Library of the Theological Seminary PRINCETON o NEW JERSEY Gift of President Francis L. Patton 1907 BX9003.12.C441 K46 1861 tCemp, Alexander Ferrie, 1822-1884. pigest of the Minutes of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, with a hisi introduction, and an appendix of forms an< rj^ - cc-u DIGEST OF THE MINUTES OP THB SYNOD OF THE PEESBYTEEIAN CHUECH OP CANADA, HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION, APPEND.IX OF FORMS AND PROCEDURES. REV. ALEX. F. KEMP, ST. GABRIEL STREET CHURCH, MONTREAL. Let all things be done decently and iu order. 1 CoE. xiv. 4*. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY JOHN LOVELL ; SOLD BY B. DAWSON 4 SON, MONTREAL ; D. M'lELLAN, HAMILTON ; AND E. A A. MILLEE, TOBONTO. 1861. INTRODUCTION. 1. — CRITICAL. At the recommendation of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in the year 1859, I undertook to prepare a Digest of its Minutes, and would then have proceeded with its publication but, on consideration, it appeared to me desirable to wait the issue of the then pending negociations for union with the United Presbyterian Church. These negociations having been brought to a happy termination, enables me to include all the pro- ceedings in regard to them in this book, and to make it otherwise a complete documentary history of the Church. With as much alacrity as the time at my disposal would admit of, I have carried out the work undertaken by me, and now present it to my brethren in the ministry and eldership in the hope that, along with the Appendix of Forms and Procedures, it may prove of some interest to them, and be generally useful as a guide in the future proceed- ings of the Church in this Province. Some persons may be disposed to underrate the value of such a book, and to look upon the facts and transactions which it records as of little importance. I trust there are few such in our Church and that a higher and healthier estimate than this is entertained of the value of the Church's chronicles. If history is of no use or interest, then these records may, with other memoranda of the past, be permitted to perish and pass into oblivion ; but, if we are to re""ard past events as the procedure of divine Providence in the guidance of the visible kingdom of Christ, then must the history of the Church, however dry it may be to some, yet be to the wise important lights and beacons to indicate the path of future action IV and progress. In this view, every authentic record of what our fathers did becomes important to us. Those who are ignorant of the Church's history— of its trials, labours, and triumphs, — are ill fitted to take an intelligent part in her present proceedings and councils. Those who despise the wisdom of the ancients and have never noted their folly, will, as a penalty for this neglect, be likely left to grope blindly among the elements of things upon which a knowledge of the past would have shed a brilliant light. True it is that to be always looking at or laying the foundations is a waste of time and energy, — to dwell in, or to be always reproducing the past is not good. An excessive reverence for what is ancient sim_ ply because it is so, is a prejudice which, if indulged in, will certainly hinder our progress ; but this is not one of the ordinary results of an attention to history ; it is the antiquarian, not the historical spirit, — it is the spirit which would collect into heaps the remnants of the past for their own sake, and not for the purpose of reducing them to scientific order, or making them points from which to start forward on the way to perfection. The antiquarian spirit is retrograde, the historical is progressive ; the one manifests itself in mediasval tractarianism, the other in the aggressive life of the most reformed of the reformation Churches. While in this country we are in little danger of becoming antiquarians, we are yet exposed to the temptation of forgetting rather than cherishing, of despising rather than respecting the past. In the ardour of our youth we may be tempted to think that we can do without the past, and that it had better be left to rot in its sepulchre. This is an error to the prevalence of which it were well to put an arrest. The true policy of the Church is to ally the wisdom of the past with the life and vigour of the present ; to make the one the handmaid of the other, so that the future may spring from the past, and the Church may grow up symmetrically as a tree of the Lord's planting. This Digest will, I hope, greatly facilitate the study of our Church's history. It embraces every document and transaction of importance pertaining to the Church, from the formation of the Synod in 1844 down to the present time. The materials are ar- ranged in such order as seemed to me best for intelligent reference. Objections, I am aware, may be taken to the method of classifica- tion adopted, and that not without reason, but all I can say in reply is, that I have done my best, and in every case have pro- ceeded upon grounds which, after much reflection, have appeared to me satisfactory. Some things I could wish to improve, but upon the whole, I am satisfied that the arrangement adopted, if not in all cases the most logical, will yet be found both instructive and useful. I have endeavoured so to combine chronological se- quence with relation of subject, as that under each title and sub- title there may be found in the order of time all the proceedings of the Synod in regard to them. Having read with care all these transactions many times over, it is gratifying to me to be able to say, that their literary charac- ter is, for the most part, of a very high order, and that the sev- eral Clerks of Synod have been men, who, for their knowledge of ecclesiastical procedure, and their scholarly attainments, are worthy of all praise. Speaking critically, I would say, that the resolu- tions of the earlier Synods are drawn up with more pains and care than those of the later. The practice was more common then than now, to send important reports or questions to commit- tees, that resolutions carefully prepared might by them be sub- mitted to the Court. It stands to reason that decisions thus pre- pared by competent hands wUl be both more correct in expres- sion, and more comprehensive in substance than those drawn up in Synod, and in the course of debate. It is to be hoped that this good old practice will become a standing usage in the Synod of the Canada Presbyterian Church. I would further critically remark that most of the judicial cases of reference and appeal are, even from the beginning, defec- tive in the record of the facts or questions involved in each. This I have found to be a common error in ecclesiastical records in general. Many, oven of our best Clerks, are satisfied with record- ing the simple title of a case, with the motions and decisions regarding it, and so far as present practical purposes are concerned, nothing more may be required. Most Clerks like, too, to put a case in the shortest possible form, and Church Courts in confirm- ing their minutes, do not always care to supply posterity with the facts of eases, with which they themselves are perhaps painfully familiar. It thus happens that after a time the facts of many important cases are either altogether lost, or can only be imper- fectly gathered from the recorded decisions upon them. It would greatly improve our Presbyterial records were we in all cases of reference or appeal, to copy the forms of Law Reports, and give a succinct account of the salient points in each case ; in this way our cases would become valuable as precedents for future reference. 2. — HISTORICAL. I had intended to have given at some length a history of the rise and progress of the Presbyterian Church in the Canadas, and for this purpose had collected some materials, but as this book has swelled out to an unexpected magnitude, I can only in the space afforded me, give a very brief sketch of the main features of our history. The history of the Church in the early times of the colony, is more the history of separate congregations, and of missionary labours, than of a united or organized body. The Church fol- lowed tardily the tide of immigration, and each congregation as it vu was formed was left to struggle against all the difficulties of a new country, and of limited resources, with little aid, counsel, or sympathy, from the mother country. The first Presbyterian congregation was organized at Quebec, about the year, 1787. A regiment of Scottish soldiers were then in the barracks of that city, said to be the 26th Cameronians, among whom there were many pious men. They, along with a few civilians, met together in the school-room attached to the Jesuit barracks, and were supplied with public services by a Mr. Keith, a schoolmaster, about whom very little is known. The services of Mr. Sparks were afterwards obtained, and in the year 1809, the present St. Andrews Church was erected on land granted by government. Shortly after the organization of the Quebec Church we find Mr. Bethune a minister of the Church of Scotland preaching to several congregations in the County of Glengary ; the Churches of Martintown, Williamstown, Lancaster and Cornwall, were originally organised by him. About the year 1790 the Presbyterians of Montreal of all denominations both British and American, organised themselves into a Chui'ch, and in in the following year secured the permanent services of the Rev. John Young. At this time they met in the RecoUet Roman Catholic Church, but in the year following they erected the edifice which is now known as St. Gabriel Street Church — the oldest Protestant Church in the Province. In their early minuts we find them, in acknowledgment of the kindness of the RecoUet Fathers, presenting them with " One Box of Candles, 56 lbs. at 8d.," and " One Hhd. of Spanish Wine at £6 5s." Mr. Young, their first minister, was a licentiate of the estab- lished Presbytery of Irvine, who went to the United States about the year 1786, was soon after ordained by the Presbytery of New York to the Church at Schenectady, and at the formation of the Presbytery of Albany in 1790 became one of its members. In vm 1791, we find him along with the congregation at Montreal, pe- titioning the Presbytery of Albany to be taken under its care' which they agreed to do and appointed Mr. Young at the same time stated supply at Montreal. Until June 1793, both minister and Church continued to form part of that Presbytery, but in that year on petition by Mr. Young and the Church they were dis- missed to join a Presbytery then formed in Canada, under the name of the " Presbytery of Montreal." This is the first Pres- bytery that was constituted in Canada, and there can be little doubt, although no record of the fact remains, that its members were Mr. Bethune, Mr. Sparks, and Mr. Young, with their elders. The only thing that we certainly know of them is the name which they assumed, from which it appears that they claimed no connec- tion with the established Church of Scotland. In tracing the history of the organization of Presbyteries we do not find that this first one had any regular meetings or did any thing notable, and not again till the year 1805, does the form of a Ca- nadian Presbytery appear. In that year Mr. Bethune, Mr. Sparks, and an elder met for the special purpose of ordaining the Rev. James Somerville, to the pastoral charge of St. Gabriel Street Church, then vacant by the resignation of Mr. Young, whose con- duct and character became ofiensive to his people. Mr. Somer- ville was prior to this date a teacher in Quebec. He was licensed by the Relief Church Presbytery of Glasgow, in Scotland, in the year 1799, and appears to have come to this country shortly thereafter. He subsequently connected himself with the Synod in connection with the Church of Scotland, and although for many years unable to preach, he continued to be the recognised minister of the Church over which he was ordained till his death which occurred in the year 1837. The nest meeting of a Presbytery in this country was also in Montreal. In the year 1818, at the call of the Rev. Mr. Smart IX of Brockvillc, four ministers, chiefly of the Associate Church of Scotland, met together, hoping to unite all the Presbyterians in the Province into one Church. They, however, failed in obtaining the co-operation of the ministers from the established Church of Scotland, who for reasons not stated stood entirely aloof from the movement. The brethren met, however, in Mr. Easton's Church, St. Peter's Street, afterwards called St. Andrew's Church, and organised themselves under the name of the " Presbytery of the Canadas." In the following year they met again iu Glengary, when it was agreed that those in the Lower Province should be left to form a Presbytery by themselves, and that those in the Upper should form three Presbyteries, one to meet at Cornwall? another at Brockville or Perth, and a third at Niagara, the whole to form a general Synod to meet once a year. These Presbyteries met more or less frequently, and the Synod continued to meet at intervals until the year 1840, when they united with the Synod in connection with the Church of Scotland. The ministers of the Church of Scotland may have held in- formal Presbyterial meetings at various times after 1803, for the induction of ministers as they were called to congregations in Canada, but if so, no records of such meetings now remain. In the year 1828, several of them met and calling themselves a Meeting of Ministers or a Presbytery, they ordained the Kev. Ed. Black, as assistant and successor to both Mr. Somerville, and Mr. Esson, the latter of whom came to this country in the year 1817. Not, however, till the year 1831, did any permanent organization exist. A convention of ministers was in that year held at Kingston, nineteen in number, by whom a Synod was formally constituted by virtue of the powers inherent in them as ministers of the Church of Christ. From the beginning they sought connection with the established Church of Scotland, but left it to the General Assembly of that Church to determine the nature of the connection which should subsist between them. This Synod has continued to meet annually ever since that date, and in 1833,were, by a declaratory Act of the General Assembly, recognised as in such relation with the Church of Scotland as the independent position of the Colonial Church and the legal limitations of the Mother Church would admit of. In tracing the progress of the Church in Upper Canada, we find that its earlier history is closely interwoven with that of the Churches in the United States. The large immigration of " U. E. Loyalists," who, after the War of Independence settled along the banks of the Upper St.Lawrence on lands granted by the government, numbered among them many Presbyterians and Lutherans. About the year 1795 they erected a place of worship for their joint use in the Township of Osnabruck but the Presbyterians had no settled minister till the year 1817. In 1811 , the Rev. Mr. Smart,was sent out by the London Missionary Society to this country, who though settled in Brockville, yet preached in several neighbouring places, and organised several congregations. During the war of 181 2, he preached frequently to the Garrison at Fort Wellington, and on one of these occasions a ball from one of the American guns passed over his horse's neck and striking the ground a little beyond him covered him with dust. In 1817, the Rev. William Bell, was sent out to Perth, C.W,, by the Associate Presbytery of Edinburgh, to whom the congregation had made application. To him we are indebted for many interesting particulars about the Church and country at that time, contained in a valuable and able little book, published in 1824, entitled '' Hints to Emigrants, in a series of letters from Upper Canada." After this time more attention was directed to the Colonies by the Churches at home. The government also for the encouragement of emigration provided salaries to several ministers from the imperial revenues. Min- isters in succession came to St. Andrews, C.E., Williamstown, SI Lochiel, Martintown, Cornwall, and Osnabrnck. In 1821, Dr. Boyd, was ordained at Prescott, by a Presbytery of the United Synod, and is the first Presbyterian minister ordained in Upper Canada. Lanark, Beckwith, Richmond, C.W., Kingston, Markham, York, (Toronto), Niagara, &c., speedily obtained settled pastors and other congregations in both Provinces were organised from time to time. The missionary labours of the Dutch Reformed Church, on behalf of this Colony, must not be overlooked, and deserve com- mendation. So early as the year 1798, the Classis of Albany, in connection with that Church, sent the Rev. Robert McDowall, as their Missionary to Canada. In the following year he reported to them that he had visited a great number of settlements in Canada, and had formed into congregations the people of six dis- tricts, consisting of about 430 families. He found the people very hungry for the bread of life and very attentive to the preaching of the Word. He afterwards accepted a call to settle as the pastor of the congregations of Adolphustown, Earnestown, and Freder- icksburg, where he reports " it is obvious that the Lord has opened a wide door for the entrance of the Gospel." In 1800, another Mission was sent out by the G-eneral Synod itself, but no particulars are reported of their labours. In 1806, Mr. McDowall writes to the Synod that he had reason to be thankful that the truths of the Grospel had gained an ascendancy over many, but laments that he cannot adequately discharge the duties of his extensive charge. He is alone ; the country is large ; many and pressing are the invitations sent him to preach in distant parts. He had several times gone to York (Toronto) 200 miles away, which he says is a " very pleasant town and contains a large number of people." He often preached from six to nine times in the week, and his labours in the way of baptizing and marrying were excessive. In the same year three more Missionaries were sent to Canada for xu a short time from whom no report was published. In 1809, two others were sent out for three months, who reported that during that time they had preached 81 sermons, administered the Lord's Supper thrice, baptised 13 children, and received 30 persons into the Church. In 1810, two more were sent, one of whom reports that on a tour round Lake Ontario, he had preached 53 sermons, baptized 19 persons, and received 18 into the Church. He also organized a Church in York (Toronto) which he says " is now under the care of the Classis of Albany." To the Presbytery of Albany, and the Classis of Albany, are, it would thus appear, due the credit of having fostered the first Presbyterian Churches of Montreal and Toronto, and to the Dutch Reformed Church, the credit of having sent several faithful ministers to Upper Canada, and of organizing the first Presbyterian Church in Toronto. It was to this same congregation to which we presume, the Rev. James Harris was ordained by a Presbytery of the United Synod in the year 1821, and which is now known as Knox Church Toronto, in connection with the Presbyterian Church of Canada, Not till about 1829, was the present St. Andrew's Church, Toronto, formed, whose first minister the Rev. Wm. Rintoul, began his labours in 1830. The American ministers of the United Synod, did not unite with the Synod in connection with the Church of Scotland, but continued for many years to form the Presbytery of Niagara, which seems to have lapsed about the year 1845; several of its ministers and congregations united with the Presbyterian Church of Canada, and a few still remain separate as American Presby- terian Churches. The only question which agitated the Church to any extent, prior to the year 1844, was that of the Clergy Reserves, with which was associated the endowment of 75 Rectories of the Church of England, by Sir John Colbourne in 1836. The Pres- byterian Synod, on the grounds of its connection with the National XIU Church of Scotland, claimed, in virtue of the Treaty of Union between England and Scotland, equal consideration from the Im- perial Government with ministers of the Church of England, in the distribution of the lands reserved for the support of a Pro- testant Clergy in the Province. The endowment of the Rectories, and the disparaging terms in which Scotchmen and the Scotch Church were spoken of by the then Solicitor General in the discus- sions which ensued, roused the indignation of the large and influ- ential Presbyterian community. The result was a meeting of Delegates from the several Churches in connection with the Church of Scotland, at Cobourg in 1837, in which strong resolutions were moved, a petition sent to the King, and a deputy commissioned to Britain, to represent their cause to the Imperial Government. In July of the next year, we find also the Synod of the Church publishing a long and able protest against the unequal distribution of the Reserves. These subjects continued to agitate both the Church and the country, until in 1854 they were finally settled by the Provincial Parliament; — by commuting with all the ministers who received grants from the Reserve Fund, they re- moved even the " semblance " of a connection between the Protes- tant Church and the State in Canada. The nest question of moment which the Church was called upon seriously to consider, was that of the rights and spiritual Independence of the National Church of Scotland. The Synod in Canada fully, and all but unanimously, approved of the con- tendings of the Parent Church in Scotland, and from the year 1841 to 1844, sent resolutions of sympathy to the General Assembly, and petitions to the Imperial Parliament on their behalf. The shock of the disruption which occurred in 1843 in Scotland, was felt also in this Colony, and in 1844, resulted in the separation from the Synod here, of 23 of its ministers. These ministers so- lemnly protested against the Synod's unfaithfulness to its avowed XIV convictions, and against a continuance of* such a connection with the established Church of Scotland as seemed to involve respon- sibility for its actions, and an approval of the position which it had now assumed in relation to the State, and by which, for the first time in its history, it had apparently to them, subjected its spiri- tual prerogatives to the supremacy of the civil power. They after- wards, along with several representative elders, formed themselves into the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, the history of whose proceedings the following Digest contains. I regret that I have no materials from which to sketch the rise of the United Presbyterian Church in this Province. I presume that their early ministers were among the " Seceders " who did not join the Church in connection with the Church of Scotland, along with the United Synod of Canada. At first they were called the Missionary Synod of the United Secession Church, but after the union of that Church with the Relief in Scotland in 1847, they assumed the name which they now bear. The next historical event of moment will doubtless be the Union of the United Presbyterian Church with our own. Future histo- rians of our affairs will doubtless look upon this act as the epoch of a new era of life and prosperity to the Church. This brief and imperfect sketch of the history of the Presbyterian Church in Canada, is all that my space will permit me to give at pre- sent. In closing this introduction, I beg to acknowledge with thanks the receipt of valuable historical notes from the Revs. Messrs. Smart and Cheyne, and of pamphlets from Dr. Burns ; special acknowledgments are also due for the kind and courteous assistance frequently rendered me by Mr. Reid of Toronto. I feel somewhat sorry that my work is done ; and only hope, that in Providence I may be spared another twenty years to chronicle the acts, and digest the proceedings of the " Canada Presbyterian Church." May the Lord, our King and Head, accompany with his blessing, this effort to serve His Church. ALEXANDER F. KEMP. Montreal, Feb., 1861. TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Constitution and Peinciplks of the Chuech. . First meeting of Synod. 2. Protest of certain ministers and elders 3. Reasons of Dissent and Protest by J. M. Roger and Wm. Reid 4. Synod constituted. 5. Communications from tlie Free Church o Scotland. 6. Resolutions at Synodical public meeting. Y. Act adopting the Formula. (1) Formula to be signed. (2) Questions for Minister. (3) Questions for License. (4) Questions for Elders. (5) Questions for Deacons. 8. Proposed Testimony. 9. Resolutions on the Standards — Declaratory Act. 10. Barrier Act. 11. Act to regulate calls in certain cases. 12. Act to regulate the licensing of students. 13. Act anent elders at Synod — Form of Commission. 14. Standing Orders > Paob 1 CHAPTER II. Subordinate Church Courts. . Commission of Synod — constitution and duties. 2. Presbyteries. — (1) Divisions according to Churches. (2) Territorial divisions. (3) Arrangement of Presbytery Rolls. (4) Division of the Presbytery of Kingston. (5) Presbytery of Perth and Brockville formed. (6) Perth changed into Ottawa. (7) Brockville and Ottawa united. (8) Pres- bytery of London formed. (9) Brockville and Ottawa separated. (10) Visitation of Presbyteries. (11) Presbyterial visitations. (12) Status of Ministers without charges. 3. Elders and Deacons. — (1) Duties of Elders and Deacons. (2) Modes of ordaining ditto. (3) Recommendation concerning Deacons. (4) Directions for the Elec- tion and Ordination of Deacons, and the formation of Deacons' Courts. (5) Reference respecting Deacons. (6) Recommendations to Pres- byteries and Ministers anent Deacons Page 26 CHAPTER III. Judicial Decisions of the Synod. , On the Doctrines of the Church. — Mr. Peden's case — Church Property at Amherstburg. 2. On the Principles of the Church. (1) Dr. Ferrier's case. (2) Mr. J. Scott and the Confession. (3) On Baptism — con- ference on its administration. — Declaratory Act on Baptism. — Bap- tism of converts from the Church of Rome. — Overture on Roman Catholic Baptism. — Relation of baptised infants to the Church. 3. On the Worship of the Church. — (1) Psalmody. (2) Instrumental XVI Music — Brockville case. 4. On the Discipline of the Church. — (1) Case of Mr. Johnstone. (2) Case of Mr. McConechy. (3) Case of Mr. lUcKenzie. (4) Marriage while first wife still lives. (5) Marriage with deceased wife's sister (6) Marriage, — right to celebrate. (7) Jurisdiction of Presbyteries, — Cameron's case, — Finlay's case, — Erasure of Session Minutes. (8) Mosa case. (9) Reference in the case of Drs. Burns and Willis. (10) Sarnia case. (11) Keene case. (12) Indiscriminate traffic in Intoxicating Liquors — Cote Street Church, Montreal, 1st Case, — Reasons of Dissent, — Answer to Reasons, — Cot6 Street Church, 2nd case. (13) Use of Wine at the Lord's Table. (14) On Worldly amusements. (15) Case of Mr. McMurray. (16) Case of Ashburn and Utica. 5. On the Order and Procedure of the Church, — (1) St. Gabriel Street Churchy Montreal. (2) Reception of Congregations and sanctioning new Charges, — General Regulations, — Case of Kingston, — Second Charge in Quebec, — Second Charge in Woodstock, — Church in Boston, U. S. (3) Decisions on Calls — Peterboro case — Quebec case. (4) Status of Deputies from the Churches in Scotland and Ireland. (5) Ordination of Ministers by ForeignChurches. (6) PresbyterialVisitations, — Dr. Burns' complaint, (1) Reference Knox's Church, Toronto. (8) Appeals fallen from. (9) Irregularity in License and Admission. (10) Irregularity at induc- tion. (11) Miscellaneous cases, — Case of Mr. Cairns, — of Mr. Geggie, — Beckwith case, — On Ordination without Charge, — Resignation, — King case, — Arrears of Stipend, Pembroke, — Synodical Collections, —Examination of Session Records Page 46 CHAPTER IV. Admission of Ministers from other Churches. 1. Interim Regulations. 2. Act for the Admission of Ministers and Licentiates. 3. Relaxation of the Act in certain cases. 4. Amendment to the Act. 5. Ministers and Probationers received Page 1 10 CHAPTER V. SOSTENTATION OF THE MINISTRY. 1. Committee appointed and Scheme devised. 2. Scheme adopted. 3. Amendments to Scheme. 4. Instructions to Presbyteries. 5. Explan- ation of Scheme, — Agent appointed. 6. Scheme abandoned. 7. Pres- byterial Boards for the Sustentation of Ministry recommended, — Agency Committee. 8. Overtures on minimum Stipend. 9. Erection of Manses. 10. Expenses of Ministers and Elders at Church Courts Page 126 CHAPTER VI. On Missions. 1. Home Mission Schemes, — 1. Home Mission Committee. 2. Instructions to H. M. C. 3. Scheme remodelled. (1) Recommendations to Pres- XVll byteries. (2) Duties of Committee. 4. Further Instructions to H.M.C 5. Preachers, Licentiates, and Missionaries, at disposal of 11. M. C. 6. Presbytery Home Mission Funds. 7. Central H. M. Fund. 8 Juris- diction of the Committee over Missionaries. 9. Salaries of Mission- aries. 10. Additional Missionaries. 11. Distribution of H. M. Funds. 12. Catechists. 13. Missions to Germans. 14. Red River Mission. 15. Mission to North American Indians. IG. French Canadian Mission. 17. Students' Missionary Society. 18. Buxton Mission. 19. Grants from Free Church for Home Missions. 20. Donation from A. Gillespie, Esq., London, for H. M. II. Foreign Missioiis. 1. Collection for free Church, F. M. 2. Committee appointed F. M. 3. Mission to India,— Missionaries appointed, — Report of Committee, 1857. 4. Indian Mis- sion given up, — Report of Committee, 1858. 5. Mission to Vancouver's Island proposed.. .Report of Committee, 1859... Report, 18G0. 6. In- vitation to Dr. Duff to visit Canada Page 142 CHAPTER VII. Knox College, Toronto. 1. Preliminary proceedings. 2. The first Professors appointed. 3. Pro" fessor's stipend. 4. College Committee appointed. 5. "Knox Col" lege" designated. 6. Resolutions on Professors, Students, and Man" agement. 7. Appointment of Professors Willis and Rintoul. 8. Board- ing House. 9. Constitution for College. 10. Proposed Act of Incor- poration, 1850. 11. Curriculum, — Interim arrangements. 12. Ap- pointment of Professor Young, 13. Purchase or Erection of Col- lege buildings. 14. Literary Classes — Boarding House — Bursaries. 15. Supplementary Lectures. 16. Aid from Free Church dispensed ■with. 17. Hebrew Classes. 18. Literary Curriculum. 19. College Building and Deed of Trust. 20. Bursary Fund and Inspection of Students. 21. Students as Catechists. 22. Purchase and conveyance of College property. 23. Appointment of Professor Burns. 24. Act of Incorporation, 1856. 25. College Finances^Report 1858. 26. Act of Incorporation, 22 Vict., Cap. 69. (1858.) 27. Decla- ration of Principles. 28. Regulations for the government and administration of Knox College : — (1) Board of Management. (2) College Senate. (3) Principal. (4) Appointment of Professors. (5) Of Sessions and Students. (6) The Curriculum. 29. Subjects for examination of Students by Presbyteries. 30. King's College, Toronto. 31. University of Toronto. 32. Students to be received and licensed. 33. Preliminary Training of Students. 34. Position of Students in Curriculum. 35. Students as Catechists. 36. Stu- dents as Evangelists. 37. Examination of Students — Report of Com- mittee on Page 186. CHAPTER VIII. Benevolent Schemes of the Church. 1. Widows' and Orphans' Fund. 2. Aged and Infirm Ministers' Fund. 3. Collection for the sufferers by fire at Quebec Page 253. XVlll CHAPTER IX. SvxoDicAL Collections. Synod Fuad. — Home Mission. — Foreign and Jewish Mission of the Free Church. — Educational Scheme. — French Canadian Missions. — Widows' and Orphans' Fund. — Buxton Mission. — Aged and Infirm Min- isters.— Colportage Page 267 CHAPTER X. Union with other Presbyterian Churches. 1. Union with Presbytery of Niagara. 2. Union with Synod in connec- tion with Church of Scotland. 3. Union with Evangelical Churches. 4. Union with Orthodox Presbyterians. 5. Union with the United Presbyterian Church of Canada — (1) Committee appointed. (2) Action of Committee suspended, 1849. (3) Committee again appointed, 1854. — Resolution and Reports. (4) First Basis of Union, 1857. — Action on. (5) Resolution of U. P. Church on Basis, Action upon. (6) Report of Committee, 1858. (7) Basis of Union presented by U. P. Synod. (8) Basis of Union con- sidered and adopted. (9) Reasons of dissent by Dr. Bayne and others (10) Answers to Reasons of dissent. (11) Basis approved of by Presbyteries and Sessions. (12) Addition to Basis, by U. P. Synod not accepted. 13. Preamble to Basis proposed. (14.) Preamble amended and adopted. (15) United Church named Canada Pres- byterian Church. (16) Union to be consummated at Montreal. (17) Reasons of Dissent by Mr. Smellie. (18) Answers to said Reasons. (19) Reasons of Dissent by Messrs. McPherson and Fraser. (20) Answers to said Reasons. (21) Committees on Arrangement.. Page 273 CHAPTER XI. Foreign Churches — Deputations & Correspondence. 1. Free Church of Scotland. 2. Synod of New Brunswick. S.Presby- terian Church in Ireland. 4. Presbyterian Church in England. 5. Free Presbyterian Church, United States. 6. Presbyterian Church (New School) U. S. 7. Correspondence with 0. S. Presbyterian Church, U. S., on Slavery. 8. Communion with Slaveholders and Churches in U. S. 9. Miuisters from Churches in U. S... . Page 336 CHAPTER XII. General Interests op Religion. 1. Revivals and State of Religion. — Reports and Recommendations of Committee. 2. Sanctification of the Sabbath — Reports and Recom- mendation of Committee. 3. Sabbath Schools — Reports and Recom- mendation of Committee. 4. Intemperance. — (1) Resolution against Drinking usuages. (2) Prohibitory liquor Law. (3) Total Abstinence adopted. (4) Standing Committee !ip[)ointed. 5. Popery, — (1) Over- ture and Resolution. (2) Ecclesiasticiil Titles. (3) Holidays in Canada East. (4) Rights of Free Discussion in Canada East. (5) Ter-centenary of Reformation in Scotland Page 355 CHAPTER XIII. Obituary Notices. 1. Rev. W. Harris, Niagara. 2. Rev. William Rintoul, A. M. 3. Rev. Prof. H. Esson, A. JI. — Mr. John Burns. — Mr. John Fraser. 4. Rev. Prof. A. Gale, A. M. 5. Rev. John Bayne, D. D Page 387 CHAPTER XIV. Recokd — Agency — Officers of Synod — Colportage. . 1. Ecclesiastical and Missionary Record. 2. Mr. J. Burns, Editor of Record and Agent of Church. 3. Record and Agency Committee. 4. Mr Gale and Mr. Reid, Agents and Editor. 5. Mr. Reid, sole Agent of Church. 6. Treasurer of Synod. 7. Clerkship of Synod. 8. Ac- counts to close 1st May. 9. Select Finance Committee. 10. Colpor- tage— (1) Committee of Enquiry. (2) Scheme approved. (3) Con- stitution of Board. (4) Scheme suspended. (5) Scheme to be wound up. (6) Assets and Liabilities. (7) General Collection ap- pointed Page 387 CHAPTER XV. Clergy Reserves and Rectories. 1. Address to Governor General on the subject. 2. Answer. 3. Reso- lutions declining to share in Clergy Reserves. 4. Prohibition against applying for Clergy Reserves. 5. Appropriation of Reserves and Rectories to Education Pao-e 41 1 CHAPTER XVI. Book of Pkoceddre — Model Trust Deed. 1. Committee appointed on Procedure. 2. MS. of Book presented and re-committed. 3. Committee to prepare a Manual of Discipline. 4. Model Trust Deed Page 420 CHAPTER XVIL Loyal Addresses. 1. To the Queen on the Russian War. 2. To the Queen on the Peace. 3. To the Prince of Wales. — The Prince's Answer. 4. To the Governor General Page 426 XX CHAPTER XVIII. Miscellaneous Orders and Decisions. 1'. Address to Congregations. 2. Order to print Minutes. 3. Order tO' Print certain Reports. 4. Order for condensed Presbytery Reports. 5. Registration of Baptisms, Marriages and Burials. 6. Weekly Newspaper. 7. Tract on tlie Eldership. 8. Congregational and Ministerial Libraries. 9. Cheap Publication Scheme. 10. The Mon- ument to John Knox. 11. Separate Schools, C. W. 12. Religious Instruction in Common Schools, C. W. 13. Recognition of God in the Season of the year Page 431; CHAPTER XIX. Statistics of the Church. 1. General Instructions. 2. Standing Committee appointed. 3. Synod Roll for 1860. 4. Statistics of Synod's meetings. 5. Personal Sta- tistics of Presbyteries for 1860. 6. Finantial Statistics of Presby- teries for 1860. 7. Personal Statistics, — Comparative statement from 1849 to 1860. — 8. Financial Statistics, — Comparative statement from 1849 to 1860, — Statistics of Sabbath Schools ..Page. 436 APPENDIX. ' Ecclesiastical Forms and Procedure.. A. — Acts passed by the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada ivb connection with the Church of Scotland from 1831 to 1844. — Act for collecting funds for the erection of Churches. — Act on Presbyterial visitation. — Decision on civil suits in cases of discipline. — Resolutions on the independence of Church Courts in the exercise of discipline. 451 B. — Church Discipline. — Form of Process. — Form of Citation. — Pro- ceedings against Ministers or Elders. — Form of Libel. — Form of Citation. — Form of Deposition. — Form of Oath or Declaration. . 452 C. — Election and ordination of Elders or Deacons. — Edict 45T D. — Deacons 458 E. — Election of Ministers. — Intimation of Moderating in a Call. — Form. of a Call 45» F. — Trials for Ordination. — Edict for Ordination 461 G. — Translation. — Form of Citation. — Declaration of a Vacancy. . 462 H. — Various Forms. — Certificate of License. — Form of Transference. — Presbyterial Certificate. — Elder's Commission 463 J.— Trust Deeds. — Memoranda 464 DIGEST OE THE MINUTES ||r$siyterian ^|uctIj a! ©aiiak. CHAPTER I. Constitution and Principles. 1. — First meeting of Synod at Kingston, 10th July, 1844. Minutes, 1844, p. 3. — At Kingston the tenth day of July, one thousand eight hundred and forty-four years, which day there met in the Wesleyan Methodist Church, Wellington street, the follow- ing Ministers and Elders, heretofore members of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland, but who had just withdrawn from said Synod under two several Protests — viz : John M. Roger, Thomas Alexander, Henry Gordon, Wm. Reid, Alexander M'Lean, William Rintoul, Henry Esson, David Black, Mark Y. Stark, Alexander Grale, Donald M'Kenzie, John Bayne, Angus Mackintosh, Daniel Allan, Duncan M'Millan, William Meldrum, George Cheyne, George Smellie, Robt. Peden, Ministers, and Alexander Lindsay, Isaac Weylie, James Webster, George Davidson, James F. Westland, Elders. The Rev. Mark Y. Stark was called to the Chair, and the Rev. W. Riutoul appointed Secretary. The Chairman opened the meeting with prayer. It was agreed that the Protests under which the Ministers and Elders composing the meeting, and others absent, had withdrawn from the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in con- nexion with the Church of Scotland, should be recorded, and they are as follows : 2 2, — Protest of certain Ministers and Elders helonging to the Synod of Canada in connection with the Church of Scotland. Whereas, the Church, as the divinely constituted Depository and Guardian of Revealed Truth, is specially bound to lift up her testimony for those particular truths vrhich are at any time en- dangered or overborne by the antagonist powers of this world — And Whereas those great and fundamental truths which respect the supremacy of Christ in his Church, the spiritual independence of her rulers, their exclusive responsibility to her Great Head, the rights and privileges of His people, and the proper relation which should subsist between the Church and the State, are at the pre- sent day endangered, and have actually been overborne in the Established Church of Scotland through recent encroachments of the State, upon the spiritual province, submitted to by her — And Whereas, in righteous testimony against these encroachments, great numbers of Office-bearers and Members of the said Church have solemnly and deliberately come out from her, and are now formally constituted into the Free Protesting Church op Scotland — a Church which has, during the last twelve months, enjoyed many unequivocal tokens of the approbation of her Great Head — And Whereas, the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in connection with the Church of Scotland, apart from all considerations of a general kind, which should have led them to testify against the defections and corruptions of the said Established Church, were specially bound to do so, because of their connection with said Church, and because also of reiterated testimonies solemn- ly and deliberately lifted up by the Synod in former years in behalf of the contendings of those who have been compelled to secede — And Whereas, the due and proper testimony against the defections and corruptions of the said Established Church of Scotland was a termination of the peculiarly close and intimate connection in which the Synod stood to her — And Whereas, it has been in an orderly and constitutional way proposed to this Synod, having been made the subject of petitions and overtures of congregations and Presby- teries, whilst it has been advocated by many of the members, that this Synod should terminate its connection with said Church, and alter its designation accordingly — And Whereas, this Synod, by the vote of a majority of its members, came to the decision that it shall not terminate said connection, nor take other such action as was required : Wherefore, vee, the undersigned Ministers and Elders, mem- bers of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in con- nection with the Church of Scotland, DO, in our own name, as well as in the name of all who adhere to us, hereby Dissent and Protest against said decision, for the following reasons : — First. — That in our conscientious conviction, this Synod are thereby giving their virtual sanction to the procedure of the Esta- blished Church of Scotland in the great questions at issue between that Church and the Free Protesting Church of Scotland, and lend- ing the weight of their influen.-e, as a Church, to the support of principles which are incompatible with the purity and liberty of any Church, by which they are allowed — and which are fitted at the same time to do grievous injury to the cause of the Redeemer throughout the world. Second. — That in a cause relating to a Church in which they have many and obvious reasons for feeling a very deep and special interest — a cause too, in which the honour of Christ's Crown and the interests of His Kingdom are intimately concerned, — they have refused to discharge the obvious duty of lifting up a full and un- ambiguous testimony for the truth, and thereby strengthening the hands of those who are witnessing for Christ, and suffering for His sake. Third. — That after solemnly pledging themselves, in various forms, and at different times, to maintain the great principles for which the Free Protesting Church is now contending, and which the Established Church of Scotland has practically repudiated — and specially after the import and the security of such pledges had been brought into question by the actings of various ministers, and even of one of the inferior Church Courts— they have virtually receded from their solemn pledges, and destroyed the weight of every expression of their opinions in favour of the aforesaid prin- ciples embodied in their records. Fourth. — That by leaving an open door for the admission of Ministers and Elders from the Established Church of Scotland, holding unsound views on tlie great principles aforesaid, they have most seriously endangered the purity of the Church, and brought even her independence into peril, through the probable introduction of Office-bearers, prepared to submit to the same encroachments of the Civil power by which the Church of Scotland has been enslaved. Fifth. — That they have rendered the relation in which they stand towards the Established Church of Scotland so doubtful and equivocal, that even their declaration of spiritual independence is necessarily deprived of all significance and weight, that the terms in which their endowments are held, have been in eflfect declared to be such as are incompatible with the proper regulation of their intercourse with other Churches, — and even with free action in many other matters of greater importance, and that moreover, they have cast away the opportunity of placing this Church on a basis which might have gathered around her all the sound-hearted Pres- byterianism of the Province. Sixth. — That they have given additional weight to the practical arguments against establishments, furnished by the present position of the Established Church of Scotland— strengthened the hands of those who, in this Province, are denying the lawfulness and expediency of all national endowments for religious purposes, and rejected the opportunity which God in His providence had afforded them of proving to the world that entire freedom of action, and a jealous determination to guard against the encroachments of the Civil Power, were perfectly compatible with the enjoyment of the countenance and support of the State. Seventh. — That in a matter in which the consciences of many of their brethren were aggrieved, and for refusing relief in regard to which no moral necessity could be pleaded on their part, such relief has nevertheless been refused. Wherefore, for all these and other reasons which might bo stated. We Dissent from the Decision to which this venerable court yesterday came ; and while feeling painfully the solemnity of our position, and deeply distressed in the view of the possible results, We Solemnly Protest to this venerable court, before God, the Church of Christ, and the world, that it is our conscien- tious belief that in respect of the premises, sin in matters fun da- mental has been done by this court : and that while at the same time we continue to adhere to the Confession of Faith and other Standards of this Church, wo can yet no longer, with a clear conscience, hold office in the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland — And further, we Protest that the guilt of Schism lies not with us, but with those who have acted in a way which compels us to depart — And further, also, we Protest, in behalf of ourselves and those of the people of this Church, who may now or hereafter adhere to us, that we hold ourselves entitled to all the property and emoluments, of whatever kind, now in our possession. M. Y. Stark, Moderator. John Bayne, Alexander Gale, Thos. Alexander, Henry Gordon, Alex. Maclean, William Rintoul, H. Esson, David Black, Donald McKenzie, Angus Mackintosh, Daniel Allan, Duncan McMillan,Wm.Meldrum,George Cheyne, Robert Lindsay, George Smellie, Robert Peden, Wm. Macalister, Ministers. Ralph Smith,Robert Thompson, Andrew Milne, Alexander Lindsay, William Litster, Robert Turnbull, Isaac Weylie,John BurnSjWilliam Clark, J. F. Westland, James Webster, John Mathieson, Allan Henderson, Peter Drummond, Donald Fraser, Peter McNaughton, James Noble, James Dundas, George Davidson, Francis Hender- son, Elders. Kingston, 10th day of July, 1844. [The within Protest signed in our presence.] J. C. Morrison, Notary Public. George Brown, Witness. 3. — Reasons of Dissent and Protest given in to the Synod of the PreshytcrianChurch of Canada, in connection ivith the Church of Scotland, by John Morrice Roger, and William Reid^ Ministers, in regard to a decinon of that Cohort, on the subject of the independence of the Church and its connection with the Church of Scotland. 184-4, p. 7. — I. Because believing the Church in this land to be virtually independent, its real connection with the Church of 6 Scotland consisting in its descent from that Church, and its adhe- rence to the same standards, a connection which it is not desired to renounce, and which cannot in reality be renounced, yet being aware that much misapprehension prevails with regard to the position of this Church in reference to the Church of Scotland, misapprehension which tends to distract the minds of our people? and to impair to some extent the efficiency of the Church ; we hold it to be the duty of the Synod to establish the independence of the Church in such a manner as cannot be misunderstood, and to accommodate the title and designation of the Church to its real condition, and the object which it is intended to effect, namely, to promote the spiritual interests of the Presbyterian population of Canada. II. Because we consider an alteration of the title and designa- tion of the Church, and a full assertion of its independence neces- sary to render effective any testimony borne to the great principles of spiritual independence, which were for many years contended for in the Church of Scotland, and the assertion of which ulti- mately issued in the disruption of that Church ; and farther, because we believe that to acquiesce in the decision of the Synod with regard to the position of the Church would be virtually to declare adherence to the Established Church of Scotland, and approbation of her actings and proceedings. For these and other reasons which might be stated, we Dissent from and Protest against the decision of the Synod in the matter referred to ; and farther, we declare and Protest that we can no longer continue as Office-bearers in the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland. (Signed) John M. Koger, Minister at Peterhoro'. (Signed) William Reid, Minister at Colhorne & Grafton. Kingston, July 10, 1844, (Signed) Alex. G-ale, Witness. (Signed) Wii. RiNTOUL, Witness. 4. — Synod constituted. 1844, p. 8. — After conference held, and on motion made and seconded, the meeting in conformity with the import of these pro- tests, and in accordance with their powers as Office-bearers in the Church of our Lord Jesus Christ in Canada, unanimously resolved to constitute themselves into a Synod, under the designation of the SYNOD OP THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OP CANADA ; and the Chairman thereupon declared the Synod to be constituted. Mr. Roger, on the call of the Chairman, offered up prayer for the Divine blessing on the Synod, and on the Church represented by it. On motion made and seconded, Mr. Stark was unanimously chosen Moderator for the ensuing twelve months, and Mr. Rintoul was unanimously appointed Clerk to the Synod. 5. — Communication from the Free Church of Scotland. Toronto, 1844, p. 22. — The Clerk produced and read an extract from the Minutes of the Commission of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, of date 14th August last, containing vari- ous resolutions expressive of sympathy with this Church, and their desire, in various ways to assist us ; also an extract from the Minutes of the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland, of date the second day of September of the present year, nominating and ap- pointing the Rev. Andrew King, minister of St. Stephen's Church, Glasgow, the Rev.John Macnaughton, minister of the High Church, Paisley, and the Rev. John McMillan, minister of Cardross, to proceed to Canada as representatives of the Free Church of Scot- land, and commissioning them to express their deep interest in the spiritual prosperity of their brethren in Canada, and generally to co-operate with them to the utmost of their ability, in advancing the cause of Christ in Canada. Also a letter from the 3Ioderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, of date the twenty-first August, the tenor whereof follows : " Edinburgh, 7, K St. Andrew St. ) " 21st August 1844." f '• Reverend and Dear Sir, " I am instructed by the Commission of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, met here on the 14th instant, to transmit to you, as Moderator of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, the enclosed extract from its proceedings : — " The members of Commission and our Ministers and people universally, contemplate with joy, and with sincere gratitude to the Grod of all G-raoe, the intelligent and faithful adherence to the principles we have been called to contend for, of so many of our esteemed brethren in Canada and Nova Scotia, who have all along been in close though voluntary connection with the Church of Scotland. If in supporting and acting on these principles, which are equally important to the Church of Christ in all lands, you have had to encounter difficulties, to combat prejudices, to with- draw from those with whom you once acted, and to suffer loss for Christ's and the Gospel's sake, we trust you will receive a reward ample as the Saviour's promise — " a hundred fold in this world, and in the world to come life everlasting." In your present cir- cumstances of trial, it will be gratifying to you to learn that ** the things that have happened unto us " in the progress of our affairs " have fallen out " eminently " unto the furtherance of the Gospel." A spirit of prayer has been awakened in many, with a visibly increased attention to the Word of God : the relation between the pastor and the flock has become more intimate and affectionate, and the mutual fellowship of the members of the Church has been greatly promoted. If " not many wise men after the flesh, or mighty or noble" have joined our ranks, yet " the Word of the Lord has free course and is glorified ; " and the disciples begin to be known, as at the first, by their love one to another. It is felt by many as a matter of thankfulness that God has permitted them to live unto the times of our Free Church, and to see in some measure the fulfilment of long cherished wishes and prayers. " Amid the many calls made on us at home, we fear we shall not have it in our power to do much for our brethren at a distance ; yet we trust that the messengers and ministers we propose to send, may give you some help in the forming and settling of con- gregations ; and that your combined counsels may lead to some effectual means of providing a supply of faithful men for the mi- nistry among you. To raise up such men and qualify them for their work, is the special ofl&ce of the King of Zion ; and in bes- towing them on any Church he indeed confers one of his most precious gifts. " In concluding, I beg, in the name of the Commission, to assure you of our best wishes and prayers, and to solicit for our- selves an interest in your intercessions. And I remain, " Your friend and servant in the Lord, " Henry Grey, Moderator. 6. — Resolutions at Sj/nodical Public Meeting. Toronto, 1844, p. 31. — I. That the Synod, deeply impressed with a sense of their responsibilities as office-bearers in the Church of Christ, and solemnized by a sense of their own shortcomings in aU duty, do now humbly and faithfully enjoin on all ministers and preachers under their charge to cultivate a high standard of personal piety, and to give themselves more universally than ever to the great work of winning souls to Christ ; and they farther enjoin Presby- teries, at their earliest meetings, to take the whole subject of the state of religion into their most serious consideration. II. That the Synod, convinced that an effective Eldership, zealous for the Lord's glory, and active in carrying out the great end for which the office of the Elder has been constituted by the Head of the Church, is essential to the prosperity of the Church, entreat their brethren to ponder well the exhortations and advices tendered already by this Synod regarding the qualifications and duties of the Elder and the Deacon ; believing that a well orga- nized, pious, energetic and spiritually minded Session, assisted by a Deaconship of corresponding character, is a blessed instrument in God's hand for reviving his own work, and establishing the purity of his Church. III. That the Synod, considering that the purity of the Church, as subordinate to its glorification, and the glory of God, is the very 10 highest end of all gospel ordinances ; and that her extension in the world depends mainly on her purity; and considering that, apart from all the labours of Church officers, the purity of the Church is to be promoted and prayed for by every individual mem- ber thereof : do now earnestly entreat and exhort all the members of this Church to strive after personal holiness, and the culture of brotherly aiFectioa towards each other ; and to pray unceasingly for the fulfilment of the divine promises respecting a universal effusion of the Holy Spirit. IV. That the Synod, persuaded that their characteristic prin- ciples are essentially Scriptural, Protestant, and Missionary, resolve, under God, to cast their great schemes for support on the piety and principle of the christian people — relying on the grace of the Lord for any faith and benevolence that may be necessary to carry them out to a successful issue. V. That the Synod, in view of the varied and refreshing com- munications received from the M-oderator of the Free Church of Scotland, and the Commission of the General Assembly and Colo- nial Committee of said Church ; and especially of the visit of Mr. King and Mr. Macnaughton, the deputation from that Church; and the experience had of the wise and faithful counsels — the in- structive, edifying, and powerful addresses of these brethren ; do now record their sense of the obligations under which they are laid to- the Free Church of Scotland, and their hope that, in the fruit which may be reaped from the visit of the deputation, both the deputation themselves, and those who commissioned them, may have abundant cause for praise and thanksgiving to Him who has called and enabled them to witness so nobly for the truth. And in view of the travels and labours in which the deputation are engaged, and especially of the early return of Mr. Macnaughton to his family and flock in his native land, the Synod desire to com- mend the deputation to the guidance and keeping of the Great Head of the Church. 7. — Act adopting the Formulce. CoBOURQ, 1845, p. 60. — The Synod called for the report of Pres- byteries on the act respecting Formulae for the ordination of Minis- 11 ters Elders and Deacons, when the Presbytery of Hamilton gave in a report recommending certain alterations. The report was received and approved of, and the Synod adopted the alterations accordingly and the act, as amended, is as follows : (1.) Formula to he signed by Ministers, Elders, Deacons, and Probationers. I, , do hereby declare that I do sincerely own and believe the whole Doctrine contained in the Westminster Confession of Faith, as approved by the Church of Scotland, in the year one thousand six hundred and forty-seven, to be the truths of God, and I do own the purity of worship presently authorised and prac- tised in this Church, and also the Presbyterian Government and Discipline thereof: which Doctrine, Worship, and Church Govern- ment I am persuaded are founded upon the Word of God and agreeable thereto ; and I promise that, through the grace of God, I shall firmly and constantly adhere to the same, and to the utmost of my power, shall in my station assert, maintain, and defend the said Doctrine, Worship, Discipline, and Government of this Church by Sessions, Presbyteries, and Synods ; that I shall, in my prac- tice conform myself to the said Worship, and submit to the said Discipline and Government, and never endeavour, directly or indi- rectly, the prejudice or subversion of the same ; and I promise that I shall follow no divisive course from the present order in the Church ; renouncing all doctrines, tenets, and opinions whatsoever contrary to or inconsistent with the said Doctrine, Worship, Dis^ cipline or Government of this Church. (2.) Questions to be put to a Minister at his Ordination. 1. Do you believe the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament to be the Word of God, and the only rule of faith and manners ? 2. Do you sincerely own and believe the whole doctrine con- tained in the Confession of Faith, approved by the General Assem- bly of the Church of Scotland, in the year lG-47, to be founded upon the Word of God : and do you acknowledge the same as the confession of your faith ; and will you firmly and constantly adhere thereto, and to the utmost of your power assert, maintain and defend ' 12 the same, and the purity of worship as presently practised in this Church? 3. Do you disown all Popish, Arian, Socinian, Arminian, Eras- tian, and other doctrines, tenets, and opinions whatsoever, contrary to or inconsistent with the foresaid Confession of Faith ? 