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fcibrar^ of Che Cheolojical ^tminavy 
 
 PRINCETON • NEW JERSEY 
 
 PRESENTED BY 
 
 DelsTan L. Pierson 
 
 BR 1703 .S65 1912 
 
 Speer, Robert E. 1867-1947. 
 
 Men who were found faithful 
 
Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
By ROBERT E. SPEER 
 
 Men Who Were Faund Faithful 
 
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^o i951 
 
 MEN WHO WERE g,,^ 
 FOUND FAITHFUL 
 
 BY 
 
 y 
 
 ROBERT e/sPEER 
 
 Author of 
 
 "Some Great Leaders in the World Movement," "Young Men 
 Who Overcame," *'A Memorial of a True Life," etc. 
 
 New York Chicago Toronto 
 
 Fleming H. Revell Company 
 
 London and Edinburgh 
 
Copyright, 1912, by 
 FLEMING H. REVELL COMPANY 
 
 New York: 158 Fifth Avenue 
 Chicago: 125 N. Wabash Ave. 
 Toronto: 25 Richmond St., W. 
 London: 21 Paternoster Square 
 Edinburgh: 100 Princes Street 
 
PREFACE 
 
 These sketches of real men show that the 
 same Power which worked upon life and char- 
 acter in the first Christian century is at work 
 in the world to-day. The idea that Christ can- 
 not do as much for us now as He used to do 
 for men, and that He is not doing as much now 
 as ever in the history of the world, is a mis- 
 taken idea. In each new generation He does 
 more and better for men, and would do yet 
 more and still better if we met Him with more 
 trustful love. Why should we not so meet 
 Him? 
 
 Of some of those of whom this book speaks 
 there are no fuller biographies, but of others 
 there are biographies which it is a pleasure here 
 to commend to any who would walk more in- 
 timately with these men and women who have 
 walked with God. Among these biographies 
 may be named: 
 
 Mrs. Talbot's '' Samuel Chapman Arm- 
 strong." 
 
 *'The Vision of a Short Life/'— A Memo- 
 rial of Warren Bartlett Seabury. 
 5 
 
6 Preface 
 
 Wright's '' A Life with a Purpose," — A Me- 
 morial of John Lawrence Thurston. 
 Porter's '' Henry Dickinson Smith." 
 Howard's '' The Life Story of H. Clay 
 Trumbull." 
 
 " Therefore let us also, seeing we are com- 
 passed about with so great a cloud of wit- 
 nesses, lay aside every weight, and the sin 
 which doth so easily beset us, and let us run 
 with patience the race that is set before us, 
 looking unto Jesus, the Author and Perfecter 
 of our faith. Who for the joy that was set be- 
 fore Him, endured the cross, despising shame, 
 and hath sat down at the right hand of the 
 throne of God." 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 I. 
 
 II. 
 
 III. 
 
 IV. 
 
 V. 
 
 VI. 
 
 VII. 
 
 VIII. 
 IX. 
 
 Samuel Chapman Armstrong 
 
 Arthur Mann 
 
 Warren Bartlett Seabury 
 
 John Lawrence Thurston . 
 
 Henry Dickinson Smith 
 
 Three Faithful Men of Prayer 
 
 Two Short Great Lives of Fi- 
 delity . . 
 
 Wallace Somerville Faris . 
 
 Peter Carter~**Son of Consola 
 tion" .... 
 
 Arthur Tappan Pierson 
 
 Henry Clay Trumbull 
 
 William Rogers Richards . 
 
 Conclusion .... 
 
 9 
 32 
 38 
 
 59 
 
 72 
 
 90 
 
 lOI 
 
 114 
 
 136 
 145 
 
 171 
 187 
 
SAMUEL CHAPMAN ARMSTRONG 
 
 MANY of the best Americans were not 
 born in America. Sometimes they 
 were born of foreign parents in Hol- 
 land, or Germany, or Scotland, or Ireland. 
 Sometimes their parents were Americans away 
 from home in distant lands, as merchants or 
 servants of the government, or as missionaries, 
 and their children grew up under foreign flags, 
 but with the American spirit strong in their 
 hearts. Samuel Chapman Armstrong was one 
 of these children. His parents were New 
 Englanders who had gone to the Hawaiian 
 Islands as missionaries. There Richard Arm- 
 strong was not only a missionary. At the 
 time of his death, the reigning King, Kame- 
 hameha, wrote of him: 
 
 " Doctor Armstrong has been spoken of as 
 Minister of Public Instruction and subse- 
 quently President of the Board of Education, 
 but we have only partly described the impor- 
 tant offices which he filled. He was a member 
 of the House of Nobles and of the King's 
 
 9 
 
10 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 Privy Council, Secretary of the Board of Trus- 
 tees of Oahu College, Trustee of the Queen's 
 Hospital, executive officer of the Bible and 
 Tract Society, and deeply interested in develop- 
 ing the agricultural resources of the kingdom. 
 No other government officer or missionary 
 was brought into such close intimacy with the 
 nation as a whole." 
 
 The father's energy appeared in even fuller 
 measure in the son. His mother also was a 
 worker. Her great characteristic was to do 
 her work truthfully and well and to seize all 
 opportunities. His boyhood home was stern 
 and upright. 
 
 '' In it," wrote his daughter, '' justice, truth, 
 and respect for duty were thoroughly incul- 
 cated. Both parents had been trained in other 
 households, where right was put before pleas- 
 ure, and both had encountered such stress in 
 life that moral strength appeared to them the 
 greatest need of the growing mind." 
 
 Little Samuel was a blond, slim boy, with 
 long, shaggy hair, full of fun, and overflowing 
 with life. What sort of time he had as a boy 
 he once described: 
 
 " We had one real luxury — that of being 
 barefooted all the year round, wearing shoes 
 on Sunday only, and then under protest. The 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong II 
 
 Sunday morning cleaning-up and dressing was 
 looked forward to with dread, as our sympa- 
 thies were all with the natives, who, in the 
 early days, took off their clothes when it 
 rained, so that a shower as church was closing 
 produced an extraordinary scene. The ma- 
 terial of our usual garments was a blue denim 
 of the cheapest kind, which, to allow for the 
 growth of the wearer, was made with two or 
 three tucks in the trousers legs. These being 
 successively let out after many washings, made 
 a series of humiliating bright blue bands about 
 our ankles. I can remember wearing aprons, 
 which I took every opportunity to discard, al- 
 though I invariably came to grief from so do- 
 ing, as the rod in those days was laid on 
 freely. . . . Father's chief work was preach- 
 ing, and I am sorry to say that, although 
 we always attended the services, the part we 
 took in them was sometimes far from credita- 
 ble. We usually sat with mother, and were 
 kept quiet by frequent gingerbread, but I re- 
 member that once father took us into the pul- 
 pit and was obliged to interrupt his sermon to 
 settle a quarrel between us. But nothing dis- 
 turbed the equanimity of the natives, not even 
 the dog-fights, which were of frequent occur- 
 rence, for they doted on dogs, often bringing 
 them to church in their arms, while the chil- 
 dren toddled on behind. 
 
 " These dogs were a perpetual trial. I have 
 seen deacons with long sticks probing after the 
 wretched curs as they dodged under the seats, 
 the preacher scolding roundly the while, and 
 
12 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 not a smile in the congregation. . . . But the 
 services were interesting. . . . 
 
 " Outside it was like an encampment ; inside 
 it was a sea of dusky faces. On one side was 
 the King's pew, with scarlet hangings; the 
 royal family always distinguishing themselves 
 by coming in very late, with the loudest of 
 squeaking shoes. The more the shoes squeaked 
 the better was the wearer pleased, and often a 
 man, after walking noisily in, would sit down 
 and pass his shoes through the window for his 
 wife to wear in, thus doubling the family glory. 
 Non-musical shoes were hardly salable." 
 
 He never got over the fun of being a boy. 
 Indeed, as his daughter says, and as all who 
 knew him confirm, he was a boy all his life. As 
 a boy he learned that the end of life is duty 
 and service. As a man, he lived by this boy- 
 hood lesson. 
 
 After his father's death he came to the 
 United States by way of Panama, and entered 
 Williams College in i860. A classmate has 
 described what he was like: 
 
 '' There was a quality in him that defied the 
 ordinary English vocabulary. To use the 
 Eastern Tennessee dialect, which alone could 
 do him justice, he was ' plumb survigrous.' 
 . . . His ' plumb survigrousness ' gave him an 
 eternal effervescence; in fact, his body was a 
 kind of catapult for his mind; it was forever 
 projecting his mental force in some direction, 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 13 
 
 so that he was continually carrying on intel- 
 lectual ' high jinks ' — going off into extrava- 
 ganzas, throwing every subject into grotesque 
 light ; as a result, he was never serious, though 
 always earnest. He took to Williams College 
 as to a natural habitat; he lifted up his ' plumb 
 survigrous ' voice and made intellectual pande- 
 monium at the dinner table. 
 
 " He was a trifle above middle height, broad- 
 shouldered, with large, well-poised head, fore- 
 head high and wide, deep-set flashing eyes, a 
 long mane of light-brown hair, his face very 
 brown and sailor-like. He bore his head high 
 and carried about an air of insolent good 
 health. He was unconventional in his notions, 
 Shakesperean in sympathy, and wished to see 
 all sides of life, yet he never formed aftilia- 
 tions with the bad side. If he touched pitch, 
 he got rid of it as soon as he could — pleas- 
 antly if possible, but at all events decidedly; 
 he had a robust habit of will, and laid hold al- 
 ways of the best in his environment. 
 
 " Intellectually he was a leader. Spiritually 
 he was religious, with a deep reverence for 
 his father's life and work. . . . Yet all felt 
 him to be under great terrestrial headway. 
 Sometimes he seemed to have little respect for 
 the spiritual; he shocked people by his levity 
 and irreverence. Yet there was about him at all 
 times a profound reverence of spirit for God, 
 manhood, womanhood, and all sacred realities. 
 Indeed, with him reverence and religion alike 
 were matters not of form, but of inward prin- 
 ciple, whose application he had not yet mas- 
 
14 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 tered. Other men were original in thought; 
 he was original in character; but, above all, 
 there was an immediacy of nature. His great 
 tendency seemed to be to go ahead ; he has, in 
 fact, often reminded me of Harry Wadsworth, 
 the hero of E. E. Hale's ' Ten Times One is 
 Ten.' He was the most strenuous man I ever 
 saw." 
 
 He paid two dollars a week for his board, 
 and he thought his own thoughts and lived his 
 own cheery life. '' There is only one thing 
 that will keep you up at home," he wrote home, 
 *' and that is cheerfulness ; you must secure 
 that at all events; if necessary, fill the house 
 with cats from top to bottom, tie a dog to 
 every lilac, and place monkeys in every tree; 
 at any rate, keep cheerful. There is no use in 
 melancholy, which is dangerous." 
 
 *' In college," he wrote, " I belong to no 
 secret society and must rely on my own merits 
 for getting friends; when one joins a secret 
 society all in it are sworn friends, right or 
 wrong; this is childish." '' I think I have be- 
 come a better Christian than I used to be," 
 he wrote in '6i. " I look forward with joy to 
 a life of doing good." The summer of 1861 
 he spent in a walking-trip in the Adirondacks, 
 but he had poor luck as a sportsman. " It 
 makes me feel riled, sarcastic, cruel, and al- 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 15 
 
 most like crying when I think of those pesky 
 fish. ... At times I felt furious ; occasionally 
 it seemed like a good joke, and now and then 
 I would moralize as my neglected hook lay 
 beneath the glassy waters. Did it indicate 
 that suasion was not my forte? It certainly 
 showed that fishing wasn't, and fishing is only 
 an appeal to the highest faculties of fishes." 
 He had as bad luck with deer. It turned out 
 that he could catch men, however. 
 
 In 1862 he was graduated from Williams, 
 very grateful for all that he had received 
 there, especially through President Mark Hop- 
 kins, in whose home he had lived the last part 
 of his course. As he faced life, his first duty 
 seemed to be to take his part in the great 
 struggle that had begun over slavery. He 
 went to Troy, recruited a company of which 
 he became captain, and set out for the war 
 with the 125th Regiment of New York Volun- 
 teers. He had not been long in the field when 
 he and his regiment and over ten thousand 
 other Federal troops were captured by Stone- 
 wall Jackson at Harper's Ferry and paroled. 
 " We were most civilly treated by the rebels," 
 he wrote, " whom we found to be in truth 
 * bone of our bone and flesh of our flesh ' ; men 
 like ourselves; only the rebels were not nearly 
 as profane as our men — in fact, they used no 
 
i6 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 profane language at all. They shamed us; 
 they fought, they said, not for money, but for 
 their homes, and wanted the war to cease. 
 Our system of munificent bounties and fine 
 clothing diverts us from the principle for 
 which we are contending, and few of us really 
 know what we are fighting for. I felt the 
 want of a clear apprehension of it in the hour 
 of danger." 
 
 The regiment was away two months, and 
 then was returned for further duty, but for 
 some time it took part in no engagement. It 
 tasted battle enough, however, at Gettysburg, 
 where it lost one-fifth of the men. *' This was 
 our first fight — my first," wrote Armstrong, 
 *' a long and great curiosity was satisfied. 
 Men fell dead all around me. The sergeant 
 who stands behind me when in line was killed, 
 and heaps were wounded. In the charge after 
 the rebs I was pleasantly, though, perhaps, 
 dangerously, situated. I did not allow a man 
 to get ahead of me. I felt no fear, though I 
 never forgot that any moment I might fall. 
 The responsibility and the high duty assigned 
 me sustained me, and it was wonderful that 
 my own men didn't shoot me; they were so 
 excited and were behind me. . . . Don't be 
 anxious for me. The God above does all 
 things well. There are more battles to be 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 17 
 
 fought, and I must fight. My sensations in 
 battle are not strange. I feel simply resolved 
 to do my best, to lead my men, and to accept 
 my fate like a man." 
 
 Some time after Gettysburg, he took com- 
 mand as colonel of the Ninth Regiment of 
 United States coloured troops. He threw his 
 whole soul into this new work, and soon got 
 his soldiers into shape. " We expect to beat 
 everything around in everything, and we are in 
 a fair way to do it," he wrote. He had learned 
 in his captaincy of white troops the lesson of 
 responsibility, of the power of unselfish and 
 fearless leadership. He had come to see 
 clearly, too, the principle for which the war 
 was being fought, and he was resolved to make 
 men of his negroes, and he came to see the 
 possibility and duty of the nation's making 
 men of its negroes. He put reality into the 
 song which the coloured soldiers sang : 
 
 " We want no cowards in our band 
 That will their colours fly; 
 We call for valiant-hearted men 
 Who're not afraid to die." 
 
 His men learned to die. And as he taught 
 them this, he began to feel his way to the duty 
 of teaching men to live. 
 
 He left the war with the title of Brigadier- 
 
1 8 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 General, and was sent off with his regiment to 
 Texas. " I find," he wrote from Ringgold 
 Barracks, " that I am not polite and accom- 
 plished. I aim rather to be just and manly, 
 and patiently seek to realize the higher, more 
 heroic qualities. These are a guarantee of 
 success, not what is commonly called so, but 
 of that fulness and completeness in character 
 that gives an inner and calm and rich assur- 
 ance that one is a true man and makes one 
 satisfied, no matter how circumstances may 
 change. This inner strength is the thing, and 
 it is completed, perfected, and made glorious 
 by religion. Thus one, though poor and un- 
 noticed, may be greater, grander, and far more 
 beautiful than anything that is made of the 
 costliest stone. . . . Good people try to do too 
 much to dodge the devil and to build up a wall 
 to keep him out. What does he do? He 
 helps build the wall. Meet him squarely; 
 fight the inner battle of self, and outward 
 forms — moralities — will take care of them- 
 selves." 
 
 In the fall of 1865 he received his discharge 
 from the army. This brought him face to 
 face with the question of his life work. He 
 was now twenty-six years of age. At first 
 he thought of business. "' I expect to begin 
 at the bottom of the ladder," he wrote to his 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 19 
 
 mother, *' and work along. Don't expect to 
 study a profession. I think I shall get into 
 the right place by and by." But his thoughts 
 soon turned toward the great moral struggle 
 of the nation, which was to succeed the phys- 
 ical strife. '' There may be a place for me," 
 he wrote, ** in the struggle for right and wrong 
 in this country. . . . My capabilities are of 
 an executive nature, and I shall seek some 
 chance of usefulness where I can use my tal- 
 ents to the most advantage and for the cause of 
 humanity. 
 
 " My purpose is to serve the Great Master 
 in some way as well as I can; to be of use to 
 my fellow men; to give the life so marvel- 
 lously spared and wonderfully blessed to the 
 Source of all mercy and blessing. I shall prob- 
 ably not enter the ministry; am not made for 
 a preacher. I should rather minister than be 
 a minister." 
 
 He was not afraid of the uncertainty of the 
 future. " There is something in this stand- 
 ing face to face with destiny," he said, '' look- 
 ing into its darkness, that is inspiring; it ap- 
 peals to manhood ; it is thrilling, like going into 
 action." 
 
 He soon found his next work in the newly 
 established Freedmen's Bureau, which was 
 made a department of the Government by Con- 
 
20 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 gress in 1865, and put in charge of General 
 O. O. Howard. The ex-slaves had to be 
 looked after, their relations to their former 
 masters settled, land troubles arranged, hos- 
 pitals, asylums, and schools established. What 
 was to be done with the negro and for him, 
 and how was he to be made into a capable and 
 self-governing man? This was the nation's 
 problem. It became the problem of Arm- 
 strong's life. He offered his services to the 
 Freedmen's Bureau, and was sent into Vir- 
 ginia to take charge of a great company of 
 contraband negroes, and to be superintendent 
 of schools over a large area. He laid hold of 
 his hard task with characteristic energy. 
 '' There is not much peace," he wrote; " work 
 comes on all days of the week, Sunday not 
 excepted. I like it — there is a large field and 
 lots to do. . . . General Howard told me it 
 was the hardest position to fill he had; there 
 is such ill feeling between whites and blacks, 
 so many paupers, so much idleness, and such 
 an enormous population. Shine, ye lucky 
 stars! . . . The work is splendid, and if God 
 leads me as He has done, I shall have nothing 
 to fear — all will be well." 
 
 Hampton was his headquarters, and the 
 more he studied his problem, the more con- 
 vinced he became that there was only one solu- 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 21 
 
 tion. He adjusted the land troubles. " Col- 
 oured squatters by thousands," he wrote, '' and 
 General Lee's disbanded soldiers returning to 
 their families came together in my district 
 on hundreds of ' abandoned ' farms, which 
 the Government had seized and allowed the 
 freedmen to occupy. There was irritation, but 
 both classes were ready to do the fair thing. 
 It was about a two years' task to settle mat- 
 ters by making terms with the landowners, who 
 employed many labourers on their restored 
 homes. Swarms went back to the ' old planta- 
 tion ' on passes, with thirty days' rations. 
 
 " Hardest of all was to settle the ration 
 question; about 2,000 having been fed for 
 years were demoralized and seemed hopeless. 
 Notice was given that in three months, on Oc- 
 tober I, 1866, all rations would be stopped 
 except to those in hospital, for whom full 
 provision was made. Trouble was expected, 
 but there was not a ripple of it, or a com- 
 plaint that day. Their resource was surpris- 
 ing. The negro in a tight place is a genius." 
 
 But the adjustment of the land question dealt 
 with only a superficial aspect of the problem. 
 The negro must be educated. As he said, " The 
 education of the freedmen is the great work 
 of the day; it is their only hope, the only power 
 that can lift them up as a people, and I think 
 
22 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 every encouragement should be given to 
 schools established for their benefit. . . . The 
 North generally thinks that the great thing 
 is to free the negro from his former owners; 
 the real thing is to save him from himself. 
 ' Gumption,' perception, guiding instincts, 
 rather than a capacity to learn, are the ad- 
 vantages of our more favoured race." 
 
 The Freedmen's Bureau did not have a very 
 long life, but Armstrong served it to the last. 
 Before his salary from it ceased in 1872, how- 
 ever, he had begun to lay the foundation of the 
 institute at Hampton which he built up into 
 one of the most famous institutions in Amer- 
 ica, and left as his abiding monument. His 
 idea, as he later expressed it, was this : 
 
 " To train selected negro youths who should 
 go out and teach and lead their people, first 
 by example, by getting land and homes ; to give 
 them not a dollar that they could earn for 
 themselves; to teach respect for labour, to re- 
 place stupid drudgery with skilled hands, and 
 to those ends to build up an industrial system 
 for the sake not only of self-support and in- 
 telligent labour, but also for the sake of char- 
 acter." 
 
 The American Missionary Association pro- 
 vided the first money which, with a gift from 
 the Avery estate, purchased the first ground 
 and buildings. It was a great experiment on 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 23 
 
 which he launched out. " The ground is 
 new," he wrote. " The enterprise is as full of 
 bad possibilities as of good ones ; most embar- 
 rassing conditions will occur from time to 
 time; all is experiment, but all is hopeful. The 
 success of this will be the guarantee of a dozen 
 more like it in the South. I have to face the 
 fact that a manual-labour school never yet suc- 
 ceeded in the North, but the powers of prayer 
 and faith are strong — in these we will con- 
 quer. 
 
 " I am in the midst of the battle now. 
 Worked very hard. Just about to open. Ap- 
 plicants are coming forward encouragingly. 
 Truly the pillar of cloud is before us. Every 
 serious difficulty seems to be removed. What 
 can resist the pressure of steady, energetic 
 pressure, the force of a single right idea pushed 
 month after month in its natural development? 
 If I succeed, it will be because of carefully se- 
 lecting a thing to do and the doing of it. Few 
 men comprehend the deep philosophy of one- 
 man power. As a soldier, I would always 
 fight on the principle of all great warriors, 
 * concentration and celerity.' As an educator, 
 as anything, I would apply that same always 
 sound principle, adding to it with reference to 
 enemies or any other obstacle, * Divide and be 
 conquered.' " 
 
24 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 But though the problem was hard and the 
 solution difficult, success was certain with such 
 a moral engine as Armstrong back of it. '' The 
 great thing," he said, " is to be right and 
 true. The second thing is to be transparent." 
 And he was this. At first he took no salary. 
 " Some of my friends don't like this," he said, 
 " but they little know the way of successful 
 leadership. The rebel officers fought without 
 pay, and why should not I in a ten times bet- 
 ter cause? I have so far had everything 
 needed for personal comfort, yes, a jolly good 
 time on the whole, with an occasional grind 
 and sometimes an impecunious sensation." 
 
 He visited Boston and the North, but there 
 came no waverings now as to his duty. He 
 hungered for hard work. " I have been over 
 the ' Athens,' " he wrote from Boston, " but 
 wouldn't live here for anything. I am glad 
 I'm on the outposts doing frontier duty and 
 pioneer work, for the South is a heathen land, 
 and Hampton is on the borders thereof. I 
 see my whole nature calls me to the work that 
 is done there — to lay foundations strong, and 
 not do frescoes and fancy work." 
 
 His great object was to erect an institution 
 which would make men and women, creating 
 character in them, and thus show the way the 
 negro problem could be coped with all over 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 25 
 
 the land. The education provided must be 
 suited to the student, to the life he came from, 
 and the life he was going to. The " heart of 
 all his work," says his daughter, " was the ar- 
 rangement of an effective, practical routine of 
 hand and head work, the preservation of such 
 an atmosphere of energy and devotion that no 
 student could fail to be impressed by it." 
 
 " There is little mischief done," said Gen- 
 eral Armstrong, " where there is no time for 
 it; activity is a purifier." He was alive with 
 such sayings as these: " There is no place for 
 the lazy man in this world or the next." " Hu- 
 man, therefore imperfect; human, therefore 
 capable of improvement." " If we were not 
 working for 200 years, then this [the failure 
 of a promising pupil] might be discouraging." 
 " Laughter makes sport of work." '' Many 
 people are good, but good for nothing; work- 
 ing together is as important as working at all." 
 " Doing w^hat can't be done is the glory of liv- 
 ing." This was the spirit of his own life 
 through and through. " Hopeless ones," he 
 declared, " are only grave-diggers for them- 
 selves and the rest." He once sprang up at a 
 meeting at Lake Mohonk, New York, when 
 an objection was made that a certain course 
 approved by him was " impossible." " What 
 are Christians put into the world for but to 
 
26 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 do the impossible in the strength of God? " he 
 exclaimed. This sentiment he commonly ex- 
 pressed in the following story — for feeling 
 and fun played twin parts in his conversation : 
 
 " Once there was a woodchuck. . . . Now, 
 woodchucks can't climb trees. Well, this 
 woodchuck was chafed by a dog and came to 
 a tree. He knew that if he could get up this 
 tree the dog could not catch him. Now, 
 woodchucks can't climb trees, but he had to, 
 so he did." 
 
 It was the impossible which he had to do. 
 The only way to get money for his work was 
 to come North after it, and to go about seeking 
 it. He had to contend against ignorance and 
 indifference. " It is fearful," he wrote, '' to 
 throw one's self against the popular current, 
 and it is the most exhausting thing I ever 
 tried." 
 
 The old abolition spirit was satisfied with 
 the destruction of slavery. The very night of 
 the first public meeting in New England in be- 
 half of his work, all that was left of the old 
 Abolition Society met to lay down its arms 
 and give up its organization, resolved that 
 nothing remained for it to do. " It failed to 
 see," as General Armstrong says, " that every- 
 thing remained. Their work was just begin- 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 27 
 
 ning when slavery was abolished." But he 
 was bound to succeed, whatever he had to over- 
 come. His letters from year to year show the 
 struggle and the confidence of victory. '' I 
 was forced to get money to pay the pressing 
 way of the school or let it go to the wall, and at 
 it I went with all my might and haven't had 
 a day's rest for two months. It is hard — this 
 begging; it takes all one's nervous and phys- 
 ical strength, even when people are kind and 
 polite, as they generally are. . . . Am rushing 
 about all the time, and necessity is after me 
 sharp. . . . Am going to drive things while 
 there's any life in me. I am well and think I 
 can stand it; success is the best medicine and 
 will cure me. . . . This is a rough and ter- 
 rible fight with difficulties, but I think I'm on 
 top. . . The stake of my destiny is planted 
 here, and I have never regretted it ; this is part 
 of the war on a higher plane, and with spiritual 
 weapons; it will not soon end, and success is 
 yet to be won. I cannot understand the pre- 
 vailing views of the war among pious and in- 
 telligent Americans. It is simply barbaric — 
 to whip the South and go home rejoicing; to 
 build monuments of victory, leaving one-third 
 of their countrymen in the depths of distress. 
 The case is chiefly moral, and the duty sits 
 very lightly on the general conscience." 
 
28 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 i 
 
 From 1878 to 1890 eighteen buildings cost- ] 
 
 ing $423,400 were erected, more land was j 
 
 bought, the number of students grew from 300 j 
 
 to 678, and from $50,000 to $80,000 annually \ 
 
 had to be raised for the support of the School. 
 
