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 BX 6480 .M34 L48 1888 
 
 Lewis, J. Nelson 
 
 Judson centennial service: 
 
1788. AUGUST Othi, 186 
 
 
 6. 
 
 'jODSON CENTENNIAL SERVICES. 
 
 A CON/[]PILAXION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ADDRESSES, PAPERS, AID REMARKS, 
 
 GIVEN AT THESE SERVICES; 
 
 TOGETHER WITH 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS RECEIVED BY THE 
 COMMITTEE, ETC.; 
 
 BY 
 
 REV. J. NELSON LEWIS, PASTOR, 
 
 OF 
 
 THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, 
 
 MALDEN, MASS. 
 
 MYSTIC SIDE PRESS : 
 A. Q. BeOWN, STEAM FRINTEK. 
 
■^372 
 
/ 
 
 'l.l ^^^ 
 
 C^^^^C^ ^C;^^^^:?-Z1-^ 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 It was but natural that the Baptist church, occupying the 
 field so distinguished as the birthplace of Adoniram Judson, 
 should make the memorable 9th of August, 1888, a day for 
 especial memorial services. At the first the more local observ- 
 ance was in mind, but as the matter was entered upon, the wide 
 significance of the day in the calendar of Baptist mission history, 
 and all mission history, led to a widening of the plan, until it 
 included in its invitations the churches in the immediate vicin- 
 ity, and officers of the National and State Baptist bodies, with 
 leading men of other faiths. Had it been less wide in its rep- 
 resentation, the service would not have called for an extended 
 report. But the correspondence of the Committee became so 
 interesting, the speeches of the visiting brethren were so able 
 and valuable, and so many choice things were crowded out for 
 want of time, that it seemed but justice to the church itself, 
 and to the denomination at large, that a full report of the pro- 
 ceedings should be made ; and more, that they should be made 
 in convenient and permanent form. 
 
 For these reasons we have issued the present pamphlet, and 
 trust that the labor of compiling may find its reward in a wider 
 impulse to foreign missions being given to the churches where 
 these pages shall come. In the make-up we have followed as 
 nearly as practicable the programme of the day. 
 
 J. NELSON LEWIS. 
 Pastor^ s Study, Maiden, I^ov. 1, 1888. 
 
COMMITTEES ON JUDSON CENTENNIAL 
 
 GENERAL COMMITTEE. 
 REV. J. NELSON LEWIS, Chairman. 
 
 A. R. TURNER, Jr., Secretary. 
 
 W. C. LANGLEY, Treasurer. 
 
 SUB-COMMITTEES, with name of Chairman. 
 
 Speakers and Music, J. N. Lewis. 
 
 Invitation, Dea. J. H. Parker. 
 
 Reception, Dea. E. S. Converse. 
 
 Registration, Mr. C. C. Converse. 
 
 Church Arrangements, .... Mr. E. F. Bickford. 
 
 Decoration, Mr. Geo. C. Currier. 
 
 Reception at Birthplace, . . . Dea. David Hutchins. 
 Reception at Depots, . . . Mr. Arthur Leonard. 
 
 Collation, Mrs. Charles Watts. 
 
 Entertainment, Mr. Jesse Cudworth. 
 
DECORATIONS AND DEVOTBKS. 
 
 IFrom Zion's Advocate.'] 
 
 " The church was elegantly decorated for the occasion. On 
 the wall at the left of the pulpit is a marble tablet, placed there 
 many years ago by the late Dea. Charles Merrill, containing this 
 inscription written by S. F. Smith, author of " America : " 
 
 IN MEMORIAM, 
 
 REV. ADONIRAM JUDSON. 
 
 BORN AUG. 9, 1788. 
 
 DIED APRIL 12, 1850. 
 
 MALDEN HIS BIRTHPLACE, 
 
 THE OCEAN HIS SEPULCHRE. 
 
 CONVERTED BURMANS AND 
 
 THE BURMAN BIBLE 
 
 HIS MONUMENT. 
 
 HIS RECORD IS ON HIGH. 
 
 Above the tablet an oil portrait of Dr. Judson was hung. 
 On either side were red and blue silk pennants, while evergreens 
 and vines enclosed the tablet. Below was an open copy of Jud- 
 son's Burmese Bible adorned with flowers, and beneath, an 
 inscription, "• Rangoon, Mandalay, Ava, 1788-1888." On the 
 pulpit platform, at the left, resting on a bank of ferns, was a 
 beautiful floral representaion of the bark "Caravan," in which 
 Judson and his wife sailed from Salem, Mass., Feb. 19, 1812. 
 The hull was composed of white China asters, with a water line 
 
/ 
 
 8 JtJDSON 'CENfENNIAL. 
 
 (' 
 
 of purple immortelles. On the right of the pulpit platform was 
 an old arm-chair, used by Dr. Judson while translating the Bible 
 into the Burmese language. It is the property of Rev. Dr. A. P. 
 Mason, and was a gift to him from Dr. Judson. On the wall 
 back of the pulpit were the words, ''America, Burma." There 
 was also on exhibition, in an open frame under glass, the first 
 letter written by Ann H. Judson after she became a Baptist. 
 It was addressed to Mrs. Jonathan Carleton, of Boston, and was 
 signed "Nancy Judson." In it she says: "We have found by 
 experience since we left our native land that the Lord is indeed 
 a covenant-keeping God, and takes care of those who confide in 
 Him. I have ever considered it a singular favor that God has 
 given me an opportunity to spend my days in a heathen land." 
 At the hour for the afternoon service, half-past two, the house 
 was crowded in every part. Missionaries, pastors, representa- 
 tives of churches, each wearing a white silk badge on which was 
 printed in blue, a sketch of Judson's birthplace, with an appro- 
 priate inscription, were there from all parts of the country, a 
 notable company, while on the pulpit platform were grouped 
 the various participants in the service. 
 
 A reception at the Judson birthplace, a description of which 
 is given in this pamphlet, immediately followed the afternoon 
 service, and the honored and widely-known son, Edward Jud- 
 son, D. D., here extended the hand of welcome, to the tribute 
 paying friends of the infant first sheltered by the same roof that 
 now sheltered the son. 
 
CONDKNSKD HISTORY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 KiRST Baptist Church, 
 
 MALDEN, MASS. 
 
 Taken from Church Manual. 
 
 HE town of Maiden was incorporated in 1649. About 
 that time a Congregational church was formed, which 
 ^ continued to be the only church at the Centre until 1803, 
 when the First Baptist church was organized. 
 
 For several years before the formation of this church, a few 
 persons in the town were known to entertain Baptist sentiments. 
 Various circumstances had led some of the more pious people to 
 examine the subject of believers' baptism. Not a few of the 
 members of the Parish church, admitted through infant baptism, 
 had become the active opponents of the great revival which was 
 then commencing in New England. An energetic protest to 
 the settlement of Mr. Judson, the father of our beloved Burman 
 missionary, had ])een entered on the records, because he was of 
 the " Bade Hopkintonian Principles." The opposition to what 
 was then so properly called " experimental religion," at length 
 prevailed, and Mr. Judson retired. But the eyes of many were 
 opened. They began to inquire whether the so-called " infant 
 believers' baptism " was the only authorized baptism ; and hence, 
 by that scriptural precedent to which all appealed, according to 
 which, baptism is required before the communion, those who 
 had not received believers' baptism were not suitable candidates 
 for the " table of the Lord." But while some professed their 
 
10 JiJDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 convictions, and united with Baptist churches in this vicinity, 
 others remained waiting to see whereunto this thing would 
 grow. Meanwhile, there was in this town an alarming dearth 
 of spiritual religion. Such was the state of things when in 1797 
 Rev. Dr. Shephard, of Brentwood, N. H., visited Maiden, and 
 was invited to preach at the house of Mr. John Tufts. This 
 sermon, the first Baptist sermon ever preached in the town, 
 attracted immediate attention, so different was its whole spirit 
 from anything heard at the Parish church. Meetings were con- 
 tinued on the afternoon and evening of every third Wednesday, 
 Rev. Messrs. Shephard, Peak and Smith officiating. God blessed 
 the enterprise, and a revival of religion was the result. Sabbath 
 preaching began in the year 1800. The first person baptized in 
 Maiden was Mrs. Lois Tufts, who received the ordinance at the 
 hands of Rev. E. Smith. 
 
 In 1803, Rev. Henry Pottle visiting the place, was invited 
 to preach. He was a zealous and warm-hearted man, and under 
 his fervent appeals a very large number were awakened, about 
 fifty of whom he subsequently baptized. From the Centre school 
 house where services had been held, persecution soon drove the 
 little band. No other place could be found, except the barn on 
 Salem street, owned by Mr. Benjamin Faulkner. It was an 
 humble sanctuary, and there, undeterred by the winter storm, 
 or the opposition of their enemies, the little band enjoyed the 
 favor of their God. 
 
 Near the close of the year 1803, forty-two persons who had 
 been baptized, agreed, under the direction of Mr. Pottle, to form 
 a Baptist church. They met at the house of Mr. Phillips, and 
 Mr. Joseph Dyer was chosen clerk. A committee was appointed 
 to call a Council, that their proceedings might be regular in 
 form, and that the new church might be in fellowship with the 
 surrounding churches of their " Faith and Order." The Coun- 
 cil, composed of delegates from the Baptist churches in Boston, 
 Newton and Beverly, convened on the 27th of December, 1803, 
 in the barn, when the brethren and sisters, forty-two in num- 
 ber, were duly constituted and recognized as a church, under 
 the name of the First Baptist church in Maiden. Rev. Dr. 
 Stillman, of Boston, preached the sermon of recognition, from 
 1 Chron. 29: 5, '■'■Who is willing to consecrate this day his service 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 11 
 
 unto the Lord ? " The Hand of Fellowship was given to the 
 representative of the new church by Rev. T. Baldwin, of Boston- 
 It will be seen that this church originated in a revival of re- 
 ligion, and this revival was induced, under God, by the study 
 of the scriptures. The stand taken by our fathers upon the 
 matter of baptism for believers only, was instrumental in call- 
 ing the public attention to the need in which men stood of 
 becoming, personally, believers. And the founders of this 
 church, and their successors, have alwaj^s insisted upon credible 
 evidence of personal piety before admitting any to the ordinance 
 of baptism. 
 
 The church thus constituted, continued to meet in the barn 
 until September, 1804, when their first house of worship was so 
 far completed that they could occupy it. It was built on Salem 
 street, on the ground now set apart as a rural cemetery, and 
 when finished, it was publicly dedicated to the service of God. 
 The sermon was preached by Rev. T. Baldwin, from 1 Sam. 7 : 
 12, '■''Hitherto hath the Lord helped us.^' The prayer of dedica- 
 tion was offered by Rev. E. Williams. 
 
 On the 10th of April following, the committee engaged Mr. 
 Pottle to be pastor for one year. In January, 1804, the Lord's 
 Supper was celebrated for the first time, when sixty-four per- 
 sons sat down to commemorate " the Lord's death," fifty-two of 
 them being recent converts. 
 
 The pastors of this church have been Rev. Mr. Pottle, 1804- 
 1807 ; Rev. William Bentley, 1807-1808 ; 1808-1816, no settled 
 pastor ; Rev. Ebenezer Nelson, 1816-1823 ; Rev. John Cookson, 
 1824-1826 ; Rev. J. N. Brown, December, 1826-January, 1828 ; 
 Rev. Avery Briggs. 1828-1832; Rev. Conant Sawyer, 1832- 
 1835 ; Rev. E. N. Harris, 1837, about one year ; Rev. Joseph 
 M. Driver, 1838-1840 ; Rev. Nathaniel W. Williams, 1840-1843 ; 
 Rev. John Cookson (2d time), 1843-1848; Rev. Charles B. 
 Smith, 1848-1850 ; Rev. William F. Stubbert, September, 1851- 
 1859; Rev. D. W. Faunce, D. D., May, 1860- August, 1866; 
 Rev. George F. Warren, June, 1867-November, 1869 ; Rev. 
 S. W. Foljambe, D.D., July, 1870-1887 ; Rev. J. Nelson Lewis, 
 October, 1887, present pastor. 
 
NlKNIORIAIv HYIVLN, 
 
 Written for the occasion by Rev. S. F. SMITH, D. D. 
 
 AUTHOR OF "AMERICA." 
 Tune:— Duke Street. 
 
 What grateful mem'ries o'er us throng! 
 
 Like billows on the boundless sea, 
 Bursts of heav'n's mighty song, 
 
 Grand foretastes of eternity. 
 
 'Twas here the cradle song began, 
 'Twas here the pulse of life was stirred, 
 
 Of him, the great, th' heroic man, 
 
 Whose name round the whole world is heard. 
 
 What sounding honors shall we bring. 
 What hymns of holy triumph raise 
 
 To Him who plumed the infant wing 
 O'er distant lands lo waft His praise ? 
 
 Our eager hands with joy shall lift 
 
 The banner which be first unfurled, — 
 
 To myriad souls a priceless gift, — 
 The signal of a conquered world. 
 
MHiMORIAL ADDRKSS, 
 
 BY 
 
 REV. J. N. MURDOCK, D. D., LL.D., 
 Foreign Sec'y of The American Baptist Missionary Union. 
 
 Mr. Chairman., and Christian Friends : — 
 
 T WAS glad while in England to learn that this church, lo- 
 'f ' cated in the ancient town where Adoniram Judson was 
 ] born, was making arrangements to commemorate the cen- 
 tennial of his birth. The public records verify this as the place, 
 and this 9th of August, 1788, as the date, of the birth of one of 
 the greatest men of his time. Maiden does itself honor in hon- 
 oring the memory and recalling the services of its most distin- 
 guished son. Though it fell to my lot more than thirty years 
 ago, as editor of the Christian Revieu\ to write an account of 
 Dr. Judson's life and work, in reviewing his memoirs by the 
 late President Wayland, and though I have so recently written 
 and published a centennial sketch, grouping the incidents of 
 his life around the two thoughts, that God selected him as the 
 Apostle of Burma, and kept Burma open for his coming, and 
 can therefore hardly expect to say anything very fresh on this 
 occasion, I gladly contribute what I can in carrying out your 
 most worthy design. 
 
