Reakes, Albert, bass vocalist and con- 
 ductor. Studied at the London Academy of 
 Music ; also a R.C.M. Conductor of West 
 London Male Voice Union, and was assistant- 
 conductor of the Bath Philharmonic Society, 
 1887 ; conductor of New Swindon Choral and 
 Orchestral Union. Composer of glees: To 
 the Rose ; Love's a thing as I do hear (men's 
 voices), etc. 
 
 Reay, Samuel, organist and composer, 
 
 REDDIE. 
 
 born at Hexham, March 17, 1822. Son of 
 George Agnew Reay, oi-ganist of Hexham 
 Abbey Church. Showed early aptitude for 
 music, and when eight years of age, his 
 father having removed to Ryton-on-Tyne, he 
 was admitted a chorister at Durham Cathe- 
 dral. Studied under W. Henshaw, the Cathe- 
 dral organist, and received valuable instruction 
 from the Rev. Peter Penson, then precenter. 
 On leaving Durham, he was placed under 
 James Stimpson, organist of St. Andrew's, 
 Newcastle, whom he succeeded in 1841, after 
 holding a[ipointments at North Shields and 
 Houghton-le-Spring. In 1845, he became 
 organist of St Thomas', Barras Bridge, New- 
 castle ; St. Peter's, Tiverton, 1847 ; while 
 tiiere, giving lectures on the History of Keyed 
 Instruments. Appointed to St. John's, 
 Hampstead, 1854 ; St. Saviour's, Warwick 
 Road, 1856 ; St. Stephen's, Paddington ; and, 
 in 1859, succeeding Dr. E. G. IMouk as organist 
 and precentor of St. Peter's College, Radley . In 
 1861, he was appointed to the Parish Church, 
 Bury, Lancashire, famous for its choir; and 
 in 1864, succeeded Dr. Dearie in the ancient 
 and important office of Song Schoolmaster of 
 the Parish Church, Newark, which he still 
 retains. Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1871. 
 Has given organ recitals at the Bow and 
 Bromley Institute, at the Royal Albert Hall, 
 and at other places. On October 27, 1879, he 
 produced, at the Institute just named, Bach's 
 "Coffee" and "Peasant" cantatas, for the 
 first time in England ; the English text j)i^e- 
 pared by himself and Mrs. Newton. In 1891, 
 he was invited to take part in the inaugura- 
 tion of the new organ in Newcastle Cathedral. 
 He is conductor of the Newark Philharmonic 
 Society. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 102, for solo, chorus, and 
 strings ; Morning, Evening, and Communion 
 Service in F. Anthems: I will go to the 
 Altar; O Lord, why sleepest Thou? sing 
 unto the Lord ; Rejoice in the Lord ; and 
 others. Hymn tunes contributed to the 
 Hymnary, Bristol Tune Book, and other 
 collections ; chants, etc. Joint editor, with 
 Drs. Gauntlett and Bridge, of Dobson's 
 Tunes New and Old. Part-songs : As it fell 
 upon a day ; Fairest daughter of the day, 
 composed for the Jubilee of the Bristol 
 Madrigal Society, 1887 ; Dawn of Day ; Here 
 let's join in harmony ; Huntsman, rest ; 
 English hunting song; I lov'd a lass ; In an 
 arbour green ; Sweet is the breath of early 
 morn ; The clouds that wrajD the setting sun ; 
 and many others, all of which have been 
 extensively popular. Edited and arranged 
 Songs and Ballads of Northern England 
 (collect d bv John Stoke), London, Scott, 
 1892. 
 
 Reddie, a family of musicians. Josiah 
 Ferdinand Reddie, of Scotch extraction, 
 
338 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BEDFORD. 
 
 was born in London, in 1797. He was 
 appreniiced to John Purkis, and afterwards 
 to S. S. Wesley, who pronounced him, while 
 a youth of eighteen, to be the best extempore 
 player in London. Years afterwards he pre- 
 sented himself in rustic guise to James Turle 
 at Westminster Abbey, and gaining his per- 
 mission to touch the organ, so surprised him 
 with his performance that the two became 
 close friends. Reddie also studied under 
 Thomas Adams. When sixteen, he was ap- 
 pointed organist of Denmark Hill Chapel ; 
 three years later to Rotherhithe Church ; to 
 St. Botolph, Boston, Lincolnshire, 1822 ; St. 
 Margaret's, King's Lynn, 1826, a post he held 
 until his death, on February 20, 1860. His 
 reputation as an executant was very great. 
 
 JosiAH Henry Reddie, son of the pre- 
 ceding, was born at Boston, Lincolnshire, 
 April 2, 1822. Studied under his father, and 
 was organist for some years at All Saints', 
 Lynn, and succeeded his father at St. Mar- 
 garet's Church, resigning about 189.3. He is 
 still living at Lynn. 
 
 Charles F. Rkddie, son of the preceding, 
 is a pianist, and made his first appearance at 
 King's Lynn at the age of ten. Studied at 
 R.A.M. under F. Westlake and E. Prout, 
 receiving the certificate of merit in 1884. 
 Played at a concert of the St. George's Glee 
 Union, October, 1885, with great success. On 
 leaving R. A.M., 1886, was elected an Associate. 
 Has given recitals and concerts in London 
 and the provinces. In 1896 he was appointed 
 a professor of pf. at the R.A.M. 
 
 Redford, John, organist and composer of 
 the 16th century. He was organist and 
 almoner, and master of choristers, St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, in 1543. He died about 1546-7. 
 Composed the well-known anthem, " Rejoice 
 in the Lord," as well as several similar pieces 
 in various collections. 
 
 Redhead, the name of two composers of 
 the present time. Alfred Redhead was 
 appointed organist of St. Augustine's, Kil- 
 burn, 1878. He is the composer of two 
 cantatas for female voices, " The Flower 
 Pilgrims"; and "Twelfth Night"; also of 
 Christmas carols for children ; two-part songs 
 for children ; songs, various, etc. 
 
 Edward Redhead, graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1845. Hehaspublished "Short Volun- 
 taries for the organ, four books ; pieces for 
 pf., etc. 
 
 Redhead, Richard, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Harrow, March 1, 1820. 
 Chorister at Magdalene College, Oxford, and 
 pupil of the organist, Walter Vicary. He 
 was appointed organist at Margaret Chapel 
 (now All Saints' Church), IMargaret Street, 
 London, in 1839, an office he held until 1864. 
 He officiated for a short time as organist at 
 St. Andrew's, Wells Street, in 1847. From 
 
 REED. 
 
 1864 he has been organist at St. ]\Iary Mag- 
 dalene's, Paddington. 
 
 Works. — Church ]\Iusic : a selection of 
 chants, sanctuses, and responses, London, 
 1840; Laudes Diurnfe, the Psalter and Can- 
 ticles in the Morning and Evening Service, 
 1843 ; The Order for Morning and Evening 
 Prayer, with Litany and proper Psalms ; 
 Proper Psalms, together with the Gospel 
 Canticles, set to ancient psalm tunes; Met- 
 rical Litanies, 2 parts; Hymns for Holy 
 Seasons ; The Celebrant's Office Book ; Parish 
 Tune Book, compiled by G. F. Chambers 
 
 . . . London, 1868 ; Ancient Hymn 
 ]\Ielodies and other Church tunes, as used at 
 All Saints', Margaret Street ; Canticles at 
 Matins and Evensong, adapted to the ancient 
 Psalm chants ; ]\Iusic to the Divine Liturgy ; 
 The Cathedral and Church Choir Book, 
 ciiiefly adaptations from the Latin works of 
 the great masters ; Parochial Church Tune 
 Book and Appendix ; Universal Organist, 
 5 books ; IMasses, Te Deum in D, anthems, 
 etc. 
 
 Ree, Louis, English pianist and composer, 
 pupil of the Stuttgart Conservatorium, and of 
 Leschetitzky at Vienna, in which city he re- 
 sides. Played at concerts, Stuttgart, 18&6, and 
 in February, 1 888, gave what was claimed to be 
 the frst concert of English music in Vienna. 
 His compositions embrace a suite. Fete Cham- 
 petre, for pf. ; variations and fugue, for two 
 pianos ; pieces for violin and pf., etc. 
 
 Reed, Thomas German, composer and 
 actor, born at Bristol, June 27, 1817. Or- 
 ganist of Catholic Chapel, Sloane street, Lon- 
 don. Musical director of Haymarket Theatre, 
 1838-51, and of the Olympic Theatre, 1858. 
 Chapel-master of Royal Bavarian Chapel, 
 1838. Married Miss Priscilla Horton, 1844. 
 Established " Mr. and Mrs. German Reed's 
 Entertainments," 1855, and produced pieces 
 by Brough, Parry, Gilbert and Sullivan, 
 Burnand, Clay, Cellier, Reed, and Macfarren. 
 He died at Upper East Sheen, Surrey, March 
 21, 1888. 
 
 Works. — Drama at home (Planche), 1845 ; 
 Golden Fleece ; INIatch for a king (C. Mat- 
 thews) ; Who's the composer ? (J. M. ]\Iorton) ; 
 Miss P. Horton's Illustrative Gatherings 
 (1856), and other entertainments. Songs: 
 Jock o' the mill ; I would be a violet ; Love 
 makes the home ; Sweet Erin ; Vixen ! 
 Young man from the country ; adaptations 
 from Auber's " La Part du Diable," etc. 
 
 His wife, born Priscilla Hortox (born at 
 Birmingham, January 1, 1818) a contralto 
 singer and actress of great repute, who ap- 
 peared in Macready's revivals of Shakespere's 
 plays, and afterwards in Blanche's pieces at 
 the Haymarket Theatre, and in her hus- 
 band's entertainments. She retired in 1879. 
 Died at Bexley Heath, March 18, 1895. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 339 
 
 REES. 
 
 Their son, Alfred German Reed, who 
 continued the entertainments, died at Lon- 
 don, ]March 10, 1895. 
 
 Rees, David, author of "Reasons for and 
 against singing of Psahns in private or public 
 worship," London, 1737. 
 
 Rees, Eleanor, contralto vocalist, born 
 at Neath, Glamorganshire. Studied at R. A.]\L 
 under W. Shakespeare ; Westmorland Scholar, 
 1883. Was associated with Mr. Sinclair Dunn 
 in his recitals of Scottish songs, 1882. Toured 
 in the provinces, 1885, with the Valleria-Foli 
 party. Made her festival dibut at Worcester, 
 1887, singing in the first part of ]Mendelssohn's 
 " Elijah " with much success. She sang at 
 the Philharmonic Concerts, March 22, 1888, 
 and is known as a refined exponent of the 
 better class of English songs, etc. 
 
 Rees, Robert, Eos Morlais, tenor vocal- 
 ist, born at Dowlais, Glamorganshire, April 5, 
 1811 Originally a working man, his great 
 natural ability led him to follow music as a 
 profession. His fine voice and artistic feeling 
 ■soon won for liim an extended fame and great 
 popularity, and he was a special favourite at 
 the Eisteddfodau. He sang at the Crystal 
 Palace, the Promenade Concerts at Covent 
 Oarden, in many provincial towns, and also 
 toured in America. He died at Swansea, 
 June 5, 1892. 
 
 Rees, William Thomas, Alaw Ddu, 
 composer, born near Bridgend, Glamorgan- 
 shire, September 29, 1838. Self-taught. Has 
 won a number of prizes at the Eisteddfodau, 
 and also acted as adjudicator. Conductor of 
 Psalmody Festivals. Editor of The Musical 
 School, and The Musician of Wales, the latter 
 started in 1885, but neither now in existence. 
 Published a small collection of tunes, anthems, 
 ■etc. ; composer of some cantatas, anthems, 
 choruses, glees, part-songs, and songs ; also of 
 an opera for children, Llewelyn Ein Llyw 
 ■Olaf, performed at Treherbert, 1891. 
 
 Reeve, Cotton, violinist and composer, 
 who was born about 1777. He was a theatrical 
 manager, and died at London about October, 
 1845. Composer of some instrumental music. 
 
 Reeve, Percy, composer, of present time. 
 His works comprise a sketch " A condensed 
 ■opera," produced at Steinway Hall, May 4, 
 1882; "A private wire," vaudeville. Savoy 
 Theatre, April, 1883 ; Operetta, " The Crusa- 
 der and the Craven," Globe Theatre, October, 
 1890. He has also composed a Symphony 
 and Suite for orchestra ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Reeve, William, composer and organist, 
 born in 1757. He studied under Richardson, 
 and became organist of Totness, Devon, 1781- 
 1783. Composer to Astley's Circus, London, 
 and to Covent Garden Theatre, 1791. Organ- 
 ist of Church of St. Martin, Ludgate Hill, 
 1792. Joint-proprietor of Sadler's Wells 
 Theatre. He died at Loudon, June 22, 1815. 
 
 REEVES. 
 
 Works. — Music to Plays, etc. : Oscar and 
 Malvina, 1791 ; Orpheus and Eurydice, 1792; 
 Apparition, 1794 ; British Fortitude, 1794 ; 
 Hercules and Omphale, 1794 ; The Purse, 
 1794 ; Merry Sherwood, 1795 ; Charity Boy, 
 1796 ; Harlequin and Oberon, 1796 ; Bantry 
 Bay, 1797 ; Raymond and Agnes, 1797 ; Har- 
 lequin Quixote, 1797 ; Round Tower, 1797 ; 
 Joan of Arc, 1798 ; Ramah Droog (with 
 Mazzinghi), 1798; Turnpike Gate (do.), 1799; 
 Embarkation, 1799 ; Thomas and Susan 1799; 
 Paul and Virginia (with Mazzinghi), 1800; 
 Harlequin's Almanac, 1801 ; Blind Girl (with 
 Mazzinghi), 1801 ; Cabinet (with Braham, 
 Moorhead, and Davy), 1802; Family Quarrels 
 (with Braham), 1802 ; Caravan, 1803 ; Dash, 
 1804 ; Thirty Thousand (with Davy and Bra- 
 ham), 1804 ; Out of Place, or the Lake of 
 Lausanne (with Braham), 1805; Corsair 1805; 
 White Plume, 1806 ; Rokeby Castle, 1806 ; 
 An Bratach, 1806 ; Kais, or Love in the 
 Deserts (with Braham), 1808; Tricks upon 
 Travellers, 1810 ; Outside Passenger, 1811 ; 
 Chains of the Heart (with IMazzinghi) ; Jamie 
 and Anna. Scots pastoral, 1800. Glees. Songs: 
 Cherry-cheeked Patty ; Bird in the hand ; 
 Enamoured shepherdess ; Little haymaker ; 
 Live and be jolly ; Margery Grinder ; Rose of 
 the valley ; Tippetywitchet, clown's songs for 
 Grimaldi ; etc. The Juvenile Preceptor, or 
 Entertaining Instructor : a complete and 
 concise Introduction to the Pianoforte, with 
 24 lessons and 4 easy duets, London, n.d. 
 The well-known song " I am a friar of orders 
 grey " appears in " Merry Sherwood," 1795. 
 By this Reeve is best known. 
 
 Reeves, Daniel M. Q. S., amateur mu- 
 sician, author of " A Treatise on the Science 
 of Music," London, 1853; 2nd edition, 1861. 
 
 Reeves, John Sims, tenor vocalist, born 
 at the Artillery Barracks, Woolwich, Septem- 
 ber 26, 1818 ; baptized in Woolwich Church, 
 October 25, 1818. His father, John Reeves, 
 was born at West Bromwich, Staffordshire. 
 He enlisted first in the ^Marines, and then in 
 the Royal Artillery. His superior musical 
 attainments brought him into notice, and he 
 became a corporal in the band. He is said to 
 have been a splendid bass singer, and a good 
 instrumentalist. He was discharged in 1843, 
 and died at Foots Cray, Kent, November 30, 
 1860. From his father young Reeves received 
 his first instruction, and when fourteen was 
 made organist of North Cray Church. During 
 the next few years he became a performer on 
 the violin, 'cello, oboe, and bassoon ; studied 
 harmony with W. H. Callcott, and pf. with 
 J. B. Cramer. His adult voice developing, he 
 decided on becoming a singer, and as a bari- 
 tone, made his debut as Count Rodolpho in 
 " La Sonnambula," at the Newcastle-on- 
 Tyne Theatre, June, 1839. The same year he 
 sang at the Grecian Theatre, Loudon, as Mr. 
 
340 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 REEVES. 
 
 Johnson. He then studied as a tenor, under 
 Hobbs, and T. Cooke, and appeared in minor 
 parts in " King Arthur," " Der Freischiltz," 
 and other operas, at Drury Lane, 1842-3. 
 For further study he went to Paris, and had 
 lessons from Bordogni, and at Milan, from 
 Mazzucato. At La Scala, Milan, he appeared 
 in 1846, as Edgardo in " Lucia di Lammer- 
 moor," with Catherine Hayes in the title- 
 part. Reapi^eared at Drury Lane, December 
 6, 1847, in the same part, and achieved the 
 greatest success witnessed for many years. 
 Then for the first time called Mr. Sims 
 Reeves. On the 20th of the same month he 
 appeared in his first original part, as Lyonnel 
 in Balfe's " Maid of Honour," also at Drury 
 Lane. On May 20, 1848, he made his first 
 appearance in Italian opera, at Her Majesty's, 
 taking the part of Carlo in " Linda." His 
 operatic career extended over many years, 
 and he was equally great in works of all 
 kinds, down to the simple ballad-opera. He 
 sang in " Rob Roy," at Edinburgh, so late 
 as July, 1887. In oratorio he achieved a 
 great success at tlie Worcester and Norwich 
 Festivals of 1848, and at the Sacred Har- 
 monic Society's performance of the" Messiah," 
 November 24, of that year He was engaged 
 for the Birmingham Festivals from 1849 to 
 1873, and it was for him that Costa wrote the 
 tenor parts in "Eli," and "Naaman." He 
 sang at the Crystal Palace Handel Festivals, 
 1857-74, his last festival performance being in 
 " Israel in Egypt," June 26, 1874. In the 
 concert room he reigned supreme, and was 
 nratchless in his rendering of the artistic 
 song, and the Dibdin ballad. From 1881 his 
 public appearances were less frequent ; and 
 in 1890 he commenced a farewell tour at 
 Sonthsea, in August; and gave his final con- 
 cert at the Albert Hall, May 11, 1891. lie 
 commenced teaching about this time, and 
 was on the staff of the Guildhall School of 
 Music. Reverses and misfortune compelled 
 a return to public life, and after singing at 
 Covent Garden Promenade Concerts, Queen's 
 Hall, and other places, 1893-5, he appeared 
 at the Empire Theatre, November 4, 1895, 
 and made a round of the provincial Variety 
 theatres during the winter following. Sailed 
 for South Africa, July 25, 1896, and had a 
 most successful tour, returning -in October. 
 In 1888 he published his " Life and Recol- 
 lections," London, Simpkin, Marshall. 
 
 His wife, born Emma Lucombe, was tlie 
 daughter of Thomas Lucombe, a clever am- 
 ateur actor, who died February 13, 1855. She 
 was a pupil of Mrs. Biaue Hunt, and first 
 appeared at a concert of the Sacred Harmonic 
 Society, in Handel's "Josiiua," June 19, 
 1839 ; and sang in London and the provinces 
 up to 1845, when she went to study in Italy ; 
 sang in opera in Milan, and made her cUhut 
 
 REID. 
 
 on the English stage at Covent Garden, Nov- 
 ember 4, 1848, in the titular part of Auber's 
 "Haydee." Appeared at the Pliilharmonic. 
 concerts, April 16, 1849, singing a duet with 
 Sims Reeves, to whom she was married, at 
 North Cray Church, November 3, 1850. For 
 some time she continued to sing in public,, 
 and then gave her attention to teaching. She. 
 died at Upper Norwood, June 10, 1895, in 
 her 75th year. Herbert Sims Reeves, their 
 son, educated by his father, and at Milan, 
 made his dibut at W. Ganz's concert, St. 
 James's Hall, Juno 12, 1880; sang with suc- 
 cess at the Crystal Palace, February 12, 1881, 
 and in the provinces. Made his first appear-- 
 ance on the stage at Brighton, in " Guy 
 Mannering," February 13, 1884. Has sung 
 in " The Waterman," and taken other parts 
 made famous by his father. He has also 
 sung in comic opera, " Palka," etc. He has 
 published one or two songs. His sister, 
 Constance Sims Reeves, made her debut on 
 the stage in " Guy Mannering," with her 
 brother, singing under the name of Miss- 
 Lester. She appeared at the Strand Theatre 
 in July, 1884; sang in "The Waterman" at 
 the Crystal Palace, 1892 ; and has been 
 heard at various concerts. Mr. Sims Reeves- 
 married again in 1895, his second wife, INIiss 
 Maud Rene, having been his pupil. She 
 sang with him at the Queen's Hall, Christmas 
 Day, 1895 ; accompanied him on his pro- 
 vincial tour, 1895-6.; and also on his visit to 
 Africa. Edwin Reeves, a brother, was a 
 member of the Seguin troujie in their Amer- 
 ican tour, 1848-9 ; and sometime professor of 
 singing at the V^iceregal Court, Dublin. He 
 died an Liverpool, in IMay, 1882. 
 
 Reid, A!an Stewart Bell, comijoser and 
 editor, born at Arbroath, Forfarshire, Feb- 
 ruary 6, 1853. Brought up at Forfar, and 
 originally apprenticed to a cabinet-maker. 
 His talent for music showed itself early, and 
 he is entirely self-taught. Elected choir- 
 master in the Barclay Church, Edinburgh, 
 in 1877, which appointment he still holds; 
 also instructor in singing in three Board 
 Schools in that city. He has composed 
 many educational works for schools, operet- 
 tas, cantatas (Round the Clock; The School ■ 
 Holiday ; Red, White, and ]:)lue, etc.), and 
 action songs ; Ruth, a sacred cantata (1882) ; 
 Friendship's Circle, a Sco'tish cantata; and. 
 lyrics and melodies in " Scots Minstrelsie." 
 A volume entitled "Music for Pupil Teachers " 
 was recently completed, and he has a poetical 
 anthology, " The Bards of Angus and tlie 
 Mearns," in course of preparation. He is, 
 further, editor of the National Choir, a 
 monthly publication of glees and harmonised 
 songs, and author of various poetical works. 
 
 Reid, General John (born Robertson), 
 musician, and founder of the Edinburgh 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 341 
 
 . REINAGLE. 
 
 Professorship of music, was born at Straloch, 
 Perthshire, February 13, 1721 [1720]. Son 
 of Alexander Robertson of Straloch. He 
 studied at Edinburgh University. Lieu- 
 tenant in the Earl. of Loudon's Regiment, 
 1745 ; afterwards became a General in the 
 Army. He died at London, February 6, 
 1807. 
 
 , Works. — A Set of Minuets and Marches, 
 inscribed to the Right Hon. Lady Catherine 
 Murray, by J— R— , Esq., London [1770]. 
 (Bremner). [Contains the well-known air, 
 " The Garb of Old Gaul," to verses of Sir H. 
 Erskine, of Alva.] Six Solos for a German 
 Flute or Violin, with a Thorough-bass for 
 the Harpsichord, by J — R — , Esq., a Member 
 of the Temple of Apollo, London, n.d. (Os- 
 wald). There have also been escribed to 
 him " Three Grand Marches, and Three 
 Quicksteps for a Full Military Band, by an 
 Eminent IMaster," London, n.d. 
 
 General Reid directed in his will that, 
 subject to the life-rent of his daughter, the 
 sum of £.52,000 should be applied to founding 
 a Chair of Music in Edinburgh University, 
 and that an annual concert (to include a full 
 military band) should be given on his birth- 
 day, at which was to be performed some 
 specimens of his own composition, to show 
 the style of music that prevailed about the 
 middle of last century. The chair was in- 
 stituted- in 1839, when a sum of between 
 £70,000 and £80,000 became available. The 
 succession of Professors has been John 
 Thomson, 18.39; Sir Henry Bishop, 18i2 ; 
 Henry Hugo Pierson, 1844 ; John Donaldson, 
 1845; Sir Herbert Stanley Oakeley, 1865; 
 Friedrich Niecks, 1889. 
 
 Reinagle, Caroline, 6>c Orger, Caroline. 
 ■ Reinagle, Joseph, violoncellist, compuser, 
 And writer, born at Portsmouth, of Austrian 
 parents, in 1762. Intended for the navy, but 
 afterwards apprenticed to an Edinburgh 
 jeweller. He studied the 'cello under 
 Schetkey, who married his sister, and the 
 "violin under Aragoni and Pinto, and became 
 leader at the Edinburgh Theatre. Performed 
 as a violoncellist in London, etc. Resided in 
 Dublin, 1784-6. Played at Salomon's Concerts 
 in London, and in Oxford, where he latterly 
 resided. He died at Oxford, 1836. 
 
 Works!. — Twenty-four Progressive Lessons 
 for the Pianoforte, London, 1796. Twelve 
 Duets for the violoncello, op. 2 ; 3 sets of six 
 ■do., op., .3, 4, 5. Six Quartets for strings. 
 Slow March for orchestra [ISOO]. Concertos 
 for violin and violoncello, with accompaniment. 
 •Concise Introduction to the Art of Playing on 
 the Violoncello, London, 1830. This work 
 has reached 4 editions. 
 
 His son, Alexander Robert, born at 
 Brighton, August 21, 1799, was organist of St. 
 Peter's-in-the-East, Oxford, 1822-53. He 
 
 . RELFE. 
 
 died at Kidlington, near Oxford, April 6, 1877. 
 Composed Preparatory Exercises for the 
 Violin ; Selection of Popular Airs, varied, for 
 Violin ; A Collection of the most favourite 
 Scotch Tunes. .. .London, n.d.; Violinist's 
 Portfolio, for Amateurs ; Allegro Maestoso, 
 for Violin ; Twelve Studies for the Violin 
 [1851] ; Seven Easy Studies for Violoncello ; 
 First Lessons for Beginners on Violoncello, to 
 which are added a Selection of Psalm Tunes 
 and Chants [1841] ; Ten Airs for Organ or 
 Harmonium ; Ten original Melodies, and a 
 Fugue for the Organ ; Four Introits for 
 Organ; Processional ]\Iarch, do; Twelve 
 songs without words, jDf. ; Two Sets of Bag- 
 atelles, pf. ; Psalm tunes for the voice and pf. 
 [1830] ; Collection of Psalm and Hymn tunes, 
 chants, and other music, Loudon [1839]. 
 The well-known Psalm tune, " St. Peter," is 
 by A. R. Reinagle. 
 
 Reinhold, Charles Frederick, bass 
 singer and organist, born in London, of Ger- 
 man joarents, in 1737. He was a chorister in 
 St. Paul's Cathedral and the Chapel Royal. 
 Ill 1755 he appeared at; Drury Lane Theatre 
 in J. C. Smith's "Fairies." He was organist ^ 
 of St. George the Martyr, Bloomsbury, and 
 sang at Marylebone Gardens, m the provinces, 
 and at the Handel Commemoration in 1784. 
 He died in London, September 29, 1815. 
 Composer of galops, valses, and other music 
 for the pf. 
 
 Relfe, John, composer and writer, born 
 at Greenwich in 1763. Son of Lupton Relfe, 
 who was organist of Greenwich Hospital, 
 under whom he studied. He also studied 
 under Keeble. ]\Iember of King's Band of 
 Music, 1810. Teacher of harmony and pf. in 
 London, where he died, about 1837. 
 
 Works. — Select set of airs for harpsichord 
 [1787] ; Progressive sonatas for the harpsi- 
 chord or pf. ; Lessons, songs, and duetts for 
 pf. ; Six divertimentos for pf., op. 8. Songs: 
 Come thou laughter-loving power ; Edwin 
 and Angelina ; Gardener ; Laplander's song ; 
 IMary's dream. Editor of M. Sharp's collec- 
 tion of original melodies [1827] . Guida 
 Armonica, or introduction to the general 
 knowledge of music, theoretical and practical, 
 London, 3 parts [1798]; reprinted as "The 
 Principles of Harmony, containing a complete 
 and compendious illustration of the theory 
 of music," London, 1817. A ]\Iuschedule, or 
 nmsic scroll, exhibiting an epitome of the 
 whole science of music," Camberwell [1800] . 
 Remarks on the present state of musical 
 instruction, with a prospectus of a new order 
 of thoroughbass designation, and a demonstra- 
 tive view of the defective nature of the 
 customary mode.., London, 1819. Lucidus 
 ordo : comprising an analytical course of 
 studies on the several branches of musical 
 science.., London, 1821. 
 
342 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 KENDALL, 
 
 Relfe's " Guida Armonica " anticipated in 
 a large measure the method of Logier in 
 regard to instruction by exercises. 
 
 His father issued " Hymns for the use of 
 the Chapel of the Royal Hospital, Greenwich," 
 London, 1789; and "Greenwich Hospital 
 hymns and music," 1796. 
 
 Rendall, Edward Davey, composer, 
 educated at the Hoch Schule, Berlin. Grad- 
 uated M. A. , 1887 ; Mus. Bac, 1894, Cambridge. 
 Music master, Dulwich College. His com- 
 positions are : Psalm 137, for soli, strings, 
 and organ ; " The Compleat Angler," Idyl for 
 soli, chorus, and orchestra. Princes' Hall, 
 May 5, 1894 ; Quintet for pf. and wind, 1890; 
 Five vocal duets ; Songs, part-songs, etc. 
 
 Reynolds, Charles, oboe player, born at 
 Stockport, Cheshire, May 30, 1850. His 
 father, Thomas Reynolds, was bandmaster 
 of the 52nd Liglit Infantry (now 2nd Oxford- 
 shire), and afterwards of the 6th Lancashire 
 Militia. Charles Reynolds passed his boyhood 
 in India, and while there the great mutiny 
 broke out. On his return to England he 
 studied the oboe under Lavigne, and joined 
 the Halle orchestra in 1871 as second oboe, 
 becoming principal in 1890. Was connected 
 with tlie Gentlemen's Concerts, Manchester, 
 from 1870 ; Liverpool Philharmonic, 1874 ; 
 joined the orchestra of the Royal Italian 
 Opera, 1876; and the New Philharmonic 
 Concerts, London, same year. Has played 
 at the Bristol Festivals since 1873 ; Birming- 
 ham, 1885; Hanley, 1888; Handel, 1888; 
 and at the Reid Festival, Edinburgh, 1893, 
 he played for the first time in Great Britain 
 Bach's Suite for oboe d'amore ; and is also 
 known as a fine performer on the Cor Anglais. 
 He has conducted orchestras at Derby Castle, 
 Douglas, Isle-of-Man, 1886-7 ; Falcon Cliff, 
 1889 ; and Rhyl, 1893. Is professor of the 
 oboe. Royal Manchester College of Music. 
 
 Reynolds, Charles Tom, organist, 
 composer, and conductor, born at Ross, 
 Herefordshire, October 1, 1865. Chorister at 
 Hereford Cathedral. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1890; Mus. Doc, 1895, Oxford. F.R.C.O. 
 Appointed organist of Denstone College, 1883; 
 of Oswestry Parish Church, 1885, an office he 
 retains. Conductor of Oswestry Choral 
 Society, which has given good concerts; of 
 the Claughton and Oxton Choral Society ; 
 and, in 1896, appointed conductor of the 
 Birkenhead Cambrian Choral Society. His 
 compositions include a cantata, " The Child- 
 hood of Samuel," produced at Birkenhead, 
 1896; a setting of Psalm 130; and he has 
 published church services, anthems, and 
 part-songs. 
 
 Reynolds, John, composer of the 18th 
 centurv. Was Gentleman of Chapel Royal, 
 1765-1770. He died at Lambeth, London, 
 1770 [November, 1778?] . Composed the well- 
 
 RICHARDSON. 
 
 known anthem, " My God, my God, look upon 
 me." 
 
 Reynolds, Williamson John, organist 
 and composer, born in London, October 22, 
 1861. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1886 ; Mus. 
 Doc, 1889, London. Organist of Parish. 
 Church, Barnet ; St. Michael's, Cornhill, 
 London, from 1891. He has lectured on 
 " Music and Evolution," in Birmingham, 
 1895, etc. His works are a Magnificat for 
 soli, chorus, strings and organ; Festival Te 
 Deum, for soli, eight-part chorus and or- 
 chestra, produced at Highbury Athenseum, 
 April 19, 1891 ; " Crossing the Bar," four 
 voices, etc. 
 
 Rhodes, Alfred, organist of Brixton In- 
 dependent Church, is author of a work on 
 "Curiosities of the Key-board and the Staff; 
 or the Staff-notation shown to be upon a 
 scientific basis . ," London, Augener, 1896. 
 
 Richards, Henry Brinley, composer, 
 pianist, and teacher, born at Carmarthen, 
 November 13, 1817. Son of H. Richards, 
 organist of St. Peter's, Carmarthen. Intended 
 for medical profession, but abandoned it in 
 favour of music. Entered R. A.M. as student, 
 with assistance of the Duke of Newcastle. 
 Gained King's Scholarship, 1835 and 1837. 
 Member of R.A.M. Resided in London as- 
 teacher and pianist. He died at London, 
 May 1, 1885. 
 
 Works. — Orchestral : Symphony ; Over- 
 tures in F minor, Paris, 1840, London, 1841, 
 and another ; Concerto for pf, and orchestra ; 
 The "Albert Edward" march (military band), 
 1862 ; The Carmarthen march. Pianoforte r 
 Andante Pastorale ; The angel's song ; Pic- 
 ciola Estelle ; Fete de la Reine (1849) ; La 
 Reine Blanche, scherzo; Recollections of 
 Wales (1852) ; Warblings at eve (1856) ; 
 Mane, nocturne (1857) ; Book of Octave 
 Studies; Andante cantabile (1858) ; Fantasias 
 on Welsh airs (1861) ; Tarantelle (1864) ; 
 Evening, nocturne (1877) ; Autrefois (1880). 
 Part-songs : Up, quit thy bower, trio (1846) ; 
 In the hour of my distress, solo and choir 
 (1856) ; There's not a heath (1857) ; The boat 
 song; Ye little birds, madrigal (1863); Sun 
 of my soul (1868) ; The Cambrian plume 
 (1869) ; Let the hills resound (1873) ; The 
 men of Wales (1877) ; Nobody cares for thee 
 (1878). Duets : How beautiful is night ; The 
 old church chimes ; Home, etc. Songs : In 
 the hour of my distress ; Cambrian war-song- 
 (1859) ; The harp of Wales (1862) ; God bless^ 
 the Prince of Wales (December, 1862) ; As 
 o'er the past (1868) ; The harper's grave 
 (1869); The Black Watch (1874); Men of 
 Wales (1877), etc. Songs of Wales, edited, 
 London, 1873 (other editions). 
 
 Richardson, Alfred Madeley, organist, 
 studied under William Haynes, of Malvern, 
 and at R.C.M. Organ Scholar, Keble Col- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 343 
 
 RICHARDSON. 
 
 lege, Oxford, 1885-9. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 and B.A., 1888 ; M.A., 1892, Oxford. P.R.C.O. 
 Obtained diploma of A. CO. when sixteen, 
 and was then organist of Emmanuel Church, 
 Malvern. Gave recitals in the Prior}' Church 
 there, 1884. Organist of Hindlip Church, 
 Worcester, 1889 ; Holy Trinity, Sloane Street, 
 London ; St. Jude's, Gray's Inn Road ; All 
 Saints', Scarborough, 1892 ; St. Saviour's 
 Cathedral, Southwark, 1897. He has pub- 
 lished church services, part-songs, etc. 
 
 Richardson, John, composer and or- 
 ganist, born at Preston, December 14, 1816. 
 He was appointed organist of St. Mary's 
 Catholic Chvirch, Liverpool, in 1835, and 
 from 1837 to 1857 was organist of St. Nicholas 
 Church in the same city. He was celebrated as 
 a teacher, and was the instructor, in counter- 
 point, of W. T. Best. He died at Preston, 
 April 13, 1879. He composed music for Col- 
 lins' " Ode to the Passions," masses, glees, 
 hymn-tunes, etc. 
 
 Richardson, John Elliott, organist and 
 composer, born at Salisbury. Studied at 
 Salisbury Cathedral, under A. T. Corfe, 
 whose assistant organist he was for eighteen 
 years. Appointed organist and master of the 
 choristers, in 1863, after the death of A. T. 
 Corfe. Conductor of Sarum Choral Society, 
 1849-69. Resigned Cathedral appointment, 
 1881, owing to ill-health. He composed a 
 service in F ; I will give thanks ; Turn Thee, 
 Lord ; and other anthems. Author of 
 " Salisbury Chant Book," Salisbury, 1859 ; 
 "The Tour of a Cathedral Organist," Salisbury, 
 1870. Editor of anthems by Greene, etc. 
 
 His brother, Thomas Bentinck Rich.\rd- 
 SON, chorister, and assistant organist at Salis- 
 bury Cathedral, was organist, for nearly thirty 
 years, of St. Mary's Church, Bury St. Ed- 
 munds. He was a good musician, and 
 exerted great influence in his locality. He 
 died at Bury St. Edmunds, April, 1893, 
 aged 62. 
 
 Richardson, Joseph, flute player and 
 composer, born in 1814. Member of Jullien's 
 orchestra, and latterly principal flutist in 
 Queen's private band. He died at London, 
 March 22, 1862. Composer of fantasias, 
 variations, original pieces and arrangements 
 for flute ; Set of studies for the flute, 
 exemplifying the different modes of fingering 
 particular notes and passages, London [1844] ; 
 Waltzes for pf., songs, and other music. 
 
 Richardson, Vaughan, organist and 
 composer, was born in the latter half of the 
 17th century. He studied under Blow in the 
 Chapel Royal. Organist of Winchester Cathe- 
 dral, 1695. He died in 1729. 
 
 Works. — A Collection of new Songs for 1, 
 2, and 3 voices, accompany'd with Instru- 
 ments, London, 1701. Odes, cantatas, etc. 
 Anthems and songs. The well-known anthem 
 
 RICKARD. 
 
 "O how amiable are Thy dwellings" is by 
 this composer. 
 
 Richardson, William, organist and 
 composer, was a chorister in the Chapel Royal, 
 and organist of St. Nicholas' Church, Dept- 
 ford, London, 1697. He died about 1731-32. 
 He composed " Lessons for the harpsichord 
 or spinet," London, 1708; and "The Pious 
 Recreation, containing a new sett of psalm 
 tunes...," London, 1729. This contains 
 " Greenwich," a popular psalm tune. 
 
 His brother, Pelham Richardson, was 
 also an organist. 
 
 Richmond, Rev. Legh, clergyman and 
 musician, born at Liverpool, January 29, 1772. 
 He was chaplain of the Lock Hospital, and 
 afterwards rector of Turvey, Bedfordshire. 
 Died at Turvey, May 8, 1827. Author of 
 "The Dairyman's Daughter" in the "Annals 
 of the Poor," and other religious works. 
 Known to musicians by some good glees, 
 contained in Hague's collections. He also 
 wrote songs, among which may be named 
 Christian's rest [1825] ; Gypsies petition ; 
 Happy cottager ; Negro's prayer. Richmond 
 founded, about 1820, the Legh Richmond 
 Library at lona, in Argyleshire. 
 
 Richmond, William Henry, organist 
 and composer. Studied under James Rhodes 
 and T. A. Marsh. Organist of Holy Trinity, 
 Knaresborough ; appointed to St. Paul's Pro- 
 Cathedral, Dundee, 1870 ; and later to St. 
 Michael's, Exeter, which he resigned through 
 illness in 1886. He composed church services, 
 anthems, organ music, pf. music and songs. 
 
 Rickard, Richard Henry, pianist and 
 composer, born at Birmingham, November 
 12, 1858. When a child he showed much 
 talent for music, and as a juvenile pianist 
 frequently played at concerts. At eight 
 years of age he was placed under Dr. C. 
 S. Heap, with whom he studied for some 
 years. He gave his first recital in Birming- 
 ham, March 30, 1876, and afterwards went to 
 study at the Leipzig Conservatorium, where 
 his teachers were Reinecke, Louis Maas, and 
 E. F. Richter. After completing his course, 
 he played at the Gewandhaus concerts, 
 December 12, 1878, Reinecke's Concerto in 
 F minor, and was favourably noticed by the 
 press. He reappeared at Birmingham in 
 April, 1879, and gave recitals at different 
 times. Residing in London, he took a good 
 position as a teacher there, and at Brighton, 
 Played at the Crystal Palace concerts, for 
 the first time, April 7, 1883 ; gave a series of 
 recitals there, 1884 ; at the " Inventions " 
 Exhibition, South Kensington, 1885 ; and 
 played at concerts in various places. He also 
 has played, with naarked success, at Paris, 
 and Dresden and other places in Germany. 
 Visited Liszt at Weimar, and played to 
 Rubinstein, to whom he dedicated a Ballade 
 
344 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 RIDDELL. 
 
 and Gavotte. For upwards of ten years he 
 has been principal professor of pf. at the 
 Sydenham and Forest Hill Academy of 
 Music. His compositions include a Concerto 
 in B flat, for pf. and orchestra ; six duets, 
 six characteristic pieces, and a number of 
 other works for pf. ; Twilight Music, The 
 Lotus Flower, and other songs, etc. 
 
 Richard Rickard, his father, was mathe- 
 matical master at King Edward's School, 
 Birmingham, from 1854. He was an excel- 
 lent amateur flute player, and did much to 
 popularise music in the Midlands. In 1864 
 he started a penny singing class at the Bir- 
 mingham and Midland Institute, and in 1882 
 he began a penny violin class. On the third 
 night 525 students presented theniselves! 
 Many soon dropped off, but from these classes 
 the Institute School of Music was developed. 
 Mr. Rickard died at Birmingham, June 4, 
 1890. 
 
 Riddell, John, musician, born at Ayr, 
 September 2, 1718. He was a music teacher, 
 and is believed to have been blind from 
 infancy. He died at Ayr, April 5, 1795. 
 Composer of a " Collection of Scots Reels or 
 country dances and minuets, with two par- 
 ticular slow tunes, with a bass for the violin, 
 violincello or harpsichord . . ." Edin- 
 burgh [1766]. "Collection of Scots Reels, 
 minuets, etc., for the violin, harpsichord, or 
 German flute. The second edition greatly 
 improved." Glasgow, J. Aird [1782]. Rid- 
 dell composed the air of " Jenny's Bawbee " 
 and several well-known dances. 
 
 Riddell, Captain Robert, of Glcnriddell, 
 Dumfriesshire, Scottish antiquary and mu- 
 sician, best known as the friend of Burns the 
 poet. He pubUshed " A Collection of Scotch, 
 Galwegian, and Border Tunes, for the Violin 
 and Pianoforte, with a Bass for the Violon- 
 cello or Harpsichord," Edinburgh, 1794. 
 " New Music for the Pianoforte or Harpsi- 
 chord, composed by a Gentleman. Consisting 
 of a Collection of Reels, Minuets, Hornpipes, 
 Marches, and two Songs in the old Scotch 
 taste, with variations to five favourite tunes," 
 Edinburgh, n.d. Also music to some of 
 Burns' songs. He died at Friar's Carse, 
 near Di;nifries, April 21, 1794. 
 
 Ridding, John A., baritone vocalist, 
 born in Birmingham, December 5, 1862. 
 Intended for a schoolmaster,he served as a pupil 
 teacher at St. Mark's School, Birmingham, 
 afterwards studying at St. Paul's Training 
 School, Cheltenham. Having a voice that 
 promised well, he became a candidate for 
 admission to the Royal College of ]\Iusic, and 
 was one of the fifty scholars elected in April, 
 1883. He distinguished himself at the College 
 concerts, and in March, 1887, joined ]\Ir. J. 
 W. Turner's Opera Company, of which he 
 still remains a member. His repertory includes 
 
 RIDSDALE. 
 
 upwards of thirty operas, and the versatility 
 of his talent is displayed in such widely 
 differing impersonations as those of Mej^his- 
 topheles, (Faust), Lord Allcash (Fra Diavolo), 
 and Alfio (Cavalleria Rusticana). Mr. Ridd- 
 ing is occasionally heard in oratorio, and 
 genera] concert work in Birmingham and 
 elsewhere. 
 
 Rideout, Percy Rodney, pianist and 
 composer. Studied at R.C.M., and privately. 
 A.R.C.M. Graduated Mus. Bac, London, 
 1895. Teacher of pf. at London Organ School, 
 etc. Composer of a setting of Psalm 115 ; an 
 orchestral Symphonic poem (on Shelley's 
 Epipsychidion), produced at Henschel con- 
 certs, January 29, 1891 ; an Evening Service 
 in A, etc. 
 
 Rider, Charles, compiler of "Psalmodia 
 Britannica, or a collection of psalm tunes 
 selected from various composers, and adapted 
 to the different metres used in English 
 psalmody," London [1800], 2 vols. " Set of 
 original Psalm Tunes," 1821-23. 
 
 Ridley, William, organist, born at 
 Newark, Nottingham, 1820. Articled pupil 
 of Dr. Dearie. F.C.O. Organist of Swaffham 
 Parish Church ; Kington Parish Church ; 
 and, 1853-78, of West Derby Parish Church, 
 Liverpool. In 1878 he succeeded his son, 
 S. Claude Ridley {q.v.), at St. John the 
 Baptists', Tue Brook. He was for some time 
 private organist to the Earl of Oxford, and 
 conductor of the Kington Choral Society. 
 During his thirty-three years' residence in 
 Liverpool, he did much to raise the standard 
 of church services. His compilation of .301 
 chants, ancient and modern, went through 
 eight editions ; and he was the composer of 
 many hymn tunes. He died at Liverpool, 
 October 5, 1886. His son, 
 
 Ridley, Sebastian Claude, organist, 
 pianist, and composer, was born at West 
 Derby, near Liverpool, December 31, 1853. 
 Studied under his father. Was assistant 
 organist at West Derby Parish Church from 
 1865 to 1870, in which last year he was 
 appointed organist of St. John's, Tue Brook ; 
 in 1878 to the Liverpool Seaman's Orphanage; 
 in 1892 to Renshaw Street Unitarian Chapel ; 
 and in 1894 to Great George Street Congrega- 
 tional Chapel. Has also acted as choirmaster 
 at St. Cuthbert's (1883), and St. Chad's (1887). 
 Conductor of Banner's Oratorio Choir, 1883. 
 As an organ player he is well known, having 
 given recitals at the Royal Albert Hall, 
 Kensington, St. George's Hall, Liverpool, and 
 at various provincial exhibitions. His com- 
 positions include a Church Service in G 
 (unison) ; Prize hymn tunes, etc. ; many 
 songs, of which "The Wrecker" is a favourable 
 example ; Pf. pieces, " Clymene," " Fairy 
 wings," etc. 
 
 Ridsdale, Rev. C. J., B.A., Incumbent 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 345 
 
 RIGBY. 
 
 of St. Peter's, Folkestone, is the composer of 
 a Communion Service, with orchestra, entitled 
 " Cantio Dominica," produced at Grosvenor 
 Hall, London, March 17, 1882. He is also 
 the composer of three ^Magnificats a faux 
 bourdons, in the 1st and 2nd Ecclesiastical 
 Tones, with varied organ accompaniments; 
 a Benedicite, omnia opera, with Antiphon ; 
 Te Deum, for festal use ; a second Communion 
 Service, etc. 
 
 Rigby, George Vernon, tenor vocalist, 
 born at Birmingham, January 21, 1810. 
 Chorister at St Chad's R.C. Cathedral when 
 nine. When his voice changed to a tenor, he 
 decided upon his profession, and having made 
 a local reputation in 1861 he went to London, 
 singing first at the Alhambra, Leicester 
 Square, and appearing at the Covent Garden 
 Promenade Concerts (Alfred IMellon, conduc- 
 tor), September 18. In 1865 he toured in 
 opera with H. Corri's company. He then 
 went to iMilan, studying with Sangiovanni, 
 and appeared in opera there ; also at Berlin 
 in 1867, and later in Denmark. On returning 
 to England he at once took a high position, 
 singing at the Festivals of the Three Choirs, 
 1868-72 ; Norwich Festival, 1869 ; Birming- 
 ham, 1870-79. He sang at the Crystal Palace, 
 Sacred Harmonic, and otlier London concerts, 
 and at the chief provincial oratorio concerts. 
 Of late years he has been seldom heard, one of 
 his most recent performances being in Costa's 
 " Eli," at Brighton, in November, 1887. 
 
 Riley, William, musician and writer, was 
 " principal teacher of psalmody to the Charity 
 Schools in London, Westminster, and parts 
 adjacent," and singing master, St. John's, 
 Bedford Row, London. Author of " Parochial 
 Musick Corrected, containing Remarks on 
 Psalmody in Country Churches ; on the ridic- 
 iilous and profane manner of singing by 
 ]\Iethodists ; on the bad performance of 
 Psalmody in London and Westminster, witli 
 hints for its Improvement. .To which is added 
 a scarce and valuable collection of Psalm 
 Tunes, . . " London, 1762. Compiler of Psalms 
 and Hymns for the use of the chapel of the 
 Asylum or House of Refuge for Female 
 Orphans. London [1750]. " Parochial Har- 
 mony, consisting of a collection of Psalm 
 Tunes in three and four parts, by sonre of the 
 most eminent Ancient and Modern Composers, 
 and others." London, 1762. Divine Har- 
 monist's Assistant, being a collection of Psalm 
 Tunes. London [1790J. Also tunes in 
 Alcock's "Harmony of Jerusalem," 1801. 
 
 Rimbault, Stephen Francis, organist, 
 pianist, and composer, born at London, in 
 1773. He studied under Dittenhofer, Hook, 
 and Possin. Organist of St. Giles-in-the- 
 Fields. He died at London, August, 1837. 
 Published numerous adaptations for pf. from 
 Haydn, T^Iozart, Beethoven, Rossini, Winter, 
 
 RIMBAULT. 
 
 etc. Composed three grand sonatas for pf., 
 with flute accompaniment, etc. 
 
 Rimbault, Edward Francis, writer and 
 composer, son of preceding, was born in 
 Soho, London, June 13, 1816. He studied 
 under his father, Samuel Wesley, and Dr. 
 Crotch. Organist of the Swiss Church, Soho, 
 1832, and subsequently of several other Lon- 
 don churches. Lectured at the Royal In- 
 stitution and elsewhere on English musical 
 history. One of the founders of the Percy 
 and Musical Antiquarian Societies. Editor 
 to Motett Society, 1811. F.S.A., 1842 ; Mem- 
 ber of Academy of ]Music, and Ph. D., Stock- 
 holm, 1842. Hon. degree of LL.D., Harvard 
 University, U.S.A., 1848. He died, London, 
 September 26, 1876. 
 
 Works. — Who was Jack Wilson, the singer 
 of Shakespeare's stage ? an attempt to prove 
 .the identity of this person with John Wilson, 
 Doctor of IMusic in the University of Oxford, 
 A.D. 1644, London, 1846. Bibliotheca Madri- 
 galiana ; a bibliographical account of IMusical 
 and Poetical works published in England 
 during the reigns of Elizabeth and James I... 
 London, 1847. The first book of the piano- 
 forte, being a plain and easy introduction to 
 the study of Music, London, 1848. The 
 Organ : its history and construction (with E. 
 J. Hopkins), London, 1855 (various editions). 
 The Pianoforte : its origin, progress, and con- 
 struction ; with some account of instruments 
 of the same class which preceded it, viz. : the 
 clavichord, the virginals, the spinet, the harp- 
 sichord, etc., London, 1860. The early 
 English Organ-builders and their works, from 
 the fifteenth century to the period of the 
 great Rebellion, ... .London [1864]. J. S. 
 Bach : his life and writings, compiled from 
 Hilgenfeldt and Forkel, London, 1869. A 
 Guide to the use of the new Alexandre Church 
 Harmonium, with two rows of keys, .... Lon- 
 don, n.d. The Harmonium : its uses and 
 capabilities for the drawing-room as well as 
 the church, 1857. Rimbault's Harmonium 
 Tutor, a concise and easy book of instruc- 
 tion, London, n.d. Rimbault's New Singing 
 Tutor, adapted from the valuable work of 
 Lablache, London, n.d. Edited, secular: 
 Little book of Songs and Ballads, gathered 
 from ancient musick books, ]\IS. and printed 
 
 London, 1840 (2nd edition, 1851). The 
 
 Ancient Vocal Music of England, London, 
 2 vols. [1846-49]. Little lays for little learners, 
 set to easy songs, London, n.d. Nursery 
 Rhymes, with the tunes to which they are 
 sung in the Nursery of England, obtained 
 principallj'from oral tradition, London, 1847 ; 
 2nd edit., 1863; 3rd edit., 18.57 (other edits.). 
 Musical illustrations of Bishop Percy's 
 Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, a col- 
 lection of old ballad tunes, etc London, 
 
 1850. The rounds, catches, and canons of 
 
346 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 RIMBAULT. 
 
 England. .. .16th, 17th, and 18th centuries 
 (with tlie Rev. J. Powell ]\Ietcalfe), London, 
 n.d. The Old Cheque-book, or Book of Re- 
 membrance of the Chapel Royal, from 1561 
 to 1744, London (Camden Society), 1872. 
 Memoirs of Musick by the Hon. Roger North, 
 
 Attornt-y-General to James II Edited, 
 
 with copious notes, London, 1846. Thomas 
 Morley's First book of Ballets for 5 voices 
 (Musical Antiquarian Society). Thomas 
 Bateson's First set of Madrigals (IMusical 
 Antiquarian Society). Orlando Gibbons' 
 Fantasias of 3 parts for viols (Musical Anti- 
 quarian Society). Purcell's Bonduca, a 
 tragedy.. to which is added a history of the 
 rise and progress of Dramatic Music in 
 England (Musical Antiquarian Society). Byrd, 
 Bull and Gibbons' "Parthenia" (Musical 
 Antiquarian Society). Purcell's ode for St. 
 Cecilia's Day (Musical Antiquarian Society). 
 Edited, sacred : Cathedral Chants of the 16th, 
 17th, and 18th centuries. .. .Biographical 
 notices of the composers, London, 1844. The 
 Order of Daily Service . . as used in the Abbey 
 Church of Saint Peter, Westminster . . London, 
 1844. A collection of anthems by composers 
 of the Madrigalian era, London (Musical 
 Antiquarian Society), 1845. Cathedral music, 
 consisting of services and anthems. .London, 
 n.d- [Vol. 1., all published]. Collection of 
 services and anthems, chiefly adapted from 
 the works of Palestrina, Orlando di Lasso, 
 Vittoria, Colonna, etc., London (Motett So- 
 ciety), 3 vols. The Hand-book for the Parish 
 Choir, a collection of Psalm-tunes, services, 
 anthems, chants, etc., London, n.d. The 
 Order of Morning and Evening Prayer, with 
 the harmony in 4 parts. .London, n.d. Vocal 
 Part jNIusic, sacred and secular, a collection 
 of anthems, motetti, madrigals, part-songs, 
 etc., London, n.d. A little book of Christmas 
 Carols, with the ancient melodies to which 
 they are sung in various parts of the country 
 ..London [1847]. Old English Carols, and 
 two hymns, London, 1865. The full Cathe- 
 dral Service, composed by Thomas Tallis.. 
 with an historical preface, and a biography 
 of the composer, London, n.d. The Order of 
 Daily Service with the musical notation as 
 adapted and composed by Thomas Tallis, 
 London, n.d. Edward Lowe's Order of 
 Chanting the Cathedral Service, London, n.d. 
 The Whole Book of Psalms, with the tunes 
 in four parts, as printed by Thomas Este, 
 1592. .historical and biographical notice, 
 London (Musical Antiquarian Society), n.d. 
 The Booke of Common Prayer with musical 
 notes, as used in the Chapel Royal of Edward 
 VI., 1550. Compiled by John Merbecke.. 
 reprinted in facsimile, London, n.d. Vocal: 
 Country life, cantata ; Fair maid of Islington, 
 operetta, 1838. Part-songs and numerous 
 single songs. Organ : Organist's Handbook, 
 
 RISELEY. 
 
 a collection of voluntaries .. arranged from 
 composers of the German school, London, 
 n.d. The Organist's Portfolio, a series of 
 voluntaries from the works of ancient and 
 modern composers, London, 1866 (Boston 
 edition, 1867). Some original pieces. Piano- 
 forte : An enormous quantity of albums, 
 arrangements, selections, transcriptions, and 
 other pieces for solo and duet, with a few 
 original pieces. In addition to all the fore- 
 going it should be mentioned that Rimbault 
 edited many works for the Percy Society ; an 
 edition of Sir Thomas Overbury's works ; 
 several of Handel's oratorios ; Operas by 
 various composers ; and contributed many 
 articles, biographical, and otherwise, to the 
 " Imperial Dictionary of Biography," Grove's 
 "Dictionary of Music," and to periodical 
 literature. 
 
 Ring, John, amateur musician, surgeon 
 and poet, born at Wincanton, Somerset,. 
 August 21, 1752. Distinguished as an advo- 
 cate of vaccination. He died at London, 
 December 7, 1821. In addition to some 
 poetry and professional books, he published 
 "The Commemoration of Handel: a poem," 
 London, 1786 ; 2nd edition, 1819. This was 
 issued anonymously. 
 
 Rippon, John, clergyman and musician, 
 born at Tiverton, April 29, 1751 ; died Lon- 
 don, December 17, 1836. Compiler of "Selec- 
 tion of Psalm and Hjmn tunes, in three or 
 four parts," London [1795] ; " Selection of 
 Psalm and Hymn 'Tunes from the best 
 authors, in three and four parts . . ." 
 London, 2nd edition, 1806 ; 13th edition, 
 1820. " Selection of Tunes in miniature," 
 London, 1806-8. A "Companion" to this 
 was issued in 1820, edited by Walker. About 
 1837 an oratorio by Rippon, entitled the 
 " Crucifixion," was published. A selection 
 from his tune book was issued as " Sacred 
 Music," etc , by J. Tomlins, in 1810. 
 
 Riseley, George, organist and conductor, 
 born at Bristol, August 28, 1845. Chorister 
 in Bristol Cathedral when seven, and in 1862 
 articled to J. D. Corfe, the Cathedral or- 
 ganist. After holding several organ appoint- 
 ments he officiated at All Saints', Clifton, 
 until 1876, when he succeeded Mr. Corfe at 
 the Cathedral. In 1870 he was appointed 
 organist of Colston Hall, and his recitals 
 gained a high reputation. As a performer 
 on the organ he has also been heard at the 
 Royal Albert Hall, where he gave a series of 
 recitals in 1885. In 1877 he started the 
 Bristol Monday Popular Concerts of oi'ches- 
 tral music, which have had a wide educa- 
 tional influence in the West of England. 
 These he has carried on at great personal 
 sacrifice, and has introduced the most im- 
 portant works of all schools, including up- 
 wards of a hundred examples, orchestral and 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 347 
 
 RITSON. 
 
 choral, by British composers. From 1878 he 
 has been conductor of the Bristol Orpheus 
 Society, the fame of which he has extended. 
 The Society, under his direction, has given 
 concerts in London, 1894 and 189G ; has sung 
 at the Gloucester Festival, 1895; and before 
 the Queen, at Windsor Castle, 1895, when 
 Her Majesty authorised the choir to use the 
 prefix "Royal," and presented Mr. Riseley 
 with an inscribed baton. He is also con- 
 ductor of the Bristol Society of Instrumen- 
 talists, and a busy teacher. Many tokens of 
 the appreciation of his fellow citizens have 
 been bestowed upon him. He was elected 
 conductor of the Bristol Festival in 1896, 
 gaining further distinction in that important 
 office. In 1893 he was appointed a professor 
 of the organ at the R.A.M., of which Institu- 
 tion he is an honorary member. Of his 
 compositions mention may be made of a 
 Jubilee Ode, performed at Bristol, 1887 ; a 
 Jubilee IMarch for organ ; Where'er my foot- 
 steps stray, and The Old Churcli Bells, part 
 songs for men's voices ; a Christmas Carol, 
 etc. 
 
 Ritson, Joseph, antiquary and writer, 
 born at Stockton in 1752, died at London in 
 1803. Compiled, among other valuable and 
 interesting works, "Ancient Songs, from the 
 time of King Henry the Third to the Revolu- 
 tion. Prefixed are observations on the 
 Ancienb English Minstrels, and Dissertation 
 on Ancient Songs and Music," London, 1790. 
 " Scottish Songs, with the Music, and His- 
 torical Essay . . ." London, 2 vols., 1794. 
 Reprinted, Glasgow, 2 vols., 1869. Also an 
 English Anthology, Ballad Collections, and a 
 Bibliographia Poetica, etc. 
 
 Riviere, Anna, see Bishop, Anna. 
 
 Roberts, Arthur, vocalist and comedian 
 of the present time, who was born on Sep- 
 tember 21, 1852. He was a legal clerk in a 
 financial office, and first began singing as an 
 amateur. Made his mark in the IMusic Halls, 
 and then appeared in pantomime at Oxford 
 in 1878. Quitted the Music Halls and sang 
 in "The Grand Mogul" at the Comedy 
 Theatre, London, 1884. Toured in the pro- 
 vinces in comic opera, etc. Latterly has been 
 giving entertainments with a party of his 
 own. Among his best recent impersonations 
 may be named " Gentleman Joe," which had 
 a long and successful run at the Prince of 
 Wales' Theatre, London. A memoir is pub- 
 lished by Arrowsmith, Bristol, as " Adventures 
 of Arthur Roberts, by rail, road, and river, 
 told by himself, and chronicled by Richard 
 Morton." [1895]. He has composed a few 
 songs, "If I were to do such a thing;" 
 "Keeping up the old girl's birthday," etc. 
 
 Roberts, David Alawydd, musician, was 
 born in Carnarvonshire, June 16, 1820. He 
 was self-taught in music, and for three years 
 
 ROBERTS. 
 
 in succession, 1851-53, won the chief prize for 
 anthem at the Bethesda Eisteddfodau. He 
 also conducted performances of the " Messiah," 
 "Israel in Egypt," "Samson," etc., at 
 Bethesda. He died on May 26, 1872. Author 
 of a grammar of music, " Gramadeg cerd- 
 doriaeth, mewn tair rhan, sef nodiant," etc. 
 Gwrecsam, 1848; 2nd edition, Wrexham, 
 1862, a small but concise work which has- 
 proved very valuable to monoglot Welsh 
 musicians. In 1867 he issued a Psalm Tune 
 book, also in Welsh. 
 
 Roberts, Eleazar, musician, piiblished 
 " Hymnau a Thonau..," Wrexham, 1870, 
 Llawlyfr Caniadaeth," Wrexham, and other 
 works. 
 
 Roberts, Ellis, harpist and composer,, 
 born Dolgelly in 1819. He was harpist to the 
 Prince of Wales. Died, London, December 
 6, 1873. His son, Ellis Roberts, born in 
 London, 1850, was a chorister at St. Paul's 
 Cathedral. Studied at R.A.]\I. as a violinist, 
 and is a member of the Philharmonic orchestra, 
 and principal second violin, Royal Italian 
 Opera, since 1895. 
 
 Roberts, Frederic Egbert, bass vocalist, 
 born at Newtown, ^Montgomery, September 
 26, 1847. Was brought up to the printing 
 and bookselling business, but having a fine 
 bass voice, studied singing afterwards under 
 Chevalier Lemmens, P. Kingsbury, J. C. 
 Beuthen, and Alfred Blume. Has sung at 
 the principal concerts in London and the 
 provinces. Made his debut at the Crystal 
 Palace Concerts, April 21, 1883. Was for 
 some time a member of the Carl Rosa Opera 
 Company, and sang at Drury Lane, as well as 
 on tour in the provinces. Principal bass at 
 the Italian Church, Hatton Garden, and, 
 since 1894, musical director there. 
 
 Roberts, John, Heullan, musician, born 
 at Heullan, March 30, 1807; died, April 4, 
 1876. Published " Caiiiadau y cyssegr, neu 
 gassglaid o donau hen a diveddar gan mwyaf 
 o gyfansoddiad Gynnnreig," 1839. Selection 
 of 55 Psalm Tunes in Welsh. " Casgliad o 
 donau y diweddar," London, 1876. 
 
 Roberts, John Henry, composer and 
 conductor, born at Bethesda, near Bangor, 
 IMarch 31, 1848. Had lessons from a local 
 teacher, and became an organist at twelve. 
 Removing to Towyn he started a choral 
 society. Entered R.A.M. in 1870, and studied 
 under Sterndale Bennett and C. Steggall. 
 A. R.A.M. Graduated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 
 1882. He is also a Fellow of the Tonic Sol 
 Fa College. Resident at Carnarvon as organist 
 of Castle Square Church, and teacher and 
 composer. In 1885, at the Aberdare Eistedd- 
 fod, he wori prizes for an anthem, six-part 
 madrigal, and tenor song. He has composed 
 an overture, " Caractacus," a cantata, and 
 other pieces. Author of handbooks on Ele- 
 
348 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 ROBERTS. 
 
 ments of Music and Harmony; and editoi- of 
 Anthem Book for the use of Welsh Churches 
 (Novt'llo) ; musical editor of Handhook of 
 Praise, and Congregational Tune Book. 
 
 Roberts, John Varley, organist and 
 composer, born at Stanningley, near Leeds, 
 September 25, 1841. His musical talent was 
 developed at an early age, and when twelve 
 he was appointed organist of St. John's, Fars- 
 ley, near Leeds ; in 1862 he was organist at 
 St. Bartholomew's, Armley, and in 1868 or- 
 ganist and choirmaster of Halifax Parish 
 Church. Graduated Mus. Bac. 1871, Mus. 
 Doc. 1876, Oxford; P. CO., 1876. In 1882 
 he was appointed to Magdalen College, 
 Oxford, as organist and magister choristarum, 
 also holding office, 1885-93, at St. Giles' 
 Church, Oxford. Conductor of the Oxford 
 Choral and Philharmonic Society, 1885-93 ; 
 Madrigal Society of Magdalen College ; and 
 of the Magdalen Vagabonds. Lecturer in 
 harmony and counterpoint for the Oxford 
 Professor of Music ; Examiner for Musical 
 Degrees, 1883-86-89-90. He has given many 
 high-class concerts at Oxford. 
 
 WojiKS. — Jonah, sacred cantata, 1876, per- 
 formed at Oxford and many other places ; 
 Psalm 103, for chorus and orchestra ; A full 
 Morning, Communion, and Evening Service 
 in D ; Pull Communion Service in D ; Mag- 
 nificat and Nunc Dimittis in C, composed 
 for the Festival of the Loudon Church Choir 
 Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, 1894 ; 
 Evening Services in F, E, and G ; Four 
 settings of the Benedictus; The Lord's 
 Prayer and Apostles' Creed in harmonised 
 monotone ; Benedicite, Omnia Opera, etc. 
 Anthewis : Lord, we pray Thee ; Seek ye the 
 Lord ; Lord, who shall dwell ; Peace I leave 
 with you ; I will sing unto the I ord, com- 
 posed for the Jubilee Service in IMagdalen 
 Chapel, 1887 ; The whole earth is at rest ; 
 and others. Part Sonys : Cupid once upon 
 a bed of roses ; Come, my dear one ; The 
 shades of night ; A red, red rose. Songs : 
 The old Parish Church ; The Far-off Land ; 
 Happy IMoments ; My World ; INIaiden with 
 the merry eye ; A Farewell, etc. Andante 
 in G, Postlude in F, Larghetto and Allegro 
 in F, and other pieces for organ. Editor of 
 The Parish Church Chant Book, Novello ; 
 Supplement to Cheetham's Psalmody ; The 
 Victoria Book of Hymns. 
 
 Roberts, Kate, see s^ib. Ralph, Francis. 
 
 Roberts, Richard, harpist, known as the 
 " blind Minstrel of Carnarvon," born 1796 ; 
 died June, 1855. He was a performer of 
 great skill, and played before Princess Vic- 
 toria at Beaumaris in 1832. He compiled 
 " Cambrian Harmony, b°ing a collection of 
 Welsh airs," Dublin [1840].' 
 
 Roberts, Mrs. T., .srf Isaacs, Rebecca. 
 
 Roberts, W. Jarrett, composer and 
 
 ROBERTSON. 
 
 teacher, was born at Liverpool in 1846. He 
 studied at the R.A.M., and afterwards became 
 principal of the North Wales Acadeniy of 
 IMusic. He died at Bangor in November, 
 1886. Composer of "The Inundation of 
 Cantrir Gwaelod," a dramatic cantata, 
 Merthyr, 1881 ; Music for pf. and violin, 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Robertson, a Scottish family of violinists, 
 who flourished early in the present century. 
 It consisted of Henry, James, and William, 
 who mostly resided at Alloa, and performed 
 at gatherings in the surrounding country. 
 
 Robertson, Alexander, musician and 
 teacher of first part of present century. He 
 taught the pf. on the Logierian system, and 
 was, in company with Penson, a violinist, as 
 musicseller in Edinburgh. He afterwards 
 carried on a music -publishing business in 
 partnership with his brother John. Robertson 
 published Marshall's Reels and Strathspeys, 
 and many other Scottish musical works. 
 
 Robertson, Daniel, musician, who was 
 born in the latter part of the 18th century, 
 and died about 1857. He issued " a collection 
 of new reels, strathspeys, jigs, waltzes, etc." 
 Edinburgh, n.d. [1802]. "A selection of 
 Scots, English, and Irish songs with accom- 
 paniments for the piano." Edinburgh, n.d., 
 2 vols. "A collection of Psahn and Hymn 
 Tunes in miniature, arranged in three parts 
 for voice and pf." Edinburgh, 1800. 
 
 Robertson, James Stewart, of Edrady- 
 nate. Collector, was born IMay 15, 1823. He 
 published "The Athole Collection of the 
 Dance Music of Scotland,". .. .Edinburgh, 
 1884, 2 vols. 
 
 Robertson, John, musician and publisher, 
 born aliout 1777. He was precentor of the 
 Barony Church in Glasgow, and had a music- 
 selling business in the same city. He died at 
 Glasgow, March 11, 1827. Compiler rf "a 
 selection of the best Psalm and Hymn Tunes, 
 some of which are original, in four parts.." 
 Glasgow, 1814. " The Seraph : a selection of 
 Psalm and Hymn Tunes.." [1827]; also 
 Glasgow [1840] . These collections were 
 afterwards issued in oblong volumes as 
 "Brown's Robertson's Selection of Sacred 
 Music." 
 
 Robertson, John, organist and composer, 
 born in Edinburgh, February 16, 1838. While 
 attending the University Music Classes he 
 gained one of the scholarships offered by the 
 U. P. denomination, but deciding to make 
 music his profession, he resigned it. After 
 studying with Professor Donaldson, he went 
 to Berlin, and worked with Franz Schulz. 
 In 1884, he graduated Mus. Doc, Cambridge, 
 the first Scotsman to take the degree at that 
 University. P.E.I.S. Organist and director 
 of the choir. New Greyfriars' Church, 1876- 
 1895 ; St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, 1872 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 349 
 
 ROBERTSON. 
 
 to present time. Conductor of Carubbers 
 Close Choir. Has composed a setting of Psalm 
 122, for soli, chorus, orchestra, and organ ; 
 anthems. Pray for the Peace of Jerusalem, 
 and others; Te Deum in F. Part songs: Lull 
 ye my Love asleep (prize) ; Awake ! ye mid- 
 night mariners (sung at Crystal Palace) ; 
 Victoria Psean, etc. Is author of a Treatise 
 on Harmony and Counterpoint, in "The 
 Musical Educat.'r," edited by John Greig, 
 
 {q.V.) 
 
 Robertson, Sophie Maria, soprano 
 vocalist, born at Valparaiso, Chili, July 31, 
 18.51. Her father was a merchant who had 
 settled there, and her mother a daughter of 
 Lieutenant Worthington who fought under 
 Nelson at Trafalgar. In 18G4 the family 
 returned to England, the father dying the 
 same year. As a child ]\Iiss Robertson's 
 singing attracted attention, and later she was 
 placed under Randegger, and Benedict. She 
 first appeared at the concerts of the Royal 
 Amateur Orchestral Society, 1875-6 ; was 
 heard in the provinces, 1877, and the extra- 
 ordinary range of her voice contributed much 
 to her early success. In 1884 she married 
 IMr. Stanley Stubbs, and retired from the 
 platform ; but up to 1888 occasionally sang 
 at tbe Royal Albert Hall, and in the country. 
 Her sister, Fanny Robertson, is a contralto 
 vocalist, who has appeared at the Crystal 
 Palace and other concerts. The duet singing 
 of the two sisters was very artistic, recalling 
 the similar performances of the Misses 
 Williams, and other singers. 
 
 Robertson, Rev. Thomas, D.D., clergy- 
 man and writer, was minister at Dalmeny, 
 Linlithgowshire, and died, Edinburgh, No- 
 vember 15, 1799. Author of " An Inquiry 
 into the Fine Arts...," vol. 1, London, 1784. 
 This volume, all that was ]Dublished of the 
 work, contains the " History and Theory of 
 Ancient and ^Modern Music." 
 
 Robinson, Anastasia, Countess of 
 Peterborough, contralto vocalist, born at 
 London about end of 17th century [1698] . 
 Daughter of a portrait painter. She studied 
 under Croft and Sandoni. Debut in "Creso," 
 1714. Appeared afterwards in operas by 
 Handel, Scarlatti, and Buononcini. Privately 
 married to the Earl of Peterborough, 1724, 
 at which time she quitted the stage. She is 
 supposed to have lived with him, and to have 
 been considered as his "mistress" till 1735, 
 when, a short time previous to his death in 
 that year, the Earl acknowledged the marriage. 
 She died at Bevis iMount, Southampton, 1750. 
 
 Robinson, Daniel, musician, author of 
 " An Essay upon vocal musick," Nottingham, 
 1715. 
 
 Robinson, George Herbert, organist 
 and teacher. Graduated ]Mus. Bac, Cam- 
 bridge, 1885. Organist of St. Marv's, Abchurch, 
 
 ROBINSON. 
 
 London, 1858 ; St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 
 1864 ; organist and choirmaster, Charterhouse 
 School, Godalming, from 1872. IMember, and 
 sometime Director, of the Philharmonic 
 Society. Composer of a cantata, " Praise the 
 Lard " ; Church services, pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Robinson, Hamilton, pianist, organist, 
 and composer, born at Brighton, December 6, 
 1861. Studied at R.A.M. Mus. Bac, Durham, 
 1891 ; F.R.C.O. In 1879 appointed organist 
 and choirmaster, Brunswick Chapel, Hyde 
 Park, London ; and in 1885 to St. Stephen's, 
 S.juth Kensington. Lecturer on harmony, 
 King's Cjllege, London, and some time con- 
 ductor of Burlington Choral Association. His 
 wife, a contrallo vocalist, was educated at the 
 R.A.M., and in 1895 was appointed a professor 
 of singing at King's College, ladies' depart- 
 ment. 
 
 Works. — Sacred Cantata ; Cantata for 
 ladies' voices ; Overture orchestra, and Post- 
 lude for orchestra and organ, in ]\IS. Morning, 
 Evening, and Communion Service; Benedictus 
 and Agnus Dei in E flat ; Three Christnras 
 Carols. The Fisherman ; In Absence ; Love's 
 Challenge ; and other songs. Phantasiesce- 
 nen; Impromptu; Valse Caprice; Tarantella; 
 Gavotte and Musette; Three Sketches, etc., 
 for pf. ; andante, organ, etc. 
 
 Robinson, John, organist and composer, 
 born in 1682. He studied in the Chapel 
 Royal under Dr. Blow. Organist of St. Law- 
 rence Jewry, 1710, and St. Magnus, 1713. 
 Organist of Westminster Abbey, 1727. He 
 died at London, April 30, 1762. Composer of 
 chants, psalms, etc. His wife, Ann Turner 
 Robertson, whom he married in 1716, was a 
 vocalist of some fame in her day, and sang in 
 the works of Handel. She died on January 
 5, 1741. 
 
 Robinson, Joseph, the most distinguished 
 of a remarkable family of musicians. The 
 father, Francis Robinson, was vestry clerk 
 at St. Peter's Parish Church, Dublin ; a pro- 
 fessor of music, and baritone singer. He 
 foanded, in 1810, a society called the " Sons 
 of Handel." Of his seven children, six — fout 
 sons and two daughters — became professional 
 musicians. Fr.ancis, the eldest son, born in 
 Dublin, 1799 (?), was a chorister in Christ 
 Church Cathedral ; organist, St. Patrick's, 
 1828-30 ; Vicar-choral, tenor, Christ Church,. 
 1833, till his death, October 31, 1872. He 
 was a Mus. Doc, honoris cnusa, Dublin, and 
 was the composer of some church music and 
 songs. He also edited Irish INIelodies, with 
 an introduction on Irish INIusic, by George 
 Farquhar Graham. Dublin, Bussell [1866]. 
 William, the second son, had a bass voice of 
 exceptional quality and range. He was a 
 member of the St. Patriclv's choir as late as 
 1845, and also of the choirs of Christ Church 
 and Trinity College. John, the third son, 
 
350 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ROBINSON. 
 
 ■born, 1812 (?), was also in the Catliedral 
 Choirs. He had a tenor voice ranging to the 
 high D. He was organist of St. Patrick's, 
 1828; Trinity College, 1834; and of Christ 
 Church, 1841. He died in 1844. Joseph, 
 the youngest son, was born in Dublin, August 
 20, 1816. Entered the choir of St. Patrick's, 
 1824, and when his voice broke became or- 
 ganist of Sandford Church. When a youth, 
 visited Paris and London, gaining valuable 
 experience, and becoming acquainted with 
 leading musicians. In 1834 established in 
 Dublin, the " Antient Society," which he 
 conducted for nearly thirty years, introducing 
 many important works for the first time to 
 Dublin. Became conductor of the University 
 Choral Society in 1837. Conducted at the 
 opening of the Exhibitions at Cork, 1852 and 
 1883 ; Dublin, 1853. Professor of singing at 
 Royal Irish Academy of INIusic from 1856, 
 into which institution he infused new life ; 
 and in 187G established the Dublin Musical 
 Society, which gave its last concert, Decem- 
 ber 6, 1888, but was afterwards revived under 
 Dr. Joseph Smith {q.i\) In August, 1896, on 
 attaining his eightieth year, Mr. Robinson 
 retired from active work. As a baritone 
 vocalist he long held a foremost position ; 
 while as a conductor and teacher he was in 
 the front rank. His compositions include 
 anthems, services, and songs ; and he wrote 
 a INIarch for the opening of the Dublin Exhi- 
 bition, 1882. It was for Joseph Robinson 
 that Mendelssohn scored for orchestra his 
 setting of " Hear my Prayer," originally 
 written with an accompaniment for organ 
 alone. He married, in 1849, Miss Fanny 
 Arthur, a pianist and composer, born, Sep- 
 tember, 1831. Studied at first at Southampton, 
 and later under Sterndale Bennett and Thal- 
 berg. She played at Dublin in February, 
 1849 ; appeared at the matinees of the 
 Musical Union, London, June 26, 1855 ; and 
 at the New Philharmonic Concerts, June 18, 
 1856. That year she became a professor at 
 the R.I. A.M. She composed a sacred cantata, 
 "God is Love," still occasionally performed; 
 a number of pf. pieces, and some songs. She 
 died at Dublin, October 31, 1879. 
 
 Robinson, Thomas, musician of latter 
 part of 16th and beginning of 17th centuries. 
 Author of "The Schoole of Musicke; wherein 
 is taught the perfect method of true fingering 
 of the lute, pandora, orpharion, and viol-de- 
 gamba, with most infallible general rules both 
 easie and delightful : also a method how you 
 may be your own instructor for prick-song, 
 etc.," London, 1603. New Citharen Lessons, 
 with perfect tunings of the same, London, 
 1609. 
 
 Robinson, Sir William Cleaver F., 
 amateur composer, born in 1839. Fourth son 
 •of the late Admiral Sir H. Robinson, of 
 
 ROCKSTRO. 
 
 Rosmead, County IMeath, and brother of Lord 
 Rosmead (Sir Hercules Robinson). Private 
 Secretary to his brother ; Governor of West 
 Australia, 1880; South Australia, 1882; 
 Victoria, 1889; and West Australia, 1890-5, 
 when he retired, and settled in London. He 
 died there. May 2, 1897. He composed the 
 operas, " The Handsome Ransom, or the 
 Brigand's Bride," produced at Perth, Western 
 Australia, and at Melbourne, 1893; and "The 
 Nut-brown ]\Iaid," completed 1896. His 
 "Unfurl the Flag" was the first national 
 song the Australians possessed. Other of his 
 songs are : Remember me no more ; Imper- 
 fectus ; Severed ; I love thee so ; Thou art 
 my soul, etc. He was also an accomplished 
 violinist. 
 
 Robinson, Winifred, violinist, born at 
 Boston, Lincolnshire. Studied at R.A.M. 
 under Sainton. Kelsall prize holder, 1885. 
 A. R.A.M. As a youthful performer was heard 
 at the Birmingham Saturday Concerts in 
 February, 1880, and in other provincial towns. 
 In 1887 she naade a successful appearance at 
 Brunswick ; and since 1888 has given concerts 
 in London. In 1895 she organised a ladies' 
 string quartet, which has acquired a good 
 reputation in chamber music. 
 
 Roby, Arthur, organist and composer. 
 Organist and choirmaster at Stamford Hill 
 Church, London. He has composed a sacred 
 cantata, "Blind Bartimseus," produced, Octo- 
 ber 13, 1892; and two operettas, " 1990," and 
 " Won bv wit," performed at Myddleton Hall, 
 London,"'October 16, 1895. 
 
 Rock, Michael, composer and organist, 
 born in latter part of 18th century. He 
 studied under Dr. B. Cooke, and in 1802 
 became organist of St. Margaret's, West- 
 minster. He died in London, March, 1809. 
 Composer of glees, "Beneath a churchyard 
 yew," " Let the sparkling wine go round " 
 (prize, 1794), etc. 
 
 Another musician named William Rock, 
 a relative of the foregoing, was organist of 
 St. Margaret's Westminster, from 1774 to 
 1802. He composed glees, " Alone thro' un- 
 frequented wilds" [1790], etc.; songs and 
 instrumental music. 
 
 Rockstro, William Smyth, originally 
 Rackstraw, organist, composer, and writer, 
 born at North Cheam, Surrey, January 5, 
 1823. Studied under John Purkis, and later 
 with Sterndale Bennett. At the farewell 
 concert of Francois Cramer, Hano\er Square 
 Rooms, June 27, 1844, Staudigl sang a song, 
 " Soon shall chilling fear," composed by Rack- 
 straw. An overture for orchestra,, " Twelfth 
 Night," was rehearsed by the Society of 
 British Musicians, September 21 following ; 
 and a duet from an opera, " Die Weldon," 
 was given at a concert of that society, March 
 27, 1845. After that time to the middle of 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 351 
 
 RODDIE. 
 
 1846 he studied at Leipzig Conservatorium, 
 and was one of the few who enjoyed the 
 direct tuition of Mendelssohn. On his return 
 he became known as Mr. Rockstro, this being 
 an older form of the family name. He ap- 
 peared at times as a pianist, and was accom- 
 panist at the British, and " Wednesday 
 Concerts" at Exeter Hall, etc. In 1847, in 
 conjunction with J. Wrey Mould, he began 
 to edit, for Boosey and Co., a series of operas 
 in vocal score, with memoirs, and indications 
 of the instrumentation. They were the first 
 operas published in monthly parts, at a cheap 
 rate. Lived for many years at Torquay, and 
 was, from 1867, organist and honorary' pre- 
 centor at All Saints', Babbicombe. In 1876 
 he was received into the Church of Rome. 
 He conducted concerts of Italian and English 
 sacred music of 16th and 17th centuries at 
 the "Inventions" Exhibition, 1885, and, 
 returning to London in 1891, gave lectures 
 at the R.A.M. and R.C.M., at the latter 
 taking a class for plain song. In ancient 
 •ecclesiastical music he was a high authority. 
 He died in London, July 2, 1895. 
 
 Works. — Sacred cantata, The Good Shep- 
 herd, produced at Gloucester Festival, 1886 ; 
 O, too cruel fair, madrigal, five voices, Bach 
 Choir, 1884 ; ballet. Flora's Path, Bristol 
 Madrigal Society, 1891 ; Queen and Huntress, 
 A Jewel for my Lady's Ear, and other songs ; 
 overture, Nieser, orchestra, 1848 ; numerous 
 light pieces for pf. ; Festival Psalter, adapted 
 to the Gregorian Tones ; Accompanying Har- 
 monies to the Ferial Psalter ; Harmonies for 
 Additional Chants and the Ambrosial Te 
 Deum. Literary : A History of Music for 
 Young Students, 1879 ; Practical Harnionv, 
 1881 ; The Rules of Counterpoint, 1882 ; Life 
 of George Frederic Handel, London, Mac- 
 millan, 1883 ; IMendelssohn (Great Musicians 
 Series). 1884 ; A General History of Music, 
 Sampson Low, 1886 ; Jenny Lind, the Artist 
 (with Canon Scott Holland), Murray, 1891 ; 
 Jennv Lind, her Vocal Art and Culture (with 
 Otto^Goldschmidt), Novello, 1894; a long 
 series of valuable papers in Grove's Dic- 
 tionary ; contributions to the Musical Times, 
 Musical Society, and other journals. 
 
 Richard Shepherd Rockstro, his In-other, 
 is a professor of the flute at the Guildhall 
 School of ]\Iusic. He was for years in or- 
 chestras under Costa, and principal flute in 
 British Orchestral Society, 1872. Author of 
 a Treatise on the Construction, History, and 
 Practice of the Flute, London, Rudall. 1891? 
 Also of the section relating to flutes in the 
 descriptive catalogue of instruments at the 
 Military Exhibition, London, 1890, compiled 
 by Captain Day iq.v.) 
 
 Roddie, William Stewart, composer 
 and teacher, born in Glasgow, September 11, 
 1845. Brought up to the business of an 
 
 RODWELL. 
 
 engraver ; after sonae years abandoned it for 
 music, for which he had a strong predilection. 
 Received most of his musical training at the 
 Andersonian University, Glasgow, and began 
 his professional career at Perth, in 1871. In 
 1873, he removed to Inverness, where he is 
 now settled. He is choirmaster in the Free 
 High Church, conductor of the Choral Union, 
 and superintendent singing-master to the 
 School Board. He is also professor, Art of 
 Teaching, in the Tonic Sol-Fa College, 
 London. 
 
 W^ORKS. — Operettas for Children : Queen 
 of the Seasons ; Hermit's Cell ; The little 
 old Woman ; Sir Christus the CTOod ; Little 
 Folks at Play ; Norseinan and Saxon. School 
 Cantatas : The Spring-tide Holiday ; The 
 Forest Rovers ; The Sleeping Beauty ; The 
 House that Jack Built ; Valentine and Orson ; 
 Aladdin ; Ali Babu, and others. School song 
 books, action songs, part songs, etc. Trans- 
 lator of The Bohemian Girl and IMaritana 
 into Tonic Sol-fa notation. 
 
 Rodney, Paul, composer, of present time. 
 He has published a number of songs, among 
 which may be named A Dream of Bethlehem; 
 A Dream of golden days ; As once in Llay ; 
 Alone on the raft ; Emmanuel ; Thy King ; 
 On Carmel's Hill ; Calvary ; Fisher's Good- 
 bye ; In a garden of roses ; Time and Tide ; 
 Venezia, etc. 
 
 Rodwell, Anne, authoress of " The 
 Juvenile Pianist, or a mirror of music for 
 infant minds," London, 1885 ; 2nd edition, 
 1843. 
 
 Rodwell, George Herbert Bonaparte, 
 composer and dramatist, was born at London, 
 November 15, 1800. Son of Thomas Rodwell, 
 part-proprietor of the Adelphi Theatre, on 
 whose death, in IMarch, 1825, he succeeded to 
 his share in the theatre. Music-director of 
 Covent Garden , 1836. Married to IMiss Liston, 
 daughter of John Liston, the comedian. He 
 died at Pimlico, London, January 22, 1852. 
 
 Works. — Operettas, etc. : Bottle Imp, 1828 ; 
 Mason of Buda, 1828; Spring Lock, 1829; 
 Earthquake, 1829 ; Devil's Elixir, 1829 ; My 
 own lover, 1832 ; Evil eye, 1832 ; Lord of the 
 Isles, 1834; Paul Clifford, 1835; Sexton of 
 Cologne, 1836 ; Jack Sheppard, 1839 ; Grace 
 Darling ; Die Hexen am Rhien ; Sathanus ; 
 Don Quixote ; Bronze Horse ; Quasimodo 
 (from Weber's " Preciosa ") ; Last days of 
 Pompeii. Songs of the Sabbath Eve, poetry 
 by E. Fitzball. Songs of the Birds, by Fitz- 
 ball ; Six rounds, 2 books, London, n.d. 
 Royal Serenades, 3 part-songs. Songs : A cup 
 of nectar ; Awake, ye gallant sons of Greece ; 
 Banks of the blue Moselle ; Beautiful blue 
 violets ; Blind flower-girl's song ; Flower of 
 Ellerslie ; Hurrah ! for the road ; Here's a 
 health to thee, ]\Iary ; Land of the free ; 
 Muleteer ; Nix, my dolly, pals fake away ; 
 
352 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ROE. 
 
 Poor Louise ; Song of night ; Up, brothers, 
 up ; Who cares, etc. The First Rudiments 
 of Harmony, with an account of all instru- 
 ments employed in au orchestra, London, 
 1830. A Catechism on Harmony, London, 
 n.d. The Guitar, London, n.d. Edited 
 Whittaker's hand-books of musical instruction 
 [1845] . A Letter to the IMusicians of Great 
 Britain, London, 1833. Also a few novels, of 
 which "Old London Bridge" ran through 
 several editions, and was reprinted in America. 
 "The ]\Iemoirs of an Umbrella," and "Wo- 
 man's Love," are two others. He also wrote 
 farces and dramatic pieces. 
 
 Roe, John W., bass singer, who wrote a 
 number of songs for John Parry and others, 
 and did much to foster the cultivation of 
 Glees. Ho died at Hove, Brighton, March 2, 
 1853. 
 
 Roe, Richard, clergyman, vocalist, and 
 writer, who died at London, April, 1853. He 
 wrote " The Principles of Rhythm, both in 
 Speech and IMusic, especially as exhibited 
 in the mechanism of English verse," Dublin, 
 1823. 
 
 Roe, Samuel, musician, issued " Bedford- 
 shire Harmon}-, a set of original tunes," 
 London, 1825. 
 
 Roebuck, Alfred, compiler of "Old 
 Methodist Tunes, intended to illustrate a 
 lecture entitled " Stories of old IMethodist 
 hymns," Manchester, Heywuod, 1887. 
 
 Roeckel, Joseph Leopold, pianist and 
 composer, born in London, April 11, 1838. 
 Youngest son of Professor Joseph Augustus 
 Roeckel,, vocalist and operatic director 
 (1783-1870), who, in 1832, produced for the 
 first time in England, German opera in the 
 original language, Beethoven's " Fidelic," 
 May 18, etc. J. L. Roeckel studied under 
 his father ; at Wiir.zburg, with Eisenhofer ; 
 and with Johann Gotze, at Weimar. Settled 
 at Clifton, as teacher and coinposer. Has 
 been often heard as a pianist ; played at the 
 first of Mr. Riseley's Popular Concerts, Oct- 
 ober 6, 1877 ; in Birmingham the same year, 
 on tour with Pyatt's concert party, etc. He 
 has composed a great number of vocal and 
 instrumental pieces, outlined in the subjoined 
 list : — Cantatas : Fair Rosamund, produced 
 at the Crystal Palace, 1871 : Westward Ho ! ; 
 The Ten Virgins ; Ruth ; Father Christmas ; 
 The Sea Maidens; Heather Bells; Mary 
 Stuart ; La Gitana ; The Minstrel Prince ; 
 Jubilee Cantata, The Victorian Age, 1887 ; 
 Miriam ; Yule-tide chimes ; A summer Sun- 
 day morning ; The crystal slipper ; The wood- 
 land sylphs ; The angel's gift ; Merrie old 
 England ; Mountain rose ; William Tell (for 
 boys). The Christian's Armour, service of 
 song. The hours ; The silver penny, operettas 
 for children. Glees : Twilight ; Airs of sum- 
 mer ; ]\Iadeline ; In Memoriam (IMlle. Tiet- 
 
 ROGERS. 
 
 jens), etc. Dramatic scena, " Siddartha," 
 for baritone solo and orchestra, Bristol Festi- 
 val, 189G. Songs of Nature, 12 two-part- 
 songs; Two sets of five songs, op. 12, 13; 
 Lieder-album, six songs ; The scent of the 
 limes ; Can you forget ; Angus Macdonald ; 
 Won by a rose ; Storm fiend ; Sun dial ; and 
 many other songs. Suite for orchestra ; 
 pieces for violin and pf . ; Abend-Traum ; Air 
 du Dauphin ; Fete Roumaine ; Impromptu 
 caprices, 2 books ; Three Musical Sketches, 
 etc., for pf. 
 
 In 1864 he married Miss Jane Jackson, 
 pianist and composer, born at Clifton. Her 
 father — the late S. Jackson, of the old Water 
 Colour Society, and an excellent amateur 
 musician — was her first teacher ; and she 
 studied later under Pauer, Halle, Madame 
 Schumann, Blumenthal, and IMolique. Ap- 
 peared at solo pianist at concerts given by 
 Ernst Pauer in London ; and from 1862 gave 
 concerts at Clifton, playing concertos by 
 Hummel, etc., with orchestral accompani- 
 ments. Later, devoted herself chiefly to 
 teaching and coniposition, but playing occas- 
 ionally in public. On April 4, 1885, she gave 
 a concert of compositions by women. Under 
 the name of Jules de Siveai, she has pub- 
 lished Balmoral, Reverie Mazurka, Premiere 
 Tarantella, Danse Russe, and other pieces for 
 pf., several of which have been played by 
 Arabella Goddard. She has also composed 
 A Village Story, Drifting on, and numerous 
 other songs ; and is the inventor of the " Pam- 
 phonia," an appliance for learning the stave 
 and clefs. She founded, in 1889, the Teachers' 
 Provident Association, an excellent local 
 institution. 
 
 Roffe, Alfred Thomas, author of " The 
 Handbook of Shakespeare IMusic, being an 
 account of three hundred and fifty pieces of 
 music set to words taken from the plays and 
 poeins of Shakespeare, the compositions rang- 
 ing from the Elizabethan Age to the present- 
 time," London, 1878. " Ghost Belief of 
 Shakespeare," London, 1851, privately printed, 
 etc. " A musical trial from Shakespeare. . . . 
 to which is added old English singers, and 
 ]Mr. Bowman, actor, singer, etc.," London, 
 1872. 
 
 Rogers, Benjamin, composer and organ- 
 ist, born at Windsor in 1614. Son of Peter 
 Rogers, lay-clerk of St. George's Chapel. 
 Chorister under Dr. Giles, and lay-clerk, St. 
 George's Chapel, Windsor. Organist, Christ 
 Church Cathedral, Dublin, 1639. Gentleman 
 of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 1641. Music- 
 teacher in Windsor. Mus. Bac, Cantab., 
 1658. Organist of Eton College, circa 1662. 
 Reappointed lay-clerk, Windsor, 1662. Or- 
 ganist of Magdalen CoUege, Oxford, 1664-85. 
 Mus. Doc, Oxon., 1669. He died at Oxford, 
 June, 1698. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 353 
 
 ROGERS. 
 
 Works. — A set of airs in four parts, for 
 violins, 1653. Hymnus Eucharisticus, 1660. 
 Evening Service in G. Services in D, A 
 minor, E minor, and F. AtitJiems : Behold 
 now, praise the Lord ; Lord, who shall dwell ; 
 pray for the peace of Jerusalem ; Teach me, 
 O Lord ; etc., contained in the collections of 
 Boyce, Page, Ouseley, and Rimbault. Hymns, 
 songs, and instrumental pieces. 
 