 It was hard work, but it had to be done. As j 
 
 he said, *' Once there was an old darky who 
 
 could not be dissuaded from hunting in an I 
 
 empty 'possum hole. ' Ain't no 'possum in j 
 
 dat hole? Dey's just got to be, 'cause dey's 1 
 
 nuffin' in de house fer supper ! ' " So he went 
 
 at his task, rejoicing in the hardness of it. j 
 
 *' God's hand," he declared, " points to a j 
 
 steep and craggy height — it must be climbed — ; 
 
 I will climb it." ..." I have had a taste of I 
 
 blood," he said; " that is, I have had the taste \ 
 of life and work — cannot live without the ' \ 
 
 arena. I must be in it. Despair shakes his : 
 
 skinny hands and glares his hideous eyes on i 
 
 me to little purpose. I feel happy when all ■ 
 
 my powers of resistance are taxed." i 
 
 ■J 
 
 From 1878 on, Indian students were taught 
 
 with the negro students at Hampton. " The i 
 
 Indians," he said, " are grown-up children. 1 
 
 We are a thousand years ahead of them in the [ 
 
 i 
 
 line of development. Education is not prog- 
 ress, but is a means of it. A brain full of j 
 book knowledge, whose physical basis is the i 
 product of centuries of barbarism, is an ab- . 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 29 
 
 surdity that we do not half realize, from our 
 excessive traditional reverence for school and 
 college training. We forget that knowledge 
 is not power unless it is digested and assim- 
 ilated. Savages have good memories ; they ac- 
 quire, but do not comprehend; they devour, 
 but do not digest knowledge. They have no 
 conception of mental discipline. A well-bal- 
 anced mind is attained only after centuries of 
 development." 
 
 He believed the negro, trained to labour, was 
 stronger than the Indian, and that their educa- 
 tion together, while novel, would be better for 
 each. Later he felt that the Indian problem 
 could be handled best on the reservations, al- 
 though there would be a few young men and 
 women who could wisely be brought East. His 
 interest in the negro extended to all the needy 
 races. 
 
 So the virile, tireless life was lived out. The 
 end came in 1893, after a good struggle such 
 as he had ever made against whatever opposed 
 his work. While delivering a speech in Mas- 
 sachusetts in 1 89 1, he was stricken with 
 paralysis. He determined to get well, how- 
 ever, and was moved back to Hampton, where, 
 wheeled about in a chair, he went on with his 
 work, but the day the fleets of all nations, 
 which had met at Old Point Comfort prepara- 
 
30 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 tory to the Naval Review in New York Har- 
 bor in 1893, sailed for New York, he was 
 stricken again, and on May nth, saying sim- 
 ply, " My work is done, I must go," went out, 
 as the ships had gone, to the haven where 
 he would be. " I wish to be buried," he had 
 written in some memoranda found among his 
 private papers, " in the school graveyard, 
 among the students, where one of them would 
 have been put had he died next. 
 
 " I wish no monument or fuss whatever over 
 my grave ; only a simple headstone, no text or 
 sentiment inscribed, only my name and date. 
 I wish the simplest funeral service, without 
 sermon or attempt at oratory — a soldier's 
 funeral. 
 
 *' I hope that there will be enough friends to 
 see that the work of the school shall continue. 
 Unless some shall make sacrifice for it, it can- 
 not go on. 
 
 " A work that requires no sacrifice does not 
 count for much in fulfilling God's plans. But 
 what is commonly called sacrifice is the best, 
 happiest use of one's self and one's resources 
 — ^the best investment of time, strength, and 
 means. He who makes no such sacrifice is 
 most to be pitied. He is a heathen, because he 
 knows nothing of God." 
 
 Samuel Armstrong knew God. He was ac- 
 
Samuel Chapman Armstrong 31 
 
 customed to spend a tenth of his busiest days 
 in prayer. He conceived life to be a simple 
 service of God in the consciousness of His 
 presence. '' The longer I live," he once wrote, 
 " the less I think and fear about what the 
 world calls success; the more I tremble for 
 true success, for the perfection and beauty of 
 the inner life, for the purity and sanctity of 
 the soul, which is as a temple. As I grow 
 older I feel the need of getting at the root of 
 the matter — of being sure of the nearness of 
 God, of being free from all the mistiness and 
 doubts and of throwing the increasing cares 
 of life on Him." 
 
 To the very roots of life he came. And he 
 came to them early, not late. Therefore, while 
 he lived, he lived; and when the end came it 
 was a life, a strong, full life that ended — and 
 began. 
 
II 
 
 ARTHUR MANN 
 
 A CLEAN, true life, lived for Christ and 
 for men, and a courageous death — 
 what more could any man ask? The 
 number of years of existence is of small con- 
 sequence, if one fills such years as he has with 
 duty. 
 
 Arthur Mann was born in Buffalo in 1879, 
 in a useful and influential home. His father 
 is one of the leading physicians not only of 
 Buffalo, but of the country, and was one of 
 those in charge of President McKinley's case 
 during his last illness, after his assassination. 
 Arthur grew up in Buffalo, receiving his early 
 education at the Heathcote School. From 
 early boyhood he was interested in the life and 
 work of St. Paul's Episcopal Church in Buf- 
 falo. When years afterwards the rector was 
 told the tidings of Arthur's death in China, he 
 replied : 
 
 " He was a young man of unblemished rep- 
 utation. He was an active worker in our 
 
 32 
 
Arthur Mann 33 
 
 church, a man of high ideals, who thought 
 most of all how he might hest serve God and 
 his fellow-men. A splendid career was open 
 to him in America, yet he chose to go to China, 
 for he saw that there was the greater need. 
 We felt when he went there that the church 
 was sending its best to that field." 
 
 In 1895 he entered Yale University, where 
 he made a fine record, and was graduated in 
 1899 with high honors, winning the university 
 prize for the best poem. After being gradu- 
 ated from Yale he entered the General Theo- 
 logical Seminary in New York to prepare for 
 the ministry. While a student there he heard 
 Bishop Graves make an appeal to the students 
 for volunteers for the China mission. He de- 
 termined to offer himself. After being gradu- 
 ated in 1902, with the degree of B.D., he was 
 anxious to start for the foreign field imme- 
 diately, but was unable to do this, as the Bishop 
 of Western New York desired him to spend 
 his diaconate in work in the diocese where he 
 had been a candidate. 
 
 After his year's work in connection with St. 
 Paul's Church, Buffalo, New York, where he 
 was in charge of a successful mission and made 
 many friends, he was free to take up the work 
 to which he had dedicated himself. He sailed, 
 accordingly, for China, to take up work in St. 
 
34 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 John's College at Shanghai, of which F. L. 
 Hawks Pott, D.D., is president. Dr. Pott 
 says: 
 
 " Arriving in Shanghai the latter part of 
 January, 1904, he entered into his new life 
 with the greatest enthusiasm and zeal, and 
 soon proved himself an invaluable helper. 
 Having marked linguistic ability, he made 
 good progress with the Chinese language, and 
 laid the foundation of an accurate scholarship. 
 He soon won the confidence of the students at 
 the college by the faithful and painstaking 
 work done in the classroom and by entering 
 into all their interests. He encouraged them 
 to come to him with all their difficulties, and 
 frequently one would find them in his rooms 
 talking with him, and getting his advice and 
 help. He never begrudged his time to any one 
 who wished to see him. 
 
 " A large part of the athletic successes of 
 the students was due to the time he spent 
 in training the young men, and in developing 
 enthusiasm for manly sport. Whenever delin- 
 quent students had to be dealt with at the meet- 
 ings of the faculty, one could count upon 
 Arthur Mann's taking the most charitable view 
 of the case, and putting in the plea for the 
 greatest leniency possible. 
 
 " In order to make more rapid progress with 
 the language, for a time he left the college 
 compound and went off and lived by himself 
 in a Chinese village, where he could hear no 
 English spoken and where he had to depend 
 
Arthur Mann 35 
 
 entirely on his Chinese associates for social 
 intercourse. Owing to a vacancy in the 
 faculty, caused by the retirement of one of 
 the professors, we were soon obliged to call 
 him back to the college to take up again the 
 work of teaching. 
 
 '' In the religious life of the college, as his 
 knowledge of Chinese increased, he was be- 
 ginning to take a greater part. He was able 
 to read the services and to preach in Chinese, 
 but his strongest influence was exerted in his 
 personal dealings with the young men. In 
 the theological department especially he was 
 most stimulating to his students. He put be- 
 fore them the highest ideals, both in regard to 
 the Christian character and the work of the 
 minister of Christ. I think one of the great- 
 est compliments ever uttered in regard to him 
 was that of one of his Chinese associates, who 
 said, ' The Professor Mann, he has absolutely 
 no bad traits of character.' Many of the 
 young men have told me how much they owe 
 to him, because he first taught them to think 
 for themselves and to see clearly what was 
 necessary to make their country strong and 
 prosperous." 
 
 " I am here for work," was his principle, as 
 he wrote in a letter, '' and I am going to make 
 that tell." 
 
 While busy in his work he was still always 
 studying and preparing for better work and 
 putting his mind to side emplo3mients which 
 
36 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 were worth while in themselves and which 
 made it a better mind. About a year before 
 his death he wrote a romantic tragedy in five 
 acts entitled " Prince Ivo." The book was 
 very favourably reviewed by the papers. The 
 keynote of the drama is the sacrifice that a 
 man will make for his friend. It glorifies 
 friendship even to the height of complete self- 
 sacrifice. In the drama friend dies with friend. 
 It was just so that Arthur Mann died. He 
 was spending his vacation in China at Kuling 
 in the mountains near Kiukiang, expecting to 
 return to Shanghai for the month of August 
 in order that others might go away. It was 
 about the end of his vacation when he and 
 three friends, Seabury, Hume, and Gage, who 
 were all Yale men and teaching in the Yale 
 school at Changsha, China, and a fourth 
 friend, Kemp, who was teaching at Boone 
 College, Wuchang, started of¥ one rainy day 
 for a tramp to an ancient Chinese institution, 
 '' The White Deer College," founded .in the 
 ninth century, about ten miles from Kuling. 
 On the way they talked about books and the 
 truth they were all seeking to serve, and 
 reached the college about noon. Arthur 
 Mann's knowledge of Chinese helped to open 
 the treasures of the old place, and, after an 
 interesting visit, they started home. 
 
Arthur Mann 37 
 
 On the way home they decided to go in 
 swimming in a pool in a mountain stream 
 which they had to cross. Above this pool was 
 another, deeper and with smooth, rocky walls 
 about it, and above this a great, flat rock over 
 which the stream dropped in a cascade. The 
 road ran across this rock beside the stream. 
 The rock was very slippery from the rain, and 
 Seabury, who could not swim much and who 
 evidently purposed simply taking a bath in the 
 stream above the cascade, lost his footing on it 
 and shot over the cascade into the deep pool 
 with the precipitous sides. Mann at once went 
 into the stream, swollen by the rain, below the 
 pool and tried to swim up into it to rescue 
 Seabury. At last he succeeded, but only to 
 be himself carried around by the fierce cur- 
 rent and drawn under, losing his own life in 
 his vain effort to save his friend's. 
 
 " If he had lived," said Dr. Pott, " he would 
 undoubtedly have become one of the most in- 
 fluential men in China. All who were asso- 
 ciated with him, both teachers and pupils alike, 
 felt his power, and will cherish the memory of 
 his example as one of their most priceless pos- 
 sessions. In his noble act of sacrifice in the 
 attempt to save the life of his friend, he mani- 
 fested that he had entered into the comprehen- 
 sion of the love that is stronger than death." 
 
Ill 
 
 WARREN BARTLETT SEABURY 
 
 WARREN BARTLETT SEABURY 
 was born in Lowell, September 17, 
 1877, ^^ th^ fi^^h generation from 
 Ivory Hovey, an early Christian minister in 
 Massachusetts, who had as a boy a strange 
 adventure with a robber in which, without ever 
 stopping to consider the ethical questions in- 
 volved, young Ivory came off '' first best." 
 One spring morning, as the story is told, 
 
 " about the year 1729, a boy, then in his early 
 teens, was riding horseback from Ipswich to 
 Topsfield, Massachusetts, carrying nails in his 
 saddlebags for use in building his father's barn. 
 Suddenly he was confronted by a highway- 
 man who, hearing the jingling of the nails 
 and thinking they were silver dollars, ordered 
 him to halt. The quick wit of this country 
 lad caught his crafty intent, and with a swift 
 swing of his right arm he hurled his saddle- 
 bags over a stone wall, nails and all. The rob- 
 ber, instantly dismounting, sprang for his 
 booty, while the boy, seeing that the thief had 
 
 38 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 39 
 
 a better horse than he, mounted the fleeter 
 animal and made a bold dash for the Topsfield 
 farm. The sequel of this exciting adventure 
 marks a crisis in his life. In the highwayman's 
 saddlebags this boy, Ivory Hovey by name, 
 found a goodly sum of money, with which he 
 was enabled to carry out a long cherished am- 
 bition for an education. He entered Harvard 
 College in 1731, graduating with honour in 
 1735, a college mate of Samuel Phillips, father 
 of the projector and principal founder of 
 Phillips Andover Academy and ancestor of 
 Phillips Brooks; classmate of John Phillips, 
 founder of Phillips Exeter Academy." 
 
 From this old colonial stock Warren Sea- 
 bury was descended. His first complete sen- 
 tence as a boy was '* I see," and his short life 
 was a life of seeing. As Mr. Stokes, the sec- 
 retary of Yale University, said at the Memo- 
 rial Service after Warren's death : 
 
 " Warren Seabury was a man of vision. 
 When a youth he had the vision to see that 
 the world and everybody in it needed the 
 religion of Jesus Christ. He had the vision to 
 realize especially what Christianity could do 
 for China. He had the vision to see a small 
 collegiate school developing there into a uni- 
 versity, conducted by men who had had the 
 experience of Yale life and w^ork. He had the 
 vision to see w^hat such an institution could 
 do in the building up of China. He saw how 
 
40 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 his talents, such as they were, could be sac- 
 rificed to that service. Warren Seabury left 
 Yale with a vision which was doubtless nur- 
 tured early in the home life." 
 
 While Warren was still a boy an intelligent 
 Chinese who was accustomed to call at his 
 home in Lowell remarked on one of his calls, 
 " Warren, some day you will go to China and 
 teach my countrymen about Jesus Christ." 
 
 He was a natural, faithful boy. Like many 
 other children he tried his hand at preaching 
 and one Sabbath gathered his family together 
 and in the blessed unself-consciousness of 
 childhood gave them a sermon on his own 
 account on the text " God is love." He early 
 showed a fondness for mechanics, bought a 
 lathe with money he had earned, and did good 
 work on it, and also put up a telephone be- 
 tween his room and that of a boy friend. His 
 great game always was baseball. He spent six 
 years at the Ames Grammar School. Mr. J. 
 H. Burdett, the principal, writes : 
 
 " Warren was rather reserved, friendly to 
 all, as is becoming in the democracy of a pub- 
 lic school. I well remember his uniform bear- 
 ing of modest self-respect and courtesy. He 
 was instinctively a gentleman. I try to recall 
 him as he appeared to me sixteen years ago, 
 and not allow my picture of him to be clouded 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 41 
 
 by my knowledge of his devotion to high ideals 
 and Christian heroism so conspicuous in his 
 manhood." 
 
 He was a careful, deliberate boy and waited 
 to join the church until the age of eighteen, 
 when he had settled the question of his life 
 work too and had resolved to be a minister. 
 And into the fulfilment of his resolution he car- 
 ried the qualities which, as an original boyish 
 design which he drew to express his loyalty to 
 his mother indicated, were the moral ideals 
 he revered. On the right of the design was 
 a sword, on the left bow and arrow, in the 
 centre a cross, heavily pencilled, against which 
 stood out the words he wished her especially 
 to mark : " Obedience. Honour. Chivalry. 
 Love!' 
 
 From the High School in Dedham Warren 
 went away from home to the Hotchkiss School 
 at Lakeville, Connecticut, then under the head- 
 mastership of Edward G. Coy, the former 
 Greek master at Phillips Academy, Andover, 
 a teacher of wonderful ability and a Christian 
 personality of unusual power and simplicity. 
 An accident to Warren's knee and the con- 
 sequent disapproval by his parents of his par- 
 ticipation in rough sport kept him from play- 
 ing football, but baseball he deemed the finest 
 of all games and revelled in it. At Hotchkiss 
 
42 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 his religious character and experience unfolded 
 in earnest naturalness. He referred to these 
 things seldom in his home letters, but he did 
 refer to them in just the ways that were gen- 
 uine and right. 
 
 " I have been thinking of my own Christian 
 life," he wrote. '' I believe it will strengthen 
 my faith and be advantageous to me in every 
 way to do active work for Christ. I have a 
 feeling that such work will help me to be a 
 better Christian and to come into sympathy 
 with Him. I must make my college life, now 
 so near at hand, doubly profitable., once for 
 the home friends and once for myself." 
 
 " I have made several good resolves of late,'* 
 he wrote again, " but I think it is better not 
 to speak of them, but to show what they are 
 by their results." He had the natural dis- 
 heartenings and questionings of all honest 
 souls. 
 
 '* I am almost discouraged'' he wrote, " and 
 yet I cannot explain it. I feel doubtful about 
 religion. I don't know what to do. I must 
 remember that religion is not emotion. I al- 
 most feel that in what I have been writing 
 there were things which I could not have fully 
 realized or things in which I was deceived. 
 Don't mind what I say. I shall be all right 
 soon. At any rate it will do me good to get 
 home once more. I hope to get into college 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 43 
 
 without a condition, but am afraid of being 
 over-confident." 
 
 He was always underestimating his own 
 ability, and he passed all his examinations for 
 admission to Yale without conditions, and en- 
 tered the university in the autumn of 1896. 
 
 For two years the handicap of his injured 
 knee had kept him from athletics, but at Yale 
 he was able to come back to the track. 
 
 " I have been running nearly all the fall," 
 he writes, *' in preparation for the autumn 
 contests. They took place yesterday and I 
 am the happy possessor of two shining cups, 
 one for second in the one-hundred-yard dash 
 and one for first in the two-twenty. It was 
 a source of genuine satisfaction to me, but 
 I had to run all the way. As a result I was 
 given a big dinner at the best restaurant in 
 the city." 
 
 Writing later on the same subject, he says : 
 
 " The class games took place yesterday. I 
 was not successful. It is a sort of belief of 
 mine that there is a law of compensation 
 among men; that if one cannot excel in one 
 direction, he can in another. It only remains 
 for him to find out what that direction is." 
 
 Warren was not prevented from finding 
 what the direction was for him. Writing of 
 
44 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 the Sunday services in Battell Chapel he speaks 
 of deep impressions made on him, and adds, 
 " I am praying for guidance and the soul to 
 follow God closely in my life's work/' His 
 life at Yale fell at a time of special religious 
 interest in the university. Special evangelistic 
 services conducted by Mr. Moody, Dr. George 
 Adam Smith, and Mr. Mott deeply influenced 
 the university and at the same time a tide of 
 missionary interest was flowing through all 
 the classes. As a result, at the Northfield Stu- 
 dent Conference in the summer after his 
 Junior year, he made a definite decision, and 
 on returning home " he beckoned to his mother 
 and father to come into a room by themselves, 
 and there he told the story in a single sentence : 
 ' I have made up my mind to be a mission- 
 ary.' " He was naturally conservative and 
 cautious and he would not act hastily. On 
 returning to college he wrote: 
 
 " I want to consider with you the question 
 of signing the Volunteer Card. H I decide to 
 sign, I want to do it before I graduate, both 
 for my own good and for the good of those 
 about me. This is my last year, and oh! the 
 thoughts that come when I reflect upon that 
 fact! I will not let this fire go out if, by 
 God's grace, it is possible to keep it burning." 
 
 And again a little later : 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 45 
 
 " During this Senior year I am trying to 
 live. There is so much that I have not done, 
 the danger is I will not do it in this my last 
 chance. The fact is I don't know just where 
 to begin." 
 
 At last, after long consideration, on March 
 I, 1900, he wrote: 
 
 " I signed the Volunteer Card yesterday. 
 You know this is no sudden decision of mine. 
 I have been thinking of it for a long time. 
 Of late special influence has been brought to 
 bear upon me through my friend, Brewer 
 Eddy, and others. I have looked at the matter 
 from every side, and while I do not claim to 
 appreciate this step fully, I feel I have been 
 divinely guided and do not fear self-accusation 
 for over-hastiness. I am weak, but pray for 
 increasing strength every day. I. II. N." 
 
 In April he attended the Ecumenical Mis- 
 sionary Conference in New York City. 
 
 " I am glad I attended," he wrote. " I was 
 impressed with the fact that there is a great 
 host of missionaries in the field; that the mis- 
 sionary enterprise is a mighty one, supported 
 by the best element in the churches; that the 
 missionary's calling is one of the greatest dig- 
 nity, perhaps the nearest fulfilment of Christ's 
 will on earth. One remark made near the end 
 of the meeting is well worth remembering: 
 * The close of the Ecumenical Conference is 
 
46 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 the beginning of the Ecumenical conquest.' 
 The meetings as a whole were a great inspira- 
 tion. I hope now to go on from strength 
 to strength, without the interruption caused 
 by lack of conviction, hesitancy, and other 
 petty things that have foolishly hindered my 
 growth." 
 
 And a little later he wrote of how the whole 
 matter appeared to him: 
 
 '' It seems to me that if God is at one end 
 of this chain of fact, the need of man is at 
 the other, and if I can be one to fill the need, 
 that is one reason for my going. I tried to 
 examine every foot of ground. I said, ' If 
 God is not running any risk in this course, 
 I am running none.' Medicine I do not care 
 for; law seems less and less attractive as time 
 goes on; journalism is not mine. On the 
 ground of common sens^ my life seems to be 
 directed towards serving Christ actively. If 
 a minister, why not a missionary ? So you see 
 how practically I have gone into this matter. 
 I do not feel that all is yet done. I lack deep 
 faith, confident hope, Christian joy. If I ever 
 needed your prayers it is now. I am face to 
 face with the future; I must press on." 
 
 In 1900 he pressed on from Yale into his 
 special preparation for his missionary calling. 
 But the testimony of his roommate shows that 
 he had been already preparing for it: 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 4^ 
 
 " As a friend and comrade he was ideal, 
 loyal to the core, and dependable under all 
 circumstances. Roommates for three years as 
 we were, I do not recall the slightest act on 
 his part which was unworthy of the highest 
 traditions of the Christian gentleman. 
 
 " As a student, while far removed from the 
 * grind,' Warren was careful, painstaking, and 
 thoroughly conscientious. He viewed his col- 
 lege studies as a preparation for usefulness 
 in his after life, and possessed the quality of 
 assimilating knowledge and making it a part 
 of himself. It was natural that a man who 
 threw himself with his whole soul into as 
 great a variety of activities as Warren did, 
 should attain a genuine popularity. His moral 
 force and sound, practical wisdom soon made 
 him a valued counsellor for many men who 
 prized his friendship. 
 
 " The forcefulness of the man was illus- 
 trated in the way he announced to me his 
 decision regarding his life's work. Although 
 I knew he was deeply interested in the Student 
 Volunteer Movement, I had no idea he con- 
 templated going to China until he quietly told 
 me one evening as we were sitting in our 
 room. What most impressed me was his utter 
 unselfishness. The only matter worthy of con- 
 sideration appeared to him to be where his 
 life would count the most for God and man. 
 
 "Warren's life was a life with a vision. 
 During his college course those near him per- 
 ceived that he was living in that atmosphere 
 of souls where visions may be seen. 
 
48 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 *' ' Who shall ascend into the hill of the 
 Lord; or who shall rise up in His holy place? 
 Even he that hath clean hands and a pure 
 heart.' " 
 
 His special theological preparation for his 
 work consisted of three years at Hartford 
 Theological Seminary and an added year of 
 post-graduate work at Yale, studying philos- 
 ophy and comparative religion. 
 
 " From the time he crossed the threshold of 
 Hosmer Hall/' writes one of the professors 
 at Hartford, " he was a power, not only with 
 his classmates, but with all those who made 
 up the common fraternity of the student life. 
 If it was athletics he was at its enthusiastic 
 front; if it was the social life he was its 
 natural gathering point; if it was study he 
 gave others to see what was the honest, faith- 
 ful spirit; if it w^as missions he stood for all 
 the work of an interested learner and a de- 
 voted doer of all that missions offered to be 
 done." 
 
 And President Mackenzie writes of him : 
 
 " He stands out from the crowd of students 
 whom I picture as I recall them, for the sweet- 
 ness and strength of his character. He seemed 
 to be a man of singularly pure mind, of deep 
 earnestness, of quiet dignity in his bearing. 
 While his Christian zeal was apparent to every 
 one, it was combined with a very hearty and 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 49 
 
 happy manner. He took an interest in the 
 sports of his fellows, and was a leader in their 
 baseball games. He looked forward to his 
 life-work with intense delight, prepared for 
 it with great diligence, entered upon it with 
 high hopes. We must trust that the active 
 life so soon cut short here was called away 
 to some form of service in another sphere." 
 
 The Seminary offered to him the opportu- 
 nity of studying methods of missionary instruc- 
 tion in England, Scotland, and Germany, and, 
 on his return, of lecturing on the subject be- 
 fore the students. But he chose to return to 
 New Haven for the completion of his prepa- 
 ration to go out to the foreign field. 
 
 Another idea also was working in his mind. 
 With two other Yale men he conceived the 
 idea of a mission of the university in some 
 foreign mission field to be manned and sup- 
 ported by Yale men. His first thought, in 
 consequence of having just read " Pilkington 
 of Uganda," was of Africa, but the Boxer 
 uprising in China and Pitkin's martyr death 
 drew the thought of the little group to China. 
 Seabury himself wrote down briefly the gen- 
 esis of the idea: 
 
 " Under the inspiration of the great Ecu- 
 menical Conference in New York in the spring 
 of 1900, the original project regarding a Yale 
 
50 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 Foreign Mission became articulate. The en- 
 thusiasm for missions which throbbed in those 
 great gatherings in Carnegie Hall did not 
 suppress the enthusiasm which we as Yale 
 men felt for our own college. Surely two 
 such mighty forces would unite. If the great 
 burden of the Church were missions, if the 
 educated and enlightened people of Christen- 
 dom were, under God, moving in invincible 
 ranks against the forces of evil, surely the 
 college of our choice would not do better than 
 add its strength to the strong. 
 
 '^ And then we, who were planning to spend 
 our lives in foreign service, felt that we could 
 be more efficient having the inspiration of men 
 at our side, not only stirred by the same great 
 purpose, but with the interests common to 
 young men, to college men, yes, to Yale men. 
 It was our conviction that our lives would 
 be stronger with the Yale spirit on the field 
 and the old college behind us. 
 
 " This was all very well, but it was not so 
 easy to plan the details of support and man- 
 agement. In fact, the constitution, as it now 
 stands, shows but slight resemblance to its 
 rude forerunner of two years ago. For after 
 repeated consultations two or three of us were 
 firmly convinced that the plan was practica- 
 ble. The back room at the Graduates' Club 
 witnessed some earnest attempts to collect 
 arguments, arrange them in logical order, and 
 present them with the most telling effect for 
 our expected interviews with men of experi- 
 ence. Our own growing confidence was 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 51 
 
 greatly increased by talking with Mr. Beach, 
 Dr. Barton, Dr. Capen, Mr. Stokes, Mr. Rob- 
 erts, besides many in closest sympathy with 
 the college and with deepest faith in her sup- 
 port. 
 
 " And so, as wiser heads than ours have 
 taken the plan as we outlined it in general 
 and have developed it, as we could not have 
 done, we are content to stand by and see the 
 college we love take a hand in the great cause 
 that we love and wait until we are wanted." 
 