 We can scared}^ fail to be reminded of the vast changes 
 that have taken place during the hundred years since Judson 
 entered into this earthly life. The rural community in which 
 he made his advent has become involved in a great metropolitan 
 centre. The town of Boston, which was then only a slightly 
 
14 JUDSGN CENTENNIAL. 
 
 overgrown village, has become an imperial city, in which the 
 lines of commerce and the communication of thought converge. 
 The scattered and widely-separated nations, once so remote in 
 point of time and space, have become so connected by steam 
 and electricity as to constitute only a dense and vast commu- 
 nity. One hundred years ago there were less than 3,000,000 
 inhabitants of a new republic where there are now more than 
 65,000,000. Then, all the members in the evangelical churches 
 numbered less than 300,000 ; now there are more than 14,000,- 
 000. There was then no well-organized missionary society in 
 all the land, though John Eliot and David Brainerd had wrought 
 nobly for the conversion of some of the Indian tribes. The 
 church had not yet come to understand the command of her 
 Lord to "go into all the world and preach the gospel to every 
 creature." In fact, with the exception of the Moravian move- 
 ment of 1732, and the Halle-Danish Society, neither of which 
 had produced very marked results, there was not a sign of world- 
 wide evangelistic purpose. I do not mention the English Soci- 
 ety for the Propagation of the Gospel, for that was not designed 
 as an evangelizing agency. Now there are more than 150 mis- 
 sionary societies, employing 7,000 agents who are preaching the 
 gospel to the benighted peoples of the earth, and the foreign 
 missionary enterprise has become the centre and focus of the 
 Christian activities of the time. A hundred years ago, the 
 churches were indifferent or doubtful, while all the govern- 
 ments of the world, Christian as well as pagan, were arrayed 
 against missions to the heathen. Now, every spiritual church 
 in all the world is committed to the great work, while ^the pow- 
 ers of the earth are in active league with it, or are consenting 
 to it. When the babe of one hundred years ago was born in 
 yonder Puritan parsonage, there were a little over 40,000,000 
 Protestants in all the world ; now there are about 170,000,000. 
 What a century this dawning life began I If the next hundred 
 years shall go on in the same ratio of progress, the second cen- 
 tennial of Judson's birth will be kept amidst the dazzling glories 
 and jubilant songs of the millennial day ! 
 
 It is not too much to say that the man, whom we have met 
 here to commemorate, contributed his full share to the marvel- 
 lous religious progress of the last hundred years. His life com- 
 
JUDSON CENTKNNIAL. 15 
 
 prised only sixty-one years and eight months of the century we 
 are contemplating, but how great and far-reaching was the work 
 he did, and the agencies he set in motion. His share in the 
 constitution of the American Board was very considerable, if 
 it was not leading; and without a doubt he was the occasion of 
 calling the Baptist Board into existence and vigorous action. 
 When we reflect how vast and beneficent the issues of these two 
 societies have been, and how incommensurable are the possibili- 
 ties involved in their foundation, their missions, their mission- 
 aries, their thousands of converts, every one of whom is a mul- 
 tiplication of evangelistic force, their colleges and theological 
 seminaries, and other schools of various grades, all contributing 
 to consolidate the people into effective factors of future prog- 
 ress, we only get glimpses of the significance of the life which 
 opened a century ago. 
 
 We cannot account for the results to which we have alluded 
 by saying that the life of Judson fell on a period of dawning 
 light, and of an unfolding divine purpose. We sometimes say 
 that men are formed by the circumstances in which their lives 
 are cast. But circumstances do not make men. At the most 
 they only test the qualities of men, and show what their real 
 making is. All the great predestinated movements in society 
 are brought to pass through the instrumentality of predestinated 
 men, — men of giant mould and exceptional endowments. The 
 hour and the man are always matched in the providential plan. 
 Dr. Judson was a great man in the highest sense of that phrase ; 
 great in intellect, great in will, great in moral qualities, fertile 
 in resources, inflexible in purpose, and unswerving in integrity. 
 These endowments were informed and pervaded by a spiritual 
 consecration, which subordinated every faculty and power to 
 the obedience of faith. Here, then, was the hiding of his pow- 
 er. He accomplished the great results of his life, not from the 
 intensity of his love for humanity, not even under the fervors 
 of his love for Him whom he had deliberately accepted as his 
 Lord and Pattern, but from an overmastering and all-compre- 
 hending sense of Duty. From the day that he accepted Christ 
 as his Saviour, he also accepted the law of service. Having 
 been bought with a price, he belonged henceforth to his Master, 
 and gave himself up to obey His Word and do His will. 
 
16 
 
 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 This sense of loyalty to Christ led to the effort which he 
 made, in company with others, to organize a society for foreign 
 missions. The petition which he drafted for the General Asso- 
 ciation of Massachusetts, the interviews he held with the lead- 
 ing ministers of the Commonwealth, and the importunity with 
 which he followed them, all came from this lofty principle. This 
 sustained him in the face of difficulties, rendered him superior 
 alike to ridicule and reproach, and held him steadily to the one 
 end he had set before him, as at once the guide and inspiration 
 of his life. 
 
 See also the force of this supreme motive in enabling him to 
 sever the ties and surrender all the privileges and hallowed asso- 
 ciations of country and home and Christian fellowship, to go to 
 a land of darkness and barbarous customs, to dwell among, and 
 labor for a people whose tender mercies were cruel. He stood, 
 as a soldier of Christ, on a forlorn hope, not counting his life 
 dear unto himself, that he might finish the ministry he had re- 
 ceived of the Lord Jesus, to testify the gospel of the grace of 
 God to the heathen. Closing his eyes to all the seductions of 
 home and friends, and the sanctified pleasures of Christian asso- 
 ciations, he went fortli, bound in the Spirit, to his divinely 
 appointed and accepted work. In spite of the doubts of the 
 majority of his brethren, the remonstrances of well-meaning 
 friends, and the jeers and contempt of a scoffing world, he reso- 
 lutely pursued his way, not knowing the things that would 
 befall him. 
 
 Moreover, we are able to see, in the light of this motive, 
 how he was borne on in the careful investigation which he 
 instituted, as to the grounds of the faith and practice which he 
 had received from the traditions of his fathers. Far be it from 
 us to refer to Dr. Judson's change of ecclesiastical relations in 
 any controversial or sectarian sense. It is only because the 
 change belongs to his history, and contributed so largely to 
 shape his subsequent life, that it is referred to here. He had 
 only one thought in beginning and prosecuting his researches, 
 which was to be sure of his ground, and to know the way of 
 duty. When Mrs. Judson begged him to desist from the inves- 
 tigations relating to the form and subjects of Baptism, in view 
 of the unhappy consequences to which they might lead, he re- 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 17 
 
 plied that " his duty compelled him to satisfy his own mind, 
 and to embrace those sentiments which appeared most concord- 
 ant with scripture." Whatever we may think respecting the 
 soundness of the conclusions which he reached, no one can doubt 
 the bitter trial he experienced, at a time when tolerance of his 
 new views was immeasurably less than it is to-day, in severing 
 his connection with the church of his father and family, with all 
 his friends and co-laborers in the new missionary enterprise, with 
 the Board he had helped to organize, and in forfeiting, to all 
 human appearance, the prospect of support in his chosen work. 
 A less courageous man, a man of a less uncompromising sense 
 of duty, might have felt satisfied in stifling the convictions of 
 conscience, as many have done since his day in respect to doc- 
 trines more vital than that of baptism. But he gladly bore the 
 heavy and most unenviable cross involved in separation from 
 all whom he had loved, trusted and honored in his previous life, 
 and from all his fondly cherished hopes born of human relation- 
 ships and associations. For we must remember that his embar- 
 rassment arose, not only from the ties which he severed, but 
 also from the repulsions he would have to overcome. Mrs. 
 Judson, in the account she gave of the change, did not conceal 
 the aversion she had long felt to the followers of the newly 
 accepted faith, and there is no reason to suppose that Mr. Jud- 
 son's traditional prejudice was less than hers. In fact, it is 
 impossible for us, in these times of better acquaintance and 
 larger charity, to understand the mutual antipathies which the 
 Congregationalists and Baptists of those days entertained toward 
 each other. It must have been a sore trial to bear the reproach 
 of desertion from the old to the new and despised fold. Noth- 
 ing less than the bond of duty could have held the young mis- 
 sionary to such a sacrifice, 
 
 And then see how this motive influenced his course in the 
 face of the opposition, and even persecution, instituted by the 
 East India government. Fixed in the purpose to do the will of 
 God, he became clear-sighted in respect to his providential way. 
 He was sure that way did not lead to London, where the author- 
 ities tried to send him. He thought of the Dutch East India 
 Islands as a place of rest and a field of labor, but never for a 
 moment of turning back. Naturally gifted with remarkable 
 
18 J UDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 insight, he was quick to find the heart of any problem which 
 rose in his path. He would temporize, he would wait, he would 
 hide himself for a little time, and bide the solution of events. 
 He had come forth on no holiday excursion ; there was no 
 touch of adventure or romance in his mind : he knew whom he 
 had believed and followed, and that the hand which had led 
 him so far would still guide and keep him. The present hori- 
 zon was very narrow, but around him and within him was the 
 light which shows the way, and cheers the heart of the man 
 whose chief aim and watchword is Duty. And so he went from 
 point to point to escape arrest, until he was providentially thrust 
 into Burma. This event was to him the solution of the ques- 
 tion as to where the Lord would have him go, and what he 
 would have him do. Many men would have settled the prob- 
 lem long before he did, by retreat and abandonment of the 
 enterprise ; but his vision was too clear, and his purpose was 
 too high, for that, and so he went right on till the goal was 
 reached, and his outward environment answered to the divine 
 foreordination that was in him. 
 
 The field which he reached at length, in a manner so mys- 
 terious, had been partially occupied in succession by two Eng- 
 lish Missionary Societies, the Baptist and the London ; but little 
 trace of their work was left behind them. He was obliged to 
 begin the mastery of the language without any reliable help. In 
 the great work of preparation for his mission was displayed 
 another remarkable quality on which his success so largely 
 depended, namely : his unrelaxing persistency of purpose. The 
 long and patient drill which he took in the structural forms 
 and tonal modifications of a most difficult language, the careful 
 arrangement of its grammatical inflections, and the production 
 of grammars and vocabularies, constituted his first work. Then 
 he made himself acquainted with the literature, including the 
 sacred books of the people, to a degree that no one has since 
 equalled. Then he investigated the natural history, the vege- 
 table productions, the mineral riches and the qualities of the 
 soil. He omitted nothing that could contribute to the fullest 
 preparation for the translation of the sacred scriptures into the 
 language of the people. All this work was done for this single 
 and holy end. When he was asked to arrange his vast collec- 
 
JUDSON CKNTKXMAL. 19 
 
 tion of materials for publication in the interests of science, he 
 refused to entertain the proposition, and even objected to Mrs. 
 Judson's devoting any portion of her time for the purpose, 
 though large remuneration awaited the work. He was a man 
 of one idea and one work. He was ready to undertake any 
 service, however difficult, which tended to forward his great 
 aim, while he steadily refused to take any place, or engage in 
 any labor which diverged from the exact line of missionary ser- 
 vice. He could say, with Paul, " This one thing I do." And 
 he did his work so well as to secure the commendation of all 
 competent judges, because he never relaxed his grip of it, or 
 allowed his time or strength to be diverted into other channels. 
 
 During these stages of preparatory study, he maintained 
 daily preaching in his house or in zayats to those whom he could 
 induce to hear him. As soon as he was able to write the lan- 
 guage, he prepared tracts, setting forth the truths of Christian- 
 ity in a familiar way, made translations of portions of the New 
 Testament, and thus in season and out of season scattered the 
 living seed by the wayside, or spoke to the people the word of 
 life. He found many listeners, but few inquirers, during the 
 early years of his residence in Burma. But his persistency 
 never gave way ; he continued to give out line upon line, pre- 
 cept upon precept, here a little and there a little, in never-ceas- 
 ing streams of utterance. Some of the friends in this country 
 became anxious because no conversions were reported ; but he 
 pointed them to the promise of God, and worked on, and waited 
 six years to see his first convert put on Christ by baptism. This 
 confidence in God, and in the result of labor done in His name, 
 rises to the pitch of sublimity. What a picture this calm, plod- 
 ding, patient, ever-watchful, ever-active Christian worker pre- 
 sents, sitting amid the unbroken night, the unrelieved dreari- 
 ness of heathenism, sustained by the unshaken assurance that 
 having sown in tears, he would reap in joy. And the promise 
 of God did not fail. 
 
 Soon the work of translating the scriptures, for which he 
 had made such ample and conscientious preparation, became 
 the chief work of his life. Few men of modern times have 
 begun this vastly important work with such thorough qualifica- 
 tion as respects natural endowment and special culture. Line 
 
20 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 by line and word by word he went through the original text, 
 seeking to convey to his Burman readers the exact meaning of 
 the Spirit, till on the last day of January, 1834, he completed 
 his most responsible and exacting task, and holding the last leaf 
 in his hand, exclaimed : " Thank God, I can now say I have at- 
 tained." I seem to see the man of God bowing his knees beside 
 the rude table on which he has wrought during seventeen toil- 
 some and anxious years, with the last leaf of the Burman Bible 
 still moist with the traces of the well-worn pen, beseeching God 
 to pardon the errors of his work, and make it '•^ the grand instru- 
 ment of filling all Burma with songs of praise to our great God 
 and Saviour, Jesus Christ." Three times he reviewed and re. 
 vised his work. He states that the third and last revision, made 
 as the result of light acquired through the studies connected 
 with his Burman dictionary, cost him as much labor as the 
 original translation. 
 
 The last work which engrossed his thought and time was his 
 great Burman-English and English-Burman Dictionary. He 
 was loth to begin it ; he longed to preach the word which he 
 had transferred to the Burman language, in public places to the 
 people. It was for this that he had gone to the heathen, and 
 he desired most of all to preach Christ to the perishing as the 
 Way, the Truth and the Life. But his failing voice paved the 
 way for the conviction that, after all, God might have chosen 
 him for the work of the study and the closet, instead of the 
 open ways of life. Accordingly he entered on the work, and in 
 1843, on the twenty-ninth anniversary of his landing in Burma, 
 he writes : "• Notwithstanding my long-cherished aversion to the 
 work, I have come to think it very important. Having seen 
 the accomplishment of two objects on which I had set my heart 
 when I first came out to the East, — the establishment of a 
 church of converted natives, and the translation of the Bible 
 into their language, — I now beguile my daily toil with the pros- 
 pect of compassing a third, designed to facilitate the transmis- 
 sion of all knowledge, religious and scientific, from one people 
 to the other." 
 
 But the work was destined to a partial interruption. In 
 April, 1845, he was obliged to sail with Mrs. Judson and three 
 of their children for America, after a continued residence in a 
 
JtJDSOK CENTENNIAL. 21 
 
 tropical climate of nearly thirty-three years. He had often been 
 urged by the society, and by missionaries, to take a home vaca- 
 tion, but he had steadily declined to do so, till the failing health 
 of Mrs. Judson made a change imperative. But he took two 
 native writers with him, and during the voyage, as well as the 
 greater part of his sojourn in this country, the work was stead- 
 ily advanced. 
 
 Who that has lingered over the heroic and touching story 
 of our missions has not heard of the incidents of this passage ? 
 The partial recovery of Mrs. Judson, and the arrangement for 
 her to pursue the voyage with the three children from the Isle 
 of France, while the husband and father was to return to Bur- 
 ma; the sudden relapse which overtook the wife, and her death 
 and burial on the rock of St. Helena, and the lonely journey of 
 the bereaved husband with his motherless children to this coun- 
 try, constitute one of the most pathetic passages in the check- 
 ered life of the great missionary. 
 