 Rogers, Edmund, organist and compo- 
 ser, born at Salisbury, October 9, 1851. 
 Chorister, Salisbury Cathedral, 1860-5. Ap- 
 pointed organist of Holy Trinity, Windsor, 
 1869; St. Alban's, Holborn, London, 1870; 
 St. Thomas', Portman Square, 1871 ; and St. 
 Michael's, Paddington, 1888, to present time. 
 Conductor of IMerchant Taylors' School Choral 
 Society since 1886. His compositions are 
 well known in America and Australia as well 
 as in this country. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas: Sacred: The Pilgrim's 
 Progress, 1883 ; Footprints of the Saviour, 
 1886; The Lord of Gold, 1890; Gathered 
 Grain, 1890 ; From Cross to Crown, 1891 ; 
 A Song of Praise, 1894 ; The King of Love, 
 1896. Secular : The Bridal Lay, 1871 ; Jack 
 and the Beanstalk, 1879 ; Blue Beard, 1881 ; 
 Beauty and the Beast, 1882 ; John Gilpin, 
 1883 ; Forty Thieves, 1884 ; Bells of Elsinore, 
 female voices, 1888; Golden Fleece, 1890; 
 Golden Flower, 1892 ; Evangeline, equal 
 voices, 1895. Operettas : Elinore, or the 
 Border Bride, 1887 ; Daisy Dell, 1888 ; Prin- 
 cess Tiny Tot, 1889; The Florikins, 1892; 
 and Woodland Fairies, 1896. Mass in D ; 
 Offertory sentences ; Hymn tunes. Anthenrs, 
 songs, and part-songs. Chorus, The Crusader, 
 written for a club at Philadelphia, 1887. 
 Organ and pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Rogers, Frederick F., organist and 
 composer, born at Cheltenham in 1846. Or- 
 ganist and choirmaster, Highworth Parish 
 Church, 1863 ; Assistant organist. Parish 
 Church, Great Malvern ; and organist at the 
 College Chapel, 1865; St. Peter's, Malvern 
 Wells, 1869. Appointed manager of Steinway 
 Hall, London, 1893. 
 
 Works. — Deborah, sacred cantata, for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra ; Psalm 69 ; Festival 
 Te Deum in F ; Offertory Sentences, and 
 other church music. Cantatas for female 
 voices : The Fairy Flower, 1884 ; Silver Sails, 
 1885; Elfin Chimes, 1886; Beautiful Land, 
 1887 ; In the hayfields, 1888; The Elfin WeU, 
 1889. The Old Abbey ; Old Church Tower ; 
 Pardon ; At set of sun ; Old England's Flag ; 
 For ever ; and other songs. Pf . pieces : 
 Minuet in A ; Six Morceaux de Salon ; Gar- 
 land of favourites, 6 Nos., for young players ; 
 Albumblatt, etc. 
 
 Rogers, Jeremiah, organist and author, 
 born about 1818. He was appointed organist 
 of Doncaster Parish Church in 1835, and held 
 
 ROMAINE. 
 
 that office until his death at Doncaster, 
 January 22, 1879, aged 60. Author of a 
 History of Doncaster. 
 
 Rogers, Sir John Leman, Bart., 
 
 amateur composer, born April 18, 1780. 
 Succeeded to the baronetcy, 1797. Member 
 of the Madrigal Society, 1819. President of 
 Madrigal Society, 1820-41. He died Decem- 
 ber 10, 1847. 
 
 Works. — Sixteen glees, for three, four, 
 five, and six voices (edited by T. Oliphant), 
 London [1842] Church Service in F ; an- 
 thems, chants, and other sacred music. 
 
 Rogers, Roland, organist, conductor, 
 and composer, born at West Bromwich, Staf- 
 fordshire, November 17, 1847. Studied under 
 his father, a good violinist, and a local 
 teacher. In 1858 he was organist of St. 
 Peter's, West Bromwich, and when only 
 fifteen secured a similar appointmeiat at St. 
 John's, Wolverhampton. He moved to Tet- 
 tenhall Parish Church, in 1868, and in 1871 
 was appointed to Bangor Cathedral. There 
 he raised the musical services to a high 
 position. He resigned at the end of 1891. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac. 1870, Mus. Doc. 1875, 
 Oxford. A fine executant, he has given 
 recitals at St. George's Hall, Liverpool (a 
 series in 1890), and in other places, besides 
 annual series in Bangor Cathedral. Con- 
 ducted the Penrhyn and Arvonic Choirs, 
 winning many Eisteddfodic prizes. Is now 
 chiefly de\oted to teaching, holding a leading 
 position in Wales. His compositions com- 
 prise Psalm ] 30, for soli, chorus, and strings ; 
 Prayer and Praise, cantata, soli, eight-part 
 chorus and orchestra ; anthems and services ; 
 prize cantata. The Garden, produced at Llan- 
 dudno, June 30, 1896 ; Florabel, cantata for 
 female voices ; school songs, part-songs, and 
 songs ; symphony for orchestra; string quintet ; 
 organ pieces, etc. 
 
 Rogers, Rev. Thomas, clergyman and 
 author. Was Choral Scholar, New College, 
 Oxford, 1859-63. Graduated M.A., Oxford, 
 1864; M.A., Durham, 1882; Mus. Doc, 
 honoris eausd, Durham, 1882. Minor Canon, 
 1864-84 ; Precentor, 1872-84, Durham Cathe- 
 draL Occasionally conducted concerts at 
 Durham, to 1884. Precentor, Chelmsford 
 Association of Church Choirs, 1884. Vicai? 
 of Roxwell, Essex. Has published church 
 music, hymn tunes, introits, etc. ; also songs 
 and part songs. Author of "Musical Art: 
 its Influence on Religious Life and Thought, 
 1883 ; " Church music in rural districts," 
 1886. 
 
 Rollinson, Matthew, violinist, teacher 
 and conductor, born about 1806. He was 
 well known in Yorkshire as a performer, and 
 in Huddersfield as a teacher. He died 
 October 6, 1874, aged 68. 
 
 Romaine, Rev. William, clergyman 
 
354 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ROMANZINI. 
 
 and writer, 1714-1795. Author of " An Essay 
 on Psalmody, by W. R.," London, 1775. 
 
 Romanzini, Maria T., see Bland, 
 ]Maria T. 
 
 Romer, Emma, soprano vocalist, born in 
 1814. She studied under Sir George Smart, 
 and made her debut at Covent Garden Theatre, 
 London, in 1830. Sang in English Opera 
 House, etc. Appeared chiefly in English 
 operas, which she produced at the Surrey 
 Theatre, London. She was married to a Mr. 
 Almond. She died at Margate, April 11, 
 1868. 
 
 Romer, Francis, writer and composer, 
 born in London, August 5, 1810. Member 
 of the music-publishing firm of Hutchings 
 and Romer. He died at INIalvern, July 1, 
 1889. Father of Mr. Justice Romer. Com- 
 posed Pridolin, opera, 1840 ; The Pacha's 
 Bridal, opera, 1836 ; Mountain maidens, can- 
 tata ; IMusical Readings of H. W. Longfellow's 
 Poetry, 1852-61, issued in parts. Songs : Six 
 songs [1853] ; Day dreams, Fair Chloris, I 
 joyfully carol, I've watched with thee. Maiden 
 of the sunny clime. Now smiling comes the 
 joyous spring, 0, mother, hear thy poor blind 
 child. The lay of the chimes ; Part-music for 
 three and four voices, etc. " The Physiology 
 of the Human Voice," London, 1845 and 1850. 
 School of Singing, London [1861] . 
 
 Romer, Thomas, tenor singer, who sang 
 iinder the name of T. R. Travers, was born 
 at Liverpool in 1817 ; died at London, May 
 20, 1855, aged 38. 
 
 His sister Annie (Mrs. William Brough) 
 was a soprano singer. She was born in 1829, 
 and died at London, February 1, 1852, aged 
 23. Made her stage debut at the Adelphi 
 Theatre, Liverpool, Sex^tember 30, 1846. 
 
 Charles Romer (a relative ?) was singing 
 in London at concerts in 1844, and was well 
 spoken of. 
 
 Ronald, Landon, pianist and composer, 
 born in London, June 7, 1873. When a child 
 studied pianoforte under Ad. Schloesser and 
 Carlo Albanesi. Scholar, R.C.M., studying 
 under Franklin Taylor, Dr. Hubert Parry, R. 
 Gompertz, and Dr. Bridge. Shewed extra- 
 ordinary talent as a pianist, and appeared in 
 public in 1887 ; but turned later to composition 
 and conducting. Was pianist on tour with 
 "L'Enfant Prodigue " company, 1891. En- 
 gaged as conductor at Drury Lane, in opera, 
 April, 1896. He has composed an operetta, 
 "Did you ring?" produced by the Grosvenor 
 Club, November 29, 1892, and is understood 
 to have in hand an opera on a large scale. 
 His published songs include : The Future 
 (composed at the age of eight) ; I love Thee ; 
 When the Lamp is shattered ; Love in absence ; 
 and others. Pf . pieces : Une Idde ; Ballade, 
 etc. Part composer of music to "The Little 
 Genius," Shaftesbury Theatre, 1896. 
 
 ROOTSEY. 
 
 Rooke, William Michael, or Rourke, 
 composer, born at Dublin, September 29, 
 1794. He was self-taught in music, with the 
 exception of a few lessons from Dr. Cogan. 
 Chorus-master and deputy-leader at Crow 
 Street Theatre, Dublin, 1817. He settled in 
 England, and became chorus-master at Drury 
 Lane Theatre, London ; leader at Vauxhall, 
 under Bishop, and teacher of singing. He 
 died at London, October 14, 1847. 
 
 Works. — Operas: Amilie, or the Love 
 Test, London, 1837 ; Henrique, or the Love 
 Pilgrim, London, 1839 ; Cagliostro, opera 
 (MS.) ; The Valkyrie, opera (MS.) ; Overture 
 for orchestra ; Polonaise for violin ; Farewell 
 merry maids (chorus). Songs: Little Cupid 
 once tapped at a maiden's heart ; Hark the 
 echo. Pf. music, etc. 
 
 Rookford, Rudolph, see Crawford, 
 William. 
 
 Rootham, Daniel Wilberforce, baritone 
 vocalist and conductor, born at Cambridge, 
 August 15, 1837. His father, Daniel Rootham, 
 was a bass singer in the choir of Trinity 
 College, Cambridge, from 1815, until his death 
 in 1852. At eight years of age the son was 
 admitted a chorister at Trinity and St. John's 
 Colleges. Studied under his father, and for 
 five years with Dr. T. A. Walmisley. On the 
 death of his father he removed to Bristol, and 
 was appointed a lay-clerk at the Cathedral. 
 After this time he studied singing under 
 Schira. In 1865 he succeeded J. D. Corfe, 
 the cathedral organist, as conductor of the 
 celebrated Bristol Madrigal Society, and in 
 1878 was appointed conductor of the Bristol 
 Festival Choir, retaining these positions to 
 the present time, with that of chorus-master 
 at the Bristol Festivals. Was engaged in 
 concert singing to about 1870 ; and was 
 organist at St. Peter's, Clifton Wood, 1866, 
 giving up his cathedral appointment in 1877. 
 His time is now chiefly devoted to voice 
 training ; and being an accomplished linguist 
 and elocutionist, he has been engaged for 
 lectures on voice management at Wells Theo- 
 logical College, and elsewhere. 
 
 His daughter, Mabel Margaret Rootham, 
 was the first Bristol Scholar at the R.C.M., 
 where she studied pf. under Franklin Taylor, 
 and violin with R. Gompertz. She made a 
 successful debut at Victoria Rooms, Clifton, 
 October 9, 1891, and is now pianist of the 
 Popular Chamber Concert Society, Bristol, 
 and engaged in teaching pf. and violin. 
 
 Samuel Rootham, brother of D. F., tenor 
 vocalist, was in the choir of Bristol Cathedral 
 for many years from 1851. He is musical 
 instructor at the Blind Asylum, Bristol, and 
 conductor of the Redland Park Hall Band. 
 In a quiet unobtrusive way he has done much 
 good work. 
 
 Rootsey, S., author of " An attempt to 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 355 
 
 ROSA. 
 
 simplify the Notation of Music, together with 
 au account of that now in use. . . .," London, 
 1811. 
 
 Rosa, see Paeepa-Rosa. 
 
 Rose, Algernon S., writer on music, 
 and composer, born in London, January 27, 
 1859. Educated at Broadstairs, Kent, and at 
 Stuttgart and Yverdon, Switzerland. Studied 
 pf. under Buttschardt, and Carl Hause, and 
 violin under Kettenus. In business connection 
 with the house of Broadwood & Sons, he has 
 twice travelled round the world. F.R.G.S. ; 
 Fellow of the Philharmonic Society ; and 
 Liveryman of the Musicians' Company. Hon. 
 Sec, Westminster Orchestral Society. Author 
 of " Talks with Bandsmen : a popular hand- 
 book for brass instrumentalists," London, 
 Rider ; " Greater Britain, musically con- 
 sidered," a paper read at the Dublin Confer- 
 ence (1895) of the Incorporated Society of 
 Musicians ; Contributions to the musical 
 press. Composer of the " Queen's March 
 Past," the regimental march of the Queen's 
 Westminster Volunteers ; Waltzes, " C'est 
 Moi," and " Chimes," for pf., and also for 
 orchestra. 
 
 Rose, Henry Robert, organist, born at 
 Bedford, ^lay 6, 1855. Son of Robert Rose, 
 many years organist of St. Paul's, Bedford, 
 Studied at R.A.M., under G. A. ]Macfarren, 
 Dr. Steggall, and others, from 1872. Second 
 Read Prizeholder, 1879, for a quartet for pf. 
 and strings. In 1880 he was appointed organist 
 of St. Pancras Church, in succession to Henry 
 Smart, a position he still holds. He has 
 given organ recitals at 'Bow and Bromley 
 Institute, from 1883, etc. Is a Fellow of 
 R.A.]\I., and professor of the organ at that 
 Institution. In 1880 he married Miss Clara 
 Samuell, the soprano vocalist. She was 
 born at IManchester, August 29, 1857. Studied 
 in that city under Henry Wilson ; later at 
 Milan ; and in 1876 gained the Parepa-Rosa 
 Scholarship at R.A.jM., and the Parepa-Rosa 
 Prize in 1880. Elected an Associate, 1881. 
 She has sung at the principal London and 
 provincial concerts ; at the Crystal Palace ; 
 and is an Associate of the Philharmonic 
 Society. 
 
 Rosen, Lina, see sub., Balfe, Michael W. 
 
 Rosingrave, Daniel, or Roseingrave, 
 organist, who was a chorister in the Chapel 
 Royal, and a pupil of Purcell, and Blow. He 
 w^as successively organist of Winchester Cathe- 
 dral, 1681; Salisbury Cathedral, 1693-98; 
 organist and vicar-choral, St. Patrick's Cathe- 
 dral, Dublin, June 9, 1698-1727 ; organist 
 and stipendiary of Christ Church, Dublin, 
 November 11, 1698. He died at Dublin, in 
 ]\Iay, 1727. His son, Ralph, became vicar- 
 choral of St. Patrick's Cathedral, 1719; 
 organist there, and of Christ Church, 1727, 
 which post he held tiU his death at Dublin, 
 
 ROSS. 
 
 in October, 1747. Thomas, another son, was 
 born at Dublin, and was educated by his 
 father. He studied at Rome, at the expense 
 of the Dean and Chapter of St. Patrick's 
 Cathedral, 1710. Conaposer at the King's 
 Theatre, London, 1720. Organist of St. 
 George's, Hanover Square, 1725-87. He died 
 insane, at London [1750] . He published 
 " Voluntarys and Fugues, made on purpose 
 for the organ or harpsichord," London [1730] . 
 " Twelve solos for the German flute, with a 
 thorough-bass for the harpsichord," n.d. ; 
 "Eight suites of lessons for the harpsichord 
 or spinnet in most of the keys," London 
 [1720] ; Concerto for harpsichord ; Six double 
 Fugues for organ or harpsichord [1750] ; 
 Twelve solos for a German flute [1730] ; Six 
 Cantatas, with accompaniments. .. .London, 
 n.d.; "Narcissus," opera by D. Scarlatti, 
 adapted for the English stage, with additional 
 songs, 1720 ; A collection of forty-two suites 
 of Lessons, bj' D. Scarlatti, with an introduc- 
 tion. Also some anthems, Italian songs, etc. 
 
 Ross, John, organist and composer, born 
 at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, October 12, 1763. 
 He studied music under Hawdou. In 1783 
 he became organist of St. Paul's Church, 
 Aberdeen. He died at Craigie Park, Aber- 
 deen, July 28, 1837. 
 
 Works. — Six concertos, for pf. and or- 
 chestra ; Seven sets of 3 sonatas, for pf., op. 5, 
 31, 45, etc. ; Three sonatas, for pf. and flute 
 or violin, op. 16 ; Four sets of six waltzes, for 
 pf., op. 9, etc. ; Duets for pf., op. 26, etc. 
 Ode to Charity, for solo, chorus, and organ ; 
 Six hymns, for 3 voices and organ ; Two books 
 of 6 canzonets, for voice and pf., op. 18, etc. ; 
 A select collection of ancient and modern 
 Scottish airs, adapted for the voice, with 
 introductory and concluding symphonies and 
 accompaniments for the pianoforte, Edin- 
 burgh, 1792, 3 vols. Fifteen songs, written 
 by Burns and Rannie, composed with accom- 
 paniments for the pf., violin or German flute, 
 op. 11, TiOndon, n.d. Sacred Slusic, con- 
 sisting of chants, psalms, and hymns, London, 
 n.d. A complete Book of Instructions for 
 beginners on the harpsichord or pianoforte, 
 to which is added a select set of airs, Scots 
 songs, and lessons, London, 1820. Songs: 
 Aberdeen volunteers (Ewen) ; Ance I was as 
 blythe ; Braes of Ballochmyle ; Come, Cyn- 
 thia ; The Coronach ; Ellen of the Dee ; 
 Maid of Seaton Yale ; Valley of Clyde, etc. 
 
 Ross, Roger Rowson, amateur musician, 
 born at Montrose, August 25, 1817. Resident 
 in Manchester, and has taken an active in- 
 terest in music by founding two scholarships 
 at the Roj'al Academy of Music, one for the 
 study of sacred vocal music, and the other 
 for performers on wind instruments. Com- 
 poser and adapter of various hymns, etc., for 
 the Church service. 
 
356 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY, 
 
 ROSS. 
 
 Ross, Robert, musician, born in 1748. 
 He was a music-seller in Edinburgh, and 
 carried on business at the back of the Foun- 
 tain Well, and afterwards at the head of 
 Carrubbers' Close. He gave public concerts 
 in Edinburgh, and retired about 1805. He 
 died at Edinburgh in 1808, aged 60. Com- 
 piler of " A Choice Collection of Scots Reels, 
 or country dances and strathspeys, with a 
 bass for the violincello or harpsichord," 
 Edinburgh, 1780. 
 
 Ross, William, piper, was born in Ross- 
 shire, about 1815, and died at Windsor, in 
 August, 1891. In 1839 he joined the 42nd 
 Highland Regiment, and remained in it till 
 1854, when he was appointed pix^er to the 
 Queen. He issued a " Collection of Pipe 
 Music," 1869, and another edition, " with an 
 essay on the Bagpipes and its music, by the 
 Rev. Dr. Norman Macleod " [1876] ; 3rd 
 edition, 1885. 
 
 ■ Rosse, Jeanie, Mrs. H. A. Quinton, 
 contralto vocalist, born at Notting Hill, 
 London, July 29, 1860. Received her first 
 musical training at Madame Sainton-Dolby's 
 Academy, afterwards studying under Ran- 
 degger and W. Shakespeare ; also studied 
 opera under Tramezzani, of the Naples Con- 
 servatoire, and declamation and acting under 
 Edmund Russell. While still a pupil of 
 Madame Dolby, she made her debut at the 
 Crystab Palace Concerts, and later had many 
 engagements in London and the chief pro- 
 vincial cities. In June, 1888, she made her 
 first appearance on the stage at St. George's 
 Hall, London, as Nancy, in "Martha." The 
 next year she joined the Carl Rosa Opera 
 Company, but remained only a short time ; 
 on her marriage settling in Dublin, where, 
 1891, she was appointed a professor of the 
 Royal Irish Academy of Music. There she 
 successfully conducts a declamation class, 
 and also holds appointments at Loretto 
 Abbey and other institutions. 
 
 Rossetor, Philip, lute-player and com- 
 poser of the first part of the 17th century. 
 Published " A Booke of Ayres, set foorth to 
 be song to the Lute, Orpherian, and Base 
 Violl," London, 1601 ; "Lessons for Consort, 
 made by sundry excellent authors, and set to 
 sixc several instruments, namely the Treble 
 lute, Treble violl, Bass violl, Bandora, Cit- 
 terne, and the Flute," London, 1609. 
 
 Rothwell, Alexander, flute player and 
 writer, of latter part of the 17th century. 
 Author of " The Compleat Instructor for the 
 Flute, containing very plain and easie direc- 
 tions for beginners, with variety of newest 
 tunes, .and flourishes in every key." London, 
 [1698]. 
 
 Rousbey, Arthur, baritone vocalist, 
 studied in Italy under Sangiovanni, and in 
 London under T. A. Wallworth. First sang 
 
 ROWLAND. 
 
 in opera in Charles Durand's Company, then 
 from 1878 appeared in a round of characters 
 in the Gilbert-Sullivan operas, in London, 
 the provinces, and America. In 1884 he sang 
 in Nessler's " Piper of Hamelin," at Covent 
 Garden ; and subsequently in Italian opera, 
 in "Rigoletto," etc. He has also been heard 
 in concerts in various places. About 1888 he 
 organised an opera company of his own, 
 which has appeared in every important town 
 in the United Kingdom, and has had several 
 successful seasons in London. He produced, 
 for the first time on any stage, Daniele 
 Pellegrini's opera, " Mercedes," at Dublin, 
 January 11, 1896 ; and has given, with ex- 
 cellent ensemble, a large number of standard 
 works. 
 
 Rowbotham, John Frederick, author 
 and composer, born in Edinburgh, April 18, 
 1854. Only son of the late Rev. Frederick 
 Rowbotham, Incumbent of St. James's, Edin- 
 burgh. Educated at Edinburgh Academy, 
 and Rossall School. Proceeding to Oxford, he 
 gained the Balliol Scholarship when eighteen, 
 and also took a first class in classics, and the 
 Taylorian Scholarship for Italian. Travelled 
 on the continent to collect materials for his 
 History of Music. Studied music while at 
 Oxford, and afterwards at Berlin, at the 
 Stern Conservatorium for three years, with 
 further study at Paris, Dresden, and Vienna. 
 He has composed a Mass for double-chorus 
 and orchestra ; three songs to words by Alfred 
 Musset ; songs, various, etc. Author of "A 
 History of Music," 3 vols. London, Triibner, 
 1885-7; "How to write Music correctlv." 
 London, Upcott Gill, 1889; "Private Life" of 
 Great Composers," Isbister, 1892; "The 
 Troubadours, and the Courts of Love," Swan 
 Sonnenschein, 1895. Contributed the musical 
 articles to Chambers's Encyclopeedia, and 
 many papers to the Nineteenth Century, 
 National Revieiu, BlachiooocV s Magazine, and 
 others, and also to the musical press. Author 
 of poetical works, " The Death of Roland," 
 1886; and "The Human Einc," 1890, both 
 published by Triibner. 
 
 Rowden, George Croke, amateur musi- 
 cian and clergynran, born in 1820. He was 
 hon. precentor of Chichester Cathedral from 
 1859. Died, April 17, 1863. Founder of 
 Chichester Choir Association. Composer of 
 a magnificat and nunc dimittis, and other 
 church music; "Return of May," "Sweet 
 evening hour," and various other glees, 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Rowland, Alexander Campbell, double- 
 bass player, violinist, and composer, born at 
 Trinidad, January 1, 1826. His father was a 
 fine clarinet player, and a band-master who 
 served through the Peninsular campaign. 
 The son, while an infant, was brought to 
 Bath, and, when about six years old, received 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 357 
 
 ROWLEY. 
 
 violin lessons from John Loder. Before he 
 was seven, he entered the orchestra of the 
 Queen's Theatre, London ; and also played 
 the side-drum at the Promenade and other 
 concerts. He learnt scoring from Waetzig, 
 bandmaster of the Life Guards, and in 1846, 
 Joegan the study of the double-bass under 
 Casolani, becoming one of tlie most remark- 
 able performers on that instrument. Played 
 cornet, drum, or viola in Jullien's band, 
 1842-6. Joined the Philharmonic orchestra 
 in 1849, and was also in Royal Italian Opera, 
 Sacred Harmonic, and j^riucipal Festival 
 bauds. In 1854, he went to reside at South- 
 hampton as music teacher, but continued his 
 work in the Philharmonic Society until 1866, 
 when Sterndale Bennett resigned the con- 
 ductorship. At the Philharmonic concert, 
 April 29, 1861, he played Mayseder's Violin 
 Concerto, op. 40, on the double-bass. At 
 Southampton, he conducted choral and or- 
 chestral societies, and did much valuable 
 work. When sixty years old, he entered the 
 examination for A.R.C.M., and passed with 
 honours in seven subjects. He retired from 
 active work in 1893, and died at Southampton, 
 August, 1896. 
 
 Works. — Ps. 70, for voices and orchestra ; 
 Overture, orchestra ; Set of Waltzes, for pf. 
 and orchestra ; original air in C, double-bass 
 and i^f. Various works in IMS. Blessed be 
 the Lord ; IMoonrise ; INIorning thoughts ; 
 and other songs. Course of Exercises in part- 
 singing, Stanley Lucas. Author of a Method 
 for the Double-Bass, in Two Parts, originally 
 published by Lamborn Cock. 
 
 Rowley, Christopher Edward, com- 
 poser and organist, born in Manchester, 
 January 5, 1840. Studied pf. and organ 
 under George Grundy, of IManchester ; har- 
 mony and counterpoint with H. C. Banister. 
 Appointed, when nineteen, organist and 
 choirmaster, Christ Church, Harpurhey ; 
 since 1885, has held a similar post at St. 
 Augustine's, Pendlebury. Has formed and 
 trained many of the voluntary choirs in 
 Manchester and district, and in 1879, founded 
 the Musical Union bearing his name, a Society 
 that has produced many operas, with stage 
 accessories, as well as the principal oratorios 
 and cantatas. Is now chiefly engaged as a 
 voice trainer. 
 
 Works.- Operas.- The Dragcn of Wahtley 
 (1881); Eulahe (1887); The Early English 
 Ring, now called Robinson's Craze (1890, 
 produced, Manchester, 1891J ; Tilburina, or, 
 The Spanish Armada (1894). Cantata, Dold- 
 rum, the Manager (1885). Anthems, Com- 
 munion Service in P, Twelve Songs (1891), 
 songs, duets, glees, and part-songs. Romance 
 and Scherzo, wind quintet. Contributions 
 on musical topics to tlie local press ; now en- 
 gaged on an important work on voice-training. 
 
 RUSSELL. 
 
 Rowton, Rev. Samuel James, clergy- 
 man and musician, born in London, July 3, 
 1844. Musical training private. M.A., 1874, 
 University College, Durham ; Mus. Bac, 
 1889; Mus. Doc, 1890, Dubhn ; Mus. Doc, 
 1891, ad etmclern, Durham. Organist and 
 director of the music at Royal Medical College, 
 Epsom, from 1872. He has set Cardinal 
 Newman's "Dream of Gerontius," for soli, 
 eight and twelve-part chorus, and orchestra ; 
 and has published some hymns, songs, and 
 pf. pieces. 
 
 Rudd,HenryWilliam Kingston, pianist 
 and organist, born at Norwich, May 27, 1850. 
 Began his studies at the age of six, under his 
 father, Henry Rudd, a musician of repute 
 in the Eastern Counties. Later he received 
 instruction from Charles Halle. When ten 
 years old he was appointed organist of Int- 
 wood Church, near Norwich ; then of Thorpe 
 Parish Church ; and in 1870, organist and 
 director of the choir of St. Andrew's, Nor- 
 wich, offices he still holds. As a pianist he 
 appeared with great success at the Norwich 
 Festivals of 1872, and 1878, playing in each 
 portions of concertos by Benedict. In 1882 
 he was heard at the Wednesday Concerts at 
 the Crystal Palace. He has conducted the 
 Norwich Gate House Choir, since 1872, and 
 given important concerts, the first artists 
 being associated with him in classical works. 
 
 Rush, George, composer of last half of 
 the 18th century. He composed music for 
 The capricious lovers [1764] ; and the Royal 
 Shepherd. Also, Concertos for the harp- 
 sichord [1785] ; Six easy lessons for the 
 harpsichord, calculated for the improvement 
 of young practicioners, London [1770] ; 
 Sonatas for pf. or harpsichord ; Concertos 
 for pf., violin, and 'cello; Sonatas for the 
 guitar. 
 
 Russell, George, pianist, who was a 
 man of mark and promise in his earlier 
 years. When eight years old he appeared at 
 a concert with Liszt, at H.M. Theatre, Lon- 
 don, and afterwards appeared at a concert of 
 Alfred Mellon's, in the Floral Hall. He died 
 at Croydon, November 12, 1889. 
 
 Russell, Henry, vocalist and composer, 
 born at Sheerness, Kent, December 24, 1812. 
 Began his nrusical studies before he was six, 
 and was then placed under M. 0. King. 
 Sang at the Surrey Theatre in " The Nightin- 
 gale and the Ra\en," and "The Swiss 
 Family," when eight years old, in a children's 
 opera company formed by Elliston. Went to 
 Italy in 1825, becoming an out-door student 
 at the Conservatorio, Bologna, and afterwards 
 studied for four months with Rossini at 
 Naples. Was Maestro de piano in opera at 
 Varesi, with Balfe in the company. Re- 
 turning to England, he was for a time chorus 
 master at Her Majesty's Theatre. In 1833 
 
358 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 RUSSELL. 
 
 went to Canada, and also toured through the 
 United States. While there he composed 
 his first song, Mackay's " Wind of tlie Winter 
 Night." On his return to England in 1841 
 he first went on a tour with Beale for six 
 months, and March 8, 1842, commenced his 
 own vocal entertainment at the Hanover 
 Square Rooms. The Gambler's Wife, The 
 Ship on Fire, The Maniac, and other of his 
 songs soon became as familiar as household 
 words. Then followed provincial tours, the 
 success of which was unprecedented. Later, 
 with Dr. Mackay, he formulated the enter- 
 tainment, " The Far West ; or, the Emi- 
 grant's Progress from the Old World to the 
 New," with scenery painted by Mills. This 
 was also universally popular. He retired 
 from public life about 1865. His songs 
 reached the number of about 800, and Long- 
 fellow, Dickens, Eliza Cook, and Charles 
 Mackay were the principal writers whose 
 lyrics he set. A few may be named : Wreck 
 of the Hesperus ; Chieftain's Daughter ; 
 Canadian Song ; Ivy Green ; Old Sexton ; 
 Old arm chair ; Cheer, boys, cheer ; To the 
 West ; Far, far upon the Sea ; Song of the 
 Raft ; Signal Gun ; Woodman, spare that 
 tree. To these may be added A Series of 
 Songs from Scott's "Lady of the Lake;" 
 Scripture Melodies ; Dramatic Scenes ; Can- 
 tatas, etc., with a Llemoir, London, 1846 ; 
 Copyright Songs, 2 vols., 1860 ; L'Amico dei 
 Cantanti ; The Singer's Friend, a Treatise on 
 the art of Singing. His last composition was 
 a Jiibilee song, " Our Empress Queen," for 
 1887. In 1889, by authority of the Admiralty, 
 " A Life on the Ocean Wave " was to be used 
 by the Royal ]\Iarines as their regimental 
 march. A " Henry Russell " night took place 
 at Covent Garden^Theatre, October 12, 1891, 
 under the late Sir Aiigustus Harris's manage- 
 ment. His songs were sung, and the vener- 
 able composer was called upon for a speech. 
 " Truly a remarkable occasion, and one not 
 unworthy of a remarkable man." In 1895 
 Mr. Russell published Cheer, boys, cheer ; 
 Memories of Men and Music, London, Mac- 
 queen. 
 
 William Clark Russell, born at New 
 York, February 24, 1844, whose novels of the 
 sea have obtained great popularity, is his son. 
 "The Wreck of the Grosvenor," "Mj^ Ship- 
 mate Louise," " Marooned," and " Convict 
 Ship " are anaong some of his most popular 
 tales. He has composed and published a 
 few songs. 
 
 Russell, Mrs. J., see Huddart, Fanny. 
 
 Russell, William, organist and com- 
 poser, born at London, October 6, 1777. Son 
 of an organ-builder. He studied under 
 Shrubsole, Arnold, etc. Deputy organist of 
 St. Mary, Aldermanbury, 1789-93 ; Chapel of 
 Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, 
 
 SAFFERY. 
 
 1793-98 ; St. Ann's, Limehouse, 1798 ; Found- 
 ling Hospital, 1801. Pianist at Sadler's Wells 
 Theatre, 1800, and he held a similar post at 
 Covent Garden, 1801. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 
 1808. He died at London, November 21, 
 1813. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios : Job, with organ ac- 
 companiments, by S. Wesley (1826) ; The 
 Deliverance of Israel ; The Redemption. Mass 
 in C minor, for four voices. Operas : Adrian 
 and Orilla, 1800 ; False Friend, 1809 ; Harle- 
 quin and Time ; Highland Camp ; Loa ; 
 Rugantino ; St. George ; Wild Islanders, 
 1807; Wizard's Wake, 1801. Odes: To 
 music ; Genius of Handel ; St. Cecilia's Day 
 (Smart) ; To Harmony. Glees and Songs. 
 IPsalms, Hymns, and Anthems for the Found- 
 ling Chapel, London, 1809. Six Anthems, 
 adapted from the works of Haydn, etc.,. .. . 
 and a morning and evening service composed 
 by the late William Russell,. .. .arranged by 
 William Patten. Services and anthems. 
 March, composed for the Guildford Volun- 
 teers [1795] ; Twelve voluntaries for the 
 organ or pf. [1810.] He arranged Bingiey's 
 Welsh Airs, 1810, etc. 
 
 Rutherford, David, musician of the 18th 
 century. Author of "Art of Playing on the 
 Violin, showing how to stop every note 
 exactly . . " London, n.d. ; "Gentleman's Pocket- 
 Guide for the German Flute, with some 
 agreeable Lessons . . " " Ladies' Pocket Guide 
 for the Guitar.." " Compleat collection of 
 112 of the most celebrated minuets with their 
 basses, .proper for German flute, violin, or 
 harpsichord." London [1775-80] , 2 vols. 
 Compleat collection of 200 country dances." 
 London, 1705, 2 vols. 
 
 Ryan, Michael Desmond, dramatic 
 and musical writer, born at Kilkenny, March 
 3, 1816. Educated at Edinburgh University. 
 Engaged as musical and dramatic critic on 
 staff of The Morning Post, Mortiing Herald, 
 and Standard. Sub-editor of Musical World. 
 He died at London, December 8, 1868. Author 
 of the libretto of Macfarren's "Charles II.,'* 
 and words for various musical works by 
 Crouch, Loder, Mori, etc. His son, Desmond 
 LuMLEY Ryan, born at London in 1851, was 
 for a time musical critic of the Standard', 
 editor of The Gem, until 1885, etc. He died 
 at London, November 29, 1888. Composed a 
 toy symphony for pf. strings and 15 toy in- 
 striunents, 1885 ; pf. music and songs. 
 Librettist of Heap's "Maid of Astolat" 
 [1886], " Fair Rosamond," etc. 
 
 Saffery, Eliza, Mrs. Henry Shelton, 
 composer of early part of the present century. 
 Composer of Reminiscences of a Minstrel, 
 ten songs by E. Ryan [1832] ; Hours of 
 melody, songs [1836]. Songs: Broken vow; 
 I love thee, native land ; Old yew tree ; 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 359 
 
 SAHASRABADHE. 
 
 Rover's return ; Sailor's grave. Arrangements 
 and other works for pf. 
 
 Osmond Saffery, probably a brother or 
 other relative of the above, issued " An in- 
 troduction to Music, with a variety of pro- 
 gressive lessons, .on the pf.," Loudon [1800]. 
 " A select collection of Psalms, as sung at 
 Ramsgate Chapel," Loudon, 1836. College 
 hornpipe for pf. ; Reels, dance music, etc. 
 
 Sahasrabadhe, B. T., author of " Hindu 
 Music and the Gayan Samaj," containing 
 notes on the recent revival of Indian music, 
 Poona, 1888. 
 
 St. George, C, musician, editor of "Mona 
 Melodies, a collection of ancient and original 
 airs of the Isle of Man, arranged for the 
 voice with a pianoforte accompaniment by 
 an Amateur, the words by Mr. J. Barrow, 
 edited by C. St. George," London, 1820. 
 
 Saint=Qeorge, George, violinist, com- 
 poser, and performer on the viola d'amore, 
 born at Leipzig, of English parents, November 
 6, 1841. Studied at Dresden, and under 
 Moritz Mildner, at Prague. He finally settled 
 in London, and devoted himself to teaching 
 and composition. Taking a great interest in 
 antique stringed instruments, he has, with 
 his son (noticed below), given concerts, the 
 two performing on the viola d'amore and 
 viola da gamba, not only ancient music, but 
 modern works as showing the true capacity 
 of those instruments. At a concert given in 
 Steinway Hall, London, November 14, 1895, 
 Bach's Concerto for two violas, with strings 
 and pf. (No. G, of the Brandenburg Concerti 
 Grossi), was performed for the first time in 
 England. IMr. Saint-George is an entlmsiastic 
 violin maker, and devotes his leisure to that 
 art with great success. In 1896 he finished a 
 Viola da Cxamba, with dolphin head and 
 inlaid finger board and tail-piece, probably 
 the first made in this century. His com- 
 positions include an overture, " Spring's 
 Awakening"; Suite in D, op. 20; Suite in 
 B flat, " Rose, Shamrock and Thistle," in 
 which Britisli National dance forms are 
 employed ; and other works for orchestra. 
 A large number of pieces for violin ; Roman- 
 esca, dedicated to Joachim ; L'Ancien Regime, 
 petite suite ; Elegy ; Pieces, op. 24, 25, 26, 
 etc. Also songs. 
 
 Henry Saint-George, son of the pre- 
 ceding, was born in London, September 26, 
 1866. He was chiefly educated in music by 
 his father, and is a violinist and performer 
 on the viola da gamba, showing equal skill 
 on both instruments. He has composed an 
 opera, a pf. concerto, sonatas for violin and 
 pf., songs, etc., but nearly all are as yet in 
 MS. An artist of culture he has contributed 
 many articles to The Strad, and other 
 j-ournals. 
 
 Saint=John, Florence, the stage name 
 
 SALAMAN. 
 
 of Miss Maggie Greig, vocalist and actress, 
 born at Kirkcaldy. Taught by her father, 
 she began by singing suitable soi:igs at dio- 
 ramic entertainments. Appeared as a vocalist 
 and pianist at a concert at Plymouth. Toured 
 with the "Cloches de Corneville " company, 
 1878 ; made her first London appearance in 
 "Madame Favart," Strand Theatre, 1879; 
 sang in a round of Offenbach, and other 
 operas. Has visited America several times. 
 Joined the Gaiety, 1888, in " Faust ap to 
 date." Has also sung in concerts. Her latest 
 character is that of Paolo in " The Little 
 Geniits." 
 
 Sainton = Dolby, Charlotte Helen, 
 born Dolby, composer and contralto vocalist, 
 born at London, May 17, 1821. She studied 
 at the R.A.M. from 1832 under J. Bennett, 
 Elliott, and Crivelli, and gained the King's 
 Scholarship in 1837. Member of R.A.M. 
 She first appeared as a public singer abotit 
 
 1840, and sang at a Philharmonic Concert in 
 
 1841. She also sang in oratorio and ballad 
 music till 1846, when she appeared at a 
 Gewandhaus concert in Leipzig, in Mendel- 
 ssohn's "Elijah," the contralto part of which 
 was specially written for her voice. She 
 afterwards made concert tours in France and 
 Holland. In 1860 she married M. Prosper 
 Sainton. From thence onwards to 1870, 
 when she retired, she appeared at all the 
 most important concerts in Britain, and 
 became one of the most popular and successful 
 contraltos of her period. She established in 
 London a Vocal Academy, 1872, in which 
 many promising vocalists have been trained. 
 Her last public appearance as a vocalist was 
 made at her husband's farewell concert, in 
 Jime, 1883. She died at London, February 
 18, 1885. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas: Legend of St. Dorothea, 
 London, 1876 ; Story of the Faithful Soul, 
 1879 ; Florimel, female voices, 1885. Songs : 
 A stream of golden sunshine ; A-sailing we 
 will go ; Bonnie Dundee ; Coming home ; 
 Charlie yet ; Come forth, my love ; Drummer's 
 song; The G.L.O.V.E. ; Heigho ! Janet; In 
 August ; Is it for ever ? ; I love her ; Lady's 
 yes ; My Donald ; Marjorie's ahnanack : My 
 love he stands upon the quay ; Never again ; 
 Watching and waiting ; While I listen to thy 
 voice. Tutor for English Singers, a complete 
 course of practical instructions in singing, 
 London, n.d. 
 
 Saintwix, Thomas, musician of the 15th 
 century, who was one of the earliest doctors 
 of music. In 1463 he was made blaster of 
 King's Hall, Cambridge, by Edward IV. He 
 had been previously made Mus. Doc, Cam- 
 bridge, and he also held the appointment of 
 chaplain to the king. Saintwix died in 1467. 
 
 Salaman, Charles Kensington, pianist, 
 composer, lecturer, and writer, born in London, 
 
360 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 SALAMAN. 
 
 March 3, 1814. Showed musical talent very 
 early, and began to learn the violin when 
 seven, but after a year left it for the pianoforte. 
 His first lessons were from his mother, an 
 excellent anlate^^r pianist, and by her he was 
 placed under S. F. Rimbault. In 1824 he was 
 elected a student of the R.A.jNI., but returning 
 to school he lost the chances thereby afforded. 
 Studied under Charles Neate, 1826-31. Made 
 his first appearance in public at G. Lanza's 
 concert, Blackheath, in the summer of 1828, 
 when his song " Oh, come, dear Louisa," his 
 first published work, was sung. The same 
 year he went to Paris, had lessons from Henri 
 Herz, and played his Rondeau brilliant in D, 
 with orchestra, for the first time in London, 
 March 10, 1830. Produced an Ode at Strat- 
 ford-on-Avon, April 23, 1830, at the Jubilee 
 Festival in memory of Shakespeare. In 1831 
 began his professional career as teacher ; gave 
 annual orchestral concerts at the Hanover 
 Square Rooms, 1833-7, introducing, among 
 other artists, Madame Grisi, 1834, to concert 
 audiences. Instituted, with H. Blagrove, 
 C. Lucas, and others, the Concerti da Camera, 
 the first taking place November 7, 1835. 
 Elected a member of the Royal Society of 
 Musicians, and an Associate of the Philhar- 
 m.onic Society, 1837, withdrawing from the 
 latter in 1855. Visited the continent in 1836, 
 playing at Munich, Vienna, and other places, 
 and becoming acquainted with Schumann, 
 Czerny, Mozart's son, Thalberg, and other 
 artists. Resided in Rome, 1846-8, and in 1847 
 was made an Hon. INIember of the Academy 
 of St. Cecilia, and of the Philharmonic Society 
 of Rome. Founded an Amateur Choral 
 Society in London, 1849 ; played at the Phil- 
 harmonic Concert, March 18, 1850, Beethoven's 
 Concerto in C minor. Commenced a series of 
 lectures on musical subjects in 1855, which 
 were continued for some years in London and 
 the country. In 1858 he helped to establish 
 the Musical Society of London, and was Hon. 
 Secretary until 1865. Assumed the name 
 Kensington on the death of his father in 1867. 
 (His father was born at Kensington in 1789). 
 Was one of the founders of the Musical Asso- 
 ciation in 1874, and acted as Hon. Sec. till 
 1877, when he retired, and was elected a vice- 
 president. All this time he was busy as a 
 teacher and composer, producing a large 
 number of works (summarised below), besides 
 contributing papers to various musical jour- 
 nals, Concordia, The Musical Tinifs, etc. He 
 was musical critic to the Circle while it lasted. 
 He played the accompaniments to his songs 
 at Miss C. Penna's concert, June 10, 1886 ; 
 and his last compositions, two songs, " The 
 resigned lover," and " Concealed love," were 
 isi5ued on the completion of his 82nd vear, 
 March 3, 1896. 
 
 Works. — Jubilee Ode to Shakespeare, 1830. 
 
 SALE. 
 
 Psalm 84 ; Psalm 29, for double choir ; Have 
 mercy upon me ; Preserve me, O God ; and 
 other anthems. A voiceless sigh ; Fair is the 
 swan ; April, part-songs. Nearly 100 Hebrew 
 choral works for the service of the synagogue. 
 Songs : 1 arise from dreams of thee, 1836 ; 
 A leave-taking ; Al salir (Spanish) ; Are other 
 eyes ; A toi, toujours a toi ^Hugo) ; Du Susses 
 madchen ; Farewell ! if ever fondest i)i'ayer ; 
 My sAveetheart ; No, I never was in love ; 
 Murmured music ; My star ; St. Patrick's 
 Parliament ; The voice of my love (March 3, 
 1893) ; Can'st thou be true ? and many others, 
 including settings of odes, etc., by Horace, 
 Catullus, and Anacreon. Orchestral : Over- 
 ture in D ; Fantasia in G minor ; Grand 
 Funeral March, in honour of Victor Hugo, 
 1885. Parade March, for military band. 
 Rondo al capriccio, pf . and orchestra. Twelve 
 voluntaries for organ or harmonium ; Six 
 original pieces in Morley's voluntaries. Piano- 
 forte : Atalanta ; Birthday valse ; La vivacita, 
 op. 13 ; La Notta serena, op. 17 ; II Mulino, 
 op. 18 ; Syrian march ; Toccata, op. 44 ; 
 Zephyrus, op. 54 ; Tranquility, op. 62; Spring, 
 duet, etc. Lectures : History of the Piano- 
 forte, and the ancient keyed instruments, 
 1855-6 ; Handel ; Beethoven ; Weber ; Music 
 in connection with the dance ; History of 
 Italian, Gernran, and English opera. Papers 
 in Proceedings of Musical Association, 1875- 
 1877-80. Author of Jews as they are, London, 
 Simpkin, Marshall, 1882. 
 
 His son, ]M.\LCOLM Charles, lyric poet and 
 dramatist, was born in London, September 6, 
 1855. He is author of Ivan's love-quest, and 
 other poems, London, 1879 ; and the verses 
 of many of his father's best songs ; also of 
 words for con'ipositions by Sir G. A. Mac- 
 farren, G. A. Osborne, etc. As a dramatic 
 author and librettist he has produced Deceiv- 
 ers ever, a farcical comedy. Strand Theatre, 
 November 26, 1883 ; Boycotted, one act 
 comedietta, with music by Eugene Barnett ; 
 Dimity's dilemma, farce, Gaiety Theatre ; 
 Both sides of the question, comedietta ; A 
 modern Eve, three-act drama, Haymarket 
 Theatre. Known as a critic of the drama and 
 of painting ; Editor of the published plays of 
 A. W. Pinero ; and author of the popular 
 book, Woman — through a man's eyeglass. 
 
 Sale, John, bass vocalist and composer, 
 born at London in 1758. Son of John Sale 
 (born at Gainsborough, 1734; died at Windsor 
 in 1802), who was a lay-clerk of St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor. He was a chorister of St. 
 George's Chapel, Windsor, and at Eton Col- 
 lege from 1767 to 1775, under W. Webb, and 
 lay-vicar from 1777 to 1796. In 1788 he 
 became a gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 
 London ; vicar-choral, St. Paul's Cathedral, 
 1794; Lay-vicar, Westminster Abbey, 1796; 
 and almoner and master of choristers of St. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 301 
 
 SALE. 
 
 Paul's Cathedral, 1800-12. He became secre- 
 tary of the Catch Club in 1812, and acted as 
 conductor of the Glee Club, and bass at the 
 Concert of Ancient Music, the Ladies' con- 
 certs, and at London and provincial musical 
 festivals. He died at London, November 11 , 
 1827, and is buried in the crypt of St. Paul's. 
 
 Works. — A Collection of New Glees, com- 
 posed by John Sale . . London [1800] . Also 
 some others issued in a collection, with others 
 composed by Lord IMornington, Callcott, etc. 
 
 Sale, John Bernard, composer and bass 
 vocalist, brother of the above, born at Windsor 
 in 1779. He was a chorister in St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor, and in Eton College, 17S5. 
 Lay-vicar, Westminster Abbey, 1800. Gen- 
 tleman of Chapel Royal, 1803. Organist of 
 St. IMargaret's, Westminster, 1809. Musical 
 instructor to Queen Victoria. Organist of the 
 Chapel Royal, 1838. He died at London, 
 September 16, 1856. 
 
 Works. — Psalms and Hymns for the Service 
 of the Church, London, 1837. S. Webbe's 
 Solfegios as Exercising Duetts, newly arranged 
 by J. B. Sale, London, n.d. Glees: listen 
 to the voice of love ; You ask the reason why 
 I love; The Butterfly; Little Piggy, and 
 other duets, bong's .• The Robin, etc. Marches 
 for pf. 
 
 His daughters, Mary Anne, and Sophia 
 (died May 3, 1869), were also musicians. 
 Another daughter, Laura, married W. J. 
 Thorns, the author. His brother, George 
 Charles, born at Windsor in 1796, was a 
 chorister in St. Paul's Cathedral, 1803. Or- 
 ganist, St. Marv's, Newington, in succession 
 to Dr. T. Busb}-, 1817; and St. George's, Han- 
 over Square, 1826. He died at London, 
 January 23, 1869.- 
 
 Salmon, Eliza, born Munday, soprano 
 vocalist, was born at Oxford about 1787. She 
 studied under John Ashley, and made her 
 debut at the Lenten Oratorio Concerts, Covent 
 Garden, London, in 1803. In 1805 she mar- 
 ried James Salmon, a singer, and sang at the 
 principal London and provincial concerts till 
 1824, when her voice was lost, through a break 
 down of her nervous system, caused by in- 
 temperance ; she married the Rev. Mr. Hinde, 
 after Salmon's death. On the death of her 
 second husband she became destitute, and 
 after various ineffectual attem^Dts to regain a 
 position she died at Chelsea, June 5, 1849. 
 Her husband, Jambs Salmon, was organist of 
 St. Peter's, Liverpool, 1805. He was latterly 
 in very embarrassed circumstances, and went 
 to the West Indies as a soldier, where he died. 
 His brother William (born, 1789 ; died, 
 Windsor, January 26, 1858), was a singer and 
 teacher. 
 
 Salmon, Rev. Thomas, clergjmian and 
 author, was born in 1648. He was educated 
 at Oxford University, of which he was M.A., 
 
 SAMPSON. 
 
 and became Rector of Mepsall, Bedfordshire. 
 He died in 1677. He wrote " An Essay to the 
 Advancement of Musick by casting away the 
 perplexity of different cleffs, and uniting 
 all sorts of Musiclv, lute, viol, violins, organ, 
 harpsichord, voice, etc. in one universal 
 character." London, 1672. "Vindication of 
 an Essaj' to the advancement of Musick, from 
 Mr. ]\Iatthew Lock's Observations . . " London, 
 1673. "Proposal to perform Music in perfect 
 and mathematical proportions" London, 
 1688. " Theory of Music reduced to arith- 
 metical and geometrical proportions " (In 
 Philosophical Transactions, 1705). 
 
 Salmond, Norman, bass vocalist, born 
 at Bradford, Yorkshire, August 27, 1858. 
 Studied locally, and first came into notice 
 about 1886. He sung in the " ]\Iessiah " at 
 Leeds Philharmonic Concert, December 19, 
 1888 ; and made a still more important 
 appearance at the Saturday Popular Concerts, 
 London, January 18, 1890, his success being 
 immediate. He was engaged for the part of 
 Richard Coeur de Lion in Sullivan's 
 "Ivanhoe," February, 1891; made his festival 
 debut in "Elijah," at Leeds, 1892, and has 
 been heard at Norwich and Handel Festivals. 
 Sang at the Philharmonic Concerts, IMarch 
 23, 1893; Crystal Palace, December 15, 1894; 
 and in the chief provincial centres. Toured 
 in South Africa, 1895, and in America, 1896 ; 
 and is now established as an artist of rank. 
 He married an American lady, who in concerts 
 in London and the provinces has gained a 
 reputation as pianist. 
 
 Salter, Humphrey, composer and instru- 
 mentalist of the last half of the 17th century. 
 Wrote " The Genteel companion, being exact 
 directions for the Recorder, with a collection 
 of the best and newest tunes and grounds 
 extant." London, 1683. 
 
 Sampson, Brook, organist, born in Leeds, 
 January 5, 1848. Chorister, as a boy, at St. 
 Saviour's Episcopal Church, Bridge of Allan. 
 Pupil of Dr. Spark. F.R.C.O. 1870; Mus. 
 Bac. Oxford, 1875. After a short residence at 
 Bradford, he was appointed, in 1868, organist 
 and chorister of Kettering Parish Church ; 
 removing to Northampton, he held similar 
 offices at St. Catherine's, St. Edmund's, and 
 since 1891, All Saints' Church. Conductor of 
 Church Choir Festivals, and of Northampton 
 Choral Society. Has composed church music, 
 and is author of a Harmony Primer, and 
 " Notes, Staves, Clefs," a method of learning 
 the rudiments of Music. 
 
 Sampson, George, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Clifton, 1861. Organist at St. 
 James's, Bristol, 1879; F.R.C.O., 1882. In 
 1884, he was appointed organist and director 
 of the music at St. Alban's, Holborn, London; 
 and in 1888, music master and precentor, 
 Brighton College, which offices he retains. 
 
362 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SAMUELL. 
 
 He has composed a setting of Communion 
 Service in D for men's voices ; an Evening 
 Service in D ; Salutaris in E flat ; Ave 
 Verum in D flat, for baritone solo, and men's 
 chorus. Part-songs ; School songs for Brigh- 
 ton College. Author of A Text Book of the 
 Elements of Music ; and a Text Book of the 
 Pianoforte, for use in Schools, London, Swan 
 and Co. 
 
 Samuell, Clara, see sub. Rose, H. R. 
 
 Sanders, Alma, composer and pianist of 
 present time. Studied at Trinity College, 
 London ; sometime professor of pf. there. 
 She appeared as pianist at concerts, London, 
 1880, etc. Gained the Sir Michael Costa 
 Prize, Trinity College, 1880, for Trio, pf. and 
 strings ; and 1883, for Quartet, pf. and strings. 
 She has also written a Sonata for pf. and 
 violin ; four pieces, violin and pf. ; pieces for 
 pf. solo, etc. 
 
 Sanders, James, conductor and teacher, 
 was a clarinet player at Portsmouth. About 
 1844, he went to Liverpool, where he was a 
 double-bass player, music teacher, and some- 
 time organist at St. Mary's, and St. Francis 
 Xavier's churches. Trained the chorus at 
 the Theatre Royal ; was conductor of the 
 Liverpool Musical Society ; chorusmaster, 
 Liverpool Festival, 1874 ; and filled a like 
 office to the Liverpool Philharmonic Society, 
 1870-80. He died at Liverpool, October 20. 
 1891, aged 75. Ellen Sandees, his wife, 
 was associated with him in the direction of a 
 private choir, which did excellent work ; and 
 was a teaclier of repute. She died at Liver- 
 pool, aiay 10, 1891, at the age of 65. 
 
 Sanders, George Frederick, see Pinto, 
 George Frederick. 
 
 Sanderson, Edgar, composer and teacher, 
 published " Harmonia Sacra, for private and 
 congregational use," London, 1838-39, two 
 series ; and wrote part-songs and other vocal 
 music. 
 
 Sanderson, James, violinist and com- 
 poser, born at Workington, Cumberland, in 
 1769. Self-taught in music and on the violin. 
 Violinist in Sunderland Theatre. Teacher in 
 South Shields, 1784-87. Leader of theatre 
 orchestra, Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1787. Violinist 
 in the orchestra of Astley's Amphitheatre, 
 1788. Music-director at the Surrey Theatre. 
 He was a violinist in the Philharmonic 
 Orchestra, and composer for Vauxhall Gar- 
 dens. He died at London, in 1841. 
 
 Works. — Music to Operas, Pantoviimes, and 
 Dramas : Algerine corsair, 1800 ; Almoran 
 and Hamet, 1800 ; Blackboard, 1797 ; Brave 
 Cossack; Cora, 1799; Don Giovanni, 1820; 
 Fair Slave ; Friar Bacon ; Harlequin Mariner, 
 179G ; Harper's Son ; Jew and the Gentile ; 
 John Bull and Buonaparte ; Iron Tower, 
 1801 ; Laugh, and lay down, 1803 ; London 
 Apprentice, 1804 ; Louisa of Lombardy, 
 
 SANT. 
 
 1805 ; Magic Pipe ; The Mine ; Niobe, 1798 ;. 
 Seasons, 1799 ; Sir Francis Drake, 1800 ; 
 Successful Cruise, 1815 ; Talisman, 1810 ;. 
 Vicar of Wakefield, 1812 ; and many others. 
 Collins' Ode on the Passions, 1789. Three 
 duetts for 2 violins, op. 6; Six original 
 German waltzes for pf. ; Airs arranged for 
 violin ; Broadside hornpipe, for pf. ; many 
 songs, among which " Bound 'Prentice to a 
 Waterman," is best known. It first appeared, 
 in " Sir Francis Drake," 1800. He wrote 
 music to burlettas, pantomimes, and plays, 
 to the number of over 150. 
 
 Sandys, William, writer, was born in 
 1792. He was a member of the legal pro- 
 fession in London ; an F.S.A., etc. He died 
 at London, February 18, 1874. 
 
 Works. — Christmas Carols, ancient and 
 modern, including the most popular in the- 
 West of England, and the airs to which they 
 are sung, also specimens of French Provincial 
 Carols, with an introduction and notes, Lon- 
 don, 1833. Christmas-tide, its history, fes- 
 tivities, and carols, with their music, London, 
 1852 (various editions) ; History of the Violin 
 and other instruments played on with the- 
 bow, from the remotest tinier to the present. 
 Also an account of the principal makers,. 
 English and foreign," London, 1864. 
 
 Sangster, Walter Hay, organist and 
 composer, born in London, September 17, 
 1835. Educated at City of London School. 
 Chorister, Temple Church. Studied under 
 E. J. Hopkins and W. R a ; also at Berlin, 
 1855. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1870; Mus. 
 Doc, 1877, Oxford. F.C.O. Organist of 
 Christ Church, Ealing ; English Ambassador's 
 Chapel, Berlin, 1855; St. Michael's, Chester 
 Square, London ; All Saints', St. John's 
 Wood; St. James's, Wevbridge; St. Michael's, 
 Paddington, 1872 ; St. Saviour's, Eastbourne. 
 Conductor of Eastbourne Musical Society, 
 which has done excellent work. Composer 
 of Cantatas: The Lord is my Light; The 
 Knight of Elli ; Elysium, produced, East- 
 bourne, May 31, 1892; Dramatic cantita, 
 The Scottish Chief, the same. May 11, 1897. 
 Anthems, part-songs, etc. Overture, prelude 
 and fugue, and other organ music ; pf. 
 pieces, etc. 
 
 Sant Angelo, Pauline, jiianist, born in 
 IManchester, of Italian descent. Played in 
 public when ten years of age, and at thirteen 
 was appointed by Sir Charles Halle pianist 
 to the Beethoven Society, Manchester. She 
 made her debut at the Cryst 1 Palace, June 
 1, 1892, playing Weber's Coiicertstiick, and 
 some solo pieces. This was at a Wednesday 
 Concerf, the pianist being about fourteen 
 years of age. In 1893 she was heard at Edgar 
 Haddock's concerts in London and Leeds ; 
 and gave her first recital at St. James's Hall, 
 May 21, 1895. Since then she has played at 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 363 
 
 SANTLEY. 
 
 important concerts in Birmingham, and many 
 other places. 
 
 Santley, Charles, baritone vocalist, and 
 composer, son of William Santley (teacher 
 of pianoforte and singing at Liverpool ; died, 
 October 22, 1891), born at Liverpool, Feb- 
 ruary 28, 1834. Was a chorister at several 
 churches in Liverpool, and sang as an am- 
 ateur. Deciding upon his profession, he 
 gave a farewell concert at Liverpool, Septem- 
 ber 15, 1855, and the next month started for 
 Italy. He studied at ]\Iilan under (laetano 
 Nava, and returned to England in October, 
 
 1857. Had further lessons from Manuel 
 Garcia, and made his dtbut at St. Martin's 
 Hall, London, November 16, 1857, as Adam, 
 in Haydn's "Creation." His success vyas 
 immense, and every one was struck with his 
 magnificent voice. He sang in the "Mt ssiah" 
 at the same place, December 16. The next 
 year he sang for the Sacred Harmonic Society. 
 His first festival aiDpearance was at Leeds in 
 
 1858, and he sang there until 18!"i6, witli the 
 exception of the festival of 1880. With the 
 Norwich Festival he was identified from 
 1860; and he sang in "Elijah" at the Bir- 
 mingham Festivals from 1861 to 1891, 1867 
 excepted, when Weiss took the part of the 
 Prophet. He sang at the festivals of the 
 Three Choirs, from 1863 to 1894, with few 
 intermissions. In concerts throughout the 
 country he has long held the foremost 
 position as a baritone singer. He toured in 
 America in 1871 and 1891 ; and was in 
 Australia, 1889-90. At the Handel Festivals, 
 Crystal Palace, he has been frequently heard 
 from 1862 ; and he took part in the Jubilee 
 performance thereof Mendelssohn's" Elijah," 
 June 27, 1896. His career in opera has been 
 almost as remarkable as in oratorio. He 
 was first heard on the English stage at 
 Covent Garden, October 1, 1859, as Hoel, in 
 Dinorah ; san',' at, the same house in Italian 
 opera, April 15, 1862, as the Count in " II 
 Trovatore," and took the same part at Her 
 Majesty's, May 31. Sang as Ford, at the 
 production of Nicolai's " Merry Wives of 
 Windsor," then entitled " Falstaff," at Her 
 Majesty's, IMay 3, 1864 ; appeared in a round 
 of characters at the same house. Sang in 
 " Zampa," at the Gaiety, 1870; and joined 
 the Carl Rosa Com any in 1875, taking the 
 title part in Mozart's " Figaro," at the 
 opening performance at the Princess' Theatre, 
 September 11, and also toured with the 
 Company, remaining with it for some years. 
 Mr. Santley has also gained some fame as a 
 composer. His principal work is a Mass in 
 A flat, for soli, chorus and orchestra (he 
 joined the Roman Church about 1880), pro- 
 duced at the Pro-Cathedral, Kensington, 
 December 25, 1892. He has also composed 
 an Offertorium, Ave IMaria, and other church 
 
 SAVAGE. 
 
 music ; a berceuse for orchestra, performed 
 at Sydney, Australia, 1890; a madrigal, and 
 songs, some of which have been published 
 under the name of Ralph Betterton. He is 
 an Hon. R.A.M., and in 1887 was created by 
 Pope Leo XIII. , a Knight Commander of St. 
 Gregory the Great. In 1859, he married IMiss 
 Gertrude Kemblk, a granddaughter of 
 Charles Kemble. She made her first appear- 
 ance as a soprano vocalist in the " Messiah," 
 at St. Martin's Hall, December 16, 1857. 
 After her marriage she retired from public 
 life. She died, September 1, 1882. Edith 
 Santley, their daughter, a soprano, made 
 her stage deMit when very young in Cheru- 
 bini's " Water Carrier," at the Theatre Royal, 
 Birmingham, May 19, 1876. She sang at the 
 Philharmonic Concerts, May 11, 1882, and in 
 Birmingham, etc. She married, July 14, 
 1884, the Hon. R. H. Lyttelton, and now 
 resides in Warwickshire, but sings occasion- 
 ally at concerts for charitable purposes. 
 
 Santley, Kate, actress and singer, ap- 
 peared at the Strand Theatre, 1870, in " St. 
 George and the Dragon." Sang in London 
 and the provinces in comic opera, from about 
 1876. Began a series of entertainments, with 
 drawing-room sketches, at Ipswich, in Oc- 
 tober, 1890. Was at Berlin, 1891, in "Faust 
 up to Date, and has now for some years been 
 lessee of the Royalty Theatre, London. 
 
 5apio, Antonio, tenor vocalist, was born 
 at London, in 1792. He was a son of an 
 Italian vocalist (born 1751, died London, 
 June 30, 1827), under whom he studied 
 singing. For a time he held a commission 
 in the army, but afterwards became a public 
 singer, and first appeared in the " Messiah," 
 in 1822. He sang at York, Edinburgh, and 
 other provincial concerts, and in 1824 he 
 appeared on the stage. He died in London, 
 November 27, 1851, completely destitute, 
 having occupied a garret in Queen Street, 
 Edgeware Road, under conditions of great 
 distress, some time previous to his death. 
 
 Sartoris, Mrs., see Kemble, Adelaide. 
 
 Saunders, Joseph Gordon, pianist and 
 composer, graduated Mus. Bac, 1872, Mus. 
 Doc. 1878, Oxford. Some time conductor of 
 Clapton Philharmonic Society, from 1884. 
 Professor of harmony and pf.. Trinity College, 
 London. Associate of the Philharmonic 
 Society. 
 
 Works. — Domine, Dominus noster ; Bene- 
 dic, anima mea, for soli, chorus, and orches- 
 tra ; anthem, The Lord in His holy temple ; 
 Evening Service, chants, etc. ; vocal trio in 
 canon. Like the gale that sighs ; pf. pieces, 
 etc. Author of a primer, Examples in Strict 
 Counterpoint, old and new, Novello; A Practical 
 Treatise on the Art of Phrasing, Hammond. 
 
 Savage, William, organist, composer, 
 and bass vocalist, was born about 1720. He 
 
364 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGliAPHY. 
 
 SAVILE. 
 
 studied under Dr. Pepusch, and became a 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 1744. Al- 
 moner, vicar-choral, and master of choristers, 
 St. Paul's Cathedral, 1748. He died at 
 London, July 27, 1789. He composed chants 
 and other church music. 
 
 Jane Savage, probably a daughter or other 
 relative of the above, composed Six rondos 
 for harpsichord or pf., op. 3 ; Duett for pf. 
 or harpsichord, op. 6 [1790] ; Two duetts for 
 voices, op. 7 [1791] ; Strephon and Flavia, 
 cantata, oj). 4 ; Hall the woodman, song, 
 op. 5. 
 
 Savile, Jeremy or Jeremiah, comxsoser 
 of the 17th century. Now known chiefly as 
 composer of "The Waits," a four-part song 
 sung at the meetings of Glee societies. 
 " Here's a health unto his majesty," " by 
 rivers," and other songs and part-songs con- 
 tained in Playford's " Select musicall Ayres," 
 1653, and other contemporary collections. 
 
 Sawyer, Frank Joseph, organist, com- 
 poser and conductor, l)orn at Brighton, June 
 19, 1857. Studied at Leipzig Conservatorium 
 under E. F. Richter, and others ; pupil of, 
 and assistant organist to Dr. J. F. Bridge. 
 F.R.C.O.; Mus. Bac, 1877; Mus. Doc, 1884, 
 Oxford. Organist and choirmaster, St. 
 Patrick's, Hove, Brighton ; conductor of 
 Brighton and Hove Choral and Orchestral 
 Association up to 189G, when he resigned. 
 Professor of sight singing, R.C.M. He has 
 given many important concerts ; and organ 
 recitals at Bow and Bromley Institue, etc. 
 liCctured on organ nrusic ; the history of the 
 dance ; and other topics, at the College of 
 Organists, Musical Association, London Insti- 
 tution, and elsewhere. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, Mary the Virgin, 1884; 
 recast as Star of the East, and produced 
 Brighton, December 12, 1889 ; Sacred cantatas, 
 Jerusalem, 1880 ; The Soul's Forgiveness, 
 Chester Festival, 1894; Widow of Nain 
 (female voice). Dramatic cantata, Orpheus. 
 Methuen prize of =£100, 1893; Cantata, The 
 Pageant (female voice). Two Sclavish Dances, 
 orchestra ; Concertstiick in D, organ and 
 orchestra, 1890 ; Romance, violin and pf . ; 
 Technical exercises, and pieces various, pf. 
 Anthems, part songs ; Songs of a Summer day, 
 four vocal duets, etc. Author of a primer on 
 Extemporisation, Novello. 
 
 Scarisbrick, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Prescot, Lancashire, IMarch 24, 
 1805; died at Kendal, February 2G, 1869, 
 where he was organist. Composed anthems 
 and other church music. His wife, hnm 
 Whitnall (born, 1829 ; died, 1874), was a 
 contralto singer. 
 
 Scales, Linda, Mrs. Dutton Cook, pian- 
 ist, second daughtar of Joseph Scates. Born 
 at Dublin, November 16, 1855. Pupil of Sir R. 
 P. Stewart and of R.A.JI. ; elected Associate, 
 
 SCOTT. 
 
 R.A.M. An accomplished pianist, she retired 
 from public life on her marriage with Mr. E. 
 Dutton Cook, dramatic critic, August 20, 
 1874. After his death (September 11, 1883), 
 she resumed her profession in 1884, and was 
 appointed a professor at the Guildhall School, 
 and the same year was granted an annual 
 pension of £150 from the Civil List. She 
 gave concerts at the Princes' Hall, and else- 
 where. On January 6, 1885, she married 
 Charles Dickens, second son of Edmund 
 Yates. 
 
 Schirmacher, Dora, pianist, born at 
 Liverpool, September 1, 1857. Daughter of 
 a professor of music in that city, who was 
 her first instructor. Studied at Leipzig Con- 
 servatorium under Ernst F. Wenzel and 
 Reinecke. Played at the Gewandhaus Con- 
 certs, February 1, 1877, and made her debut 
 at the Crystal Palace March 31 following, her 
 selection being the D minor concerto of 
 Mendelssohn. She appeared at the Monday 
 Popular Concerts December 3 of the same 
 year, and has played at concerts in Liver- 
 pool, Manchester, and other places, and also 
 in many towns in Germany. She has pub- 
 lished a sonata, suite, and some other pieces 
 for pf. 
 
 Scholefield, Rev, Clement Cotterill, 
 clergyman and amateur musician, born at 
 Edgbaston, Birmingham, June 22, 1839. 
 Graduated at Cambridge. Held livings of 
 Parish Church, Hove, Brighton, in 1867-69 ; 
 and St. Peter's South Kensington, 1869-77. 
 Chaplain of Eton College, Windsor, since 
 1880. Composer of "A Wedding Hymn" 
 [1889] ; Hymn tiines, " Fides," " Irene," 
 " St. Clement," " St. Nicholas," etc. 
 
 Schultz, Madame, see Bishop, Anna. 
 
 Scott, Lady John Douglas, bom Alicia 
 Ann Spottiswoode, amateur composer. 
 Edest daughter of John Spottiswoode, of 
 Spottiswoode, Berwickshire. She was mar- 
 ried on March 16, 1836, to John Douglas 
 Scott, third son of the fourth Duke of Buc- 
 cleuch, who died on January 3, 1860. In 
 1870 she succeeded to the estate of Spottis- 
 woode, and, under terms of her father's will, 
 resumed her maiden name. Composer of a 
 number of Scots songs, among which may be 
 named Maxwelton braes are bonny .... Annie 
 Laurie, London [1847] ; Douglas; Durisdeer 
 (arranged by Eliz. Masson) ; Ettrick; Foul 
 fords ; Lammermoor ; Llother, oh, sing me 
 to rest ; Shame on ye, gallants, etc. The 
 first-named is by far the best known, and is, 
 indeed, one of the most popular of modern 
 Scottish melodies. It was first published 
 anonymously about 1846-47, and appeared 
 soon after in Wood's " Songs of Scotland," 
 edited by G. F. Graham. The words used 
 are the more modern of two sets. The well- 
 known song, " By yon bonnie banks," or the 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 365 
 
 SCOTT. 
 
 " Bonnie banks o' Loch Lomond," was noted 
 by Lady Scott from the singing of a boy in 
 the streets of Edinburgh, and was first printed 
 by Paterson and Sons about 1844, with an 
 accompaniment by Finlay Dun. 
 
 Scott, Walter, pianist, violinist, and 
 conductor, born at Long Sutton, Lincoln- 
 shire, October 10, 1842. Studied pf. under 
 Benedict, and violin with H. Holmes. Resi- 
 dent in Cardiff ; hon. local examiner for 
 R.C.O. ; organist of St. Margaret's Church. 
 Has i)l3'yed organ solos at Eisteddfodau, 
 Cardiff, and trained the Cardiff contingent 
 of the choirs of the Gloucester and Worcester 
 Festivals up to 1890, when those counties 
 drew more from their own resources. With 
 this Cardiff choir Mr. Scott has given some fine 
 concerts ; he has also acted as chorus-master 
 for the Cardiff Musical Festivals. He has 
 written a Communion Service, Te Deum and 
 Benedictus, songs, violin and pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Searelle, Luscombe, theatrical manager 
 and conipuser. In 1884, he was conducting 
 opera in London and the provinces ; after- 
 wards, up to 1890, he was manager of the 
 Queen's Theatre, Kimberley, and the Theatre 
 Royal, Johannesburg, South Africa. Since 
 then he has again been in England. He has 
 composed the operas " Estrella " (Walter 
 Parke), produced at the Gaietv Theatre, Lon- 
 don, May 24, 1883 ; and " The Black Rover " 
 (his own libretto), produced at the Globe 
 Theatre, September 2-3, 1890. Also a cantata, 
 " Australia," produced at Lyttleton, New 
 Zealand, April 16, 1891. Author of a series of 
 humorous sketches, "Tales of the Transvaal," 
 London, Fisher Unwin, 1896. 
 
 Second, Mary, born Mahon, soprano 
 vocalist. Was born at Oxford, about 1771. 
 She was a daughter of IMahon, a celebrated 
 clarinet player. Debut in "The Woodman," 
 Covcnt Garden, London, September 17, 1796. 
 Married to a Mr. Second, 1800. Afterwards 
 retired from the stage. She appeared at the 
 principal concerts of her time. 
 
 Sedding, Edmund, architect and amateur 
 musician, was born in 1835. Pupil of the 
 eminent architect, IMr. Street. He was some- 
 time organist at St. IMar}' the Virgin, Crown 
 Street, Soho, London. Cantor, St. Ralph, 
 Bristol. Edited and composed a " Collection 
 of English Carols, French Noels, etc." ; 
 " Collection of Ancient Christmas Carols, 
 arranged for 4 voices." London, 1860. Third 
 Collection of Nine Ancient and Goodly Carols 
 for Christmas-tide, Novello. " Dives and 
 Lazarus, a christmas carol " [1867] . Hymns 
 of ye Holy Eastern Church, set to Musicke 
 for 4 voices. London, 1864. He was learned 
 in all that appertained to Ecclesiastical 
 Plain-Song. His last years were spent at 
 Penzance, where he died of consumption, 
 June 11, 1868, aged 33. 
 
 SELBY. 
 
 His brother, John D. Sedding, architect, 
 was also an organist and church musician. 
 He assisted for years at the services at St. 
 Mary's, both in the choir and at the organ ; 
 and was sometime organist at Beddington, 
 Surrey. He died, April 7, 1891, in London. 
 
 Sedgwick, Alfred B., musician and 
 writer, author of the following works : 
 Complete System of instruction for the Con- 
 certina, London [1854] ; Complete ^lethod for 
 the French Accordeon ; Complete Method for 
 the German Accordeon ; also for Cxerman 
 Concertina, Boston [1865] ; Complete Method 
 for the Cornet, etc. He x^ublished a large 
 number of arrangements of popular airs for 
 the Concertina. 
 
 Seeley, L. B., compiler of " Devotional 
 Harmony, containing Psalms and Hymns 
 from various authors, adapted to favourite 
 tunes, .the whole for 3 and 4 voices." London, 
 1806, 2 vols., 3rd edition, 1830. 
 
 Seguin, Arthur Edward Shelden, bass 
 singer, was born at London, April 7, 1809. 
 He was a pupil of the R.A.M., and in 1829, 
 he sang at a musical festival at Exeter ; and 
 in 1831, he appeared in opera in London. 
 Afterwards he sang chiefly in opera, and at 
 the Concert of Ancient Music (first appearance 
 there, March 28, 1832), till 1838, when he 
 went to the United States. He gave Rooke's 
 " Amilie " in New York, in October, 1838, 
 and travelled in the States with an operatic 
 company called after himself. He died at 
 New York, December 9, 1852. His wife, born 
 Ann Childe, was a soprano vocalist, and 
 appeared with her husband in all his principal 
 concerts and operatic productions. She died 
 at New York, in 1888. Elizabeth Seguin, 
 his sister (born London, 1815 ; died there, 
 1870), also a singer, was the mother of 
 Madame Parepa-Rosa ; and William Henry 
 Seguin (born 1814 ; died December 29, 1850), 
 was a well-known bass singer in London. 
 
 Selby, Bertram Luard, composer and 
 organist, born in Kent, February 12, 1853. 
 Was organist of Salisbury Cathedral, 1881-3 ; 
 now organist of St. Barnabas, Pimlico, 
 London. Gave concerts in London, 1880, etc. 
 
 Works. — Operas : The Ring (1886) ; and 
 Adela, produced at Nottingham, February, 
 1888. Music to Helena in Troas, London, 
 May 17, 1886. Weather or No, musical duo- 
 logue. Savoy, August 10, 1896. School cantata. 
 The Waits of Bremen. Songs and part-songs. 
 Morning and Evening Service, with Com- 
 munion office, in C. Idyl for orchestra, 
 Henschel concerts, March 11, 1897. Two 
 quintets, pf. and strings. Sonata and suite, 
 violin and pf. Sonata in D, Sonata on Dies 
 Irje, and other pieces for organ. Suite for 
 pf., etc. 
 
 Selby, Thomas Leeson, violinist and 
 composer, was born near Nottingham in 
 
36G 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 SEMPLE. 
 
 1827. Studied under Henry Parmer. Con- 
 ductor and teacher in Nottingham. Composer 
 of some glees, songs, etc. 
 Semple, Charles Edward Armand, 
 
 physician and writer, who was educated at 
 Cambridge and London; B.A., 1867; M.B., 
 1872, etc. Holds a number of appointments, 
 such as physician to Royal Society of 
 Musicians, and examiner in vocal and aural 
 physiology and elementary acoustics to 
 Trinity College, London. Author of "The 
 Voice musically and medically considered," 
 London, 1884 ; other editions, 1886, etc., and 
 a large number of professional works, chiefly 
 on diseases of children and pharmacy. 
 
 Senior, John Edwin Ryder, organist, 
 born at Batley, Yorkshire, March 23, 1856. 
 Studied under Dr. Peace, James Broughton, 
 and Hans von Biilow. P. CO., L.R.A.M. 
 Organist of Govan Parish Church, 1881 ; St. 
 George's in the Fields, Glasgow, to present 
 time. Has a high reputation as a performer, 
 andhasgiven recitals at Exeter Hall, London ; 
 Bow and Bromley Institute ; Crystal Palace ; 
 East End Exhibition, Glasgow, 1891; St. 
 George's Hall, Liverpool, November, 1895, 
 etc. He has published some pieces for the 
 organ. 
 
 Severn, Charles, organist, contrabassist 
 and violoncellist, born in London, 1805. He 
 was a Court musician at the Queen's accession, 
 and played at her coronation. For many 
 years a member of the principal orchestras in 
 London, and of the provincial Festivals. He 
 was in the orchestra at Birmingham on the 
 production of " Elijah," 1846. He was also 
 organist for forty-six years of Islington Parish 
 Church. A fire broke out at his residence, 
 Liverpool Road, Islington, April 14, 1885, in 
 which his wife was burnt to death. He was 
 then still organist at the church. He died at 
 the end of December, 1894, having almost 
 attained his ninetieth year. He wrote a glee. 
 The Sunset, and a few other part-songs, 
 motets, songs, etc., and edited " Psalm and 
 Hymn Tunes, Chants, etc., for the use of the 
 Parish Church of St. Mary, Islington." 
 London [1853]. 
 
 Severn, Thomas Henry, composer and 
 vocalist, elder brother of above, was born at 
 London, November 5, 1801. Son of a music 
 master at Hoxton, and brother of Joseph 
 Severn, the painter. He was a teacher in 
 London, and died at Wandsworth, April 15, 
 1881. 
 
 Works. — Te Deum, vocal duets. The Lay, 
 a collection of songs by C. V. Incledon [1845]. 
 Songs of the Days of Chivalry, by T. H. 
 Bayly, 1831. Single Sojigs : Dear scenes of 
 my home ; Fill the goblet ; Friendship ; Goe, 
 happy rose ; Her eyes the glow-worme lend 
 thee ; Jamie ; Rose of EUesmere, etc. Pf . 
 
 SEYMOUR. 
 
 Sewell, John, organist and composer. 
 Has been organist for many years at St. 
 Leonard's Church, Bridgenorth, Shropshire, 
 where he is a music-seller. Composer of 
 anthems. Break forth into joy ; Blessed are 
 the undefiled ; This is the day ; etc. The 
 Order of Service, with choral responses, Lon- 
 don, Skeffington, 1892. 
 
 Another John Sewell graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1848; Mus. Doc, 1856, Oxford. Of him no 
 particulars can be gleaned. 
 
 William Sewell, son of the first-named, 
 was born at Bridgenorth. Educated at 
 R.A.M. Balfe Scholar, 1876; Novello Scholar. 
 1879, A. R.A.M. Organist of Christ Church, 
 Clapham, 1882; the Oratory, Edgbaston, 1886 
 to present time. Has given organ recitals, 
 Bridgenorth, 1882-5, etc. He has composed 
 a ]\Iass of St. Philip Neri ; ]\Iagnificat ; O 
 Salutaris Hostia ; Tantum Ergo, performed 
 at the Brompton Oratory ; Ave Maria, and 
 other church music. Eclogue, orchestra ; 
 Quartet and trio, pf. and strings ; Sonata, 
 pf. and violoncello ; pieces for pf., etc. 
 
 Sexton, William, composer and organist, 
 born in 1764. Chorister in St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor, and Eton College, 1773. 
 He studied under Edward Webb. Organist, 
 sub-precentor, and master of choristers, St. 
 George's Chapel, Windsor, 1801. He died 
 about 1824. Composer of anthems, glees, and 
 songs ; and edited Handel's Chandos Anthem, 
 1808. 
 
 Sexton, William, alto vocalist, born at 
 Norwich. Chorister, Norwich Cathedral, and 
 pupil of Dr. Buck. Sometime member of the 
 choirs of York Minster, and St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor. Appointed vicar choral of 
 Westminster Abbey, 1875. Sometime con- 
 ductor of Brixton Choral and other societies. 
 The Meister Glee Singers, consisting of Messrs. 
 Sexton, G. Hast, W. G. Torington, and W. 
 Norcross, have gained a high reputation for 
 finished part-singing. They have been heard 
 at many concerts in London and the provinces 
 from 1890. 
 
 Seymour, Charles A., violinist, born at 
 Edinburgh in 1810. He studied at the R.A.M., 
 and in 1830 became principal violinist in 
 Queen Adelaide's private band. Leader of 
 Manchester Concert-Hall orchestra, 1838 ; 
 and leader of Halle's band from 1858. For 
 some years he gave annual series of chamber 
 concerts in Manchester. He died at IMan- 
 chester, November 1, 1875. 
 
 Seymour, Joseph, organist, composer 
 and writer, born at Cork, May 14, 1854. 
 Studied at Maliues under Lemmens, and at 
 Ratisbon under Dr. Haberl. Succeeded his 
 father as organist at St. Peter and St. Paul's 
 Church, Cork, 1878 ; and has been organist 
 at St. Andrew's, Westland Row, Dublin, from 
 1881 to present time. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 367 
 
 SHAKESPEARE. 
 
 Trinity College, Dublin, 1892. Professor of 
 Music in Board of Education Training 
 College, Drumcondra ; Examiner, Royal Irish 
 Academy of Music, etc. Editor of Lyra 
 Ecclesiastica, Dublin, 1884-91; correspondent 
 to several musical journals. 
 
 Works.— Mass Adeste Fideles, 1886 ; Mass 
 in A flat (prize), 1888 ; Missa Trinitatis ; Te 
 Deum (prize), 1895 ; Six Motets (Archbishop 
 of Dublin lirize), 1889; other church composi- 
 tions. An Irish ]\Iay-Day, children's operetta 
 on Irish Airs ; Seven Irish Airs, arranged. 
 Part-song, Bells of Shandon ; Lodore (prize), 
 etc. Editor of Curwen's Latin Series of 
 church compositions ; and other collections. 
 
 Shakespeare, William, tenor vocalist 
 and composer, born at Croydon, June 16, 1849. 
 After singing in a choir he became an organist 
 at thirteen, and pupil of Molique. In 1866 
 gained a King's Scholarship, R.A.M. Won 
 the Mendelssohn Scholarship, 1871, and 
 studied at Leipzig. A tenor voice of promise 
 developing, be was sent to Milan to study 
 singing under Lamperti. Returning to 
 England in 1875, he sang at the Monday 
 Popular, Crystal Palace, and other metropoli- 
 tan concerts for some years, as also in the 
 provinces, and at the Leeds Festival, 1877. 
 He was appointed a professor of singing at the 
 R.A.M. in 1878 ; and Conductor of the Con- 
 certs in 1880, resigning this office In 1886. 
 F. R.A.M. He is now chiefly known as a 
 teacher, but sings occasionally at concerts. 
 His chief compositions are a Dramatic 
 Overture, 1874 ; Pf. Concerto, Brighton 
 Festival, 1879 ; with a Symphony, overtures, 
 and string quartets in MS. Also songs, and 
 pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Sharman, Percy Victor, violinist, born 
 at Norwood, Surrey, in 1870. In his thirteenth 
 year he gained a Scholarship at the R.C.M., 
 for three years, which was extended for two 
 years more, as he showed conspicuous talent. 
 He also obtained the Exhibition of £60 per 
 annum, for four years, the gift of the Worship- 
 ful Company of Skinners. This was for the 
 purpose of enabling him to continue his 
 studies abroad. Accordingly ho entered the 
 Royal High School of Music, at Berlin, as a 
 pupil of Dr. Joachim. Since 1887 he has 
 appeared with success on the concert platform, 
 and was the violinist of Mr. Sims Reeves' 
 touring party, 1890-1 ; but he is chiefly devoted 
 to tuition, and since 1890, has been professor 
 of the violin at the Charterhouse School, 
 Godalming. Of his compositions only a 
 Romance for Violin, and one or two songs, 
 have been published. 
 
 Sharp, Edward, pianist and composer, 
 born at Acton, Middlesex, December 27, 1831. 
 Stvrdied at R.A.M. under Cipriani Potter, and 
 subsequently came under the notice of Thal- 
 berg from whom he obtained valuable instruc- 
 
 SHARPE. 
 
 tions and advice. He was organist at All 
 Souls, St. John's Wood, for some time from 
 1875, but has devoted his time chiefly to com- 
 position. As a painter he has also acquired 
 some repute. His compositions comprise a 
 Trio for pf. and strings ; Two Sonatas for pf. 
 and 'ceUo ; Sonata, pf. and violin ; Sonata in 
 E minor ; Six Songs without words ; Rondo 
 grazioso in G, op. 19; Twenty-four Character- 
 istic Pieces, etc., for pf. ; Various Songs. 
 
 Sharp, Francis, composer and pianist, 
 of last half of the 18th century. Author of 
 " New Guida di Musica, being a complete 
 book of instructions for beginners on the 
 Pianoforte," op. 6, London [1790] . Com- 
 poser of Six Sonatas for the Harpsichord 
 1 1785] ; Poor Mary, a ballad. 
 
 Richard Sharp, probably a relative of the 
 foregoing, composed a number of arrange- 
 ments for the pf., and songs. 
 
 IMary and L. Sharp, harp-plaj^ers who 
 played at the Birmingham Festival of 1811, 
 are probably members of the same family. 
 Mary Sharp issued a " Collection of original 
 melodies, edited by J. Relfe," London [1827]. 
 A Thomas Sharp, who lived about the same 
 time, contributed to Henley's " Divine Har- 
 mony," 1798, and to the publications of John 
 Page. 
 
 Sharp, Granville, writer, born at Dur- 
 ham in 1734; died London, July 6, 1818. 
 Author of " A Short Introduction to Vocal 
 Music, London, 1767 ; another edition, 1777. 
 Chiefly noted for his philanthropic efforts, 
 and his work on behalf of freeing negroes 
 from slavery. His memoirs were written by 
 Prince Hoare. His brothers William and 
 James, with whom he chiefly lived, were 
 musical, and gave concerts. The brothers 
 apparently possessed a large musical library, 
 as a book-plate exists, showing a view of an 
 organ in a church, with part of a choir- 
 screen, designed by Granville Sharp, and in- 
 scribed, " Messrs. Sharp, London." The 
 border of this plate is surrounded by Scrip- 
 ture texts. 
 
 Sharp, Simeon, author of " Music, a 
 Satire," London, 1824. 
 
 Sharp, Mrs. William, authoress, wife 
 of William Sharp (born Glasgow, 1855), the 
 poet and author, wrote " Great Composers," 
 London, 1887, in the Camelot Classics series ; 
 " Sea Music, an anthology of poems and pas- 
 sages descriptive of the Sea," London, 1887 ; 
 " Women's voices, .poems by English, Scotch, 
 and Irish women," London, 1887. 
 
 Sharpe, Charles Kirkpatrick, amateur 
 musician, poet, etc., born at Hoddom Castle, 
 Dumfriesshire, May 15, 1781 ; died at Edin- 
 burgh, March 18, 1851. He composed music, 
 and contributed to Stenhouse's Lyric Poetry 
 of Scotland. He also edited and published the 
 Earl of Kellie's " Minuets and Songs," 1839. 
 
3G8 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SHARPE. 
 
 Sharpe, Ethel, pianist, born in Dublin, 
 187:2. Pupil of the R.I. A.M., playing at a 
 concert, June 10, 1884, when twelve, with 
 great success. Scholar at R.U.M., studying 
 under Franklin Taylor, distinguishing herself 
 at the students' concerts. Was presented 
 with the silver medal of the Musicians' Com- 
 pany, 1891, in which year she gave her first 
 chamber concert, November 12, at the Princes' 
 Hall. She played at the Crystal Palace, 
 March '26, 1892 ; and receiving a grant from 
 the R.C.M., proceeded to the continent for 
 travel and study. Gave a recital at Vienna 
 early in 1891, creating an excellent impression. 
 Resumed her chamber concerts, London, 1895, 
 and played at the Crystal Palace, April 13, 
 Eugene d' Albert's Concerto in E, op. 12. She 
 is married to Mr. Alfred Hobday, a violinist. 
 
 Sharpe, Herbert Francis, pianist and 
 composer, born at Halifax, Yorkshire, March 
 1, 1861. Gained a Pianoforte Scholarship at 
 the opening of the National Training School 
 for Music at South Kensington, and succeeded 
 Eugene d' Albert as Queen's Scholar at the 
 same institution. From 1882 he played 
 frequently at concerts in Loudon, Bradford, 
 and throughout the North, as well as in other 
 places, with much success. He was appointed 
 a professor at the R.C.M. in 1884 ; and an 
 Examiner under the Associated Board of 
 R.A.M. and R.C.M. in 1890. His compositions 
 are already very numerous, the principal 
 being indicated in the subjoined list. 
 
 Works. — Comic opera in three acts (MS.) ; 
 Three four-part songs, with orchestra, op. 52, 
 also for female voices with pf. Songs of the 
 Year, 12 two-part songs, op. 16 ; 12 two-part 
 songs, op. 18 ; Songs of Moor and Mountain, 
 12 two-part songs, op. 19 ; Songs by the Sea, 
 12 trios, op. 25 ; Songs and duets, various. 
 Concert overture, orchestra; Romance for two 
 pianos (both in MS.) ; Variations, op. 46, for 
 two pianos ; Suite, op. 62, flute and pf. ; 
 Suite, op. 65, violin and pf. ; Four duets, op. 
 29, two violins and pf. ; Idylle, op. 38, flute 
 and pf. Pf. duet ; Five character pieces, op. 
 24 ; Three symphonic pieces, op. 59. Pf . solo : 
 Op. 1-10, pieces various ; Five pieces, op. 23 ; 
 Two nmsical sketches, op. 28 ; Suite, op. 58 ; 
 Pantomime suite, op. 61 ; Six English fanta- 
 sias, op. 71, etc. Pianoforte School, op. 60, 
 Stanley Lucas. Arrangements of Grieg's 
 Norwegian songs and dances, etc., for pf. duet. 
 
 Shaw, Mrs. Alfred, born Mary Postans, 
 contralto vocalist, born at Lee, Kent, in 1814. 
 She studied at R.A.M., and under Sir George 
 Smart, and appeared in 1834-5 at the Concert 
 of Ancient Music, and at York Festival. She 
 married Alfred Shaw, artist, in 1835. Sang 
 afterwards at all the pjrincipal festivals, and 
 sang the contralto part in IMendelssohn's 
 " St. Paul," on its first production in England. 
 Sang at Leipzig, 1838 ; in Italy, 1839, and 
 
 SHAW. 
 
 afterwards in England. She was married a 
 second time to J. F. Robinson. Her voice 
 failed owing to the shock caused by the 
 appearance of insanity in her first husband, 
 who died in a private asylum, Hoxton, No- 
 vember 23, 1847, and she retired from public 
 life soon after. She died at Hadleigh Hall, 
 Suffolk, September 9, 1876. 
 
 Shaw, George Bernard, journalist, 
 musical critic, and dramatic author, born at 
 Dublin, 26 July, 1856. Acted as musical 
 critic for The Star, and succeeded Louis Engel 
 on The World, 1891-94. Lately he has devoted 
 himself chiefly to dramatic authorship. 
 Well-known as an active socialist and leading 
 member of the Fabian Society. Author of 
 " Widowers' Houses " (Independent Theatre), 
 1892; "Arms and the Man" (Avenue Theatre), 
 1894 ; and other plays. Several novels, essays 
 on Socialism, and a series of articles on the 
 drama in the Sahirday Review, etc. 
 
 Shaw, James, organist and composer, 
 born at Leeds in 1842. Studied under R. S. 
 Burton. Organist of St. John's Episcopal 
 Chapel, Edinburgh ; St. Paul's, Edinburgh. 
 Conductor of Edinburgh Choral Union, 1862- 
 1863. Organist. Hampstead Parish Church, 
 London; CoUegiaie Chapel of St. John, 
 Clapham. Gave concerts, St. James' Hall, 
 1891-2. Formed the Middlesex Choral Union, 
 1892. Compositions : " A Thanksgiving Ode," 
 for soli, chorus, and orchestra, 1880 ; Evening 
 Service, composed for Loudon Church Choir 
 Association, 1874 ; Services and anthems. 
 Songs : Break, break ; Angel's Welcome ; 
 Morning Greeting, etc. Part-songs. Three 
 Sketches ; Introduction and Fugue ; Two 
 grand Studies ; and other pf. pieces. Minuet ; 
 March ; ]\Ieditation, etc., organ. 
 