 The university welcomed and went forward 
 with the idea in characteristic fashion, with 
 steadfastness, careful deliberation, and reso- 
 lute action. The first missionary was Law- 
 rence Thurston, appointed June 6, 1902, who 
 spent a little over a year in China, and was 
 chiefly instrumental in fixing the location and 
 character of the Mission, as an educational 
 enterprise at Changsha. Brownell Gage, now 
 the senior member of the Mission, was ap- 
 pointed next, and Seabury was the third ap- 
 pointee, on November 3, 1902. *' From the 
 day Warren received his appointment," his 
 father writes, " he gave himself to the busi- 
 ness of personal preparation for his work. 
 First came the further discipline of his mind 
 in philosophical thinking, in ethics, and philol- 
 ogy. He made no specific study of the Chi- 
 nese language, believing that should be ac- 
 
52 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 quired on the field itself. He bent his energies 
 to the fullest understanding of China's prob- 
 lems, especially her problem of education. 
 Henceforth he was to be a citizen of China, 
 which was to him more than a vast aggrega- 
 tion of souls, or a stupendous geographical 
 area in Eastern Asia. China lived in him 
 as a synonym of personal reality and man- 
 hood." 
 
 He left home in September, 1904. " It is 
 somewhat hard to say * good-bye,' " he wrote 
 to a member of the Yale Committee, " but a 
 man must play the game, and I expect the 
 best of good things for all those who do their 
 duty as they see it." And he left home with 
 no complaints or lamentations but with good 
 cheer. Two days after leaving, on his twenty- 
 seventh birthday, he wrote home, '' All's well 
 and I am happy! Too beautiful to be sad!" 
 
 At Shanghai Warren visited St. John's Col- 
 lege and met Arthur Mann, who three years 
 later was to die with him and for him, 
 and then went on up the Yangtse River to 
 Hankow, where he spent the winter at work 
 on the language. It was hard work. He 
 wrote to Professor Reed : 
 
 " It sometimes becomes tiring to grub away 
 at this interminable language, but I am glad 
 you expect so much of us. It will keep us 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 53 
 
 hard at work in the recognition of the work 
 we are bound to do. It is patience which 
 we need in the acquisition of this reasonless, 
 armless, footless, bottomless, endless language. 
 One can't do much of anything out here in 
 a hurry (unless it be to get sick) and first in 
 the list of these impossibilities stands the 
 language. We arc hard at work and will 
 remain as hard at it as we can consistently 
 with the demands of health and efficiency." 
 
 In one of his letters home he humorously 
 writes : 
 
 " Yesterday, after six hours' work on the 
 language, I felt as if I never wanted to see 
 another Chinese character. They all seemed 
 like so many chocolate creams left out in the 
 rain." 
 
 In February, 1905, Warren moved to 
 Changsha, the capital of the province of 
 Hunan, and a city of 192,000 people. After 
 getting settled the great concern of the mis- 
 sionaries was to find an adequate and per- 
 manent site for the Mission, which had been 
 invited by all the denominational societies in 
 the province to do the higher educational work 
 for all the missions. Meanwhile he accepted 
 an invitation to teach English in a large na- 
 tive school of the Changsha Board of Educa- 
 tion. It was a good way to acquire influence 
 
54 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 and make friends, and it had its amusing com- 
 pensations, as these essays by his pupils will 
 indicate. 
 
 " WALE " 
 
 " The wale is the larger kind of the fish 
 and his power is so highter that all the fish 
 live in water are controled by him. But he 
 difference all the fish for he no gills or fins 
 for it is hard when he turns in the water and 
 in a few very minutes he cannot appears in 
 the air that he might died. As for his spout 
 can he wrecks the smaller vessels and the fish- 
 ing smacks, the people of the river's bank al- 
 most always distressed by him." 
 
 " WHALE " 
 
 " Some animals in water are lived chiefly 
 by the fish. The different kinds of fish are 
 very much. As the whale is especially with 
 other. If we catch a fish to lay down at the 
 ground it will not take long that which is soon 
 to die. Why? Because all fish cannot live 
 on land to inspire the air. But the whale can 
 be inspiring the air and drinking the water 
 also. He often inspires the air going down 
 to the bottom of water by and by rise up 
 aginst to spit the air so high that almost thirty 
 feet away. He has no gil but has a large 
 mouse. When our traveled ship must take 
 care and don't sail into his mouse. Thus the 
 whale is a king of fish." 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 55 
 
 He took advantage of opportunities, also, 
 to make the acquaintance of the governor, and 
 in due time the Yale Mission College v^as 
 begun in rented property. Many problems 
 beset the opening of the school, but these were 
 faced with clear discernment and unbending 
 principle by Gage and Seabury and the asso- 
 ciates who soon joined them. Warren was 
 resolved also to develop athletic life among 
 the students, to teach them American games, 
 and to fulfil a humorous prediction which he 
 had made to a Hartford professor: "I shall 
 coach the Chinese boys in athletics, then I 
 shall become a Cochin (coach in) China." 
 
 In the spring of 1906 Changsha was devas- 
 tated by a disastrous flood and Warren was 
 busy in generous service of the community in 
 its needs. This made more friends for the 
 Mission, but it was still unable to get land 
 of its own. He wrote of this to his 
 mother : 
 
 " I am very anxious that you should not 
 think of me as experiencing things that would 
 cause you pain. There are times when I think 
 of you with more than usual tenderness, but 
 even the good letters and gifts from you do 
 not bring about unhappy collapses. You must 
 think of me as well and strong, contented, 
 and satisfied with this work. It would not 
 
56 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 be a good thing if our paths were all smooth. 
 We have been very much tried by our 
 failure to get land. It may be well for us 
 if our hardest trials come at the first, so long 
 as we weather them and find ourselves better 
 for the storms. We rebel in word as we 
 talk of it and the matter is often in our silent 
 thoughts and we find it hard to see why we 
 should be blocked, when every consideration 
 seems to lay upon us the greatest haste. It 
 must be for the best, if one must suffer, to 
 suffer with others and in their interests. May 
 we come out refined by the fire and welded 
 into a mission of men and women who will 
 remain inseparable to the last." 
 
 His two first summers in China in spite 
 of the heat were spent in Changsha, but the 
 summer of 1907 he was prevailed upon to 
 go to Kuling, where the missionaries from 
 the Yangtse Valley gather for rest and con- 
 ference in the hot and unhealthful days, and 
 where Warren had been for ten days in May 
 of the preceding year in consultation over the 
 plans of the Mission. He spent thirteen days 
 in Kuling and then on July 29th went with 
 a little company of friends on the visit to the 
 ancient Chinese College in the mountains near 
 Kuling from which he and Arthur Mann, as 
 we have read in the sketch of Arthur Mann's 
 life, never returned. 
 
Warren Bartlett Seabury 57 
 
 " They two went down the hills through a 
 
 stormy dawn 
 With joyous comrades, laughing in the mist, 
 Cleaving the windy fog before their steps, 
 And holding converse as they downward fared. 
 
 " The storm fog drenched their footing on the 
 
 stones, 
 The rains came roaring down the mountain 
 
 streams, 
 The torrent snatched them, — and they were 
 
 no more. 
 
 " Their souls walked forth across the morning 
 
 heights, 
 And past the peaks and up beyond the clouds; 
 So, while their brethren sought their bodies 
 
 drowned, 
 That loving hands might tomb them in the 
 
 hills, 
 Christ met them all amazed — in Paradise." 
 
 It was a clean, competent, well-rounded life 
 that the torrent carried ofif from the service 
 of China and the world, a man made ready 
 for God's use here on earth and ready there- 
 fore for some great and urgent need which 
 demanded him in the Kingdom of his Father. 
 Mr. Gage, who had known him for many 
 years, bore testimony to his full equipment 
 for his work: 
 
58 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 " I should name as most prominent and im- 
 portant these characteristics in Warren which 
 are essential to success: i. Robust health and 
 absence of * nerves.' 2. Cheerfulness and a 
 keen sense of humour. 3. Patience and per- 
 fect good nature with exasperating people and 
 circumstances. 4. Enthusiasm, earnestness, 
 and force of character. 5. Entire freedom 
 from gossip and the tendency to talk over 
 the weaknesses of others. 6. Good sense and 
 willingness to learn, to change his mind and 
 to take advice and receive suggestions, al- 
 though they might oppose his previous views." 
 
 But best and most of all, he lived in the 
 Eternal Life. As he wrote in 1906 to one 
 of his intimate friends, " I do not know what 
 is before me, but I am * building my nest in 
 the greatness of God.' " 
 
 " In the greatness of God." This is the 
 spring of heroism and fidelity. Here Mann 
 and Seabury found it. And there now they 
 are found. 
 
IV 
 
 JOHN LAWRENCE THURSTON 
 
 JOHN LAWRENCE THURSTON was 
 born at Whitinsville, Massachusetts, on 
 August 4, 1874, and Whitinsville was 
 home to him until he went out to find a new 
 home in China. He came of an old line of 
 New England ancestors who had dwelt in 
 Massachusetts and Maine for nearly two hun- 
 dred and fifty years, and he lived up to the 
 family character and to the full meaning of 
 the family name of Thurston, " God's rock " 
 or " God's servant." 
 
 Lawrence had a severe illness as a child 
 which left its effects upon him for years and 
 kept him at home as a small boy, but when 
 he grew older and went to school, as his mother 
 says : 
 
 " It was found that he picked up more 
 * slang ' in a week than his elder brother had 
 in two years, and his friends of later years 
 will remember his fondness for what we might 
 call picturesque language. But his conscience 
 
 59 
 
6o Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 was alert, and he never strayed, I think, into 
 profanity." 
 
 He had a good, wholesome American boy- 
 hood. 
 
 " I remember my jig-saw Christmas," he 
 wrote years afterwards. '' If I remember cor- 
 rectly, I didn't do anything but saw all day, and 
 oh, the woe that filled my soul when, within a 
 day or two, I screwed it up too tight and 
 broke off a great piece and wrecked it. . . . 
 Do you remember when I came home with my 
 third tin drum from the Sunday-school tree? 
 / do anyway. And I never can feel that those 
 Christmas delights are past even though I am 
 no longer a child." 
 
 His happiest memories clustered around the 
 old barn loft and the home pond. 
 
 At the age of fifteen he went away to 
 Worcester Academy. 
 
 *' His diary for the first year records the 
 result of every baseball or football game, with 
 ample justification for the team in defeat and 
 a corresponding joy in victory. Writing home 
 to the family on the occasion of a notable vic- 
 tory, he had happened to describe with much 
 detail a banquet which the whole school had 
 attended. * I don't know but what you will 
 think,' he concluded, ' that I cared more for 
 the supper than for the game, but I didn't.' " 
 
John Lawrence Thurston 6i' 
 
 He made one noble effort in athletics, as 
 his diary indicates, but it ended in disaster and 
 he made no more : 
 
 " May 6. I began to train for walking (the 
 mile walk) this afternoon. 
 
 ' May II. Went to gym to see about training. 
 
 ' May 12. Trained. I walked as far as the 
 ruins of the house. 
 
 ' May 19. We trained. The cinder track is 
 being laid. 
 
 ' May 20. We trained. The track was laid 
 to-day. 
 
 * May 21. We trained for the last time be- 
 fore the sports. 
 
 ' May 22. I got my gym clothes and put 
 them in a bag for the races. 
 
 ' May 23. (The day of the games.) Wil- 
 liams walked the mile in eight 
 minutes, twenty seconds. I 
 walked and had 150 yards 
 handicap and came in 150 yards 
 behind." 
 
 He met with more success as a Nature stu- 
 dent in the Agassiz Association, which he 
 helped to found. Here is one of his letters 
 to his sister about it: 
 
 " We took our walk Monday and were out 
 about three hours. We all had a perfectly 
 delightful time. We found fully thirty flowers 
 in bloom. Rob Smith kept the list. I found 
 one new flower, the dwarf ginseng or ground 
 
62 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 nut. I see that you found it at Norton, but 
 we haven't pressed it before. Rob brought 
 home for the society meeting a black, poison- 
 ous water-snake, but we put him in a tin box 
 so that he is perfectly safe, and a little puff 
 adder about a foot long. We think we shall 
 put both in alcohol. We found several com- 
 mon lizards and one black one with yellow 
 spots. I have forgotten his name." 
 
 He was not a great student and was well 
 aware of it. His first year in the academy 
 he stood high, as he said, because his brother 
 had stood high and he was not yet found out. 
 But he had trouble in his entrance examina- 
 tions for Yale and decided to go back and take 
 an extra year at the academy in order to enter 
 without conditions. During this extra year 
 he debated with himself the claims of the 
 different professions. In one letter he names 
 and discusses them, closing, " Don't think I 
 have mentioned these in any order, for I have 
 put them down as they have come to me. 
 What an opportunity a young man does have 
 and how short a time there is to grasp it 
 in ! " A few weeks later he wrote home, still 
 unaware of what he was ultimately to decide 
 to do: 
 
 " This evening Mr. Davis presented the 
 Chinese. side of the Geary outrage. I never 
 
John Lawrence Thurston 63, 
 
 reahzed before what a future there was before 
 China. You know our great diplomatist be- 
 heves that the Chinese are to be to America 
 what the Goths and Huns were to Rome. 
 Whether we believe it or not there is some- 
 thing to think about in it." 
 
 While he was at Worcester he united with 
 the church. In many ways he began to look 
 at the serious purpose of life, and before he 
 left the academy he had decided to study for 
 the Christian ministry. That was just the 
 natural outcome of his true devotion and high 
 ideals. How clean and high his ideals were 
 is shown in a letter written home after some 
 disclosures of school dishonesty : 
 
 " It has been quite lively here this week in 
 more ways than one. First, three boys have 
 been expelled or suspended. . . . They all 
 desen^ed it and there are more like them. Fri- 
 day Mr. A talked to us about the whole 
 
 matter after chapel. The root of the evil is 
 dishonesty, the very thing that I spoke of while 
 at home. Lying and cheating are so easy for 
 schoolboys to fall into. They don't do it 
 intentionally, but gradually their consciences 
 become blunted and before they know it a lie 
 is as easy as a crib on the Xenophon margin 
 was before. When you see class leaders in 
 scholarship, school leaders in athletics stoop- 
 ing to little meannesses to gain a point or two 
 
64 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 on the teacher's book, or in the estimation of 
 their fellows, it makes you sick at heart. A 
 high sense of honour, a very sensitive con- 
 science are rare qualities. I wouldn't imply 
 that there aren't many good fellows, but their 
 standards are not high enough. Their ideals 
 are either of a low order or are lacking al- 
 together." 
 
 But he was full of gay spirits and playful- 
 ness, as the Class Historian pointed out at the 
 Academy Commencement in June, 1893 : 
 
 " Then there is John L. Thurston," the his- 
 tory reads, " a man with a perfectly rabid 
 affection for Yale. With Mr. S (a Har- 
 vard man) he wrangles frequently on the sub- 
 ject and is often successful. He is the only 
 man in the class that claims to grind and this 
 he does incessantly. He has without doubt 
 the most copious vocabulary of slang that has 
 ever been put in constant use. For this reason 
 Societies for Prevention of Slang have been 
 frequently organized for his benefit but with 
 indifferent success." 
 
 In Yale he set himself to do clean solid 
 work. He knew his limitations and he was 
 free from illusions. But every year, as he bent 
 himself diligently to his duties, his power grew 
 and he went steadily upward in his standing 
 in his class. And he was equally steady and 
 
John Lawrence Thurston 65 
 
 ongoing in his Christian work and character. 
 The great decision to be a missionary came 
 in his first year, and in one of his home 
 letters he tells about it. Various influences 
 operated on him, and : 
 
 *' When I came home at night," he says of 
 the eventful day, " I prayed as I never had 
 before. It was a fearful struggle and I slept 
 undecided. I thought I was willing to go 
 anywhere, but when it came to setting my face 
 steadfastly towards the foreign field, it seemed 
 a different thing. The next morning I prayed 
 and it was decided. It was all over and only 
 once or twice did a thought come of looking 
 back." 
 
 This missionary purpose dominated all the 
 rest of his college career. He deliberately 
 concentrated his efforts on his Christian and 
 missionary ideals. But his Christian single- 
 mindedness and consecration did not make 
 him gloomy or unhappy. " He was one of the 
 most consistent Christians in '98," writes one 
 of his classmates. " Perhaps he was narrow," 
 says another, " but he was very lovable in his 
 narrowness." 
 
 " He combined to an unusual degree,'' is 
 the word of another, " the art of * having a 
 good time ' with the science of ' being good.' 
 
66 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 He was always merry, yet he ne^Tr had to 
 call for pipe, bowl, or fiddlers to make him 
 so. Although he had a sterner code of ethics 
 than his classmates, none of them ever en- 
 joyed life more thoroughly than he did. 
 Willing to spend four hours over freshman 
 Greek when necessary, he was just as willing 
 to spend long hours preparing for our ' fresh- 
 man fun ' at the Glee Club ' Prom.' Concert. 
 I never knew any one more truly reverent, 
 yet his piety was never marred by any undue 
 solemnity. With an ability to be tremendously 
 earnest there went at the same time a keen 
 sense of humour, which kept him out of the 
 pitfall of taking himself too seriously. He 
 always seemed to appreciate the other man's 
 point of view. ... It was this unique com- 
 bination of qualities that made him so lovable, 
 that made him for me the true Christian, full 
 of faith and full of fun, always fired with re- 
 ligious devotion, yet never without that sweet 
 reasonableness which was his peculiar charm." 
 
 In his habits and personal principles he was 
 as clean as he was in his great missionary 
 devotion. 
 
 " Times without number," writes a fellow- 
 student, " we have discussed the questions that 
 come before college men for decision, and I 
 always used to insist with him that he drew 
 lines of duty and principle too fine. 
 
 " He had never smoked in college. He 
 
John Lawrence Thurston d^j 
 
 could see the good in a man who did, and 
 never was wilHng to condemn a man harshly 
 because he chose to be broader than Laurie 
 thought right; but for himself and his own 
 life smoking was wrong. Once having decided 
 it there was no moving him. I remember one 
 instance in particular. It came to the time of 
 the class histories on the campus at the close 
 of his college course and the class pipe w^ent 
 the rounds, but despite the pleadings of the 
 committee he was unwilling to break what was 
 to him a vital principle, even on such a justifia- 
 ble occasion. He spoke about it afterwards 
 with great regret, wishing that he might have 
 avoided so open a break with the men who 
 had urged it upon him; but he was sure in his 
 own mind that he ought not to yield, and that 
 settled the question for all time. He was nar- 
 row in the popular, careless sense of the word, 
 and was so considered by many men in the 
 class and even by his friends. But it seems 
 to me as those incidents sweep before the 
 memory that it was the narrowness of con- 
 centration and not of ignorance or of bigotry. 
 His life had a fixed amount of energy to be 
 invested, and he knew he must not spread it 
 out too thin over unessential things. He used 
 to bring the matter up in those talks in the 
 winter evenings after the day's work was done 
 or we had returned from some meeting, and 
 always his breadth of view was in contrast to 
 the concentration of his activity. He recog- 
 nized the good in the time spent in all athletics, 
 or at the fence making friendships that were 
 
68 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 to last for life, but he definitely gave up some 
 of those pleasantest elements of college life 
 for the larger gain of character and usefulness. 
 I would not commend his limitations any more 
 than he would himself if he were writing this: 
 but I do praise the consecration and courage 
 of a man that could clearly follow a path 
 that he had marked out in spite of criticism 
 or of the pleadings of his friends. Strength 
 was the cry of his ambition and not popularity 
 or attractiveness. To do, as well as was pos- 
 sible for him, the things to which he com- 
 mitted his effort, was the quest of those years." 
 
 After he left college he and four other Yale 
 men did a great work for a year among the 
 young people of the country, travelling about 
 as *' The Yale Missionary Band." From Port- 
 land, Maine, to Milwaukee, they visited the im- 
 portant centres, addressing about 900 meet- 
 ings with nearly 200,000 people in 95 cities, 
 and reached between two and three thousand 
 young people's societies in 364 conferences. It 
 was a remarkable service for five lads, for they 
 were little more, and it made a deep and en- 
 during impression upon the Christian Church 
 in America. 
 
 With the splendid fruitage and experience 
 of this year, Lawrence went on into the 
 Auburn and Hartford Theological Seminaries. 
 In both seminaries he was the same unselfish, 
 
John Lawrence Thurston 69 
 
 pure-hearted, unconventional, clean-principled 
 man he had been in college, doing his work 
 loyally but with all his interest in the practical 
 and living things. 
 
 '* My mind is full of Biblical criticism," he 
 wrote, " and evolution and Negroes. I'd 
 rather have it full of Negroes alone. I'd rather 
 put it on the practical, the real, and the evi- 
 dently necessary. I wonder if it is wrong to 
 be practical. These other questions are inter- 
 esting and important, but I get so tired of 
 them and they seem so little related to the 
 great needs of the day. For so many to spend 
 so much time on them seems almost like a 
 waste of human energy." 
 
 His summer vacation was not complete with- 
 out a time of camping out on Johnny's Island 
 in the pond at Whitinsville. For twelve suc- 
 cessive summers the camp was maintained. 
 Larry saw^ the beginning and the end of it. 
 It was a real boys' camp, with Larry as the 
 life of it, and it had a grand ending in the 
 summer of 1902 before he sailed for China 
 to be one of the pioneers of the Yale Mission, 
 in whose founding he was one of the prime 
 movers. On September 29, 1902, he started 
 with his wife, w^ho had been Miss Calder of 
 Mount Holyoke College. On reaching China 
 he went first to Peking, as everythino^ was still 
 
yo Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 to be decided with reference to the Mission. 
 His first work was on the language, and at 
 it he went with the same pertinacity which 
 he had shown in college and seminary. From 
 Peking he visited Shan-si province as a pos- 
 sible field for the Mission, but reported advising 
 against it, urging that the Mission should be 
 an educational mission, and suggesting Chang- 
 sha, in the Province of Hunan, as the proper 
 location. 
 
 But Lawrence was not to have a part in 
 laying the foundations at Changsha, which 
 was soon definitely selected as the centre of 
 the Mission. He went to Kuling in the Yang- 
 tse Valley for the summer of 1903 in order 
 that he might confer with the missionaries 
 from Hunan and central China, and there to 
 his amazement it was found that he had tuber- 
 culosis, and toward the end of the summer he 
 was ordered home. He reached San Fran- 
 cisco on December 4th, and hoped, through a 
 stay in California and careful attention to the 
 doctor's orders, to regain his health and return 
 to China ; but it was not to be, and on May loth 
 he heard the call that was to take him on from 
 China and California to a better country, even 
 a heavenly. 
 
 But his work did not end. The testimony 
 of one friend might be duplicated by the tes- 
 
John Lawrence Thurston 71 
 
 tiniony of many, for no such life as Lawrence 
 Thurston's can be stopped : 
 
 " Sweet memories they are, as they rise be- 
 fore me — those recollections of Laurie; the 
 long years in Yale on the top floor of Law- 
 rence Hall; the journeys in the West in the 
 intense days of our life, learning some of the 
 deepest spiritual lessons that could come to a 
 young man; those many times on the island 
 when relaxation was justified and enjoyed; 
 that wonderful year at Auburn when the 
 broader thoughts of modern study gripped us 
 both and we felt a cautious way into a position 
 that should combine the strongest elements of 
 both the old and the new. They are a precious 
 and permanent memorial of as true a friend, 
 as strong and courageous and useful a man 
 as I will ever know. His death only increases 
 the power he had over my life. For in the 
 college days his was one of the strongest 
 formative influences that came to me. And 
 now that he has so soon finished his work 
 here, I find the example of the dear friend 
 still as potent for good as ever it was when 
 we lived together." 
 
HENRY DICKINSON SMITH 
 
 NO writer on China is better known than 
 Dr. Arthur Smith, since 1872 a mis- 
 sionary of the American Board to the 
 Chinese people. His alert mind, nimble wit, 
 unceasing energy, and deep faith in God's 
 great purpose for the Chinese nation have 
 made him one of the best known missionaries 
 and most widely loved friends of China. 
 Henry Dickinson Smith was Dr. Smith's only 
 son, a son after his father's own mind and 
 heart, and a lad of such self-forgetfulness, and 
 of such faithfulness to duty and to oppor- 
 tunity as won for him the crown which be- 
 longs to those who give up their lives for 
 others. 
 
 Henry was born in Tientsin, China, January 
 2.2, 1861. The ordinary ways of childhood 
 were marked in his case with a special dis- 
 tinction of mental originality and cleverness, 
 but without any folly or self-conceit. Native 
 good sense and wise home training balanced 
 
 the boy's keen capacity and kept him natural 
 
 72 
 
Henry Dickinson Smith 73 
 
 and true. At the age of fourteen he was left 
 in America for his education while his par- 
 ents returned to China. In the Oakland High 
 School, where he began his home studies, he 
 at once attracted attention by his quick intel- 
 ligence and energetic enthusiasm, so that his 
 schoolmates dubbed him " Freak Smith." 
 
 In vacation times he was not idle. He al- 
 ways had some work on hand. He began by 
 doing errands. Passing a house, a w^oman 
 who was a stranger called to him. She was 
 alone with a sick baby. Would he be willing 
 to go to the drug store for medicine? 
 '' Mother," he wrote, '' she just chucked her 
 w^hole pocketbook into my hand. I made 
 change all right, and brought it back to her at 
 once. When she tried to pay me I wouldn't 
 take it, for you know I promised God if He'd 
 give me a bicycle, I'd do errands for Him." 
 This was illustrative of the boy's spirit. At 
 another time he worked during the long hot 
 days in a cannery and again as an elevator 
 boy. 
 
 When the high-school course was completed 
 he decided to go into business, at least until 
 he could decide deliberately as to a college 
 course, and for a year, and with great success, 
 he worked in a San Francisco store. The 
 energies and activities of his position suited 
 
74 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 him, and the temptation was strong to forego 
 a college training and go on in business, where 
 attractive offers were made to him. In the 
 end, and with his father's earnest counsel, he 
 decided for college and entered Beloit College, 
 Wisconsin, in the fall of 1898. 
 
 His freshman year was the least satisfactory 
 of his course. Some careless ways of his 
 business life were to be outgrown, and his 
 mind had to pass through a time of unrest- 
 fulness before it settled down for itself and 
 clearly on a firm personal religious faith. He 
 at once displayed unusual power as a debater, 
 participating in freshman year in the debate 
 between Beloit and Ripon. In his sophomore 
 year he was chosen in the preliminary contests 
 to represent Beloit in the debate with Knox, 
 but declined to accept, feeling that the upper- 
 class man who would otherwise have had the 
 place would strengthen the team, and that he 
 himself had better wait. His reward came to 
 him later. 
 
 He faced for himself the question whether 
 he should give athletics or scholarship the first 
 place in his thought. Early in his course 
 he wrote to his parents on the issue as it pre- 
 sented itself to him : 
 
 "Of course, a fine athlete may also be a fine 
 scholar. I have known a few such. The 
 
Henry Dickinson Smith 75 
 
 combination is not impossible, but improbable, 
 and extremely rare. The reason is that train- 
 ing takes so much time and strength that few 
 men have enough left to make good scholars, 
 and, besides, an enthusiastic athlete is very apt 
 to do this one thing and have very little in- 
 terest in anything else. A good athlete must 
 be careful in his diet, regular in his training, 
 and must never sit up late. A good student 
 is often obliged to study hard and long. A 
 man may start out with the intention of doing 
 both things well, but sooner or later they are 
 most sure to conflict. He will find himself 
 face to face with four or five hours of hard 
 studying, which must be done before to-mor- 
 row. Then he has to make his choice. H 
 athletics are uppermost in his mind, he will 
 study what he can, and then go to bed. If 
 this happens often, his scholarship will suffer. 
 Then, since he has lost one ideal, he will devote 
 himself more to the other. After this he may 
 be a good athlete, but unless he stops training 
 he will probably never be a good scholar. The 
 extreme opposite of these are those whose 
 whole existence is bound up in books. They 
 seldom witness a baseball or football game, 
 and never think of taking part in one. They 
 take no interest in athletics or society, and if 
 one of them joins a debating society it is with 
 a view to studying rhetoric. 
 