 It is not necessary to dwell on the sojourn of Dr. Judson in 
 this country. It is well known that he was ill at ease, and 
 longed to be gone from scenes which distracted his mind from 
 the work that had now become engrossing. The country was 
 strange to him after an absence of nearly a generation, the men 
 whom he met were personally strangers to him ; even those with 
 whom he had corresponded during the early clays of his resi- 
 dence in the East had gone to their rest, while few of those con- 
 nected with the American Board when he sailed from Salem 
 were alive ; he was somewhat averse to public meetings, in 
 which he could take no part on account of the weakness of his 
 voice ; the strain of eulogy and laudation, which was so com- 
 mon in all references to him and his work, was distasteful to 
 him ; he was not as free as he wished, to push on the work of 
 the dictionary, and he was eager to complete his arrangements 
 for the care of his children, and go back to the country of his 
 choice and the scenes hallowed by trial, suffering and holy com- 
 panionship, that he might finish the work which could be done 
 better in Burxna than anywhere else. 
 
 I need not relate the story of his marriage to the gifted lady 
 whose genius was exalted and refined by her association with 
 him. She commemorated him as her "Angel Guide " in one of 
 
22 JtTDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 the sweetest domestic poems in the English language, and also 
 contributed some of the most valuable personal notices of his 
 character, opinions and work which enrich the pages of the biog- 
 raphies of President Wayland, and of his son, Dr. Edward Jud- 
 son. Nor need I dwell longer on the brief years spent in suf- 
 fering and toil, after the return to Burma. The wiry frame 
 was losing its tension, the step was becoming unsteady, the 
 strength of former years was wasted, but he would not rest, and 
 he could not die till the great work was in such a state of for- 
 wardness that his death could not diminish its value. And so 
 he worked early and late, until the spring of 1850 saw the dic- 
 tionary practically completed. Alas for us that his life and his 
 work were destined to close together ! He consented to take a 
 sea voyage in the hope of recruiting his wasted energies, but 
 they were too far spent. The light flickered faintly in the 
 socket, and finally, on the 12th of April, went out. So he liter- 
 ally died at his post, with the harness on. He died compara- 
 tively young, but if the poet was right when he said, 
 
 " That life is long which answers life's great end," 
 
 his brief stage expands into immortality. He went to the East 
 to found a church of converted natives, and to translate the 
 Bible into their language. The church that he founded abides 
 on the Rock of Ages, and the Word which he translated for its 
 direction, upbuilding and sanctification, liveth and abideth for- 
 ever. 
 
 Most impressively are we reminded, by the career of Ado- 
 niram Johnson, how great a thing a human life may be when 
 consecrated to duty ; how lofty in aim, how grand in action, 
 how heroic in endurance, and how wide and high and beneficent 
 in results. What monument does he need ? His deeds will 
 keep his memory fresh through all coming generations. Judson 
 reared his own fittest memorial, of material more enduring than 
 marble. No words of eulogy can add to the measure of his 
 fame, which will grow with the lapse of years, while the results 
 of his work will go on augmenting to proportions which only 
 eternity can disclose. 
 
RKMARKS BY N. O. CLARIv, IJ. D., 
 Foreign Secretary of the " American Board." 
 
 As it was impossible, as he was from home, to get from Dr. 
 Clark a written form for his interesting and impressive re- 
 marks, we insert the report made of them by The Examiner, of 
 New York : 
 
 ''Dr. Clark was called upon to speak forthe Congregational- 
 ists, and said it was very fitting he should do so, as, but for his 
 people, the Baptists might never have had Judson, and might 
 have been much slower in entering upon missionary work. He 
 claimed Judson for the whole world, as belonging to the best 
 Christian sentiment of mankind. The world looks to him as an 
 example of remarkably fine talent, of high, true spirit, — such 
 an example as they wanted to hold up to the young men of their 
 seminaries. He believed Judson one of the finest illustrations 
 of the plan of God, in raising up peculiar men for a peculiar 
 work. He would like to see a memorial in a hundred of the 
 finest young men gathered from the institutions of learning, 
 who should c'v.secrate themselves to such a life of self-sacrifice 
 as Judson's." 
 
ADDRESS 
 
 ANDREW PEABODY, D. D., LL. D. 
 
 NEVER saw Dr. Judson, and yet I feel as if I had known 
 him intimately. His was liitle more than a vaguely hon- 
 ored name, when I undertook to write a review of " Gam- 
 m ell's History of Baptist Missions." I subsequently performed 
 the same oftice for Wayland's " Life of Judson." In these books, 
 and through every source of information that has been opened 
 to me, I have studied the life and character of Adoniram Jud- 
 son, and in the entire history of Christian heroism, I can recall 
 no other name which I should be so ready to place beside that 
 of St. Paul, whom I regard as the greatest man that God ever 
 made, and as having been empowered for his special work, not 
 by his Christlikeness alone, but by the capacities and endow- 
 ments that would have made him pre-eminent in any place or 
 sphere. Judson seems to have been arrested on the way, as Paul 
 was, by a call as truly divine as was the miraculous vision that 
 made the persecutor an apostle of the faith which he " once de- 
 stroyed." As I read the record of Judson's early life, I cannot 
 doubt that he might have reached the summit of his ambition 
 at the bar, in the senate, or in high official rank, and have won 
 a wreath, brilliant and long-enduring, though not unfading, of 
 such honor as the world can give, had there not been held before 
 him, by his Saviour, the crown of eternal glory awarded to those 
 who fight, endure and conquer in his name. 
 
 The record of Dr. Judson's labors, suiferings and achieve- 
 ments shows that there is nothing which a man has or is that 
 
JtTDSOK CENTENNIAL. 25 
 
 may not be fully utilized in his life-work. Of that life-work, 
 saying and doing are the smallest part. They are a multipli- 
 cand of no great integral value, of which the aggregate of mind, 
 heart and soul that is put into them is the far greater multi- 
 plier, and determines both the quality and the quantity of the 
 product. As God so enshrines himself in his creation and prov- 
 idence that, with the inward eye fully opened, we should see 
 englobed in the leaf-bud or the grass-blade the very same attri- 
 butes that are revealed in the order of the heavens and the 
 march of worlds, so the true man of God puts his entire self- 
 hood into whatever department of service may be assigned to 
 him, — and he can put no more. This is signally true in the 
 missionary field, in which feeble, meagre, narrow piety, however 
 sincere, is a hindrance, not a help. If the world is to be evan- 
 gelized, and prophecy made liberty, it must be by the consecra- 
 tion of men of strong minds, rich souls, large hearts, — of those 
 to whom the five talents are given at the outset, and who have 
 the intensity of faith, of love and of will-power that can make 
 the five ten, and the ten twenty. I want, therefore, to have 
 Dr. Judson commemorated, not merely as among the foremost 
 in labor, hardship and tribulation for the cause of Christ, but as 
 a man who, with as consummate self-sacrifice as the world has 
 ever witnessed, devoted to that cause a vigor of intellect, a 
 tenacity of purpose, a range and compass of ability, a power of 
 influence, in which, within the century since he was born, he has 
 had few equals, and no superior. 
 
 My friends, you honor yourselves in thus honoring the bless- 
 ed memory of this man : and God grant that your tribute of 
 gratitude and love to him may awaken a more fervent zeal, and 
 a more efficient energy in the work for which Christ lived and 
 died, and ever lives. 
 
POWER OK PERSONALITY. 
 
 Written for the Judson Centennial at Maiden, 
 
 BY 
 
 John W. Olmstead, d. d. 
 
 'T the close of President Wayland's "Memoir of Ado- 
 niram Judson," second volume (page 403-4), it is expres- 
 sively said: 
 
 '' When the kingdoms of the world shall become the king- 
 doms of the Lord, and of His Christ; when every pagoda shall 
 have been levelled, and every hilltop, from the Bay of Bengal 
 to the foot of the Himalaya, shall be crowned with a temple to 
 Jehovah; when the landscape shall be thickly studded with 
 schools, scattering broadcast the seeds of human knowledge ; 
 when law shall have spread the shield of its protection over the 
 most lowly and the most exalted ; when civil and religious lib- 
 erty shall be the birthright of every Burman, — then will the 
 spot where stood the prison at Oung-pen-la be consecrated 
 ground ; thither will pilgrims resort to do honor to the name 
 of their benefactor ; and mothers, as they teach their children 
 to pray to the eternal God, will remind them of the atheism of 
 their forefathers, and repeat to them the story of the life and 
 labors of Adoniram Judson. Such honor doth God bestow 
 upon holy, humble, self-denying and long-suffering love." 
 
 Mrs. Emily C. Judson, who survived all too briefly the de- 
 mise of her illustrious husband, was not with him when he died 
 and was buried at sea, April 12, 1850, thirty-eight years and 
 more since. But in memorable words she says, speaking of the 
 attendants on that occasion, and of the scene : "• They lowered 
 him to his ocean grave, and there they left him in his unquiet 
 sepulchre. * * * Neither could he have had a more fitting monu- 
 ment than the blue waves which visit every coast, for his warm 
 sympathies went forth to the ends of the earth, and included 
 
JtJDSOK CEKTENNIAL. 27 
 
 the whole family of man." That was, indeed, a gracious as 
 beautiful conception, of a mind at once pious and poetic. The 
 "blue waves which visit every coast " are truly but the appro- 
 priate emblem of the great personality that we find enfolded in 
 the character and the career of Adoniram Judson. Think of 
 him at the age of but twenty-five years, enlisting in the, at the 
 time, disbelieved in, nay, the scoffed at, enterprise of making 
 known the gospel of the Son of God to the teeming yet dark- 
 ened millions of South-eastern Asia. Think of him with his 
 sainted young wife, Ann Haseltine, and his coadjutors, Nott and 
 Rice, embarking in such an undertaking as this, — to plant 
 Christian evangelizing missions among tribes and peoples dwell- 
 ing in darkness and the shadow of death ; far less civilized and 
 less humanized than they are to-day, even, — the very alphabet 
 of whose difficult language it was indispensable to acquire, as a 
 first preliminary to any successful labor on their behalf. Con- 
 sider that this enterprise, counted by so many in Christendom 
 as but visionary and chimerical, was a movement to bring to 
 these benighted ones not only a new religion, supplanting and 
 overthrowing idolatries and superstitions hoary with age, but 
 one to carry to them as well, in modes of life and of living, a 
 wholly novel civilization. Think of this modern Apostle to the 
 Gentile Pagan world achieving what he did so signally achieve 
 in thirty-five years of most active and exhausting toil, both as 
 preacher and as translator of the Sacred Scriptures, — the com- 
 pleted Bible rendered into the dialect of Burma being his crown- 
 ing accomplishment, — passing away to take his crown at the 
 age of but sixty-two years, and you must needs exclaim, in this 
 most comprehensive summary of the achievements of this one 
 great leader in the conquering army of Christ, " What hath 
 God wrought ! " 
 
 The power of great deeds in great men we see illustrated as 
 well in modern as in ancient history, in such as Washington, 
 and in our own times, of Lincoln and of Gladstone ; this in the 
 walks of statesmanship and of patriotism. Dr. Judson projected 
 his ideal of achievement for mankind along other lines than 
 these of the great ones of earth. Allying himself, first of all, to 
 the cause of his and of our Lord Christ, he put his whole con- 
 secrated energies upon this one altar of self-sacrifice. Tt was to 
 
28 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 gather gems for the Redeemer's crown from among the sin- 
 cursed millions of the far Orient, that, like his Divine Master 
 and Saviour, he literally and without reservation " gave him- 
 self." It was " a whole burnt offering," the incense of which is 
 in our hearts to-day. The results of the consecration who shall 
 compute, — the ripened fruitage of this one great personality, — 
 
 " In souls renewed and sins forgiven ; " 
 
 of a multitude in the past, and of a far greater multitude in the 
 future, as the distant East shall blend with the farthest West, 
 as the North and the South alike shall swell the ransomed host 
 of the whole earth, at last regenerated and redeemed? For 
 " the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it^ 
 
 Those who are gathered in this old historic town of Maiden, 
 where, on the 9th day of August, 1788, the subject of our pass- 
 ing commemoration had his birth, are drawn together to pay 
 their due tribute to the memory of one eminent personality. 
 We remember, with reverent gratitude to God, that it is now 
 just one hundred years since Adoniram Judson was born. 
 Though he gave but little more than a third of a century to the 
 grandest life-work of which man or angel could conceive, what 
 an achievement for God and for his race did this one man accom- 
 plish ! It all came as the fruit of being girded throughout his 
 " earthly mission " with the high resolve of another great mis- 
 sionary, '•'■This one thing I do.'' What an example and illustra- 
 tion of the possibilities of one sacrificial Christian life, educated, 
 disciplined, animated and directed under the propelling power 
 of but one single dominating ambition and end. Dr. Judson's 
 monument stands before us all, full well revealed to-day. He 
 needs, for the "everlasting remembrance" in which he must 
 forevermore live, no sculptured marble, wrought out under the 
 design and the skill of the most cunning artificer. Before a 
 second century shall have ended since he was born, the long 
 ago prophecy must reach its fulfilment of Ethiopia, of India, of 
 China, of the islands of all seas, stretching forth their hands 
 unto God. Dr. Adoniram Judson's enduring monument is in 
 this transfigured consummation, toward the coming and toward 
 the perfection of which he bore such a part. 
 
ADDRESS 
 
 OF 
 
 Edward O. Stevens, 
 At the Judson Centennial Celebration at Maiden, Mass., 
 THURSDAY, AUGUST 9th, 1888. 
 
 Men., Brethren., and Fathers : 
 
 'WENTY-FOUR years ago, I appeared for the first time 
 on the same platform with Dr. Dean, the venerable gen- 
 X tleraan at my left. I never expected then to sit again on 
 the same platform with this veteran missionary. I could wish 
 that he might have been called upon to speak before me, for he 
 would be able to tell you of his remembrance of things in the 
 life of Adoniram Judson, which happened before I was born. 
 However, I will endeavor to perform the part assigned to me on 
 this occasion. 
 
 I am requested to tell you something as to my recollections 
 of Dr. Judson. Many reminiscences of him in Burma crowd in 
 upon my mind at this moment. I should be glad to describe 
 the auditorium of the old Maulmain Burman chapel, where I 
 used to hear him preach in Burmese. I could tell of the vestry 
 of that same chapel, where I heard his fervent prayers in the 
 English language at the missionary concert at sunrise, on the 
 first Monday morning of the month in 1844, and where, four 
 years later, he conducted a children's meeting, while our mothers 
 were assembled for prayer in the mission-house near by. But 
 five minutes will afford time for me to speak of only one inci- 
 dent. 
 
30 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 It was the month of April, 1850. A feeling of sadness 
 seemed to pervade everything in the Maulmain mission. Dr. 
 Judson's illness had been so protracted, the case had become so 
 serious, that few entertained any hopes of his recovery. But so 
 long as there existed a bare chance of his being benefited by a 
 sea voyage, he was anxious to try it. Thus on Wednesday, 
 April 30, he was carried in a palanquin on board of the French 
 barque, "-Aristide Marie,'* bound for the island of Bourbon. 
 