 Shaw, Sidney, composer, born at Parn- 
 worth, Lancashire. Began his musicial 
 studies with the violin, and then placed 
 himself under Dr. W. Rohner, of Liverpool, 
 for five years, for composition. During that 
 time he composed and produced, at Liverpool, 
 an operetta, " Love's Trial," 1882, and another 
 work of the same kind. He went to Leipzig, 
 and studied at the Couservatorium, and there 
 wrote the oratorio, " Gethsemane," which 
 was produced at St. Janres' Hall, London, 
 November 26, 1886. His other works include 
 a Romance for violin ; a Bolero, and other pf . 
 pieces. So7igs : Suspense ; The Angel and 
 the Child ; Three songs (Byron), etc. In 
 1892-3, he was conductor of the Georgina 
 Burns "Cinderella " company. 
 
 Shaw, Thomas, violinist and composer, 
 of latter part of the 18th and early part of the 
 19th centuries. Composer of The Stranger 
 (opera), 1798 ; The Island of Marguerite 
 (opera), 1789 ; anthem on the death of 
 Princess Charlotte [1817] ; Trio for 2 violins 
 and 'cello ; four sets of Sonatas for pf., op. 9, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 369 
 
 SHAW. 
 
 etc. [1795-98] ; Concertos for violin and pf. ; 
 Solo for llute, op. 8 ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Shaw, William Maxwell, musician and 
 editor, horn at Aberdeen about the middle of 
 last century. He studied under Urbani, and 
 was precentor successively of the High Church, 
 Inverness, and West Church, Aberdeen, 1797- 
 1805. He was a successful teacher of vocal 
 music, and sang at concerts in Edinburgh. 
 In 1805 he went to Boston, U.S., where he 
 died in July of the same year. He compiled 
 "A Collection of Church Tunes, compiled and 
 composed for the improvement of those who 
 may not have the opportunity of teachers to 
 instruct them, with the simple graces the 
 author rises in singing. ." Aberdeen, n.d. 
 
 Shedlock, John South, pianist, critic, 
 and author, born at Reading, 18'43. Graduated 
 B.A., London University, 1864. Studied pf. 
 under E. Liibeck, and composition under Ed. 
 Lalo, at Paris. On his return to London he 
 was principally engaged in teaching, occasion- 
 ally giving some excellent chamber concerts, 
 up to 1879, when he became musical critic of 
 the Academy, and from that time he devoted 
 himself chiefl\" to musical literature. In 
 1875, however, he had contributed articles on 
 Raff's Symphonies to the Montldy Musical 
 Record. Other papers followed : and in 1892 
 he began an elaborate series of articles on 
 Beethoven's Sketch Books in the Musical 
 Times. In 1893 he discovered, at Berlin, a 
 copy of Cramer's Studies, with comments by 
 Beethoven. An account of this he published 
 with a preface, and explanatory notes. He 
 edited Kuhnau's "Biblical Sonatas," 1895; 
 and played them at the R.A.M., 1896, to illus- 
 trative lectures by E. F. Jacques; also edited 
 a Selection of Harpsichord pieces by Bernardo 
 Pasquini. He has lectured at the R.A.M., 
 and been a busy worker for music in many 
 ways. Author of " The Pianoforte Sonata, 
 its origin and development, London, Methuen, 
 1895. His most important composition is a 
 Quartet for pf . and strings, 1886 ; he has also 
 written a Romance and Scherziuo, etc., for pf. 
 
 Shelmerdine, William, organist and 
 conductor, born at Salford, Manchester. 
 Chorister in the Collegiate Church (now the 
 Cathedral). Studied in London, under Robert 
 Barnett, and Sterndale Bennett. Settled in 
 Melton ]\Iowbray as a teacher. About 1850 
 he obtained the post of organist at the 
 Mechanics' Institute, Nottingham, and formed 
 a large vocal class in connection with it. This 
 afterwards became the Nottingham Sacred 
 Harmonic Society, Shelmerdine being at first 
 organist, and then conductor. He was also 
 organist at the Baptist Chapel, Derby Road, 
 soon after taking up his abode at Nottingham. 
 He was active as a teacher, and exerted great 
 influence in the town. In 1878 he retired, 
 and went to reside at Pwllheli, North Wales, 
 
 • SHEPLEY. 
 
 where he died, February 20, 189-3. He edited 
 a Collection of Psalms and Chants from the 
 old masters, London [1857] ; " 180 Chants, 
 ancient and modern," London, Virtue, 1861, 
 also 1864 ; The Amateur Pedalist, an intro- 
 duction to the use of the pedal organ [1858] ; 
 and composed sonic church music and songs. 
 
 Shenton, Rev. Robert, clergyman and 
 musician, was B.A., Oxford, 1750 ; M.A., 
 Cantab., 1757. He became vicar-choral, 
 Hereford Cathedral ; Dean's vicar at Christ 
 Church, 1757, and vicar of St. Patrick's 
 Cathedral, Dublin, 1758. Dean's vicar at 
 St. Patrick's, 1783. He died at Dublin in 
 1798. Composer of anthems and other 
 church music. 
 
 Shepherd, Charles Henry, organist 
 and composer, was born in 1847. Student 
 and Associate, R.A.M. After holding appoint- 
 ments in London, he became organist of St. 
 Thomas's Church, Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1876, 
 and died there, April 29, 1886. He composed 
 a Te Deum, anthems ; The lass I left ashore ; 
 Do or die ; The moon shines o'er the lake, 
 love ; and other songs ; pf . pieces, etc. His 
 wife was a soprano vocalist, favourably known 
 in the North. 
 
 Shepherd, William, violinist and com- 
 poser, was born at Edinburgh about 1760. 
 He was a partner with Nathaniel Gow in the 
 firm of Gow and Shepherd, 16, Princes 
 Street, Edinburgh, and he performed at con- 
 certs. He died at Edinburgh, January 19, 
 1812. He edited two collections of Strath- 
 spey reels ; "A collection of Strathspey reels 
 ..with a bass for the violoncello or harp- 
 sichord," Edinburgh, n.d.; "A second col- 
 lection of StrathsjDcy reels . . for the piano- 
 forte, violin and violoncello," Edinburgh, n.d. 
 
 Shepherdson, William, organist and 
 author, born 1817 ; died, October 12, 1884, 
 Wrote " The Organ, hints on its construction, 
 purchase, and preservation," London, 1873. 
 
 Shepley, Daniel Sutton, bass vocalist, 
 born at Macclesfield, 1853. As a boy he had 
 no singing voice, but played several instru- 
 ments. In 1866 his parents removed to 
 Halifax, and he was apprenticed to a firm of 
 engineers. His voice developing, he took 
 lessons from Mr. W. R. Eckersley, of Halifax, 
 and soon became a popular oratorio singer 
 in the North. Later on he studied under 
 Dr. Varley Roberts, Alfred Blume, and the 
 late J. B. Welch. In 1879 came an offer to 
 join the Carl Rosa Opera Company ; but a 
 vacancy occurring in the choir of Lincoln 
 Cathedral at the same time, Mr. Shepley, by 
 the advice of friends, chose the latter, and 
 obtained the post. A year later he was 
 promoted to St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 
 taking up his duties January, 1881. While 
 there he was a member of Her Majesty's 
 private choir. In 1887 he was appointed a 
 
 X 
 
370 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SHBPPARD. 
 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Roj'al, St. James's. 
 He has done much useful work as a concert 
 singer, and also as a teacher. His wife was 
 a contralto vocalist, and, as Miss Sabah 
 Riley, was widely known in the North as a 
 concert singer. She died at Brixton, July 
 12, 1894, at the early age of thirty-three. 
 
 Sheppard, Elizabeth Sara, novelist, 
 horn at Blackhoath, London, in 1830; died 
 at Brixton, London, March 13, 1862. She 
 wrote a number of novels, of which " Charles 
 Auchester," 1853, 3 vols., and "Rumour," 
 1858, 3 vols., deal with music and musicians. 
 The character of Seraphael in " Charles 
 Auchester" is intended for INIendelssohn. 
 
 Sheppard, Rev. Henry Fleetwood, 
 clergyman and musician. Minor canon of 
 Gloucester and Windsor ; sub-dean, Chapel 
 Royal, Savoy, 1884. Composer of anthems, 
 O Lord, the very heavens ; If the Lord Him- 
 self ; and arranger of settings of Te Deum, 
 Benedictus, Magnificat, and Nunc Dimittis 
 to ancient melodies, Gregorian Tones ; Series 
 of Church Songs, 1884, 2 sets, etc. Collabora- 
 tor with Rev. S. Baring-Gould {q.r.) in col- 
 lecting and arranging " Songs and ballads of 
 the West " [1891] ; "A Garland of Country 
 Song," Methuen, 1895; English Minstrelsie, 
 Edinburgh, Jack, 1895-96. 
 
 Sheppard, or Shepherd, John, organist 
 and composer of the 16th century. He was 
 a chorister in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, 
 and afterwards became instructor of choris- 
 ters and organist of Magdalen College, Oxford, 
 1542-47. He graduated Mus. Doc, Oxford, 
 in 1554. He composed, masses, motets, and 
 other Church music, mostly preserved in 
 MS. 
 
 Sheringham, J. W., clergyman, and 
 author of " Our Choir Festivals : can they 
 be reformed without abolition?" Gloucester, 
 1874. 
 
 Sherrington, Hellen, Madame Lemmens 
 Sherrington, soprano vocalist, horn at Pres- 
 ton, Lancashire, October 4, 1834. The family 
 migrated to Rotterdam in 1838. There the 
 daughter studied under Verhulst; in 1852 
 entered the Brussels Conservatoire, taking 
 first prize for singing and declamation. ]\Iade 
 her first appearance in London, April 7, 1856, 
 at the Amateur Musical Society's Concert, 
 Hanover Square Rooms. She soon obtained 
 a leading position, and was heard at tiie 
 Birmingham Festivals from 1861 ; the Three 
 Choirs, Worcester, 1863-72. In 1880 she was 
 nominated a professor of singing at the 
 Brussels Conservatoire, but undertook a tour 
 in the provinces, 1883-4. She made a special 
 visit to London in 1889, to sing in Benoit's 
 " Lucifer " at the Albert Hall, Ax^ril 3. In 
 1891 she resigned her professorship at Brussels, 
 and accepted one at the R.A.M., London, the 
 same year, which she still retains, and was 
 
 SHIELD. 
 
 elected an Hon. Member of the Institution. 
 In opera she made her debut at Her Majesty's 
 Theatre, October 10, 1860, as A/aid Marian, 
 in Macfarren's "Robin Hood," and "took the 
 audience by storm." She first sang in Italian 
 Opera at the same theatre in May, 1866, as 
 Adalgisa in " Norma," appearing later in 
 many operas, English, French, and Italian. 
 She married, in 1857, Nicolas Lemmens, the 
 eminent Belgian organist and composer, who 
 died January 30, 1881. Two daughters, Mary 
 and Ella, made successful first appearances at 
 the Royal Academy of Music, Louvain, Nov- 
 ember 6, 1881 ; and both have been heard in 
 London and the provinces, at times from 
 1882. Madame Sherrington is the composer 
 of some songs. 
 
 Sherrington, Jose, soprano vocalist, 
 younger sister of Madame Lemmens-Sherring- 
 ton, was horn at Rotterdam, October 27, 1850. 
 Studied at Brussels under Madame Meyer- 
 Boulard, and Signor Chiriamonte. Made her 
 appearance in England in 1871, and sung at 
 her sister's concerts in London, 1872, and in 
 the provinces. Toured in Holland in 1878, 
 but has resided chiefly in England since. 
 
 Sherwin, Amy, soprano vocalist, born in 
 Tasmania. Received her first instruction 
 from her mother, then joined an Italian 
 operatic troupe, and made her debut at Mel- 
 bourne in " Lucia di Lammermoor." In 
 1879 went to America; sang in New York; at 
 the Cincinnati Festival, and principal concerts, 
 1880-1. Studied under Theodore Thomas, 
 Dr. Damrosch and others ; and returning to 
 Europe, studied at Frankfort with Stock- 
 hausen ; IMadame Hustache at Paris ; and 
 also Vannuccini and Ronconi. Made her 
 debut at Drury Lane, April 7, 1883, m the 
 title part of " Maritana," with Carl Rosa 
 Company ; sang at the Proinenade, Richter, 
 Crystal Palace, and provincial concerts, 1884-5. 
 Again went to America ; and in 1888 under- 
 took a tour through Australia, India, China, 
 etc., singing once more in London, July, 1890. 
 In 1896 she took her own opera company to 
 South Africa. 
 
 Sherwood, Percy, pianist and composer, 
 born May 23, 1866. Nephew of Edward 
 Lawrance {([.v.). Educated at Dresden Con- 
 servatorium, 1885-8. In 1889 he won the 
 Mendelssohn German State Prize, for a 
 Grand Requiem for soli, chorus and orchestra. 
 He was appointed a professor at the Dresden 
 Conservatorium in 1893. His works comprise 
 a Concerto for pf. and orchestra ; a Symphony ; 
 Overture to Goethe's "Gotz von Berlichingen"; 
 Sonata for pf. ; chorus and songs, etc. Also 
 chamber music, organ pieces, etc. As a 
 pianist he has been heard at many concerts in 
 Germany, and he has a high reputation. 
 
 Shield, William, composer and writer, 
 born at Whickham, Durham, March 5, 1748. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 371 
 
 SHIELD. 
 
 He studied under his father, a singing-master, 
 and practised the vioHn and harpsichord. 
 Apprenticed to a boat-builder at North 
 Shields, on the death of his father, but after- 
 wards became leader of the Newcastle Sub- 
 set iption Concerts, and studied music under 
 Avison, who befriended him. He went to 
 Scarborough as leader of the theatre orchestra, 
 a,nd the subscription concerts. Violin-player 
 in orchestra of the opera, London, 1772 ; and 
 in 1773 he was made principal viola-player. 
 Composer to Covent Garden Theatre, 1778-91 
 and 1792-97. Visited France and Italy with 
 Ritson, the antiquary, 1791. ]\Iaster of the 
 Royal Music on death of Parsons, 1817. 
 Original member of the Philharmonic Society. 
 He died at 31, Berners Street, London, Janu- 
 ary 25, 1829. Buried, February 4, in south 
 cloister of Westminster Abbey. A new stone 
 was placed over his grave in 1892. On Octo- 
 ber 19, 1891, a memorial cross was unveiled 
 by Dr. Hodgkin in Whickham churchyard. 
 
 Works. — Music to Dramas, Operas, etc. : 
 Flitch of Bacon, 1778; Lord Mayor's Day, 
 1782 ; Rosina, 1783 ; Poor soldier, 1783 ; Har- 
 lequin Friar Bacon, 1783 ; Robin Hood, 1784 ; 
 Noble peasant, 1784 ; Fontainbleau, 1784 ; 
 Magic cavern, 1784 ; Nunnery, 1785 ; Love 
 in a camp, 1785 ; Choleric fathers, 1785 ; 
 Omai, 1785 ; Richard CcBur de Lion, 1786 ; 
 Euchanted castle, 1786 ; Marian, 1788 ; 
 Prophet, 1788 ; Highland reel, 1788 ; Aladdin, 
 1788 ; Crusade, 1790 ; Picture of Paris, 1790 ; 
 Oscar and Malvina (with Reeve), 1791 ; Wood- 
 man, 1792 ; Hartford bridge, 1792 ; Har- 
 lequin's Museum, 1793; Deaf lover, 1793; 
 Midnight wanderers, 1793 ; Sprigs of laurel, 
 1793 ; Travellers in Switzerland, 1794 ; Arrived 
 at Portsmouth, 1794; Netley Abbey, 1794; 
 Mysteries of the Castle, 1795 ; Lock and key, 
 1796 ; Abroad and at home, 1796 ; Italian 
 villagers, 1797 ; The farmer, 1798 ; Two faces 
 under a hood, 1807 ; Wicklow mountains. 
 A Cento, consisting of ballads, rounds, glees, 
 and a roundelay ; Cavatinas, canzonettas, 
 etc., London [1809]. Collection of six can- 
 zonets and an elegy, London, n.d. Collection 
 of favourite songs, etc., Loudon, n.d. Six 
 trios for violin, tenor, and violoncello, Lon- 
 don, n.d., S vols. Six duos for two wolins. 
 Six quartettes, 5 for 2 violins, tenor and 'cello, 
 and 1 for flute, violin, tenor, and 'cello, 
 op. 8. An introduction to Harmony, London, 
 1800; 2nd edition, 1817, Rudiments of 
 thorough-bass for young harmonists, London, 
 1815. Numerous songs, of which the best 
 known are. The wolf ; The thorn ; Old Towler ; 
 The heaving of the lead ; The Post Captain ; 
 The plough-boy ; Death of Tom Moody ; The 
 Arethusa ; Last whistle ; Lovely Jane ; My 
 own native village ; The bud of the rose ; 
 Sailor's epitaph ; On by the spur of valour 
 goaded ; and Violet nurs'd in woodlands wild. 
 
 SHIRREFF. 
 
 Shinn, George, organist and composer, 
 born at Clerkenwell, London, IMarch 6, 1837, 
 Privately trained in music. Graduated ]\Ius. 
 Bac, Cambridge, 1880. Appointed organist 
 of St. Peter's, Hackney Road, December, 
 1858; St. Jude's, Whitechapel, June, 1863; 
 St. Paul's, Canonbury, 1866 ; St. Llatthew's, 
 Brixton, 1872 ; and Christ Church, Upper 
 Norwood, 1887, a position he still holds. 
 Published compositions — Oratorios: The Cap- 
 tives of Babylon (1887) ; Lazarus of Bethany 
 (1892). Cantatas, with readings: The Re- 
 formation (1880) ; The Victories of Judah 
 (1881); The Life of Samuel (1884). Harvest 
 "rhanksgiving Cantata (1895). School Can- 
 tatas : The Four Seasons ; The Bell Tower ; 
 The Queen of Merry May. Morning and 
 Evening Services ; Anthems ; Kyries, and 
 Hymn Tunes. Twelve School songs ; songs 
 and part-songs. Original Compositions for 
 the Organ ; Six books of Transcriptions. Six 
 violin and pf . duets ; pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 His son, Frederick George, organist, was 
 born in London in 1867. He was educated 
 at the R.C.IM. Graduated Mus. Bac, Durham, 
 1892. F.R.C.O.; A.R.C.M. Organist and 
 choirmaster, All Saint's, Clapham Park, 1888- 
 1892; St. James's, Marylebone, 1892-3; Parish 
 Church, Sydenham, 1893. Conductor of 
 Reigate Rural Deanery Choral Union, 1893 ; 
 Sydenham Choral Society. Has given organ 
 recitals in various places. Author of a bro- 
 chure ; " Forty Seasons of Saturday Concerts 
 at the CrystalPalace " (1896). 
 
 Shinner, Emily, violinist, born at Chel- 
 tenham, July 7, 1862. Began the violin at 
 an early age, and in 1874 went to Berlin and 
 studied under Jacobsen. When female violin- 
 ists were admitted to the High School in 
 1876, IMiss Shinner entered as a pupil of 
 Joachim. Played in several towns in Germany, 
 returning to England in 1881. She made a 
 successful debut, June 3, 1882, at Mr. H. R. 
 Bird's Concert, Kensington Town Hall ; was 
 heard in the provinces soon after ; at the 
 ]\Ionday Popular Concerts, February 9, 1884; 
 Crystal Palace, jMarch 8, rapidly attaining a 
 high ]Dosition. In 1887 she organised a string 
 quartet of ladies, the first concert taking 
 place at King's College, London, April 2 of 
 that year. The Shinner Quartet have played 
 in London and the provinces each year since, 
 with increasing success. In January, 1889, 
 Miss Shinner married Captain A. L. Liddell, 
 of the Artillery, the Queen sending a diamond 
 bracelet to the bride. 
 
 Shirreff, Jane, soprano vocalist, born 
 1811 She studied under Thomas Welsh. 
 Debut at Covent Garden Theatre, London, in 
 Arne's " Artaxerxes," 1831. She sang at the 
 Philharmonic Concerts, the Concerts of 
 Ancient Music, and at the Provincial Festi- 
 vals; also at Drury Lane Theatre, and in 1838, 
 
372 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY 
 
 SHIRREFS. 
 
 she appeared in America with Seguiu's com- 
 pany. Married Mr. J. Walcott, secretary of 
 the Army and Navy Club, and retired. She 
 died at Kensington, London, December 23, 
 1883. 
 
 Shirrefs, Andrew, poet and musician, 
 was born at Aberdeen in 1762. He was edu- 
 cated at the Grammar School and Marischal 
 College, Aberdeen, and graduated M.A. in 
 1783. He was a stationer and publisher in 
 Aberdeen and Edinburgh, and edited the 
 Aberdeen Chronicle and the Caledonian Mag- 
 azine. In 1798, he went to Loudon and 
 seems to have died there about 1801. His 
 only known contributions to music were, 
 " iorty Pieces of original music, inscribed to 
 the Earl of Buchan," Aberdeen, n.d. [1788], 
 and " The overture, airs, songs, and duetts in 
 the Scots pastoral comedy of ' Jamie and 
 Bess,' " Edinburgh, n.d. He is best remem- 
 bered as the author of " Jamie and Bess." 
 
 Shoel, Thomas, composer, born at Mont- 
 acute, Somerset, in 1759 ; died 1823. Com- 
 piler of Thirty Psalm Tunes, first sett ; 
 Twenty-four Psalm Tunes, 2 hymns and 3 
 easy anthems, London [1801] ; Book of Psalm 
 Tunes, Hymns, and Anthems, London, 1800- 
 6, 6 vols. ; The Chearful Psalmodist, a new 
 set of tunes, London [1809] ; Ode for Christ- 
 mas Day, 1804 ; Peace, a two-part song ; 
 Shipwrecked Boy, duet ; and songs. 
 
 Shore, John, trumpeter, was born in the 
 latter part of the 17th century. He succeeded 
 his brother William in office of sergeant 
 trumpeter. Trumpeter in the Queen's band. 
 He died November 20, 1750. He is credited 
 with the invention of the tuning-fork. The 
 most celebrated trumpet-jjlaj'er of his time. 
 He was succeeded in his office by Valentine 
 Snow. His sisttr Catherine, born in 1668, 
 was a i^upil of H. Purcell. Married Colley 
 Cibber in 1693. Appeared as a singer in 
 operas by Purcell and others. She died in 
 1730, The founder of the Shore family was 
 Matthias (died 1700), who was King's 
 trumpeter in 1685, and was succeeded by his 
 son William (died 1707). 
 
 Shore, William, amateur composer, born 
 at Manchester, November 21, 1791. Was 
 founder and musical director of the Man- 
 chester Madrigal Society, and hon. secretary 
 of the Gentlemen's Glee Club. He died at 
 Buxton, January 16, 1877. He edited " Sacred 
 Music, selected and arranged from the works 
 of the most eminent composers. ...," Lon- 
 don [1835] , and composed glees, and the 
 well-known trio, " Willie brew'd a peck o' 
 maut" [1840]; anthems, songs, and ^t. 
 music. 
 
 Short, Joseph, composer and organist, 
 born at Caldmore, Walsall, Staffordshire, 
 May 22, 1831. Received his early training 
 in the local Roman Catholic Church choir. 
 
 SHRUBSOLE. 
 
 and became acquainted with much of the 
 finest ecclesiastical music. Self-instructed in 
 harmony and composition. Appointed or- 
 ganist of the Roman Catholic Church at 
 Wednesbury in 1853, and later of St. Mary's, 
 Walsall, where he began to produce the 
 masses of the great composers with full 
 orchestra. He went to Birmingham in 1801, 
 and, having a good bass voice, was appointed 
 cantor of St. Chad's Roman Catholic Cathe- 
 dral, moving in 1867 to St. Joseph's, Nechells. 
 About this time he published a " Salve 
 Regina," which became popular. In October, 
 1872, he accepted the office of choir-master 
 at St. Michael's, Moor Street, Birmingham, 
 which he still holds, and has made famous 
 by the production of great works. He con- 
 ducted a performance in this church of 
 Schubert's Mass in F, in 1873, and gave the 
 same at a concert in the Masonic Hall, Bir- 
 mingham, September 7, 1875, with full or- 
 chestra, being the first performances of the 
 mass in England. For some years he gave 
 concerts in the Birmingham Town Hall. He 
 was chosen as the English representative to 
 give information to the Sacred Congregation 
 of Rites in the revision of the Liturgical rules 
 for the guidance of composers of Roman 
 Catholic Church music, a great mark of dis- 
 tinction. His devotion to music has been 
 his recreation, he being occupied in business 
 as a merchant. 
 
 Works. — Masses : St. Joseph (dedicated to 
 Cardinal Newman), produced Birmingham 
 Town Hall, December 9, 1880; St. George, 
 1880, both for soli, chorus, organ and or- 
 chestra. Offer to?nums : Ave Maria; Beata 
 es Virgo Maria ; Benedic Anima Mea Domino ; 
 Benedicite Dominum ; Deus Israel, quartet 
 and chorus ; De Profundis, baritone solo, 
 with strings ; Adoramus Te, for strings. 
 Marche Cardinale, for orchestra. In MS. 
 two masses; a cantata, The Nativity; motets, 
 etc. 
 
 Shoubridge, James, musician and tenor 
 singer, born at Canterbury, in 1804. He was 
 a teacher there for a time, but died in 
 London, December, 1872. He was appointed 
 conductor of the Cecilian Society, London, 
 1852. Composer of " Twenty-four original 
 Psalm and Hymn tunes, for 4 voices," n.d. 
 
 Shrubsole, William, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Canterbury in 1760. He was 
 a chorister in Canterbury Cathedral from 
 1770 till 1777. In September, 1782, he was 
 appointed organist of Bangor Cathedral at a 
 salary of forty guineas a year. In December, 
 1783, he was dismissed for being too closely 
 connected "with one Abbott late of this place," 
 and for " frequenting conventicles." He 
 therefore next became organist of Spa Fields 
 Chapel, Clerkenwell, in 1784, and held the 
 post till his death, at London, January 18,, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 373 
 
 SHUTTLEWORTH. 
 
 1806. He was buried in Buiihill Fields, 
 London, where a monument marks his grave. 
 This was restored by public subscriptions 
 collected by Mr. F. G. Edwards, in 1892. 
 Benjamin Jacob and William Russell were 
 among his pupils. Shrubsole is now chiefly 
 remembered as the composer of the once pop- 
 ular hymn tune called " Miles Lane," or 
 sometimes " Scarborough." 
 
 Shuttleworth, Obadiah, organist, vio- 
 linist, and composer, born at Spitalfields, 
 London, 1675. Violinist at the Swan Tavern 
 Concerts, Cornhill, 1728. Organist succes- 
 sively of St. Michael's, Cornhill, and of the 
 Temple Church. Composer of concertos and 
 sonatas for violin. He died in 1735. 
 
 Sibbald, James, publisher and bookseller 
 in Edinburgh, who was born about 1717, and 
 died at Edinburgh, April S, 1803. He edited 
 " The Vocal Magazine, containing a selection 
 of the most esteemed English, Scots, and 
 Irish Songs, ancient and modern, adapted for 
 the harpsichord and violin," Edinburgh, 
 1797-99. 8 vols., issued in 19 parts. A second 
 series only reached a few parts. " Collection 
 of catches, canons, glees, etc., in score, from 
 the works of the most eminent composers, 
 ancient and modern," Edinburgh, 3 vols.,nd. 
 
 Sibly, Stephen, organist, born in 1766. 
 He was organist of St. Thomas', Portsmouth, 
 and of St. John's Chapel, Portsea, for 52 years. 
 He died at Portsmouth, September 23, 1812. 
 
 Sime, David, musician and teacher, born 
 about the middle of last century. He was a 
 teacher in Edinburgh, where he died on July 
 7, 1807. He edited " The Edinburgh Musical 
 IMiscellany, a collection of the most approved 
 Scotch, Englisli, and Irish songs, set to 
 music," Edinburgh, 1792-3, 2 vols ; 2nd 
 edition, 1808, 2 vols. 
 
 Simms. A remarkable family of organists. 
 John Simms, the founder, was born in Staf- 
 fordshire about the middle of the eighteenth 
 century. He was brought up to the counting- 
 house, but continued in his father's business, 
 the iron trade, for some years. Cultivating 
 his passion for music, he became a fair player 
 on the organ and violin. Afterwards he 
 devoted himself to the construction of in- 
 struments, and made, among others, an 
 upright harpsichord, which was publicly 
 exhibited. The date of his death is not 
 known. He had a family of eight sons and 
 two daughters, who were all musical, as was 
 his wife. Of his sons. Bishop Simms suc- 
 ceeded Joseph Harris, Mus. Bac. , as organist 
 of St. Philip's, Birmingham, and was also 
 organist of St. Mary's Chapel in that town. 
 He was a violinist, and one of the orchestra 
 at the Birmingham Festivals from 1805. Date 
 of death unknown. James Simms was organist 
 of Bromsgrove Parish Churcli, and also at 
 Chaddesley, Worcester, but nothing is known 
 
 SIMMS. 
 
 of him after 1826. Samuel Simms, was 
 esteemed one of the finest players of his 
 time, In 1805 he was a candidate for the 
 post of organist at Whitchurch, Salop, but 
 the conditions were so unsatisfactory that 
 only three of those assembled would compete. 
 A curious letter on the subject appeared in 
 Aris's Gazette, Birmingham, April 15, 1805. 
 He was organist of St. Thomas's, Stourbridge, 
 for half a century, and died sometime before 
 1860. Edward Simms was organist of Asburn 
 and Oakover, Staffs., but no details can be 
 obtained about him. Henry Simjis was an 
 organist at Stourbridge, and another son, 
 Jesse, was a musician. 
 
 Simms, Edward, son of Edward Simms 
 named in the preceding article, was born at 
 Oldswinford, Worcestershire, February 10, 
 1800. At the age of six he commenced his 
 studies under his uncles at Stourbridge ; and 
 when ten assisted his uncle James at Broms- 
 grove. He was ax^pointed organist at Wom- 
 bourne, near Wolverhampton, in 1813. W^ent 
 to London in 1816, and studied under Thomas 
 Adams, and Kalkbrenner. In 1818 he removed 
 to Coventrv, and was organist successively of 
 Holy Trinity, 1821 ; St. John's, 1825 (having 
 meantime held an appointment for three years 
 in Birmingham) ; and St. jNIichael's, 1828, 
 holding this last office for the period of 58 
 years, resigning in 1886. Established the 
 Coventry Choral Society about 1836, and did 
 much to disseminate a taste for music in the 
 district. He had many pupils of distinction, 
 including the novelist George Eliot, and it is 
 to him that reference is made in " Jliddle- 
 march." He composed numerous pieces, but 
 published very little. His death took place 
 at Coventry, January 15, 1893. 
 
 Simms, Henry, organist and pianist, born 
 in 1801. Son of Jesse Simms. He was a 
 pupil of ]Moscheles for pf., to whom he dedi- 
 cated a Polacca. Appointed organist of Holy 
 Trinity, Bordesley, in 1825, he held that office 
 until 1875 ; whilst he was also organist at St. 
 Philip's, Birmingham, 1829-71. He was 
 famous as an extempore player, and widely 
 known as a teacher of pf . and singing. His 
 compositions were chiefl\" teaching pieces for 
 pf . and songs ; but he also wrote a Communion 
 Service which remained in MS. He died, 
 May 1, 1872. 
 
 Robert Henry, his eldest son, was born at 
 Highgate, Birmingham, in 1829. Pupil of 
 his father, and later of R.A.M. In 1851 he 
 was appointed Music blaster at Chester 
 College ; and organist at Wrexham Parish 
 Church in 1853. Up to June 29, 1856, he 
 occupied his usual post at the organ, but the 
 }iext Sunday he expired as the bells were 
 ringing for morning Service. His brother 
 arrived from Birmingham the previous even- 
 ing, to take his place, but on the Sunday, by 
 
374 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SIMMS. 
 
 the Vicar's desire, the organ remained silent 
 as a mark of respect to the artist so suddenly 
 passed away. 
 
 Edward Bishop Simms, the second son of 
 Henry Simms, was also the pupil of his father. 
 He studied pf. under Cipriani Potter. Suc- 
 ceeded his brother as organist of Wrexham 
 Parish Church, August, 1856 ; and resigned in 
 December, 1894. He was Music Master at 
 Chester College, 1856-86 ; and is still resident 
 at Wrexham as a teacher. 
 
 Simms, Samuel, organist and composer, 
 born at Stourbridge in 1836. Eldest son and 
 pupil of Samuel Simms, previously noticed. 
 He succeeded his father as organist of St. 
 Thomas's Church, Stourbridge, and remained 
 there for some years. Afterwards he took an 
 appointment at St. John's, Ladywood, Bir- 
 mingham ; and was lastly organist of St. 
 Cyprian's, Hay Mills, Birmingham, a church 
 distinguished for its ornate musical services. 
 (His brother, the Rev. G. Handel Simms, 
 tsecame vicar of that church). He was conduc- 
 tor of the Brierley Hill Choral Society from its 
 formation ; was a skilful organist and pianist. 
 Hiscompositions included Services, anthems, 
 and organ pieces. He died at Stourbridge, 
 February 22, 1885. His eldest son, Samuel, 
 succeeded him as organist of St. Cyprian's, 
 and retains that position to the present time. 
 
 Simms, Arthur, organist and conaposer, 
 born at Birmingham, Jirne 11, 18.39. Son of 
 the first-named Samuel Simms. Pupil of 
 his uncle, Henry Simms. Was assistant 
 organist of St. Philip's and Holy Trinity, 
 Birmingham, 1856-65. Appointed organist of 
 Shifnall Parish Church, 1866; Wilmslow, 
 Cheshire, 1870; St. Mary's Episcopal Church, 
 Glasgow, 1875 ; Organist and music master. 
 Forest School, Walthamsfcow, 1880; Hythe 
 Parish Church, 1893, to present time. Grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1874. At Shifnall 
 he was conductor of the Philharmonic Society; 
 and while at Glasgow he directed a perform- 
 ance of Bach's Passion Music, in 1877. He 
 is corresjpondence tutor of Queen Margaret 
 College, Glasgow. His compositions are : 
 Lazarus, an oratorio ; Psalm 33, for voices and 
 orchestra, both in MS. Anthems published 
 for Christmas, Easter, Ascension, Annuncia- 
 tion, and Harvest. Service for Holy Commu- 
 nion. Impromptu for organ, etc. 
 
 Simper, Caleb, organist and composer, 
 born at Barford St. Martin, Wilts., September 
 12, 1856. Fourteen years organist at St. 
 Mary Magdalene, Worcester, and manager to 
 E. J. Spark. Now resident at Barnstaple, 
 devoting himself exclusively to composition. 
 He has composed a large number of simple 
 anthems — I will feed my flock ; He is risen ; 
 Fear not, O land ; Break forth into joy, etc. ; 
 also prize hymn tunes, Manchester Sunday 
 School Uijion, etc. 
 
 SIMPSON. 
 
 Simpson, Christopher, or Sympson, 
 violinist and writer, born [about 1610]. He 
 was originally a soldier in the army raised by 
 the Duke of Newcastle for service of Charles 
 
 1. Being a Roman Catholic, he was patron- 
 ized by Sir Robert BoUes of Leicestershire, 
 whose son he taught the viol. He died at 
 Turnstile, Holborn, London, about 1677. 
 
 Works. — The Division-Violist, or an Intro- 
 duction to the playing upon a Ground, divided 
 in two parts, the first directing the hand, 
 with other preparative instructions ; the 
 second laying open the method and manner 
 of playing, or composing divisions to a ground, 
 London, 1659 ; 2nd edition as " Chelys Minuri- 
 tionum artificio exornata, sive ]\Iinuritiones 
 ad Basin, etiam extempore modulandi ratio. . 
 or the Division Viol, etc., London, 1667 ; 3rd 
 edition, with portrait, 1712. The Principles 
 of Practical Musick, London, 1665; 2nd 
 edition, A Compendium of Practical Music, in 
 5 parts : 1. The Rudiments of Song ; 2. The 
 Principles of Composition ; 3. The Use of 
 Discords ; 4. The form of Figurate Descant ; 
 5. The Contrivance of Canon. .London, 1667. 
 Of this work there are many editions dated 
 and undated to about 1760. Art of Discant, 
 or Composing Musick in Parts, by Dr. 
 Thomas Campion, with Annotations thereon 
 by Mr. Christopher Simpson, London, 1655. 
 Also contained in Playford's " Introduction." 
 
 Simpson, Frederick James, composer, 
 born at Portobello, near Edinburgh, Decem- 
 ber 12, 1856. Educated at the Edinburgh 
 Academy, and later in England and Switzer- 
 land. Entered the Leipzig Conservatorium, 
 1887, studying under Alfred Richter ; in 
 1879-80 studied at the National Training 
 School for Music, London, under E. Prout, 
 F. Taylor, and J. F. Bridge. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Oxford, 1886 ; and further studied com- 
 position with Ludwig Bussler, Berlin, 1887-8. 
 He has given concerts at Edinburgh and 
 elsewhere. His compositions include a 
 Symphony in C ; overture " Robert Bruce " 
 (produced at the Crystal Palace, November 
 
 2, 1889) ; which, with a sonata for pf. and 
 violin, and two pf. sonatas, remain in MS. 
 He has also composed a cantata, "The 
 Departure of Summer," for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra; " Coronach " (from Scott's "Lady 
 of the Lake," produced at Edinbui'gh, April 
 8, 1891); "Come to the Woods," song, with 
 violin obligato ; A Message to Phyllis, and 
 other songs, duets, part-songs, etc. Four 
 sketches; Tone pictures for the young; and 
 other pf . pieces ; Cavatina in F, violin ; 
 Allegro giocoso, two violins, etc. 
 
 Simpson, James F., composer and 
 pianist, Ijorn in 1845 ; died in London, 
 October 11, 1882. In addition to a large 
 number of album sketches, galops, and tran- 
 scriptioiis for the pf. he composed incidental 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 375 
 
 SIMPSON. 
 
 music to The Miller and his man, 1875, and 
 wrote "Nursery rhymes and children's songs " 
 London [1881]; "Six Scottish songs, the 
 poetry selected from R. Burns" [1872] ; part- 
 songs, songs, and other works. 
 
 Simpson, John, musician of first half of 
 the 18th century, wrote " Delightful pocket 
 companion for the German flute," London 
 [1740]. Another John Simpson, who flour- 
 ished later in the century, composed " Twelve 
 voluntaries, .for the organ or pf. to which 
 are prefixed some remarks on stringed musical 
 instruments." London [1800] . 
 
 Simpson, John, member of a music pub- 
 lishing firm in London, wrote "Easy method 
 of learning the Concertina," London [1855]; 
 " Easy method of plaj-ing the Accordion, 
 German Accordion, or Flutina, London [1876] ; 
 Complete book of Instructions for the Flute ; 
 Arrangements for the Accordion, etc. These 
 instruction books are issued in various editions. 
 
 Simpson, Palgrave, amateur musician 
 and writer, born about 1815. Solicitor prac- 
 tising in Liverpool, where lie died, January 
 22, 1891, at the age of 75. Author of " The 
 Bandmaster's Guide," 2 vols., London, 
 Boosey, 1885. 
 
 Simpson, Robert, composer, was born 
 at Glasgow, November 4, 1790. He was a 
 weaver by trade, and led the singing in Dr. 
 Wardlaw's church, Glasgow, for a time. 
 Afterwards he was precentor and session 
 clerk of the East Parish Church, Greenock, 
 from 1823. He died at Greenock, in July or 
 Augus^t, 1832. He composed or adapted the 
 tune well known in Scotland as " Ballerma," 
 which was first published in TurnbuU's 
 " Selection of Original Sacred INIusic " (form- 
 ing vol. 6 of Steven's Collection), 1833, from 
 a MS. found after Simpson's death. On the 
 strength of a by no means close resemblance, 
 the tune " Ballerma " has been assumed to 
 be a copy or adaptation of a melody composed 
 or arranged by Barthelemon (1741-1808), a 
 Frerjch violinist and composer. 
 
 Simpson, Thomas, English composer 
 and violinist, who in 1615 was violinist in the 
 chapel of the Prince of Holstein-Schaumberg. 
 Composer of " Opusculum neuer Pavanen, 
 Galliarden, Couranten, und Volten..." Frank- 
 fort, 1610; "Pavanen, Volten und Galli- 
 arden," Frankfort, 1611 ; " Tafel-Consort, 
 allerhand lustige Lieder von 4 lustrumenten 
 und Geueralbass," Hamburg, 1621. 
 
 Simpson, T., author of " The Norma 
 Virium, or ilusical Accentuator, a disquisitory 
 essay on the obstructions students meet with 
 in becoming good timeists . . .," London, n.d. 
 
 Simpson, Thomas, organist and compo- 
 ser, was born April 25, 1833. Compiler of the 
 Burnley Tune Book ; Part-songs ; Dance 
 music for pf., etc. 
 
 Sims, Thomas, composer and organist, 
 
 SINCLAIR. 
 
 issued " Fifty original psalm and hymn 
 tunes, figured for the organ," London [1816], 
 
 Sinclair, George Robertson, organist 
 and conductor, born at Croydon, October 28, 
 1863. Son of the late R. S. Sinclair, LL.D., 
 of Dublin. When eight he began his studies 
 at the R.I.A.jM., Dublin, and a year later 
 entered St. Michael's College. Tenbury, where 
 he remained six years. In 1879 he became a 
 pupil of Dr. Harford Lloyd, of Gloucester 
 Cathedral, and was his assistant organist, as 
 well as officiating at St. Mary de Crypt 
 Church. At the close of 1881 he was appointed 
 by the Chapter organist of Truro Cathedral, 
 where he worked up the choir to a high 
 efficiency, and presided over a gathering of 
 700 performers at the consecration service in 
 November, 1887. He originated, and was 
 Diocesan Choirmaster of, the Deanery of 
 Powder Choir Association, and conductor of 
 other societies. In 1889 he succeeded the 
 late Dr. Colborne as organist and master of 
 the choristers at Hereford. Conducted the 
 Hereford Festivals of 1891 and 1894 with 
 conspicuous ability. He is a brilliant organ 
 player, and has given many recitals. He 
 conducts societies at Hereford and Ross. 
 Elected Hon. R.A.M., 1895. 
 
 Sinclair, John, tenor vocalist, was born 
 near Edinburgh, in 1790. He became a 
 clarinet player i>i the band of Campbell of 
 Shawfield's Regiment, and afterwards a 
 teacher of music in Aberdeen. First appear- 
 ance as a singer in London at Haymarket 
 Theatre, as Cheerly in "Lock and Key," 1880. 
 He studied singing for a time under Thomas 
 Welsh. Engaged for Covent Garden Theatre, 
 and appeared in Linlej-'s '' Duenna," 1811. 
 Married Miss Norton, daughter of Captain 
 Norton, 1816. Appeared in London, and in 
 English Provinces till 1819 ; when he visited 
 Paris, and studied for a time under Pellegrini, 
 and under Banderali at Lilian. Visited 
 Rossini at Naples, 1821. Sang in Pisa, Bologna 
 (where he was nrade a member of the Phil- 
 harmonic Academy), Modena, Florence, 
 Venice (where Rossini wrote for him the part 
 of Idreno in " Semiramide "), and Genoa, 
 1822-23. Re-appeared in London, Covent 
 Garden, November 19, 1823, and at other 
 theatres till 1830. Sang in America, and 
 appeared in opera, 1830, and retired soon 
 after. He died at Margate, September 23, 
 1857. Sinclair was one of the most popular 
 singers of his day, and was the creator of the 
 tenor roles in Bishop's "Guy Mannering," 
 "The Slave," "Noble Outlaw," and Davy's 
 " Roy Roy." He composed the well-known 
 songs "Beneath the wave," " Betty Sands," 
 " Dunbarton's bonnie dell," " Hey the bonnie 
 breast-knots" [1828], " The Mountain Maid" 
 [1830], "Come sit thee down," "Johnnie 
 Sands" [1830], and others in the Scots style. 
 
376 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SINKINS. 
 
 Sinkins, Farley, bass vocalist, sometime 
 lay-vicar of Exeter Cathedral. Gave subscrip- 
 tion concerts at Exeter up to 1888 ; and 
 orchestral concerts at St. James' Hall, Lon- 
 don, 1891, introducing eminent artists for the 
 first time in London. 
 
 Sivewright, John, musician, vyho was 
 well-known in the north-east of Scotland as 
 an itinerating teacher of psalmody. He held 
 the oflfice of precentor in the Parish Church 
 of Old Meldrum till 1835, and died there 
 about 1846, a very old man. He travelled all 
 over the counties of Aberdeen, Banff, and 
 Kincardine as a teacher of church choirs. 
 He published " A Collection of Psalm Tunes, 
 Hymns and Anthems, in three parts, by John 
 Sivewright, teacher of music. Old Deer. The 
 4th edition ... Edinburgh, printed for the 
 author ..." n.d. In the 5th edition, Edin- 
 burgh about 1815, he describes himself as 
 "teacher of music, Turriff"; and in yet 
 another he figures as " teacher of music, 
 Fordoun." It is therefore jjrobable he had an 
 edition printed for each of his centres of 
 operations. They are all little oblong books of 
 about G4 to 70 pages, and are exceedingly rare. 
 
 Sivrai, Jules de, see Roeckel, Mrs. J. L. 
 
 Skeaf, Joseph, composer and pianist, 
 born at Liverpool, November 10, 1836. 
 Studied under George Holden, and was a 
 teacher in Liverpool, and conducted the 
 Apollo Glee Club there. He was also Grand 
 Organist to the Freemasons of West Lanca- 
 shire. He died at Liverpool, November 1, 
 1884. Composer of " Harlech," a cantata, 
 Liverpool, November 15, 1888, published by 
 his widow ; some glees. Pf. pieces : Battle 
 of Trafalgar, The Camp, Fantasias, Sabbath 
 evening chimes. Songs, etc. 
 
 Skeats, Highmore, organist and com- 
 poser, was organist of Canterbury Cathedral. 
 He died at Canterbury in 1831. Compiler of 
 " A Collection of Songs," London, 1784, and 
 edited Stephens' Cathedral Music, 1805. 
 Also composed All gracious freedom, glee 
 [1790] ; Cease thy carols, and Victory of 
 Fishguard, songs. 
 
 His son, Highmore Ske.\t.s, composer and 
 organist, was born at Canterbury, in 1785. He 
 became organist of Ely Cathedral, and after- 
 wards of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, in 1880, 
 and died at Windsor, February 24, 1835. 
 
 Skeffington, Hon. and Rev. T. C, 
 author of a " Handy-Book of musical art, 
 with some practical hints to students," Lon- 
 don, 1858 ; " The Phite in its transition state, 
 a review of its changes during the past fifty 
 years," London, 1862 ; " Oh ! fair and bright 
 is the Irish girl," and other songs. 
 
 Skene, John, of Halyards, a Scottish 
 collector of the 16th and 17th centuries, who 
 died in 1644. He is supposed to have com- 
 piled the " Skene Manuscript," 1614-1620, a 
 
 SLATTER. 
 
 collection of vocal and dance music which 
 was edited and ijublished by Dauney and 
 Graham for the Bannatyue Club, in 1838. 
 It contains, among other melodies, the fine 
 old setting of the tune usually sung to Jane 
 Elliott's version of the " Flowers of the 
 Forest." 
 
 Skinner, Florence Marian, Mrs. Stuart 
 Stresa, composer, daughter of Alan Skinner, 
 late Recorder of Windsor. Resident for many 
 years in Italy. Her opera, " Suocera," was 
 l^roduced at Naples, April 15, 1877 ; and a 
 second, " Maria Regina di Scozia," at San 
 Remo in 1883, and also at Turin and London 
 the same year. 
 
 Skinner, James Scott, violinist and 
 composer, born at Bancliory, Aberdeenshire, 
 August 5, 1843. Son of William Skinner, who 
 was known in the district as a good amateur 
 violinist. He studied the violin under Dr. 
 Mark (died 1868), a German musician of 
 Manchester, and has performed much in 
 Scotland, Canada, and the United States. 
 Composer of a large number of reels, strath- 
 speys, and songs, most of which have been 
 issued in "The Miller O'Hirn" ; " The Logie 
 Collection of original music for voice, violin, 
 and pf., comprising songs, slow airs, etc.," 
 London, 1888, and other collections. Reputed 
 one of the best players of Scottish dance 
 music. 
 
 Slater, Ernest, organist and composer, 
 born at Taunton, 1860. Sou of Rev. W. P. 
 Slater, formerly Governor and Chaplain of 
 Queen's College, Taunton. Educated there, 
 and entered R.A.il., studying under Dr. 
 Steggall, T. A. Matthay, and Harold Thomas. 
 Also pupil of Sir Julius Benedict, and Dr. D. 
 J. Wood. Assistant organist of Exeter Cathe- 
 dral, 1881. F.R.C.O., 1884. Organist of 
 Lambeth Parish Church, 1883, also officiating 
 occasionally at the Archbishop of Canterbury's 
 private chapel. Selected by Sir John Stainer 
 for the post of organist and choirmaster at 
 St. John's Cathedral, Calcutta, 1885. Gave 
 his first concert at Calcutta, September 7, 
 1886. Professor of Music at La Martiniere 
 College, and his jDrivate practice has included 
 the families of three Viceroys of India. Of 
 his compositions a festival overture for orch- 
 estra was performed at Taunton, 1885 ; and 
 his Jubilee Anthem was sung at the State 
 Service in Calcutta Cathedral, 1887, a copy 
 being accepted by Her Majesty the Queen. 
 
 Slatter, Rev. George Maximilian, 
 clergyman and composer, born in 1790. He 
 was rector of West Anstey, Devon. Died on 
 April 27, 1868. Composer of " Three anthems, 
 a Te Deum, etc., three psalm tunes and eight 
 chants," London [1854]; "Ten Collects, a 
 set of chants, etc." [1835] ; " Six canzonets, 
 a trio, and a glee" [1815]. The Watcher, 
 and other songs. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 377 
 
 SLATYER. 
 
 Slatyer, William, musician of 17th cen- 
 tury, issued the Psalms of David in four 
 Janguages, and in four parts, set to ye Tunes 
 of our church. . 1643. 
 
 Slaughter, A. Walter, composer and 
 ■conductor, born in London. Educated at 
 •City of London School. Chorister, St. 
 Andrew's, Wells Street. Studied under 
 Alfred Cellier and Jacobi. Wrote some 
 ballet music, etc., for the South London 
 Palace of Varieties ; afterwards appointed 
 ■conductor at Royalty Theatre ; later at the 
 ■Olympic ; Drury Lane ; and St. James's 
 Theatre. His works include An Adamless 
 Eden, 1882 ; Marie's Honeymoon ; The 
 Casting Vote, 1885; Music to Ij'ric drama, 
 Sappho, Olympic, 1886 ; Comic opera, Mar- 
 jorie, Prince of Wales' Theatre, July 18, 
 1889; The Rose and the Ring (Thackeray), 
 the same, December, 1890. Incidental music 
 to various pieces. Musical comedy, The 
 French jMaid, Terry's Theatre, April 24, 1897. 
 
 Sloman, Charles, composer and comic 
 singer, born about 1808 ; died, London, July 
 21, 1870. Composed " Sacred Strains, hymns, 
 etc." London [I860]. Soiigs : Charming 
 Sue, Daughter of Israel, Daughters of Salem, 
 Maiden of sunny Cachmere, Maid of Judah, 
 Pilgrim of Erin, Promised land. Social 
 bricks ; a number of comic songs, etc. 
 
 Sloman, Robert, organist and composer, 
 born at Gloucester (1830?). Studied under 
 Amott, S. S. Wesley, and C. Lucas. Was 
 private organist to Earl Powis, 1852 ; of the 
 Parish Church, Welshpool ; St. Martin's, 
 Scarborough, 1869 ; Parish Church, Lower 
 Norwood, 1877. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1861 ; 
 Mus. Doc, 1867, Oxford. He composed a 
 •Cantata, " Supplication and Praise," which 
 has been performed several times ; and a 
 second, " Constantin," not produced until 
 February, 1896, some months after his death. 
 He also composed songs, part-songs, pf. 
 pieces, etc. For some years he contributed 
 to the Musical Standard notices of the 
 ■Crystal Palace Concerts. He died at West 
 Norwood, July 2, 1895, aged 65. 
 
 Sloper, Edward Hugh Lindsay, pianist 
 and composer, born at London, June 14, 
 1826. He studied under Moscheles ; at 
 Frankfort under A. Schmitt ; at Heidelberg 
 under Vollweiler ; and at Paris under Rousse- 
 lot, 1841-46. Appeared in London at IMusical 
 Union, 1846. Played at a Philharmonic 
 Concert, May 6, 1850. Lectured on IMusic in 
 England, at Alexandra Palace, in May, 1876. 
 Teacher and pianist in London. He died at 
 London, July 8, 1887. 
 
 Works. — Op. 1, Czartoryska, 3 mazurkas, 
 pf. [1846] ; Op. 2, Heuriette, valse, pf. ; Op. 3, 
 24 studies, pf. ; Op 4, caprice, pf. ; Op. 6, 
 capriccio, pf. ; Op. 7, serenade, pf. ; Op. 8, six 
 songs ; Op. 9, grand duet ; Op. 11, Tarantella ; 
 
 SMART. 
 
 Op. 12, serenade and canzonette, pf. ; Op. 13, 
 twelve studies, pf . ; Sonata for pf . and violin ; 
 Op. 15, Pensee fugitive, pf. ; Op. 39, ballad 
 fantasia [1867] ; Op. 42, By the lake, pf. ; 
 Transcriptions and arrangements for pf. ; 
 Suite for orchestra, Brighton Festival, 1879 ; 
 Duo, for two pfs., in E minor [1847] . Scena, 
 Joan of Arc in prison (by Chorley), 1853. 
 Songs : Fairy's reproach ; John O'Grady ; 
 Medora ; Prentice lad; Rover's adieu ; Siesta; 
 Violet, etc. Pianoforte instructions, exercises 
 and lessons, London [1854] ; Technical guide 
 to touch, fingering, and execution, London, 
 1877. Tutor and technical guide for the pf. 
 Editions of pf. works of eminent composers. 
 
 Smallwood, William, pianist, organist, 
 and composer, born at Kendal, December 31, 
 1831. Studied under Dr. Camidge and Henry 
 Phillips, and has been organist of Kendal 
 Parish Church from 1847. Composer of an 
 immense number of pf. pieces, chiefly for use 
 in teaching, such as Home Treasures ; Flowers 
 of Melody ; Youthful Pleasures, etc. ; also of 
 anthems, hymns, and songs. Author of a 
 Pianoforte Tutor that has had a large cir- 
 culation. Another musician of the name, 
 F. W. Smallwood, was appointed organist 
 to the Earl of Breadalbane, Taymouth Castle, 
 in 1885 ; and in 1890, organist of the Town 
 Hall, Alloa, N.B. 
 
 Smart, Christopher, writer, who died 
 on May 18, 1770. He published a " Col- 
 lection of Melodies for the Psalms of David, 
 according to the version of Christopher Smart, 
 A.M. By the most eminent composers of 
 church music," London, Walsh, 1765. 
 
 Smart, Sir George Thomas, conductor 
 and teacher, born at London, May 10, 1776. 
 He was a chorister in the Chapel Royal under 
 Ayrton, and studied the organ under Dupuis, 
 and composition under Arnold. Organist of 
 St. James' Chapel, Hampstead Road, London. 
 Knighted at Dublin by Lord Lieutenant, 
 after conducting a successful series of concerts. 
 1811. Original member of the Philharmonic 
 Society, 1813. Conductor of concerts of Phil- 
 harmonic Society, 1813-44. Conductor of the 
 Lenten oratorios. One of the organists of 
 the Chapel Royal, 1822. Connected with 
 Weber, who died at his house in 1826. Con- 
 ducted Mendelssohn's " St. Paul," at Liverpool 
 in 1836. Composer to the Chapel Royal, 1838. 
 Conducted all the principal provincial festivals 
 of his time, and arranged and conducted the 
 music at the coronations of William IV. and 
 Victoria. He died at Bedford Square, Lon- 
 don, February 23, 1867. One of the greatest 
 English conductors. He was a successful 
 vocal teacher, and gave instruction to Jenny 
 Lind and Sontag. 
 
 Works. — A collection of glees and canons, 
 London [1863] ; Collection of sacred music, 2 
 vols.; Three sonatinas for pf. [1800]; An acrostic 
 
378 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SMART. 
 
 elegy on. ..Viscount Horatio Nelson [1805]; 
 The ffiolus Frigate, a favourite dance as per- 
 formed at Weymouth, 1804. Glees : Merry 
 Gypsies, Peace at home. Sighs, Squirrel, 
 Butterfly's Ball (canzonnettina), Garland, The 
 Wreck (on the loss of the Forfarshire), 1839, 
 etc. He edited Gibbons' " First set of 
 Madrigals," for the Musical Antiquarian 
 Society, 1841 ; works by Beethoven, etc. 
 
 Smart, Henry, violinist, was born at 
 London in 1778. Brother of Sir George Smart. 
 He studied under W. Cramer, and became 
 leader in various theatre orchestras, the Phil- 
 harmonic Society, English Opera House, etc. 
 He became part-proj^rietor of a brewery, which 
 did not succeed, and afterwards established a 
 pianoforte manufactory. He died at Dublin, 
 November 23, 1823. 
 
 Smart, Henry, organist and composer, 
 son of above, born at London, October 26, 
 1818. He studied under his father and W. 
 H. Kearns, but was partly self-taught. 
 Articled to a solicitor. Organist of Parish 
 Church of Blackburn, 1831-86. Organist of 
 St. Philip's, Regent Street, London, 1836. 
 Married, July, 1840. Organist, St. Luke's, 
 Old Street, London, 1844-64 ; of St. Pancras, 
 Euston Road, 1864. His sight failed him in 
 1864. Granted pension of £100 per annum 
 by the Government, in 1879. He died at 
 London, July 6, 1879, and is buried in Hamp- 
 stead Cemetery, Finchley Road, London. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Bertha, or the Gnome of 
 Hartzberg, Haymarket Theatre, London, 1855 ; 
 Undine (unfinished) ; Surrender of Calais, by 
 Planche (unfinished). Cantatas : The Bride 
 of Dunkerron, Birmingham Festival, 1864 ; 
 King Rene's Daughter (by F. Enoch), 1871 ; 
 The Fishermaidens, 1871 ; Jacob, sacred, 
 Glasgow Choral Union, November 10, 1873. 
 Full IMorning and Evening Services in F and 
 G, 1871. Anthems .- God, the King of Glory ; 
 Sing to the Lord ; The Angel Gabriel ; Be 
 glad, O ye righteous ; The Lord is my 
 strength ; The Lord hath done great things ; 
 Lord thou hast been our refuge ; Part-Songs : 
 Ave Maria (1859) ; Behold where laughing 
 Spring (1869) ; Cradle Song ; Evening Hymn ; 
 Queen of the night ; The shepherd's farewell ; 
 The waves' reproof ; Stars of the Summer 
 night ; Lady, rise, sweet Morn's awaking ; 
 Six 4-part songs (1869); 4-part songs composed 
 for Leslie's choir. 'Trios for female voices, 
 and many vocal duets. Songs : The Lady of 
 the Lea ; Soft and bright the gems of night ; 
 The Spinning Wheel ; Near thee, still near 
 thee ; Vineta ; The Lady Isoline ; Autumn 
 song ; Come again Spring ; I dream of thee at 
 morn ; Rose of May ; The gleaner maiden ; 
 The midnight ride; The talisman ; The fairy's 
 whisper ; Blue eyes ; Go, whispering breeze ; 
 Wake, Mary, wake ; Echo of the lake ; Sir 
 Roland ; The bird's love song ; The lark's 
 
 SMIETON. 
 
 song; etc. Organ: Fifty Preludes and Inter- 
 ludes (1862) ; Andantes in G, A, and E minor; 
 Eighteen short easy pieces ; Postludes in C, 
 D, E flat, etc. ; Twelve short interludes ; 
 Grand solemn march ; March in G ; Festive 
 march in D ; Minuet in C ; Choral, with 
 variations ; The Organ Student, 12 pieces. 
 Chamber Duets and Trios, by G. F. Handel, 
 edited by Smart for the English Handel 
 Society, 1852. The Presbyterian Hymnal, 
 1877 (edited). Report on Organ of Christ 
 Church Cathedral, Dubhn, 1878. 
 
 Smart was an authority on the organ, and the 
 very large and beautiful instruments at Leeds 
 Town Hall, and in St. Andrew's Hall, Glasgow, 
 were erected fronr his specifications. Some 
 books on hini are " Henry Smart : His Life 
 and Works," by Wm. Spark, London, 1881, 
 8vo, with portrait. " Henry Smart," by W. 
 D. Seymour [Leeds, 1881]. "Henry Smart's 
 Compositions for the Organ, analysed by 
 John Broadhouse," London, 1880. 
 
 His sister, Harriet Anne Smart, Mrs. 
 Callow, was born at London, October 20, 1817; 
 died, London, June 30, 1883. She married 
 William Callow, water painter, and was an 
 amateur composer of hymns and other vocal 
 music. 
 
 Smart, Thomas, organist and composer 
 of the 18tli century, who was organist of St. 
 Clement Danes, London, in 1783. He com- 
 posed " Five new songs and a cantata ;" The 
 Air balloon [1784"! ; Camps, or the royal 
 review [1780] ; Cupid's kisses ; Squire's 
 christening ; Time and care, and many other 
 songs ; also some pf. music, and a glee, 
 " Happy fellow." 
 
 Smethergell, William, organist and 
 composer, who flourished in the latter half 
 of last century. He was organist of St. 
 Margaret-on-the-Hill, Southwark, and of All 
 Hallows, Barking. He composed "A Treatise 
 on Thoroughbass," London, 1794, and "Rules 
 for Thoroughbass, to which are annexed three 
 sonatas for the harpsichord and violin," op. 
 7 [1795] ; Six concertos for harpsichord or 
 pf., two violins and 'cello [1785] ; Six duetts 
 for two violins, op. 12 [1800] ; Six easy solos 
 for a violin [1790] ; Six lessons for the harpsi- 
 chord or pf., op. 1 ; Six overtures in eight 
 parts, and a Second Sett, op. 5. He also 
 issued various adaptations from Jommelli 
 and other comj^osers, and a few songs. 
 
 Smieton, Jolin More, comiDoser, born 
 at Dundee, 1857. Pupil of Sir H. S. Oakeley, 
 Dr. J. F. Bridge, and others. Some time 
 engaged in musical work at Broughty Ferry, 
 near Dundee. His compositions comprise 
 Psalm 121, for tenor solo, cliorus and or- 
 chestra. Cantatas: Pearl; Ariadne, Dundee, 
 1883 ; King Arthur, Broughty Ferry, Decem- 
 ber, 1889 ; The Song of the Sower, chorus 
 and orchestra, prize. National Co-operative 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 379 
 
 SMILES. 
 
 Festival, Loudon, 1891 ; The Jolly Beggars 
 (Burns), prize, Glasgow Select Choir, 1893; 
 Belinda (composed with Basil Hood), 1896; 
 Corinla, cantata ; school music, etc. ; or- 
 chestral overture ; The Princess of Thule, 
 sketch for orchestra ; string quartet, etc. 
 
 Smiles, Frank, sec Quatremaine, Frank. 
 
 Smith, Alexander, musician of early 
 part of the present century, issued " A Col- 
 lection of Church tunes, hymns, and canons, 
 in two, three, and four parts," Edinburgh, J. 
 Johnson, sculpt., n.d. Dedicated to the ladies 
 and gentlemen of Borrowstowness or Bo'ness, 
 where Smith was a teacher of music. 
 
 Smith, Alexander William, teacher of 
 singing, was born at Edinburgh on November 
 29, 1829. He studied under Bucher, Ran- 
 degger, Schira, and under Romano at 
 Florence. He was conductor of psalmody at 
 Broughton Place United Presbyterian Church, 
 Edinburgh from 1849 to 1864. He has chiefly 
 devoted himself to the teaching of singing, 
 and as a voice trainer has been one of the 
 most successful in Scotland. 
 
 Smith, Alfred Montem, tenor vocalist, 
 born at Windsor, May 13, 1828, the old 
 "Montem" day at Eton College, hence his 
 second name Brother of George Townshend 
 and Samuel Smith. Chorister at St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor, and Eton College. About 
 1850 wa.s, for a time, tenor in the Choir of 
 St. Andrew's, Wells Street, London. Suc- 
 ceeded J. W. Hobbs as lay-vicar at W' estmiuster 
 Abbey ; and was a Gentleman of the Chapel 
 Royal, St. James's, from 1858 to the time of 
 his death. Sang at the Concerts of the 
 Sacred Harmonic Society ; for many years 
 at the Three Choirs Festivals, from Hereford, 
 1855; in the quartets in "Elijah," Birming- 
 ham, 1858-61, etc. Member of the London 
 Glee and Madrigal Union ; a fine ballad 
 singer, and popular lecturer. Professor of 
 singing at R.A.M., and Guildhall School of 
 Music. He died in London, May 2, 1891. 
 His compositions consisted of songs and 
 glees; one of the latter, "At the dawn of 
 Life's day," was awarded the prize of the 
 Noblemen's Catch Club, 1881. He married 
 Miss Elizabeth Stroud, daughter of Henry 
 Chaplin (q.v.), a soprano vocalist, now a pro- 
 fessor at the Guildhall School of Music. 
 
 Smith, Alice Mary, Mrs. Meadows 
 White, composer, born at London, May 19, 
 1839. She was a pupil of Sir W. Sterndale 
 Bennett and Sir G. A. Macfarren. In 1867 
 she was married to Mr. Frederick Meadows 
 White, Q.C., now a judge of the County of 
 Middlesex, and in the same year she was 
 elected an associate of the Philharmonic 
 Society. She died at London, December 4, 
 1884. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas: Riidesheim, Cam- 
 bridge, 1865 ; Ode to the North-east wind. 
 
 SMITH. 
 
 London, 1880; The Passions, ode by Collins, 
 Hereford, 1882; Song of the Little Baltung 
 (Kingsley), 1883 ; The Red King (Kingsley). 
 Symphony in C minor, 1863. Endymion, 
 overture, 1864 (re-written for Crystal Palace, 
 1871) ; Lalla Rookh, overture, 1865 ; Masque 
 of Pandora, overture, 1878 ; Jason, or the 
 Argonauts and Sirens, overture, 1879. Quar- 
 tets for pf. and strings: B flat, 1861 ; D 1864. 
 Quartets for strings in D, 1862 and 1870, 
 Concerto for clarinet and orchestra, 1872. 
 Introduction and allegro, for pf. and orchestra, 
 1865. Two intermezzi from " The IMasque of 
 Pandora, 1879. Part-songs, songs, etc. 
 
 Smith, Arthur Francis, organist, pian- 
 ist, and conductor. Articled pupil of Edward 
 Chadfield {q.v.), he was joint founder and 
 director of the Derby School of Music, work 
 in connection with which he still carries on. 
 F.C.O., 1874 ; Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1883. 
 Organist at Tickenhall, 1869; St. Werburgh's, 
 Derby, 1 872 to present time. Conductor, 
 Derby Archidiaconal Choral Association; and 
 Derby Orpheus and Madrigal Society. An 
 early member of the Incorporated Society of 
 ]\Iusicians, he has done valuable work for it, 
 and is editor of its Monthly Journal. Exam- 
 iner for that Society, and local representative 
 of R.A.M. and R.C.M. He has composed a 
 setting of Ps. 103 ; and has published songs 
 and pf. pieces. 
 
 Smith, Bo, musician of early part of last 
 century, published the Psalm Singer's Maga- 
 zine, 1729 ; Harmonious Companion, or the 
 psalm singer's magazine," 1732. 
 
 Smith, Boyton, pianist and composer, 
 born at Dorchester, February 23, 1837. 
 Brother of E. Sydney Smith. Educated at 
 Hereford and Winchester Cathedrals, under 
 Dr. S. S. Wesley. Organist of Dorchester 
 Parish Church. He has composed Church 
 Services in D, E flat, P, and G; Anthems, 
 songs, etc. Organ pieces for church use, six 
 sets ; Allegretto grazioso in A ; Andante con 
 moto, etc. Also many pf. pieces of a popular 
 kind, such as Echo of the waves; Nightingale 
 and Zephyr ; Dew pearls ; Woodland echoes ;. 
 Song of the sylph ; La fee coquette, op. 64 ; 
 Sur le lac ; and numerous transcriptions. 
 
 Smith, Charles, composer and bass 
 vocalist, born at London in 1786. He was a 
 chorister in the Chapel Royal under Ayrton, 
 and studied also under Costellow and John 
 Ashley. From 1799 he sang as a soprano at 
 Ranelagh and in Scotland, till his voice broke 
 in 1803. He then became organist of Croydon 
 Church, and afterwards of Wei beck Chapel 
 in 1807. In 1813 he sang in oratorio as a 
 bass. He was married to a Miss Both, of 
 Norwich, and resided in Liverpool from 1816. 
 He died at Crediton, Devon, November 22, 
 1856. 
 
 Works. — Mtisic to Dramas : Yes or No, 
 
380 
 
 13 IIITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 SMITH. 
 
 1809 ; Hit or miss, 1810 ; Anything new ; 
 Knapschou, or the forest fiend, Lyceum, 
 1830. Glees ; Songs and canzonets : Battle 
 of Holienlinden ; Far o'er the sea ; Sea boy's 
 dream. Fantasias for harpsichord or pf. 
 Ancient Psalmody from the publications of 
 T. Est, Ravenscroft, Morley, etc., arranged 
 for 2, 3, and 4 voices, Loudon [1844]. 
 
 Smith, Clement, organist and composer, 
 was born at Richmond, Surrey, in 1760. He 
 graduated Mus. Bac, 1791, and Mus. Doc, 
 Oxford, in 1800. Teacher at Richmond, 
 where he died, November 16, 1826. He com- 
 posed church music, glees, and songs. Sonata 
 cappriciosa for pf. or harpsichord [1790] . 
 Duets for pf., etc. 
 
 Smith, David, musician and teacher in 
 Staffordshire. Compiler of "The Sacred Har- 
 monist, or leader's guide, being a new selec- 
 tion of psalm and hymn tunes.." London, 
 1833, 2 vols. He also edited the 1811 edition 
 of Thomas Walker's Companion to Rippon's 
 Tune Book. 
 
 Smith, Edward Sydney, pianist and 
 composer (brother of Boy ton Smith), born at 
 Dorchester, July 14, 1839. He studied at 
 Leipzig Conservatorium, under ^IMoscheles, 
 Plaidy, Hauptmann, Richter, Papperitz, and 
 Reitz, from 1855. Settled in London as 
 pianist and composer, 1859. He died at 
 London, March 3, 1889. 
 
 Works. — Pianoforte: Arcadia; Barcarolle; 
 Bolero; Chant des oiseaux ; Chant der Savoy- 
 ard ; Coquetterie ; Danse Napolitaine ; Etudes 
 de concert; Eventide; Fairy realms; Fairy 
 whispers : Fandango ; Fete champetre ; Fete 
 Hongroise ; Fete militaire ; Gavotte ; La 
 harpeEolienne ; Lejetd'eau; Les trompettes 
 de la guerre ; Tilarche Hongroise ; IMaypole 
 dance; Pas de sabots; Reveangelique ; Rhap- 
 sodic ; Saltarello ; Tarantelles ; The spinning 
 wheel; Titania ; Tyrolienne; Fantasias on 
 operas, and transcriptions, numerous. 
 
 Smith, Rev. George, author of " Church 
 ]\Iusic, two lectures," London, 1800. 
 
 Smith, George Montague, organist and 
 composer, born at Norwich, July, 1843. 
 Organist, Glasgow University, and conductor 
 of the University Choral Society. Organist 
 of St. Silas' Episcopal Church ; Coats' Mem- 
 orial Church, Paisley. Local examiner in 
 music, Glasgow University ; Professor of har- 
 mony. Queen Margaret's College, Glasgow. 
 Composer of cantatas. Blessed is the man ; 
 and Psalm 137 ; an opera. The Killabag 
 Shootings ; Festival setting of Te Deum ; 
 Songs, part-songs, etc. Also Concert overture 
 in E flat, Gloucester Festival, 1877 ; Bourree, 
 orchestra, Glasgow, 1887, etc. 
 
 Smith, George Townshend, organist 
 and composer (brother of Alfred Montem and 
 Samuel Smith), born at Windsor, November 
 14, 1813. Son of Edward Woodley Smith, 
 
 SMITH. 
 
 lay-clerk of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 
 He was a chorister in St. George's Chapel, 
 Windsor, under Highmore Skeats, and he 
 also studied music under S. Wesley. Organist 
 successively of the old Parish Church, East- 
 bourne; of St. Margaret's, Lynn ; of Hereford 
 Cathedral, 1843. He acted as conductor and 
 honorary secretary of the Three Choirs Fes- 
 tivals. Died at Hereford, August 3, 1877. 
 He composed anthems, songs, and other vocal 
 music, also quadrilles and other light music 
 for the pf. 
 
 Smith, Isaac, composer, was born about 
 the middle of the 18th century. He was clerk 
 of Alie Street Meeting House, London. He 
 died at London, about 1800. Published " A 
 Collection of Psalm Tunes in Three Parts, 
 adapted to each measure as now sung in 
 several churches, chapels, and meeting-houses 
 in and about London "...London [1770]; 5th 
 edition, by S. Major, 1788. The well-known 
 tune " Irish " appears in this collection, and 
 has been attributed to Smith. 
 
 Smith, J. Whitehead, organist, pianist, 
 and violinist, born at Wells, Somersetshire, 
 1827 ? Took lessons of a Mr. Dix, and of Mr. 
 Angel. Entered the R.A.M., 1843, and dis- 
 tinguished himself as a pianist at the Academy 
 concerts, and played the violin in the students' 
 orchestra. A.R.A.M., and F.R.A.M. Assist- 
 ant organist, St. Mary's, Paddington Green ; 
 librarian and organist, INIarlborough College ; 
 and for more than thirty years organist of Wim- 
 borne INIinster. Local examiner for R.C.M. 
 
 Smith, John, organist and composer, born 
 at Cambridge in 1795. Stipendiary choirman 
 of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, 1815. 
 Vicar-choral of St. Patrick's Cathedral, 1816. 
 Organist of the Chapel, Dublin Castle, 1833- 
 35. Professor of IMusic in the University of 
 Dublin. Mus. Doc, Dublin. He died near 
 Dublin, November 12, 1861. 
 
 Works. — The Revelation, oratorio ; Cathe- 
 dral Music, in vocal score, with organ or 
 pf. accompaniment [1837] ; Lyra Masonica, 
 collection of masonic songs, London, 1847 ; 
 Selection of Mr. Kelly's Hymns on various 
 passages of Scripture, Dublin [1850]; Seventy 
 of the Psalms of David.. the music by the 
 best composers. .Dublin [1835]. He also 
 edited Weyman's IMelodia Sacra. Glees : 
 Christmas Morning, Isles of Greece, King 
 Alfred's hymn, etc. Songs: Absent, Fairy 
 gold, Rememb'rest thou. Volunteer's song, 
 etc. Treatise on the theory and practice of 
 Music, with the principles of harmony and 
 composition, Dublin, 1853, 2 vols. ; Irish Min- 
 strelsy, a selection of original melodies of 
 Erin, with characteristic words by Edward 
 Fitzsimons ; symphonies by J. Smith, Dublin 
 1814. His son, J. S. Smith, succeeded him 
 as organist of the Chapel Royal, Dublin Castle, 
 in 1835. 
 
BPJTISH MUSICAL BIOGIUPHY. 
 
 381 
 
 SMITH. 
 
 Smith, John Stafford, organist and 
 composer, born at Gloucester about INIarch, 
 1750. He was the son of Martin Smith, or- 
 ganist of Gloucester Cathedral from 1743 to 
 1782. He studied music under his father 
 and T>v. Boyce, and became a gentleman 
 of the Chapel Royal in 1784. In 1795, he 
 was made lay-vicar of Westminster Abbey, 
 and in 1802, he succeeded Dr. Arnold as 
 organist of the Chapel Royal. Prom 1805 to 
 1817, he held the position of master of the 
 children of the Chapel Royal. He died at 
 London, September 21, 1836. 
 
 Works.— Anthems, composed for the choir 
 service of the Church of England, London, 
 n.d. Twelve chants, composed for the use of 
 the choirs of the Church of England, London, 
 n.d. Collection of songs of various kinds for 
 different voices, London, 1785. Collection of 
 glees for 3, 4, 5, and 6 voices, London, n.d. With 
 some of these he gained prizes between 1773 
 and 1780. Edited : Musica Antiqua, a selec- 
 tion of music of this and other countries, from 
 the commencement of the twelfth to the 
 beginning of the eighteenth century, com- 
 prising some of the earliest and most curious 
 motettes, madrigals, etc., London, 1812, 2 
 vols. ; Collection of English songs, in score, 
 for 3 and 4 voices, composed about the year 
 1500, taken from MSS. of the same age, 
 London, 1779. Smith aided Hawkins with 
 his " History of Music." 
 
 Smith, Joseph, organist, comjDoser, and 
 conductor, born at Dudley, Worcestershire, 
 1856, of Irish parents. Educated on the 
 Continent, and chiefly self-taught in music. 
 Graduated Mus. Bjc. 1880, Mus. Doc. 1881, 
 Dublin. Began his career at seventeen as 
 organist of a church at Galway. In 1877 
 appointed to Limerick Cathedral, where he 
 remained till 1882, founding a choral society 
 and giving concerts. Went to Dublin in 
 1882 as organist of the church of the Three 
 Patrons, Rathgar, and professor of music at 
 the Convent school of the Sacre Cceur at 
 Mount Anuville, holding both appointments 
 to present time. In 1888 he was appointed, 
 in conjunction with Sir R. P. Stewart, pro- 
 fessor of music in the Royal University of 
 Ireland. Musical director, Dublin Artizans' 
 Exhibition, 1885 ; conductor of Dublin 
 Musical Society from 1889. His works in- 
 clude three masses ; a cantata, " St. Kevin," 
 produced at Hereford Festival, 1885 ; an 
 Inaugural Ode, for the Dublin exhibition 
 just named ; motet, God be merciful, prize. 
 National Welsh Eisteddfod, 1880 ; anthems, 
 part-songs, etc ; Triumphal march, orchestra, 
 1885. Editor of Catholic Choir Music, Pohl- 
 mann, Dublin, 1891. Compiler of a Catholic 
 Hj'mn-book, with tunes. 
 
 Smith, Laura Alexandrine, author of 
 " Music of the Waters, a collection of the 
 
 SMITH. 
 
 Sailors' Chanties, or working songs of the 
 sea of all maritime nations. Boatmen's, 
 Fishermen's, and Rowing Songs and Water 
 Legends," London, Kegan Paul, 1888. She 
 is also the composer of some song.«. My 
 Castle in Spain, etc. 
 
 Smith, Robert, writer, was born at 
 Cambridge, in 1689. He was Plumian Pro- 
 fessor of Astronomy at Cambridge, and be- 
 came IMaster of Trinity College in 1742. He 
 died at Cambridge in 1768. He wrote 
 " Harmonics, or the philosophy of musical 
 sounds," Cambridge, 1749 ; 2nd edition, en- 
 larged, London, 1759. A Postscript upon 
 the changeable hurpsichord, a perfect in- 
 strument, London, 1762. 
 
 Smith, Robert Archibald, composer, 
 born at Reading, Berks., November 16, 1780. 
 Son of Robert Smith, silk weaver, a native 
 of East Kilbride, who settled at Reading in 
 1774, during a heavy depression of trade in 
 Paisley. He very early gave indications of 
 his possession of musical ability, but was 
 apprenticed to the weaving trade, which he 
 followed in Reading, and in Paisley, from 
 1800, where he became intimate with Tanna- 
 hill, Motherwell, etc. He married Mary 
 MacNicol in 1802. Teacher of music, and 
 precentor in the Abbey Church, Paisley, 
 1807. Musical director of S. George's, Edin- 
 burgh, August, 1823. He died at Edinburgh, 
 January 3, 1829, and is buried in S. Cuth- 
 bert's churchyard. 
 
 Works. — The Scotish Minstrel, a selec- 
 tion from the vocal melodies of Scotland, 
 ancient and modern, arranged for the piano- 
 forte, Edinburgh [c. 1821-24], 6 vols. The 
 Irish minstrel, a selection from the vocal 
 melodies of Ireland, ancient and modern, 
 Edinburgh, n.d. [1825]. Flowers of Scottish 
 Song, Glasgow, n.d. Select INIelodies, with 
 appropriate words, chiefly original, collected 
 and arranged with symphonies and accom- 
 paniments for the pianoforte, Edinburgh, 
 n.d. [1827.] Devotional IMusic, original and 
 selected, arranged mostly in four parts, with 
 a Thorough- bass for the Organ or Pianoforte, 
 1810 ; New edition by John Turnbull, Glas- 
 gow, n.d. Anthems in four vocal parts, with 
 an accompaniment for the Organ or Piano- 
 forte 1819. Sacred Harmony, for the 
 
 use of S. George's Church, Edinburgh, being 
 
 a collection of Psalm and Hymn tunes 
 
 Edinburgh [1820] (with Rev. A. Thomson) ; 
 other editions, and a modern one edited by 
 Jas. S. Geikie, Edinburgh, n.d. Sacred 
 Music, consisting of the tunes, sanctuses, 
 doxologies, thanksgivings, etc., sung in St. 
 George's, Church, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, 
 1825. Edinburgh Sacred Harmony for the 
 use of churches and families, arranged for 
 four voices, Edinburgh, 1829, 2 vols. The 
 Sacred Harmony of the Church of Scotland,. 
 
382 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL PJOGKAPHY. 
 
 SMITH. 
 
 •n.d. [1828] . Sonr/s : Jessie, the Flow'r o' 
 Dunblane (1808); Bonnie Mary Hay; 
 wha's at the window?; The lasso' Arran- 
 teenie ; The Harper of ]\Iull ; Loudon's 
 bonnie woods and braes ; On wi' the tartan ; 
 Maid of the sea ; Highlander's farewell ; 
 The willow. Duets : Row weel, my boatie, 
 row weel; etc. Psalm tunes: Morven, St. 
 Mirren, Invocation, St. Lawrence, Kelburn, 
 Selma, Paisley Abbey, and many others, all 
 published in his collections. Anthems: How 
 beautiful upon the mountains ; The earth is 
 the Lord's ; etc. An Introduction to Singing, 
 comprising various examples, with scales, 
 ■exercises, and songs, etc., Edinburgh [1826]. 
 
 Smith was one of the best musicians whom 
 Scotland produced in the first part of this 
 century. His works are now as much used 
 as ever they were, and his songs and psalms 
 are in constant use in Scotland. lie com- 
 posed many fine Scottish melodies, and did 
 not scruple occasionally to pass a number of 
 them off as antiques. He performed on the 
 viola and violoncello, and played the former 
 instrument at the Glasgow Musical Festival 
 of 1821. His violoncello, together with some 
 manuscripts, is preserved in the Public 
 IMuseum of Paisley. 
 
 Smith, Samuel, musician and promoter 
 of tlie Tonic Sol-fa, was born in 1806. He 
 was a pioneer in the movement for promoting 
 the chanting of psalms in nonconformist 
 churches. 'He identified himself with musical 
 affairs in Bradford, and was the chief founder 
 of St. George's Hall and the Bradford Festival 
 Choral Society. He died at Bradford, July 5, 
 1873. 
 
 Smith, Samuel, organist and composer, 
 was born at Eton, August 29, 1821. Son of 
 Edward Woodley Smith, and brother of Alfred 
 Moutem and George Townshend Smith. 
 Studied in Chapel B,oyal under Hawes, and 
 also under Sir Geo. J. Elvey. Organist suc- 
 cessively at Hayes, Eton, and Egham ; 
 Trinity Church, Windsor, 1858-61 ; Parish 
 Church, Windsor, 1861. Composer of Psalms 
 and chants," London [I860]; " Selection of 
 chants and responses used at the Parish 
 Church. .Windsor," Windsor [1865J, privately 
 printed. Psalms, hymns, and anthems 
 [1870]. Songs, etc. 
 
 Smith, T. G., musician, issued "Original 
 Maltese melodies, selected and purchased at 
 Malta," London [1812] ; also [1825]. 
 
 Smith, T. R., author of "The Violon- 
 cello Preceptor, containing the rudiments of 
 music, with scales," London, n.d. 
 
 Smith, Theodore, composer and pianist 
 of latter half of the 18th and early part of 
 19th centuries. Composer of Six Sonatas for 
 harpsichord, op. 5 [1770] ; Six Sonatas, op. 6 
 [1780] ; Three Sonatas and a favorite march, 
 for pf . or harpsichord [1790] ; Three Sonatas 
 
 SMITH. 
 
 and an overture; Three Sonatas, pf., op. 36; 
 Sacro Divertimento. . London [1810]. Songs, 
 Welsh harper, etc. 
 
 Smith, Thomas, organist composer, and 
 didactic writer, born at Arnold, Nottingham, 
 February 20, 1832. Studied pf. under Henry 
 Farmer, and organ under Charles Noble. At 
 the age of fifteen he was organist of St. 
 Stephen's, Snenton, Nottingham, of St. John's, 
 Bury St. Edmunds, 1873, and since 1880 at 
 Hozzinger, the seat of the Marquis of Bristol. 
 Composer of worship the Lord ; Thou 
 crownest the year ; and other popular anthems. 
 Author of " A Concise and practical explana- 
 tion of the rules of simple Harmony and 
 Thorough Bass," London, n.d.; Short practical 
 method for teaching Singing, etc., London, n.d. 
 
 Smith, Thomas Roy lands. Diocesan 
 choirmaster and organist, born at Highgate, 
 Middlesex, October 28, 1847. Studied under 
 Joseph Thomas Cooper, and Scotson Clark. 
 Held the appointment of Music Master at 
 Abingdon Grammar School, but has now been 
 for many years resident in Torquay. He was 
 organist of St. John's, and St. Mary's, Torquay, 
 resigning the former in 1876, and the latter in 
 1892. His principal work has been the pro- 
 motion and improvement of Church music. 
 Since 1875 he has been conductor of the 
 Plympton Deanery Choral Union, and Exeter 
 Diocesan Choirmaster, from 1886. In these 
 capacities he has conducted as many as twelve 
 choral festivals in the year, in which about 
 3,000 singers take part, including one in Exeter 
 Cathedral. As a teacher he has been very 
 successful, and in choral music his societies 
 at Chudleigh, Teignmouth, and Torquay, have 
 done good work. He has published a Te 
 Deum, Pater Noster, and five Evening Services 
 to various forms of the Gregorian and Ambro- 
 sian melodies ; and has contributed many 
 articles on church and choral music to differ- 
 ent papers. 
 
 Smith, Thomas Sydney, composer and 
 organist of the present time. Deputy organist 
 and choirmaster, St. George's Cathedral, 
 Southwark, and organist of St. Mary's South 
 Kensington, London. Author of " Vade 
 Mecum, a practical hand-book for the pf.," 
 London [1879] ; ' New Scale Practice for the 
 pf. [1882] ; lanthe and Haidee, two melodies 
 for pf., op. 1 [1884J. Sacred music, songs, 
 and pf. music. 
 
 Smith, Valentine, tenor vocalist, born at 
 Barnard Castle, Durham. Sang for some 
 time under the name of Signor Fabrini. 
 Joined the Carl Rosa Opera Company in 1885, 
 a'fter a successful operatic career in America. 
 In 1889 he organized an opera company, which 
 opened in London. The next year the com- 
 pany met with success at Hamburg and other 
 places. He brought out an English version 
 of Adolphe Adam's " Si j'etais Roi," for the 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 883 
 
 SMITH. 
 
 first time, at Newcastle-on-Tyne, February 
 22, 1893. 
 
 Smith, Rev. William, Scottish clergy- 
 man and amateur musician, was born in 1754. 
 He settled in New York in 1783, and died 
 there, April 6, 1821. He published " Chants 
 for publick worship," 1814 ; and " The Reason- 
 ablness of setting forth the praises of God 
 according to the use of the primitive church, 
 with historical views of metre psalmody," New 
 York, 1814. 
 
 Smith, William, amateur musician, born 
 at Chapel of Garioch, Aberdeenshire, where 
 his father was minister, December 6, 1803. 
 He was a merchant in Aberdeen, and died at 
 Newtyle, Forfarshire, August 31, 1878. He 
 issued "The People's Tune Book: a manual 
 of Psalmody for Scotland. Selected by 
 express permission from the copyright 
 arrangements of Novello, Horsley, Greatorex, 
 Havergal, Jacob, and other eminent profes- 
 sors." Aberdeen, 1844. 
 
 Smith, William, musician, of Chesham, 
 issued " Musical Devotions, consisting of 20 
 Psalm and Hymn tunes." Chesham [1830]. 
 Another William Smith edited " Sacred 
 Harmony, containing an easy introduction 
 to the art of Singing." Dublin, 1810. 
 
 Smith, William Braxton, tenor vocalist. 
 Educated as an architect, but gave that up 
 for singing. Studied at the Guildhall School 
 under F. Walker. Made his debut at the 
 Crystal Palace Concerts, October 20, 1888, 
 with success. Sang at the Popular Concerts 
 in 1891 ; and has been heard in many parts 
 of the country, and at the Bristol Festival, 
 1896. Toured with Madame Albani in Canada, 
 1896-7. Married, in October, 1896, Miss 
 Mabel Berrey, soprano vocalist, who has 
 sung with acceptance at the Popular Concerts 
 (1895), Crystal Palace (1896), and in various 
 provincial towns. 
 
 Smith, William Seymour, composer, 
 baritone vocalist, and organist, born at 
 Marlow, Bucks., August 20, 1836. Studied 
 singing under Balfe, and organ, pf., and com- 
 position with C. E. Horsley. Was organist 
 of Hampstead Parish Church, some time 
 from 1862 ; Musical lecturer at the Royal 
 Polytechnic, Loudon. At present time Pro- 
 fessor of Singing, R.C.M. His entertainment, 
 " Musical Sketches," was given in London 
 and the provinces with much success. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : Joshua, 1887 ; The 
 Fairies' Festival, and May Time, female 
 voices. The Moon, ode for female voices. 
 Songs : The Rovers ; Loving Hands ; I am 
 thine, etc. Cavatina, violin and pf. Three 
 Illustrations of Shakespeare ; Six pieces in 
 classic form ; Dorothy ; and other pieces for 
 pf. ; Andante for organ, etc. 
 
 Smyth, Ethel M., composer, born in 
 London. Daughter of General J. H. Smyth, 
 
 SOAPER. 
 
 late of the Royal Artillery. Studied a short 
 time at the Leipzig Conservatorium ; then 
 with H. von Herzogenberg. First came into 
 notice with a quintet for strings, performed 
 at Leipzig, about January, 1884. Then came 
 a Sonata in A minor, op. 7, for pf. and violin, 
 1887. In 1890 two of her coinpositions were 
 performed at the Crystal Palace ; Serenade 
 in D, for orchestra, April 26 ; and overture 
 " Antony and Cleopatra," October 18. Her 
 most important work, a Solemn Mass in D, 
 was performed by the Royal Choral Society 
 at the Albert Hall, January 18, 1893. She 
 has also published sets of songs, op. 3, and 4. 
 
 Snazelle, George Harry, bass vocalist. 
 Was a member of the Carl Rosa Opera Com- 
 pany at the first season in London, Princess's 
 Theatre, 1875 ; on tour with the same, 1876, 
 etc. Also sang in concerts in the provinces. 
 Began, as a single-handed entertainer, in 
 Liverpool, October, 1885, and later visited 
 other places, extending the scope of his work 
 by engaging the assistance of other vocalists. 
 In 1887 he was selected to give his entertain- 
 ment, " Music, Song, and Story," in Australia 
 and New Zealand. 
 
 Sneddon, James, composer and teacher, 
 born near Dunfermline. Studied under J. 
 Fulcher, and others. Licentiate, Tonic Sol-fa 
 College ; Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1885. Pre- 
 centor of Lauriston Place United Presbyterian 
 Church, Edinburgh, 1870-86. Teacher of 
 singing under Edinburgh School Board. 
 Compositions: Psalm 180, for soli, chorus, 
 and strings ; Bright feet of IMay, and other 
 part-songs. Author of The Rlusical Self- 
 Instructor ; Musical Training ; Series of 
 School Song-books, and articles in the "Musi- 
 cal Educator," edited by John Greig. 
 
 Janet C. Sneddon, contralto vocalist, has 
 sung with acceptance in London, 1885 ; Glas- 
 gow, and Edinburgh, etc., from 1887. 
 
 Snow, J., organist and composer, was 
 organist at St. John's College, Oxford. Com- 
 poser of " Variations for the harpsichord to a 
 minuet of Corelli's, etc.," London [1790]. 
 
 Snow, Valentine, trumpet-player, who 
 was born about the beginning of the 18th 
 century. He succeeded John Shore as ser- 
 jeant-trumpeter to the King, in 1753. He 
 played the trumpet parts in Handel's ora- 
 torios, which were specially written for him. 
 He died in December, 1770. 
 
 Moses Snow, father of above, was a Gentle- 
 man of the Chapel Royal, and lay-vicar of 
 Westminster Abbey. He graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Cambridge, in 1696, and died in 1700. 
 
 Snowdon, J., musician, edited "The 
 Euterpean, being a collection of glees, catches, 
 canons, etc.," London [1825]. 
 
 Soaper, John, composer, born in 1748. 
 He was a lay-vicar of Westminster Abbey, 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, and vicar- 
 
384 
 
 BKITISII MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 SOLDENE. 
 
 choral of St. Paul's Cathedral. He died at 
 London, June 5, 1794, aged 51, and is buried 
 in the crypt of St. Paul's. Composer of 
 psalms and chants. 
 
 Soldene, Emily, soprano vocalist and 
 actress, born at Islington, London. Articled 
 to Howard Glover. Made her debut at a 
 concert, St. James's Hall, in 1864; and in 
 January, 1865, sang for the first time on any 
 stage at a morning concert given by Howard 
 Glover at Drury Lane Theatre, when she took 
 the part of Azuccna in the second act of 
 " II Trovatore." Afterwards sang at the 
 Oxford Music Hall as Miss Fitz-Henry, also 
 at concerts of the Sacred Harixionic Society, 
 etc., and in the provinces. First appeared in 
 comic opera at the Standard Theatre in 1869, 
 in the " Grande Duchesse de Gerolstein." 
 Visited the United States of America, 1874, 
 and 1876-7; also Australia and New Zealand. 
 Reappeared in London at the Alhambra, 
 September, 1878. Securing the provincial 
 rights of " Carmen," she produced it at 
 Leicester, May, 1879. From 1880, again 
 chiefly in America and Australia. Author of 
 " My Theatrical and Musical Recollections," 
 London, Downey, 1897; also of "Young 
 Mrs. Staples," 1896, and other stories. At 
 present time she is understood to be preparing, 
 while living at San Francisco, another book 
 of reminiscences. 
 
 Solomon, Edward, composer and con- 
 ductor, born in 1855, of Jewish race. Chiefly 
 self-taught in music. Conducted comic opera 
 touring companies, 1878, etc. Composer of 
 a number of comic operas : Billee Taylor, 
 produced at Imperial Theatre, London, Octo- 
 ber 30, 1880; Claude Duval, Olympic, August 
 20, 1881; Vicar of Bray, Globe, July 22, 1H82 ; 
 Virginia, New York, January 9, 1883; Poca- 
 hontas, Empire, December 26, 1884 ; Maid 
 and Moonshiner, New York, 1886; Pickwick, 
 Comedy, February 7, 1889 ; The Red Hussar, 
 Lyric, November 23, 1889 ; Nautch Girl, 
 Savoy, June 30, 1891. Killicrumper, and 
 other pieces for German Reed, etc. Also 
 some pieces for pf. He died January 25, 1895. 
 