4. Believing, as you declare, that the Lord Jesus, as King and Head of the Church, hath therein appointed a government in the hand of Church officers distinct from the civil magistrate, are you resolved to maintain, and that at all hazards, that in the adminis- tration of spiritual things, the Church is bound to act ministerially under Christ her Head, as responsible in such administration to him alone ; while, in all things secular and civil, her officers and members are subject to the laws and rules that govern civil society ? 5. Are you persuaded that the Presbyterian Government and Discipline of this Church are founded upon the Word of God, and agreeable thereto, and do you promise to submit to the said Govern- ment and Discipline, and to concur with the same, and never to endeavour, directly or indirectly, the prejudice or subversion thereof, but to the utmost of your power, in your station, to maintain, sup port, and defend the said Discipline and Presbyterian Government by Sessions, Presbyteries, and Synods, during all the days of your life? 6. Arc you persuaded that the pastoral relation can be legiti- mately founded only on the free choice and consent of the people ? 7. Do you promise to submit yourself willingly and humbly, in the spirit of meekness, unto the admonitions of the brethren of this Presbytery, and to be subject to them and all other Presbyteries and the superior judicatory of this Church, where God in his pro- vidence shall cast your lot ; and that according to your power you will maintain the unity and peace of this Church against error and schism, notwithstanding of whatever trouble or persecution may arise, and that you shall follow no divisive courses from the present Doctrine, Worship, Discipline, and Government of this Church ? 8. Are not zeal for the honour of God, love to Jesus Christ, and desire of saving souls, your great motives and chief inducements to enter into the function of the holy ministry, and not worldly designs and interests ? 13 9. Have you used any undue methods, cither by yourself or others, in procuring this call ? 10. Do you engage, in the strength and grace of Jesus Christ our Lord and Master, to rule well your own family, to live a holy and circumspect life, and faithfully, diligently, and cheerfully to discharge all the parts of the ministerial work, to the edification ofthebody of Christ? 11. Do you accept of and close with the call to be pastor of this Church, and promise through grace to perform all the duties of a faithful minister of the gospel among this people ? (3.) Questions to he put to a Prohationer. 1, 2, 3, 1, 5, and 6, the same as the foregoing. 7. Do you promise that you will subject yourself to the several judicatories of this Church, and are you willing to subscribe to these things ? (4.) Questions to he put to an Elder. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, the same as the foregoing. 7. Do you accept of the office of an Elder of this Church, and promise through grace, faithfully, diligently, and cheerfully, to discharge the duties thereof? (5.) Questions to he put to a Deacon. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, the same as the foregoing. 7. Do you accept of the office of a Deacon of this Church, and promise through grace, fiithfuUy, diligently, and cheerfully, to discharge the duties thereof. The Synod ordained that the aforesaid Formulas and Questions, shall be used by Presbyteries at the licensing of Probationers, and the ordination and admission of Ministers, and by Sessions at the ordination and admission of Elders and Deacons. 8. — Proposed Draft of Testimony. 1845, p. 63. — The Synod having called for the report of the committee appointed to prepare the draft of a testimony, and hav- ing heard the statement of the convener of the progress made by 14 the committee therein, approved of their diligence, and re-appointed the committee, with instructions to complete the draft, and submit the same when finished to the Commission, in order that it may be more fully matured for the consideration of the Synod at next meeting. (No further action was taken on this matter. — Ed. 9. — Resolutions on the Standards. Toronto, 1850, p. 23. — The Synod had lengthened Confer- ence on the subject of the Standards. (1.) Resolution rejected. It was moved by Mr. Gordon, seconded by Dr. Burns, " That the Synod considering that great diversity of views exists among the Office-bearers and members of this Church, res- pecting the true meaning of certain passages in the Confession of Faith, bearing on the Powers of the Civil Magistrate, and more particularly of chapters xx, and xxiii, sec. 3 ; considering that such diversity has of late been creating difficulties in the way of Office-bearers, Candidates for License, and Probationers for Ordi- nation, signing our Formula in as far as it relates to this particular subject ; considering that the continuance of this state of things has a tendency to endanger the internal union of our Church, to deprive it of the benefit of the labours of many pious and gifted persons who are deeply attached to all the essential principles of our Church and its Standards, and also to prevent and impede the progress of the Church in this country ; the Synod do there- fore hereby appoint a Committee to take these chapters of the Con- fession of Faith under their careful consideration, with a view to determine what can safely be done to remove these difficulties and to report their views and the result of their deliberations to the next Synod." (2.) Resolution adopted. It was moved in amendment by Dr. Willis, seconded by Mr. Bayne, and carried by 29 to 11. No vote 3. " That the Synod having considered the Overture, declare their continued sense of the excellence of their subordinate Standards, 15 and of the importance of those parts therof, which affirm the duty of the civil magistrate to recognise the christian light where it shines, and to support and encourage the christian truth in con- tradistinction to demoralizing error; and consider, that many of the exceptions taken to those portions of our Standards originate in needless misapprehensions of the sense in which the said doc- trinal articles have all along been held by the Reformed Presby- terian Church, and which has already by this Church itself been explained in the testimonies it has issued and its recorded resolu- tions. That the Synod therefore cannot contemplate with much hope, the issue of their labours, in any further attempt that this Synod might make to satisfy the alleged scruples of candidates for admission to office, or the calls made for explanation by those who after vows, have made inquiry : But inasmuch as some of the parties pressing for this, declare generally that their object is not to change or alter the received Standards but, in the honafide sense of the term to have enunicated in other words the doctrine re- ferred to : The Synod appoint a committee to consider whether any exegetical or declaratory note may be appended to the ques. tion in the Formula respecting the Confession of Faith proposed to candidates for office ; but hereby strictly limit the powers of the committee to said design. '' Further, in reference to any case that may already have come before Presbyteries, of candidates for spiritual office seeking relief to their alleged conscientious scruples, in the way of being allowed to give a qualified assent to the said portion of our Confession, the Synod, feel that it will be as inconvenient for Presbyteries themselves, as perilous to the public testimony maintained by this Church, to allow an absolute power of discretion to local judicato- ries. The Synod do, however, in the spirit of candid consider- ation, allow the Presbytery before which such cases may occur, hav- ing first assured themselves of the attachment of the candidates to the doctrines of this Church in general, and to its testimony for the headship of Christ over nations as well as the Church, to trans- mit to the committee to be appointed as aforesaid, a particular statement of the circumstances ; and if said committee, or a majority thereof, shall be satisfied to the same effect concerning said candi- 16 dates or applicants for license or ordination, the assent of such indi- viduals, may be accepted with an accompanying explanation ; so that the difficulties alleged, being of the kind herein exclusively re- ferred to, shall not hinder their license or appointment to offices within this Church. The following Committee were accordingly appointed, viz: — The Moderator, Dr. Willis, Mr. Gale, Mr. Bayne, Mr. Robb, Mr. Harris, Mr. McMurray, Mr. Roger, Mr. McLeod, Mr. Stark, ministers; Mr. Davidson, Mr Ferrier, Mr. McLellan, Mr. Elder, Mr. Osborne, Mr. Clark, elders ; Dr.Willis and Mr. Gale to be Con- veners. (3.) Committee re-appointed on the Standards. Kingston, 1851, p. 13. — On motion made and seconded, it was agreed that the Committee on the Standards appointed last year, with the addition of Dr. Burns, Mr. Esson, Mr. Wardrope and Mr. Gregg, Ministers ; and Mr. Brodie, Mr. Heron and Mr. Blain, El- ders, be requested to meet as soon as possible and prepare an explana- tory note to be appended to the Formulae, and report on an early day. The Synod then took up an Overtare from the Presbytery of Hamilton, in regard to Students signing the Confession of Faith before being employed as Catechists. It was agreed to refer the Overture to the Committee on the Standards. P. 26. — The Synod took into consideration the report of the Committee on the Standards. It was agreed to transmit the explanatory note prepared by the Committee to Presbyteries for their consideration, instructing them to report before next meeting of Synod. (4.) Report of Presbyteries on Declaratory Act on the Standards. Kingston, 1852, p. 10. — The Synod then called for the Reports of Presbyteries on the draft of the Declaratory Act, with regard to certain parts of the Confession of Faith. Reports were given in from the Presbyteries of Hamilton, Kingston, Brockville, Perth, and Montreal. It was agreed to refer these Reports to a Com mittee consisting of Dr. Burns, Dr. Willis, Mr. Boyd, Mr. McLeod Mr. Duncan, and Mr. Scott, ministers; and Mr. McLellan, Mr 17 Cattanach, and Mr. Fcrrier, elders ; with instructions to the com- mittee to consider and digest said lleports, and draft an exphvna- tory note or declaration in accordance with the general mind of the Church. P. 19. — The Synod then called for the Report of the committee appointed to digest the Reports of Presbyteries on the proposed Declaratory Act, with reference to certain expressions in the West- minster Confession of Faith. It was stated on the part of the committee that circumstances had prevented a full meeting of the members of the committee from taking place. The Synod appoin- ted the following committee, viz : Mr. Reid, Convener, Mr. Gregg, Mr, Bayne, Dr. Burns, Dr. Willis, Mr. Scott, Mr. Wardrope, ministers ; and Mr. Anderson, Mr. JeflFrey, and Mr. Heron, elders, maturely to consider the Reports of Presbyteries, correspond farther with Presbyteries if they shall see cause, and submit an enactment, or explanation, to the Synod at its next annual meeting. (5.) Declaratory Act on the Standards. Hamilton, 1853, p. 14. — The Synod called for the Report of the committee appointed to draw up a note or explanatory clause, with reference to certain passages in the Confession of Faith, bearing on the duty of the civil magistrate. The Report was given in by Mr. Reid, Convener of the committee, embodying the following min- ute, recommended to the Synod for adoption, to wit : — The Synod, in declaring their adherence, as they now again do to the Confession of Faith, as approved by the Greneral Assembly of the Church of Scotland, in the year 1 647, hereby declare that they do not understand the passages relating to the duty cf the civil magistrate, as teaching or sanctioning an Erastian control of the Church by the civil magistrate, or the persecution of individuals for conscience sake ; principles which the Synod heartily disclaim as inconsistent with the liberty wherewith Christ hath made his people free — opposed to the spirit and terms of the said Con- fession, and repudiated by the Church in her purest and best times. After discussion, it was agreed to send down to Presbyteries the proposed minute, in order that they may maturely consider the same, and report to the Synod at its next meeting, whether they sanction or disapprove of the aforesaid minute. 18 (G.) Declaratory Act on the Standards adopted. Toronto, 1854, p. 13. — The Synod called for the returns of Presbyteries in regard to the minute proposed to be adopted with reference to certain passages in the Confession of Faith. It ap- pears that six Presbyteries approved substantially of the minute, while two disapproved. The Synod accordingly declared the minute to be approved, and ordered it to be prefixed to any edi- tion of the Confession of Faith which may be published by the authority of this Church. 10. — Barrier Act. The Barrier Act was sent down to Presbyteries by the Synod of 1856 (Min., page 14),amended in 1857 (Min., page 33), and again remitted ; finally it was passed by the Synod at Toronto, in 1858. Toronto, 1858, p. 20.— The Synod called for the Report of the Committee appointed to classify and report on the returns of Presbyteries to overtures sent down by last Synod. The same was given in by Mr. Burns, Convener. It appeared from the Report that a majority of Presbyteries approved of the Barrier Act. It was moved, seconded and agreed, that the Barrier Act having received the consent of a majority of Presbyteries be passed into a standing law of the Church, in the following terms, viz : — Whereas it is of importance that all laws proposed, relative to matters of Doctrine, Discipline, Government, or Worship, should, before they are finally enacted, receive the patient and prayerful q^nsideration of the Church ; and whereas it is manifestly impos- sible that such consideration can be given during the Session of one meeting of Synod, it is therefore enacted, — 1. That no standing law, or rule shall be made, by overture or otherwise, relative to matters of Doctrine, Discipline, Government, or Worship, until first such shall be submitted to all the Presby- teries of the Church for their approbation ; that such approbation be given by each Presbytery at an ordinary meeting thereof; and that the decision of Presbyteries be recorded in the minutes, and an extract of the same be sent to the Clerk of Synod before its next meeting. 19 2. That the Synod, if it see cause, may, by a majority of two- thirds of those present, pass such prosposed Uxw or rule, into an Interim Act, which shall possess the force of a law, aye and until the Presbyteries have, as herein required, expressed their judgment upon it, 3. That when a majority of Presbyteries have expressed their approbation, the Synod may pass such proposed law, or rule into a standing law of the Church, 4. That when a majority of the Presbyteries have expressed disapprobation, then the Synod shall reject such proposed law, or rule, or again remit to Presbyteries. 11. — An Act to Regulate Calls in certain cases. Hamilton, 1860, p. 22. — Whereas a diversity of practice exists in the Presbyteries of this Church in reference to the calling and ordination of probationers, regarding which it is desirable that there should be uniformity, it is hereby resolved, and enacted with consent of Presbyteries : — 1, That when a probationer or ordained missionai-y is called to a charge and does not reside within the bounds of the Presbytery calling, the call shall be sent to the Presbytery within whose bounds he resides, to be presented to him with all convenient speed, 2. That no Presbytery shall induct or ordain a missionary or probationer coming from another Presbytery, without first having obtained a Presbyterial certificate of his standing from the Presby- tery within whose bounds he has last resided. 12. — An Act to Regulate the Licensing of Students. Hamilton, 1860, p. 23. — Whereas it is of importance to regu- late, by special enactment of Synod, the form of proceeding in the licensing of students, it is hereby resolved and enacted, with consent of Presbyteries, — I. That no Student shall apply for license until the last session of his theological course is concluded. II. When a Student applies to any Presbytery to be taken on trials for license, he must produce certificates from the Professors 20 and Senate of the College, or from the Professors of any Theologi- cal College in connection with Churches in communion with this Church : (1,) That he has completed the theological curriculum. (2,) That he has delivered the five discourses prescribed to him in the course of his studies. (3,) That his chai-acter and conduct durin"- his attendance at College were suitable to his views of life. III. That the Presbytery shall then examine said Student in Latin, Greek, Philosophy, Theology, and Practical Religion. If th& examination be sustained, the Clerk shall be directed to make application to the next Synod for leave to take said Student on trials for license, certifying at the same time that the requisite certificates had been produced, and the examination had been sus- tained. IV. Leave having been obtained from the Synod, the Student shall undergo his public probationary trials. These are examina- tions— l.'On Biblical Hebrew and Greek. 2. On Theology? Church History, and Government, and on Personal Religion. 3. He shall also read before the Presbytery — (1,) A Latin thesis ; (2,) A Greek critical exercise ; (3,) A Homily ; (4,) A popular lecture ; (5,) A popular sermon. The Presbytery may reject any or all of these trials, and may examine the Student on his various discourses if they see cause. v. That the trials being finished, the Presbytery shall take a conjunct view of the whole, and record their opinion. If not sa- tisfied therewith, the licensing shall be deferred, and the Presbytery shall act in the matter as they shall see for edification ; if the trials be sustained, the Court shall proceed to license said Student to preach the Gospel. This shall be done in the following manner : — VI. (1,) He shall give his assent to the questions required by the Synod to be put in such cases, and shall cither sign the For- mula, or agree to sign it when required. (2,) The Moderator shall then pointed. Toronto, 1854, p. 20. — The Synod proceeded to take up an overture from the Presbytery of Montreal, on the subject of Foreign Missions. The overture was read, and Mr. Fraser was heard in support of it. On notion made and seconded, it was agreed, cor- dially.— To approve of the overture, and to appoint, as the Synod do, Mr. D. Fraser Mr. Inglis, Mr. W. B. Clark, Dr. Burns, Professor Young, Dr. Bayne, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Reid, ministers, and Messrs. Redpath, Court, Richardson, McMurrieh, and Shaw, elders, Mr. Fraser, convener, to be a Committee on Foreign Missions, instruct- ing them to use all diligence in selecting one or more ministers in the Foreign field, it being understood, that in the event of the committee being led to select any locality where missionaries of the Free Church of Scotland, the Presbyterian Church of Ireland, or the Presbyterian Church in England, are laboring, any laborers sent forth by this Church, be instructed to co-operate with such missionaries. Montreal, 1855, p. 19. — The Synod then called for the Report of the Committee on Foreign Missions. The Report was given in by Mr, Fraser, convener. The Synod, on motion made and seconded, — Resolved — That the same be received, and the thanks of the Synod given to the convener and committee: that the Synod express their regret that the committee have been unable to secure missionaries to go out to the foreign field ; that the committee be reappointed, with instructions to keep the claims of Foreign Mis- sions before the members of the Synod, through the pages of the Record. The Synod further authorized the committee to employ one or more those missionaries already in the field of India, who may be found suitable, until such time as they can obtain men from Canada, who may be found suitable and willing to undertake the work. The Committee on Foreign Missions was re-appointed Mr. Fraser, convener. 177 3. — Mission to India. — Appointment of Missionaries. London, 1856, p. 9. — The Synod called for the Report of the Committee on Foreign Missions. The Report was given in by Rev. D. Fraser. After mature deliberation it -was resolved : — 1. That the Synod receive the report, and from the information contained therein, feel themselves called upon to carry into effect the resolutions of the two preceding Synods, by the establishment of a Foreign Mission. 2. That the Province of Bengal be the sphere of the proposed mission. 3. That the Synod solemnly invite and call the Rev. G. Stevenson, of Tullibody, Scotland, and the Rev. John Laing, of Scarboro, to go to this work, promising them due support and sympathy therein. Prayer w.is offered up for the divine blessing on the work thus undertaken, and the brethren thus solemnly called to engage in it. The Synod instructed the Presbytery of Toronto to take tlie usual steps for loosing Mr. Laing from his charge ; and, under a deep feeling of sympathy for the congregation of Scarboro, instruct- ed the Home Mission Committee to co-operate with the Presbytery of Toronto in affording suitable supply, until they shall be again provided with a pastor. The Synod further authorized the For- eign Mission Committee to take the necessary steps for having Mr. Stevenson's appointment put into his hands, and laid before the Presbytery of which ha is a member, with the view of his being released from his pastoral charge. P. 25. — The Synod appointed the Presbytery of Toronto to act as a Special Commission, together with the members of the Foreign Mission Committee, for the purpose of designating the Rev. John Laing as a missionary to India on such a day as may be appointed by the Presbytery. The Foreign Mission Committee was appointed, Mr. Fraser convener. KcNGSTON, 1857, p. 14. — The Synod then called for the Report of the Committee on Foreign Missions. The same was given in and read by Mr. Lowry, joint-convener. 178 On motion made and seconded, it was agreed — That the Synod receive and adopt the Report, re-appoint the Committee, and express their gratitude to God for his goodness to them in regard to this matter, and their firm resolution in depend- ence upon Him to carry forward the work of evangelizing the heathen. — Report of Committee. P. 36. — Immediately after the last meeting of Synod, your com- mittee took the necessary steps te give effect to the invitations which the Synod agreed to give to the Rev. Messrs. Stevenson and Laing, to proceed to India as missionaries from this Church. The committee regret that the services of one of these brethren have not becom3 available for the object contemplated ; — the Presbytery of Toronto having declined to loose Mr. Laing from the pastoral charge of the congregation of Scarboro for the reasons stated in the deliverance of that Presbytery. Your committee were more successful in seeking to obtain Mr. Stevenson. The Presbytery of Stirling promptly agreed to further the Synod's object, and placed him at the disposal of this Church. Your committee desire to acknowledge with gratitude the deep in- terest which many of the friends in Scotland have taken in this missionary scheme of our Church, and also the important services rendered to the Synod, by the Rev. Mr. Scott of London, when presenting the call to Mr. Stevenson before the Church court in Scotland. On the first day of February 1857, your missionary arrived at Calcutta, where he and his wife received a cordial welcome from Dr. Duff, and the other friends of the Free Church Mission at that station. After spending two weeks there in holding sweet counsel with those brethren and others of the Church, London, and Bap- tist 3Iissions, he proceeded to Bancoorah, a place about 120 miles distant from Calcutta, and which had been suggested by Dr. Duff and other friends as a suitable field for the Mission of this Church, it being at the same time unoccupied by other missionaries, and also so near to Calcutta, through the the facilities of railroad tra- velling, that our dear brother, though really separated from Chris- 179 tiaa brethren, would be so conveniently situated that he could have their counsel when it might be needed. Other places had been spoken of, such as Dacca in Eastern India and Lucknow in Oude, but it was considered better in the first instance to com- mence operations in a place in some measure suited to the mis- sionary strength of our Church. Mr. Stevenson entered imme- diately on the study of the Bengali language. He also opened a school for giving instruction in Christianity through the medium of the English language among those natives who are engaged in learning that language. It is however with feelings of sorrow and humiliation, your committee would state that according to the latest information from Bancoorah, our brother has, at the very commencement of his work, been exposed to trials which no doubt are intended by an infinitely wise and gracious God, to be trials of faith. Cholera has visited Bancoorah to such an extent that the Government school has been dismissed for a season, and the use of the school- house in which Mr. Stevenson met with about young men who are studying the English language for the purpose of teaching the doctrines of Christianity has been withdrawn, owing to the com- plaints made to the officials of Government by the guardians of the young men who came to his lecture. Do not these circum- stances demand of us continued and earnest supplications at a throne of grace, that our brother may have " help in every time of need T' Finally, as yonr committee have been enabled to refrain from making any special appeal to the Church for the meeting of ex penses attendant on the establishment of a Foreign Mission, ought not the Church to concentrate its efi"orts in sustaining in all pos- sible efficiency the Mission at Bancoorah, and in enabling Mr. Stevenson to employ another native teacher, whenever it may be proper to do so ? 4. — The Indian Mission given up. Hamilton, 1858, p. 28. — The Synod called for the Report of the Foreign Mission Committee. The same was given in and read by Mr D. Fraser, it was agreed to receive and sustain the Report and record the thanks of the Synod to the committee. The Synod re-appointed the committee. 180 — Report of the Committee. P. 34. — It is already well known to the Church that the Foreign Mission has been suddenly broken up. A disappointment so severe has filled the friends of the Mission with regret ; but the stroke has so evidently been from the hand of God, who has been working terrible things in India, that all murmurs are hushed by the thought, " It is the Lord, — let him do what seemeth Him good." It was by the Synod, in the year 1854, that the resolutions to originate and sustain a Foreign Mission was passed,and a Committee on Foreign Missions appointed. For two yeai'S the committee were engaeod in correspondence and inquiry, with a view to carry out the resolution of 1854, which was adhered to by the Synod of 1855. On the Report of the committee, the Synod of 1856 called the Rev. John Laing, and Rev. George Stevenson to proceed to India as Foreign Missionaries; and to the following Synod, in June 1857, it was reported that while one of their brethren had been detained by his Presbytery, the other (Mr. Stevenson) had arrived in India, and begun missionary operations at Bancoorah, in the Province of Bengal. Mr. Stevenson continued at Bancoorah till the 1st July, 1857, studying the Bengali language, aijd superintending a Mission School, taught by a native catechist, obtained from the Free Church Institution in Calcutta. At that time the country had become so unsafe for Europeans, that at the station of Bancoorah, unprotected by British troops, a missionary was in jeopardy every hour. Mr. and Mrs. Stevenson and the catechist already referred to, finding it impossible to pursue their labors of love among the natives, broke up the mission, and repaired to Calcutta. After a short stay in that city, Mr. Stevenson regarded it as improper to expend missionary funds when unable to do missionary duty, and by the advice of Dr. Duff and otlicr friends, returned Avitli Mrs. Stevenson to Scotland,where they arrived in the month of February. As to the future direction of the Church's offerings, the commit- tee would avoid the expression of any strong opinion, and only re- port to the Synod certain suggestions. The operations contemplated in India have been cut short by the manifest hand of Providence, and an attempt to resume them 181 is open to various strong objections. Tlie state of the Bengal Presidency continues very unsettled, and years may elapse before one or two missionaries could with any safety or prospect of access to the popular sympathies, proceed to such a station as Bancoorah. The difficulty of obtaining suitable laborers for India from this country continues apparently as groat as at any former period. And even could they be found, the distance and expensiveness of an India mission may well justify this Church in looking for another field, especially when there is no indication of Divine Providence in favor of our continued connection with India. It is respectfully recomuiended, that the amount now in the Treasurer's hands should be invested at interest as a reserve fund to meet contingencies in the support of the foreign mission, when resumed. In regard to a sphere of missionary labor, the attention of the committee has been called to the claims of the Indian tribes of North America ; also to Vancouver's Island, which is likely soon to attract a large population, and is understood to be ill provided with the privileges of the Gospel of Christ ; and also to the im- portant openings for the entrance of the Gospel now presented in the Danubian Principalities, countries to which the eyes of Euro- pean diplomatists and statesmen are turned, and for which a bright future is hoped — countries, too, peopled by strong, enduring races, favorably disposed towards Protestant Christianity, with a langua- ge easily acquired by those who already know Latin, and a climate similar to that of Canada. Other fields of labor have also been sugges- tive to the committee ; but they are unable to make any definite re- commendation to the Synod, partly from the defective character of the information they have obtained, and partly from the conviction that it is vain to choose a field till some prospect appear of at least one or two missionaries rising up in this Church, prepared, under a solemn sense of personal duty, to go hence to foreign parts preach- ing the Gospel of the Kingdom. 5. — Mission to Vancouver s Island j^roposed. Toronto, 1859, p. 32 — The Synod called for the Report of the Foreign Mission Committee. The Report was given in by Mr Lowry, convener, and read. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed to receive the Report and resolved, — 182 1. That the Synod having had its attention directed to Van- couver's Island, and British Columbia, as a suitable field for mis- sionary operations, agree to adopt it as a mission field of this Church. 2. That in order to carry out the decision of Synod the funds at the disposal of Synod be used for the furtherance of the Gospel in Vancouver's Island and British Columbia. It was moved in amendment by Mr. Ross and seconded — That £300 be given to the Foreign Mission of the Free Church, £300 to the Foreign Mission of the Irish Presbyterian Church, and £300 to the British Columbia Mission. It was moved in amendment by Mr. Gregg, and seconded ; — That £300 of the Foreign Mission Fund be given in equal proportions to the Foreign Missions of the Free Church and the Irish Presbyterian Church, and that the balance be appropriated to the British Columbia Fund. The amendment by Mr. Gregg, and that by Mr, Ross, having been put against each other, Mr. Gregg's cai*ried. The original motion and Mr. Gregg's amendment were then put to the house, when the original motion was carried by a majority. It was moved by Mr. McRuar, and resolved; — 3. That the Foreign Mission Committee consist of Mr. Lowry, convener, et al. ; and that this committee be empowered to look out for, and send into the mission field, suitable missionaries, it being understood, that these missionaries be ministers in connection with this Church : that before sending such, the committee shall sub- mit the name of any one whom they may select for the work to the different Presbyteries of the Church, who shall meet within twenty one days of the date on which such notice shall come into the hands of the Moderator or Clerk, and report their decision to the convener of the committee, who shall be authorized to assume that Presbyteries who neglect to answer shall be held as concurring in the proposal made by them ; the committee to be guided by the decision of a majority of the Presbyteries, Further, that the committee be empowered to provide outfit and passage, and fix the salaries of missionaries. 183 — Report of the Committee. P, 43. — Your committee regret that they cannot report much progress in the matter of a Foreign 3Iission during the past year. At an early meeting after the last meeting of Synod the suggestions contained in last year's Report were then taken into consideration ; and eventually the committee resolved to take steps towards send- ing two missionaries to Vancouver's Island and British Columbia, for the purpose of gathering together the Presbyterians and such others as may be found willing to receive the Word, with the ul- terior view of conjoining with this undertaking, an effort to Christianize the Pagan Aborigines in those regions. It was also resolved to invite to this Mission two ministers of this Church, whom the committee thought qualified to commence such an im- portant work. However, on corresponding with these brethren the committee found their services were not available, as one of them declined accepting the invitation, and the other declined en- tertaining the matter under present circumstanceis. In this pos- ition the committee agreed to delay further procedure till the pres- ent meeting of Synod. They were induced more readily to come to this decision because they understood that doubts were enter- tained by some as to the power of this committee to undertake the work of sending ministers or missionaries to New Columbia or Vancouver's Island. Your committee, therefore, ask the Synod to make such a deliverance on the subject as will authorize the committee to proceed in sending missionaries to those regions. Respecting the financial affairs of this Mission, — according to the Report presented to the Synod at its last meeting, there was at that time a balance in hand of £596 3s. Id. During the past year, a sum of £300 has been contributed chiefly by con- gregational collections. There is, therefore, at present in your treasury about £900. Finally, your committee would earnestly solicit the special attention of the Synod to the present state of your Foreign Mission, to the claims that the westerly portion of our own conti- nent has on our prayers and ministrations, and to those agencies, which as a Church, we should employ, to aid in the introduction 184 of the period when "The people which sat in darkness shall have seen a great light; and to them which sat in the region and shadow of death, light shall have sprung up." Hamilton, 1860, p. 31. — The Synod called for the report of the Committee on Foreign Missions. The same was given in and read by Mr. Lowry, convener. On motion, made and seconded, it was agreed to receive and sustain the report and re-appoint the committee with Mr. R. F. Burns, convener. A communication from Nova Scotia was remit- ted to the committee, that they might prepare and forward a reply. The committee consists of R. F. Burns, convener, et al. — Report of the Committee. P. 53 — The Foreign Mission Committee beg leave to report, that immediately after the last meeting of Synod there was correspon- dence held with several ministers of this Church with the view of securing the services of one who might be appointed as a missionary to British Columbia. The result of this correspondence is, that no appointment of such a missionary has as yet been made. Your committee would suggest to the Synod the propriety of considering whether there should be any modification of the ins- tructions given to the committee by the Synod at its meeting last year. Your committee would also report that a communication has been received from the Foreign Mission Committee of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church in Nova Scotia, requesting the co- operation of this Church in sustaining and extending the missiona- ry operations of that Church among the members of the Greek Church in Turkey. To this request your committee would ear- nestly invite the consideration of the Synod. In the opinion of your CDmmittee, the entertaining of this proposal is not incom- patible with a sincere desire to carry out the resolution of the Synod to establish a Mission in British Columbia. G. — Invitation to the Rev. Dr. Duff of India. Hamilton, 1853, p. 13. — The Synod then took up an overture from the Presbytery of London, to the efifect that the Synod 185 address to Dr. Duff, of Calcutta, now in Scotland, an earnest invitation to visit Canada, and address the congregations of the Church on the subject of christian missions. Various members of the Presbytery of London were heard in support of the overture, when on motion made and seconded, it was resolved ; — That in prospect of a visit being paid to the Churches of the United States, by Dr. Duff of India, or whether he shall visit the States or not, this Synod do hereby address that distinguished minister and eminently successful missionary, in the language of earnest and affectionate entreaty, that he may be pleased before he returns to the much loved sc^ne of his evangelistic labours, to pay a visit to this and the other Provinces of British North America, and occupy as many of our pulpits as he may have time and strength to undertake ; and the Synod earnestly recom- mend to their ministers and members, to make collections on all such occasions, on behalf of the missions to India, under the care of the General Assembly of the Free Protesting Church of Scot- land ; and they appoint the following ministers and elders a committee of Synod to arrange for the suitable reception of Dr. Duff, and the carrying out the objects of his visit to this country, to wit: The Moderator, Dr. Burns, Mr. Irvine, Mr. Young, Mr. Webster, Mr. McMurrich. Dr. Burns, convener. Toronto, 1854, p. 24. — Dr. Burns, as convener of the com- mittee for the reception of Dr. Duff, reported that that eminent missionary had visited the United States and Canada, and that the Synod's Committee had endeavoured to the best of their ability to make the necessary arrangements for his reception amongst us. These had been carried out successfully, and the visit of Dr. Duff to our principal cities, and his various addresses had been the means of much satisfaction, and it is hoped of edi&catioa to our people. The Synod having heard this statement unanimously con- curred in the tenor of it, and agreed to record their high sense of the benefits which had accrued from Dr. Duff's visit, and their earnest wishes for his continued usefulness in the ureat work to which the Head of the Church has called him. 186 CHAPTER VII. Knox College, Toronto. 1. — Preliminary proceedings. Kingston, 1844, p. 11. — The Synod agreed to recommend Pres- byteries to inquire after young men of pious character and suitable gifts who may be aiming at the ministry, and to use all competent means for directing and forwarding their education. The Synod also agreed to write to students who adhere to this Church, to report their adherence as soon as possible to the Presbyteries within whose bounds they reside. Commission, Hamilton, August 1844.Vid. Missionary Record' Sept. 1844, p. 12 — On the subject of the education of students the clerk was instructed to write to the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland seeking their aid towards furthering the studies of the divinity students — Presbyteries recommended to look out for pious youths and encourage them to devote themselveg to the ministry ; also to take into consideration, and report their views to the Synod on the expediency and practicablity of having one Seminary for liberal education, with a boarding establishment under prudent and christian management, founded within the bounds of each Presbytery — and one or more Theological Profes- sorships within the bounds of the Synod. 187 2. — The first Professors appointed. Toronto, 1844.'p. 16 — The Clerk read a letter from Dr. Burns of the Free Church, Paisley, expressing his readiness, in certain circumstances, to devote himself to the work of instructing the stu- dents for the ministry in our Church. The Synod agreed to take up this letter in connection with the subject of the education of students. Toronto, 1844, p. 26. — The Keport of the committee of the whole house on the education of students, was brought up, and the same having been read and considered, and variously amended, the Synod ordained as follows : — 1. That an interim Professor of Divinity be appointed, and that Mr. King be appointed to the office for the ensuing session. 2. That there shall be a Professor of Literature and Science for conducting the studies of young men aiming at the ministry, and that Mr. Esson be appointed to this office. 3. That the Professors be for the present stationed at Toronto. 4. That the Synod undertake to provide a suitable mainte- nance for the Professors, and making arrangements for having the students suitably boarded. 5. That it be recommended, as it hereby is, to congregations, in which there are young men of decided and approved piety who are giving themselves to the ministry, to assist and encourage these in their studies as their circumstances may require. 6. That the following members consitute a committee on the education of students, viz. : Mr. Kintoul (convener,) Mr. Gale, Mr. Harris, Mr. Bayne, Mr. Cheyne, ministers, and Mr. Westland, Mr. McLellan, Mr. Webster, Mr. Dixon, elders ; and that their duty be to provide for the accommodation of the Profes- sors and students, to superintend the raising of funds, and generally to watch over the Institution. The ministers in the committee to constitute a sub-committee for assisting the Professors with their counsel, in any matter regarding the education of the students. Mr. King having been called on by'the Moderator, to undertake the instruction of the divinity students for the ensuing session, expressed his willingness to do so. 188 Mr. Esson was requested to accept the office of Professor o Science and Literature, when he craved time for consideration, before giving an answer : the same was allowed, and he was instructed to send his answer to the convener of the education committee, they being authorised in the event of Mr. Esson's declining the office, to make another appointment. The committee on education were also instructed to report on a suitable salary for the Professors of science and literature, before the rising of the Synod. Also to report on the letter of Dr. Burns, read at the third session. Toronto, 1844, p. 27. — The Education Committee reported a resolution for the adoption of the Synod, on the letter of Dr. Burns, and the same having been considered and amended, was agreed to as follows : — The Synod feeling that in present circumstances they are una- ble to decide whether their contemplated Theological Institution shall be located at Toronto or Montreal, or what the precise and permanent arrangement of the institution shall be, yet rejoicing to hear that there is the prospect of Dr. Burns of Paisley being- settled at Toronto, as pastor of the Church there ; and being well assured of his eminent gifts and abilities, they do nominate and appoint the said Robert Burns, D. D., minister of Free St. George, Paisley, to be the Professor of Theology, and to have the charge of training the young men for the holy ministry, — this ap- pointment being of course subject to any contingency arising cither from the Synod's resolving to separate, at a future time, the office of the professor from that of the pastor, or from such circumstances in the progress of the Church and the condition of the public edu- cational institutions of the country, as may affect the decision of the Synod in regard to the establishment of a permanent institu- tion, or tlie locality in which it may be most advantageously placed. And the Synod farther commission and empower Dr. Burns, as their Professor of Theology, to collect books, funds, and philoso- phical apparatus, amongst the friends of the Presbyterian Church in Europe, so that every facility may be furnished for the education of candidates for the ministry ; and they enjoin the Moderator to 189 transmit an extract of this minute, with a suitable letter to Dr. Burns, pressing it upon him, to close with, and accept of this ap- pointment; and they further request the Rev. J. Macnaughtan to take with him a duplicate of this minute, and use his influence with Dr. Burns, to repair to Canada at as early a dny as his ar- rangements will admit of. 3. — Professor's Stipend and CoUege opened. 1844, p. 36. — A report from the Committee on the Education of Students for the ministry was read, and the same was sustained and adopted, and in terms thereof the Synod resolved — First. That the salary of the Professor of Literature and Science shall for the present bo £200 per annum, exclusive of house rent.-r-zS'e- condly — That the Seminary be opened, if practicable, for the re- ception of students, on the fifth day of November next. Thirdly. That the committee be instructed to examine all such students as may apply for admission to the Seminary, and assign those whom they admit their place in the curriculum of stud}'. FourtJilij — That the committee shall report to the Synod, at the next ordi- nary meeting, the plan of a permanent Theological College. Fifih- ly — That the committee be authorised to issue suggestions to Presbyteries as to the acquirements which they should seek in students before recommending them for admission to the Semi- nary : and to propose, if they shall see fit, an address on the duty of young men of competent gifts and piety to consecrate themsel. ves to the ministry of the Gospel. 4. — College Committee appointed. CoBOURG, 1845, p. 42. — The Synod called for the Report of the Committee on the Theological Institution, when the same was given in and read. The Synod unanimously sustained and ap- proved of the Report, resolved in terms of recommendations (1844) respecting the Professors : that the appointment of Dr. Burns, as Professor of Divinity, be declared to be final, and that the appointr ment of Mr. Henry Esson, as a Irofessor of Literature and Philo- sophy, be confirmed. 190 The Synod appointed the following committee, to be known by the name of the College Committee, as recommended in the Re- port, with authority to carry into effect the various recommenda- tions of the Report, specially those which respect additional Pro- fessors and the course of study, viz : Mr. William Rintoul, con- vener ; Mr. Alexander Gale, Mr. James Harris, Mr. Mark Y. Stark, Mr. John Bayne, Mr. George Cheyne, Mr. Thomas Alex- ander, ministers ; and Mr. James Paterson, Mr. James F. West- land, Mr. Andrew Jeffrey, and Mr. John Redpath, elders. The Professors and Treasurer to be members ex officiis, Hamilton, 1846, p. 73. — The Synod resumed the considera- tion of the Report of the College Committee, after full conference on all the suggestions and recommendations, the following motion was unanimously agreed to. The Synod having maturely consi- dered seriatim the various suggestions and recommendations of the College Committee, agreed to record their unanimous and deep sense of the importance of this institution to the welfare of the Church, and the necessity of placing it on a more extensive and ef- ficient basis, and appoint the following committee : — Mr. Rintoul, (convener). Dr. Burns, Mr. Clugston, Mr. Reid, Mr. Hamilton, Mr. McTavish, to consider several points which have been brought under the attention of the Synod, viz., the incorporation and name of the institution, the number of Professors, the erection of suitable buildings, and the establishment of an academy for the training of youth in the branches of education preliminary to a collegiate course, and of a boarding-house for the accommodation of students and scholars, and the best way of raising funds for the ordinary expenses of the institution and for the erection of buildings ; and, in reference to the views on these points expressed in the Synod, to draft a scheme of instructions for the guidance of the College Committee in regard to them, and to report at the afternoon sederunt on Monday. The Synod appointed the following committee, viz., Professor Esson, Mr. Leishman, Mr. Boyd, the Moderator, Mr. Smellic, Mr. Reid, t6 prepare regulations in regard to the admis- sion of students, and the course of study in the College as now constituted. 191 5. — '^Knox College " Designated. Hamilton, 1846, pp. 86-7.— The Report of the committee on the suggestions and recommendations contained in the College Report, was read and approved, when, on motion made and seconded it was agreed that the College shall be called " Knox College " — and, in conformity with the recommendations of the Report, that the College Committee to be appointed shall take the steps indicated in the Report for raising funds, obtaining a site in Toronto for College buildings, establishing an Academy or High School, and appointing a Master for the same ; and the Moderator was ins- tructed to correspond with the Colonial Conunittee of the Free Church of Scotland, for the immediate appointment of an addi- tional Professor of Theology from the list of five ministers of the Free Church of Scotland submitted by the committee. The Synod appointed the following members, the College Com- mittee for the ensuing year : — The Moderator, Mr. Rintoul, con- vener ; Dr. Burns, Mr. Esson, Mr. Harris, Mr. Gale, Mr. Stark, Mr. Cheyne, Mr. Roger, Mr. Reid, Mr. Alexander, Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Gordon, Mr. Leishman, Mr. Clugston, ministers; Mr. Westland, Mr. Paterson, Mr. Burns, Mr. Davidson, Mr. Redpath, Treasurer Mr. McMurrich, elders ; — seven to be a quorum for ordinary business, and nine a quorum for the meeting at which a Master for the Academical Institution shall be elected, while the committee shall not proceed to make an election until thirty days shall have elapsed after a resolution to elect shall have been come to, or until after the chairman has summoned a meeting for this purpose, through the Record or otherwise. Mr. Esson, in name of the committee on the admission of students, gave in a report on the course of study to be pursued in the Col- lege, which was read and sustained, when it was resolved to refer the same to the College Committee for their guidance in the interim, with instructions to them to revise the same, and submit it to the Commission for their approval. Kingston, 1847, pp. 14-15. — The Report of the College Com- mittee was called for, and was read by Mr. Rintoul, convener. Mr. Buchanan, deputy from the Free Church of Scotland, pre- 192 sented a motion, and addressed the Synod and congregation in connection with it. The motion was seconded by the Hon. John Macdonald, and unanimously carried. It is as follows : — That the Synod, with the full recognition of their great unworthi- ness as a Council of the Church, and of the much unprofitableness and sin which attach to the general members thereof, and their congregations, are specially called on in the view of the success with which God has thus far crowned their efforts for educating the youths who have been led to devote themselves to the ministry, to acknowledge His grace and kindness to us as a Church, and to ascribe to Him the praise and glory, Mr. Robb moved that the Report be received, and the thanks of the Synod tendered to the convener and to the members of the committee for the attention and care bestowed by them on the important trust committed to them, and addressed the Synod in connection with the motion. John Redpath, Esq, seconded the motion and addressed the meeting — it was unanimously carried : when the Moderator, in the name of the Synod, tendered thanks to Mr. Rintoul, the convener, and the same were duly acknow- ledged. It was then moved by Mr. Hamilton, who spoke in support of the motion, seconded by Dr. Dickson, and unanimously carried : That the Report be referred to the following members as a com- mittee to consider its various details, and to prepare a series of resolutions in regard to the same, to be submitted to the Synod at an early session, viz.: — Mr. Rintoul, Mr. Bayne, Mr. Robb, Mr. Gale, Mr. Hamilton, ministers ; and Hon. John Macdonald, John Redpath, Esq., Dr. Dickson, Mr. McMillan, ciders. Mr. Bayne called the attention of the Synod to the altered circumstances of the Church at the present time, especially as these are brought out in the College Report, from what they were when, on the tenth day of July, one thousand eight hundred and forty four, and in the immediate neighbourhood of the present place of meeting, the Synod first met after the separation from the body that continues in connection with the Established Church of Scot, land, and the grounds of thanksgiving to the great Head of the Church, for that change in our circumstances. — The Synod, there- 193 upon, on Mr. Bayne's motion, unanimously agreed to offer up tlianks to God. A portion of the 72nd Psalm was sung, beginning with these words, " The city shall be flourishing," and Mr. Rintoul, on the call of the Moderator, offered up prayer and thanksgiving. 6. — Rcwiutions on Professors, Students and General Management. Kingston, 1847, pp. 25,-29.— The Synod called for the Re- port of the committee for drafting resolutions founded on the statements and recommendations of the College Report, when a series of resolutions was submitted by the committee and read and these having been considered seriatim and variously amended, were unanimously adopted. The tenor whereof follows : — I. That the Report be printed in the Record, under the direction of the College Committee with all due despatch, and circulated as extensively as possible. II. That the Synod acknowledge through a letter from the Moderator, to the Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, the obligations under which this Church has been anew laid to the Free Church for the seasonable mission of the Rev. Robert McCorkle of St. Ninians, Scotland, as Professor of Divinity, during last session. III. That the Synod record their sense of the obligations under which the Church has been laid to Mr. McCorkle for his valuable labours in various departments of instruction in the College, for last session, also to the Rev. William Rintoul, for his valuable services in the department of Hebrew and Biblical Criticism, and that the Moderator tender the thanks of the Synod to these brethren . IV. That the Synod confirm the appointment of the Rev. Alex- ander Gale, Principal of the Academy, as Professor of Classical Literature in Knox College. V. That the Synod approve of the diligence of the College Com- mittee, in regard to the establishment of the Academy, and record their purpose to countenance and encourage it. VI. That the Synod, in conformity with the recommendation in the Report of the College Committee, and for the reasons set forth in the said Report, viz. the provisional union of the Profes- N 194 sorsliip of Theology witli the pastoral office, in the first appoint- ment of Dr. Burns to the professorship, — the increase of students requiring the undivided services of a Professor in the department of theology — and the difficulty of obtaining one, who should be nominally or really, an associate or second Professor, resolve to separate, as they hereby do separate, the Professorship of Theology in Knox College, from the Pastorship of the congregation of Knox's Church, Toronto ; and declare, that the Professor who shall be appointed, shall, for the time at least, be sole Professor of Theology. VII. That the Synod having respect to the many services ren- dered to the Presbyterian Church of Canada by Dr. Burns, espe- cially his zeal and diligence in collecting books for the Library of the College, previous to his leaving his native land, his valuable prelections to the students of Theology and his watchfulness over their spiritual interests, for two successive sessions, shall record, as they now do, their sense of the great obligations to him, under which the whole Church has been brought, and tender him their grateful acknowledgments — the Synod, regretting that from the unlooked for absence of Dr. Burns from the Province, an opportu- nity has not been afforded of conferring with him respecting these arrangements ; the urgency of the circumstances of the College requiring, that thoy should be gone into without delay. VIII. That the Synod deeply regretting that their endeavours, heretofore, to procure a Professor of Theology, have been ineffijc- tual, shall depute a minister of the Church, to proceed home without delay, and confer with the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland, respecting the appointment of a Professor, and in concurrence with said committee, to choose a fit and proper person to be Professor of Theology. The deputy to be instructed by the Synod's College Committee, as to the terms on which the appointment shall be made, and as to the other interests of the College in particular, and the Church in general, on which he shall confer with the Colonial Committee, IX. That the Synod called on Mr. Bayne of Gait, to undertake this mission. X. That the College Committee bo authorised in terms of the 195 recommendation of the Report, to procure additional assistance in the work of teaching :— tlio deputy to confer with the Colonial Committee on this matter, and endeavour in concurrence with them to procure a suitable labourer for the department requiring to be supplemented. XI. That from the approximated estimate of the expenditure necessary for the College, during the year on which we are now entering, as well as arrears of last year, salaries of Professors and assistants, rent of College buildings, assistance to the Academy, extension of Library, expenses of deputy and incidentals, the Church would require to raise the sum of £1200— and that the Synod now, in dependence on Divine strength, engage to endeavour to raise this sum ; and that for this object the College Committee are now instructed to issue an appeal to the whole Church, on this subject, and to call on such ministers and other agents as they may see fit, to visit and address congregations and stations on the subjecf, and as far as practicable to bring the claims of the College before every member and adherent of the Church. XII. That the Synod approve and adopt the recommendation of the College Committee, for the government and direction of the College by a General Committee, who, shall have, at least, three stated meetings during the year, and an acting sub-committee, with such powers as they may see meet to delegate to them. XIII. That the General Committee shall issue such interim regulations respecting the admission of students into the College and the course of study to be pursued, especially, defining the qua- lifications and acquirements that shall be sought in all applicants for admission into any of the literary and philosophical classes, and into the Divinity Hall. XIV. That the Synod recognizing the great importance of pro- viding to the utmost, for the spiritual instruction of the youths in attendance on the Academy and College, authorise the Colleo'e Committee to provide such special service for the students and pupils of the Academy, on the Lord's day, as they may see fit • such arrangement to be made in concurrence with the Presbytery of the bounds. XV. That the College Committee shall have no power over the 196 students in regard to the appointing them to the office of catechist ; but shall simply certify to Presbyteries, any whom they may deem fit for the office. XVI. That in any matters not provided for in the foregoing resolutions, the committee be left to a wise discretion and the counsel of the Commission. XVII. That as Mr. Jas. Duncan, the student sent us by the Free Church of Scotland, has, as has been certified by the Clerk of the Presbytery of Montreal, been pursuing his studies in The- ology during the last winter under the direction of said Presbytery, and with the concurrence of the College Committee, he shall be re"-arded as having made the same progress in the curriculum as thou'i-h he had attended the winter Session at Knox College. The Synod in consideration of the unanimity and zeal with which the foregoing important resolutions on the subject of the College had been discussed and adopted, resolved that, at the close of this session thanks should be tendered unto God for this token of his favor. The Synod appointed the following committee for the govern- ment of the College for the ensuing year :— The Moderator, Mr. Rintoul (convener), Mr. Robb, Mr. Bayne, Mr. Stark, Mr. Cheyne, Mr. Reid, Mr. Smart, Mr. Boyd, Mr. McDowell, Mr. Wardrope, Mr. Johnston, Mr. Lochead, Mr. Clugston, Mr. Leishman, Mr. Henry, Dr. Burns, Mr. Esson, Mr. Harris, Mr. Gray, Mr. Gale, ministers : Mr. Jefi'ery, Mr. McAlis- ter, Hon. John McDonald, Mr. James Hall, Dr. Robert Edmond- son, Mr. Durie, Mr. Redpath, Mr. McMillan, Mr. Davidson, Mr. Burns, Mr. Steen, Mr. Eraser, elders : Joh,n McMurrich, Esq., Gen. Treasurer, Samuel SpreuU, Esq. Treasurer to the 15ursary Fund : the first meeting to be held in Kingston to-morrow, to ap- point the sub-committee. The Synod in conformity with the ninth resolution in the Col- lege Report, called on Mr. Bayne, through the Moderator to undertake the mission to the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland,— Mr. Bayne was persuaded to consent to the (.