 But much difficulty was experienced in getting out to sea. 
 No steamer was available for towage, and the north-east mon- 
 soon had nearly died away, so that five days were occupied in 
 doing what, in favorable circumstances might have been accom- 
 plished in a few hours. Mrs. Judson, learning of this detention, 
 twice dropped down in a row-boat to see him. As I remember 
 it, she was accompanied by my mother. Once, as a special fa- 
 vor, I was permitted to go too. On that occasion, the two ladies 
 were escorted by Rev. Lyman Stilson. This was probably Sat- 
 urday, April 6th. 
 
 As I was a boy, only about eleven years of age, I was made 
 to feel that I must be careful not to make a noise or be in the 
 way. Hence I kept mj'^self on the poop-deck, seeking a cool 
 place, for the weather was extremely hot, and scarcely a breath 
 of air was stirring. Leaning over the bulwarks, 1 watched the 
 eddies in the dark waters in the Maulmain River, as the tide 
 swept by on its way to the Gulf of Martaban. I looked for 
 some object of interest on the banks, but they were low and 
 swampy, and to the water's edge covered with a dense jungle 
 of wild ratan and the nipa palm. As the Captain and seamen 
 were French, I found no one in the ship's crew with whom I 
 could converse. 
 
 "All the air a solemn stillness held." 
 
 There seemed to be nothing to relieve the sense of oppression 
 which weighed down my spirits at the thought that probably I 
 should never see Dr. Judson again. 
 
 After dinner, Mr. Stilson called to me in an undertone, say- 
 ing, " Come, Eddie, it is nearly time for us to return. Go down, 
 now, and say good-by to Dr. Judson." I obeyed, and stepping 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 31 
 
 softly, ventured within the doors of the cabin to take a last 
 look of one whom I had always been taught to love and revere. 
 There he lay, his thin hair brushed back from his ample fore- 
 head ; his face wore a sallow, distressed look, — in short, lie 
 appeared to be very ill. Mrs. Judson was sitting by in a chair, 
 fanning him. Observing some one enter, he turned his eyes 
 toward me, and languidly extending his right arm, gently took 
 ray hand in his. "• Well, Eddie," was all he could say before I 
 turned away to hide my grief. 
 
 Perhaps his memory reverted to the day when he first saw 
 me, an infant in ray raother's arms ; to the hour when, at the 
 request of my parents, in the old Hancock house in Maulmain 
 (where he himself subsequently lived), he offered the prayer by 
 which I was solemnly dedicated to God. But if he did recollect 
 it, the pain with which he was tortured was so severe that his 
 mind could not dwell long on any one thing. It appears that 
 even to Mrs. Judson, in that last sad hour of parting, he was 
 able to say very little. 
 
 It was not necessary that he should give me a dying charge, 
 to live in a manner consistent with the profession which I had 
 made nearly eighteen months before. His life of devotion to 
 the cause of Christian missions had already made a deep impres- 
 sion on my young heart. There it was inscribed in indelible 
 characters, that it was the sufferings which he had endured in 
 the death-prison at Ava, and in the lion's cage at Oung-pen-la, 
 that had finally broken him down, and made him prematurely 
 old, at the age of sixty-one. I well knew that the scars of the 
 five pairs of fetters he had worn, when subjected to the cruelty 
 of the Burman jailers, were still to be seen on his now weak and 
 swollen ankles. 
 
 Adoniram Judson has had more influence under God in 
 moulding my character and determining my life-work, than any 
 other man, except my own dear father of blessed memory. By 
 means of this influence, " he still lives," " By it, he being dead 
 yet speaketh." It may be that few, if any of us could equal 
 him in mental acumen, or in the ability to master a foreign 
 tongue. But is it not the privilege of every one of us to be as 
 faithful and as enthusiastic as was he, in the discharge of duties 
 to God and our fellow-men ? 
 
32 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 The Christians connected with our missions in Burma are 
 not content to say, " We and the Burman Bible are Teacher 
 Judson's monument." They desire that a church edifice may 
 be erected at Mandalay to his memory. Dr. Murdock, the Cor- 
 responding Secretary, is of the opinion that $10,000 will be re- 
 quired for such a memorial building. One Burman Christian 
 widow, baptized by Dr. Judson himself, has contributed more 
 than one-tenth of this amount. We would that the sound of a 
 bell calling to worship on the Lord's Day may be heard in the 
 vicinity of those prison-pens, where in former times were heard 
 the shrieks of men under torture, or the roars of the King's 
 hungry lion, to which it was proposed to give Judson and the 
 other white captives to be devoured. 
 
 I have met with hundreds in America, who have expressed 
 the wish to be allowed to join with the Burman and Karen 
 Christians in putting up this Memorial Chapel at the capital of 
 Upper Burma. We have just heard it said that Adoniram Jud- 
 son belongs, not to one denomination of Christians only, but to 
 the whole world. Let all the world, then, have a share in con- 
 tributing the necessary funds. Thus far, none have given in 
 this country, except Baptists and Episcopalians. How could 
 we more fittingl}/ celebrate this day, than by making a hand- 
 some contribution wherewith to reduce the amount remaining 
 to be raised for the Judson Centennial Memorial Chapel at 
 Mandalay ? * 
 
 Note. — In the evening a collection for the Mandalay Chapel was taken 
 amounting to ^531. 
 
JUDSON'S BIRTHPLACK. 
 
 I. H. FARNHAM, MALDEN. 
 
 •.T. 
 
 HE Jiidson house is situated south-east from the cen- 
 tral business portion of the city, on the main street 
 ^ leading from Maiden to Everett and Boston. The 
 house is a somewhat old style two-story structure, back from 
 the street, with pitched roof, two huge chimneys, one on either 
 side of the hall which divides the house centrally. The front 
 view is as pleasant as any, showing through the numerous trees 
 the porch and front door in the centre, two windows on each 
 side, and five in the second story. The roof is broken in its 
 plainness by two gothic windows and the substantial chimneys. 
 An ell extends back from the street, and is not seen from the 
 front gate. The yard is deep and wide, and contains many 
 large and smaller trees. There are huge elms and evergreens, 
 which doubtless were growing at the time of Judson's birth. 
 The lawn is separated from the street by a substantial, and 
 rather ornamental, broken stone wall. It is said by the older 
 inhabitants of the neighborhood that little or no change has 
 been made in the century now past. The farm once connected 
 with the house, however, is fast being cut up into house lots ; 
 and year by year the carpenter's hammer is heard approaching 
 nearer and nearer the quiet, restful spot. We hope no rude 
 hand will disturb, for many years, this tangible reminder of the 
 great man and his noble work. 
 
 "In the valley just adjoining the house on the south, flour- 
 ishes an extensive rose culture, owned and operated by the 
 present occupant of the homestead, which supplies the markets 
 in Boston with rich perfume during every month in the year. 
 
36 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 Across Main street, to the west, rises a rocky hill, where, in 
 Maiden's early history, was suspended from huge sheers the 
 church bell. The hill still retains the name Bell Rock, and one 
 of the seven railroad stations of Maiden takes its name from 
 the hill. Just south of the hill still bubbles up a natural spring 
 of pure water, to which Judson's tender feet used often to stroll 
 with his devoted mother. 
 
 " It is not assuming too much to say that such a beautiful 
 home and surrounding country scenery, with the spires of Bos- 
 ton in the distance, must have had a helpful influence, not only 
 directly on the child Judson, but indirectly through his mother. 
 Maiden, as a city, remembers her noted son by naming for him 
 a street and a square." 
 
 li— 
 
JUDSON'S LIXKRARY LABORS. 
 
 BY L. A. W. SMITH, D. D. 
 
 N contemplating the literary remains of Dr. Jiidson, one is 
 easily reminded of the expression on Goldsmith's tomb- 
 stone : 
 
 " Nihil tetigit quod non ornavit." 
 He used to say of himself that one of his failings was a " lust 
 for finishing;'' which meant for him, at least so far as the trans- 
 lating of the Bible was concerned, a something to be ever pur- 
 sued, and never, while life should last, overtaken. The edition 
 of the Burmese Bible which is now going through the press in 
 Rangoon, the third edition of the whole Bible, contains his 
 last emendations of the Old Testament, — only just now finished 
 at the end of nearly forty years since his death, and yet finished 
 at last. " He rests from his labors, but his works do follow 
 him." 
 
 Dr. Judson's first literary effort was a grammar of the Bur- 
 mese language for the use of the missionaries, completed in 
 1816, three years after his arrival in the country, but not 
 printed until 1842 ; waiting, no doubt, for the finishing touches, 
 and yet, when finished, well worthy of the years of labor 
 bestowed upon it. Of this work, a writer in the Calcutta 
 Review speaks as follows : — " He published another work, a 
 grammar of no pretensions, and of very small dimensions, yet a 
 manual which indicated the genius of the man perhaps, more 
 strikingly than anything else, except his Bible. He has man- 
 aged, from a thorough knowledge of the language, to condense 
 into a few short pages (76), a most complete grammar of this 
 difficult tongue^ and as the student grows in knowledge, pari 
 
38 JtTDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 passu, this little volume rises in his estimation ; for its lucid 
 comprehensive conciseness becomes more and more manifest, 
 In our limited acquaintance with languages, whether of the 
 East or West, we have seen no work in any tongue which we 
 should compare with it for brevity and completeness." 
 
 I remember the late Mr. Crawley, who became an accom- 
 plished scholar in the Burmese language, according to this work 
 the same kind of praise. He considered it, he once told me a 
 very elementary work, when first placed in his hands ; but his 
 sense of its value and inexhaustibleness grew with his own 
 knowledge of the language. 
 
 Dr. Judson's tracts were no less remarkable than his gram- 
 mar. They have been in great and constant circulation for 
 more than fifty years, and are as fresh and appropriate to-day, 
 as when first printed. One of them, perhaps the most striking, 
 at any rate the most popular, is the Golden Balance, a transla- 
 tion of which appears in the appendix of the second volume of 
 Dr. Wayland's memoir of Dr. Judson. A single illustration out 
 of scores that might be furnished, will indicate the esteem in 
 which that tract is held. A few years ago, a man on board a 
 river steamer, on his way to Rangoon, was so anxious to secure 
 a copy, that he offered a rupee to a man who had it, hoping 
 thus to induce him to j)art with it. Failing in this, he got per- 
 mission to make a copy of it. On reaching Rangoon, he made 
 some inquiries as to where the tract could be procured, but be- 
 ing a stranger, was unsuccessful. Great was his joy therefore, 
 when, a few days later, he went on a worship day to the Shway- 
 dagon pagoda, to fall in with old Mr. Abrahams, an Arme- 
 nian convert, who had gone thither with a supply of tracts, the 
 Crolden Balance among them, to distribute among the Buddhist 
 worshippers. 
 
 Dr. Judson contributed three hymns to the Burmese Hymn- 
 Book. The first hymn ever written in the Burmese language, 
 had Dr. Judson for its author. It is a curious circumstance 
 that none of the early missionaries to Burma could sing, and 
 when the late Mr. R. B. Hancock, who arrived in the country in 
 1833, twenty years after the commencement of the mission, 
 sought to introduce singing as part of the worship, the disciples 
 resented it as an innovation, until they had been reassured by 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 39 
 
 Dr. Judson. The contribution of a few hymns from his own 
 pen would serve still further to support the new missionary in 
 the alleged innovation. 
 
 Passing over for lack of time with the bare mention, the 
 Burmo-English and English-Burman dictionaries, the crown- 
 ing work of his life was the translation of the Bible into the 
 Burmese language, which was commenced in 1817, and finished 
 in 1834. In a postscript to his letter to the Cor. Secretary, of 
 Jan. 31, 1834, he writes : — 
 
 " Thanks be to God, I can now say, I have attained, I have 
 knelt down before Him, with the last leaf in my hand, and im- 
 ploring His forgiveness for all the sins which have i:)olluted my 
 labors in this department, and His aid in future efforts to re- 
 move errors and imperfections which necessarily cleave to the 
 work, I have commended it to His mercy and grace. I have 
 dedicated it to His glory. May He make His own inspired word, 
 now complete in the Burmese tongue, the grand instrument 
 of filling all Burma with songs of praise to our great God 
 and Saviour, Jesus Christ." 
 
 No missionary, since Dr. Judson, has learned the language 
 with so little to help him. Perhaps the very difficulties con- 
 tributed to the superior excellence of the results. That his 
 ability in the use of the language was remarkable, even at the 
 early date when he commenced work on the New Testament, is 
 manifest from an incident which occurred in 1818, on his way 
 to Madras. Stopping at Cheduba, and himself unable to go 
 ashore, he took the opportunity of sending a tract by the boat. 
 It happened to be conveyed immediately to the governor, and 
 he ordered it to be read in his presence. When, soon after, the 
 captain had an audience, the governor inquired after the writer of 
 the tract, who he was and how long he had been in the country. 
 The captain, fearing detention, merely stated that the writer was 
 a foreigner who had resided in Rangoon about four years. 
 '' No," replied the governor, " that is not to be credited. You 
 cannot make me believe that a foreigner, in so short a time, 
 has learned to write the language so well. It must have been 
 written by some other person." 
 
 The Burmese language, re-inforced and enriched as it has 
 been by the Pali, a dialect of the ancient Sanscrit, lias a wide 
 
40 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 range, and there is great room for choice in words and modes 
 of expressions. Dr. Judson has exhibited the skill of a master, 
 and it is the unanimous opinion of all who are competent to 
 have an opinion, that, so far as the beauty, vigor and purity of 
 diction are concerned, the Burmese Bible holds the same exalted 
 position in that language which is held by our own matchless 
 Bible in respect to the English language. It is not a transla- 
 tion from the English, but from the original Hebrew and Greek ; 
 and in the work of Karen Bible revision, in which, for the past 
 year, Mr. Thomas and myself have been engaged, it has been a 
 matter of constant remark between us, that both the Karen and 
 Burmese translations have anticipated the changes in the re- 
 cently revised English scriptures in almost every case. And so 
 it has come to pass, that for the past fifty years, thanks to the 
 scholarship and fidelity of Dr. Adoniram Judson and Dr. Fran- 
 cis Mason, the Burmans and Karens have had a Bible more 
 faithful to the original than we have had, — than the Anglo- 
 Saxon race has had ! And this leads me, in closing, to dwell a 
 moment on the occasion we have to thank the God of missions 
 and the God of the Bible for his great goodness in raising up, 
 successively, chosen men, picked men, for the great work of 
 Bible translation. It may be true of other missions, also, but 
 it is pre-eminently so of Burma, which has had Dr. Judson for 
 the Burmese, Dr. Mason for the Karen, and Dr. Gushing for 
 the Shan, all of whom have, with great ability and fidelity, made 
 original translations. 
 
 The last two, however, have enjoyed the advantage of being 
 able to refer to the Burmese, a kind of advantage not enjoyed 
 by Dr. Judson. To him, therefore, and to his work, must always 
 be given the highest place among the Bible translators for the 
 races of Burma. 
 
ADDRKSS. 
 
 The Relation of Theological Learning to Missionary Work. 
 ALVAH HOVEY, D. D., LL. D. 
 