 His brother, Fred Solomon, sang in Billee 
 Taylor, in the provinces, 1883 ; and is the 
 composer of the comic opera. Captain Kidd, 
 or the bold buccaneer, produced at the Prince 
 of Wales Theatre, Liverpool, September 10, 
 1883. 
 
 Somerset, Lord Henry Richard 
 Charles, amateur musician, second son of 
 8th Duke of Beaufort, was born December 
 7, 1849. He was M.P. for Monmouthshire, 
 1871-80, and comptroller of Her Majesty's 
 Household, 1874-79. In 1872 he married 
 Isabella Caroline, daughter of Charles, 3rd 
 Earl Somers, who has distinguished herself in 
 the cause of temperance. Lord Henry Somer- 
 set has composed anthems, pf. music, polkas 
 
 SOUTHGATE. 
 
 for orchestra, and the following among other- 
 Songs: Across the sea. All through the night,. 
 Along the sands. Dawn, Far away, First Spring, 
 day, Good-bye, Love's flight. Once niore. Song 
 of night, Song of sleep, Where'er you go, etc. 
 
 Somervell, Arthur, composer, born at 
 Windermere. Educated at Upi)ingham 
 School, and Cambridge. Studied music at 
 Berlin High School, and at R.C.M. with Drs. 
 Stanford and Parry. 
 
 Works. — Mass in C, for soli, chorus and 
 orchestra, produced by Bach Choir, March 10, 
 1891 ; A song of praise. Exhibition, Kendal,. 
 1891; The forsaken merman (Matthew Arnold), 
 Leeds Festival, 1895 ; The Power of sound, 
 Kendal, 1895; Elegy (Robert Bridges), alto 
 solo, chorus and orchestra, Hovingham Festi- 
 val, 1896 ; Charge of the Light Brigade, chorus 
 and orchestra ; Ode to the sea, soprano solo, 
 chorus and orchestra, accepted for Birming- 
 ham Festival, 1897. The enchanted palace, 
 operetta for schools. Orchestral ballad, Helen 
 of Kirkconnel, Philharmonic Society, March 
 23, 1893 ; Bristol Festival, 1896 ; In Arcady, 
 suite for small orchestra, Brighton, March 23, 
 1897. Album of seven songs ; Six songs ; 
 songs, various ; arrangements of old Scotch 
 songs. Studiesin pf. technique ; By the sea, 
 six sketches ; On the river, five sketches ; pf. 
 pieces, various. 
 
 South, Charles Frederick, organist born 
 in London, February 6, 1850. Received his 
 first lessons on the organ from his brother, 
 Henry J. South, afterwards studying under 
 George Cooper. When sixteen years of age 
 he obtained his first organ appointipent at 
 Aske's Hospital, Hoxton. In 1868 he was 
 appointed to St. Augustine and St. Faith's, 
 Watling Street, City. Here he remained until 
 1883, his ability as a choir-trainer being shown 
 in the high reputation the choral services 
 acquired. While there the organ was enlarged, 
 in 1881. Upon leaving for Salisbury Cathedral,, 
 where he was appointed in 1883, the parish- 
 ioners and choir of his church presented him 
 with handsome testimonials. He was for 
 some time conductor of the Sarum Choral 
 Society. His compositions are not numerous, 
 and are confined to church music, services, 
 and iiitroits, etc. 
 
 Southgate, Rev. Frederic, clergyman 
 and composer, born at Gravesend, October 7, 
 1824. He was educated at Ramsgate and 
 Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. in 1848. 
 Curate at Castle Headingham, Suffolk ; and 
 afterwards minister of St. Mark's, Rosherville, 
 and Northfleet, 1858. Ho died at Northfleet, 
 January 30, 1885. He issued " Favourite 
 hymn tunes . . . used at St. Botolph's Church, 
 Northfleet." London, 1873, and composed 
 other church music. 
 
 Southgate, Thomas Lea, organist, mu- 
 sical scieutist, and writer, born at Highgate, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 385 
 
 SOUTHGATE. 
 
 London, August 22, 1836. Son of Thomas 
 Bishop Southgate, noticed below. Founda- 
 tion scholar of the old Grammar School, 
 Highgate ; and musically educated under his 
 father, John Hullah, G. W. Martin, and 
 James Coward. Organist successively at 
 Christ Church, Hornsey, 1862 ; St. Saviour's, 
 Fitzroy Square, London, 1865 ; St. Saviour's, 
 Clapham, 1867 ; St. Margaret's, Dulwich, 
 1873 ; and Emmanuel Church, Dulwich, 1875. 
 In 1862, he joined W. Hammond in starting 
 the Musical Standard, and became editor in 
 1871, carrying on the paper himself for several 
 years. Up to 1891, he kept up his connection 
 with that journal, writing many articles on 
 different subjects. In 1891, a syndicate was 
 formed to found the x^aper, Mtisicul News, and 
 IMr. Southgate was joint-editor with Dr. 
 Turpin until 1895. Besides his work on 
 these papers, he has written articles for the 
 Musical Times, Orchestra, Musical Record, 
 Choir, etc.,- and for Grove's " Dictionary." 
 He has lectured before the College of Organists, 
 Musical Association, R.A.M., and Fine Arts 
 Society on various subjects. He took an 
 active part in the protest against the Degrees 
 in absentia of Trinity College, Toronto, and 
 was publicly presented with a testinionial in 
 recognition of his services, July 29, 1891. 
 For the Union of Graduates in Music, he has 
 done valuable work, and his " History of 
 Degrees in ]\Iusic," for the Roll and Kalendar, 
 was the first essay of its kind. From the 
 formation of the Union, 1893, he has acted 
 as Hon. Secretary. He is a member of the 
 Council of the Musical Association, and of 
 the Plain-Song and Mediaeval Music Society ; 
 and in 1891, was made an Hon. Member of 
 the Royal College of Organists. His re- 
 searches into the subject of Egyptian Music, 
 as exemplified in his description of the double 
 flutes discovered by Professor Flinders, Petrie, 
 are of high historic and scientific value. It 
 is understood that he has more to say on this 
 subject. He has composed some vocal, instru- 
 mental, and orchestral music, but little has 
 been published. Author of " Rudiments of 
 Music for Choir-boys " ; and, in conjunction 
 with F. T. Piggott, of a portion of the work 
 on The Music and Musical Instruments of 
 Japan. 
 
 His father, Thomas Bishop Southgate, 
 was born at Hornsey, June 8, 1814. Chorister 
 at the Chapel Royal, St. James', and, when 
 twelve, occasionally acted as deputy-organist 
 for Sir George Smart. Studied harmony 
 under Attwood and Goss, and organ under 
 Samuel Wesley. Was organist of Ley ton 
 Church, Essex ; Hornsey Parish Church for 
 nineteen years ; and of St. Anne's, Highgate 
 Rise. An excellent violinist, he played first 
 violin with F. Cramer for some time at 
 the Opera House, He died at Highgate, 
 
 SPARK. 
 
 November 3, 1868. Composer of Exercises and 
 Scales intended to facilitate the study of the 
 pf., London [1858]; The Seasons, i romances 
 for 'cello and pf. [1861] ; anthems, pf. music, 
 songs, and the hymns Nearer to Thee, Thy 
 will be done, and others, in many collections. 
 
 Spark, William, organist and composer, 
 the most prominent member of a family of 
 musicians, was born at Exeter, October 28, 
 1823. Chorister at Exeter Cathedral, and 
 articled pupil of Dr. S. S. Wesley. Organist 
 of St. Lawrence's, Exeter, 1840. Removing 
 to Leeds with Dr. Wesley, in 1842, he became 
 deputy-organist at Leeds Parish Church, and 
 organist at Chapeltown and St. Paul's, Leeds, 
 successively. Afterwards he was appointed 
 to Tiverton Parish Church, and Daventry, 
 returning to Leeds, 1850, as organist to St. 
 George's, an appointment he held for thirty 
 years. Founded the Leeds ]\Iadrigal Society, 
 1851 ; and, later, the People's Concerts. Was 
 associated with Henry Smart in designing 
 the organ in the Leeds Town Hall ; and, in 
 1860, was elected organist. Played his organ 
 sonata at the Leeds Festival, 1858 ; and solos 
 in 1874-7 ; and gave two afternoon recitals 
 during the Festival of 1880. Has given organ 
 recitals in many parts of the country, and 
 has lectured on various musical topics. 
 Contributed many articles to the Yorkshire 
 Post, 1883, and the musical press. He grad- 
 uated Mus. Doc, Dublin. 1861. Died at 
 Leeds, June 16, 1897. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, Immanuel, Leeds, May 
 17, 1887 ; cantata, Trust and Triumph, 
 Dublin, 1861 ; Ode to Labour ; The Birthday 
 Festival. Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis in 
 D ; All we like sheep ; God, have mercy ; 
 Christ being raised from the dead ; Lord 
 our Governour ; and other anthems. Church 
 music, various. Glees, songs, etc. Grand 
 Sonata, op. 21. Ten original compositions. 
 Patriotic March, composed for the visit of the 
 Duke and Duchess of York to Leeds, 1894. 
 Various organ pieces. Author of Lecture 
 on Church Music, 1851 ; Choirs and Organs, 
 1852 ; A few words to Musical Conductors, 
 1853 ; Memoir of Dr. S. S. Wesley ; Musical 
 Tour in North Germany, 1871 ; Handy Book 
 of Choral Singing Henry Smart, his life 
 and works, London, Reeves, 1881 ; Musical 
 Memories, 1888 ; Musical Reminisences, 1892, 
 both published by Reeves. Editor of the 
 Organist's Quarterly Journal, commenced in 
 1869, and still in progress ; The Practical 
 Choirmaster, twelve parts, contributing or- 
 iginal compositions to each work ; Sacred 
 Harmony, selected and arranged ; Batiste's 
 organ compositions, adapted to English 
 instruments, etc. 
 
 His father, William Spark, born in 1797, 
 was a chorister and lay vicar, connected with 
 Exeter Cathedral for nearly 60 years. He 
 
 Y 
 
380 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SPEECHLEY. 
 
 was a good musician, and had sung with 
 Catalani. He died at Exeter, September (?), 
 1865, at the age of 68. Edward J. Spark, 
 the second son, was born at Exeter, August 7, 
 1829. He was organist of St. Lawrence's, 
 Exeter, and after holding other appointments, 
 became, in 1852, organist of Bury Parish 
 Church. He then entered the railway ser- 
 vice, and eventually settled at Worcester, 
 where, in 1870, he established a music busi- 
 ness. He was organist of Holy Trinity 
 Church, Worcester, for 15 years, and resumed 
 the appointment in 1888, after officiating for 
 some time at St. Martin's Church. Conductor 
 for many years of the Worcester Amateur Vocal 
 Union. He has given many concerts, and done 
 much for music in Worcester. Frederick 
 R. Spark, the youngest of the three brothers, 
 is settled in business in Leeds. He is the 
 proprietor of the Leeds Express ; has been 
 hon. secretary of the Leeds Festival from 
 1877 ; and, in conjunction with Joseph 
 Bennett, wrote a "History of the Leeds 
 Musical Festivals, 1858-1889." Leeds: F. R. 
 Spark and Son, 1892. 
 
 Speechley, John, organist, was born at 
 Peterborough in 1811. He was organist of 
 the Cathedral there, and at the church of St. 
 John, for 33 years, and died in August, 1869. 
 He was considered a skilful player, and a 
 successful teacher. 
 
 Speer, Charlton Templeman, pianist 
 and composer, born at Cheltenham, Novem- 
 ber 21, 1859. Entered the R.A.M., 1873, and 
 obtained the Sterndale Bennett Scholarship, 
 1874. A.R.A.M., and Professor of Pf., 1885- 
 1893. Associate, Philharmonic Society. Ap- 
 pointed organist, All Soul's, South Hampstead, 
 187G ; St. Paul's, Bow Common, 1880. Has 
 appeared in public as a pianist, and given 
 recitals with success. His compositions 
 include two cantatas, "The Arsenal," and 
 " The Day Dream " (Tennyson), to the latter 
 being awarded the Jubilee Gold Medal of the 
 Bath Philharmonic Society. The work was 
 produced at Bath, June 20, 1887, and at the 
 Crystal Palace, February 18, 1888. He has 
 also written songs, etc. His instrumental 
 works consist of a concert overture for 
 orchestra ; an organ Sonata in D fiat (Bow 
 and Bromley Institute, April, 1883) ; many 
 pieces for pf., songs, etc. Editor (with J. R. 
 C. Gale) of an English series of original songs, 
 Weekes, 1897. 
 
 Speer, William Henry, composer and 
 conductor, cousin of the preceding, born in 
 London, 1863. Studied under W. Haynes, 
 Malvern, Dr. C. H. Lloyd ; and at Cambridge, 
 under Drs. Stanford and Garrett ; also for 
 three years at R.C.M. Graduated IMus. Bac, 
 1890; M. A., 1890, Cambridge. F.R.C.O. Hon. 
 conductor, since 1893, of St. Albans Oratorio 
 Society, ana occasional organ recitalist. He 
 
 SPINNEY. 
 
 has published "The Jackdaw of Rheims," 
 for chorus and small orchestra, op. 8 ; Album 
 of six songs, op. 1 ; Three Elizabethan Love 
 Songs, op. 7; Vocal quartet (Ladies' voices) 
 "To Music," op. 3; Part-songs, op. 5. String 
 quartet, in B flat, op. 6 ; Sonata in B flat, 
 pf. , and violin, op. 4 ; Sonata id D, op. 2, pf. 
 Some of these have been performed by the 
 Musical Artists' Society, 1885-7. In MS. he 
 has songs, pieces for violin, etc. 
 
 Spence, Mrs. Sarah, authoress of " An 
 Introduction to the Science of Harmony," 
 London, 1810. 
 
 Spencer, Charles Child, writer and com- 
 poser, born at London, in 1797. He was 
 organist and choirmaster of St. .James' Chapel, 
 Clapton, London. He died at London, June 
 4, 18G9. Author of " Elements of practical 
 music," London, 1829 ; " Elements of musical 
 composition," London, 1840; "The Piano- 
 forte, the rudiments of the art of playing," 
 London, n.d. ; "Rudimentary and practical 
 treatise ou Music," London, 1850, 2 vols. ; 
 " A concise explanation of the church modes, 
 with remarks on the mutations they have 
 undergone since the inventions of the hexa- 
 chord and the modern tonal system of Music 
 ..," London, 1846. Some of the foregoing 
 works have gone through several editions. 
 He composed many glees : Beauteous rosebud ; 
 Oh, merry goes the time ; Now April (mad- 
 rigal) ; Sweet flowers ; When the shadows of 
 evening fall. Songs. Short anthems or in- 
 troits, London, 1847. 
 
 Spencer, John, composer and organist, 
 who was a pupil of Dr. Dupuis, and after- 
 wards his son-in-law. He composed " Again 
 the balmy zephyr" ; " O turn to Hebe," and 
 other glees. Songs, carols, pf. music, etc. 
 Edited the "Cathedral Music" of Dr. T. S. 
 Dupuis, 3 vols. 
 
 Spinney — a family of musicians. Thomas 
 Edward Spinney, organist and composer, 
 born, June 24, 1824, was a pupil of Sir Henry 
 Bishop. Was for many years organist of 
 Wilton Parish Church, and is now organist 
 and choirmaster of St. Edmund's, Salisbury, 
 and conductor of the Salisbury Orpheus 
 Society. A successful teacher ; he was some 
 time musical tutor to H.R.H. the late Duke 
 of Albany. He has composed a cantata, 
 Village Belles ; Church music, and songs ; 
 " The Organist's Assistant " ; nine new organ 
 Voluntaries ; three Musical Sketches (two 
 sets) ; Novelette ; Melodies Gracieuses, and 
 other pieces for pf., etc. Mattie Spinney 
 (Mrs. Beesley), daughter of the above, studied 
 under Benedict, and Sterndale Bennett, and 
 later with Hans von Biilow. Held an organ 
 a2)pointment at St. Paul's, Salisbury, and was 
 afterwards for a time organist of the Parish 
 Church, Banbury. She made her debiot as a 
 pianist at a concert of the New Philharmanic 
 
J5RITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 387 
 
 SPINNEY. 
 
 Society, London, Jilay 8, 1875, taking part, 
 witli Dr. von Biilow, in Bach's Concerto in C 
 minor, for two pianos and orchestra. In 
 1876, she appeared at the Crystal Palace 
 Concerts (November 25) ; and has since then 
 given many performances at which she has 
 been assisted by her pupils. Eugene Spin- 
 ney, the eldest son, was born in 18i5. When 
 seventeen he was appointed organist of ]}an- 
 bury Parish Church (18G2), and in 1865, 
 graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford. He gave good 
 •concerts, and improved the church choir; 
 but his artistic career was short, as he was 
 removed by death, December 4, 1867, at the 
 ■early age of twenty-two. A stained glass 
 window was placed in the Parish Church as a 
 tribute of affection from pupils and friends. 
 Frank Spinney, brother of the preceding, 
 was born March 20, 1S50. He was articled to 
 the Rev. Dr. Hayne, Oxford, and became 
 P R.('.0. His first organ appointment was to 
 St. Denys, Warminster, 1869; from there he 
 went to All Saints', Emscote, Warwick, 1873 ; 
 and in 1878 was appointed to Leamington 
 Parish Church. The present organ and organ 
 gallery were built during his period of office, 
 and largely the result of his exertions. From 
 1882 a number of excellent orchestral, choral, 
 and chamber concerts were given by the 
 Leamington Musical Society, under his direc- 
 tion ; and he gave frequent organ recitals, 
 being a fine executant. He worked with 
 groat zeal for the cause of the best in musical 
 art, but overtaxed his strength ; his death 
 taking place, June 5, 1888. He wrote a 
 number of hymn-tunes, an anthem for har- 
 vest, and some organ music. His memory is 
 perpetuated by a stained glass window in the 
 vestry of Leamington Parish Church. Walter 
 Spinney, the next brother, was born March 
 26, 1852. He was articled to J. E. Richard- 
 son, the cathedral organist, whose assistant 
 he afterwards became. Then followed ajDpoint- 
 ments to St. Edmund's, Salisbury ; Dudley 
 Parish Church ; Christ Church, Doucaster ; 
 and finally, in 1888, on the death of his 
 brother Frank, to Leamington Parish Church. 
 In this town belaboured as performer, teacher, 
 composer, and editor, until his death, June 
 21, 1891. He composed some church services, 
 a number of anthems, and other vocal works ; 
 edited the " Organ library " ; and the " Vesper 
 bell " series of organ pieces, his own contribu- 
 tions to which enjoy wide popularity. Rev. 
 T. Herbert Spinney, youngest of the four 
 brothers, was born January 13, 1857. Studied 
 under Drs. G. B. Arnold, and J. F. Bridge. 
 Harmony Prizeman, Trinity College, London, 
 1876. F.R.C.O. From the age of sixteen 
 was organist at Salisbury ; later, organist, 
 and assistant chaplin, Exeter College, Oxford, 
 having been ordained Deacon in 1881, and 
 Priest, 1882, by the Bishop of Oxford. M.A., 
 
 SPRAY. 
 
 Oxford, 1884. Curate of South Hinksey, 
 Berks., 1881-2; of Wallasey, Cheshire, 1883-5 ; 
 vicar of Newborough, Burton-on-Trent, to 
 present time. Composer of Christ the first 
 fruits : Now thank we all our God, and other 
 anthems ; Church services : Christmas carols 
 (three series) ; six hymns for a flower service ; 
 organ pieces, etc., etc. He was formerly 
 known as an able pianist, and still gives 
 occasional organ recitals. 
 
 Spofforth, Reginald, composer, born at 
 Southwell, Nottingham, in 1770. He studied 
 under his uncle, Thomas Spofforth, organist 
 of Southwell Collegiate Church, and under 
 Dr. B. Cooke. He gained two prizes given by 
 Nob eman's Catch Club. He died at Ken- 
 sington, London, September 8, 1827, aged 57, 
 and is buried in Kensington Parish Church, 
 where a monument bearing the following 
 inscription is placed : "In Memoriam. 
 Under this church are deposited the remains 
 of Reginald Spofforth, professor of music, born 
 at Southwell, Nottinghamshire. He died at 
 Brompton, on the 8th September, 1827, aged 
 57 years. Laus Deo." 
 
 Works. — Set of six glees, London [1799] ; 
 A Collection of Glees, compiled from the 
 unpublished manuscripts of the late Mr. 
 Spofforth, carefully collated with the originals, 
 by W. Hawes, London, n.d. ; The Christmas 
 Box, a variety of Bagatelles for 1, 2, and 3 
 voices, with pf. accompaniment, 2 books, 
 London, n.d. Single Glees : Hail, smiling 
 morn (in No. 1), 1799; Come bounteous May ; 
 How calm the evening ; Fill high the grape's 
 exulting stream (prize), 1810 ; Health to my 
 dear ; My dear mistress ; The Spring, the 
 pleasant spring ; While the madly raging 
 nations; Where are those hours; See, smiling 
 from the rosy east ; Lightly o'er the village 
 green. Canzonets. 
 
 A composer whose name is kept in remem- 
 brance by his ever fresh glee, " Hail, smiling 
 morn." His brother, Samuel, born in 1780, 
 studied under his uncle, and in 1798 became 
 organist of Peterborough Cathedral, and in 
 1807 organist of Lichfield Cathedral. He died 
 at Lichfield, June 6, 1864. Composer of 
 chants and other church music. 
 
 Sporle, Nathan James, who was born 
 BcRNETT, tenor vocalist and composer, born 
 at Ipswich, 1812. He studied under Thomas 
 Welsh. Died March 2, 1853. Some of the 
 best of his many songs are : A calm is o'er 
 the sea ; Draw round the fire ; Country life ; 
 Heart that's true ; In the days when we went 
 gipsying [1840J ; I dwell among the beautiful ; 
 Lugger; Merrie England ; Old winter [1853]; 
 The place where I was born ; Sweet is the 
 vale, etc. 
 
 Spottiswoode, Alicia Ann, see Scott, 
 Lady John D. 
 
 Spray, John, composer and singer, was 
 
388 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SQUIRE. 
 
 a chorister in Southwell ]\Iinster. Afterwards 
 vicar-choral of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dub- 
 lin Doc. Mus., Dublin. He died in Dublin, 
 in January, 1827. Composer of some unim- 
 portant vocal pieces. 
 
 Squire, Emily, soprano vocalist of pre- 
 sent time. Studied at R.C.M. and R.A.M. 
 Sang at Bath early in the year 1888, but 
 made a more important debut at Exeter in 
 April, at the festival of the Western Counties' 
 Musical Association. Made her first appear- 
 ance at the Crystal Palace, Llarch 21, 1891 ; 
 and at the Monday Popular Concerts, January 
 15, 1894. Has sung at the Birmingham 
 Festival Choral Society's Concerts, and in 
 the principal musical centres, attaining a 
 good position among vocalists of the time. 
 
 Squire, William Barclay, musician 
 and autbor, who is one of the staff of the 
 British Museum, and a contributor of bio- 
 graphies of musicians to the Dictionary of 
 National Biography, Grove's Dictionary of 
 Music, etc. With J. A. Fuller Maitland he 
 edited " The Fitzwilliam Virginal Book," 
 1894, and has edited a number of important 
 works by Byrd, Gibbons, Farnaby, Weelkes, 
 and other old English and foreign composers. 
 He has also composed some pieces for the pf. 
 
 Squire, William Henry, violoncellist 
 and composer, born at Ross, Hereford- 
 shire, August 8, 1871. Studied at first 
 under his father, a cultivated amateur 
 violinist, and played in public when seven 
 years old. Gained a scholarship at R.C.IM., 
 1883, which was extended for a second period 
 of three years. Studied under Edward Howell, 
 and was occasionally heard by Piatti, also 
 receiving lessons in composition from Dr. 
 Hubert Parry. Made his debut at the 
 Albeniz concerts, St. James's Hall, February 
 12, 1891. Since then has been heard at 
 various concerts in London and the pro- 
 vinces. Was associated with the concerts of 
 British Chamber IMusic, Queen's Hall, 1894 ; 
 made his first appearance at the Crystal 
 Palace, April 20, 1895, playing the Concerto 
 in A of Saint-Saens, and in the same year 
 was appointed principal 'cello at the Royal 
 Italian Opera, Covent Garden. He was 
 elected an Associate of R.C.M., 1889. His 
 compositions include a concerto for violon- 
 cello, performed R.C.INI. Concert ; serenade ; 
 pastorale ; gavotte ; tarantelle, op. 23 ; four 
 sets of pieces; twelve easy exercises; and 
 other pieces for violoncello ; reverie, etc., for 
 violin ; pieces for pf. solo and duet ; songs, 
 etc. ; also music for mandoline. He has two 
 operettas in ]\IS. 
 
 Sreeve, John, musician and organist of 
 first half of the 18th century. Compiled 
 " The Divine Musick Scholar's Guide, being 
 a. .. .collection of psalm tunes, hymns 
 and anthems," London, 1740. " The Oxford 
 
 STAINER. 
 
 shire Harmony, containing a select nunaber 
 of hymns, anthems, and chants, etc.," Lon- 
 don, 1741, 3 vols. 
 
 Stafford, William Cooke, musician 
 and author, born at York in 1793. He died 
 at Norwich, December 23, 1876. Author of 
 " A History of Music," Edinburgh, 1830 
 (Constable's Miscellany, vol. 52). Translated 
 into French, Paris, 1832, and into German, 
 Weimar, 1835. 
 
 Staggins, Nicholas, composer, was made 
 master of the Royal music in 1682, and 
 graduated Mus. Doc, Cantab., in the same 
 year. He was the first professor of music in 
 Cambridge University, 1684. He died in 1705. 
 Composer of Odes for the birthdays of William 
 III. and Queen Anne ; Songs in Choice "Ayres, 
 Songs, and Dialogues," 1763; music for Drj'- 
 den's " Conquest of Granada," etc. 
 
 Stainer, Sir John, Kt., composer, 
 organist, and writer, born in London, June 
 6, 1840. Chorister, St. Paul's Cathedral, 
 1847-56, during the later years often acting 
 as organist. Studied under W. Bayley, Dr. 
 Steggall, and George Cooper. Organist of St. 
 Benedict and St. Peter, Paul's Wharf, 1854 ; 
 and in 1856 was appointed, by Sir F. Ouseley, 
 organist of St. Michael's College, Tenbury. 
 In 1859 he matriculated at Christ Church, 
 Oxford, and was apjjointed organist of Mag- 
 dalen College the same year, and organist to 
 the University of Oxford, 1860. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, 1859; B.A., 1863; Mus. Doc, 
 1865 ; an-d M.A., 1866, Oxford. Conductor of 
 College Musical Societies. In 1872 he was 
 appointed organist of St. Paul's Cathedral, 
 in succession to (Sir) John Goss, resigning in 
 1888 owing to failing sight. In 1876 he was 
 appointed professor of the organ at the 
 National Training School for Music, and in 
 1881 succeeded (Sir) Arthur Sullivan as 
 Principal. Organist to the Royal Choral 
 Society, 1873-88 ; Juror at the Paris Exhibi- 
 tion, 1878; Government Inspector of Music 
 in Training Schools, in succession to Mr. 
 HuUah, 1882; and has held other important 
 positions, his last appointment being to the 
 Professorship of Music at Oxford University, 
 1889. He is an Honorary Member of R.A.M. ; 
 President of the Musical Association ; Mem- 
 ber of Council, R.C.M. ; Honorary Fellow of 
 IMagdaleu College, Oxford ; and member of 
 the Philharmonic Society. In 1878 he was 
 created Chevalier of the Legion of Honour of 
 France ; received the hon. degree of Mus. 
 Doc, Durham, 1885; Hon. D.C.L., Durham, 
 1895; and in 1888 was Knighted by Her 
 Majesty the Queen. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, Gideon ; Cantatas, The 
 Daughter of Jairus, Worcester Festival, 1878; 
 St. Mary Magdalene, Gloucester, 1883; The 
 Crucifixion, Loudon, 1887. Church Services 
 in E fiat. A, D, and B flat; Canticles, various. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 389 
 
 STAINS. 
 
 Awake, pvit on thy strength ; Deliver me, O 
 Lord ; And all the people saw the thunderings, 
 London Church Choir Association, St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, November 8, 1883 ; Ye shall dwell 
 in the land; and many other anthems. 
 ]Madrigal, The Triumph of Victoria, 1887; 
 Album of Seven Songs, with English and 
 German words; Loyal Death ; "Sly little Pet; 
 Slumber Song (with violoncello ad lib.); and 
 other songs. Arrangements for the organ, 
 5 Nos. Editor of St. Paul's Cathedral Chant 
 Book ; The Cathedral Psalter ; Choir-book of 
 the Holy Communion ; I\Iarbecke's Office of 
 the Burial of the Dead. Joint editor (with 
 Dr. IMartin) of the Ferial Responses; with 
 W. A. Barrett, of A Dictionary of Musical 
 Terms, Novello, 187G; with Rev. H. R. 
 Bramle}', of Carols, Old and New; with Rev. 
 W. Russell, The Cathedral Prayer Book, 
 Novello, 1891; and with Dr. Hubert Parry, 
 of Novello's Music Primers. Author of 
 Primers on The Organ ; Harmony; Composi- 
 tion ; Choral Society Vocalisation ; A Treatise 
 on Harmony (which has gone throu^'h several 
 editions), Novello ; The Music of the Bible, 
 1879. A Few Words to Candidates for the 
 Degree of Mus. Bac, Oxon., Novello, 1897. 
 Lectures and addresses. Musical Association; 
 Conferences of I.S.]\I., etc. His son, C. 
 Stainkr, is author of a work on Violin 
 Makers, Novello, 1896. 
 
 Stains, V. D. de, author of " Phono- 
 graphy, or the writing of pounds, in two 
 parts, viz., logography and musicography." 
 London, 1842. 
 
 Standing, Frank H, baritone vocalist, 
 known as F. H. Celli. He was a member of 
 the Carl Rosa Opera Company from 1875, and 
 was also known as a concert singer, 1878-82. 
 One of his most recent assumptions was that 
 of the Toreador in Bizet's " Carmen," at 
 Covent Garden, April 9, 1891. He married 
 Susan (or Susanna), sister of Louisa Pyne (she 
 died, 1886). 
 
 His sister, Madame Helen S. Norman, 
 known as Helen Standish, was a contralto 
 vocalist. She sang in English and Italian 
 opera companies under Carl Rosa and IMaple- 
 son, and had also been heard in concerts. 
 She died suddenly, in January, 1891. 
 
 Standish, Orlando, author of "Element! 
 •di Contrappunto," Florence, 1836, with fold- 
 ing tables and plates of examples. 
 
 Stanford, Charles Villiers, composer 
 and conductor, born at Dublin, September 30, 
 1852. Son of the late John Stanford, Esq., 
 ExaiTiiner in the Court of Chancery, Dublin, 
 and an accomplished amateur. He was 
 educated in music under Arthur O'Leary and 
 Sir R. P. Stewart ; and afterwards studied, 
 1874-76, at Leipzig, with Reinecke, and 
 at Berlin with F. Kiel. Matriculated at 
 Cambridge as a choral scholar, graduating with 
 
 STANFORD. 
 
 Classical Honours, B.A., 1874 ; M.A., 1877. 
 In 1873 he succeeded Dr. J. L. Hopkins as 
 organist of Trinity College, Cambridge, an 
 appointment he held until 1892. He was 
 conductor of the Cambridge Amateur Vocal 
 Guild, and directed the first performance in 
 England of Sir R. P. Stewart's cantata " The 
 Eve of St. John," November 19, 1872. The 
 Cambridge University Musical Society, of 
 which he was conductor for twenty years from 
 1873, attained a high position, many impor- 
 tant compositions being heard at its concerts 
 for the first time in England, such as Schu- 
 mann's " Paradise and the Peri," the First 
 Symphony of Brahms, etc. It was at a con- 
 cert of this society that ]\Ir. Stanford first 
 appeared as a pianist, November 30, 1870. A 
 few compositions date from the Cambridge 
 period to 1875, but he came into greater prom- 
 inence by winning the second prize at the 
 symphon}^ competition at the Alexandra 
 Palace, 1876. From that time to the pre.sent 
 he has been actively engaged in composition. 
 At the opening of the R.C.M., in 1883, he was 
 appointed professor of composition and 
 orchestral playing, and has given distinction 
 to the College concerts and operatic perform- 
 ances by his enterprise in bringing forward 
 new or neglected works. In 1885 he became 
 conductor of the Bach Choir ; and in 1887 was 
 appointed Professor of Music at Cambridge 
 University. He is a member of the Philhar- 
 monic Society; in 1883 received the Hon. 
 degree of Mus. Doc, Oxford; in 1888, by 
 Grace of the Senate, the same degree was 
 conferred upon him at Cambridge ; and in 
 1892 was elected Corresponding ilember of the 
 Societe des Compositeurs de Musique, Paris. 
 He has conducted concerts at the Crystal 
 Palace (1883), Philharmonic Society (1884, 
 etc.) ; at Berlin, Dresden, etc. ; performances 
 of his works at the chief provincial festivals, 
 and of his operas at Hanover and Hamburg. 
 In June, 1897, he was appointed Conductor of 
 the Leeds Philharmonic Society. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios and Cantatas : The 
 Resurrection (Klopstock), op. 5, for tenor solo, 
 chorus and orchestra, Cambridge, jMay, 1875 ; 
 Psalm 46, op. 8, Cambridge, 1877 : Elegiac 
 Ode (Walt Whitman), op. 21, Norwich Festi- 
 val, 1884 ; The Three Holy Children, oratorio, 
 Birmingham Festival, 1885 ; The Revenge, 
 choral ballad (Tennyson), op. 24, Leeds, 
 1886 ; Carmen Sseculare, Jubilee Ode, op. 26 
 (Tennyson), performed at a State Concert, 
 1887 ; The Voyage of Maeldune (Tenny- 
 son), Leeds Festival, 1889 ; The Battle 
 of the Baltic (Campbell), Hereford, 1891 ; 
 Eden, dramatic oratorio (Robert Bridges), 
 Birmingham, 1891 ; Installation Ode, Cam- 
 bridge, May week, 1892 ; Ode, East to West 
 (Swinburne), London, 1893 ; The Bard, can- 
 tata, Cardiff Festival, 1895; PhaudrigCrohoore, 
 
390 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 STANHOPE. 
 
 choral ballad, Norwich, 1896. Operas : The 
 Veiled Prophet of Khorassan, composed, 1877, 
 produced at Hanover, Februarj' G, 1881 
 (libretto by W. Barclay Squire) ; Savonarola, 
 produced, Hamburg, April 18, 1884 ; The 
 Canterburj' Pilgrims, produced, Coveiit Garden 
 Carl Rosa), April 28, 1884 (libretto by G. A. 
 A'Beckett) ; and Shamus O'Brien, Opera 
 Comique, London, March 2, 1896 (text by G. 
 H. Jessoi? from Le Fanu). Incidental music 
 to Tennyson's Queen Mary, Lyceum, April 18, 
 1876 ; Tennyson's Becket, Lyceum, February 
 6, 1893 ; ^schylus' Eumenides, Cambridge, 
 
 1885 ; Sophocles' CEdipus, Cambridge, 1887. 
 Mass in G, op. 46 (in memoriam, Thonias 
 Wingham), Brompton Oratory, May 26, 1893; 
 Psalm 150, IManchester, 1887 ; Awake, mj- 
 heart (Klopstock), choral hymn, op. 16, St. 
 Paul's Cathedral, November 3, 1881 ; Morning, 
 Evening, and Communion Services in B fiat, 
 F, and A ; Anthems, etc. Elizabethan Pas- 
 torals, 4 voices; Three Cavalier songs, op. 18; 
 Day is dying; To the rose; Eight songs 
 (George Eliot), op. 1 ; two sets of 6 songs 
 (Heine), op. 4, 7 ; and other songs. Editor of 
 fifty Irish melodies, 1883 ; Song book for 
 schools, 1884; Irish songs and ballads, Novello, 
 1893 (?) ; The Irish melodies of Thomas IMoore, 
 Boosey, 1896. Orchestral : Symphony No. 1, 
 in B flat (prize), 1876; No. 2, in D minor 
 (Elegiac), Cambridge, March 7, 1882 ; No. 3, 
 in F minor (Irish), Richter, June 27, 1887; 
 No. 4, in F (Thro' youth to strife ; thro' death 
 to life), Berlin Philharmonic Society, January 
 14, 1889 ; No. 5, in D (L'Allegro ed il Pensi- 
 eroso), op. 56, Philharmonic Society, London, 
 March 20, 1895. Serenade, op. 17, Birming- 
 ham Festival, 1882. Overtures, Festival, in B 
 flat, Gloucester Festival, 1877 ; Queen of the 
 Seas (Armada Tercentenary), 1888. Concerto, 
 'cello and orchestra (MS.) ; Concerto in G, op. 
 59, pf. and orchestra, Richter, May 27, 1895 ; 
 Suite in D, violin and orchestra, Berlin, Jan- 
 uary 14, 1889. Chamber Music : Sonata in A, 
 op. 9, pf. and 'cello ; in D, op. 11, pf. and 
 violin ; Three intermezzi, pf. and clarinet, op. 
 13 ; Quartet in F, op. 15, pf. and strings ; 
 Quartet in D minor, op. 25 (Dannreuther), 
 
 1886 ; Trio in E fiat, op. 35 ; Sonata in D 
 niinor, op. 39, pf. and 'cello. Popular Concerts, 
 November 18, 1889; String Quartets in G, op. 
 44 ; A minor, op. 54 ; D minor, op. 64. Pour 
 Irish pieces, violin and pf. Sonata in D flat, 
 op. 20 ; Three pieces, op. 42 ; Toccata in C, 
 etc., for pf. Prelude and Fugue, organ, Pro- 
 fessor Stanford's latest work is a Requiem 
 Mass, accepted for perfornaance at the 
 Birmingham Festival of 1897. 
 
 Stanhope, Charles, Third Earl of, 
 peer and scientist, born 1753, succeeded 1786, 
 died 1816. Author of "Principles of the 
 science of tuning instruments with fixed 
 tones," London, 1806. 
 
 STANLEY. 
 
 Stanislaus, Frederick, composer and 
 conductor, born at Kidderminster, December 
 27, 1844. Studied the violin at an early age, 
 and was one of the "Little men" taken on 
 tour by Dr. Mark, of Manchester. Organist 
 of Kidderminster Parish Church, and at 
 Hartlebury. Conductor of several opera 
 companies in London and the provinces. 
 Went to America, and on his return was 
 musical director at the Prince's Theatre, and 
 later at the Theatre Royal, Manchester. He 
 then went to the Prince of Wales' Theatre, 
 London, and subsequently spent some time 
 in Australia. He conducted the touring com- 
 panies with the Gilbert-Sullivan operas, and 
 was much in request as an accompanist, acting 
 in that capacity for Sims Reeves and others. 
 He died at Hammersmith, November 22, 1891. 
 His compositions include an opera, " The 
 Lancashire Witches," produced at the Theatre 
 Royal, Manchester ; music to several panto- 
 mimes ; part of the music to " The Palace of 
 Pearl," Empire Theatre, London, 1886; songs, 
 part-songs, etc. His wife, as Miss Fanny 
 RoBiNA, sang with much success in comic opera. 
 
 Stanistreet, Henry Dawson, organist 
 and composer, was a chorister in York Cathe- 
 dral. Mus. Bac, Oxon., 1862. Mus. Doc, 
 Dublin, 1878. Organist at Bandon, Cork, 
 1862, of Taum Cathedral, 1864, and of Trinity 
 College, Dublin. Composer of Psalms IG and 
 69, anthems, and other Church music. He 
 died at Dublin, August 1, 1883. 
 
 Stanley, Charles John, organist and 
 composer, born at London, January 17, 1713. 
 He was accidentally made blind when about 
 two years of age. Studied music under J. 
 Reading and M. Greene, and became organist 
 of All Hallows' Church, Bread Street, 1724 ; 
 St. Andrew's, Holborn, 1726 ; and of the 
 Temple Church, 1739. He graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Oxford, 1729. In 1779 he was made 
 master of the Royal band of music, in suc- 
 cession to Boyce. He died at London, May 
 19, 1786. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios: Jex5hthah,1757; Zimri, 
 1760 ; Fall of Egypt, 1774 ; Arcadia, or the 
 shepherd's wedding, 1761 (dramatic pastoral 
 to celebrate marriage of George III.) Six 
 cantatas for a voice and instruments, London 
 [1742] ; Second set [1750] . Songs : Dull un- 
 animated wretch ; Heigh, ho ! ; I feel new 
 passions rise ; Leave me shepherd; Power of 
 musick and beauty ; The red breast. Instru- 
 mental ■■ Op. 1, eight solos for a German flute, 
 violin, or harpsichord [1745], etc.; Op. 2, 
 six concertos in seven parts for four violins, 
 a tenor violin, and violoncello, with a thorough- 
 bass for the harpsichord ; Op. 4, six solos for 
 a Germaii flute, violin, or harpsichord [1770] ; 
 0pp. 5, 6, 7, ten voluntaries for the organ or 
 pf. ; Six concertos set for the harpsichord or 
 organ [1760]. 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 391 
 
 I 
 
 STANLEY. 
 
 Stanley, Samuel, composer, born cat Bir- 
 mingiiain in 1767. He was Precentor in 
 Carr's Lane Congregational Chapel Birming- 
 ham, and afterwards in connection with the 
 same congregation on its removal to a new 
 chapel in Steelhouse Lane, in 1818. He played 
 the violoncello in the Birmingham Theatre or- 
 chestra, and in the Festival Choral Society, 
 1802-1818. He died at Birmingham in Octo- 
 ber, 1822. Now best remembered by his 
 hymn tunes " Doversdale " and " Warwick." 
 He issued " Twenty-four tunes in four parts," 
 Birmingham, n.d. ; Two psalm tunes in four 
 parts, Birmingham, n.d. ; Nineteen psalm, 
 hymn, and charity hymn tunes, Birmingham 
 [1800] ; Sacred music, comprising two new 
 psalm and hymn tunes [1825] ; Psalm and 
 hymn tunes, 3 books [1830], collected. 
 
 Stansbury, George Frederick, com- 
 poser, tenor singer, and flutist, was born at 
 Bristol in 1800. He was trained by his father, 
 Joseph Stansbury, and in 1819, travelled as 
 accompanist with Catalani during a concert 
 tour. For some time he acted as conductor 
 at the Theatre Royal, Dublin, but in 1828 he 
 sang at the Haymarket Theatre, London, in 
 the "Beggar's Opera," afterwards appearing 
 at the London theatres. He was conductor 
 at St. James' Theatre, Surrey Theatre, and 
 other f)laces in London. Died at Lambeth, 
 London, June 3, 1845. 
 
 Works. — Operas or musical dramas : Waver- 
 ley (with Lee) ; Puss in Boots, 1832 ; Elfin 
 Sprite, 1833, etc. The Passions, being six 
 songs, London [1833] , containing also songs 
 by Cooke, etc. Oak and the Rose, song, and 
 others. 
 
 Stapleton, Mrs., bom Anna Isabella 
 Matthkws, is notable as having been the 
 first professional teacher of the Tonic Sol-fa 
 system. She died at London, March 23, 
 1885. 
 
 Stark, Humphrey John, organist and 
 composer, born May 22, 1851. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1875. One of the founders 
 of Trinity College, London. Organist of 
 Holy Trinity, Tulse Hill, 1875. Composer of 
 an Evening service, with orchestra; Church 
 services, anthems, etc. Cantata, The Rival 
 Seasons, performed. Trinity College, London, 
 1885. Twelve pieces for organ, etc. Author 
 of various papers read before the College of 
 Organists, and other institutions. 
 
 Statham, Francis Reginald, composer 
 and author, settled in South Africa. He was 
 at one time minister of a Scotch congregation. 
 His cantata, " Prosperity and Praise," was 
 composed for the exhibition at Kimberley, 
 1892 ; and he has also composed a cantata, 
 " Vasco de Gama," for soli, chorus, and or- 
 chestra. Author of various volumes of poems ; 
 " Blacks, Boers, and British," 1881 ; " Mr. 
 Magnus," and other novels. 
 
 STEELE. 
 
 Statham, H. Heathcote, architect, 
 author, and amateur musician. He is a 
 Fellow of the Institute of British Architects, 
 and editor of The Builder. Author of " Form 
 and design in Music : aesthetic condition of 
 the Art," London, Chapman and Hall, 1898 ; 
 "Architecture for general readers. .," London, 
 Chapman, 1895 ; 2nd edition, 1896. 
 
 Statham, Rev. William, clergyman and 
 musician, born at Tarporley Rectory, Cheshire, 
 September 26, 1832. Educated at Marl- 
 borough College, and University College, 
 Durham. B.A., 1856; Mus. Doc, 1876, 
 Durham. Vicar of EUesmere-Port from 1806, 
 and organist of the parish church. Orgaiiising 
 choirmaster, Fordsham Deaneries Choral 
 Association, 1869-79. Composer of an oratorio, 
 "The Beauty of Holiness," Liverpool, 1888; 
 Church Service in F (1869), songs, etc. Con- 
 tributed to Hymns Ancient and IModern ; 
 Hymnal Companion ; Primitive Methodist 
 Hymnal ; and Chants Ancient and Modern. 
 Organ arrangements, etc. 
 
 Stead, J. H., comic singer, who appeared 
 in London and other music halls with an 
 eccentric song, called the " Perfect Cure," 
 which was once widely known and popular. 
 He lost his savings in a bank failure, and 
 died in London of consumption, January 24, 
 1886. 
 
 Steane, Bruce Harry Dennis, composer 
 and organist, born at Champion Hill, Cam- 
 berwell, London, June 22, 1866. Chorister at 
 the age of eight at St. Augustine's, Forest 
 Hill, and assistant-organist when twelve. 
 Musical training private. Has held the posts 
 of organist and choirmaster successively at 
 St. Bartholonaew's, Swanley ; Seal Parish 
 Church, Sevenoaks ; and Parish Church, 
 Whitechapel ; and is also organist and choir 
 trainer for the Rural Deanery of Spitalfields. 
 His compositions, chiefly in the smaller forms, 
 are very numerous, reaching to op. 89, and 
 include a sacred cantata, " The Ascension," 
 op. 18 (published 1895) ; church services ; 
 many anthems, published in Novello's octavo 
 series ; songs, part-songs, etc. Organ pieces, 
 including two Albums for American organ ; 
 pianoforte pieces, etc., etc. 
 
 Steed, Albert Orlando, composer and 
 author, born in 1839. Studied under Stern- 
 dale Bennett. Professor of music, Totteridge 
 Park School, Herts., about 1860-2. Organist 
 of Parish Church, Long IMelford, Suffolk, 
 1865 ; and at Holy Trinity, Penge, for some 
 years up to the time of his death, October 25, 
 1881. Author of " IMusic in play and music 
 in earnest," London, 1873 ; Favourite lessons 
 for the pf. [1858] ; Four songs from the 
 " Idylls of the King " [1861] ; Seven tunes to 
 popular hymns, and two kyries, London 
 [1878] ; duets, songs, etc. 
 
 Steele, Joshua, musician and writer, 
 
392 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 STEELE. 
 
 author of " A short treatise on harmony," 
 London, 1730. " Prosodia Ratioualis, or an 
 essay towards estabhshlng the melody and 
 measures of speech to be expressed and per- 
 petuated by symbols," London, 1775. Two 
 papers on musical instruments brought from 
 the South Pacific Islands. 
 
 Steele, Mary Sarah, see siob. Masson, 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 5teggall, Charles, organist and com- 
 poser, born in London, June 3, 1826. After a 
 year's ^jrivate tuition on the organ, he entered 
 the R. A.M., 1847, and studied under Stern- 
 dale Bennett, afterwards his life-long friend. 
 In 1851 he accumulated the degrees of I\Ius. 
 Bac. and Mus. Doc, Cambridge, and was 
 appointed professor of harmony and organ at 
 the R.A.M., of which Institution he is a 
 Fellow. In 1848 he was appointed organist 
 of Christ Chapel, IMaida Vale ; in 1855 of 
 Christ Church, Paddington ; and in 1864 the 
 organistship of Lincoln's Inn Chapel was 
 conferred upon him, which position he still 
 retains. While a student at the R.A.M., in 
 1849, he was consulted by Bennett on the 
 subject of the Bach Society, and from its for- 
 mation, October 27, 1849, to its dissolution, 
 1870, he held the office of Hon. Sec. At 
 Crosby Hall, in 1852, he gave two lectures on 
 " Music as applied to Religion " ; and October 
 18, 1864, delivered the inaugural lecture of 
 the College of Organists, of which institution 
 he was one of the founders. He has occasion- 
 ally lectured at other places, but his life's 
 work is at the R.A.M. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 105, O give thanks, soli, 
 eight-part chorus, and orchestra ; Psalm 33, 
 Rejoice in the Lord (performed at R.A.]\I., 
 and, 1864, Cambridge) ; Magnificat and Nunc 
 dimittis in C, and Cantate Domino and Deus 
 misereatur in C, for voices and orchestra ; 
 Morning and Evening Service in F, and 
 various service settings. Harvest anthem. 
 Praised be the Lord ; He was as the morning 
 star; Hear ye, and give ear; and others. 
 Instruction Book, and various compositions 
 for the organ. Editor of Church Psalmody 
 (1848) ; Six motets of J. S. Bach ; Musical 
 Editor (1889) of Hymns, Ancient and Modern; 
 Contributor to various collections. 
 
 His youngest son, Reginald Steggall, 
 born in London, April 17, 1867, was educated 
 at the R.A.M. , of which he is an Associate, 
 and, since 1895, professor of the organ. In 
 1886 he was appointed to St. Anne's, Soho, 
 but he now acts as his father's assistant at 
 Lincoln's Inn Chapel. He has composed a 
 Festival Evening Service for voices and 
 orchestra ; various anthems ; Dramatic Scena, 
 " Alcestis " ; Songs, etc. ; a symphony ; Two 
 overtures ; a concert piece for organ and 
 orchestra ; various organ pieces ; a Mass for 
 voices, orchestra, and organ, etc. 
 
 STEPHENS. 
 
 Steil, William Henry, harpist and com- 
 poser, was born about 1787 ; died at Poole, 
 Dorset, February 3, 1851. Author of " An 
 Elementary Treatise for the Harp," London, 
 1830. Composer of rondos, fantasias, diverti- 
 mentos, duets, etc., for harp and f)f. , and 
 arranger of a large number of celebrated 
 compositions for the harp. 
 
 Stein, Grace, see Wallace, Lady Max- 
 well. 
 
 Stella, Alfred, see Patersox, Robebt 
 Roy. 
 
 Stenhouse, William, writer and col- 
 lector, born in Roxburghshire in 1773. He 
 was by profession an accountant in Edinburgh. 
 He died at Edinburgh, November 10, 1827. 
 Published " Illustrations of the Lyric Poetry 
 and Alusic of Scotland.." Edinburgh, 1839. 
 Second edition by David Laing, LL.D., 
 Edinburgh, 1853. This was intended as a 
 series of annotations for Johnson's " Scots 
 Musical IMuseum," and has proved a quarry 
 for all subsequent students of Scots music. 
 Many of Stenhouse's alleged inaccuracies, 
 which Chappell and others have mentioned 
 in contemptuous terms, turn out, on investi- 
 gation by later and more painstaking students, 
 to be perfectly correct statements. The work 
 generally is not commendable on the score of 
 correctness. 
 
 Stephen, Rev. Edward, surnamed 
 Tanymarian, composer, was born near Fes- 
 tiniog in 1822; died at Tanymarian, near 
 Bangor, May 10, 1885. Composed the first 
 Welsh oratorio, " The Sea of Tiberius " ; 
 Llyfr Tonau ac Emynau [1870] ; and various 
 collections of Welsh music issued principally 
 from Wrexham. 
 
 Stephens, Catherine, Countess of Essex, 
 soprano \ncalist, born at London, December 
 18, 1791. She studied under Lanza and Thos. 
 Welsh, and appeared in Italian opera in 1812, 
 and in Arne's " Artaxerxes," 1813. From then 
 till 1835 she appeared at all the x^rincipal con- 
 certs in London, and at the provincial con- 
 certs. She also appeared in English opera at 
 Covent Garden and Drury Lane Theatres. In 
 1835 she retired, and in 1838 was married to 
 the Earl of Essex. She died at London, Feb- 
 ruary 22, 1882. Well-known in her day as 
 " Kitty Stephens," and was famed as an ad- 
 mirable exponent of English ballad music. 
 
 Stephens, Charles Edward, composer, 
 pianist, and organist, born in London, March 
 18, 1821. Nephew of the preceding. Began 
 his studies at an early age, his masters being 
 Cix^riani Potter for pf., J. A. Hamilton for har- 
 mony, etc., and Henry Blagrove for violin. 
 He first came into notice as a member of the 
 Society of British Musicians, an overture of 
 his being rehearsed in January, 1842. He 
 played second violin in the quartets, and had 
 string quartets of his own produced, one in 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 393 
 
 STEPHENS. 
 
 G, in 1843, and one in F, 1844. He became a 
 member of the Royal Society of Musicians in 
 1843, and the same year was appointed organist 
 of St. Mark's, ]Myddelton Square. In 1846 he 
 was elected organist of Holy Trinity, Padding- 
 ton ; St. Marks, Hamilton Terrace, 1862 ; St. 
 ■Clemeiit Danes, Strand, 1864 ; St. Sayiour's, 
 Paddington, 1872, resigning in 187.5. He 
 occasionally played in public as a pianist, but 
 was chiefly occupied in teaching. Elected an 
 Associate, "^1850, and Member, 1857, of the 
 Philharmonic Society ; and afterwards fre- 
 quently chosen as a Director ; and from 1880 
 acted as Treasurer. F.C.0.,1865; Hon.R.A.M., 
 1870. An original member of the Musical 
 Association (1874), he read seyeral papers at 
 its meetings. In 1885 he was appointed one 
 of the Examiners for musical degrees at Cam- 
 laridge University. He took an active interest 
 in the I.S.M., played in his pf. duos at the 
 Conferences of 1888 and 1890 ; and conducted 
 a performance of his Symphony in G minor, 
 at Mr. Stockley's Birmingham Concerts, April 
 24, 1890, and at the Philharmonic Concerts, 
 March 19, 1891, He died in London, July 13, 
 1892. 
 
 Works. — Orchestral : Two symphonies ; Five 
 overtures — A Dream of Happiness, No. 4, per- 
 formed at the Royal Albert Hall, October, 
 1873; A Recollection of the Past, Philhar- 
 monic, April 28, 1880. Other orchestral pieces 
 in MS. String quartets in G, op. 21 ; in P, 
 op. 22 (Trinity College, London, Prize Com- 
 positions), 1879; Quartet in B minor, op. 2; 
 Trio in F, op. 1, pf. and strings; Allegro and 
 andante varie, for flute, oboe, clarinet, horn, 
 and bassoon, 1892 ; Sonata piacevole, o^. 25, 
 pf. and flute. Pianoforte : Duo brillant in E, 
 op. 19 ; Duo concertante in G, op. 4, and in 
 ■C, op. 2G, two pianos. Sonata in A flat, op. 8, 
 Musical Artists' Society, 1882 ; Romance ; 
 Impronai)tu, etc. Transcriptions, various. 
 Organ: Two movements, op. 3; a second set, 
 op. 7; a third set, op. 15; Fantasia, Offertoire, 
 etc. Church services and anthems. Part- 
 song, men's voices, Come, fill ye right merrily, 
 Prize, Leslie's Choir, 1858 ; Glees, songs, etc. 
 Author of article. Philharmonic Society, in 
 Grove's Dictionary'. Editor of The Choir 
 Chant Book, containing 513 chants, with 
 Biographical Notices of the Composers, Lon- 
 don, Bemrose, 1882. 
 
 S.^MUEL John Stephens, his brother, born 
 in London, September 4, 1819, studied under 
 Potter, Hamilton, and H. Blagrove. Appeared 
 as pianist with C. E. Stephens at concerts in 
 1845. Associate, 1859 ; Member, 1888, Phil- 
 harmonic Society. Engaged in teaching, and 
 esteemed as an excellent jDianist. Died at 
 Hammersmith, -June 29, 1889. 
 
 Stephens, John, organist and composer, 
 was born probably at Gloucester about 1720. 
 He was a chorister in Gloucester Cathedral, 
 
 STEVEN. 
 
 and in 1746 he succeeded Edward Thomson 
 as organist there. In 1763 he graduated Mus. 
 Doc, Cambridge, and in 1766 he conducted 
 the Gloucester Festival. He died at Salis- 
 bury, December 15, 1780. A volume of his 
 compositions for the church was issued at 
 London in 1805, as Cathedral music, corrected 
 and published by Highmore Skeats. One of 
 his pieces called the Chimes of Gloucester 
 Cathedral, was edited by C. L. Williams. 
 
 Stephenson, Joseph, musician of the 
 18th century, who resided at Poole, in Dorset. 
 He published " Church Harmony sacred to 
 de\otion, being a choice set of new anthems 
 and psalm tunes on various subjects, having 
 the energy of our English words particularly 
 expressed, with an air to each different sub- 
 ject," London [1770]. "The Musical Com- 
 panion, containing te deum, jubilate in 4 
 parts. .. .also 2 anthems for a club feast 
 day .... the whole for the use of country 
 chrirs. ..." London, n.d. Songs : The Pipe, 
 etc., and other vocal music. 
 
 Stephenson, R. J., author of " Elemen- 
 tary elucidations of the major and minor of 
 Music, exemplifying the diatonic scale...." 
 London [1817]. 
 
 Stephenson or Stevenson, Robert, 
 musician of the 16th century, who graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Oxford, in 1587, and Mus. Doc, 
 Oxford, in 1596. 
 
 Stern, Leo, violoncellist, born at Brighton. 
 His father, Leopold Stern, was born at Diis- 
 seldorf, but is a naturalised Englishman, and 
 a well-known professor of the violin and con- 
 ductor, at Brighton. His mother, as Miss 
 Annie Laurence, was regarded as one of the 
 best amateur pianists in the district. He 
 has appeared with success at concerts in 
 London and the provinces since about 1886. 
 At the Philharmonic Society's concert, March 
 19, 1896, he played, for the first time, 
 Dvorak's coiicerto for the violoncello, op. 
 104, and with such success that he was in- 
 vited by the composer to play it at Prague, 
 which he did on April 9. In the early part 
 of 1897 he was in New York. He has two 
 sisters in the musical profession. His com- 
 positions are chiefly for his special instru- 
 ment, and consist of a Mazurka Fantastique, 
 IMelodie Romantique, gavotte, serenade, etc. ; 
 also songs. 
 
 Steven, James, music publisher and 
 collector, who lived in Glasgow as a music- 
 seller. He was leader of psalmody at the 
 University Hall. He died previous to 1833. 
 Compiler of " A Selection of psalm and hymn 
 tunes in four parts .... to which is added a 
 compendious introduction...." Glasgow, 
 1801, vol. 1; Selection of Sacred music... 
 vols. 2, 3, 4, and 5. The sixth volume of 
 this collection was edited by John Turnbull 
 as a " Selection of original sacred music," 
 
394 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 STEVENS. 
 
 Glasgow, 1833 ; 2nd edition, 1840. " Har- 
 monia Sacra, a selection of the most approved 
 psalm and hymn tunes," Glasgow, n.d., 2 
 vols. He also published some music for the 
 flute, etc. 
 
 Stevens, Alfred Peck, known as Alfred 
 Glenville Vance, or even better as the 
 " Great Vance," a comic singer, who was 
 born in London, in 1840. He first appeared 
 on the stage and made his debut as a comic 
 singer at the Sun Music Hall, Knightsbridge. 
 He also organised an annual concert party, 
 and introduced the music-hall style to the 
 higher classes of society. While singing 
 "Are you Guilty" at the Sun Music Hall, 
 Knightsbridge, on the night of December 26, 
 1888, he fell at the wings after the third 
 verse. He was conveyed to St. George's 
 Hospital, but died before the cab reached 
 the institution. 
 
 Stevens, Rev. Arthur Henry, organist, 
 graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1888. B.A., 
 1881 ; M.A., 1884. Organist, choir-master, 
 and conductor, Worcester College, Oxford ; 
 Holy Trinity, Roehampton ; St. John's, Ham- 
 mersmith; director of the music, organist, 
 and precentor, Dover College, Kent. Has 
 given organ recitals in Canterbury Cathedral 
 (1887), etc. Compositions : Sacred cantata, 
 "The Song of Tobit " (MS.); anthems, 
 carols, evening service ; scherzo for organ, 
 etc. 
 
 Stevens, CharSes Isaac, author of " An 
 Essay on the Theory of ilusic," Gottingen, 
 1863.' 
 
 Stevens, Jeannie M., see Hale, Mrs. 
 William. 
 
 Stevens, Richard John Samuel, com- 
 poser and organist, born at London, 1757. 
 He was trained as a chorister in St. Paul's 
 Cathedral under Savage, and became organist 
 of the Temple Church in 1786 ; and of the 
 Charter House, 1796. Gained prizes from 
 Catch Club, 1782 and 1786. Professor of 
 Music, Gresham College, 1801. He died at 
 Peckham, London, September 23, 1837. 
 
 Works. — Eight Glees for 4 and 5 voices, 
 op. 3, London [1790] ; Eight Glees, op. 4, 
 London [1792] ; Ten Glees for 3, 4, 5 and 6 
 voices, op. 5, London [1800] ; Seven Glees, 
 op 6, London [1808] . Eight Glees, expressly 
 composed for Ladies. Sacred Music for 1, 2, 
 3 and 4 voices, consisting of Selections from 
 the works of the most esteemed composers, 
 Italian and English, London, n.d., .3 vols. 
 Ten Songs, with an accompaniment for two 
 violins, London, n.d. 
 
 One of the most popular of English glee 
 composers. Some of his works are in constant 
 use at the present time. Among his best 
 known glees are "From Oberon in Fairy 
 Land," " Sigh no more. Ladies," " Ye spotted 
 snakes," " The cloud-capt towers," " Crabbed 
 
 STEWART. 
 
 age and Youth," etc. Many of his glees still 
 remain in manuscript. 
 
 Stevens, William Seaman, pianist and 
 composer, born at Westminster in 1778. He- 
 studied under R. J. S. Stevens, Dr. Cooke, 
 and T. Smart. Author of "Treatise on Piano- 
 forte Expression, containing the Principles of 
 Pine Playing on that Instrument,". .Loudon, 
 1811. Composer of Lyric recitation of the 
 garden scene in Romeo and Juliet [1815] ; 
 Ladies canzonets, 1795. Songs : Mary, or 
 the beauty of Buttermere, The Naiad, 
 etc. 
 
 Stevenson, Sir John Andrew, com- 
 poser, born at Dublin, 1761-62, son of John 
 Stevenson, a Scottish violinist from Glasgow, 
 who settled in Dublin. He studied under 
 Dr. IMurphy, and was a Chorister in St. 
 Patrick's Cathedral, 1775-80, and Vicar- 
 choral, 1783. Mus. Doc, Dublin, 1791. 
 Vicar-choral, Christ Church Cathedral, Dub- 
 lin, 1800; and Chorister in Trinity College, 
 Dublin. Married to daughter of ]\Ir. Morton, 
 of the Custom House, Dublin. Knighted, 
 1803. His daughter was married to the Earl 
 of Headfort. He died at his daughter's 
 house in Meath, September 14, 1833. 
 
 Works. — Music to The Son-in-Law ; The 
 Patriot ; Border Feuds ; Bedouins ; Spanish 
 Patriots; Agreeable surprise; Contract, 1783; 
 and Love in a blaze, 1800, etc. Thanksgiving,, 
 an oratorio. Morning and Evening Services 
 and Anthems for the use of the church of 
 England, . .London, 2 vols. [1825]. Glees: 
 See our oars with feathered spray ; Welcome 
 friends of harmony ; To thy lover, dear, 
 discover ; Hail ! to the mighty pow'r of song • 
 Dublin Cries (round), etc. Canons, catches, 
 and glees (collected), London. Duets and 
 songs. Moore's Irisli Melodies, with sym- 
 phonies and accompaniments by Sir John 
 Stevenson and Henry R. Bishop 10 parts and 
 supplement, 1807-34 ; re-issued, harmonized, 
 1858. A series of sacred songs, duets, and 
 trios, the words by Thomas Moore. .London, 
 n.d. A selection of Popular National Airs,, 
 with symphonies and accompaniments by Sir 
 John Stevenson,. .London, 1818, 2 vols., illus- 
 trated. 
 
 Stewart, Charles, composer and violinist,, 
 who flourished in the latter part of last and 
 early in the present century. He was a 
 musician and teacher of dancing in Leith 
 and Edinburgh, and died in June, 1818. He 
 issued two collections of Reels, Strathspeys, 
 etc., entitled " Collection of Strathspey, 
 reels, giggs, etc., with a bass for the violon- 
 cello or harpsichord." Edinburgh, 1799. 
 " First Book of Minuets, high dances, etc."' 
 [1805]. His son, Robert Barclay Stewart, 
 violinist, was born on October 19, 1804. In 
 1858 he was leader at the Theatre Royal,. 
 Edinburgh, and was mostly engaged as a 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 395 
 
 STEWART. 
 
 performer at concerts, balls, etc., in Edin- 
 burgh and its neighbourhood. He died at 
 Edinburgh, May IG, 1885. Compiler of " A. 
 new set of military quadrilles arranged for 
 the pianoforte," 1826; and a large collection 
 of Scots dance music, also composer of the 
 Jolly volunteer, song ; Scott centenary quad- 
 rille, etc. 
 
 Stewart, Charles, collector, born at 
 Gleulyon House, Fortingall, December 24, 
 1823, He is a lieut. -colonel in the army. 
 Published " The Killin Collection of Gaelic 
 Songs, with music and translations," Edin- 
 burgh, 1884. 
 
 Stewart, Mrs. Colonel, see Wainwright, 
 Harkiet. 
 
 Stewart, Neil, Scottish musie-seller, pub- 
 lisher, and editor, flourished in Edinburgh in 
 latter half of last and beginning of present 
 century. He carried on business between 
 1759-1805, at the sign of the Violin and 
 German Flute, and Violin and Guitar, in 
 various parts of Edinburgh, and in partner- 
 ship with his son jMalcolm. In 1805 the 
 whole stock of the firm was sold by auction. 
 Published, A new collection of Scots and 
 English tunes, adapted to the guitar . . Edin- 
 burgh [1760]. A collection of the newest and 
 best reels or country dances, adapted for the 
 violin or German flute, with a bass for the 
 violoncello or harpsichord, Edinburgh [1761- 
 62], issued in 9 parts. A collection of the 
 newest and best IMinuets.. [1770]. A second 
 collection of airs and marches for two violins, 
 German flutes, and hautboys, all of which 
 have basses for the violoncello or harpsichord, 
 Edinburgh. A collection of Scots songs 
 adapted for a voice or harpsichord, Edin- 
 burgh [1790] . A collection of catches, canons, 
 glees, duettos, etc., selected from the works 
 of the most eminent composers, ancient and 
 modern, Edinburgh [1780]. 
 
 Stewart, Nellie, soprano vocalist, born 
 in Australia. Created on the Australian stage 
 the heroines in the later Gilbert-Sullivan 
 operas, being particularly successful in the 
 "]\Iikado." Organised and directed a com- 
 pany with success, and being advised to visit 
 England, took her farewell at IMelbourne, in 
 " Paul Jones," January 22, 1891. Made her 
 first appearance at the Prince of Wales' 
 Theatre, London, February 6, 1892, in " Blue- 
 eyed Susan," with much success. 
 
 Stewart, Sir Robert Prescott, Kt., 
 organist, composer, and writer, born at Dub- 
 lin, December 16, 1825. Son of Charles F. 
 Stewart, librarian of the King's Inns, Dublin. 
 Received his musical education in the school 
 of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, and was 
 appointed cathedral organist in 1844, as well 
 as at St. Patrick's, and Trinity College. In 
 1846 he became conductor of the University 
 Choral Society; graduated Mus. Bac, and 
 
 STIDOLPH. 
 
 Mus. Doc, Dublin, 1851 ; and in 1861 was 
 appointed professor of music in Dublin Uni- 
 versity. There was no fund from which to 
 pay an organist at St. Patrick's Cathedral, so 
 in 1852 he was made a vicar-choral, with the 
 understanding that he would continue to play 
 the organ as he had previously done. In 1872 
 he was invited to represent Ireland at the 
 Peace Festival held at Boston, U.S.A. ; he did 
 not go, but sent an Ode, in which Irish and 
 American airs were worked up. About that 
 time he began his connection with the Royal 
 Irish Academy of Music, as professor of har- 
 mony, organ, etc. In 1873 he was appointed 
 conductor of the Dublin Philharmonic. He 
 was a remarkably fine organ player, and gave 
 performances in many parts of England, his 
 extemporisations being masterly. He trav- 
 elled a good deal, and had great literary 
 powers, as shown in his numerous lectures ; 
 and he was an authority on bagpipes of all 
 kinds. In 1872 he was knighted by Earl 
 Spencer, and received many public tokens of 
 admiration at the same time. He died at 
 Dublin, March 25, 1894. 
 
 Works.— Ode to Industry, Cork Exhibition, 
 1852 ; A Winter night's wake (1858), and 
 The eve of St. John, cantatas ; Ode to Shake- 
 speare, Birmingham Festival, 1870; "Com- 
 mittee " cantata. University Choral Society, 
 1 889 ; Ode for Tercentenary Festival of Trinity 
 College, Dublin, July 5, 1892. Ten other can- 
 tatas and odes in MS. Church service in E 
 flat, for double choir ; Services, various ; IMotets 
 and anthems, twelve published, others in MS. 
 Musical editor of Church Hymnal. Glee, O 
 Nightingale ''Milton), Hibernian Catch Club 
 Prize, 1848 ; five other prize glees The bells 
 of St. Michael's tower ; Fairest flower ; The 
 dream ; Haymakers' song ; and other part- 
 songs. Song, The Reefer, Orchestra prize, 
 1865 ; many songs, published and in MS. 
 Suite in G, violins, Dublin, 1891. Orchestral 
 music, MS. Concert fantasia in D minor, 
 and other pieces for organ. Lectures: Ancient 
 Irish music ; Irish composers ; Bagpipes ; 
 Eastern music ; Musical epochs, etc. Essays 
 in Cassell's Biographical Dictionary ; and 
 articles in Grove's Dictionary. 
 
 Stldolph, Harold Edward, Organist, 
 born at Tunbridge, Kent, 1845. Articled 
 pu^Dil of Walter Bond Gilbert. When eight 
 years old, played the services in Tunbridge 
 Parish Church, and acted as organist at the 
 Chapel of the Grammar School, while a pupil 
 there. In 1863 he was appointed organist 
 and choirmaster of Speen Parish Church, 
 Berkshire, and, a year later, to the Parish 
 Church, Chelmsford ; and also choirmaster of 
 the Diocesan Music Association. There he 
 founded a Vocal and Instrumental Associa- 
 tion. In 1876 he was chosen, after competi- 
 tion, organist of Ealing Parish Church, and, 
 
396 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 STILLIE. 
 
 in 1880 of Christ Church, Ealing. In this 
 place he started a series of popular concerts. 
 In lf-84 he went to Cape Town, and after 
 holding various appointments, settled in 
 Johanuesburgh, where he was organist of St. 
 Augustine's, Doomfontein. Now resident at 
 Wynborg, Cape Town. In 1887, he toured 
 Cape Colony with Remenyi, and has conducted 
 performances of opera. He composed a 
 national part-song, "Around the Throne of 
 England " ; also church music, and songs. 
 He has contributed to the local press, and is 
 known as a writer of verse. A Colonial 
 national anthem, and lyric tributes to visiting 
 artists, being successful efforts of his muse. 
 
 Stillie, Thomas Logan, amateur mu- 
 sician and writer, born at Maybole in 1832. 
 He was engaged in business in Glasgow, and 
 acted for many years as musical critic for 
 the Glasgow Herald. He died at Glasgow, 
 June 6, 1883. He left a valuable library to 
 the Universit}' of Glasgow. 
 
 Stillingfleet, Benjamin, poet, musician, 
 and naturalist, was born in 1702, and died in 
 1771. Author of the words of five oratorios, 
 and of a " Treatise on the principles and 
 power of harmony," London, 1771, a com- 
 mentary on Tartini's " Trattato di Musica." 
 . Stillingfleet, Rev. Henry Anthony, 
 author of " The antiquity and advantages of 
 cliurch music, a sermon," 1803. 
 
 Stimpson, James, organist and composer, 
 born at Lincoln, February 29, 1820. His 
 father was a lay-vicar of Lincoln Cathedral, 
 but removed to Durham in 1822. He was a 
 chorister in Durham Cathedral in 1827, and 
 in 1834, he was articled to ]\Ir. Ingham, the 
 organist of Carlisle Cathedral. In 1836, he 
 became organist of St. Andrew's, Newcastle ; 
 and in 1841, he succeeded as organist of 
 Carlisle Cathedral. He was appointed or- 
 ganist of the Town Hail, Birmingham in 1842, 
 and in the same year took a similar appoint- 
 ment at St. Paul's Church ; organist of St. 
 Martin's Church, 1852 ; Francis Road Chapel, 
 Edgbaston, from 1869. He founded the 
 Birminghan^ Festival Choral Society in 1843, 
 and was its conductor till 1855. Professor of 
 Music at the Birmingham Institution for the 
 Blind. He gave many important organ 
 recitals in Birmingham, and superintended 
 the production of IMendelssohn's " Elijah." 
 He died at Birmingham, October 4, 1886. 
 Editor of " Services of the Church : being 
 those portions of the Book of Common Prayer, 
 which are appointed to be chanted, arranged 
 for the use of congregations and choirs," 
 Newcastle, Richardson, 1840; " Tiie Oi'ganist's 
 Standard Library," etc. ; and composed songs 
 and pf. music. Author of a " ^Manual of the 
 theor}' of IMusic." 
 
 Stimpson, Orlando John, organist and 
 teacher, born at Durham, June 21, 1835, 
 
 STOCKLEY. 
 
 brotlier of the preceding. Received his 
 musical training at Durham Cathedral. 
 Graduated :\Ius. Bac, Oxford, 1871 ; Mus. 
 Bac. ad eundem, Durham, 1871. Music 
 master, Durham Diocesan Training College, 
 1871. Now resident at Tunbridge Wells. 
 Author of " Singing Class Book for use in 
 Elementary Schools, Glasgow, 1877. 
 
 Stirling, Elizabeth, Mrs. P. A. Bridge, 
 organist and composer, born at Greenwich, 
 February 26, 1819. Studied under W. B. 
 Wilson, Edward Holmes, J. A. Hamilton, and 
 G. A. Macfarren. In 1839, she was appointed 
 organist of All Saint's, Poplar, an office she 
 retained until 1858. In 1856, she presented 
 an Exercise, Psahn 130, for 5 voices, and 
 orchestra, for the degree of Mus. Bac. at 
 Oxford ; but though it passed the examiners, 
 there was no power to confer the degree. She 
 was organist of St. Andrew's, LTndershaft, 
 from 1858 to 1880, when she resigned. An 
 expert organist, she was one of the earliest to 
 play Bach's fugues, and gave performances at 
 the ApoUonicon, in different London Churches, 
 and at the International Exhibition of 1862. 
 As a composer she will be known by her Six 
 Pedal fugues, and slow movements for the 
 organ, but more for her part-songs of which 
 " All among the barley " achieved remarkable 
 popularity. Her marriage with Mr. F. A. 
 Bridge took place May 16, 1863. She died in 
 London, March 25, 1895. 
 
 Stockley, William Cole, organist and 
 conductor, born at Farningham, Kent, Feb- 
 ruary 1, 1830. Studied locally, and appeared 
 at concerts. In 1849 went to Birmingham, 
 and entered the house of Sabin, music-sellers, 
 etc. Became organist of St. Stephen's ; St. 
 Mary's ; and St. Luke's churches ; and up to 
 1889, was organist at Carr's Lane Chapel. 
 He formed a Choral Society while at St. 
 Stephen's ; and in 1855 was invited to become 
 conductor of the Festival Choral Society. 
 He gave up business in accepting the offer; 
 and his first work was to conduct a perfor- 
 mance of the " Messiah," on Boxing Night, 
 1855. On December 26, 1894, he conducted 
 the 40th consecutive annual performance of 
 the same. He severed his connection with the 
 Society in 1895. He was also conductor of 
 Societies at Wolverhampton, conducting the 
 Festivals there to 1880 ; and at Walsall and 
 elsewhere. Gave his first Orchestral Concert 
 in Birmingham Town Hall, December 11, 
 1873, and his last, March 11, 1897. During 
 this period he introduced many works and 
 composers to the city, and made the nearest 
 approach to a permanent orchestra that 
 Birmingham lias witnessed. As choirmaster 
 to the Birmingham Festival, 1858-94, his 
 work and experience have been unique. In 
 1873 he resvuned business, and resigned his 
 teaching connection and many appointments. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL lilOGKAPHY. 
 
 397 
 
 STOCKS. 
 
 He has received many tokens of the apprecia- 
 tion in which his public work has been held. 
 
 Stocks, William Henry, organist bom 
 at Chatteris, Isle of Ely, August 1-3, 1860. 
 Received his earliest musical training from his 
 father, and at the age of thirteen was appointed 
 music-reader at the Royal Normal College for 
 the Blind, Norwood. Among those he assisted 
 in this capacity was Prince Alexander, now 
 Landgrave of Hesse. He also accompanied 
 the pupils of the College to Windsor, when 
 performances were given before Her Majesty. 
 While at the College he studied pf. with Oscar 
 Beringer, and Fritz Hartvigson, and organ 
 playing and choir-training under Dr. E. J. 
 Hopkins. Harmony and composition was 
 studied with H. C. Banister, and further pf. 
 study pursued with Dr. von Biilow, at Berlin. 
 A.R.C.O., 188.5, and L.R.A.M. (organ), 1887. 
 In 1879, was appointed private organist to 
 Sir Robert Menzies. After holding other 
 positions, was appointed assistant music- 
 master at Dulwich College, in 188-5, and 
 organist of the College Chapel, 1887. Author 
 of A short Hist.>ry of the Organ, Organists, 
 and Services of the Chapel of Allevn's College 
 of God's Gift at Dulwich (W. Reeves, 1891), 
 a most interesting book. 
 
 Stokes, Charles, organist and composer, 
 born in 1784. Chorister S. Paul's Cathedral, 
 London. Organist at Croyden, etc. He died 
 at London, April 14, 1839. Composer of an- 
 thems, glees, songs, and organ music. Also 
 " The Banquet, a selection from the music 
 performed at the Caledonian Asylum," 1817. 
 
 Stokes, Walter, composer, born at Ship- 
 ston-upon-Stour, Worcester, June 28, 1847. 
 His parents were parochial school teachers, 
 and his father, a good baritone singer, acted 
 as choirmaster, and his mother as organist, of 
 the parish church. The son was intended for 
 the scholastic profession, and after being a 
 pupil teacher, he obtained a Scholarship at 
 Saltley College, Birmingham, and held posi- 
 tions in schools in London and Birmingham. 
 From his childhood he was devoted to music. 
 He received his first lessons from Mr. J. 
 Bourne, of Stourbridge ; then had organ 
 lessons from Dr. Roland Rogers ; and later 
 studied under Dr. Belcher, and composition 
 under Dr. C. S. Heap. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1878; Mus. Doc, 1882, Cambridge. Now 
 resident in Worcester. His compositions in- 
 clude a Cantata, "The Idol Bel," for soli, 
 eight-part chorus and orchestra (in MS.) ; and 
 he has published a large number of songs and 
 part-songs. Also a sonata for violin and pf., 
 prize composition, performed at the I.S.M. 
 Conference at Bristol, January, 1890 ; Sonata 
 for pf. ; pieces and studies for pf. ; pieces for 
 violin, organ, etc. 
 
 Stonard, William, organist and com- 
 poser. He was organist of Christ Church, 
 
 STORACE. 
 
 Oxford, and graduated Mus. Bac, Oxon., in 
 160S. He died in 1630. Composer of an- 
 thems in Clifford's Collection, and in MS. in 
 the jNIusic School of Oxford. 
 
 Stone, Alfred, musician, born at Bristol 
 in 1841 ; died there January 3, 1878. Or- 
 ganist successively of St. Paul's, Clifton ; 
 Arley Chapel and Highbury Chapel, Bristol. 
 He was conductor of the Orpheus Glee 
 Society, teacher of music in several Bristol 
 schools, and organised and was chorus- 
 master of the Bristol musical festivals of 
 1873 and 1876. He edited "The Bristol 
 Tune Book," revised edition, 1876. Stone 
 did much to popularize music in Bristol. 
 
 Stone, William Henry, physician, and 
 amateur musician, born July 8, 1830. Only 
 son of the late Rev. William Stone, sometime 
 canon of Canterbury Cathedral. Educated 
 at Balliol College, Oxford, graduating B.A. 
 1852 ; M.A. Entered the medical profession, 
 taking degree of M.B. 1856. Among his 
 appointments was that of consulting phy- 
 sician and lecturer on Physics at St. Thomas's 
 Hospital, London. In 1881 he accepted the 
 office of lecturer on musical acoustics at 
 Trinity College, London. An enthusiastic 
 amateur, he played the double-bassoon, and 
 also the oboe di caccia, the latter in Bach's 
 Christmas Oratorio in W^estminster Abbey, 
 and at the Hereford Festival of 1879. He 
 was an authority on wind instruments, 
 especially those of ancient date, and had a 
 fine collection of them. His articles in 
 Grove's " Dictionary" display his knowledge 
 in this direction. Author of Sound as 
 Music, 1876 ; Elementary Lessons on Sound, 
 1879 ; and The Scientific Basis of Music, 
 Novello. 
 
 Stonex, Henry, organist and conductor,, 
 born at Norwich, 1823. Studied first under 
 James Harcourt, and aftei-wards was appren- 
 ticed to Dr. Buck. In June, 1850, he was 
 appointed organist of Great Yarmouth Parish 
 Church, an office he held till the close of 
 1894, when he resigned through ill-health. 
 He gave the first recital on the fine new 
 organ in the church, January 22, 1883. The 
 Yarmouth Musical Society was under his 
 direction for many years up to 1894. A 
 public presentation was made him in May, 
 1893, for his services to music in Yarmouth. 
 He died in that town, January 10, 1897, 
 aged 73. 
 
 Storace, Anna Selina, soprano vocalist, 
 born at London in 1766. She was the daugh- 
 ter of Stefano Storace, an Italian double-bass, 
 player, and sister of Stephen Storace. She 
 stvidied under her father and Rauzzini, and 
 appeared as a concert vocalist in London, 
 1774-1778. Afterwards she stixdied at Venice 
 under Sacchini, and sang at Florence, 1780 ; 
 Parma, 1781 ; Milan, 1782 ; and Vienna^ 
 
398 
 
 BHITISFI MUSICAL BIOGIiAPHY. 
 
 STORAGE. 
 
 178-4. Married to J. A. Fisher, 1784, hut 
 separated from him soon afterwards. She 
 appeared in Mozart's " E'igaro," at Vienna, 
 1786. Returned to London and appeared in 
 English and Italian opera from 1787. Sang 
 at Handel Festival, 1791. Retired in 1808, 
 and died at Dulwich, London, August 24, 
 1817. 
 
 Storace, Stephen, composer, born at 
 London in 1763. Son of Stefano Storace, an 
 Italian double-bass player. He studied under 
 his father, and at Naples in the Conservatorio 
 of St. Onofrio. Resided in London as com- 
 poser to the principal theatres. He died at 
 London, March 19, 1796. 
 
 Works. — Musical Dramas : Gli sposi mal- 
 contenti, 1785 ; Gli Equivoci, Vienna, 1786 ; 
 Doctor and Apothecary, London, 1788; 
 Haunted Tower, 1789 ; La Cameriera astuta, 
 1790 ; No song no supper, by Prince Hoare, 
 1790 ; Siege of Belgrade, 1791 ; Gave of Tro- 
 phonius, 1791 ; Pirates, 1792 ; Dido, 1792 ; 
 The Prize, 1793; My Grandmother, 1793; 
 Venus and Adonis, 1794 ; Glorious First of 
 June, entertainment for the benefit of the 
 widows, etc., of the men who fell in the late 
 engagement under Lord Howe. 1794; Lodo- 
 iska, 1794 ; Cherokee, 1794 ; Le Nozze di 
 Dorina, 1795; Iron Chest (Golman), 1796; 
 Mahmoud, 1796; Three and the Deuce, 1795. 
 Lamentation of Marie Antoinette ; Captivity, 
 a ballad (1793) ; Shepherds, I have lost my 
 love, song. Collection of original harpsichord 
 music, London, 1790, 2 vols. Six easy and 
 progressive sonatinas for pf. or harpsichord. 
 Three sonatas for harpsichord or pf. [1785] . 
 
 Storer, John, composer, organist, and 
 critic, born at Hullaud, near Derby, May 18, 
 1858. Choirboy, Ashbourne Parish Church, 
 to 1869, when his parents removed to Scar- 
 borough. He then entered the choir of All 
 Saints', Scarborough ; was solo boy, and 
 afterwards articled pupil of Dr. John Naylor. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1878 ; and in 
 1886 took the Mus. Doc. degree. Trinity Col- 
 lege, Toronto. Organist and choirmaster, 
 St. Michael's, Whitby, 1879-81, when he left 
 to study composition in London. Returned 
 to Scarborough, 1882, as organist of the parish 
 church, and conductor of the Scarborough 
 Philharmonic Society. Organist of the Parish 
 Church, Folkestone, 1885-7, when he joined 
 the Roman Communion. He then undertook 
 similar duties at the Church of the Redemp- 
 torist Fathers, Clapham, London. Resigned 
 in 1891 to devote more time to composition, 
 for which he was attracting notice. Has been 
 musical director at the Globe, Royalty, Strand, 
 Olympic, and other theatres at different times. 
 Musical critic to The Morning, 1894, St. PunVs, 
 and Court Circular, and contributor to other 
 papers. At present time he is director of the 
 musical studies at St. Gregory's College, 
 
 STRATTON. 
 
 Downside, Bath, and takes Sunday duty as 
 organist at the new Benedictine Church 
 attached to Downside Monastery. 
 
 Works.— Festival Mass in P, 1888 ; Mass 
 of Our Lady of Ransom, for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra, op. 50, 1891 ; Grand Solemn Mass 
 in F minor, 1895. Anthems, etc. Comic 
 opera, The Punchbowl, Novelty Theatre 1887 ; 
 Comedy opera, Gretna Green, Comedy Thea- 
 tre, 1890; Operettas, various. Part-songs, 
 Six vocal impromptus, songs, etc Dramatic 
 cantata. The Tournament, 1885 ; Concert 
 overture, composed for the opening of the 
 Folkestone Fine Art Treasures Exhibition, 
 May 22, 1886. Organ and pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 Strachan, James Kelt, organist, born 
 at Errol, Perthshire, October 1. 1S60. Choir- 
 boy at St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Dundee, 
 and pupil of W. H. Richmond and John 
 Kinross. At sixteen he was appointed organ- 
 ist at St. Enoch's, Dundee; and two years 
 later at Kelvingrove United Presbyterian 
 Church, Glasgow. At this time he studied 
 under Dr. Amies, and went to Paris for some 
 months, studying under Alexandre Guilmant, 
 the two henceforth becoming fast friends. 
 Returning to Glasgow, he was appointed 
 organist of Claremont United Presbyterian 
 Church ; and in 1892, of the Free College 
 Church, where he still officiates. It is as a 
 concert organist that he is most widely known ; 
 and his recitals at St. Andrew's Hall, Glasgow ; 
 the Royal Albert Hall, Kensington ; the Bow 
 and Bromley Institute, etc., have established 
 his reputation as one of the finest executants 
 of the day. 
 
 Strang, Walter, composer and teacher, 
 was born at Edinburgh on December 26, 1825. 
 He was choirmaster of Free St. George's 
 Church, Edinburgh, from 1848 till 1885, and 
 from 1867 to 1889 he was precentor to the 
 General Assembly of the Free Church. He 
 was music master at the Free Church Normal 
 and other schools in Edinburgh for many 
 years. His compositions include hymn tunes 
 and school songs, some of which latter appear 
 in his " School ilusic," Edinburgh, 1853. 
 
 Stratton, Alexander, musician of the 
 early part of the present century, who was a 
 teacher of mvisic in Banff. He published a 
 " Collection of Waltzes, Opera Dances, Strath- 
 speys and Reels, arranged for the pf., violin, 
 and German flute," n.d. 
 
 Stratton, Stephen Samuel, composer, 
 writer, and lecturer, born at London, Decem- 
 ber 19, 1840. He first studied the pf. under 
 Miss Elizabeth Chamberlaine (Mrs. H. von 
 HofE), and subsequently the organ under 
 Charles Gardner^ and composition under 
 Charles Lucas. Assistant organist, St. 
 Michael's, Paddington, 1862; organist, St. 
 Mary the Virgin, Crown Street, Soho, 1863. 
 From 1864 to 1866 he was professor of music 
 
BIUTISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 399 
 
 STREATFEILD. 
 
 at Totteridge Park School, Herts., and or- 
 ganist of St. James's, Priern Barnet. Was an 
 original member of the College of Organists, 
 1864, resigning in 1894. In 1866 he settled in 
 Birmingham as a teacher, aud was organist of 
 St. Barnabas Church, 1866-7; EdglDastoa 
 Parisli Church, 1867-75; St. John's, Harborne, 
 1876-7 ; and Church of the Saviour, Birming- 
 ham, 1878-82. He is an Associate of the 
 Philharmonic Society, 1882 ; and musical 
 critic of the Birminghatii Daily Post. He 
 has published some church music, songs, 
 and part-songs, and pf. pieces. 
 
 Streatfeild, R. A., is the author of 
 " Masters of Italian Music," London, 
 Osgood, 1895 ; and " The Opera : a history 
 of the development of opera, v?ith full 
 descriptions of all works in the modern 
 repertory," London, Nimmo, 1896. The first- 
 named work treats only of modern composers 
 like Yerdi, Boito, IMascagni, etc. 
 
 Street, Josiah, musician of the 18tb 
 century, compiler of " A Book containing 
 great variety of Anthems in 2, .3, 4, and 6 
 parts, likewise a set of Psalm-tunes in 4 
 parts,.." London, n.d. [1729]; 2nd edition, 
 1746; 3rd edition, 1785. 
 
 Strelezki, Anton. The nom de plume of 
 an English composer, whose real name is 
 understood to be Burnand. Born at Croydon, 
 December 5, 1859 (Pauer's Dictionary of 
 Pianists). Pupil of the Leipzig Conserva- 
 torium, and later of Madame Schumann. 
 Has given recitals in America. He is a most 
 voluminous writer for the pianoforte, his 
 principal compositions being Eight pieces, 
 op. 47 ; Three pieces, op. 146 ; Three books of 
 pieces, op. 191,197,204; Leichte Klavierstiicke, 
 op. 220 ; besides Polonaises, a grand Taran- 
 tella, Barcarolle, and many detached pieces. 
 Also a Miimet for pf . and violin, and some songs. 
 
 Stretton, A. J., bandmaster. Received 
 his early education in the Royal Artillery 
 Band Is an excellent violinist, and has a 
 general knowledge of every instrument. Ap- 
 pointed bandmaster, 2nd Battalion Cheshire 
 Regiment, 1893 ; Musical Director, Kneller 
 Hall, February, 1896, with honorary rank of 
 Lieutenant. 
 
 Strong, David, tenor vocalist, born in 
 London, March 9, 1852. He has given con- 
 certs, and has appeared with success as a 
 vocalist ; and is well known as a teacher. In 
 1886, he was appointed a Gentleman of Her 
 Majesty's Chapel Royal, St. James', and also 
 a Professor at the Guildhall School of Music. 
 
 Stroud, Charles, composer, who was born 
 in 1710. He was a pupil of Dr. Blow. Died 
 at London, April 26, 1726, in his 16th year. 
 He composed anthems which possessed merit, 
 and was a musician of promise. 
 
 Stroud, Henry Charles, see Henry, 
 Chaplin. 
 
 SUCH. 
 
 Stuart, Ralph, pianist, born at Dart- 
 mouth, Devon. His father was an army 
 staff-surgeon. He studied at Leipzig aud 
 Heidelberg, and in 1880, went to New Zealand 
 for the benefit of his health. He was heard 
 in concerts at the principal towns there, and 
 in Australia; and was the pianist of the 
 Melba Concert Party. In July, 1888, he gave 
 a Chopin recital at the Princes' Hall, London ; 
 and has since given recitals at various times, 
 making a speciality of his interpretation of 
 the music of Chopin. 
 
 Stubley, Simon, was organist of St. 
 John's Church, ClerkenwelJ, from about 1740 
 to 1754. He died at London in 1754. He 
 composed some vocal music, chiefly songs, a 
 few of which appear in the " Gentleman's 
 Magazine " for 1744, 1746, 1749, 1753, etc. 
 He was succeeded at St. John's, by Philip 
 Maekham, elected July, 1754 — died 1764 ; 
 and he in his turn was succeeded by John 
 Bacon, appointed April 10, 1764 — died May 
 16, 1816, who held the post for the long period 
 of 52 years. 
 
 Sturges, Edward, organist and composer, 
 born at London, February 25, 1808. Organist 
 of the Foundling Hospital. He died at Lon- 
 don, February 15, 1848. Composer of " I 
 know their sorrows," anthem; Selection of 
 choruses by Handel, 1846 ; Organ gems, 1845 ; 
 Arrangements of Boyce's anthems, Haydn's 
 " Creation," etc. 
 
 Sturges, Richard Yates, flutist, violin- 
 ist, and poet, born at Birmingham, April 10, 
 1843. Studied under W. Tilly and Webbe, 
 local teachers. Made his dehut at Mr. James 
 Stimpson's Monday Popular Concerts, Town 
 Hall, Birmingham,' September, 1861. In 1864 
 he played at Mr. Rea's Concerts, Town Hall, 
 Newcastle-on-Tyne ; was for some months in 
 the orchestra at the Theatre Royal there ; and 
 has toured in the provinces on several occa- 
 sions. He visited Italy, 1884, and took up 
 the study of the violin. As a flute player he 
 has given much attention to the works of 
 Adolph Terschak, and has been complimented 
 by having a piece written expressly for him^ 
 " The Fire Worshippers of the Caspian Sea." 
 This he plaj-ed at Southport, December 9, 
 1895. He has published " The Solitary, and 
 other Poems," Edinburgh, Nichol, 1868; 
 " The Angel of Love, and other Poems," Lon- 
 don, Provost, 1875; Summer-day Secrets; 
 " The Black Philosopher, or Scipio Africanus ;" 
 and other poetical works. 
 
 Such, Edwin Charles, composer and 
 teacher, born in London, August 11, 1840. 
 Educated at Merchant Taylors' School, and 
 London University College, graduating B.A. 
 Studied music under Hiller and Molique at 
 Cologne Conservatorium, 1801. Conductor of 
 the Barnet and Ibis Choral Society, 1884-93 ; 
 professor of harnrony at Portman Academy. 
 
400 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SUDLOW. 
 