^11. The Synod agreed that at the devotional exercises of to- morrow morning, special supplication shall be offered up to God for 197 His protection to Mr. Baync on his mission, and for the guidance and direction of the Spirit of grace and wisdom to him and the Committee of the Free Church of Scotland, in their choice of men who may prove fliithful and eflfective instructors of the rising mi- nistry of this Church. The Synod referred the supply of Mr. Bayne's pulpit, in his absence, to the Home Mission Committee. This session was closed with pra3^er and thanksgiving to the great Head of the Church, for the unanimity and zeal with which the resolutions respecting the College have been passed. In conformity with the resolution of the Synod, at the session of last evening, prayer was offered up in behalf of Mr. Bayne and tlie object for which he is about to proceed to Britain. Mr. Bobb led in this exercise. 7. — Appointment of Dr. Willis and Mr. Rintoul. Toronto, 1848, p. 29. — Mr. Bayne in name of the Com- mittee, on the College Report, submitted a draft of resolutions, the same was read and the Synod without a vote adopted the resolutions, and resolved accordingly : — I. That the Synod record their gratitude to the Great Head of the Church for the measure of success which has attended their efforts in connection with this Institution, and the sense they enter- tain of the obligations under which they are thereby laid to increa- sed diligence in promoting the interests of an Institution so closely connected with the extension and prosperity of the Presbyterian Church of Canada. II. That the Synod approve of the diligence and fliithful- ness of the College Committee and especially of the brethren on whom the work of instruction in Knox College has been devolved, and in particular record their satisfaction at having secured the services of one so highly qualified for this ofiice, and whose labours during the past session have proved so efficient as tlie recently appointed Professor of Theology, the Rev. Dr. Willis. III. That the Synod have peculiar pleasure in acknowledg- ing the liberality of the members and friends of this Church in responding to their appeal for the funds necessary for the support of 198 the Institution, and the debt of gratitude which they owe to the Free Church of Scotland for the generous donation of £300 Stg. for the same object. IV. That for the management of the Institution for the ensuing year, the Synod re-appoint the General Committee with the addition of the name of Dr. Willis. The committee to choose their own office-bearers, with the following instructions. 1. — That they shall make such arrangements as they may see meet for the careful examination of all applicants for admission in- to the preparatory and theological departments, and for superin- tending the usual examinations and competitions for Bursaries during, or at the close of the session, 2. — That they shall take immediate steps by correspondence with the Colonial Committee and the Presbyterian Churih of Ire- land, or otherwise, to procure the services of a well qualified Tutor whose department shall be that of English and Classical Literature and general mental training. 3. — That they shall use diligence in procuring the funds necessary for the effective maintenance of the Institution, and that for this purpose they are authorised to use such steps as may appear necessary. 5. — That the arrangements of the course of study and the internal discipline of the College shall, during the ensuing session, be committed to the Professors. Dr. Willis to be Chairman of the Professors' Court. 6. — That the appointment of the Rev. Wm. Rintoul as Professor of Hebrew be sanctioned as an interim appointment, but that the final arrangement as to this dep irtmentbe dcfered until it becoms apparent what provision is to be made for the Chair of Oriental Literature in King's College, and how far the liberality of the people will sustain the Synod in increasing the permanent staff of Professors. 7, — That the General committee be empowered to fix the salaries of Mr. Rintoul and of the Tutor above referred to, and also to co-operate as heretofore in the administration of the Toronto Academy. 199 t 8. — That a committee be appointed to draw up, after con- sulting with the Professors of Knox College and the Professors of Now College, Edinburgh, a constitution for the College, including arrangements as to the government, discipline, and curriculum of study, and as to the standard of attainments to be required of applicants for admission, coming eitlier from congregations in con- nection with the Synod, or from other quarters — to transmit said scheme when prepared o Presbyteries for advice, and to report to the Synod at their next meeting : and that the said committee shall consist of the following members ; Mr. Bayne, Mr. Robb, Mr. Stark, Mr. Reid, Mr. Gregg,Mr. Boyd, 3Ir. Leishman,~Mr. Pteid, convener. 9. — That the Synod tender their thanks to the Treasurers of the General and Bursary funds, and request their continuance in office. 8. — Boarding-House instituted. Toronto, 1849, p. 7. — The Synod called for the Report of the College Committee. The same was read by Mr. Gale, Secretary to the committee. Various relative papei'S and documents were at the same time laid on the table of the Synod. The Report was sustained. 1849, p. 9. — The Synod resumed the consideration of the Report of the College Committee, and had lengthened discussion and con- ference on the subject. It was afterwards moved by Mr. Bayne, and seconded by Mr. Robb, and unanimously agreed to : — That the members of the Professors' Court be requested to pre- pare such regulations applicable to the admission and examination of the students of Knox College, as their experience would lead them to recommend fijr the adoption of the Synod, and to report as early as possible during the sitting of the Synod. It was agreed to resume the subject of the College Report in the afternoon. 1849, p. 11. — The Synod had lengthened conference and discus- sion on various points of the Report of the College Committee. Mr. Burns made an interim Report on the Funds of the Col- lege Committee. The Synod resolved, — . 200 That a full report on this subject, setting forth all the receipts, expenditure, and responsibilities, of the committee, shall be present- ed on Tuesday. After farther discussion, it was moved by Mr. Bayne, seconded by Mr. Smellie, and agreed to : — That the College Committee be instructed to make such arrange- ments as they may deem desirable and find practicable, for provi- ding a Boarding-House suitably superintended, for the benefit of the students attending Knox College, who may wish to avail themselves of such an establishment. 9. — Constitution for the College. 1849, pp. 25-26. — Mr. Beid, in behalf of the committee for drafting " a Constitution for Knox's College, including arrange- ments for its government, discipline, and curriculum of study," reported that he had, in accordance with the directions of last Synod, written to Dr. Cunningham, of the New College, Edinburgh ; but had received no answer ; that he had prepared a very general outline on the subject entrusted to the committee ; and that being unable to convene its members he had transmitted the outline to the Professors of Knox College to obtain their assistance in filling it up. Mr. Gale, in behalf of the Professors' Court reported a draft, prepared in consequence of the remit, from the Synod. Tnc draft was read, when on motion made and seconded it was agreed. — That the Synod approve generally of the draft submitted by the Professors' Court, remit the same to them with instruc- tions to put it into proper form, and transmit it forthwith to Presby- teries who are hereby enjoined to report their opinions on the proposals contained in the same, on or before the 1st of March, 1850, in order that the Professors' Court may prepare a Beport, exhibiting the views of the Church, as thus obtained, to be laid before the Synod at the next ordinary meeting. And farther, that in the meantime the Professors' Court be authorized to take the recommendations of the Beport, for their guidance in conducting the business of next session, so far as they find it practicable and expedient. 201 (This interim constitution gave general powers of discipline to the Senatus or Professors' court, and committed the general aflfairs of the College to a large committee appointed annually by the Synod. Noth- ing further was done in this matter till the years 1858 and 1859. — See Act of incorporation and regulations for the management of the College.— Ed.) That the following committee be appointed to consider the present and prospective state of the College fund, with authority after conference with the profes.sors, to determine whether any and what reduction can be effected in the present College expenditure, so as to bring it within the probable annual contributions of the Church, consistently with the efficiency of the institution — to meet, and, if practicable, to come to some final determination on the matters immediately after the close of the Synod ; instructing them also to make an appeal to the Church in behalf of the funds of the institution. That the Professors' Court be continued ; and that the College Committee for the current year shall be, viz. 1849, p. 26. — That with a view to the promotion of the preli- minary training of our young men, and in order, also, to advance the interests of christian education generally, in connection therewith, the Synod earnestly recommend to the members of the Church at large, and especially those resident in Toronto, to sustain the Academy — approve generally of the sugiicstions of the Report on the subject — and authorise and request such as may be en- gaged in conducting the preliminary training in the College to render what aid they can in the superintendence and training of the youth in the Academy — and the College Committee are instructed to bring the suggestions and recommendations of the Report con- cerning the Academy, before its present directors. ■» 10. — ProjMsed Act of Irvcorjjovatlon. Toronto, 1850, p.. 15 — The Synod had read a draft of a Bill of Incorporation for Knox College. It was agreed that the said draft should lie on the table, to be taken up in connection with the Report of the College Committee at a future session. 202 Toronto, 1850, p. 29. — Mr. Gale gave in a Report from the Committee on King's College, and Dr. Willis, gave in the Report of the College Committee which were read. After deliberation, it was agreed. — That these Reports be received and sustained, and that the thanks of the Synod be given to these committees, for the atten- tion which they have given to the matters entrusted to them- That the College Committee be Messrs. McKenzie, Robb, Roger, Grregg, R. Boyd, Wardrope, Gordon, Stark, Gale, Bayne, and, Rintoul, ministers ; Hon. M. Cameron, Hon. G. McDonald, Dr. Dickson, John Fraser, G. Davidson, J. Burns, W. Notman, J. Gibb, J. Redpath, J. McMurrich, S. Spreull and James Shaw, Es- quires, together with the Professors. That the committee endea- vour to get such arrangements in the University of King's College as will answer the purpose of Knox College. And that it be en- trusted to the committee to make such arrangements in the inter- nal economy of Knox College as they deem best, for the purposes of promoting its objects, and the advancement of the students in the prosecution of their studies. The Synod took up the consideration of the draft of a bill for the incorporation of Knox's College, when after deliberation it was agreed, to refer the same to tie Presbytery of Toronto, that they may still further correspond with the Church regarding its details, and, especially with the Presbyteries ; with authority to said Presby- tery by and with the concurrence of a luajority of the other Presbyteries in the dr;xft, or in alterations and amendments of the same, to take steps to have it passed into law. Kingston, 1851, pp. 9-10. — The Synod called for the Report of the College Committee. The same was given in by Dr. Willis, and read. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed that the Report be received and approved of Mr. Burns gave in the accounts of the College Boarding-House it was agreed to refer them to the Finance Committee. The Synod appointed as a Committee on Finance, Mr. Shaw, convener, Mr. McLellan, Mr. Fisher, Mr. Brodieand Mr. Durie, with instructions to report on the state of the Funds of all the schemes of the Church for the past year, and to report also the 203 congregations that liave failed to contribute to the College, or any of the other scliemes of the Church for three years past, or such other period as they may see fit. The Synod called for the Report of the Presbytery of Toronto on the draft of a Bill for the Incorporation of Knox College. Dr. Burns on behalf of the Presbytery, reported that they had transmitted a draft to the several Presbyteries of the Church re- questing their observations on the same, and that they had receiv- ed no Reports except from the Presbyteries of Hamilton and Montreal. The Synod agreed to enter on the consideration of the draft, and the sama was read. Thereafter the Synod proceeded to con- sider it clause by clause. The Preamble, referring to the Establishment of Knox College and the necessity of its being incorporated, was agreed to. Clause 1, incorjiorating such parties as the Synod may name as the President and Council of Knox College, and restricting the annual income above all charges of management to £5,000, was agreed to. Clause 2, which enacts that the Professors shall be appointed by the Synod, or by any body to which they may delegate the power, and that the Professors shall hold their offices ad vitam aid cul- pam, was agreed to with this alteration, viz : that the words " or by any body to which they may delegate the power of appoint- ment," shall be omitted, and also with the proviso that in the event of a vacancy occurring, the College Council may make what provision they deem best for the instruction of the students, un- til the meeting of Synod. 1851, p. lU. — The Synod resumed consideration of the draft of the Bill for the Incorporation of Knox College. Clauses third and fourth, enacting the establishment of a College Council, and defining the powers and duties^of the Council, were read. After lengthened discussion it was agreed to postpone the further consi- deration of them untill to-morrow. 1851, p. 1 1- —The Synod then resumed consideration of the draft of the Bill for the Incorporation of Knox College. 204 Clause 3, whicli enacts the establishment of a College Coun- cil, to consist of all the permanent Professors, and twelve members to be appointed by the Synod, of whom six shall be ministers, and six elders or members in full communion, seven being a quorum for the transaction of business ; two ministers, and two of the other assessors, elders or members of the Church to retire annually, who may, however, be re-elected by the Synod ; the Senior Pro- fessor of Theology to be permanent President, was agreed to. Clause 4, which defines the powers and duties of the Council, was agreed to, with exception that the salaries of the Professors shall be regulated by the Synod — not by the Council. Clause 5, which declares the College to be a Theological Col- lege, and gives power to confer Degrees in Divinity, and no other, was agreed to. Clause 6, which provides for the establishment of a Court, to be called the College Senate, or Professors' Court, was then taken into consideration, when it was moved by Mr. Macgregor, and seconded by Mr. Bayne, — 1. That in addition to the regular Professors, the Synod appoint five Assessors, of whom three shall be ministers, and two elders or members of the Church, to sit and act with the Professors in the Professors' Court. It was moved in amendment by Dr. Burns, seconded by Mr. Smith. — 2. That in the Professors' Court, the Professors shall be assisted by five Assessors, of whom three shall be ministers, to be named by the Synod, and by such honorary Professors as the Synod may see meet from time to time to name for particular departments. The roll was called and the votes marked, when there voted for Mr. Macgregor's motion twenty-three, and for Dr. Burns's, seven- teen. The Synod accordingly resolved in terms of Mr. Macgre- gor's motion ; from which Dr. Burns dissented in his own name, and in the name of those who m:iy adhere to him, for reasons to be given in. With this alteration, and the omission of the word " tutors" the clause was agreed to. 205 1851, p. 15. — The Synod then resumed consideration of the draft of the Bill for the Incori oration of Knox Collej>;e. Clause 7, which gives power of Visitation to the Synod was agreed to. Clause 8, which refers to the manner in which the College pro- perty shall be held, was then taken up, when after reasoning, it was agi'ecd to refer the clause to a committee, consisting of Dr. Burns, convener, Mr. Willis, Mr. Wardrope, Mr.Bayne, ministers, and Mr. Shaw, Mr. McMurrich and Mr. Burns, elders, — the committee to report on Monday forenoon. The remaining clause was thereafter agreed to. 1851, p.2G — The Synod resumed consideration of the Report of committee on the 8th clause of the Act for the Incorporation of Kn ix College, when after reasoning, it was agreed to refer the mat- ter to Presbyteries with instructions to them to take steps for obtaining the views of the congregations within their bounds as to the provisions for securing the property of Knox College, and report before next meeting. Reasons of dissent from the decision of the Synod, on the sixth clause of the draft of the Act for Incorporating Knox College were given in by Dr. Burns. The same were read, and ordered to be entered in the Record of Dissents. The Synod appointed the following committee to superintend Knox College during the current year, viz., Mr. McKenzie, Mr. Roger, Mr. R. Boyd, Mr. Wardrope, Mr. Gordon, Mr. Stark, Mr. Gale, Mr. Bayne, Mr. Rintoul, ministers ; and Mr. John Fraser, Mr. Davidson, Honourable M. Cameron, Honourable John McDon- ald, Dr. Dickson, Mr. John Burns, Mr. Gibb, Mr. Redpath, Mr. IMcMurrich, and Mr. Shaw ; together with the Professors, — Dr. Willis, convener. KiNC^TON, 1852, pp. 9-10.— The Synod then called for the Reports of Presbyteries on the 8th clause of the proposed Charter of Incorporation for Knox College. Reports were given in by the Presbyteries of Hamilton, Cobourg, Kingston, Brockville, and Monireal. The Reports were read, and after discussion the fol- lowing motion was agreed to, viz : 206 Tlic Synod considering the varieties of opinions on" the subject of the Charter in question, and considering farther, that one great benefit contemplated by the projiosed Charter has been practically gained by the admission of a representa' ive of the Church and Col- lege int ) the Senate of the University of Toronto, delay, in the meantime, any application for such Charter. 11. — Interim arrang einents for Literary Studies — Curriculum. 1852, p. 9.— The Synod then called for the Report of the Col- lege Committee, which was given in and read by Dr. Willis, convener. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed to i-eceive the Re- port, and to appoint a committee to confer with the Professors on the subjects referred to in the Report, and report to the Synod at a future diet. The ct )mmittee tD consist of Mr. Bayne, convener, Mr. Reid, Mr. Young, Mr. Gregg, Mr. McPherson, Mr. Lowry, Mr. Ure, and Mr. Fraser, ministers; and Mr. Paterson, Mr. Fer- rier, Mr. McLellan, and Mr. Burns, elders. 1852, pp. 20-21. — The Committee to whom was referred the con- sideration of the various points contained in the College Report, gave in a Report. — The Report being maturely considered, was adopted, and in terms thereof, the Synod resolved. — 1. That, considering the increasing facilities, throughout the Province, for the preliminary training of applicants for admission to Knox College, no permanent provisions for this object is required to be made, in connection with the College ; but that, as it is desirable that some interim arrangement should be made, the Pro- fessors' Court be empowered, after conference with the College Committee, to make such arrangement as they shall sec fit, charging the College Fund with any additional expense which may be neces- sary ; which, the Synod are of opinion, will not be to any great extent. 2. That the Professors' Court be instructed to prepare a full draft of what they consider necessary as to the curriculum of study, and to report to the ensuing Synod. 3. That the attention of the Professors' Court be called to the 207 great importance of the student's being carefully trained /or ^u&?ic reailing and s}) caking. 4. That a responsible Librarian be appointed to take charge of the valuable and increasing Library connected with the College ; his salary not to exceed £20 per annum. 5. That, while it is regarded as inexpedient, at present, to make any general appeal to the people, for the raising of funds for Col- lege Buildings, or the endowment of Professorships, the attention of the Church be directed to these most important and necessary objects. G. That the College Committee be empowered to make arrange- ments about the Boardiug-IIouse, with the injunction that if they see fit to continue that establishment, they endeavour to free the College Fund as much as possible, of any expense in connection with it. 12. — Appointment of Professor G. P. Young , Hamilton, 1853, pp. 9-10. — The Synod then called for the Re. port of the College Committee which was given in and read, by Dr. Willis,convener. On motion made and seconded, the Synod sustained the Report, and appointed a committee to consider the various mat- ters embraced in it, and especially the vacancy occasioned by the death of f*rofessor Esson, and report at a future diet; the com- mittee to consist of the Moderator, Mr. Bayne, Dr. Willis, Mr. Young, Dr. Burns, Mr. Ure, Mr. Irvine, Mr. Lowry, Mr. Roger, Mr. Gregg, Mr. Clark, Mr. McLeod, Mr. D. Fraser, Mr. McMurray, Mr. Wardrope, and Mr. Thomas McPherson, minis, ters ; and Mr. McMurrich, Mr. Redpath, Mr. Ferrier, Mr. A. Smith, Mr. Shaw, Mr. Morgan, Mr. Gibb, Mr. Court, and Mr. Clark, elders — Mr. Young, convener. 1853, p. 22. — The committee appointed to consider the various matters embraced in the Report of the College Committee for the past year, and especially the vacancy occasioned by the death of the late Professor Esson, presented their Report. On motion made and seconded, the same was sustained, and the Synod in terms, thereof resolved. — 1. That a second Theological Professor be appointed. 208 2. That a committee be appointed to make enquiry as to a suitable person to fill the office of second Professor of Theology, and tliat the committee be empowered, when they have the pros- pect of securing the services of one whom they judge suitable, to report the same to the Moderator of Synod, who is instructed to call a pro re nata meeting of Synod to make a final decision in the matter. The committee to consist of Mr. Gale, convener. Dr. WilUs, and Messrs. Lowry, McMurrich and Henning. Kingston, 1853, pp. 30-31. — {pro re nata) The Eeport of the committee appointed to look out for a suitable person to fill the situation of second Professor of Divinity in Knox College, was given in and read. The Report embodied the following recom- mendations, with reference to the designation, status and duties of the Professor to be appointed viz : — 1. That the proposed Professor shall be designated as " Second Professor of Divinity in Knox College." 2. That in regard to the duties of this Professorship, the manage- ment of his classes, and the treatment of the various departments of study assigned to him in the curriculum, his authority shall be, in all respects, co-ordinate with that of the Primarius Professor. 3. That there shall be assigned to the superintendence of the Second Professor of Divinity, the departments of Logic, Mental and Moral Philosophy, and the Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion. The Report further spacified the various steps that had been adopted by the committee in the matter ; and concluded with un- animously recommending the ReV. George P. Young, of Hamilton, as a suitable person to fill the situation in question. On motion made and seconded, it was unanimously agreed to receive the Report, and approve the diligence of the committee in the matter entrusted to them. A memorial was read from Mr. John Redpath and Mr. James Court, suggesting the postponement, in the meantime, of any ap- pointment of a second Professor. It was moved by Mr. Wardrope, seconded by Mr. McLeod, and unanimously resolved. 20d 1. That the Synod, in accordance with the recommendation of the committee, do appoint, as they hereby do, the Rev. George P. Young " Second Professor of Divinity in Knox College ;" adopting and sanctioning the recommendations of the committee in recard to Mr. Young's designation, status and duties in the College ; and that, in the meantime, his salary be not less than £300 per annum. 2. That the Synod release Mr. Young, as they hereby do, from his present charge, in order that he may be enabled to give his attention to such arrangements as he may find it necessary to make for the discharge of the important duties now to devolve upon him. Mr. Webster, who appeared as commissioner from the Session and congregation of Knox Church, Hamilton, addressed the Synod with reference to the feelings and desires of the congregation in view of the removal of the pastor. Whereupon it was moved, seconded, and unanimously resolved. — That the Synod have heard with pleasure of the disinterest- ed conduct of the congregation of Knox Church, Hamilton; and agree to grant them such supply as they may have it in their power to give, and in every competent way to further the views of the congregation as represented by their commissioner ; and further recommended to the various Presbyteries and Sessions to co-operate, as far as possible, with the Presbytery of Hamilton, and the Session of Knox Church there, in afi"ording such supply as the vacant congregation may desire. 13. — Purchase or Erection of College Buildings. Toronto, 1854, p. 8. — The Synod then called for the Report of the College Committee, which was given in and read by Dr. Willis, convener of the committee. The Synod, generally, approved of the Report, and appointed the following committee ; viz. : — Mr. Clark, Mr. Lowry, Dr. Bayne, Mr. Boyd, Mr. Roger, Mr. Gregg, Mr. Scott, Dr. Willis, Professor Young, ministers ; and Messrs. Henning, Donald Kennedy, Court, A Smith, Shaw, McMillan, McMurrich, and Jeffrey ; — Mr. Clark convener, to consider the points brought out in the Report, and prepare a deliverance to be submitted to the Synod. o 210 1854, pp. 13-14. — The committee appointed to consider the various points embraced in the College lleport, presented a Report embodying the, following deliverance, which the Synod adopted, viz : — 1. The Synod is of opinion that an effort should immediately be made for building a College ; and with a view to this appoints a committee to draw up an address to the various congregations of the Church on the subject of College buildings, to collect subscrip- tions for that object, to choose and purchase a site when the proper time shall have arrived, and to report progress to the Commission in October ; power being granted to the Commission to give what injunctions it deems proper to the committee in regard to the actual erection of buildings, to such an extent as the state of the fund may warrant. 2. As a considerable time must elapse before the contemplated College can be raised, the Synod empowers the College Committee to retake for two years the two houses at present occupied in Front street, at the rent of £85 per annum for each. 14. — Literary Glasses — Boarding -House — Bursaries. 3. It being necessary to make some arrangement for carrying on the preparatory classes, in consequence of Mr. Laing's accept- ance of the pastoral charge of the congregation in Scarborough, the Synod directs the College Committee to engage the services of Mr. Smith, Head Master of the Toronto Academy, to take charge of the preparatory classes of English, Latin, Greek and Mathema- tics. At the same time impressed with a conviction of the impor- tance of a thorough English education, the Synod requires its students at an early state of their curriculum, to be fixed by the College Committee, to take advantage of the classes for English composition and literature in University College. 4. The Synod directs the College Committee likewise to enter into an arrangement with Mr. Smith, in regard to the superinten- dence of the Boarding-House. 5. The Synod does not think is necessary that any pi'ovision should in the meantime be made by tlie Church for teacliing the Hebrew language but directs its students to attend the Hebrew 211 classes in University College, or such other institutions as the Pro- fessors' Court may approve of. 6. The Synod place the manaoement of the Bursary Fund in the hands of the committee, to apply the money— y?r.s-^> for the payment of Bursaries offered for eminence in different departments of study ; and next, for aiding the young men who may wish t o devote themselves to the work of the ministry, but may be unable to enter upon, or to proceed with, their studies from want of means ; it being understood that the committee shall be at liberty to con- sider applications on behalf of such parties only, as have been recommended by their respective Kirk Sessions and Presbyteries. 1 5. — Sui^plemen tary Lectures. 7. The Synod remits to the College Committee to consider the subject of supplementary lectures, and empowers the committee to invite any party to prelect on a particular branch, if they think this desirable ; leaving it with the College Committee at the same time to nominate the assessors for the Professors' Court. 8. The Synod appoints the next Session of Knox College to commence on the 1st of November, 1854, and to end on the last day of April, 1855. 9. The Synod appoints Professor Young's salary to be £400 per annum. 16. — Aid from the Free Church dispensed with. 1854, p. 23. — TheSynod, considering thepresentprosperity of the country and the favourable position of the College Fund, authorized the College Committee, if they shall see cause, in acknowledging the generous aid rendered by the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland to Knox College in years past, to inform them that such aid may now be dispensed with. 17. — Hehrew Classes. Montreal, 1855, p. 12. — The Synod then took up the consider- ation of the College Report. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed. — That the Reporc cf the College Committee be received and approved ; and the Synod express the satisfaction and thankfulness with which they have learned the harmony and prosperity of the Institution during the 212 year ; that the Synod accept and adopt the curriculum of study submitted in the Report, but expressing their strong opinion of the desirableness of bringing the Hebrew classes at as early a date as possible under the direct care of the College, call the serious at- tention of the College Committee to this subject, and empower the committee, if they shall see fit to make arrangements for having the Hebrew taught by any of the Professors, or of the ministers of the Church ; that the Synod appoint the Professors, with S. Spreull, Esq., and G. Brown, Esq., M. P. P ., to be a committee to confer with the authorities of the University College, with a view to have the classes of that Institution made more available than at present to the students of this Church. The Synod further, in accordance with the recommendation of the Report, appoint the following committee for the superintendence of the College for the year, viz : — from the Presbytery of Toronto, Revs Dr. Burns, Dr. Willis, Prof. Young, Messrs. Reid, Harris, Wightman, Ure, McTavish, Laing & Grray ministers, with Messrs McMurrich, Jas. Shaw, John Shaw, Gr. Brown, S. Spreull, and A. McGlashan. From the Presbytery of London, Messrs. Scott and Ross, ministers, with Mr. Begg, elder. From the Presbytery of Hamilton, Messrs. Irvine, Inglis, Young, and Alexander, ministers, with Mr. Fisher, elder. From the Presbytery of Cobourg, Messrs- McLeod and Roger, with Mr. TurnbuU, alder. From the Presby, tery of Kingston, Messrs. Gregg and Wilson, ministers, with Mr. Mathews, elder. From the Presbytery of Brockville, Messrs. Boyd and McMurray, ministers. From the Presbytery of Ottawa, Messrs. Wardrope and Duncan, ministers, with Mr. Hay, elder ; and from the Presbytery of Montreal, Messrs. W. B, Clark and D. Fraser, with Mr. Redpath, elder ; Dr. Willis and Prof. Young, joint conveners ; Messrs. John Scott, Robt. Irvine, John Laing, J. M. Roger, W. Gregg, J. B. Duncan and D. Fraser, were appoint- ed corresponding members of tlie committee, in terms of the recommendation contained in the Report. 18. — Literary Curriculum. 1855, p. 26. — The committee have been instructed to prepare, and to lay before the Synod, a curriculum which it could 213 recommend for the Synod's adoption, beg respectfully to submit the following : — Prcliminari/ Class. — For those who, on examination, are not found qualified to enter upon the course properly so called. Arith- metic and Mathematics ; English Grammar ; Elements of Civil History ; Elements of Latin and Greek. Non- Theological Course. 1. First year — Classics; Mathematics; English Composition. 2. Second year — Classics ; Junior Philosophy, (Logic and Me- taphysics;) Physical Science, (Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, or Natural History;) History and English Literature, (Junior De- partment.) 3. Third year — Senior Philosophy, (Metaphysics and Ethics ;) Junior Hebrew ; Physical Science, (Geology ;) History and Litera- ture, (Senior Department.) Theological Course. — See Rules for management of the College. 19. — College Building and Deed of Trust. Toronto, 1854, 2>ro re nata MS. Minutes. — After lengthened discussion, the following resolutions were unanimously adopted in regard to the tenure of the College property : — 1. That the property to be acquired for the erection of a College shall be held in trust, and managed by seven trustees. 2. That such trustees shall be elected in manner following, that is to say : each congregation on the Roll of the Synod shall, on or before the first day of May in each and every year, make choice of one individual, being a member of the Church, whose name shall be returned to the Synod clerk on or before the first day of June ; that on the first day of the annual meeting of Synod the Synod shall nominate a committee composed of an equal number of ministers and elders, which committee shall forthwith proceed to elect from among the individuals named by the several congre- gations the necessary number of trustees. 3. That in the event of one-third or more of the congregations of this Church, or of the ministers and congregations together, seceding at one time, professing to carry out more faithfully the principles of the Protest made at Kingston in the year one thou- 214 sand eight hundred and forty four, there shall be an equitable division of the College property according to the number of adhe- rents and the amount at first contributed ; such division to be made by arbitrators mutually chosen. 4. That a committee be appointed to prepare, after taking such legal advice as they may think proper, a draft of a deed in accor- dance with the foregoing resolutions ; such draft to be submitted at the meeting of the Synod in June next. Montreal, 1855, pp. 16-17. — The Synod called for the Report of the College Building Committee, and also of the committee appointed to draft a Deed for the holding of College property. Reports were given in and read. It was moved by Dr. Burns, and duly seconded. — That the proceedings at the special meeting in November last, regarding the College, be approved generally, and that the commit- tee be re-appointed with instructions to obtain a trust deed on the principle of the model deed for congregations ; approve of the method proposed in the minute of the date referred to for the election of Trustees ; limit the anticipatory disruption clause to the ministers and elders of the whole Church at the lime, and the committee is instructed on obtaining such a deed to proceed forthwith to receive donations and subscriptions to the extent of at least £10,000, and to obtain suitable plans and estimates, the re- sult to be submitted to next Synod, or if the committee choose, to a meeting to be especially called. It was moved by Mr. Archibald Young, and duly seconded. — That the College building proposed to be erected in connection with the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, shall be vested in Trustees, chosen by the respective congregations, accor- ding to the resolutions passed atthe^jro re nata meeting of Synod, only that those shall be held elected, who have the greatest num- ber of votes, to be held for the Synod, holding the principles recog- nised in the Standards of this Church. It was moved by Mr. McLaren, and duly seconded. — That the Synod having taken into consideration the subject of deeding the College property, declare in favour of a deed which secures the property to the principles of our Church as at present 215 defined in the Standards of this body, the property to be held by Trustees, elected annually by the Synod. It was agreed that the last two motions should be put to the House against each other, which having been done, a majority supported the motion made by Mr. McLaren. The first motion, viz : that made by Dr. Burns, and Mr. McLaren's motions, were then put to the House, when 39 voted for Mr. McLaren's motion, and 20 for Dr. Burns' motion. Mr. McLaren's motion was then declared to be carried, and in accordance with it, the Synod re-appointed the committee, ins- tructing them to obtain a deed in accordance with the motion now passed, and on obtaining such a deed, to proceed to receive dona- tions and subscriptions, and to obtain suitable plans and estimates, the result to be submitted to next Synod, or if the committee choose, to a meeting to be especially called. 20. — Burtary Fund and Inspection of Students. London, 1856, pp. 8-9. — The Synod then called for the Re- port of the College Committee. The same was given in by Dr. Willis, convener, and was read. The Synod, after lengthened deliberation on the Report, adopted the following resolutions, viz : 1. That the College Committee be instructed to adopt measures for bringing the Bursary Fund before the ministers and congrega- tions of the Church, with the view of sustaining it, as a means of assisting young men in their preparations for the work of the ministry. 2. That, as regards the tutorship, things remain as heretofore, Mr. Smith being retained for another year as head of the Board- ing-House, and as a tutor ; the committee being empowered to make any other arrangement, should this not be carried into ef- fect. 3. That it shall be the duty of the College Committee to cor- respond with Presbyteries respecting their mode of superintend- ing students, with the view of securing, as far as possible, the uni- form observance throughout the Church of the Synod's arrange- ments on this head ; to obtain from Presbyteries an annual report relative to the students under their inspection, and present a 216 digest of these annually to the Synod ; to attend the opening and closing of the Hall, and to receive, and lay before the Synod an annual report regarding the state of the Hall, including the report of the Professors of the means which they have taken to promote the improvement of the students under their inspection. In case, likewise, of the College Committee being satisfied, from the reports of the Professors or from other sources, that it would be un advi- sable for a young man to continue to prosecute his studies with a view to the ministry, it shall be the duty of the committee to re- commend such student to give up his Theological studies, and to betake himself to some other vocation. 21. — Students as CatecJiists. 4. That the Synod approve of the suggestions in the Report, that, as a general rule, students at College should not be required to go out as catechists, till they have passed the first year of their Divinity course, leaving it to the College Committee to decide on any exceptional calls on their service, and that, during the session, no student should be required to do public Sabbath duty more than on six Sabbaths, and that in this case, also, any extra demands should be in all cases submitted to the approval of the Professors. 5. That the Synod, in accordance with the recommendation of the committee, change the time of the opening of the College ses- sion from the 1st November to 1st October, and the time of close ing from 1st May to 1st April. The College Committee was appointed as follows : — • From the Presbytery of Toronto, Dr. Willis, Professor Young, Mr. Reid, Dr. Burns, Messrs. Lowry, Ure, McTavish, ministers ; and Messrs. McMurrich, Shaw, and Spreull. From Presbytery of Hamilton ; Messrs. Irvine, Inglis, Mclluar, Young, Alexander, ministers; and Messrs. Dickerman, Hopkins, Mitchell, and M. Young, elders. From Presbytery of London, Messrs. Scott, Ross, McKenzie, McLaren, Ball, ministers; and Messrs. Clark, Smith, Gunn, and Douglas, elders. From Presbytery of Cobourg, Messrs. McLcod, Roger, and John Smith, ministers; and Messrs. Riddle and Rutherford, elders. From Presbytery of Kingston, Messrs. Gregg, Wilson, and Pearce, ministers ; and Dr. Holden and Mr. 217 Matthews, elders. From Presbytery of Brockville and Ottawa, Messrs. Wardrope, Duncan, Smith, and Dr. Boyd, ministers; and Messrs. McLaren, Nicol, and Sherwood, elders. And from the Presbytery of Montreal, Messrs Clark, Fraser, Kemp, and Ander son, ministers ; and Messrs. Court, Rcdpath, and McBean, elders ; Dr. Willis, convener. 22. — Purchase and Conveyance of College Property. 1856, p. 13. — The Synod called for the Report of the Commit- tee on College Buildings. The same was presented by Mr. Reid. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed, to receive and ap- prove the Report generally, and to return thanks of the Synod to the committee, and especially to Mr. Reid, for the diligence and zeal which had been manifested in the matter of the purchase of buildings for College purposes. The Synod appointed Messrs. Court, McMurrich, Cattanach, Ferrier, Mitchell, with Messrs. Kemp, Laing, Gregg, D. Fraser, W. McLaren, and Dr. Willis, to consider the matter of the Deed, and to report at a future Diet. 185G, p. 16. — Mr, Court presented a Report from the committee appointed to consider the matter of deeding the College property. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed — That the report be sustained, so far as relates to the temporary conveyance of the College property to Messrs. Reid, Jeffrey, Red- path, Ferrier, and McConkey, for such purposes as the Synod shall hereafter determine, and that further consideration of the Report be adjourned till Tuesday afternoon. 23. — Appointment of Professor Burns D. D. 1856 p. 18. — The College Committee presented a Report on the subject of the establishment of a new Chair in Knox's College. Whereupon it was moved by Mr. D. Walker, seconded by Mr. Smellie, That the Report be received and sustained, and in harmo- ny with its recommendations the Synod agree — 1. That a third Theological chair be established in Knox College. 218 2. That Professor Young be loosed from the chair of Evidences and appointed to the chair of Exegetical Theology, and that the third Professor have charge of the departments of Church History and Evidences. 3. That the Rev. Dr. Burns be appointed to the third Theolo- gical chair, with a salary of £400. 4. That the Presbytery of Toronto, be instructed to take the necessary steps for carrying out this decision. It wa!5 moved in amendment by Mr. Ross, seconded by Mr. McRuar, That it is not, in the circumstances expedient to appoint Dr. Burns to the third Theological Chair. The roll was called and the votes marked, when 71 voted for the motion, and 10 for the amendment; 15 declining to vote. — Dr. Burns was accordingly appointed Professor of Church History and Christian Evidences in Knox College. 24 — Act for Incorporation of College. 1856 p. 19. — The Synod resumed the consideration of the ques- tion of deeding the College Property. After full discussion, the following decision was come to : — That this whole subject be remitted to the following committee, viz., Messrs. Kemp, Fraser, Reid, Court, Redpath, Spreull, and Ferrier, Mr. Court, convener; with instructions to take legal adviee, and draw up a Trust Deed on the following principles : — 1. That the College property be bound to the principles of this Church. 2. That the election of Trustees to hold the property shall be made by this Synod, the names of those, from whom Trustees shall be elected, being sent annually or triennially to the Synod by congregations, according to a plan to be matured by the com- mittee now to be appointed, and further that the question of ma- nagers, and of the constitution and election of a board of manage- ment, be postponed till next meeting of Synod. On motion made and seconded, it was decided that there should be no clause, making provision for the contingency of any future disruption. 219 The Synod also resolved, that the Building Committee be ins- tructed to take steps towards erectini^ an addition to the College Buildings immediately, and houses for the Professors as soon as funds shall be obtained ; and that the committee be instructed, also, to take steps for raising funds for the purpose, and that Presbyteries be instructed to co-operate with them, by sending deputations to each congregation and station within their bounds. The Building Committee was appointed as follows: — Dr. Willis, Dr. Burns, Messrs. Young, Keid, Lowry, Irvine, Inglis, Clark, Scott, INIcLeod, Gregg, and Duncan, ministers ; and Messrs. Spreull, Shaw, McMurricli, Court, Fisher, Dickerman, Osborne, Young, Dewar, Cowan, and Heron, elders. Mr. Reid, convener. Kingston 1857, p. 13. — The Synod called for the Report of the College Committee, and the same was given in by Dr. Willis, convener, and read. There was also laid before the Synod, a statement of the position of the College Fund. The Synod thereafter proceeded to consider the Report of the College Committee, and after lengthened deliberation it was, on the motion of Mr. Kemp, seconded by Mr. Wilson, resolved. That the Synod sustain the Report ; regret to find that the contributions from the congregations of the Church, in behalf of the ordinary College Fund, do not amount to the required expen- diture,— anticipating, however, that this deficiency will yet, for the most part, be made up by the contributions still to be received. The Synod further, considering the importance of maintaining, without embarrassment the Theological Institution of the Church urge upon the ministers, office-bearers, and members of the Church, to take this matter into their serious consideration, and remit the subject for the considerate attention of Presbyteries, Sessions, Deacons' Courts, and Managers of congregations, and that it be earnestly recommended that the moneys to be raised for the above purpose be raised by subscriptions. 1857 p. 15. — Mr. Court, convener of the committee appointed to prepare a draft of deed of the College property, laid on the table a draft of an Act of Incorporation, which, in the opinion of the committee appeared to be the most expedient mode of arranging 220 this matter. This Report was ordered in the meantime to lie on the table. 1857, pp. 15-16. — The Synod then resumed consideration of the College Report. It was moved by Mr. Ure, seconded by Mr. Cheyne. — That it be agreed to dispense, for the present year, with a regular tutorship, in connection with the College, and that it be remitted to the College Committee, to make the best arrangement in reference to this matter, that circumstances may admit of. It was moved by Mr. McLaren and seconded by Mr. Inglis. — That the Synod convinced that the tutorship is still required in Knox College, instruct the committee to take an immediate step to secure an interim Tutor. After discussion, Mr. Ure's motion was carried by a majority and adopted. The following resolutions were adopted, after discussion, with reference to the College. — That all necessary arrangements, with reference to the Board- ing-House be remitted to the College Committee, it being an ins- truction to them that such arrangements as shall be made, shall not make the Boarding-House a burden on the College Fund. That according to the recommendation of the College Com- mittee, a principal be appointed to Knox College, and that Dr. "Willis be chosen to that office. That the attention of Presbyteries be again directed to the regulations of the Synod, in regard to the examination of students, recommending them to give special attention thereto, and appoint- ing Reports of the Presbyteries to be sent to the convenor of the College Committee on or before the 31st of May. It was remitted to the College Committee to make arrangements as to the time of commencing and closing the College Session. The College Committee was appointed. 1857, p. 17. — The Synod then took up consideration of the draft of Act of Incorporation embodied in the Report of the com- mittee. It was unanimously agreed to receive the Report, and approve 221 of the diligence of the committee entrusted with the duty, and to proceed to read and consider the draft section by section. The preamble was agreed to, with the exception, that the name of the College shall be " Knox College " instead of " The John Knox College." Section 1st was read and approved, with the exception of ' three years ' for ' one year ' as the period within which real estate ac- quired by the College shall be sold. Section 2nd was read and approved, with the omission of one clause beginning with the words ' with the concurrence,' and end- ing with the words ' as the Synod shall prescribe.' The Synod resumed consideration of the draft of the Act of Incorporation for Knox College. Section 3rd was read and adopted with certain modifications. Section 4th was read and adopted. Section 5th was read and adopted. Section 6th was read and adopted with the addition of three elders or members of the Church to form the College Senate Section 7th was read and adopted. Section 8th was read and agreed to with certain alterations, viz., that the Board of Trustees should be composed of 2-i persons appointed by the Synod, of whom one fourth may be ministers, the rest to be office-bearers or members of the Chui'ch in full communion. Section 9th was read and adopted, with certain modifications. 1857 p. 21. — The Synod proceeded to consider the draft of Act of Incorporation for Knox College. Section 10th was adopted, with certain alterations rendered necessary by alterations in the previous sections. Section llth was read, and ordered to be deleted. Section 12th was read, and agreed to. Section 13th was read, and agreed to. It was then, on motion made and seconded, resolved, that the Synod agree to the draft as now amended. The Synod re-appointed the committee as follows, viz. : Mr. Kemp, convener, Messrs. Fraser, Redpath, Court, Reid, and Ferrier, instructing them to have the draft engrossed, and to take steps for having it brought before the Legislature. The Synod appointed the above named members, together with 222 the P' ofessors of the College, and Messrs. Scott, Ure, Gregg, Dr. Bayne, Dr. Irvine, Messrs. Wardrope, Laiag, and A. Skinner, to be a committee to draw up rules for the regulation and manage- ment of the College. The Synod appointed the following committee, viz., — Messrs. T. Wardrope, the Moderator, the Clerk, Mr. S. C. Fraser, Dr. Irvine, Mr. Archibald Young, Mr. Clark, and Mr. Ferrier ; Dr. Irvine, convener, to prepare a list of trustees whose names shall be inserted in the Act of Incorporation. (The Act will be found in full in the minutes of 1857 page 21, but as it was considerably altered before passing the Legislature it need not be printed here.) 1857, p. 26.— The Synod called for the Report of the College Building Committee. The same was given in and read. It ap- peared from the Report that there had been received, during the year, the sum of £1,851 Is. 8d., and that there had been expend- ed the sum of £1,951 17s. 5d., including interest on purchase money unpaid ; the cost of the additions to the College Buildings being £1,508 10s. 8d. The Synod agreed to receive and sustain the Report, and tender thanks to the committee for their diligence. The Synod farther discharged the committee, and remitted to the College Committee to take steps for visiting all the congregations, which have not yet contributed to this important object, and re- newed their instructions to Presbyteries to co-operate with the College Committee in this matter. Hamilton, 1858, p. 8. — The Synod then called for the Report of the committee appointed on the Act of Incorporation for Knox College. The report was given in by Mr. Kemp, convener, who detailed the proceedings of the comuiittee, and the various steps taken for having the proposed Act of Incorporation passed into law. After full discussion, the following motion was agreed to : The Synod receive the report of the committee, tender their thanks for the diligence they have shown in the matter committed to their care ; re-appoint said committee with the addition of Mr. M. Y. Stark, minister, and Messrs. A. Jeffrey, A. Fraser, and A. Mitchell, elders ; and with reference to the points they have sub- 223 mitted to the Synod for consideration, approve of the alterations which they have made in the Act, and instruct them to endeavour to get said Act passed into law without delay. 25. — College Finances. 1858, pp. 17-18. — The Synod then proceeded to call for the Report of the College Committee. The same was given in by Mr. Gregg, convener. After discussion, the following deliverance was agreed to, viz. That the lleport be received and sustained, and in view of the paramount importance of the Theological Seminary to the welfare of our Church and country, adopt its recommendation for the ap- pointment of a day of special pi-ayer on its behalf; and further, that the thanks of the Synod be tendered to the Rev. Dr. Burns and the Rev. D. Fraser, for their energetic and successful efforts in Great Britain and Ireland on behalf of the College Building Fund, and to the Colonial Committee of the Presbyterian Church of Ireland, and of the Free Church of Scotland, as well as to chris- tian friends in these countries, and in England, for their liberal donations to this Institution. The Synod also would express their thanks to the convener and members of the committee for their diligence and regret to find that the income of the College has not yet met the necessary expenditure, and again urge upon Presby- teries and office-bearers of the Church the necessity of increased contributions, and remit to the College Committee to be appointed the consideration of any special measures that may be required to liquidate the present arrears on the ordinary College Fund. The Synod further appoint the first Sabbath of November as a day of special prayer throughout the Church in behalf of the College. The College Committee was appointed. — Extract from Report. — 1858. 1858, p. 43. — It belongs also to the committee to Report that the debt on the building has been very considerably reduced during the past year. Upwards of £2000 have been paid on account of building and improvements. The whole amount now due on the original purchase is £2,678, on which interest is payable at the rate of 6 per cent. The principal is payable in January, 1 SG2, or at any time previous, as the Synod may wish. For the reduction 224 made on the debt, the committee is chiefly indebted to the contri- butions received in Scotland and Ireland by Dr. Burns, and in England, by Mr. Fraser. Among the contributions thus received, the committee desire to notice as deserving of special gratitude, grants of £200 stg. by the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland, and £300 stg. by the Colonial Committee of the Pres- byterian Church of Ireland. Toronto, 1859 pp. 12-13.— The Synod called for the Reportof the College Committee, which was given in by Mr. G-regg, conve- ner of the committee, and read. It was agreed to receive the Report, and proceed to consider the different clauses of the Report seriatim. Thereafter the following resolutions were severally adopted : — 1. With reference to the recommendation anent the class Of Sacred Rhetoric, it was resolved, that the Synod learn with satis- faction that additional attention has been given to the instruction of the students of Theology in the department of elocution or pul- pit delivery, and appi'ove of the students being still invited to attend upon the weekly instraction given in so important a branch of learning. 2. With reference to Esegetical Theology it was resolved, that the students of the second Theological class, as well as of the first, be enjoined to attend the lectures on Exegetical Theology. 3. With reference to Hebrew it was resolved, that a com- mittee bo appointed to take into consideration the subject of the teaching of Hebrew, and to confer with the Professors and report to the Synod ; the committee to consist of Messrs. Topp, Clark? Cheyne, Dr. Irvine, Mr. Gregg, Mr. Geikie, Mr. McLaren, and Dr. Bayne, ministers, and Messrs. Court, McMurrich, and Ross elders, — Mr. Topp, convener. 1859, p. 14. — The Synod then resumed consideration of the Report of the College Committee. With reference to the missionary labours in which many of the Students are engaged within the bounds of the various Presbyteries, it was agreed that the recommendation of the College Committee be approved, and that Presbyteries be instructed to be more strin- 225 gent in securing to students a reasonable time for the exclusive prosecution of their studies. The Synod proceeded to consider that part of College Report bearing on the finances of the College. It was moved by Dr. Bayne, and seconded : — That a committee be appointed to investigate the state of the College Funds, and to ascertain generally the amount of debt due by the Synod in connection with its various schemes, and to report to the Synod at its present sitting. With permission of Synod, Principal Willis read a letter from Mr. Hirschfelder with reference to his mode of teaching Hebrew. The letter was ordered to be transmitted to the committee ap- pointed to consider the subject of imparting instruction in Hebrew to the students of Knox College. 