 " A third class are interested in athletics and 
 society, but not to the exclusion of studying. 
 Though they may study hard, it is always with 
 limits. They are moderately esteemed by the 
 
76 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 professors, though they may never be brilHant 
 in any Hue. An athlete may meet with con- 
 tinual disapproval of the faculty, and yet be a 
 popular hero, while a hard student may have 
 the profound admiration of every professor, 
 and yet be disliked by his classmates and the 
 college. I have settled for myself that I will 
 not join the first class. I am passionately fond 
 of football and moderately fond of baseball, 
 but not fond enough of either to let them 
 crowd out my studies, nor to give them the 
 attention necessary to those who get on the 
 team. Between the other two the choice is 
 harder." 
 
 He worked hard in his class work, but the 
 competitive excitement of the college debates, 
 leading on to the intercollegiate contests, ap- 
 pealed to him most. In these contests he won 
 his way to victory through defeat. In one of 
 the first struggles of junior 3^ear he was de- 
 feated, after seven weeks of incessant prepara- 
 tion. '' I have met defeat before," he wrote. 
 " Never one quite like this. It came as a 
 storm from the blue sky. It crushed the life 
 out of me and took away all my energy. I 
 can't seem to get up any interest in oratory 
 now, although but a short time ago it was the 
 principal ambition of my life." But later in 
 the year he was chosen leader of the Beloit 
 team of three in the debate with Knox College. 
 
Henry Dickinson Smith 77 
 
 The question for debate was the value and 
 influence of Labour Unions. Henry went 
 to Chicago during his spring vacation to study 
 union labour on the ground, and he and his as- 
 sociates made every preparation for the con- 
 test, and just before going to the hall met in 
 Henry's room at the hotel in Galesburg, and, 
 as he wrote home, *' I said we were all three 
 Y.M.C.A. men, and that it was a good time 
 to keep our Christianity with us. Then, bow- 
 ing our heads for a few minutes, we prayed 
 that, whether we won or lost, we might not at 
 any time forget that we were sons of Beloit 
 and Christian gentlemen." It was an excit- 
 ing contest, and Beloit lost. It was a terrible 
 disappointment to him, but he was soon able to 
 view it philosophically. As he wrote in a later 
 letter : " I think I told you my college experi- 
 ence up to and including the Knox debate. 
 Lucius Porter and I were very much disap- 
 pointed at the result, and I felt exceedingly 
 tired after four months of extremely strenu- 
 ous work. There are some disadvantages about 
 working on an intercollegiate debate, but I be- 
 lieve it is worth all it costs. Few men can 
 have the privilege of taking part in such a 
 contest, and no one who has not can under- 
 stand how much it is worth. Last year's de- 
 bate was of more use to me in teaching me 
 
yS Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 how to face the world, how to deal with men, 
 and how to enter the battles of life, than any 
 other semester of study that I have spent in 
 college. I have been asked to go in for it 
 again, and am seriously considering the idea. 
 I would like nothing better than to win one 
 decisive victory for Old Beloit before I gradu- 
 ate. It would be worth all it cost." 
 
 He gathered lessons, also, from a defeat at 
 Commencement time in the contest in extem- 
 poraneous speaking. Describing it, he wrote: 
 
 " No defeat is tolerable to me till I have 
 learned some useful lesson from it. I have 
 learned two things : I must improve my de- 
 livery, especially in learning to talk more 
 slowly. It will be only by doing more work 
 than others that I can rely on any superiority." 
 
 In the vacation between junior and senior 
 years he attended the Student Summer Con- 
 ference at Lake Geneva, and then decided that 
 he would make foreign missions his life work, 
 as it was his father's. " Have felt much bet- 
 ter since," he wrote. " My doubts and 
 troubles have lasted for several years, and 
 are only just now beginning to get cleared 
 up." 
 
 In the fall of 1901 he returned to Beloit for 
 his last and best year. He went in for ath- 
 
Henry Dickinson Smith 79 
 
 letics, and became captain of the second foot- 
 ball team. He was interested, also, in all the 
 general work of the college. He was on the 
 editorial board of one of the college publica- 
 tions, president of the English Club, active in 
 the oratorical contest (in which he won third 
 place), and, most notable of all, the leader in 
 the triumphant victory of Beloit over Knox 
 in the debate between the two colleges. He 
 also coached the freshman and sophomore de- 
 bating teams to a successful issue in their 
 contests with Ripon and Carleton Colleges, 
 and he won the Hay prize for the best essay 
 on a topic connected with American citizen- 
 ship. Of the Knox debate Professor Collie 
 of Beloit wrote : " Henry was a power in de- 
 bate, and became, perhaps, the most famous 
 of undergraduate debaters in our history. In 
 this debate, 1902, Beloit had apparently lost, 
 when Henry rose to make his argument in re- 
 buttal. No one present will be likely to for- 
 get that speech. His generalship, his quick 
 wit, with his eager, passionate argument, 
 simply swept the Knox men from their feet, 
 and Beloit won the decision. The ambition of 
 the college youth was satisfied. Eager in- 
 tensity and strength carried the day." 
 
 Beloit had done its best with the fine man- 
 hood material it had received in him, and he 
 
8o Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 went out grateful for what it had given him. 
 His gratitude was deepest to the heroic in- 
 valid to whose character and courage he owed 
 most. As he wrote to his family : 
 
 " My most solemn farewell was to the col- 
 lege library, silent and deserted now. One 
 spot in it is forever sacred to me. Professor 
 Bacon's wheelchair used to stand there, and 
 he used to work there every day. For three 
 years I watched him work there ; for two years 
 I worked and studied with him ; for one year I 
 was his right-hand man, and, after he had 
 gone ' Over there,' I still worked on that spot. 
 There I had vowed to beat Ripon, if it were 
 possible to overcome such odds as we fresh- 
 men fought against that year, and to that spot 
 I returned forlorn and comfortless to gather 
 fresh resolve. On that spot I had vow^ed, as 
 a junior, to defeat Knox if it could be done. 
 Here Professor Bacon had bidden me god- 
 speed with his firm warm handclasp and his 
 cheery voice, ' God bless you, Henry ; go in 
 and do your best.' Two days later, when T 
 returned beaten, but not conquered, his earnest, 
 vibrant voice greeted me with, ' Well, Henry, 
 there are three hundred and sixty-three days to 
 the next Knox debate.' His indomitable cour- 
 age was contagious. On this very spot I had 
 solemnly sworn that I would fight one more 
 battle to the very end, and to this place I re- 
 turned after the bonfire had burned out, and 
 the shouts had died away, and the crowd had 
 gone home, the night of the Knox debate, to 
 
Henry Dickinson Smith 8i 
 
 thank God for my first victory. On this same 
 spot I lingered in farewell. The finest stu- 
 dents I had ever known had worked here, and 
 grown under Professor Bacon's care into 
 splendid men. The place was consecrated hy 
 his heroic life and death. 
 
 O God, to us may grace be given 
 To follow in their train.' 
 
 I thought a moment, and prayed on that spot. 
 No place has ever been associated, for me, 
 with so much of the strenuous endeavour and 
 purposeful resolve." 
 
 The next two years he taught at Forest 
 Grove, Oregon, entering into all the life of 
 the students, helping them in their athletics 
 and debates, and working a way deep into their 
 hearts. In vacation times he turned his hand 
 to business with his old success. He went on 
 the road as a drummer for a hardware house. 
 " The first customer upon whom I called said : 
 * Why, there was a man around here yesterday 
 trying to sell a lot of that stuff.' To which I 
 responded with cheerful recklessness, ' I have 
 no doubt of it. There will probably be an- 
 other to-morrow, and I'm four weeks ahead of 
 the man who will be here a month from now, 
 but we've got the very thing you want, and at 
 
82 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 the right price.' I stayed with the gentleman 
 more than an hour, and returned with an order 
 for more than four hundred dollars' worth of 
 assorted hardware." 
 
 He came back from Tacoma to Forest 
 Grove, one hundred and seventy-five miles, 
 to vote for " No License." " I know a 
 moral issue when I see one," he wrote, 
 " and I don't believe there is any man 
 in Oregon more anxious than I am to ' get in 
 the game ' when a hot fight is raging over a 
 moral issue. We won by a majority of forty- 
 one." 
 
 From Forest Grove he returned to Beloit. 
 He had done good work in Oregon. As he 
 wrote to his father : " I work hard from morn- 
 ing to night, and shall stoutly defend my right 
 to do so. ' Idleness is the American Hell.' 
 Of course, I work hard. I think the results 
 justify me. The football team tied with the 
 best in the State. The orator whom I trained 
 won the State oratorical contest. Our debat- 
 ing team went one hundred and fifty miles and 
 w^hipped the State University on their own 
 grounds. When I came the college loyalty 
 was low, athletics and debating were in a 
 most discouraging condition. This year we 
 have won everything. Of one thing I am 
 sure: If I ever make a success of anything in 
 
Henry Dickinson Smith 83 
 
 life, it will not be through talent or inspira- 
 tion, but through hard work. I never expect 
 to do less than the very best I can." 
 
 In this spirit he spent the next year working 
 for Beloit College, making the institution and 
 its influence better known throughout the 
 Northwest, and drawing young men and 
 women thither for a college training under 
 the Christian principles which governed the 
 institution. The result was the largest enter- 
 ing class ever known in the history of the col- 
 lege, 55 per cent, larger than the class of the 
 preceding year. Of his work as secretary of 
 the college, Professor Collie wrote: 
 
 " The Greater Beloit will come in the future, 
 and it will be Henry Smith's credit that he 
 gave it the first great impulse in the forward 
 direction. His methods of advertising the 
 college were models of their kind, and will 
 set a standard at Beloit for years to come." 
 
 The time had now come, he felt, to go on 
 with his theological preparation for mission- 
 ary work, and the fall of 1905 found him at 
 New Haven in the Yale Divinity School. " I 
 mean to settle down quietly at Yale," he wrote, 
 '' live simply, study hard, think deeply, pray 
 more, worry less, and sympathize always. It 
 is not hard for me to do things, it is very hard 
 
84 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 to live quietly and think deeply. The man 
 who does not do so is shallow." 
 
 There were ten Beloit men in the Divinity 
 School, and they entered into the life of the 
 school and the university, Henry wrote to 
 the Beloit College paper, of which he had once 
 been editor : 
 
 " We have found Yale simply splendid. 
 One can't help being enthusiastic about it. 
 The Yale spirit is magnificent, and the oppor- 
 tunities tremendous. The Beloit delegation 
 are trying to give an account of themselves 
 here. Three of the four editors of the Divin- 
 ity Quarterly are Beloit men, and the Divinity 
 choir is made up entirely of Beloit men. The 
 work is mighty hard here, and does not leave 
 much time for fun." 
 
 And later he wrote to the paper an enthusi- 
 astic article on " The Yale-Princeton Game " : 
 
 " To a Westerner one of the most attractive 
 features of Yale life is the intense enthusiasm 
 and loyalty of the students and alumni for 
 their Alma Mater. A new student feels its 
 influence at once, and finds it getting a stronger 
 grip upon him as months and years pass. 
 This spirit appears in many ways and places. 
 In the fall the chief interest centers about the 
 football games, and it is there that the great- 
 est demonstrations of the Yale spirit may be 
 seen. . . . 
 
Henry Dickinson Smith 85 
 
 " After the game the Yale brass band led 
 the way round the field, followed by two thou- 
 sand Yale men, eight or ten abreast, arms 
 locked, joyously dancing the serpentine. Be- 
 fore the cheering section of the orange and 
 black they pause to give a long cheer for 
 Princeton's men, which is heartily returned. 
 One side is happ}/-, and both are satisfied, for 
 both have done their best, and there is no 
 greater victory than that. As the happy 
 throng moves homeward one cannot help 
 catching a little of the Yale spirit from their 
 chorus : 
 
 " ' In after years should trouble rise 
 
 To cloud the blue of sunny skies, 
 
 How bright will seem, through memory's haze, 
 
 The happy, golden, bygone days.' " 
 
 In Yale he led the Divinity School debating 
 team in a victory over the Law School, and 
 was leader also of the Yale team in a debate 
 with Harvard which Harvard won. His 
 father came back from China this winter, and 
 Henry met him in New York in January. 
 " We went right up to my room at the hotel," 
 he writes to his mother, '' to talk it over, and 
 then Pater said : ' Come, Honey Bee [his child- 
 hood nickname], let's have a prayer.' Isn't 
 that just like him? Of course, we had a tre- 
 mendous lot of back conversation to make up, 
 
86 Alen Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 and I don't see when we are ever to catch up. 
 He talks about two hundred and fifty 
 words to the minute, and I do the 
 same — that makes five hundred; but there 
 aren't minutes enough." 
 
 Father and son found each in the other his 
 satisfying joy, and they were together as much 
 as the work of either would allow. Henry 
 was called on to attempt in a small measure 
 for the Divinity School what he had done for 
 Beloit in the matter of drawing new students, 
 and in the summer returned to Beloit to re- 
 peat for the college the work he had done be- 
 fore. 
 
 And it was in this summer that the brilliant 
 life ended here on earth. In August he went 
 to Lake Geneva for a rest. With two friends 
 he went swimming on the morning of Aug- 
 ust 7th. One of the two friends had al- 
 ready gone into the lake, and was seen to be 
 struggling in water too deep for her. Henry 
 at once went in to her assistance, and was 
 pulled down by her. Help came soon, and 
 the bodies were rescued. With Miss Macum- 
 ber life was extinct, but after many hours of 
 work there was a faint flicker of life with 
 Henry, and then a slow return to conscious- 
 ness. " Then followed the delicate task of 
 maintaining the life thus feebly restored. Un- 
 
Henry Dickinson Smith 87 
 
 der ordinary circumstances there was a fair 
 chance that the dear patient might be fully 
 recovered. He had, it is true, greatly ex- 
 hausted his nervous energy in the continuous 
 effort of the summer. When he slowly 
 opened his eyes and began to speak in a feeble 
 way, he could not recall the situation, wonder- 
 ing where he might be. The night wore away, 
 and a new morning dawned, while the effort to 
 sustain his strength went on. At last it be- 
 came evident that his vital force was slowly 
 ebbing once more. At the end of twenty-one 
 hours of this remarkable effort, due to the pa- 
 tient solicitude of Dr. and Mrs. Collie, the 
 precious life succumbed to exhaustion." 
 
 The body was laid to rest in Beloit, where so 
 much of his life had been richly lived. On 
 the coffin Miss Macumber's parents laid a 
 wreath with the words, " Greater love hath 
 no man than this, that a man lay down his life 
 for his friends." And far away in Kuling, in 
 China, the word of the death of their only 
 son, and the last of their three children, 
 reached two aging lives which had given all 
 to God, and which did not complain even now 
 in the uttermost of human sorrow. 
 
 The Yale Divinity Quarterly gave restrained 
 expression to its sense of loss in Henry's 
 death : 
 
88 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 " Mr. Smith was characterized by a brihiant 
 wit, a remarkable executive abiHty, and an 
 unusual power of concentration. His enthusi- 
 asm for any work in which he was interested 
 was almost unbounded, and he could put en- 
 thusiasm into others. He was most unselfish 
 in his disposition, modest and retiring" in man- 
 ner, and had a deeply spiritual nature. The 
 foreign mission service was to have been his 
 life work, as he had already applied to the 
 American Board for appointment, when he 
 had completed his Divinity course. His prom- 
 ise for future usefulness w^as most unusual, 
 and his loss is one that will be inestimable to 
 the Divinity School, the mission field in China, 
 and to all his friends East and West. The 
 strong characteristics of his life will always 
 be an inspiration to all who knew him." 
 
 The intense, eager, hopeful, unresting life is 
 busy still, we may be sure, in the work of that 
 Kingdom in which it served on earth. And 
 the gift of such lives to God is not too great 
 a gift, remembering His gift once to men. 
 
 " Why callest Thou the stainless knight. 
 
 With sword scarce proved against the foe. 
 Why leavest us, with many a fight. 
 Wearied and scarred, and fain to go? 
 
 " Yet this we dimly understand, 
 That Life Eternal is our own, 
 And that the unseen Other Land 
 Is ours, and not this Land alone. 
 
Henry Dickinson Smith 89 
 
 Once Thou didst lose Thy Son awhile, 
 On a strange errand, full of pain, 
 
 Yet with a Father's welcoming smile 
 Didst proudly take Him home again. 
 
 So now we say: If life be one 
 And Thou of Life the Ruler be, 
 
 Dear God, Who gavest us Thy Son, 
 Behold we give our sons to Thee." 
 
VI 
 
 THREE FAITHFUL MEN OF PRAYER 
 
 IN 1 80 1 an eighteen-year-old boy had a talk 
 with his mother just as he was about to 
 leave home to enter the Morris Academy, 
 South Farms, Litchfield, Connecticut. The 
 boy was burdened of soul, and even after his 
 mother's loving counsel he set off with a heavy 
 heart. The mother went to her room and 
 prayed as only a mother can pray. As she 
 prayed and Samuel Mills went on his way, 
 there came to him a great new sense of God, 
 and there and then he stopped in the woods 
 by the roadside to pray for himself and to give 
 himself over to the God who had so clearl}^ 
 come to him. 
 
 Five years later the boy was in Williams 
 College, and kneeling with four companions 
 under the haystack, where Mills had sum- 
 moned them with the words, *' Come, let us 
 make it a subject of prayer under the hay- 
 stack, while the dark clouds are going and 
 the clear sky is coming." There they knelt 
 
 to pray that the churches might awake to 
 
 90 
 
Three Faithful Men of Prayer 91 
 
 send out missionaries to the heathen. And 
 there and in the impulse which grew out of 
 these prayers American foreign missions were 
 born. The work did not begin for some years, 
 but it may be safely said that it was Mills 
 who prayed it into existence. 
 
 The man of prayer could not be content 
 with small unprayerful schemes. " Though 
 you and I are very little beings," he wrote 
 to Elias Cornelius, " we must not rest sat- 
 isfied till we have made our influence extend 
 to the remotest corner of this ruined world." 
 '' I intend, God willing," he wrote in a letter 
 declining to settle in the Western Reserve, 
 " that the little influence I have shall be felt 
 in every State in the Union." 
 
 So he moved out on great home mission 
 tours through the Louisiana Purchase, and, 
 as a result, prayed and planned the American 
 Bible Society into existence. " That Soci- 
 ety," says Mills's last biographer, " was the 
 child of his efforts and prayers." New York 
 City, however, to which he had returned, was 
 too small for him. " I am pestered in this pin- 
 hole," he wrote. The vision of prayer led 
 him out to Africa. He put himself and his 
 prayers into the Colonization Society Move- 
 ment, and then, in 1817, set off himself for 
 the Dark Continent. The natives, who had 
 
92 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 seen a different kind of white man, '' were 
 greatly surprised at the devotion of Mills and 
 Burgess, and one said that he never knew be- 
 fore that white men prayed." On his way 
 home from Africa, in June, 1818, he died at 
 sea, having gently closed his hands on his 
 heart as if in prayer. 
 
 " Like every true man of God," says Mr. 
 Richards, " he was a man of prayer. His 
 plans were all prayed out. Upon his knees 
 he fought out the l3attles of his life. To his 
 Father he went with all his doubts and diffi- 
 culties. It was his custom to go alone or with 
 a comrade for long walks in the woods round 
 about Williams and Andover, to pray and med- 
 itate. Much of the time in the student meet- 
 ings was taken with prayer. Contrary to the 
 usual custom, these prayers were short. But 
 they were deeply reverent, and filled with im- 
 passioned utterance. He was never selfish in 
 his prayer; he seldom prayed aloud for him- 
 self, but ardently for others. One peculiar 
 form he often used was, ' We praise Thee that 
 we belong to a race of beings who were made 
 by Jesus Christ, and who have been redeemed 
 by His blood.' 
 
 " Not only did he have his usual devotional 
 periods every day, but when some special 
 burden rested upon him, or when some new 
 plan was working out, or when the way was 
 dark, he would also set apart a day of fasting 
 and prayer, and wrestle with the Almighty, 
 
Three Faithful Men of Prayer 93 i 
 
 1 
 
 until he felt the assurance that his prayer was \ 
 
 heard. \ 
 
 *' If he prayed as though all depended on j 
 
 God, he worked as though everything depended | 
 
 on his own labours. He not only expected 1 
 great things from God, he attempted great 
 things for God." 
 
 Do we only expect or do we also attempt by 
 prayer? ^/ex5(^ 
 
 ■\ 
 
 In August, 1865, the ship Wild Rover, ' 
 
 owned by Alpheus Hardy & Co. of Boston, J 
 
 returned to the home port from China, bring- ;; 
 
 ing a young Japanese who had run away from ^ 
 
 Japan in order to learn the English language, ; 
 
 so that he might be able to translate the Bible j 
 into his own tongue for the benefit of his coun- 
 trymen. He knew only what w^ords he had 
 
 picked up on the ship, and when Mr. Hardy ] 
 
 questioned him he answered only in mono- ' 
 syllables. Within a few days, however, he 
 
 gave Mr. Hardy a quaint statement, telling i 
 his whole history. 
 
 i 
 
 " A day I visited my friend, and I found ' 
 
 out small Holy Bible in his library that was i 
 written by some American minister with China 
 
 language, and had shown only the most re- '• 
 
 markable events of it. I lend it from him and J 
 read it at night, because I was afraid the sav- 
 
94 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 age country's law, which if I read the Bible, 
 Government wnll cross whole my family. I 
 understood God at first, and He separated the 
 earth from firmament, made light upon the 
 earth, made grass, trees, creatures, fowls, fishes. 
 And He created a man in His own image, and 
 made up a woman, cutting a man's side bone. 
 After He made up all things of universe He 
 took a rest. That day we must call Sunday or 
 Sabbath Day. I understand that Jesus Christ 
 was Son of Holy Ghost, and He was crossed 
 for the sins of all the world; therefore we must 
 call Him our Saviour. Then I put down the 
 book and looked around me, saying that : Who 
 made me? My parents? No, God. Who 
 made my table ? A carpenter ? No, my God. 
 God let trees grow upon the earth, and al- 
 though God let a carpenter made up my table, 
 it indeed came from some tree. Then I must 
 be thankful to God, I must believe Him, and I 
 must be upright against Him. From that time 
 my mind was fulfilled to read English Bible, 
 and purposed to go to Hakodate to get English 
 or American teacher of it. Therefore I asked 
 of my prince and parents to go thither. But 
 they had not allowed to me for it, and were 
 alarmed at it. But my stableness would not 
 destroy by my expostulations, and I kept such 
 thoughts, praying only to God : Please ! let me 
 reach my aim." 
 
 So Neesima began his great career in prayer. 
 Mr. Hardy sent him to Phillips Academy at 
 Andover, then to Amherst College, then to An- 
 
Three Faithful Men of Prayer 95 
 
 dover Theological Seminary. His letters 
 show that, earnest as he was in all his studies, 
 he was not less earnest in his inner life of 
 prayer. He felt the burden of his mission, 
 and knew that his only help for himself and 
 for all that he longed to see done was in God. 
 
 '' I have a plough on my hands," he wrote to 
 Mrs. Hardy from Andover. '' I must work 
 for my Lord. It is my earnest prayer for my 
 parents that God should spare their lives until 
 the light of truth and life be preached to them. 
 I thank God for what He has done for me 
 always." 
 
 In 1872 the Iwakura Embassy came from 
 Japan to America and Europe to investigate 
 all things and to report to its own country 
 what ought to be adopted by Japan. On 
 reaching Washington the Embassy summoned 
 Neesima to inform it about the system of 
 American education. 
 
 '' So I have been studying it since last 
 week," writes Neesima. " It gives me plenty 
 to do. I will go to Washington as soon as the 
 Japanese Embassy arrive there. I expect to 
 stand up for Christ before the heathen Em- 
 bassy. I think it is a good opportunity for me 
 to speak Christ. I wish you would make spe- 
 cial prayer for me, and also for the Em- 
 bassy." 
 
96 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 He was invited to join the Embassy in its 
 work, and accompanied it to Europe, praying 
 ever and asking others to pray for these men 
 of great influence with whom he was asso- 
 ciated, that they might become disciples of the 
 Saviour. 
 
 '' I wish you would offer special prayer for 
 that one who has just begun to study with me," 
 he writes from Berlin of a Japanese friend, 
 " that the thick unbelieving scales may fall 
 from his eyes and he may see the gentle Sa- 
 viour standing by him." 
 
 When his preparation was done he went 
 back and founded the great Christian college 
 at Kyoto. He founded and maintained it in 
 prayer. While on a sea voyage his journal 
 reads : 
 
 *' April 7. Prayer for theological students. 
 We passed through the Straits of Shimo- 
 noseki at 5.30. The weather was fair, and 
 I was not sick at all. 
 
 " April 8. Prayer for the fifth year class." 
 
 This was the man as he lived and as he 
 died — dwelling near to God, and knowing Him 
 as the hearer and answerer of prayer. 
 
 On April 8, 1901, on Goaribari Island m 
 the South Seas, the man for whom Robert 
 
Three Faithful Men of Prayer 97 
 
 Louis Stevenson, as his biographer tells us, 
 " felt a kind of hero worship, a greater ad- 
 miration, probably, than he felt for any man 
 of modern times, except Charles Gordon," was 
 killed and eaten by cannibals. James Chal- 
 mers was his name in Great Britain. 
 " Tamate of New Guinea," he was known in 
 the South Seas. " Christmas I go to Auck- 
 land," wrote Stevenson in December, 1890, 
 '' to meet Tamate, the New Guinea mission- 
 ary, a man I love." 
 
 Prayer was always the very central power 
 and vitality of his work. In August, 1891, 
 he wrote to his friend, Mr. Searle of Kew, 
 Victoria, Australia, a letter to be read to a 
 class of young men. He told of the work and 
 the new teachers sent out to new places. Then 
 he broke forth: 
 
 " I want you to pray, just here, for these 
 men and women. A special prayer, that the}^ 
 may soon know the language, and be made 
 wise to turn souls, that their lives may be 
 spared in holiness and honour to a real, good 
 old age, without any looking back. I don't 
 like the looking back." 
 
 And he closed his letter: 
 
 " I am anxious to visit all our stations be- 
 fore going to the Fly River. I feel sure you 
 
98 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 are praying for us, and I know we shall not 
 be forgotten by you in the future. Do not ex- 
 pect too much. Forced work is unhealthy, 
 and manufactured converts do not last long. 
 Let the work grow with our lives, and in God's 
 own good time there will be a temple worthy 
 of His praise." 
 
 To him to live was to pray. He wrote to 
 an anxious friend, '' Don't make plans till you 
 have prayed about it or you will spoil it all." 
 