 TT would be a mistake for me to assume that any of you are 
 in doubt concerning the relation of theological learning to 
 missionary work ; for such an assumption could only be 
 made by one who believed you to be unacquainted with theolo- 
 gy or with missions, while I am sure that you are intelligent 
 friends of both. Indeed, such has been the history of missionary 
 work in our denomination, that it seems to me impossible for 
 any well-informed supporter of foreign missions to be indiffer- 
 ent to theological education. The name of our great pioneer 
 missionary, who was born a hundred years ago in this town, is 
 an argument for the value of theological learning to one who 
 preaches Christ to the benighted ; and a similar argument is 
 enfolded in the names of Mason and Wade, of Vinton and Has- 
 well, of Binney and Stevens, of Abbott and Beecher, of Thomas 
 and Carpenter, of Crawley and Johnson, of Jones and Brown, 
 of Goddard and Knowlton, not to mention the names of many 
 more who have finished their course below the stars, or of an 
 equal number who still remain to bear the burden and heat of 
 the day. Nor can I forbear to place on this roll of honor the 
 name of one who is so often called " the sainted Boardman," 
 though his theological learning was not obtained in a seminary, 
 and though his brief term of service in the foreign field did not 
 allow him to pour out all the stores of Christian truth which 
 he had gained. 
 
 Not, then, for the sake of argument, but simply to remind 
 you of what may sometimes be forgotten, I will venture to show 
 the relation of theological learning to missionary work. The- 
 ology is the doctrine of God, our heavenly Father, the Supreme 
 Ruler of mankind. To learn the truth, or even part of the truth 
 concerning him, — concerning his being, his perfection, his pur- 
 
42 JtJDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 pose, his providence, his grace, his redemption,- — concerning his 
 Son, his Spirit, and his church, is to learn theology. In this 
 study, we endeavor to see the universe in its relation to God 
 and to ascertain his method of bringing men out of nature's 
 darkness into his marvellous light. 
 
 And the sources of truth respecting God and his will are 
 manifold and inexhaustible. All the wonders of nature testify 
 of him to an earnest student of theology. Unseen elements and 
 forces, — heat, electricity, magnetism, gravitation, — all the in- 
 stincts and sagacities of beast or bird, all the faculties of mind 
 and heart in man, all the lore of the past and all the science of 
 the present, speak of God and his ways to the reverent soul. 
 For " the earth is the Lord's and the fullness thereof," and " the 
 invisible things of Him since the creation of the world are clearly 
 seen, being perceived through the things that are made, even 
 His everlasting power and divinity." 
 
 But a radical acquaintance with the Word of God is the 
 principal element in theological learning. Such an acquain- 
 tance means much more than familiarity with the language of 
 scripture, or facility in repeating its choicest sayings. It means 
 a trained ability and habit of searching after the inmost sense 
 of the record, of penetrating to the unseen heart of truth, out 
 of which its vital currents rush and throb through all the arte- 
 ries of the Word, of digging down to the bed-rock of ultimate 
 principle that underlies the ever-changing and beautiful land- 
 scape of divine revelation, and there resting secure on the eter- 
 nal foundations. To form this habit, and to acquire this ability 
 of dealing thoroughly with the Word of truth, is the best part 
 of theological learning. It brings one into closest contact with 
 " the lively oracles." It enables one to wield with better judg- 
 ment and effect " the sword of the Spirit." It prepares one to 
 translate the divine message from the original languages into 
 other tongues, and it helps one to see God in the face of Jesus 
 Christ with more distinctness, — a vision which imparts courage 
 and hope to the soul. By this learning, the missionary preacher 
 is assisted in his work, and it is well-nigh indispensable to the 
 missionary teacher. Dr. Judson's translation of the Bible into 
 the Burman language is indebted to his theological learning 
 for some part of its accuracy and excellence. Dr. Mason's 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 43 
 
 Karen version of the scriptures owes much to his persistent 
 studies in Newton ; and I am convinced that if the whole influ- 
 ence of theological learning upon missionary work, as conducted 
 by Protestant Christians in modern times, could be exactly 
 ascertained, it would prove to have been very great and very 
 benehcent. 
 
 Consider also, in this connection, the fundameutal quality 
 of missionary work, — how a pioneer in this service, like Dr. 
 Judson, wins the first converts, forms the first churches, writes 
 the first covenants, trains the first native preachers, prints the 
 first tracts, administers the first acts of discipline, and in a word, 
 sets in motion the whole system of Christian living. Almost 
 everything depends upon his intelligence and discretion. If he 
 is ignorant or rash, disaster must follow. If he is well instructed 
 in the truth, and discreet in the application of Christian princi- 
 ples, his work will stand. 
 
 But it must be freely admitted that no amount of Biblical 
 knowledge will compensate for a lack of good sense or earnest 
 piety. Sincerely as I believe in the blessed influence of theol- 
 ogical learning, and grateful as I am for the privilege of help- 
 ing young men to secure it for the purpose of rendering greater 
 service in " the high places of the field," I have never dared to 
 look upon it as a chief qualification for missionary work. Every- 
 thing in its rank and place. I have been accustomed to arrange 
 the qualifications for mission work in the following order : 
 Devotion to Christ, good judgment, steadiness of purpose, hope- 
 fulness, physical health, linguistic capacity, suitable education, 
 and suitable age. You will observe that education or learning 
 is named next the last in a list of eight qualifications. But do 
 not, therefore, imagine that I deem it of small importance. 
 Every one of these qualifications is well-nigh, if not absolutely, 
 essential. No one of them can be wanting in a missionary with- 
 out serious detriment to his work. 
 
 I esteem it a most auspicious sign of the times that so many 
 theological students are pondering the question of missionary 
 service. Year by year a greater proportion of these choice men 
 is seen to pause on the threshold of public life to consider the 
 claims of Christ upon their ministry on heathen shores. Year 
 
44 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 by year their teachers are offering to them ampler instruction 
 as to the principles, the demands, and the prospects of this holy 
 enterprise. To these students the friends of missions are look- 
 ing for other Judsons and Boardmans to bear the gospel to 
 those who sit in darkness. When they pray, as doubtless they 
 sometimes do, to the Lord of the harvest to send forth laborers 
 into his harvest, I opine that their eyes often turn with longing 
 expectation to Newton or Hamilton, to Rochester or Morgan 
 Park, to Crozer or Louisville, for they judge, not without reason, 
 that theology and consecration go hand in hand, that the spirit 
 of God will admit some of these educated young men to gird 
 up their loins and go far hence to the Gentiles. The thing that 
 has been is the thing that will be. If prayer is offered, it will 
 be answered. If young men, whose minds are enriched with 
 sacred learning, are called by Jesus Christ to self-denying ser- 
 vice in foreign lands, they will hearken to the call. The learn- 
 ing of Moses, the culture of Isaiah, the education of Paul, were 
 embraced in their qualifications for the work to which they were 
 divinely appointed ; and the conditions of efficiency in religious 
 leadership remain the same as of old. 
 
 How vast and complex is the network of means by which 
 the divine purpose is carried into effect I How silently and 
 skillfully does the grace of God ally itself with the powers of 
 men, and turn their early training to the best possible account ! 
 How patiently does the Prince of Mansoul adjust his holy influ- 
 ence to the native capacity, the youthful discipline, and the per- 
 sonal experience of ten thousand free agents, leading them all 
 by various paths into the same loving ministry for the weal of 
 mankind I How swiftly are the discoveries, the inventions and 
 the ceaseless activities of modern life brought by the supreme 
 Ruler to further the spread of his gospel ! Do you say that 
 there is another side of this shield ? That from Satan's stand- 
 point all these activities are drawing away from God? To 
 some extent this is true. Everything good is liable to abuse. 
 But I have an abiding faith that Christ is stronger and wiser 
 than Satan. I believe that this world belongs tq him. The 
 Lord is King, and he will reign until he has put all things 
 under his feet. And in putting all things under him human 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 46 
 
 agency will be employed : natural and acquired powers will be 
 utilized ; men, young and strong, educated and consecrated, 
 will go into the fields, white for the harvest, and reap. Thus 
 theological learning is closely related to missionary work, and 
 in praying for the schools you are praying for missions ; while 
 in praying for missions you are, less consciously, perhaps, pray- 
 ing for the schools. For the present, at least, by the will of 
 God, they are one and inseparable. Let them work for the 
 same Master and the same end, with the same spirit, and there 
 will be joy in the highest at the increase of peace on earth. 
 
 
 r"" — I 
 
 
 ''*. . --^' j^^---- .".^''^'V 
 
KOUR KOOIvISH YOUNO PKOPLE. 
 
 The following extract is from a letter written by a promi- 
 nent citizen of Haverhill, Mass., to a gentleman then in Lisbon, 
 Portugal. It sounds queerly at the present time. Only God 
 can see the end from the beginning. It is dated February 12th, 
 1812. 
 
 " I think of nothing interesting to add. I will, however, 
 just observe that religious enthusiasm still continues to prevail 
 here. Believe me, unaccountable as it may appear to you, that 
 what I am about to repeat to you is true. A daughter of the 
 late Moses Atwood, deceased, by the name of Harriet, and a 
 young Miss Hazeltine, of the Hazeltine family of Bradford, 
 young (about seventeen or eighteen years old,) and totally in- 
 experienced in the school of human nature, are about to embark 
 with their companions (to whom they have but yesterday allied 
 themselves by marriage) — yes, I say that these four foolish and 
 inexperienced young people are about to emhark, and will actually 
 sail for the far-distant shores of JTindoostan, and, marvellous to 
 tell, to teach that 7iumerous and ancient people the right way to 
 Heaven! Why disturb that or any other people about their 
 religious opinions ? We, like all other people under heaven, 
 are tenacious of our own religious opinions. It is of no conse- 
 quence whether my neighbor believes in ' one God or twenty 
 gods,' so long as he does not rob my pockets. It is unnecessary 
 for me to dwell longer on this subject, as you can easily antici- 
 pate what further might be added." 
 
 Observe : " These four foolish and inexperienced young 
 people" are now known to the world under the following illus- 
 trious names : Adoniram Judson, Ann Hazeltine Judson, 
 Samuel Newell and Harriet Atwood Newell. 
 
EDWARD JUDSON, D. D. 
 
ADDRKSS AT MALDEN, 
 
 AUGUST gth, 1888. 
 
 BY REV. EDWARD JUDSON, D. D. 
 
 Mr. President., brethren and sisters : — 
 
 I think you will agree with me that there is a deep undertone 
 of feeling in this assembly which fails to find expression. We 
 most nearly gave expression to it when we united our hearts 
 and voices in singing Dr. Smith's graceful and glowing lines. 
 
 I would be glad to contribute to the interest of this heart- 
 stirring occasion a rich store of personal reminiscences, but in 
 the nature of the case my personal acquaintance with my father 
 was very slight, and my remembrances are correspondingly 
 meagre. I was only four months old when he took his depar- 
 ture for America, accompanied by mother and the three older 
 children, leaving behind myself and my two little brothers. You 
 know the result of that voyage. How, when they came to the 
 Isle of France, my mother's health seemed so far restored that 
 my father decided to return to Burmah. It was on this occasion 
 that my mother penned those never-to-be-forgotten stanzas : 
 
 " We part on this green islet, love, — 
 Thou for the eastern main, 
 I for the setting sun, love. 
 Oh ! when to meet again ? 
 
 " My heart is sad for thee, love, 
 For lone thy way will be ; 
 And oft thy tears will fall, love, 
 Tor thy children and for me. 
 
48 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 "The music of thy daughter's voice 
 Thou'lt miss for many a year ; 
 And the merry shout of thine elder boys 
 Thou'lt list in vain to hear. 
 
 " Yet my spirit clings to thine, love, 
 Thy soul remains with me, 
 And oft we'll hold communion sweet 
 O'er the dark and distant sea. 
 
 "And who can paint our mutual joy, 
 When, all our wanderings o'er, 
 We both shall clasp our infants three, 
 At home on Burmah's shore ? 
 
 " But higher shall our raptures glow, 
 On yon celestial plain, 
 When the loved and parted here below 
 Meet, ne'er to part again, 
 
 " Then gird thine armor on, love. 
 Nor faint thou by the way, 
 Till Buddh shall fall, and Burmah's sons 
 Shall own Messiah's sway." 
 
 My mother's health again failed, so that my father's purpose 
 of going back to Burmah was relinquished. Little by little she 
 declined, until, as the vessel entered the port of St. Helena, she 
 died at early dawn. On the same day she was buried at St. 
 Helena, and my father continued his voyage to America. 
 
 During his stay in this country, one of my little brothers 
 died, and on his return, bringing me a new mother, I was barely 
 two years old. When I was a little over five years old, he went 
 on board ship to take a sea voyage, which presented the only 
 hope of the recovery of his health. Within four days of the 
 time of sailing, he died, and was buried in the ocean, and it was 
 four months before the intelligence of his departure came to 
 the little family at Maulmain. So you see that my personal 
 acquaintance with him covers only a few short years of my 
 early childhood. The recollections of childhood are vivid, but 
 of narrow interest. In the case of missionaries' children, the 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 49 
 
 ocean voyage serves, indeed, as a dividing line, making the 
 earliest recollections more vivid; but such reminiscences are 
 circumscribed by the horizon of childhood, and possess no gen- 
 eral interest. What interest would people in general take in 
 my remembrance of how my father used to wake me up early 
 in the morning, with the joyous intelligence that a rat had been 
 caught in the trap the night before ? Of what general interest 
 would be my recollection of his comforting and soothing caresses 
 during hours of illness ? Well do I remember the day when 
 the dreadful news came of his death. My mother gathered 
 then our little family together, — my little brother three years 
 older than I, my half-sister three years younger, and myself, — 
 and brought us to this country. Only to-day, I received a letter 
 from that half-sister, who would have been with us only for 
 severe illness in her own family, — the one about whom was 
 composed that beautiful lyric, called " My Bird " : 
 
 " Ere last year's moon had left the sky, 
 A birdling sought my Indian nest; 
 And folded, oh, so lovingly ! 
 Her tiny wings upon my breast. 
 
 " From morn till evening's purple tinge, 
 In winsome helplessness she lies ; 
 Two rose leaves with a silken fringe, 
 Shut softly on her starry eyes. 
 
 '"• There's not in Ind a lovelier bird ; 
 
 Broad earth owns not a happier nest ; 
 O God, Thou hast a fountain stirred, 
 Whose waters nevermore shall rest." 
 
 There are many points of view from which a human life may 
 be considered. How much interest belongs even to the hum- 
 blest career ! 
 
 " Between two breaths what crowded mysteries lie ; 
 The first short gasp, the last and long-drawn sigh ! " 
 
 My father's life, when viewed from his own standpoint and 
 even that of his contemporaries, must often have looked like 
 failure. It was so with the life of Christ. He said : •' I thank 
 
50 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 thee, O, Father, Lord of heaven and earth !" or, as it should be 
 more correctly rendered, " I fully confess to Thee. I make a 
 clean breast of it to Thee ; that Thou hast hid these things from 
 the wise and prudent," or, in other words, that " I have made 
 no impression upon the society about me. I have not succeeded 
 in reaching persons of social and intellectual importance, and 
 have only gathered together a few people, a few simple and 
 ignorant people, — mere babes." The whole passage is a sub- 
 lime confession of signal failure. He acknowledges his failure, 
 and seeks comfort in resignation to his Father's will, and in 
 hope that looks far into the future. Such has been the case 
 with many of his followers. How much of my father's life must 
 have seemed to him a failure ! 
 