1859, p. 16. — Thereafter the Synod proceeded to take up the remaining portion of the Report of the College Committee. In amendment to motion previously made by Dr. Bayne for a committee to ascertain the state of the College Fund, it was moved by Mr. S. C. Fraser, and seconded by Mr, J. K. Smith : — That the Synod deem such committee unnecessary, as they have every confidence in the report of the auditors, and in respect to the legacy of the late James Gibb, Esq., appoint that in accor- ance with the recommendation of the College Committee, the same be included in the current income and expense account. On a division the motion of Dr. Bayne was carried, and the Synod appointed the committee. 1859, pp. 18-19. — The committee appointed to investigate the state of the College Fund, presented a Report. The same was given in by Mr. George Davidson, and read. The following motion was unanimously adopted : — The Synod receive the Report of the Finance Committee, and approve of their diligence ; express their highest approbation of the manner in which the accounts of the Church have been kept by Mr. Reid ; approve of the recommendation of the Report, and appoint a committee to be called the Select Finance Committee, p 226 who shall be the advisers of the Agent in the management of the various funds passing through his hands, and without whose sanc- tion no money shall be borrowed from any of the schemes of the Church for the temporary relief of another, and that not to a larger amount than 81200 ; the committee to consist of Messrs. Gregg, and Topp, ministers, with Messrs. McMurrich, Blaikie, and C. S. Patterson, — Mr. Gregg, convener. Remit also to this committee to consider the best method of keeping the Accounts of the Church, and report to the next meeting of Synod. Further, considering the large deficit in the ordinary College Fund, appoint a committee to consider what steps, if any, it would bs desirable to take to extricate the College from its pecuniary difficulties, and to confer with the Professors and report to a sub- sequent diet. 1859, p. 23. — Mr. Topp, convener of the committee appointed to consider the matter of the instruction of the students in Knox College in Hebrew, and to confer with the Professors, reported that the committee having met several times and having had full deliberation on the subject, were unanimously of opinion that no changes should be made in the teaching of the classes in College till satisfactory arrangements shall have been made for meeting that change, and that as the committee are not prepared in the meantime with any definite proposal, the Synod be recommended to postpone any further action in the matter in present circumstances. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed to receive and sus- tain the Report. 26. — An Act to Incorporate Knox College. 22 Vict. Cap. 69. Assented to 22na July, 1S5S. WHEREAS a Theological Institution has been for some time, and is now in operation in Toronto, in this Province, under the authority of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada : And whereas the property now held in trust for the said institu- tion has been acquired from persons who granted or conveyed the same for the purpose of creating an educational establishment, wherein the Theological principles and doctrines of the Presby- terian Church of Canada should be taught, and the said Synod 227 has petitioned the Legislature for an Act to incorporate the said Institution, under the name of " Knox College" ; And whereas it is expedient to comply with the said Petition : Tlaercfore, Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and Assembly of Canada, enacts as follows : 1. James Gibb, of Quebec ; James Court, John Kedpath and the Reverend Alexander F. Kemp, of Montreal ; John R. Dickson and James Stewart, of Kingston ; George Hay, of Ottawa ; Andrew Jeffrey, of Cobourg ; William Heron and the Reverend Thomas Lowry, of Whitby ; Donald McLellan, James Osborne and the Reverend David Tnglis, of Hamilton ; Morris C. Lutz, of Gait ; Charles Allan, of Elora ; Alexander D. Ferrier, of Fergus ; Andrew Sniith, of Woodstock ; William Clarke and the Reverend John Scott, of London ; Archibald Young, of Port Sarnia ; George Brown, Christopher S. Patterson, the Reverend Michael Willis, D. D., and the Reverend William Reid, of Toronto, and all and every such other person or persons as now is or are or shall at any time hereafter be ministers of the Presbyterian Church of Canada or members of the said church in full communion therewith, shall henceforth be a body corporate under the name of " Knox College," and shall continue to be a body corporate, with perpetual succes- sion, and a common seal, and with the powers vested in corporate bodies by " The Interpretation Act," and also with power under the said corporate name, and without license in mortmain, to hold all property now held by the said Institution, or by any one or more persons in trust for the benefit of the said Institution, and to purchase, acquire, have, take, hold and enjoy, by gift, grant, conveyance, devise, bequest, or otherwise, to them and their suc- cessors, any estate or property, real or personal, to and for the use of the said College, in trust for the promotion of theological learn- ing and education of youth for the holy ministry, under the author- ity and according to the principles and standards of the Presbyte- rian Church of Canada aforesaid, and also with power to let, convey or otherwise dispose of such real or personal estate, from time to time, as may be deemed expedient, with the written consent of the Synod ; Provided always that such real estate so held by the said College hereby incorporated, shall be such and such only as may 228 be required for the purposes of college buildings and offices, resi- dences for the professors, tutors, students and officers, with gardens or pleasure grounds pertaining thereto ; Provided also, that the said College may acquire any other real estate, or any interest therein, by gift, devise, or bequest, if made at least six months before the death of the party making the same, and the College may hold such estate for a period of not more than three years, and the same or any part or portion thereof or interest therein which may not, within the said period, have been alienated and disposed of, shall revert to the party from whom the same was acquired, his heirs or other representatives ; and provided also, that the proceeds of such property as shall have been disposed of during the said period, may be invested in the public securities of the Province, stocks of the chartered banks, or other approved securities, for the use of the said College. 2. It shall be lawful for the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, at its next ordinary meeting after the passing of this Act, to declare, by a resolution or a By-law to that effect and record in the register of proceedings of the said Synod, the Theological doctrines and principles which shall be taught in the said College, or what are the books and documents in which the said principles and doctrines are contained ; and such declaration so made and record- ed shall be irrevocable in so far as the said College shall be concerned, and shall be held at all times thereafter to contain the Theological doctrines and principles to be taught in the said College, and for the propagation of which the property now held for the said Col- lege, or hereafter acquired for the same, shall be appropriated, and to no other. 3. And the said Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada shall have power at its next or any subsequent meeting, to appoint and remove Professors and Tutors in such way and manner as to them shall seem good ; and shall also have power to make rules and by-laws for the government of the said College, and to alter, amend and annul the same and make other rules instead thereof, and also to constitute a Senate for the said College, with such powers as they may deem from time to time expedient ; Also to constitute a board of management for the financial aud other affairs 229 of the said College not otherwise provided for, in such manner and with such powers and under such conditions as to the said Synod shall from time to time seem expedient ; Provided always that such by-laws, rules and regulations be not contrary to this Act or repugnant to the laws of this province. 4. In case the body of Christians known under the name of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, shall at any time or times hereafter, under that or any other name, unite itself with any other body or bodies of Presbyterians adhering to the principles and doctrines mentioned in the declaration to be made according to the second section of this Act, or in the books and documents therein mentioned as containing the said principles and doctrines, or take such other body or bodies of Presbyterians into union with itself, and in case such united body of Presbyterians shall agree to hold and shall hold a Synod once or oftener in each year according to the manner now in use in the said Presbyterian Church of Canada, then and in every such case this Act shall apply to such united body of Presbyterians under whatever name they shall have formed such union, and all rights, powers and authorities by this Act vested in the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada shall be vested in and apply to the Synod of such united body under whatever name or designation such united body may be known. 5. In case the said Presbyterian Church of Canada or such united body as aforesaid shall determine to form itself into two or more Synods, and to form one General Assembly which shall have supreme jurisdiction in such Church or united body, then all the rights, powers and authorities by this Act vested in the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, or in the Synod of such united body as aforesaid, shall be diverted from the said Synod and be applied to and be vested in such General Assembly ; and for the purposes of this Act such General Assembly or Supreme- Court shall thenceforth exclusively exercise all the rights, powers and authorities conferred by this Act on the Synod of the Presby- terian Church of Canada. 6. This Act shall be deemed a Public Act. 230 27. — Declarations of Principles. 1859, p. 27. — The Synod in accordance witli the terms of the Act pusscd last session of the Legislature for the Incorporation of Knox College,at this its first session after the passing of the Act, resolved and declared. — That the principles and doctrines to be taught in Knox Col. lege by the Professors and Tutors, or other persons who shall from time to time, and at all times hereafter, be employed or appointed in giving instruction in the said College, shall be such and such only as arc consistent with and agreeable to the ' Confession of Faith,' the ' Larger and Shorter Catechisms,' and the ' Form of Church Government,' all which are called ' The Westminster Standards,' and shall comprise all theological learning consistent with the said Standards ; Provided always, that the said ' Confes- sion of Faith,' be understood and taken with the explanatory note thereto, agreed upon by the Synod of the Pi-esbyterian Church of Canada, met at Toronto in the year of our Lord, 1854 : Provided also, that the said ' Westminster Standards ' be taken and under- stood with such other, or further directions and rules as to Church government, discipline or worship, as may from time to time be prescribed or ordained by the Synod of the said Presbyterian Church of Canada, with the concurrence of a majority of the Pres- byteries of the said Church, to be ascertained in such manner as the Synod shall prescribe, and that such regulations and rules be duly recorded in the minute book of the said Synod, and signed by the Moderator and Clerk for the time being of such Synod. The Synod further instruct their Clerk to register this resolu- tion and declaration in the records of the Synod and in the public Records of the City of Toronto. 28. — Regulations for the Government and Administration of Knox College. 1859, p. 28.— Mr. A. F. Kemp, in behalf of the committee appointed at last meeting of Synod, presented a Report with reference to regulations for the government and administration of Knox College, according to the powers granted in the Act of Incor- poration, which had now received the Royal assent. — 22 Vic. Cap. 69. 231 The Synod received and sustained said Report, and sanctioned ad interim the regulations contained therein, instructing Presby- teries to consider said regulations and report to the Synod nest year. (Approved of as follows by the Synod at Hamilton, 1860.) (1.) Board of Management, 1. There shall be a Board of Management, composed of thirty- five persons, ordained ministers and elders of the Church, of ■whom seven shall bo a quorum for the transaction of all business. The said Board shall be annually appointed by the Synod, and its mem- bers shall hold office until their successors be appointed. They shall appoint their own Secretary and Treasurer, who shall keep records and accounts which shall be open to the inspection of the Synod. The Chairman of the Board shall be appointed annually by the Synod, and in the event of no such appointment being made, or, of the death, removal, or resignation of said Chairman, his place shall be supplied by the Board itself. 2. The Board shall be convened, by the Chairman, at least three times a year, and at such time, and in such manner as may be determined by the Synod or by the Board itself. 3. The Board shall have the whole management of the financial affairs of the said College, shall receive and disburse all its moneys, keep and manage all its property, and transact all its business relating to property and money committed to its care, by the Synod or otherwise, and shall exercise all the powers, in regard to property and money, vested in the Corporation of Knox College, by the Act 22 Vic, Cap. G9. In cases where special instruction shall be given by the Synod, in writing under the hand of their Clerk, it shall be the duty of the said Board to act according to such instructions. 4. The Board shall receive annual Reports from the Senate in reference to the departments under the care of said Senate, and shall transmit the same to the Synod along with a Report on all matters entrusted to said Board, and an audited balance sheet of the property and financial affairs of the College. 5. The Board shall further take general cognizance of all mat- 232 ters pertaining to the interest of the College, and co-operate with the Senate in maintaining its discipline. They shall also take charge of the Boarding department of the College, and make such regulations for its management as they may see fit, and shall ap- point all subordinate servants and dismiss and remove the same as they shall see fit. 6. The Board shall have power to appoint an acting subcom- mittee with such powers as they may deem requisite. 7. The Chairman of the Board shall have charge of the Corpo- ration Seal, shall affix it to such documents as he may be direc- ted by the special instructions of the Board. (2.) The College Senate. 1. The Principal and Professors of the College, together with seven members of Synod, shall be annually appointed by the Synod as a " College Senate," to whom shall be entrusted the recep- tion, academical superintendence, and discipline of the students, and of all other persons within the said College. The Senate shall take a general inspection of the whole internal arrangements of the College, and of the studies of the students, and shall place said students in that year of the Curriculum to which they may be certified by Presbyteries, or by such other body as the Synod may determine, and shall have charge of the Library and Museum. 2. The Senate shall at the close of each College Session, hold an examination of the student, and present to the Board of Manage- ment a Report on the studies of the classes, and on any other mat- ters under its supervision. (3) Principal of the College. 1. The Title of the Principal shall be—" The Reverend the Principal of Knox College." 2. He shall preside in all meetings of the College Senate, and summon such meetings at stated or convenient times. In the unavoidable absence or inability of the Principal, the senior Pro- fessor shall summon and preside at necessary meetings of the Senate with the consent of the other Professors. In case of a division, the Principal shall only have a casting vote. 3. He shall preside at the public opening and closing of the College Session. 238 4. He shall be the medium of comraunication with, and conduct the official correspondence of the College Senate. 5. He shall have a general superintendence of the studies of the students in accordance with the instructions of the Senate ; it being understood that the other Professors shall be responsible only to the Synod for the discharge of the duties entrusted to them. (4) Appointment of Professors and Tutors. 1. That no person shall at any time be employed or inducted in- to office as a Professor of Theology who is not at the time of his employment or induction an ordained Minister of the Presbyte- rian Church of Canada; and if a Licentiate shall at any time be appointed, he shall before induction, be ordained to the Holy Min- istry in the usual manner by the Presbytery of Toronto, or by a Commission specially appointed for that purpose by the Synod ; and all persons if any, who shall be appointed or employed as Tutors, shall at the time of their entrance into office be members of the said Church in full communion therewith, and that said Professors and Tutors shall sign the Formula appointed to be signed by Ministers, &c., of the Church. 2. That all Professors and Tutors who shall hereafter be appointed or employed in the said College, shall be appointed by the said Synod at its ordinary annual Session, or at any special meeting of the said Synod to be called for the purpose of making such ap- pointments or appointment by notice from the Moderator of Synod for the time being, to be sent to each member of Synod at least fifteen days before the day appointed for such special meeting, such appointment to be made by open vote of the majority of members present at the Sederunt of the said Synod at which the appointment shall be made, or in such other manner as the said Synod shall from time to time by resolution determine and direct to be pursued in making such appointments ; Provided always, that any such Professor or Tutor may resign, or may by the said Synod be removed, suspended or deposed from office, according to the laws of the Church, and in case of any such Tutor resigning or ceasing to be such as aforesaid, or in case any such Professor being removed or being deposed from the Ministry in due process 234 of discipline, sucTi Tutor or Professor so resigning, ceasing to be a member, or being removed, or deposed as aforesaid, shall ipso facto cease to be a Professor or Tutor in the said College, and cease to have any emolument or privilege belonging to the said College, and his office shall be vacant. (5) Of Sessions ; and Admission and Attendance of Students. 1. The Session or Academical year shall commence on the first "Wednesday of October, and end on the first Wednesday of April. There shall be such recess at the end of December as may be fixed by the Senate. 2. No person shall be entitled to rank as a student who has not been certified to the Senate by some Presbytery of the Church, and who has not signed the Album of the College and agreed to submit to its discipline in such form as may be determined by the Senate. 3. Every student shall at the end of each Session apply to the Professors on whose instructions he has attended, for certificates attesting the regularity of his attendance, his proficiency, diligence and general conduct, which certificates shall be presented to the Presbytery of the Church, by whom the said student may be ex- amined for license or for entrance upon the next year of the Cur- riculum ; and before any Student shall be taken on trials for license, he shall present to his Presbytery a certificate from the Senate signed by the Principal, attesting that he has attended all the classes and performed all the duties required by the Church. 4. Cases of an urgent or peculiar nature of attendance on, or absence from the classes of any particular year shall be adjudged upon by the Senate according to the circumstances of each case. (6) The Curriculum. The Curriculum of study shall be such as may at any time be determined by the Synod, and for the present is for the Thcogical course : — 1. First year — Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion; Senior Hebrew; Church History; Study of New Testament (Greek.) 235 2. Second year — Systematic Theology; Church History; Her- menotitics and Biblical Cristicism ; Exegesis. 3. Third year — Systematic Theology ; Hermeneutics and Bibli- cal Criticism ; Exegesis ; Pastoral Theology. The Synod remitted to the Senate to report as to the curriculum in the literary or non-theological course. Toronto, 1859, 31. — The Synod appointed the following as the Board of Management of Knox College for the present year, viz. : J. Bayne, D.D.,R. Irvine, D.D., B. Boyd, D.D., Messrs. D. McKuar, D. Ingiis, R. F. Burns, A. C. Geikie, A. Topp, W. Reid, W. G-regg, R. Ure, J. Laing, J. M. Roger, J. W. Smith, John Smith, A. Wilson, W. McLaren, J. K. Smith, T. Wardrope, J. B. Duncan, D.Wardrope, W. B. Clark, A. F. Kemp, J. Crombie, T. McPherson, J. Scott, J. Ross, ministers; and Messrs. G. Davidson, A. Jeffery, A. McAlister, J. L. Blaikie, "W, Kerr. J. Court, W. Clark and Andrew Smith, elders, — Mr. Gregg, Chairman. The Synod also appointed the following to be assessors in the College Senate, viz. : Messrs. A. Topp, M. Y. Stark, W. Reid, W. Gregg, R. Ure, ministers, with Messrs. Blaikie and Jefifery elders. The Synod granted leave to the Board of Managers of Knox College to meet at any time between this and next meeting of Synod, such meeting to be called by the Chairman of the Board. The Report of the committee appointed with reference to the debt on Knox College Ordinary Fund, was called for and given in by Mr Kemp, convener. The Report having been read, it was, on motion made and seconded, unanimously agreed. — That the Synod having heard the Report of the committee to enquire into the state of the College Finances, receive and adopt the same and resolve — That an office be provided in the College buildings, for the business of the Agent and the Editor of the Record, and that an amount equal to the cost of said office be put to the credit of the ordinary College Fund ; that the contribu- tions for the ordinary College Fund be relieved from the expenses connected with the agency ; that the legacy of the late IMr. Gibb, 236 which this Synod receive with gratitude, shall be in the meantime appropriated to the ordinary College Fund, the Synod reserving the power to recall it in more prosperous times for a permanent en- dowment Fund ; that further no efforts be made in the meantime to liquidate the mortgage ; that the Synod also express their gra- tification at the general prosperity of the College Fund, and at the perfect correctness with which its accounts have been kept and its finances conducted. Further the Synod instruct Presbyteries to bring the interests of the College under the consideration of congregations. Hamilton, 1860 p. 24— The Synod called for the Report of the College Board. The same was given in by Mr. Gregg, Chairman. A Report from the Senate was also read, with refer- ence to the several clauses. On motion made and seconded it was agreed : — " That the Synod receive and adopt the report, and in accord- ance with the reccomendation of the Board, appoint the first Sabbath of October as a day of Special prayer in all the congrega tions of the Church on behalf of the College. The Synod re-appointed the College Board as follows, viz : — Principal Willis, R. Irvine, D. D., Messrs J. Gillespie, D. Mo- Ruar, D. Englis, R, F. Burns, A. C. Gaikie, A. Topp, W. Reid, W. Gregg, R. Ure, J. McTavish, J. M. Roger, J. W. Smith, John Smith, A. Wilson, W. McLaren, J. K. Smith, T. Wardrope, J. B. Duncan, D. Wardrope, W. B. Clark, A. F. Kemp, D. Gor. don, T. McPherson, J. Scott, J. Ross, ministers ; and Messrs. G. Davidson, A. McAlister, J. L. Blackie, Sheriff Sherwood, J. Court, W. Clark and Andrew Smith, elders. — Mr. Topp, Chairman. The Synod appointed the following members, to form, with the Professors, the College Senate : — Messr. A. Topp, M. Y. Stark, W. Reid, W. Gregg, R. Ure, J. McMurrich and W. Hunter. 29. — Subjects for Examination of Students by Presbyteries. (1.) For Entrants on Literary Course. Latin, Sallust, Catalina. Greek, John's Gospel and Xeno- phon's Anabasis, Book I. Arithmetic. Geography. History of England, and English Grammar. 237 (2.) For Students entering second year. Latin, Mnoid of Virgil, Book VI. GrccJc, Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Homer's Iliad, Book VI. Euclid, Books I, II, III, IV, Defs. of V and VI. Algebra, to Quadratic Equa- tions, (inclusive.) Latham's Hand-Book to the English Language. Heeren's Manual of Ancient History. Carpenter's Geology. (3.) For Students entering third year. Latin, Cicero, Orationes in Catilinam. Greeh, Acts of Apostles, and Romans. Demosthenes, Olynthiacs. Statics, Cherriman's Dynamics. Geology, Hitchcock's. Whateley's Logic. Reid's Essays on the intellectual Powers, to the end of the Doctrine of Perception. (4.) For Students entering Theological Course. Latin, Horace, Odes, Book 1. Greek, I. and II. Corinthians ; Ephesians. Hebrew, Grammar, part I. Genesis, Chap. 1. to X. Psalms, I to X. Scripture History, Pentateuch. Wayland's Moral Philosophy. Astronomy, (Herschel.) (5.) The second year Theological Students. Latin, Willis's Collectanea Classis Theologica?, 20 pages. Greelc, Galatians, Colossians, Philippians, I. and II. Thessaloniana. Hebrew, Genesis, Chap. XI to XX. ; Haggai, Zechariah. Exeg- ical Theology, Hodge on the Romans, and Moore on the Prophets of the Restoration. Evidences, Butler's Analogy, Alexander's Christ and Christianity. Natural Theology, Paley and Chalmers. Scriptural History, from Joshua to Malachi. (6.) For third year Theological Students. Latin, Willis's Collectanea Classis Theologicae, 20 pages. Greeh, New Testament ad aperturam. Hebrew, Genesis, Chap. XXI. to end. Isaiah, Chap. XLI. to end. Exegetical, Hodge on the Ephesians. Barnes or Alexander, on Isaiah, Chap. XLI. to end. Scriptural History, New Testament. Ecclesiastical History, First four centuries and the Reformation. Mosheim and D'Aubigne. Systematic Theology, Calvin, Turretine, Hill. 30. — King^s College Toronto. Toronto, 1848, p. 31. — The Synod took up an overture respect- ing King's College, when after deliberation the following deliverance was adopted. 238 That this Synod earnestly desire to see the University of King's College freed from its present sectarian management so as to deserve the confidence of the community at large and be available for the general benefit of the youth of this country, and at the same time so constituted as that some sufficient security be provided for the parties occupying chairs therein and placed in the responsible position of instructors of youth, shall be sound in the christian faith, and that their instructions shall be pervaded by sound reli- gious principles. And this Synod further appoint the following members a com mittee to watch over any Bill introduced into the Legislature for the amendment of the Charter of King's College, with authority to petition Parliament respecting the same, and to take any other steps they may see meet for the securing the object expressed in this deliverance, to report to next meeting of Synod, viz : the members of the College Committee, with the addition of Mr. McLean, Mr. Boyd and Mr. Wightman, Dr. Burns to be convener. Toronto, 1849, p, 7. — 'Dr. Burns, in behalf of the Committee on the Bill for the amendment of the Charter of King's College, made a verbal report. The Report was sustained. It was then moved by Dr. Burns, seconded by Mr. McMurray : 1. That seeing that essential changes have been made in King's College by the Legislative Act lately passed, and with the intention of putting the benefits of this literary endowment within the reach of all classes of Her Majesty's subjects in this Province, the Synod resolve to petition for such changes in the internal management of King's College as shall supersede the necessity of a separate literary establishment for our students, and with this view shall name a small committee to hold intercourse with the Commissioners appointed or to be appointed to digest a plan for the adaptation of the studies of that Institution to the present state of this Pro- vince and the necessities of Evangelical Churches ; resolving at the same time to give every countenance to the Toronto Academy as an elementary Institution, and to maintain in vigorous operation our own Institution in its purely tlieological character. It was moved by Mr. Bayne, seconded by Mr. Roger. — 2. That a committee be appointed to consider what alterations 239 in the internal management of King's College would be sufficient to warrant the Synod in reducing Knox College to a purely theolo- gical Institution, to prepare a petition to the Commissioners empowered to make such alterations ; embodying the conclusions to which they may come and to report to the Synod at a subsequent session. After lengthened discussion, the vote was taken, when there voted for Dr. Burn's motion, ^ye; for Mr. Bayne's motion, twenty- eight ; three members declined voting. 3Ir. Bayne's motion was accordingly depiared to be the delive- rance of the Synod. P. 25. — The Synod called for the Keport of the Committee on King's College. Mr. Gale gave in the Report, which was read. After deliberation, the Synod adopted the following resolution : — Sustain and approve of the Report, and adopt its recommenda- tions, and instruct the committee to put themselves in communica- tion with the Commissioners that may be appointed under the amended College Act ; and use every proper means to obtain the alterations recommended by the committee, and the appointment of suitable Professors. Toronto, 1850, p. 29. — Mr. Gale gave in a Report from the Committee on King's College when after deliberation, it was agreed : That these Reports be received and sustained, and that the thanks of the Synod be given to the committee, for the attention which they have given to the matters entrusted to them. That the College Committee endeavour to get such arrangements in the University of King's College, as will answer the purposes of Knox College as they deem best, for the purposes of promoting its objects, and the advancement of the students in the prosecution of their studies. 31. — University of Toronto. Hamilton, 1860, p. 33. — The Synod took up an overture from the Presbytery of Cobourg, on the subject of University College, and the proposal for a division of the Funds of the Uni- versity of Toronto and University College. Mr. Laing was heard in support of the overture. 240 The Synod, on a division, agreed to petition the Legislature against the proposed division of the funds. Dr. Willis dissented. It was further agreed that a committee he appointed to watch over the interests of the Educational Institutions of the Province, especially those brought under the notice of the Synod. It was farther agreed, that the Synod recommend to Presbyteries to take into consideration the proposed changes in connection with the institutions of learning, with the view of petitioning the Legis- lature, if they deem such action necessary. 32 — .SUidents to be Received and Licensed. Mr. Thos. Wardrope. ' Toronto, 1844, p. 21. — Mr. Thomas Wardrope, student of divinity, and teacher of the District School, Bytown, is received as a student for the ministry in this church. CoBOURG, 1845, p. 47. — An application from the congregation at Bytown, in behalf of Mr. Wardrope, student in divinity and catechist was referred to a committee. P. 49. — The Synod called for the Report of the committee on the case of Mr. Thomas Wardrope, student, when the same was read and sustained, and the Synod, in respect of the highly favou- rable testimony borne in said Report, to the varied gifts and quali- fications of Mr. Wardrope, agreed that the Presbytery of Kingston should be allowed to take him on trial for license, with instruc- tions to said Presbytery to expedite these trials, as far as is con- sistent with fidelity in this matter. Messrs. McKinnon, McColl and Wallace. 1845, p. 60. — Leave having been asked in behalf of the Pres- bytery of Toronto to take Messrs. John McKinnon, Angus McColl, and Robert Wallace, students, on trials for license, the Synod, satisfied with the testimonials in their behalf from the College Committee, granted leave. Messrs. McPkerson Sutherland and P. Gray. Hamilton, 1846, p. 75. — An application was made in behalf of the Presbytery of Hamilton, for leave to take on trial for license Messrs. Lachlan, McPherson, and William Ross Sutherland, stu- dents certified as having finished their collegiate course. 241 An application was also made in behalf of the Presbytery of Toronto, for leave to take on trial for license Mr. Peter Gray, also certified as having finished his collegiate course. The Synod heard Mr. Rintoul, convener of the College Com- mittee, in regard to the character and attainments of these young men, as manifested in their examination before the College Com- mittee, and their occupation as catechists : when leave was granted. Mr. Boyd. 1846, p. 76. — The Presbytery of Toronto applied for leave to take Mr. James Boyd on trial for license any time before the next stated meeting of Synod. Mr. Rintoul stated, on behalf of the Presbytery, that the committee had felt disposed at the end of the session in reference to the advanced period of Mr. Boyd's studies and his acquirements, to have recommended him as admissible for license, but that he himself had expressed a desire to study another session at the College : that since the close of the winter session, a strong desire had been expressed to have Mr. Boyd settled in Markham, where he is now labouring as a catechist ; and that the Presbytery are now desirous to be authorised to take him on trials for license any time before the next meeting of Synod, if, on farther examination, they deem it expedient so to do. Leave was granted as sought for. Mr. R. Burns. An application was made in behalf of the Presbytery of Toronto, for leave to take Mr. Robert Burns, student, on trial for license. Mr. Rintoul was heard in support of the application, and stated that the College Committee and Presbytery were alike satisfied as to the maturity of the gifts and graces of Mr. Burns ; that any doubt respecting his fitness for license that was entertained, was on the ground of his age, as he had not yet completed his 20th year, and had not consented to receive license ; that the applica- tion now made originated in a petition which had been presented to the Presbytery of Toronto, from the First Free Presbyterian Congregation of Kingston, and supported before the Presbytery by commissioners from said congregation ; which petition craved the Presbytery to take all competent steps for having Mr. Burns Q 242 licensed as a probationer as soon as might be practicable or expe- dient. The Synod, after deliberation, agreed to refer the case to the Presbytery of Toronto, with instructions to meet with Mr. Burns, and confer with him, and in the event of his consenting to receive license to bring the case before the committee at the au- tumnal meeting. Mr. Black. Toronto, 1848, p. 12. — The Presbytery of Montreal were au- thorised to take Mr. John Black, student in divinity, on trials for license. Certain meetings of the same Presbytery, notwithstand- ino- objections in point of form were sanctioned. Mr. Ball. 1848 p. 17. — The Presbyteiy of Hamilton were authorised to take Mr. William Ball, student in divinity on trials for license. Mr. Duncan. 1848 p. 8. — Leave was granted to the Presbytery of Cobourg to take Mr. James Duncan, student in divinity on trials for license. Mr. Mcllfatrick. 1848, p. 16. — The Synod took up a reference from the Presby- tery of Brockville for advice in reference to Mr. John Mcllfatrick, student in divinity from the Royal Belfast Institution and New College Edinburgh, and now within the bounds of the said Presby- tery.After deliberation the following resolution was adopted. — That inasmuch as it appears that Mr. Mcllfatrick brought no Presbyterial certificate from the Presbytery of the bounds in which he had resided before coming to this country he be directed by the Presbytery to procure such certificate and that the Presbytery of Brockville examine him as to his views towards the Holy Ministry and his experience of godliness, and in the event of their being sa- tisfied that they encourage and assist him in his studies in the in- terim and recommend him to go as soon as possible to Knox Col- leo-e that he may attend the Divinity Hall there at least one Session, Toronto, 1849, p. 7. — The Synod jigreed to take up an over- ture from the Presbytery of Brockville, respecting Mr. Mcllfatrick, student. The overture was read ; and Mr. Boyd and Mr. McMur- ray, were heard in support of the same ; and several certificates in behalf of Mr. Mcllfatrick, were read. 248 The deliverance of Synod, at its session, last year, respecting Mr. McIIfatrick, was also read. After deliberation, the Synod unanimously adopted the following deliverance : — The Synod being satisfied with the attestations given in tavour of Mr, McIIfatrick, both prior to his coming to this country, and since his arrival in it, agreed to dispense with a Presbyt«rial Cer- tificate in his behalf, leaving him to follow out his studies in accor- dance with the directions given respecting him by the Synod last year. Leave was granted to the Presbytery of Cobourg to license Mr. McIIfatrick, by the Synod of 1851. p. 9. Mr. Scott. Toronto, 1849, p. 15. — A petition from the Presbytery of Hamilton, craving permission of the Presbytery to receive Mr. John Scott, student from Knox College, on trials for license. It was stated in behalf of the Presbytery, that they had not yet been able to subject Mr. Scott to the usual preliminary trials on account of his having been removed from their bounds by the Home Mission Committee, but that they would not fail to attend to these. The Synod in respect to the peculiarity of the circumstances stated by the Presbytery, and the general ac({uaintance of members of Synod with Mr. Scott, agreed to allow the Presbytery to take him on trials for license. (See p. 55.) Messrs. Ross, Hudson and Nisbet. The Presbytery of Toronto applied for liberty to take Messrs. John Ross, Andrew Hudson, and James Nisbet, students, who have finished their course at Knox College, on trials for license. It was stated that the Presbytery had subjected the two former students to private trials, and were satisfied with the results ; that Mr. Nisbet was now absent in Scotland ; but was expected to return very soon. The Synod agreed that these three students shall also be admitted to trials for license. Mr. T. Dickson. Mr. Gregg, in behalf of the Presbytery of Kingston, applied for leave to the Presbytery to take Mr, Thomas ^Dickson, a student 244 from Knox College, on probationary trials. It was stated that Mr. Dickson had been certified to the Presbytery, as having finish- ed his collegiate course in Knox College. Leave was granted. • Mr. Swinton. Mr. Leishraan applied for leave, to the Presbytery of Montreal, to take Mr. Robert Swinton, student from Knox College, on pro- bationary trials. It was stated, that Mr. Swinton had finished his course at Knox College — that he we was well known to the Pres- bytery as a diligent student and faithful catechist, and that he had not yet been subjected to the usual preliminary trials only, because of the difficulty that was found in holding a meeting of Presbytery, on account of the present paucity of its members, and the distance of the field of Mr. Swinton's labours, as a catechist, from Montreal. It was agreed that the Presbytery of Montreal should have the leave sought. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed, that inasmuch as that the six students whom the Synod has authorised to be licensed, have all for a considerable period been labouring as missionaries and catechists, they may be allowed to be settled in pastoral charges, if duly called thereto, even within the space of a year from the time of their being licensed. Messrs. Ure, Henning, Troup and J. Gray. Mr. Gale, on behalf of the Professors Court of Knox College, reported, that there were four students, viz. Mr. Robert Ure, Mr. Thomas Henning, Mr. William Troup, Mr. John Gray, concern- ing whom it was thought desirable that they should be admitted to probationary trials, immediately on the close of the next Col- lege Session. The Synod having had satisfactory reports of the good character and maturity of the attainments of these students, agreed that any Presbytery of the Church be allowed to take them on the usual private and public probationary trials, immediately after they have attended another session at College. Messrs. Cameron and Jamieson. Toronto, 1850. p. 14. — The Presbytery of Toronto applied for permission to take Mr. Alexander Cameron, and Mr. Geo. Jamieson, students, on trials for license : — satisfactory evidence 245 haviug been given of their having attended the usual curriculum of study in Knox College, and their having passed through the preliminary trials with acceptance; permission was granted by the Synod. Messrs. Gourlay and Hudson. Similar applications were made by the Presbyteries of Perth and Hamilton, respectively, in behalf of Mr. John Gourlay, and Mr. Andrew Hudson, (6is)students from Knox College, and the Synod having had like satisfiiction in regard to their preliminary trials and curriculum of study, granted permission. Mr, J. McKenzie. 1850, p. 28. — The Presbytery of Cobourg applied for leave to take Mr. William J. McKenzie, student in divinity, on trials for license ; leave was granted. Mr. Alexander. Kingston, 1851, p. 9. — Application was made to the Synod by the Presbytery of Hamilton, for leave to take on trials for license, Mr. John Alexander, student in divinity. The Synod granted leave. Messrs. Smith, Mcllfatrickj McRuar, Chesnut, Fraser, and McDiarmid. On similar applications being made, the Synod granted leave to the Presbytery of Cobourg to take on trials for license Messrs. J. Smith and John Mcllfatrick to the Presbytery of London, to take on trials, Mr. Duncan McRuar ; to the Presbytery of Toronto, to take on trials, Messrs. J. Chesnut and Donald Fraser, A. M., and to the Presbytery of Montreal, to take on trials, Mr. D. McDiarmid. P. 21.— The Synod agreed to allow Mr. Donald Fraser, A. M., to be inducted into a pastoral charge, without being required to labour a year in the missionary field. Mr. McLaren. Kingston, 1852, p. 12. — Application was made to the Synod by the Presbytery of Hamilton, for leave to take on trials for license Mr. W. McLaren, student of divinity. The Synod granted leave. Mr. Tolmie. Application was made to the Synod by the Presbytery of London, for leave to take on trials for license, Mr. Andrew Tolmie, student in divinity. The Synod granted leave. 246 Mr. Blain. Hamilton, 1853, p. 12. — Application was made to the Synod by the Presbytery of London, for leave to take on public proba- tionary trials, Mr. Wm. Blain, student in divinity. Extracts from the records of the Presbytery of London, and also certificates from the Professor of Divinity in favour of Mr. Blain were read. The receipt of circular letters, according to the law of the Church was acknowledged by Presbyteries. The Synod granted leave to the Presbytery of London to take Mr. Blain on trials for license. Mr. G. Wardrope. Application was made to the Synod by the Presbytery of Perth, to take of trials for license, Mr. George Wardrope, student in div- inity. The Synod granted leave. Mr. Black On a similar application, the Synod granted leave to the Pres- bytery of Hamilton to take on trials for license, Mr. James Black, student in divinity. 3fessrs. Laing, Kedey, McMeekin and McKay. The Synod also granted leave to the Presbytery of Toronto to take on trials for license, Mr. John Laing, Mr. Samuel Kedey, Mr. Henry McMeekin and Mr. William McKay, students in divi- nity. Mr. Tait. The Synod, on application from the Presbytery of Cobourg, granted leave to take on trials for license, Mr. James Tait, student in divinity. Mr. Crawford. The Synod, on application from the Presbytery of Perth, gran- ted leave to take on trials for license, Mr. Archibald Crawford, student in divinity. Mr. D. Wardrope. The Synod, on application from the Presbytery of Perth, gran- ted leave to take on trials for license, Mr. David Wardrope, student in divinity. Mr. Nicolson. The Synod, on application from the Presbytery of Montreal, granted leave to take on trials for license, Mr. Nicol Nicolson, stu- dent in divinity. 247 Messrs. Ferguson and Currie. Toronto, 1854, p. 9. — On application duly made, the Synod granted leave to the Presbytery of London to take on trials iur li- cense Mr. James Ferguson, and Mr. Peter Currie, students. Messrs- D. Wardropc, Rennie and Chambers. The Synod also granted leave to the Presbytery of Hamilton to take on trials for license Mr. David Wardrope, (bis). Mr. John Rennie, and Mr. Thomns S. Chambers, students. Mr. Anderson. The Synod also granted to leave to the Presbytery of Montreal to take on trials for license Mr. John Anderson, student. Messrs. McLean and Milloy. Montreal, 1855, p. 14. — -The Presbytery of Toronto applied to the Synod for leave to take on public probationary trials Mr. Alexander McLaren, and Mr. John Milloy, students in divinity. The Synod having heard the certificates of the Professor of Di- vinity in favor of these young men, the Synod granted leave to the Presbytery of Toronto, or to any other Presbytery within whose bounds they may be labouring, to take them on trials for license. Messrs. Murray, McKay, Forest, McRobie, Straith, Young, Cuthbertson, McMillan and Mc Mullen. London, 1856, p. 10. — Leave was granted to the Presbytery of Toronto,to take on trials for license Mr. John Murray, and Mr. John McKay; to the Presbytery of Brock ville and Ottawa, to take on trials Mr. Wm. Forest, and Mr. John McRobie; to the Presby- tery of Montreal, to take on trials for license, Mr. John Straith, and Mr. A. Young ; to the Presbytery of Hamilton, to take on trials, Mr. George Cuthbertson, and John McMillan ; and to the Presbytery of Lonion, to take on trials for license, Mr. "W. T. McMullen. Messrs. Patterson, White, Duncan, Thorn, D. Anderson, J. Cameron, and Blount. Kingston, 1857, p. 9. — Leave was also given to receive on pub- lic probationary trials, the following young men, namely, Mr. N. Patterson, Mr. J. White, Mr. P. Duncan, Mr. James Thorn, Mr. D. Anderson, Mr. J. Cameron, and Mr. J. Blount, students in divinity. 248 Messrs. McDonald, McDlarmid, McLean, and McQueen. Hamilton, 1858, p. 8. — Apylication having beea duly made, and the necessary extracts and certificates having been read, the Synod granted leave to Presbyteries to receive on public proba- tionary trials, viz : Mr. A. D. McDonald, Mr. Archibald McDiar- niid, Mr. Donald McLean, and Mr. Adam McQueen, Messrs. Bremner, McKay, Fraser, Matheson, and Greenfield. Toronto, 1859, p. 8. — On application duly made, the Synod granted leave to the Presbytery of London, to take on trials for li- cense the following students in divinity, viz : — Messrs. George Bremner, Alex. McKay, Alex. Fraser, William Matheson, and James Greenfield. Messrs. Millican, C. Cameron, Robertson, Fenwick, Craw, Campbell, P. McDiarmid, McEwen, Leask, Currie, and Lochead. 1859, p. 9. — Onsimiliar application, leave was granted to Pres- byteries to take on trials for license, Messrs. W. Millican, C. Cameron, James Robertson, Thomas Fenwick, George Craw, Jas. Cami^bell, Peter McDiarmid, John McEwen, Robert Leask, A. Currie, and William Lochead. Mr. McKeracher. Application having been made by the Presbytery of Montreal, for leave to take on trials for license Mr. C. McKeracher, student, who had attended three sessions in the New College, Edinburgh, besides six years in the University, but had not delivered two of the discourses required in the Divinity Hall ; it was moved by Mr. McTavish, and seconded, — That the Synod refuse the appli- cation of the Presbytery of Montreal to take Mr. McKeracher on public probationary trials, till he has attended a session at Knox College, and has delivered the usual discourses. It was moved in amendment by Mr. Kemp, and seconded, — That in all the circnm- stances of the case, and without constituting a precedent, the Synod grant leave to the Presbytery of Montreal to take Mr. McKeracher on trials. On a division, the amendment carried, and the Synod accord- ingly granted the leave applied for. 249 Messrs, N. McKinnon, CouUhard, Fletcher, A. Mathesor. and McCuaig. Hamilton, 1860, p. 12. — On application duly made, the Synod granted leave to the Presbytery of London to take on public pro- bationary trials Mr. N. McKinnon ; also to the Presbytery of Montreil to take on public probationary trials, Mr. W. Coulthard ; also to the Presbytery of Toronto to take on public probationary trials, Mr. D. H. Fletcher, Mr. Alex. Matheson. and Mr. F. Mc- Cuaig, students in divinity. 33. — Preliminary Training of Students. Toronto, 1859, p. 13. — With reference to the preliminary training of the students, the Synod agreed to adopt the recommen- dation of the committee, and in terms thereof to instruct Presbyteries to give more purticular attention to the literary attainments of stu- dents making application to them, and when necessary to send them to Institutions where they may be trained under the care of the Pres- byteries, till they are prepared to enter the College Classes, and further to see that in such cases pecuniary assistance be provided by the Presbyteries, if necessary. 34. — Position of Students in the Curriculum. With reference to the position of students in the curriculum, it was, on motion made and seconded, declared that the power of determining the position of students in the regular course of the College curriculum, is entirely in the hands of Presbyteries. 35. — Students as Catecliists. Kingston, 1851, p. 17. — The Synod then took up an overture in regard to the employment of students as missionaries or cate- chists. The Synod sustained the overture, and agreed to instruct Pres- byteries not to require the labours of students in divinity, in sup- plying vacant charges, more frequently than once in six weeks during the winter ; and that only except in extreme cases, the senior students be called on for such services. 3G. — Students as Evangelists. Hamilton, 1860, p. 12. — The Synod took up a reference from 250 the Presbytery of Brockville, with reference to Mr. Robert Kennedy formerly a student of Knox College, and now engaged in evange- listic labors. The papers in the case were read, and the Rev. A. Melville was heard in explanation of the reference. The two following motions were submitted : — 1. It was moved by Rev. A. Kemp, and seconded by Rev. R. Ure,— That the Synod dismiss the reference and decline to give any deliverance in the case. 2. It was moved by Rev. W. T. McMullen, seconded by Rev. W. McLaren, — That the Synod sustain the reference from the Presbytery of Brockville, and in reply, find that while particularly anxious to guard against throwing any obstacle in the way of Mr. Kennedy'* usefulness, yet this Synod sees no ground to warrant it in sanction- ing Mr. Kennedy as an evangelist in connection with this Church. After lengthened discussion, a division was called for, when a ma- jority were in favour of the motion by Mr. Kemp, in terms of which the Synod dismiss the reference, and decline to give any deliverance in the case. 37. — Examination of Students. Montreal, 1855, p. 10. — The Synod proceeded to take up an overture from the Presbytery of Toronto on the subject of the ex- amination of students. — The overture was read, and several mem- bers of Presbytery heard in support of it. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed that the Synod re' ceive the overture, and, inasmuch as members of that Presbytery in support ot that overture have recomiuerided the appointment of a Board or Boards of Examination, send down the whole subject to Presbyteries, instructing them to report to next Synod what they deem the best means for conducting the examination of the students of this Church, whether by Presbyteries alone, or by a Board or Boards, or by Presbyteries and Board combined. London, 1856, p. 12.— The Synod called for returns from Pres. byteries anent the overture sent down on the subject of the exam- ination of students. The same were given in and read. It appear" 251 ed that a majority of Presbyteries disappro\ed of the proposed Board of Examination. The overture for the appointment of such a Board was accordingly rejected. The Synod appointed a committee to draw up regulations in regard to the examination of students, by Presbyteries, and to report at a subsequent diet. 1856, p. 25. — The committee appointed to draw regulations an- ent the examination of stu lents, presented a report in the follow- ing terms, viz. — The committee on the examination of students, beg to offer as their report the following recommendations : — I. That Presbyteries be enjoined to give attention to the thorough examination of students ; and that no student shall be admitted in any year of his Literary or Theological course, to attend the classes in Knox College, without presenting to the Professors' Court the certificate of the Presbytery by which he has been exam, ined; and further that before a student is examined by a Presbytery, with a view to his receiving the annual certificate, he must have resided for six weeks within the bounds of the Presbytery : unless his own Presbytery testify that he was necessarily prevented from appearing before them — in which case, it shall be competent for a student to be examined by another Presbytery. II. That the College Committee be instructed to draw out and publish for the guidance of Presbyteries a programme for the exam- ination of students, indicating the attainments required from en- trants, also from students in the successive years of the curriculum. III. That Presbyteries be required to report annually to the Synod through the College Committee, on the examination of stu- dents within their bounds. It was agreed to sanction the report and enact according to its recommendations. Toronto, 1859, p. 14. — With reference to the examination of students, it was moved by Mr. Laing. and seconded — That the recommendation of the College Committee be adopt- ed. It was moved in amendment by Mr. Kemp, and seconded by Mr. McMullen, That no change take place in the mode of cxaminins: the students. 252 On a division, Mr. Laing's motion carried, and in terms of it the Synod appointed a committee to consider generally the examina- tion of students, and report to next Synod. Hamilton, 1860, p. 32.— The Synod called for the Report of the committee appointed to consider the subject of the examination of students. The Report was given in by Mr. Laing. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed to send down the Report for the consideration of Presbyteries, with instructions to report their views to the committee before the next meeting of Synod. The Committee was re-appointed. — Report of Committee. P. 32. — Your Committee, after fully considering the subject entrusted to them beg to recommend that a Central Board should be established connected with Knox College to be called The Board for Examination of Students, and without entering into minute details, they would submit the following general sugges- tions : — 1. That the Board shall consist of the College Senate, with one member appointed by each Presbytery — the Board having full power to admit or reject. 2. That when a Student presents himself for examination, he shall bring a certificate from his Presbytery, showing that he has been examined and approved by them. 3. That Students shall be examined by the Board at the begin- ning of each Session, and that Presbyteries be recommended to examine Students at the beginning and end of each Session. 4. That all Students of Knox Colloge shall be thus examined by the Board. 5. That while attendance during all the Sessions of the Theolo- gical course shall be (except in special cases decided by the Synod) obligatory, any person passing a satisfactory examination on the Non-Theological course of study, shall be permitted to enter the Theological classes. The committee would further recommend that this draft be sent down to Presbyteries for consideration, and that Presbyteries be instructed to send in their returns to a committee, to be ap- pointed by this Synod, who shall report to next Synod the opinions of Presbyteries thus obtained. 253 CHAPTER VIII. Benevolent SchexAies of the Church. 1. — Widows' and Orj>lians' Fund. (1). — Institution of the Fund. Hamilton, 1846, p. 73. — The Synod called for the memorial from certain members of the Church in Ancaster, for the establish- ment of a fund for widows and orphans of ministers. The memorial was read, and several members addressed the court on the subject, when, on motion made and seconded, the Synod agreed to express their cordial approbation of the subject of the memorial, and their high sense of the disinterestedness of the memorialists. The Synod appointed the committee on the funds of the Church to consider the scheme, and report some measure for the adoption of the Synod. 1846, p. 77. — The Report of the Committee on the Widows' Fund was read and sustained ; and the Synod approving of the same, appoint the following committee : — Mr. George Smellie, convener ; Mr. Alexander Gale, Mr. Davidson, Mr. J. Burns, with instructions to communicate with a skilful actuary as to the prin- ciples and rules proper for the scheme, and to correspond with Dr. Gordon, convener of the Committee of the Widows' Fund of the Free Church on the subject ; and the Synod in the meantime authorize the committee to take immediate measures for raising a fund by stated subscriptions among ministers, contributions of the friends of the cause throughout the Province, and collections in the Churches — to report progress to the Commission at the meet- ing in autumn. (Nothing was done at the Commission. — Ed.) 254 Kingston, 1847, p. 37. — The Committee on the scheme of a fund for the relief of the Widowsof ministers, gave in a Report, accompanied with the draft of a scheme. The draft was read and considered, after which the following resolution was adopted : — That the Synod approve of the diligence of the committee, and re-appoint them with the addition of Mr. Robb and Mr. Lochead — Mr. Smellie, convener : and in respect to the great importance of the scheme and of accuracy in all its details, instruct the committee to revise the scheme, and print and transmit copies of it to Presbyteries without delay, and the Synod instruct Presbyteries to take the scheme into consideration, and prepare a full report of their judgment on it for the next meeting of Synod Toronto, 1848, p. 17. — Mr. Smellie on behalf of the com- mittee of the scheme of a Widows' Fund gave in a Report, — the same was read and sustained. After deliberation the following resolution was adopted. — That the Synod approve generally of the scheme, remit it to the committee with instructions to avail themselves of any further suggestions in regard to it made either by Presbyteries or other parties — authorise the committee to prepare and send down to Presbyteries such queries as they may judge necessary for direct- ing attention to its provisions especially in obtaining information respecting the disposition of ministers to enter upon the scheme, and instruct Presbyteries to transmit the returns to such queries within three months after the date of the issue of the queries, and in the event of the committee obtaining satisfactory evidence that all the ministers are prepared to enter upon the scheme, the com- mittee be authorised to intimate this fact through the Record and to appoint a collection to be made throughout the Church in behalf of the Fund, the proceeds of such collections and of the payments of ministers to be lodged in the hands of any interim treasurer to be named by them. The thanks of the Synod were given to Mr. Smellie for his dili- gence in this matter. Toronto, 1849, p, 21. — Mr. Smellie gave in a Report on the 255 Widows' scheme and stated that he had received from one Presby- tery, answers to the queries issued in accordance with the direc- tions of the last Synod. A verbal Report was made in behalf of the Presbytery of Hamil- ton, and there was read a report as to the actings of the Presbytery of Toronto in the matter. The Synod agreed to sustain the Report of Mr. Smellie, and tender thanks to him for his diligent attention to the matter, and farther to re-appoint the committee, and remit the scheme to them with instructions to proceed according to the directions of last Sy- nod. Toronto, 1850, p. 25.