 He tells us himself how, as a small lad, the 
 missionary call came to him and was sealed by 
 prayer : 
 
 " I remember it well. Our Sunday-school 
 class had been held in the vestry as usual. The 
 lesson was finished, and we had marched back 
 into the chapel to sing, answer questions, and 
 to listen to a short address. I was sitting at 
 the head of the seat, and can even now see Mr. 
 Meikle taking from his breast pocket a copy 
 of the United Presbyterian Record, and hear 
 him say that he was going to read an interest- 
 ing letter to us from a missionary in Fiji. The 
 letter was read. It spoke of cannibalism and 
 of the power of the gospel, and at the close 
 of the reading, looking over his spectacles, and 
 with wet eyes, he said, * I wonder if there is a 
 boy here this afternoon who will yet become a 
 missionary, and by and by take the gospel to 
 cannibals?' And the response of my heart 
 was, ' Yes, God helping me, and I will.' So 
 
Three Faithful Men of Prayer 99 
 
 impressed was I that I spoke to no one, but 
 went right away towards home. The im- 
 pression became greater the further I went, un- 
 til I got to the bridge over the Aray above the 
 mill and near to the Black Bull. There I went 
 over the wall attached to the bridge, and, 
 kneeling down, prayed God to accept of me, 
 and to make me a missionary to the heathen." 
 
 As he began he lived. The boy who prayed 
 was a boy and a boy who prayed always. 
 *' He fulfilled to the full," said a classmate, 
 " the great thought of Joubert — * Let us be 
 men with men, but always children with God; 
 for in His eyes we are but children.' He car- 
 ried the child's heait with him through life, 
 as Baldwin Brown, in his ordination charge, 
 advised me to do. And so he became ^ The 
 Great-heart of New Guinea,' as Robert Louis 
 Stevenson called him." 
 
 " He was a Christian of the robust, healthy 
 type," writes his associate, Mr. Lawes, " with 
 instinctive hatred of all cant and sham. A 
 man of great faith, mighty in prayer and full 
 of the love of Christ. He realized to a greater 
 degree than most men what it is to live in 
 Christ, and to him His presence was very real 
 and true and constant. And this spiritual 
 povv^er was the secret of his wonderful in- 
 fluence over men, and of his great success as 
 
lOO Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 a missionary : by it ^ he being dead, yet speak- 
 eth.' The memory of his Christ Hfe in its 
 consecration and unselfishness, its large-heart- 
 edness, its childlike faith, its communion with 
 God, its unwearied service, and in its bright 
 hopefulness is the rich legacy he has left to 
 us in New Guinea, and to all his missionary 
 brethren wherever his name and fame may 
 come." 
 
VII 
 
 TWO SHORT GREAT LIVES OF 
 FIDELITY 
 
 IN the fall of 1905 there died at Engle- 
 wood, New Jersey, within a few weeks of 
 one another, two members of the class of 
 190 1 of Princeton University. Each died 
 after a short and severe illness, and only a few 
 weeks after his marriage, and each on the 
 threshold of what gave promise of being a 
 specially glorious life of faithful work and 
 large usefulness. 
 
 One was John Leete Rogers, who was born 
 in New Britain, Connecticut, June 11, 1880. 
 There he spent his boyhood, and there he joined 
 the South Congregational Church, when he 
 was twelve years old. He entered Princeton 
 in the autumn of 1897, and from the first day 
 to the last he walked in honour, and purity, 
 and strength. He took high rank as a scholar. 
 He displayed such rare executive gifts that 
 the most responsible duties of large organiza- 
 tions w^ere laid upon him, and he followed 
 
 lOI 
 
I02 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 openly and courageously the Saviour whom as 
 a little boy he had confessed before men. 
 
 ** John was one of the very best we had in 
 every w^ay," says the secretary of the class; 
 " and no one was held in higher regard by the 
 class as a whole. Every one knew him as a 
 fine, pure, strong, able man, whose life always 
 measured up to his Christian profession. Per- 
 sonally, I have never known a man who so 
 successfully exemplified in his everyday life 
 the principles and the ideals for which he 
 stood. Always interested in and pushing the 
 best things with all his strength, he came 
 gradually stronger and stronger before his as- 
 sociates, until, as you know, after graduation, 
 it was John that we turned to in any class af- 
 fairs that we wanted attended to with care and 
 conscientiousness. From the first, a thor- 
 oughly Christian gentleman, he gradu- 
 ally showed us all, that we could hold our 
 principles and still retain the regard of our 
 fellow-men, that it was better to be right than 
 merely popular; and by this attitude he gained 
 the highest degree of popularity." 
 
 After graduation from college, he entered 
 the office of the American Locomotive Com- 
 pany. He bore himself there also as a Chris- 
 tian man holding Christian principles, and 
 fearlessly discharging Christian duties. The 
 comptroller of the company wrote of him: 
 
iTwo Short Great Lives of Fidelity 103 
 
 " It is a pleasure to write of the remarkable 
 influence exerted by John Rogers during his 
 brief business life of four years. He was in 
 my employ for about two years and a half. 
 With him were about sixty other men; some 
 of them older and of longer business experi- 
 ence, and some younger. Quite a number 
 were college men from Princeton, Yale, Will- 
 iams, Dartmouth, and a number of other col- 
 leges. Quite a few were not collegians, and 
 some were fellows from country homes, board- 
 ing in and about New York City. 
 
 '' When the death of John Rogers was an- 
 nounced in my office the effect was simply stun- 
 ning — our men were overwhelmed. We all 
 felt as though a personal calamity had be- 
 fallen us. Man after man came forward, 
 either to me or to my assistant, and told what 
 his association with John Rogers had meant 
 to him. 
 
 '' One of my leading men said that John 
 came as near to furnishing a pattern and an 
 ideal as any man he had ever met; another 
 said with broken voice, ' You never could be 
 near John Rogers for any length of time with- 
 out feeling like a better man.' Several told 
 us that he had been the means of considerable 
 change in their personal habits. One young 
 man said : ' I either had to give up swearing 
 and drinking and other bad habits, or else get 
 out of the office. Even though he did not 
 say much about it, a fellow simply could not 
 associate with John Rogers in close contact 
 and keep up evil practices.' Several have said 
 
I04 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 to me that it was impossible not to feel a dis- 
 tinct impulse toward better things when one 
 lived and worked with John, * because he had 
 such an inbred contempt for anything that 
 was crooked or dirty.' " 
 
 Upon going to New York, John Rogers at 
 once identified himself with the work of the 
 Church. There is a leakage in the Christian 
 life of our land between college and business 
 life. Men who have been active in Christian 
 work in college days drop out when they enter 
 business, but John Rogers was not that kind. 
 He joined the Fifth Avenue Church, and he 
 joined as a worker. He became president of 
 the Young People's Association and took up 
 work among the boys on the East Side, nor 
 was it perfunctory work. He took a real in- 
 terest in the boys, following them up outside, 
 and helping them to rise to higher lives. 
 
 From the American Locomotive Com- 
 pany, he went to a firm of bankers and brokers 
 well known in the city. Flis work was so ex- 
 ceptionally faithful and efficient that he was 
 rapidly advancing to a position of great re- 
 sponsibility and influence when he laid down 
 all his work here and took up higher work in 
 the land where work is no more laid down. 
 He had married and gone to Englewood to set 
 up his home; everything was perfect — love and 
 
Two Short Great Lives of Fidelity 105 
 
 usefulness, friends and work were filling his 
 life with the best and highest things — and then 
 came the swift, tragic end. 
 
 " It was a divine going home," said his 
 former pastor. Dr. Davis, of New Britain. 
 '' Prayer was its spirit, and happiness was its 
 w^atchword. It was all as fearless as the act 
 by w^hich a child would follow its father out 
 for a walk together in the spring woods and 
 the May sunshine. Truly the great preacher 
 was right when he said that the proof of the 
 faith of Christ was the way in which those 
 who held it passed onward into the silent land. 
 This is the glory and power of the modern 
 saint. He lives in the world and in the very 
 midst of men; but his spirit keeps its watch 
 with Christ ofttimes on the mountains of devo- 
 tion. The words keep coming back to me as 
 I recall what has been told of the room where 
 this brave young knight of Christ won his last 
 battle. ' Pray ' and ' Be happy.' Communion 
 and joy ! Do not these gather up the mightiest 
 forces and richest experiences of our spiritual 
 life, after all? Thank God for that last mes- 
 sage from his lips." 
 
 This picture is no unreal picture of an 
 imagined life. What John Rogers appears to 
 have been, he was. His college classmates 
 were not deceived about him, and a committee 
 of the class testified : 
 
io6 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 '' For the second time in four months the 
 Class of 'oi mourns the loss of one of its 
 strongest and ablest men. John Rogers rep- 
 resented from every standpoint the best that 
 the class possessed. In him were united the 
 qualities of strength and purity, coupled with 
 great natural ability, in a degree and to an ex- 
 tent rarely existing in any one person. His 
 strong principles, high ideals, and rugged hon- 
 esty bespoke his Puritan ancestry and were an 
 ever-present factor in his daily life. His love 
 and enthusiasm for his university and his class 
 were unbounded, and the labour he performed 
 in countless ways on behalf of each can never 
 be wholly reckoned. He never missed a class 
 reunion, and frequently sacrificed other per- 
 sonal interests in order to attend, even though 
 the greater part of his time on such occa- 
 sions was taken up by labour of one kind or 
 another on behalf of the class. His faithful- 
 ness and reliability rendered him constantly in 
 demand for service of every character, and 
 each task was invariably performed with an 
 ability and thoroughness which left nothing to 
 be desired. The class mourns him as one of 
 its picked men whom it has delighted to re- 
 gard as representative and whom, least of all, 
 it could afford to lose." 
 
 Nor could the world afiford to lose such men, 
 were it not that God has larger use for them 
 elsewhere. 
 
 " For the second time," said the class com- 
 
Two Short Great Lives of Fidelity 107 
 
 mittee, regarding John Rogers' death. The 
 first time was only four months before, and 
 the other man was Harold Arthur Watres, the 
 oldest son of Colonel Watres of Scranton, 
 Pennsylvania. He was born in Scranton 
 March 23, 1879. He went first to the public 
 schools of Scranton, where he lived as a boy 
 his high and irreproachable life. One of his 
 classmates in those days, who knew the boy 
 better than did most of his other friends, spoke 
 after Harold's death of the schoolboy years, 
 and of what he had been in them : 
 
 " It is a long time since Harold Watres and 
 myself were sent by the public schools of 
 Scranton to a neighboring city to meet the 
 juvenile orators of that town in deadly debate. 
 We occupied the same seat in school, and we 
 took our diplomas together, he being saluta- 
 torian of my class ; and from that day even 
 to this hour, there has been no time that I did 
 not enjoy the beneficent influence of his friend- 
 ship and good will, and even while he lay dead 
 in Englewood, there came to my desk from a 
 distant city, a letter intrusting to me a legal 
 task on the recommendation of Harold 
 Watres. 
 
 " It requires no subtle analysis to depict the 
 character of Harold A. Watres, for simplicity 
 is always found among those virtues which 
 make a man really great; and what, even 
 casual, acquaintance of Harold Watres had 
 
io8 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 failed to note that the golden threads of hon- 
 estry, lo3^alty, and charity were woven in the 
 woof and fibre of his life? He deserved no 
 particular credit for being a true gentleman, 
 because it was natural and instinctive. His 
 every act was clothed Avith a sub-conscious 
 grace and courtesy that became the average 
 person's initial impression of him. He was al- 
 most too gentle and reserved, and yet, where 
 a principle was involved, he defended it with 
 a flash and fire that stood out lurid against his 
 usually calm and quiet disposition. I very 
 well recall his spirited opposition, as a mere 
 boy, to certain partisan doctrines set forth in a 
 Political Economy then in use in the Scranton 
 High School. And it was that very incident 
 that immediately inspired the discussion of the 
 subject in the public prints of this city and re- 
 sulted in the textbook being supplanted by a 
 non-partisan one. It was then that I learned 
 that the gentle hand of Harold Watre? could 
 be a firm and heavy one." 
 
 From his earliest childhood he was a Chris- 
 tian boy and one of the most active members 
 of a boys' missionary society In the Second 
 Presbyterian Church of Scranton. The leader 
 of this band loves to recall the impression he 
 made when he first came as a winning, high- 
 minded boy with a " power of thinking." He 
 was one of the kind to be absolutely relied 
 upon. 
 
Two Short Great Lives of Fidelity 109 
 
 *' To the spiritual side of the subject," writes 
 she, '' his nature, with rare intuition, strongly 
 responded. His felicitous utterance and his 
 devout spirit united to make his prayer for 
 the objects of the organization singularly im- 
 pressive, while on the social side of the life 
 of the Band — in our delightful banquets, for 
 instance — his exquisite wit, his poetic fancy, 
 and dramatic power were simply charming. 
 With all his gifts, he was not in the least er- 
 ratic, but thoroughly dependable, and from his 
 earliest boyhood, he was always the thought- 
 ful, considerate gentleman, a youthful Bayard, 
 without fear and without reproach." 
 
 In 1897 he went to Princeton University, in 
 the class of 1901, and was graduated with 
 honour. In college, he entered enthusiastic- 
 ally upon all its interests. He was president 
 of the college dramatic association known as 
 the '' Triangle Club," and, as the class testified 
 after his death, he was one of its best-beloved 
 and strongest members. 
 
 '* He combined with many splendid charac- 
 teristics a charm of personality and a warmth 
 of interest which won for him the lasting af- 
 fection of his friends. He w^as a man of 
 strong principles, exemplary habits, and 
 marked ability. Unfailingly enthusiastic in all 
 matters affecting the class and the university, 
 he was ever ready to perform any helpful 
 service with characteristic efficiency." 
 
no Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 After graduation from college, he studied 
 law in the Universities of Pennsylvania and 
 Columbia, and travelled abroad. On January 
 4, 1904, he was admitted to the bar of Lacka- 
 wanna County, Pennsylvania, and, immedi- 
 ately after, offered himself also for admission 
 to practise before the Superior and Supreme 
 Courts. One of the older members of the 
 Lackawanna bar said at the memorial service 
 after Harold's death: 
 
 " Being a member of the examining board 
 at the time Mr. Watres was admitted to the 
 bar, I happen to know that his papers at- 
 tracted the attention of the committee for the 
 clearness with which he stated his answers to 
 the examination cjuestions. After he had 
 been admitted to the local bar he said to me 
 that he did not desire to wait for two years, 
 the time prescribed, before he was admitted 
 to the Supreme Court, and asked me when the 
 State Board of Examiners met for the next ex- 
 amination. I told him it was within ten days, 
 and I asked him if he had made any immediate 
 preparation for the examination, and he said 
 he had not. I remarked that the examination 
 was a little severe, and we talked the matter 
 over in a general way, and I saw that he was 
 strong in his desire to be admitted to the Su- 
 preme Court. While he realized the diffi- 
 culty of the examination, he had every con- 
 fidence in his ability to pass it. I think it is 
 
Two Short Great Lives of Fidelity iii 
 
 worthy of note that while there were eight 
 applicants at Wilkes Barre at that time, for 
 admission to the Supreme Court, Harold 
 Watres was the only one who successfully 
 passed." 
 
 The strong, upright life, so full of prom- 
 ise, so needed for the work it was able to do, 
 had no long time to wait, however. On Sep- 
 tember i6, 1905, he passed away. None but 
 his closest friends knew of the grave illness 
 from which he had been suffering. No word 
 of personal sorrow or pain passed his lips. 
 With quiet and joyful courage he accepted 
 God's will and laid down his work here for his 
 greater work above. 
 
 Of how many young men can such state- 
 ments be made as were made of him by vari- 
 ous men at the memorial meeting of the Lacka- 
 wanna bar on the day of his funeral? 
 
 " He depended upon no favourable circum- 
 stances; but, like many other of our young 
 men, he was one of those who are willing to 
 burn the midnight oil. He was persuasive; he 
 was persevering; he studied with method; he 
 studied carefully; and when he appeared be- 
 fore the Court he was always prepared. His 
 briefs were models of clearness and fulness, 
 and I know that I express the united admira- 
 tion of the bench when I say that certainly 
 there was no young man the superior of Har- 
 
112 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 old A. Watres at the bar, when we consider the 
 faithfulness with which he engaged in the 
 arduous duties of his profession. 
 
 " He was in every relation of life a true 
 Christian gentleman. He had a cast of mind 
 eminently practical, but accurate with conclu- 
 sions, and had he lived, I am sure he would 
 have taken high rank in the legal fraternity 
 of the Commonwealth. Quiet and unobtru- 
 sive in his manner, exceedingly affectionate, 
 he was, indeed, a most loyal friend. 
 
 " He presumed nothing upon the prestige of 
 his distinguished father's official and business 
 career, but sought only to win success upon his 
 own merits. Kind, considerate, and unassum- 
 ing, he was universally liked and respected. 
 
 '' Harold Watres was a man of lofty ideals, 
 of great courage, and absolute integrity. 
 When he came into our office there was no part 
 of the work which was disdained by him ; the 
 examination of titles and the most minute 
 details received his most careful attention, and 
 in everything he undertook he w^as earnest, 
 he was honest, and he was true. 
 
 " His well-trained mind, upright character, 
 unfailing courtesy, and devotion to his pro- 
 fession, all bespoke for him the eminent posi- 
 tion which he might have commanded had his 
 life been spared." 
 
 " Personally," said the secretary of his col- 
 lege class, '' I have never known a cleaner, 
 purer, more lovable friend." 
 
Two Short Great Lives of Fidelity 113 
 
 Why are young men so fooHsh that often 
 everything else is worth more to them than 
 such characters as these two men possessed? 
 Why will they acquire weak hahits and do 
 unworthy things when men can be such men 
 as Harold Watres and John Rogers if they 
 will? 
 
VIII 
 WALLACE SOMERVILLE FARIS 
 
 IN 1907 a great famine in the province 
 of Kiang-An in China brought suffering 
 and death to thousands of Chinese coun- 
 try people. Floods had destroyed the crops, 
 and, in many cases, the homes of the people. 
 Hundreds of thousands fled southward or 
 gathered about cities like Tsing-kiang-fu and, 
 crowded together outside the city walls, 
 awaited the slow but inevitable end. Chris- 
 tendom, as always, as soon as the facts were 
 known, poured out great sums for relief of 
 the starving. The only available and capable 
 distributors of the relief were the missionaries, 
 and from North and South men offered them- 
 selves for the work. Among those who came 
 to the famine relief were the Rev. John Reese 
 Jones, a young missionary from Nanking, and 
 the Rev. Wallace S. Paris, who had been in 
 China eleven years, from Ihsien station, in 
 the province of Shantung, and both of these 
 
 went home from the work of relief distribu- 
 
 114 
 
Wallace Somerville Paris 115 
 
 tion with sicknesses contracted in the work, 
 from which they did not recover. Like other 
 missionaries before them in China and other 
 lands, they quietly and uncomplainingly laid 
 down their lives in the unadvertised perform- 
 ance of their duty. 
 
 Wallace Somerville Paris was born in Chi- 
 cago, May 15, 1869. He was a frail and del- 
 icate baby, but a summer spent on an uncle's 
 farm, named Sunnyside, in Illinois, brought 
 strength and vigour to him. Later he came 
 back to Sunnyside, when he was nine years 
 old. 
 
 " The sterling traits of character which so 
 distinguished his youth and manhood," says 
 his uncle, " were noticeable then. He was not 
 brilliant as a student, and he had to dig for 
 what he got. I remember how faithful and 
 painstaking he was in his studies, and how 
 honest in his recitations. He was just as 
 faithful and honest in doing the homely every- 
 day tasks about the house. It was a matter 
 of conscience with him to ' do with all his 
 might whatsoever his hands found to do.' He 
 didn't shirk and he didn't sulk, when things 
 did not go his way. I could always rely upon 
 him. He was by no means a ' goody good ' 
 boy. He often got into boyish scrapes, and 
 he was duly and promptly punished therefor 
 by his grandmother. But he never lied to 
 save himself. I was in The Talk office when 
 
ii6 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 Wallace began work there first as ' Devi),' and 
 later while he was learning to set type. I 
 saw him almost every day, and his work was 
 characterized by the faithfulness of his earlier 
 years. He did it with all his might. As I 
 think of him at that time, the thing that im- 
 presses me most is his loyalty to his parents 
 and obedience to their commands. At that 
 age many boys think it manly to disobey now 
 and then. Neither the example nor the per- 
 suasion nor the jibes of playmates moved Wal- 
 lace to disobedience. If, when he went to a 
 party, his father told him he must start home 
 at nine o'clock, he started at that hour, what- 
 ever happened. . . . He had good red blood 
 in his veins, and a goodly stock of strong pas- 
 sions, but these last he learned to control in 
 his youth. I have known many boys, but it 
 has never been my privilege to know one so 
 clean and pure and courageous as Wallace. 
 The helpful things in his life for young peo- 
 ple are, it seems to me, his truthfulness, faith- 
 fulness, helpfulness, and obedience. This is 
 stating it baldly and crudely. You ask me to 
 mention incidents in his life. I cannot do it. 
 I wish I could. But the truth is, that we who 
 knew him intimately early learned to expect 
 good things of Wallace, and the incidents that 
 brought out his good qualities were unnoted. 
 Like the everyday common mercies of God, we 
 accepted them as a matter of course." 
 
 As a boy he taught himself the lesson of 
 holding his speech. He w^as always perfectly 
 
Wallace Somerville Paris 117 
 
 straightforward and outspoken when it was 
 his duty to speak, but he would say nothing, 
 even as a boy, to annoy others or hurt their 
 feelings. He preferred to say what would en- 
 courage and cheer. 
 
 '' All who knew of his life — men, women, 
 and children — loved him. The common im- 
 pression of him was voiced one day by an old 
 lady, who, seeing him go by, said to a friend, 
 * Behold an Israelite, indeed, in whom is no 
 guile ! ' ' Make every allowance for the other 
 fellow, and none at all for yourself,' was the 
 advice given by him in after years to a friend 
 who was resenting a slight put upon him by 
 another. Thus, unwittingly, he put into 
 words what had been from iDoyhood days one 
 of the moving principles of his life." 
 
 In the academ}^, in college, and in seminary 
 he was an unobtrusive leader in religious work. 
 At fifteen he was instrumental in organizing 
 the Young Men's Christian Association at 
 Union Academy, Anna, Illinois, and if it had 
 not been for his inspiring faithfulness, the 
 society could not have been kept alive. Soon 
 after, in the home church, the Christian En- 
 deavour Society was organized, of which he 
 was a charter member. His work in this so- 
 ciety, backed by his life, is a tradition handed 
 down to those who to-day make up the society. 
 In the Sunday-school he was a teacher at six- 
 
Ii8 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 teen. It was his habit to visit his pupils, urg- 
 ing them to become Christians. While at col- 
 lege and seminary, and after he went to China, 
 he wrote letters to those who had not yet 
 united with the Church, continuing the pleas 
 that were blessed to the salvation of a number 
 of them. 
 
 The Rev. J. W. Stephens, of Park College, 
 co-principal of Union Academy, which Wal- 
 lace attended from 1883 to 1888, writes his 
 impression of the boy at that time : 
 
 '* At this period of his life, he was not 
 reckoned either by his father or by myself as 
 a brilliant boy. He was one of those boys 
 whose talents and abilities mature rather late 
 in life. He was known as an industrious, 
 plodding, faithful student, going steadily along 
 from day to day, whether he succeeded or not. 
 He may have been discouraged, but he never 
 stopped or complained. No doubt, he noticed 
 that some of his classmates surpassed him, but 
 he didn't blame his teachers for that. He just 
 went on faithfully plodding. He was a gen- 
 tleman in school, on the playground, street — 
 everywhere and always — never rude or cross or 
 forgetful, though possessed of and properly 
 maintaining a correct sense of his own per- 
 sonal dignity and knowledge of his rights. 
 His face and manner were kind, conciliator}^, 
 and gracious. As a Christian, he understood 
 that it was a part of his business to help build 
 
Wallace Somerville Faris 119 
 
 up the Kingdom where he then was, that is, 
 in school, among his classmates and other com- 
 panions. He expected to be a preacher, but he 
 didn't put off the time of active labours to 
 some remote future time. In ways utterly un- 
 obtrusive, he finally interested young men of 
 greater natural ability and power than he then 
 possessed in Y.M.C.A. work, and then on into 
 the Christian life. I remember being dis- 
 tinctly surprised at some of these results, not 
 having been aware of the means used. He 
 was certainly a peculiar example of reserve, 
 of manliness, of gravity, while still young. He 
 never played as much as I should have liked. 
 He differed decidedly from most boys in that 
 particular. Nevertheless, he was jolly, and 
 very companionable, and friendly to a degree. 
 Lastly, I set down this as a distinguishing 
 feature of his life, at that period, and an im- 
 pressive lesson to all boys and girls, men and 
 women: He lived out in the highly attractive 
 and influential fashion the simple Christian 
 life — cheerful, polite, industrious, helpful, 
 sympathetic, unobtrusive. He was a centre 
 of attraction, but he blew no horns. Time 
 and patience were given a chance to get in 
 their work. If he never had become a 
 preacher at home or abroad, in any walk of 
 life, he would have persuaded boys and girls 
 and people of any age or position to follow 
 him to Christ. So can we all." 
 
 Wallace took the first part of his college 
 course at Lake Forest College, near Chicago. 
 
I20 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 " I always think of him as a boy who com- 
 manded the respect and regard of everybody," 
 wrote Professor John J. Halsey of his early 
 college days. *' His purpose was high and 
 noble, his work in Lake Forest was conscien- 
 tious and of a high grade, and he won my re- 
 gard and esteem as few boys do. • He seemed 
 a consecrated spirit from the very first." He 
 made no noise or bluster, but did all things 
 with steady and dependable strength. *' As I 
 knew Wallace at Lake Forest," wrote a class- 
 mate, '' the greatest impression of his char- 
 acter upon me was through his quiet industry. 
 Whether it was studying Greek or whatever it 
 might be, there was, as I remember him, a 
 quiet sort of reserve that w^as yet stirring al- 
 w^ays below the surface." For the last two 
 years of his college course Wallace went to 
 Leland Stanford, Jr., University. It was at 
 the very beginning of the university's ex- 
 istence. A member of the same fraternity 
 with him there writes of the kind of man he 
 showed himself to be: 
 
 " This procrastination in letter writing of 
 which I am guilty, recalls, by contrast, one of 
 Wallace's characteristics, i.e., his faithfulness 
 to duty and to his friends. Wallace met every 
 engagement, and did his full duty on time. 
 In our Fraternity, Phi Delta Theta, he was 
 
Wallace Somerville Paris 121 
 
 frequently assigned special missions, and never 
 failed to make a satisfactory report at the ap- 
 pointed time. His friends frequently appealed 
 to him for help or advice. His own v^ork was 
 immediately set aside, until the friend could be 
 cared for. He was faithful in school-day af- 
 fairs, small wonder that he later met larger re- 
 sponsibilities. My associations with Wallace 
 were in the home, the Chapter house, and not 
 in the classroom, so I testify to his manhood, 
 not to his scholarship, which, however, I have 
 reason to believe was of a very high order. 
 The two years that Wallace attended Leland 
 Stanford, Jr., University, he having entered 
 as an upper classman, were the first two years 
 of the institution's existence, and also the first 
 two years of our Fraternity's chapter-house 
 experience. Hence the}^ were years of or- 
 ganizing and of precedent setting. Wallace 
 was a power for good in the different councils 
 and committees. His sanity, his conservatism, 
 and his high ideals prevented many a childish 
 error. Most of his co-labourers were im- 
 petuous, all-wise, all-powerful freshmen and 
 sophomores (as the lower classes in a brand- 
 new college were naturally the larger), thus 
 making his task more trying; but amid the 
 trials of construction under such conditions, 
 Wallace was never known to have lost his 
 equipoise, never swerved from the right course 
 as he saw it, but accepted temporary defeat 
 with the same grace that he accepted victory, 
 apparently believing that all would be well in 
 the end. He was one of the chief organizers 
 
122 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 of the Christian Association at Stanford, and 
 was probably the most faithful and consistent 
 member, devoting to the association and its 
 branches almost as much time and attention as 
 to his classroom work. 
 