 His compositions include Ps. 4G, for solo, 
 chorus, and orchestra ; Dramatic cantata, 
 "Narcissus and Echo," produced at a con- 
 cert at R.A.M., July 6, 1881 ; Cantata, The 
 Watersprite ; Anthems, part-songs, songs, pf. 
 pieces, etc. His son, Henry Such, violinist, 
 pux^il of Joachim and Wilhelmj, made his 
 first appearance at a Berlin Philharmonic 
 concert in 1893. After a tour in Germany he 
 returned to London, and gave his first recital 
 at St. James' Hall, October 24, 1896. Percy 
 Such, another son, is a violoncellist, pupil of 
 Robert Hausmann, and of the High School, 
 Berlin. 
 
 Sudlow, William, composer, organist, 
 and violoncellist, born in 1772. He was an 
 organist in jNIanchester, and died there in 
 1848, Composer of anthems, songs, and other 
 vocal music. His brother, Edward, born 
 1786, died at Manchester, September 16, 1845, 
 was a viola player. 
 
 Suett, Richard, composer, actor, and 
 singer, born at Chelsea, London in 1755. He 
 was a singer and actor chiefly in London. 
 Died at London, July 6, 1805. Composer of 
 Corin and Joan, pastoral [1800] ; Six can- 
 zonets, with an accompaniment for a harpsi- 
 chord or pf., London, 1803. Six glees [1794]. 
 Songs : Kiss ; Oh cruel absence ; Signs of 
 faithful love ; Soft music ; Sylvia again is 
 true, etc. 
 
 Sullivan, Sir Arthur Seymour, Kt., 
 composer and conductor, born in London, 
 May 13, 1842. His father, Thomas Sulli- 
 van, was connected with Kneller Hall almost 
 from the commencement of that institution, 
 as professor of bass brass instruments, and 
 was also a clarinet plaj'er. He had a high 
 reputation throughout the army as an in- 
 structor. He died suddenly, of heart disease, 
 September, 23, 1866. The son entered the 
 Chapel Royal in 1854 as a chorister, under 
 the Rev. Thomas Helmore. He made rapid 
 progress in music, and his first song was 
 published in 1855. In July, 1856, he was 
 elected the first Mendelssohn Scholar, but 
 did not leave the Chapel Royal until 1857. 
 He studied at the R.A.M., under Goss and 
 Sterndale Bennett, and in 1858 proceeded to 
 Leipzig Conservatorium, where his teachers 
 were Plaidy, Hauptmann, E. P. Richter, 
 Moscheles, and others. At the Hauptprii- 
 fung, May 26, 1860, he conducted a perform- 
 ance of his overture, "Lalla Rookh ;" and 
 while there he also wrote some string quar- 
 tets, and the " Tempest " music, which he 
 brought with him to London in April, 1861. 
 This was produced at the Crystal Palace, 
 April 5, 1862. For a time he was organist of 
 St. INIichael's, Chester Square ; and St. Peter's, 
 Onslow Gardens, 1867-72. He soon rose into 
 notice as a composer ; and from the produc- 
 tion of his cantata, " Kenilworth," at the 
 
 SULLIVAN. 
 
 Birmingham Festival, 1864, his career has. 
 been one of continued success. His light 
 operas have attained a popularity without. 
 a parallel. He was appointed musical 
 director of the Royal Aquarium, Westmin- 
 ster, and conducted a concert of English 
 music at its opening, January 23, 1876 ; 
 Principal of National Training School for 
 Music, and professor of composition, 1876, 
 resigning in 1881. Conducted the orchestral 
 concerts of the Glasgow Choral Union,, 
 1875-7 ; Promenade concerts, Covent Garden, 
 1878-9. British Commissioner for Music, 
 Paris Exhibition, 1878. Appointed conductor 
 of Leeds Festivals, 1880, to present time ; Phil- 
 harmonic Societ)^ 1885-7. Visited America 
 in 1885, and conducted " The Mikado " in 
 New York. Conducted concerts at Crj'stal 
 Palace, Manchester, Buckingham Palace, etc. 
 F.R.A.M. ; Mus. Doc, Cambridge, 1876, Ox- 
 ford, 1879, both honoris causa ; Chevalier, 
 Legion of Honour of France, 1878 ; corre- 
 sponding member of the Royal IMusical In- 
 stitute, Florence, 1888 ; instituted grand 
 organist of the Freemasons, April 27, 1887 ; 
 elected president of the Birminghani and 
 Midland Institute, 1888, on October 19, giving 
 his address in the Town Hall ; received the 
 honour of knighthood from tlae Queen, 1883 ; 
 knight of the Order of the Hou.se of Coburg, 
 and recipient of the Order of the IMedjidieh 
 from the Sultan of Turkey, 1888. 
 
 Works. — Crutorios and Cantatas : Kenil- 
 worth, Birmingham Festival, 1864 ; The 
 Prodigal Son, Worcester, 1869 ; On Shore 
 and Sea, composed for the opening of Royal 
 Albert Hall, Kensington, May 1, 1871 ; Fes- 
 tival Te Deum, Crystal Palace, 1872, to 
 commemorate the recovery of H.R.H. the 
 Prince of Wales; The Light of the World, 
 oratorio, Birmingham Festival, 1873 ; The 
 Martyr of Antioch, Leeds Festival, 1880 ; 
 The Golden Legend, the same, 1886 ; ode, I 
 wish to tune my quiv'ring lyre, baritone solo 
 and orchestra, Cxloucester Festival, 1880. 
 Operas and Plays : Cox and Box, Adelphi, 
 ]\Iay 11, 1867 ; The Cantrabandista, St. 
 George's Hall, December 18, 1867 ; Thespis, 
 Gaiety, December 26, 1871 ; Trial by Jury, 
 Royalty, March 25, 1875; The Zoo, St. 
 James's, June 5, 1875 ; The Sorcerer, Opera 
 Comique, November 17, 1877 ; H.M.S. Pina- 
 fore, the same. May 25, 1878; Pirates of 
 Penzance, the same, April 3, 1880 ; Patience, 
 the same, April 25, 1881. And at the Savoy 
 Theatre, lolanthe, November 25, 1882 ; Prin- 
 cess Ida, January 5, 1884; The Mikado, March 
 14, 1885 ; Ruddigore, January 22, 1887 ; 
 Yeomen of the Guard, October 3, 1888 ; 
 Gondoliers, December 7, 1889 ; Haddon Hall 
 (Sydney Grundy), September 24, 1892; 
 Utopia, October 7, 1893; and The Grand 
 Duke, May 7, 1896. Grand opera, Ivanhoe 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 401 
 
 I 
 
 SUMMERS. 
 
 (Julian Sturgis), produced Royal English 
 Opera House, January 31, 1891. These works 
 have also, for the most part, been performed 
 in Germany, America, etc. Incidental music 
 to The Tempest, op. 1, Crystal Palace, 1862 ; 
 Merchant, of Venice, Manchester, September 
 18, 1871 ; IMerry Wives of Windsor, Gaiety, 
 December 19, 1874; Henry VIII., Man- 
 chester, August 29, 1877 ; Macbeth, Lyceum, 
 December 29, 1888 ; King Arthur, completed 
 1894. Orchestral: Procession march, com- 
 posed in celebration of the marriage of the 
 Prince of Wales, and performed Crystal 
 Palace, March 14, 1863 ; symphony in E, 
 Crystal Palace, March, 1866 ; overture. In 
 Memoriam (his father), Norwich Festival, 
 1886 ; ]\Iarmion, Philharmonic Society, June 
 8, 1867 ; Di Ballo, Birmingham Festival, 
 
 1870. Concerto, 'cello and orchestra. Crystal 
 Palace (Piatti), 1866. Ballets, L'Isle En- 
 chantee, 1864 ; Victorian and Merrie Eng- 
 land, Alhambra, ]\Iay 25, 1897. Six Day 
 Dreams, and other pieces for pf. Te Deum, 
 Jubilate, and Kyrie in D ; Hearken unto 
 Me ; O, lo\ e the Lord ; Who is like unto 
 Thee ? and other anthems. Hymn tunes in 
 various collections. Musical editor of Church 
 Hymns with tunes, S.P.C.K., 1874. The last 
 night of the year ; O, hush thee, my babie ; 
 Joy to the victors ; and other part-songs, 
 
 1871. Songs : The Window, or the loves of 
 the wrens (Tennyson), 1871 ; Bride from the 
 North ; Arabian love song ; Orpheus with 
 his lute ; 0, mistress mine ; Sweethearts ; 
 Will he come ? The lost chord ; Edward 
 Gray ; Thou'rt passing hence ; Snow lies 
 white ; Let me dream again ; fair dove, 
 fond dove ; A weary lot is thine ; Looking 
 back ; St. Agnes' E%e ; The Sisters, duet ; 
 and many others. 
 
 His brother, Frederick Sullivan, whose 
 talent for humour was so conspicuous, was 
 by profession an architect. He turned to 
 the stage, and his impersonation of Tlie 
 Jtulge in "Trial by Jury" had much to do 
 with the success of the piece. While on a 
 provincial tour he caught cold from damp 
 sheets at Newcastle, and died, January 18, 
 1878, at the age of 39. 
 
 Summers, James Lea, composer and 
 pianist, born at London, 1837. Sou of 
 William Summers, a musician. He was 
 blind from his birth, but became a pupil of 
 Miss Kate Loder and of (Sir) G. A. IMacfarren. 
 He apiDeared as a pianist at the Crystal 
 Palace about 1850-60. Died at London, 
 July 8, 1881. 
 
 Works. — Quintet for strings; Quartet in E 
 flat for strings; Quartet in A, pf. and strings; 
 Andante and rondo brillante, pf. ; Two 
 musical sketches, pf. ; Valses. etc., pf. An- 
 thems, duets, and songs. 
 
 Summers, Joseph, organist and com- 
 
 SURENNE. 
 
 poser, born in Somerset, 1843. Received his 
 early training at Wells Cathedral, under C. 
 W. Lavington, afterwards studying with 
 Sterndale Bennett, and Dr. Gauntlett. Took 
 degree of Mus. Bac. at Oxford, 1887, and in 
 1890 was made Mus. Doc, Cantuar. Has 
 been organist successively at St. Andrew's 
 College, Bradfield, 1 861 ; Holy Trinity, Weston- 
 super-Mare, 1864 ; St. Peter's, Notting Hill, 
 1865. On going to Australia in 1865 he was 
 appointed to St. Peter's, Melbourne, and now 
 holds a similar position at All Saints', St. 
 Kilda, near Melbourne. Is Government in- 
 spector of music for public schools, Victoria, 
 and holds other appointments of a similar 
 nature. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios : Deborah ; St. Sebas- 
 tian. Cantata, A Song of Triumph. Odes : 
 " Galatea Secunda ; " "Thanksgiving ; " Psalm 
 31, soli, chorus, and orchestra ; Anthems, 
 Services, etc. The Australian National An- 
 them, " Maker of Earth and Sea." Hymn 
 Tunes contributed to The Bristol Tune Book; 
 Psalmody, British Empire ; Parish Tune 
 Book. "In Memoriam," for orchestra; 
 marches ; songs, part-songs, etc. 
 
 Sunderland, Susan, bom Sykes, soprano 
 vocalist, born at Brighouse, Yorkshire, April 
 30, 1819. Was instructed chiefly by local 
 teachers, and first sang in concerts at 
 Deighton, near Huddersfleld, about 1884. 
 She married Mr. Henry Sunderland, June 7, 
 1838. Made her debut at the Sacred Har- 
 monic Concerts, London, April 1, 1846, 
 singing as Achsah in Handel's " Joshua." 
 Sang at the Birmingham Festival Choral 
 Concert on the 10th of the same month ; and 
 at intervals up to 1859 ; at the Free Trade 
 Hall, Manchester, 1849. So famous in the 
 North as to receive the title of the " York- 
 shire Queen of Song," she was a special 
 favourite at the Bradford Festivals ; she also 
 sang at the first Leeds Festival in 1858. Her 
 last public appearance was at Huddersfield, 
 June 2 and 3, 1864, in the " Messiah," and a 
 miscellaneous concert. Her golden wedding 
 was celebrated by a "Jubilee" concert, June 
 7, 1888, the proceeds of which went to 
 founding the Sunderland Vocal Prize, for 
 natives of the West Riding of Yorkshire. At 
 the meeting in December, 1888, when the 
 Jubilee committee completed the work, Mrs. 
 Sunderland sang " Home, sweet home," 
 greatly delighting and affecting her old friends 
 and admirers. 
 
 Surenne, John Thomas, organist and 
 composer, born at London, March 4, 1814. 
 His father, Gabriel Surenne, was a French 
 musician and teacher, who settled in London, 
 and afterwards in Edinburgh, about 1817, 
 where he taught French and edited a well- 
 known French-English dictionary. In 1831, 
 J. T, Surenne, who studied under his father 
 
402 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 SURMAN. 
 
 and Henri Herz, became organist of St. Mark's 
 Episcopal Church, Portobello, and he also 
 held, for many years, the appointment of 
 organist of St. George's Episcopal Chapel, 
 Edinburgh. He died at Edinburgh, February 
 3, 1878. Composer of an Overture for orchestra 
 in D ; a Rondo de concert for pf . and strings ; 
 many other pf. pieces, and some part-songs 
 and songs. He compiled " The Dance Music 
 of Scotland, a Collection of all the best Reels 
 and Strathspeys, both of the Highlands and 
 Lowlands, for the Pianoforte." Edinburgh 
 [1851], 5 editions. " Songs of Scotland with- 
 out Words," 1852 and 1854. " Songs of 
 Ireland," 1855. A Collection of Church 
 Music, consisting of chants, psalms, and 
 hymn-tunes, principally original (with H. E. 
 Dibdin), 1843-44, 2 vols. The Scottish Epis- 
 copal Church Music Book, Edinburgh, n.d. 
 Students' Manual of Classical Extracts for 
 Pf., and other instrumental compositions. 
 Surenne wrote most of the accompaniments 
 for the original edition of Graham and Wood's 
 " Songs of Scotland." 
 
 Surtnan, Joseph, conductor and writer, 
 born at Chesham, November 14, 1804. He 
 was conductor of the Sacred Harmonic Society, 
 1832-48. First conductor of the London 
 Harmonic Society, which he started in Nov- 
 ember, 1848, with the " Messiah." Music 
 publisher in London. Conductor of the 
 Worcester Festival. He died at London, 
 January 20, 1871. He wrote " Statement 
 submitted to the consideration of the mem- 
 bers of the Society, in reply to charges 
 preferred against the Conductor of the 
 Society," London, 1848; also a supplement. 
 He had been removed from the conductorship 
 of the Sacred Harmonic Society on certain 
 charges against his management being made. 
 Editor of " The London Psalmist. Psalms 
 and Hymns adapted to the services of the 
 Church of England," London [1850J . 
 
 Sutcliffe, Alfred Lister, organist and 
 composer, born at Leckhampstead, Bucks. 
 November 13, 1859. Studied music under 
 the Rev. L. G. Hayne, and was by him ap- 
 pointed organist of Bradfield, 1875 ; and of 
 Mistley with Bradfield, 1878. Composer of a 
 few hymn tunes. 
 
 Sutcliffe, Charles Thomas, organist, 
 born at Manchester, April 12, 1853. Chorister 
 at Manchester Cathedral, and assistant-organ- 
 ist there later. Organist successively at 
 Salford ; Longsight; Parish Church, Eccles; 
 and now of St. Catherine's, Barton, near 
 Manchester. He is the composer of some pf. 
 pieces, songs, etc. 
 
 Sutcliffe, Jasper, violinist. Scholar 
 R.C.M. Made a successful appearance at Mr. 
 De Jong's Manchester concerts, February 2, 
 1889, when he played Max Bruch's concerto 
 in G minor. He has been associated with 
 
 SWEPSTONE. 
 
 the British Chamber jMusic concerts, 1894, 
 and other artistic undertakings. 
 
 Sutherland, G., musician and composer, 
 author of " A Manual of the theory of Music," 
 London, 2 editions to 1871 ; and composer of 
 a few songs. 
 
 Sutherland, John, musician. Published 
 " The Edinburgh Repository of Music : con- 
 taining the most select English, Scottish, and 
 Irish airs, reels, strathspeys, etc," Edinburgh, 
 n.d., 3 vols. 
 
 Sutton, Alfred James, organist, com- 
 poser, and conductor, born at Droitwich, IMay 
 1, 1827, Resident in Birmingham, where he 
 was appointed conductor of the Amateur 
 Harmonic Association, on its formation in 
 1855, an office he held until 1877. Was chorus- 
 master, with W. C. Stockley, at the Birming- 
 ham Festival, 1858-76 ; and has held other 
 appointments. Sometime organist of St. 
 Thomas's, Birmingham ; St. Mary's, War- 
 wick, and other churches. Composer of an 
 oratorio, "Ruth"; and an opera, "Put to 
 the test," both in MS. His published works 
 include a Serenade for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra, composed in celebration of the 
 marriage of the Prince of Wales ; a cantata, 
 " Sage Advice, "composed for Madame Sainton- 
 Dolby's Choir ; songs, part-songs, and pieces 
 for organ. ]\Irs. Sutton, his wife, is a soprano 
 vocalist, and for many years hold a prominent 
 position in the Midlands as an oratorio singer. 
 She also took part in concerted pieces at the 
 Birmingham Festivals, 1861-73, and has been 
 heard with favour in London. 
 
 Sutton, Rev. Frederick Heathcote, 
 author of " Some account of the mediseval 
 organ case still existing at Old Radnor, South 
 Wales," London, 1866 ; " Church Organs, their 
 position and construction," London, 1872 ; 
 also 1883. The Appendix to this contains the 
 Old Radnor tract. 
 
 Sutton, Richard, musician, compiled 
 "Book of musical varieties," London [1835]. 
 
 Sutton, Robert, musician, author of 
 " Elements of the theory of music," London, 
 Cocks [1870] ; 3rd edition, 1874. 
 
 Sutton, William Walter, composer, 
 pianist, and teacher, born at Dover, 1793 ; 
 died there, in IMarch, 1874. He published a 
 number of arrangements for the Pf., etc. 
 
 Swaine, N., author of "The Young 
 Musician, or the science of music familiarly 
 explained, with a glossary of musical terms," 
 Stourport, 1818. 
 
 Swan, William David, pianist and com- 
 poser, born Glasgow, November 30, 1856 ; died 
 Burslem, May 27, 1889. He composed a few 
 pieces for the piano and was a good pianist, 
 acting in this capacity for a time as accom- 
 panist to the Glasgow Select Choir. 
 
 Swepstone, Edith, composer. Studied 
 at the Guildhall School of Music. One of her 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 403 
 
 SWIFT. 
 
 •earliest works to be performed was a symphony, 
 part of which was given under her direction 
 at Leyton, March 10, 1887. Other composi- 
 tions are : Elegiac Overture, " Les Tenebres," 
 performed in the Queen's Hall, February 9, 
 1897 ; Quintet in F minor, pf . and strings ; 
 Quartet in G minor, strings ; pieces for 'cello 
 and pf. ; and for pf. solo. Two cantatas for 
 female voices — The Ice Queen ; and Idylls of 
 the Morn ; songs, etc. IMiss Swepstone has 
 lectured on music at the City of London 
 School, 1895, etc. 
 
 Swift, George Henry, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Lambourn, Berkshire, 1856. 
 Organist of Lambourn Church, and conductor 
 of a choral society there till 1884, when he 
 went to Hungerford. He has composed an 
 Evening Service in E ; sing unto the Lord ; 
 .Show us Thy mercy ; and other anthems. 
 Part-songs. A Sonata in C, for pf., etc. 
 
 Swift, James Frederick, composer and 
 Lass vocalist. For many years resident at 
 Liverpool, and now at Liscard. Under the 
 name of Godfeey IMarks, he has published a 
 number of songs, Sailing; A brave heart, etc., 
 some of which ha\e enjoyed great popularity. 
 He has conducted various musical societies at 
 Liverpool, and given concerts. 
 
 Sydenham, Edwin Augustus, organist 
 and composer, was a choirboy at the Parish 
 Churcli, Stratford-ou-Avon. Studied at Leip- 
 zig Conservatorium, and became organist of 
 St. JMartin's, Dorking ; St. Andrew's, Farn- 
 ham, 1873 ; St. James's, Bury St. Edmund's, 
 1879; and All Saints', Scarborough, 1882. 
 There he worthily maintained the musical 
 reputation of the church. He gave concerts, 
 was busy as a teacher and composer, and was 
 the inventor of a patent touch regulator for the 
 pianoforte. He died suddenly at Scarborough, 
 February 18, 1891. His compositions em- 
 braced a number of anthems : Christ is risen ; 
 O give thanks ; Great is the Lord ; Sing unto 
 God ; and others. An Evening Service. A 
 battle song; The maiden of the Pleur-de-Lys; 
 The parting kiss ; and other part-songs. 
 Duet, pf. and harmonium ; pieces for violin 
 and pf. ; 'Cello and pf. ; and various compo- 
 sitions for pf. solo. 
 
 Symmers, James, amateur musician, 
 who was rector of Alloa Academy. He wrote 
 *' Outlines of the Sol-fa method of singing," 
 Glasgow, 1849. " The Sol-fa method of sing- 
 ing at sight from the common musical nota- 
 tion," Glasgow, 1858-59, 2 parts. 
 
 Symmes, Thomas, amateur musician 
 and clergyman, born in 1678, died in 1725. 
 He wrote " Utile dulci, or a joco-serious 
 dialogue concerning regular singing," Boston, 
 172.3. 
 
 Symonds, Henry, composer and organist. 
 He was one of the King's Band of Music. 
 Organist of St. Martin's, Ludgate, and of the 
 
 TAGORE. 
 
 Church of St. John, London. He died in 
 1730. Composer of Six sets of lessons for the 
 harpsichord, etc. 
 
 Synge, Mary Helena, pianist, born at 
 Parsonstown, Ireland. Daughter of the late 
 Sir Edward Synge, Bart., and descended from 
 Archbishop Synge, of the 17th century. After 
 some private study, she went to Brussels for 
 further instruction in pf. playing and singing. 
 On her return she gave a recital in London, 
 July 10, 1883, which brought her into favour- 
 able notice. She played at the exhibition in 
 Cork the same year, and has since been heard 
 at concerts in many places in England and 
 Ireland. As a composer she is known by a 
 vocal trio, " Spring" ; Songs, Time and Eter- 
 nity ; Fate, and others ; and a number of pf. 
 pieces. Of the same fanaily was the Rev. 
 Edward Synge, born at Lockeen Glebe, 
 Parsonstown, June 30, 1829. He graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1865, and Mus. Doc, 
 Dublin, 1869. His conipositions included an 
 unfinished oratorio, " Hezekiah " ; settings of 
 Psalm 127, and Psalm 150, for soli, chorus, 
 and organ ; ]Milton's Ode to May, soli and 
 chorus ; and some songs. He published a 
 Te Deum, and other church music ; IMorning 
 song ; Evening song ; Spring song. ; Winter 
 song, etc. Died, 1895. 
 
 Synyer, Henry, violinist and conductor, 
 born at Nottingham, June 7, 1818 ; died at 
 King's Heath, near Birmingham, Jvdy 17, 
 1892. He went to Birmingham as a young 
 man, and as the junior in the firm of Harvey 
 and Synyer ; was well-known in the INIidlands 
 as an entrepreneur. For thirty years he was 
 a member of the Birmingham Festival or- 
 chestra, and for a long period was bandmaster 
 of the 1st Warwickshire Rifle Volunteers. In 
 conjunction with Alfred W. Gilmer, Henry 
 Synyer formed a military band which had a 
 high reputation, and was in great request in 
 many parts of the country. 
 
 Sympson, see Simpson, C. 
 
 Taas, William, musician of latter part of 
 last century. He was an itinerating teacher 
 of psalmody in Banffshire, etc. Author of 
 the " Elements of Music, wherein the funda- 
 mental principles of that science are explained 
 and illustrated. To which is annexed a col- 
 lection of the best church tunes generally in 
 use, and fitted to various measures of poetry. 
 With several anthems, chants, and canons. 
 The whole selected from the best authors with 
 a view to the improvement of church music 
 in Scotland," Aberdeen, 1787. 
 
 Tagore, Rajah Sourindro Mohun, 
 Hindu amateur musician, was president of 
 the Calcutta i\Iusic School. Compiler of 
 " Hindu music, from various authors,". .Cal- 
 cutta, privately printed, 1875. This contains 
 all the treatises on the subject of any import- 
 
404. 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 TAILOUR. 
 
 ance, by Willard, Sir Wm. Jones, Sir W. 
 Ouseley, Nathan, etc. Six original Ragas ; 
 The Musical Scales of the Hindus. Some 
 specimens of Indian Songs. 
 
 Tailour, Robert, musician of the latter 
 part of 16th and early part of 17th centuries. 
 He issued " Sacred Hymns consisting of fifte 
 select Psalms of David and others, para- 
 phrastically turned into English verse, and 
 by R. Tailour set to be sung in five parts, as 
 also to the vicle and lute, or orpharion. Pub- 
 lished for the use of such as delight in the 
 exercise of music in her original honour," 
 London, 1615. 
 
 Tait, Andrew, musician of the first half 
 of the 18th century, issued "A New and 
 correct Sec of Church Tunes," Aberdeen, 1753, 
 3rd edition. We have not been able to trace 
 an earlier edition. 
 
 Tait, Annie, pianist and composer, who 
 studied at R.A.M. under Sir G. A. Macfarren. 
 She died at Eastbourne, Febuary 24, 1886, at 
 an early age, after a career of much promise. 
 Among her works are a Trio for pf . and strings ; 
 Sonata in F for pf. : and other pieces for pf. 
 and songs. 
 
 Tait, Patriclc Macnaghten, F.S.S., 
 F.R.Q.S., son of the late William Tait, Esq., 
 was born in Edinburgh. In 1851 proceeded 
 to India, and was there through the Mutiny, 
 when he raised the Rifle Company of the 
 Calcutta Volunteer Guards. Contributor to 
 various magazines, chiefly on subjects of Mor- 
 tality and Insurance. The work claiming 
 notice here is " Vital and other Statistics 
 applicable to Musicians," 1880. 
 
 Tallis or Tallys, Thomas, composer and 
 organist, born about 1520-1529. He is sup- 
 posed to have been a chorister in the Chapel 
 Royal. Organist of Waltham Abbey till 1540. 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Royal during reigns 
 of Henry VIII., Edward VI., Mary, and 
 Elizabeth. Joint organist with Byrd, of the 
 Chapel Royal, and joint patentee with him 
 in the exclusive right to print music. He 
 died on November 23, 1585, and was buried 
 in Parish Church of Greenwich. 
 
 Works. — Cantiones quse ab argumento 
 Sacrse vocantur, quinque et sex partium, 
 London, 1575. The Preces, Chants, Te Deum, 
 Benedictus, Responses, Litany, Kyrie, Creed, 
 Sanctus, Gloria, Magnificat, and Nunc Dimit- 
 tis (Church of England Service), first printed 
 in Barnard's Collection, 1641, and since re- 
 printed many times by Novello, Rimbault, 
 Jebb, etc. Song of Forty Parts, for eight 
 choirs of five voices each, "Spem in alium 
 non habui." The Order of the Daily Service of 
 the United Church of England and Ireland, 
 edited by John Bishop, London, 1843. An- 
 thems : All people that on earth do dwell ; 
 Come, Holy Ghost ; Hear the voice and prayer ; 
 I call and cry ; If ye love Me ; Hear my prayer ; 
 
 TATE. 
 
 Blessed are those ; Salvator j\Iundi (motet) ; 
 and many others in MS. contained in the- 
 British IMuseum, IMusic School of Oxford, Fitz- 
 william ^Museum, Cambridge, and elsewhere. 
 
 In 1876 a brass memorial tablet was placed 
 in Greenwich Parish Church, which was pro- 
 vided by subscriptions gathered on the sugges- 
 tion of Henry Walter Miller {q.v.). 
 
 Tamplin, Augustus Leclimere, organ- 
 ist and composer, born in London, 1837 ; died 
 Fulham, London, ]\Iay 8, 1889. He was. 
 organist of St. James' Church, Marylebone, 
 and was a performer of great ability. In 1883 
 he lectured in London on the history, con- 
 struction and technicalites of the pianoforte. 
 He introduced the double touch in harmonium 
 playing. Composer of an operetta, "Flourette," 
 performed. Crystal Palace, 1874 ; Pf. music ; 
 Songs : Daybreak ; Love, and other pieces. 
 
 Tans'ur, William, comi^oser and collector, 
 born at Dunchurch, Warwickshire, in 1699 or 
 1700. He was a teacher of ixiusic at different 
 times in Barnes (Surrey), Ewell near Epsom, 
 Cambridge, Stamford, Boston, Leicester, and 
 other parts of England where he worked along 
 with his son, but lately he settled in St. Neots 
 as a bookseller and teacher of music, and died 
 there, October 7, 1783. 
 
 Works. — A Compleat Melodj^ or the Har- 
 mony of Sion . . London [1724 ?] , other editions- 
 1730, 1736, 1738, 1764-66, etc. [The titles and 
 contents of the various editions of this work 
 vary greatly] . Heaven on earth or the beauty 
 of holiness. .London, 1738. Sacred mirth or 
 the pious soul's daily delight. .1739. The 
 Universal harmony containing the whole 
 book of psalms. .1743, 1746, etc. The Psalm- 
 singer's jewel, or useful companion to the 
 book of Psalms.. London, 1760, 1766, etc. 
 Melodia Sacra, or the devout psalmist's new 
 musical companion, a choice selection of 
 psalm tunes in 4 parts.. 1771, 1772. A new 
 musical grammar, or the harmonical spec- 
 tator. .Leicester, 1746 ; 2nd edition, London,. 
 1753 ; 3rd edition, 1756 ; 7th edition, 1829. 
 The elements of musick displayed. .London, 
 1772. Poetical meditations. .1740. 
 
 Tanymarian, sec Stephen, Edward. 
 
 Tapley, Josepli, tenor vocalist, was a. 
 scholar of the National Training School, 
 South Kensington, to 1882. Sang at Mr. 
 De Jong's concerts, ]\Ianchester, 1888 ; toured 
 in the "Old Guard," and other comic opera 
 companies, 1887 ; and sang in comic opera 
 for three years in Australia, his Rev. Henry 
 Sandford, in " The Vicar of Bray," being a 
 pronounced success. He appeared in a round 
 of characters in the Gilbert- Sullivan operas. 
 Returned to England in 1896. 
 
 Tate, Nalium, poet and musician, born 
 at Dublin in 1652. He succeeded Shadwell 
 as poet laureate in 1692. Died at London 
 in 1715. Author of " An Essay for promoting. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 405 
 
 TATTET. 
 
 psalmody," London, 1710, but is best known 
 for his metrical version of the psalms, which 
 he executed along with Nicholas Brady. 
 
 Tattet, J. A., organist and composer of 
 first half of the present century. He edited 
 MacMurdie's " Sacred Music," 1827, and com- 
 posed a large nuniber of songs and ballads, 
 such as "The Blind boy" [1825] ," Forget 
 me not when beauty smiles," " jMay Day," 
 etc. 
 
 Tattersall, Rev. WiHiam DeChair, 
 clergyman and musician, was born in 1752. 
 Rector of Westbourne, Sussex, 1778, and of 
 Wootten-under-Edge, 1779, where he died on 
 May 26, 1829. Compiler of " Psalms selected 
 fronr Merrick's version, the music new and 
 partly chosen from the works of the most 
 eminent composers," London, 1791. " Im- 
 proved Psalmody, with new music," London, 
 1794; also 1795, 3 vols., and "Improved 
 Psalmody, the words selected from a poetical 
 version of tlie Psalms by J. IMerrick, the 
 music adapted from the sacred compositions 
 of Handel," London, 1802. 
 
 Taverner, John, organist and composer 
 of the 16th century. He was organist of 
 Boston, Lincolnshire, and of Christ Church, 
 Oxford. He was involved in the Reformation 
 struggle, and narrowly escaped martyrdom. 
 He composed masses, motets, and anthems, 
 now existing in MS. 
 
 Taverner, John, musician, born 1584. 
 Professor of music at Gresham College, 1610. 
 Was vicar of Stoke Newington. Died there, 
 1638. 
 
 Taylor, Amram, musician of first part 
 of present century. Composer of " The Sacred 
 Harp, a new set of original psalm and hymn 
 tunes, composed and harmonized for four 
 voices," London [1842]. 
 
 Taylor, Brook, mathematician and mu- 
 sician, born at Edmonton in 1685. He 
 distinguished himself at Cambridge, and 
 became Secretary of the Royal Society in 
 1714. He died in 1731. Celebrated for his 
 theorem, which Lagrange adopted as the 
 basis of the differential calculus. He was the 
 first to publish analytical researches into the 
 vibrations of strings, and contributed to the 
 Philosophical Tran.sactions of 1713 a paper on 
 the " ]\Iotion of a tense string." 
 
 Taylor, Ebenezer WilEiam, organist 
 and composer, born at Staffoid, November 
 26, 1851. Began to study music when six 
 years old, afterwards articled to G. Townshend 
 Smith, of Hereford Cathedral, and sub- 
 sequently studied with Dr. C. W. Corfe, 
 at Oxford. Graduated ]\Ius. Bac, 1876 ; 
 Mus. Doc, 1883, Oxford ; F.R.C.O., 1879. 
 Appointed organist of St. Thomas', Stafford, 
 1872 ; and of St. Mary's, 1880. Hon. local 
 examiner for R.C.jM. His compositions coni- 
 prise an oratorio, " St. Stephen " ; a cantata. 
 
 TAYLOR. 
 
 "God our Refuge"; service for Holy Com- 
 munion ; songs, pf. pieces, etc. Author of 
 Vocal score reading exercises ; Figured bass 
 and melody exercises ; Pedal and manual 
 scales, arpeggios, etc., for organ. Contributor 
 to National Book of Hymn tunes, etc. 
 
 Taylor, Edward, writer and musician, 
 born at Norwich, January 22, 1784. Son of 
 John Taylor, a Unitarian preacher there. He 
 studied music under Charles Smyth and Dr. 
 Beckwith. Bass singer at the Norwich Con- 
 certs. Established, with others, the Norwich 
 Musical Festival, 1824. Settled in London, 
 1825, and became bass singer, teacher, and 
 musical critic of the Spectator, and a writer 
 in the Harinonicon. Professor of music, 
 Gresham College, in succession to Stevens, 
 1837. Conducted Norwich Festivals of 1839 
 and 1842. Founded the Purcell Club, and with 
 Rimbault and Chappell, the Musical Antiqua- 
 rian Society. Secretary' of the Vocal Society. 
 He died at Brentwood, March 12, 1863. 
 
 Works. — Three inaugural lectures (Gres- 
 ham College), London, 1838 ; An address from 
 the Gresham Professor of Music to the patrons 
 and lovers of art,.. London, 1838; The Vocal 
 School of Italy in the sixteenth century, mad- 
 rigals, full antheaus, motets, and villanellas, 
 adapted to English words, London [1839] , A 
 collection of Psalm tunes in various metres . . 
 London, 1812 ; The People's Music Book 
 (with J. Turle), London, 1844; The English 
 Cathedral Service : its glory, its decline, and 
 its destined extinction, London, 1845 (re- 
 printed from the Britishand Foreign Rcvieiv) ; 
 The art of singing at sight (with Turle), Lon- 
 don, 1846, 2nd edition, 1855 ; Airs of the 
 Rhine, edited. Edited Purcell's " King Ar- 
 thur" for the Musical Antiquarian Society. 
 Translated librettos of Slozart's Requiem, 
 Haydn's Seasons, Graun's Death of Jesus, 
 Spohr's Last Judgment and Fall of Babylon. 
 Songs : Guarda che bianca luna ; I'll be a 
 fairy ; Rover's farewell, etc. He also edited 
 Major's collection of Sacred IMusic [1820] . 
 
 Taylor, Franklin, pianist and teacher, 
 born at Birmingham, February 5, 1843. 
 Studied under C. Flavell, pf., and T. Bedsraore, 
 organ, taking the services for the latter at 
 Lichfield Cathedral when eleven. Went to 
 Leipzig in 1859, and studied at the Con- 
 servatorium under Plaidy, Moscheles, Haupt- 
 mann, and others. Left for 1 aris in 1861, 
 and studied further with Madame Schumann. 
 In 1862 he returned to London, and was 
 engaged in teaching. He played at the 
 Crystal Palace, February 18, 1865, Hiller's 
 Concerto in F sharp minor ; and made his 
 first appearance at the Monday Popular 
 Concerts, June 15, 1866, in a Beethoven 
 programme. He has also played in Liver- 
 pool (Philharmonic), Birmingham — where he 
 was a great favourite — and other places. Of 
 
406 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 TAYLOR. 
 
 late years he has devoted himself chiefly to 
 teaching, writing, and editing. He was 
 sometime organist of Twickenham Parish 
 Church, and St. Michael's, Chester Square. 
 Was professor at the National Training 
 School, 1876-82 ; at the R.C.M., 1883 ; now 
 Member of the Board of Professors, and 
 Member of the Associated Board. Examiner 
 for South Africa, 1894. Member, and some- 
 time Director, Philharmonic Society; and 
 President of the Academy for the higher 
 development of pf. playing. Author of Primer 
 of Pianoforte Playing, Macmillan, 1877 ; 
 Technique and Expression in Pianoforte 
 Playing, Novello, 1897. Translator of Richter's 
 Harmony, Cramer, 1864 ; Counterpoint, 1874; 
 Canon and Fugue, 1878. Compiler of a 
 Pianoforte Tutor, London, Enoch. Editor of 
 Beethoven's Sonatas, l-12,Boosey ; Progressive 
 Studies for pf. .52 books, Novello ; Scales and 
 Arpeggios, Novello's Primers, No. 53. Arrange- 
 ment of Sullivan's Tempest Music, pf., four 
 hands, etc. Contributor of some valuable 
 articles to Grove's Dictionary of Music and 
 Musicians. 
 
 Taylor, Harry James, organist and 
 composer, born at Cheltenham, August 1, 
 1866. Articled pupil of J. A. Matthews. 
 Gained National Prize, Trinity College, Lon- 
 don, 1884. F.R.C.O., 1888. For several 
 years organist to the Cheltenham Festival 
 Society ; in 1886 appointed organist and 
 choirmaster. Parish Church, Cullompton, 
 Devon ; and from 1888 has held a similar 
 position at Christ Church, Dover, and is also 
 conductor of the Dover Choral Union. Hon. 
 local examiner, R.C.IM. His works include 
 Two overtures, orchestra ; Serenade, for strings 
 and harps, Cheltenham Festival, 1896; String 
 quartet; Trio in D minor, pf. and strings; 
 Serenata ; Gavotte, pf. and two violins. 
 Pianoforte sonatas; Organ pieces, etc. Author 
 of The Choralists' Handbook, and Historical 
 facts relating to music (London, Weekes, 
 1894), which has gone through several editions. 
 
 Taylor, James, musician and writer, born 
 at Norwich, October 7, 1781 ; died there June 
 7, 1855. Auihor of " A Course of Preceptive 
 Lessons for the Spanish Guitar, designed for 
 the assistance of master and pupil," London 
 [1827] ; and composer of Twelve easy preludes 
 for the harp [1820] . He contributed essays 
 on music to the Quarterly Magazine and 
 Bevicw of Music, 1818-29. 
 
 Taylor, James, Scottish musician of 
 present century, issued " A Collection of 
 Psalms, etc., with a familiar introduction to 
 the theory and practice of vocal music," 
 Aberdeen ; Cornwall, n.d. 
 
 Another James Taylor, who was a violinist 
 at Elgin, issued "A Collection of Strathspeys 
 and Reels, dedicated to Lady Dunbar, of 
 Northfield," Elgin, n.d. 
 
 TAYLOR. 
 
 Taylor, John organist and writer, organ- 
 ist to the Queen at Kensington Palace ; Pro- 
 fessor of Sight Singing, G.S.M., 1897. Author 
 of " A Manual of Vocal Music," London, 
 1872; "Music and the Sol-fa Systems in 
 Elementary Schools," London, 1878 ; Muta- 
 tion Singing Method, London, 1873. " A few 
 words on the Anglican Chant," London, n.d.; 
 " Student's Text Book on the Science of 
 Music," London, 1876; Music sheet Stave 
 Modulator [1882] . The Stave Sight-Singing 
 Method for use in army schools. How to sing 
 at sight from the Staff, London, Philip & Son, 
 1897. 
 
 Taylor, Rev. John, clergyman and writer, 
 born at Lancaster in 1694 ; died at Warring- 
 ton in 1761. Author of " The Music Speech 
 at the Public Commencement ai Cambridge," 
 London, 1730; "A Collection of Tunes in 
 various Airs, with a scheme for supporting 
 the spirit and practice of Psalmody in con- 
 gregations," London, 1750. 
 
 Taylor, John Bianchi, coinposer and 
 conductor, born at Bath in 1801. He was 
 a distinguished teacher of singing. Died at 
 Bath, April, 1876. Composed "A set of seven 
 glees," Bath [1840]. Duets; Green leaves,, 
 part-song. Songs : Convent bell. Flowers, 
 I ask thee not, I never can forget, Mariner's 
 life, Moonlight, Oh peaceful lake. Slave wife. 
 When I leave thee, etc. 
 
 Taylor, Richard, composer and writer, 
 born at Chester in 1758. He died at Chester, 
 February, 1813. Author of "The principles- 
 of music at one view," London, 1791 ; "Beauties 
 of sacred verse," London, 1795, 3 vols. Nat- 
 ional songs. Composer of Buxom Joan, a 
 burletta, 1778; A collection of favourite songs 
 and an overture, London [1780] . Glees : Now 
 Winter with her hoary train ; The gloomy 
 season's past ; Summer now upholds her 
 scenes ; Clad in her brown vesture ; Gently 
 as the breathing gale. Songs, etc. His son, 
 Thomas, born at Chester in 1787, was organist 
 of St. John's, Liverpool. He published " A 
 Book of Original Chants," songs, etc. 
 
 Taylor, Robert, conductor and organist. 
 While a child was organist at Badsey, Worces- 
 ter, and Child's Wickham, Gloucester. Thence 
 he entered Worcester Cathedral as a chorister, 
 and was afterwards acticled to W. Done, and 
 became his assistant organist. Appointed 
 organist of St. Patrick's, Hove, Brighton, he 
 established the Brighton Sacred Harmonic 
 Society, of which he has been conductor since 
 1870, doing excellent work in the cause of 
 music. In 1869 he was appointed organist of 
 Brighton College, an office he held for nine- 
 teen years. With Dr. Alfred King he estab- 
 lished the Brighton School of Music. He is 
 choirmaster at the Church of St. Michael and 
 All Angels, Brighton. 
 
 Taylor, Samuel Priestley, organist. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 407 
 
 TAYLOR. 
 
 born in London in 1779. Son of Rev. James 
 Taylor, Rector of Cumberland Street Chapel. 
 When seven the boy played the organ for the 
 choir of that Chapel, having previously sung 
 in the choir of Surrey Chapel. He was taught 
 music by John Whittaker, and Dr. Russell of 
 Oxford. Went to New York in 1806, and was 
 organist of Christ Church, when he introduced 
 chanting. Played the clarinet and kettle- 
 drums in the band of the American garrison, 
 New York, in the war of 1812, and received a 
 pension up to his death. Was president, 1812, 
 of a musical organisation, now become the 
 New York Philharmonic Society. His last 
 public appearance was at Holy Trinity, Brook- 
 lyn, in 1865, when he played Luther's " Judge- 
 ment Hymn " for a chorus of 100. In 1874 
 the Handel and Haydn Society of Brooklyn 
 gave him a testimonial concert. Known as 
 the oldest organist in the world, he died at 
 New York, in the summer of 1875, at the age 
 of 96. 
 
 Taylor, Sedley, M.A., author of " Sound 
 and Music," a non-mathenaatical Treatise on 
 the physical constitution of musical sounds 
 and harmony.." London, 1873, 2nd edition, 
 Macmillan, 1883. 
 
 He has lectured at the Birmingham and 
 Midland Institute, on the "Physical basis of 
 sound"; at the Musical Association on "Im- 
 proved Notation"; on Bach's Church Can- 
 tatas, Cambridge, 1893; and elsewhere. Com- 
 poser of part-songs, songs, and author of 
 contributions to musical journals. 
 
 Taylor, Silas, composer, born at Harley, 
 Shropshire, July 16, 1624 ; died November 4, 
 1678. Published " Court Ayres, or Pavins, 
 Almaines, Corants, and Sarabands," London, 
 1655. 
 
 His brother, Sylvanus, who died at Dub- 
 lin in 1672, was a violinist. 
 
 Taylor, Mrs. Tom, bom Laura W. Bar- 
 ker. Third daughter of the Rev. Thomas 
 Barker, vicar of Thirkleby, Y^'orks. Married 
 Mr. Tom Taylor, the dramatist, in June, 
 1855. Composed Sonata for pf. and violin, 
 the Country Walk, 1860. " Ballads and Songs of 
 Brittany.. Translated by Tom Taylor, with some 
 of the Original Melodies harmonized by Mrs. 
 Tom Taylor," London, 1865. " Enoue," can- 
 tata, 1850 ; Glees ; Six Songs, London [1847] ; 
 Six Songs for voice and pf . [1852] ; Music to 
 "As You Like It," London, April 14, 1880; 
 Songs of Youth, 1883, etc. 
 
 Taylor, William, organist and composer, 
 born at Kidderminster, December 8, 1832. 
 Studied under Dr. William IMarshall. Grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1854. Organist and 
 choirmaster, St. John the Baptist, Kidder- 
 minster, 1849-68 ; and of the Parish Church 
 from 1868. Honorary Borough organist. 
 Compositions : Psalm 104, for soli, chorus, 
 and orchestra ; oratorio, St. John the Baptist 
 
 TEMPLETON. 
 
 (composed 1862 ; published 1879) ; Te Deum, 
 Benedicite, Evening Service in F. Songs, 
 etc. 
 
 Taylor, William Frederick, pianist and 
 composer, born at Bristol in 1835; died in 
 February, 1 887. Composer of Diana, operetta, 
 1884 ; quartet for pf. and strings. Fantasias, 
 galops, marches, gavottes, and numerous 
 transcriptions for pf. Part-songs and songs. 
 He gave concerts at which five of his own 
 family took part. 
 
 Temple, Hope, composer, born in Dublin, 
 of English parents. At the age of thirteen 
 came to England to complete her education. 
 Studied under J. F. Barnett and E. Silas ; 
 and in Paris with AndrtI Messager. Gave 
 concerts, Steinway Hall, 1890, etc. Composer 
 of an operetta, " The Wooden Spoon," and of 
 a number of songs, among which may be 
 named 'Tis all that I can say. An Old Garden, 
 Were we lovers then ? ]\Iary Grey, A Mother's 
 love, Queen of Roses, etc. 
 
 Temple, Richard, see Cobb, Richard 
 Barker. 
 
 Templeton, John, tenor vocalist, born at 
 Riccarton, near Kilmarnock, July 30, 1802. 
 One of a family of which other members 
 were singers. He was precentor in Dr. 
 Brown's Secession Church, Edinburgh, about 
 1822, but went to Loudon, and studied under 
 Blewitt, Welsh, and T. Cooke. Debut on 
 stage at Worthing, 1828 First appeared in 
 London as J5e^i;iZZe in Shield's "Rosina," Octo- 
 ber 13, 1831. Became associated with Malibran 
 in 1883, and sang with her in opera in London 
 with great success. Sang in Scotland, 1836. 
 Appeared in the United States as lecturer 
 and vocalist, 1845-6, and published his lecture 
 as " A Musical Entertainment," Boston, 1845. 
 He retired frour public life in 1852. lie sang 
 in operas of Meyerbeer, Spohr, Mozart, Auber, 
 Barnett, Balfe, Benedict, and Rossini, and 
 was one of the most popular and refined 
 ballad vocalists of his time. He died at New 
 Hampton, near London, July 1, 1886. See 
 Templeton and Malibran, reminiscences of 
 these renowned singers, with original letters 
 and anecdotes, by W. 11. H., London, 1880, 3 
 portraits. He composed a few songs, " Put 
 off! put off! " (Queen Mary's escape from 
 Lochleven), etc. 
 
 His brother James (born in 1784 ; died 
 January 4, 1868), was an alto singer, and 
 acted as precentor of St. Andrew's Parish 
 Church, Edinburgh, for many years. Robert 
 (born in 1790 ; died 1853), was a tenor, 
 and held a precentor's appointment in a 
 church in Kilmarnock. IMatthew (born in 
 1792 ; died April 16, 1870), was a bass singer 
 and a teacher of music. Andrew (born in 
 1796 ; died in June, 1841), was a precentor in 
 Kirkwood's Relief Church at Edinburgh, and 
 possessed a fine alto voice. 
 
408 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 TENCH. 
 
 Tench, Mrs. Albert, see Cullen, Rose. 
 
 Thicknesse, Mrs. Philip, see Ford, Ann. 
 
 Thackeray, Duncan, organist, tenor 
 vocalist and composer. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1870; Mus. Doc, Dublin, 1871. 
 Sometime organist of St. John's Church, 
 Perth ; later at Southgate, Middlesex. Since 
 1860 tenor in choir of Armagh Cathedral. 
 He has composed two sacred cantatas for soli, 
 chorus (8 part), and orchestra ; Church 
 Service ; Songs, etc. 
 
 Thillon, Anna, bom Hunt, soprano 
 vocalist, born in London in 1819. Left 
 England at the age of ten, and studied at 
 Havre, marrying, when fifteen, M. Thillon, 
 who was at one time principal first violin in 
 Jullieu's band. She made her debut at the 
 Theatre de la Renaissance, Paris, November 
 17, 18.38, in Grisar's " Lady Melvil " ; and 
 after singing in opera in Paris for some years, 
 returned to England, and appeared first at the 
 Princess's Theatre, May 2, 1844, as the Queen 
 in Auber's " Crown Diamonds." She sang 
 at the Philharmonic Concert on June 24 
 following, and later, in the provinces. Visited 
 the Continent, and was in America, 1850-4. 
 Returning to England, sang at JuUien's 
 Concerts, 1854. IMade her last appearance in 
 opera at the Lyceum Theatre, IMay, 1855, in 
 the " Crown Diamonds," and retiring from 
 public life some years later, went to reside at 
 Torquay. 
 
 Thirlwall, John Wade, composer and 
 violinist, born at Shilbottle, Northumberland, 
 January 11, 1809; died at London, June 15, 
 1876. He was leader of the band at Covent 
 Garden Theatre, etc. Composer of a " Book 
 of Ballads," 1843; Songs, violin music, etc. 
 
 His daugliter Annik (born 1830 ; died, 
 London, October 19, 1881), who married 
 E. Dussek Corri (q.v.), wa~; a soprano vocalist. 
 
 Thom, Rev. Robert Riach, clergyman, 
 poet, and musician, born at Montrose, De- 
 cember 16, 1831. Educated at Edinburgh 
 University, etc. INIinister of Free St. David's, 
 Glasgow, and afterwards of the Free High 
 Church, Kilmarnock. He has composed a 
 number of hymns and other music for the 
 church, and in 1868 he edited a " Manual of 
 Praise," containing music for the service of 
 the church. 
 
 Thomas, see also Aptommas. 
 
 Thomas, Adelaide Louisa, pianist, born 
 at Clapham, London. Scholar of tlie National 
 Training School, Kensington ; A.R.C.M. Gave 
 pf. recitals in London, 1883, etc. In 1892 
 passed the examination for Mus. Bac, Oxford, 
 but was not allowed to take the degree. 
 Author of "A Royal Road to Pianoforte 
 Playing," Williams ; and composer of Festi- 
 val Setting of Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis. 
 Principal of the Scientific Training School for 
 Music, 1894. 
 
 THOMAS. 
 
 Thomas, Arthur Goring, composer, born 
 at Ralton Park, near Eastbourne, Sussex, Nov- 
 ember 21, 1851. Intended for another pro- 
 fession, he did not enter upon the serious 
 study of music until he was over twenty years 
 of age. Studied at Paris, under Eniile Dur- 
 and, 1874-6 ; and subsequently at R.A.M., 
 London, under Sullivan and Prout. Lucas 
 Prizeholder, 1879-80. F.R.A.M. He resided 
 in London, and devoted liimself entirely to 
 composition. His death was melancholy. 
 Suffering from mental depression, he threw 
 himself in front of a train at West Hampstead 
 Station, March 20, 1892, and was instantly 
 killed. A Goring Thomas Scholarship was 
 fovinded, 1892, at the R.A.M. 
 
 Works. — Operas : The light of the Harem 
 (R.A.M. composition, 1880); Esmeralda, pro- 
 duced by Carl Rosa, Drury Lane, Marcli 26, 
 1883 ; Nadeschda (Julian Sturgis), tlie same, 
 April 16, 1885 ; The Golden Web (left un- 
 finished, scoring completed by S. P. Wadding- 
 ton), produced, Court Theatre, Liverpool, 
 February 15, 1893. Choral Ode, The Sun- 
 worsliippers, Norwich Festival, 1881 ; Cantata, 
 The Swan and the Skylark (orchestral score by 
 C. V. Stanford), Birmingham Festival, 1894. 
 Four vocal scenas. Hero and Leander (Lucas 
 Prize), 1880, etc. Psalm for soprano solo, 
 chorus and orcliestra, R.A.M. concert, St. 
 James's Hall, June 19, 1878. Sovgs : Twelve 
 Lyrics; Lullaby; Bree.'?e from shore; Song of 
 Spain ; Clianson de Mai ; Know'st thou the 
 land ; A Summer land ; The Kiss ; Album of 
 ten songs (selected from a number found 
 among his MSS.), six are settings of French 
 words by Victor Hugo, and others. Duet, 
 The Dawn, Birmingham Festival, 1891 ; Duet, 
 Sunset. Suite de Ballet, orchestra, composed 
 for Cambridge University Musical Society, 
 and produced, June 9, 1887 ; Sonata, pf. and 
 violin, etc. 
 
 Thomas, C. N., amateur organist. For 
 twenty-five years lie was organist of St. 
 George's Cathedral, Cape Town, resigning in 
 1888. A good baritone vocalist, he has taken 
 an active part in musical doings in the colony, 
 by his work at concerts as well as in the 
 church. 
 
 Thomas, Cadwallader, bandmaster, born 
 on November 15, 1838. Joined the ijand of 
 the Coldstream Guards in 1853, and became 
 Serjeant in 1866, at that time being solo 
 clarinet player. Bandmaster to the Duke of 
 York's School, 1870-80; and on the retire- 
 ment of Frederick Godfrey, 1880, wasappointed 
 bandmaster of the Coldstream Guards. This 
 he held until early in 1896, when he retired. 
 
 Thomas, Dudley, tenor vocalist. Won 
 the prize for tenors at the Crystal Palace 
 Competitions, June 27, 1872. Was a member 
 of Sidney Leslie's Royal English Opera Com- 
 pany, 1885 ; and also sang in Italian opera at 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 409 
 
 THOMAS. 
 
 •Covent Garden in 1887. Later details are 
 wanting. 
 
 Thomas, Evan William, violinist and 
 composer, pupil of Spagnoletti. He played 
 in the orchestra at the production of Weber's 
 •" Oberon," 1826. Most of his professional 
 life was passed in Liverpool, where he was 
 apj)ointcd leader of the Philharmonic band, 
 1850. He gave successful shilling Saturday 
 Concerts in Liverpool, 1854 ; also classical 
 chamber concerts in IMaiichester, 185-3, etc. 
 He composed a concerto in A minor, for 
 violin and orchestra, 1863, and other pieces. 
 Retired many years ago, and resided at Dinas 
 Dinlle, North Wales, where he died October 
 4, 1892, in his 79th year. 
 
 Thomas, Florence A., see stib. Mar- 
 shall, Julian. 
 
 Thomas, Frances, clarinet player of 
 present time. She has been heard at concerts 
 in London, Birmingham, etc., from 1878, and 
 has gained a reputation for tone and execu- 
 tion. 
 
 Thomas, John, Pencerdd Gwalia, harp- 
 ist and composer, born at Bridgend, Glamor- 
 ganshire, March 1 (St. David's Day), 1826. 
 When a child he played the piccolo, and then 
 the harp, winning the prize of a triple harp 
 at Abergavenny Eisteddfod when eleven years 
 old. Through the influence of the Countess 
 of Lovelace he was placed in the R.A.M. in 
 1840, where he studied the harp under J. B. 
 ■Chatterton, and composition under Charles 
 Lucas and Cipriani Potter. Many composi- 
 tions, including an opera, " Alfred the Great," 
 were written during his student days, and 
 produced at the R.A.jNL concerts. In succes- 
 sion he was elected Associate, Fellow, and 
 Professor, R.A.M. In 1851 he was harpist at 
 the Royal Italian Opera; and 1852-62, under- 
 took annual tours on the continent, playing 
 at Vienna, Berlin, Moscow, St. Petersburg, 
 etc. Played at the Leipzig Gewandhaus 
 ■Concerts, October 3, 1852, and- again in Jan- 
 uary, 1861. In 1861 the title of Pencerdd 
 Gwalia (Chief Bard of Wales), was conferred 
 upon him at the Aberdare Eisteddfod. He 
 gave his first concert of Welsh music at St. 
 James's Hall, July 4, 1862, with a chorus of 
 four-hundred voices, and a band of twenty 
 harps, creating a great sensation. Some of 
 his harp compositions were introduced. These 
 concerts have been continued annually. 
 In 1871 he was appointed Harpist to the 
 Queen, in succession to the late J. B. Chatt- 
 erton. That year he also was conductor of 
 the Welsh Choral Union. By his efforts a 
 Welsh Scholarship was founded at the R.A.M. 
 in 1883, and which bears his name. He acted 
 as adjudicator at the Eisteddfod at Chicago 
 Exhibition, 1893; his cantata, "Llewelyn," 
 was performed September 6, and gave a harp 
 •concert there, September 18. Public recog- 
 
 THOMAS. 
 
 nition of his services to music has not been 
 wanting, and he has been elected INIember of 
 the Academy of St. Cecilia, and Philharmonic, 
 Rome; Philharmonic, and Royal Musical 
 Academy, Florence ; Philharmonic Society, 
 London. He is professor of the harp at 
 R.C.M., and a INIember of the Royal Society 
 of ]\Iusicians, and of the I.S.^I. At the 
 Cardiff Conference, 1896-7, he gave a lecture 
 on the Music of Wales. 
 
 Works. — Llewelyn, dramatic cantata, pro- 
 duced, Swansea Eisteddfod, 1863 ; The Bride 
 of Neath Valley, a Welsh scene, Chester, 
 1866. The memory of love ; The Minstrel ; 
 There be none of Beauty's daughters ; and 
 many other songs. Welsh patriotic songs, 
 arranged for chorus and harp. Edited and 
 arranged a Collection of Welsh IMelodies, for 
 voice, with harp or pf . accompaniment, 2 vols., 
 1862 ; later, 4 vols. Harp : Concerto in E 
 flat, produced. Philharmonic Concert, INIay 3, 
 1852 ; Concerto in B flat. Duets for two 
 harps ; for harp and pf. ; Two sets of six 
 studies, and many pieces for harp solo. Ro- 
 mance and rondo piacevole, harp and violin. 
 Transcription of ]\Iendelssohn's Lieder ohne 
 Worte, 8 books ; Schubert's songs ; Welsh 
 melodies ; Beethoven's Sonata, op. 27, No. 2; 
 Handel's variations in E, etc. 
 
 Thomas, John. Bom at Blaenanerch, 
 Cardiganshire, December 11, 1839. Composer 
 of many anthems, glees, and part-songs, of a 
 popular type. Adjudicator and conductor of 
 Psalmody Festivals. 
 
 Thomas, John L., Ieuan Ddu, musician 
 and editor, born near Carmarthen in 1795 ; 
 died at Treforest, Glamorgan, June 30, 1871. 
 He compiled " Y Caniedydd Cymreig : the 
 Cambriai>. minstrel, being a collection of the 
 melodies of Cambria, with original words in 
 English and Welsh," Merthyr Tydvill, 1845. 
 Thomas was a schoolmaster by profession. 
 
 Thomas, John Rogers, composer, and 
 baritone vocalist, born at Newport, Mon- 
 mouth, ]\Iarch 26, 1830. He went to the 
 United States, and became a teacher and 
 editor. He published "Church Music, a 
 selection of Gems from the best masters," 
 New York, 1863 ; Thomas' Sacred Music, a 
 collection of psalm and hymn tunes, New 
 York, 1863. Composed " The Pic-nic " can- 
 tata ; " Diamond cut Diamond," operetta, 
 1876. Songs : After long years ; Beautiful 
 isle of the sea (1865) , Bonnie Eloise ; Cottage 
 by the sea ; Evangeline ; Pretty Nelly ; 
 Thine alone ; 'Tis but a little faded flower. 
 
 Thomas, Lewis William, bass vocalist, 
 born at Bath, of Welsh parentage, April, 1826. 
 He was brought up as a wood-carver, but 
 developing a fine bass voice, he studied 
 singing under Bianchi Taylor. In 1850 he 
 was appointed lay-clerk in Worcester Cathe- 
 dral, and, in 1852, master of the choristers. 
 
410 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 THOMAS. 
 
 For some years he assisted at the Three 
 Choirs' and Birmingham Festivals. He was 
 a great favourite in Birmingliam, and sang at 
 the Festival Choral and other concerts for 
 many years. He first appeared in London 
 at St. Martin's Hall, December 20, 1854, in 
 "The Messiah," at Mr. Hullah's concerts, 
 and sang at the Sacred Harmonic concerts 
 for the first time, November 23, 1855. The 
 next year he settled in London, and was in 
 the choir of St. Paul's Cathedral. This 
 appointment he left in 1857 for the Temple 
 Church, and about the same time was appointed 
 a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal. He sang 
 at the Temple Church until 1885, and resigned 
 his position at the Chapel Royal in 1887. 
 For a short time, about 1857, he sang in 
 opera. During Mr. Joseph Bennett's visit to 
 America, 1884-5, Lewis Thomas undertook 
 his musical duties on the Daily Telegraph, 
 and later was placed on the staff of that paper. 
 From 1886 he edited The Lute for some time. 
 He died, after a lingering illness, in London, 
 June 13, 1896. 
 
 Thomas, Llewelyn, physician, born in 
 1848. M.D., Brussels. He was surgeon to 
 the Central London Throat and Ear Hos- 
 pital ; Hon. physician to the R.A.M. and 
 G.S.M. ; lecturer on Vocal Physiology, T.C.L., 
 resigning in 1882. A Llewelyn Thomas Prize 
 was instituted at the R.A.M., 1877, and con- 
 tinued in memory of him. It is a Gold 
 Medal for declamatory English singing. Dr. 
 Thomas died in London, November 26, 1884. 
 
 Thomas, Robert Harold, pianist and 
 composer, born at Cheltenham, July 8, 1834. 
 IJe studied at the R.A.M. under Bennett, 
 Potter, and Blagrove, and played at concerts 
 in London from about 1850. He was a pro- 
 fessor of the pf. at the R.A.M. and the 
 Guildhall School of Music. He died at London, 
 July 29, 1885. 
 
 Works. — Overtures : Mountain, lake, and 
 moorland, Philharmonic Society, February 
 19,1880; "As you like it". .1864. Nocturnes, 
 fantasias, and numerous transcriptions for 
 the pf. Songs, etc. 
 
 Thomas, T. D., nrusiciau, compiled 
 " Sacred Harmony : a selection of church 
 music. . . .for the use of country choirs. . . ." 
 Winchester [1S15] . 
 
 Thomas, Thomas, see Aptommas. 
 
 Thomas, William Edwin, organist and 
 composer, born at Oxford in 1867. Chorister 
 at Christ Church at age of seven, and pupil 
 of Dr. Corfe ; at the same time playing 
 (Gregorian) services at St. Nicholas' Chapel, 
 Oxford. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1888; Mus. 
 Doc, 1894, Oxford. While still a chorister 
 he was selected four successive years by Sir 
 F. Ouseley to sing at his Festivals, St. 
 Michael's, Tenbury. After acting as deputy 
 at St. Paul's, Oxford, for some time, he was 
 
 THOMAS. 
 
 appointed to a church at Ellesboro', near 
 Tring ; but in a few moiiths he returned ta 
 Oxford as organist and choirmaster of St, 
 Mary and St. John, under Father Benson. 
 In 1886 he was appointed organist and music 
 master at All Saints', Bloxham, Banbury. 
 There he founded a Choral Society which did 
 good work. In 1894 he went to Bournemouth,, 
 obtaining the conductorship of the Boscombe 
 Philharmonic Society there, and in 1895 was 
 appointed to St. Clement's Church, which 
 posts he still holds. His conapositions com- 
 jjrise Psalm 71, for eight-part chorus and 
 orchestra (1893) ; Communion Service in F ;. 
 Magnificat and Nunc Dimittis in D ; A 
 prize madrigal (Brighton Philharmonic), 
 "And wilt thou weep?"; The School Song 
 of All Saints', Bloxham (words by J. H. T. 
 Goodwin, B.A.) ; serenade ; song, " The Holy 
 Child," etc. 
 
 Thomas, William Henry, pianist, or- 
 gauist, and conductor, born at Bath, May 8, 
 1848. Son of Lewis W. Thomas. Removed 
 with the family to Worcesttr, 1850, and fre- 
 quently sang with the choir boys in the 
 Cathedral, though not an enrolled member 
 of the choir. Went to London in 1856. His 
 studies were continued under his father for 
 singing, J. B. Zerbini for pf., J. H. B. Dando 
 violin, and E. J. Hopkins organ and harmony. 
 Has been organist successively at St. Andrew's,. 
 Lambeth ; St. Martin's, Ludgate Hill ; St. 
 George's, Tufuell Park from 1871 to present 
 time. Has deputised at Crystal Palace for 
 Jas. Coward, and at Chapel Royal for G. 
 Cooper ; was formerly much engaged a& 
 accompanist at the Novello Concerts at the 
 Albert Hall, etc. Conductor of Tufuell Park 
 Choral Society from 1879 ; Popular Ballad 
 Concerts ; Oratorios at the People's Palace ; 
 and an earnest worker in the cause of musical 
 education. Professor of singing at the Guild- 
 hall School from its foundation ; also at 
 R.A.M. Examiner for Associated Board,, 
 R.A.M. and R.C.M. Editor of " Major and 
 Minor Scales in various forms and rhythms." 
 His younger brother, Frank Lewis Thomas,. 
 studied at R.A.M. under W. G. Cusins and F. 
 Ralph, and, after leaving there, studied with 
 A. H. Thouless and C. S. Jekyll. His first 
 appointment was as organist of Christ Church,. 
 Lancaster Gate, while the late W. H. Monk 
 was choirmaster. From 1880 to present time 
 he has been organist and CM. of St. Mary's,. 
 Bromley, Kent. He founded the Bromley 
 Musical Society, in 1880, and has conducted 
 many important concerts each year since ;. 
 and has been frequently engaged as accom- 
 panist at the Covent Garden Promenade and 
 Queen's Hall Concerts. He has composed a 
 number of pieces for pf., and " I saw thee 
 weep," "The impress of the Creator," " Love's- 
 wherefore," and other songs. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 411 
 
 THOMPSON. 
 
 Thompson, Lady Henry, see Lodee, 
 Kate. 
 Thompson, General Thos. Perronet, 
 
 political writer and musician, born at Hull, 
 in 1783 ; died at Loudon, September 6, 1869. 
 Author of " Instructions to my Daughter for 
 playing on the enharmonic guitar, beiug an 
 attempt to effect the execution of correct har- 
 mony, on principles analogous to those of the 
 ancient euharmonic," London, 1829. "En- 
 harmonic theory of Music," London, 1829 ; 
 Second edition issued as " Theory and practice 
 of just intonation," London, 1850; Third ed.: 
 " Principles and practice of just intonation, 
 with a view of embodying the results of the 
 Sol-fa Associations, as illustrated on the en- 
 harmonic organ . . ," London, 1859. Ex- 
 ercises . . , London, 1842, 6 vols. ; contain- 
 ing Enharmonic of the ancients. Harmonics 
 of the violin. Musical periodicals, Jews harps, 
 etc. 
 
 Thomson, Alexandra, composer of pre- 
 sent time. Daughter of the Most Rev. W. 
 Thomson, Archbishop of York (1819-1890). 
 Studied under Dr. Naylor. Her setting of 
 Campbell's "Battle of the Baltic," for chorus 
 and orchestra, was produced October, 1890, 
 at the Festival at Hovingham, Yorkshire. 
 She has also composed some madrigals, "The 
 shepherd's elegy," " Holiday in Arcadia," op. 
 12, etc. 
 
 Thomson, Rev. Andrew Mitchell, 
 clergyman and musician, born at Sanquhar, 
 Dumfriesshire, in June, 1778, baptized July 
 11, 1778. He was successively minister of 
 Sprouston, Roxburgh, 1805-08 ; East Church, 
 Perth, 1808-10 ; New Greyfriars' Church, 
 Edinburgh, 1810-14 ; and St. George's Church, 
 Edinburgh, 1814-31. He died at Edinburgh, 
 February 9, 1831. Famous for his patronage 
 of R. A. Smith, and for his efforts to promote 
 good psalmody in the Church of Scotland. 
 Edited " Sacred harmony for the use of St. 
 George's Church, Edinburgh," 1820. He 
 composed " St. George's, Edinburgh," " Re- 
 demption," and other well-known psalm tunes 
 and some other pieces for the niusical service 
 of the church. 
 
 Thomson, Andrew, musician and vio- 
 linist, was born about 1792. Teacher and 
 violinist in Glasgow, where he died May 24, 
 1860. Author of a " New and improved Vio- 
 lin instructor," London, 1840. Compiler of 
 " Evenings in Scotland, acollection of Scottish 
 melodies," Glasgow [1845] ; " Selections from 
 the melodies of Scotland, with characteristic 
 words by W. H. Bellamy," London, 1851, 
 2 vols. 
 
 Another Andbew Thomson has published 
 the " Dance Music of Scotland, arranged as 
 sets, for dancing," Glasgow [1883], and dance 
 music for flute, pf. music, etc. 
 
 Thomson, Andrew D., composer and 
 
 THOMSON. 
 
 teacher, who resided in Glasgow, and was 
 teacher in the Free Church Normal School, 
 1846 till 1854. He held other appointments. 
 Author of " Training-School Song Book," 
 Glasgow, 1848-49, compiled with \Y. Sugden ; 
 " Union Sacred Music Chap-Book," Glasgow 
 [1853] ; Contributions to Mitchison's Psalm 
 books, etc. 
 
 Thomson, George, collector and editor, 
 born at Limekilns, Fife, March 4, 1757. 
 Secretary to the Board of Trustees for the 
 Encouragement of Arts and Manufactures in 
 Scotland, 1780. He died at Leith, February 
 18, 1851. Published " A Select Collection of 
 original Scottish airs for the voice, to each of 
 which are added introductory and concluding 
 Symphonies and accompanyments for the 
 pianoforte, violin, and violoncello [by Pleyel, 
 Kozeluch, Haydn, and Beethoven, vol. titles 
 differ], with select and characteristic verses 
 by the most admired Scottish Poets...." 
 London [1793-1841], 6 vols: v. 1,1793; 2, 
 1798 ; 3, 1799 ; 4, 1802 ; 5, 1818-1826 ; 6, 
 1841. Collection of the Songs of Burns, Sir 
 Walter Scott, and other eminent lyric poets, 
 ancient and modern, united to the select 
 melodies of Scotland, and of Ireland and 
 Wales, with symphonies and accompani- 
 ments for the pianoforte, by Pleyel, Haydn, 
 
 and Beethoven, etc London, 1822, 6 vols. 
 
 Select Collection of original Welsh airs, 
 adapted for the voice, united to characteristic 
 English poetry, with introductory and con- 
 cluding symphonies [by Haydn, Beethoven, 
 etc.], London, 1809, 3 vols. Select collection 
 of original Irish airs, united to characteristic 
 English poetry, with symphonies and accom- 
 paniments for the pianoforte, violin, and 
 violoncello, composed by Beethoven, London, 
 1814-16, 2 vols. Twenty Scottish melodies, 
 added in 1838-39 to G. Thomson's new edition 
 of the Melodies, Edinburgh, 1839. 
 
 Thomson was an enthusiastic musician, 
 and frequently gave musical parties and 
 nances in his house His neighbours objected 
 to the noise, and under cover of a new police 
 act, Thomson was proceeded against and an 
 injunction was obtained against him in the 
 police courts. This case gave rise to a con- 
 troversy to which Thomson contributed two 
 pamphlets — " Statement and review of the 
 recent decision of the judge of police in 
 Edinlmrgh, authorizing his officers to make 
 domiciliary visits in private families, and to 
 stop dancing," Edinburgh, 1807 ; and a four- 
 page " Postcript " on the same subject. 
 
 Thomson, James, musician, was pre- 
 centor of Lady Yester's Church, Edinburgh, 
 from 1800 to 1830. He was also a teacher of 
 music at Leith. Author of " Rudiments of 
 Music, to which is added a Collection of the 
 best church tunes, hymns, canons, and an- 
 thems." Edinburgh, 1778, 3rd edition, 1793. 
 
412 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 THOMSON. 
 
 Thomson, James, organist, composer 
 and teacher, born at Kendal, November 15, 
 1832. Studied at R.A.M. under Sterndale 
 Bennett and others. F. R.A.M. Has held 
 organ appointments at King's Lynn, Torquay, 
 Liverpool, and Belfast. Resident at Saffron 
 Walden, and Professor at the Training Col- 
 lege there, and at Cavendish College, Cam- 
 bridge. Of his compositions a symphony in 
 A was heard at Liverpool in 1869 ; and an 
 Ode to Hope (1880), and a cantata " The Lady 
 of the Lake, have been performed in public. 
 
 Thomson, John, composer, conductor, 
 and professor, born at Sprouston, Roxbi;rgh, 
 October 28, 1805. Son of the Rev. Andrew 
 M. Thomson. Became acquainted with Men- 
 delssohn in Edinburgh, and renewed his 
 acquaintance at Leipzig, where he studied 
 under Schnyder von Wartensee. Returned to 
 Edinburgh, and in 1839 became first Reid 
 Professor of Music at the University. Con- 
 ducted the first Reid Concert, February 12, 
 1841, at which for the first time analytical 
 programmes were used. He died at Edin- 
 burgh, May G, ISil. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Hermann, or the Broken 
 Spear, London, 1834 ; The House of Aspen, 
 London, 1834 ; The Shadow on the Wall, 
 London, 1835. Vocal Melodies of Scot- 
 land, with symphonies and accompaniments 
 by John Thomson and Finlay Dun, Edin- 
 burgh [1836], n.d. ; New Edition, 1880. 
 Minuetto for pf. and flute ; Capriccio for pf. 
 and violin. Bagatelle, 1831; Divertimento 
 (duet); Polonaises; and waltzes for pf. Songs: 
 Arab to his steed ; Blow light, thou balmy air ; 
 Cleveland's farewell to Minna ; Die tanti mci 
 tormenti ; Farewell, my love ; If here still I 
 linger ; Lady ! awake ; Love, art thou waking 
 or sleeping ? ; Love wakes and weejjs ; The 
 merrj' moonlight hour; Midnight Dream ; 0, 
 cauld to me ; ! sweet be your slumbers ; The 
 pirate's serenade ; Poor Camilla ; Song of 
 Harold Harfager; Song of the Rhenish peasant ; 
 Song of the Spanish maid ; The Savoyard's 
 return ; Where art thou ? ; Zara ! art thou 
 sleeping ? ; etc. 
 
 Thomson, Mrs., see Laidlaw, Anna 
 
 ROBENA. 
 
 Thomson, William, Scottish musician, 
 son of Daniel Thomson, King's Trumpeter in 
 Edinburgh. He went to London, and became 
 known as a singer. Published " Orpheus 
 Caledonius, or a collection of the best Scotch 
 songs set to Musick by W. Thomson," London 
 [1725] ; Second edition, London, 1733, 2 vols. 
 This is the earliest printed collection of Scots 
 songs with music and contains 50 melodies. 
 The selection issued by John Playford in 1700 
 as " Collection of original Scotch tunes," is 
 without the lyrics, which in Thomson's case, 
 were x^ilfered from Ranisay's " Tea table mis- 
 cellany " without acknowledgment. 
 
 THORNE. 
 
 Thorley, Thomas, English composer and 
 vocalist, who flourished at the end of the 18th 
 and beginning of the present centuries. He 
 composed a large amount of vocal and instru- 
 mental music, among which may be mentioned 
 an extraordinary piece of discriptive music 
 called "The Siege of Algiers, a characteristic 
 divertimento for the pf."..1820, containing 
 passages respecting rockets and bombs burst- 
 ing; ships on fire. Briton's triumph, christian 
 slavery abolished for ever ! etc. His other 
 works include, "Ten voluntaries for the organ 
 or harpsichord [1775] ; Epitaph hymn on the 
 death of the Princess Charlotte of Wales 
 [1817] ; Sacred cabinet, or divine repository, 
 containingoriginal hymns, etc., London [1818]. 
 
 Thorndike, Herbert Elliot, baritone 
 vocalist, born at Liverpool, April 7, 1851. 
 Educated at Cambridge University, and while 
 an undergraduate won the prize for baritone 
 at the National Music Lleetings, Crystal Pal- 
 ace, July 5, 1873. Studied at Milan under 
 Francesco Lamperti, and on his return to 
 England continued his studies with H. C. 
 Deacon and Alberto Randegger. Sang at 
 various concerts in London, and appeared at 
 the Norwich Festival, and the IMonday Popular 
 Concerts in 1884 ; Crystal Palace, etc. In 
 July, 1886, he sang at Drury Lane Theatre m 
 Herv^'s " Frivoli." 
 
 Thorne, Edward Henry, organist, 
 pianist, and composer, born at Crauborne, 
 Dorset, May 9, 1834. Musically educated at 
 St. George's Chapel, Windsor, under (Sir) 
 George Elvey. Organist successively at 
 Henley-on-Thames, 1853 ; Chichester Cathe- 
 dral, 1863; St. Patrick's, Brighton, 1870; 
 St. Peter's, Cranley Gardens, London, 1873 ; 
 St. Michael's, Cornhill, 1875 ; and St. Anne's, 
 Soho, 1891 to present time. He has given 
 concerts and pf. recitals in London, Brighton, 
 and other places, for a number cf years ; 
 recitals at Queen's Hall, 1895-6; and is 
 conductor of St. Anne's Choral and Orchestral 
 Society ; and societies at Clapham and 
 Worthing. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 57, for tenor solo, chorus, 
 and orchestra, St. James's Hall (Willing's 
 choir), February 26, 1884; Psalm 125; Mag- 
 nificat and Nunc Dimittis, for soli, chorus, 
 orchestra, and organ, composed for the Festival 
 of the Sons of the Clergy ; Church Services. 
 Anthems : All Thy works praise Thee ; Behold, 
 the Lord, the Ruler, is come ; In sweet 
 consent ; Let us now praise famous men 
 (men's voices) ; The Lord that brought us ; 
 and others. Sacred Music for the home 
 circle, 1859. Edited A Selection of single and 
 double chants (I860?), London, Hamilton. 
 Songs, various. Overture, Peveril of the 
 Peak (prize). Promenade Concerts, Covent 
 Garden, October 29, 1885. Two trios, pf. and 
 strings; Sonatas for pf. and violin, and pf. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 413 
 
 THORNE. 
 
 and 'cello ; Sonata Elegia, pf. Romance, i)f . 
 and 'cello ; Suite, pf . and clarinet, etc. 
 Original compositions for organ, seven books; 
 Organ pieces, various. 
 
 His son, Herbert Edw^ard, born at Hen- 
 ley-on-Thames, October 11, 1861, is a pianist 
 and organist. Appointed to All Souls', 
 South Hampstead ; St. Saviour's, Brixton, 
 1884; and to Clapham Parish Church, 1891. 
 He has appeared as pianist at his father's 
 concerts at Brighton, 1882, etc. His daughter 
 Beatrice, born in London, April 14, 1878, 
 made her dtbiit as a pianist at Princes' Hall 
 in 1888 ; played at Jersey the same year ; 
 Brighton, 1890 ; and at her father's recitals. 
 Queen's Hall, November, 1895; and 1896. 
 She has composed some pieces for pf., of 
 which a gavotte is published. 
 
 Thorne, George, comedian, son of the late 
 Richard Samuel Thorne, dramatic manager. 
 He has been associated with the D'Oyly Carte 
 travelling companies for many years ; and his 
 impersonations of the characters of Ko Eo, 
 Jack Point, the CJiancellor, and others in the 
 Gilbert-Sullivan operas, have been extremely 
 popular. 
 
 Thouless, A. H., pianist and composer. 
 Studied under James Harcourt at Norwich, 
 and at R.A.M. Was appointed a professor of 
 pf. at R.A.M. in 1867, and was also an Asso- 
 ciate. He produced his pf. concerto in E flat, 
 at the concerts of the International Exhibi- 
 tion, Kensington, 1873, himself playing the 
 solo part. As accompanist to various concert 
 parties, he toured in the provinces, 1877-80, 
 etc. He composed a Tantum Ergo, and O 
 Salutaris, that were performed at St. John's 
 (R.C.) Church, Norwich, 1883 ; and a "Hymn 
 to Diana," for soprano solo, and chorus, 1884. 
 He died about the year 1893. H. Thouless, 
 tenor vocalist, was for years a member of Nor- 
 wich Cathedral Choir. 
 
 Thudichum, Charlotte, soprano vocalist, 
 born at Kensington, London. Her father, 
 German by birth, is a physiciaii of repute, 
 F.R.C.O., and her mother is descended from 
 a French Huguenot family. Miss Thudichum 
 studied under Manuel Garcia at the R.A.IM., 
 and won the Parepa-Rosa Scholarship, 1880, 
 and the Westmorland, 1882. In Paris she 
 studied opera with Madame Viardot. Sang 
 at the ]\Ionday Popular and Crystal Palace 
 Concerts in 1883 ; for the Birmingham Festi- 
 val Choral Society, November 1884; and else- 
 where, early arriving at success. Took the 
 part (with Miss Macintyre) of Rebecca in 
 Sullivan's " Ivanhoe," 1891. Undertook a long 
 tour, with success, in Australia, 1896-7. 
 
 Thumoth, Burk, Irish musician and flute 
 player, of the latter part of last centurj'. He 
 issued " Six Solos for a German flute, violin, 
 or harpsichord " [1740] ; " Twelve Scotch and 
 twelve Irish airs," London [1775];" Forty- 
 
 TINNEY. 
 
 eight English, Irish, and Scotch airs with 
 variations," London [1785] . 
 
 Thunder, Henry Q., pianist and com- 
 poser, born near Dublin, February 10, 1882. 
 He studied under Thalberg, and settled as a 
 teacher and pianist in New York, where he 
 also held appointments as organist of St. 
 Augustine's, St. Clement's, and St. Stephen's- 
 Roman Catholic Churches. He died at New 
 York, December 14, 1881. Composer of church 
 music, songs, etc. 
 
 Thurnam, Edward, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Warwick, September 24, 1825. 
 Organist of Reigate Parish Church, 1849-1880 ; 
 and conductor of Reigate Choral Society. He 
 died at Reigate, November 25, 1880. Composer 
 of music for the church. Songs, and pf . music. 
 
 Tiagya Raj, composer, born at Trivadi,. 
 Tanjore, in the Presidency of Madras, India. 
 He was the composer of many sacred songs, 
 called Kruthis, and other pieces. He flour- 
 ished from about 1820-1840. 
 
 Tiley, Joseph Crispin, composer, was 
 born in 1843. He graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, in 1866, and Mus. Doc, in 1874. 
 Organist of Christ Church, Rotherhithe ; St. 
 Matthew's Episcopal Chapel, Westminster, 
 1862; St. Michael, Bassishaw, 1864. Gave 
 recitals, 1866. Being possessed of private 
 means he devoted himself chiefly to musical 
 composition, but only a few of his pieces were 
 published, and these chiefly in the Organists' 
 Quarterly Joiirnal, 1882-84. He died at Lon- 
 don, July 1, 1879. 
 
 Tilleard, James, editor and composer, 
 born in 1827 ; died, January 17, 1876. He 
 edited " Collection of sacred music, for the 
 use of schools," London, 1849; "Secular 
 music for schools," 1851 ; " The People's 
 Chant Book," 1858; "Patriotic Part-songs," 
 London [1864] , 19 Nos. Composer of Te 
 Deums, anthems, part-songs and songs. 
 
 Timbrell, Francis, musician of the 18th 
 centurj', issued " The Divine Musick Scholar's 
 Guide, with the famous IMr. Tho : Ravens- 
 croft's Psalm tunes in four parts, corrected 
 and revised. To which is added a choice 
 collection of new psalm tunes, hymns and 
 anthems. Also rules and directions for play- 
 ing on the spinnet, harpsichord, or organ," 
 London [1715]. 
 
 Tinney, Charles Ernest, bass vocalist, 
 born at Pimlico, liondon, March 15, 1851. 
 Chorister at Westminster Abbey, under J. 
 Turle. Sang at Alexandra Palace, April 1, 
 1876, in revival of Handel's " Susanna," and 
 at various concerts. In 1877 he was apx^ointed 
 to the choir of St. Paul's Cathedral, and pro- 
 fessor at the Guildhall School, 1883. These 
 he gave up for a professorship at the New 
 England Conservatory, Boston, U.S.A., re- 
 maining in x4merica four years. Returning to 
 England in 1890, he was aj)pointed professor 
 
414 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 TINBUTT. 
 
 of singing at the Royal Normal College for 
 the Blind, Trinity College, London, and other 
 institutions. He is choirmaster of All Saints', 
 Blackheath; and conductor of the Blackheath 
 Glee and Madrigal Club. He is the composer 
 of an Evening Service in D, several anthems, 
 songs, etc. 
 
 Tirbutt, John Charles Brettel, organ- 
 ist and conductor, born at Bromsgrove, 
 Worcestershire, March 30, 1857. Studied 
 under private teachers. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Durham, 1891. Has been organist of All 
 Saints', Reading, from 1879 ; organist to the 
 Reading Philharmonic, 1884 ; Conductor of 
 Berkshire Amateur Musical Society, and 
 lecturer in music University Extension College, 
 Reading, 1892. His compositions are Psalm 
 130, for soli, chorus and strings ; ' ' The Phantom 
 Ship," for chorus and orchestra, produced, 
 Reading, May 8, 1890 ; " The Vale of Pearls," 
 cantata for female voices ; anthems, songs, 
 part-songs, etc. 
 
 Tofts, Catherine, English soprano vocal- 
 ist, of the 18th century. She was the first 
 English vocalist who attempted Italian opera, 
 and appeared in " Arsinoe," " Camilla," 
 " Rosamond," and "Love's Triumph." She 
 is said to have been very avaricious, and was 
 continually mixed up in the broils and rivalry 
 which early beset the Italian opera in Eng- 
 land. Latterly she married Mr. Joseph Smi th, 
 British Consul at Venice. She was living in 
 Venice in 1735, and is supposed to have become 
 insane, but is said to have died in 1760. 
 
 Tolhurst, Qeorge, composer and organ- 
 ist, was born in 1827. He was a teacher in 
 London, and for some time acted as organist 
 of Melbourne Cathedral. He died at Barn- 
 staple, January 18, 1877. 
 
 Works. — Ruth, oratorio, Melbourne, 1867. 
 Christmas, song and chorus, 1846. Songs : 
 England the land of the free ; Fear thou not, 
 for I am with thee ; Little brown jug ; Pray 
 without ceasing; There's sunshine in the sky; 
 Whei» there's a will. His father, William 
 Henry Tolhurst, who was born on October 
 23, 1798, condVicted the first performance of 
 " Ruth " in Melbourne. He died there in 
 1873. Henry Tolhurst, brother of W. H. 
 and uncle of George, was born on April 19, 
 1778. Died after 1820. Composer of " Six 
 Anthems and six Psalms, for use of country 
 choirs " ; Chart Sutton [1810] ; Glee, " As I 
 saw fair Clora," etc. 
 
 Henry Tolhurst, violinist and composer, 
 born London, September 24, 1854, son of 
 Henry Tolhurst, brother of George [born 
 September 6, 1825 ; died at Maidstone, May 
 28, 1804] is conductor of the Lee (Kent) 
 Philharmonic Society. Author of Cramer's 
 Rudimentary Tutor for the violin [1891] ; 
 Gavottes, Berceuse, Andante, Allegretto, etc. 
 for violin ; also songs, etc. 
 
 TOMS. 
 
 Toilet, Thomas, author of " Directions 
 to play the French Flageolet " ; and composer, 
 with John Lenton, of " A Consort of Musick 
 in three parts," 1694; also of "Toilet's 
 Ground" [1720]. 
 
 Tomkins, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser, was born at Gloucester in 1586. He 
 became a chorister in Gloucester Cathedral. 
 Educated at Magdalen College, Oxford. Mus. 
 Bac, Oxon., 1G07. He studied under Byrd, 
 and became a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal 
 in 1621, and organist in 1621. Organist of 
 Worcester Cathedral. He died at Worcester, 
 in June, 1656. He composed " Songs of 3, 4, 
 5 and 6 parts," 1622 ; " Musica Deo Sacra et 
 Ecclesise Anglicanse, or Musick dedicated to 
 the Honor and Service of God..," London, 
 1664 (issued in 10 parts). 
 
 His father, the Rev. Thomas, who was a 
 minor canon in Gloucester Cathedral, com- 
 posed " The Faunes and Satirs tripping," 
 madrigal in the " Triumphs of Oriana." 
 
 His brother John (died, London, Septem- 
 ber 27, J 638), was organist of King's College, 
 Cambridge, 1606, and afterwards of St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, London. 
 
 Another brother, Giles, was organist suc- 
 cessively of King's College, Cambridge, and 
 Salisbury Cathedral, till his death in 1668. 
 
 Tomlins, William Lawrence, conduc- 
 tor and teacher of singing, born in London, 
 February 4, 1844. Studied under G. A. Mac- 
 farren and E. Silas. Settled in America, 
 1869. Conductor of Apollo Glee Club, Chicago, 
 from 1875 ; Choral Director, Chicago Exhibi- 
 tion, 1893. Member of American College of 
 Musicians. Author of a work on Elementary 
 vocal tuition, " Children's Songs, and how to 
 sing them," Boston, Ditson, 1885 (?) A paper 
 on " Music and Education," delivered at 
 Indianapolis, February, 1897, etc. 
 
 Tomlinson, Henrietta, see Midgley, 
 Samuel. 
 
 Tomlinson, Richard, composer and 
 conductor, born at Sheffield, August 22, 1822. 
 Self-taught in music. Choirmaster since 
 about 1860 of the I'rimitive Methodist Chapel, 
 Heeley, near Sheffield. Composer of " Orig- 
 inal Tmres, Anthems, etc.," 1879, etc., and of 
 various hymns, etc. 
 
 Toms, Charles James, pianist, born at 
 Devonport, July, 1824. Son of Jasies Toms, 
 professor of music at Plymouth. Entered 
 R.A.M. about 1839, studying harp and pf. 
 under J. B. Cliatterton, F. B. Jewson, and 
 Cipriani Potter. King's Scholar, 1841. 
 Settled in Liverpool, 1844, on leaving the 
 Academy, when he was made an Associate, 
 and later, elected a Fellow. Was pianist to 
 the Liverpool Philharmonic Society, and a 
 successful teacher. Died about 1880. 
 
 John R. Toms, organist of St. John's, 
 Wellington, Somerset, has been many years 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 415 
 
 TONKING. 
 
 engaged in that town as teacher and concert 
 giver. His son, Edward John Kelway Toms, 
 born January 25, 1863, studied at R. A.M. He 
 was a skilful organist ; gave recitals at the 
 Fisheries Exhibition, Kensington, 1883; con- 
 certs at Wellington, etc. A promising career 
 was cut short by his death, of typhoid fever, 
 August 24, 1890, at the age of 27. 
 
 Tonking, Henry Charles, violinist, 
 organist, and composer, born at Camborne, 
 Cornwall, January 17, 1863. He was taught 
 the violin by his father, a very clever amateur, 
 and when quite a child appeared at concerts 
 in different parts of Cornwall. He then 
 studied under J. H. ISfeinn, of Penzance, and 
 in 1876 was appointed organisf of Illogan 
 Parish Church, Cornwall. In 1881 he entered 
 the R.A.M., studying under Sainton, Steggall, 
 Prout, G. A. Macfarren, and others. He was 
 organist of Westminster Chapel, 1883; the 
 Royal Aquarium, 1886; Covent Garden Opera, 
 1888; and at different churches, the last 
 being St. Lawrence, Jewry. As a recitalist 
 he has been heard at the different exhibitions 
 at South Kensington ; and has played at the 
 Earl's Court Exhibitions, 1892-5; Edinburgh, 
 Glasgow, and St. George's Hall, Liverpool ; 
 and was one of those selected to compete for 
 the Birmingham Town Hall appointment in 
 1888. He has been violinist in the orchestras 
 of the Royal Italian Opera ; Leeds and 
 Norwich Festivals ; and, with Bernard 
 Carrodus, has given organ and violin recitals 
 in various parts with much success. He is 
 now devoting himself to composition, and has 
 published All the world to me ; Do you love 
 me ? and other songs ; organ pieces, etc. 
 
 Topliff, Robert, organist and composer, 
 was born in 1793. He was organist of Holy 
 Trinity, Southwark, London. Died at Lon- 
 don in 1868. He was blind. Editor of 
 " Selection of the most popular melodies of 
 the Tyne and Wear, harmonised, with appro- 
 priate words, symphonies, etc.," London 
 [1820]; " Scripture Melodies, the words from 
 Holy Writ," London, 2 vols, n.d. ; Six Sabbath 
 Melodies, 1844 ; Original Sabbath Melodies, 
 issued in parts. Snngs : Consider the lilies, 
 Heaven our home. How blest were I in yonder 
 cot. Let the night darken in. Look from thy 
 lattice, Spirit's call, etc. 
 
 Torrance, Rev. George William, com- 
 poser, born at Rathmines, Dublin, 1835. 
 Chorister, Christ Church Cathedral, and later, 
 organist of St. Andrew's and St. Anne's, 
 Dublin. In 1856 visited Leipzig for further 
 study in music. Graduated B.A., 1864 ; M. A., 
 1867, Dublin. Ordained Deacon, 1865 ; 
 Priest, 1866. In 1869 he emigrated to 
 Australia, settling in Melbourne. Ten years 
 later the degrees of Mus. Bac. and Mus. Doc. 
 were conferred upon him by Trinity College, 
 Dublin, on the recommendation of Sir 
 
 TORRINGTON. 
 
 Robert P. Stewart, professor of music at the 
 University. Member of the Board of Exam- 
 iners in Music under the Education Depart- 
 ment of A^ictoria ; Mus. Doc, ad cundem, 
 Melbourne University ; Incumbent of Holy 
 Trinity, Balaclava until 1895, when he was 
 preferred to St. John's, Melbourne. Author 
 of several papers on music. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios : Abraham, produced 
 in Dublin, 1855; The Captivity, Dublin, 1864; 
 The Revelation, Melbourne, June, 1882. Te 
 Deum and Jubilate. Anthems and services. 
 Opera, William of Normandy. Part-songs. 
 Songs : Angel of Light, with 'cello obligate ; 
 The Land beyond the Sea, etc. 
 