— Mr. Smellie, in behalf of the Com- mittee on the scheme of a Widows" Fund, reported. — That the Committee had taken no further action in carrying out a Widows' Fund Scheme, as they despair of being able to do so in any effectual way, so long as there is no general fund for the sustentation of the ministry. The Synod after considering the Report, agreed to sustain the same and record their thanks to the committee for the attention formerly bestowed by them on this subject, and appreciating the difficulties presently in the way of a Widows' Fund Scheme, the Synod appoint Mr. Osborne, Mr. McLellen, Mr. Ferrier, Mr. John Burns, Mr. Blain, elders ; Mr. Harris, Mr. Robb, Mr. Chcyne, Mr. McLean, ministers, Mr. Osborne to be convener, a committee with instructions to them to communicate with congregations through their respective office-bearers, and endeavour to interest and engage them in measures for providing for the families of ministers through Life Assurance Societies. (2.) Scheme adopted. Kingston, 1851, p. 12. — The Report on the Widows' Fund Scheme, was given in and read by John Burns, Esq., on behalf of the committee, when it was moved by Dr. Bums, seconded by the Hon. John McDonald, elder, for Gananoque, and agreed. — That the Synod having heard the Report of the committee on a Widows' Fund, and thereafter the statements made by Mr. Fisher, one of the members of the committee, express their cordial satis- 256 faction in the movements of the committee, and return them grate- ful thanks for the attention they have paid to this matter ; approve of the object and general principle of the scheme as submitted, and particularly of the proposal to raise a sum of not less than £2,000 as the foundation of the scheme ; re-appoint the committee with a few additions from the different districts of the Church ; instruct them to meet forthwith and draw up and print a statement of the plan, for the information of the Presbyteries and the Public, in the view of active measures being taken without delay ; and recom- mend that on the special report of the committee being brought before the Synod on an early day, a subscription be commenced among the members of Synod in aid of the proposed fund ; recom- mend also the modification of the plan so as to embrace fatherless children as well as widows. The committee for the ensuing year was appointed. 1851, p. 21. — A report was given in by the Committee on the Widows' Fund. The Synod resolved. — That the scheme should embrace the Children, as well as the Widows of deceased ministers, and that the following scale of rates be adopted, viz : — 1. Each Widow, per annum £25 0 0 2. Each Child under 14, the Widow being alive... 5 0 0 3. Each Child under 14, there being no Widow — 10 0 0 With the understanding that the sum to be allowed each f imily shall not exceed £40 per annum, and that it be left to the discre- tion of the Committee of Management to fix, under this limitation the actual amount which the funds of the scheme will allow ; and that in case the committee shall fix on a lower amount than £40, the distribution to Widows and Children shall be made in the above proportion. It was further agreed that on the payment of the Harris Fund, amounting to about £260, into the hands of the treasurer of the Widows' Fund, Mrs. Harris and all her children shall be placed on the Fund, on the same footing as the Widows and Children of any other deceased minsters. 257 (3.) Rcgulatioitsfor its management. Kingston, 1852, p. 13.— The Synod then called for the Re- port of the Committee on the Widows' and Orphans' Fund Schemee The Report was given in and read by Mr. A. D. Ferrier, in absence of Mr. Fisher, convener. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed to receive the Re- port, and tender the cordial thanks of the Synod to the convener, and committee, for their disinterested zeal and diligence in the im- portant matter entrusted to them. It was also agreed to express the thanks of the Synod to Dr. Burns and others, who have devoted their time and attention to this matter, so intimately connected with the prosperity and pro- gress of the Church. The Synod then proceeded to consider, seriatim, the regulations drawn up by the committee, and submitted to the Synod in their report. Regulations 1st and 2nd were unanimously adopted. After discussion, the 3rd regulation was approved ; the 4th was, also adopted ; the 5th was approved, with the exception of the last clause; the 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th and 11th, were also agreed to. The Regulations, as adopted by the Synod, are as follows, viz.: — 1. Ministers shallforward their annual rate of £2 to the treasurer, on or before the first of November. Ministers falling into arrears, shall pay in addition to the regular rate, 10s. for the first year, 20s. for the second year, and 30s. for the third year ; but failing for four years, they shall be cut off from the Fund. Notice of failure to pay in every case to be previously given. 2. Entrants into the ministry, shall pay their first rate on the first of November next, following their ordination or induction. 3. In the event of any minister ceasing to labor as such in the capacity of Pastor, Professor or Missionary of this Church, he shall no longer (except in the case of infirmity or old age,) have any interest in, or right to, the benefits of the Fund; always providing, that the amount paid by him into the Fund, shall be returned with ^al interest. 4. Each widow or orphan family shall receive their annuity half-yearly, by equal instalments, on the 1st May and 1st Novem- B 258 ber — their warrants in each case for drawing such annuity, being the certificate of the Presbytery Clerk or Minister, or Session Clerk of the congregation to which they may belong. The claim of the widow shall date from the first term following the death of her husband, and the annuity cease at the term next following her death or marriage. The claim of each orphan child shall termin- ate at the completion of its fourteenth year. 5. Payment of Annuities shall be m^de directly into the hands of the annuitants, or of persons duly authorised to act for them, upon production of the certificate of the Presbytery or Session Clerk, in such manner as annuitants may desire. Children's annuities shall be payable to their natural, legal, or authorised guardians, only on the committees being satisfied that such annuities will be ad- mistered with a due regard to the best interest of the children. 6. Ministers coming from other Churches, of the age of 45 years, and under 60, shall not be admitted to share in the benefits of the Scheme, except upon the annual payment of £6 ; nor can any mi- nister of another Church whose age is 60, or over, be admitted. 7. There shall be a treasurer appointed by the Synod, who shall give such security as the committee shall think proper, and who shall receive such renumeration as the committee shall determine, whose duties shall be to receive and manage the funds of the Scheme? invest moneys, pay annuities, subject to the foregoing rules, and lay a full statement of his proceedings annually before the Synod. 8. A Committee of Management shall be appointed from year to year, by the Synod, whose duties shall be to take a general superin- tendency of the Scheme between the meetings of Synod — direct and aid the treasurer in the investment of moneys, or in any other im- portant business — to examine his books and vouchers at the close of the year, and report thereon to the Synod. 9. Presbytery Clerks shall be enjoined to forward,annually, on the 1st January, to the treasurer of the Fund, a list of all the minis- ters within their bounds, their condition, married or unmarried ; also the number and ages of their children, and all changes in their families made by births, marriages, or deaths. 10. The Synod to provide that the operations of the Scheme be more particularly investigated once in five years, or oftener, should 259 there appear' any probability of an inroad on the capital, by unlocked for emergencies, and to provide for the same should they occur. 11. In case any difference or dispute shall arise in relation to the Fund, and its affairs between the Committee of Management and Annuitants, or those claiming to be connected with them, the same shall be determined by Arbitrators mutually chosen. The proposed rates payable to Widows and Orphans, were agreed to, viz : that each Widow having no children shall receive £30 per annum ; a Widow with one child, £35 ; a Widow with two children, £37 10s. ; a Widow having three or more children, £40. A single Orphan shall receive an annuity of £10 ; a family of two Orphans, £15 ; of three, £20 ; and of four, or a greater number, £25. After the age of fourteen, the charge of the children shall not be considered as devolving any longer upon the Fund. The annuity of the Widow, however, shall be for life, or until a second marriage ; but in no case, whatever may be the number of children or their ages, shall the sum allotted to one family exceed £40. The committee for the ensuing year was appointed. (4.) Proviso for alterations. The Synod also elected Mr. John Burns to be treasurer to the Fund. The committee were authorized to consult an Actuary with reference to the Scheme, if they shall see cause to do so. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed that no alteration shall be made in the Regulations now adopted by the Synod, unless notice to that effect shall have been given in the Record, for at least the period of three months before the annual meeting of Synod. (5.) Rev. Mr. Gate admitted 07i the Fund. Kingston, 1852, p. 17. — On a motion made and seconded, it was unanimously resolved, that in order to define the position of Mr- ^Uexander Gale, Principal of the Toronto Academy, in regard to the Ministers' Widows' and Orphan's Fund, the Synod declare, as they hereby do, that, in consideration of his long and faithful services to the Church, which has been so largely benefited by his experience and talents in conducting her business in trying times; 260 in consideration of his whole life having been devoted to her in- terest, and in consideration of his ceasing to be a pastor, (although still continuing to do ministerial duty) by the act of the Church, Mr. Gale is fully entitled both morally and legally, to participate in all the benefits of this Fund. (6.) Rule on Ministers demitting Charges. Hamilton, 1853, p. 25. — The Synod called for the Report of the Committee on the Ministers' Widows' and Orphans' Fund. The same was given in by Mr. Fisher, convener, and read. On motion made and seconded, it was unanimously agreed to sustain the Report, and tender the cordial thanks of the Synod to the convener and committee, for their zeal and diligence; and re-appoint the committee, with the addition of Mr. Irvine, Dr. Holden and Mr. Hay. Thanks were accordingly given by the Moderator, to the convener and committee. The Synod farther unanimously adopted the following resolutions : — 1. That as many congregations have failed to contribute to the Widows' Fund, Presbyteries be enjoined to take immediate mea- sures for bringing the claims of this Scheme before congregations, and also for collecting the outstanding subscriptions. 2. That adhering to the 3rd of the Regulations of last year, the Synod cannot admit that the minister referred to in the Report as having demitted his charge and accepted a literary appointment, can be regarded as having any claim on the Fund beyond the amount he has contributed together with legal interest. (Y.) Congregational Collections urged. Toronto, 1854, p. 22. — The Synod then proceeded to take up the Report of the Committee on the Widows' Fund scheme. After deliberation it was, on motion made and seconded, agreed. — That Mr. Reid be appointed to the oflBice of Superintendent of the Widows' Fund, that fund being assessed for the payment of his salary in the proportion agreed on by the Agency Committee ; that Mr. Reid a,nd Mr. McMurrich be appointed a committee to pre- pare for publication a statement of the condition of the Fund ; and that the General Committee be directed to correspond with Pres- 261 byteries for the purpose of bringing the scheme under their conti- nued notice, and leading them to adopt such measures as they may deem fit for inducing those congregations within their bounds, which have not adequately contributed to this important object, still to do the part which may equitably be expected from them. Montreal, 1855, p. 13. — The Synod then proceeded to take up the consideration of the Report of the Committee on theWidows' Fund. The Report was given in and read by Mr. Reid. It was moved and seconded, and unanimously agreed. — That the Report be received\\nd adopted ; that the thanks of the Synod be given to the committee for their diligence ; that the committee be re-appointed ; and that instructions to Presbyteries be renewed to keep before the various congregations of the Church the duty of increased liberality, with the view of supporting and augmenting the Fund ; and that the advice of an Actuary, in regard to the position and prospects of the Fund, be taken in the course of the ensuing year. London, 1856, p. 21. — The Synod called for the Report of the Committee on the Widows' Fund, The same was given in and read. From the Report it appears that the accumulated fund is now £48-46 10s. Shd. There was also read, a statement from Hugh C. Baker, Esq., of the Canada Insurance Company, with reference to the state of the fund, in which it was stated, that it was absolutely necessary to keep up the annual congregational col- lections. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed. — That the Synod receive and sustain the Report, re-appoint the committee, and tender their thanks to Mr. Baker, instructing the Moderator to transmit a letter to Mr. Baker in this effect. Farther the Synod agree, that, in accordance with the opinion of the Actuary, the annual congregational collections be kept up, and enjoin all Presbyteries, to take steps for bringing, by the visit of deputations, or otherwise, the claims of the Widows' Fund before those congre- gations that have not as yet adequately contributed to it. (8.) Accumulated Fund. Kingston, 1857, p. 10. The Synod then called for the Report 262 of the Committee on the Widows' and Orphans' Fund. The same was given in and read, showing the gross accumulated fund to be now £5358 13s. It was moved, seconded and agreed, that the Keport be received and adopted, and that the thanks of the Synod be given to the committee, and especially to the convener, John Fisher, Esq., for the valuable services which he has rendered to the Scheme since its commencement, and that the committee be re-ap- pointed— James 0'*born of Hamilton, convener. (For a detailed Report see Appendix to minutes, 1857, p. 42.) Hamilton, 1858, p. 22. — The Synod called for the Report of the Committee on the Widows' and Orphans' Fund. The Report was given in and read. It appeared from the Report that the Fund was in a prosperous state, amounting now to $23968. 73, an increase of upwards of $2400, during the year. It was agreed to receive and sustain the Report, tender the thanks of the Synod to the committee, and re-appoint. It was agreed that Mr. T. Alexander, for many years a minister of this Church, should be admitted to the benefits of the Fund on paying the amount of past rates. An application of Mr. McMurray of Brockville, for continued connection with the Fund, was not granted, a similar course having been followed previously. (See 1853.) (For a detailed Report see Appendix to minutes, 1858, p. 41.) Toronto, 1859, p. 30. The Report on the Widows' Fund, was given in and read. From the Report it appeared, — That the receipts for the year has been — from congregational collections $995.85 ; from minister's rate $760 ; from interest, $1, 434.08 ; and from amount of principal falling due, $378.30. The amount paid for annuities was $910; ministers' rates repaid with interest, $342.78 ; and amount invested, $2,658.90. The total am- ount invested in Debentures and Mortgages is £5,824 14s.,making, with balance for investment, a total of £6,383 16s. 4d. On motion made and seconded, the Report was received and sustained, and the committee were instructed to revise the rules and regulations, and report to next Synod any alterations they may consider necessary, giving the required notice in the JRecord. (For a detailed Report see Appendix to minutes,1859, p. 45.) 263 (9.) Proposed Amendment of Regulations. Hamilton, 1860, p. 33. The Report of the Committee on the Widows' and Orphans' Fund was called for. The same was given in by IMr. J. Osborne, convener. On motion, made and seconded, it was agreed to receive and sustain the Report,convey to the committee the thanks of the Synod and remit for the consideration of Presbyteries, the proposed amend- ed regulations. The committee was re-appointed. The Synod took up a memorial from Mr. R. Wallace, formerly minister of the Gospel at Ingersoll, now agent for the French Cana- dian Missionary Society, praying to have his interest in the Widows' Fund continued. It was agreed to grant the prayer of the memor- ial, inasmuch as it appears from medical certific^ites submitted, that Mr. Wallace had been compelled te give up his work for a time, in consequence of infirm health. For detailed report see Appendix 1860, p. 50. From which it appears that the receipts for 1859-60, were $6704.07. and the expenditure S5110.07, there was also invested in mortgages 83760. The whole investments wer'' : County of Middlesex Debeatures $2400 00 " Wellington do 5964 00 Township of Dereham do. 5634 00 Invested in Mortgages 12240 80 In hand 1564 57 Total, 27803 97 The proposed alterations sent down to Presbyteries are. — 1. Ministers shall be admitted to an interest in the Fund on the following terms, viz : — those under the age of 35, shall pay annually 83 ; those who are 35, and under 40, $10 ; 40, and un- der 50, 812 ; 50, and under 60, 824. No minister whose age is 60 or over shall be admitted. Ministers falling into arrears shall pay in addition to the regular rate, 82 for the first year, 84 for the second year, and $6 for the third year, but failing for four years, they shall forfeit all claim in connection with the Fund. 2. The first November in each year shall be the period for the 264 payment of the annual rate. In the case of entrants into the mi- nistry, who may desire to secure an interest in the Fund previous to 1st November, immediately following their ordination and in- duction, they may be admitted on the following terms, viz : if their ordination or induction has been within six months of the 1st November, they shall pay one half-rate; if their ordination or induction has taken place six months or more before the 1st No- vember, they shall pay a full rate for that year. In no case shall any have an interest in the Fund until payment has been made. Ministers who shall not avail themselves of the benefits of the Scheme within four years of their ordination, cannot be admitted afterwards. 3. In the event of any minister ceasing to labor as such in the capacity of Pastor, Professor, or Missionary of this Church, he shall no longer (except in the case of infirmity or old age,) have an interest in or right to the benefits of the Fund ; always provid- ing that one-half of the amount paid by him into the Fund, shall be returned. 4. Any minister who may have, according to the provision of the foregoing regulation, ceased to have an interest in the Fund, and have received back one-half of the amount paid by him into the Fund, and who may again, on resuming his connection with the Church as Pastor, Professor, or Missionary, desire to have an interest in the Fund, may be admitted on re-payment of the amount withdrawn, together with the amount of rates from the time he ceased to have an interest in the Fund until again connected with it ; or he may be re-admitted at an advanced rate, on payment of the sum withdrawn only. The sixth of the existing regulations, it is proposed to cancel, as being now embodied in the second of the proposed regulations. Of course it will be understood that the graduated scale of rates will only apply to those who shall hereafter become connected with the Fund, and not to those now connected with it. 2. — Aged and Infirm Ministers^ Fund. (1.) Fund Instituted. Kingston, 1857, p. 10. — The Synod proceeded to take up an 265 overture from the Presbytery of Toronto on the subject of provi- sion for aged and infirm ministers. The following was the deli- verance of the Synod on this important subject, viz. : — The Synod approve of the overture, and in order to further the object contemplated, resolve, that a committee be appointed to take what measures may to them appear proper, for bringing the subject before the Church, to receive any sum which may be contributed for this purpose, and to draw up such rules as may be necessary for the regulation of such a fund when established, and to report at next meeting of Synod. The Committee was ap- pointed. Hamilton, 1858, p. 26. — The committee was re-appointed and instructed to consider the matter still further and report to next Synod. The same course was adopted at Toronto, 1859. The report will be found in Appendix 1859, p. 45. (2.) Scheme and Regulations adopted. Hamilton, 1860, p. 33. — The Synod up took the Report of the Committee on a Fund for Aged and Infirm Ministers. The same was given in by Mr. Gregg. The Synod also took up, in connec- tion with this Report, an overture on the subject from the Pres- bytery of Montreal, and a memorial from Mr. D. Clarke, formerly minister of Indian Lands. On motion, made and seconded, it was agreed to receive and sustain the Report, and approve, ad interim the regulations sub- mitted, and that the case of Mr. Daniel Clarke be referred to the committee, with instructions, as soon as they have funds, to make such grant as they may deem necessary, and that the usual collec- tion for the Widows' and Orphans' Fund, this year, be divided between that fund and the fund for Aged and Infirm Ministers, and further, that the committee be instructed to mature and bring up complete regulations for the fund, to next ordinary meeting of Synod. The committee was re-appointed. — Report of the Committee. P. 52. — The committee beg to report that they are not yet in a condition to lay before the Synod any thing like a full and complete 266 system of regulations for administering the provision whicli may be made for Aged and Infirm Ministers, and that they can hardly do so, till the Synod determine whether this is to be made by an occasional collection, the whole of which is to be expended, or by a fund such as the Widows' Fund, of which the interest alone is to be used. But while feeling this, and feeling further, that even if the Synod should now determine this point, the experience of some years may be necessary before the regulations can be finally settled, they would submit that meanwhile it should be affirmed by the Synod. — 1. That no one be admitted to share in this provision who enters the Church after the age of 55. 2. That no one share in it who has not laboured five years in this Church. 3. That the sum received from this source shall not exceed S200. 4 That when application is made to have a minister relieved by such fund the committee deal with the congregation which he has last served, in order to arrange the amount which he is to obtain from said congregation ; and that in fixing the amount which he shall receive from the Synod, respect be had to the action of such congregation, and the family and necessities of the pastor. 5. That respect be had to the length of his services in the field. But whether the Synod is prepared to determine the form in which the provision is to be made, or to affirm the forego- ing resolutions provisionally, the committee would respectfully press on the Synod the absolute necessity of immediate action, to provide for the relief of such cases as do exist or may occur, and the committee would suggest that one of the ordinary collec- tions be devoted this year for the object, and that they be autho- rized to meet pressing cases pending the action of next Synod. 3. — Collection for sufferers hy fire at Quebec. CoBOURG, 1845, p. 44 — A letter from Mr. Clugston, of Quebec, was read stating that the duties devolved on him by the recent awful conflagration in that city prevented him from being pre- sent that is meeting. Mr. Clugston stated that his congregation •^ere to have a prayer meeting on behalf of the Synod. 267 P. 55. — The Synod had their attention directed to the awful conflaiiration which God in his Providence recently permitted to occur in the city of Quebec, through which a vast amount of property has been consumed, many lives have been lost, and mnl- titudes of our fellow subjects rendered houseless and destitute ; When it was unanimously resolved to recommend to all congregar tions of this Church to make collections in behalf of the surviv- ing sufferers ; such collections to be made on Sabbath, the 29th June, or earliest convenient Sabbath thereafter : and ministers to improve the dispensation of Divine Providence and call forth the liberality of the people in appropriate discourses. The collections as soon as made to be remitted to Alexander Simpson Esq., Quebec. CHAPTER IX. Synodical Collections. Toronto, 1844, p. 12. — It was agreed that the Commission shall give their attention to a scheme of the various objects for which funds are required by the Synod, and the best mode of raising the same. Hamilton, 1844, MS. Minutes of Commission, p. 12. — It was agreed that the Presbytery of Cobourg be appointed to pre- pare and report to the Synod at the next meeting a scheme of the various objects requiring stated contributions from congregations that the scheme may be recommended to congregations. Toronto, 1844, p. 18. — The Presbytery of Cobourg, in con- formity with an injunction of the Commission, produced a Report on the various objects requiring stated contributions from congre- gations, and on the best mode of raising these ; and the same having been read and considered, was sustained. And the Synod, 268 agreeably to its recommendations, unanimously resolved : That stated collections be made for the following objects : — First, for the Synod Fund ; secondly for the Educational Scheme ; and thirdly, for the Home Mission Scheme ; — and that all ministers and Sessions be enjoined to make these collections. And with a view to regularity, the Synod recommend that these collections be made as far as practicable, on stated Sabbaths in each year, viz : — That for the Synod Fund, on the first Sabbath immediately before the annual meeting of the Synod, or before the minister in any particular congregation shall leave home to attend said meet- ing ; that for the Home Mission Scheme, on the first Sabbath of October, and in the present year the earliest convenient Sabbath thereafter; and that for the Educational Scheme, on the first Sabbath of February. — Ministers to give notice of these collections in due time, and endeavour to stir up their people to increased liberality. The Synod farther recommend ministers and Sessions to give their people an opportunity of contributing to the India Missions, and the Jewish Mission of the Free Church of Scotland^ believing that in this way a missionary spirit may be cultivated amongst them, and they brought to recognize the privilege as well as the duty of aiding in extending the kingdom of the Redeemer throughout the world. CoBOURG, 1845, p. 60. — The Synod appoint John Redpath, Esq., Montreal, to be General Treasurer for receiving and remit- ting the collections thus made to Scotland ; and the Synod also remit to the Commission to take such steps for addressing the people on the duty and privilege of making liberal ofierings for this and the other christian enterprises in which the Church is en- gaged, as to the Commission may seem expedient. The Synod agreed to renew the injunction passed at the 3rd session of October last, for annual collections in behalf of Home Missions, the College, and the Synod Fund — such collections, with the collection for the Missions of the Free Church, to be made as far as practicable in all congregations according to the following scheme : — Collections for Foreign Missions of Free Church of Scotland, September 7, 1845. For the Presbytery's Home Mission Fund, 269 December 7, 1845. For the Theological College, March 1, 1846. And for the Synod Fund, May, 31, 1846. Hamilton, 1846, p. 82. — Mr. Burns gave in the Report on the Funds of the Church, and the same was read ; whereupon, on motion made and seconded, it was unanimously agreed that the Report be sustained ; that the diligence of the committee be com- mended, and that the Report be re-committed with instructions to the committee to complete their digest of the accounts for publica- tion, including the account of the Visitation Fund ; as also to pro- pose forms and directions for keeping the accounts of the various funds of the Church ; that the Synod adopt the conditions sug- gested by the committee in regard to the grant for Church build- ing, and appoint the same to be carried into effect. 1846, p. 87. — The Synod resolved that funds for meeting the ordinary expenses of the Synod and other contingences, heretofore raised by a general collection, shall for the ensuing year be raised by a small assessment, to be made by the Committee on Public Accounts, with a due regard to the ability of every several congre- gation and notified by a circular early in January next. The Synod agreed that four collections shall be made in all con- gregation and mission stations for the ensuing year, according to the following scheme : — For the Foreign or Jewish Missions of the Free Church of Scotland, — on the first Sabbath of September. For Knox Col- lege,— on the first Sabbath of December. For the Home Mission of each particular Presbytery, — on the first Sabbath of March. For the French Canadian Missionary Society, — on the last Sab- bath of May. Committees were appointed to charge themselves with notifying and looking after these collections. Kingston, 1847, p. 38. — The Synod agreed that three collec- tions shall be made in all congregations and mission stations for the ensuing year, according to the following scheme : — For the Foreign or Jewish Missions of the Free Church of Scot- land— on the first Sabbath of October. For the Home Mission Scheme— on the first Sabbath of January. For the Synod Fund on the last Sabbath of April. 270 Toronto, 1848, p. 31. — The Committee on Public Accounts reported a series of resolutions on the subject of the Funds and Public Collections. The same was read and approved of and the Synod resolved accordingly. 1. — That the Agent of the Sustentation Fund shall also be Agent for the General Schemes of the Church, whose duty shall be to correspond with congregations and Presbyteries, and endeavour to keep before them their duty to the funds — to see, that their collections are regularly made, — to make up a statement of all the collections received during the year to submit to the Synod, — shewing who have and who have not made the required collections, and generally to do his best endeavours to bring out the liberality of the people to the schemes of the Synod. The said Agent to be paid a portion of his salary by each of the schemes in proportion to the portion of his time devoted to each. 2. — That it be enjoined on Presbyteries to see that all the congregations and stations within their bounds are regular in taking up the collections ordered by the Synod, and to give every assistance in their power to the Agent of the Church when his duty brings him within their bounds. 3. — That collections be taken up in all congregations within our bounds according to the following scheme during the ensuing twelve months : — For the French Canadian Missionary Society, on the first Sab- bath of September, 1848. For the Synod's Home Mission Fund, on the first Sabbath of December, 1848. For the Synod Fund, on the first Sabbath of March, 1849. For the Foreign Missions, on the first Sabbath of June, 1849. And that the collections and subscriptions for the College be remitted to the Treasurer or Agent, on or before the first of May next, and that the Agent as soon as appointed shall use diligence in bringing up arrears of all the Funds. Toronto, 1849, p. 23.— Mr. Davidson on behalf of the Com- mittee on Funds gave in a Report which was read and approved and the thanks of the Synod rendered to the committee. Resolved. — That the Synod approving generally of the recommen- dations of the committeere spectiug the stated collections through- 271 out the ensuing year agreed to remit the Report to the Agency Committee to be afterwards appointed instructing them to deter- mine the best way of raising the funds for the arrears of tlie salary of the Agent, and to fix the time for the general collection, — and the Synod farther agreed in reference to the wants of weak con- gregations, as brought out by the overture from Perth, under con- sideration in the afternoon session, and the petition from Gatineau, to authorise the Agency Committee to determine the best way for raising funds for the current year for weak congregations ; and, to correspond with Presbyteries on the subject. Toronto, 1850, p. 28. — Mr. Davidson on behalf of the Com- mittee on Finance gave in a Report which was read and sustained. 1850, p. 30. — On motion made and seconded, it was agreed, — That four collections be made in all congregations, and at mis- sion stations, during the ensuing year, according to the following scheme, viz : — French Canadian Mission, on 1st Sabbath of September. Synod's Home Mission Fund, 1st of December. Synod Fund, 1st Sabbath of March. Foreign Missions, Free Church, 1st Sabbath of June. And PresbjTteries are earnestly enjoined to use their best endea- vours, aye, and until some general Synodical plan for the sus- tentation of the ministry, or aid of weak congregations, be in operation — to promote and establish within their own bounds, aa they may severally see fit, funds for the sustentation of the minis- try, or for the aid of weak congregations, and report to the next meeting of Synod. Kingston, 1851, p. 20. — Mr. Shaw, convener of the Committee on Finance, gave in the Report of that committee, and of the Com- mittee on Synodical Collections. The same having been read, was unanimously adopted, and in terms thereof, the Synod appointed four Synodical Collections during the year, viz. — French Canadian Missionary vSociety, on 3rd Sabbath of July. Ministers' Widows' Fund, on 3rd Sabbath of October. Synod Fund, on 3rd Sabbath of January. Foreign Missions, Free Church of Scotland, on 3rd Sabbath of April. 272 Kingston, 1852, p. 17. — The committee on Finance gave in a Report which was read and sustained. 1852, p. 26 — The Synod appointed the following quarterly col- ections to be made during the year, viz. : — For the French Canadian Missionary Society, on the 3rd Sab- bath of July. For the Buxton Mission and Synod Fund, on the 3rd Sabbath of October. For the Foreign Missions of the Tree Church, on the 3rd Sabbath of January. For the Ministers' Wi- dows' and Orphans' Fund, on the 3rd Sabbath of April. The Synod renewed the instructions given last year to Presby- teries, to see that all congregations within their bounds give due attention to these collections. The Synod agreed to recommend to Presbyteries to take steps for the formation of Missionary Associations in the various con- gregations of the Church. Hamilton, 1853, p. 14. — Mr. A. D. Ferrier reported on behalf of the committee on Finance the report was sustained. 1853, p. 20. — The Synod appointed the following quarterly col- lections to be made during the year, in all the congregations of this Church, viz : For the French Canadian Missionary Society, on the 3rd Sab- bath of July. For the Buxton Mission and Synod Fund, on the 3rd Sabbath of October. For the Foreign Missions of the Free Church, on the 3rd Sabbath of January. For the Ministers' Wi- dows' and Orphans' Fund, on the 3rd Sabbath of April. The Synod renewed the instructions of last year to Presbyteries, to see that all congregations within their bounds give attention to these collections. The Synod also instructed Presbyteries at an early meeting after the present meeting of Synod, to enquire whether any congrega- tions have neglected the schemes of the Church for the past year, and adopt prompt means for having such neglect remedied, and also to report to the Synod at its next meeting such congregations as continue to neglect the stated collections. Toronto, 1844, p. 12. — The Synod appointed the four quar- terly collections to be taken up with same order as last year. 273 Montreal, 1855, p. 24. — The Synod appointed the four Quar- terly Collections to be taken up in the usual order. The Synod also ordered the contributions for the College to be taken up and remitted, in the course of the months of January and Februai-y. London, 1856, p. 25. — The stated collections were appointed in the following order, viz.. Collection for French Canadian Mis- sionary Society, on 3rd Sabbath of July. For Buxton Mission and Synod Fund, on 3rd Sabbath of October. For Foreign Mis- sions, on 2nd Sabbath of January, and for Widows' Fund, on 3rd Sabbath of March. The SynoJical Collections for 1857 — 8 — 9 were appointed, in the usual order, Hamilton, 1860, p. 34. — The Synod appointed the Quarterly Collections as follows, viz : — For Colportage Scheme, on 3rd Sab- bath of July. For French Canadian Missionary Society, .on 3rd Sabbath of October. For Synod Fund and Buxton Mission, on 2nd Sabbath of January. For Widows' Fund and Fund for Aged and Infirm Ministers, on 3rd Sabbath of March. CHAPTER X. Union with other Presbyterian Churches. 1. — Union with the Preshytery of Niagara. Toronto, 1844, p. 15. — A committee was appointed to confer with a deputation from the Presbytery of Niagara, who were in attendance, to negociate with the Synod respecting a union with the Synod. 1844, p. 19, — The Report of the committee for conferring with the deputation from the Niagara Presbytery, was called for and read, and it is as follows ; — s 274 The committee beg leave to Report, that after much friendly communing and inquiry as to the principles and procedure of the Presbytery, they are enabled to state that that body consists of seven ministers, having the charge of fifteen congregations ; that they hold, in common with ourselves, the Westminster Confession of Faith as their Standard ; and as a Presbytery, maintain and uphold its doctrines in what is usually termed the Calvinistic sense? holding fast by the great cardinal doctrines of the divine sovereign- ty, the decrees of election, and the imputation of the righteousness of Christ, as distinguished from the views which, on account of their extreme character, are usually styled Antinomian and Ar- minian ; in all matters connected with the admission of members, the administration of discipline, and the ordination of ministers, their practice is substantially the same with our own, and that of the Free Church of Scotland. They do not question the obliga- tion of civil government as such, to honour Christ as the King of Kino-s, and the Governor amongst the nations ; although on the propriety of the Church's accepting endowments from the State, in the present divided state of the Church and its relationship to the world they have great difficulties, and in submitting this informa- tion the committee earnestly recommend to the Synod that mea- sures should be adopted for immediate co-operation with the Presbytery in all matters of common interest relative to the eon- version of souls, that copies of the protest and resolutions on which the protest was founded should immediately be forwarded to the Presbytery, and quoad ultra that a committee be appointed to attend their next meeting with power to arrange such terms of union as may be agreeable to that presbytery, to be submitted to the Synod at the next meeting, for their approval. Dr. Blanchard and Mr. Close, ministers, a deputation from the Presbytery, were introduced ; and severally addressed the Synod at considerable length. Thereafter several members of Synod spoke, when, on motion made and seconded, it was unanimously agreed. That the Report be sustained and adopted, and that the Synod record their sense of gratitude to the Great Head of the Church for the visit from this deputation, and their purpose to carry out the recommendations of the committee. 275 The Moderator communicated this resolution to the deputation and on his call, the Synod and congregation engaged in singing a part of the 122nd Psalm, and Mr. Bayne offered up prayer and thanksgiving. 1844, p. 28. — The Synod appointed the Moderator, Mr. Gale, Mr. Cheyne, and iMr. Macintosh, a committee to meet with the Niagara Presbytery, and to carry out the recommendations in the Report on that Presbytery, adopted by the Synod at the fourth session. CoBOURG. 1845, p. 41, — The Synod called for the Report of the committee appointed at the meeting in October for meeting with the Presbytery of Niagara; the same was submitted by Mr. Stark, the convener, and read. The Synod approved of the Report, and with a view to removing the hindrances that are at present in the way of a union with that body, recommend that a brotherly intercourse should be kept ep with the ministers thereof by the ministers of this Church ; and that the Presbytery of Hamilton, especially, correspond with this Presbytery, as occasion may oflFer. (Some of the Ministers and congregations united with the Synod but various causes have prevented any further action by them as a Pres- bytery, some of the congregations still exist and are known by the name of American Presbyterians — Ed.) 2—1^)11011 with Synod in connection with Church of Scotland. Toronto, 1844, p 21,— The Committee of Bills and Overtures transmitted a communication from the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland, overturing to this Synod the appointment of two committees to confer and deal with committees on their part : the one for arbi- trating in questions of disputed Church property, and the other for negociating about a re-union with that body. A committee is appointed to draft an answer, and submit the same before the rising of the Synod. 1844, p. 33, — The Synod called for the Report of the committee on the communication from the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in connection with the Church of Scotland, and the 276 same having been produced and read, was sustained ; and the Synod in conformity with its recommendations, resolved as fol- lows : — 1. — That this Synod being desirous of preventing, as far as possible, all strife and unseemly litigation about Church property, and of bringing about a fair and equitable adjustment of claims made on such property, whether it be possessed by congregations of this Synod, or those of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in connection with the Church of Scotland, appoint two committees to act along with the corresponding committees of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in connection with the Church of Scotland, in the hope that some scheme may be devised and arranged by which all disputes regarding Church property may be settled on the principles of Christian equity. The committee for Canada West to be Mr. William Rintoul, ministers ; John McMurrich, James Shaw, and Joseph C. Morri- son, elders. That for Canada East, Mr. Henry Esson, minister; and James Lesslie, John Redpath. and Isaac Buchanan, elders. 2. — That while the Synod hold fast by the testimony they have been privileged to give for the glory of the Lord Jesus Christ, as the sole and Supreme Head of the Church, and for the liberties and rights of his blood-bought people, and while they feel confident that the step taken by the brethren of this Synod, in the recent separation, was warranted and demanded alike by a regard to christian principle and their own frequent, open, and well known avowals ; and while firmly resolved, through grace, to avoid the responsibilities of a connection with the Established Church of Scotland, as at present constituted, yet being anxious to promote the peace and unity of the Church of Christ; they declare their readiness to meet with any of the brethren of the Synod still in connection with the Scottish Establishment, who may be willing to act out practically their own resolutions, and arrange with them such terms of union as may be honourable in principle, and conducive to the glory of the Redeemer : And the Synod, earnestly desirous of being actuated by no hostility but a hostility to error, declare that they cannot, in the meantime, desist from any ministerial services whatever, which they may deem 277 necessary to the maintaining of the truth for which they are called to witness, or to the well-beins; and purity of the Presbyterian Church wliich they are solemnly engaged to uphold, and appoin* a committee to conduct any negociations toward a re-union with the brethren of the Synod in connection with the Church of Scotland, it being understood that the negociations on their part must be in harmony with this resolution. CoBOURO, 1845, p. 47. — The Synod called for the Report of the committee appointed at last meeting to meet with a committee of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland, and treat on re-union with said Synod. Mr. Gale reported that the committee had met. with the Rev. Robert McGill and the Hon. Justice McLean, the cor- respondent committee of the Synod in connection with the Established Church of Scotland, and had lengthened conference with them — that they had found these gentlemen disposed to lay great stress on an Act passed by their Synod declaring the spiritual independence of their Church, but entirely indis- posed to entertain any proposal for dissolving the connection between their Synod and the Scottish Establishment, or alter- ing the designation of the Synod, and had thereupon broken off the conference. The Synod called for the Reports of the committees appointed at last meeting, for treating with correspondent committees of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland, about disputed Church property. No Report was made by the committee for Canada East. Mr- Rintoul, in behalf of the committee for Canada West, reported that they had met by themselves, and agreed on what they deemed equitable terms for settling disputes about Church property ; and had afterwards met with the convener and several members of the committee of the other Synod, and submitted to them what they had prepared as the basis of an equitable adjustment of disputes about Church property ; that this was declined by that connnittce on the ground that the terms of their appointment by their Synod did not allow of their entering into any engagements which would compromise the legal rights of parties adhering to the Synod jsonnected with the Church of Scotland. 278 Hamilton, 18G0, p. 9. — Mr. R. Ure introduced to the Synod, Mr. G. Bell, of Clifton, a minister of the Synod of the Presbyte- rian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland and a member of a committee appointed by that Synod on the subject of Presbyterian Union. The Synod invited Mr. Bell to take a seat with them. Thereafter Mr. Bell addressed the Synod, expressing the desirableness of union among Presbyterians in this Province, on the basis of the Westminster Standards. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed to record the sat- isfaction with which the Synod has listened to the sentiments expressed by Mr. Bell, and the hope that, in the Providence of God, the way may be opened for the union of all Presbyterians in this Province. P. 32. — The Synod took up an overture on the subject of the desirableness of a union of the various branches of the Presbyterian Church in this Province. On motion, made and seconded, it was agreed to approve of the overture, and instruct the Committee on union, already appointed, to hold themselves in readiness for affectionate Christian inter- course with brethren of other branches of the Presbyterian Church, with a view to the removal of obstacles, and facilitating an approach towards a union, in truth and love, with all the members of the Presbyterian family in the land. 3. — Union loith Evangelical Churches. Toronto, 1844, p. 24. — The subject of union with other evan- gelical Churches having been brought before the Synod, it was resolved that any members of Synod who shall be in town on the forenoon of Monday, shall be a committee to meet and deliberate on this subject with the ministers of evangelical Churches in Toronto. CoBOURG, 1845, p. 53. — Mr. Esson having reported — that, as the result of the conference which was held at last meeting of Synod, by a Committee of Synod, with ministers of various evan- gelical denominations of the city of Toronto, an Association has bacn formed for delivering Lectures in that city, in opposition to 279 parvailing errors, and that an extended series of Lectures bad been delivered by different ministers with good effect. The Synod agreed to accord their approbation of such friendly fellowship and communion, as being quite compatible with varieties of ecclesiastical management, and in no respect inimical to the independence of Churches, while it is highly favourable to the advancement of the Saviour's kingdom : and farther, to express their hope that such communion as that implied in the measures described by Mr. Esson, will, by the blessing of God, issue in a still closer relationship, especially in Churches whose doctrine, worship, and discipline are essentially the same. 4. — Union with Orthodox Presbyterians. Hamilton, MS. Minutes of Commission, 1844, p. 13.— The advice of the Commission having been sought as to the course which should be pursued for promoting a union among Orthodox Presbyterians throughout the Province, it was agreed that such union when it can be obtained without the compromise of truth is of the very highest importance, as being most conducive to the interests of the Redeemer's Kingdom ; and that while it is to be prayed for, it is also the special duty of the oflBice-bearers and ju- dicatories of the Church as they may have opportunity to confer with those of other Presbyterian Churches in the Province on the subject of Union for the purpose of mutual explanation and a more perfect understanding of their several views in the matters which have hitherto kept them at a distance from one another. 5. — Union with the United Presbyterian Church. Toronto, 1844, p. 15. — The Synod agreed to a request from a deputation of the Secession Synod of Canada, to be heard this evening. 1844, p. 19.— Mr. Gale introduced Mr. Professor Proudfoot, Mr. Robert H. Thornton, and Mr. John Jennings, ministers, a deputation from the Missionary Presbyterian Synod of Canada, in connection with the United Associate Synod in Scotland. These brethren congratulated the Synod on the position which it had assumed, and expressed their desire for a friendly intercourse 280 between it and the Synod which they represented, and severally addressed the Synod at considerable length, when, on motion made and seconded, and spoken to by several of the brethren, it was unanimously resolved to record the sense of thankfulness to the Great Head of the Church entertained by this Synod on account of the visit of this deputation, as being an earnest of greater union amongst sound Presbyterian Churches in this Province, and to record also the desire of the Synod to cultivate this union, and their purpose to reciprocate the visit by sending a deputation to the next meeting of the Missionary Presbyterian Synod of Canada. 1844, p. 34. — The Synod appointed a deputation to attend the next ordinary meeting of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in connection with the United Secession Church of Scotland, and tender to that body the christian greet- ings of the Synod. (^l.)— Committee on Union appointed. CoBOURG, 1845, p. 47. — The Synod called for the Report of the committee appointed to wait on the Missionary Synod of the United Secession Church in Canada. Mr. Gale reported that that Synod had not yet met, but was to meet next week. The Synod continued the appointment of the committee, with a change of some of the members, willing them, besides tendering to that Synod the christian greetings of this Synod, to express to them the deep conviction entertained by this Synod of the importance and practicableness of Union, on a Scriptural basis, among all the sound Presbyterian Churches in Canada : and the Synod authorise the committee to confer on this subject with any correspondent committee of the Synod of the United Secession Church of Canada. Hamilton, 184G, p. 78. — Mr. Gale, as convener of tlie com- mittee for meeting with a Committee of the United Secession Missionary Synod, on the subject of Union, was heard at great length, and read a written statement of the interviews that had taken place between the two committees. He also stated that the two committees had agreed to certain queries on the practical 281 bearings of the doctrine of the Headship of Christ, to be answered by eacli Committee ; and that the answers were to be interchanged before the meeting of this Synod. Mr. Gale read the answers given to these queries by this Synod's Committee, and reported that they had been communicated to the Chairman of tlie Com- mittee of the Secession Synod, but that no communication had yet been received from that committee. The Synod had length- ened reasoning on the Report ; when it was agreed to resume the subject at the forenoon session of to-morrow. 1846, p. 79. (See. 1847, p. 40.)— The Synod called for the Committee on Union with the United Secession Missionary Synod, which was given in by Mr. Gale. After lengthened reasoning, it was moved by Dr. Burns, seconded by Mr. McLean, and unani- mously agreed to — That the Synod without giving any opinion on the statement of principles drawn up aijid now read by the Committee of this Synod, approve of their diligence, and of the kind and pacific spirit in which all the conferences appear to have been conducted, find that no statement of principles on the part of the Missionary Synod has been given in, and that therefore, the Synod are precluded from coming to any decision on the matter ; therefore renew the committee with instructions to receive any such statement that may be given in, to give it their serious and mature consideration, and to report their opinion respecting the same. The Synod also resolve to record their con- viction of the vast importance of the principle that men, in their national as well as in their individual capacity, are bound to honour God and to regulate their proceedings by the rules of His Word, and that he is King of Nations as well as Head of the Church ; and the Synod have ample confidence in the faithfulness of their committee on this as well as on the other branch of the testimony of this Church, and therefore commend them to the guidance of the Wisdom which cometh from above, which " is first pure then peaceable." Kingston, 1847, p. 39. — Mr. Bayne, in behalf of the Com- mittee on Union with the United Secession Missionary Synod, reported that the committee had received a statement of principles from the committee of that Synod, but had not an opportunity for conference with them on its purport. 282 The Synod sustained the Report, re-appointed the committee with addition of Mr. Robb, and appointed Mr. Bayne to be con- vener thereof. Toronto, 1848, p. 21.— Mr. Bayne on behalf of the Com- mittee on Union with the United Presbyterian Church, made a verbal report and read a copy of the minutes of the joint meet- ing of the Committees on Union of the respective Synods. It was then moved by Mr. Reid, seconded by Mr. Roger : — That the Synod approve of the principles set forth by the com- mittee on behalf of the Church, regret to find that there are very important differences between the views of this Church and the views declared by the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church, yet appreciating very highly the benefits that would accrue to the cause of Christ from union among christians, es- pecially between bodies agreeing in so many points of vital impor- tance as are held in common by this Church and the United Presbyterian Church, re-appoint the committee with instructions to communicate the deliverance of this Synod to the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church, and to follow out such a course as may appear to them most suited to lead to a union on sound and Scriptural principles. It was moved by Dr. Ferrier, and seconded by Mr. Peden. — That the Synod approve of the diligence of their committee in this cause and express their sincere thanks for the long and faith- ful attention they have given to the subject ; and that they now relieve them from this service, and appoint another committee to meet with any Committee of the United Presbyterian Church, with instructions to them to propose that all points regarding the power of the Civil Magistrate should be matters of mutual for- bearance, and to form a Basis of Union to be submitted to the different Synods on the great points of christian doctrine and duty on which they are agreed : and that this Synod pledge themselves that whatever views they may entertain as individuals, on the subject of the magistrates power, they shall not divide the Church by reducing them to practice, and in particular, that they shall act on the principle that it is inexpedient in the present state of the Church and the World for ministers to accept of any aid from Civil Governments. 283 After lengthened discussion the vote was taken when there voted for Mr. Reid's motion, 2G, for Dr. Ferrier's, 5 — one member doclinod voting. Mr. Reid's motion was accordingly declared to be the deliverance of the Synod. From this decision Dr. Ferrier dissented because he conscien- tiously believed several of the principles contained in the statement of the Synod's Committee to be contrary to the Word of God, on which he took instruments iu the Clerk's hands. 1848, p. 28. — Several members having expressed their desire to record their concurrence in the resolution adopted last night by the Synod on the subject of Union with the United Presbyterian Church, as they had been absent when the decision was come to, it was agreed that a paper expressive of their adherence to the same should be left for signature on the table of the Synod. 