 " He lived his Christianity. His Fraternity 
 brothers who saw him in his work and in his 
 recreation, who knew him when he was tired 
 and worn as well as when refreshed and in 
 light spirits, his Fraternity brothers who 
 tempted him, who joked him, who ate 
 and slept with him, these men who knew 
 him in sickness and in health, could 
 find no fault in his Christianity, though 
 some of them were inclined to scoff, and 
 hence watched carefully. He was never found 
 wanting. His consistency gave many of his 
 well-meaning but weaker friends unpleasant 
 experiences with their conscience, but Wal- 
 lace never seemed conscious of his virtues, 
 and never assumed the ' holier than thou ' atti- 
 tude. Wallace Faris was respected and loved 
 by every Stanford man who knew him. Many 
 a life was made more useful and better be- 
 cause of his influence." 
 
 Wallace took his theological course at 
 Princeton Theological Seminary, where he 
 was graduated in 1896, offering himself at 
 once to the Presbyterian Board of Foreign 
 Missions for appointment as a missionary to 
 Mexico, South America, or China. '' In this 
 order/' he wrote. " However, I stand ready 
 
Wallace Somerville Paris 123 
 
 to go to any field to which the Board may see 
 fit to assign me." 
 
 " I realize the pressing needs of the foreign 
 field," he said in explanation of his motive for 
 going, " and appreciate the fact that many of 
 those who would go are unavoidably detained ; 
 whereas, so far as I now see, there is no such 
 hindrance in my case. It, therefore, seems to 
 be my duty to offer myself for this work. I 
 am not a ready extemporaneous speaker, nor 
 am I gifted in the acquisition of a strange lan- 
 guage, but I habitually have robust health, and 
 I am not averse to hard work." 
 
 In writing to the Board regarding his quali- 
 fications, his father said: '' I have met few if 
 any others who so readily adapt themselves to 
 assigned tasks." '' He is a very uncommon 
 young man," wrote one of his seminary pro- 
 fessors. " He is an indefatigable worker, a 
 thorough scholar, a great favourite with the 
 students, a man of fine tact and good ex- 
 ecutive ability, and one who has to no un- 
 usual degree the gift of getting along with 
 people and doing his work without friction." 
 This was the enthusiastic way of putting it. 
 Another professor wrote more quietly : *' He 
 has shown all good fidelity, and while not the 
 leading man of his class in scholarship, is well 
 above the average. He is well balanced, his 
 
124 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 piety and learning being both of good order. 
 He commands the respect of his classmates." 
 The Board at once appointed him, rejoiced 
 to get so good and humble and skilled a man, 
 and he sailed with his wife for China in the 
 fall of 1896, arriving in the province of Shan- 
 tung in November. 
 
 '' It fell to my lot," wrote the Rev. W. P. 
 Chalfant of Ichowfu, China, '* to act as escort 
 to him and his wife when they arrived in Shan- 
 tung in November, 1896. I well remember 
 when I first saw them at the small city of T'ai 
 Erh Chwang, the nearest point on the Grand 
 Canal to Ichowfu. Up to that point they had 
 been escorted by Mr. R. H. Bent and his wife. 
 It was a dismal, cold, rainy day when we set 
 foot upon the slimy steps of the stone stairway 
 at the landing, and, running the gauntlet of 
 the curious gazers upon the street, took refuge 
 in a semi- foreign house that had recently been 
 deserted by a sister Mission. We had sixty 
 miles to traverse, and our means of travel was 
 the two-man barrow. Having loaded the bar- 
 rows, and disposed the newcomers one upon 
 each side of their vehicle, we set out upon the 
 exceedingly muddy pathway which stands for 
 a road. We were nearly all that day making 
 ten miles, and then we brought up in what I 
 can truthfully say was about the worst inn I 
 have ever attempted to put up in. The full 
 force of that statement can only be felt by 
 those who know southern Shantung. A large 
 
Wallace Somerville Faris 125 
 
 part of the small court was an open cesspool, 
 and the remainder was an expanse of black 
 mud mixed with manure. The room had no 
 door, and the floor was damp, not to say wet, 
 earth. There was not a vestige of chair, table, 
 bed, or any other article of native furniture. 
 In a word, it was, to use the picturesque lan- 
 guage of the day, ' the limit.' In that hovel 
 I was compelled to ask this young gentleman 
 and lady, fresh from the amenities of home 
 life, and used only to the comparative com- 
 forts of boat travel, to spend the night. I was 
 struck, then, with a salient characteristic of 
 Mr. Faris's character, namely, with his capacity 
 to endure hardship without losing his equa- 
 nimity. He seems to have early learned the 
 lesson to be content with ' whatever lot ' fell 
 to him. On the second day, as we were toiling 
 along through the mud, I saw that Mrs. Faris 
 was nervous lest the barrow, balanced upon its 
 single wheel, should upset. I hastened to as- 
 sure her that such an accident never happened, 
 and that she could rest easy upon that point. 
 Not long after I heard a noise behind me, and 
 turned just in time to see my unfortunate 
 guests hurled into the mud from the over- 
 turned barrow ! " 
 
 Though hardships came, they were mere 
 irrelevant details in his eyes. 
 
 " When Wallace wrote from China," says 
 his brother, '* we looked in vain for references 
 to hardship. Others might write of those 
 
126 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 things — he said nothing. A reader of his let- 
 ters would infer that China was the most de- 
 lightful place of residence in the world. We 
 wrote questions, asking of some of the hard 
 conditions of which we had heard; the ques- 
 tions remained unanswered. When he was at 
 home on furlough we tried again. Invariably, 
 however, he would turn the conversation as 
 soon as possible, giving us no satisfaction as to 
 the subject of inquiry. But we had the greater 
 satisfaction of seeing that he was so devoted to 
 his Master's service that he was blind to the 
 petty difficulties incident to his life of a mis- 
 sionary in a city far from the railway or the 
 canal." 
 
 For the next eight years Mr. and Mrs. Faris 
 worked at Ichowfu, but not uninterruptedly. 
 At the time he reached China the Boxer storm 
 was already gathering, and in 1900 it broke in 
 all its fury. The Farises and all the other 
 missionaries in Shantung were ordered out by 
 the Consul-General at Chef 00. The ports 
 were crowded with the refugees, and Wallace 
 and his wife went over to Japan, until the 
 storm was past. As soon as possible after the 
 reestablishment of order, they returned to 
 Ichowfu, arriving May 4, 1901. ''The en- 
 tire responsibility of the work of the station, 
 and that at a time when everything was seeth- 
 ing with excitement and change, fell upon the 
 shoulders of Mr. Faris. He bore up nobly 
 
Wallace Somerville Paris 127 
 
 under it, and the wisdom and thoroughness 
 with which he dealt with the trying situation 
 are in evidence to-day. In fact, it was the 
 ability with which he met that situation that 
 pointed him out as the logical candidate for 
 the position as ' leader ' in the new station at 
 Ihsien." 
 
 Before these new responsibilities came, how- 
 ever, he returned for a year's furlough in 
 America, coming by way of Europe, and 
 reaching New York in January. While at 
 home the plans for opening the new station at 
 Ihsien were developed, and new men were 
 picked out to be associated with him in it. 
 Meanwhile, however, the massacre at Lien 
 Chow, in South China, had alarmed many 
 friends at home, and no one could be sure of 
 what the future would bring forth. In his 
 cautious way he was seriously thoughtful as 
 to his duty. 
 
 " What do you think about the present 
 agitation in China ? " he wrote to the Board. 
 ** As far as I myself am concerned, it makes 
 little difference whether China is disturbed 
 or not, whether she is anxious to kill all for- 
 eigners or not; my work is there, and I am 
 anxious to get back to it as soon as possible. 
 At the same time, I do not like to take Mrs. 
 Faris into a dangerous country, although she 
 is not alone willing, but also anxious to go at 
 
128 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 once. However, there is the question of our 
 relatives — is it fair to them to have us go 
 toward what they consider as the gravest 
 danger ? It is for this reason especially that I 
 should like to know your own opinion of the 
 situation. Does the Board deem it grave 
 enough to make it go slow about any exten- 
 sion of existing work? As you may imagine, 
 I have not spoken of this without first think- 
 ing of it much and praying over it. But the 
 accounts which come to us daily are so dis- 
 quieting that I have felt impelled at last to 
 write you in this strain." 
 
 In less than three weeks, however, he wrote 
 of his purpose to go back at once to China, 
 leaving Mrs. Faris, whose mother was ill, to 
 follow a little later. " It is not easy," he 
 added, *' for either one of us to do as I have 
 indicated we are doing. But God never re- 
 quires anything of us for which He does not 
 give the strength." 
 
 On April 4 he reached Ichowfu. 
 
 " In China," he wrote, " things seem much 
 as when Mrs. Faris and I left eighteen months 
 ago. There has been comparatively little 
 change in the things which belong to the 
 church. But as regards temporal things, the 
 case is different. China is truly awakening 
 from the sleep of ages. She is adopting for- 
 eign things with a rapidity that makes one's 
 head swim. Her haste in this matter is, per- 
 
Wallace Somervllle Paris 129 
 
 haps, what gives many observers (on the other 
 side of the water!) an idea that China is on 
 the eve of a bloody revolution, when an at- 
 tempt will be made to drive out the foreigner. 
 In five days I start on my initial trip to Ihsien." 
 
 This same year the new station was oc- 
 cupied. Mr. Paris wrote the first report in 
 September. 
 
 " Prescott tells us," he writes, " of the won- 
 der and amazement of Hernando Cortez as 
 from a neighbouring mountain-top he gazed on 
 the City of Mexico and the adjacent country. 
 The beauty of the scene enthralled him. It 
 was as though a bit of Switzerland were trans- 
 planted in America. In like manner, he who 
 surveys the city of Ihsien from the top of the 
 surrounding mountain heights cannot but re- 
 mark on the surpassing beauty of the situa- 
 tion. Take your stand on the neighbouring 
 Coal Mountain, and you get an excellent 
 bird's-eye view of the city. As it lies four- 
 square in a setting of the eternal hills, it re- 
 minds one of a gem of more than ordinary 
 brilliance. Closer inspection, however, some- 
 what dispels the illusion. Por Ihsien is 
 nothing more nor less than a Chinese city. In 
 it there are some good brick' business houses; 
 yet the majority of the buildings are of mud, 
 each with its roof of straw. The city is dis- 
 tinguished by an unusually large number of 
 memorial arches, and by the aloofness of many 
 of its inhabitants. For the most part, these 
 
130 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 people would be happier if the foreigner re- 
 mained away. It is a noteworthy fact that 
 some of the finest buildings of the Ihsien 
 district are found outside the city. There are 
 a number of rich farmers in the region, and, 
 as a rule, they occupy strong, castle-like struc- 
 tures. The natural beauty of the country, 
 with mountain and valley and stream in pic- 
 turesque confusion, is enhanced by these build- 
 ings. At the same time, their fortress-like 
 appearance reminds one that thieves and high- 
 waymen abound, and that the rich are safest 
 when behind strong walls. The situation of 
 the city compares very favourably with that 
 of any other mission station in the province. 
 The line of the hymn comes unbidden to one's 
 thoughts, ' Where every prospect pleases.' It 
 is not long, however, before the realization 
 comes home that the second phrase is also ap- 
 plicable : ' and only man is vile.' Opium-smok- 
 ing and attendant evils are found in Ihsien. 
 As to that, indeed, in what Chinese city is such 
 not the case? " 
 
 Mr. Faris was not to live to share in the 
 fuller harvest. In the winter and spring of 
 1906-07 a great famine prevailed in the region 
 south of Ihsien, and Mr. Faris went down to 
 help in the distribution of famine relief. There 
 the pressure of work was so great that he 
 literally took no time so much as to eat. After 
 four weeks of ceaseless toil, he began to suffer 
 from severe abdominal pain, and rode back 
 
Wallace Somerville Faris 131 
 
 to Ihsien in almost unbearable agony. The 
 doctors did all they could do for him, but the 
 intestinal stricture from which he was suffer- 
 ing was beyond their reach, and he was too 
 weak for an operation. When he was told 
 that the end was near, he recited the Twenty- 
 third Psalm with his wife, and quietly added, 
 '' I would like to repeat other Psalms, but the 
 time is too short." Then he sent his mother a 
 message, '^ and tell each member of the fam- 
 ily that though I had not time to send an in- 
 dividual message I thought of each one." 
 Then he fell asleep and passed beyond all pain. 
 ** It was the most triumphant death I ever wit- 
 nessed," said one of the attending physicians. 
 '' He seemed to think no more of the change 
 than would have been the case if he had re- 
 ceived a transfer to another station." 
 
 The Chinese mourned him sincerely. The 
 head of the Mohammedans at T'ai Ehr 
 Chwang, a place twenty miles south on the 
 Grand Canal, sent word that he would like to 
 erect the tablet at the grave, or he would erect 
 one just north of T'ai Ehr Chwang. The Gov- 
 ernor of the province at Tsinanfu was deeply 
 impressed by the fact that four people gave up 
 their lives in the relief work and ordered the 
 Ihsien magistrate to put up a '' per " or memo- 
 rial to Mr. Faris. 
 
132 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 But his memorial was already set up in the 
 hearts of those who had known him, and who 
 recall still the qualities of his service, modest, 
 humble-spirited, painstaking, and unselfish 
 spirit. 
 
 *' I feel like mentioning two chief charac- 
 teristics," writes Mr, Chalfant, " his conscien- 
 tiousness and his earnestness. If he thought 
 that he ought to do a thing he straightway- 
 proceeded to do it at whatever cost to himself. 
 It is this characteristic that enables God to 
 repose confidence in men. They stand, 
 morally, upon their own bottom. They will 
 not betray their trust. Mr. Faris would take 
 no end of trouble over every little affair that 
 came up in his work, so much so that I con- 
 fess that I used to advise him to take things 
 just a little bit easier! I have not the least 
 doubt that this characteristic partly accounts 
 for his collapse in the famine work. Closely 
 allied to this conscientiousness was his earnest- 
 ness. He had a keen sense of humour, but he 
 took a very serious view of his work. He was 
 entirely in earnest in doing it, and the result 
 was seen in many ways. He was a man of 
 deep feeling, and I have often seen his eyes fill 
 with tears as he told of the efforts to keep 
 erring Christians on the right track that had 
 proved abortive. He was exceedingly humble 
 withal. He often said that he felt that * some 
 one else might have done it better.' He had 
 a naturally hot temper, and one of the pleas- 
 
Wallace Somerville Faris 133 
 
 ing things about him was the way in which 
 he held it in check." 
 
 " He was a pure, manly, and modest Chris- 
 tian," writes the Rev. R. M. Mateer. '' He 
 had a lofty, fragrant, and ever-abiding pur- 
 pose to glorify his Lord, which was easily 
 manifested in his daily life. This consecra- 
 tion was rooted in and nourished by strong 
 convictions concerning the great truths of the 
 Bible that were handed down from a godly an- 
 cestry. This famine, from which he was 
 taken, was simply an illustration of his whole 
 missionary life, which merited the Master's ' I 
 was hungry and ye fed Me.' " *' I have never 
 seen one look or word," says the Rev. H. W. 
 Luce, '' which seemed to indicate that he was 
 not fitted for the Kingdom of God, not only 
 in its earthly form, but in its purer form 
 above." *' All the experiences of missionary 
 life he went through without disturbing, so far 
 as we could see," writes another, " the native 
 sweetness of his disposition or leading him to 
 forget the command to * honour all men and 
 love the brethren.' " 
 
 " No one ever thought of asking," says an- 
 other friend, " how Faris stood on any ques- 
 tion of honour, purity, love for Christ and His 
 cause, and for his fellow-students, and for- 
 
134 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 bearance and charity in view of their faults. 
 So stainless was his character that it might 
 well have been said of him, * Behold, an Is- 
 raelite indeed, in whom is no guile ! ' I am 
 sure that Jesus might have said that of Wal- 
 lace as truly as of Nathanael. Yet withal he 
 was humble, and never dreamed of putting 
 himself on a pedestal above his fellows. He 
 had no harsh judgment for their shortcomings. 
 Although these were often glaring enough, I 
 have sometimes wondered whether he saw 
 them. Suspicion was foreign to his nature." 
 
 " He was a man whom I very much 
 esteemed," says Mr. Fowler, the American 
 Consul-General at Chefoo, '' and I was proud 
 of his friendship for me. I always remem- 
 bered his kindly manner, his intense devotion 
 to his calling, and the many, many courtesies 
 I have received from him." 
 
 " His whole life," wrote the pastor of the 
 church at Anna, Illinois, where he spent his 
 boyhood, '' has been one tremendous witness 
 for Jesus, and I have heard expressions from 
 men to-day showing that even a boy's con- 
 sistency impresses itself upon older people. I 
 do not say it because he has gone from us, but 
 because it is true, — he is the only man I have 
 heard talked of in this community about whom 
 I have not heard a single word of criticism or 
 censure. I am not speaking of the conversa- 
 tions of yesterday and to-day, but the dozens 
 
Wallace Somerville Faris 135 
 
 of informal chats I have had with all kinds 
 of people in the past. I do not mean to say 
 he was perfect, but I really think he was as 
 near perfection as we may find here on earth. 
 He has left a great heritage to this community 
 in his influence for righteousness." 
 
 What life can be richer or more joyful than 
 such a life? The struggle was there, the con- 
 flict with sin and the effort for achievement. 
 And the peace was there, the deep peace of 
 selfless love of God and men, the calm peace 
 of the lowly and ministering heart. What is 
 there in life better or more blessed than this 
 struggle and this peace? 
 
IX 
 
 PETER CARTER— '' SON OF 
 CONSOLATION " 
 
 OUTSIDE of the circle of his own 
 friends and acquaintances, few were 
 aware how great a soul had passed 
 in the death of Peter Carter at Bloom- 
 field, New Jersey, on Monday, March 19, 1900. 
 But those who knew him, and who loved the 
 dear old man with his radiant face and his 
 overflowing heart, were sensible of a great loss, 
 and knew that his home-coming was greeted 
 with joy by the angels. He was the kind of 
 man who is the best proof of the truth of 
 Christianity and the power of Christ. No one 
 ever saw an inconsistency or insincerity or mis- 
 deed in him, and he could not be with any one 
 without soon bubbling over in his beaming love 
 of Christ and his unselfish love of men. 
 
 Seventy years ago Peter Carter was an office 
 boy in the Presbyterian Board of Foreign 
 Missions, when its offices were at 23 Centre 
 Street, New York City. He had come over to 
 the United States from Scotland with his par- 
 ents and brothers and sisters in 1832. The 
 
 136 
 
Peter Carter — " Son of Consolation " 137 
 
 family settled in Saratoga County, New York, 
 and Peter soon began work in New York City, 
 where his brother Robert was already in the 
 publishing business. In Scotland they had been 
 weavers in Earlston, their cottage having six 
 looms worked by the father, his two eldest 
 sons, and hired helpers. It was a true Chris- 
 tian home of the best sort found in Scot- 
 land. " The minister went from house to 
 house duly examining the children in their 
 knowledge of the Scriptures and the Cate- 
 chism, and it has been said that if, at nine 
 o'clock at night, one had gone through the 
 village, he would have heard the sound of 
 psalm singing, and prayer, and reading of the 
 Word of God in every house, so general was 
 the custom of family worship." 
 
 Thomas Carter, the father, was an active 
 Christian man in his new home in America, as 
 he had been in his old in Scotland, and was 
 an earnest advocate of total abstinence and a 
 strong anti-slavery man. In the days of the 
 Fugitive Slave Law, he was a conductor on 
 the Underground Railroad. He had eleven 
 children, and over fifty grandchildren, and as 
 many great-grandchildren, and it is believed 
 that not one of the members of the family 
 ever used intoxicating drink. He took great 
 interest in the publications of his sons. 
 
138 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 " On one occasion/' as we read in the life 
 of Robert Carter, his oldest son, which all 
 young people, and old people too, should read, 
 " he came to New York for his annual visit 
 just after his son had published ' Lights and 
 Shadows of Scottish Life,' by Professor John 
 Wilson, who wrote under the noui de plume 
 of Christopher North. The old gentleman 
 said to his son, ' I am sorry to hear you've 
 been publishing a novel,' accenting, in his Scot- 
 tish dialect, the last syllable. Mr. Carter in 
 vain tried to defend himself by speaking of 
 the purity and elegant style of what was in- 
 deed a classic work, but his father would not 
 be mollified, insisting that novels were very 
 dangerous reading. 
 
 '' That night, after tea, Mr. Carter took a 
 book, saying, ^ Father, here is something I want 
 to read to you,' and read aloud the story of 
 * The Elder's Death-bed.' The old man lis- 
 tened with tears rolling down his cheeks. 
 
 '' ' Eh, Robert, that's a graund buik. Where 
 did ye get it ? ' 
 
 '' Mr. Carter told him that he had been 
 reading from the novel that had been so 
 severely denounced in the morning. 
 
 " * I didna ken it was such a buik as yon. 
 Ye maun gie me some for the neebors at 
 hame.' " 
 
 In due time Peter and his brother Walter 
 were taken into the publishing business by 
 Robert. When the partnership was formed, 
 the brothers signed a written paper, pledging 
 
Peter Carter — " Son of Consolation " 139 
 
 themselves never to " go security." Their 
 father had done this once, and been burdened 
 greatly by the obligation it entailed until Rob- 
 ert paid off all the indebtedness for him. It 
 was another of their principles never to en- 
 gage in a lawsuit. They preferred to suffer 
 wrong rather than violate their principles of 
 peace. 
 
 The love of books was born in these Scotch 
 boys. Peter Carter loved to tell a story of 
 Robert's about his first venture in book-buying. 
 
 *' When I was about seven years old," said 
 Robert, '' there was an auction sale of old 
 furniture, which, as it was a rare occurrence 
 in the village, I attended with great interest. 
 Towards the close of the sale, a copy of Jo- 
 sephus's works in folio, much dilapidated, and 
 minus one of the boards of the cover, was 
 held up by the auctioneer, and, as no one 
 seemed to bid, I called out, * Fourpence.' * It 
 is yours,' cried he, * my little fellow; you're 
 the youngest bidder we've had to-day.' This 
 fourpence had been collecting for some time 
 previously, and was probably the largest sum 
 I had ever possessed. When I got the book 
 in my arms, it w^as with no small difficulty I 
 carried it home. With an apple I hired a 
 playmate to help me, and we carried it between 
 us, and when we got tired we laid the book 
 down on the roadside and rested, each sitting 
 on an end. But oh, what a treasure it proved 
 
140 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 while I eagerly devoured its contents! I used 
 to lay it down upon the cottage floor, and 
 myself beside or upon it, and travel slowly 
 down the long page until I reached the bottom, 
 and then tackle the next page. I had read 
 the Bible through twice in order, and I was 
 eager to get all the additional information I 
 could about the Jews. I was greatly puzzled 
 by the word ' Greeting,' which occurred so 
 often as a salutation at the beginning of letters. 
 That was our Scottish word for * crying,' and 
 I could not understand its relation to letters 
 bearing good tidings.^' 
 
 Peter took great delight in his business, as 
 he did in all that was true and good, but he 
 took most delight in speaking of his Saviour 
 and in trying to show people by his loving 
 kindness and gracious speech how precious the 
 Saviour is. He had always a special interest 
 in negroes. He told me once how frightened 
 he had been in New York when he saw a 
 negro for the first time. He was walking on 
 the street with his mother, and clung to her 
 skirts in terror at the sight of the black face. 
 When he grew up and was working in New 
 York, he had a mission school for negro chil- 
 dren, away down town. He was very fond 
 of the little ones, and they were devoted to him. 
 Once a visitor was examining the children, and 
 asked them, " Children, do you know who the 
 
Peter Carter — " Son of Consolation " 141 
 
 Good Shepherd is?" "Oh, yes!" they re- 
 pHed. *' Mr. Peter Carter." And he was to 
 them truly the representative of that Good 
 Shepherd who took the Httle lambs up into 
 His bosom. 
 
 And indeed how can those who do not know 
 Christ and our Father's home in heaven form 
 any idea of them save from what they see 
 in us and our homes? That is the way the 
 heathen learn of Christ and heaven. In 
 Hangchow, China, Mrs. Mattox has been ac- 
 customed to invite the little children to her 
 home and make them happy there. Once .a 
 Chinese teacher was talking to some of them, 
 and asked, " Where do you want to go when 
 you die — to heaven? " " No," they answered. 
 " To hell? " " No." " Where, then, do you 
 want to go?" "To Mrs. Mattox's house," 
 they replied. They could not imagine any- 
 thing more heavenly than that. 
 
 In these children of the other side of the 
 world Mr. Carter was always intensely in- 
 terested. One of his daughters is a mission- 
 ary in Turkey, and two grand-nephews in 
 China, and he always read about missions, 
 talked about missions, and prayed about 
 missions. On his death-bed, when he was not 
 conscious of those who were about him, they 
 heard him praying for China. It had become 
 
142 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 a part of his real nature to pray for the heathen 
 world and the work of Christ there, and, when 
 the conscious control of the life was released, 
 it naturally glided off into loving prayer for 
 the needy. 
 
 Mr. Carter was one of the most sympathetic, 
 appreciative men I ever met. He would laugh 
 at humorous and pleasant stories until the tears 
 ran down his cheeks, and the tears were as 
 ready to flow with sympathy for sorrow or 
 suffering. His face was always lighted up 
 from within by the light of Christ. The last 
 Sunday evening on which he was able to at- 
 tend church, he went up^ at the close of the 
 meeting, to his new pastor, with his eyes ablaze 
 with joy at the satisfaction he felt in his ser- 
 mon and in him, to welcome him with all the 
 enthusiasm of his boyish heart. He always 
 saw and exulted in the good in men, and had 
 no eye toward the evil. His judgments were 
 sure to be always sweet, kindly judgments. 
 
 And he never lost his simplicity and glad- 
 ness. He was the jolliest playmate his grand- 
 children had, and they could not think of him 
 as gone not to return. '' Mother," said one 
 of them, after his death, '' I know grandfather 
 has gone to heaven to get a new body, but 
 will he not come back on the next train? " I 
 used to meet him constantly on the ferry- 
 
Peter Carter — " Son of Consolation " 143 
 
 boats and street-cars, and he was the merriest 
 companion in the world. All the people about 
 visibly brightened up with the contagious good 
 humour and sweetness of the old man. And 
 he was not at all conscious of himself. In 
 the street-car he would talk of Jesus just as 
 naturally as in his own home, and with no 
 attempt to conceal the subject nor any half- 
 apologetic glance around to see if any one was 
 listening. 
 
 I think I have scarcely known any man who 
 better represented the Holy Spirit, the Com- 
 forter, or more deser\^ed the name " The Son 
 of Consolation." His very presence was com- 
 fort, and all cares and mean things sank away 
 before the visible composure and peace of his 
 life. He had those qualities of honest com- 
 passion and natural unselfishness, and tender, 
 mature experience of God, which fitted him 
 to comfort those that mourn. And he was so 
 perfectly true and transparent that he was at 
 home anywhere. He was a gentleman by right 
 of divine descent and heavenly breeding, for 
 he was a true son of God. 
 
 And he had the priceless discipline of his 
 own sorrow. Some years ago his wife went 
 on before him, and he was but waiting the 
 call to come home to her. When he first be- 
 came ill, he told his daughter that he felt so 
 
144 ^^^ Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 different from other times. When she sug- 
 gested that this might mean that he would 
 never be ill again, but would soon be going 
 home, " Oh, that would be delightful ! '' he 
 replied, and he hailed the prospect of meeting 
 her and the Saviour he loved with exceeding 
 joy. During his last days he was often heard 
 murmuring, " My dear Lord Jesus, my dear 
 Lord Jesus.'' And we may be sure they were 
 very dear each to the other. 
 