 Far back in 1812, he and his associates had to embark al- 
 most by stealth, so mad and quixotic did the enterprise appear, 
 and so great was the popular contempt and indignation against 
 the whole undertaking. * For seven years he labored, without 
 winning a single convert, and it was during that time that he 
 pencilled the following lines on a fly-leaf of his grammar : — 
 
 '* In joy or sorrow, health or pain, 
 Our course be onward still; 
 We sow on Burmah's barren plain, 
 We reap on Zion's hill." 
 
 You remember the words he wrote to Luther Rice about 
 Christians and home : " If they are unwilling to risk their bread 
 on such a forlorn hope as has nothing but the Word of God to 
 sustain it, beg of them, at least, not to prevent others from giv- 
 ing us bread, and if we live some twenty or thirty years, they 
 may hear from us again." At the end of ten years he had a 
 little church of eighteen members. Then came the war, and 
 while enduring suffering which he regarded as utterly profit- 
 less, he must have felt that his life-work was all going to pieces. 
 It was then he used to comfort himself, repeating Madame 
 Guyon's refrain : 
 
 " No place I seek but to fulfill 
 In life and death Thy lovely will; 
 No succor in my woes I want, 
 Except what Thou art pleased to grant. 
 
 ♦ Vide p. 46. 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 51 
 
 " Our days are numbered — let us spare 
 Our anxious hearts a needless care ; 
 'Tis Thine to number out our days, 
 And ours to give them to Thy praise." 
 
 Then when the war was over, he returned to Rangoon and 
 found his church scattered. There were only four members 
 that could be found. He then went to Amherst, and there 
 experienced a disastrous failure, because the seat of Govern- 
 ment was soon to be transferred to Maulmain. Here, indeed, 
 he saw some precious fruits of his labor, but then came sickness 
 and sorrow, a necessary return to this country, and when he 
 again found himself in Burmah, he longed to go to Ava. His 
 acquaintance with the language, and prolonged missionary expe- 
 rience, fitted him for such an aggressive movement, and all 
 Providential intimations seemed to point in that direction. 
 How bitter, then, was his disappointment, when the policy of 
 retrenchment at home caused him to retreat instead of advanc- 
 ing. He felt then that he had been forgotten by the Christians 
 at home, and declared that the Baptists were far behind in mis- 
 sionary enterprise. " The Baptist missions," he writes, " will 
 probably pass into the hands of other denominations." Little 
 did he dream that there was so near at hand a time such as 
 Faber describes in his exquisite lines. 
 
 " Far, far away, like bells of evening pealing, 
 
 The voice of Jesus sounds o'er the land and sea, 
 And laden souls by thousands meekly stealing, 
 Kind Shepherd turn their weary steps to Thee." 
 
 How many great souls have drank of the cup of present dis- 
 appointment, without feeling an intimation of the glorious re- 
 sults which were to come afterwards ! How many live only 
 long enough ''to hear the world applaud the hollow ghost which 
 blamed the living man I " 
 
 The law seems to be that the real builders of social institu- 
 tions have slow work, and often dwell in the sorrowful con- 
 sciousness of failure. If a man does not know by experience 
 what failure is, it is because he is only manipulating social 
 
52 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 force which have been brought into being by the blood and 
 sweat of others. " My Dear Philosopher," a lady writes to 
 Voltaire, "• it is easier to write on paper than on human flesh." 
 You, who know what it is to co]3e with failure, to whom it often 
 seems that you are pushing your way through a patch of bur- 
 docks and briers which are constantly pulling you back, so that 
 you seem sometimes to have leaded feet, as in a nightmare, and 
 to be able, with the greatest struggling, to make no real advance, 
 what encouragement can you take from the lives of those who 
 have accomplished the most for humanity ; who, while they 
 lived, were ignored, and died without entering into the prom- 
 ises ? But what is to be the practical upshot of this occasion ? 
 This is an age of memorials and jubilees. Let not our virtues 
 evaporate in admiration of distant feats of heroism which we 
 are unwilling to undertake ourselves. Otherwise, shall we not 
 incur our Lord's reproach ? " Woe unto ye Scribes and Phari- 
 sees, hypocrites, for ye build the tombs of the Prophets, and 
 garnish the sepulchres of the righteous." Let us put ourselves 
 where there is the greatest strain. 
 
 " High deeds haunt not the friugy edges of the fight, 
 But the pell-mell of men." 
 
 How can we best help the cause of missions ? Not by per- 
 suading others to go. What good results from great mass 
 meetings, where the enthusiasm runs high and impressions are 
 created which do not crystalize into definite purposes? Heated 
 addresses, which conceal the dangers and difficulties of mission- 
 ary life, and describe only the romantic features, may secure 
 men, but they will not be of the right kind. 
 
 A she-wolf, who had a large family, used to taunt a lioness 
 who had only one cub, but the lioness fitly replied, "Unum, 
 sed leonem," — one, but a lion. Better fewer men, provided 
 that they are of the right sort. 
 
 General Gordon rebuked an officer once in the words, 
 " Never order a man to do what you are afraid to do yourself." 
 
 During the war it was not the fire-eaters, either at the North 
 or at the South, who were at the front. But let us see that 
 those who go are amply sustained. If we cannot go ourselves. 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 53 
 
 the least we can do is to support the cause. I was told the 
 following story about Stonewall Jackson : 
 
 " It was at the time of the battle of Second Bull Run, and the coun- 
 try in the neighborhood of that battle was just quivering with excite- 
 ment. The telegraph wires were down ; the people seemed to feel in 
 the air that there had been a great battle, but they could not get the news 
 as to what the issue of the fray had been. In the town where Stonewall 
 Jackson had lived, Lexington, it was found that there was in the post 
 office a letter in his handwriting, addressed to the pastor of the church 
 he attended, and it was known that that letter came right from the field 
 of battle. The little town was roused, and the citizens gathered around 
 the post office. Dr. White, the pjistor, appeared, and they put him on a 
 dry goods box and gathered around to hear that letter from Stonewall 
 Jackson, written on the field of battle, and the minister tore it open and 
 read something like this : 
 
 My Deak J'astor : 
 
 1 remember that this is the day for the collection usually taken up 
 in our church for foreign missions. Please find enclosed ray check for 
 dollars. I remain, yours truly, T. J. JACKSON, 
 
 That great general, on the decisive field of battle, remem- 
 bered that there was another battle going on ; that that battle, 
 important as it was, was not the only fray that he was engaged 
 in ; but there was still greater war pending, and he was not un- 
 mindful of his duty. 
 
 Let the memory of the sainted dead spur us on to nobler 
 endeavor. The legend has it that after John, the beloved disci- 
 ple, had been buried, the grave mound still rose and fell with 
 his breath. You cannot bury a saint so deep that he will not 
 affect the lives of those who walk over his grave. Let us share 
 in the spirit of him whom we admire, and so shall we be like 
 one whom my father describes in the following words : 
 
 '' It is all one whether he is in a city or in a desert, among relations 
 or among savage foes, in the heat of the Indies or in the ice of Green- 
 land; his Infinite Friend is always at hand. He need not fear want or 
 sickness or pain, this Best Friend does all things well. He need not fear 
 death, though he come in the most shocking form, for death is only a 
 drawing of the veil which conceals his dearest Friend." 
 
LKTTERS AND EXTRACTS. 
 
 [ The widespread influence of Judson's life is well illustrated in the 
 following letters and extracts. Coming from all parts of the United 
 States, they also represent the interest which this centennial year of 
 pioneer mission work holds in every Baptist church in our land, — an 
 interest that should culminate in most munificent liberality for the wider 
 teaching of the blessed gospel. ] 
 
 To the First Baptist Churchy Maiden^ Mass. 
 
 Dear Friends in Christ, — I wish that the many miles 
 that separate Minneapolis from Maiden could be eliminated 
 today, and that I could be with you on this centennial of the 
 birth of my father. My heart and soul are with you, and I 
 thank our God that he has put it into your hearts to celebrate 
 this anniversary. 
 
 Adoniram Judson has been alive one hundred years. Nearly 
 two-thirds of this time he dwelt here in the flesh, and labored 
 with untiring energy for the King of Glory. The remaining 
 years of this century of existence he has dwelt in the land of 
 souls. But he is not idle there. He is not dead ! The same 
 spirit of self-sacrifice, the same energy of nature, the same force 
 which made him the pioneer missionary here, the same burning 
 love for his fellow creatures, the same devotion to the Infinite 
 Source of all being, characterize him there as here, for they 
 formed the essential elements of his nature. Though eternal 
 ages will bring added development, he will always be the indi- 
 vidual spirit that we know him here. And one day, if we are 
 akin to him in aspiration, we shall meet him there. Let us im- 
 itate him in all the points in which he resembled the Divine 
 Son of God; and so we shall be welcomed to his ennobling 
 society when God shall call us to his heavenly home. 
 
 With love to the great cause of Foreign Missions, and with 
 
 love to all who are one in the spirit of Jesus Christ, 
 
 I am, your sister in faith, 
 
 Abby a. Judson. 
 Minneapolis., Minn. 
 
JtTDSOIf CENTENNIAL. 55 
 
 Reverend and Dear Brother : 
 
 I take pleasure in accepting the invitation to take part in 
 the celebration of the anniversary of the birthday of Dr. Judson. 
 Such a celebration is eminently fitting. The world's heroes are 
 honored by memorial rites, celebrating the day of their birth ; 
 how much more ought we to honor those " of whom the world 
 was not worthy ? " 
 
 I have reason to feel a special regard for Dr. Judson, In 
 the days when I was yet a student in theology at Andover, he 
 wrote me, — I know not how my name had ever reached him, — 
 signing his letter, not with his own name, but " Ish Mizar," — 
 alluding to the passage in the forty-second psalm : " Therefore 
 will I remember thee." 
 
 His letter announced that about the time of my receiving it 
 a fund of ten thousand dollars would be put in bank to ensure 
 my support as a missionary in Palestine. As he did not give me 
 his name, I could only conjecture who was my unknown corre- 
 spondent. But he left " the leaven " to work in my mind, be- 
 lieving that it would not be in vain, — if God was in it, and if 
 God's plan favored it. 
 
 He was always interested in the Jews. The old men of his 
 father's age used to pray for their conversion. He never lost that 
 feeling of interest, as an occasional item in his history testifies. 
 
 During his farewell visit to this country he visited my house- 
 He sat and conversed with me in my study. His presence hal- 
 lowed the place. The thought that he had been there was ever 
 a joy and an inspiration. 
 
 Years ago I went alone to visit the house in which he was 
 born, and the chamber where he first saw the light, and was 
 treated most cordially by the tenants of the distinguished dwell- 
 ing. I have stood on the hill in Plymouth whose summit bears 
 the cenotaph recording his revered name, with those of his fa- 
 ther and brothers, and the grave, near by, of his sister. I re- 
 joice that another memorial is, through you, to be reared, not in 
 perishable marble, but in immortal words and hymns and prayer 
 and praise. May God prosper the blessed ceremonial. 
 
 Faithfully yours, S. F. Smith. 
 
 Newton Centre, Mass. 
 
56 JtJDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 Rev. J. Nelson Lewis : 
 
 Dear Brother, — T have just received, through iny brother 
 Edward, your kind request to write something for your account 
 of the Judson Centennial 
 
 As a delegate from the Berean Church, of this city, I take 
 this opportunity to express my sense of the charming hospital- 
 ity and Christian zeal which marked the Maiden celebration. 
 
 As a son of the missionary whose birth we met to celebrate, 
 I could say but little, except to express a longing, in common 
 with my Christian brethren, for divine help in renewed efforts 
 to imitate the devotion to duty which marked my father's life. 
 Yours, in Christian love, 
 
 Adoniram Brown Judson. 
 Madison Square, New York. 
 
 A. R. Turner., Jr.., Maiden : 
 
 Dear Sir, — 
 
 If the anniversary of birth of poet, philosopher, or philan- 
 thropist is celebrated, why should that of the pioneer mission- 
 ary be forgotten ? What life of civilian, scholar, or statesman 
 has been resplendent with more promise for the human race, 
 and the establishment of the kingdom of heaven on earth, than 
 that of Adoniram Judson? American Baptists over the conti- 
 nent will be present in spirit at the Maiden Centennial. His 
 exceptional talents, consecration, and suffering, in founding the 
 Burman mission, have won the admiration of civilians as well 
 as of Christians on both sides of the sea. That was a touching 
 tribute to Dr. Judson's worth, offered a few years ago by the 
 Moderator of the Presbyterian Assembly, at Saratoga, — him- 
 self a foreign missionary, — that if he reached heaven, next to 
 the Divine Master, he should wish to meet the sainted Judson. 
 Such attribute, from such a man ! Let, then, that memorial 
 building rise in the American metropolis, a symbol of the affin- 
 ities of evangelization at home with missions abroad, and of 
 the devotion of American Baptists, alike to the evangelization 
 of their own country and Christianizing heathen nations. As 
 
JtTDSOlSl CENTEKNIAL. 67 
 
 it will enshrine in its structure and in its ministry the name 
 all Baptists throughout the world should especially delight to 
 honor. May Baptists, east and west, north and south, by their 
 contributions hasten the completion and furnishing of the Jud- 
 son Memorial Church Building, on Washington Square, New 
 York City. W. W. Everts, D. D. 
 
 Chicago, III. 
 
 " I hardly need say that I deem it a special privilege, as well 
 as a great honor, to have been invited to participate in the 
 commemoration. A special privilege, because, although not 
 my sire by blood, he was to me all that the best of fathers could 
 have been ; and also a great honor, because he it was, who, by 
 his greatness and his goodness, largely shaped the mould for 
 modern missions and American missionaries. May the spirit of 
 Adoniram Judson pervade and inspire the church till the return 
 of Him who is, in the truest sense, Jehovah's Foreign Mission- 
 ary. Yours, in the Goodly Brotherhood, 
 
 Geo. Dana Boakdman. 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 Mr. A. R. Turner., Jr.: 
 
 My Dear Sir. — Although the father of the great mission- 
 ary was pastor of the First Church in Maiden for only a brief 
 time, our Church has reason to be proud of its historic connec- 
 tion with the honored name of Adoniram Judson, and our whole 
 denomination should unite with yours in commemorating his 
 grand life. Very sincerely yours, 
 
 J. W. Wellman, D. D. 
 Maiden, Mass. 
 
 A. R. Turner, Jr., Esq.: 
 
 My Dear Brother. — I like exceedingly the idea of thus 
 perpetuating the memory of our departed soldiers of the cross. 
 They fought the warfare of Faith against the Powers of Dark- 
 ness, and illustrated the true spirit of Christian heroism. They 
 have left to us the examples of noble lives to stimulate our zeal 
 
58 JUDSOl^ CENTENKIAL. 
 
 in the cause for which they died. " Thou shalt love thy neigh- 
 bor as thyself" is nowhere exemplified so forcibly as in the 
 lives of these Christian martyrs. 
 