1848, p. 24. — There was read a letter from the Moderator of the United Presbyterian Church, respecting the publication of the va- rious papers which have been laid before the joint committees or the two Churches. The Synod having considered the same unanimously agreed. — That they could have no objection to the publication on the part of the United Presbyterian Churchof the papers of their committee, but inasmuch as there seems to have been a difference of under- standing as to the object of the documents interchanged, the Com- mittee of the United Presbyterian Church having entered largely into argumentation in support of their views while the Com- mittee of this Synod proceeded on the understanding that they were limited to a simple statement of their views ; the Synod re- solved that they will publish the papers of their own committee with such explanations as may appear necessary. The Synod instructed the Clerk to make a respectful intima- tion of this deliverance to the Moderator of the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church. (2.) Action of Committee suspended. Toronto, 1849, p. 21 — The report of the Committee on union 284 with the United Presbyterian Church was called for. Mr. Bayne reported verbally, that owing to special circumstances no action had been taken by the committee since last meeting of Synod. The Synod sustained the Report, and appreciating very highly the benefits that would arise from union among Presbyterians, continue the committee, with instructions to proceed in such way as may appear most suited to lead to a union on sound and scriptural principles. Toronto, 1850, p. 19. — The Synod proceeded to conference on the petition respecting Union among Presbyterians, and the overture respecting the clauses of the Standards which relate to the Civil Magistrate. Several members stated their views on the subject of the petition and overture. The Conference to be resumed to-morrow forenoon. (Vide p. 14 " On the Standards" for the result of this conference. Ed.) Toronto, 1854, p. 11. — The Synod then took up a memorial from Knox's Church, Hamilton, on the subject of Union with the United Presbyterian Church. In connection with this there was read a series of resolutions passed at a late meeting of the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church on the desirableness of Union with this Church. After lengthened reasoning on the subject to which these docu- ments referred it was agreed to defer the further consideration of the subject until to-morrow morning. The Synod then resumed consideration of the papers on the subject of Union with the United Presbyterian Church. (3.) Union Commiltee again appointed. 1854, p. 12. — After lengthened reasoning it was, without a vote, resolved ; — That this Synod having considered the memorial from the con- gregation of Knox's Church, Hamilton, and the resolutions of the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church anent union between that body and this Synod, express their earnest desire to see that object attained, provided that it can be attained on scriptural principles ; declare their willingness to consider opinions on the 285 question of the lawfulness of State Endowments, without Erastian submission to the State, as a matter of forbearance, but continue to consider the views which they always held, and formerly expressed by their committee on the duty of the Civil magistrate, and the respon- sibility of the nations to God, to be of such vital importance as to demand that they be made a term of ecclesiastical incorpor- ation, and believe the practical effects resulting from the principle referred to, to be of such a character as to render the maintaining of these principles in all their integrity necessary to the best interests of the Church of Christ. And further, that this Synod, while convinced that no union which ignores these principles can be effected, or if effected, can prove beneficial, nevertheless appoint a committee to confer with the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church, and to devise, in accordance with the terms of this deliverance, measures that may conduct to harmony of opinion and action on this and all other points of doctrine and practice which this Church holds vital, and when practicable, to the effecting of a proper and lasting union : — The committee to consist of Dr. Bayne, Dr. Willis, Dr. Burns, Professor Young, Messrs. Donald McKenzie, M. Y, Stark, R. Ure, W. Gregg, R. Boyd, J. M. Roger, J. B. Duncan, D. Fraser, J. Scott, "W. McLaren, ministers, and Messrs. J. Shaw, W. Begg, J. Hall, J. Court, A Smith, W. Heron, W. McMillan, and D. Kennedy — Mr. Ure to be convener. Montreal, 1855, p. 15. — The Synod then proceeded to take up the Report of the Committee, on Union with the United Pres- byterian Church. The Report was accordingly read. It was resolved to take up, in connection with this Report, various petitions which had been forwarded from congregations in favour of Union. These were also read. The Synod then proceeded to discuss the question. The hour of adjournment having come, it was agreed to adjourn the discussion until to morrow afternoon. 1855, p. 18. — The Synod resumed consideration of the subject of Union with the United Presbyterien Church. The following motions were laid on the table : — 286 1. It was moved by Mr. John Ross, and duly seconded, — That the Synod believing that it is its duty to welcome a friendly conference with brethren holding forth to us the right hand of fellowship, and at one with us regarding the grand truths of the Gospel, and the order of the house of God, although differ- ing from us on other points which we deecn of importance as be- longing to the constitution of this Ghurch, and believing farther that such conference would tend to remove mutual misapprehensions, and to promote that harmony of sentiment and affection which mi^ht in due time lead to a lasting union, appoint a committee to confer with any committee appointed, or that may be appointed by our brethren of the United Presbyterian Church, on the subject of Union. 2. It was moved by Mr. Laing, duly seconded, and carried. — That the Synod having heard the Report of the committee on Union, with the United Presbyterian Church, and petitions on the same subject, express their ^eep regret thit owing to a mis- understanding of the deliverance of the Synod last year, the com- mitees of the two bodies were prevented from meeting and thus understanding more perfectly the position of each ; and being ex- tremely desirous to come to a more thorough understanding of that position, declare it as their conviction, that the principal, if not the only hindrance to Union is, that this Synod consider it the imperative duty of officers and magistrates in their public and representative capacity, to legislate and rule in subjection to the authority, and in accordance with the dictates of Revelation, where these are known, — yet appoint a committee to confer with that Church, if they agree to such conference, and in the meantime tender to them their fraternal regards, and recommend friendly intercourse and interchange of good offices between the ministers and office bearers of the two communions. 3. It was moved by Dr. Burns and seconded ; — That the Synod deeply regret the circumstances which have hitherto kept asunder two bodies so nearly at one on great prin- ciples as the Presbyterian Church of Canada and the United Presbyterian Church ; and the members of this Synod cannot but cherish just alarm, lest errors of a dangerous character regarding 287 the nature of Christ's supremacy over the nations, and the res- ponsibility of nations, as such, for the manner in which they deal with the written Revelation of God, have made serious inroads among the ministers and members of that Church in these lands. The Synod appoint a select committee to draw up and print in the Record, a short and well digested declaration of principles as held in the standards of the Church, in oppositiou to those avowed through the accredited organs of the United Presbyterian Church, and the same committee shall hold conference, when desired, with the brethren of other Churches who may harmonize in sentiment with us on such vital matters, and ftirther, that this committee be required, from time to time, to vindicate from misrepresentation the doctrine really held by this Church in its accredited standards, and ia the belief and practice of its members. The vote beiag ciUed for, the second and third motions were put against each other, when the second carried by a majority. The first and second having been put to the House, 22 voted for the first, and 38 for the second, viz. that moved by Mr. Laing, which was accordingly declared to be carried. London, 1856, p. 20. — The Synod then proceeded to take up the subject of Union with the United Presbyterian Church. Mr. Ure, convener of the Committee on Union, introduced to the Synod the Rev. Mr. Skinner, a Deputy from the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church, the Rev. Mr. Proudfoot, another member of the deputation being absent in consequence of indisposi- tion. Mr, Skinner addressed the Synod, expressing the kind Christian regard of the United Presbyterian Church. The Mod- erator at the request of the Court made a suitable reply. Various Petitions in favour of Union were read, viz. from St. Gabriel-street Church, Montreal ; Boston and Milton ; Whitby. The Report of the Committee on Union was given in and read by Mr. Ure. Thereafter it was on motion made and seconded, agreed: — That the Report be received, and its recommendations adopted, and that the Synod express the satisfaction and thankfulness, with which it has heard of the meetings of the Committees of the United Presbyterian Church and our own : tender thanks to the commit. 288 tee for tlieir diligence, and re-appoint the Committee with the ad- dition of Dr. Willis. — The Synod farther resolve to send a depu- tation from this Synod, to the next meeting of Synod of the Uni- ted Presbyterian Church, leaving the selection of the members of the deputation to the Committee on Union just appointed. The Committee was accordingly appointed. — Report of Union Committee. 1856, p. 42. — A considerable part of the time occupied at both sittings, was spent in devotional exercises ; it being felt by members of both committees that much earnest and united prayer was spe cially in place, in connection with their endeavors to discharge the duty devolved upon them by their respective Synods. The Conference at the first sitting turned upon a variety of to- pics, such as the state of feeling on the subject of Union among the congregations of the two bodies, and the grand leading doc- trines of the Gospel, which they profess to hold as common. At the second meeting the question relating to the Civil Magistrate, formed the special subject of consideration ; and after a protracted, though still somewhat general comparison of views upon this point the committee terminated their proceedings by the adoption of the following motion : — That having had lengthened conferences together, in the con- ducting of which the committees have reason to believe that they have enjoyed much of the presence of the Great Head of the Church, they were gratified to find, that, apart from the question pertaining to the power, obligation, and duties of the Civil Magis- trate, they are perfectly at one, on all the great doctrines laid down in the Westminster Confession of Faith. And further, that on the special question above referred to, and the points involved in, or connected with it, such as the exclusive Headship of Christ over his Church, individual liberty of conscience in religious matters, and the obligation of all men, in all relations of life, to be governed by the authority of the Lord Jesus Christ, there was such a measure of harmony of sentiments manifested as to warrant the hope of its being found practicable to frame some declaration on these points, which might bo regarded as mutually satisfac- 289 tory, and calculated to prepare the way for a union of the two bodies: — It was therefore agreed to ask their respective Synods to re-appoint the committees to take additional steps to ad- vance the union of Churches, holding so many great principles in common ; and especially to propose a declaration, which might af- terwards be used as a basis of union, in which the exclusive head- ship of Christ over his Church, together with the freedom of con- science on the one hand, and the duty of all men to be governed in all their private and public relations by the authority of Christ in his Word, on the other, may be fully maintained. Kingston, 1857,p. 21. — On motion made and seconded it was unanimously agreed to request Dr. Taylor of Montreal, and Mr. Ormiston of Hamilton, deputies from the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, to sit as corresponding members of Synod. Dr. Taylor and Mr. Ormiston accordingly took their seats. 1857, p. 31.— The Kev. Dr. Taylor and the Rev. W. Ormiston, delegates from the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church then proceeded to address the Synod. On motion made and seconded, it was unanimously agreed, — That the thanks of the Synod be tendered to these deputies through the Moderator, and that the Rev. J. Scott, and the Rev. T. Wardrope, be appointed to attend the next meeting of the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, and reciprocate the christian greetings of these brethren. The thanks of the Synod were accordingly tendered to the depu- ties by the Moderator. (4.) First Basis of Union proposed. 1857, p. 26.— The Synod then called for the Report of the Committee on Union with the United Presbyterian Church. The Report was given in by Mr. Ure, convener of the committee. The Report contained the following articles, as a Basis of Union, and stated that these had been agreed to by the members of the com- mittees of both Churches : — I. Of the Headship of Christ. We maintain that the Lord Jesus Christ is the only King and 290 Head of his Church ; that the laws by which it is to be governed are contained only in the inspired Scriptures ; that Christ hath made her free from all external or secular authority in the admin- istration of her own affairs ; and that she is bound to assert and defend this liberty to the utmost, and ought not to enter into any such engagements with any party whatsoever, as would be prejudi- cial to it. II. Liberty of Conscience. We maintain that ' God is the only Lord of the conscience,' and that therefore every person ought to be at full liberty to search the Scriptures, for himself, and to follow out what he conscientiously believes to be the teaching of Scripture, without let or hindrance. But if any person, under the plea of liberty of conscience, presumes to disturb the peace of society, or to set aside the lawful authority of the magistrate, or to blaspheme the name of God openly and wan- tonly, or to disturb the public religious worship of his neighbour, we declare that these are abuses, which the magistrate, ought to re- press, both for the glory of God and the public weal. ///. Of the Duties of the Civil Magistrate. We maintain that while the Civil Magistrate, as such, is not an officer of the Church of Christ, and may not therefore assume any ecclesiastical functions, or claim the power to act as an interpreter of the Word of God, or as an administrator in matters spiritual and ecclesiastical, he has yet an important part to act in his official ca- pacity in relation to the Kingdom of Christ ; that it is his duty in his public as well as in his private capacity, to acknowledge the authority of Christ as the Supreme Governor among the nations ; and that in this view, without taking cognizance of offences against morality considered as sins against God, he ought to see that, in aiming to promote the social well-being in subordination to the divine glory, the laws of the land, in their enactment and administration, are avowedly in accordance with the principles of justice and mora- lity inculcated in the Scriptures. At the present time we tliink it necessary especially to declare that he is bound to acknowledge the divine authority of the Christain Sabbath, and to secure to all his subjects their right to enjoy the sacred rest of that day. 291 It was moved by Dr. Bayne, seconded by Mr. McLaren, and carried. " That the Synod find Tvith great satisfaction, that the views of the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church on the great principle that it is the duty of the Civil Magistrate in his official as well as his private capacity, to acknowledge the authority of Christ as the Supreme Governor among the nations, and that in aiming to promote the social well-being, he ought to see that the laws of the land are avowedly in accordance with the principles inculcated in the Word of God, are the same with those of this Church ; rejoice in the prospect thus opened up that a union of the respective Synods may soon be realized ; re-appoint the committee, with instructions to confer farther with the committee of the UnitedPresby terian Church, as to the agreement of their views in respect to the practical appli- cation of the principle referred to, and the prospect there would be of united action in carrying out this principle in the event of a union of the Churches, and report to the next meeting of Synod. 1857, p. 28. — It was moved by Mr. Kemp in amendment to Dr. Bayne's motion, and seconded by Mr. Doak : — That the Synod receive the Keport of the Union Committee ; express their gratification at finding such full harmony on the views of the two sections of the joint-committee on the doctrines and principles, the expression and understanding of which have hitherto kept the United Presbyterian Church and ourselves apart ; declare their adherence generally to the articles in said Report, and adopt them as a basis upon which union may be effected • — re-appoint the committee and remit said articles to them with instructions to mature still further the terms and conditions of union, and report to next Synod ; — and send said articles down for the consideration of the Presbyteries who shall report to the Union Committee on or before the 31st of May next ; recommend in the meantime that the Presbyteries and Sessions of the Church hold fraternal intercourse and conference with the Presbyteries and Sessions of the United Presbyterian Church. After discussion, Mr. Kemp, with permission of the house withdrew his motion, when Dr. Bayne's was adopted by the Synod. 292 Hamilton, 1858, p. 8 — Mr. Scott of London introduced to tlie Synod Messrs. Aitken and Thornton, deputies appointed by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, to wait upon this Synod, their Commission having previously been given in to the Clerk, and read. After a few words of welcome from the Moder- ator, these brethren proceeded to address the Synod and laid before the Synod the resolutions recently adopted by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church on the subject of Union. Thereafter the following motion was unanimously adopted, viz ; — That the thanks of this Court be given to the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, for the appointment of a deputation to this Synod, to convey an expression of their hearty good will towards our Church and its members, and to state their earnest and sincere desire to bring about such a union, as may best give efficiency under the divine blessing, to their united efforts for pro- moting the glory of God, and the interest of the Redeemer's Kingdom. That moreover, the Synod thank the members of the depu- tation most heartily for the manner in which they have discharged their commission, and for the sentiments which they have evinced The Synod sincerely reciprocate the feelings of respect and bro- therly love expressed by them alike towards the members of the deputation individually, and to the Church with which they are connected ; and indulge the fond hope that the efforts of the two Churches to come to a satisfactory ground of union,and to a full unity of principle and of spirit may by the blessing of God, be speedily crowned with success. On motion made and seconded, the Synod engaged in devotional exercises, which were conducted by Mr. Kemp, after singing of the 133rd Psalm. 1858, p. 11. — The Synod proceeded to take up the question of union with the United Presbyterian Church. The Report of the Committee was given in and read by Mr. Ure, convener. It was unanimously agreed to receive the Report of the com- mittee, and tender to them the thanks of the Synod for their diligence, and proceed to consider at length the substance of the Report. The resolutions of the United Presbyterian Church on 293 the subject were also read and several memorials from congrega- tions on the subject of union. — (5.) Resolutions of the United Presbyterian Synod and motions thereon. 1. That this Synod is sincerely and earnestly desirous of union with the Presbyterian Church of Canada and is fully persuaded of the practicability of such union on grounds that will compromise the principles of neither Church, and secure the harmonious ac- tion of both. 2. That this Synod regard the action of the joint-committees as having served a most important purpose in preparing the way for the formation of a basis, on which the union so much to be desired, may be speedily and happily consummated. 3. That the committee be instructed to draw up such basis,' and that that basis shall consist of the great leading principles on which the two Churches are agreed, and shall provide that a full and unfettered forbearance shall be exercised by both Churches on the one point, viz., the Magistrate's power in matters of religion, on which there is confessedly a difference of opinion between the two Churches, although as the minutes of the joint-committees show, not a difference so great as to require, or warrant their pro- longed separation 4. That the basis of union when prepared, and agreed upon by the joint-committees, shall be sent down for the consideration of Presbyteries and Sessions of this Church, with instructions to re- port on the same by month of October, when a special meeting of Synod may be called for their consideration, with a view to an immediate union. 5. That the deputation of this Synod, appointed to attend the approaching meeting of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in this city, be instructed to express the fraternal regards of this Synod towards that Church, and to lay these resolutions before them, and request the re-appointment of the committee to co-ope- rate with ours, in framing the basis of the contemplated union. The following motions were then proposed, viz : — 1. It was moved by Professor Young, seconded by Mr. Mc- Meekin : — 294 That the Synod approve of the Articles drawn up by the joint committee, and rejoice in the prospect of a union with the United Presbyterian Church on a basis which shall recognize the prin- ciples expressed in the said Articles : Further, having learned from the deputies of the United Presbyterian Church who yesterday addressed this Synod, and from the documents which they handed in, that the United Presbyterian Synod, regarding the action of the joint committees as having served a most important purpose in preparing the way for the formation of a basis of union between the Churches, have re-appointed their committee to draw up, in conjunction with any committee which this Church may nomi- nate, a basis of union, the Synod appoint a committee to meet with the committee of the United Presbyterian Church for the purpose, instructing the committee so named to be careful that the basis to be tramed, be in harmony with the principles set forth in the Articles agreed upon by the joint committees. 2. It was moved by Dr. Bayne, seconded by Mr. McRuar : — 1. That the Synod having heard the Report of the Committee on Union with the United Presbyterian Church, and considered the Articles agreed on by said committee in conjunction with the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church, as embodying the opinions of both committees, on the points about which differences between the respective Synods have been supposed to exist, approva generally of said Articles as embodying substantially the views which this Synod are anxious to uphold, with this exception, that in the second Article of the last series of articles agreed upon, there is a reference to " differences of opinion which confessedly exist between the two bodies, particularly on the power of the Civil Magistrate with regard to religion," which is so expressed that it seems to qualify, if not to set aside, the whole of the third Article of the first series — record their satisfaction that so much harmony of opinion on the questions to which these Articles relate, appears to have obtained among the members of the respective committees, and express their opinion, that if these Articles, espe- cially those in the first series, had been explicitly sanctioned and approved by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, a basis of union might in all probability have been framed from thorn, on which a union of the two Churches might have been consummated. 295 II. But the Synod having also considered the deliverance of the Synod of United Presbyterian Church, on the Report of their committee containing the aforesaid Articles, find that no explicit intimation has been given by said Synod, how far they are pre- pared to approve of said Articles, or to make the principles embodied in them a basis of union, and that it is at the same time proposed that a basis of union shall provide that a full and unfettered for- bearance shall be shown towards differences ot opinion, which are not specified, on the point of the magistrate's power in matters of religion — a point which from its obvious and far-reaching relation?, and especially the connection between the power and the duty of the magistrate, embraces the whole question of the duties which the civil magistrate owes to Christ as governor among the nations ; and the Synod in these circumstances feel that the proposal to draw up such a basis of union is premature, inasmuch as they are still left in uncertainty as to what is the nature, or the amount, or the importance of the differences of opinion, to which they are asked to show forbearance. III. The Synod, at the same time, still deeply feeling the desi- rableness of union between the respective Churches, provided such union can be effected without a compromise of important prin- ciples, and anxious, if possible, to remove obstacles to such union out of the way, deem it due to themselves, and to their brethren of the United Presbyterian Church, to state explicitly the position in which the respective Synods appear to them to stand with refe- rence to the points at issue between them, and the principles they are anxious to uphold unimpaired in agreeing to terms of union. IV. With this view, the Synod re-appoint the Committee on Union with instructions to bring, in such form and with such ex- planations as they may deem fit, the following statement before the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church and to request that it may be submitted to the Synod of said Church and made the ground of such an explanatory reply as this Synod earnestly and affectionaly crave. 1. — With regard to the position in which the respective Synods stand, the following facts are submitted ; — (1.) That this Synod still holds unchanged, the principles on 296 the whole subject of the duty, which men in their civil relations owe to Christ as Governor among the nations, which have been held by them from their first formation. (2.) That the Synod, or at least some of the members of the Synod, of the United Presbyterian Church, frankly and explicitly avow, that they hold, to some extent, views of the aforesaid prin- ciples different from those held by this Synod, and which they believe to be more in accordance with the proper meaning of the Word of God. (3.) That the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church have never defined or declared the principles actually held, or allowed to be held, by them on the aforesaid subject. (4.) That in these circumstances this Synod is plainly not in a position to say to what views or principles differing from our own they are asked to show forbearance in order to union ; and cannot be otherwise till an authoritative intimation is given by the United Presbyterian Synod of the views held or tolerated by them on the aforesaid subject. 2. — With regard again to the principles on which the Synod are prepared to enter into union, with the United Presbyterian Church, the Synod would also submit the following explanation : — (1.) That as to one point, a difference of opinion with regard to which has been often erroneously represented as the main, if not the sole hindrance to Union, viz. : the question of the endow- ment of the Church by the State, this Synod are prepared to ex- ercise the fullest forbearance as to any difference of opinion which may prevail between them and the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, or to leave the whole subject, in other words, an open question. (2.) That while the question of endowments need not present any hindrance to an immediate union of the Churches, the prin- ciples which this Synod in contemplating union are anxious to up- hold, and their hereditary testimony for which they seek to be at liberty still to offer unimpaired, are the following, all of them compre- hended under the general subject of the duty which men in their civil relations — including what is for brevity usually termed the magistrate, but by which is properly intended all who, directly 297 or indirectly, determine the legislative or administrative action of a State — owe to Christ. — 1. That it is the duty of the magistrate, publicly and officially to acknowledge and guide himself by the revelation which God has been pleased to give of His will. 2. To confess and bow to the authority of Christ, whom that revelation proclaims to be the Governor among the nations, seeing to it that the constitution, legislation, and administration of the State are based on Christianity. 3. To discriminate between truth and error in making public provision for the education of the young, and to provide that, as far as possible, education shall be based upon, and leavened with sound principles of morality and religion, yet, so as to do no violence to the conscience of any. 4. To recognize in particular the Sabbath, not only as a day of rest, man's need for which may be inferred from natural principles, but as a divine institute, which is to be kept from desecration, on the ground that it is so, whatever may be thought of man's natural right to a day of rest. V. That the committee be impowered, if they shall see cause to call by refjuisition to the Moderator, a meeting of this Synod, at any time before next ordinary meeting that they may deem desira- able, and, if they do not deem this necessary, they shall then rer port to the Synod at next ordinary meeting. 3. It was moved by Mr. D. Fraser, seconded by Mr. J. Ross, and carried. — The Synod approve of the Articles drawn up by the joint com- mittees of the two Churches, as embodying the views, on the im- portant questions therein treated of, which this Church has always been anxious to uphold. Further, the Synod, although embarrassed by the circumstance that the United Presbyterian Synod have not, in their resolutions recently laid upon table, expressed any opinion regarding the said articles ; yet, being assured that they regard the action of the joint committees as having served a most important purpose, in prepar- ing the way for the formation of a Basis of Union, and that they desire the re-appointment of the committee of this Church to co- 298 operate with theirs in forming said basis, now re-appoint the com- mittee for that purpose, instructing them to take heed that the Basis of Union be in harmony with the principles set forth in the articles already framed by the joint committees, and now approved by this Synod; and also to give it frankly to be understood, that this Church cannot, in consistency with its views of truth and duty, treat with unfettered forbearance, all varieties of opinion on the relations of the Magistrate, or of Civil Government to revealed Religon. But, finally, instruct the committee to assure the committee of the United Presbyterian Synod, that this Church is not only willing, but sincerely desirous, to form, without any need- less delay, a union with them on a basis, which, allowing forbear. ance on minor relations or applications of the question, shall dis- tinctly assert the Headship of the Lord Jesus over the nations of the earth, and the duty of the Civil Magistrate to acknowledge and obey the revelation of God's authority in His inspired Word. After full discussion, a division was called for, when on Dr. Bayne's motion, and Mr. Fraser's being put to the house, 18 voted for Dr. Bayne's and 126 for Mr. Fraser's. Mr. Young's motion and Mr. Fraser's were next put to the house, when 14 voted for Mr. Young's motion, and 116 for Mr. Fraser's, 15 declining to vote. Mr. Fraser's motion was accordingly declared to be the decision of the house. Dr. Bayne requested his name to be withdrawn from the Com- mitte on Union. 1858, p. 23. — On motion made and seconded it was agreed that the following additional clause should be added, to the deliverance of Synod on Union viz. — That the committee be impowcred if they shall see cause to call, by recjuisition to the Moderator, a meeting of this Synod at any time before next ordinary meeting, that they may deem desirable, and, if they do not deem this necessary, they shall then report to the Synod at next ordinary meeting. (6.) Report of the Committee on Union 1853. 1858, p. 38. — When your Committee met with the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church, on October 21st, 1857, they 299 proceeded to carry out the remit of the Synod, by inquiring into the practical applications of the principles laid down in the state- ment made to last Synod, regarding the duty of the civil magistrate and the following was the result of the conference, which was also concurred in by the members of the other committee. On the question of State Endowment of Religion, the commit- tee agreed to report to their respective Synods in the following terms. — 1. That the brethren of the Presbyterian Church of Canada hold that there are circumstances in which the State may lawfully accept of them. And that the brethren of the United Presbyterian maintained that the acceptance of endowments is in all cases incon- sistent with the spiritual independence of the Church, and the al- legiance which she owes to Christ her Head. 2. That no specific declaration of opinion on the above ques- tion, or its bearings, is demanded as a term of communion in either of these Churches. 3. They therefore, recommend that in the event of the Churches being united, the same practice, in reference to this question, should still be followed as by the two branches in their separate state, and that the same forbearance should, therefore, countinue to be exer- cised. The second point, viz. The use of the Bible in the common schools, was then considered, and aiter mature deliberation, the fol- lowing resolution was agreed to. — On this point the committee are unanimous in the opinion, that it is highly important that the Bible should be used in the Common Schools of the country, and that the Church should constantly aim at this object. And for the accomplishing of this end, that it is the duty of civil rulers to afford every facility for the use of the Bible in the Common Schools ; and while abstaining from the en- forcement of the use of it on any who may be opposed thereto, to provide that no obstacle shall be thrown in the way of those who may desire to use it. The third point, viz., the appointment of a day of Public Hu- miliation and Thanksgiving by civil authority, was next considered. After mature deliberation, the following resolution was unani- mously agreed to : — 300 On this subject the committee hold that there are times in which days of National Humiliation or Thanksgiving ought to be obser- ved— and that in such cases, in order to secure a general concur- rence throughout the nation, the civil magistrate may, with pro- priety, nominate the day, and recommend the observance of it by all under his rule ; at the same time that he has no right to pres- cribe the religious exercises to be observed. The committee then adjourned to meet again in April, 1858, This meeting was accordingly held on the 14th and 15th days of that month. To meet the wish of the other committee your com- mittee proceeded to consider sundry matters of detail. Before do- ing so, however, the following question was submitted by Dr. Wil- lis and fully considered : Suppose in the United Church it were agreed by a majority of Synod, or Assembly to memorialise Gov- ernment or Legislature, seeking the intervention of civil power in suppressing overt acts of Sabbath profanation, or removing obstacles to the observance of the sacred, day and setting before the civi' magistrate, the obligation of the Sabbath law on the community ; how far would dissent be allowed to be carried out by a minority in opposition to such Synodic action ? To this question the following answer was unanimously concurred in. — That while it is the duty of the civil magistrate to protect the sacred character and obligation of the Sabbath, it is also the duty of the Church to bear her testimony in favor of God's holy day ; which they may do by approaching the Legislature or otherwise as the majority may determine. And that a minority, while per- mitted all equitable liberty, would be understood in this, as in other departments of ecclesiastical government, as bound, in action on dissent, to respect constitutional order, and the received principles of the united body. Questions, regarding the practice of the Churches in admitting to sealing ordinances, and as to bonds or promises securing the pay- ment of stipends, were considered, and a satisfactory understanding was arrived at, showing that in these respects the practice of the Churches is substantially the same. 301 The other matters above referred to, are contained in the follow- ing questions, to which the answers unanimously concurred in by those present are added. — 1. What is the practice of the respective Churches in regard to admission to sealing ordinances, viz : Is or is not, the ordinance of Baptism, dispensed irrespective of attendance on the Lord's Supper? To this question it was answered, the principles and practice of the Churches are substantially the same. 2. What is the practice of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in regard to stipends ? Whether is a promise made to the Church courts, or a personal bond given to secure the payments of the sti- pends ? To this, it was answered, That on this point there is no law, and no uniform practice throughout the Church. The following points of practical arrangements were then considered. — 1. The relation which the United Church should bear to Pres- byterian Churches in the parent countries and elsewhere. 2. The position yhich the Theological Institutions should assume. 3. The designation by which the united body should be known. The answers to these questions were as follows : — 1. That the relations which the United Church shall bear to the Free Church of Scotland, the United Presbyterian Church in Scotland, the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ire- land, and all other Evangelical Churches, be intimate or otherwise, as the Supreme Court may from time to time determine. That all ministers or preachers applying for admission, shall be received on an equal footing, as by law to be enacted. And that all ministers or preachers at the time of the Union having pecuniary aid for missionary or pastoral work from any Foreign Church or Society, shall continue to receive the same till the term agreed on expires. 2. That the Committees recommend that the two Theological Institutions be amalgamated, and all the Professors retained ; and that the Supreme Court determine the special duties of the respec- tive Professors, as well as all other matters of arrangement. 3. That the name of the United Church be " the Canadian Presbyterian Church." The following article was unanimously adopted, to be laid before both Synods. 302 4. In conclusion the Committee would express their conviction that father inquiry into the practical bearing of the principles as enunciated in the minutes of June 4, 1857, is unnecessary, since any differences which confessedly exist between the two bodies, particu- larly on the power of the civil magistrate with regard to religion, are not, as seem to the committees, so great, nor of such a nature, as to prevent cordial co-operation, and may be made, and should be made matters of mutual Christian forbearance. They would therefore recommend to their respective Synods, that the statements contained in the minutes of the joint committees be adopted as a Basis of Union. Toronto, 1859, p. 13. — At this stage of the Synod's proceed- ings, Mr. Ure, convener of the Union Committee, introduced to the Synod the members of the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church, who had come to communicate the decision of the Synod of that Church on the subject of the Basis of Union, (7.) Basis of Union presented by the United Presby terian Synod. Minutes, U. P. Synod, 1859, p. 38. — The Basis is as follows. I. Of Holy Scripture — That the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, being the inspired Word of God, are the supreme and infallible rule of faith and life. II. Of the Subordinate Standards. — That the Westminster Confession of Faith, with the Larger and Shorter Catechisms, arc received by this Church as her subordinate Standards. But whereas certain sections of the said Confession of Faith which treat of the power or duty of the Civil Magistrate, have been objected to, as teaching principles adverse both to the right of priv- ate judgment in religious matters, and to the prerogatives which Christ has vested in His Church, it is to be understood : — 1. That no interpretation, or reception of these sections is held by this Church, which would interfere with the fullest forbearance as to any differences of opinion which may prevail on the question of the endowment of the Church by the State. 2. That no interpretation, or reception of these sections is required by this Church, which would accord to the State any authority to 303 violate that liberty of conscience and right of private judgment, which are asserted in chap. xx. sec. 2, of the Confession ; and in accordance with the statements of which this Church holds, that every person ought to be at full liberty to search the Scriptures for himself, and to follow out what he conscientiously believes to be the teaching of Scripture, without let or hindrance.* 3. That no interpretation or reception of these sections is re- quired by this Church, which would admit of any interference on the part of the State with the spiritual independence of the Church, as set forth in chap, xxx of the Confession. III. Of the Headship of Christ over the Church. — That the Lord Jesus Christ is the only King and Head of his Church : That he has made her free from all external or secular authority in the administration of her affairs, and that she is bound to assert and defend this liberty to the utmost, and ought not to enter into such engagements with any party as would be prejudicial thereto. IV. Of the Headship of Christ over the Nations and the Duty of the Civil Magistrate — That the Lord Jesus Christ, as Mediator, is invested with universal sovereignty, and is therefore King of Nations, and that all men, in every capacity and relation, are bound to obey His will as revealed in His Word ; and particularly, that the Civil Magistrate (including under that term, all who are in any way concerned in the Legislative or administrative action of the state,) is bound to regulate his official procedure, as well as his personal con- duct, by the revealed will of Christ V. Of Church Government — That the system of polity exhibited in the " Westminster Form of Presbyterian Church Government," in so far as it declares a plurality of elders for each congregation, the official equality of Presbyters who minister in word and doctrine, without any officers in the Church, superior to said Presbyters, and the unity of the Church in a due subordination of a smaller part to a larger, and of a larger to the whole, is the Government • The Sjnod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada have made the following additions to this Clause — " Provided that no one is allowed, under pretext of following the dictates of conscience, to interfere with the peace and good order of society." 804 of this Church, and is, in the general features of it therein set forth, beUeved by this Church to be founded on, and agreeable to the Word of God. VI. Of Worship — That the ordinances of worship shall be admin- istered in this Church as they have heretofore been, by the respec" tive bodies of which it is composed, in a general accordance with the directions contained in the Westminster Directory of Worship. Note — That the article having relation to Christ's Headship over the nations, and the duty of the Civil Magistrate has always been, and is, one of the things most surely believed and most firmly maintained by the United Presbyterian Church, while, at the same time, she has constantly and carefully guarded against the practical inference drawn from it by some, that Christ, as King of Nations, delegates his power to earthly Kings — that they are in any sense his vicegerents, or that magisterial interference in matters purely of a religious nature is a medium through which Christ exercises the authority with which, as King of Nations he is invested. — Note. — The Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada have in the Basis as adopted by them, struck out this note appended to the 4th Article by the United Presbyterian Synod. 1859, p. 14. — Mr, Ure introduced Mr. Skinner and Mr. Gibson, deputies appointed by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church to attend this meeting of Synod, their commission having been pre- viously read by the Clerk. These brethren having addressed the Synod, the following motion was unanimously adopted, viz : — That this Synod express sincere gratitude and thanks to the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church for the act of fraternal kindness and christian afi'ection shown by the appointment of the deputies who have now addressed this court. The Synod would also reciprocate the sentiment of esteem, and the expressions of sincere desire for the consummation of the union towards which the two Churches have long and earnestly been striv- ing, and express a sincere hope that the Basis of Union agreed upon by the United Presbyterian Church may, on consideration, be found such as will remove every obstacle to the harmonious and hearty incorporation of the Synods. 305 Messrs. Skinner and Gibson were, on motion made and seconded invited to sit with the Synod. (8.) Basis of Union considered arid adopted. P. 15. — Thereafter the Keport of the Committee onUnion with the United Presbyterian Church was given in and read. Ou motion made and seconded, it was agreed to receive the Report. There were also read various memorials from congregations in favour of Union. There was also read the Basis of Union as adopted by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church. It was agreed that the subject of Union should be taken into consideration at the evening diet of Monday. 1859, p. 19. — The Synod then proceeded to the further consid- eration of the matter of Union. — The following motions were duly submitted : — 1. It was moved by Mr. Topp, seconded by Mr. Wardrope, and carried. — That the Synod having heard the Report of the committee appointed to confer with the Committee of the United Presbyterian Synod on the subject of Union, accept said Report, and record their thanks to the committee for the diligence with which they have discharged the trust committed to them ; and futher, that having had the Basis of Union agreed to by the United Presbyterian Synod laid upon their table, the Synod regard the same as on the whole a satisfactory basis, and one which holds out the prospect of a harmonious and honorable union, and, accordingly, the Synod resolve to proceed to the consideration of the different articles con- tained in that basis. 2. It was moved in amendment by Dr. Bayne, seconded by Dr. Willis :— The Synod having considered the Report of the Committee on Union and the Basis of Union prepared by said committee, in con- junction with that of the United Presbyterian Synod, and also the Basis of Union as adopted by said Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, and laid on the table of this Synod by a deputation from said Synod find : — 306 1. With reference to tbe Report of their own committee, that they can approve generally of the Basis of Union reported by said committee, as correctly embodying, so far as it goes, the views en- tertained by this Synod : but that they have reason to regret that on the question of Christ's Headship over the nations, about which differences of opinion were believed to obtain between the respective Synods, the committee have been satisfied with a simple assertion of the general principle that Christ is governor among the nations, and is to be officially acknowledged and obeyed as such by the civil magistrate, and have omitted all, even the most important applica- tions of this principle, although expected from the terms of their appointment at the last Synod, to include such in the basis prepared ; an omission which has led to the absence of all information on the subject in the document laid on their table by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church and — 2. With reference to the Basis of Union adopted and submitted to this Synod by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, the Synod rejoices to find that it embraces a distinct and explicit assertion of the great principle of Christ's Headship over the nations above referred to, and that in reference to the clauses in the West- minister Confession of Faith, which are sometimes alleged to lay down persecuting principles, it contains nothing to which this Synod could not cordially assent. But at the same time, as no reference is made in said basis to any applications of the aforesaid principle, or any disclaimer given of another principle often held along with it and governing all its appHcations, and once officially avowed by the aforesaid United Presbyterian Synod, namely, that the only duty that the civil magistrate owes to Christianity is to protect the right of conscience in relation to any other form of religion ; and further, as in a note appended to said basis, an article is virtually added to it which may be interpreted in a sense adverse to some applica- tions of it which this Synod deem of vital importance ; the Synod feel that it would be premature to entertain overtures for immediate union, but appoint a committee to bring the above-mentioned omis- sion under the notice of the United Presbyterian Synod, and to take steps for procuring such information as may yet open up the way for a union on terms satisfactory to all parties oonoerned ; and 307 fartlier,with instructions to intimate to said U nited Presbyterian Synod that this Synod is not disposed to insist on including a deliverance, on all the points on which they were seeking information, in the basis on which union may be consummated, if only satisfied that they were agreed regarding them. P. 20. — The Synod proceeded to the further discussion of the Report of the Committee on Union with the United Presbyterian Church, and the motions submitted at the previous diet by Mr. Topp, and Dr. Bayne. After lengthened discussion, a division was called for, when the roll having been called and the votes marked, ninety-one voted for the motion, and twenty for the amendment. 1859, p. 21. — The Synod then proceeded to consider the vari- ous clauses of the Basis of Union as agreed to by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, and laid before this Synod. The first article was read and agreed to. The second article was also read and agreed to with the addition to the second section of the words : — Provided that no one is to be allowed under the pretext of following the dictates of conscience to interfere with the peace and good order of society. The third article was read and agreed to. 1859, p. 23. — The fourth article was read. It is in the fol- lowing terms. — IV. Of the Headship op Christ over the Nations and THE DUTY OF THE CiviL MAGISTRATE. — That the Lord Jesus Christ, as Mediator, is invested with universal sovereignty, and is therefore King of Nations, and that all men, in every capacity and relation, are bound to obey His will as revealed in His Word; and particularly that the Civil Magistrate (including under that term all who are in any way concerned in the legislative or administra- tive action of the State,) is bound to regulate his official procedure, as well as his personal conduct by the revealed will of Christ. Several motions were submitted with reference to this article. 1. It was moved by Mr. J. K. Smith, and seconded by Mr. J. B. Duncan . — That the Synod adopt the article as it stands. 308 2. It was moved by Mr. Wilson, and seconded by Mr. Mac- Mullen : — That the following words be added after " King of Nations," tIz., " and that all nations in their corporate capacity, as well as all men, &c." 3. It was moved by Mr. Middlemiss, and seconded by Mr. Geikie : — That the following words be added at the end of the article, viz. " seeing to it that the constitution, legislation and administra- tion of the State are based on Christianity." On a division being called for, the amendment by Mr. Wilson and that by Mr. Middlemiss were put against each other, when the amendment of Mr. Middlemiss carried. Thereafter this amend- ment was put against the original motion, when the motion was carried, and the Synod in terms of it accepted the article as it stands. With reference to the note appended to the fourth article by the Synod of the Presbyterian Church, the following motions were sub- mitted : — 1. It was moved by Mr. Topp, and seconded: — That inasmuch as this Synod do not deem it necessary to append any note as explanatory of the views expressed in the 4th article, the Synod do resolve to call the attention of the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church to this matter, and to consider whether they shall not see it consistent with their duty to remove the same. 2. It was moved by Mr. Stark, and seconded. — That this Synod does not deem any note necessary to the inter- pretation of the 4th article, and therefore docs not receive or regard it as any part of the Basis of Union. 3. It was moved by Mr. Kemp, seconded and carried. That the Synod does not consider the note appended to article 4th, as a necessary part of the Basis of Union, and, inasmuch as its terms are liable to misconception, and cannot be accepted by this Synod, respectfully represent to the United Presbyterian Synod the propriety of withdrawing said note. On a division being called for, Mr. Kemp's amendment and Mr. Stark's were put against each other, when Mr. Kemp's was 309 carried. Thereafter Mr. Topp's motion and Mr, Kemp's amend- ment were put to the house, when Mr. Kemp's amendment was carried, and was adopted as the finding of Synod. 1859, p. 25, — The Synod proceeded to further consideration of the subject of Union. The following motions were submitted. 1. It was moved by Mr, Wilson, and seconded : — That while this Synod rejoices in the progress made in finding a satisfactory Basis of Union, and in the prospect thus afforded of its speedy consummation ; yet as this Synod has no reliable informa- tion from the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, as to the province of the Civil Magistrate in the practical application of the general principle of Christ's Headship over the nations, con- tained in the fourth article of the proposed Basis of Union, and as such information is deemed necessary in order to a harmonious and honorable Union, appoint a committee to confer with said Synod as to its views on this practical question, 2. It was moved in amendment by Mr. R. F. Burns, and seconded : — That inasmuch as by the almost unanimous decision of last year the Synod stands committed to embodying in the Basis of Union simply the grand principle of national responsibility to Christ, they are not prepared at this advanced stage of the nego- tiation to burden the basis with an enumeration of the varied practical applications of that principle which have been already fully and satisfactorily discussed by the united committees, and respecting which there is, on good grounds, understood to be substantial harmony between both Churches. The Synod, there- fore, proceed to the consideration of the 5th article. 3. It was moved in amendment by Mr. Middlemiss, seconded by Mr. McRuar : — That before proceeding to the consideration of the next article of the basis, the Synod appoint a committee to draw up an article embodying the views of this Synod, in reference to the province of the Civil Magistrate, with instructions to report at the next sederunt. The amendment by Mr. Burns, and that by Mr. Middlemiss, having been put against each other, and that by Mr. Burns carried ; 310 thereafter, the motion of Mr. Wilson, and the amendment of Mr. Burns were put to the house, when a majority supported Mr. Burns' amendment. 