 Of money I suppose he had little when he 
 died, but there was no richer man in New 
 York in all the best wealth of life, — a char- 
 acter less blemished than the sun, a heart of 
 solid gold, the perfect love and trust of friends, 
 the absolute devotion of little children, and 
 the image in his face and his life of the 
 blessed Saviour whom he adored. If all the 
 reasoned arguments in support of Christianity 
 were destroyed, Peter Carter and the two or 
 three men like him whom I have known would 
 remain for me as its impregnable basis and 
 defence. 
 
X 
 
 ARTHUR TAPPAN PIERSON 
 
 4 RTHUR TAPPAN PIERSON was one 
 r\ of the great seers of the world vision. 
 Early in his ministry he lifted up his 
 eyes and looked upon the field, and as he 
 looked he saw that it extended far beyond 
 his successive parishes in Binghamton, Water- 
 ford, Detroit, Indianapolis, Philadelphia, Lon- 
 don — that it embraced the whole world. 
 There are many still who do not see this 
 or who, thinking they see it, are neverthe- 
 less dominated by preferences which split up 
 the world and postpone the claims of parts 
 of it until other parts have been first supplied, 
 or condition the offer of the gospel to some 
 for whom Christ died upon its prior accept- 
 ance by others for whom He died no more. 
 But Dr. Pierson saw the world whole, and 
 thenceforward he lived and wTought for the 
 evangelization of it all, America and England, 
 France and Russia equally with China, India, 
 and Africa, and these equally with those. This 
 world view profoundly affected his conception 
 
 145 
 
146 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 of the gospel and of Christ. It gave him a 
 gospel as great as all humanity and a Christ 
 greater than humanity. The view which men 
 take of Christ is determined largely by the 
 work they expect of Him. If all that is ex- 
 pected is an ethical example, the person of 
 Christ contracts to that expectation. When 
 men have had a deep sense of sin and realized 
 that the work which must be done for them 
 is a work which only the Eternal in the 
 flesh could do, then the person of Christ has 
 expanded and men have seen in Him their 
 glorious God. Dr. Pierson had the great view 
 of Christ which a profound sense of sin and 
 of sin's awfulness and of the wonder of sin's 
 forgiveness and defeat gives to a man. But 
 he had an even greater view of Christ, for to 
 the immensity of the work which he saw Christ 
 doing in a single soul in dealing with sin, was 
 added the immensity of the work which he 
 saw Christ was to do for the world in de- 
 stroying its sin, and by His own promises and 
 in His own time, bringing in His world King- 
 dom. 
 
 These views of the world as the object of 
 Christ's love and redeeming grace, and as the 
 field of the Church's mission, gave him a 
 gospel adequate to the needs of each human 
 soul and of our home lands. He early per- 
 
Arthur Tappan Pierson 147 
 
 ceived that an English gospel cannot save 
 England or a single Englishman, that the only 
 gospel which is adequate to any local need 
 is the universal gospel, and that the sooner 
 and the more fully we offer it to every crea- 
 ture, the richer and more massive will be its 
 appeal and its ministry to each creature. A 
 gospel which is as busy saving China as it is 
 in saving Scotland will the sooner and more 
 effectively save both. He saw this, and his 
 evangelistic message, which was ever fresh and 
 effective, was indissolubly bound to his mis- 
 sionary message. And conversely, he realized 
 that the gospel which is to be able to cross 
 wide seas and make an impact on heathen 
 lands must have an enormous momentum, 
 which can only be given to it at home, and 
 which must be given to it here, if it is not 
 to arrive with spent vitality. 
 
 In the second place. Dr. Pierson was one 
 of the first to bring back into the missionary 
 idea the conception of immediacy. The early 
 Church felt the pressure of this conception in 
 full power. It was looking and hoping for 
 the second coming of Christ, and that great 
 expectation filled it with the earnestness and 
 eagerness and intensity which came from its 
 conviction that its enterprise was practicable 
 and that it might and must make ready for 
 
148 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 the coming of the Son of Man. Dr. Pierson 
 held in this regard the Apostolic expectation. 
 He did not fix the time of our Lord's return, 
 just as the New Testament writers did not, 
 but he knew that the Christian's proper atti- 
 tude, if he is to be faithful to his Lord, is 
 the attitude of vigilant preparedness. ^' Watch, 
 therefore, for at such an hour as ye think 
 not, the Son of Man cometh." But it was 
 not from the Apostolic hope alone that he 
 drew this spirit, although the connection be- 
 tween Christ's second coming and world evan- 
 gelization, was to him, as it is to many, a 
 Scriptural principle; it was also from his study 
 of the world's need of the gospel, from the 
 New Testament representation of the salvation 
 of Christ as the only salvation, from the rapid 
 movements of the world's life, from the open- 
 ing of all doors, from the challenging successes 
 of mission work, from the peril of spiritual 
 declension and poverty at home, if the pri- 
 mary duty of the Church was neglected. All 
 these and other considerations combined to 
 fill him with an eager energy for immediate 
 efforts to carry the gospel to the whole world. 
 The founders of the modern missionary en- 
 terprise struck this same note of immediacy. 
 The evangelization of the world in their gen- 
 eration was the noble dream of the early mis- 
 
Arthur Tappan Pierson 149 
 
 sionaries to the Sandwich Islands. But for a 
 generation or more the note of urgency had 
 died low. Now it has sounded forth again loud 
 and clear. It was the dominant note at the 
 Edinburgh Missionary Conference, and to 
 many that rich and almost ecumenical reasser- 
 tion of the immediacy of our missionary duty 
 was but the full and rounded utterance of the 
 message of which Dr. Pierson and a few others 
 were the lonely voices in the wilderness, a 
 quarter of a century ago. 
 
 *' The Crisis of Missions " was the book in 
 which Dr. Pierson put his appeal — crisp, 
 sharp, arousing. Hundreds of present-day ad- 
 vocates of missions got their first inspiration 
 from that book. Some mission boards dis- 
 tributed it gratuitously to all ministers of their 
 denomination who would promise to preach 
 sermons on it. There are many situations 
 which are called " crises " which turn out very 
 ordinary, and there are situations carelessly 
 passed over by the Church which are real 
 crises, but the world conditions which were 
 beginning when Dr. Pierson wrote this little 
 book, and the new missionary call which was 
 presented to the Church, did truly constitute a 
 crisis, and this trumpet blast helped as much 
 as any single influence to awaken the Church 
 to realize the significance of the new day. 
 
150 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 A third great missionary service rendered 
 by Dr. Pierson was his part in the creation 
 of a new type of missionary apologetic. He 
 was one of a Httle group, of which no one 
 accomphshed more than he, which produced 
 a new sort of missionary Hterature. This new 
 type laid as much emphasis as the old upon 
 Scripture principles and the general grounds 
 of appeal, but it was marked by a tingle, a 
 warmth, a penetration, an imagination which 
 were new, and it was filled with incident and 
 anecdote and fact. It ranged the whole world 
 of life and all literature for its material, and 
 it fused all the material into a red and con- 
 tagious glow. There was always the peril in 
 such an apologetic of overstrain, of seeing 
 things in disproportion, of startling the reader 
 by taking hidden aspects and setting them in 
 too brilliant a light, but these are the perils 
 of all propagandas, and if there was room for 
 differences of spiritual interpretation, never- 
 theless, the effort was always made to present 
 facts and to be sure that they were facts. 
 In public speech no men excelled Dr. Pier- 
 son, Dr. A. J. Gordon, and Dr. F. F. Ellin- 
 wood in presenting the new apologetic for 
 missions, and in work with his pen Dr. Pier- 
 son probably did more than any other one 
 person to popularize missionary information 
 
Arthur Tappan Pierson 151 
 
 and appeal. His books on '' The Miracles of 
 Missions," his '' New Acts of the Apostles," 
 his missionary biographies such as of Muller 
 and Johnson, and his articles in the Missionary 
 Review were read by multitudes who began to 
 see that missions was one of the most interest- 
 ing and fascinating of themes. The " New 
 Acts of the Apostles " constituted the Duff 
 Missionary Lectures, delivered in Scotland in 
 1893. He and Dr. Gordon had gone through 
 Scotland together after the World Missionary 
 Conference in London in 1888, and had 
 kindled missionary fires wherever they had 
 gone. In consequence. Dr. Pierson was called 
 back in 1893 for the Duff Lectures, of which 
 Dr. Andrew Thomson, one of the older mis- 
 sionary authorities, wrote: 
 
 "The fourth and most recent Duff Lec- 
 turer was the Rev. Arthur T. Pierson, D.D., 
 of Philadelphia, U. S. A., whose name is 
 pleasantly familiar to the Churches of Christ 
 on both sides of the Atlantic. The title of 
 his lectures, which form the contents of the 
 present volume, is ' The New Acts of the 
 Apostles; or, The Marvels of Modern Mis- 
 sions,' and their design was to compare the 
 Christian Church in the nineteenth century 
 with the Church in the first century, especially 
 in their missionary aspects, and to bring out 
 the features of resemblance and of contrast 
 
152 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 between them. They were addressed in the 
 early months of 1893, to crowded audiences, 
 not only in Edinburgh and Glasgow, but in 
 Aberdeen, Dundee, and St. Andrew's, and 
 some individual lectures were also delivered 
 in other places, as in Arbroath. They were 
 as new and fragrant as the flowers of spring. 
 His vigour and originality of thought, his 
 extraordinary knowledge of all subjects con- 
 nected with Christian missions, his ingenuity 
 and skill in the exposition of Scripture, and 
 in extracting from familiar texts new and 
 unexpected stores of instruction, his inex- 
 haustible command of anecdotes which helped 
 to enrich and enliven his addresses, his power 
 of making external nature pay tribute to 
 spiritual instruction, as well as the flowing 
 fervour of his appeals — made multitudes lis- 
 ten unwearied for hours in silence." 
 
 Dr. Pierson early learned to view the mis- 
 sionary task as the task of the whole Church. 
 Much was said in the Edinburgh Missionary 
 Conference and in the preparation for the 
 Conference there of the opportunity which 
 the Conference was to present for the first 
 time to the Church of viewing her under- 
 taking as a whole — the whole Church facing 
 her whole task in the whole world. This 
 conception, though it was only limitedly 
 possible at Edinburgh, gave its greatness to 
 that memorable conference. But for a genera- 
 
Arthur Tappan Picrson 153 
 
 tion Dr. Pierson had been preaching this idea. 
 At Northfield, I think, in 1887, he set forth 
 a plan of world missionary activity which in- 
 volved the united effort of the Church to 
 compass her whole task, and such a plan, I 
 believe, was printed as a supplement in some 
 editions of '' The Crisis of Missions." To be 
 sure, this was not a new idea with him. Al- 
 exander Duff had cherished it, and no later 
 missionary leader was more zealous than Carey 
 in planning for the occupation of the whole 
 earth, but it was deemed novel enough to be 
 scouted by many when Dr. Pierson renewed 
 the proposal of an organized, co-operative 
 effort to occupy and evangelize the whole 
 world. 
 
 In his eagerness to make missions popular 
 and to win for them the interest and support 
 of the Church, he did not make the mistake 
 of secularizing the missionary presentation, of 
 lowering the spiritual quality of the missionary 
 motive, of withdrawing the Cross. He put 
 the missionary appeal upon the highest spirit- 
 ual plane, and no one ever heard him present 
 the cause without being made aware of the 
 sacrificial shadow that lay upon it. It is in- 
 teresting to note how free the foreign mission- 
 ary appeal still is from secondary and inferior 
 elements. They do creep in, and they have 
 
154 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 their legitimate place, but while some other 
 causes have become practically dominated by 
 these considerations, foreign missions remain 
 a spiritual enterprise, resting upon spiritual 
 arguments and cleaving close still to the person 
 and Cross of Christ. It was no small achieve- 
 ment of the Spirit of Christ to save so ardent 
 an advocate as Dr. Pierson from the perils 
 of overpopularizing his cause, and of resting 
 it upon motives which have in them the ele- 
 ments, at least, of self-interest, of a racial 
 or national glory. His cause was Christ's 
 alone, and Christ's name and Christ's Cross 
 and Christ's glory were the only things to 
 be thought about or spoken of in its advo- 
 cacy. 
 
 Lastly, we may mention the tirelessness of 
 his toil for missions and the intensity of his 
 appeal. To him it was a great cause, and as 
 the preservation of the Union, the abolition of 
 slavery, the maintenance of States' rights or 
 political loyalty had set men ablaze and kept 
 the fires glowing during the Civil War, so the 
 great campaign of a world's evangelization in- 
 fluenced him and made him restive and eager. 
 It is hard to keep up such intensity in an age- 
 long campaign, but he held that the age need 
 not be as long as lethargy and disobedience 
 may make it, and that now is the appointed 
 
Arthur Tappan Pierson 155 
 
 time, and not to-morrow. Therefore he re- 
 membered his Lord's words : " We must work 
 the works of Him that sent us while it is 
 day, before the night cometh, when no man 
 can work." May we also remember them! 
 
XI 
 
 HENRY CLAY TRUMBULL 
 
 HENRY CLAY TRUMBULL, who 
 died in Philadelphia in December, 
 1903, was one of the great chaplains 
 of the Civil War. After the war he was one 
 of the foremost leaders in the Sunday-school 
 work of North America and one of the most 
 original, fertile, and influential religious edi- 
 tors in our country. He was also a genius in 
 Bible study and Bible teaching, an Oriental 
 scholar and discoverer, the writer of a score 
 of notable books, and a Christian who pre- 
 sented in his own life the immovable evidence 
 of the literal truth of the New Testament rep- 
 resentation of the gospel of the Son of God. 
 His life story is told in the admirable biography 
 by his son-in-law, Mr. Philip E. Howard. //As 
 one who knew him as a son and who was also 
 grateful to be his friend, I wish to speak here 
 of his influence and character, in behalf of the 
 multitudes of young men who knew his voice, 
 and who trace gratefully to him to-day the un- 
 sealing and illumination of their lives. 
 
 156 
 
Henry Clay Trumbull 157 
 
 He taught us three great lessons, the great- 
 est lessons that man can teach to men. He 
 showed us the supremacy of truth. Where 
 everything he wrote and said was so evidently 
 only the unveiling of himself, a sort of fra- 
 grant moral exhalation, it would not be true 
 to single out any one of his books and say, 
 " This was the distinctive expression of his 
 teaching and of himself," yet I think that one 
 of the three or four of which this might most 
 truthfully be said is his little book in defence 
 of the absolute inviolability of truth. With 
 truth compromised he felt the foundations 
 were gone. Life might be sacrificed. He 
 had risked his in battle without fear, and he 
 has written with noble love of his dearest 
 friend, who, choosing the post of danger, died 
 in battle a hero's death. Christ Himself had 
 said, " No man taketh my life from me. I 
 lay it down of myself. I have the right to 
 lay it down." And God, he held, was taking 
 life daily, even as His Son had laid down His 
 own. What God could do he could authorize 
 man to do, but God could not lie, and what 
 was impossible to the nature of God was in- 
 tolerable in the character and ways of men. 
 The truth was to him a holy thing, and he 
 abhorred with all his stern soldier soul all 
 falsehood and every lie. We learned this from 
 
158 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 him. May God grant that we shall not 
 forget ! 
 
 He taught us the glory of love. He thought 
 himself, when he had finished it, that " Friend- 
 ship the Master Passion," as he called it, was 
 his great book, and he believed that he had 
 demonstrated that there is no power in the 
 world like unselfish love. He told me once 
 that when he had finished his book and given 
 it to his friend, Charles Dudley Warner, Mr. 
 Warner said to him, referring to the theme of 
 the book : '' Trumbull, you can't prove that 
 proposition." But when he had read it through 
 he said : '' Well, Trumbull, you have made 
 your case." It was he who taught us what 
 friendship is, — a love that asks for nothing 
 again, that many waters cannot quench, serene, 
 eternal. No teacher of our generation saw as 
 he saw the nature of that love which St. John 
 tells us is God. Beside his conception all other 
 ideals and all books on friendship seem tawdry 
 and of a lower world. We who were in his 
 school know how to love. He taught us, and 
 we see now that, next to truth, the most won- 
 drous thing in life is love, unselfish, unchange- 
 able. 
 
 He taught us what life is. This was what 
 he was dealing with in his covenant books, on 
 the covenants of blood, of the threshold, and 
 
Henry Clay Trumbull 159 
 
 of salt. Institutions, he held, were the sym- 
 bols of life. The covenant of blood, the atone- 
 ment, was an atonement of life. He taught 
 the reality of such a mingling. The mysticism 
 of the Gospel lay like the veil and the unveil- 
 ing of immortality across our mortal life. He 
 made real and clear to us, he set forth in the 
 language of our own day, the living truth of 
 the Saviour's words, " Except ye eat the flesh 
 of the Son of man and drink His blood ye 
 have not life in yourselves. He that eateth 
 my flesh and drinketh my blood hath eternal 
 life." He held to the truth of a divine inter- 
 course. This was what life was to be, a fel- | 
 lowship with the divine life, a union of our 
 souls with the great life of our Father, who 
 is God. 
 
 And what he taught he was. No discord 
 severed the message from the man. What 
 we heard from his lips we saw in his life. 
 We came near to him, and we knew him, and 
 we knew him to embody in himself the doc- 
 trine which he taught to the world. He loved 
 the truth. No shadow of insincerity tinged 
 him. The light of a great honour was in him, 
 and the air where he was was pure, and it 
 purified. He was one of the men of whom 
 the Psalmist says : " They looked unto Him, 
 and were radiant." He exemplified in himself 
 
i6o Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 his ideals of friendship. He would go any- 
 where for his friends, and no service could 
 be a sacrifice for one he loved. I have known 
 him to make long journeys simply to make 
 some truth which he thought it was important 
 for a friend to have clear to that friend's 
 mind. He stopped the press on his paper, and 
 held up an entire issue to cut out of a review 
 of a friend's book a single phrase, which he 
 had just discovered, which might be misun- 
 derstood and grieve his friend. We may have 
 many more friends, we shall have, for 
 to-day all of us who were friends of his are 
 become friends also of one another; but we 
 shall never have a greater friend than he was, 
 and is, and all our friendships have now, and 
 will have forever, a divine glory, an infinite 
 security, since he taught us by his words and 
 by his life how to love with a friendship love. 
 We love others more, and more truly, because 
 he loved us. And how athrill with life he 
 was! No one could come near him and not 
 feel the tingle and deliverance of it. Stagna- 
 tion fell off the soul at the touch of the ex- 
 hilaration of life in him. The lines about his 
 eyes spoke with an irresistible eloquence of 
 delight. The nervous, alert form trembled in 
 response to the quick movings of the mind and 
 heart. He was all alive in his body. And 
 
Henry Clay Trumbull l6i 
 
 the mind was even more quick and vital. It 
 shrank from anything commonplace and medi- 
 ocre. It leaped at the living aspects of truth. 
 It sprang past the inadequacy of systems to 
 the infinite life that cannot be codified. And 
 the spirit that was back of all, that came from 
 God and has now returned whence it came, — 
 oh, friends ! shall we feel upon our lives an- 
 other spirit like it on the earth again? The 
 life of God was in it. It lived in God. This 
 we shall see often. This we may experience 
 ourselves. But the buoyancy, the intensity, 
 the unassailable certainty of that life equally 
 hid and exposed with Christ in God, the natu- 
 ralness in the supernaturalness, the assurance, 
 the humility, the living, eager joy of it all — 
 what irrefutable, what positively convincing, 
 what tenderly persuasive, evidence this bore to 
 the reality of his doctrine, — that it was all so 
 incarnate in his own dear life. 
 
 And this was the great characteristic of it all. 
 It was so generous. It gave itself out without 
 reserve or weariness. There are in the world 
 to-day thousands upon thousands upon thou- 
 sands — I speak with soberness and care — upon 
 whose lives is the impress of his. For nearly 
 two generations he has been addressing multi- 
 tudes on the platform or by the pen, but he 
 counted truly that all the immense influence ex- 
 
1 62 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 erted in this way was less than what God had 
 done through him by personal contact with in- 
 dividuals, men and women, and also, I thank 
 \ God, with many who were but little more than 
 I boys and girls, to win them to Christ, to truth, 
 to love, to life. He found individuals every- 
 where. He loved the possibilities in them, and 
 he sought with a tact that was unfailing and 
 a courage that always, as he confessed, was 
 needed before he could conquer the instinct of 
 hesitation, but that never failed, to make those 
 possibilities real, and to recover life to itself 
 and to the Saviour. His influence upon stu- 
 dents and upon the Christian Church in awak- 
 , ening and stimulating the spirit of personal 
 work by individuals for individuals to win men 
 to Christ has been greater than that of any 
 Christian worker in the last fifty years, per- 
 haps not even excepting Mr. Moody, between 
 whom and himself, diverse types as they were, 
 there existed the warmest friendship — a 
 friendship full of mutual admiration and love. 
 " When he had by himself purged our sins," 
 we read in the Epistle to the Hebrews, " he 
 sat down on the right hand of God." This is 
 the law of all highest service. It was even so 
 with him whom we loved, and love and honour 
 here to-day. He wrought by the outgoing of 
 himself. And he has taught multitudes of 
 
Henry Clay Trumbull 163 
 
 Christian men that such outgoing of their lives 
 into other lives is the law of the service of 
 Christ. 
 
 But we are seeking not so much to analyze 
 his character as to give utterance to our grat- 
 itude for what in the goodness of God he was 
 to our lives. How boundlessly appreciative 
 and generous he was — seeing good v^here there 
 was no good except in his seeing. He loved 
 his own ideals which he dreamed he saw in 
 others, and then by his sheer love he began 
 to create them in others. He had the divine 
 blindness of love which saw past the evil that 
 can be expelled from life. He had the divine 
 vision of love which beheld the invisible 
 capacities for good and beauty. It was both 
 our humiliation and our glory that he was 
 ever finding in us nobleness which we did not 
 know was possible for us, until he loved it 
 into being in us. He was ever recognizing 
 what he owed to others, living and dead. He 
 traced his life and work tO' four religious 
 teachers, two of them almost forgotten. Bush- 
 nell he exalted with a unique love. For many 
 of us he created Bushnell anew. What gen- 
 erosity was this? Was he not an apostle? 
 Had he not see Christ? Paul not more. Yet 
 his unselfish heart was ever tracing to others 
 with gratitude what he felt he owed to them. 
 
164 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 what we felt was native and sovereign in his 
 own soul. How warm and tender were his 
 affections and sympathies! One of his sweet- 
 est essays was on '' Tenderness," and he quoted 
 in it the sonnet, 
 
 ** We long for tenderness, like that which hung 
 About us, lying on our mother's breast." 
 
 And such tenderness he lavished on those he 
 loved. It was in his hand-clasp. It was in 
 his voice. There are many hearts to which 
 the memory of it comes back as of some 
 mother's song long years ago. His loves never 
 grew old and frail. There was about them a 
 perennial childlikeness of joy and surprise and 
 fresh delight. And his sympathies were as 
 broad and charitable as they were tender. He 
 has told me with satisfaction of the meeting 
 of the Oriental Society in his home years ago, 
 and the pleasure he had in arranging every- 
 thing so as to be true to his own large life, 
 and also just and considerate of others of 
 other faiths who were present as his guests. 
 He was bound to find good in men. I know 
 of one man of rigid and unimaginative mind, 
 to whom faith is a strait-jacket, who for years 
 embodied to him ideals of intellectual method 
 and theological opinion of which he utterly 
 
Henry Clay Trumbull 165 
 
 disapproved. Once he and this man met at 
 luncheon, and he found to his delight a better 
 nature than he had believed could be there, and 
 an unsuspected openness of spirit. Instantly 
 his whole attitude changed. He often spoke 
 to me with delight of this. He forgot all that 
 was repugnant thereafter, and he thought and 
 spoke of this man with the spirit of generous 
 and loving sympathy which he longed to feel 
 toward all men, and which nothing but opposi- 
 tion to the truth or a reluctance to follow after 
 it fully ever availed to suppress in him toward 
 any man. But if the truth was betrayed, how 
 quick and intense was the surprise of the deep 
 character in him ! Let a man do service for 
 falsehood or lay hands on the ark of truth, 
 and the anger of the divine priesthood awoke 
 in him. That man saw the flash of his in- 
 dignant lightning and heard the rolling thun- 
 der of his wrath. It was this that led him to 
 write with such fearless severity in his paper, 
 years ago, an editorial criticism upon a book 
 on ethics, in which he utterly and unhesitat- 
 ingly repudiated as untrustworthy and un- 
 christian a book that made room for lies. 
 But this was only the divine undertoning. The 
 Saviour stood once with blazing eyes and a 
 whip of cords in His hands. He was none 
 the less — nay, He was all the more — the Shep- 
 
1 66 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 herd true, lover of souls, lamb of God, meek 
 and lowly in heart. This was his over har- 
 mony. Intense as he was in his love of truth, 
 fiery in his abhorrence of falsehood and of 
 wrong, his touch had yet the tenderness of a 
 woman's hand. Toning dow^n the Saviour's 
 qualities of calm and comfort to the level of 
 us men, was not to make Dr. Trumbull heavy 
 and tame. He was all a-tingle. There was 
 in his personality a perpetual charm and 
 piquancy and zest. He saw everything in fresh 
 forms. He loved paradox because it so well 
 balanced the polarity of truth. His humour 
 was sweet and irrepressible to the last. And 
 with such a soul how tenderly he loved his 
 dear Saviour! It was just so that he would 
 speak of him : " The dear Saviour." And now 
 he is wath Him. Our master has been taken 
 from our head. Yea, we know it, and our 
 hearts have cried after him with Elisha's cry, 
 " My father, my father, the chariots of Israel 
 and the horsemen thereof! " 
 
 He showed us what it is to be free. This 
 blessing also he brought to us all, — I mean to 
 us young men who loved him. Often we went 
 to him for counsel. " What shall we do ? " 
 He would not answer that. *' Shall I go 
 here, or there?" He would not say. He 
 would show us the principles which he believed 
 
Henry Clay Trumbull 167 
 
 to be involved, and then he would say no more. 
 " You must decide for yourself," was his word. 
 He loved to tell of an old Connecticut farmer 
 whose son was about to seek his fortune in 
 the city. The evening before he was to go, the 
 father took him for a last walk and talk over 
 the place where the boy had spent his life. 
 They went over the familiar paths in silence, 
 all the memories of his past education in right- 
 eousness and purity of soul sweeping in wave 
 after wave over the boy as he walked beside 
 his father, until at last they returned to the 
 garden gate again. Then the old man turned 
 to his son, laid his hand on his shoulder, and 
 said : '' John, I have only one thing to say to 
 you. Always do as you have a mind to.'* 
 The boy needed no more. His only peril lay 
 in doing as others had a mind for him. H | 
 he acted according to the integrity and honour 
 of his own mind, schooled under the godly 
 manliness of that old father, he was safe and 
 free. It was so that he dealt with us. He 
 strove to give us the mind of Christ, and then 
 he bade us do as we had a mind to. He was 
 free in Christ, and he would have us free. 
 He held to the law, to be sure, but he saw 
 even in the Ten Commandments a covenant 
 of love. Love, he believed with the Apostle, 
 was the fulfilling of the law, and that he was 
 
1 68 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 the freeman whom love and truth made free 
 in Christ to render a full and joyous obedience. 
 