 I pray that your " Centennial Anniversary " may be blessed 
 of God, in kindling anew the missionary enthusiasm of your 
 people, and that its influence may extend over our entire land. 
 Very sincerely yours, Jno. H. Weight. 
 
 Si(ff(jlk, Va. 
 
 COPY OF TELEGRAM RECEIVED DURING THE SERVICES. 
 
 To A. R. Turner^ Acorn Street: 
 
 San Francisco Baptist Ministerial Union honors memory of 
 Adoniram Judson. Sends centennial greeting. 
 
 BuNYAN Spencer, President, 
 W. C. Spencer, Secretary, 
 G. S. Abbott, 
 
 Committee. 
 
 Oakland, Col. 
 
 Mr. A. 11. Turner, Jr. : 
 
 Dear Brother, — Adoniram Judson stands in the front 
 rank of great and heroic men. His Christian devotion was 
 matched by such imperial integrity and consummate wisdom 
 that no sneering skeptic dares despise and deride him. He was 
 every inch a man, and the world knows it. Our knowledge of 
 him makes belief in the historic existence of St. Paul easy. 
 Indeed, Mr. Judson is an unimpeachable witness for Jesus 
 Christ, for without Jesus Christ there could not have been a 
 Dr. Judson. 
 
 Sincerely yours, Cephas B. Crane. 
 
 Concord, N. II. 
 
JUDSON CENTEKNIAL. 59 
 
 Dear Sir. — No devout soul, in any degree conversant with 
 the heroic devotion of the noble servant of God, who, in agony 
 and privation, in the darkness of apparently unrequited labor, 
 for the present reward of manacles, stripes, bereavements, and 
 incomprehensible afflictions, delved patiently, persistently and 
 cheerfully through the mire of heathen degradation, to reveal, 
 for a foundation of a new faith, — the crucified Cluist, — can 
 fail to swell with joyful thanksgiving at the marvellous results 
 that God has begun to manifest as a seal to his service. Such 
 a name may well be revered with the names of Moses and of 
 Paul, and should never cease to be an incentive to fresh en- 
 deavor and fresh achievement. 
 
 Fraternally, J. W. Burdette. 
 
 Burlington, la. 
 
 Mr. A. R. Turner, Maiden., Mass.: 
 
 My Dear Brother. — " Judson, the first American mission- 
 ary, is the typical 'Jesus Christ's man ' of foreign missions, of 
 this century." 
 
 If I have a primary conviction, it is that foreign mission 
 
 work comes the nearest to apostolical zeal, of all Christian work 
 
 in the world. 
 
 Yours, in kindred work, 
 
 Granville S. Abbott. 
 Oakland, Gal. 
 
 Mr. A. R. Turner, Jr., Maiden, Mass.: 
 
 Dear Brother — No man has ever been born in America 
 to whom such remembrance can be more worthily given; and 
 yet union in such a demonstration is but a small privilege com- 
 pared with that of emulating his heroic sacrifices for his fellows 
 and for the truth of God. The memory of Judson should ever 
 form a mighty influence in the heart of every Christian, and 
 especially every Baptist, stimulating to unmeasured labor and 
 sacrifice for Christian missions. 
 
 Yours fraternally, James N. Boyce. 
 
 Louisville, Ky. 
 
Facsimile of the City Clerk's Copy of the Records 
 OF adoniram Judson's Birth, 
 
 City of Malden, 
 
 City Hall, 
 
 August 9, 1888. 
 
 To all whom it may concern : 
 
 This is to certify that I am City Clerk of the city of Maiden, 
 and as such clerk have the care and custody of Town and 
 City Records. By such Records, Book 2, page 39, I find that 
 "Adonirum Judson, son of the Rev'd Adonirum and Abigail 
 Judson, Born Aug't ye 9th, 1788." 
 
 Attest : A true copy of Record, 
 
 Leverett D. Holden, 
 
 City Clerk. 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 61 
 
 My Dear 31 r. Turner : 
 
 I have just read your kind invitation to attend the Centen- 
 nial Anniversary of the birth of Dr. Judson, at the First Bap- 
 tist Church, Maiden, Mass., U. S. A., August 9th. 
 
 You say " You are requested to send your pastor and at 
 least two other delegates." If we were to accept this invitation 
 those whom 1 would take would be Moung Eng Tah, a Shan, 
 who became a believer in the true God more than seven years 
 ago, now pastor of the Shan and Toungthoo Church in Thatone. 
 Delegates, first, Moung Gyee, a Dooroo by race, from the Shan 
 country, by the Spirit of God turned from heathenism and 
 made an humble, devoted follower of the Lord Jesus. Second 
 delegate. Old Pah Gyee, a Toungthoo by race, from the Shan 
 country, instructed and baptised by Dr. Judson, more than 
 forty years ago. He and his wife, with some few other native 
 Christians, he says, lived for some time on Dr. Judson's com- 
 pound, and received instruction from the books. He has a 
 great reverence and love for the memory of Dr. Judson, of 
 whom he frequently speaks. So much for my pastor and del- 
 egates. 
 
 Now, if we accept the invitation it would take some days 
 to get there. It would cost some I And, too, we would get 
 there to find ourselves too late for the meeting ! So we had 
 better content ourselves with our own meetings, in our heathen 
 jungle town, and get all the pleasure we can from the thought 
 that anyway we've had an invitation to that far-away Maiden 
 meeting in the western world ! Dr. Judson's work laps over 
 ours, as we daily read and teach from his translation of the 
 Bible. 
 
 The " romance of missions," in his time, has gone ; but the 
 same difiicult, plodding work of laboring with heathen ignorant 
 idolators to turn to the true God, still remains. 
 
 Last Sunday three Shans were baptised here. After the 
 meetings at the chapel we repaired to a mountain stream in the 
 jungle, where, with solemn prayer and singing in Burmese, 
 three souls were baptised into the name of Christ. O, pray, 
 please, that they may be his true followers. 
 
 Very sincerely yours, Jennie B. Kelley. 
 
 Thatone, Burmah, 
 
EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS RECEIVED. 
 
 '' The Holy Spirit * * * sent forth Judson, and led him 
 all his journey through." Howard Osgood, D. D. 
 
 Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 " The birth of Judson was a more important event than the 
 birth of Washington." J. H. Griffith, D. D. 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 " The career and work of Dr. Judson will grow in lustre as 
 the centennials shall come and go, and shall be appreciated in 
 full only when we all see the eternal books opened." 
 
 Donald D. MagLauein. 
 
 Minneapolis , Minn. 
 
 "" The century is marked that gave birth to the Apostle of 
 Baptist Foreign Missions. A century of missions to the heath- 
 en, of the abolition of African slavery in the civilized nations of 
 the world, and the establishment of a Christian Free State on 
 the Congo, in the heart of Central Africa." 
 
 R. DeBaptiste. 
 
 Galesburg, III. 
 
 " To be a messenger of the King of Kings seems to me to be 
 the highest position to be attained by man. And it seems as 
 fitting for us to celebrate the birth of Judson as that of Wash- 
 ington or Longfellow." Mrs. G. G. Manning. 
 
 Peru, Ind. 
 
 " The name of Adoniram Judson is indelibly inscribed upon 
 the pages of history as that of one of the grandest and most self- 
 sacrificing lives that has ever been known." 
 
 Wm. M. Bushnell. 
 
JUDSON CENTENI'IIAL. 63 
 
 " Whose (Judson's) devotion to and service in the cause of 
 Foreign Missions, renders his name dear to every Christian 
 heart, and his life a conspicuous example for emulation, for all 
 time.'' Hon. Jno. K. C. SleepePw 
 
 Maiden, Mass. 
 
 ONE BAPTISED BY JUDSON. 
 
 " I had hoped that our deacon, John H. Eaton, might also 
 be able to attend, but cannot, chiefly on account of infirmities. 
 Brother Eaton was baptised by Dr. Judson, in Maulmain, in 
 February or early March, 1838. He was a sailor on the barque 
 Isabella, that took out Messrs. Stevens, Brayton, and Stetson, I 
 believe, and was converted during the passage. The ship lay 
 in Maulmain a month, arriving February 19, 1838, and during 
 that time Brother Eaton was baptised, in company with a Bur- 
 mese woman." Rev. George D. Reid. 
 Orange, Mass. » 
 
 " The names of Adoniram Judson and the peerless Anne 
 Hazeltine, from earliest childhood were synonymous of good- 
 ness and greatness, nor have their virtues faded as I have be- 
 come more capable of understanding them." 
 
 Mrs. a. M. Bacon. 
 
 Chicago, III. 
 
 " The name of Adoniram Judson was a household word in 
 
 my father's house, from my earliest recollection. The memory 
 
 of liis gifts and graces, and of the noble work he did, belongs 
 
 to the common heritage of American Baptists." 
 
 John C. Broadus. 
 Louisville, Ky. 
 
LETTER FROM MRS. ANN H. JUDSON. 
 
 [Reprinted from Baptist Missionary Magazine.] 
 
 In this centennial year of the birth of Adoniram Judson, and 
 the seventy-fifth year of the establishment of our Ameiican 
 Baptist foreign missions by Dr. Judson and his wife, Ann Has- 
 seltine, everything pertaining to the Judsons is of interest. 
 We take great pleasure in presenting the first letter sent by 
 Mrs. Judson to one in this country outside of her own family. 
 It has not been published before, and is of great interest as 
 showing her feelings just after the conversion of her husband 
 and herself to Baptist views. It was addressed to Mrs. Jona- 
 than Carlton, of Boston, Mass., with whom she was acquainted 
 before leaving America. Mrs. Carlton was greatly interested 
 in mission work ; and it was the small social meetings, held in 
 consequence of this letter, which resulted in the formation of 
 the General Convention for Foreign Missions, now the American 
 Baptist Missionary Union. Mrs. Carlton's daughter became the 
 wife of Rev. Luther F. Beecher, D. D., now of Brookline, Mass., 
 by whose kindness a copy of this letter has been furnished. 
 
 Calcutta, Oct. 21, 1812. 
 My Dear Mrs. C. — A recollection of the intimacy which 
 once existed between us, and which has for a few years been 
 discontinued on account of our local separation, strongly urges 
 me to wish its revival, and now induces me to write. Although 
 that intimacy was sweet, and free from those bitter feelings of 
 which a difference of sentiment is generally productive, yet a 
 little restraint was felt, which, I am happy to say, is now re- 
 moved. You will probably hear before the reception of this 
 of the change which has taken place in Mr. Judson and my- 
 self, relative to baptism. As Mr. Judson has written the par- 
 ticulars respecting our change to Dr. Baldwin, it is unneces- 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 65 
 
 saiy for me now to relate them to you. The severe trials occa- 
 sioned by such an event can be realized by those only who are 
 in similar circumstances. The anticipated disapprobation of 
 friends we love and respect, the loss of the patronage of the 
 Board of Commissioners, together with the privation of the 
 society of our dear missionary associates, exceedingly depressed 
 our spirits. We felt we were alone in the world, no friend but 
 each other, no one on whom to depend for protection and sup- 
 port but our heavenly Father. Thus circumstanced, think, my 
 clear Mrs. C, how gratifying to our hearts the prospect of hav- 
 ing one of our brethren to join us. Soon after we were baptised, 
 brother Rice, compelled from a sense of duty, began to examine 
 the subject more thoroughly than ever before, although he has 
 had his doubts respecting it for some time. I think he is con- 
 vinced of the truth of the Baptist system, and will join us in a 
 mission in some part of the Eastern world. Mr. Rice and Mr. 
 Judson at present contemplate a mission to Java. Mr, Rice is 
 engaged to a lady in America, who he hoped would accompany 
 him to India ; but she had so little time to prepare for so impor- 
 tant an undertaking, she concluded not to come. Since our 
 arrival here, and change of sentiment, and since it is probable 
 I shall be the only female in the mission, we have written ur- 
 gent letters to have her follow us as soon as an opportunity 
 offers. As it is expected the Commissioners will refuse to sup- 
 port us on account of our becoming Baptists, letters have been 
 written to several Baptist ministers in America to form a society 
 and support missionaries in this country. Should this take 
 place, it will be some time before a society is formed and funds 
 sufficient to defray the expenses of a mission be procured. 
 While this society is forming will you not, my dear sister, make 
 some exertion to collect a small sum among yonn: female friends 
 
 sufficient to defray the expenses of Miss 's voyage, should 
 
 she conclude to come ? Will those females who are surrounded 
 with all the comforts and even the luxuries of life, refuse to 
 contribute to the happiness of a solitary female in a strange 
 land, without a mother, sister, or female friend ? No. I know 
 they will rejoice to have the opportunity of doing something 
 for the cause of the Redeemer, for the souls of the heathen, and 
 
66 JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 for the comfort of those who have left their native land for the 
 spread of the gospel. I know you will use your influence 
 among your friends to make this collection, when you reflect 
 how much I shall need a female to assist in the mission, and 
 when you are informed how useful females are in this country. 
 Schools are needed extremely ; and unless there are two females 
 in a mission, a school cannot be attended. If there can be suf- 
 
 cient collected to pay Miss 's passage, will you take the 
 
 trouble of writing to her immediately, as she may probably 
 delay coming on account of there being no society to bear the 
 expense of her passage ? I intend writing to Mrs. Bolles, of 
 Salem, on the subject, if I have time before this vessel sails. If 
 I do not write, be so kind as to request her to make the same 
 exertions among her female friends, with yourself. I leave this 
 affair with you, my dear Mrs. C, in the hands of God, who has 
 the entire disposal of his creatures. We have found by expe- 
 rience, since we left our native land, that the Lord is indeed a 
 covenant-keeping God, and takes care of those who confide in 
 him. I have ever considered it a singular favor that God has 
 given me an opportunity to spend my days in a heathen land. 
 Though he has made it my duty to give up endearing connec- 
 tions, and suffer many privations, yet he has made me feel that 
 he is my portion ; and I am happy in the prospect of spending 
 my days in instructing those who have never yet heard of Jesus. 
 If I may be instrumental in leading some infant female to lisp 
 the praise of God, I shall rejoice in the sacrifice of country, 
 reputation, and friends. You can form no idea of the melan- 
 choly state of the heathen in this part of the world. Heathen, 
 idolatrous temples are everywhere erected, and the ignorant 
 multitudes pay their devotions to the most odious figures of 
 their own making. But their devotions and maxims are not 
 calculated to reform the heart of life. It is all outward show, 
 without the least appearance of solemnity or holy devotion. 
 How unlike the religion of the meek and holy Saviour ! How 
 opposite its effects and consequences ! Who would not be will- 
 ing to sacrifice worldly comfort to communicate the news of 
 salvation to the benighted pagans? And what Christian in our 
 native land but will rejoice to have an opportunity to contribute 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 67 
 
 his mite for this glorious object? O, my dear Mrs. C, pray- 
 much for us in this infant mission. Pray that we may be spir- 
 itual and holy; and, when your little social circle meet for 
 prayer and praise, remember these poor, ignorant females in a 
 heathen land, who know no such joys, who have no animating 
 hopes to comfort their hearts in the dreary hour of death. 
 