1859, p. 26. — The Synod accordingly proceeded to the consider- ation of the remaining articles in the Basis of Union. Article 5th was read and agreed to. Article 6th was read and agreed to. Thereafter it was moved by Mr. McLaren, duly seconded and carried. — 1. That the Basis of Union as a whole be now approved, and transmitted to Presbyteries and Sessions,and that Presbyteries and Sessions, be instructed to report to Synod through the Com- mittee on Union on or before the first day of November. It was moved in amendment by Dr. Bayne, and seconded by Dr. Willis :— 2. That inasmuch as the Basis now under consideration contains no statement on the leading applications of the principle contained in article 4th, or on the province of the Civil Magistrate, within which he is to serve and confess Christ — subjects on which unsound and unscriptural views are often held by those who admit the aforesaid principle itself — a union on such a Basis would virtually involve a compromise of principles for which it has been the distinction and glory of this Church that it has hitherto contended. The motion and amendment having been put to the house, the motion was carried by a large majority ; whereupon Dr. Bayne dissented in his own name, and in the name of such as might adhere to him, for reasons to be in due time given. (9.) Reasons of dissent by Dr. Bayne and others from decision of Synod on Basis of Union. (Minutes of Special Commission, 1859.) We the undersigned, dissent from the decision come to by the Synod at last evening's sederunt, on the subject of the Basis of Union submitted by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, for the following reasons : — 1. That the object of preparing such a Basis of Union being manifestly to provide an assurance that substantial harmony on the 311 important subjects which it embraced obtained among the members of the respective Synods, and to prevent as far as possible, division on said subjects in the United Synod, said basis should have in- cluded a full and explicit statement on the views deemed important on all the subjects introduced, with a view to the attainment of this object : and whereas the basis approved of by the Synod con- tains no declaration on the subject of the leading applications of the doctrine of Christ's Headship over the nations, such as its ap- plication to the question of Sabbath laws, or of the use of the Bible in Common Schools, or of the suppression of open blasphemy, and no definition of the extent or limits of the province within which the civil magistrate is to confess and serve Christ as King — sub- jects on which unscriptural views are often entertained and acted upon by those who profess to hold the doctrine of Christ's Head- ship over the nations as laid down in Article TV ot said basis — the said basis is altogether insufficient for securing the attainment of the very objects for which it was prepared, II. That the approval of said basis characterized by the omis- sions above referred to, implies that unsoundness on the subject so omitted would be regarded as no barrier to membership of a Synod formed by a Union founded on said basis, as, it is plain, such un- soundness could not be consistently made an objection to any one who could only subscribe the same. III. That the fact that no official statement of the views of the United Presbyterian Church of Canada, on the subjects which the subsciibers complain of having been omitted from the Basis of Union approved of by this Synod, was reported by the Committee on Union, or otherwise laid before the Synod, renders the omis- sions complained of more unreasonable, and inexcusable, and indi- cates an inadequate regard to the sacredness of the principles whose assertion and vindication have been left unprovided for. IV. That the consideration illustrative of the serious defects of the basis approved of, contained in the above reason (No. Ill), acquires additional force from the fact the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church did, in the year 1848, cause to be published bytheir authority, and without exception and qualification expressed or implied, views upon the subjects above referred to as omitted 312 from the said basis, which were propounded by a committee of said Synod in conference with a committee appointed by the Synod of this Church, as being the views, according to their belief, of the aforesaid Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, views which are directly at variance with those uniformly held and contended for by this Church, as for example, that " the revelation of Christ's appointment as Ruler" among the nations, "has not imposed upon the civil magistrate any new duties different from those to discharge which he was previously bound ;" that the duty of the civil magistrate in reference to religion " is only to protect every subject in the exercise of the right which God has given him to judge for himself in matters religious, and to act in them accord- ing to his own judgment, so far as not to interfere with the rights of conscience ;" that the recognition of the authority of Revelation is not enjoined in the New Testament on the civil magistrate iu his official capacity, and therefore that its being his duty is "no part of their belief ;" that "so far as the Sabbath is a religious institution, and for religious ends, it does not fall within the pro- vince of the civil magistrate, but so far as regards the natural right of a day of rest, it does fall within his province ;" and " that to provide for the religious education of either old or young is no part of the official duty of the civil magistrate." And farther, that the views thus published in the manner above described have never been repudiated or condemned by any official act of the said United Presbyterian Synod. V. That the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church have naturally and inevitably excited doubts as to the general agree- ment of its members with the views on the subjects omitted from the basis which have been held uniformly by this Church, not only by the publication of the unsound views above specified and not yet repudiated, but also by the fact, that, although committees have been reporting to them for many years, the points on which this Synod desired information as to the views held by the said United Presbyterian Synod on said subjects, no information has yet been given such as can warrant us to decide that their views even closely approximate to our own. VI. That the refusal on the part of the Synod of the reasonable 813 desire of the subscribers, and other members of the Synod now absent, to refer to the said United Presbyterian Synod, for the information necessary, to make plain the actual position occupied by the Tnited Presbyterian Church on the subjects above noticed — a reference which we are bound as Christian brethren to suppose that the uprightness, good faith, and simple-hearted desire for the interests of the truth, by which they are actuated as powerfully as ourselves, would have led them cordially to welcome and frankly to respond to — along with a determination to refuse all specific reference in the basis to those importants points on which information was desiderated, is fitted to excite suspicion among all to whom the principles involved are dear, either that unsoundness in regard to them obtains among ourselves or at least a most melancholy and alarming indifference to their maintenance. VII. That in view of all the circumstances of the case as refer- red to in the above reasons of dissent, the subscribers would regard union upon the aforesaid basis as necessarily involving a dangerous compromise of principle. John Bayne, Michael Willis, A. Constable Geikie, Duncan Mc- Ruar, Robert Irvine, Daniel Gordon, Andrew Wilson, James Middlemiss, Morris C. Lutz. (10.) Answers to Reasons of Dissent by Dr. Bayne and others. The Commission of Synod appointed to answer the Reasons of Dissent by the Rev. Dr. Bayne, and others, from the decision of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, on the Basis of Union submitted by the United Presbyterian Church, have agreed to the following Answers, viz : — I. (1). It is allowed that the object of preparing a Basis of Union " was to provide an assurance that substantial harmony on the important subjects which it embraced, obtained among the mem- bers of the respective Synods, and to prevent, as far as possible, division on said subjects in a United Synod." But in reply to the dissentients it is affirmed that the basis adopted by the two Synods does secure these ends inasmuch as it contains a full and explicit statement of the doctrine of Christ's Headship over the nations, and of the duty of the civil magistrate to regulate his offi- 314 cial procedure, as well as liis personal conduct by the revealed will of Christ — these being the only subjects on which the views held by members of the United Presbyterian Church have been sup^ posed to diflFer from those held by the Presbyterian Church of Canada. (2). As to the matter complained of in this reason, viz : That the basis " contains no declaration on the subject of the leading applications of the doctrine of Christ's Headship over the nations, and no definition of the extent, or limits of the province within which the civil magistrate is to confess and serve Christ as King," it is replied, that it was deemed neither expedient nor necessary to burden the Basis with any such declaration or definition, though in truth, Article IV, of the basis does contain a statement of the province within which the civil magistrate is to confess and serve Christ as King, sufficiently precise and comprehensive in its terms as to embrace the teaching of Scripture on the subject, as well as the recognized faith of our Church. The instructions of last Synod to the Committee on Union were, not to set forth applications of principles, but to draw up a basis in harmony with principles to which the Synod then gave its assent, and which are substantially the same as those contained in the basis now adopted. It was well understood that the application in question had been the subject of long and careful deliberation by the Union Committee of both Bodies, the results of which as reported to the Synod of 1858, were regarded as highly satisfactory, showing that whilst difierences of opinion did exist on the minor relations of the questions at issue, there was yet so subtantial an agreement in regard to their main features and applications between the two Churches, as to afford an assurance that the union, if once efi"ected, would be real and harmonious. The Commission would on this point reply further : That the basis was prepared in the light of, and with special reference to the leading applications of the principles in question, as reported to both Synods in the year 1358, by their respective Committees on Union, and to which neither Synod took any exception. The basis ought therefore to be understood in relation to these applications, comprising, as they do, joint agreements on all points concerning which information is desired by the dissentients. 315 (3). With respect to the allegation contained in the concluding part of reason I., viz : that " unscriptural views as to the appli- cation of the doctrine of Christ's Headship over the nations, and as to the extent of the province within which the civil Magistrate is to confess and serve Christ as King, are often entertained by those who profess to hold the principles laid down in Article IV, of the basis," the Commission reply that they conceive it impossible for any one to subscribe said article in the plain meaning of its words, and yet to entertain or act upon unscriptural views on the doctrine of Christ's Headship over the nations. DifiFerences of opinion may be found to exist in the United Church, as indeed they exist among ourselves, as to the manner in which practical effect is, in certain cases, to be given to these principles ; but it is not believed that among those by whom the Article is honestly subscribed, these differences can be of such a nature, as either to be inconsistent with ecclesiastical harmony, or to invalidate the inte- grity of the testimony borne by the United Church to the truths which the article sets forth. The Synod cannot, in reason, be held responsible for any perversions of such clear and explicit an- nouncements as the basis contains, and can only deal with them as they would deal with perversions of any other important doc- trines when brought up by the ordinary processes of discipline or review. II. The Answers to Reason I. are, in effect, a reply to the state- ments of Reason II, showing, as they do, that the approval of the basis provides an assurance that the persons approving and sub- scribing the same in the plain and obvious meaning of its terms, cannot fail to hold sound views on the leading applications of its principles. But if a case should ai*ise of any one holding or pro- pagating erroneous opinions in regard to any principle which the basis contains, it wouli then not be inconsistent with said basis that such unsoundness should be dealt with in the same way as unsoundness in regard to the application of any other of the doc- trines or principles of our Confession. III. In reply to Reason III. the Commission affirm that, whilst no directly official statement of the views of the United Presbyte- rian Church of Canada has been reported to our Synod, or other- 316 wise laid before it, on the leading applications of the principles ex- plicitly stated in said basis, yet, certain it is that evidence of a satisfactory, if not also of an official kind, has been afforded by the minutes of the joint Committees on Union, as well as by the pub- lic statements of the members of the said committees reported to both Synods in the year 1858. These, taken together with the explicit statement of principles contained in said basis, and approved of by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, were deemed so satisfactory to our Synod as, in their judgment, to render unneces- sary any statements, more official, of said views. The Report given in to both Synods in 1858, included statements in reference to the appointment of days of public humiliation and thanksgivmg, the question of Sabbath Laws, and the use of the Bible in Common Schools : and it is manifest that the meaning intended to be attach- ed to Article IV. of the basis could not in the light of said state- ments, have been misunderstood by the United Presbyterian Synod. Had therefore, the members of that Synod, while giving their assent to said basis, believed at the same time that they could not as a Body, act in substantial harmony with us on the prastical questions above referred to, "we are bound as Christian brethren to suppose that the uprightness, good faith, and simple hearted desire for the interests of the truth, by which they are actuated as powerfully as ourselves, would have led them frankly" to communicate to us this fact. Thus the Commission consider that any demand on our part for additional evidence on these points would be tantamount to an expression of want of confidence in the integrity and good faith of the members of the United Presbyterian Synod. IV. To this reason it might be a sufficient answer that the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada was not called upon to deal with, or in any way to consider the pamphlet here referred to. But the Commission reply that whilst the said pamphlet was issued by the United Presbyterian Synod, in the year 1848, no such sanction seems to have been given to the voluminous statements contained in it, as that these may be taken as authoritative expositions of their views on the subjects which they embrace. So far from that, the United Presbyterian Synod did in regard to said publication declare in the year 1855, " That they do not entertain this notion, (viz : 317 that the Report of the proceedings of said committee as published, is to be regarded as binding upon the consciences of members of their Church) inasmuch as the statements of our first Committee on Union with the Presbyterian Church of Canada, is no part of our subordinate Standards." (Minutes U. P. Synod, 1855, page 43.) This declaration manifestly deprives said publication of all authority as an exposition of the views and opinions of the United Presbyterian Synod. More especially may this conclusion be re- garded as true, when it is considered that said Synod has adopted the articles of the Basis of Union as an authoritative expression of their views and opinions on the questions at issue. Any state- ments, therefore, inconsistent with said articles, which may be quoted from the publication referred to, ought no longer to be re- garded as of any force or authority whatever. V. Whatever doubts may exist in the minds of members of Synod, as to the general agreement of the United Presbyterian Synod with us on the questions at issue, these doubts the Commis- sion cannot allow to be either natural or inevitable ; on the contra- ry, they deem them quite unwarranted by anything adduced in the Reasons of Dissent, or by anything in the actual position of either Synod in regard to the points comprehended in said Reasons. VI. If, as the members of the Commission unanimously believe there is in the Basis of Union, and in the Reports of the two com- mittees the assurance of substantial harmony on the important sub- jects in question, they are at a loss to conceive how it can be rea- sonable to demand anything more. After all that has taken place, the Commission are decidedly of opinion and may reasonably say, that any desire for further negociation would indicate on our part a want of confidence in the good faith of our brethren, and at the same time excite a just suspicion of our own sincerity in behalf of union. VII. This is a mere expression of the opinion of the dissent- ients, and can only be met by a counter statement on the part of the Commission, that they do not believe that there is in the ad- option of the basis, and in the consequent consummation of the union, any compromise of principle at all. On the contrary, their conviction is that thereby the principles set forth in the basis will 318 be more extensively vindicated, and more efficiently carried out, whilst at the same time, the interests of the Church of Christ will, through the blessing of God, be greatly promoted in the Province. Signed in name, presence, and by authority of the Commission. Alexander Topp, Moderator. Alexander F. Kemp, Clerk. (11.) Basis approved of by Presbyteries and Sessions. Hamilton, 1860, p. 8. — The Report of the Committee on Union was accordingly given in by Mr. Ure, convener, and the following motions were then submitted: — 1. It was moved by the Rev. A. Topp, seconded by Rev. J, McTavish. — That the Synod receive and adopt the Report of the Committee on Union now presented and read, from which it appears that the Basis of Union, approved by last Synod, has been approved by all the Presbyteries of the Church, and by 88 out of 95 Sessions sending returns. The Synod further instruct Rev. Professor Young and Rev. Mr. Ure to convey the said Basis, with the de- decision of the Synod on the same, and a statement of the above facts, to the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, now in session in this city with the cordial salutations of this Synod. 2. It was moved in amendment by Principal Willis, seconded by Rev, G. Smellie. — That the finding on the basis now arrived at, as the result of the transmission of that document to Presbyteries be communi- cated with all respect to the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church ; but inasmuch as there is a doubt remaining on some minds among us , as to the exact sense attached respectively to some clauses in the basis by the two Synods, it be indicated to the other Synod as the desire of this Court, that advantage be now taken of the opportunity providentially afforded by the presence of the two Synods in one city, for a friendly and brotherly con- ference, in the hope that by a christian and frank explanation any remaining difficulties in the way of the union may be satisfac- torily removed. 18G0, p. 9. — After mature discussion, it was agreed that the 319 vote of the Synod should be taken on the motion by Mr. Topp, and the amendment by Dr. "Willis. The roll was accordingly called, and the votes marked, when 121 voted for the motion, and 37 for the amendment. The Synod accordingly adopted the motion as the decision of the house, and in terms thereof in- structed Mr. R.Ure and Professor Young to convey to the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church the Basis of Union as approved by this Synod. Hamilton, 18G0, p. 13.— Dr. TV. Taylor, Mr. Ormiston, and Mr. Caven, were introduced by Mr. Ure, as a deputation from the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, for the purpose of communicating to the Synod the action of the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church with reference to the Basis of Union. These brethren addressed the Synod and laid on the table a cer tified copy of the Basis of Union as now approved by them. On motion made and seconded, it was unanimously agreed that the Synod express their great pleasure in seeing these brethren and cordially reciprocate the brotherly affection which they have ex- pressed on behalf of the Synod represented by them, and request them to convey to their brethren the expression of this Synod's es- teem and affection. On motion made and seconded, these deputies were invited to sit with the Synod. Dr. Jennings, and other members who were present, were also invited to take seats with the Synod. The Synod resolved to take up the Basis of Union on the after- noon of Monday. (12.) Addition to Basis by U. P. Synod not accepted. 1860, p. 16. — The Synod then proceeded to take up the Basis of Union, as amended by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church. The same having been read, it appeared that in accord- ance with the request of this Synod, the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church had removed the note appended to the 4th article in the basis, adding to the article the following words ; — " it being understood that, in the application of the doctrine of this article, mutual forbearance shall be exercised." All the other articles were agreed to as adopted by this Synod. 320 Several motions were submitted by members of Synod. 1. It was moved by Mr. Gavin Allan, seconded by Mr. A. Barclay. — That the Synod adopt the Basis of Union, as adopted by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, and transmitted to this Court. 2. This motion was, with permission ofithe house, withdrawn in favor of the following motion by Prof. Young, seconded by the Rev. S. C. Fraser : — The Synod having taken into consideration the Basis of Union as sent down by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, rejoice to find that the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church has agreed to drop the note formerly appended to the 4th article, and that the great principle that the Lord Jesus Christ, as Me- diator, is invested with universal sovereignty, and is therefore King of Nations, and that all men in every capacity and relation, are bound to obey His will as revealed in His word, and particularly that the Civil Magistrate (including under that term all who are in any way concerned in the legislative or administrative action of the State) is bound to regulate his official procedure as well as his personal conduct by the revealed will of Christ, is now affirmed by both Synods without reserve and limitation. And whereas the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church has added to the 4th article of the basis as formerly approved by this Synod the words, " it being understood that in the application of the doctrine of this article mu- tual forbearance shall be exercised." this Synod declares that the Standards of the Presbyterian Church of Canada do not profess formally and explicity to define the manner in which the principle contained in the 4th article is to be applied ; and, being persuaded, as the Synod is, that in the event of union there will be found to be in the united body a substantial agreement as to those leading practical applications of principle which will ftill to be considered, this Synod hereby declares that the clause which has been added to the 4th article may be accepted, and that a union between the two bodies may be honurably formed on the basis as it now stands. 3. It was moved in amendment by Rev. G. Smellie, seconded by Mr. D.Elder:— 321 That this Synod rejoices in the brotherly salutations given by our brethren of the deputation of the United Presbyterian Church, and in the intelligence conveyed by them to the effect, that the note appended to the 4th Article of the basis has been aband- oned, but inasmuch as some basis of agreement has been all along held to be essential to a satisfactory union, and this Synod resolved in 1858 that, while difference of opinion on minor matters, such as the endowment of Churches by the State should not be a bar to the union of the two Churches, the leading applications of the great doctrine of Christ's Headship over the nations could not be left a matter of forbearance, the Synod regrets to find that their brethren of the United Presbyterian Church have adopted a reso- lution which is a virtual recession from the position already reached in these negociations, and which is subversive of the idea of a basis altogether, and therefore requests our brethren of the United Pres- byterian Church to inform us, and put the information or record, whether the proposed forbearance is to be unlimited, and if limited, what are the limitations which they arg willing to agree to ; declare their readiness to confer on those points always viewed by us as vital, and re-appoint the Committee on Union to meet the Commit- tee of the United Presbyterian Church at the earliest possible op- portunity. 4. It was also moved by Rev. D. Inglis, seconded by Mr. A. D. Ferrier : — That this Synod having considered the basis as amended by the U. P. Synod, rejoices to find that there is entire agree- ment in the doctrine contained in the 4th Article and whereas the U. P. Synod, have added the words, " it being understood that in the application of the doctrine of this article, mutual for- bearance shall be exercised," this Synod declares that the Stand- ards of the Presbyterian Church of Canada do not profess formally and explicitly to define the manner in which the principle con- tained in the 4th article is to be applied ; and whereas it is be- lieved that there is no difference of opinion in reference to said applications of such a nature, or so great, as to pervent cordial co- operation : therefore, the Synod agrees to accept the basis as am- ended, with the distinct understanding that while reserving all V 322 equitable liberty to a minority, each case of application shall yet be decided by the Church Courts, and that the united Church shall not be fettered in its constitutional action in regard to any appli- cation that may emerge in the Providence of God. In order to secure that it may be well understood that such are the terms of union, this Synod requires that this resolution, to- gether with that of United Presbyterian Synod, shall be prefixed in the way of preamble to the basis. 5. It was also moved by Rev. A. Topp, seconded by Rev. Thomas Alexander : — That the Synod having considered the addition made to the 4th Article of the basis, as transmitted by the United Presbyterian Synod, find they cannot consistently with the principle hitherto niaintained by this Church or with its previous resolutions and actings on this subject, consent to the acceptance of the said ad- dition as part of a Basis of Union ; and whereas there seems great difficulty in framing a satisfactory basis, other than that already existing in all Presbyterian Churches — whereas, further, there is a prospect of union, and it would be of the greatest importance for many reasons to have a union of all the sound Presbyterism of the country, the Synod resolve, with a view to the speedy accomplish- ment of the same, to present to the other two Presbyterian Churches, as a basis on which all the three might unite and form one Church, independent and free from the control of all others in its procedure, the recognized Standards of the Church, viz., the Westminster Confession of Faith, and the Larger and Shorter Catechisms. 6. It was moved by Mr. Reid, seconded by Mr. T. McPherson — That the Synod having had its attention directed to the Basis of Union as sent to this Court by the Synod of the United Pres- byterian Church, and especially to the addition made to the 4th Article of the basis, find that while this Synod has confidence in the general harmony of the views of the United Presbyterian Church with those of this Church with reference to the doctrine contained in the fourth article, and has at former stages of these negotiations indicated that it does not expect, on minor applications of the principle entire unanimity : yet the Synod sees difficulties in 323 the way of accepting in a Basis of Union, a clause which might seem to recognise, unlimited forbearance as to the applications of the said doctrine, and does not therefore agree to the addition made. The Synod, however, still heartily desirous of union, anH believing that union can be effected on sound and honorable prin- ciples remit to a committee to meet with the committee appointed by the United Presbyterian Synod, for the purpose of seeing, whether the object, believed by the Synod to be intended by the proposed addition, may not be better accomplished in some other way, the committee being authorized to request the Moderator to call a special meeting of the Synod, if it shall be considered necessary. Several members expressed their minds on the subject before the house. 7. It was further moved by Rev. R. F. Burns, seconded by W. Gillespie— That this Synod, while heartily rejoicing that the great princi- ple embodied in the 4th Article of the basis, has been accepted by the United Presbyterian Synod, feel embarrassed by the addition which that Synod have seen it to be their duty to make to the said article, to the effect that in the application of the doctrine con- tained in this article mutual forbearance be exercised, and this Synod would frankly state that they are not prepared to agree to this addition inasmuch as it appears to this Synod on many ac- counts, highly in expedient to make such a radical alteration in the basis, at this advanced stage in the negotiations, more especially after it has received the almost unanimous approval of the Presbyteries and Sessions of both Synods in its original form, inasmuch moreover as it would unduly fetter the future action of the united body : yet further, inasmuch as the negotiations between the two bodies have uniformly proceeded on the understanding that while a certain measure of forbearance should be exercised, that forbear- ance should be qualified and defined, and this Synod has already distinctly given forth a deliverance to the effect that, this Church cannot in consistency with its views of truth and duty treat with unfettered forbearance, all varieties of opinion on the relations of the Civil Magistrate, and of Civil Government to revealed religion,' this 324 Synod nevertheless sincerely solicitous that no unnecessary ob- stacle be thrown in the way of a union in all respects so desirable, being forthwith consummated, agree herewith to declare that perfect unanimity is not required with respect to every application of the principle contained in the article of the basis, and would be most willing to receive from the United Presbyterian Synod, and to insert on their minutes, or when the Union takes place would consent to the recording on the minutes of the united body, a distinct disclaimer of certain inferences unfairly deduced from the doctrine in the 4th Article in the basis, particularly the right which magistrates have sometimess claimed, in the name of God to perscribe the faith of the Church, to regulate her ordinances, or to interfere with her eclesiastical action. The Synod further appoint a committee with instructions to act in concert with the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church in accordance with the foregoing deliverance, and, if they see fit, to request the Mo- derator to call a special meeting of Synod. After mature consideration a division was called for. Mr. Topp, asked leave to withdraw his motion. Leave was granted and the motion was withdrawn. Mr. Smellie, also, with permission of the house withdrew his motion. Mr. Young, Mr. Burns and Mr. Inglis, also, with permission of the house, sever- ally withdrew their motions. The motion of Mr. Reid was then adopted, without a vote, as the deliverance of the Synod, and in terms thereof the Synod ap- pointed the following committee to meet with the Committee of the United Presbyterian Church, viz : — Rev. Mr. Ure, convener. Dr. Willis, Messrs. Laing, Inglis, T. Wardrope, Scott, Gregg, Ross, Kemp, McRuar, Topp, McLaren^ G. P. Young, D. McKenzie, McMurrich, McLennan, Ferrier, and Sherwood. (13.) Preamble to Basis proposed. 1860, p. 25.— The Committee on Union with the United Pres- byterian Church, presented a Report in the following terms : — The Committee on Union having given prayerful consideration to the matter submitted to them by the Synod, beg to report the 325 subjoined resolutions which they recommend to be adopted in the terms following : — 1. That this Synod, with a view to the removal of any possible misapprehension of its opinions in reference to Art. IV. of the Basis of Union, does most earnestly disavow the legitimacy of any such inferences from said article, as that magistrates have the right, sometimes claimed by them, to prescribe, in the name of God, the fiiith of the Church or to interfere with the freedom of her ecclesiastical action. 2. That this Synod with a view to the removal of any mis- apprehension as to the practical applications of the said 4th Article, such, for example, as those contained in the Report of the joint com- mittee submitted to both Synods in the year 1858, desires to call attention to the fact, that the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada docs not require, as a condition of union, unanimity of sentiment as to the action of the magistrate on these points ; but while providing for diversity of opinion, the Synod has held, and still holds it as necessary to harmonious action in the united body, that a minority, while entitled to all equitable liberty, shall on these, as on other matters of ecclesiastical government, be guided in any action on dissent by constitutional order and the received principles of the united body. 3. That the foregoing resolutions shall accompany said basis, as a declaratory statement. On motion made and seconded, the Report was received. It was further, on motion of 3Ir. Reid, seconded by Mr. Laing agreed : — That this Synod approve of the resolutions submitted by the Committee on Union and instruct the committee to communicate them as soon as possible to the Committee of the United Pres- byterian Synod expressing at the same time the earnest hope that these resolutions may meet with the approval of our brethren of the United Presbyterian Church. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed that the Synod should engage in devotional exercises. Accordingly prayer was offered for the Divine blessing on the step taken towards union, and the Synod united in singing the closing verses of the 122nd Paalm. 326 (14.) Preamble to Basis amended and adopted, Toronto, 1860, p. 6 (pro re natci). — Mr. Ure, convener of the Committee on Union, presented the Report of the committee embodying the Basis of Union, as formerly agreed to, with a Pre- amble agreed upon by the joint committees of the two Churches in the following terms : — Whereas, for the glory of God and the welfare of the Church? it is desirable that a union should be eflFected between the " United Presbyterian Church " and the " Presbyterian Church of Canada ^^ on such terms as may be agreeable to the Word of God, and the Standards accepted by both Churches ; Whereas also it is expedient that a Basis of Union, in terms of the six Articles which follow, be adopted, as a statement of principles in regard to which the Churches are mutually agreed : Whereas, besides, it is desirable to prevent any misapprehensions in reference to the fourth of said Articles^ it is therefore hereby declared, that no inference from that Article is legitimate which asserts that the civil magistrate has the right to prescribe the faith of the Church, or to interfere with her ecclesiastical action : And it is further declai-ed, that in regard to the practical application of said fourth Article, unani- mity of sentiment is not required in the united body, and that if any particular case should emerge, it may, and can only, be con- sidered and determined by the Church Courts, in accordance with the general principles and procedure of Presbyterian Churches. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed to receive the Report of the committee. 1. It was thereupon moved by Rev. A. F. Kemp, seconded by Mr. Heron : — That the action of the Committee on Union as now reported be approved of, and the Basis of Union as presented be adopted ; and that the following deputation be appointed to convey this de- cision, with the salutations of this court, to the Synod of the Uni- ted Presbyterian Church, now in session in this city, and to request a conference to arrange the phraseology of the Preamble in such a way as may be mutually agreeable. P. 7. — The Synod resumed consideration of the motion made by Mr. Kemp on the previous evening. 327 2. It was moved in amendment by Rev. Thomas McPherson, seconded by Dr. Irvine. — That a small committee be appointed, and that the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church be requested to appoint a similar number of their body to co-operate with such committee, in revis- ing the Preamble to the Basis now proposed, so as to render it more intelligible to those who appear to have difficulties in under- standing it, and to bring it into more apparent harmony with the resolutions agreed to by the Synod at its last meeting. At this stage it was moved by Mr. Ross and seconded, That the Synod now resolve itself into a committee of the whole to consider the Preamble to the Basis. It was moved in amendment by Mr. McRuar, and seconded, That the discussion proceed according to the standing orders of the Synod. On a division being called for, the amendment was carried, and the discussion accordingly proceeded. The vote was then called for, when there voted for Mr. Kemp's motion sixty-two, and for Mr. McPherson's amendment seven. The motion was accordingly declared to be carried, and was adopted as the deliverance of the Synod. Dr. "Willis entered his dissent from the decision in so far as it limits the conference to mere verbal modifications of the Preamble. Messrs. Smellie, Thomas McPherson, and L, McPherson also dissented. The Synod appointed the following as a deputation to convey the decision just come to by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, viz : Messrs. Topp, Inglis, Kemp, Stark, and Gregg. P. 8. — Mr. Topp, on the part of the deputation appointed in the forenoon, reported that they had waited on the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, and had communicated the resolution of this Synod, and farther, that they had received a most fraternal reception. Thereafter appeared the following deputation from the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, namely Dr. Thornton, Messrs. James, King, Aitkcn, ministers, and Mr. Agnew, elder; and laid on the table the following extract from the minutes of their Synod : 328 " Toronto, 3rd Oct., 1860 ; The Synod of the United Presbyterian Church met and was constituted. Inter alia Took up the Basis of Union as submitted by the Synod's Union Committee. It was moved by Mr. James, seconded by Mr King, and carried by a majority of fifty to eleven: That the Synod devoutly acknow- ledges the goodness of God in the result to which the joint-commit- tee has been unanimously brought, and adopts the Basis in its amended form'as a ground of union between the Presbyterian Church of Canada and the United Presbyterian Church in Canada, believ ing that every thing is secured by the Preamble of said Basis which was contemplated by the proposed addition to the 4^A Article, and unanimously agreed upon at the last meeting of Synod. It was also agreed to appoint a committee to convey to the Pres- byterian Synod the finding of this Synod on the Preamble and Articles of the Basis of Union. The committee was appointed as follows, namely. The Rev. Dr. Thornton, Messrs. James, King, Ait- ken, and Mr. John Agnew, elder. The Synod cordially agreed to the request of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada to meet them in conference at any hour this afternoon that may suit their convenience, and that the above named committee intimate the same to that Synod and make all necessary arrangements for the conference." The members of the deputation briefly addressed the Synod. On motion made and seconded, it was unanimously agreed that the Moderator convey to the deputation the great gratification which the Synod had experienced in receiving the deputation, and hearing from them the decision to which their Synod had come. P. 9. — The Clerk read the Report of the conference which had just taken place between the members of this Synod and those of the United Presbyterian Church. The Report embodied the fol- lowing modification of the phraseology of the Preamble to Basis.- The Presbyterian Church of Canada and the United Presbyter- ian Church in Canada, believing that it would be for the glory of God, and for the advancement of the cause of Christ in the land, that they should be united, and form one Church, do hereby agree to unite on the following Basis, to be subscribed by the Moderators of the respective Synods in their name and behalf; declaring, at 329 the same time, that no inference from the fourth Article of said Basis is held to be legitimate, which asserts that the civil magistrate has the right to prescribe the faith of the Church, or to interfere with the freedom of her ecclesiastical action ; further, that unanimity of sentiment is not required in regard to the practical applications of the principle embodied in the said fourth Article, and that, whatever difiFerences of sentiment may arise on these subjects, all action in re- ference thereto shall be regulated by, and be subject to, the recog- nized principles of Presbyterian Church order. On motion made by Mr. Kemp, seconded by Mr. Topp, it was resolved to adopt simpliciter the Preamble to the Basis of Union as agreed upon in Conference, and as now read. It was also on motion of Mr. Ross, seconded by Mr. McTavish, agreed that the Basis of Union with the Preamble be now adopted, and that the Clerk be instructed to commuicate the same to the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church. A communication was read from the Synod of the United Pres- byterian Church, to the effect that they had unanimously adopted the Preamble to the Basis as agreed to in Conference. (15.) Name adopted — " Canada Presbyterian Church." The Clerk read the minutes of a Conference held last evening between the members of this Synod and the members of the Uni- ted Presbyterian Synod. From these minutes it appeared that a majority approved of the title of the united Church being, "The Canada Presbyterian Church ;" and that a majority were in favour of the union being consummated in Knox's Church, Toronto, on the 20th December. 1860. Thereafter the following motions were submitted. — 1 . It was moved by Mr. Kemp, and seconded ; That the name of the United Church be, "The Canada Presbyterian Church." 2. It was moved in amendment by Mr. Duncan, and seconded : That this Synod has a very decided preference for the name of "The Presbyterian Church in Canada," but that in the event of the sister Synod deciding to abide by the name adopted at the Confer- ence last night, the Synod resolved to concur with them in that decision. 330 3. It was also moved in amendment by Mr. Burns, seconded by Mr. Inglis : That the name of the Church be "The Canadian Pres" byterian Church." The two amendments being put against each other, that by Mr. Duncan carried. The original motion and the amendment were then put to the house, when the amendment was carried, and was adopted as the deliverance of the Synod. P. 12. A communication having been received from the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church to the effect, that they had decided in favor of the name of the Church being "The Canada Presbyte- rian Church," it was resolved to adopt that as the name to be as- sumed by the United Church. (16.) Union to be consummated at Montreal. P. 10. It was then moved by Mr.Laing,seconded by Mr. McRuar, That this Synod does not judge it expedient to hold any special meeting with a view to union with the United Presbyterian Church, but resolves to proceed in consummating that union at its next ordi- nary meeting as appointed to be held in Montreal in June next. It was moved in amendment by Mr. Gillespie, seconded by Mr. Sharp, That the resolution adopted by the Conference as to the time and place for the consummation of the union be adopted by this Synod. Mr. Smellie also moved an amendment, which not being secon- ded, fell to the ground. On a division, Mr. Lang's motion was carried by a majority, and this Synod resolved accordingly. p. 10. — Dr. Willis dissented from the decision in so far as it commits the Synod to consumate the union at the date specified. (17.) Reasons of Dissent by Rev. G. Smellie. Mr. Smellie also dissented for the following reasons, which be gave in. 1 . Because it seems to be taken for granted,that the union of Chur- ches is an essential matter, whereas spritual unity, not mere tcnion, is the object set before us in the Word of God ; whereas a v-isible rational union by no means meets that idea, and whereas further, 331 such a union must necessarily be limited, and an universal union is impracticable. 2. Because although in certain cases practical advantage might seem to dictate the propriety of a union between the Presbyterian Church of Canada and the United Presbyterian Church, — with ■ how much reason however remains still to be proved, — yet the pro- posed union is quite uncalled for, unless better cause can be shown than any that has hitherto been alleged, and cause suffi -ient to countervail existing difficulties. 3. Because the entire process of negotiation about union be tween those two Churches, has brought out the fact that there ex- ists great want of harmony of sentiment and feelings between a large number of the members and office-bearers on the one side, and a large number of those on the other. And therefore no confidence of any good results from union can be cherished in these circum- stances, but rather the expectation that union, if at present con- summated, will prove a positive hindrance to Unity ; — because further the attempt to urge it now would be a reckless temptation of Providence ; — and because the two Churches are more likely to serve God faithfully, and to maintain peace in a state of separation than of incorporation. 4. Because while a majority on both sides may be desirous of union, it is notorious that many members of our Church courts, and of this Synod, as well as many private members of the Church throughout our congregations, are advisedly and deliberately oppo- sed to the measure. And because union being a matter not vital, and yet materially affecting the constitution of the Church, the car- rying out of it by way of a majority of votes, is ungenerous towards a minority. 5. Because nothing can be expected from union carried into ef- fect in the face of an earnest opposition, but the alienation of a large body of our ministers, elders, and people from the standard of the Presbyterian Church of Canada or a second disruption as its first fruit. And because past experience and calm reflection combine to justify the Synod in anticipating trouble from such an attempt to amalgamate heterogeneous elements, and therefore in hesitating before proceeding to precipitate a result so momentous in itself, and probably so disastrous to the Church. 332 (18.) Answers to Reasons of Dissent. P. 11. The Synod appointed the following committee, viz. Messrs. Ure, McTavish, Inglis, Scott, to prepare answers to Mr. Smellie's reasons of dissent. Mr. Ure, on behalf of committee, read answers to reasons of dis- sent given in by Mr. Smellie. 1 . In this reason there is an assertion of the obvious truths, that all believers are one in Christ, and that their oneness as resulting from union to Christ is not dependent on a visible and external union. It is unnecessary to say that the Synod admits these truths, while it confesses its inability to see how such general statements, or the alleged inference from them, to tbe effect, that the union of any two Churches cannot be regarded as essential, can furnish any ground of objection to the decision dissented from. 2. In regard to this reason, in which it is stated that the union is uncalled for on the ground, that there are existing difl&culties in the way to its being carried into effect, while the advantages to be gained by it are uncertain, it is replied that there is no doubt on the part of the Synod as to the practical advantages of this union. As the nature of the existing difficulties has not been explained in the reason, it is impossible for the Synod to give an opinion respect- ing them. 3. In reply to what is alleged in this reason, as to the great want of harmony of sentiment between the two Churches, it is sub- mitted, that in the absence of the specification of the points in re- gard to which this alleged want of harmony exists, the allegation can only be met by the assertion, that the Synod is not aware of any such diversities of sentiment as would, in the sight of God, justify the two Churches in longer remaining apart ; and believing this, the Synod is of opinion that the two Churches may reasona- bly look for greater success in their work, when pursuing it as a united body, than they would be warranted in expecting while in a state of separation. 4. The Synod considers that it has abundant reason for grati- tude to the Head of the Church in view of the extraordinary mea- sure of agreement which has marked its recent delibeiations and 333 final decision in regard to this question of union ; believing that in few instances, if any, has a question of equal magnitude been determined with a like degree of general and hearty concurrence on the part of its members. And, farther, the Synod cannot perceive any foundation for the charge of injustice preferred against its pro- cedure on this question and founded on the absence of perfect un- animity in the decision arrived at, as liberty to dissent has been freely accorded to those who desired to avail themselves of it. 5. In this reason apprehensions are expressed of serious disa- greements arising in the united body to destroy its peace and im- peril its unity, but as the grounds of these apprehensions are not stated, the Synod can only say that it believes them to be baseless. (19.) Reasons of Dissent by Rev. L. McPherson and Mr. D. Fraser. Mr. L. McPherson, minister, and Mr. D. Fraser, dissented for reasons to be given in. The Synod again met and was constituted. P. 13. Mr. L. McPherson handed in Reasons of Dissent from the decision come to last evening. The same were read, and it was agreed that the following be a committee to prepare answers to said reasons, viz., Messrs. Topp, Kemp, and McLaren. I hereby enter my dissent from the decision come to by the Synod at last evening's sederunt on the subject of the Basis of Union agreed to and submitted by the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church, for the following reasons : — 1. That the said Basis of Union as now adopted in its enlarged form possesses features most objectionable, inasmuch as it grants substantially what was insisted upon from the beginning by the United Presbyterians Church as the terms of union, viz : forbear- ance in the practical application of the doctrine of Christ's Head- ship over the nations. 2. That when these terms were proposed by the United Presbyter- ian Church, this Synod explicitly declared that no such forbearance could be granted by this Church consistently with her regard to the sacredness of truth and her obligations to her Divine Head. That in receding from this attitude — the only honourable and 334 safe one (in the opinion of the undersigned) it could assume in the case, — the Synod has seriously endangered the doctrinal purity of the Church, as well as compromised its own consistency in the eyes of the world. 3, That by the adoption of the above mentioned Basis last eve- ning, the union contemplated its now decided upon, while the mem- bers and adherents, (the body of the Church,) have, as yet, had no intimation regularly communicated to them by the Synod of any change in their ecclesiastical position being under its consideration. That by pursuing this course the Synod has virtually assumed the right and power of legislating within the domain of conscience, and has set aside, without the knowledge or consent of those whose inter- est it is, one of the most precious and sacred rights with which Christ has invested each and all of the members of His Church. Lachlan McPherson minister ; Donald Fraser, elder. (20.) Answers to Reasons of Dissent. Mr. Topp read answers to the reasons of dissent given in by Mr. L. McPherson. 1. That no forbearance is granted on the subject of the application of the doctrine of Christ's Headship over the nations, except such as brotherly love and Christian principle demand. It is further ex- pressly stipulated in the Preamble of the Basis, in addition to the distinct assertion of the Headship of Christ in one of the articles thereof, that all action in regard to the practical application of the principles be regulated by and be subject to the recognised prin- ciples of Presbyterian Church order. 2. The assertion made in this reason of dissent is contradicted by the resolution of this Synod in 1858, which declares that the Synod whilst allowing forbearance on minor relations and applications of the question, shall distinctly assert the Headship of the Lord Jesus over the nations of the earth, and the duty of the civil magistrate to acknowledge and obey the revelation of God's authority in His bles- sed Word — all which is amply secured in the Basis adopted. 3. In reply to this reason it is affirmed as recorded in the minutes of Synod held at Hamilton in June, 1860, that the Basis of Union had been approved by all the Presbyteries of the Church, and by 335 88 out of 95 Kirk Sessions sending returns. Further, it is the fact that very many of the congregations of the Church have sponta- neously met and given their assent to the Basis. The Synod, there- fore, before taking the step complained against by the dissentients, have taken all constitutional means of ascertaining the sentiments of the members of the Church, and have had an expression of the mind of the Church in its Presbyteries, Sessions and congregations, amply sufficient to justify the Synod in the course which they have taken. It was moved and seconded, — That the answers be approved, and that they be kept in retentis with the reasons. It was moved in amendment by Mr. Ross, and seconded by Mr. McRuar, — That the answers be re-committed to the committee. The motion was carried, and the answers accordingly were ap- proved. From this decision Dr. Willis, Dr. Irvine, and Mr. Mc- Ruar dissented. (21.) Committees on Arrangem,ents. P. 11. The Clerk then read minutes of conference with members of the United Presbyterian Church. In accordance with the recom- mendations of the conference,the Synod appointed the following com- mittees, to act jointly with corresponding committees of the other Synod, viz. : 1. For Arrangements of Presbyteries ; Mode of Distributing preachers; and Home Missions, — Messrs. Laing, Wilson, J. K. Smith, T. Wardrope, McRuar, Scott, Ross, W. B. Clark, Mr. Nis- bert; Oakville. convener. 2. On Theological Education — Messrs. Topp, Kemp, Laing, Ross, McMurrich ; Mr. Topp, Toronto, convener. 3. For ohtaining Act for Securing Congregations in possession of their property after the Union, in the same manner as they now hold it in connection with the separate Bodies-Messrs Kemp, Gregg, Reid, McMurrich, F. Torrance; Mr. Kemp, Montreal, convener. 4. On /or??i.s o/^rocess —Messrs. Gillespie, Kemp, Gregg; Mr. Gillespie, Princeton, convener. 5. On Widows' Fund — The existing Committee on Widows* Fund ; James Osborne. Esq., Hamilton, convener. 336 6. On arrangements f 07' consummation of Union — The Presby- tery of Montreal, the elders resident in the city, the Moderator and Clerk of Synod, with Messrs. Ure, Scott, Dr. Irvine, Messrs. Laing, McLaren, J. K. Smith, and Duncan. It was moved by Dr. Willis, seconded by Mr. Topp, and agreed to, that the Clerk be instructed to have the Basis and Preamble as now finally adopted, printed and circulated throughout the Church. It was, on motion made and seconded, agreed to record special thanksgiving to the Head of the Church for His great goodness in thus far guiding the deliberations of the Synod, and bringing them to the present state. After recording thanks to the office-bearers of Knox's Church and to the friends in Toronto, for their hospitable reception and entertainment, the Synod was closed with prayer and the Aposto- lical benediction. CHAPTER XL Foreign Churches — Deputations and Correspondence. 1. — Free Church of Scotland. Kingston, 1844, p. 11. — The Synod appointed the Moderator Mr. Gale, and Mr. Rintoul, a Committee for Correspondence, with instructions to intimate to the Colonial Mission Committee of the Free Church of Scotland, and the Moderator of the Pres- byterian Church in Ireland, the formation of this Synod, and to represent to them the need of missionaries, and to make such communications to other Churches respecting the formation of the Synod as they shall see fit. Toronto, 1844, p. 15. — Mr. Esson introduced Mr. Andrew King and Mr. John Macnaughtan, ministers of the Free Church of Scotland, and a deputation from that Church. Tho Moderator in name of the Synod expressed a cordial welcome to these breth- ren, and they were invited to take their seats with the Synod, and take part in their counsels and deliberations, and they ac- cordingly took their seats. 337 P. 23.— Mr. King and Mr. Macnaughtan were introduced, when these brethren successively addressed tlie Synod and the congregation at great lengtli, and to the deep-felt interest of aJl present ; whereupon, on motion made and seconded, the Synod agreed to record the high satisfoction and delight they have ex- perienced in listening to the able and eloquent addresses of the deputation from the Free Church of Scotland; and to record also the grounds there are for thanksgiving and praise to the Great Head of the Church, for the wonderful things he has done for our brethren in Scotland, and which he is doing through them for the advancement of his cause in the world ; and the special obligations under which the Synod lie to the Free Church for sending forth, as her representatives to this Church, brethren so well qualified to stimulate, encourage, and counsel the Synod in the present position of affairs, as the deputation have proved themselves to be. Several brethren addressed the Synod and congregation. The Moderator communicated the thanks of the Synod to the de- putation. COBOURG, 1845, p. 38.— After praise and prayer, a sermon was preached by Mr. John Bonar, of Larbert, a deputy from the Free Church of Scotland, from these words—" Men that had un- derstanding of the times to know what Israel ought to do " 1 Chron. xii. 32. (The Commission having requested Mr. Bonar to preach instead of Mr. Esson, on account of Mr. Esson bein^' called on by the College Committee to deliver an Inaugural Ad*^ dress before the Synod to-morrow evening.) 1845, p. 42.— The Synod, on the Report of the Committee of Bills and Overtures, took up an overture respecting an application to the Free Church of Scotland, for a supply of labourers in the peculiar crisis of this Church, and the same having been fully dis- cussed was adopted, and the Synod in terms thereof agreed that the Moderator should write to the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland, and urge them in the strongest manner to send forth to the aid of this Church, missionaries of devoted piety and suitable gifts, who may labour permanently or for a limited time amongst us. W 338 The Synod also agreed that the Moderator should write in similar terms to the Moderator of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland. 1845, p. 45. — On motion made by Mr. Esson, and seconded by Mr. Rintoul, it was unanimously agreed that thanks be tendered to Messrs. Bonar and Arnot, deputies from the Free Church of Scotland, for the refreshing addresses of these brethren, and the profitable intercourse enjoyed with them. The Moderator accor- ingly tendered the thanks of the Synod to the deputation. It was resolved that the Synod do henceforth engage, in depen- dence on Divine strength, as an expression of gratitude to the Free Church of Scotland, for the deputations they have, from time to time, sent to this country, to take a more hearty interest in the Foreign Missionary undertakings of the Free Church of Scotland, and to recommend these to the stated and liberal con- tributions of all the congregations of the Synod. 1845, p. 48. — The Synod agreed that a respectful application should be made to the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland, to have those deputies, whom they may from time to time send to this Church, without any special destination as to the places of their labours, placed in communication with the convener of the Home Mission Committee, that the committee may direct their labours to the places where these will be most required. 1845, p. 63. — The Synod agreed to record their grateful sense of the assistance derived from Messrs. Bonar and Arnot, deputies from the Free Church of Scotland, in all the counsels, delibera- tions, and religious exercises in which they have been engaged ; and to record also their gratitude to the Free Church of Scotland for sending forth such approved labourers as a deputation to this country — and the Moderator was requested to convey to the Colonial Committee of the Free Church a suitable expression of gratitude. Hamilton, 1846, p. 67.