 He was full of large expectations of good. 
 His faith was in God, and therefore his heart 
 was stayed in hope. He was impatient with 
 the easy talk of the day about the retrogression 
 of religion, and the diminished study of the 
 Bible. He knew that there was no peril of 
 any retrogression except in the heart of the 
 man who thinks it is in the world because it 
 is within himself. And he was sure, and 
 rightly so, that there never has been as much 
 belief in the Bible, or study of it, or love for 
 it, as at this day. God could not lose him. 
 How could He lose the world? The faith of 
 the Resurrection past and the hope of the Ad- 
 vent yet to come, bound for him the horizon 
 of a world of the goodness and greatness of 
 God, full of the assurance of the triumph of 
 the Saviour. 
 
 He was a true prophet of God to our souls. 
 He spoke forth the Infinite in the terms of our 
 world, and the Eternal in the forms of our 
 human life. God was near him, almost visi- 
 ble. His faith in prayer was one noble ex- 
 pression of his realization of the present power 
 of his Father. I met a gentleman who knew 
 him some years ago on a ferry boat, and I told 
 him that when I had last seen Dr. Trumbull, a 
 
Henry Clay Trumbull 169 
 
 fortnight before, he had spoken of him. *' Oh, 
 yes ! " said my friend, '' he was a great Chris- 
 tian, so real, so intense. He was at my home 
 years ago, and we were talking about prayer. 
 ' Why, Trumbull,' I said, ' you don't mean to 
 say that if you lost a lead pencil you would pray 
 about it, and ask God to help you find it.' ' Of 
 course I would; of course I would!' was his 
 instant and excited reply." How easy it is to 
 reproduce the very sound of the voice, to see 
 the flash of the eye and the trembling gesture 
 of the hand. Of course he would. Was not 
 his faith a real thing? Like the Saviour he 
 put his doctrine strongly by taking an extreme 
 illustration to embody his principle, but the 
 principle was fundamental. He would trust 
 God in everything. He did trust Him. And 
 the Father honoured the trust of His child. 
 And he always walked with God in Christ. 
 Very near, very real, very precious, was the 
 Lord Jesus to him, and into that loving inti- 
 macy he bore, faithful friend that he was, all 
 the needs and names of his dear ones, speak- 
 ing of us and of our children to his Father 
 and our Father, his God and our God. 
 
 One of his favourite thoughts embodied long 
 years ago in a historical address, and more 
 than once in his writings and sermons, was 
 expressed in the phrase which his son recalled 
 
170 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 in announcing his death in the paper with 
 which his name has been so long associated 
 as to make dissociation impossible : '' Our duty 
 to make the past a success." " Unless sons are 
 better than their fathers," he used to say, 
 " both fathers and sons are a failure." And 
 he would quote the line : " He mourns the dead 
 who lives as they desired." This would be 
 his word to us if his lips could speak now. 
 We are to go out to repeat, to expand what 
 w^e have seen and known in him. May the 
 grace of God go with us as we strive to show 
 forth in our lives what we saw in him of 
 that character which is divine, and of that 
 love which is God! 
 
XII 
 
 WILLIAM ROGERS RICHARDS 
 
 A STREAM of yellow sunlight on the 
 sloping shoulder of a New England hill 
 touching a mass of granite boulder with 
 warmth and radiance ! This is the memory of 
 Dr. Richards which comes back to each of 
 us who knew him, as a man opens his heart 
 to his brother, who is his friend. 
 
 He was the granite boulder. To recall the 
 broad, overhanging forehead, the steel flash 
 from the grey and deep-set eyes, the firm set 
 of the thin lips, the solid, resolute chin beneath, 
 with the controlled muscular alertness of the 
 lithe form; to recall the man as we saw him 
 is to feel again the tense strength and firmness 
 which he was. He came of old New England 
 stock, and all his training had been in New 
 England schools, and while for many years 
 he had lived in mellower climes, he never quite 
 lost the New England accent. He embodied 
 the Puritan tone and uprightness. It appeared 
 in his neat carelessness as to dress, and in his 
 loyalty to the old Puritan moral ideals. We 
 
 171 
 
172 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 saw the granite in him in the clear and defi- 
 nite sharpness of his convictions, in the auster- 
 ity of his sense of duty, and in the sternness 
 of his judgment of character. In the best of 
 all the biographies of Stonewall Jackson, his 
 British admirer tells us that in his cadet days 
 at West Point, Jackson dealt with a light hand 
 with the conventional social ideals, choosing 
 his companions quite as often from the class 
 below him as from his own, " and in yet an- 
 other way," adds Colonel Henderson, " his 
 strength of character was shown. To one who 
 w^as guilty of dishonourable conduct he was 
 merciless almost to vindictiveness. He had his 
 own standards of right and wrong and from 
 one who infringed them he would accept 
 neither apology nor excuse." No one could 
 have said this about Dr. Richards. I doubt 
 whether it is truly said of the great Christian 
 soldier. But that steadfastness and ethical 
 tenacity and rigid principle which gave Jackson 
 his familiar name, were all in Dr. Richards too. 
 He was no mincer of words; he was a fear- 
 less smiter of what needed to be smitten. We 
 can ask of him as our Lord asked of His 
 friend, " What went ye out into the wilderness 
 for to see? A reed shaken with the wind? 
 But what went ye out for to see? A man 
 clothed in soft raiment? Behold, they which 
 
William Rogers Richards 173 
 
 are gorgeously apparelled, and live delicately, 
 are in kings' courts," Yes, thank God, there 
 was granite in him. Therefore, men who were 
 uncertain or aweary could rest on the boulder 
 and rise strengthened and assured. 
 
 But he was also the golden sunlight. It 
 played in his yellow hair. We saw it in the 
 blue love-looks of the eyes that were not grey 
 after all, and it sparkled in the music of his 
 laughter. A good story was always twice as 
 good heard in the echo of his boundless en- 
 joyment of it. There was granite, — and there 
 was also gentleness. We remember the quiz- 
 zical twist of the head, the twitching of the 
 thin lips before the jest broke, the maiden-like 
 sensitiveness at suffering, and the shrinking 
 hatred of giving pain; the boyish delight in 
 teasing, the divine pleasure in small things and 
 in every little human experience. Oh, rich 
 indeed is our memory of the yellow light, 
 agleam upon his head, shining with candour 
 over all his life! 
 
 The sunlight fell on a boulder on the hill- 
 side beneath the open skies. The life we knew 
 was open to all the winds that blew, bared to 
 every smile and frown of God, not cloistered, 
 but laid out upon all the plain, indisputable 
 facts of life. " Creed or no creed, Bible or no 
 Bible," he said once, '' here are the facts," — 
 
174 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 facts of spring flowers laughing on the hillside, 
 facts of black, scudding storm clouds and of 
 winter wrath. To deny the Christian solution 
 is not to escape from the facts — both dark and 
 bright. It was part of his open life to love 
 the fresh air and the trout brooks and all clean 
 and wholesome games. It has been a surprise 
 to some who did not know him well and who 
 were misled by the slightly stooping shoulders 
 and the almost hectic flush upon his face, to 
 learn that he was of such tough fibre and no 
 mean competitor on many fields. Perhaps, 
 looking back now, we who thought he could 
 endure everything were the self-deceived. 
 How joyfully we recall now the old and eager 
 contests of which half the zest lay in his 
 hatred of defeat ! He was never built for van- 
 quishment, and It is no disloyalty to his mem- 
 ory to admit that he was a poor loser. If, in 
 the land where he has gone there is merri- 
 ment, as our Lord has assured us there is also 
 joy, we are confident that he is laughing glee- 
 fully now at the thought of our recollections 
 of him In the games that he lost and hated to 
 lose, which were not as many — we must be 
 just — as the games that he won and took a 
 boy's joy in winning. The greatest of all 
 sports to him was mountain climbing over the 
 hills we call the White Mountains and over 
 
William Rogers Richards 175 
 
 the higher peaks of Switzerland ; and in a land 
 whose altitudes dwarf all these I have gone 
 up the lower hills with him and listened to his 
 lament, as he looked up on the great snow- 
 clad peaks, that every-day duty forbade the 
 heavenly delight of a climb further than any 
 he had known, into the depthless skies of God. 
 This going to the very top or end of things 
 was characteristic of him, and it made him 
 the true scholar that he was. Scholarship for 
 mere scholarship's sake was no lure to him. 
 His interest was always in life, in living men 
 and living women and most of all in living 
 little children. But as a minister to the living 
 and to life, he would not offer what he did 
 not know, or give what he himself did not 
 live. He had his own, firmly wrought out the- 
 ology, thought cleanly through and reasoned, 
 as God has always bade His children to reason 
 through their thought of Him and man and 
 duty. I was told once of the examination in 
 the Elizabeth Presbytery when he came from 
 New England to the church in Plainfield. It 
 lasted the whole day through and at its close 
 old Dr. Kempshall made an apology. " It was 
 no ill will. Dr. Richards," said he, " no ill will 
 toward you. It was just pleasure and self- 
 indulgence for us to listen to the reasoned con- 
 victions of a man who had thought through his 
 
176 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 truth for himself and knew what he believed." 
 Yes, and Dr. Kempshall might have added 
 '' Whom." He had his own original theories 
 regarding Church organization, also. He had 
 studied carefully the methods which the Apos- 
 tolic and the sub-Apostolic Church had used in 
 fitting Christianity to municipal life, and the 
 convictions to which he came were embodied 
 in his work in the Crescent Avenue Church, 
 with its half-dozen affiliated chapels in Plain- 
 field, New Jersey. And in religion, out of 
 which theology and ecclesiastic polity grew and 
 for which they exist, he would have nothing 
 second-hand or unreal. For all holy living and 
 divine experience in other souls he gave thanks 
 to God, but he w^ould bring to men not a 
 thought which he had read in a book, which 
 another man had thought, not a view of God 
 and life prescribed by this or that authority, 
 whether in philosophy or psychology. Re- 
 ligion, to him, had its rich rootage in the past, 
 but it was a living and ever-expanding self- 
 revealing of God in the soul. As such it must 
 be worthy of God and inclusive of all that was 
 worthy in human life. Perhaps this was the 
 reason that he disliked Professor James' '' Va- 
 rieties of Religious Experience." He did not 
 care for some of these '' varieties." And also 
 he took scant pleasure in Myers' great book 
 
William Rogers Richards 177 
 
 on '^ Human Personality," which draws to the 
 support of our Christian conception of the 
 human spirit and its destiny, the results of 
 modern psychical research. *' If these utter- 
 ances represent," he told me once, '' the intel- 
 lectual quality of these spirits, I would fain 
 spend my eternity in better company." Re- 
 ligion, to him, was not something abnormal, 
 erratic. Was rehgion not the relation of the 
 human soul and God, the ultimate ground of 
 all personal and social life? Moreover, he was 
 also not of those who think that the physical 
 sciences alone can speak with clear and un- 
 questioned tone. No theory of physical sci- 
 ence could make to his view a more reasonable 
 claim than was made by each one of those 
 deep, spiritual realities of which, in the golden 
 days that are gone, we heard him speak as 
 God's prophet and our friend. 
 
 There was granite strength and stability in 
 the whole cast of his character and method 
 of his thought. His scholarship was positive 
 and constructive and the work that he did 
 was a creative work. In none of his utterances 
 is this more clearly seen than in " God's Choice 
 of Men," a series of sermons which he 
 preached in half -contemptuous reply to a news- 
 paper charge of insincerity against all those 
 who professed to hold the Church's view on the 
 
178 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 character of God. I know no worthier or 
 nobler vindication of all that is eternally true 
 in Calvinism, with its fearless facing of the 
 actual facts of the universe and its awful rev- 
 erence for the sovereign God and its unflinch- 
 ing assertion of our human liberty. Nowhere 
 was Dr. Richards more himself than in this 
 large-minded, forward-reaching, loyal procla- 
 mation of truth that was only Calvin's because 
 it ought to be every man's. Just as he would 
 not turn lightly, and after the foolish fashion 
 of our times, against the granite truth in Cal- 
 vinism, so did he cling also with love to the 
 old creedal symbols. I loved all things in him, 
 but nothing more than his fierce refusal to 
 cut out of the Apostles' Creed the noble asser- 
 tion of the limitless love of God — " He de- 
 scended into Hell." Where else? To the 
 uttermost limit of the outer darkness would 
 He not go seeking and saving that which was 
 lost? He built steadfastly on the abiding truth 
 of ancient symbols, because he was ever a 
 builder and not a destroyer, whose supreme 
 concern was in uplifting and not in pulling 
 down. 
 
 Nothing that ever had been part of human 
 life and no record of the deeds and experiences 
 of men was fruitless to his thought. His 
 fresh and original mind drew out from the 
 
William Rogers Richards 179 
 
 apparently driest record some living and life- 
 giving truth. I know of no better illustration 
 of this quality of his mind than the sermon 
 which none who heard it will ever forget, on 
 " The Monotony of Sin," from the oft-recur- 
 ring phrase in the books of Kings and Chron- 
 icles — '' He departed not from all the sins of 
 Jeroboam the son of Nebat, wherewith he made 
 Israel to sin." For months after that sermon 
 was preached in Battell Chapel, at Yale, 
 phrases from it lingered in the college ver- 
 nacular. There must have been few men who 
 heard it who did not carry with them for 
 many a day its restrained but terrible picture 
 of sin's pitiless dulness and mockery. 
 
 It was in part, doubtless, his creative in- 
 terest and instinct, in part, doubtless, the mis- 
 sionary temper of his family relationships 
 bringing him into admiring intimacy with a 
 great missionary character in Dr. Blodgett, but 
 it was chiefly his own spiritual honesty and 
 generosity and his contempt for the idea that 
 the gospel is a personal perquisite instead of 
 a heavenly trust for all humanity, which made 
 him the ardent missionary spirit which we 
 knew him to be. No man was more loyal to 
 immediate local responsibilities. No one took 
 up such responsibilities more adequately 
 equipped to bear them by the world breadth 
 
i8o Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 of his sympathy and the world interpretation 
 which the gospel bore to his thought. For 
 twenty years he served as a member of the 
 Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions — for 
 a good part of this time as chairman of one of 
 its most important committees, and his share in 
 its work constituted one of his truest pleasures 
 in life. And never was he happier in preaching 
 than when pleading the missionary cause. In 
 the sermon which he preached in his New 
 York church on " The Upper Room," on the 
 text — " The Master saith, Where is the guest 
 chamber where I shall eat the Passover with 
 my disciples? And he will show you a large 
 upper room, furnished and prepared. There 
 make ready," he said that he had once preached 
 a foreign missionary sermon on this text and 
 that just because it suggested thoughts so near 
 to the heart of the gospel, therefore it lent 
 itself to the missionary construction. " And I 
 think," said he, " that there is no other kind 
 of appeal that brings the tones of the Master 
 Himself more distinctly to a Christian con- 
 gregation." Every other cause, he felt, had 
 something more to be said for it than could 
 be said for Foreign Missions. The very 
 strength of this cause lay in the fact that it 
 was a pure appeal to unselfishness, and that it 
 was a work for men and women whom we had 
 
William Rogers Richards i8i 
 
 never seen and who could do nothing to recom- 
 pense us; that it contained no element of self- 
 interest or of compensation in any form, and 
 that to plead this cause, accordingly, was to 
 open to the Christian mind in its fullest and 
 most unclouded glory the divine unselfishness 
 of the Incarnation itself. 
 
 And nothing could surpass his ingenuity in 
 the choice of missionary texts. Wherever he 
 could find any truth, he could find a way to 
 this richest and most Christlike of all truths. 
 Many who heard it will never forget a striking 
 missionary appeal which he drew once from 
 the text — " And he from within shall answer 
 and say. Trouble me not. The door is now 
 shut and my children are with me in bed. I 
 cannot arise and give thee." But I think the 
 masterpiece of his genius in this matter w^as 
 the missionary sermon which he preached 
 from Judah's words to Joseph as he stood 
 before the new Egyptian ruler, with his little 
 brother Benjamin by his side, and thought of 
 the lonely old man in Canaan, longing for his 
 absent sons — *' How shall I go up to my father 
 and the lad be not with me?" That was a 
 question that made room for the full flaming 
 blaze of his conscience and all the yearning of 
 his soul. 
 
 And the home-driving quality of these texts 
 
1 82 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 was truly illustrative of the man, who was 
 no generalizationist in his teaching, no manip- 
 ulator in his work, no theorizer or scheme 
 builder. He was wont to go straight to the 
 practical heart of all truth and duty. He was 
 such a leader of others as he was because he 
 was in himself a tireless worker. The prin- 
 ciple that it is better to set ten men to work 
 than to do the work of ten men is a very 
 much overdone principle, and it overlooks the 
 simple fact that the only man who is likel}^ to 
 have about him inspiration enough to set ten 
 other men to work must be a man in whom the 
 energies of ten such lesser men as need this 
 inspiration are concentred. 
 
 But I turn from all these things to the per- 
 sonal flavour of his spirit and the quality of 
 his friendships. Much of this flavour and 
 quality sprang from the depth of the old New 
 England reserve, which never left him. There 
 were reticences which were yet revealings and 
 withholdings which were the richest givings. 
 It was this reserve, I am sure, which gave him 
 much of his power. You never heard him 
 speak with the full measure of his voice. 
 There was always a louder tone that he might 
 have used. The very power of his deepest and 
 richest utterances lay in the feeling which he 
 gave you that there were depths beneath these 
 
William Rogers Richards 183 
 
 depths. How well I remember the first ser- 
 mon I ever heard him preach, in Marquand 
 Chapel at Princeton, more than a quarter of 
 a century ago. The sunlight was streaming 
 in through the southern windows and fell in 
 a pool of brightness on his yellow head and 
 the clean, firm outlines of his face. He 
 scarcely raised his eyes from the notes before 
 him, but there was a tremor in the voice and 
 a sense of checked and resolute power which 
 held the young lives in front of him still but 
 quivering. I am not sure whether it was his 
 famous sermon on Samson or not, but it was 
 a sermon which embodied the truth which he 
 loved to draw from that pathetic hero of a 
 far distant age, of the folly of strength with- 
 out reserves of power, without the chains that 
 bind it to achievement. 
 
 And it was this same reserve of temper and 
 of thought which gave such tenderness to his 
 sympathy. Many of us recall him best when 
 he came to us as a comforter and gave gifts 
 whose value came from their cost to the giver. 
 It w^as a pain that was all joy to him to fulfil 
 this ministry. He wept under it, but with that 
 deepest weeping which is tearless. He was one 
 of those to whom the richest spiritual ex- 
 pression is not easy. It was the difficulty that 
 gave it its fragrance and its power. Mr. Pat- 
 
i84 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 terson Du Bois, in his Httle book, " Beckon- 
 ings of Little Hands," tells of a little child 
 of his own who was never known in his short 
 life to mention the name of God, and there 
 were fears that the child's silence sprang from 
 some spiritual atrophy or defect, until, after it 
 had gone to join those other children singing 
 round the Throne, a note-book was found in 
 which the baby hand had written, in letters 
 that sprawled up the page — " God is love. He 
 loves lambs." It was not that the child lacked 
 the thought of God; the thought lay too deep 
 for the sensitive spirit to uncover. 
 
 His reserves were no check, however, on 
 the enthusiasm of his loyalties. His friends 
 knew they were his friends and the world knew 
 it. And beyond his personal friendships there 
 were three great fidelities in which he gave 
 himself with fulness and without reserve. I 
 have been speaking of his faithfulness as a 
 minister of Christ; but he joined to this loy- 
 alty the other two of which he had often 
 sung — " For God, for country, and for 
 Yale." 
 
 And now and then, even in his spiritual 
 utterances, he told us as much as man can tell. 
 One such time at least many will recall, when 
 in the Brick Church in New York City we had 
 met together both to mourn and to rejoice 
 
William Rogers Richards 185 
 
 when that remarkable personality Mrs. Whit- 
 man, or Janet McCook as we knew her, had 
 finished her brief and glorious life here, and 
 we believed we could almost hear the trumpets 
 sounding for her on the other side. Then in 
 the prayer which expressed nothing which 
 silence could best express and left unexpressed 
 nothing which could be put in speech, he said 
 to God for us and to us for God all God could 
 give to be said, and in the completeness of 
 his utterance of what we felt or wanted to 
 feel, revealed himself without reserve and yet 
 wholly concealed, and we knew that even then 
 what had been so long growing before us was 
 made well-nigh complete. Like the Upper 
 Room of which he had delighted to preach, 
 he, too, was prepared and furnished. 
 
 And now when we look out on the hillside 
 where once he was, the boulder which we used 
 to see and by which we were wont to rest 
 is gone, and the sunlight that used to fall upon 
 it is elsewhere shining, but we have still, and 
 of this nothing can bereave us, '' the beloved 
 memory of a righteous man who loved God 
 and truth above all things, a man of untar- 
 nished honour, loyal and chivalrous, tender 
 and true, modest and humble, gentle and 
 strong, pitiful to the weak, yearning after the 
 erring, stern to all forms of wrong and of 
 
1 86 Men Who Were Found Faithful 
 
 oppression, yet most stern to himself, who 
 being angry yet sinned not, who lived unto 
 God here, and passing through the grave and 
 gate of death, now liveth unto God forever- 
 more." 
 
f I V 
 
 XIII 
 
 CONCLUSION 
 
 ^^r I ^HESE all died in faith, not having 
 received the promises, but having 
 seen them and greeted them from 
 afar, and having confessed that they were 
 strangers and pilgrims on the earth. For they 
 that say such things make it manifest that they 
 are seeking after a country of their own. And 
 if indeed they had been mindful of that coun- 
 try from which they went out, they would 
 have had opportunity to return. But now they 
 desire a better country, that is, a heavenly; 
 wherefore God is not ashamed of them, to be 
 called their God; for He hath prepared for 
 them a city. . . . 
 
 " And these all, having had witness borne 
 to them through their faith, received not the 
 promise, God having provided some better 
 thing concerning us, that apart from us they 
 should not be made perfect.'' 
 
 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 
 187 
 
BIOGRAPHY 
 
 SUN VAT SEN 
 
 Sun Yat Sen 
 
 And the Awakening of China. By James Cantlie, 
 MA., M.B., and C. Sheridan Jones. Net $1.25. 
 
 The world has known but few patriots equal to Sun Yat 
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 The narrative is therefore one of intimate appreciation. 
 
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 Arthur T. Pierson 
 
 Spiritual Warrior, Mighty in the Scriptures and 
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 I^ike the author's "Young Men Who Overcame," this 
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 JOHN T. PARIS, P. D. 
 
 Men Who Made Good 
 
 l2mo, cloth, net $1.25. 
 
 These twenty-six brief biographies of men who have 
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MISSIONS, BIOGRAPHICAL 
 
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 DR. GEORGE BROWN 
 
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 JESSE PAGE, F. R. G. S. 
 
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 Preface by Kugene Stock, D. C. L., with frontispiece, 
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 Illustrated, i2mo, cloth, net $2.00. 
 
 There is no more fascinating- story in fiction, or in that 
 truth which is stranger than fiction The years of toil and 
 privation of loneliness and sometimes of danger; how the 
 missionaries persevered with splendid faith and courage until 
 the foundations of a prosperous mission were laid are por- 
 traved with graphic power. It is a book of adventure and 
 human interest and a notable contribution to American for- 
 eign missionary literature." — iPresbyterian Banner. 
 
 WILLIAM ELLIOT GRTFFIS, D.D,, L.H.D. 
 
 A Modern Pioneer in Korea 
 
 The Life Story of Henry G. Appenzeller. Illus- 
 trated, i2mo, cloth, net $1.25. 
 
 TTiis life is another stirring chapter in the record of 
 modern missionary heroism. The author's name is a guar- 
 antee of its thoroughness, accuracy and interest. Dr. Griffis 
 has woven a most picturesque^ and interesting background of 
 Korean landscape, life and history. It is a book that will 
 win interest in missionary effort. 
 
 MARGARET E. BURTON 
 
 Notable Women of Modern China 
 
 Illustrated, i2mo, cloth, net $1.25. 
 
 TTie author's earlier work on the general subject of 
 Wbmen's Education in China, indicates her ability to treat 
 with peculiar interest and discernment the characters making 
 up this volume of striking biographies. If these women are 
 types to be followed by a great company of like aspirations 
 the future of the nation is assured. 
 
 ROBERT McCHEYNE MATEER 
 
 Character-Building in China 
 
 The Life Story of Julia Brown Mateer. Illustra- 
 ted, i2mo, cloth, net $1.00. 
 
 "Gives a vivid, many-sided picture of missionary work. 
 It is, in fact, an answer to such questions as, How is mis- 
 sionary life practically lived? It is of engrossing interest 
 alike to the advocates of missionary work and general readers 
 who enjoy real glimpses of foreign and pagan civilization." — 
 Presbyterian Advance, 
 
CriRISTOLOGY 
 
 *■ '" - "■_ 
 
 PHILIP VOLLMER, Ph. D. , D. D. 
 
 The Modern Student's Life of Chri^ 
 
 i2mo, cloth, net $i.oo. 
 
 Students, Higher Institutions of Learning, Advanced Bible 
 School Classes, and other organizations will find in this 
 thorough-going volume a text book that combines the results 
 of the very best modern scholarship with a spiritual presenta- 
 tion of the subject that will stir the heart and conscience. 
 
 Part I. Introduction to the Life of Christ. 
 
 Part II. Ihe Events of the Life of Christ. 
 
 Part III. General Aspects of the Life of Christ. 
 
 JOSEPH FORT NEWTON 
 
 The Eternal Chri^ 
 
 Studies in the Life of Vision and Service. Net $i.oo. 
 
 The sanity, reverence and exquisite literary finish of 
 these essays will capture the affection of every discerning 
 reader. Mr. Newton handles his subject as one who is 
 familiar with the inner things of humanity. He moves among 
 the poets, sages and scientists, as one who has lived long in 
 the corridors of some great treasure house of art and knows 
 the objects most worthy attention. 
 
 HERBERT L WILLETT, Ph.D. Professor in the 
 
 ' " University of Chicag* 
 
 The Call of The Christ 
 
 A Study of the Challenge of Jesus to the Present 
 Century. i2moy cloth, net $i.oo. 
 
 "Seldom has the challenge of Jesus to the present cen- 
 tury been presented so earnestly, so persuasively. As a 
 vital, living, convincing portrayal of Qhrist, scholarly yet 
 simple, positive but not dogmatic, spiritual but not pietistic, 
 it is a delight and an inspiration." — Record-Herald. 
 
 GEORGE CLARKE PECK, D.D. 
 
 The Method of the Master 
 
 A Study of the Clinics of Jesus. Introduction by 
 S. Parkes Cadman, D.D. i2mo, cloth, net $i.oo. 
 
 These studies in the problems of the hour are timely 
 and suggestive. They cover well nigh the entire range of 
 human ills and they apply to these "diseases of our hearts" 
 the balm of the great physician. The author has a message 
 that will stir men's minds and souls, and spur to action. 
 
 €. A, JOHNSTON' ROSS, M, A, 
 
 The Cross : The Report of a Misgiving 
 
 i6mo, boards, net 25c. 
 
 "He strikes a fresh note of lofty and sustained Interest. 
 He shows a reverent familiarity with every great topic, a 
 wide understanding of spiritual meaning, a force and beauty 
 of expression which command the closest attention."— C/im- 
 tian Advocate^ 
 
Pnnceion Theologi 
 
 C3l Sem,nary-Speer Ubra-y 
 
 77oi2 01084 7020 
 
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