 Torrington, Frederick Herbert, con- 
 ductor, organist, violinist, and pianist, born 
 at Dudley, Worcestershire, October 20, 1837. 
 His early studies were under local teachers, 
 and he was afterwards articled to ]\Ir. James 
 Fitzgerald, of Kidderminster. In 1853, he 
 was appointed organist and choirmaster at 
 St. Anne's, Bewdley ; and in 1856 he left 
 England for Montreal, Canada, where he 
 became organist of Great St. James's Church, 
 an office he held for twelve years. While 
 there he was solo violinist, leader of orches- 
 tras, conductor, and for a time bandmaster 
 of the 25th Regiment, King's Own Borderers, 
 organ recitalist, etc. He was invited to furnish 
 an orchestral contingent to represent Canada 
 at the Peace Jubilee, Boston, in 1872 ; and 
 was offered and accepted the position of or- 
 ganist and music director at King's Chapel, 
 Boston, remaining there four years, teaching 
 at the New England Conservatory of Music, 
 and being one of the first violins in the Har- 
 vard Symphony, Handel and Haydn, and other 
 societies. Gave recitals at Plymouth Church, 
 Brooklyn (Ward Beecher's). In 1873 he ac- 
 cepted the post of organist and choir-master 
 at the Metropolitan Church, Toronto, Canada, 
 and conductor of the Toronto Philharmonic 
 Society, holding both appointments to the 
 present time. By his energy and skill the 
 musical resources of the district were developed 
 and in 1886 the first Toronto Festival 
 was held under his direction. Since that 
 time he has introduced many important cona- 
 positions. He founded the Toronto College 
 of Music in 1888, of which he has been musi- 
 cal director to the present time, doing much 
 for the cause of musical education. In 1891, 
 he made a tour of Europe, visiting the great 
 music schools and studying their organiza- 
 tions. He conducted the festival at the in- 
 auguration of the new Massey Music Hall, 
 Toronto, June, 1894 ; the Jubilee performance 
 of " Elijah," Massey Hall, November 28, 1896, 
 and is actively engaged in promoting the 
 cause of music in Canada. He has composed 
 church services, hymn-tunes, choruses and 
 songs ; organ voluntaries, etc. 
 
416 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 TOSH. 
 
 Tosh, James Westwood, teacher and 
 conductor, born at Dundee, January 16, 1849, 
 Has been chiefly engaged in music teaching 
 in connection with the School Boards of 
 Jarrovv, Sunderland, and London. Author 
 of " The Musical Inspection, and how to pre- 
 pare for it," London (Curwen), 1888 ; " Sight- 
 singing, voice and ear training for Schools," 
 1889, etc. 
 
 Towers, John, organist and writer on 
 music, born at Salford, Lancashire, February 
 18, 1836. Chorister in Manchester Cathedral 
 and afterwards studied at R.A.M., 1856, and 
 with Adolph Marx, Berlin, 1857. Organist of 
 Wilmslow Parish Church, 1863 ; St. Stephen's 
 Gonell, Manchester, and conductor of glee 
 societies at Rochdale and neighbourhood for 
 some years. Went to America, and in 1890 
 was appointed director of the vocal dejDart- 
 ment in the School of Music, Indianapolis ; 
 and in 1892, to Utica Conservatorium. Au- 
 thor of " Beethoven, a Centenary Memoir ;" 
 " The Mortality of Musicians ;" a lecture ; 
 " Some Lancashire-born Musical Worthies" 
 (1888), etc. 
 
 Towerson, Rev. Gabriel, D.D., clergy- 
 man and writer, born in 1635. Rector of St. 
 Andrew Undershaft. He died in 1697. Author 
 of " A Sermon concerning Vocal and Instru- 
 mental Musick in the Church," London, 1696. 
 
 Townsend, Horace, author of " An 
 Account of the visit of Handel to Dublin." 
 Dublin, 1852. "The moral uses of music, a 
 lecture." Dublin, 1862. 
 
 Townsend, John, flute player and author, 
 born in Yorkshire about 1795. He studied 
 under Miiller and Ware, and was a teacher 
 and performer in Manchester. He died at 
 Lytham on April 2, 1864. Author of " New 
 and comiDlete Flute preceptor." London, n.d. 
 
 Townsend, Mrs., author of a "Floral 
 music book for young learners." London, 1862. 
 
 Townsend, Pauline D., author of 
 "Haydn." London, 1884. Published in the 
 Great Musicians Series, and translator of Otto 
 Jahn's " Mozart," 3 vols. London, Novello, 
 1882. 
 
 Townsend, William, pianist and teacher, 
 was born at Edinburgh, November 26, 1849, 
 He studied at the Royal Academy of !Music, 
 London (1865-68), under Bennett, Goss, 
 Holmes, etc., and afterwards at Leipzig 
 (1871-72), under E. F. Richter and Reinecke. 
 In 1870 he became an Associate of the R.A.M., 
 and has acted as an examiner for the Royal 
 College of Music since 1883. He has given 
 many recitals of high-class music in Edin- 
 burgh. 
 
 Towsey, Arthur, conductor and organist, 
 was musically educated at St. Michael's Col- 
 lege, Tenbury. He went to New Zealand, 
 and is now conductor of the Auckland Or- 
 chestral Union. He has given some excellent 
 
 TRAVERS. 
 
 concerts, and done good work. At the Well- 
 ington Industrial Exhibition, 1896-7, he gave 
 a series of organ recitals. 
 
 Tozer, Augustus Edmonds, organist 
 and composer, born at Sutton, Cheshire, 
 January 13, 1857. Studied at R.A.M., and 
 was City of London Scholar, National Train- 
 ing School, Kensington. F.R.C.O., 1876; 
 L.R.A.M. (pf. performer), 1882 ; A.R.C.M. 
 (theory and composition), 1887. Mus. Bac, 
 Durham, 1893 ; Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1895, and 
 qualified for Mus. Doc, November of the 
 same year. Appointed organist and choir- 
 master, St. Mary Magdalene, St. Leonards- 
 on-Sea, and choirmaster. Holy Trinity, Hast- 
 ings, 1876 ; Hon. organist, St. Mary, Star-of- 
 the-Sea, Hastings, 1884; St. Gregory's Priory 
 Church, Cheltenham, 1885 ; Church of the 
 Sacred Heart, West Brighton, 1888. In 1890- 
 he received from Pope Leo XIII., the order of 
 Chevalier of the Pontifical Order of St. 
 Sylvester, for his services to Roman Catholic 
 Church Music He has composed six Masses ; 
 Te Deum ; IMotets ; Magnificats ; Antiphons, 
 etc. Editor of Catholic hymns, with accom- 
 panying tunes ; Complete Benediction IManual ; 
 and Modern Church Music for Catholic Choirs. 
 
 Tozer, Ferris, organist, tenor vocalist,, 
 and composer, born at Exeter, November 8, 
 1857. Chorister, Exeter Cathedral, and pupil 
 of Alfred Angel and D. J. Wood. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, 1891; Mus. Doc, 1896, Oxford. 
 At eighteen he was appointed organist of St. 
 David's, Exeter ; and in 1882, of St. Michael's, 
 Heavitree, Exeter. Well-known in the Wes- 
 tern and Southern Counties as a tenor vocalist. 
 He holds a position in the Devon and Corn- 
 wall Bank, Exeter. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 3, for soli, chorus, and 
 strings ; oratorio, Baalam aiid Barak, pro- 
 duced at the Western Counties' Musical 
 Association Festival, Exeter, April 22, 1897 ; 
 cantata. King Neptune's Daughter, female 
 voices. Morning and evening service in F ; 
 Benedicite ; Kyries, etc. Postlude in D 
 minor, organ. Songs, of which Lead Kindly 
 Light has acquired much popularity. Pieces 
 for pf., etc. The flight of Summer, prize, 
 Exeter Madrigal Society. Edited and ar- 
 ranged a book of Sailors' songs or chanties 
 (collected by Capt. F. J. Davis, of the P. & 0. 
 Service), London, Boosey, 1887. 
 
 Traubner, Eliza, see Kindock, Eliza. 
 
 Travers, John, composer and organist^ 
 born about 1703. Chorister in St. George's 
 Chapel, Windsor. He studied under Greene 
 and Pepusch, and became organist of St. 
 Paul's, Covent Garden, 1725, and afterwards 
 organist at Fulham. Organist of Chapel Royal 
 May 10, 1737. He died in 1758. Published 
 " The Whole Book of Psalms for one, two, 
 three, four, and five voices, with a Thorough 
 Bass for the Harpsichord," London, 1746, 2 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 417 
 
 TRAVIS. 
 
 vols. " Eighteen Canzonets for two and three 
 Voices, the words chiefly by Matthew Prior," 
 London [1745]. " Twelve Canzonets for two 
 and three Voices." Anthems: Ascribe unto 
 the Lord ; Ponder my words ; Keep, we beseech 
 Thee, Lord. XII. Voluntaries for the organ 
 or harpsichord [1760]. Songs: Bibs, Bright 
 author of my present flame ; Haste my 
 Nanette ; When vernal airs, etc. 
 
 Travis, Deborah, see Knvyett, Deborah. 
 
 Tree, Anna Maria, mezzo-soprano vocalist 
 and actress, born at London in 1802. Sister 
 of ]Mrs. Charles Kean. She studied under 
 Lanza and Tom Cooke, making her first 
 appearance at Bath, as Polly, in the Beggar's 
 Opera, 1818. Afterwards she appeared at 
 Covent Garden as Rosina, in the Barber of 
 Seville, 1819, and from that time till her 
 marriage in 1825 to Mr. James Bradshaw, a 
 rich tea merchant and member of parlianaent, 
 she was a popular singer and actress. In May, 
 1823, she sang in Payne and Bishop's "Clari, 
 the Maid of Milan," being the first to sing 
 " Home, sweet home," and her other parts 
 were chiefly in minor English opera. She 
 died at London, February 17, 1862. Her 
 sister, Ellen Tree (1805-1880), was the cele- 
 brated actress who was married to Charles 
 Kean. She also had a voice of some sweet- 
 ness and power. — This cancels the notice 
 under Bradshaw on page 57. 
 
 Tregarthen, William Coulson, organ- 
 ist, born at Penzance, September 17, 1856. 
 Articled pupil of George Riseley, and pupil of 
 Dr. S. S. Wesley. Mus. Bac, Trinity College, 
 Toronto, 1892. Went to South Africa, where 
 he has held organ ax^pointments at the Col- 
 legiate Church of St. Mary's, Port Elizabeth ; 
 Queenstown, and other places ; and is now 
 organist of St. George's Church, Johannes- 
 burg. He has given organ recitals and con- 
 certs, and done good work in the cause of 
 musical education in the country where he 
 has made his home. 
 
 Treherne, Qeorgina, see Weldon Geor- 
 
 GINA. 
 
 Tremain, T., organist and composer of 
 latter part of the 18th century. Composed 
 " Thirteen Canzonets for two voices, op, 5 " 
 [1786] ; Brown Jugg, canzonet for two voices 
 [1780] ; Do not ask me, charming Phyllis 
 (3 voices) 1780 ; Six Sonatas for the Harpsi- 
 chord or Pf., op. 4 ; Six Concertos for strings, 
 oboes, and horns [1790]. 
 
 Trembath, Henry Qough, organist and 
 composer, born at Penzance, Cornwall, July 
 29, 1844. Studied at R.A.M. Graduated 
 Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1869; hon. fellow. Col- 
 lege of Organists, 1875 ; organist at Truro : 
 and from 1874 at St. John Baptist, Wood- 
 lands, Isleworth. Composer of a Sonata in 
 D minor, Impromptu, and other pf . pieces ; 
 Songs, One Day, The Miner and his boy, etc. ; 
 
 TROMAN. 
 
 also an anthem. Let not your hearts be 
 troubled. 
 
 Trew, Charles A., pianist and composer 
 of present time. Sometime organist of St. 
 Paul's, Rusthall, Tunbridge Wells. Resi- 
 dent in London, where for some time he has 
 given annual concerts. His compositions 
 embrace a trio for pf. and strings, Musical 
 Artists' Society, 1884 ; Sonata in D minor ; 
 Romance ; and other pieces for violin and 
 pf. Author of Harmony Lessons, adapted 
 for classes, London, Schott, 1888. His wife, 
 Susan Trew, is also a pianist and composer, 
 and among her works a sonata for violin and 
 pf. was produced by the Musical Artists' 
 Society, June 26, 1893. 
 
 Trickett, Arthur, organist, pianist, and 
 composer, born at Coventry. P.R.C.O. Held 
 organ appointments at Coventry ; Holy 
 Trinity, Birmingham ; and Hackney Parish 
 Church. Conductor of Coventry Musical 
 Society to 1833 ; societies in Birmingham 
 and London. Appeared as pianist at con- 
 certs in Birmingham, etc. Composer of 
 musical sketches for pf . and orchestra ; Not- 
 turno, Capriccietto, and other pieces for pf.. 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 Trimnell, — ., the oldest lay clerk of 
 Bristol Cathedral. Died at Clifton, January 
 23, 1865, having retired on a pension several 
 years previously. He was a sound and en- 
 thusiastic musician, and much respected. 
 
 Thomas Tallis Trimnell, his son, was 
 born at Bristol, and at the age of eight became 
 a chorister in the cathedral, afterwards being 
 articled to J. D. Corfe, cathedral organist. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1875. He held 
 organ appointments at Clifton, Chesterfield, 
 Sheffield Parish Church, 1875-86. Director 
 of Derby Choral Union, 1882 In 1886 he 
 went to New Zealand, and was organist at St. 
 Mary's, Parnell, Auckland ; and later of St. 
 Peter's, Wellington. He was well known as 
 an executant, giving recitals at the Bow and 
 Bromley Institute, Albert Hall, Sheffield, etc. 
 In New Zealand he has given recitals in 
 different places. He has composed church 
 services and anthems, "The Earth is the 
 Lord's " was performed at the opening of the 
 Wellington Exhibition, November 18, 1896. 
 His brother, William Frederick, was also 
 a chorister in Bristol Cathedral. Organist 
 and Musical Director, Clifton College, to 1896, 
 when he resigned. 
 
 Trinks, C, organist of St. John's Church, 
 Calcutta, edited " Hindoostanee Songs," Cal- 
 cutta, n.d. 
 
 Troman, Thomas, organist and composer, 
 born at Old Hill, Cradley, Worcester, March 
 21, 1839. Studied under local teachers, and 
 was organist of Cradley Parish Church in 
 1848. Then appointed to Rowley Regis, 1855 ; 
 Halesowen, 1862 ; Smethwick Old Church, 
 
41H 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 TROTTER. 
 
 1869 ; St. John's, Ladywood, Birmingham, 
 1880; Handsworth Parish Church, 1882. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1875. Con- 
 ducted the first Festival of Choirs of Hands- 
 worth Rural Deanery, 1885. Invested as 
 Grand Organist, Grand Lodge of Mark 
 Masons, 1889. Went to Boulogne, 1889, as 
 organist of St. John's Church ; and in 1892 
 was appointed to St. George the Martyr, Deal. 
 Conductor of Deal and Walmer Choral Society. 
 His compositions include Psalm 137, for soli, 
 chorus, and orchestra ; services, anthems, etc. 
 Pieces for organ, Melodie for pf. organ, viola, 
 'cello, and bassoon; Romance, 'cello, and pf., 
 etc. 
 
 Trotter or Trotere, Henry, composer, 
 born in London, December 24, 1855. Com- 
 poser of a number of songs : Once for all ; 
 Toreador, Hola ! Leonore ; The Deathless 
 Army ; Asthore ; Ever dear ; Love can wait, 
 etc. 
 
 Trotter, Thomas Henry Yorke, organ- 
 ist and composer, was born at Great Stainton, 
 Durham, November 6, 1854. Educated at 
 Durham School, and at Oxford. Graduated 
 B.A., 1878 ; M.A., 1887 ; Mus. Bac, 1887 ; 
 Mus. Doc, 1892, Oxford. He is Director of 
 Studies at the London Organ School, and is 
 the composer of a number of works, which 
 mostly remain in MS. 
 
 Troup, Emily Josephine, composer of 
 present time Of her songs may be named 
 Spring showers ; On a faded violet ; Portu- 
 guese love song, etc. She has also written 
 Song by the river ; Hark ! the lark ; Trios for 
 ladies' voices; Two sketches, violin and pf., 
 etc. 
 
 Troutbeck, Rev. John, clergyman and 
 musician, born at Blencowe, Cumberland, 
 November 12, 1832. He was educated at 
 Oxford, and graduated B.A., 1856 ; M.A., 1858. 
 From 1865 to 1869 he was precentor of Man- 
 chester Cathedral, and in 1869 he became 
 canon of Westminster. He has published 
 "The Manchester Psalter," 1868; Manchester 
 Chant Book, 1871 ; "The Cathedral Paragraph 
 Psalter," Novello, n.d. ; "Hymn Book for use 
 in Westminster Abbey" ; " Music Primer for 
 Schools," London, 1873 (with Reginald F. 
 Dale), other editions ; " Church Choir Train- 
 ing," London [1879]. English words for 
 Beethoven's " Mount of Olives," Gade's 
 "Crusaders," Wagner's "Flying Dutchman," 
 etc. 
 
 Trowbridge, Leslie, soprano vocalist, 
 studied at R.A.M. Gave her first concert in 
 the R.A.M. concert room. May 16, 1883 ; and 
 has given concerts at the Portland Rooms, 
 etc. She is the composer of a Mass in D ; 
 My rose ; Our love ; and other songs. 
 
 Troyte, Arthur Henry Dyke, born 
 AcLAND, amateur musician, was born at Kill- 
 erton, near Exeter, May 3, 1811. He was 
 
 TUDWAY. 
 
 second son of Sir Thomas Dyke Acland of 
 Killerton, and was educated at Harrow and 
 Oxford. He studied for the bar, and also 
 was much engaged in scientific pursuits. In 
 1852 he changed his name to Troyte. He died 
 at Bridehead, near Dorchester, Dorset, June 
 19, 1857. He composed the well-known chants 
 bearing his name which were composed at the 
 request of Bishop Hamilton of Salisbury, and 
 first appeared in the ' ' Salisbury Hymn Book," 
 1857. He also composed a number of hymns, 
 and wrote " Liturgia Domestica," a book of 
 family prayers ; " The Hours " ; " Daily step.? 
 towards heaven " ; and "Letters on Musical 
 Notation," London, 1841. 
 
 Trust, Helen Mary, born Stark, soprano 
 vocalist, born at Norwich. Great-niece of the 
 artist James Stark. Educated at Norwich 
 and Paris. Sang for some time as an amateur. 
 Studied chiefly in London under Signor 
 Tramezzani, of Naples. One of her earliest 
 professional appearances was in the Town 
 Hall, Birmingham, in October, 1887. In the 
 season 1891-2, she frequently sang at the 
 ]\Ionday Popular Concerts ; at the Leeds 
 Festival, 1892 ; and at the production of 
 Barnett's "Wishing Bell," and Gaul's "Una," 
 at the Norwich Festival, 1893. She formed 
 one of the party in Madame Patey's farewell 
 tour, and was with that artist when she died. 
 Mrs. Trust now holds a high position among 
 vocalists of the time. 
 
 Trydell, Rev. John, author of " Two 
 Essays on the theorv and practice of ]\Iusic," 
 Dublin, 1766. 
 
 Tubbs, Mrs. F. Cecilia, translator of 
 Dr. Joseph Schliiter's "General History of 
 Music," London, 1865. 
 
 Tucker, Isaac, composer, of Westbury 
 Leigh, Wilts ; born in 1761 ; died in 1825. 
 Composer of " Sacred Music, consisting of 
 melodies composed for three and four voices," 
 London [1800] ; " Sacred Music, consisting 
 of Psalm and Hymn tunes," London [1810]. 
 
 Tucker, Rev. William, composer of the 
 17th century. He was a gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal, and a minor canon and pre- 
 centor of Westminster Abbey, 1660. He died 
 at London, February 28, 1678, and was buried 
 in Westminster Abbey. Composer of anthems 
 and other Church music. 
 
 Tudway, Thomas, composer and or- 
 ganist of the 17th century, was born about 
 1650. He was a chorister in the Chapel 
 Royal under Dr. Blow, from 1660. Lay- 
 vicar St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 1664. 
 Organist of King's College, Cambridge, 1670. 
 Instructor of choristers. King's College, 1679- 
 80. Organist of Pembroke College. Mus. 
 Bac, Cantab., 1681. Professor of music 
 in Cambridge University, 1704. Mus. Doc, 
 Cantab, 1705. Suspended from his Univer- 
 sity offices, 3 706-7. Resigned his organ at 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 419 
 
 TULLY. 
 
 King's College in 1726, and retired to London, 
 where he employed himself in forming a 
 collection of music for Edward (Lord Harley) 
 Earl of Oxford. He died in 1730. 
 
 Works. — A Collection of the most cele- 
 brated Services and Anthems used in the 
 ■Ciiurch of England, from the Reformation 
 to the Restoration of K. Charles II , com- 
 posed by the best masters and collected by 
 Thomas Tudway..," 6 vols [1715-1720], now 
 preserved in MS. in the British Museum, 
 London. Of this collection a list will be 
 found in the British Museum Catalogue of 
 MS. Music. From it a number of services 
 and anthems have been printed at various 
 times. Tudway composed various anthems, 
 motets, services, and songs. 
 
 Tully, James Howard, composer and 
 ■conductor, born in 1814. He was conductor 
 of the opera at Drury Lane Theatre and 
 elsewhere. He died at London, January 28, 
 1868. 
 
 Works. — Operas : The Desert, 1847 ; Forest 
 maiden, 1847; Island Jewels, 1850; King 
 ■Charming, 1851 ; Loan of a Lover, 1834 ; Rape 
 of the Lock, 1837 ; William and Susan, 1859. 
 Songs : Happy muleteer, I'm a light bright 
 water sprite, Kattv IMoyle, Lovely May, 
 Noreen, Summer hours, etc. Dance music 
 for pf., etc. 
 
 Tunsted, Simon, English Franciscan 
 monk and Doctor of Theology, born at 
 Norwich early in the 14th century. He died 
 at Bruzard, Suffolk, 1369. Author of " De 
 IMusica Continua et Discreta cum Diagram- 
 matibus," and " De Quatuor Principalibus in 
 quibus totius INIusicje Radices Consistuut," 
 two works preserved in MS. in the Bodleian 
 Library, Oxford. 
 
 Turges, Edmund, musician and com- 
 poser of the 15th century. One of the con- 
 tributors to the Fayrfax MSS. in the British 
 museum. An anthem : " Enforce yourself 
 as God's own knight," was published by 
 Novello m 1894. 
 
 Turle, James, organist, composer, and 
 writer, born at Somerton, Somerset, March 5, 
 1802. Chorister in Wells Cathedral, 1810-13. 
 Organist of Christ Church, Southwark, 1819- 
 1829, and of St. James', Bermondsey, 1829-31. 
 Assistant organist to Greatores at Westminster 
 Abbey till 1831, and succeeded him as organist 
 and master of the choristers, 1831. Music- 
 master at the School for the Indigent Blind, 
 1829-56. He died at London, June 28, 1882. 
 
 Works. — Art of Singing at Sight (with E. 
 Taylor), London, 1846. Psalms and Hymns, 
 1855. Psalms and Hymns for public worship, 
 with appropriate tunes, London, 1863, 1864, 
 1869. Hymns for public worship, revised, 
 1863. Psalter and Canticles, with Chants, 
 London, 1865. Child's own Tune Book, 1865. 
 The People's Music Book (with E. Taylor), 
 
 TURNER. 
 
 London, n.d. Edited Wilbye's First Set of 
 Madrigals, for the ]Musical Antiquarian 
 Society, 1841. Single and Double Chants, 
 composed for the use of the Choral Service of 
 Westminster Abbey. The Westminster Abbey 
 Chant Book, with Dr. J. F. Bridge, n.d. 
 Church Services in D, E flat, etc. Anthems : 
 Almighty and most merciful God ; Hear iiiy 
 crying, O God ; The Lord that made heaven 
 and earth ; This is the day which the Lord 
 hath made ; Arise and help, etc. Hymn 
 tunes and chants. 
 
 His cousin, William Turle, born at 
 Taunton in 1795, was organist of St. Mary's, 
 Taunton, and composed glees, a number of 
 dances for pf., and issued arrangements from 
 Beethoven. Robert Turle, brother of James, 
 born at Taunton, March 19, 1804, was organist 
 of Armagh Cathedral from 1823 to 1872. He 
 died at Salisbury, March 26, 1877. Henry 
 Frederick Turle, son of James, was born in 
 Lambeth, London, July 23, 1835 ; died, 
 London, June 28, 1883. He was a journalist 
 and writer. 
 
 Turnbull, John, composer and writer, 
 born at Paisley, January 12, 1804. He was 
 precentor of New Church, Ayr, 1827, and 
 afterwards precentor of St. George's Church, 
 Glasgow, 1833. He died at Glasgow, Novem- 
 ber 1, 1844. Published "A selection of or- 
 iginal Sacred Music, in vocal parts . . adapted 
 to the various metres used in Presbyterian 
 churches and chapels . . Glasgow, 1833 (form- 
 ing vol. 6 of Steven's Sacred Music). "The 
 Sacred Harp, a selection of the most approved 
 sacred melodies, ancient and modern.... by 
 Robert Burns. Edited with a complete course 
 of initiatory lessons and practical examples 
 in the art of Singing, by John Turnbull," 
 Glasgow [1840] , 2 editions. The Garland of 
 Scotia, a musical wreath of Scottish Songs, 
 with descriptive and historical notes, Glasgow, 
 1841 (with Patrick Buchan). Easy and pro- 
 gressive exercises in Singing and in reading 
 music, Glasgow, n.d. Six Glees, for three 
 and four voices, Glasgow, n.d. He issued an 
 edition of R. A. Smith's Devotional Music, 
 and composed a number of anthems, psalms, 
 and songs, of which " Jeannie Lee" and 
 " Thistle and the Briar " are the best. 
 
 Turnbull, Thomas, musician of early 
 part of the present century. Compiler of 
 " The British Musical Miscellany, being a 
 collection of Scotch, English, and Irish songs, 
 set to music with proper keys for the voice, 
 violin, German flute, and military fife," 
 Edinburgh, 1805. 
 
 Turner, Austin T., organist, composer, 
 and conductor, born at Bristol, 1823. Was a 
 chorister there, and for some time a vicar 
 choral at Lincoln Cathedral. In 1854 he went 
 to Australia, and settled at Ballarat, which 
 has since been his home. As singing master 
 
420 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 TURNER. 
 
 to the Government School, and conductor of 
 the Philharmonic Society, he did much to 
 promote the study of music. He conducted 
 the Harmonic Society, formed in 1864, and 
 apparently the successor to the Philharmonic, 
 which in some seasons gave as many as six 
 concerts. At the last concert vi'e find any 
 record of, Good Friday, 1875, he conducted a 
 performance of his cantata, " Adoration," pro- 
 duced at Melbourne, in November, 1874. 
 His compositions include two Masses (per- 
 formed in ]Melbourne) ; two ]\Iarches for 
 orchestra (Ballarat, 1868) ; choral pieces, etc. 
 He has held the office of organist at Christ 
 Church, Ballarat, for many years. 
 
 Turner, Rev. J. Egbert, O.S.B., organ- 
 ist and composer, born at Preston, Lancashire, 
 1853. Sometime organist and choirmaster, 
 St. Ann's R.C. Church, Edge Hill, Liverpool. 
 Composer of Masses, St. John the Baptist, St. 
 Cecilia, and St. Mary Magdalene ; Ascendit, 
 Deus, for bass solo, and orchestra, etc. 
 
 Turner, James William, tenor vocalist, 
 born at Sutton Ashfield, Nottingham, June 5, 
 1845. Sang as a treble at local concerts. 
 Toured in China, India, etc., with a concert 
 party, 1864, and made his debut at Foo Choo, 
 China ; and his first stage appearance at Mel- 
 bourne the same ^ear, as ELvino, in " La 
 Sonnambula." Some time later he sang in 
 an opera company at San Francisco. Return- 
 ing to England he studied with Schira at the 
 London Academy of IMusic ; appeared in opera 
 at the Crystal Palace, 1872 ; with the Carl 
 Rosa Company, London, 1873 ; and in 1875 
 took an opera company to South Africa. In 
 1876 he rejoined the Carl Rosa Company. 
 Forined a coinpany of his own in ] 885, opened 
 at Nottingham in February. He has toured 
 the provinces every year since ; given seasons 
 of opera at the Princess's, Standard, and other 
 London Theatres ; and became proprietor of 
 the Grand Theatre, Birmingham, 1893. His 
 Fra Diavolo, and Don Csesar de Bazan, are 
 among the most popular of his assump- 
 tions. He has revived operas of Balfe and 
 Macfarren. 
 
 Turner, John, author of " Manual of In- 
 struction in Vocal Music, chiefly with a view 
 to Psalmody.." London, 1833, 2nd edition 
 1835, Boston edition 1836; "Class Singing 
 Book for Schools," 1844, 2 parts. Te Deum, 
 songs, and other vocal music. 
 
 Turner, John Bradbury, pianist, com- 
 poser, and teacher, born at Stockport. Was 
 taught the violoncello by Lieut. -Col. S. W. 
 Wilkinson, an amateur of repute, and played 
 in local orchestras as a lad. Entered R.A.M., 
 1852, as a resident pupil, and studied under 
 Sterndale Bennett, G. A. Macfarren, C. 
 Steggall, and others, remaining there till 
 1861. F.R.A.M. Graduated Mus. Bac, Cam- 
 bridge, 1865. He was one of the founders of 
 
 TURPIN. 
 
 Trinity College, London, and has for years- 
 been Director of Studies there. In hi& 
 younger days he composed a great deal of 
 music, but his onerous duties at the College 
 have precluded his engaging of late in that 
 pursuit. His compositions include a cantata, 
 "Thy Kingdom come " ; Ps. 13, for soli, chorus, 
 and orchestra. An Overture and a Symphony 
 for orchestra ; Trio in C minor, pf . and strings ; 
 various pieces for pf. ; songs, etc. Technical 
 studies for pf. 
 
 Turner, Robert Henry, organist, born 
 at Scarborough, in 1859. Received his first 
 training from his father (who was for twenty- 
 five years organist of Christ Church, Scar- 
 borough), and afterwards studied under Dr. 
 Creser, and while a student at Cambridge, 
 with Dr. Garrett. Graduated M.A., 1886; 
 Mus. Bac, 1891, Cambridge. His first ap- 
 pointment, organist and choirmaster, St. 
 Paul's Cathedral Church, Dundee, he still re- 
 tains. Conducted for some years the Dundee 
 and Kingskettle Choral Societies. Among his 
 compositions is an Evening Service, composed 
 for the eighth Festival of Associated Choirs, 
 Dundee, 1883. He has published "Abide with 
 me," and other anthems, hymns, etc. 
 
 Turner, William, composer, was born at 
 Oxford in 1651. He became a chorister of 
 Christ (^hnrch, Oxford, under Lowe, and 
 afterwards chorister in Chapel Royal under 
 Cooke. Chorister in Lincoln Cathedral, and 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 1669. Vicar- 
 choral of St. Paul's, and lay-vicar West- 
 minster Abbey. Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1696. 
 He died at Westminster, January 13, 1739-40. 
 
 WoEKS. — Operas: Presumptions Lover, 
 1716 ; Woman's a riddle, 1717 ; Generous 
 choice, 1720; Virgin Sacrifice, 1725. Twenty 
 new songs of humour, London [1716]. Two 
 catches for three voices. Anthems in the 
 collections of Boyce and Tudway. Select 
 Lessons. ..extracted from the works of Turner, 
 etc. [1740]. Songs: Betty's panegyrick, 
 Fair Susan, On decanting a flask of Florence, 
 Wanton Cupid, When Phoebus did the skies 
 adorn, etc. Edited Ravenscroft's Psalm 
 Tunes, 1728. 
 
 Turner, William, musician and author, 
 published " A Philo.sophical Essay on Musick, 
 directed to a friend," London [1677]; 3rd 
 edition, 1740; afterwards issued as "Sound 
 Anatomiz'd in a philosophical essay on 
 musick, to which is added a discourse con- 
 cerning the abuse of musick," London, 1724. 
 
 Turpin, Edmund Hart, organist, com- 
 poser, and writer, born at Nottingham, May 
 4, 1835. Son of James Turx^in, a lace manu- 
 facturer and enthusiastic musical amateur. 
 Studied under C. Noble, and local teachers, 
 and later in London under Hullah and Pauer. 
 Was appointed organist of St. Barnabas 
 Church, Nottingham, 1850; and in 1851 gave 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 421 
 
 TURPIN. 
 
 his first recital at the Great Exhibition, Hyde 
 Park. He settled in London in 1857, but 
 retained some appointments in Nottingham. 
 In 1869 he became organist of St. George's, 
 Bloomsbury ; and from 1888 has held a 
 similar appointment at St. Bride's, Fleet 
 Street, Since 1875 he has been Hon. Sec. of 
 the College of Organists ; was presented by 
 the Council with the diploma of Fellowship, 
 18G9; and he has frequently acted as Examiner 
 for the College. Licentiate, Trinity College, 
 London, 1874 ; and Warden from 1892. He 
 was elected an Hon. Member of the Tonic 
 Sol-fa College, 1885; and of the R.A.M., 
 1890. In 1889 the Archbishop of Canterbury 
 conferred upon him the degree of Mus. Doc. 
 He edited the Musical Standard at different 
 periods; was joint editor, 1891, of Musical 
 News ; and has contributed many articles to 
 periodical literature, besides lectures at R.C.O., 
 Musical Association, and other societies. He 
 is widely known as a concert organist, and 
 has opened organs in all parts of the kingdom; 
 he is also a pianist, and plays nearly every 
 instrument in the orchestra. 
 
 Works. — Mass in A flat, voices alone; Mass 
 in D, for soli, chorus, brass, drums, and 
 organ ; Motet, Jubilate Deo, for the same, 
 except drums ; Stabat Mater, voices alone. 
 Oratorios, St. John the Baptist, and Hezekiali 
 (j\IS.) ; Cantatas, A Song of Faith, and Jeru- 
 salem. Services and anthems. Symphony 
 for orchestra. The Monastery ; Overtures, As 
 you like it ; Talisman ; Richard II. ; Concert 
 overture in C. Quartet for strings ; for pf. 
 and strings; pf. Trio; pieces for pf. Over- 
 tura Pastorale; Musette; Andante, and other 
 organ pieces. Editor of Students' Edition of 
 Classical Compositions for pf. ; Collection of 
 Hymn Tunes, 1872. 
 
 Turpi n, James, organist, brother of the 
 foregoing, born at Nottingham, December 15, 
 1840. F.R.C.O. ; Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1880. 
 Organist of Roman Catholic Cathedral, Nott- 
 ingham ; Londonderry Cathedral ; Parish 
 Church, St. Leonards ; Parish Church, Berk- 
 hampstead ; St. Andrew's, Watford. Music 
 master at Berkhampstead School ; Professor 
 of harmony and counterpoint, Trinity College, 
 London. As an organ player, he was well 
 known, and he gave recitals at the Royal 
 Albert Hall (Inventions Exhibition, 1885), 
 and in many provincial towns. He was also 
 a good pianist. He gave lectures before the 
 College of Organists, the Musical Association, 
 etc. He composed a church service, songs, a 
 sonata, and other ]_oieces for pf. He suffered 
 from paralysis for some years, and died, July 
 29, 1896. 
 
 Turton, Rev. Thomas, Bishop of Ely, 
 was born in Yorkshire in 1780. He was 
 educated at Cambridge, and after holding 
 various ecclesiastical offices, became, in 1830, 
 
 TYE. 
 
 dean of Peterborough, and of Westminster in 
 1842. In 1845 he was consecrated Bishop of 
 Ely. He died January 7, 1864. Bishop 
 Turton was a composer of some ability, and 
 wrote the hymn tunes, "Ely," "St. Ethel- 
 reda," and other music for the church. 
 
 Tutt, William Henry, organist, con- 
 ductor, and composer of present time. Grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 1882 ; L.R.A.M. 
 (composer), 188-3. Organist of Okeover Church, 
 Staffordshire, and conductor of Ashborne 
 (Derby) Amateur Orchestral Society, and 
 Choral Society. Has given many excellent 
 concerts, and conducted a performance of 
 Handel's "Messiah" in Bentley Church, 
 Staffordshire, the first Festival of the Fenny 
 Bentley Church Choral Society, December 1, 
 1893. Has composed a setting of Psalm 104, 
 for voices and orchestra ; Pieces for orchestra, 
 etc. 
 
 Tutton, James Rufus, bandmaster and 
 composer, was one of the founders of the 
 Society of British Musicians, 1834. Composed 
 a dramatic overture (1834), and has published 
 a large amou.nt of dance music for pf. and 
 band ; Overtures arranged for pf. ; March of 
 the Men of Kent, pf. [1850] . Songs, etc. 
 
 Twining, Rev. Thomas, clergyman and 
 musician, Ijorn at London, in 1734. Rector 
 of St. Mary, Colchester, 1770. He died at 
 Colchester, August 6, 1804. Published "Aris- 
 totle's Treatise on Poetry, translated with 
 Notes.. and Two Dissertations on poetical 
 and musical imitation," Oxford, 1789 ; Lon- 
 don, 1812, 2 vols., 2nd edition. In 1882, was 
 published a selection from his correspondence, 
 entitled "Recreations and studies of a 
 Country Clergyman of the Eighteenth Cen- 
 tury," London, Murray. 
 
 Tye, Christopher, organist, composer, 
 and verse-writer, born at Westminster, early 
 in the 16th century. He was a chorister and 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 1545. Mus. 
 Bac, Cantab., 1536. Organist of Elv Cathe- 
 dral, 1541-1561. Mus. Doc, Cantab., 1545, 
 and Oxon. (ad eundern), 1548. He was a 
 clergyman, and was successively minister of 
 Little Wilbraham, 1564; Newton, 1567-70; 
 and Doddington-cum-March, 1570-72, all in 
 Cambridgeshire. He died in March, 1572. 
 
 Works. — The Actes of the Apostles, trans- 
 lated into Englyshe meter, and dedicated to 
 the Kynge's moste excellaunte Maiestye.. 
 with notes to eche chapter, to synge and also 
 to play upon the lute .... London, 1553 ; A 
 notable historye of Nastagio and Traversari, 
 no less pitiefuU than plesaunt, out of Italian, 
 London, 1569 ; Service in G minor. Anthems : 
 I will exalt Thee ; Sing unto the Lord ; This 
 is the day which the Lord hath made ; Arise, 
 and help us. ]\Iasses, anthems, and other 
 works in IMS. A number of psalm tunes have 
 been adapted from Tyo's compositions. 
 
422 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 TYLEE. 
 
 Tylee, Henry Dixon, musician, published 
 "Eight Indian Airs, .adapted for the pf. or 
 harpsichord," London [1805]. 
 
 Tyndall, John, scientific author, born at 
 Leighlin Bridge, near Carlow, in 1820; died, 
 December 4, 1893. Author of "Sound: a 
 course of eight lectures delivered at the Royal 
 Institution of Great Britain." London, 1867, 
 various later editions. 
 
 Tyson, A. Q., author of " An Essay on 
 the poetic and musical customs of the Ancients, 
 etc.," 1852. 
 
 Tyler, Sarah, see Keddie, Henrietta. 
 
 Tyler, William, of Woodhouseiee, anti- 
 qi;ary and author, was born at Edinburgh, 
 October 12, 1711. He was educated for the 
 law and became a writer to the Signet in 
 Edinburgh. He died at Woodhouseiee, near 
 Edinburgh, September 12, 1792. Author of 
 " A Dissertation on the Scottish music," which 
 was printed in Arnot's " History of Edin- 
 burgh," 1779, and also in Napier's " Selection 
 of favourite Scotch songs," and in " The 
 Poetical remains of James I. of Scotland." 
 He also published in the "Transactions of the 
 Society of Antiquaries of Scotland." " An 
 account of fashionable amusements and enter- 
 tainments of Edinburgh in the last century, 
 with the plan of a grand concert of music 
 performed there on St. Cecilia's Day, 1695." 
 His other works were " A Historical and 
 Critical Inquiry into the evidence produced 
 against Mary Queen of Scots," 1750, etc. 
 
 Uglow, John, organist, violinist, and 
 conductor, born at Gloucester, 1814 ? When 
 six years old was admitted a chorister at 
 Gloucester Cathedral, by ]\Tr. Mutlow, then 
 organist. In 1824 he sang at the Assembly 
 Rooms, Cheltenham, at a concert given by 
 Mr. Thomas Woodward, organist of the parish 
 church, to whom he was afterwards articled. 
 Later he studied under Crotch and Neu- 
 komm ; violin with N. ]\Iori ; and violoncello 
 with William Lindlcy. He was organist, at 
 different times, of Trinity, St. James's, and 
 St. John's churches, Cheltenham. In 1842 
 he went to Ireland, but the climate com- 
 pelled his return to Cheltenham. He was 
 the founder of the first Choral Society in 
 Cheltenham, and had a high reputation as 
 an organist, violinist, and violoncellist. In 
 his later years he was a great invalid. In 
 May, 1893, a grand concert was given for his 
 benefit, a number of eminent artists assisting, 
 with ^Ir. J. A. Matthews as conductor 
 Uglow died May 6, 1894, and was buried in 
 Cheltenham Cemetery. 
 
 Upton, Emily, pianist, born in London, 
 September 5, 1864. Showed musical ability 
 at a very early age, and was placed under 
 some of the best masters. She afterwards 
 went to Dresden, as a pupil of J. L. Nicode. 
 
 VALENTINE. 
 
 Returning to England in 1890, she made her 
 debut as a pianist, and has given a series of 
 recitals and concerts at Steinway Hall since 
 that time. In 1892 she succeeded to the 
 principalship of the Anglo-German School 
 of Music at Norwood, which she successfully 
 directs at the present time. 
 
 Urich, John, amateur composer, born, of 
 German parentage, at Trinidad, West Indies, 
 in 1850. Studied at Stuttgart and Paris. 
 Composer of several operas ; Flora Mac- 
 donald, produced at Bologna, December?' 
 1882; Le Serment, one act opera, Brussels, 
 1883; Le Pilotte, Monte Carlo, 1890; can- 
 tata, Nourmahal, London, 1882; song, The- 
 Angel and the Sunshine, etc. 
 
 Valentine, John, musician of 18th cen- 
 tury. Resided at Leicester, where he died 
 in 1791. Composer of " Thirty Psalm tunes 
 in four parts with symphonies, interludes- 
 and instrumental bass, being set part to the 
 old and part to the new version, op. 7," 
 London [1787]. Ode on the birthday of the 
 Marquess of Granby [1768]. Eight easy 
 Symphonies for two violins, 2 hautboys, 2 
 horns a tenor and bass, op. 6 [1785] ; Sixteen 
 marches and minuetts, op. 8. 
 
 Ann Valentine, probably a relative of the 
 above, composed "Ten Sonatas for harpsi- 
 chord and violin," op. 1 [1798]; waltzes, 
 marches, etc., for pf. 
 
 Valentine, John, composer and pianist,, 
 author of " Elements of Practical Harmony, 
 or what is generally called thorough base." 
 London [1834]. Songs : All round my hat, 
 Medical student, Soldier's last dream. Pf. 
 music, etc. 
 
 Valentine, Robert, composer and vio- 
 linist, who flourished during the first part of 
 the 18th century. 
 
 Works. — Six setts of aires and a chacoon 
 for 2 flutes and a bass, London [1720]. Op. 
 2, Twelve Sonatas or solos for a flute ; Op. 3, 
 Twelve Sonatas for a flute [1701] ; Op. 4, Six 
 sonatas for 2 violi}is, 2 hoboys, or German 
 flutes [1720] ; Op. 6, Six sonatas for 2 violins 
 and a bass ; Op. 7, Six sonatas of 2 parts for 
 2 violins ; Op. 13, Sonatas for flute and harp- 
 sichord [1706]. 
 
 Valentine, Thomas, composer and writer, 
 born in 1790. He was a teacher, and at one 
 time popular as a comiDoser. He resided for 
 many years at King's Heath, near Birming- 
 ham, and died tliere, February 11, 1878. As 
 a tribute to his memory, a road at King's 
 Heath has been named Valentine Road. 
 
 Works. — Rondos for pf. ; Flowers of English 
 melody for pf. ; Scotch and Irish Quadrilles 
 [1845] ; Early lessons for the pf . ; Numerous 
 arrangements for pf. ; songs, etc. Instructions 
 for the pianoforte, to which is added a. 
 selection of favourite airs .. London [1826]; 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 423 
 
 VANCE. 
 
 Dictionary of terms used in music, London, 
 1833, various editions. He edited choruses 
 from Handel, etc. 
 Vance, Alfred Glenville, see Stevens, 
 
 Alfred Peck. 
 
 Vandernan, Thomas, musician, of 18th 
 century, was a Gentleman of the Chapel 
 Royal, and died October 2, 1778. He com- 
 piled " Divine Harmony, being a collection of 
 two hundred and seven double and single 
 chants in score . . sung at His Majesty's 
 Chapels Royal.." 1770. 
 
 Vaughan, Thomas, tenor vocalist, was 
 born at Norwich in 1782. Chorister in Nor- 
 wich Cathedral under Beckwith. Lay-clerk 
 St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 1799. Gentle- 
 man of the Chapel Royal, 1803. Vicar-choral 
 St. Paul's London, and lay-vicar Westminster 
 Abbey. Married Miss Tennant, a soprano 
 singer. He sang at the Concert of Ancient 
 Music, and at the principal London and pro- 
 vincial concerts. He died at Birmingham, 
 January 9, 1843. 
 
 Vautor, Thomas, composer of late 16th 
 and early 17th centuries He issued " The 
 first Set : being songs of divers ayres and 
 natures, of five and six parts ; apt for vyols 
 and voyces," London, 1619. 
 
 Venables, George I., choir trainer, born 
 at St. John's Wood, London, ]May 16, 1845. 
 Studied music tlirough the classes of the 
 Tonic Sol-fa College. Was deputy conductor 
 of the South London Choral Association, of 
 which he was also hon. sec. from its founda- 
 tion in 1869. He was founder of the South 
 London Institute of ]\Iusic, an outcome of 
 the society previously named, which began 
 its educational work in 1880, and of which 
 he was the hon. sec. A tenor vocalist of 
 repute, he was a zealous worker for popular 
 musical education ; but in the midst of his 
 varied avocations he was seized with conges- 
 tion of the lungs, and died on December 23, 
 1887. 
 
 Venables, Leonard Charles, brother of 
 the preceding, conductor and bass vocalist, 
 born at St. John's Wood, London, November 
 5, 1847. He was a choir boy at St. Stephen's, 
 Avenue Road, St. John's Wood, and studied 
 under various masters. Is a Graduate and 
 Professor of the Tonic Sol-fa College. Has 
 conducted the South London Choral Associa- 
 tion since its formation in 1869, raising it 
 from small beginnings to an important posi- 
 tion among metropolitan organisations, its 
 concerts being of high excellence. The Upper 
 Choir sang in the "Romeo and Juliet" of 
 Berlioz, at the Philharmonic Society's Con- 
 cert, March 10, 1881. Mr. Venables conducted 
 the concert by certificated adult singers at 
 the Tonic Sol-fa Festival, Crystal Palace, 
 July 18, 1895. He has been principal of the 
 South London Institute of Music since its 
 
 VERTUE. 
 
 commencement in 1880. Author of " The 
 Choral Society, practical hints and experi- 
 ences," London, Curwen ; also, of several 
 vocal instruction books ; and has composed 
 part-songs, etc. The work of the two brothers 
 and their colleagues is told in the History of 
 the South London Choral Association, and 
 Institute of Music, by Eben. Lock, London, 
 1892. 
 
 Verne, see sub. Wttrm, Marie. 
 
 Vernham, John Edward, organist, born 
 at Lewes, Sussex, April 17, 1856. Studied 
 under Dr. Steggall and George Cooper. Ap- 
 pointed organist of All Saints', Lambeth, 
 when fifteen ; All Saints', Surrey Square, 
 London, 1872 ; and at the present time is 
 organist of St. Paul's Knightsbridge. Suc- 
 ceeded the late W. H. Monk as Professor of 
 Music at King's College, London, 1889. Au- 
 thor of fifty three-part studies, Novello's 
 Primers (1896). His wife is the composer of 
 " Twilight," " Sleep," and other songs. 
 
 Vernon, Joseph, tenor vocalist, born at 
 Coventry [1738]. He studied under W. 
 Savage, and appeared at Drury Lane Theatre, 
 London, 1751, and from 1756 sang at Vaux- 
 hall and other London concerts, and appeared 
 on the stage in various musical dramas. He 
 died at Lambeth, London, March 19, 1782. 
 Composer of an epilogue to the Irish Widow, 
 1780 ; music for The Witches, a pantomime, 
 1771 ; Strawberry Hill, a song, and other 
 vocal works. 
 
 Vernon, M., author of " Analogy of the 
 laws of musical temperament to the natural 
 dissonance of creation," Loudon, 1867. 
 
 Verrinder, Charles Garland, organist 
 and composer, born at Blakeney, Gloucester- 
 shire. Studied under Sir G. J Elvey. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, Oxford, 1862; Mus. 
 Doc, Cantuar, 1873; P.R.C.O. Organist 
 successively at Holy Trinity, Windsor ; St. 
 Giles' in the Fields, London ; Christ Church, 
 Lancaster Gate ; St. Michael's, Chester 
 Square ; aud St. Mary's, AVest Kensington. 
 Also organist of the Reformed Synagogue, 
 London. Conductor of the Hebrew Choral 
 Association, and of St. Mary's and Ealing 
 Choral Societies. Composer of a cantata, 
 " Israel " ; Church Service in E ; Seek ye the 
 Lord ; The Light hath shined upon us ; Hear 
 my cry, O God (Jubilee) ; and other anthems, 
 kyries, etc. Hebrew music and psalms, 7 
 vols. Out of the deep, ancient Hebrew 
 melody, " Kol Nidrai." Songs and part-songs, 
 organ music, etc. Assisted Lady Elvey in 
 the preparation of the memoir of the late 
 Sir George J. Elvey. 
 
 Vertue, Matthew, organist and composer, 
 born about 1770. He was an organist at 
 Weymouth, where he died, October 8, 1849. 
 Composerof a Collection of Psalms (R. Rooke), 
 1845 ; Bards have sung ; How blest is the 
 
424 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 VESTRIS. 
 
 friendship ; If thou canst live on humble 
 fare ; duets, songs, and other vocal music. 
 
 Vestris, Lucia Elizabeth, bom Barto- 
 Lozzi, contralto vocalist and actress, born in 
 London, of Italian parents, in 1797. She 
 studied under Corri, and in 1813 married 
 Armand Vestris, a ballet-master. Appeared 
 in opera in 1815. AjDpeared in Paris, 1816, 
 and again sang in London froin 1820, ap- 
 pearing in operas and numerous theatrical 
 pieces. She became manager successively of 
 the Olympic, Covent Garden, and Lyceum 
 Theatres, and produced a large succession of 
 dramatic pieces, in many of which she 
 appeared. Married to Charles Mathews the 
 younger, 1838. She died at Fulham, London, 
 August 8, 1856. Famous for her beauty, and 
 her charming style of acting and singing. 
 See IMadame Vestris : Memoirs of her public 
 and private life and adventures, with anecdotes 
 of celebrated characters of the fashionable 
 world, with amorous confessions of Madame 
 Vestris, from a series of letters written to 
 Handsome Jack. London, 1839. 
 
 Vicary, Walter, organist and composer, 
 was born in 1770. He was organist of Mag- 
 dalen College, Oxford, from 1797 to 1845 ; in 
 1805 he graduated Mus. Bac. , Oxford ; and he 
 also held the appointments of Lay-chaplain 
 of New College, Oxford, 1812-44 ; Singing man 
 of St. John's College, Oxford, 1816-28; and 
 organist of St. Mary's Church, Oxford, 1830. 
 He died at Oxford, January 5, 1845. Com- 
 poser of Church music, songs, etc. 
 
 Vincent, Charles John, organist and 
 composer, born at Houghton-le-Spring, Dur- 
 ham, September 19, 1852. His father, 
 Charles John Vincent, was organist of St. 
 Michael's Church in that place, a good mu- 
 sician, and composer of organ music, now 
 head of a music business at Sunderland. The 
 son entered Durham Cathedral as a chorister 
 in 1864, studying under Dr. Amies, having 
 received his first lessons from his parents. 
 In 1869 he was appointed organist of Monk- 
 wearmouth Parish Church. Studied at Leip- 
 zig Conservatorium, 1876-8 ; graduated Mus. 
 Bac, 1878 ; Mus. Doc, 1885, Oxford. Organist 
 of Tavistock Parish Church, and Kelly College, 
 1878 ; and of Christ Church, Hampstead, 
 London, 1883-91. Hon. Sec. of the London 
 Section of the I.S.M., and Divisional (Oxford) 
 Hon. Sec. Union of Graduates in Music. 
 Examiner for Trinity College, in which 
 capacity he has been to South Africa, 1893, 
 and Australia, 1897. He is a voluminous 
 composer, and is joint editor of the Organist 
 and Choirmaster. 
 
 Works. — Oratorio, Ruth, produced, Hamp- 
 stead, December, 1886 ; Cantatas, Psalm 68, 
 and The day of rest (both in MS.); The 
 Crowning of the wheat, harvest cantata ; 
 Church services and anthems. Cantatas for 
 
 VINEN. 
 
 treble voices : Village Queen ; Little mermaid; 
 A night in fairyland ; Spanish gipsies ; Per- 
 sian princess ; The two queens. Operetta, 
 Count Carlo. Honour and Praise to Music, 
 choral fugue in 8 parts. Two-part songs ; 
 upwards of a hundred songs. The Storm 
 overture, orchestra, produced, Bradford, Feb- 
 ruary 24, 1894. Other orchestral pieces in 
 MS. Pieces for 'cello and pf. ; violin and pf. ; 
 and for pf. solo. Organ pieces, various. 
 Author of A Year's Study at the Piano ; First 
 Principles of Music ; Choral Instructor for 
 treble voices ; On scoring for an orchestra 
 (British Musician, 1897). Editor (with Sir 
 John Stainer and Dr. D. J. Wood) of Hymnal 
 Companion to the Book of Common Prayer 
 (1890 edition) ; Chant Book Companion ; 
 Anglican organist ; Anglican choir ; Bach's 
 48 Fugues in score ; and Bach's organ Fugues, 
 miniature edition. 
 
 Vincent, George Frederick, organist 
 and composer, brother of the preceding, born 
 at Houghton-le-Spring, March 27, 1855. 
 Received private instruction in music to 1874 ; 
 studied at Leipzig Conservatorium, 1874-6. 
 Organist and choirmaster, Sunderland Parish 
 Church, 1872-4; St. Mary's, Whitburn, Dur- 
 ham, 1877 ; and from 1882 to present time of 
 St. Thomas's, Sunderland. Conductor of 
 Choral Society, Ladies' Orchestral Society, 
 and Amateur Opera Society, Sunderland. 
 Examiner in practical music, I.S.IM., from 
 1889. Has given organ recitals in Sunderland, 
 etc., and orchestral concerts at Newcastle 
 Exhibition, 1887. He has composed several 
 operettas : Peter's pledge, 1878 ; Romany 
 Lore, St. George's Hall, London, 1889; 
 Jedediah the Scarecrow, Nottingham, 1895. 
 Cantata, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, for baritone 
 solo, chorus, and orchestra, 1895. Two choral 
 fantasias on national airs. Volume of 20 
 songs ; Songs, various. Anthems. Two 
 Fantasias and Fugues for two pianos ; pf. 
 pieces, various. Offertoire and Fugue, etc., 
 for organ. Original organ compositions, 2 
 vols. Overtures, galop, valse, for orchestra. 
 Pieces for violin and pf., etc. 
 
 Vincent, Rev. William, D.D., author 
 of " Considerations on Parochial Music," 
 London, 1790. 
 
 Vinen, Ernest Edward, organist and 
 composer, born in London, October 12, 1865. 
 Pupil of the Guildhall School of Music. 
 F.R.C.O., 1890. Was appointed organist and 
 choirmaster, St. John's, Horsleydown, 1881 
 (when sixteen years old) ; St. Augustine's, 
 Bermondsey, 1886 ; and, in 1888, to his present 
 position at St. Augustine's, Honor Oak Park. 
 
 Works. — Cantata, The Legend of the 
 Faithful Soul, for soli, chorus, and orchestra 
 (Honor Oak, 1890) ; " Into the Silent Land," 
 chorus and orchestra (1894); Festival Te 
 Deum, soli, double chorus, and orchestra ; 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 425 
 
 VINER. 
 
 Evening Service in C ; hymn-tunes, chants, 
 etc. ; Songs. Two concert overtures, in E 
 minor, and A minor ; Romance in E flat, 
 orchestra, etc. 
 
 Viner, William Letton, organist and 
 composer, born at Bath, May 14, 1790. He 
 studied under Charles Wesley, and in 1820 
 became organist of St. JMichael's, Bath. In 
 1838 he was appointed organist of St. Mary's, 
 Penzance, and remained there till 1859, when 
 he went to the United States. He died at 
 Westfield, Mass. U.S., July 24, 1867. Editor 
 of "A useful selection from the most approved 
 psalms," London [1846]. "One hundred 
 psalm and hymn-tunes in score," London, 
 1838. "The Chanter's companion" [1857]. 
 He composed church music, organ music and 
 songs, and wrote the well-known hymn-tune, 
 " Helston " or " Kingston," sometimes 
 described as an ancient Cornish melody. 
 
 Vinning, Louisa, soprano vocalist, born 
 at Kingsbridge, Devon, November 10, 1836. 
 Her father, John Vinning, was a musician, 
 and at twelve years of age was organist of 
 Torquay Chapel, and held other similar 
 appointments later, being also a composer. 
 Louisa Vinning showed an extraordinary 
 passi 'U for music even in infancy. She sang 
 at the Plymouth Theatre when only two-and- 
 a-half years old, and a year later was taken 
 by the Duke of Wellington to sing to the 
 Queen, who gave her a diamond ring. As 
 the " Infant Sappho," she sang in various 
 country towns, and at the Adelaide Gallery, 
 London, 1840-2; gave concerts up to 1847. 
 Then studied under F. ]\Iori, and others. 
 Sang in 1856, on tour with Alfred Mellon ; in 
 the " Messiah," Sacred Harmonic Society, 
 December 12 ; at the Worcester Festival, and 
 Crystal Palace, 1857; Hereford, 1858; and 
 gave annual matinees in London up to 1860, 
 on July 5 of that year introducing the pianist, 
 Mile. Remaury, to an English audience. 
 Sang at the Monday Popular Concerts, Jan- 
 uary 21, 1861. On her marriage with Mr. J. 
 S. C. Heywood soon after that time, she 
 retired from the concert platform. She had 
 many offers to go to America, and elsewhere, 
 but declined them all. 
 
 Vinning:, Rosetta, see O'Leary, Mrs. 
 Arthur. 
 
 Vinning, William Skinner, organist 
 and composer, is a native of Devonshire. 
 Pupil of Charles Fowler, Torquay, in which 
 town he held organ appointments at the 
 Parish Church, and St. Luke's. Organist of 
 St. Peter's, Hayswater, London, since 1884. 
 Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 18^0. Composer of 
 two sacred cantatas, " Song of the Passion," 
 and "Song of the Nativity"; a setting of 
 Psalm 84, for soli, chorus, and strings ; 
 church services, etc. Alsoan operetta. "Equal- 
 ity Jack," produced at Ladbroke Hall, Feb- 
 
 WADDELL. 
 
 ruary 28, 1891. Author of Papers on Choir 
 Management, and other subjects. 
 
 Vitton, Arthur, see Crowest, F. J. 
 
 Vokes, Henry, musician, compiler of 
 " Psalms and hymns, with select sentences of 
 scripture, sung at the Parish Church of St. 
 Botolph, Aldersgate," London [1820]. 
 
 Von Hoff, Henry, tenor voclist and 
 teacher, was educated at R.A.M., singing at 
 the Academy concerts in 1842, and in public, 
 1846. Studied under Mazzucato, in Milan, 
 1851, and sang there. Returning to London, 
 he acquired an excellent teaching connection. 
 He wrote many songs : Could I but call a 
 heart my own ; Sing me a song, love, etc., 
 most of them of high quality. He died in 
 Ijondon, December, 1862. His wife, born 
 Elizabeth Chamberlaine, a pianist, was 
 also a pupil of the R.A.M., where she studied 
 under W. S. Bennett, and others, and was a 
 King's scholar, 1843. From 1857 she was, 
 for a number of years, organist of the Rectory 
 Church, Marylebone. She published a few 
 pieces for pf., but was better known as a 
 teacher. She died some time before 1890. 
 
 Waddel, William, violinist and conduc- 
 tor, born at Edinburgh in 1842. Studied 
 lender Carmichael and Howard, and in London 
 under Henry Blagrove. When twenty he 
 went to Leipzig and studied under Ferdinand 
 David. Returning to Edinburgh he became 
 organist of Dublin Street Baptist Church, an 
 office he held for many years. From the 
 choir of this church sprang the organisation 
 known as "Mr. Waddel's Choir," which he 
 conducted for twenty-five years, introducing 
 all Schumann's choral works, and many other 
 compositions to the city of Edinburgh. He 
 founded a Violin School, and formed a Ladies' 
 Orchestra chiefly of his pupils ; established 
 chamber concerts, and gave Free Musical 
 Evenings for the People. Has been choir- 
 master for some years at St. Cttthbert's 
 Established Church. He married the daughter 
 of the late Sir Daniel IMcNee, president of the 
 Royal Scottish Academy, and is himself a 
 painter of reputation, for many years an 
 exhibitor at the Royal Scottish Academy and 
 other places. 
 
 Waddell, James, bandmaster, born at 
 Banff, January 20, 1797. He was appointed 
 bandmaster of the 80th regiment in 1817, but 
 was compelled to resign on Recount of ill 
 health. He settled in Perthshire as a teacher 
 of music, but in 1832 was asked to re-organise 
 the band of the 1st Life Guards, and remained 
 as bandmaster in that regiment for 27 years, 
 resigning in 1863. He died at Kensington, 
 London, April 10, 1879. Composer of "Fair 
 Maid of Perth," overture ; Polkas,. Galops, 
 Quadrilles, and arrangements for band, 
 between 1843 and 1860. 
 
426 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 WADDINGTON. 
 
 Waddington, Sidney P., composer of 
 present jtiino. Studied at R.G.M., and was 
 elected Mendelssohn Scholar in 1891. Resi- 
 dent in London, and conductor of an amateur 
 opera society which gave its first performance, 
 " Dorothy," at St. George's Hall, May 27, 
 1896. To him was allotted the task of com- 
 pleting the score of the late Goring Thomas's 
 opera, " The Golden Web." His compositions 
 consist of a Ballad, " John Gilpin," for 
 chorus and orchestra, produced at R.C.M. 
 concert, November 14, 1894 ; a concerto for 
 pf. and orchestra ; Trio, pf. and strings, 
 Queen's Hall, December 11, 1894; Sonata, pf. 
 and 'cello, etc. 
 
 Wade, James Clifft, organist and com- 
 poser, was born at Coven, Staffordshire, on 
 January 26, 1847. He studied music under 
 Drs. Winn and Bradford, and became organist 
 at Coven, 1860-65. Afterwards he studied in 
 Birmingham during 1865-66, and then held 
 the apjsointments of organist at the Parish 
 Church, Iver, near Uxbridge, 1867-69; private 
 organist to W. S. Dugdale, Esq., Merevale, 
 Warwickshire ; and organist of St. Mary's 
 Church, Maidenhead, from 1880. Conductor 
 of the Maidenhead Orchestral Society, and 
 composer of church music, hymns, action 
 songs for children, and other vocal music. 
 
 Wade, Joseph Augustine, composer 
 and writer, born in Dublin, [1796]. He mar- 
 ried a Miss Kelly of Garnavilla. For a time 
 he was a surgeon, but afterwards he went to 
 London, and worked for the theatres and 
 publishers. He died at London, July 15, 
 1845. 
 
 WoEKS. — Two Houses of Granada, opera, 
 1826; Pupil of Da Vinci, operetta; Prophecy, 
 oratorio, 1824. Polish Melodies, London, 
 1831. Songs of the Flowers [1827-28], 2 books. 
 Many duets, "I've wandered in dreams," etc. 
 So7igs : The Bridge ; INIeet me by moonlight 
 alone ; Love was once a little boy ; A Wood- 
 land life ; and others. Fantasias for pf. and 
 a large number of arrangements. Child's 
 first Quadrilles, Waltzes, etc., for pf. His 
 son, Joseph Augustine Wade, has composed 
 a very large number of pieces for pf. and 
 other instruments, songs, etc. 
 
 Wade, Mrs., see Grky, Annie. 
 
 Wade, Richard, pianist and writer, who 
 flourished in London about the middle of the 
 18th century. Author of " The Harpsichord 
 illustrated and improved, wherein is shewn 
 the Italian manner of Fingering..." London, 
 n.d., anou. 
 
 Wade, W, J., musician, author of "Com- 
 plete Instructions for the cornopean and sax- 
 horn." London [1860] , 1864, etc. 
 
 Wadham, Walter To, a native of 
 Tasmania, is the composer of a number of 
 songs, among which may be mentioned : Who 
 will be my love '? and My heart's Queen. 
 
 WAINWRIGHT. 
 
 Wadmore, John Lofting, baritone 
 vocalist, born in 1849, He studied at the 
 R.A.M., gaining the Parepa-Rosa prize in 
 1875. A.R.A.M. He sang at concerts of the 
 Philharmonic Society in London, and at 
 important concerts in the provinces, and 
 achieved a high reputation, particularly in 
 oratorio. He died at London, November 4, 
 1878, from the effects of a cold, aged 29. 
 
 Wadsworth, Joseph, musician, com- 
 piled " Selection of. Psalm and Hymn tunes, 
 adapted to the most useful measures," Hali- 
 fax, 1852. 
 
 Wagstaff, William, organist and com- 
 poser ; born 1784 ; died in London, March 
 11, 1852. He was organist at Battersea 
 Church for about 30 years. Compiled 
 " Sacred Music, a hymn and chorus for 
 Easter day and Kyrie Eleison, as sung at 
 St. Mary's Church, Battersea," London 
 [1827] . Composer of pf. rondos and other 
 music. 
 
 Wainwright, Harriet, afterwards Mrs. 
 Colonel Stewart, composer, who was pro- 
 bably related to the Wainwrights noted 
 below. She flourished between 1780 and 
 1840. Composer of " Collection of Songs, 
 duetts, trios, and choruses," London [1810] ; 
 " Comala, a dramatic poem from Ossian," 
 1803 ; Merrily, merrily passes the day, glee ; 
 songs, etc. Author of "Critical remarks on 
 the art of Singing," T>ondon, 1836. 
 
 Wainwright, John, composer and 
 organist, born at Stockport about 1728. He 
 became organist of Manchester Cathedral in 
 1767. He died in January, 1768, and is buried 
 at Stockport. He composed anthems, hymns, 
 etc., and issued a " Collection of psalm tunes, 
 anthems, hymns, and chants, for 1, 2, 3 and 
 4 voices," London [1766], in which is con- 
 tained the well-known hymn or carol usually 
 sung to Byrom's words, "Christians, awake, 
 salute the happy morn." 
 
 His son Robert, born in 1748, succeeded 
 him as organist of Manchester Collegiate 
 Church in 1768. In 1774 he accumulated the 
 degrees of Bac. and Doc. Mus., Oxford, and 
 in 1775 he became organist of St. Peter's, 
 Liverpool. He died on July 15, 1782, aged 34. 
 He composed an oratorio entitled "The Fall 
 of Egypt"; a Te Demn (degree exercise), 
 1774 ; The Psalm Tunes, " St. Gregory," 
 " Manchester," and " Liverpool," etc. 
 
 Another son, Richard, was born in 1758. 
 He was organist of the Collegiate Church, and 
 St. Ann's, Manchester, and succeeded his 
 brother in 1782 as organist of St. Peter's, 
 Liverpool. He also held the appointment of 
 organist of St. James', Toxteth Park, Liver- 
 pool, for a time, but returned again to St. 
 Peter's. He died at Liverpool, August 20, 
 1825. He composed "Life's a bumper," a 
 well-known glee [1800] ; the hymn tune,. 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 427 
 
 WAINWRIGHT. 
 
 " Wainwright," and other pieces of vocal 
 music. Also editor of " A Collection of 
 Hymns with appropriate symphonies," Liver- 
 pool [1809]. The Rev. J. J. Waite edited 
 "Hallelujah, a selection of tunes from Wain- 
 wright." Both brothers were celebrated as 
 organists. 
 
 William Wainwright, another brother 
 (died at INIanchester, 1797), was a vocalist. 
 
 Wainwright, Rev. Jonathan Mayhew, 
 composer, born at Li^•erpool in 1792, and died 
 at New York, September 21, 1854. Comx^oser 
 of chants, psalms, and other church music in 
 collections such as " Music of the Church, a 
 collection of psalm, hymn, and chant tunes," 
 Boston [1852]. 
 
 Wait, William M., organist and com- 
 poser, born at Chester, December 4, 1854. 
 His parents were church singers in that city, 
 and his uncle, William Wait (died November 
 10, 1888), was for 33 years tenor lay-clerk at 
 the cathedral. As a chorister at Chester 
 Cathedral he received pianoforte lessons from 
 the late John Munns, sub-organist ; he after- 
 wards studied at Liverpool, and later, had 
 organ lessons from J. F. Bridge, and J. Ken- 
 drick Pyne, at Manchester, and studied har- 
 mony and counterpoint with R. H. Wilson. 
 From 1870 he held various organ appoint- 
 meiits in IManchester and London, being from 
 1895 organist and choirmaster (for the second 
 time) at St. ]\Iargaret Pattens. He has given 
 organ recitals at the Bow and Bromley 
 Institute, the Agricultural Hall, Earl's Court 
 Exhibition, etc., etc. His compositions con- 
 sist of the cantatas, " St. Andrew " (1888) ; 
 "The Good Samaritan" (1892); " God with 
 us," Christmas cantata (1893) ; an Evening 
 Service in C : Part-songs, etc. 
 
 Waite, Rev. J. J., amateur musician 
 and clergyman, was a busy worker, though 
 blind, in the cause of musical education in 
 Gloucester and Hereford. He died at Hereford 
 in October, 1868. Among other works he 
 edited " Hallelujah. .. .being a selection of 
 tunes from the works of Wainwright." 
 
 Wakefield, Augusta Mary, amateur 
 contralto vocalist and composer, born at 
 Kendal, August 19, 1853. Studied singing 
 under Randegger, Henschel, and Blumenthal, 
 also at Rome. Has sung in various parts of 
 the country, and took part in the Gloucester 
 Festival of 1880. Established an annual 
 series of vocal competitions about 1885, which 
 have culminated in the Wakefield Festivals, 
 held at Kendal every spring, and which are 
 intended to encourage the study of music. 
 Miss Wakefield conducts the performances, 
 and appears as vocalist. She is the composer 
 of several songs, No, sir ! Yes sir ! ; Bunch of 
 Cowslips ; May time in mid-winter ; More and 
 more, etc. Her chorus. Queen of sixty years, 
 was sung at Kendal, April 29, 1897. She has 
 
 WALENN. 
 
 given lectures on music, and has edited 
 Ruskin on Music, 1894, and contributed to 
 various periodicals. 
 
 Walch, James, organist and composer, 
 was born at Egerton, near Bolton, June 21, 
 1837. His father was a musician, and he 
 studied under him, and afterwards under 
 Henry Smart. Organist successively of Duke's 
 Alley Congregational Church, Bolton, 1851 ; 
 Walmsley Church, 1857 ; Bridge Street Wes- 
 leyan Church, 1858 ; St. George's Parish 
 Church, Bolton, 1863. He was conductor of 
 Bolton Philharmonic Society in 1870, and in 
 1874 he retired. Composer of hymn tunes 
 and other church miisic, of which the best 
 known is " Sawley," a popular hymn, com- 
 posed in 1857, and printed for private cir- 
 culation in 1860. 
 
 Walenn. Family of musicians. James 
 Farquhabsox Walenn, the eldest, was born 
 in London, January, 1860. A chorister. All 
 Saints', Margaret Street, and afterwards pupil 
 of W. S. Hoyte. In December, 1877, he won 
 the Novello Scholarship at the National 
 Training School for IMusic, and two years 
 later was appointed organist and choirmaster 
 of St. Alban's, Holborn, and was also con- 
 ductor of the St. Alban's Choral Society. He 
 composed some church music ; two pf. trios ; 
 many songs, and left an opera unfinished. 
 He clied at Hornsey, February 10, 1884, a loss 
 to the art he gave sach promise to adorn. 
 Arthur Walenn, his brother, born in Lon- 
 don, was educated at All Saints' Choir School, 
 and at the R.A.LI. He began as a viola 
 player, and was soon engaged in the orchestras 
 of the opera and concert rooms. With his 
 sister and two younger brothers he formed 
 the Walenn quartet of strings, and gave con- 
 certs ; but an excellent baritone voice develop- 
 ing, he, by the advice of Sir A. C. Mackenzie, 
 devoted himself to singing, and the com- 
 bination was broken up. After a course of 
 study under G. Henschel, he made his debut 
 at the morning concerts at the Queen's HaU, 
 in November, 1895, afterwards being engaged 
 for the London Symphony Concerts. He has 
 since been heard in many provincial centres, 
 and has fairly established a reputation. 
 Charles Walenn, the next brother, born in 
 London, 1869, is also a baritone singer, and 
 has for some j'ears been a member of the 
 D'Oyly Carte No. 1 Company. Herbert 
 Walenn, violoncellist, born in London, June 
 25, 1870, studied under Hugo Becker, at 
 Frankfort, and has appeared with success in 
 Germany, and at the Queen's Hall, 1897. 
 Gerald Walenn, the youngest brother, born 
 in London, 1872, stiidicd the violin at the 
 R.A.]\I., under Sainton and Sauret. At the 
 age of fourteen he played before the Queen, 
 at W^indsor, and soon afterwards was heard at 
 various concerts. He was in Germany, 1896, 
 
428 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 WALEY. 
 
 ■where he was very successful, and has since | 
 played at chamber concerts, Queen's Hall. 
 Dorothea Walenn, born in London, is also 
 a violinist ; pupil of Sainton, Sauret, and 
 Hugo Heermann. After playing in the quartet 
 mentioned, she devoted her attention to teach- 
 ing, in London. 
 
 Waley, Simon Waley, pianist and am- 
 ateur composer, born at London, in 1827. 
 He was engaged in commercial life in London, 
 being a member of the Stock Exchange, and 
 he was also an active member of the Jewish 
 community in London, He studied music, 
 the pf. under Moscheles, Bennett, and G. A. 
 Osborne, and theory under W. Horsley, and 
 Molique. As a pianist he displayed ability, 
 and performed at the concerts of the Amateur 
 Musical Society. He died at London, Dec- 
 ember 30, 1875. 
 
 Works. — Music for the services of the 
 Jewish Church ; Duets. Songs : Angel's 
 voices ; Dream of home ; I'll rest ; Lost 
 chord ; Sing on, sing on, ye little birds ; 
 Fairies song, etc. Concerto for pf. and or- 
 chestra ; Romance for oboe, or violin and pf. 
 (1861) ; Romance for violin and pf. (1878) ; 
 Marches, caprices, and other works for pf. 
 
 Walkeley, Antony, organist and com- 
 poser, was born in lG7i^. He was trained as a 
 chorister in Wells Cathedral, where he after- 
 wards became vicar-choral. Organist of 
 Salisbury Cathedral, in succession to D. 
 Rosingrave, 1698. Died at Salisbury, January 
 16, 1717. Composer of a Morning service in E 
 fiat, in Tudway's collection, and of anthems 
 in MS. 
 
 Walker, Alexander, violinist and com- 
 poser, of latter part of the 18th century. 
 Composer of "A Collection of Strathspeys, 
 reels, marches, etc. ...dedicated to Sir Charles 
 Forbes, Bart., of Newe." Aberdeen, n.d. 
 
 Walker, Augustus Hayter, teacher of 
 composition and musical science, born in 
 Lond-in, February 8, 1855. Studied under 
 Dr. F. J. Sawyer. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 1883; Mus. Doc, 1880, London, being with 
 Dr. W. H. Hunt {gA\), the first to receive 
 the degree of Mus. Doc. at London Univer- 
 sity. Sometime resident in Brighton, and 
 professor of hirmony and composition at 
 Brighton College, and Conservatoire of Music. 
 Lecturer in musical acoustics, T.C.L., and 
 tutor in music. University Correspondence 
 College. His compositions are ; Psalm 95, 
 for soli, chorus, and strings ; Requiem, for 
 soli, eight-part chorus and orchestra, per- 
 formed, London, Pebru ry 20, 1886; songs, 
 part-songs, and organ pieces, etc. 
 
 Walker, Bettina, pianist and writer, 
 born at Dublin. Not originally intended for 
 the musical profession. Studied under 
 Adolphe Henselt chiefly, and settled in Lon- 
 don about 1890 as an exponant of his method 
 
 WALKER. 
 
 of teaching. Author of " My Musical Ex- 
 periences," London, Bentley, 1890. She died 
 at Fulham, February 4, 1893. 
 
 Walker, Francis, baritone vocalist of 
 present time. Sang at various concerts in 
 London up to 1885, when he went to Italy 
 for further study. On his return he gave a 
 concert at B irlington Hall, London, April 7, 
 1886. His experiences he embodied in a book, 
 " Letters of a Baritone," London, Heine- 
 mann, 1895. 
 
 Walker, Frederick Edward, tenor 
 vocalist, born at Marylebone, London, 
 January 17, 1835. Entered the choir of the 
 Chapel Royal, St. James's, when nine. 
 Studied under private teachers, and became 
 a vicar-ciioral of St. Paul's Cathedral in 
 1858. In 1867 he succeeded Henry Buckland 
 as Master of the Boys. Sang in the quartets 
 in "Elijah," Sacred Harmonic Concerts, 
 June 15, 1855, and in the same work at 
 Madam Goldschmidt's farewell performance, 
 December 17, at Exeter Hall. For many 
 years a familiar figure on the concert plat- 
 form. Conductor of the London Vocal Union, 
 which assisted at the first performance in 
 England of Brahms' " Rinaldo," Crystal 
 Palace, April 15, 1876. He was also appointed 
 conductor of the Brixton Philharmonic 
 Society, 1883. Professor of singing, and Hon, 
 member (1887), of R.A.IM. ; professor, G.S.M. 
 He is an organist, pianist, violinist, and per- 
 former on the ophicleide ; and accompanied 
 the recitatives on the pf. at the performance 
 of Bach's " Matthaw Pa,ssion," St. Paul's, 
 April 8, 1873. 
 
 Walker, James, violinist and composer, 
 was born at Dysart, Fife, in the latter half 
 of last century, and died there on April 8, 
 1840. He published " A Collection of new 
 Scots reels, strathspeys, jigs, etc., with a bass 
 for the violoncello or harpsichord," Dysart, 
 n.d. [1797]. "Second collection of reels, 
 strathspeys, jigs, etc., with bass for the 
 violincello or harpsichord, also defferent 
 marches for volunteer corps," Dysarf, n.d. 
 [1800]. 
 
 Walker, James, amateur musician, born 
 at Aberdeen, July 6, 1827. A tea merchant 
 in Aberdeen, and prominent in city and town 
 council affairs. Author of " On Just In- 
 tonation in Song and Speech," Aberdeen, 
 1876, privately printed. " Some notes re- 
 g rding the proposed Municipal Band," 
 Aberdeen, 1878. He collected a valuable 
 musical library, which he presented to the 
 Public Library of Aberdeen in 1891. For 
 some years he was president of the Aberdeen 
 Musical Association. 
 
 Walker, Joseph, tenor vocalist and 
 writer. Son of Thomas Walker (q.v.) He 
 was one of the founders of the Sacred Har- 
 monic Society. Author of " Walker's Chro- 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 429 
 
 WALKER. 
 
 matic Solmization," London [1825] ; " Pocket 
 Memorial for the musical tyro," London, 
 1835. 
 
 Walker, Joseph Cooper, writer and 
 musician, born at Dublin, November, 1760 ; 
 died at St. Valery, near Bray, April 12, 1810. 
 Author of Historical Memoirs of the Irish 
 Bards, interspersed with anecdotes and oc- 
 casional observations on the IMusic of 
 Ireland. ..." Dublin, 1786. " An Historical 
 account and critical essay on the Opera, and 
 on the revival of the drama in Italy," Edin- 
 burgh, 1805. " Memoirs of Alessandro Tas- 
 soni, edited by S. Walker," 1815. Other 
 works, chiefly on Irish antiquities. 
 
 Walker, Lawrence, organist and pianist. 
 Studied at Armagh Cathedral, and at the 
 Raff Conservatorium, at Frankfort, and gained 
 high praise for a pf. trio performed at a 
 concert there, July 9, 1889. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac. Cambridge, 1891 ; is also B.A., Dublin. 
 Organist of St. James's Church, Belfast, in 
 which place he is resident as a teacher. He 
 has composed a setting of Psalm 137, for soli-- 
 chorus, strings, and organ. 
 
 Walker, Reginald, H., musician, was 
 born in 1839. He was the youngest son of 
 J. H. Walker, music master of Rugby School. 
 Died at Kingstown, Ireland, in October, 1876. 
 Composer of " Jerusalem," a cantata, and 
 other vocal music. 
 
 Walker, Thomas, composer and alto 
 vocalist, was born at London in 1764. 
 Teacher in Loudon. Died at Queenhithe, 
 July 5, 1827. Composer of " Anthems and 
 set pieces for 2, 3, 4, and 5, voices," London 
 [1808] ; " Walker's Companion to Dr. Rippon's 
 Tune Book," London, 1811, 2 vols. ; also 
 1815. Songs and other vocal music. 
 
 Wallace, Frank M., violinist, son of 
 Paul Wallace, was a pupil of A. C. Mackenzie, 
 and studied later at Leipzig Conservatorium 
 under F. David and others. For some years 
 he was a member of the principal London 
 orchestras; but failing health caused him to 
 leave England in 1886, and take up his abode 
 in New Zealand. He has given concerts at 
 Christchurch ; is the conductor of a musical 
 society there ; and holds a good position as a 
 violinist. 
 
 Wallace, Lady Maxwell, horn Grace 
 Stein, born at Edinburgh about 1815. 
 Married in 1836 to Sir James Maxwell 
 Wallace. She died in 1878. Translated 
 " Letters from Italy and Switzerland, by 
 Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy," London, 1862 
 (2 editions) ; " Letters of Felix Mendelssohn- 
 Bartholdy, from 1833 to 1847 ..." 1863 ; 
 " Letter of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, 1769- 
 1791 ..." London, 1865 ; " Beethoven's 
 Letters, 1790-1826," London, 1866, 2 vols. ; 
 " Letters of Distinguished Musicians, Gluck, 
 Haydn, P. E. Bach, Weber, Mendelssohn," 
 
 WALLACE. 
 
 London, 1867 ; " Reminiscences of Felix 
 Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, by Elise Polko," 
 London, 1869. 
 
 Wallace, William, composer, born at 
 Greenock in 1860. Educated at Fettes 
 College, Edinburgh, and afterwards entered 
 upon a course of medical study, which was 
 continued at Vienna. He had already com- 
 menced to compose music, and on going to 
 London he entered the R.A.M., and decided 
 his career. In 1890 a scena of his was per- 
 formed at the Academy concerts. 
 
 Works. — Orchestral : Suite in A (based on 
 Ibsen's Tbe Lady of the Sea), produced by 
 the Stock Exchange Orchestral Society, 
 February 18, 1892; Symphonic Poem, The 
 Passing of Beatrice, Crystal Palace, November 
 26, 1892 ; Prelude to the Eumenides of 
 .^schylus, the same, October 21, 189-3; 
 Concert overture. In Praise of Scottis Poesie, 
 the same, November 17, 1894 ; Symphonic 
 prelude, Amboss oder Hammer (on Goethe's 
 Kophtisches Lied), thfe same, October 17, 
 1896. Trio in A, pf. and strings ; Suite in 
 Olden Style, pf. The Rhapsody of Mary 
 Magdelene, Queen's Hall, December 15, 1896 ; 
 Lyric from Prometheus Unbound, with 
 accompaniment for violin and jaf. ; Six Songs 
 (Heine) ; Cycle of Spanish Songs for 4 voices ; 
 Madrigal, In a glorious garden green, etc. 
 
 Wallace, William Vincent, composer, 
 pianist, and violinist, was born at Waterford, 
 June 1, 1814. Son of Scottish parents, his 
 father being an army bandmaster and bassoon 
 player. On the removal of the family to 
 Dublin, young Wallace frequently appeared 
 at concerts as a violinist from 1829, and in 
 1834 he played a concerto of his own com- 
 position at a concert. He married, first, Miss 
 Kelly, from whom he soon separated, and 
 about 1836 went to Australia, and travelled 
 about there, in New Zealand, India, and 
 South America. He appeared in London in 
 1845, and produced his operas, but soon after 
 resumed his wanderings, this time visiting 
 the United States as well as South America. 
 In 1850 he married HeMne Stoepel, who had 
 some vogue as a pianist. He died at the 
 Chateau de Bagen, Haute Garonne, Prance, 
 October 12, 1865. 
 
 Works . — Operas : Maritana, London 
 (Drury Lane), November 15, 1845 ; Matilda 
 of Hungary, London, 1847 ; Lurline, London 
 (Covent Garden), February, 1860 ; The Amber 
 Witch, London, February, 1861 ; Love's 
 Triumph, London, November, 1862; The 
 Desert Flower, London, October, 1863 ; The 
 Maid of Zurich (never performed) ; Estrella 
 (unfinished) ; Gulnare, operetta; Olga, op- 
 eretta. Cantata : May Pole (E. Oxenford). 
 Four Hymns by J. Keble. Corin for Cleora 
 dying, four-part song. Pianoforte: AirRusse; 
 Barcarolle; Caprice heroique; Chant d' Amour, 
 
480 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL lUOGKAPHY, 
 
 WALLBRIDGE. 
 
 op. 26 ; Chant des Pelerines, op. 19 ; Danse 
 Cossaque ; Fairy march ; Gondellied [1859] ; 
 La Gondola, op. 18 ; IMazurka-etude ; Grand 
 mazurka guerrier ; Premier nocturne [1856] ; 
 Three nocturnes, op. 20 ; Nocturnes, op. 32 ; 
 Polka de concert ; Le Reve, romance, op. 21 ; 
 Ronrances. op. 25, .36 ; Six valses ; Tarantellas ; 
 Village Festival ; Woodland murmurs ; Le 
 Zephyr, op. 47 ; numerous transcriptions of 
 popular airs and arrangements from operas. 
 Songs : Alice ; Autumn (1853) ; If doughty 
 deeds ; Hope in absence ; Katie Strang ; 
 Winds that waft my sighs to thee ; Silent 
 love; Bellringer (1860); Coming of the flowers ; 
 Gipsy maid ; Star of love ; Wood-nymph ; 
 etc. His life, which was full of adventure 
 and somewhat romantic, was written by 
 Arthur Pougin under the title of " William 
 Vincent Wallace, 6tude biographique et 
 critique," Paris, 1866. In 1896 a concert was 
 given in London for the benefit of Wallace's 
 sou. 
 
 His sister Eliza was a distinguished 
 violinist and vocalist ; who toured in EuroiDe 
 and America as a concert giver. She was 
 married to John Bushelle. Settled latterly 
 in Australia as a teacher, and died at Sydney 
 in August, 1878. 
 
 Wallbridge, Arthur, see Lunn, Wm. 
 A. B. 
 
 Wallis, Ebenezer John, amateur com- 
 poser, born in London, May 9, 1831 ; died at 
 Sutton-at-Hone, Kent, October 26, 1879. 
 Composer of " Barossa," a popular hymn tune, 
 which was issued in " Anthems, canticles, 
 and hymns," 1869. 
 
 Wallis, John, mathematician and writer, 
 bom at Ashford, Kent, November 23, 1616 ; 
 died at London, October 28, 1703. Author of 
 " Observations concerning the swiftness of 
 sound," London, 1672; " Claudii Ptolem^i 
 Harmonicorum. ." Oxford, 1680. Also num- 
 erous papers on musical subjects in the 
 Philosophical Transactions. 
 
 Wallworth, Thomas Adiington, com- 
 poser, teacher, and writer, born at Liverpool, 
 January 18, 1831. The family removed to 
 Huddersfield when he was two years old. He 
 was taught the Lancashire sol-fa by Jackman. 
 of Huddersfield ; sang as a baritone at Liver- 
 pool. Entered the R.A.M. in 1848, studying 
 chiefly under Crivelli. Sang in the first per- 
 formance of Bach's Passion (St. Matthew), 
 given by the Bach Society at the Hanover 
 Square Rooms, April 6, 1854. Toured with 
 the Pyne and Harrison opera company, and 
 for many years was actively engaged in con- 
 cert work. He was appointed professor of 
 singing at the G.S.M. from its opening ; also 
 professor, R.A.M., to 1890, and F.R.A.M., and 
 Associate of the Philharmonic Society. His 
 health failing he left England in October, 
 1886, to reside at Cape Town. Among his 
 
 WALSH. 
 
 pupils were Madame Valleria, Mr. Tver 
 McKay, and others who have made a reputa- 
 tion. He composed an operetta, " Kevin's 
 Choice," produced at the Adelphi Theatre, 
 March 25, 1882 ; a prize glee. Up, Sailor boy 
 (1865) ; and other vocal pieces. Author of A 
 Course of Study and Practice for the Voice ; 
 Art of Voice Training and Vocalisation. 
 
 Walmisley, Thomas Forbes, composer 
 and organist, born at London in 1783. He 
 was a chorister in Westminster Abbey, and 
 studied under Attwood. Married eldest 
 daughter of Wm. Capon, 1810. Organist of 
 St. Martin-in-the-Fields, London, 1812. He 
 died at London, July 23, 1866. 
 
 WoKKs. — Six Glees for 3, 4, 5, and 6 voices, 
 London, 1814 ; A Collection of Glees, Trios, 
 Rounds, and Canons, London, 1826 ; Six 
 Glees, dedicated to the Catch Club, London, 
 1830 ; Six Glees for 4 voices, 3rd collection, 
 London, 1830, ; Six Glees, 4th collection, 
 London ; many single glees, including prize 
 glees, etc. Six Anthems and a short Morning 
 and Evening Service, London, n.d. Sacred 
 Songs, London, 1841. Songs. 
 
 Walmisley, Thomas Attwood, organist 
 and composer, born at London, January 21, 
 1814. Son of above. He studied under 
 Attwood, who was his godfather. Organist of 
 Croydon Church, 1830, and of Trinity and St. 
 John's Colleges, Cambridge, 1833. Mus. Bac. 
 Cantab., 1833. Professor of Music at Cam- 
 bridge, 1836. B.A., 1838 ; M.A., 1841. Mus. 
 Doc. Cantab., 1848. He died at Hastings, 
 January 17, 1856. 
 
 Works. — Cathedral INIusic, a collection of 
 services and anthems, London, 1857, edited 
 by T. F. Walmisley. Odes on installation of 
 Duke of Northumberland (1842) and Prince 
 Albert (1849) as chancellors of Cambridge 
 University. Collection of Chants with the 
 responses in use at the chapels of King's, 
 Trinity, and St. John's Colleges, Cambridge, 
 London [1845]. Choral hjmm in four parts. 
 Cambria, trio. Four songs by ]\Irs. Elliott 
 (1854) ; Chatelar to Mary, Queen of Scots, 
 and other songs. 
 
 Walond, William, organist and composer 
 of the 18th century, was a member of Christ 
 Church, Oxford, and in or about 1757 graduated 
 as Mus. Bac. He comx^osed an ode " St. 
 Cecilia's Day" (1790), by Pope, and other 
 works. Another William Walond, probably 
 the son of the above, was born about 1750. 
 He was organist of Chichester Cathedral, and 
 died at Chichester, February 9, 1836. He 
 composed some music for the church. 
 
 Walsh, George, organist, who succeeded 
 Rosingrave at Christ Church Cathedral, 
 Dublin. He died in 1765. 
 
 Walsh, Thomas, teacher of singing, was 
 born in the latter part of the 18th century. 
 He was proprietor of the Argyle Rooms, Lou- 
 
BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 481 
 
 WALSH, 
 
 'don, when the Philharmonic Society gave its 
 concerts there. Best known as a successful 
 voice trainer. Kitty Stephens was one of 
 many distinguislied vocalists trained by him. 
 He died at Brighton, January 24, 1848. 
 
 Walsh, William J., musician, issued 
 " Grammar of Gregorian Music, with numer- 
 ous exercises and examples," Dublin, 1885. 
 
 Walshe, Walter Hayle, physician and 
 writer, born at Dublin in 1816. Author of 
 " Dramatic Singing Physiologically estimated" 
 London, 1881. 
 
 Walter, Ida, composer of the present time. 
 Niece of chief proprietor of the Times. 
 Studied at R.A.M. Composer of an opera, 
 *' Plorian," produced. Novelty Theatre, July 
 14, 1886 ; also of The Sea hath its pearls ; 
 O let the solid ground ; and otlier songs. 
 
 Walter, John, coinposer and organist, of 
 latter part of 17tb and beginning of the 18th 
 centuries. He was organist of Elton College 
 early in the 18th century. Composer of 
 music for the church. Was teacher of John 
 Weldon. 
 
 Walters, Dr. Allan, conductor of the 
 Musical Union, Brisbane, Queensland, Aus- 
 tralia, is the composer of a Jubilee Ode, for 
 chorus and orchestra, produced, Brisbane, 
 June, 1887. He is said to be doing good 
 service to music in his district. 
 
 Walthew, Richard H., pianist and com- 
 poser. Pupil of Dr. Hubert Parry, at R.C.M. 
 First came into notice by playing a pf. con- 
 certo of his own at a concert of the Strolling 
 Players, Queen's Hall, May 3, 1894. An 
 orchestral suite, and a Festival overture, have 
 been performed by the Stock Exchange Soc- 
 iety, 1895-6 ; and the Highbury Philharmonic 
 Society produced his setting of Browning's 
 Pied Piper of Hamelin (for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra), in 1893. He has also composed a 
 Festival March for orchestra ; Trio, pf. and 
 strings ; pieces for clarinet and pf . ; Snow- 
 drops, cantata for female voices ; songs, etc. 
 
 Walton, Rev. C. B., amateur musician. 
 Sometime vicar (or curate?) of St. James's, 
 Ogley Hay, compiled "A selection of original 
 chants, hymn tunes, kyries, etc.," Birming- 
 ham, Harrison [1880]. 
 
 Walton, Emanuel, composer and or- 
 ganist, of first half of present century. Com- 
 poser of " An original set of psalm and hynm 
 tunes, arranged for four voices," Leeds [1810] ; 
 " Church psalmody, selected and arranged for 
 four voices," London [1830]; Walton's 
 psalmody, 2nd edition [1835] . Songs : How 
 sleep the brave ; Kadiant queen ; When 
 the sun is fast declining, and other vocal 
 music. 
 
 Wanless, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser of the latter part of the 17th and early 
 part of the 18th centuries. He graduated 
 Mus. Bac. Cambridge in 1698, and afterwards 
 
 WARD. 
 
 became organist of York Minster. He died 
 in 1721. Composer of the " York Litany " and 
 some anthems. 
 
 Ward, Adelaide, see Newton, Mrs. Alex. 
 
 Ward, Cornelius, organist, composer, 
 and writer, born at Speen, Buckinghamshire, 
 June 29, 1814. Organist and teacher at Speen. 
 
 Works. — Prodigal Son, oratorio ; Nativity, 
 cantata ; Seraphic tidings, ode. Buckingham- 
 shire Melodist, a new set of psalm and hymn 
 tunes, London, 1844. Wesleyan Minstrel, 
 comprising a set of tunes adapted to all the 
 varieties of metre in the Rev. J. Wesley's 
 hymn book [1854] . The Choristor, 5 vols. ; 
 Choral Beauties, 2 vols. The Flute explained 
 being an examination of the principles of its 
 structure and action, London, 1844. Anthems, 
 songs, etc. He also edited a reprint of 
 Nicholds' oratorio, "Babylon." 
 