 I shall write you all the particulars of the mission when we 
 are settled. Write me every opportunity, and be assured your 
 letters will be a cordial to the heart of, 
 
 Your still affectionate, - Nancy Judson. 
 
 Brother and sister Newell are gone to the Isle of France. 1 
 have not heard of them since they went. The missionaries at 
 Serampore are still successful. They have constant additions 
 to their church. Mr. Judson and myself are residing at a Mr. 
 Polt's in Calcutta, where we are very kindly treated. Let me 
 once more request, my dear Mrs. C, you will do all in your 
 
 power toward having Miss ■ come to us. She is eminently 
 
 qualified to be in a mission. But I need not be so urgent with 
 you, who have the cause of God so near your heart ; yet let rae 
 again ask you to write her and encourage her coming. 
 
 The LoKb5' Frvkyer in Burme5e. 
 
 ^oocooSoso? ^caDccoQoSSSg^olseeoooii SScsooSoo^ 
 GoooSolffOcoooiioacSGooSoD^coooSsooSc^lQ^^ooc^qS 
 
 G^^gQC^T^ol^^^olcOeoOOll O3OOoSiSg8GCOOoSGOOOO30O 
 C^030g)|5c^9a08CSCj^oS03©^a3c8S8CO800^O8CO05Qolll0^ 
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 OD^cgoSaDob::^03ogj|6'c^c^03QS<go8c^cgoSGooS(^olii oa 
 QS eog8 csooScpcS oc^oSg0c6 acoooSs ex)o 03« oacp ^8 
 
 Oo£8C:goSol«^03G^oS800oSoOO|08GOo5(j^olll llOSOoSll 
 
THK MISSIONARY'S BRIDE. 
 
 AN INCIDENT IN THE LIFE OF ADONIRAM JUDSON, D. D. 
 
 Dr. Judson was three times married. His first wife was 
 Ann Hazeltine, one of that band of pioneer missionaries who 
 left this country in 1812. She was a woman of wonderful 
 energy and fortitude, and sustained, as few could have done, 
 the hands of her husband the first twelve years of his eventful 
 life. His second wife was Sarah Boardman, the widow of 
 George D. Boardman, his associate in the mission work. She 
 was a lady of great purity and sweetness of character, and 
 walked by his side for a score of years, ministering tenderly to 
 his necessities in all time of his trial and adversity. She died 
 at sea, and was buried at St. Helena, when returning with her 
 husband to their native land in 1845. His third wife was Emily 
 Chubbuck, a young lady somewhat celebrated at the time in 
 literary circles, as a writer of works of fiction, and a contributor 
 to the magazines of the day, under the nom de plume of Fanny 
 Forrester. The great disparity in their ages, and the fact that 
 she was but little known in the religious world, caused the 
 engagement to be sharply criticised. Especially did it bring 
 grief and amazement to some of Dr. Judson's cherished and life- 
 long friends. The wisdom of his choice, however, was soon 
 apparent to all, and to-day her memory is embalmed in the 
 affections of thousands of Christians of all lands, as one of the 
 illustrious trio of women, who shared in the labors and suffer- 
 ings of this eminent servant of the cross. 
 
 An incident which occurred in his courtship with this last- 
 named wife forms the subject of the following poem : 
 
 A young man in the Pagan world 
 
 The banner of the Cross unfurled ; 
 
 Where Christian foot had seldom trod, 
 
 He bore aloft the ark of God ; 
 
 And published, through contempt and shame, 
 
 The Gospel in Jehovah's name. 
 
JtJDSON CENTENNIAL. 69 
 
 To his commission, so sublime, 
 He gave the wealth of manhood's prime ; 
 The added strength of later years, 
 When faith had triumphed over fears; 
 The seed he scattered, fruitage bore. 
 Which nerved him for new trials more ; 
 Through graee he overcame his foes; 
 The desert blossomed as the rose, — 
 When, weary, with his staff in hand, 
 He turned toward his native land, 
 He left beneath the hopia tree. 
 The bride he bore across the sea; 
 And laid within an ocean grave 
 Another just as true and brave; 
 Then trod, his weary wanderings o'er, 
 An aged man, his native shore. 
 
 Oh ! never round the hero's brow 
 
 Were greener laurels wi'eathed than now; 
 
 Old age embraced, the young man pressed. 
 
 With welcomes warm, the honored guest. 
 
 His courtly bearing, quiet air. 
 
 Bespoke the man of culture rare ; 
 
 And crowds, charmed by his broken tongue, 
 
 Upon his speech delighted hung ; 
 
 And Zion clasped him to her breast. 
 
 And bade her weary servant rest. 
 
 But Time a wondrous change had wrought, 
 And few remained of all he sought; 
 And tarrying for a while, anew. 
 He longed his mission to pursue; 
 Yet not alone, — he still must share 
 The love of gentle woman there; 
 Some hand must hold till set of sun. 
 Till his great work of life were done. 
 
 So, artless as a child at play, 
 He wandered up and down the way. 
 And caught at last a pleasant smile 
 From one who could his hours beguile; 
 And acted o'er the lover's part. 
 And offered to the maid his heart. 
 Then, rumor in an old man's ear 
 Whispered a tale of doubt and fear; 
 
70 JtlDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 An Elder, earnest, honest, wise, — 
 The story filled him with surprise. 
 A pupil of the olden school, 
 He made the law of Christ his rule; 
 All plans and projects he abhorred. 
 Which had not a " Thus saith the Lord." 
 Should his dear brother, growing gray. 
 To Cupid's arrow's fall a prey ? 
 Should one without a call from God, 
 Tread by his side the paths he trod ? 
 Should gossips sport with Judson's name,- 
 With scandal tarnish his pure fame ? 
 Would the thrice-uttered vow, if given, 
 Meet the approving smile of heaven ? 
 
 His duty seemed as clear as day, 
 And conscience counseled no delay; 
 So, gathering courage as he went, 
 With solemn mien, and look intent. 
 He to the village damsel spoke. 
 And thus to her the matter broke: 
 
 "A rumor, child, has come to me, 
 That you will Mrs. Judson be ; 
 Pray tell me, ere that Dr. J., 
 Loved of the Lord, passed oh this way, 
 Were you impressed it was God's will 
 That you should such a station fill ? 
 That you should to the heathen go. 
 And lift them from their shame and woe ? 
 And as His herald, should declare 
 The tidings of salvation there ? 
 Had you conceived of such a life. 
 Till Judson sought you for his wife ? " 
 
 " Now, Father Peck," Ihc maiden said. 
 As modestly she dropped, her head, 
 
 " 1 trust the Lord is guiding me 
 To do His will on land or sea. 
 You say the Spirit should decide 
 The question, Shall I be his bride ? 
 I do not know how this may be, 
 But one thing was revealed to me; 
 When I was pressed for yes or no, 
 A voice spoke very plainly, 'Go.' — 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 71 
 
 So plain, my trusting heart spoke out 
 That simple Yes, without a doubt. 
 And now I hope that you, and all, 
 Will see I've had a special call." 
 
 The aged father naught could say 
 To her reply, but, " Let us pray; " 
 And, bowing with the maiden there, 
 He wrestled with his God iu prayer. 
 He prayed for Zion, that her light 
 Might pierce the dreadful shade of night; 
 That the poor Pagan yet might see 
 The Sacrifice on Calvary; 
 That God would stay his brother's hands 
 When toiling in those far-off lauds ; 
 That she, his chosen one, might bless, 
 With woman's tenderest caress. 
 The evening of so grand a life, 
 And be the good man's loving wife. 
 
 And so they mated, — you have seen, 
 When summer dressed the hills in green. 
 The giant oak, pride of the land. 
 Alone in simple grandeur stand; 
 And you have seen the graceful vine 
 Round the old trunk itself entwine. 
 And lend to age a charm and grace 
 The painter's pencil loves to trace. 
 So she, fair daughter, gentle, true. 
 Sweet child of genius, fairer grew. 
 As day by day she fondly flung 
 Her arms around his neck, and clung 
 To him, his all, whate'er betide, 
 The missionary's angel bride. 
 
 Morn broke in beauty o'er the bay; 
 The islands of the harbor lay 
 Like gems upon the water's blue; 
 From out the West a fair wind blew; 
 A bark, with all her sails unfurled. 
 Is starting for the Eastern w^orld; 
 Upon the clear, still morning air. 
 Comes up the voice of earnest prayer; 
 And tears, how free and fast they fall. 
 As, " Loose the cable," is the call ! 
 
72 jtJDSON CENTENNIAL. 
 
 While they, the loved, the young bride fair, 
 And he with thin and frosty hair, 
 Wave to us one long, last adieu. 
 
 memory, how comes back that view ! 
 
 1 see them standing on the deck, 
 
 As the brave ship becomes a speck, — 
 Till coast and headland, native shore. 
 Return their farewell glance no more. 
 
 And so I muse: There is some heart 
 
 Ready to bear with us a part 
 
 Of burdens that are on us cast, — 
 
 Some one to love us to the last; 
 
 Some hand to smooth life's rugged way; 
 
 Some smile to cheer us day by day; 
 
 Some angel with a radiant brow 
 
 Is walking with us even now. 
 
DR. JUDSON AS A PREACHING MISSIONARY. 
 
 " Personal reminiscences " are, of course, out of the question, 
 even for one who, like myself, was born in Burmah, my parents 
 only arriving in the country to learn of Dr. Judson's death 
 at sea, in 1860. Tbe writer may, however, claim to be an 
 illustration of Judson's posthumous influence, inasmuch as his 
 visit to Brown University, in 1845, seems to have had a deter- 
 mining influence on my father's life, and through him on me. 
 I have been asked, however, to dwell more especially, on Dr. 
 Judson's posthumous influence as a pioneer preacher of the 
 gospel to the heathen. From all I can gather, I have no hesi- 
 tation in saying that his influence in this direction is greater 
 than in any other. Great as was his literary work, chief among 
 which was his peerless version of the Scriptures, it is evident 
 from all the reminiscences that can be gleaned of his life that 
 he regarded it as secondary to the still greater work of preach- 
 ing the gospel. While the Maulmain reminiscences gather 
 chiefly around the literary work which necessarily detained him 
 there so many years, all the other parts of Burmah which are 
 fragrant with his memory are associated with his work as the 
 pioneer preaching missionary. Even in Maulmain I was struck 
 by reading, in his life by his son, of his preaching tours among 
 the heathen Karens in their native fastnesses, before the days 
 of Abbott and the Vintons, — records reminding one of the fact 
 that it was by a mere accident that it was Boardman at Tavoy, 
 and not Judson at Maulmain, who baptized Ko Thah-byu, the 
 first Karen convert, who was ransomed from his heathen mas- 
 ters by a Burman Christian under Judson's influence. As for 
 the other places of Dr. Judson's residence, so much are they 
 identified with his work as a preaching missionary that I cannot 
 better describe the latter than by answering a question often 
 asked us, " Where have you crossed the pioneer missionary's 
 track in the land of the Judsons ? " 
 
74 JoDSOtSr CENTENNIAL. 
 
 In answering this question I regret to say that it has never 
 been my privilege to witness the scene of Dr. Judson's greatest 
 sufferings in Upper Burmah, especially as it was solely his desire 
 to preach to the best advantage that led him to choose that Mecca 
 of Buddhism as his place of residence. I have no hesitation, 
 however, in taking you in imagination with me to Rangoon, as the 
 scene of his greatest triumph as a preaching missionary. Here 
 was set that great example which has been an inspiration to so 
 many weary workers since, of praying for and laboring with so 
 many " Buddhist philosophers " without any apparent result, 
 until at length the truth found a lodgment in the heart of 
 Moung Nau. All that is needed to bring those weary years 
 vividly to mind is to search among the white clothes of the 
 dhobies\ or washermen's quarter, in Rangoon, for the site of 
 the first za^/at or wayside preaching rest-house, in front of where 
 the Judson's lived, or to witness a baptism, as I have done, in 
 the Royal Lakes at the base of Shay-da-gone, the great golden 
 pagoda of Rangoon, where Moung Nau was baptized by Dr. 
 Judson, contrary to Buddhist law, by the pale light of the 
 moon. 
 
 The next place we would fain take you is where we first 
 crossed Dr. Judson's track by being born. We refer to Hen- 
 zada (or Henthada), 150 miles up the Irrawaddy River, where 
 Judson was wont to stop and distribute tracts on his tedious 
 iourneys by boat up and down the River on bis way to and from 
 the court of Ava to plead for the privilege of preaching the gos- 
 pel in the domains of the Burmese king. May not the seed 
 then sown account for the precious harvest of souls which 
 awaited the sainted Crawley and Thomas who afterwards 
 founded this Mission ? At any rate, Syah Oo Aing, the dear 
 old ex-pastor of the Burman Baptist Church in Henthada, still 
 tells a thrilling story of having assisted in throwing stones at 
 Dr. Judson in Prome, at the time when he was forced to relin- 
 quish that station which he attempted to hold after the first 
 Burmese war. That stoning, however, seems to have operated 
 like the "laying of the witnesses' clothes" at the feet of another 
 young persecutor, for the course of years saw this Burman 
 
JUDSON CENTENNIAL. 75 
 
 relating liis experience through a Karen Christian, as an inter- 
 preter to my father, who in turn translated it into English for 
 the sainted Crawley who had recently arrived in the country, 
 and who was thus early cheered by the reception of this " first 
 fruits of Henthada into the earthly church." 
 
 The above allusion to Prome leads us to mention a remark- 
 able prophecy uttered by Pr. Judson as he was forced to aban- 
 don tliat great city where he so longed to preach all his life. 
 It seems that he found temporary shelter during his stay in that 
 city under the shadow of the great Shay-san-daw pagoda, to 
 which we, like all strangers in Prome, were conducted. Imagine 
 the effect, upon one standing at the base of that pagoda, of Dr. 
 Judson's apostrophe as it is repeated by the Burman Christians 
 to this day : " O Shway-san-daw, Shway-san-daw, the day is 
 coming when thy shadow, fall where it may, shall not fail to 
 fall on the home of a Christian ! " The most remarkable thing 
 about the prophecy is that it has been literally fulfilled. May 
 God hasten the fullfilment of that other prophecy, published in 
 his first tract, entitled, "A View of the Christian Religion," to 
 the effect that within the next hundred years or so. Buddhism 
 shall be numbered with the effete religious systems of the world. 
 
 But time would fail us to tell of his living, much less of his 
 posthumous influence on the work of evangelizing the world by 
 the apostolic method of preaching. We would fain point to 
 his desire, expressed in the public meeting of the Triennial 
 Convention, to go to Arakan where we expect so soon to go, 
 rather than see it abandoned, as was then so shortsightedly 
 mooted, provided the board would release him from his literary 
 labors. We would simply close with the picture of Judson 
 laboring with more than one of our earlier missionaries, whose 
 predilections were more in an educational than in a strictly 
 evangelistic direction, suggesting that not only in point of time, 
 but in missionary methods as well. Dr. Judson was not only 
 "the apostle of Burma," but the foremost missionary of modern 
 times. W. F. Thomas. 
 
 Boston, Aug. 27, 1888. 
 

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