 Ward, Francis Marshall, bass vocalist, 
 organist, and conductor, born at Lincoln, 
 December 26, 1830. Educated as a chorister at 
 Lincoln Cathedral, and in 1845 was appointed 
 organist of St. Peter in Eastgate, Lincoln. 
 Was elected principal bass at Hereford 
 Cathedral, 1851, and during the next twenty 
 years sang a good deal in oratorio and general 
 concert work. Organist and choirmaster 
 Abergavenny Parish Church, 1856 ; St. Mary's, 
 Lincoln, 1857. Was bandmaster of the 1st 
 Lincolnshire Volunteers when the movement 
 started, and won several prizes at brass band 
 contests. Removed to Nottingham about 
 1867, and was organist of Lenton Parish 
 Church, and after holding similar appoint- 
 ments at other churches, was appointed in 
 1894 to Broad Street Wesley Chapel, where 
 an orchestra is employed on Sanday Evenings. 
 Was organist and music master at the Blind 
 Iiistitution, Nottinghom, for ten years ; and 
 has conducted societies at Lincoln and other 
 places. The Nottingham Philharmonic 
 
 Society, under his dii'ection, won the prize of 
 £100 at the Liverpool Exhibition, 1886. He 
 is also musical director of the Nottingham 
 Glee Club. His compositions include a 
 Minuet for orchestra, church services, anthems, 
 songs, and part-songs, only a few of which 
 are published. His daughters, Lily, a soprano, 
 and Jessie a contralto vocalist, have sung in 
 the Midlands and the North with success 
 since 1885. 
 
 Ward, Frederick, violinist and composer, 
 born in Birmingham, December 26, 1845. 
 Principal violinist in orchestral concerts, 
 Birmingham, and in great request in the 
 Midlands as a soloist. Member of the Bir- 
 mingham Festival Orchestra. Has composed 
 a concert overture for orchestra ; two concertos 
 for clarinet and orchestra ; a sextet, and 
 ten quartets for strings ; pieces for violin ; 
 songs, jjart-songs, etc. 
 
 Ward, John, composer of the 16th and 
 
432 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 WARD. 
 
 17th centuries. He died about 1640. Com- 
 posed "The Fii-st Sot of Enghsh Madrigals, 
 to 3, 4, 5, and 6 parts, apt both for viols and 
 voyces ; with a Mourning Song in memory of 
 Prince Henry.." London, 1613. Songs in 
 Leighton's "Teares," and service and anthem 
 in Barnard's collection. 
 
 Ward, John, English writer, author of 
 " Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, 
 to which is periixed the life of the founder, 
 Sir Thomas Gresham, with an appendix con- 
 sisting of orations, etc..." London, 1740. 
 Contains lives of Bull, Clayton, Taverner, and 
 other professors of music. 
 
 Ward, John Charles, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Upper Clapton, London, March 
 27, 1835. Entered the choir of the Temple 
 Church with his brother, E. J. Ward (noticed 
 below), in 1842, remaining there until 1848. 
 Studied pf. under his father, violin under 
 Howard Glover, and concertina with George 
 Case. Played a concertina solo at Crosby 
 Hall, December 2, 184G, and for a long time 
 was known as a virtuoso on the instrument. 
 He has been organist successively at Bride- 
 well Hospital Ch ipel, 1852 ; St. John's 
 Chapel, Hampstead, 1853 ; Eaton Chapel, 
 Eaton Square, 1856 ; Christ Church, Hamp- 
 stead, 1863 ; Quebec Chapel, 1868 ; Holy 
 Trinity, Haverstock Hill, 1884 ; Christ Church, 
 Streatham Hill, 1886; and St. Mary the 
 Virgin, Primrose Hill, from 1890. Member 
 of the Leslie Choir from its foundation in 
 1855, and organist and assistant-conductor 
 from 1856 to 1885. For his services as or- 
 ganist when the choir visited Paris in 1878, 
 he was awarded a medal. He has given organ 
 recitals in various places. 
 
 WofiKS.— Motet, Thy Word is a Lantern, 
 double choir ; Sanctus, double choir (sung by 
 Leslie's Choir) ; Cantata, The Wood ; Testi- 
 monial Ode ; A Psalm of Life, men's chorus 
 and orchestra ; Church services ; anthem, I 
 am the Resurrection, In Memoriam, Henry 
 Leslie. Collection of hymn tunes and chants. 
 Lives of great men ; Rove not to the Rhine ; 
 and other part-songs. Trios, Faith, Hope, 
 for soprano, mezzo-soprano, and tenor. 
 Car:itata, The Swedish Singers, female voices. 
 Fugue on the Sailor's Hornpipe, orchestra, 
 written for the Bradford Permanent Orchestra. 
 Organ: Nautical Symphony in four move- 
 ments ; Prelude and Fugue, Westminster 
 Chimes ; Prelude and March, Wedding Chimes; 
 Fugue on London New, etc. Fugues and 
 other pieces for pf. Trio, for ^Eola, 'cello, and 
 bass concertina ; Minuet for 3 concertinas ; 
 Polonaise in E flat, pf. and concertina, etc. 
 Mr. Ward invented a new form of piano, and 
 the Harmonic Angelute. 
 
 His two sisters and brother were musicians. 
 The elder sister Emily (Mrs. Alexander New- 
 ton) is separately noticed. The second, Eliza 
 
 WARE. 
 
 A. Ward, is a pianist and vocalist. Was the 
 pianist of the concert party on tour with 
 Jenny Lind, when Sims Reeves, Mrs. A. New- 
 ton, F. Lablache, and other singers were 
 included ; and was one of the original members 
 of Leslie's Choir. Resident in London as 
 teacher. His brother, R. J. Ward, Vjorn in 
 1813, was a chorister at the Temple Church, 
 1842-6. Afterwards he studied the slide- 
 trumpet, and became eminent as a performer. 
 He belonged to the Royal Italian Opera, and 
 other leading orchestras. While officiating 
 at a concert at Brighton he had an apoplectic 
 stroke which closed his professional career ; 
 but he survived for fifteen years, and so far 
 recovered as to be able to walk from ten to 
 fourteen miles a day without fatigue. His 
 remaining years were devoted to the ameliora- 
 tion of the sufferings of others, by remedial 
 appliances so successful in his own case. He 
 died at East Dulwich, January 22, 1884, aged 
 53. Clementine, daughter of J. C. Ward, is 
 resident organist of St. Saviour's Hospital, 
 Osnaburg Street, London. She has sung at 
 her father's organ recitals, and is the composer 
 of a March, Gavotte, and " Dickens Series " 
 of little pieces, etc., for pf. Evelyn, another 
 daughter, born at Hampstead, January 9, 
 18G5, is a soprano vocalist. She studied under 
 her father, and took leading parts in various 
 comic operas in England and the United 
 States of America, from 1884 to 1893, when 
 she retired from the stage. She married Mr. 
 Hamilton Tetley. 
 
 Ware, Alfred, musician, issued " Sacred 
 Melodies, containing Psalm, Hymn, and 
 Anthems, arranged for the Violin," London 
 [1852] . 
 
 Ware, George, composer and writer, was 
 born in 1762 ; died at Liverpool in 1850. Son 
 of George Ware (1723 : London, March 7, 
 1814), a teacher and composer of vocal music. 
 George, the younger, composed glees, songs, 
 and rondos, and other music for the i^f., and 
 wrote " A Dictionary of musical chords, 
 arranged so as to find any modulation by 
 various methods, through the twelve half- 
 tones," London, n.d. 
 
 Ware, William Henry, composer and 
 violinist, was another son of George Ware, 
 the elder. For some years he was leader at 
 Covent Garden Theatre, but no further trace 
 of his career seems to have been preserved. 
 
 Works. — Micsic to Flays, Pantomimes, etc. : 
 Aladdin, 1813 ; Bonifacio and Bridgetina, 1808 ; 
 Cariolanus, 1806 ; Cymbeline, 1806 ; Don 
 John, 1821 ; Grand tour, 1820 ; Harlequin 
 and ]\Iother Bunch, 1821 ; Harlequin and 
 Mother Goose, 1806; Harlequin and the 
 sylph of the oak, 1816 ; Macbeth, 1806 ; Mon- 
 trose, 1822; Ogre, 1807; Two galley slaves, 
 1822 ; Undine, 1821 ; Vision of the sun, 1823 ; 
 Zembuca, 1815. Six ballads and songs, [1835] . 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 433 
 
 WAREHAM. 
 
 Three duets for two violins, op. 2 ; Trio for 
 two violins and 'cello, etc. 
 
 Wareham, Edwin James, tenor vocalist 
 and organist, born at Wimborne, Dorset, 
 September 16, 1864. Having a good soprano 
 voice he was a successful concert singer at 
 eight years of age, and when twelve was 
 appointed at one of the churches in Wim- 
 borne. In 1881, he was appointed organist of 
 Woodbridge Parish Church, and conductor 
 of the East Suffolk Church Choir Union ; 
 moving, in 1884, to Glasgow, as organist of 
 Claremont Church. A year later he succeeded 
 the late Channon Cornwall, as organist and 
 accompanist to the Glasgow Choral Union. 
 He also frequently conducted the rehearsals ; 
 and played the organ at the great Jubilee 
 service in the Cathedral, 1887, and at the 
 opening of the Exhibition, 1888. His next 
 appointment was to St. George's, Albemarle 
 Street, London, 1890, where he greatly im- 
 proved the musical services. He now resumed 
 the studv of singing at the Guildhall School, 
 under T. A. Wallworth, and at the R.A.M., 
 under W. H. Cummings. Made his cUhtit in 
 opera at the Olympic Theatre, October, 1892, 
 as the poet in "Eugene Onegin " ; created 
 the part of Geoffrey Norreys in Thomas's 
 " Golden Web," produced at Liverpool, Feb- 
 ruary, 189-3. Appeared in Grand Opera, 
 Covent Garden, 1895 ; at Richter Concerts, 
 1893; Crystal Palace, 1894, etc. Sang in 
 South Africa, 1896-7, and at first Festival 
 in Johannesburg, 1897. 
 
 Wareing, Herbert Walter, composer 
 and organist, born in Birmingham, April 5, 
 1857. Studied under Dr. C. Swimierton 
 Heap, and at Leipzig Conservatorium, under 
 Reinecke, Jadassohn, E. F. Richter, and 
 others. Graduated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 
 1882; Mus. Doc, 1886. Has held organ 
 appointments at St. John's, Wolverhampton, 
 1876-9 ; Edgbaston Parish Church, 1881-8 ; 
 and since 1891, at King's Norton Parish 
 Church. Resident at King's Norton, engaged 
 in composition, and teaching. He is professor 
 of the pf. at Malvern College, and has other 
 important engagements. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas, Prayer and Praise 
 (Mus. Bac. Exercise) ; New Year's Eve (Ex- 
 ercise for Mus. Doc.) ; The Wreck of the 
 Hesperus, for tenor and bass soli, chorus and 
 orchestra, 1895. Church service in G ; An- 
 thems, part-songs, songs, etc. Concert over- 
 ture in F (Birmi'igham, 1879) ; String quartet 
 in F (performed at the Hauptpriifung, Leipzig, 
 1876) ; Ten concert pieces for violin and pf. ; 
 Two pieces for violoncello and pf. ; Pieces for 
 organ and pf. 
 
 Waring, William, musician of latter 
 part of 18th century. Translator of Rous- 
 seau's " Dictionnaire of INIusique " as com- 
 plete Dictionary of Music, consisting of a 
 
 WARNER. 
 
 copious explanation of all words necessary to 
 a true knowledge and understanding of music, 
 translated from the original French of J. J. 
 Rousseau," London, 1770; 2nd edition [1779]. 
 
 Warman, John Watson, organist and 
 writer, born at Canterbury, August 12, 1842. 
 Son of a private schoolmaster, and descended 
 from a familj' of French Huguenot refugees. 
 Received a few lessons from Dr. Longhurst, 
 and E. H. Thorne, otherwise self-educated in 
 music. Articled to organ building about 
 1858. Was assistant organist at Ashford 
 Church, Kent, 1862 ; organist at Hunton 
 Bridge, near Watford, 1865 ; afterwards at 
 Faringdon, Berks., and Hove, Sussex. Went 
 to Quebec in 1872 as organist of the Anglican 
 Cathedral there, but returned at the end of a 
 year. He then, for the purpose of acquiring 
 practical knowledge, worked for some months 
 as an ordinary journeyman at Hill's organ 
 factory, London. Returned to Canterbury in 
 1877, and was sometime local examiner for 
 R.C.M. In 1887 he removed to Thornton 
 Heath, Croydon, where he is giving himself 
 up entirely to literary work. Author of a 
 series of papers on Counterpoint, published in 
 Musical Opinion, vols. v. and vi., and other 
 contributions to various periodicals. The 
 Organ, its compass, etc., London, Wm. Reeves, 
 1884. Now engaged on a large bibliography 
 of organ, structural, musical, and mechanical 
 works allied. He has composed a few hymn 
 tunes, chants, etc. 
 
 Warne, George, composer and organist, 
 was born in 1792. He was blind, but for a 
 number of years held the appointment of 
 organist at the Temple Church, London. 
 Died at Bath, October 29, 1868. 
 
 Works. — Set of psalm tunes, as sung at the 
 Temple Church, London [1838] . Songs : 
 Broken gold ; Come away to the grot ; Even- 
 ing song ; bring me my harp ; We meet 
 again in heaven. Quadrilles, galops, and 
 other music for the pf. 
 
 Warner, Daniel, musician, who was a 
 singing master at the end of the 17th and 
 beginning of the 18th centuries. Compiler of 
 the " Devout Singer's Guide, containing all 
 the common tunes now in use, with select 
 portions of the psalms adapted to each tune," 
 London, 1711. " Singing Master's Guide," 
 1719. The " Devout Singer's Guide " is 
 recommended by Warner, so he may not have 
 actually compiled it. 
 
 Warner, Harry Ernest, organist, i^ianist 
 and composer, born at Isleworth, Middlesex, 
 July 1, 1859. Received his first lesson from 
 the organist of the Parish Church, whose 
 deputy he became at the age of fourteen. 
 Later, he studied with the Rev. Dr. Hayden, 
 M.A., and when eighteen was appointed 
 organist and choirmaster of Brentford Parish 
 Church, which he left seven years later for the 
 
 C2 
 
434 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 WARREN. 
 
 Royal Church, Kew, where he is still in office. 
 Honorary local examiner for R.C.M. Though 
 busily engaged in concerts and teaching, he 
 has found time for composition, and his 
 works include two Cantatas for female voices, 
 "Merry May" (1891), and "The Golden 
 Valley " (1893). Also anthems, O God have 
 mercy ; If ye love me ; hymn tunes, part- 
 songs, seventeen part-songs for female voices, 
 etc. — " La Felicite," orchestra ; Air de ballet, 
 string quartet ; Romance in D, pf. and strings ; 
 Royal Bridal March, military band ; Reverie, 
 for violin, harp, ]pf., and organ; pieces for 
 violin and pf., and pf. solo, etc., etc. 
 
 Warren, Ambrose, author of "The Ton- 
 ometer, explaining and demonstrating by an 
 easy method in numbers and proportions, all 
 the 32 distinct and different notes, adjuncts, 
 or supplements contained in each of four 
 octives inclusive of the gamut.." London, 
 1725. 
 
 Warren, Edmund Thomas, music-pub- 
 lisher and collector, was born about 1780. 
 He was engaged in business in London and 
 acted as Secretary of the Catch Club. He 
 died in 1794. Editor of "Reliques of ancient 
 music," and " Vocal Harmony," a collection 
 of catches and glees, issued in parts. 
 
 Warren, Joseph, organist and composer, 
 born at London, March 20, 1804. He studied 
 music under J. Stone, and from 1843 was 
 organist and choirmaster of St. Mary's Roman 
 Catholic Chapel, Chelsea. He died at Bexley, 
 Kent, March 8, 1881. 
 
 Works. — Selection of Cathedral Chants 
 [1840]. Selection of one hundred chants, 
 London, 1845. RepertoriumMusicse Antiquse, 
 London, 1848 (with John Bishop). Collection 
 of psalm and hymn tunes, 1850-54, 4 vols. 
 Hymns and canticles, 1852. The burial service 
 as performed at the funeral of the Duke of 
 Wellington. .London, 1853. Hymns of Job. 
 Sebastian Bach, London, n.d. Theoretical , 
 etc. : Hints to young organists, London, 1844. 
 Biographical dictionary of deceased musicians, 
 London, 1845 and later editions. Chanter's 
 hand-gi;ide, London, 1845. Hints to young 
 composers, London, 1846. Writing for the 
 orchestra, 1846. Instruction book for the 
 organ, London, n.d. Instructions for the 
 harmonium, London , 1852. Complete instruc- 
 tions for the concertina [1855] . Introduction 
 and observations on the mode of singing 
 catches, rounds, canons, glees, and madrigals, 
 London, n.d. Most of these works were 
 publi.shed in various editions, chiefly by R. 
 Cocks and Co. 
 
 Warren, Samuel P., organist and pianist, 
 born at Montreal, Canada, February 18, 1841. 
 Son of S. R. Warren, organ builder (died, 
 Toronto, 1882). Studied locally, and was 
 organist at a church in ]\Iontreal, 1853-61. 
 Then went to Berlin and studied under 
 
 WARWICK. 
 
 Haupt, G. Schumann, Wieprecht, and others, 
 1861-4. Returned to America in 1864, and 
 the next year became organist of All Souls' 
 Church, New York. From 1874 he was 
 organist of Holy Trinity, New York, for two 
 years, his latest appointment being at Grace 
 Church in that city. For a number of years 
 he has given a series of organ recitals, 
 embracing the entire literature for the instru- 
 ment. He is also known as an excellent 
 pianist. His compositions consist of church 
 services, anthems, and songs. 
 
 Warren, William, organist and com- 
 poser, was born in the latter part of the 18th 
 century. He was organist of Christ Church 
 Cathedral, Dublin, 1814, and graduated Mus. 
 Doc, Dublin. Died at Dublin in July, 1841. 
 Composer of a prize glee, " Shepherds, hither 
 come," 1802, and others. 
 
 Warriner, John, organist, pianist, and 
 writer, born at Bourton, Shropshire, May 12, 
 1858. Pupil of Chevalier de Val (Brussels), 
 and G. Riselev. Organist of Dunster Parish 
 Church, 1880", and concurrently, 1884-7, of 
 St. Andrew's, and the Parish Church, Mine- 
 head. Conductor of Dunster Philharmonic 
 Society, which gave some excellent concerts 
 with orchestra ; and organ recitalist. Grad- 
 uated Mus. Bac, 1887; Mus. Doc, 1892, 
 Dublin. In 1887 he was appointed to St. 
 Matthew's, Denmark Hill, London, where he 
 introduced oratorio serivces as he had done at 
 Dunster. Conductor of Walthamstow Musi- 
 cal Society, 1898. Professor of pf., T.C.L., 
 1890, and examiner there, 1894. His com- 
 positions are, Psalm 30, for soli, five-part 
 chorus, organ, and strings; Psalm 13, for soli, 
 eight-part chorus and orchestra ; and orches- 
 tral works in MS. He has published some 
 church music, and pieces for organ, pf., etc. 
 Author of a primer on Transposition, Novello ; 
 Editor tf National Portrait Gallery of British 
 Musicians, Sampson Low, 1896. Editor for 
 two years of The Minim. 
 
 Warrington, Frederick, bass vocalist, 
 of Toronto, Canada, has sung at the leading 
 concerts in the Dominion. He took part in 
 the first festival held at Toronto, in June, 
 1886 ; sang in the Jubilee performance of 
 "Elijah," Toronto, November 28, 1896; and 
 has a good reputation as a vocalist, and choir 
 trainer. 
 
 Warwick, Giulia, soprano vocalist, pupil 
 of IMadame Sainton-Dolby. Sang at concerts 
 in London, and on tour with Wilhelmj, in 
 1877. Was a member of the Carl Rosa Opera 
 Coinpany, 1879-82 ; and later, sang in comic 
 opera. Formed a company of her own, and 
 produced, for the first time, an English ver- 
 sion of Vasseur's " IMadame Cartouche," at 
 Leicester, September, 1891. In 1894 she was 
 appointed professor of deportment, etc., at 
 the Guildhall School of Music ; and in 1896, 
 
J5.1UTISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 435 
 
 WARWICK. 
 
 professor of singing, succeeding her sister, 
 Alexandra Ehrenberg, who died September 
 2, 1896. She was a contralto singer, educated 
 at the R.A.M., of whicli she was an Associate. 
 For some years she sang in oratorio and other 
 concerts in London, and the provinces, appear- 
 ing at the Crystal Palace in 1883. In 1891 
 .she was apjDointed a professor of singing at 
 the Guildhall School. She died at the early 
 age of thirty-three. 
 
 Warwick, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser of 17th century. In 1625 he was lutenist 
 to Charles I., and in the same year succeeded 
 Orlando Gibbons as organist of the Chapel 
 Royal. He died sometime after 1641. His 
 son, Sir Philip Warwick, was secretary to the 
 Treasury in the time of Charles II. Composer 
 of a song in 40 parts, said to have been 
 performed in 1635. 
 
 Wass, John, composer, born in 1800; 
 died at London, in July, 1865. He was a 
 teacher of singing in London. Composer of 
 " The Foresters' Roundelay," a cantata, 1863 ; 
 Part-songs. Songs : Flower spirit ; Good 
 night to thee, etc. Pf. music. British Navy 
 quadrilles, etc. Finger exercises for the pf., 
 1843. Author of " Boosey's Universal Singing 
 ]\Iethod," London [1855]. 
 
 Waterhouse, George, organist and com- 
 poser of the latter half of the 16th century. 
 He was organist of Lincoln Cathedral, and 
 afterwards of Queen Elizabeth's private 
 chapel. In 1592 he graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford. He died in 1601. Composer of 
 canons, etc., none of which are known to be 
 extant. 
 
 Waterson, James, bandmaster, was a 
 pupil of James Waddell, and succeeded him 
 as bandmaster of the 1st Life Guards in 1876. 
 After his retirement from that post he was 
 appointed conductor of the band of the Viceroy 
 of India. He arranged a great deal of music 
 for military bands ; was the composer of a 
 dramatic overture, founded upon the " Tale 
 of Two Cities," by Charles Dickens, produced, 
 Alexandra Palace, February 19, 1876 ; a 
 quintet for wind instruments, etc. He was 
 one of the joint editors of the British Bands- 
 man when it started, October, 1887. He died, 
 October, 1893, and was buried in Windsor 
 Cemetery on the 13th. 
 
 Waterworth, Robert, musician, who 
 published " Original selection of Psalm and 
 Hvmn tunes, chants, and responses," Halifax 
 [1852]. 
 
 Watlen, John, musician of the latter 
 part of last and early part of the present 
 century. He seems to have been originally 
 in the navy, but afterwards becanre an assist- 
 ant toCorri and Co., music-sellers, Edinburgh, 
 previous to 1788. He next commenced busi- 
 ness as a tuner, teacher, and music-seller, on 
 his own account in the North Bridge, Edin- 
 
 WATSON. 
 
 burgh, but failed in 1798, and subsequently 
 went to London and started business in 
 Leicester Place, Leicester Square. He was 
 the first secretary of the Edinburgh Musical 
 Fund, established in 1790. Compiler of 
 " Celebrated circus tunes, performed at Edin- 
 burgh., with the addition of sonae new reels 
 and strathspeys, set for the pianoforte or 
 violin and bass," Edinburgh, n.d. [1791]. He 
 also issued a " Collection of old Scots songs," 
 1793, published in 12 parts ; " Watlen's Com- 
 plete collection of Scots songs, plain and 
 simple, without being Italianized in the least 
 ..," 1796. Watlen altered a reel of Robert 
 Petrie's to form the melody usually sung to 
 Burns' song, " Comin' thro' the Rye." His 
 compositions include Lord's Prayer, anthem ; 
 Anna, song ; Sonata for pf. or harpsichord 
 and violin, Edinburgh [1798] ; Grand sonata 
 for pf. and violin, op. 9, London [1800] ; 
 Edinburgh, grand march for pf. ; Glorious 
 battle of Trafalgar, pf. (1805), etc. 
 
 Watson, Alfred Reuben, violinist, com- 
 poser, and conductor, born at Nottingham, 
 July 22, 1845. Studied under T. Leeson 
 Selby, and the late Henry Farmer. Joined 
 the orchestra of the Theatre Royal, Notting- 
 ham, in 1871, and in 1876 succeeded IMr. 
 Leverton as musical director, a position he 
 retained until 1888. During that period he 
 composed and arranged the whole of the 
 music for the pantomimes produced there. 
 He conducted the first fortnight's perform- 
 ances of Byron's " Sardanaxjalus," when it 
 was produced at the Old Duke's Theatre, 
 London, 1878, and conducted the concerts at 
 Woodhall Spa, Lincolnshire, 1891-2-3. His 
 principal composition is a comic opera, 
 " Geraldine " (libretto by Edgar Wyatt), 
 which was produced at Nottingham, Septem- 
 ber 5, 1887, and which met with much success 
 at Brighton, Birmingham, Dublin, and else- 
 where diiring the following year. He has 
 also written music to various plays; for the 
 Llanchester Theatre Royal Pantomime, 1889 ; 
 a great number of pieces for violin and pf., 
 and some church music. 
 
 Watson, Henry, organist, pianist, com- 
 poser, and conductor, born at Burnley, Lan- 
 cashire, April 30, 1846. Studied music 
 privately. Graduated Mus. Bac, 1882 ; Mus. 
 Doc, 1887, Cambridge. Has held several 
 organ appointments, the last being at the 
 Congregational Church, Withington, Man- 
 chester. Established in 1867 (with Henry 
 Wilson), the Manchester Vocal Union, and 
 on the death of ]Mr. Wilson in 1885, became 
 conductor. He is also conductor of the Man- 
 chester Athenasum Musical Society ; Gentle- 
 men's Glee Club ; and societies at Stretford 
 and Stockport ; and conductor of the Choral 
 class at the Manchester Royal College of 
 Music. 
 
436 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 WATSON. 
 
 His works include Psalm 103, for soli, 
 chorus, and strings ; cantata, The deliverance 
 of Israel, for soli, chorus, and orchestra. Also 
 an opera, Fair Kosine, Manchester, 1882 ; A 
 Shakesperian cantata, 1890 ; Music to Antony 
 and Cleopatra (for Louis Calvert, IManchester, 
 1897) ; Part-songs, songs, etc. 
 
 Watson, James, amateur composer, born 
 at Glasgow, June 10, 1816. He identified 
 himself with the Free Church movement in 
 Scotland, and in 1845 he entered the firm of 
 ISfisbet and Co., publishers, London, as a 
 partner. He died at London, September 1, 
 1880. He aided in the compilation of " Psalms 
 and Hymns for Divine worship," 1867 ; and 
 composed the hymn tune "Holyrood," 
 generally included in Scottish collections. 
 
 Watson, John, co2iiposer and pianist of 
 latter part of 18th and beginning of 19th 
 centuries. He was composer to Covent 
 Garden Theatre, London. 
 
 Works. — Pride shall have a fall, musical 
 comedy by G. Croly, Covent Garden, 1824. 
 Musical Moralist, containing a collection of 
 songs and hymns. .London [1805]. Royal 
 Psalmist, or sacred melodies. .London [1825]. 
 Six favourite dances, pf. Songs and instru- 
 mental music. 
 
 Watson, Thomas, poet and nrusician of 
 the 16th century. He died in 1592. Composer 
 of "The first sett of Italian madrigals Eng- 
 lished, not to the sense of the original dittie, 
 but after the affection of the noate," London, 
 1590. 
 
 Watson, William Michael, composer 
 and poet, born at Newcastle-on-Tyne, July 
 31, 1840. He originally studied painting at 
 Leigh's School, London, along with Fred. 
 Walker, H. S. Marks, and others, but in 1860 
 he adopted music as his profession. In 1883 
 he established the West End School of Music 
 at London. He died at East Dulwich, Lon- 
 don, October 3, 1889. 
 
 WoBKS. — Aladdin, cantata, 1885. Songs : 
 Afloat ; Anchored ; Blush rose ; My country 
 calls me ; Powder monkey (1881) ; Quaker's 
 daughter ; Somebody's pride ; Talisman ; 
 Winter story, etc. Part-songs and pf. music. 
 He comi)osed under the pseudonym of Jules 
 Favre. 
 
 Watts, John, organist and composer, was 
 born in 1780. Teacher and arranger of music 
 in London. Died in Lambeth, London, Octo- 
 ber 16, 1854. He arranged Handel's 48 over- 
 tures for pf . or organ [1824] ; Mozart's quartets 
 for pf., and edited much instrumental music 
 of various kinds. 
 
 Watts, Joseph Virgo, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucester, 
 June 27, 1822. He studied music under Hul- 
 lah, INIainzer, and G. W. Martin. Subsequently 
 he became organist at Chromhall, Lydney, and 
 I3erkeley, all in Gloucestershire ; then held 
 
 WEBB. 
 
 appointments successively at IMidsomernorton 
 (Somerset) ; Box Parish Church (Wilts.) ; All 
 Saints' Chapel, Bath; Kensington, etc. After- 
 wards he became choir-master of the Abbey 
 Church, Bath, from which he retired in 1885. 
 He composed sonie church music, and pub- 
 lished " Original Hymn-Tunes, chants, kyries, 
 and chant services," 1876. 
 
 Watts, Thomas Isaac, organist and com- 
 poser. Studied at R.A.jM. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac, 1886; B.A., 1887; M.A., 1891, Ciuin- 
 bridge. F.R.C.O. He was Choral Scholar of 
 Queen's College, Cambridge, 1884-7 ; and in 
 1887 was appointed organist, choir-master, 
 and assistant master, Trinity College, Glenal- 
 mond, N.B., where he still remains. His 
 compositions are : Ps. 19, for tenor solo, chorus, 
 and strings ; Ode, The Ages of Almond, written 
 for the 50th anniversary of the foundation of 
 Trinity College, Glenalmond, 1892 ; an even- 
 ing service, hymn tunes, etc. 
 
 Waud, John Haydn, contrabassist and 
 violoncellist, born in London, March 9, 1848 ; 
 Principal double-bass at the Alexandra Palace, 
 1876 ; of the Glasgow Choral Union orchestra 
 tor many years ; and member of the Philhar- 
 monic and Provincial Festival orchestras; 
 principal double-bass, Birmingham Festival, 
 from 1891. ]\Iusical director at the Garrick 
 Theatre, and professor at G.S.M. Author of 
 a Progressive Tutor for the Double-Bass, Lon- 
 don, Augener, 1895. 
 
 Waylett, Mrs. Harriett, born Cooke, 
 soprano vocalist, was born at Bath, February 
 7, 1800. She studied under Loder, and first 
 appeared at Bath in 1816. In 1819 she mar- 
 ried a Mr. Waylett, but separated from him 
 in 1822. She afterwards married Geo. Alex. 
 Lee, the composer. She first appeared in 
 London in 1820 ; at Dublin in 1826 ; and she 
 afterwards sang at all the principal London 
 and provincial concerts. She died at London, 
 April 26, 1851. 
 
 Weale, William, or Wheall, organist and 
 composer, was organist of St. Paul's, Bedford, 
 from about 1715. Mus. Bac. Cantab., 1719. 
 He died at Bedford in August or September, 
 1727. Composer of the psalm tune " Bedford," 
 etc. 
 
 Weatherly, Frederic E., poet and com- 
 poser, born at Portishead in 1848. Educated 
 at Oxford and graduated B.A., 1871 ; M.A., 
 1874. Tutor in Oxford. Best known as 
 author of many of the most popular songs, 
 cantatas, etc. of the present day. He has 
 himself composed a number of songs, chiefly 
 to his own words. 
 
 Webb, Daniel, author and musician, born 
 at Taunton in 1735. Died at Bath, August 2, 
 1815. Author of " Observations on the Cor- 
 respondence between Poetry and Music," 
 London, 1769 (Anon). Peprinted in his. 
 "Miscellanies," 1802. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 437 
 
 WEBB. 
 
 Webb, F. Gilbert, organist, composer, 
 find critic. Studied under H. P. Frost. Has 
 
 been for some years organist of St. Lake's, 
 Bronipton, London. Is chiefly devoted to 
 musical literature, and has read papers before 
 the Musical Association, etc., contributed to 
 the Musical World and other periodicals ; and 
 is much associated with niusical criticism. 
 He has composed church music, songs, pieces 
 for violin and pf., etc. 
 
 Webb, Francis, author of " Panharmoni- 
 con, an illustration of an engraved plate, in 
 which is attempted to be proved that the 
 principles of Harmony more or less prevail 
 throughout the whole system of nature, but 
 more especiallv in the human frame," London 
 [1815] . 
 
 Webb, George James, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Rushmore Lodge, near Salis- 
 bury, June 24, 1803. He was taught music 
 by Alex. Lucas, of Salisbury, and afterwards 
 became organist at Falmouth, but resigned 
 in 1830, when he went to the United States. 
 He was appointed organist of the Old South 
 Church, Boston, Mass., and took an active 
 part in the musical life of that city, being 
 president of the Handel and Haydn Society 
 in 1840. In 1870, he went to Orange, New 
 Jersey, and from 1876, resided in New York 
 as a teacher. He returned to Orange in 1885, 
 and died there, October 7, 1887. Author of 
 "Vocal Technics," Boston, n.d., and "Voice 
 Culture," with C. G. Allen; and editor of 
 " Young Ladies' Vocal Class Book," Boston, 
 1858; "Glee Hive" (with L. Mason); "The 
 Odeon,"1840; " New Odeon" (with L. Mason); 
 " Cantica Laudis " (with Mason), New York, 
 1850. He composed a number of anthems, 
 the well-known hymn, " Morning Light," etc. 
 
 Webb, Rev. Richard, M.A., clergyman 
 and musician, was a minor canon of St. 
 Paul's, London. He died near Windsor, 
 April 13, 1829. Published "A Collection of 
 Madrigals for 3, 4, 5, and 6 voices, selected 
 from the works of the most eminent composers 
 of the 15th and 16th centuries," London, 
 1808. Collection of Madrigals for 3, 4, and 5 
 voices, London, 1814. Composer of a Set of 
 four Glees for 3 voices, London, n.d. 
 
 Webb, William, organist and composer 
 of 18th centur)-, who was choirnaaster and 
 organist of St. George's Chapel, Windsor. 
 He died in 1788, from loss of blood, after 
 undergoing an operation for removal of a wen 
 in the nostril. He was nearly seventy years 
 of age. 
 
 Webbe, Samuel, composer and organist, 
 was born at Minorca, in the Balearic Islands, 
 in 1740. His father was a government official 
 there. He was principally self-taught in 
 music, but he had some lessons from Charles 
 Barbandt. He married in 1763. Chapel- 
 master in Portuguese Chapel, London, 1776. 
 
 WEBSTER. 
 
 Secretarj' to Noblemen and Gentlemen's Catch 
 Club, 1794. He died in London, May 25, 
 1816, and is buried in the Roman Catholic 
 part of old St. Pancras churchyard. 
 
 Works. — A Collection of Sacred Music, as 
 used in the Chapel of the King of Sardinia in 
 London, London, n.d. A Collection of Classes,' 
 with an accompaniment for the organ .... 
 London, 1792. A Collection of Motetts or 
 Antiphons, for 1, 2, 3, and 4 voices, London, 
 1792. Eight Anthems by Samuel Webbe, the 
 organ parts by V. Novello, London, n.d. A 
 Collection of original Psalm Tunes for 3 and 
 4 voices, by ■ S. Webbe, Senior and Junior, 
 London. Glees : A Selection of Glees, Duets, 
 Canzonets, etc., published at different periods 
 from the year 1764, to which are added many 
 new glees and canzonets never before pub- 
 lished, London, 3 vols. A Collection of 
 Catches, Canons, and Glees, London, 9 vols. 
 Six original Glees, London, 1840. Single 
 Glees : Breathe soft, ye winds ; Cecilia, more 
 than all the muses skilled ; Come live with 
 me ; Come, rosy health ; Discord, dire sister, 
 1771 ; Glorious Apollo ; Great Apollo, strike 
 the lyre ; Great Bacchus, O aid us ; Hence, 
 all ye vain delights ; Hail, star of Brunswick; 
 Mighty conqueror of hearts, 1775 ; Swiftly 
 from the mountain's brow, 1788 ; Thy voice, O 
 harmony ; When winds breathe soft. Those 
 dated are prize glees. Duets, songs. Con- 
 certo for harpsichord. Pf. music, and other 
 works. The well-known hymn tunes, " Mel- 
 combe," and " Benevento," are by him. 
 
 Webbe, Samuel, Junr., composer, wri- 
 ter, and organist, son of the above, born at 
 London in 1770. He studied under his father 
 and Clementi. Organist successively of the 
 Unitarian Church, Paradise Street, Liverpool; 
 Spanish Ambassador's Chapel, London ; St. 
 Nicholas' Church, and St. Patrick's R. C. 
 Chapel, Liverpool. He died at Hammersmith, 
 London, November 25, 1843. 
 
 Works. — Collection of Psalm Tunes, inter- 
 mixed with airs adapted as such, fjr four 
 voices, London, 1808. Glees, duets, etc. 
 Convito Armonico, a collection of madrigals, 
 elegies, glees, canons, catches, and duets, 
 selected from the works of the most eminent 
 composers, London, 4 vols., n.d. L'Amico 
 del Principiante, being 28 short sol-faing exer- 
 cises for a single voice, London, n.d. ; 2nd 
 edition edited by J. B. Sale. 42 Vocal Exer- 
 cises, .n.d. Short exercises for young singers 
 ..n.d. Harmony epitomised, or elements of 
 the thoroughbass, London, n.d. 
 
 His son, Egerton Webbe (born Liverpool, 
 1810; died there June 24, 1840), wrote many 
 valuable papers on miisic for the early num- 
 bers of the Musical World. 
 
 Webster, Clarinda Augusta, pianist, 
 born in London. Daughter of the late Robert 
 Thomson, M.R.C.S., L.D.S., of London. She 
 
438 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 WEBSTER. 
 
 was musically educated in London, and went 
 to reside in Scotland after her marriage. In 
 1860 she established the Aberdeen Music 
 School, and gave herself up to the work of 
 musical education. As the outcome of her 
 theoretical teaching she published the 
 " Groundwork of Music," two books; and the 
 " Child's Primer of the Theory of Music," 
 Novello. Author of "Handel: an outline of 
 his Life," and lecturer on Piano Technic. 
 Mrs. Webster is now resident in London, but 
 is still Principal of the Aberdeen School, 
 which she frequently visits. She is a Licen- 
 tiate of the R.A.M. for pf., as professor and 
 teacher. 
 
 Webster, Richard, composer and teacher, 
 was born at Huntley, (rloucestershire, in 178-3. 
 He was a teacher and pianist in Glasgow, 
 where he died, on December 26, 1848. Com- 
 poser of various glees, songs, etc., some of 
 which are contained in " Lyric gems of 
 Scotland." His best known song is " Bonnie 
 Jeanie Gray." " Oh, not upon so cold a 
 shrine," another song, is contained in " The 
 Western Garland," 18.32. He composed some 
 instrumental music. Introduction and polo- 
 naise rondo, for pf., op. 1, etc. 
 
 Weekes, Samuel, organist, pianist, and 
 teacher. Studied at R.A.M., and elected an 
 Associate. Graduated Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 
 1873; Mus. Doc, Dublin, 1896. F.R.C.O. 
 Organist of St. Peter's, Hammersmith, 1861-2 ; 
 Baptist Church, Plymouth, 1876, to present 
 time. Conductor of Plymouth Clioral and 
 Orchestral Society ; Principal of ]\Iusic School, 
 Stoke, Devonport. Author of a Choral primer, 
 and Questions on Acoustics. Compositions : 
 Cantata, Bless the Lord, for soli, chorus, and 
 orchestra ; Hymn tunes, songs, pf. pieces, etc. 
 
 'Weelkes, Thomas, organist and com- 
 poser of latter part of the 16th and early part 
 of the 17th centv;ries. Very little is known 
 about his biography. In 1600 he was organist 
 of Winchester College ; in 1602 he graduated 
 Mus. Bac. at Oxford, and in 1608 he was 
 organist of Chichester Cathedral. Neitlier 
 his birth or death dates seem to have been 
 preserved. 
 
 WoKKS. — Madrigals to 3, 4, 5, and 6 voyces, 
 London, 1597; also edited by E. J. Hopkins 
 for the Musical Antiquarian Society, London, 
 1843. Ballets and madrigals to five voyces, 
 with one to six voyces, 1598. Madrigals of 
 five and six parts, apt for viols and voices, 
 1600. Madrigals of six parts, apt for the viols 
 and voices, London, 1600. Ayres or phan- 
 tasticke spirites for 3 voices, with a song, 
 a remembrance of my friend Mr. Thomas 
 Morley, for 6 voices, London, 1608, 3 parts. 
 Contributions in Leighton's " Teares " ; An- 
 thems, etc., in the collections of Clifford and 
 Rimbault ; MS. INIusic in British Museum, 
 etc. 
 
 WELDON. 
 
 Weichsell, Elizabeth, see Billington, 
 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 Weir, John, musician of first part of 
 present century, who was a teaclier of music 
 in Glasgow. Compiler of " A Collection of 
 Psalm tunes and Anthems," Glasgow, n.d. 
 
 Weiss, Willoughby Hunter, bass singer 
 and composer, born at Liverpool, April 2, 1820. 
 He gave his first concert at Liverpool, May 5, 
 1842. His first stage appearance was as Count 
 Rodolfo,in "La Sonnambula," at the Princess' 
 Theatre, 1848 ; and he was for years a member 
 of the Pyne and Harrison company. He was 
 heard in the title part, in " Elijah," at the 
 Birmingham Festival, 1867. As a vocalist he 
 had a great reputation. He died at London, 
 October 24, 1867. Composer of many songs, 
 among which may be named: — Autumn 
 leaves ; Bowmen of old England ; Chimes of 
 England; Crossing the moor; Fislierman's 
 cottage; Gleaner; The ice, the ice!; Knight's 
 vigil; Let me be near thee; Mid watch; 
 IMower ; O salutaris hostia; Rolling liome 
 across the sea ; Shipwreck ; Twenty years 
 ago; Village blacksmith (Longfellow) [1858]; 
 Watcher by the sea; Wreck of the Hesi^erus; 
 Wreck of the homeward bound, etc. He was 
 married to Georgina Ansell Barrett, a 
 soprano vocalist, who was born at Gloucester 
 in 1826, and died at Brighton, November 6, 
 1880. 
 
 Welch, John Bacon, teacher of singing, 
 born at Pattishill Vicarage, Northampton^ 
 December 26, 1839. Studied in London, and 
 in 1861 went to Milan, where he placed him- 
 self under Gaetano Nava. His voice was a 
 baritone, and he sang in public for a short 
 time. It was as a teacher, however, that he 
 excelled. He was a professor at the G.S.M.,. 
 and had many private pupils, among the 
 most distinguised being ]\Iiss Anna Williams, 
 Miss Annie Marriott, Messrs. Bridson, Brere- 
 ton, and others. He gave concerts at Princes' 
 Hall, 1887, etc. He died in London, July 1, 
 1887, and was buried in Highgate Cemetery. 
 
 Weldon, Georgina, bor^i Treherne, 
 soprano vocalist and writer, born in London, 
 May 24, 1837. She studied under her mother- 
 and Jules de Glimes, and gave concerts in 
 Canada, and afterwards in Loudon. She 
 organized a training school for vocalists in 
 1871, and lectured and sang in Birmingham 
 and elsewhere, 1882-1886; but for a number 
 of years past slie has not been professionally 
 connected with music. Author of " Musical 
 reform," London, 1872; "Hints for pronun- 
 ciation in singing, with proposals for a 
 self-supporting academy." London, 1872. 
 "Autobiographic de Ch. Gounod.." Lon- 
 don, n.d. 
 
 Weldon, John, composer and organist,, 
 born at Chichester, Januai-y 19, 1676. He 
 studied under John Walton, of Eton College, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 439 
 
 WELLINGS. 
 
 and H. Purcell. Organist of New College, 
 Oxford, 169i. Gentlenaan extraordinary of 
 Chapel Royal, June 6, 1701. Organist of 
 Chapel Royal, 1708. Second composer to 
 Chapel Royal, 1715. Organist of St. Bride's, 
 Fleet Street, and St. Martin-in-the-Fields, 
 London, 1726. He died at London, May 7, 
 1736. 
 
 Works. — Operas : Agreeable disappoint- 
 ment, 1715; Fair Unfortunate, 1710; Judg- 
 ment of Paris (masque), 1702; Orpheus and 
 Eurydice, 1710; She would and She would 
 not, 1703. Divine Harmony, six select an- 
 thems for a voice alone, with a thorowbass 
 for the organ, harpsichord, or arch lute.... 
 performed by the late famous Mr. Richard 
 Elford, London, n.d. Hear my crying ; In 
 Thee, Lord ; God, Thou hast cast us 
 out ; Who can tell how oft he offendeth, an- 
 thems. Collection of New Songs performed 
 at his concert in York Buildings ; Collection 
 of new Songs [1707] ; Collection of Aires for 
 2 flutes and a bass, London, 1710. lSov(/s : 
 An amorous swain to Juno pray'd ; As the 
 snow in valley lying ; Clarinda ; Let am- 
 bition fire thy mind ; Wakeful nightingale. 
 
 Wellings, Joseph Milton, composer, 
 born at Handsworth, near Birmingham, 
 December 4, 1850. Of his larger works, a 
 sketch, "The Dancing Master," was pro- 
 duced at the Criterion Theatre, London, 
 February, 1894. His songs include Golden 
 Love, At the ferry, I wait no more. Some 
 day. My bounie boy, Only a rose, You sang 
 to me, Be mine again. You know best, Old 
 fashions, and many others, most of which 
 have had a wide circulation. 
 
 Wells, Alfred, flutist, pupil of William 
 Card, made his debut at a concert of the 
 Societa Armonica, June 3, 1844, he then 
 being eleven years old. For many years he 
 was a member of the Crystal Palace or- 
 chestra, and distinguished as a soloist, 
 especially in the concertas and suites of J. 
 S. Bach. His death, January 1, 1892, was 
 the result of a fall down stairs, at his house, 
 in London. 
 
 Wells, Benjamin, flutist, born at Cam- 
 bridge in 1826. Studied at R.A.M., under 
 Richardson and Clinton, and appeared with 
 great success at an academy concert in April, 
 1845. He was elected A.R.A.jM., and was 
 for years a professor at the Academy. In 
 later years he has been more widelj' known 
 as a lecturer on music. 
 
 Wells, Madame Thaddeus, contralto 
 vocalist, born early in the present century. 
 She sang at many important concerts in her 
 time, but latterlv had dropped out of notice. 
 She died at London in March, 1885. 
 
 Wells, Wallace, tenor vocalist, born at 
 Dilham, Norfolk, 1842. Educated at R.A.M. 
 Sang at the Sacred Harmonic, and other Lon- 
 
 WESCHE. 
 
 don concerts ; Birmingham Festival, 1879, in 
 Rossini's "Moses in Egypt," etc. Principal 
 tenor at Marylebone Rectory Church, and for 
 thirteen years at St. Andrew's, Wells Street. 
 Professor of Singing at G.S.M., and other 
 educational institutions. 
 
 Welsh, John, musician of latter part of 
 last century, issued "Sacred Harmony, .con- 
 sisting of psalm and hymn tunes," London 
 [1800] . 
 
 Welsh, Thomas, bass vocalist, teacher 
 and composer, born at Wells, Somersetshire, 
 1770. He was a chorister in Wells Cathedral, 
 and also studied under J. B. Cramer and 
 Baumgarten. First appeared in oj^era in Att- 
 wood's "Prisoner," 1792. Engaged by Linley 
 to sing in oratorio at Haymarket Theatre, 
 London, 1796. Gentleman of Chapel Royal. 
 Celebrated as a vocal teacher in London, and 
 numbered among his pupils John Sinclair, 
 Charles Horn, Miss Stephens, and Miss ]\Iary 
 Anne Wilson who became his second wife. 
 He died at Brighton, January 31, 1848. 
 
 Works. — Music to "The Green Eyed Mon- 
 ster"; Twenty years ago, 1810; Kamschatka, 
 and other dramatic pieces. Sonatas for pf. 
 [1819] . Part-song^-, glees, and duets : Hark, 
 'tis the whistling wmd; Come, jovial friends; 
 Fairy feast ; Hence, away ! ye sirens ; Merry- 
 gipsies ; Shed not your sweets. Songs : Harry 
 Bluff, etc. Vocal Instructor, or the art of 
 singing exemplified in fifteen lessons leading 
 to forty progressive exercises, London [1825] . 
 
 His wife, born Mary Anne Wilson, was a 
 native of London, born in 1802. She studied 
 under her husband and first appeared as 
 Maiidane in Arne's "Artaxerxes" at Drury 
 Lane, January 18, 1821. She sang in many 
 important concerts in her day as a soprano, 
 and died in 1867. 
 
 Wensley, Frances Foster, pianist and 
 comj'user, who studied under Kalkbrenner. 
 She married Alderman Garrett. Composer 
 of "Four Songs" [1823]; variations on 
 "God save the Queen," etc. 
 
 Wesche, Walter, composer, pianist, and 
 organist, born at Colombo, Ceylon, August 26, 
 1857. Studied under Oscar Beringer and 
 Berthold Tours, and orchestration under F. 
 H. Cowen. In 1879 he was appointed organist 
 and choirmaster at the Lock Chapel, Pad- 
 dington ; then to St. Thomas's, Westbourne 
 Grove ; and, 1891, to St. Stephen's, South 
 Hampstead. He is professor of harmony and 
 composition at the Academy for the higher 
 development of pf. playing (Oscar Beringer) ; 
 and professor of pf. at the Royal Normal 
 College for the Blind, Norwood. He has 
 given organ recitals at Gresham Hall, 1882 ; 
 the Bow and Bromley Institute, 18^3, etc., 
 but is now chiefly engaged in teaching. 
 
 Works. — Orchestral : Symphony in 
 minor; Rhapsodies in F and G; Suite op. 18, 
 
440 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 WESLEY. 
 
 prize, Westminster Orchestral Society, per- 
 formed, March 16, 1892 ; Ballad, The Legend 
 of Excalibur, Crystal Palace, March 3, 1894 ; 
 Romance, Melbourne (Cowen), December 10, 
 1888. Concerto in A, 188G ; Andante and 
 Allegro ; both for pf . and orchestra. Overture, 
 Dagmar, organ and orchestra, 1881. Idyll, 
 organ and strings. Quintet in E minor; 
 Trios in E flat and E minor for j^f. and strings ; 
 sonata in B flat, pf. and violin ; in E fiat, pf. 
 and 'cello. Canzonetta for 'cello. Three 
 Dances, pf. 4 hands. Three Rhapsodies, pf. 
 solo, etc. 
 
 Wesley, Charles, organist and composer, 
 born at Bristol, December 11, 1757. Son of 
 the Rev. Charles Wesley, and iiephew of 
 John Wesley, the ]\Iethodist leader. He 
 studied under Rooke, Kelway, and Boyce, and 
 became a teacher in Loudon, and organist of 
 St George's, Hanover Square. Organist in 
 ordinary to George IV. He gave subscription 
 concerts at his house in London. He died at 
 London, May 23, 1834. Composed " A Set of 
 Eight Songs," 1784 ; " A Set of Six Concertos 
 for the Organ or Harpsichord " ; Anthems in 
 Page's " Harmonia Sacra," hymns, etc. 
 
 Wesley, Rev. John, clergyman and 
 amateur musician, born in 1703, died in 1791. 
 The celebrated founder of the Wesleyan 
 Methodist body. He issued "A Collection of 
 Tunes, set to music as they are commonly 
 sung at the Foundery," 1742, and belonged to 
 the same family as the Wesleys, Charles, 
 Samuel, etc., so celebrated in music. 
 
 Wesley, Samuel, organist and composer, 
 horn at Bristol, February 24, 1766. Brother 
 of Charles. He gave very early indications of 
 a disposition for music, and was a pupil of his 
 brother Charles. From an early age he 
 excited great interest among musicians by his 
 extraordinary genius for music. He became 
 the greatest organist of his time, and was the 
 first Englishman to make known tlie music 
 of Bach. He was de]Duty organist for a time 
 of the Abbey Church, Bath, and on coming to 
 London as a teacher, he became organist of 
 Camden Cliapel, in 1824. He died at London, 
 October 11, 1837. 
 
 Works. — Church Service in F. Anthems 
 and Motets : My soul hath patiently; Thou, 
 O God, art praised in Zion ; I said, I will take 
 heed to my ways ; Dixit Dominus ; Exultate 
 Deo ; In exitu Israel ; and other church 
 music. Oi'iginal Hymn Tunes adapted to 
 every metre in the collection of the Rev. J. 
 Wesley, London, n.d. Sonatas for pf. Organ 
 voluntaries, fugues, etc. " O, synge unto my 
 roundelaie," madrigal, etc. The Misanthrope, 
 opera (MS.). Letters of Samuel Wesley to 
 Mr. Jacobs, relating to the introduction into 
 this country of the works of Bach, edited by 
 E. Wesley, London, 1878. 
 
 See also " An account of the remarkable 
 
 WEST. 
 
 musical talents of several members of the 
 Wesley family, collected from original IMSS. 
 with memorial introduction and notes by 
 W. Winters," London, 1874. 
 
 Wesley, Samuel Sebastian, organist 
 and composer, born at London, August 14, 
 1810. Son of the preceding. He was a 
 chorister in the Cliapel Royal, and held in 
 London the appointments of organist of St. 
 James', Hampstead Road, 1827; St. Giles', 
 Camberwell, 1829 ; and St. John's, Waterloo 
 Road, and Hampton-on-Thames. He was 
 afterwards successively organist of Here- 
 ford Cathedral, 1832; Exeter Cathedral, 1835; 
 Leeds Parish Church, 1842 ; Winchester 
 Cathedral, 1849 ; Gloucester Cathedral, 1865. 
 He graduated Mus. Bac, and Mus. Doc, 
 Oxon., 1839. He died at Gloucester, April 19, 
 1876, and is buried in the Old Cemetery, 
 Exeter, and a tablet in the Cathedral there 
 notes his connection with the town. 
 
 Works. — Church services in E (1845), F, 
 F (chant), and G. Anthems : Ascribe unto 
 the Lord ; All go unto one j)lace ; Blessed be 
 the Lord ; Blessed be the God and Father ; 
 Cast me not away ; Give the King thy judg- 
 ments ; Glory be to God on high ; God be 
 merciful; I am Thine; I will arise; Let us 
 lift up our heart ; Man that is born of a 
 woman ; give thanks ; O God, whose nature ; 
 
 Lord, my God ; O Lord, Thou art my God ; 
 Praise the Lord ; The face of the Lord ; The 
 wilderness ; Thou wilt keep him in perfect 
 peace ; Wash me thoroughly ; etc. The 
 Psalter, with Chants, arranged for Daily 
 Morning and Evening Service, Leeds, 1843. 
 Glees and Part-songs : At that dread hour ; 
 
 1 wish to tune my quiv'ring lyre ; Shall I tell 
 you whom I love?; When fierce conflicting 
 passions ; etc. Songs : The butterfly ; Orphan 
 hours the year is dead ; There be none of 
 beauty's daughters ; Wert thou like me ; etc. 
 Organ : A Studio for the Organ, exemplified 
 in a series of exercises ; Air composed for the 
 Holsworthy Church Bells ; Andantes in G, A, 
 E minor, etc. Two sets (6 pieces) of Organ 
 Pieces, etc. Melodia Sacra, Handel's airs 
 arranged for pf. The English Cathedral 
 Service, its glory, its decline, and its designed 
 extinction, London, 1845. A few words on 
 Cathedral Music and the musical system of 
 the church, with a plan of reform, London, 
 1849. Selection of Psalms and Hymns, 
 arranged for the public service of the Church 
 of England, by the Rev. Charles Kemble, 
 rector of Bath, London, 1864, edited. The 
 hymn - tunes " Aurelia," "St. Sebastian," 
 "Radford," "Wimbledon," etc., were also 
 composed by W'esley. 
 
 West, Benjamin, organist and composer, 
 of 18th century. Composer of " Sacra con- 
 certo, or the voice of melody, containing an 
 introduction to the grounds of music, also 
 
BFJTISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 441 
 
 WEST. 
 
 forty-one psalm tunes and twelve anthems." 
 Loudon, 1769. 2nd edition. 
 
 West, George Frederick, organist, com- 
 poser, and writer, born at Bath. In 1844 
 he was organist of St. George the Martyr, 
 Soutliwark, in which year he published " The 
 National Church Service" (R. Cocks). Author 
 ■of "Questions relating to the theory of 
 music" (London, ]864); Hints to young 
 teachers of the pianoforte" (R. Cocks), and 
 other works. He has written and arranged 
 .an immense amount of music for pf., chiefly 
 of an educational type. 
 
 West, Henry, composer and writer. 
 Author of "Singing Preceptor," London, 
 1846; "Accoidian Preceptor," London, 1846; 
 Preceptor for the accordion or flutina, London 
 X1855]. Composer of Pretty little songs for 
 pretty little smgers, a collection of nursery 
 rhymes. Pf. music, songs, etc. 
 
 West, John Ebenezer, organist, com- 
 poser, and conductor, born at South Hackney, 
 London, December 7, 1863. Son of William 
 and Clara West (noticed below). Received 
 his early instruction from his parents, later 
 studying organ under Dr. J. F. Bridge, and 
 composition at R.A.M. under E. Prout, 
 F.R.C.O. In 1884 he was appointed organist 
 and CM. of St. Mary's, Berkeley Square; and 
 since 1891 has held similar positions at South 
 Hackney Parish Church. He has given organ 
 recitals in various places, and is also known 
 .as a pianist. He is one of the musical 
 advisers to the firm of Novello, Ewer and Co. 
 
 Works. — Cantatas : The Healing of the 
 ■Canaan ite's Daughter, Hackney, December 
 20, 1882; Seed-Time and Harvest, Choral 
 Festival, St. Mary's, Newington, October 12, 
 1892 ; Psalm 130, N.E. London Choral Society, 
 .January 31, 1891. Anthems : The Lord is 
 exalted, St. Paul's Cathedral, May 24, 1883 ; 
 Lord, I call upon Thee; and others. Festival 
 Evening Service in E flat, composed for 
 Festival of London Church Choir Association, 
 St. Paul's, 1890 ; Evening Service in A ; Te 
 Deum in B flat, etc. Songs, part-songs, 
 incidental mu.sic to Longfellow's King Robert 
 of Sicily rfor declamation), Queen's Hall, 
 ■October 8, 1896. Overture in E minor, 1881 ; 
 Victoria, our Queen, 1897, march, both for 
 ■orchestra. Sonata in D minor, 1895 ; Fugue 
 in E minor; March in G; Postlude in B flat, 
 etc., for organ. 
 
 West, Rev. Lewis Renatus, clergyman 
 and amateur composer, born at London, l\Iay 
 ■3, 1753. He belonged to the Moravian 
 ■brethren, and was in charge of the congrega- 
 tion at Dublin in 1784. He subsequently 
 held other charges in Ireland and England 
 in connection with the Moravian body. He 
 ■died at Tytherton, Wiltshire, August 4, 1826. 
 He composed some hymns and other music 
 for the Church Service. 
 
 WESTBROOK. 
 
 West, William, composer, teacher of 
 singing, and lyric author, born at Hackney, 
 London, SeiDtember 17, 1830. He comes of 
 an old Wiltshire family. His father was a 
 musician, and his mother's father was the 
 Samuel Hayter mentioned in the notice of 
 Aaron Upjohn Hayter {q.v.) His early studies 
 were devoted to singing, but his delicate 
 organ gave way through over exertion, and 
 he then gave himself up to teaching. In 
 1863 he founded the North-East London 
 Academy of Music, which has been a suc- 
 cessful and useful institution. For fifteen 
 years he was organist of the Congregational 
 Church, Bethnal Green Road, resigning in 
 1885, and holding for a time a similar ap- 
 pointment at Hackney. He has composed 
 hymn tunes, chants, Sanctuses, etc. Songs : 
 Speak gently of the erring; Casablanca; 
 Were I a little bird ; The Christian's song ; 
 Life in Love ; The Rivals (a proverb song) ; 
 and others. His first pf. pieces, Welsh air, 
 Cotillon, Fall of Paris, duets, were written 
 at the age of seven. Others are Le Garden 
 Volage, Sophie, valse, mazurka brillant, and 
 various operatic transcriptions. He is the 
 author of a number of lyrics, set by his son 
 and other composers. His sister is the wife 
 of Professor Prout. 
 
 Madame Claea West, his wife, is a 
 soprano vocalist, born at Chatham, Septem- 
 ber 9, 1844. Her maiden name was Ains- 
 worth. She studied under her husband, 
 and Madame Rudersdorff. An excellent 
 musician, she first came into notice about 
 1876, through her ability to fill the place of 
 other vocalists in important works at a 
 moment's notice. She was long associated 
 with the concerts of the Borough of Hackney 
 Choral Association, and has sung throughout 
 Great Britain. Invitations to visit America 
 have been declined. 
 
 Lottie West, daughter of the preceding, 
 was born at South Hackney, November 5, 
 1865. She is a contralto vocalist, pianist, 
 and teacher. Received her musical educa- 
 tion chiefly at home, but became a student 
 for a time at the R.A.M., studying singing 
 with Edwin Holland. She sang at concerts 
 in London and the provinces with success 
 from 1882, but since her marriage to Mr. 
 Millard she has practically retired from the 
 concert platform. She is the composer of 
 some songs, and a sketch for violin and pf. 
 
 Westbrook, William Joseph, composer, 
 organist and writer, was born at London, 
 January 1, 1831. He was organist successively 
 of St. Bartholomew, Bethnal Green, 1849 ; 
 St. Bartholomew, Sydenham, 1851-84 ; and 
 Crystal Palace (co-organist), 1860. From 
 1865 to 1878 he was conductor of the South 
 Norwood Musical Society, and he was also 
 musical examiner to the College of Preceptors. 
 
442 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 WESTLAKE. 
 
 Mus. Bac, 1876, and Mus. Doc, 1878, Cam- 
 bridge. With A. W. Hammond and John 
 Crowdy he established the Musical Standard 
 in 1862. He died at Sydenham, London, on 
 March 24, 1894. 
 
 Works. — Jesus, oratorio, 1877 ; also Gold- 
 smith's Institute, London, 1892. The Lord 
 is my Shepherd, cantata, 1875. Services in 
 G, D, etc. Anthems. Part-songs and trios ; 
 Songs, and other vocal music. Sonatas for 
 organ in E flat, G, etc. Voluntaries. The 
 Organist, 1876, etc. ; Young Organist ; Prac- 
 tical Organist ; Organ Journal ; Ancient and 
 Modern Fugues, 1865-80 ; New organ arrange- 
 ments, and many similar collections for organ 
 and harmonium. Elementary Music, a primer, 
 London, 1879. Practical Organ Tutor, London, 
 1872, etc. Alphabet of Musical Notation, 
 London [1873] . Translations of De Beriot's, 
 Dancla's, and Alard's Violin Schools, and 
 many other works. 
 
 Westlake, Frederick, composer and 
 pianist, born at Romsey, Hants, February 25, 
 
 1840. Studied at R.A.M., 1855-9 ; elected 
 Associate, then Fellow. Professsor of pf., 
 R.A M., and Member of the Philharmonic 
 Society. He has played in public with success, 
 and at one of H. Holmes's " Musical Even- 
 ings " (St. George's Hall, October 22, 1873), 
 performed, with Miss Channel, Chopin's 
 Rondo, op. 73, for two pianos, probably for the 
 first time in London. Teaching now chiefly 
 occupies his time. 
 
 WiiRKS. — Mass in li flat; Mass of the Holy 
 Name, produced, Brompton Oratory, Novem- 
 ber 26, 1893 (for voices, orchestra, and organ). 
 O Salutaris ; Kyrie and Gloria (with orches- 
 tra) ; the first named sung by Leslie's Choir, 
 February 22, 1883. Tunes contributed to 
 Hymns Ancient and Modern. She dwelt 
 among the untrodden ways ; Evangela ; and 
 other songs. Part-songs, Lyra Studentium, 
 etc. Duo Concertante, pf. and 'cello. Alle- 
 gro con forza ; Fugue in octaves ; a set of 
 nine episodes for pf. Completed Sterndale 
 Bennett's edition of Bach's 48 Preludes and 
 Fugues. 
 
 Westmoreland, John Fane, Earl of, 
 knoivn as Lord Burghersh, amateur com- 
 poser, born at London, Februiiry 3, 1784. He 
 entered the army in 1803, and became envoy 
 at the Court of Florence in 1814. He studied 
 music under Hague, Mayseder, Portogallo, 
 and Bianchi. He succeeded to the title in 
 
 1841. In 1841-51 be was the British ^Minister 
 at Berlin, lie established the Royal Academy 
 of ]\Iusic in 1822, and in 1861 a Scholarship 
 was founded in his memory. He died at 
 Aptliorpe House. October 16, 1859. 
 
 Works. — Operas: Bajazet, Florence, 1821, 
 London, 1822 ; L'Eroe di Lancastre, R.A.M. 
 pupils, 1820 ; Lo Scompiglio teatrale, Florence, 
 1836, published 1846; Catarina, London, 1830, 
 
 WESTROP. 
 
 also in English as Catherine, the Austrian 
 captive; Fedra, Florence, 1828, published at 
 Berlin in 1848; II Torneo, Florence, 1826, 
 London, 1838 ; II Ratto di Proserpina, 1845. 
 Three symphonies for orchestra ; Quartets for 
 strings; Pf. music, etc. Cathedral Service, 
 1841 ; Messa Solenne. 1858 ; Requiem to the 
 memory of Samuel Webbe ; Six cantatas of 
 Metastasio for solo voice and pf., 1831. Mad- 
 rigals, glees, single songs. 
 
 Westrop, East John, composer and 
 editor, born at Lavenham, Suffolk, in 1804. 
 He was a teacher and editor in London. He 
 died at London, in 1856. 
 
 Works. — Domestic Psalmody, a selection 
 of modern tunes for 1, 2, or 3 voices, 1851. 
 Carmina Sacra, London, 1857. 100 Little 
 Songs for little singers, London, 1857. Nor- 
 mal Singer, 1857. 200 Psalms and hymns, 
 1859 (with Wade). Universal Psalmodist, 
 London, 1856. Musical Services of the Church 
 of England, for 4 voices, London [1845], 
 4 vols. The Antiphonal, a collection of 
 anthems, 1856, etc. Composer of quadrilles, 
 miscellaneous pf. music and songs. 
 
 Westrop, Henry John, composer, violin- 
 ist, organist and conductor, born at Lavenham, 
 Suffolk, July 22, 1812. He was organist suc- 
 cessivel}^ of St. Stephen's Norwich ; Little 
 Stanmore, 1831 ; Fitzroy Chapel, London, 
 1833; St. Edmund the King and Martyr, 
 Lombard Street, 1834. He was also violinist 
 at the Italian opera and Philharmonic Society; 
 conductor of the Choral Harmonist's Society; 
 and a member of the Philharmonic Society 
 and Royal Society of IMusicians. He died at 
 London, September 23, 1879. 
 
 Works. — Maid of Bremen, opera, in MS. 
 Symphony for orchestra, 1838 ; Quintets for- 
 pf. and strings in E flat, 1843, and C minor, 
 1844 ; Quartette concertante, for pf. and 
 strings, in A flat, op. 2 [1850] ; Sonata for pf. 
 and flute in F, op. 6 (1846) ; Sonata for pf. and 
 viola in E flat ; Quartets for strings in E and 
 E flat (op. 1, 1835, etc.) Allegro in E flat for 
 pf. Anthem, O taste and see ; Winter, descrip- 
 tive cantata for bass voice and orchestra, etc. 
 
 His daughter Kate, who is a pianist and 
 organist of much ability, succeeded him as 
 organist of St. Edmund, Lombard Street, a 
 position she resigned in 1887. Composer of 
 " Pour short voluntaries for organ " (1885) ; 
 Songs, and other works. 
 
 Westrop, Thomas, composer and writer, 
 brother of the above, was born at Lavenham 
 in 1816. Died at London, December 17, 1881. 
 He edited " 120 selected short anthems,"' 
 London, 1861; Psalms, hymns, etc., 1862; 
 Eighteen selected \ ocal duets, London, 1863 ; 
 Sacred songs, 1863. Universal violin tutor, 
 1862. Complete organ tutor, 1863. Com- 
 poser of a large number of comic and other 
 songs, hymns, pf. pieces, etc. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 443 
 
 WETTON. 
 
 Wetton, Henry Davan, organist and 
 composer, born at Brighton, July 18, 1862. 
 Received his musical training at Westminster 
 Abbey, and from private teachers. F.R.C.O.; 
 Mus. Bac, Durham, 1891. Organist of All 
 Saints', Stoke Newington, 1877 ; Christ 
 Church, Woburn Square, 1884 ; St. Gabriel's, 
 Pimlico, 1S86--9 and 1890-3; sub-organist. 
 Wells Cathedral, 1890 ; organist of Finchley 
 Parish Church, 1892. In 1892, succeeded M. 
 B. Foster as organist and musical director at 
 the Foundling Hospital. He is head of the 
 musical department of the Northampton 
 Institute, Clerkenwell. Has given lectures at 
 T.C.L., etc. His compositions are Psalm 9, 
 for soli, chorus, strings and pf. ; Te Deum 
 and Benedictus; Evening service for men's 
 vioces; anthems, carols, songs, pf. pieces, 
 etc. 
 
 Weyman, David, Irish collector, was 
 vicar-choral of St. Patrick's, Dublin, 1819. 
 He died at Dublin in August, 1822. Published 
 " ]\Ielodia Sacra, or the Psalms of David, 
 arranged for 1, 2, 3, or 4 voices," Dublin, 
 1812-14. Sequel in 3 vols., 1840-52. New 
 edition edited by J. Smith. Hymns and 
 psalms as sung in the Magdalen Asylum, 
 Leeson Street. .Dublin [1822]; Hymns and 
 anthems as sung in Protestant Churches and 
 Chapels throughout Ireland. .Dublin. Fifty 
 of the psalms of David, Dublin. 
 
 Wharton, Edward, bass vocalist, and 
 teacher of singing, born in Birmingham. 
 Educated at Dulwich College, and solo choir 
 boy. Sometime choirmaster and assistant 
 organist to Sir A. S. Sullivan at St. Peter's, 
 South Kensington. Organ pupil of George 
 Cooper. Gained the first prize for bass vocal- 
 ists at the National Music ]\Ieetings, Crystal 
 Palace, July 3, 1875. Appeared at different 
 concerts, and took part in the performance 
 of Liszt's "St. Elisabeth," given by Walter 
 Bache, February 24, 1876. Joined the staff 
 of the Guildhall School of Music in 1881, and 
 has been successfully conducting large classes 
 there since tiiat time. 
 
 Whatmoor, Freeman, pianist, organist, 
 and composer, born at Bradford, Yorkshire, 
 1856. Studied under Dr. Spark, F. W. Hird, 
 and, also, at the National Training School, 
 Kensington, where he won a scholarship. 
 Has held organ appointments at Leeds and 
 Gateshead; sometime assistant to Henry 
 Farmer, at Harrow, now resident at Watford, 
 as conductor and teacher, etc. In 1887, he 
 won the Musical World prize for an organ 
 postlude. Graduated Mus. B., Cambridge, 
 1892. He has published some school songs, 
 part-songs, pieces for pf., organ, etc. He has 
 given chamber concerts and lectures, at 
 Hemel-Hempstead, 1887. etc. 
 
 Herbert W. Whatmoor (a brother?) is 
 organist of Christ Church, Roxeth ; he is also 
 
 WHITAKER. 
 
 a pianist, and has given chamber concerts, 
 Harrow, 1888, etc. 
 
 Wheall, see Weale. 
 
 Wheeler, Richard, composer and organ- 
 ist, who was a teacher in Cambridge. He 
 issued " Six Glees for three and four voices," 
 Cambridge [1800]. These were originally 
 published in the collections of Dr. Charles 
 Hague. 
 
 Whelan, Rev. Ernest Hamilton, or- 
 ganist and composer, graduated Mus. B., 
 1887 ; M.A., Dublin. Was organist succes- 
 sively of ]\Ialahide Church, near Dublin, 1868; 
 Swords Parish Church, 1869; St. Andrew's, 
 Dublin, 1875-6. Conductor of Dublin Dio- 
 cesan Choral Festival, 1875. Curate of 
 Powerscourt, 1876-83; Rector of Kilbride, 
 Bray, 1883. He has composed a setting of 
 Ps. 100 for five voices and organ ; Hymn 
 tunes in Irish Church Hymnal, and Children's 
 Hymnal ; sacred songs, etc. 
 
 Whichello, or Wichello, Abiell, or- 
 ganist and composer, of the 18tli century, 
 was deputy organist to Philip Hart. He 
 afterwards became organist of Church of St. 
 Edmund the King. Played at Britton's 
 concerts. He died about 1745. 
 
 Works. — Apollo and Daphne, cantata, 
 1730; Vertumnus and Pomona, cantata. 
 Snni/s : Charms of beauty ; Haste, haste dear 
 youth; Heart that's bleeding; So many 
 charms; Ye virgin 2:)owers. Lessons for the 
 Harpsichord or Spinett [1720]. 
 
 Whishaw, Frederick J., tenor vocalist 
 and composer, born in 1854. Received his 
 musical trainingin St. Petersburgand London. 
 He has published an Album of Seven Songs 
 (Reid) ; an Album of Russian Songs (Lucas) ; 
 and two Albums of Russian Songs (Boosey). 
 He has sung at concerts in different parts of 
 the country ; but devotes himself chiefly to 
 literature, and is author of a number of lyrics, 
 tales for j venile readers, novels, etc. 
 
 Whitalcer, John, composer and organist, 
 was born in 1770. He was organist of St. 
 Clement, Eastcheap, London ; and in 1808 
 succeeded to C. H. Purday's business as a 
 music-seller in .-t. Paul's Churchyard. He 
 died at London, December 4, 1847. 
 
 Works. — Music fur jilai/s, etc.: Boarding 
 school miss, burietta, 1800; Guy Manuering 
 (with Bishop), 1816; Heir of Vironi, 1817; 
 Iwanowna, 1815; Sweethearts and wives, 
 1812 ; Up to town, 1811 ; Who's to have her? 
 1813. An "Bpicedium" to the memory of 
 Princess Charlotte (1817). Odes of Anacreon. 
 Songs : Emigrant's farewell ; Fly away dove ; 
 Indian maid ; Let the epicure boast ; Lily 
 that blooms; Mary's love; My poor dog Tray ; 
 Oh rest thee babe ; Oh say not woman's heart 
 is bought ; Remember me; Thine am I my 
 faithful fair; Wandering harper; Y'oung 
 Lochinvar. Glees: Winds, gently whisper; 
 
444 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 WHITE. 
 
 Sailor's return; etc. Edited "Gems of 
 English harmony," with E. J. Loder, 5 vols ; 
 " Tlie Seraph : a collection of sacred music, 
 consisting of celebrated psalm and hymn 
 tunes. . . .arranged for 4 voices, pf. or organ, 
 and violoncello," London, 181ft, 2 vols. 
 
 White, Adolphus Charles, coutrabassist, 
 born in Canterbury, October 10, 1830. 
 Chorister at the Cathedral there, and studied 
 organ, violin, and other subjects under Dr. 
 Longhurst, and later in Ireland. Returning 
 to Canterbury he took up the study of the 
 double-bass, and, proceeding to London, re- 
 ceived lessons from James Howell, for whom 
 he soon deputised with marked success. In 
 1853 he went with Jullian to America. After 
 his return he was engaged at Her Majesty's 
 opera, the Philharmonic and other concerts ; 
 and when Howell died, in 1879, he succeeded 
 him at the Handel, Leeds, Birmingham 
 (187G-1888), and Three Choirs Festivals; and 
 was also principal double-bass at the Koyal 
 Italian opera to 1897. He is professor of his 
 instrument at R.A.M., and R.C.M. ; Hon. 
 R.A.M., 1877 ; and, in 1890, was appointed 
 Musician in Ordinary to Her Majesty the 
 Queen. Was for 22 years organist of St. 
 Philip's, Waterloo Place. Served in the 
 Volunteer force, retiring in 1887 with the 
 rank of Major, receiving a silver sword in 
 acknowledgment of his services. His com- 
 positions include church music, carols, songs, 
 pf. pieces, and solos for the double-bass 
 His Priraerforthatinstrument (Novello), with 
 appendix for the four stringed bass, is of 
 great merit. 
 
 White, Hamilton, organist and con- 
 ductor, born at Maryport, Cumberland, Oct- 
 ober 1, 1834. Has held various organ appoint- 
 ments, and was for some time at Holy Trinity, 
 Whitehaven, in 1872 removing to East Ret- 
 ford, Notts., where he has since resided, as 
 organist of the Parish Church. He is also 
 condiictor of a Choral Society, and for many 
 years has given concerts at Retford, Worksop, 
 etc., as well as organ recitals. He is an 
 active worker for music in the district. 
 
 White, Mrs. Harrison, see Baber, Miss 
 
 COLBOUBNE 
 
 White, John Jesse, violinist, organist, 
 and composer, born at Bermondsey, London, 
 but at the age of eighteen months was taken 
 by his parents to Birmingham. Pupil of 
 James Stimpson, for organ and theory. Be- 
 came musical director at Theatre Royal, Bir- 
 mingham, when twenty. Went to Paris, and 
 studied under Halevy. Was first violin in 
 the orchestra of the Theatre Lyrique, Paris, 
 1856-7. At the same time there was another 
 violinist of the )iame in Paris (mentioned 
 below), and they were distinguished as M. 
 White le Blavc, and M. White le Noir. In 
 later years the two were together at Rio de 
 
 WHITE. 
 
 Janeiro, Brazil, and the compositions of the 
 one have at times been taken as the work 
 of the other. As musical director, composer, 
 and organist, J. J. White spent many years 
 in Chili, Peru, La Plata, and South America 
 generally, and his experiences have been far 
 out of the common. He had played in early 
 Masses on the day of the great Festival at 
 Lo Compania, Santiago, when 3000 persons 
 were burned to death, December 8, 1863, and 
 but for a previous engagement, would have 
 been in the orchestra in the evening. His 
 depv;ty, a S^janiard, perished in the fire. A 
 Spanish opera of his was performed in La 
 Plata, and a Portuguese 0]3era in Rio de 
 Janeiro. In 1881 he was back again in 
 Europe, aiid appeared, for the first time as a 
 soloist, at Bayreuth, ]\Iay 13 ; was for a time 
 a member of the Meiningen orchestra, under 
 Hans von Biilow, and played at the production 
 of "Parsifal," in 1882. Soon after this he 
 returned to England, but the change of climate 
 caused a long and dangerous illness. He gave 
 recitals aird lectures in Birmingham and 
 neighbourhood, in 1885, and the next year 
 was appointed music director, Southport 
 Winter Gardens. There he remained nine 
 years, and some of his compositions were 
 introduced. In 1895, he removed to Syden- 
 ham, where he still resides. 
 
 Works. — Two IMasses, of large dimensions, 
 one produced, Rio de Janeiro, 1873 ; four 
 smaller ones. Italian opera, La Figlia della 
 Dora, produced, Lima, Peru, 1868 ; a French 
 opera. Ode, Queen of the North, composed 
 for the Centenary celebration, Southport, and 
 performed, June 18, 1892. Two symphonies ; 
 Concert overture, Titania, Southport, Novem- 
 ber 12, 1887 ; Descriptive pieces, Judah, the 
 same, 1891. Concerto, Hedwig, violin and 
 orchestra, performed at Munich. Six string 
 quartets ; pieces for violin, Delires de Sapho, 
 etc. 
 
 The Joseph White referred to was born at 
 Cuba. His grandfather was English. He 
 was appointed professor to the Imperial 
 Family of Brazil. He gave chamber concerts 
 at Rio de Janeiro, as late as 1884, and has 
 published violin pieces, etc. 
 
 White, Joseph, organist of St. Sidwell's 
 Church, Exeter, is the composer of a sacred 
 cantata, " The Magi," produced, Exeter, 
 November 26, 1888 ; and a setting of Southey's 
 " Inchcape Rock," produced, Exeter, 1891. 
 
 White, Matthew, organist and composer, 
 of early part of the 17th century. He was a 
 bass singer of Wells Cathedral ; organist of 
 Christ Church, Oxford, 1611-1G13; and a gen- 
 tleman of the Chapel Royal till 1614. In 
 1629 he accumulated the degrees of Bac. and 
 Mus. Doc, Oxford. Composer of anthems 
 and other church music. 
 
 White, Maude Valerie, composer, born 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 445 
 
 WHITE. 
 
 at Dieppe, of English parents, June 23, 1855. 
 Studied under Oliver May and W. S. Rockstro. 
 Entered R.A.M., 1876, and was elected Men- 
 delssohn scholar, 1879, completing her studies 
 in Vienna. Resident in London, and Broad- 
 way, Worcestershire, 
 
 Works. — Mass (R.A.M. concert, 1881). 
 Songs: To Blossom; Montrose's Love Song; 
 ]\Iy soul is an enchanted boat ; When passion's 
 trance; Ye CuiDid's drop; The devout lover; 
 Absent, yet present ; I prithee send me back 
 my heart ; Four songs from Tennyson's 
 In Memoriam; Album of German Songs ; 
 Chantez, chantez (Hugo) ; and others. Pic- 
 tures from Abroad, 11 pf. pieces ; Scherzetto, 
 etc., for pf. Naissance d'amour, pf. and 'cello, 
 etc. Translator from the Swedish of Letters 
 from a IMourning City, Naples during the 
 autumn of 1884, by Axel Munthe, London, 
 Murray, 1887. 
 
 White, Mrs. Meadows, see Smith, 
 Alice Maey. 
 
 White, Nathaniel Chandler, organist, 
 was a sou of S. Phillips White, solicitor. He 
 was organist of Tewkesbury Abbey Church, 
 and of Bipple Church. He died at Tewkes- 
 bury, February 10, 1869. Remarkable for his 
 organ playing, and his memory, which enabled 
 him to play entire oratorios by Handel, 
 Spohr and ^Mendelssohn. 
 
 White, Robert, composer and organist of 
 the 16th century. He was organist of West- 
 minster Abbey ? and of Ely Cathedral in 
 1562, in succession to Tye. He was also 
 master of the choristers in Westminster Abbey. 
 Mus. Bac. Cambridge in 1561. He died in 
 1574. The Library of Christ Church College, 
 Oxford, contains a number of his compositions 
 in MS. 
 
 White, Tench James, teacher and dealer 
 in musical instruments, born at Canterbury 
 in 1830. Chorister in Canterbury Cathedral, 
 1839, and pupil of T. E. Jones, and Dr. Long- 
 hurst. After leaving the Cathedral he became 
 organist of St. Mildred's Church, Canterbury. 
 Conductor, for many years, of the St. Lawrence 
 Musical Society, Canterbury. Song composer 
 and editor of "Tench White's organ, har- 
 monium, and American organ library." Many 
 of his songs were published under the nom de 
 pltune of Arthur Hare. He died at Canter- 
 bury, March 14, 1891. 
 
 White, W. J., composer and editor, issued 
 " Sacred Melodies suitable for public and 
 private devotion," London [1820]. "New 
 sacred melodies," . .London [1825], 7th edition. 
 " The Bury melodies, adapted for public and 
 family worship . . " London [1830] . 
 
 Whitehouse, Henry, bass vocalist, born 
 at Worcester, January 15, 1823. Studied for 
 a short time under Sir George Smart, but was 
 chiefly self-instructed. About 1849, he was 
 appointed a Lay Vicai of Worcester Cathedral, 
 
 WHITTEN. 
 
 and a year later to St. George's Chapel, 
 Windsor, and Eton College. He held these 
 appointments till about the year 1857, when 
 he was made Lay Vicar of Westminster Abbey, 
 and Gentleman of the Chapels Royal. He was 
 for many years a member of the Choir Ben- 
 evolent Fund, and for some time served on 
 the Committee. His voice was a true bass, 
 but of extraordinary compass ; and by long 
 practice, he united the chest and head registers 
 so that he could sing purely tenor songs like 
 " The ]\Iessage," with as fine effect as those 
 appertaining to the bass voice proper. An 
 advocate for general culture on the part of 
 singers, his own work exemplified his indi- 
 vidual acquirements. He died in London, 
 May 11, 1892. Three of his sons have attained 
 more or less distinction in the musical pro- 
 fession : — WiLLi.\M Edward Whitehouse, 
 violoncellist, born in London, May 20, 1859. 
 As a boy he studied the violin under Adolphus 
 Griesbach ; but later on, turning to the vio- 
 loncello, he took lessons from Walter Pettit, 
 ultimately entering the R.A.jM., 1877. There 
 he had for instructors Piatti and Pezze for 
 violoncello, and H. C. Banister for harmony. 
 He was first to take the Bonamy Dobree 
 Prize for violoncello playing, 1878 ; and after 
 carrying off academic honours, was appointed 
 Professor and A.R.A.M., 1883, and elected 
 F.R.A.M., 1895. In 1891 he was made Pro- 
 fessor at the R.C.M., and later at the Royal 
 College of Music, Manchester. He is a 
 member of the Royal Society of IMusicians 
 Distinguished as a solo and quartet player, he- 
 has appeared at the Popular Concerts St. 
 James' Hall (from 1891), and many high-class- 
 concerts in London and the provinces ; whilst- 
 as a teacher he counts Paul Ludwig, Kate 
 Ould, and other performers of repute, anong 
 his pupils. James Frederick Whitehouse, 
 bass vocalist, born at Windsor, 1860. Chor- 
 ister, St. George's Chapel ; solo and head boy ; 
 now Vicar choral, and of Her Majesty's Private 
 Chapel, Windsor Castle. Known as a finished 
 exponent of Bach's vocal music, and as an 
 able teacher of singing, also as violinist and 
 pianist. Alfred John Whitehouse, studied 
 at R.A.M. Since 1878, organist and choir- 
 master, St. John's, Pimlico, and resident in 
 London as teacher of pf., organ, and violin, 
 Whitfeld, see Clarke-Whitfeld. 
 Whitmore, Charles Shapland, ama- 
 teur composer, born at Colchester in 1805 ;. 
 died in 1877. He was a major in the army. 
 Composer of the celebrated cavatina. Isle 
 of Beauty (" Shades of evening ") first issued 
 about 1830, arranged by T. A. Rawlings. 
 This appears to be the only j^ublished song 
 of any importance written by Whitmore. 
 
 Whitten, A., author of " The Music of the 
 Ancients, a lecture delivered in the Normal 
 School,Calcutta, May 12,1866." Calcutta, 1866. 
 
446 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 I 
 
 WHITTINGHAM. 
 
 Whittingham, Alfred, organist and 
 writer, was formerly in business as a dealer 
 in old music, etc. Organist of St. Michael's, 
 Bassishaw, London, from about 1878 until 
 the closing of the church. He translated 
 several works from Felis, Basevi, and others, 
 which were publislied in the Orchestra, new 
 series, from 1882. Author of Life and Works 
 of Mozart, IBSO ; Life and Works of Handel, 
 1881, both published by W. Reeves. Com- 
 posed First Studies for the pf . ; Musical Time, 
 20 easy studies in C, R. Cocks. Editor and 
 arranger of music by various composers, and 
 writer on general musical subjects. He died 
 suddenly in May, 1895. 
 
 Whomes, Joseph, member of a note- 
 worthy famil}' of organists. His father was 
 organist of Eltham Church, Kent ; he died 
 in 1838. Joseph Whomes, the eldest son, 
 was born in 1817, and in 1833 was appointed 
 organist at Charlton -next -Woolwich, and 
 afterwards to Eltham Church ; Woolwich 
 Parish Church ; and lastly, St. George's 
 Garrison Church, Woolwich, a post he still 
 holds. His brother, Henry Whomes, born 
 in 1829, was appointed to St. ]\Iary's, Cray, 
 Kent, at the age of nine, and four years later, 
 to Eltham, to which he twice returned after 
 holding office for a time at Sidcup and North 
 Cray. He was an organist for just fifty 
 years, his last services being on Christmas 
 Day, 1888. Two days later he had a paralytic 
 seizure, but partly recovered ; on the 9th of 
 April following, he was stricken a second 
 time, and died April 11. He was a sound 
 musician, but his retiring disposition caused 
 him to be but little known. Joseph Whcmes 
 had two sons, organists : Joseph, who died 
 in 1876 ; and Frederick, organist of the 
 Dockyard Church, Woolwich, who was one 
 of the unfortunate victims of the collision 
 between the Bywell Castle, and the saloon 
 boat. Princess Alice, Septemb-r 3, 1878, when 
 the latter went down off Woolwich, more 
 than GOO lives being lost. He was a thorough 
 musician and able teacher, and only thirty 
 jears of age at the time of the sad disaster. 
 A sister, Clara, was an excellent pianist, 
 educated at the R.A.M. Settled in Sydney, 
 Australia, she died there in 1884, at the age 
 of thirty-one. Emma, another daughter of 
 Joseph Whomes, is at the present time organist 
 of St. Mary's Parish Church, Woolwich ; and 
 Edmund, nephew of Joseph Whomes, is an 
 organist and conductor at Bexley Heath. 
 
 Whyte, James, tenor vocalist and 
 teacher, born at Strathmiglo, Fife, September 
 20, 1857. Studied under Oakey, McNaught, 
 and others, and is a Fellow of the Tonic 
 Sol-fa College. Precentor successively at 
 Kilmany, 1877; Brechin, 1881; Free St. 
 Bernard's, Edinburgh, 1888; and from 1892 
 at Dunoon, and conductor at the Curwen 
 
 WILD. 
 
 Institute of ^lusic. He has translated into 
 Tonic Sol-fa notation Loder's Violin Tutor, 
 and other works ; and is editor of Kohler's 
 Sol-fa violin music, etc. 
 
 Whythorne or Whithorne Thomas, 
 composer of the 16th century, was born in 
 1531. He composed " Songes of three, fower, 
 and live voyces . . . ," London, Day, 1571. 
 " Bassavo, Duos, or Songs for Two Voices," 
 1590. 
 
 Whytock, Janet M., see Patey. 
 
 Wichello, see Whichello. 
 
 Wigan, Arthur Cleveland, musician 
 and author, was born at London in 1815. 
 He composed songs, canzonets, and other 
 vocal music, and issued a " Modulating dic- 
 tionary, consisting of 552 modulations with 
 tlie returns," London, 1852 ; also Miscella- 
 neous Music, vocal and instrumental, London, 
 [1839] . 
 
 Wight, Arthur Norton, pianist and 
 comjDoser, born at Diisseldorf, on the Rhine, 
 in 1858, his parents being English, and at 
 the time travelling on the Continent. Studied 
 under Otto Lessmann and Oscar Raif, Berlin. 
 Settled in London, and since 1884, pianoforte 
 master at Dulwich College. His compositions 
 consist of a symphony in G minor, written 
 for the Symphony Orchestra, Washington, 
 U.S.A., 1896; two overtures — "The village 
 fair" (London, 1893) and " The Merry Month 
 of May " (1894). Sonata in C, " Kirmess," 
 duet, pf ; Berceuse, pf. and oboe ; Six minia- 
 tures, pf. Part-songs and songs. Longfellow's 
 "Norman Baron," for recitation, with pf. 
 accompaniment, etc., etc. Several of his 
 works have been produced with success on 
 tlie Continent and in America. 
 
 Wilbye, John, composer of the 16th 
 century. His biography is very obscure. 
 In 1598 he was a teacher of music in Austin 
 Friars, London. He composed " IMadrigals 
 to 3, 4, 5, and 6 Voices. ..." London, Este, 
 1598. Reprinted by Musical Antiquarian 
 Society, edited by James Turle, 1841. "The 
 Second Set of Madrigals, to 3, 4, 5, and 6 
 jDarts, apt both for Voyals and Voyces," 
 London, 1609. Reprinted by Musical An- 
 tiquarian Society, edited by G. W. Budd, 
 1846. " The Lady Oriana," madrigal, is in 
 the " Triumphs of Oriana." Among his 
 best-known madrigals are " Flora gave me 
 fairest flowers," " Sweet honey-sucking bee," 
 " Die, hapless man," " When Chloris heard," 
 "Stay, Corydon," " Lady, when I behold," 
 " Why dost thou shoot," etc. These madri- 
 gals are among the sweetest, most appropriate, 
 and fanciful pieces of pastoral music ever 
 composed. 
 
 Wild, Margaret, pianist. Studied at 
 the Leipzig Conservatorium, and played at 
 the Hauptpriifung in 1882. Gave concerts in 
 London, 1885, and also played in the provinces. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 447 
 
 WILKES. 
 
 Studied under Madame Schumann, 188G-8. Re- 
 turned to Loudon, and appeared at the Mon- 
 day Popular Concerts, November 28, 1888. 
 Has given concerts at Princes' and St. James's 
 Halls, annually, and has gained a good position 
 among the younger pianists of the day 
 
 Wilkes, John, organist and composer, 
 was organist at Monkland Church, near Leo- 
 minster, about 18G0. He studied at the 
 R.A.M., and composed the well-known hymn 
 tune, " Lyte," first contributed to "Hymns 
 Ancient and Modern," 1861. 
 
 Wilkins, Matthew, organist and com- 
 poser, who was born at Great IMilton, Oxford, 
 about July, 1704, and died there in August, 
 1772. He was a butcher, but also taught 
 music. Compiler of " Book of Psalmody, 
 containing some easy instructions for young 
 beginners, to which is added a select number 
 of psalm tunes, hymns, and anthems" [1730]. 
 
 Wilkinson, Sarah, see Mountain, Sarah. 
 
 Willard, N. Augustus, author, was a 
 captain in the army in India. Author of 
 "Treatise on the Music of Hindoostan, with 
 ancient and modern practice," Calcutta, 1834. 
 
 Willems, Miss, see Addison, John. 
 
 Williams, Aaron, teacher and publisher 
 of psalmody, was born in 1731. He was a 
 music engraver in West Smithfield, as well as 
 a teacher, and acted as clerk to the Scotch 
 Church in London Wall, London. He died 
 at London in 1776. He compiled and pub- 
 lished " The Universal Psalmodist, containing 
 
 1. A complete introduction to psalmody. . . . 
 
 2. A choice and valuable collection of tunes . . " 
 London, n.d., 3rd edition, 1765 ; 4th edition, 
 1770. " New Universal Psalmodist," 1770. 
 " Harmonia Ccelestis, or the harmony of 
 heaven imitated, a collection of scarce and 
 much esteemed anthems. ..." London, n.d., 
 6th edition [1775]. " Psalmody in miniature, 
 in 3 books, containing the tenor and bass of 
 all the tunes generally used in churches, 
 chapels, or dissenting congregations, London. 
 1778. Royal Harmony, or the beauties of 
 church music. , London [1780]. 
 
 Williams, Albert, bandmaster and com- 
 poser, born at Newport, Monmouthshire, 
 March 14, 1863. Joined the Depot of the 61st 
 Regiment, at Bristol, about 1878 ; went to India 
 in 1880 as euphonium player in the band. Re- 
 ceived instruction from Barthmann, the band- 
 master, and at the Military Exhibition held at 
 Poona, 1884, carried off first and second prizes 
 for composition and arrangement. Left India 
 in December, 1885, for Kneller Hall ; and in 
 February, 1888, was appointed bandmaster of 
 the 10th Hussars. Graduated Mus. Bac, Ox- 
 ford, 1891, and received his degree wearing the 
 uniform of the 10th Hussars. In 1892 he 
 succeeded John Winterbottom as bandmaster 
 of the Royal Marine Artillery, and did good 
 work at Portsmouth, where he remained 
 
 WILLIAMS. 
 
 until 1896, when he was appointed baudmaster 
 of the Grenadier Guards in succession to Dan 
 Godfrey. His comiDositions include Psalm 
 30, for soli, chorus, and orchestra. Overtures, 
 Heloise and Abelard, Proserpine, and Plutus, 
 for orchestra. Grand marches, Processional 
 and Ecclesiastical ; waltzes, etc. Arrange- 
 ments for military bands. 
 
 Williams, Anna, soprano vocalist, born 
 at Campden Flill, London. Daughter of W. 
 Smith Williams, literary adviser to Smith, 
 Elder, and Co., publishers. She received 
 lessons from H. C. Deacon and J. B. Welch, 
 and took the first soprano prize at the 
 National Music Meetings, Crystal Palace, 
 June 27, 1872. Studied at Naples under 
 Domenico Scafati, and made her first appear- 
 ance on her return at the Crystal Palace, 
 January 27, 1874. She was soon engaged in 
 concert work ; sang in the revival of Handel's 
 " Susannah," Alexandra Palace, Ajaril 1, 
 1876, etc. Her first festival engagement was 
 at Worcester, 1878, then at Birmingham, 
 1879, and Leeds, 1880. As an oratorio singer 
 especially she gained a high position. At the 
 Birmingham Festival of 1891, she received a 
 handsome present from the Committee, in 
 acknowledgment of her readiness in taking 
 extra work — Stanford's " Eden," etc. — on 
 account of the illness of Madame Albani. 
 She has appeared in opera, but her reputation 
 has been greatest in the concert room. In 
 1896 she joined the teaching staff of the 
 R.C.M. and G.S.M. 
 
 Williams, Anne and Martha, known as 
 the Misses Williams, soprano and contralto 
 vocalists, born at Bitterley, Salop, in 1818 
 and 1821, respectively. Studied under T. S. 
 Cooke and Luigi Negri. Sang at Stafford, 
 Shrewsbury, and other places, 1839-40 ; at 
 the Hereford Festivals, 1840-43 ; Gloucester, 
 1844 ; Worcester, 1845 ; and Birmingham, 
 1846, taking part in the first performance of 
 " Elijah." The sisters were engaged for the 
 Wednesday concerts, Exeter Hall, from the 
 commencement, November 22, 1848. Though 
 of repute in oratorio, they were more cele- 
 brated for their finished duet singing. Anne 
 married, IMay 13, 1850, Mr. Alfred Price, of 
 Gloucester, and retired ; Llartha sang at the 
 Hereford Festival, 1852 ; was married to 
 Charles Lockey, tenor vocalist {q-v.). May 24, 
 1853, but continued her professional career 
 to 1865. She is now resident at Brighton, 
 with her husband. 
 
 Williams, Annie, Welsh contralto vo- 
 calist, who appeared successfully as a concert 
 singer. For some time she was organist of the 
 Welsh Chapel, Jewin Street, London. She 
 died at London, October 16, 1890. 
 
 Williams, Charles Francis Abdy, com- 
 poser and organist, born at Dawlish, Devon, 
 July 16, 1855. Educated for the Church, at 
 
448 
 
 BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY, 
 
 WILLIAMS. 
 
 Cambridge, studying music as an amateur. 
 Was on the committee of University Musical 
 Society, 1876-8, and played violin in its con- 
 certs. In 1879 he went to New Zealand, and 
 was organist of St. Mary's Church, Auckland. 
 On his return he became music master of 
 Dover College, 1881. Graduated B.A., 1879; 
 M.A., 1882, Cambridge. In 1882 he went to 
 Leipzig, and remained three years at the 
 Conservatorium, besides taking x^rivate lessons 
 from Reinecke, Papperitz, Grell, and others. 
 Organist and choirmaster of St. Mary Boltons, 
 South Kensington, 1885-91. Graduated Mus. 
 Bac, Oxford, 1889; Mus. Bac, Cambridge, 
 1891. Since 1895 he has been organist and 
 music master at Bradfield College. 
 
 Works. — Psalm 24, and 29, for soli, chorus 
 and strings ; Communion service in E fiat ; 
 Evening service in F ; Chants for Benedicite, 
 etc. Music to Euripides' Alcestis, written in 
 Greek modes, and for Greek flutes and cithara 
 produced at Bradfield College, June, 1895. 
 Love's philosophy ; My true love hath my 
 heart, and other songs. Quartet in D minor 
 (1887) ; Sonata in F, pf. and 'cello (1888) ; 
 Four canons, pf., violin, and clarinet (1889), 
 Musical Artists' Society. Author of A short 
 historical account of the Degrees in Music at 
 Oxford and Cambridge, with a Chronological 
 List of Graduates in that Faculty, from the 
 year 1463, London, Novello, 1893. Contri- 
 butions on Greek Music to the Classical 
 Review ; Musical Times ; and Musical Qiiar- 
 terly Revieiv ; on Rhythm, to Musical News, 
 1891. Papers on various subjects. Musical 
 Association, 1891, and '93 ; on Elements of 
 Plain Song, Plain Song and Mediaeval Music 
 Society, 1895, etc. 
 
 Williams, Charles Lee, organist, com- 
 poser, and conductor, born May 1, 1852, 
 fourth son of Rev. David Williams, rector of 
 Barnes, Wiltshire. Chorister of New College, 
 Oxford, 1861-5. Pupil of Dr. G. B. Arnold, 
 and assistant organist Winchester Cathedral, 
 1865-70 ; organist of Upton Church, Torquay, 
 1870 ; tutor and organist, St. Columba Col- 
 lege, Dublin, 1873. Graduated Mus. Bac, 
 Oxford, 1876. F.R.C.O. Acting organist for 
 a time (in 1876) at Winchester Cathedral, 
 during an illness of Dr. Arnold ; then ap- 
 pointed to Llandaff Cathedral the same year ; 
 and in 1882, became organist of Gloucester 
 Cathedral, in succession to C. Harford Lloyd. 
 He also took the conductorshipof the Gloucs- 
 ter Choral Society, the first concert under his 
 direction taking place, December 12, 1882. 
 The next year he conducted the Gloucester 
 Festival, showing great ability ; and continued 
 in that until his resignation, owing to failing 
 health, in November, 1896. He also con- 
 ducted the Worcester Festival of 1890. From 
 1886 he gave annual series of organ recitals 
 in Gloucester Cathedral, with the addition of 
 
 WILLIAMS. 
 
 choral music, and large congregations at- 
 tended. Various societies in Gloucester were 
 improved through his help. He is an Hon. 
 R.A.M., and Associate of the Philharmonic 
 Society. 
 
 Works. — Church cantatas, Bethany, Glou- 
 cester Festival, 1889 ; Gethsemane, the same,. 
 1892 ; and A Dedication, tlie same, 1895. 
 A Harvest Song of Praise, Tewkesbury Festi- 
 val, 1895. Te Deum, composed for South 
 Shropshire Choral Association Festival, 1895 ;. 
 Morning and evening services ; Thou wilt 
 keep him ; To Thee, O Lord ; and other 
 anthems. Music, a choral song, Cheltenham 
 Festival, 1893 ; Twilight ; Kindred hearts ; 
 If doughty deeds ; The song of the Pedlar ; 
 and other part-songs, some of which are 
 extensively popular ; Songs, carols, etc. ; 
 Gavotte and minuet ; the Gloucester minuet, 
 both for strings. Chimes of Gloucester Cath- 
 edral, arranged for pf., etc. 
 
 Williams, Evan, Welsh musician and 
 harpist of first half of the 18th century. He 
 edited " Antient British Music," 1772, in 
 association with Parry of Ruabon. 
 
 Williams, Frederick Williams, author, 
 vocalist and conductor, born in London {?),. 
 1860. Studied at G.S.M. and R.C.M. Took 
 the Toronto degree of Mus. Bac, 1889. 
 F.S. A. of Scotland. Gave frequent lectures 
 on musical subjects, 1880-7. Contributed to 
 the musical press, and was the composer of 
 some pf. pieces. Author of a History of 
 Music for Students ; and the Five Great 
 Schools of Composition, Stanley Lucas, 1889. 
 He died at Hastings, iebruary 7, 1891, at 
 the early age of 31. 
 
 Williams, George Ebenezer, composer 
 and organist, was born in 1783. He was a 
 chorister of St. Paul's Cathedral under R. 
 Bellamy, and in 1814 he became deputy- 
 organist of Westminster Abbey. He died at 
 London, April 17, 1819. He composed " Sixty 
 Chants, single and double," and some church 
 and secular vocal music. Author of " An 
 Introduction to the art of playing on the pf." 
 London [1810] ; 2nd edition, 1815. Exercises 
 for the pf. and examining questions for school 
 classes. London [1815] . 
 
 Williams, Hamerton John, musician 
 and composer. Edited " Musse Sacrs, con- 
 sisting of Hymns, Psalms, and Sacred Songs 
 for one, two, or three voices. " London [1838]. 
 
 Williams, Joseph, clarinet player and 
 composer, born in 1795. He was a director 
 of the Philharmonic Society, and a member 
 of the Queen's private band. Died at London 
 in April, 1875. He composed a concerto for 
 the clarinet, produced at a Hereford Festival, 
 some dance music, and wrote an instruction 
 book for the clarinet. Edited " Christmas 
 minstrelsy of carols, anthems, and chants., 
 revised by Gauntlett." London [1865]. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 449 
 
 WILLIAMS. 
 
 Williams, Joseph (Florian Pascal), 
 composer, born in London, 1850. Son of 
 the late Joseph WiUiams, music publisher. 
 Studied at Zurich and Stuttgart. 
 
 Works. — Comic Operas : Cymbia, or the 
 Magic Thimble, Strand Theatre, March 24, 
 1883 ; Gipsy Gabriel, Theatre Royal, Brad- 
 ford, November 3, 1887. The Sirens of the 
 Sea, soprano solo, female chorus and or- 
 chestra ; cantata. The Dream Ship ; Six 
 sacred songs. Songs : For children of all 
 ages; iMay Morn; Captain's Daughter; 
 More than all, etc. Songs of the Upper 
 Thames (William Mackay), 1896. Six vocal 
 duets ; Masque of Flowers, little suite for 
 treble voices ; overtures; suites for orchestra ; 
 trios, pf. and strings ; pieces for 'cello and 
 pf., etc. ; Six Scandinavian Sketches, pf. 
 
 Williams, Lucas, bass vocalist, born at 
 Treforest, Glamorganshire, February 17, 
 1852. In his eleventh year he removed to 
 Stockton-on-Tees, where for some time he 
 was a roller in the ironworks. As a boy he 
 had a good contralto voice, and was taught 
 by John Thomas {q.v.) ', learned the Tonic 
 Sol-Fa from William Harris, at Stockton ; 
 took the elementary and intermediate cer- 
 tificates from John Roberts {q.v.) ; and learnt 
 harmony analysis through the postal classes 
 of the Tonic Sol-Fa College. While engaged 
 as a workman he conducted a choir, and was 
 the winner of prizes in local Eisteddfodau. 
 In 1875 he won the baritone prize at the 
 Pwllheli National Eisteddfod, and entered 
 the R.A.!M. the next year. After a few 
 months at the Academy he went under Georg 
 Henschel, and, later, studied under Ran- 
 degger. He soon gained a reputation as an 
 oratorio singer, and his popularity in the 
 North of England is very great. He has 
 been on tour with Sims Reeves, and has sung 
 at the Royal Albert Hall Concerts the part 
 of Sennacherib in Mancinelli's " Isaias " 
 (February 20, 1889), and appeared in many 
 important works ; he has also acted as ad- 
 judicator at Eisteddfodau. 
 
 Williams (Maria Jane), Llinos, soprano 
 singer and editor, born in Glamorgan, Oc- 
 tober 9, 1793 ; died November 10, 1873. 
 Compiler of " Ancient national airs of Gwent 
 and Morganwg : being a collection of original 
 
 Welsh melodies hitherto unpublished " 
 
 Llandovery, 1844. This work, in a less per- 
 fect state, was awarded a prize at the Aber- 
 gavenny Eisteddfod of 1838. 
 
 Williams, Owen, composer and editor, 
 was a native of Anglesey. Issued " Bren- 
 hinal Ganiadau Sion, neu Gynghanedd 
 newydd gymraeg yn cvnwys...." London 
 [1830], arranged by S. Wesley and V. 
 Novello. 
 
 Williams, Owen Jones, musician, who 
 published in parts a work entitled, " Psal- 
 
 WILLIAMS. 
 
 modia Cambro Britannica, or the original 
 English and Welsh psalmody," London 
 [182G]. 
 
 Williams, Sidney, violinist and com- 
 poser, born at Newport, Monmouthshire, in 
 1844. Appeared as soloist when eleven years 
 of age. Was sometime leader of the band at 
 Sadler's Wells, and afterwards at the Surrey 
 Theatre. Occupied the position of musical 
 director of the Cheltenham Theatre for many 
 years, and composed the music for a number 
 of pantomimes. Organist of the Unitarian 
 Church, Cheltenham, and teacher of the 
 violin. He has composed a number of pieces 
 for violin. Swing song. Eventide, Lelia, and 
 others. 
 
 Williams, Thomas, musician of 18th 
 century, compiled " Psalmodia Evangelica, a 
 complete set of psalm and hymn tunes, for 
 public worship," 1789. 
 
 Another Thomas Williams, or perhaps the 
 same, who lived on Clerkenwell Green, London, 
 issued "Instructions in miniature for learning 
 Psalmody," London [1800] . 
 
 Williams, Thomas, Hafrenydd, born 
 at Llanidloes, Montgomery, December 7, 1807. 
 Published a number of collections of tunes, 
 anthems (1845, 1852, 1860, etc.), and the 
 choruses of the Great Masters arranged to 
 Welsh words, and which were of much service. 
 He also published a Musical Grammar and 
 Dictionary. He died at Llanidloes, Decem- 
 ber 16, 1894. 
 
 Williams, Thomas E., composer, who 
 was born in latter part of last century, and 
 died at London in November, 1854, at an 
 advanced age. He composed the Larboard 
 Watch, duet, and a large number of songs : 
 Army and navy ; Bright sword no more in 
 anger drawn ; Call to battle ; Devil and St. 
 Anthony ; First vid de grace ; Kiss, dear maid ; 
 Lord L'llin's daughter ; Not a drum was 
 heard ; Pride of the ocean, etc. He also 
 wrote quadrilles, and other music for the pf. 
 
 Williams, Warwick, composer and 
 bandmaster, born at Holborn, London, in 
 1846. His father was in the East India 
 Company's service, and the boy went with 
 him to India in 1856, remaining there four 
 years, during the period of the mutiny. He 
 learned to play the cornet, and after being in 
 several orchestras, became bandmaster of the 
 3rd West Yorkshire Volunteer Regiment in 
 1869. He joined the Mohawk Minstrels, for 
 which association he composed more than a 
 hundred songs and ballads. Was co-conductor 
 of the London Military Band, 1891, while 
 D. Godfrey, Junior, was in South Africa ; 
 and in 1893 was appointed professional musi- 
 cal adviser to the London County Council 
 regarding bands in parks, etc. Editor of the 
 Eclipse Journal for bands, since its establish- 
 ment. He has composed the overtures. On 
 
 T>2 
 
450 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 WILLIAMS. 
 
 the mountains, Eclipse, Morimo, and others ; 
 and much dance music of a popular kind, 
 hesides songs, etc. 
 
 Williams, W. Langton, composer and 
 didactic writer, born about 1832. Author of 
 ^sop's Fables, versified and arranged for pf. 
 Composer of pf. album, Home pictures, 
 twelve pieces ; numerous songs, etc. He died 
 of apoplexy, December 23, 1896, aged 64. 
 
 Williams, William Aubrey, Gwilym 
 GwENT. Born at Tredegar, Monmouth, July 
 28, 1834. A working miner who gained the 
 reputation of being the best Glee writer 
 Wales has produced. Lacking in musical 
 culture and scholarship, he had a rich fund 
 of melody, and an intuitive grasp of the 
 characteristics of various forms. He was a 
 prolific writer, and probably competed more, 
 and won more prizes, than any other Welsh 
 composer. His compositions included several 
 cantatas, to one of which, " The Prodigal 
 Son," was awarded a prize at the National 
 Eisteddfod, Aberystwith, 1865. He also 
 produced anthems, choruses, trios, duets, 
 hymn tunes, glees, and part-songs. In 1872 
 he emigrated to America, and died at Ply- 
 mouth, Pennsylvania, July 3, 1891. In 1895, 
 by public subscription, a monument was 
 erected over his grave in Hollenback Cemetery, 
 Wilkesbarre, Pa. 
 
 Williamson, T. Q., musician, published 
 "Twelve original Hindoostanee airs" op. 4. 
 London [1797] ; and a " Second collection of 
 twelve original Hiudoostauee airs," op. 9. 
 London, 1798. Composer of Six favourite 
 sonatinas for the pf., op. 1; Six grand troops 
 with six quicksteps, op. 6. Thirty little airs 
 for two flutes or violins, op. 7. Ten easy 
 lessons for the pf., op. 8. Songs : Bird's nest, 
 Gipsey, Lubin's return, Pretty Nell, Wooden 
 leg. 
 
 Willing, Christopher Edwin, organist 
 and conductor, born in Devon, February 28, 
 1830. Son of Christopher Willing, alto 
 vocalist and Assistant-Gentleman of the 
 Chapel Royal (born 1804; died May 12, 1840). 
 Chorister of Westminster Abbey, under Jas. 
 Turle, 1839. Organist of Blackheath Park 
 Church; and assistant-organist, Westminster 
 Abbey. Organist of Foundling Hospital, IMay 
 11, 1848, and musical director shortly after, 
 resigning in November, 1879; also organist 
 concurrently at St. Paul's, Covent Garden, 
 1857, and All Saints', Margaret Street, 1860- 
 1868. Organist, Her Majesty's Theatre, 
 1848-57, and chorus-master at Covent Garden 
 Opera. In 1883 Sir Michael Costa presented 
 him with a collection of batons as a souvenir 
 of their official connection. In 1882 he 
 formed, from the old Sacred Harmonic, a 
 choir bearing his name, and gave concerts, 
 1882-5. Later he was conductor of the St. 
 Alban's Choral Union, and its triennial 
 
 WILSON. 
 
 festivals. He has composed some songs, the 
 well-known hymn tune " Alstoue " (" We are 
 but little children "), and other works. 
 
 Willis, Mary, mezzo-soprano vocalist, 
 pupil of Madam Sainton-Dolby. ]\Iade her 
 first public appearance at a concert of Madame 
 Dolby's Vocal Academy, December 14, 1882. 
 Sang at various concerts, and took the part 
 of Gipsy in Macfarren's " Jessy Lea," 1890. 
 Has given concerts in Steinway Hall, 1891, 
 etc. 
 
 Willman, Thomas Lindsay, clarinet 
 player, son of a German, who in the latter 
 half of the 18th century came to England as 
 a military bandmaster. Neither date nor 
 place of the son's birth are known. He be- 
 came principal clarinet of the Opera and 
 other orchestras about 1816, and was master 
 of the Grenadier Guards' band. From 1817 
 to 1839 he played solos at the Philharmonic 
 Concerts, and was considered the most deli- 
 cate and finished player of his time. He died 
 in London, November 28, 1840, at the stated 
 age of 56, but he was supposed to have been 
 much older. 
 
 Willmore, Walter Graham, organist, 
 born in London, May 24, 1851, son of the late 
 Arthur Willmore, the eminent line engraver. 
 Chorister at Chapel Royal, Whitehall, 1860-3, 
 and pupil, for organ, of George Cooper. Went 
 to United States of America, and was organist 
 of St. Mark's, Philadelphia, 1874-6, and of 
 the Roosevelt organ built for the Centennial 
 Exhibition of 1876. Two years later he was 
 established as organist of All Saints' Brisbane, 
 Australia, a position he retained till 1893. He 
 visited England in 1883, and, as a member of 
 the College of Organists, keeps up relation 
 with the mother country. 
 
 Willoughby, Robert, musician of latter 
 part of last and beginning of the present cen- 
 turies. Edited " Social Harmony, being a 
 choice collection of catches, glees, etc., for 
 two, three, and four voices . . ," London, 
 [1810] , 2 vols. " Sacred Harmony, consisting 
 of a collection of Anthems," London [1800]. 
 A short and easy introduction to vocal music, 
 London [1802]. 
 
 Willy, John Thomas, violinist, was born 
 at London, July 24, 1812. He established an 
 orchestra in London, which gave concerts for 
 some years. With T. Cooke he was principal 
 violin at the Birmingham Festival of 1846, 
 and played also at the Three Choir Festivals. 
 Composed music for the "Young Widow," 
 1843. Died at Clapham, London, August 8, 
 1885. His son, J. H. Willy, who was an 
 organist, died at Madras, October 12, 1809. 
 
 Wilson, Mrs. Cornwall Baron, com- 
 poser and lyric poet of the present century. In 
 18.37 she gained the prize of the IMelodist's 
 Club, and also medals at Bardic Festivals in 
 Wales. She died at London, January 12, 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 451 
 
 WILSON. 
 
 1S4G. Composer of Songs of the ship ; Water 
 music, a collection of national melodies., 
 arranged with a guitar accompaniment, Lon- 
 don [1835] . The Lyrist's Offering. She also 
 wrote many detached songs to her own words ; 
 wrote the poetry for Parry's Welsh Melodies, 
 vol, 3 ; and edited Memoirs of the Duchess 
 of St. Albans. 
 
 Wilson, Daniel Ferguson, organist and 
 composer, burn at Kilmarnock, October 6, 
 1859. Studied under A. L. Peace and others. 
 Graduated Mus. Bac, 1886; Mus. Doc, 1894. 
 Oxford. Organist of St. ]\Iarnock's Parish 
 Church, 1874; Parish Church, Ayr, 1878; 
 and of Ayr Town Hall, 1880. His composi- 
 tions are Psalm .30, for soli, chorus and strings ; 
 Cantata, Legend of the Drachenfels. He has 
 arranged as part-songs, John Anderson, my 
 Jo ; My heart is sair, etc. 
 
 Wilson, Haydn, organist and composer 
 of the first half of the present century. He 
 was organist of St. IMary's, Newington, Lon- 
 don. Composer of Six Overtures for pf., with 
 accompaniment for flute, violin and violon- 
 cello [1828]. Six Waltzes for pf. [1850]. 
 Other instrumental and vocal pieces. 
 
 Wilson, Hilda (Matilda Ellen), contralto 
 vocalist, born at Moumouth, April 7, 1860. 
 The daughter of a musician (her father, 
 Jamks Wilson, was bandmaster of the 
 IMonmouth Volunteer Corps, and afterwards 
 held important posts at Gloucester), her 
 earliest childhood was devoted to the art. 
 Her parents removing to Gloucester, she 
 became a member of the choir of St. Michael's 
 Church, and appeared as a solo vocalist at 
 concerts of the Gloucester Choral Society, 
 1874-5. In 1879 she entered the R.A.M., and 
 was Westmorland Scholar, 1880-1 ; and 
 Parep'a-Rosa Prizeholder, 1882. Elected 
 A.R.A.jM. She sung in the quartets, etc., in 
 " Elijah," and in Palestrina's Stahat Mater, 
 at the Gloucester Festival of 1880 ; was 
 second contralto at Worcester, 1881 ; at 
 Hereford, 1882 ; added to her reputation at 
 the Leeds Festival, 1883 ; and was first con- 
 tralto at Norwich Festival, 1887. She had 
 by that time acquired a leading position, and 
 at the Philharmonic concerts, Birmingham 
 Festival, 1891, and the chief concerts in the 
 Kingdom, worthily sustained it. In 1890 she 
 began a series of vocal recitals, assisted by 
 her sister and two brothers, at Steinway Hall. 
 
 Agnes Wilson, her sister, also a contralto 
 vocalist, was born at Gloucester, October 8, 
 1864. She studied at the G.S.M. under 
 Visetti, and at R.A.M under W. Shakespeare. 
 Appeared at concerts in 1887 ; has sung with 
 success at the Lincoln and Hovingham 
 Festivals ; and took part in the Hereford 
 Festival of 1894. She has also sung at the 
 principal London and provincial concerts. 
 She is a professor of singing at the Blackheath 
 
 WILSON. 
 
 Conservatoire, and, with her brother W. S. 
 Wilson, director and professor of the West 
 London Conservatoire of Music. 
 
 H. J. Lane Wilson, pianist, organist, and 
 composer, was born at Gloucester. Removed 
 to London in 1882, and studied under P. G. 
 Cole. Later he studied at R.A.M., singing 
 under A. Oswald, and composition under 
 F. Corder. In 1888 he was engaged as accom- 
 panist on ]Madame Minnie Hauk's tour, and 
 has had much work of that kind, besides touring 
 with Madame Albani in America, 1895-6. 
 He has com^^osed a Meditation for strings, 
 performed at Cheltenham Festival, 1893, etc. ; 
 an Ave Maria for soprano, with pf., violin, 
 and organ, sung by Madame Albani, Queen's 
 Hall, April 20, 1895; A mother's vigil; 
 Voices of the Angels ; Annette ; and other 
 songs. 
 
 W. Stroud Wilson, violinist, and baritone 
 vocalist was born at Gloucester, May 20, 
 1868. Studied the violin under his father, 
 and later at the Guildhall School and R.A.M. 
 under the late Francis Ralph. He was 
 engaged by Mr. Cowen for the orchestral 
 concerts at Melbourne Exhibition, 1888-9 ; 
 has also toured in America. Was leader in 
 Madame Llarie Roze's " Carmen " tour, and 
 is a member of the orchestras of the Royal 
 Italian opera, Crystal Palace, Queen's Hall 
 Promenade concerts, and the provincial 
 festivals. He is solo baritone in the choir of 
 Holy Trinity, Sloane Square, and director 
 aud professor of theW^est London Conservatoire 
 of Music. 
 
 Wilson, Hugh, shoemaker and amateur 
 composer, was born at Fenwick, Ayrshire, in 
 1764. He was originally a shoemaker with 
 his father in Fenwick, and occasionally 
 acted as precentor in the Secession Church 
 there. He afterwards went to Pollokshaws, 
 near Glasgow, and subsequently resided at 
 Duntocher in Dumbartonshire as manager in 
 a mill. He died at Duntocher, August 14, 
 1824, and is buried in the churchyard of Old 
 Kilpatrick. He composed a iitimber of psalm 
 tunes, but his chief claim to remembrance 
 lies in his well-known tune " Martyrdom," 
 which for many years has been a favourite 
 with congregations in Scotland. 
 
 Wilson, James W., musician and editor, 
 issued " llusical Cyclopaedia, being a col- 
 lection of songs with appropriate music. To 
 which is added an essay on the first principles 
 of Music," London [1835]. New edition, 
 1852. The essay is by W. Grier (q.v.). 
 
 Wilson, John, composer and lute player, 
 born at Faversham, Kent, April 5, 1594. He 
 was made Mus. Doc, Oxon., 1644. After- 
 wards he resided with the family of Sir Wm. 
 Walter of Sarsden, Oxfordshire, as music 
 master, from 1646. He was professor of 
 music at Oxford University, 1656-1662. Gen- 
 
452 
 
 BKITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 WILSON. 
 
 tleman of the Chapel Royal, and chamber 
 musician to Charles II., 1662. He died at 
 Westminster, February 22, 1673. Supposed 
 by Rimbault to have been the Jack Wilson 
 who sang in Shakespeare's plays. He com- 
 posed " Psalterium Carolium, the devotions of 
 his Sacred Majestic in his solitude and suffer- 
 ings, rendered in verse, set to musick for thre^ 
 voices, and an organ or theorbo," London, 
 1657 ; "Cheerful Airs or Ballads, first composed 
 for one single voice, and since set for three 
 voices," Oxford, 1660; "Aires for a voice alone 
 to a theorbo or bass viol. Divine services and 
 anthems," 1663; "Fantasias for viols." 
 
 Wilson, John, tenor vocalist and com- 
 poser, was born in the Canongate, Edinburgh, 
 December 25, 1800. He was apprenticed to 
 the printing trade in 1810, and afterwards 
 became reader for the press in Ballantyne's 
 printing office, Edinburgh. He studied music 
 under John Mather and B. Gleadhill, and 
 was a choir-singer in Duddingston Parish 
 Church, where the Rev. John Thomson was 
 pastor. He was married about 1820, and 
 became precentor of the Relief Church, Rox- 
 burgh Place, Edinburgl], and of St. Mary's, 
 1825. He sang at concerts in Edinburgh, 
 and studied for a time under Finlay Dun, 
 and singing in London, under Lanza, 1827, 
 and Crivelli, 1830 ; also harmony under 
 Aspull. First appeared in opera, as Harry 
 Bertram in " Guy Mannering," Edinburgh, 
 March, 1830. Sang in opera in London, 
 from 1830, and became highly successful in 
 English opera at Covent Garden, DruryLane, 
 and other theatres. He afterwards travelled 
 in Britain giving his Songs of Scotland enter- 
 tainment, and appeared as a concert and 
 opera singer till 1838. Appeared in the United 
 States, 1838, and visited Canada in 1849. He 
 died at Quebec, July 8, 1849. 
 
 One of the most successful Scottish singers. 
 His entertainments consisted of Nights with 
 Burns; Jacobite songs; Lady of the Lake, 
 1848 ; Mary, Queen of Scots, 1847, etc. ; and 
 were very well patronised wherever he ap- 
 peared. He published " Wilson's edition of 
 the Songs of Scotland, as sung by him at his 
 entertainments on Scottish TMusic and Song," 
 London, 1842, 3 books. A Selection of Psalm 
 tunes, sanctuses, doxologies, etc., for the use 
 of the congregation of St. Mary's Church, 
 Edinburgh, 1825. The songs Love wakes and 
 weeps. Hail to the Chief, Bonnie Bessie Lee, 
 Auld Joe Nicolson's bonny Nannie, etc., were 
 introduced by him, and by many are believed 
 to be his own compositions. 
 
 Wilson, Joseph William, composer of 
 the present time. He has written a church 
 Oratorio, " The Earthly and Heavenly Har- 
 vest," produced at St. Mary's Church, Wands- 
 worth, April 10, 1888; also an opera, "Donna 
 Theresa," performed, Wandsworth, 1885. 
 
 WINDSOR. 
 
 Wilson, Leigh, professional name of 
 William Edward Cockbam, a tenor vocalist, 
 who was born at Bristol in 1836. He was son 
 of John Cockram, music-seller there. He was 
 a singer of great promise and made a very 
 good impression when he first appeared. Died 
 in London, of brain fever, in February, 1870, 
 aged 34. 
 
 Wilson, Marmaduke Charles, composer 
 and pianist, was born at London in 1790. 
 Teacher and pianist in London. He died 
 after 1870. Composer of Sonata for pf, op. 
 10 ; Duet for harp and jpf. op. 15; Rondoletto 
 for pf. op. 7; Polonaise for pf. op. 12; Les 
 plaisirs de Printemps, pf. Duets, songs, etc. 
 
 Wilson, Mary Ann, see sub. Welsh 
 Thomas. 
 
 Wilson, Matthew, Scottish amateur 
 composer, who flourished in Glasgow in the 
 first half of the present century. He studied 
 music under John Turnbull and appears to 
 have been an accompanist at free and easy 
 concerts in Glasgow. To the "Lyric Gems of 
 Scotland " and other collections he contri- 
 buted a number of songs, among which may 
 be named "Meet me on the gowan lea," 
 "Sweet Jessie o' the dell," "Mary and me," 
 " Morag's Faery Glen," " far may ye roam." 
 He also wrote several hymn tunes, among 
 which may be named "Drumclog." 
 
 Wilson W. , author of a " New Dictionary 
 of Music," London [1830]. 
 
 Wilton, Fanny W., see Lablache, 
 Fanny W. 
 
 Wilton, Thomas Egerton, and Earl 
 of, comiioser, born December 30, 1799 ; died 
 March 7, 1882. Composer of " Hymn to 
 Eros;" "0, praise the Lord;" anthem,, 
 chants, and other vocal music. 
 
 Winchester, Ernest Charles, organist 
 and comjioser, born at Osborne, May 22, 
 1854. Organist and CM., Christ Church, 
 Southwark. Compositions : If ye love Me ; 
 The Lord is my Shepherd ; I will give 
 thanks ; and otlier anthems. Te Deum and 
 Benedictus ; Eight settings of the Te Deum ; 
 Jubilate; Preces and responses; Communion 
 Service, Kyries, Offertory sentences, etc. 
 Six original hymn tunes; Litanies, etc.;. 
 Crowning the ]\Iay Queen, trio. 
 
 Windle, Walter Wardle, organist, born 
 at Chesterfield. Chorister when eight at 
 Chesterfield Parish Church, and pupil of 
 Thomas Tallis Trimnell, and later of Dr. 
 Spark. Organist of Parish Church, Briming- 
 ton, when sixteen ; and since 1882 of Belper 
 Parish Church. In 1886 he was appointed 
 conductor of Ripley (Derby) Choral Union. 
 He has given organ recitals in many places. 
 Composer of Supplemental Hymn tunes, 
 Kyries, doxologies, and chants ; Six Kyries, 
 etc. 
 
 Windsor, James W., composer and 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGIUPHY. 
 
 453 
 
 WINGHAM. 
 
 pianist, was born at London in 1776. He was 
 a teaebeu in Bath, and died there on January 
 28, 1853. He harmonized a number of popuhir 
 songs and composed some vocal music. 
 
 Wingham, Thomas, pianist and com- 
 poser, born in London, January 5, 1846. 
 "When ten years old he became organist of 
 St. Jlichael's Mission Church, Southwark. 
 Studied at London Academy of Music, 1863 ; 
 entered R.A.M., 1867, studying under W. S. 
 Bennett and Harold Thomas. In 1871 he 
 was appointed a professor of the pf. there, 
 and afterwards elected a Fellow. He was 
 also a professor at the G.S.M. lu 1864 he 
 was app jinted organist of All Saints', Padding- 
 ton ; and he was musical director at the 
 Oratory, Bronipton, from 1882 until the time 
 of his death, which took place in London, 
 March 24, 1893. 
 
 Works. — ]\Iass in D, produced, Antwerp 
 Cathedral, 1876 ; Mass, Brompton, 1887 ; Te 
 Deum, for voices, orchestra and organ, Bronrp- 
 ton, 1884 ; Motets, offertories (composed for 
 Antwerp Cathedral), and other church music. 
 Songs. Orchestral : Symphony, No. 1, in D 
 minor (composed at R.A.M., 1869) ; No. 2, in 
 B flat, Crystal Palace, March 23, 1872 ; No. 
 
 3, in E minor, with chcral finale, 1873 ; No. 
 
 4, Crystal Palace, April 28, i883. Concert 
 overture, No. 1, in C, composed for the Jubilee 
 of the R.A.M., 1872 ; No. 2, in E, Eros, 
 Crystal Palace, November 27, 1875 ; No. 3. in 
 D, choral, Alexandra Palace, May 10, 1877 ; 
 N>i. 4, in F, Fair laughs the morn. Crystal 
 Palace, February 16, 1878; No. 5, in A, 
 Brighton Festival, 1879 ; No. 6, in D, Mors 
 Janua Vitse, Leeds Festival, 1880. Elegy on 
 the death of SterndaleBennett, Crystal Palace, 
 March 6, 1875 ; Serenade in E flat Phil- 
 harmonic Society, March 26, 1885. Concert 
 Capriccio, pf. and orchestra; String quartets, 
 in B fiat and G minor. Septet for pf., strings, 
 and wind, and an opera Nala and Damayanti, 
 left unfinished. Only a Barcarolle for pf., 
 and one or two songs by this composer have 
 l)een published. 
 
 Winn, Rowland Mellor, pianist, organist 
 and composer, born in Birmingham, April 24, 
 1856. Descended from musical families, by 
 both parents, his mother's maiden name being 
 Mellor. Articled pupil of A. R. Gaul. Gra- 
 duated Mus. B., 1876; Mus. D., 1883, Oxford. 
 F.R.C.O. Organist and choirmaster, Har- 
 horue Parish Church, from 1874. Has 
 appeared as solo pianist at ]\Ir. Stockley's 
 Orchestral, and other concerts, and is widely 
 known as an able accompanist. He has com- 
 posed an oratorio, " The Sea of Galilee," and 
 has published part-songs and pf. pieces ; also 
 " Sixty-one Melodies and unfigured basses " 
 (Novello), 1891. 
 
 Winn, William, baritone vocalist and 
 -composer, born at Bramham, Yorkshire, May 8, 
 
 WINTERBOTTOM. 
 
 1828. Gentleman of Chapel Royal, 1864. 
 Vicar choral of St. Paul's London, 1867. He 
 died at Willesden, near London, June 4, 
 1888, aged 60. Well-known as a baritone singer 
 of great ability, and for his connection with 
 various Glee and Quartet parties in London ■ 
 and elsewhere. Composer of Glees : Autumn 
 (1868); Go rose, prize glee, 1870. Life: Who 
 falls in fight, etc. Songs : England's gallant 
 defenders. Evening thoughts, Gipsy charms. 
 Her pathway strewn with fiowers. Nothing 
 more. Old ice king. Quite by chance. Who 
 wins the bride. Wild old woods, etc. 
 
 His daughter, Florence Winn, made her 
 debut as a contralto singer at a concert of her 
 father's in St. James' Hall, London, May 31, 
 1881. 
 
 Winny, H., organist and conductor, for 
 many years an active musical worker in 
 South Africa. As pianist he assisted in 
 concerts at Grahams Town from 1883 ; and 
 conducted the Handel Bicentenary Festival 
 in the Town Hall there, when " Israel in 
 Egypt " was performed for the first time in 
 South Africa, June 3, 1885. In 1886 he was 
 elected organist of St. George's Cathedral, 
 Grahams Town ; and after some years removed 
 to a similar post at St. Winian's Cathedral, 
 Pretoria. He died at Grahams Town, from 
 he^rt disease, July, 1895. 
 
 Winter, Pattie, soprano vocalist. Pupil 
 of William Carter. IMade her deb^it at the 
 Royal Albert Hall, Kensington, Apr.l 22, 
 1882. Sang at the Alexandra Palace the 
 same year, and at various concerts up to 1888, 
 when she went to Milan and studied under 
 Sangiovanni. On her return she sang at St. 
 James' Hall, April 3, 1889, and has estab- 
 lished herself among the accepted vocalists of 
 the time. 
 
 Winterbottom, a remarkable family of 
 military musicians, consisting of five brothers, 
 sons of John Winterbottom, of the Isc Life 
 Guards, who fought at Waterloo, and was, on 
 his retirement from the service, appointed 
 one of the wardens of the Tower of London. 
 He died in 1855. Thomas Winterbottom, 
 the eldest son, was in the band of the Koyal 
 Horse Guards nine years, and afterwards 
 bandmaster of the Royal Marine Light In- 
 fantry, Plymouth Division, for seventeen 
 years. He died at Plymouth in 1869. 
 William Winterbottom, born about 1822, 
 was a trombone player in the band of the 
 1st Life Guards. Then he was bandmaster 
 of the Woolwich Division, and succeeded his 
 brother at Plymouth, thence exchanging to 
 the 2nd Life Guards. He died at Boulogne- 
 sur-Mer, September 29, 1889. John Winter- 
 bottom, tiie celebrated bassoon-player, was 
 born about 1817. He was a member of the 
 famous Jullien orchestra when a young man. 
 From about 1852 he was in Australia, giving 
 
454 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 WINTERBOTTOM. 
 
 promenade concerts at Melbourne, Sydney, 
 and elsewhere. On his return to England 
 he was appointed to organize the band of 
 the Royal IMarine Artillery. This was in 
 1870, as he completed twenty-one years' 
 service November, 1891, and retired March 
 31, 1892. He then became bandmaster of 
 the Artists' Rifle Corps, London. He died 
 at Putney, May 18, 1897. Henry Winter- 
 bottom was bandmaster of the 7th Royal 
 Fusiliers, the 18th Royal Irish, and the 
 Royal ]\Iarines, Woolwich. Ammon Winter- 
 bottom was a double-bass player, member of 
 the Queen's private band. Philharmonic or- 
 chestra, etc. He died in 1891. 
 
 Frank Winterbottom, son of the last 
 named, was born in London in 1861. Edu- 
 cated at Bruce Castle, Tottenham. Studied 
 music under his father and his uncle William. 
 Held appointments as professor of music at 
 Dulwich College, and conductor of orchestral 
 societies at Croydon, Clapham, etc. In 1890 
 was appointed bandmaster Plymouth Divi- 
 sion Royal iNIarine Light Infantry, a position 
 he still holds. He gives symphony concerts 
 in the Town Hall, Stonehouse, during the 
 winter mouths, also entertain nents in the 
 divisional theatre, etc. His compositions in- 
 clude: Overture and ballet music, " Jorinda;" 
 interlude, " Phaulos ;" Illustration of Shake- 
 speare's " Seven Ages," Portsmouth, 1892 ; 
 a descriptive fantasia, "V. R." Also string 
 quartets ; pieces for violoncello, upon which 
 instrument he is a skilled performer ; selec- 
 tions, arrangements, etc. 
 
 Winterbottom, James, musician, born 
 at Glossop, in 1816. He was sexton of All 
 Saints' Church, Glossop, an office his family 
 had held for 200 years. In addition he was 
 organist of the church for 20 years. He died 
 at Glossop, in January, 1889. 
 
 Wise, Charles Stanley, organist and 
 composer. Studied under private teachers, 
 and graduated Mus. B., Cambridge, 1890. 
 Was appointed organist of Petworth Church, 
 1876; Godalming, 1878; St. Michael's, Aln- 
 wick, 1881. He is conductor of a choral 
 Society at Wooler, Northumberland, and gave 
 the first performance of an oratorio ("Crea- 
 tion ") in that place, February 21, 1896. He 
 has composed orchestral pieces, string quartet, 
 songs ; anthems, church services, etc. 
 
 Wise, Michael, composer and organist, 
 born at Salisbury in 1638. He was a chorister 
 in the Chapel Royal under Cook. In 1068 he 
 was appointed organist and choirmaster of 
 Salisbury Cathedral, and in 1675 he became 
 Gentleman of the Chapel Royal. He was 
 made almoner and master of the choristers 
 of St. Paul's Cathedral, London, 1686-87. He 
 was killed at Salisbury, in a midnight brawl 
 with the watch, on August 24, 1687. Com- 
 poser of a magnificat in E flat. Anthems — 
 
 WOOD. 
 
 Prepare ye the way of the Lord ; Awake, put 
 on thy strength ; Blessed is He ; Awake up, 
 my glory ; The ways of Zion do mourn ; Thy 
 beauty, Israel, etc. 
 
 Woakes, W. H., organist and author, 
 was organist at Hereford early in the present 
 century. He wrote "A Catechism of Music," 
 Hereford, 1817 ; " A Catechism of Thorough- 
 bass, catechism on music and dictionary," 
 Hereford, 1820. He also wrote " Ten glees 
 for three and four voices," [1830] ; Songs and 
 anthems, and dance music for the pf. 
 
 Woffington, Margaret or Peg, a cele- 
 brated actress and singer, was born at Dub- 
 lin, in 1718. First appeared in London, in 
 1738. She died in 1760. Her life is given at 
 large in Reade's novel, " Peg Woffington," in 
 MoUoy's biographical work, the " Thespian 
 Dictionary," etc. Best known as an actress. 
 
 Wolstenholme, William, organist and 
 composer, born at Blackburn, February 24, 
 186.5. Showed remarkable powers when quite 
 young ; and the late Henry Smart promised 
 to take hinr as a pupil, but he died just at the 
 period agreed upon. Blind from his birth, he 
 was educated at the Worcester College for the 
 Blind Sons of Gentlemen, and was musically 
 trained by Dr. Done. He appeared in public 
 while at Worcester, giving organ recitals, and 
 he played Mendelssohn's Concerto in G 
 minor at a concert of the Worcester Philhar- 
 monic Society, December 4, 1885. Graduated 
 Mus. B., Oxford, 1887, and in his prepara- 
 tory work committed to memory and tran- 
 scribed into Braille the score of Beethoven's 
 " Fidelio." In 1888 he was appointed organist 
 and choirmaster of St. Paul's Church, Black- 
 burn, in which town he is settled as teacher, 
 etc. 
 
 Works. — Cantata, Lord UUin's Daughter, 
 for soli, chorus, and strings ; Anthem for 
 Easter ; To take the air, madrigal, 5 voices ; 
 Part-song ; The voice of love ; Thou art high 
 above me, lady ; and other songs. Organ: 
 Sonata in D, in the style of Handel ; Canzona ; 
 ]\Iinuet ; Cai:itilena in F minor ; Finale in B 
 flat ; Die Frage und die Antwort ; Volkslied, 
 etc. Pianoforte: A Collection of pieces in 
 3 books ; Minuet in D ; Allegro alia burla in 
 F ; Wedding march ; Nocturne ; Scherzo in 
 F ; and others. Also detached pieces for 
 harp, violin, oboe, viola, and for mandolin 
 and guitar. 
 
 Wood, Anthony a, antiquary and writer,, 
 born at Oxford, December 17, 1032; died 
 there, November 29, 1695. From his writings 
 many biographies of the older musicians have 
 been taken. His " Athene Oxoniensis. .. .,"' 
 London, 1691-92, 2 vols., contains notices of 
 musicians who were educated at Oxford, and 
 there exists in IMS. in the Ashmolean Museum 
 a work entitled " Some INIaterials towards a. 
 History of the Lives and Compositions of all 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 455 
 
 WOOD. 
 
 English Musicians." "A Wood," as he styles 
 himself, was a great amateur musician. 
 
 Wood, Charles, composer and organist, 
 born at Armagh, Ireland, June 15, 1866, son 
 of ( 'harles Wood, a lay vicar in the Cathedral. 
 Obtained the Morlej' Scholarship for compo- 
 sition, R.C.M., 1883, and was appointed pro- 
 fessor of harmony, etc., 1888. In 1889, he 
 won the Organist Scholarship, Caius College, 
 Cambridge ; and graduated Mus. B. and 
 B.A., 1890; Mus. D. and M.A., 1894, in 
 which last year he was made Fellow of Gonville 
 and Caius College. A.R.C.M. While a stu- 
 dent at the R.C.IM. he wrote a pf. concerto, 
 string quartet, and other works. He won the 
 Musical World Prize, 1887, by a setting of 
 Alex. Grant's "Through the Twilight" ; the 
 Madrigal Society's prize and gold naedal, 1888, 
 with five-part madrigal, "Slow, slow, fresh 
 fount " ; and, in 1889, the prize offered by the 
 Wind Instrument Chamber Music Society for 
 a Quintet for wind. He has written inciden- 
 tal music to Euripides' " Ion," and " Iphig- 
 enia in Tauris," produced, at Theatre Royal, 
 Cambridge, 1890 and 1894 ; also set Shelley's 
 "Ode to the West Wind," for tenor solo, 
 chorus and orchestra (op. 3, Cambridge, 
 1889) ; and Swinburne's " Ode to Music," for 
 soprano solo, chorus and orchestra, written 
 for. and performed at the opening of the New 
 Building, R.C.M., May 2, 1894. He has 
 further published church music, songs, part- 
 songs, and edited a collection of Irish folk- 
 songs, Boosey, 1897. 
 
 His elder brother, William G. Wood, was 
 a distinguished organist. He was born at 
 Armagh, January 16, 1859, and received his 
 early musical training at the Cathedral, where 
 he was deputy organist, 1873-7. He afterwards 
 entered the R.A.M., and won the Lucas Prize 
 for composition, 1882. Was professor of the 
 organ, and F.R.A.M., P.R.C.O. While a 
 student, he was appointed organist of Christ 
 Church, Woburn Square (1880) : gave frequent 
 organ recitals, appearing at Bow and Bromley 
 Institute (1883), and elsewhere; played the 
 organ at the first concert held in the Queen's 
 Hall, December 2, 1893. In 1886 he was 
 appointed organist and music master of High- 
 gate Grammar School, a post he retained until 
 his death, September 25, 1895. He composed 
 an operetta. The Bride of Cambus (1883), and 
 published three settings of the Magnificat and 
 Nunc dimittis. He wrote a concert overture 
 for orchestra, and much music for the organ : 
 Fantasia and Fugue in C minor ; Sonata in 
 D minor; Three Canons, etc., etc., by which 
 he will be long remembered. 
 
 Wood, Daniel Joseph, organist, conduc- 
 tor and composer, born at Brompton, near 
 Chatham, Kent, August 25, 1849. Chorister 
 at Rochester Cathedral, and pupil of J. Hop- 
 kins, 1859-64. Appointed organist of Holy 
 
 WOOD. 
 
 Trinity, Brompton, Kent, 1864 ; Parish 
 Church, Cranbrook, 1866 ; Lee, Kent, 1868 ; 
 Boston, Lincolnshire, 1869 ; Clhichester 
 Cathedral, 1875 ; and of Exeter Cathedral, 
 1876. This appointment he holds to the 
 present time. F. CO. ,1873; Mus. B., Oxford, 
 1874 ; and in 1896 received the Mus. D., 
 Cantuar. He has been instrumental in 
 pre curing a fine new organ for the Cathedral, 
 and one in Victoria Hall, to which he was 
 appointed organist in 1882. He is also teacher 
 of harmony at Exeter University Extension 
 College, and has done much for music in 
 Exeter. Was one of the promoters of the 
 Western Counties' Musical Association, and 
 has been conductor of its Annual Festivals 
 since its formation in 1880. His compositions 
 are confined to church and organ music, with 
 tunes contributed to the Hymnal Companion 
 (joint editor of the new edition), and chants 
 for the Chant Book Companion. 
 
 Wood, Ernest, organist, was elected to 
 the post of organist and precentor of St. Paul's 
 Cathedral, Melbourne, Australia, 1888. 
 Previously he was known in England as a 
 clever performer on the organ. He gave 
 recitals with much success at Melbourne, 
 1891 ; in 1893 was appointed conductor of the 
 Royal Metropolitan Liedertafel, Melbourne ; 
 and in 1894 introduced the performance of 
 oratorios in Melbourne Cathedral. He gave 
 the first performance of Bach's Matthew 
 " Passion Music " at Melbourne, in April, 
 1897, and has done good work in the cause of 
 musical education there. 
 
 Wood, Henry Joseph, composer and 
 conductor, born in London. Received his 
 early training from his father, and was deputy 
 organist of St. Mary's, Aldermanbury, when 
 ten years old. Gave organ recitals at the 
 " Fisheries," and other exhibitions, South 
 Kensington, 1883-5. Entered the R.A.M. in 
 1886, studying under E. Prout, Dr. Steggall, 
 W. Macfarren, Manuel Garcia, and others. 
 On leaving the Academy he became conductor 
 of various societies ; also of the Rousbey Opera 
 Company, 1890; the Carl Rosa provincial 
 tour,lB91-2; the Georgina Burns "Cinderella" 
 tour, 1892 ; and Lago's season at the New 
 Olympic, 1892. In 1894 he was conductor 
 during Madame Marie Roze's farewell tour. 
 His career at the Queen's Hall began with the 
 promenade concert season of 1895, the pro- 
 grammes of which were of the highest class. 
 He has since conducted the Symphony 
 Concerts there, and his work has been charac- 
 terised by enterprise and distinguished ability. 
 All this time he has also been occupied as a 
 teacher of singing, especially for the stage, 
 whilst as a composer he has done a consider- 
 able amount of work. 
 
 Works. — ]\Iass, performed, St. Mary's, 
 Bayswater, December, 1892 ; Mass in E flat, 
 
456 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 WOOD. 
 
 op. 55, St. Joseph's Retreat, Highgate, June, 
 1896. Anthems. Dramatic oratorio, Doro- 
 thea, Grosvenor Hall, February 15, 1889 ; 
 Dramatic cantata, Nacoochee, 1890. Oper- 
 ettas : Daisy, 1890 ; Returning the compli- 
 ment ; Comic opera, Zuleika, the Turkish 
 slave, 1890 ; One hundred years ago. Royalty 
 Theatre, June 16, 1892. Romance, violin and 
 pf., 1887. Songs : The sea hath its pearls ; 
 Six songs, op. 15 ; The king and the miller ; 
 To one 1 love ; Will her heart to me incline ? 
 and others. Author of a work on his method 
 of vocal teaching. Breathing, Tones, and their 
 qualities, London, 1896. 
 
 Wood, John Muir, writer and music- 
 publisher, was born at Edinburgh, July 31, 
 1805. He established music-publishing busi- 
 nesses in Edinburgh and Glasgow, and was 
 associated with Chopin and other great artists 
 who visited Scotland on concert giving enter- 
 prizes. His firm published for a time the 
 Scottish Mouthly A/asical Times, a journal 
 which lived only for a short time 1876-78. He 
 edited a new edition of Graham's " Songs of 
 Scotland " (1884), and contributed important 
 Scottish matter to Grove's " Dictionary of 
 ]\Iusic." He died at Cove, Dumbartonshire, 
 June 25, 1892. 
 
 Wood, Joseph, tenor vocalist, was born 
 at Crigglestoue, Yorkshire, on March 1, 1801. 
 He appeared in opera and at concerts, and in 
 1831 married INIary Ann Paton (q.v.); and 
 some time after her death Sarah Dobson, a 
 singer. He died at Harrogate, in September, 
 1890. 
 
 Wood, Mrs. Joseph, see Paton, Mary 
 Anne. 
 
 Wood, Mary Louisa, organist and 
 teacher. Appointed to St. Thomas's Church, 
 Douglas, Isle of Man, 1877; now of St. Ger- 
 man's Parish Church in that town. Some- 
 time conductor of Castletown Choral Society. 
 Has done much for the promotion of music 
 in the island, and given frequent organ re- 
 citals. Is an Associat ■ of the Royal College 
 of Organists. She read a paper on the 
 " Liturgy of the Church from the musical 
 point of view," at the Sodor and Man Dioce- 
 san Conference, December, 1896. In August 
 1895, she was presented with an address and 
 testimonial in acknowledgment of her work 
 in the cause of music and charic}'. 
 
 Woodcock, Robert, English composer 
 of the 18th century. He composed " XII. 
 Concertos in eight parts . . ," n.d., chiefly 
 for strings and flutes and oboe. 
 
 Woodcock, R. J., musician and teacher, 
 author of " Progressive system of Class-sing- 
 ing, etc," Loudon [1843]. 
 
 Woodcock, William, organist and com- 
 poser, born in 1754. He was organist and 
 singing man of new College, Oxford, from 
 1799 to 1825 ; Graduated Mus. B., Oxford, 
 
 WOODWARD. 
 
 1806 ; and was clerk of ^Magdalen College from 
 1784 to 1818. Died at Oxford in 1825. 
 
 Woodd, Rev. Basil, clergyman and 
 musician, born at Richmond, Surrey, August 
 5, 1760. He was educated at Oxford, and 
 after acting as morning preacher at Bentinck 
 Chapel, Lisson Grove, London, 1785, was 
 minister of Drayton, Beauchamp, Bucks., 
 from 1808 to 1830. He died at London, April 
 12, 1831. He wrote " A new metrical version 
 of the Psalms of David," etc., and composed 
 " Paddington," a psalm tune, contained in 
 the "Bentinck Chapel Collection," 1800. 
 
 Woodham, Joseph, double-bass player, 
 was born in 1708. He was a member of the 
 Royal Society of Musicians for 45 years, and 
 played the double-bass in the orchestra of 
 Covent Garden Theatre, for over 40 years. 
 Died at Loudon, January 25, 1841. 
 
 Woodman, Rev. W., author of " Singing 
 at sight made easy, a complete course of in- 
 struction," London, 1860. 
 
 Woods, Francis Cunningham, organist 
 and composer, born in London, August 29, 
 1862. Studied at National Training School, 
 Kensington, 1877-80, under Sullivan, Stainer, 
 Prout, and others. Organist, Brasenose Col- 
 lege, Oxford, 1883-6 ; appointed organ scholar, 
 Exeter College, 1887. Graduated M.A., 1890 ; 
 Mus. B., 1891, Oxford. F.R.C.O. In 1891 
 was appointed private organist to the Duke of 
 Marlborough, at Blenheim ; and from 1895, 
 organist and music master, Highgate School, 
 Recitalist and teacher. Conductor of Oxford 
 Choral and Philharmonic (1893) ; Bicester Cho- 
 ral ; and Lincoln and Exeter College Musical 
 Societies. Lecturer for Sir John Stainer ; to 
 the British Association (Oxford, 1894) ; Oxford 
 University Exteusionists (1895). Associate of 
 the Philharmonic Society. 
 
 PuhJished Compositions. — Cantata, King 
 Harold, produced, Crystal Palace, June 6, 
 1896; A Greyport Legend, men's chorus, 
 with solo bass, and orchestra ; anthems ; 
 madrigal. Lie down, poor heart ; Carmen 
 Exoniense (Exeter College song); six songs, 
 op. 1, in MS. Incidental music to Two Gen- 
 tlemen of Verona (Oxford, 1893); to The 
 Tempest (Oxford, January, 1894). Suite in 
 D, for string orchestra ; in C minor, for 
 nailitary band ; Minuet, for small orchestra ; 
 Romance in F, violin and orchestra ; in G, 
 for violin, organ, and pf. ]\Iorning and even- 
 ing service. Anthems, songs, etc. 
 
 Woodward, Edwin George, violinist, 
 organist, and conductor, born at Bath, Dec- 
 ember 10, 1835. Was a chorister of Gloucester 
 Cathedral, and studied the violin under G. 
 Martin of that city, and harmony with J. 
 Uglow, of Cheltenham. Resided in Gloucester 
 many years as teacher, and organist of St. 
 Mary's, St. John's, and All Saints', resigning 
 the last in 1889. He still conducts the 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 457 
 
 WOODWARD. 
 
 •Gloucester Orchestral Society, and has had 
 other societies under his direction. Suc- 
 ceeded Henry Blagrove as leader of the old 
 Cheltenham Philharmonic, an office he re- 
 tained until the dissolution of the society. 
 He has been a member of the Birmingham 
 Festival Orchestra ; is still member of the j 
 Three Choirs' Festival Orchestra ; and leader [ 
 ■ of the Cheltenham B'estival, Cardiff, Swansea, i 
 Newport, and other societies. He is a Mason, 
 P.M., and organist, and has composed some 
 music for Masonic service, church hymn- 
 tunes, etc. Resident in Cheltenham. 
 
 Woodward, Rev. H. H., clergyman and 
 • composer, born at The Friars, near Liverpool, 
 in 1847. Educated at Radley College, and 
 Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Studied 
 music under Rev. Dr. Hayne, Oxford. Spent 
 a year and a half at Cuddesdon Theological 
 ■College, and was ordained in the Diocese of 
 •Oxford, becoming curate and precentor of 
 Wantage. Remained there eleven years, 
 working as assistant priest under Dr. Butler, 
 afterwards Dean of Lincoln. In 1881 he was 
 appointed a minor canon of Worcester 
 •Cathedral, and in 1890 succeeded the Rev. E. 
 V. Hall (q.i'.), as precentor. From 1869 to 
 the present time he has published a complete 
 Morning, Evening, and Communion Service 
 in E flat ; a second in D ; Communion 
 Service (unison) in A ; Te Deum in B flat. 
 The Radiant Morn ; The Sun shall be no 
 more thy light; Behold, the days come ; The 
 souls of the righteous ; Rejoice greatly ; and 
 ■other anthems, most of which have been 
 much in use. 
 
 Woodward, Richard, organist and com- 
 poser, born at Dublin, about 1744. He was 
 made Bac. Mus., Dublin in 17fi8, and Doc. 
 Mus. in 1771. Vicar-choral, St. Patrick's 
 ■Cathedral, 1772. Organist of Christ Church 
 Cathedral, 1765. Master of choristers, St. 
 Patrick's and Christ Church Cathedrals. He 
 died at Dublin, November 22, 1777. Composed 
 " Cathedral ]\Iusic in Score," op. 3. Anthems. 
 " Songs, Catches, and Canons," n.d., etc. 
 
 Woodward, William Wolfgang, or- 
 ganist and conductor, born in 1822. He was 
 organist of the Catholic Church, and con- 
 ductor of the Choral Union, Derby. Died at 
 Derby, August 4, 1882. 
 
 Woodyatt, Emily, soprano vocalist, who 
 was born at Hereford in 1814. She appeared 
 at many of the principal concerts of her 
 time, in London and the provinces. Married 
 Mr. William Loder, and retired. 
 
 Woolf, Sophia Julia, pianist and com- 
 poser, born in London, 1831. Commenced 
 learning music when five years old, and 
 afterwards, upon the advice of Cipriani 
 Potter, entered the R.A.M., 1846, becoming 
 his pupil. Elected King's Scholar that year, 
 and again in 1848, and on leaving was made 
 
 WORGAN. 
 
 an Associate, and later, elected a Fellow. 
 Married a Mr. Isaacson. She composed 
 pieces for pf., and songs ; also a comic opera, 
 " Carina," produced at the Op6ra Comique, 
 London, September 27, 1888. She died at 
 West Hampstead, November 20, 1893. Pot- 
 ter's last letter was written to her. 
 
 Woolhouse, Wesley S. B., mathema- 
 tician and writer on music, born at North 
 Shields, May 6, 1809. He became Head 
 Assistant on the Nautical Almanac Establish- 
 ment and while in that position published 
 his "Essay on Musical Intervals, Harmonics, 
 and the Temperament of the Musical Scale," 
 London, Souter, 1835. Second edition, 
 Charles Woolhoiise, 1888, issued as "Treatise 
 on musical intervals, temperament, and the 
 elementary principles of music." Also author 
 of "A Catechism of music," London, 1843; 
 " Treatise on Singing," London, n.d. He also 
 composed some instrumental music, and 
 edited works by Spohr, Raff, etc. He was 
 elected F.R.A.S. He made a fine collection 
 of violins, and was a man of great scientific 
 attainments. Died at Canonbury, London, 
 August 12, 1893. His daughter, Emma May, 
 was a pianist, and married Dr. William Rea 
 (q.v-); his son Edmund is a violoncellist, of 
 the Philharmonic and festival orchestras ; and 
 Charles is the well-known London music 
 publisher. 
 
 Woolnoth, Charles Hall, pianist and 
 composer, born at Glasgow, April 15, 1860. 
 Son of Charles N. Woolnoth, a distinguished 
 landscape painter. He studied under Rein- 
 ecke and E. F. Richter in Germany, and 
 John Farrar Howden (born, Leeds, 1818 ; 
 died at Glasgow, December 25, 1875), in 
 Glasgow, whose daughter he married. He 
 was for many years an active figure in the 
 musical life of Glasgow, but about 1891 he 
 went to London, where he is a teacher and 
 pianist. Composer of a cantata, " II Pen- 
 seroso " ; " The skeleton in armour," choral 
 ballad, Glasgow, 1889. Part-songs. Music 
 for pf., etc. 
 
 Wordsworth, W. A., musician and 
 teacher. He contributed papers to the 
 Dramatic and Musical Review, 1842. Lec- 
 tured in London on English composers, 1844-5. 
 Died. January 25, 1846. Author of " Treatise 
 on Singing, embodying with a course of 
 initiatory exercises, a critical analysis of the 
 principles of the art," London, 1837. Com- 
 poser of some ballads, etc. 
 
 Worgan, George, musician, who was a 
 grandson of Dr. John Worgan, was born in 
 1802. He went to New Zealand, and died at 
 Wellington on April 2, 1888. He issued 
 " Gems of sacred melody : a choice collection 
 of psalm and hymn tunes," London, 1841. 
 Songs and other works. 
 
 Worgan, John, organist and composer, 
 
458 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGKAPHY. 
 
 WORGAN. 
 
 born at London, 1724. He studied under 
 Kosingrave and Geminiani. Organist and 
 composer to Vauxhall Gardens, 1751-74. 
 Organist of St. Andrew's, Undershaft, with 
 St. Mary Axe, 1749 ; St. Botolph's, Aldgate, 
 London, 1758; and St. John's Chapel, Great 
 James Street, Bedford Row, 1760. Mus. Bac., 
 Cantab., 1748. Mus, Doc, 1775. He died at 
 London, August 24, 1790, and is buried in St. 
 Andrew's, Undershaft. 
 
 Works. — Oratorios: Hannah, op. ], 1764; 
 Manasseh. Anthems. Hymns in Riley's 
 collection. Agreeable Choice, a collection of 
 songs, London [1760]; A collection of new 
 songs and ballads, sung at Vauxhall, London, 
 1752, 1754, 1771, etc. Six canzonets for 2 
 and 3 voices, London [1785] ; Three new 
 English cantatas, 1750. Songs and Duets : 
 Bright Phoebus, Cordelia, Hark ! the loud 
 drums, I fill not the glass. Jockey and Jenny, 
 Neptune's resignation. Nun and Friar, Port 
 and Sherry, The thief. To the nightingale, 
 etc. Pieces for the harpsichord [1780] ; Six 
 sonatas for the harpsichord, London, 1769. 
 Organ and other pieces. 
 
 His brother, James Worgan, born at Lon- 
 don in 1715 ; died there in 1753, was also a 
 composer. He wrote Sappho's Hymn to 
 Venus, 1750 ; With beauteous Araminta 
 ranging, and other songs, etc. 
 
 Worgan, Thomas Danvers, son of John 
 W^organ, was born at London in 1774. He 
 was a teacher and autlior in London. Brother- 
 in-law of Sir William Parsons. Died at Croy- 
 don, in 1832. Author of "Rouge et noire de 
 musiciue, or harmonic pastime.-;, being games 
 of cards constructed on the principles of 
 music," London, 1807; The Llusical Re- 
 former, comprising an apology for intellectual 
 music, London, 1829 ; The composer or con- 
 trapuntist, with explanatory notes, London 
 [1826]. Composer of Vocal Sonatinas, form- 
 ing a coalition of vocal and instrumental 
 harmony, 1820, issued in parts. The Heroe's 
 welcome, a motet, comprising 45 parts, 1824. 
 Songs, etc. 
 
 His brother, John Worg.an, jun., composed 
 inarches for the pf., and Absence, Emma 
 [1799] , Soft downy sleep, and other songs. 
 Other members of the family were Mary 
 Worgan, who composed a number of songs 
 about 1750-60, and Richard Worgan, who 
 published a " Set of Sonnets, etc," in 1810. 
 
 Worrell, Marie, born Duval, soprano 
 vocalist, born in London(?), March 3, 1856. 
 Studied at R.A.M. Westmorland Scholar, 
 1875. A. R.A.M. Sang at concerts in Bir- 
 mingham and elsewhere while still a student, 
 and both in London and the provinces achieved 
 much success as a concert vocalist. She died 
 at Tulse Hill, London, February 12, 1895. 
 
 Wotton, William Bale, bassoonist, born 
 at Torquay, September 6, 1832. Son of a 
 
 WRIGHT. 
 
 Corporal-major in the 1st Life Guards, he 
 entered the band of the regiment when he 
 was thirteen. Studied at R.A.M. under Chas. 
 Lucas. Remained in the band of the Life 
 Guards until 1866, when he joined the orches- 
 tra of the Crystal Palace. He is principal 
 bassoon of the Philharmonic, and festival 
 orchestras, and has played in cliamber con- 
 certs in many places. He is professor of the 
 bassoon at the R.A.M. and R.C.M. His sons, 
 L. V. Wotton and T. E. Wotton, are both 
 bassoon players of repute. 
 
 Woycke, Emmy Drechsler, violinist, 
 daughter of Adam Hamilton (q.v.), was born 
 at Edinburgh. Appeared at concerts as 
 soloist from her eleventh year. Played at 
 the Gewandhaus concerts, Leipzig (with her 
 sister Berth.a., also a violinist), October 21, 
 1869. Is now an artist of repute in Edinburgh. 
 In 1871 she was married to Herr Eugen 
 Woycke, a German composer and pianist, 
 settled in Edinburgh. Their son, Victor 
 Woycke, l^orn in Edinburgh, in 1872, is a 
 violinist. He was taught at home, and made 
 his first appearance at i concert given by his 
 parents, November 30, 1889. In 1892 he 
 went to New York, wliere he is established 
 as a soloist of the first rank ; and where he 
 was also professor of the violin at the National 
 Conservatory of Music. 
 
 Wragg, J,, flute player, composer, and 
 writer, of end of last and early part of present 
 century. Author of The Flute preceptor, or 
 the whole art of playing the German flute. 
 London [1790] ; Improved Flute preceptor, 
 or the whole art of playing the German Flute 
 rendered perfectly easy without the aid of a 
 master, op. 6. London, 1806. Oboe preceptor,. 
 1792. These works went through several 
 editions. He composed duets, solos, and 
 other pieces for the Hute; songs; arrange- 
 ments and other works. 
 
 Wrenshall, C. L., pianist and comi^oser. 
 Studied under Henri Herz. For many years 
 resided at Birkenhead as teacher. Died at 
 Rock Ferry, near Birkenhead, at a great age, 
 in November (?), 1892. He wrote a good deal 
 of music for the pf., but it is now forgotten. 
 
 Wrenshall, William, an organist at 
 Liverpool, was tlie composer of some anthems. 
 He died in 1854. 
 
 Wright, Adam, organist and composer,, 
 born at Birmingham, August 5, 1810. Was 
 for more than 40 years organist of Carr's 
 Lane Chapel, Birmingham; now living in 
 retirement at Erdington. He edited "The 
 Congregational Tune-Book, a comprehensive 
 collection of psalm and hymn tunes.." 
 London, 1847. Sacred melodies for 4 voices 
 [1855]. " Church Music " . . 1861. Hymns for 
 Home [1868] . He composed many pf. pieces, 
 marches, polkas, gavottes, up to op. 124 ; 
 some part-songs ; The Sanctus, harmonized ;. 
 
BRITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 459 
 
 WRIGHT. 
 
 and a cantata, " Phyllis," produced at Erding- 
 ton Public Hall, May 29, 1888. Author of 
 "Pianoforte Students' Daily Practice," 
 London [1876]. 
 
 Wright, Elizabeth, see Arne, Michael. 
 
 Wright, Ellen, song composer, born in 
 London, daughter of an American engineer, 
 George Riley. Married to Mr. Wright, 
 solicitor, London. At first guided only by her 
 natural talent, she began to compose, and her 
 first songs were published in 1891. Afterwards 
 she studied harmony with Henry Gadsby.and 
 instrumentation under F. W. Davenport. 
 Among the songs she has composed are : She 
 walks in beauty; Queen of my days; Had I 
 but known ; Love's entreaty ; set of six songs 
 (poetry by Prior, Burns, etc.), sung by Mr. 
 Santley at the Saturday Popular Concerts, 
 March 10, 1894; Three songs, the same, 
 December 1 ; The dawn of life (with orchestral 
 accompaniment), and others. 
 
 Wright, Henry Smith, author of " An 
 Introduction to the Study of IMusic, with 
 historical and other references," London [1872J, 
 3rd edition, 1882. Composer of part-songs, etc. 
 
 Wright, Thomas, organist and composer, 
 born at Stockton-on-Tees, September 18, 1763. 
 Assistant organist to Garth and Ebdon of 
 Durham. Organist at Sedgefield, 1785-97 : 
 afterwards organist at Stockton in succession 
 to his father, Robert Wright, an organist of 
 some repute, 1797-1818. He died at Wycliffe 
 Rectory, near Barnard Castle, November 21, 
 1829. Composer of "Rusticity," an operetta, 
 1800 ; Anthems, songs, and psalm tunes, 
 " Stockton," etc. Fifth ode of the first book 
 of Horace [1796] . Concerto for harpischord 
 or pf. and 2 violins, 2 obes, 2 horns, a tenor 
 and bass [1795] . 
 
 Wright, Thomas Henry, author of 
 "New Preceptor for the Harp, including a 
 series of exercises . . . and succeeded by pre- 
 ludes, and progressive lessons. .London, 1825; 
 also 1835. Instructions for the harp, London 
 [1860] . Composer of Fantasias and arrange- 
 ments for the harp. 
 
 Wrighton, W. T., English composer, 
 born in 1816. Died at Tunbridge Wells, July 
 13, 1880. He composed numerous popular 
 songs, among which may be named Her bright 
 smile haunts me still [1856] ; Approach of 
 Spring ; A wish ; April showers ; Days gone 
 by ; Ever with thee ; Faded Rose ; My naother's 
 name ; Norah ; Our English rose ; Postman's 
 knock [1855] ; She sang among the flowers 
 [1803]; You need na' come courting o' me; 
 Shylie Bawn [1863] , etc. With Henry Wolf- 
 gang Amadeus Beale he edited " Congrega- 
 tional Psalmody, a collection of ancient and 
 modern tunes, chants and sentences. ." Lon- 
 don [1858]. 
 
 Wrigley, James Qrimwood, organist, 
 pianist, and conductor, born at Rochdale, 
 
 WRIGLEY. 
 
 April 16, 1849. Studied pf. under Thomas 
 Ashworth, T. Mekin, and Ed. Dannreuther ; 
 organ and harmony under Henry Stevens and 
 Dr. J. F. Bridge. F.R.C.O., 1873 ; Mus. B., 
 Cambridge, 1878. Was the first organist of 
 St. Mary's Balderstone (1871-3) ; then of 
 Christ Church, lilackpool (1873-5) ; and for 
 twenty years, from 1875, organist and choir- 
 master of the Parish Church, High Wycombe. 
 Was conductor of the Blackpool Vocal Society, 
 1874-5 ; and is now conductor of the High 
 Wycombe Choral Association, an appointment 
 held since 1875, and of the Maidenhead Phil- 
 harmonic Society, from 1879. The concerts 
 given under his direction have been noted for 
 the production of works by British composers. 
 Mr. Wrigley has given organ recitals in many 
 parts of the country, and appeared at the 
 Bow and Bromley Institute in 1882 ; he is 
 also known as a solo pianist. He has com- 
 posed a setting of Ps. 23, for soli, chorus and 
 orchestra ; and published church music, songs, 
 and part-songs. 
 
 His brother, William Alfred Wrigley, 
 graduated Mus. B., Oxford, 1883. Has held 
 the office of organist at St. I\Iary's Rochdale 
 (1871) ; Christ Church, Manchester (1879) ; 
 Holy Innocents', Fallowfield (1882) ; and of 
 Todmorden Parish Church since 1884. His 
 compositions include Ps. 40, for soli, chorus, 
 and orchestra ; part-songs, etc. 
 
 Wrigley, John, pianist, organist, com- 
 poser, and vocalist, born at Ashton-under- 
 Lyue, Lancashire, September 29, 1830. Re- 
 ceived his first instruction in music from his 
 father, who was organist of Ashton Parish 
 Church. After some study under Richard 
 H. Andrews and others, he entered the R. A.M. 
 in 1849, studying composition under Cipriani 
 Potter. In 1853 he was elected an Associate 
 aiad in 1887 a fellow of R.A.M. Many years 
 of his life were spent in Manchester, as a 
 teacher and lecturer ; he was also sometime 
 organist of St. Saviour's Church, Chorlton- 
 on-j\Iedlock. He began his career as a com- 
 poser in 1848, and gave a concert in 1849, 
 before proceeding to the R.A.M.. Since 1876 
 he has been local examiner for R.A.M., and 
 also R.C.IM. since its foundation. He has 
 been President of the Victoria Glee Club, and 
 in 1890 was elected a Vice-President of the 
 IManchester Vocal Union, which Society has 
 performed his larger choral works. His pf. 
 compositions have been played by F. 1 )awson 
 and other distinguished pianists. He gave 
 pf. recitals up to 1885, but of late years he 
 has relinquished active work, remaining bon. 
 local representative of R.A.M. 
 
 Works. — Anthems: Make a joyful noise; 
 Holy, Holy, Holy; He brought down my 
 strength (all for soli, quartet, and chorus, 
 and performed in the Gentlemens' Concert 
 Room, Manchester). Spring time, part-song; 
 
4(jO 
 
 BRITISH MUSICAL BlOGJtAPHY. 
 
 WLTRM. 
 
 ■0, merry lark, glee ; The lover's choice ; 0, 
 give me music ; Ave Maria, and other songs. 
 Jubilee march (performed at opening of Man- 
 chester Exliibition, 1887). Introduction and 
 variations, Go bury thy sorrow, organ. Piano- 
 forte : Sonata No. 1, in A (1870) ; No. 2, in G 
 (1892); Grand waltz; Sprites' Frolic ; Taran- 
 tella in A minor; Allegretto grazioso in C; 
 Allegro de concert ; and other pieces. 
 
 Wurm, Marie J. A., pianist and com- 
 poser, born at Southampton, May 18, 1860. 
 Her father, J. E. Wurm, was a pianist and 
 •concert giver in that town. He died, 1892. 
 Marie Wurm studied at the Stuttgart Con- 
 servatorium, and also with P. Taylor, Madame 
 Schumann, J. Raff, and others. In 1884 she 
 won the Mendelssohn Scholarship, and studied 
 under Sir Arthur Sullivan, Drs. Stanford and 
 J. F. Bridge. She played Schumann's piano- 
 forte concerto at the Crystal Palace, Novem- 
 ber 11, 1882, and appeared at the Monday 
 Popular Concerts in 1884. In this year she 
 appeared atherfather's concert, Southampton, 
 with her sister Alice, also a pianist. She has 
 given recitals in London, and played in 
 Leipzig, Berlin, Meiningen, and other places 
 with great success. Her compositions com- 
 prise a pf. concerto in B minor, and an over- 
 ture (Berlin, 1887); String quartet in B flat, 
 op. 40 (London, 1894) ; Sonata, pf. and 
 violoncello ; Four pf. duets, op. 24 ; Pf . pieces, 
 part-songs, and duets, etc. Her sister, 
 Mathilde Wurm, is also a pianist of repute. 
 She has given recitals in Steinway Hall, 
 London ; Chamber concerts in Princes' Hall ; 
 and played at the Saturday Popular Concerts 
 (January, 1887), and elsewhere. In 1893 she 
 adopted the name of Verne. 
 
 Wydow, or Wedow, Robert, clergyman 
 and musician of the 15th century, was a 
 native of Thaxted, in Essex. He was educated 
 at Oxford, and became Mus. B. there, and 
 at Cambridge in 1502. He was presented to 
 the living of Thaxted by Edward IV. in 1481, 
 and held it till 1489. ' In 1497 he succeeded 
 Abvngdon as succentor of Wells Cathedral. 
 He" died in 1505. 
 
 Wylde, Henry, composer and writer, 
 born at Bashey, Hertfordshire, in 1822. Son 
 of Henry Wylde, gentleman in ordinary to 
 George IV. He was organist of St. Ann's, 
 Aldersgate Street, London, in 1844, and in 
 1852 he founded the New Philharmonic 
 Society, at which he produced Liszt's " St. 
 Elizabeth" in 1870, and other modern works. 
 In 1871 he established the London Academy 
 of Music. Mus. D., Cantab., 1851 (accumu- 
 lated degrees). Gresham Professor of music 
 in succession to Professor E. Taylor, 1863. 
 Associate of R.A.M., etc. He died at London, 
 March 13, 1890. Author of " Harmony, and 
 the Science of Music," London, 1865 and 
 1872; "Music in its Art Mysteries," London, 
 
 WYNNE. 
 
 1867; " Modern Counterpoint in major keys," 
 London, 1873; "Occult Principles of IMusic," 
 1881; "Music as an Educator..," 1882. 
 Evolution of the Beautiful in Sound, Man- 
 chester, 1887. Composer of Praise and prayer, 
 op. 14, and Paradise Lost (selections), 1850, 
 cantatas ; a Pianoforte Concerto in F minor ; 
 Sonatas for pf., op. 1 and 7 ; Rhapsody for 
 pf., op. 2. Selection of Chants.., London 
 [1864] . 
 
 His brother, James Wylde, was a harpist 
 in London. 
 
 Wynne, John, vocal composer, of the 18th 
 century, composed, among other works, 
 " Tw. Ive English Songs," London [1750] . 
 
 Wynne, Kate, contraUo vocalist, sister of 
 undernoted, was born at Holywell, Flintshire. 
 Her countrymen gave her the title of Llinos 
 Gwyncdd~The Linnet of Wales. With her 
 sister she has ai peared at many concerts in 
 I ondon and the provinces. At St. George's 
 Hall, the sisters introduced to a London 
 audience John Thomas's cantata, " The 
 Bride of Neath Valley," February 12, 1867. 
 After her marriage with Mr. Henry Matthison, 
 of Birmingham, she still sang a good deal in 
 public, and was a great favourite in the 
 Principality, receiving compliments from 
 Lord Penrhyn and others. She retired from 
 the profession about the year 1877. 
 
 Wynne, Sarah Edith, Eos Cymru 
 Pencerddes, The Nightingale of Wales. 
 Soprano vocalist, born at Holywell, Flintshire, 
 March 11, 1842. Sang, at the age of nine, at 
 a concert of the Holywell Philharmonic 
 Society, and a few years later was placed 
 under Mrs. Scarisbrick, of Liverpool. In 
 1862 (July 4), she made her first appearance 
 in London, at a concert of Welsh music, 
 given by Mr. John Thomas. About this time 
 she entered the R A.M., and in 1S63 won the 
 Westmorland Scholarship. Her reputation 
 rapidly spread, and she was engaged for the 
 principal concerts. In 1869 she studied for a 
 short time under Romani, of Florence. She 
 sang at the Birmingham Musical Festival of 
 1870, and afterwards at other like celebrations, 
 and in 1871, visited America. Prom this 
 time her career was an unbroken success. 
 In 1872 she sang at a State concert, and, two 
 years later, was the recipient of a flattering 
 testimonial at the Hanover Square Rooms. 
 A marble bust of herself was presented to her 
 by Sir \Vatkin W. Wynn, and a diamond 
 bracelet by ]Mr. Osborne Morgan. She was 
 married to Mr. Aviet Agabeg at the Savoy 
 Chapel Royal, November 16, 1875, since 
 when her time has been chiefly devoted to 
 tuition in singing, but she occasionaly 
 appeared in public, singing at St. James's 
 Hall so late as July, 1894. and at Aberystwith 
 in the summer of 1896. She had some little 
 stage experience, singing in the first per- 
 
BEITISH MUSICAL BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 461 
 
 WYVILL. 
 
 formance of Macfarren's "Jessie Lea," at 
 the Gallery of Illustration, November 2, 
 1863; in " Maritana," and other English 
 operas, at the Crystal Palace, from 1869, for 
 a season or two. She also took part in the 
 performance of the second part of King Henry 
 IV, at Drury Lane iu 1864, when she inter- 
 polated the Welsh song, " The Bells of 
 Aberdovey." It was, however, in the simple 
 ballad that her greatest charm was exercised. 
 This eminent artist died suddenly in London, 
 January 23, 1897. 
 
 Wyvill, Zerubbabel, composer and or- 
 ganist, born at Maidenhead, Berks., in 176.3. 
 He was a teacher of music at Maidenhead, 
 and organist of the Chapel of St. Slary 
 Magdalene and Andrew there. Resided at 
 Inwood House, Hounslow, and was twice 
 married. In 1828 he was involved in Chancery 
 proceedings concerning the estate of his 
 father-in-law. He died at Hounslow Middle- 
 sex, May 14, 1837. 
 
 Works. — A collection of psalms and hymns 
 for four vo.ces, London, n.d. A collection of 
 catches and glees for 3 and 4 voices, London, 
 n.d. Anthem, two hymns, and two dismissions, 
 selected and composed for the General Thanks- 
 giving, June 1, 1802. In this appears the 
 well-known hymn tune "Eaton." Berkshire 
 March, in 8 parts, London, 1793. Armed 
 Yeoman, song [1795], etc. 
 
 His son Robert, born 1789 ; died at 
 Maidenhead in August, 1869, was organist of 
 St. Mary's Chapel there, and published a 
 Collection of hymn tunes and chants ; and 
 " A second set of Hymns arranged for the pf. 
 or organ," London, 1840. 
 
 Another musician of the name of J. Wyvill, 
 composed " Friar John in his cell," an epi- 
 gram, London [1780] , and other vocal music. 
 
 Wyse, John, musician, issued " Music of 
 the hymns, anthems, and litanies, intended 
 for the use of the co-fraternities of La Salette, 
 established in England," London, 1855. 
 
 Xiniwe, Paul, bass vocalist, and member 
 of the South African Choir that visited Great 
 Britain in 1891. He was educated at the 
 Lovedale Institution, Cape Colony, has a fine 
 bass voice, is remarkably intelligent, and 
 acted as the spokesman of the choir, which 
 sang by command before the Queen. While 
 in England he obtained the Elementary and 
 Intermediate Certificate of the Tonic Sol-fa 
 College, and is now exercising his skill in his 
 native district. 
 
 Yarwood, Joseph, composer and bass 
 singer, born at Manchester, May 6, 1829. 
 Composer of anthems Glees: Our jolly tars ; 
 Merry boys at sea; Town and trade ; Fill the 
 goblet ; Hail to the woods ; Welcome brothers ; 
 etc. Also polkas and other pf. music. 
 
 YOUNG. 
 
 Yates, William, composer, whoflourished 
 in the latter half of the 18th centur>. He 
 wrote among other works a " Collection of 
 moral songs or hymns, by I. Watts," London, 
 1769. " New musical address to the town on 
 the opening of Marylebone Gardens," London 
 [1763] ; " Collection of songs sung at Vauxhall 
 and jMarylebone Gardens," London [1764]. 
 Songs : Colin's address : Haughty Delia ;. 
 Tell-tale, etc. Six easy sonatas for harp- 
 sichord, op. 3 [1770]. 
 
 Yonge, Nicholas, musician of the 16th 
 and 17th centuries. Published " Musica 
 TransaliDina, madrigales translated, of 4, 5, 
 and 6 parts, chosen out of divers excellent 
 authors . . . . " London, 1588. " Musica Trans- 
 ali^ina, the second book of madrigales to 5 
 and 6 voices, translated out of sundry Italian 
 authors.. . ." London, 1597. 
 
 Youll, Henry, a composer of madrigals 
 and other vocal music, who flourished at the 
 end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th 
 centuries. He issued " Canzonets to three 
 voyces," London, 1608. 
 
 Voung, Anne, see Guxn, Anne. 
 
 Young, Cecilia, sec szib. Arxe, Thomas A. 
 
 Young, Rev. Edward, author of "The 
 Harp of God," twelve lectures on liturgical 
 music, its import, history, present state and 
 reformation," London, 1861. Composer of 
 A morning and evening service, Te deum, 
 jubilate, magnificat, and nunc dimittis, 
 hymn tunes, etc. 
 
 Young, Harriet Maitland, composer, 
 of the present time, who has written several 
 operettas : " An Artist's Proof, produced 
 Brighton, February 4, 1882 ; "The Queen of 
 Hearts," Dartford, February 6, 1888 ; " The 
 Holly Branch," and " When one door shuts, 
 another opens," produced at Bradford, No- 
 vember 28, 1896. Also composer of Tell me 
 so ; A passing cloud, and other songs. 
 
 Young, Isabella (Mrs. L.\mpe), soprano 
 vocalist, sister of Mrs. T. A. Arne, and 
 daughter of Charles Young, organist of All 
 Hallows, Barking. She sang at concerts, 
 and after her marriage to Johann Friederich 
 Lampe (1703-1751) she sang on the stage in 
 works by her husband and others. 
 
 Young, John Matthew Wilson, or- 
 ganist and composer, born at Durham, 
 December 17, 1822. Was principal solo boy in 
 the cathedral choir; pupil of Dr. Henshaw, 
 and afterwards his assistant. For six years 
 he was music-master at the York and Ripon 
 Training College. In 1850 he was appointed 
 organist of Lincoln Cathedral. When the Peter- 
 borough and Lincoln " Oratorio Festi\ al " was 
 established, in 1888, Mr. Young was joint 
 conductor with the organist of Peterborough 
 Cathedral, the first Lincoln Festival occurring 
 June 19, 1889. After holding his appointment 
 at Lincoln Cathedral for 45 years, he retired iu 
 
462 
 
 lUlITISH MUSICAL BIOGEAPHY. 
 
 YOUNG. 
 
 1895, and removed to London. He died at 
 West Norwood, March 4, 1897. His works 
 include a sacred cantata, " The Return of 
 Israel to Palestine," produced at the Lincoln 
 Festival, June 15, 1892 ; " I will extol my 
 God," and other anthems ; a Festival Service 
 in C : IMorning Service in D ; several settings 
 of the Te Deum, and other Church music. 
 
 Young, Mary, ]Mrs. Barthelemon, 
 soprano vocalist, was born about 1745. She 
 was taught singing in London, and appeared 
 at Drury Lane in "The Spring," pastoral, in 
 1762. In 1766 she married F. H. Barthelemon, 
 the French violinist and composer. She was 
 the original Nysa in O'Hara's " Midas." Died 
 September 20, 1799. 
 
 Young, Rev. Matthew, clergyman and 
 musician, born at Roscommon, 1750. Died 
 in 1800. Author of "Inquiry into the princi- 
 pal phenomena of sounds and musical strings," 
 London, 1784. 
 
 Young, William James, organist and 
 composer, brother of J. M. W. Young, born 
 at Durham, April 18, 18.35. Chorister, Dur- 
 ham Cathedral, 1843. From 1852 studied 
 under his brother at Lincoln ; assistant 
 organist, Lincoln Cathedral, 1857-8. Organ- 
 ist of St. John's, Longsight, Manchester, 
 1858-71 ; St. Peter's, Levenshulme, 1871-80 ; 
 St. James', Birch-in-Rusholme, 1880 ; and 
 St. Elizabeth's, Reddish Green, near Stock- 
 port, 1895. Composer of a large number of 
 part-songs. Gaily thro' the greenwood ; I love 
 the merry springtime ; Hail ! merry Christ- 
 mas ; 0, welcome, merry May, etc., most of 
 which have been widely popular. He has also 
 composed some songs, "The Winter King" 
 (with orchestra) ; and marches for orchestra 
 which have been performed at IManchester, 
 Scarborough Spa, etc. 
 
 ZUCCHELLI. 
 
 Younger, Montague, organist, born at 
 Sydney, New South Wales. Pupil of C. S. 
 Packer. Has been organist of St. Andrew's 
 Anglican Cathedral, Sydney, since 1868. 
 Conducted a performance of Benedict's " St. 
 Peter" (the first in Australia), at the Sydney 
 International Exhibition, April 10, 1880. 
 
 Zerbini, John Baptist, violinist and 
 pianist, son of an Italian musician (J. B. 
 Zerbini, member of the London Philharmonic 
 orchestra, died December 27, 1889), was born 
 in London in 1839. He began his career in 
 the band at Drury Lane when he was 
 seventeen, and in 1867 joined Mr. Chappell's 
 string quartet at the Popular Concerts as 
 viola player, and also as pianoforte accom- 
 panist. He married Anna Patey, who was 
 for a long time amanuensis and secretary to 
 the eminent geologist. Sir Charles Lyell. 
 His wife died in June, 1884, and Zerbini, in 
 failing health, went to Australia. He soon 
 established himself as a teacher of repute; 
 directed Chamber concerts at Victoria, in 
 1887 ; and died at Melbourne, November 28, 
 1891. He was a man of quiet, unassuming 
 manners, an excellent accompanist, and a 
 good all-round musician. 
 
 His brother, Leander, a native of London, 
 was a vocalist and composer. 
 
 Zotti, Carlo, see Croal, George. 
 
 Zucchelli, Carlo, bass singer, born at 
 London, of Italian parents, January 28, 1793. 
 In 1814 he sang at Novara, and afterwards 
 sang in other Italian towns till 1818. He 
 made his debut at the King's Theatre in April, 
 1822, and also appeared at the Ancient Con- 
 certs. He sang in Paris in 1825, and other 
 continental towns. He died at Bologna, in 
 February, 1879. 
 
APPENDIX, 
 
 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 
 
 Albertazzi, Emma, page 5. 
 Died September 25, 1847. 
 
 Correct to — 
 
 Allon, Henry Erskine, page 8. Add — 
 Cantata, " Oak of Geismar " was produced 
 by the Highbury Philharmonic, January 26, 
 1897. After undergoing an operation for 
 abscess, Allon died suddenly at London, April 
 3, 1897, aged 32. 
 
 Alquin, F. C. d', page 9. Should be — 
 Alquen. 
 
 Anne, Susanna Maria, page 13, shoidd 
 be Arne. 
 
 Beale, Thurley, page 36. 
 London, May 5, 1897. 
 
 Add — Died in 
 
 Bennett, Sir W. S., page 42. Correct 
 from line! of notice to — He resided at Leipzig, 
 1836-7, at the suggestion and expense of the 
 fii'm of Broadwood and Sons, in order that he 
 might gain experience, and profit by the 
 influence and companionshix) of Mendelssohn 
 and other great artists. 
 
 Best, W. T., page 44. 
 death— Ma,\ 10, 1897. 
 
 Corfe, John Davis, organist, born at 
 Salisbury, in 1804. Son of Arthur Thomas 
 Corfe. He was for more than half a century 
 organist of Bristol Cathedral, and conductor 
 of the Bristol Madrigal Society for many 
 years. He died at Bristol, January 23, 1876. 
 
 Culwick, James C, p. 111. Add to 
 Works — Overture for orchestra, prize, " Feis 
 Ceoil," Dublin, May, 1897. 
 
 Flower, Sara, contralto, p. 148. The 
 date of birth, February 22, 1805, is that of 
 the Sarah Flower of the preceding paragraph. 
 The singer made her debut, when a young 
 girl, at Drury Lane, January 7, 1843, in an 
 English version of " La Gazza Ladra." She 
 had been a student at the E..A.M. 
 
 Qadsby, H. R., p. 154. Add to Works— 
 Concerto for organ and orchestra, produced, 
 Crystal Palace, January 24, 1874. 
 
 Garrett, Q. M., p. 156. Add—Mtev a 
 long illness, he died at Cambridge in the night 
 of April 8, 1897. 
 
 Add date of McGuckin, Barton, p. 262. After Theatre 
 Royal, add Birmingham. 
 
 Bowling, page 55. Correct year of birth — 
 John Bowling, to 1817. Date of death — 
 J. 0. Bowling, to July 10, 1886. 
 
 Bridge, J. F., page 60. Add — Knighted 
 by Queen Victoria, in June, 1897. Additional 
 Works — " The Flag of England " (Rudyard 
 Kipling), for soprano solo, chorus, and orch- 
 estra, produced. Royal Albert Hall, May 6, 
 1897. 
 
 Buswell, John, page 72. Add — He was 
 
 a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, and died 
 November 14, 1763. 
 
 Mann, Arthur H., p. 269. Add— He 
 was appointed organist to the University of 
 Cambridge, May, 1897, in succession to the 
 late Dr. Garrett. 
 
 Martin, Dr. C.Q., p. 273. Add- 
 by Queen Victoria in 1897. 
 
 -Knighted 
 
 Carr, Frank O., page 79. 
 near Bradford, April 23, 1858. 
 
 Add — Born 
 
 Parry, C. H. H., p. 310. Add to Worlcs— 
 Theme and variations, orchestra, produced 
 Philharmonic Society, June 3, 1879. 
 
 Stanford, Charles V., p. 389. Add— 
 Appointed Conductor of Leeds Philharmonic 
 Society, June, 1897. 
 
 Deebt : 
 
 Feinted by Chadfield & Son, Ltd., "Feiart Woeks. 
 
 1897.