— Mr. Alexander Fraser, of Kirkhill and Mr. John McTavish, of Balachulish, ministers of the Free Church of Scotland, being present, were cordially welcomed, and invited to sit and deliberate with the Synod. 839 1846, p. 70. — The Moderator introduced to the Synod, with an appropriate address, Mr. Frazer and Mr. McTavish, the deputies from the Free Church of Scotland. These brethren addressed the Synod and congregation on the state and prospects of the Free Church of Scotland, particularly on the revived state of religion throughout many parts of the Highlands of Scotland, since the disruption in 1843. Mr. Hamilton and Mr. Burns severally moved and seconded, in appropriate addresses, a series of resolutions, which were un- animously carried. These resolutions are as follows : — 1- — The Synod rejoice in seeing amongst them this day, and receiving as members of court, the respectable deputies of the Free Church of Scotland, and the Rev. Mr. Turnbull, from New Brunswick, and they desire to tender to them their brotherly re- gards and best wishes. 2. — The Synod desire to record their deep sense of grati- tude to the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland, for the distinguished services of the different deputies who have been commissioned to visit the Province from time to time, and who have preached the Gospel in English and in Gaelic in various destitute districts, and to whom, though now returned to their flocks and homes, the Synod still look as to a company of zealous and active friends interested in the religious state of this colony. 3. — The Synod desire to acknowledge the hand of God in the progress of their infant Seminary, and specially to advert to the very efficient services rendered to the same during the session of last winter, by one of the deputies from the Free Church, the Rev. Dr. Willis, to whom the best wishes of the Synod are due, and are hereby tendered. 1846, p. 75.— Mr. Thomas McLachlan, of Stratherrick, a de- puty from the Free Church of Scotland, was introduced, and cor- dially invited to take part in the deliberations of the Synod. Kingston, 1847, p. 8.— Mr. Walter McGilvray, minister of St. Jude's Church, Glasgow, deputy from the Free Church of Scotland, being present, was cordially and unanimously welcomed by the Synod, and invited to sit and deliberate during the present sessions. 340 1847, p. 11. — Mr. John Buchanan, minister at Bothwell, de- puty from the Free Church, and acting minister in Cotd Street congregation, Montreal, was introduced to the Synod, and cor- dially welcomed. 1847, p. 12.— Mr. McGilvray being called on, addressed the Synod and the congregation assembled on the interesting state of Grlengary in respect to the awakened interest in behalf of divine ordinances happily existing amongst the people, and also on recent events in the history of the Free Church of Scotland, and the hopeful appearance of an advancement of true religion in Scot- land. The following resolution was then moved, seconded, and unani- mously adopted : — That the Synod gladly avail themselves of this renewed occa sion afforded them by the presence of Messrs. McGrilvray and Buchanan, deputies of the Free Church, of recording their sense of their great and manifold obligations to that Church for the exertions which she has made for the evangelization of this land, and for the valuable assistance she has rendered to this Church in extending the Gospel to its distant stations and congregations ; and they would specially tender their thanks to the before-men- tioned deputies for their attendance on the Synod, and the assist- ance received from them in the proceedings of this Court. And further, this Synod would earnestly and respectfully press it on the serious and prayerful consideration of these brethren, whether what they have already witnessed and known of the spiritual wants of this country and of the multitudes of our Presbyterian population, and especially of the Gaelic speaking portion of it destitute of Gospel ordinances, does not constitute a call in Provi- dence to them to give themselves permanently to the work of the Lord in Canada. Toronto, 1848, p. 28. — On motion made and seconded, the Synod appointed— The Moderator, Mr. Allan, ministers, Mr. Fraser, elder, a committee to prepare and issue a letter addressed to the Moderator of Synods and Presbyteries of the Free Church in the Highland Districts of Scotland and other influential indivi- 341 duals, suggesting to them the importance of aiding the Church in this country, by seeking out students having the Gaelic language and possessed of character and gifts suitable for the ministry', and directing and encouraging them to come to this country, and also by sending out preachers of the Grospel of suitable gifts and character as missionaries. P. 34. — The Synod considering the kind co-operation which their deputy, a Mr. Bayne had received from the Colonial Com- mittee of the Free Church of Scotland, in the appointment of a Professor of Theology, and the liberality of that committee to Knox College, agreed to record their gratitude to that committee for these renewed tokens of kindness, and the Moderator was re- quested to convey to the Colonial Committee a suitable expression of gratitude. Toronto, 1849, p. 7. — The Commissions of the Rev. James Lewis and the Rev. James CuUen, as deputies to this Church, from the Free Church of Scotland, were read, and these brethren being present, were cordially welcomed by the Synod. Toronto, 1850, p. 7.— Mr. J. C. Fairbairn, minister of the Free Church, Allanton, Scotland, and now supplying in the Cot6 Street Church, Montreal, being present, was introduced to the Synod, and admitted to take part in the proceedings. In 1859, the Rev. B. F. Greig of the Free Church Kinfauns, Scotland, sat in the Synod as a deputy sent to supply Cot6 St. Church, Montreal, then vacant. In 1860, the Rev. Geo. Lewis of the Free Church Ormiston Scotland, sat in the Synod as a deputy sent as above. 2. — Synod of New Brunswick. 1845, p. 49. — The Clerk laid on the table a printed account of the formation of the Synod of New Brunswick, adhering to the Standards of the "Westminster Confession, with a Report of their proceedings, which had been transmitted by the Clerk of Synod. The Synod agreed that the Clerk should acknowledge the same and send in return a copy of the minutes of this Synod, so soon 342 as the same shall be published. Also, that a copy of the said minutes should be sent to the Clerks of the Supreme Courts of other Churches with whom the Synod maintain an intercourse. 1846, p. 72. — The Moderator, in an appropriate address, intro- duced Mr. TurnbuU, of Miramichi, a minister of the Presbyterian Church of New Brunswick, holding the Westminster Standards. Mr. Turnbull addressed the Synod, at considerable length, on the state and prospects of that Church, whereupon, on motion made and seconded, the Synod unanimously agreed to record their satis- faction at the visit of Mr, Turnbull, and the pleasure with which they listened to his address — to record also their deep sympathy with the brethren in New Brunswick, under the trials and diffi- culties which they have to encounter, in bearing a consistent testi- mony to the Headship of the Redeemer, and in ministering his Word in wide and thinly settled tracts of country. The Synod request Mr. Turnbull, on his return to the scene of his labours — to which it is their prayer that he may be carried in safety and peace — to express these sentiments to his brethren, and to assure them that it is the desire and hope of this Synod that there may yet be maintained between them and the Synod of the Presbyte- rian Church of New Brunswick, holding the Westminster Stan- dards, some stated intercourse in the way of a reciprocation of deputations or correspondence. 3. — Presbyterian Church in Ireland. 1846, p. 75. — The Synod agreed that a respectful letter from the Moderator should be sent to the Moderator of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, expressing the pleasure with which this Synod, and the Church generally, would receive a deputation from the Irish Presbyterian Church, and in reference to the act of this Synod for the admission of ministers from other Churches. The Synod agreed that the Moderator should also call the attention of the Moderator of the Irish Church to the provision in said Act, according to which, ministers or pro- bationers of the Free Church of Scotland, or the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, " coming in the way of orderly translation, or 343 expressly designated or commissioned as ministers or missionaries to this Church," are, on the production of the proper documents, admitted at once as ministers or probationers of this Church. And fiirther that he should suggest to the Moderator of the Irish Church, the importance of there being some recognised committee of the General Assembly, through whom a special designation or commission might be given to ministers or probationers coming to this country from the Presbyterian Church in Ireland. This letter to be prepared by the following committee — the Moderator, Mr. Gale, Mr. Stark, ministers, and Mr. Ewen, elder. Hamilton, 1853, p. 23. — There was read an extract minute from the Record of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, appointing Rev. Samuel A. Hamilton, minister of the Gospel at Ballynure, a deputy to this Synod. Mr. Hamilton being present, was introduced, and addressed the Synod. Thereafter it was moved by Dr. Willis, seconded by Mr. Breakenridge, and unanimously resolved. — That the Synod has pleasure in acknowledging the appearance among them of the Rev. Mr. Hamilton, a deputy from the As- sembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland ; and has listened with much gratification to his interesting statements as to the progress of Protestantism and Presbyterianism in that country. The Synod responds in hearty wishes and prayers to all the sym- pathy in the missionary objects of this Church expressed on the part of the Church in Ireland ; and takes this opportunity of renewing, on the part of this Synod, the expression of its pleasure to receive additional laborers from Ireland, as also from Scotland and England, to occupy the large field, ripe for the harvest, in the wide territory of Canada, and which our eiforts, through our own immediate Seminary, for the preparation of preachers of the Gospel are still inadequate fully to overtake. The Synod returns thanks to Mr. Hamilton as well as to the Church which he represents, and will he happy to look forward to other such occasions of intercommunion between our Churches separated by the wide Atlantic but united in christian faith and love and community of objects and interests. 344 — Deputations to Presbyterian Church m Ireland. Kingston, 1852, p. 12. — On motion made and seconded, it was unanimously resolved, that the Synod having reason to believe that Dr. Willis, Professor of Theology, in Knox College, will be in Britain during the next month, do unite in cordially requesting him, that, if in accordance with his arrangements and convenience, he would attend the Annual Meeting of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, and that if be can comply with this request, the Synod, through its Moderator and Clerks furnish him with a commission, authorizing him to represent this Synod before that Assembly, and to communicate to the Church in Ireland, such information respecting the religious state of Canada, and the want of ministerial laborers, as he may think best calcu lated to promote her co-operation with this Church, in extending the blessings and privileges of the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ throughout the Province. 1853, p. 20. — Dr. Willis reported diligence in the matter of his commission from this Synod to the General Assembly of the Irish Presbyterian Church and also the cordial welcome he had received from the Assembly. The Synod approved of the diligence of Dr. Willis in this matter. Kingston, 1857, p. 32. — The Synod, understanding that Dr. Burns had the prospect of being presented at the General Assem- bly of the Presbyterian Church of Ireland, agreed to authorise and commission him to appear in behalf of this Synod, with the view of conveying the christian regards of this Church to the Church in Ireland, and of giving information in regard to the spiritual desti- tution of this Province. 4 — Presbyterian ChurcJi in England. Montreal, 1855, p. 6. — The Synod unanimously requested Mr. Gillespie, of London, an elder of the Presbyterian Church in England, who was present, to sit as a member of Synod. Mr. Gillespie, having thanked the Synod for their kindness, took his seat. 345 1855, p. 13. — Mr. Gillespie addressed the Synod; communi- cating many interesting facts with reference to the progress and state of the Presbyterian Church in England, and of its mission- ary efforts. It was then moved by Mr. Fraser, and seconded by Dr. Burns, and unanimously agreed to. — That the Synod having heard the address of Alexander Gilles- pie, Esq., of London, an honoured elder of the Presbyterian Church in England, return hearty thanks to Mr. Gillespie for his address ; and request him to convey to the Synod of the English Presbyterian Church, the fraternal greetings of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, assuring them of the deep inte- rest felt by this Synod in their progress and success at home and abroad. Kingston, 1857, p. 11. — The Rev. G. J. C. Duncan, of Green- wich, a minister of the Presbyterian Church in England, and Clerk of the Synod, having come into the house, the Synod un- animously agreed to welcome him amongst them, and to request him to take a seat with them. The Moderator conveyed to Mr. Duncan the request of the Synod, and Mr. Duncan took his seat accordingly. 1847, p. 13. — The Synod then proceeded to hear Mr. Duncan, as representative of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church in England. Mr. Duncan having addressed the Synod, the following resolution was moved and unanimously adopted, viz : — That this Synod greet with much satisfaction, the Rev. Mr. Duncan as a visitor from the English Presbyterian Church, and request the Moderator to express their thanks to Mr. Duncan for his address, assuring him of their hearty affection to his Synod and Church ; to request him to convey to his brethren the assu- rance of the pleasure which it will always afford this Synod to receive or render, as Providence may give opportunity, such tokens of brotherly interest and co-operation in the service of our common master. The Moderator accordingly tendered to Mr. Duncan the cordial thanks of the Synod. 346 5. — Free Presbyterian Church of the U. S. of North America. Toronto, 1848, p. 33. — The Synod had transmitted a letter dated Ripley, Ohio, Nov. 4th, 1847, Signed Arthur B. Bradford, Moderator, J. B. Gibson, Stated Clerk, of The Free Synod of Cin- cinnati. The same was read, when it was agreed to refer it to the committee on Mr. King's proposed Mission to the coloured population, with authority to them to make enquiry concerning this body, and answer the letter as they may think fit. Toronto, 1854, p. 11. — The Synod proceeded to hear a com- munication from the Synod of the Free Presbyterian Church of the United States of North America. It was unanimouly agreed to refer it to a committee to consider it fully, and report at a fu- ture diet ; the committee to consist of Dr. Burns, convener, et aL P. 21. — Dr. Burns, on the part of the committee appointed in the matter, reported the draft of a reply to the communication from the Free Presbyterian Church in the United States. The Synod sustained the Report, and ordered the letter to be signed by the Moderator and Clerk, and transmitted to the proper quarter. The Synod further appointed a committee consisting of Dr. Barns, convener, et al. to correspond further with the Free Presbyterian Church in the United States, with the view of obtain- ing more definite information in regard to their position and operations. 6. — Presbyterian Church (iV. S.) United States. Hamilton, 1858, p. 9. — The Synod then took up a letter from Rev. Dr. Hatfield, Stated Clerk of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States (N. S.) proposing fra- ternal intercourse between the two Churches. The matter was referred to the following committee, viz : Mr. Lowry, convener, et al. with instructions to them also to consider and report as to the expediency of correspondence with the United Presbyterian Church of America. P. 24.— The Synod called for the Report of the committee appointed to consider the letter of the Stated Clerk of the Gene- ral Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of 347 America. The same was given in and read. It was as follows.— The committee to whom was referred the letter of the Clerk of General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, and the instruction of the Synod to consider whether a correspondence should be held with the " United Pres- byterian Church of America," recommended to the Synod to ins- truct the Clerk to give a courteous answer to the letter referred to. The committee cannot recommend the appointment of a delegate to the next meeting of the Assembly of that Church, although in their opinion the Synod should throw no obstacle in the way of that Assembly's giving this Synod, the fullest information respect- ing the principles held by that Church. The committee likewise recommend that a letter, signed by the Moderator and Clerk of this Synod, be transmitted to the Mode- rator of " the Synod of the United Presbyterian Church of Ame- rica," congratulating that Synod on the union which has lately taken place among them, and expressing the Synod's interest in their welfare, and desire to maintain a fraternal correspondence with them. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed to receive and sustain the Report, and adopt its recommendations. Toronto, 1859, p. 15. — Mr. J. McTavish introduced Mr. J. McLeod, Commissioner from the General Assembly (N. S.) of the Presbyterian Church in the United States. Mr. McLeod then addressed the Synod with reference to the principles, position, and operations of the Church with which he is connected, and express- ing the feelings of christian regard entertained by the Assembly represented by him towards this Church. Thereafter the two fol- lowing motions were submitted. 1. It was moved by Mr. McTavish, and seconded, — That the Synod express gratification at meeting with Mr. Mc- Leod, deputy from the Presbyterian Church of the United States (N. S.,) and at hearing from him sentiments of fraternal regard to this Church, and a statement of the views and principles of the Church which he represents ; and further, that the Synod would express to Mr. McLeod their pleasure at hearing of the progress of Christ's Kingdom in the United States, and in the Foreign Mission 348 field, through the agency of the Presbyterian Church, and desire him to convey to his Church the fraternal greetings of this Synod and their prayer that God would make them a blessing, not merely to the people of the United States, but to the world. 2. It was moved in amendment by Dr. Bayne, and seconded. — That the Synod having heard with much interest the address of the deputy of the New School Presbyterian Church in the Uni- ted States, reciprocate the friendly feelings which have led to the appointment of the deputy by the aforesaid Church, but before deciding as to the extent to which intercourse with the aforesaid Church can, consistently with a regard to vital doctrines which they must ever hold sacred, be established, appoint a committee to make full inquiry on the subject, and to report to the Synod at a future diet. The roll having been called, and the votes marked, it was found that fifty-four voted for the motion, and eiii,hty for the amendment, which was declared to be carried, and a committee appointed. P. 23. — Dr. "Willis, convener of the committee appointed to con- sider and report as to correspondence with the Presbyterian Church in the United States, (N. S.) reported that after conference with Mr. McLeod, the deputy of the Church referred to, with the view of ascertaining the views of the Church he represents, in the course of which conference Mr. McLeod had replied to all their questions with the greatest candour, the committee came to the conclusion, that while much of the common truth was held by that Church, its profession of doctrine was in some important points diff"erent from that of this Church, not so much on sovereign electing grace, or faith, or the work of the Spirit, as on the extent of the atone- ment, and the imputation of guilt and righteousness in the Adamic and Christian covenants ; that in respect of many zealous cfibrts to extend the common cause of Christianity, and especially in having sought to discourage the practice of slave-holding in mem- bers of the Church, the Assembly represented by Mr. McLeod deserves the interest and sympathy of Churches such as ours ; at the same time, as this Synod is not yet in the habit of appointing delegates to Churches in America generally, the committee is not 349 prepared, until the question shall have been considered compre- hensively in all its relations, to reconuiiend a formal recognition in that way of one particular branch of American Presbyterianism. It was agreed to sustain the Report, and declare in terms thereof. 7 — Corres^pondence with 0. S. Presbyterian Church, United States, on Slavery. CoBOURG, 1845, p. 44. — The Synod took up an overture from the Presbytery of Toronto, recommeding the Synod to open up a correspondence with the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, and to tender to them a testimony against American Slavery, and the encouragement understood to be given to it by the American Presbyterian Church. The overture was approved of and the Synod requested the Moderator to draft a series of resolutions on the subject, and sub- mit them to the Synod. 1845, p. 44. — The Moderator, Rev. Dr. Burns, vacated the Chair, which was taken by Mr. Stark, and addressed the synod at great length on the subject of American Slavery, and read a series of resolutions on the subject, which were laid on the table. Several members spoke on the subject; Dr. Burns was also again heard, when it was moved by Mr. Rintoul, seconded by Mr. Cheyne, and unanimously agreed to, that the resolutions of Dr. Burns, be received, and referred to a Committee for revision — the committee also to draft a suitable letter to accompany said resolutions to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, and to report on Tuesday. 1845, p. 51. — The Committee on the Resolutions of American Slavery, reported a revised draft — also a draft of a letter to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States^ and the same having been read and amended were adopted, and the Moderator and Clerk were authorised to have them endorsed, and sign, and transmitted them without delay — the tenor of the resolu- tions is as follows : — 1. That there are at the present time hpwards of three millions of human beings, in the United States of America, Avho are held in bondage by their fellow creatures ; are bought and sold as any 350 article of property ; and are in all essential respects as much the goods and chattels of their owners, as their houses and lands. 2. That the proprietors of these slaves do claim the right of sel" ling by public auction or otherwise,husbands apart from their wives, wives apart from their husbands, and children apart from their parents, and that such separations do in fact often take place, and "the rearing of slaves" for the market is well known to be a regular and lucrative trade. 3. That the existence of slavery in America, as in former times in the West Indies, is and always has been attended with injustice and cruelty on the part of proprietors, — evils which no special cases of kind treatment on the part of individuals can neutralise or excuse. 4. That in some of the Southern or slaveholding States thera are laws prohibiting the teaching of slaves to read the Word of God, or to attend on religious instruction except in particular cases ; and those laws are fenced round by severe penalties ; such laws and penalties being in direct opposition to God's Word and the rights of conscience. 5. That in point of fact, gross licentiousness and great immo- ralites are the melancholy results of slavery, and that while these afifect deeply the character of proprietors and their families, the slaves have not the means of protecting themselves from lawless lust. 6. That the Church of Christ ought never to be found in a position to prevent her from protesting against slavery and its evils, and adopting such measures as principle and duty demand for their removal. 7. That many of the Churches of America, and particularly the Presbyterian, have manifested a sinful apathy in regard to these evils; and that at Cincinnati, on the 21st of May last, the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (Old School) came, by a majority of 164, to 12, to the resolution that it was not their duty ta take action in the matter at all ; and that under the two-fold plea ^Hhat the Church of America was originally formed on the assumption that slavelwlding is not bar to Christicm communion ;^^ and that the tendency of the discussion of such pretentions is "to 351 separate the Northern from the Southern portion of the Church, a result," say they, "which exery good citizen must deplore." 8. That this Synod shall transmit a copy of these resolutions to the Moderator of said Assembly, with a respectful but firm and affectionate remonstrance. Kingston, 1851, p. 24. — The Synod then took up an over- ture ou the subject of slavery in the United States. The overture was read and Dr. "Willis heard in support of it. Thereafter, on motion made and seconded, the following resolutions were adopted viz : — 1. That the practice of slavery, which denudes rational beings not merely of certain conventional privileges of society, but of the most essential natural rights, and reduces them to the level of chat- tels, to be so accounted of " to all intents and purposes whatever," is inhuman, unjust, and as dishonouring to the common Creator as it is replete with wrong to the subjects of such oppression. 2. that independently of all abstract questions as to the limits of power or the right of contract, it is manifest that no human law can be justified, which impiously pretends to relieve men of their responsibility to their Creator, by making the power of an earthly superior absolute over the persons and consciences of immortal be- ings, as is done in denying to the slave in large portions of the American Union, all the rights involved in personal responsibility ^ God ; also, in substituting a permitted and irregular concubinage for God's ordinance of marriage, as is done by the laws of those states which render the sacred tie dependent on the will of masters or pretended proprietors in human beings ; as is done likewise in dispensing with other sacred obligations, involved in the natural relationships of domestic life, as well as violating the most sacred aflfections and feelings. 3. That christians and Churches, as witnesses for God and truth are called on to testify against any system of human legislation in the community to which they belong, which obviously violates the commands of God ; and that such faithful remonstrance with the civil powers is specially obligatory on professed expounders of the Word of God ; and a large share of the responsibility and guilt in- volved in the effects of such legislation cannot fail to attach to si- 352 lence and indifiference upon questions so vitally affecting the salva- tion of immortal souls, as well as important temporal interests. 4. That this Synod disclaims any design of officious intermed- ling, or spirit of censoriousness in respect of the conduct of indivi- duals or communities not under its control ; but would in the spirit of affectionate brotherhood, and in obedience to the demands of a common law and interest which knows no territorial distinctions, bring any moral influence in its power to bear on the state of pub- lic sentiment, whether at home or abroad, so as to promote the ad- vancement of sound principleSjOn questions extensively effecting the credit of our holy religion and the coming of the kingdom of Christ ; believing that this sacred cause is obstructed by any appearance of alliance between religion and oppression, and by such misinterpre- tations of Scripture and the christian law as worldly men will avail themselves, to justify unrighteous and inhuman practices. 5. That this Synod will hold correspondence on this subject with such Churches of the neighbouring Union as may be accessible to its communications, with the view of encouraging those who are labouring in a Christian spirit to redress this crying op- pression, as well as of bringing to a conviction of error those who are otherwise minded, and that a committee be appointed to cor- respond as above resolved, with Churches so circumstanced, and in case of its appearing to the committee useful or necessary to cor- respond with official parties, or with other organs, of legitimate in- fluence, who may be open to their enquiries or suggestions, so far as that can be done in an inoffensive and orderly manner. Kingston, 1852. p. 21. — The Synod then called for the Report of the committee on the subject of Slavery. Dr. Willis, convener, reported verbally. The Synod re-appointed the committee in terms of the original appointment. Dr. Willis, convener; and agreed to request Dr. Willis to give such information to the Church- es in Britain, as he may think fit, about the state of feeling on the subject of Slavery in the neighbouring States, which the Synod has reason to believe is very far from being in harmony with chris- tian principle. 353 8. — Communion with Slaveholders and Churches in U, S. 1853, p. 19. — The Synod then called for the Report of the Committee on the subject of Slavery. Dr. Willis, convener of the committee gave a verbal Report. On motion made and seconded, it was resolved to sustain the Report, approve the diligence of Dr. Willis in the matter, and re- cord the thanks of the Synod to him for his able advocacy of the cause of the slave, both here and in the United Kingdom ; the Synod farther re-appoint the committee in terms of the original appointment. On motion made by Dr. Willis, and duly seconded, the Synod adopted the following resolutions on the subject of Slavery : — 1. That re-declaring, in terms of the Synod's resolutions at Kingston, in June, 1851, their belief in the sinful and unscriptu- ral character of the slaveholding system, this Synod judge it their duty to God and to man, to co-operate by all moral methods, in promoting its abolition. 2. That it is deeply to be lamented that professing christian Churches in the neighbouring States, do so generally re- frain from bearing a clear and decided testimony against laws which not only involve an Erastian usurpation of absolute power over the conscience of the slave, but deprive him of every charac- teristic privilege of rational nature, and doom what God originally stamped with his own image, and in many cases, those on whom that image has been re-impressed by the Holy Spirit, and for whom Christ died, to the rank of vendible chattels. 3. That, having regard to the inadequate effect which seems to have been produced on the larger ecclesiastical bodies of the United States, by the respectful remonstrances sent from Churches in Bri- tian and on one occasion from this Church in Canada, the Synod resolves, in the .spirit of affectionate but faithful testimony, to man- ifest in every way competent, its determination, not to be a parta- ker in other men's sins : and therefore enjoins upon all ministers and members of this Church to omit no opportunity of respectfully dealing with the consciences of slaveholders, — especially professing christian slaveholders, — and resolves that while communion in re- ligious ordinances is not to be refused to such as profess and evince X 354 by credible evidence tbat they are sincere in the purpose of taking means to purify their Church and land from the sin, at the same time communion should be avoided with ministers and congrega- tions avowing or known to be supporters and defenders of this na- tional iniquity. 4. That the Synod heartily rejoices to recognise those christian societies and individuals in the American Union, who have perse- veringly contended against slavery ; and desires to cultivate closer union with such Churches in the States as decidedly oppose them- selves to this oppression, and to strengthen their hands in every competent and possible way. 5. That a copy of these resolutions be published in at least one Canada, and one United States newspaper, and also transmitted to such friends of the Anti-Slavery cause in the neighbouring Republic as the Committee of Synod having charge of this interest may deem most likely to make those resolutions subservient to the advance- ment of civil and religious liberty. 9. — Ministers from Churches in the United States. London, 1856, p. 7. — The Synod then took up overture from the Presbytery of London, of the following tenor, viz : — Whereas applications are occasionally made for admission to this body, of ministers from Churches in the United States, that are more or less implicated in the sin of Slavery ; and whereas this Synod has, in the years 1851 and 1853, passed resolutions on the subject of Slavery, which it is desirable to have fully carried out especially in the admission into our Church of ministers from the United States, it is respectfully overtured by the Presbytery of London to the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, that Presbyteries be enjoined 'particularly to examine applicants for admission on the subject of Slavery, and to be satisfied, before receiving them, that their views accord with those of the Synod as expressed in said resolutions. Mr. McPherson was heard in support of the overture, and after discussion, the following resolution, moved by Rev. S. C. Fraser, and seconded by Rev. Dr. Willis, was adopted, viz : — The Synod approve of the overture, and in terms of its sugges- 355 tions instruct Presbyteries, in dealing with applicants for admission into the ministry of our Church from the United States, to satisfy themselves respecting the views of such applicants on the resolutions of 1853 anent Slavery. Toronto, 1857, p. 34. — The Synod then took up an overture on the subject of Slavery, The Synod approved of the overture, and agreed to renew the resoluties of 1851, and appointed Dr. Willis, Dr. Burns, Dr. Bayne, Messrs. Reid, Ure, and G-regg, a committee on this subject : Dr. Willis, convener. CHAPTER XII. General Interests of Religion. 1. — Revivals and State of Religion in the Church. Cobourg, 1845, p. 46. — The Committee of Bills and Overtures reported the following overtures : First, — for inquiring into the state of religion in our congregations. Second, — for Presbyterial Visitations. Third, — for a Pastoral Letter from the Synod to the members of the Church. The Synod referred these to the Moderator, Mr. Bonar, Mr. Rintoul, Mr. Gordon, minister, and Mr. Redpath and Mr. West- land, elders, with instructions to consider them, and prepare one or more measures for the adoption of the Synod. (Nothing further was done at this session.) Hamilton, 1846, p. 74. — The subject of the Revival of Reli- gion having been brought before the Synod, in a letter from Mr. Graham, of Tuckersniiith, it was agreed to meet this evening, for prayer and supplication for the outpouring of the Holy Spirit to the reviving of the Church. 356 The Synod met and was constituted with praise and prayer. A portion of the Word was read, and several bretliren, on the call of the Moderator, engaged in prayer. Mr. McTavish, also, on the call of the Moderator, delivered an Address appropriate to the object of the meeting. After engaging in praise, the Synod was closed at 9 P. 31., with the Apostolical blessing. Toronto, 1848, p. 15. — Members from different Presbyteries expressed their views on the state of religion throughout the Church and the means for its revival. A committee was appointed to draft a series of resolutions em- bodying the views brought out in the conference, and to report on the evening of Monday. P. 18. — A Report of the Committee on Revivals of Religion was read by Mr. Gordon, — the Report was received and the considera- tion of it was deferred until a subsequent session. P. 32. — Mr. Gordon submitted a series of resolutions on the means for promoting the Revival of Religion, — the Synod gener- ally approved of the same, and appointed a committee viz : INIr.Gor- don, convener, Mr, Burns, Mr. Grregg, Mr. R. Reid, ministers, Mr. Kennedy, Mr. McAlister, elders, with instructions to them to revise the resolutions and publish them for the guidance of the congregations and missionary stations within the bounds of the Church. P. 36. — Resolutions revised by the committee, after having been approved in substance by the Synod — transmitted to the Clerk after the close of the Synod. The Synod having considered the Report of the Committee on the subject of Revivals of Religion, feel persuaded that many as have been the tokens of the Lord's goodness and mercy, there is yet cause for the deepest humiliation in the review of past sins and shortcomings, and for the present low state of religion in our Church. Further, while the Synod acknowledge that Revival must be the Lord's own work, yet recognising the duty of using appointed means for promoting spirituality among all the oflSce bearers, and members, they resolve as follows. — 1. — The Synod earnestly recommend that the whole of the third 357 of October next, or such part of it as every several Session may see fit, be set apart throughout the congregations and mission sta- tions of the Church, for grateful acknowledgments for past mercies, solemn humiliation for past sins, and prayer and exhortation, with a view to the promotion of a greater measure of spirituality and devotodness among us. 2. — The Synod enjoin Presbyteries at their ordinary meetings to give earnest and special attention to the conducting of devotion- al exercises, to investigations respecting the state of religion, and devising measures for its revival within their bounds, and to mu- tual counsel and encouragement with respect to the discharge of ministerial duties. 3. — The Synod enjoia that an Annual Presbyterial Visitation should be carried out in all the congregations with a view to ascer- tain their economical and religious statistics, and to stir them up to greater diligence ; and that an Annual Report of the results thus obtained be prepared by each Presbytery and transmitted to the Clerk of Synod, at least ten days before the Annual Meeting of Synod. 4. — That the Lord's Supper should be dispensed at least once a quarter, and that ministers should, if necessary, dispense it with- out assistance fi'om brethren in their neighbourhood, rather than not dispense it thus frequently. 5. — Sessions are recommended to hold regular and stated meet- ings at least quarterly for prayerful deliberation respecting the spiritual state of their respective congregations, and for consider- ing the best means of promoting a more faithful discharge of the duties entrusted to them. 6. — The Synod recommend a concert for prayer by all the ministers and other ofi&ce bearers, on the Friday evening of each week, between the hours of seven and eight o'clock. Toronto, 1849, p. 8-13. — Addresses were delivered on the subject of Revivals of Religion, and a committee appointed, Kingston, 1852, p. 7. — The Synod proceeded to take up an overture from the Presbytery of Cobourg, on the subject of the Revival of Religion ; after several members of Synod had address- 358 ed the house, the farther consideration of the overture was defer- red until Monday evening. P. 24. — The Synod resumed consideration of the overture from the Presbytery of Cobourg, on the subject of a Revival of Religion. After conference, it was unanimously agreed. — That the Synod approve of the overture, and resolve, according to its tenor, to instruct Presbyteries to adopt such prompt and effi^ cient measures as they may deem most expedient for the purpose of arresting prevailing sin, and promoting the revival of pure and undefiled religion within their bounds. And the Synod appoint the first Wednesday of October to be observed by this Church as a day of humiliation, confession of sin, and prayer for the outpour- ing of the Holy Spirit, and the revival of the life and power of godliness within our borders, and that Presbyteries be enjoined to report their diligence to the meeting of Synod. Further, the Sy- nod appoint Mr. Bayne and Mr. Young a committee to prepare a pastoral letter, to be published in the Record, and read by all the ministers and missionaries of the Church to their several congre- gations. Hamilton, 1853, p. 2G. — The Synod then took up the subject of the Revival of Religion, when it was found that no written reports had been given in by Presbyteries, in accordance with the instructions of last Synod, and no Pastoral Address prepared, whereupon, it was unanimously agreed, — That Presbyteries be again enjoined to take up this subject, and present written reports at the next meeting of Synod ; and further, that the first Wednesday of October be set apart by this Church as a day of humiliation, confession of sin, and prayer for the out> pouring of the Holy Spirit : and further, that a committee, consist- ing of Messrs. McLeod Convener, D. Fraser, Gregg, Burns and John Gray, be appointed to issue a circular, through the medium of the Record, suggesting particular grounds of humiliation. Toronto, 1854, p. 17. — The Synod proceeded to take up the subject of the State of Religion. The Report was read by Mr. McLeod, convener of the committee. Each of the Presbyteries had given in a Report ; these Reports had been compared and condensed, and the result was now laid before the Synod, 359 Mr. Smith, of Ramsay, on the call of the Moderator, gave a statement of some ficts, illustrative of a hopeful movement, and of spiritual impressions made in the part of the country with which he is connected. Other ministers of the Presbytery of Perth, and one of the elders in the district noticed the same thing, and the Synod felt a call for grateful recognition of the hand of God in these symptoms, whereupon several ministers engaged in prayer and thanksgiving, and the Rev. Dr. Taylor, Professor of Theology in the United Presbyterian Church, also led the dovotions of the meeting. It was moved by Mr. Roger, seconded by Dr. Willis, and agreed. That the Report be received and adopted, and that the Synod record their sense of gratitude to God for every hopeful symptom of his presence and blessing ; they also recommended that the interesting facts illustrative of these matters, may be published from time to time in the pages of the Record. They also instruct the members of the Presbytery of Perth, within whose bounds these symptoms have appeared, to take a continued interest in the work, and make further inquiry as to its nature and results, and commu- nicate the result of their iuquiries to the conveners of the com- mittee. Montreal, 1855, p. 8. — The Synod then called for the Report of the Committee on the State of Religion ; the Report was given in, and read by Mr. D. Fraser, one of the conveners. After lengthened conversation on the general subject of the Re- vival of Religion, and the various points specially brought out in the Report, the following motion was unanimously agreed io : — The Synod heard the Report with lively gratitude, and yet with deep humiliation, cordially accept it, and return thanks to the committee, and especially to the conveners for their judicious dili- gence ; approve of its statements and suggestions ; renew the com- mittee with additional members, and instruct them to print the report in the Record, and to follow it up with a pastoral address in the name of the Synod, and with the Moderator's signature, embracing the leading features of the Report ; recommend them to repeat their communications in any shape they please with the 360 ministers, and extend them to catechists, and Sessions, and indi- vidual office-bearers in vacant cliarges, and empower them gene- rally to adopt such measures as Shall in their judgment seem well fitted to revive and to promote the work of God amongst us, and ^0 report their diligence and its results to next Synod. The Synod farther cordially approve of the suggestions made in regard to special prayer in the present eventful crisis of the Church and of the nation, and earnestly recommend its practical adoption without delay, by all the Presbyteries and members of the Church. The Committee is appointed as follows, viz ; Messrs. 3IcLeod, D. Fraser, Boyd, Duncan, James Smith, R. F. Burns, Scott, Clark, Daniel Gordon, J. Gray, Dr. Bayne, and Dr. Willis, ministers ; and Messrs. Court, Rowan, Stewart, and McMurrich, elders ; Messrs. McLeod and Fraser, conveners. London, 1856, p. 17. — The Synod then called for the Report of the Committee on the State of Religion. The same was given in, and read by Mr. D. Fraser. On motion made and seconded, it was resolved to receive and sustain the Report, and adopt the recommendations, and re-appoint the Committee. — Report of Committee. P. 42. — 1. That the Presbyteries of the Church be encouraged to acquaint themselves by visitations, by preaching deputations, and in all other competent ways with the state of religion within their respective bounds, and endeavour after its revival. 2. That this Committee on the State of Religion shall have a ministerial member in each Presbytery — whose duty it shall be to collect and prepare information regarding the state of religion within the bounds, which information shall be furnished annually through this committee to the Synod, 3. That, inasmuch as the state of vital religion in the hearts of the ministers and other office-bearers of the Church is found ever to affijct and regulate its condition among the people at large, the Synod issue a recommendation, that on the first meeting of every Church Court, whether Deacons' Court, Session, or Presby- tery— after the 1st of October, the members observe a special 361 season of brotherly conference, that they may unite in acknowledg- ment of sin, and in supplications for the outpouring of the Holy Ghost — and may, with the divine help, impart to one another some spiritual gift — and may have their brotherly love increased, and their hearts mutually refreshed and stimulated to a higher christian consecration than before. 4. That a series of papers on topics of practical religion be prepared under the care of this committee and widely circulated in the form of a monthly fly-sheet, or in such other form as to the Synod may see fit. Kingston, 1857, p. 32.— The Synod called for the Report of the Committee on the State of Religion. The same was given in and read by Mr. Crombie interim convener. It was agreed to receive and sustain the Report, re-appoint the committee with Mr. Scott as convener, and Mr. Chambers as corresponding mem- ber from the Presbytery of Kingston, in place of Mr. Pearce. The Synod farther remit to the committee the recommendations contained in the Report, to be cai'ried out at their discretion. — Recommendations of the Committee. P. 35 — 1. That the monthly tracts be continued, and that every efibrt be made to adapt them to the state and wants of our people. 2. That Presbyteries be directed to follow out as far as prac- ticable, the repeated recommendations of the Synod regarding the Presbyterial visitation of the diflferent congregations within their bounds, and that Kirk Sessions be enjoined to exercise faithful discipline towards applicants for admission to sealing ordinances. 3. That while united fervent prayer for a revival of religion is employed, and concerts among the brethren, for that purpose, formed and encouraged, your commitee recommend the conti- nuous preaching of the Word on week days by two or more of the brethren, as a means for stirring up the careless within and with- out the Church, and that the same decency and order be observed which commonly distinguish our Sabbath services. 4. That the state of religion occupy a higher place in the attention of the Church Courts ; and that the Reports of the Cor- responding members in the various Presbyteries be transmitted to 362 the convener before the meeting of Synod, in order that the Report and conference on the state of religion may be taken up by the Synod at one of its earlier sessions. Hamilton, 1858, p. 22.— The Synod then called for the Re. port of the Committee on the State of Religion. The same was given in by Mr. Scott, convener, and read, and on motion made and seconded it was agreed. That the Report be received and its recommendations cordially adopted ; that the thanks of the Synod be given to the convener, that the Report be printed in the Record, and in the appendix to the minutes of the Synod, and the attention of Presbyteries and Sessions aifectionately directed to its recommendations. The com- mittee was re-appointed. — Recommendations by the Committee. P. 38 — 1. That the Synod again call the special attention of Pres- teries to the importance of exercising a proper supervision over the congregations within their bounds by regular Presbyterial visi- tations, held at such intervals as may seem to them best. 2. That ministers be recommended to carry out as far as possible, the practice of catechising, not only the children of Sabbath Schools, and the pupils of Bible Classes, but the grown youth in general, who are connected with the Church, and that Sessions be enjoined to use diligence for securing the general practice of parentaT cate- chising. 3. That in connection with the Presbyterial conference on the state of religion, there might also be a conference on the subject of preaching, or the best method of presenting the truth of the gospel, in order to its taking hold, by the grace of God, of the consciences and hearts of the hearers. Toronto, 1859, p. 38. — The Committee reported, were re-ap- pointed, Mr. Scott Convener the report was sustained. —Report of Committee. P. 48. — Your Committee have no special information to commu- nicate to the Synod relative to the state of religion in the Church, so 363 that the Report may be regarded merely as a means of calling the Synod's attention to the subject, ratlicr than as a channel of infor- mation. There were embodied in last year's llcport the substance of answers, from corresponding members, to certain queries on points connected with the state of reliirion — such as the proniinence given to religious exercises at the ordinary meeting of Presbyteries — the holding of special conferences, or meetings for prayer by Presbyteries in regard to the state of religion — the extent to which the holding of Prcsbyterial visitations and missionary meetings is practised — the amount of attention given to the instruction of the young — the manner in which the duties of the eldership are gene- rally performed, &c. ; on which points, the information then pre- sented, showed that all the ordinary meetings of Presbyteries were opened with a season of devotional exercises, and in the case of two Presbyteries, sermons were preached at their ordinary meetings— that special conference on the state of religion had been held by four Presbyteries, and a special prayer meeting relative to the sub- ject by one Presbytery — that periodical visitation to the congrega- tions within the bounds was made by one Presbytery, and annual missionary meetings held by all the Presbyteries of the Church except one — that a considerable amount of attention was given to the instruction of the young by Sabbath schools, Bible classes, and annual seasons of catechising, but, that the visiting of families by the elders, and the practice of parental catechising were much neglected. The committee did not this year think it necessary to repeat the queries, but have simply endeavoured to ascertain how far the recommendations of the Synod of last year have been acted on — and here they have to report, that additional Presbyteries,viz ; those of Ottawa, and London have adopted the practice of making periodical visitations to the congregations within their care. The correspondent from the Presbytery of Ottawa says, that, about the half of the congregation within the bounds have been so visited during the past year, and that the remainder, it is intended, will be visited during the current year. Respecting the nature of the visitation, he remarks that, the Presbytery not only ascertain the state of the congrejjation in respect to temporalities, but makes 364 diligent enquiry into the state of religion. In the Presbytery of London eighteen congregations have been visited during the year, and the corresponding member states in relation to this work, that the result on the whole has been satisfactory, and that in some in- stances decided good has accrued. The practice also of having ser- mons preached in connection with the ordinary meetings of Pres- byteries has been adopted by two additional Presbyteries, viz., those of Toronto and Montreal, making now four Presbyteries in all, in which the custom is observed. The important practice of catechising the young seems to be receiving increased attention. From one Presbytery it is stated that — " Ministers invariably attended to catechising, not only in Sabbath schools and in Bible classes but also while visiting fami- lies." And from another Presbytery the writer says : " It is be- lieved that at any rate, attention is being more than previously di- rected to the subject of general catechising." In regard to the evidence of saving fruit arising from the means of grace, there does not appear to be anything special. There have been indications during the past year that the Lord is accompany- ing His Word and ordinances with His blessing. Several congre- gations have received larger additions than usual to the number of communicants, and a great proportion of these additions in some instances, have been from among the young, attended with cir- cumstances which evince the work of the Spirit of God in their hearts. But there is reason to fear that the spiritual life of the Church in general is low, and such as cull for humility, and earnest prayer to God for a time of refreshing from His presence. And this matter ought the more to attract attention, from the circums- tance, that both in the neighbouring Republic, and in Britain, the Lord has been, and is, giving special efficacy to the word of His grace. A serious concern for the future welfare of our Canadian Church ought to be awakened, should we be altogether past by at such a time. The committee would also take the liberty of recalling to the mind of the Synod, the sad indications that appear in the social condition of our country, of an advancing immorality. The many instances of recklessness and dishonesty in business transactions — 365 the serious accidents that are ever occurring from the prevalence of drunkenness — the boldness with which profanity is practised — and the many cases of murder that have lately taken place — seem to prove a want of vitality in the Christian Church, and a failure on her part to approve herself as the light of the world and the salt of the earth. And as the government and training observed in the family, have a special influence in forming the character of society, as well as in maintaining true religion in the Church, your committee would conclude by recomiuending, that a pastoral letter bearing specially on the subject of fomily religion, be prepared by the Sy- nod, and besides being published in the Record, be read from the pulpits of the Church. Hamilton, ISGO, p. 30.— The Synod called for the Report of the committee on the state of religion. The same was given in by Mr. Scott, convener, and read. On motion, made and seconded, it was agreed to receive and sustain the report and commend the diligence of the committee. The committee was re-appointed with Mr. J. K. Smith as corres- ponding member from the Presbytery of Brockville, and Mr. T. Alexander from the Presbytery of Cobourg, the other correspond- ing members as last year. The following are the names of the members of committee, — Mr. Scott, convener. Dr. Burns, Dr. Willis, Messrs. Gregg, J. Gray, Inglis, Ministers ; and Messrs. McMurrich, Court, Catta- nach, and Clark, elders; and Messrs. Crombie, T. Wardrope, J. K. Smith, A. Wilson, T. Alexander, J. McTavish, R. F. Burns, and D. Walker, corresponding members. It was agreed to direct the attention of Presbyteries, ministers and elders to the suggestions of the Report, and further, that in accordance with the recommendation of the Report, the second week in January be observed as a season of special prayer, and that ministers throughout the Church be recommended to make special mention of this subject, on the Sabbath preceding. — Recommendations of the Committee. P. 49. — But while the reports of Presbyteries thus furnish much 366 ground for encouragement and thanksgiving, they also shew much occasion for humiliation and increased fervency in prayer to God for the revival of His work. Much worldliness and immorality in various forms abound in the country, and much indifference and apathy among the professed followers of the Saviour. The present world seems to bulk much more largely in the mind than the unseen kingdom of the Lord Jesus Christ. And while we have been blessed with some spiritual fruit, we have not had the honour and happiness of gathering a plenteous harvest ; and as we do not live in ordinary times, we should not be satisfied with ordinary results. The circumstance of the spiritual showers having fallen so plenti- fully, and refreshed the Church so largely in other parts, and specially in Ireland and Scotland, lands with which we have such close and intimate intercourse, while we have been left compara- tively unvisited, should excite our fears and awaken our enquiries respecting the reason of this. The gracious influence has been sent to other districts by the instrumentality of those who have witnessed and felt its manifestations ; but though there have been parties going to and fro between our country and the localities so blessed, no messenger has yet been sent with the benefit to us. In the early history of the United States, the Church there was blessed with revivals of religion, and the Church of God in the countries of Britain has often, since the period of the Reformation, had times of refreshing, but an extensive revival of the grace of God is something, which as yet, has no place in the history of Canada. There is therefore in the Report good reason why onr thanksgiving should be mingled with lamentations at our barren condition, and fervent petitions for the advancement of the Lord's work of grace. The Committee close their Report with the following recommen- dations : — 1. That the annual conference in the several Pi-esbytcries on the State of Religion, be continued. 2. That a Pastoral Letter, similar to that of last year, be pre- pared and read from the pulpits of the congregations belonging to the Synod. 3. That a Sabbath be appointed for ministers discoursing to 367 their people on the special subject of the State of Religion in the Church, and for tlie oflFering up of special prayer in reference to it. 2. — Sanctification of the Sabbath. Toronto, 1848, p. 14. — An overture on Sabbath desecration was received and discussed and remitted to a small committee to report. 1848, p. 23. — Dr. Burns in name of the Committee on Sabbath Desecration gave in a report. The Report was received and the Synod adopted the following recommendations : — 1. That there be prepared and issued a short pastoral address setting forth the divine authority and obligations of the law of the Sabbath, and affectionately warning against the many tempta- tions to the violation of it. This address to be read by all minis- ters, missionaries and catechists, the first convenient Sabbath after it shall have been received, when, also the sermon, lecture or address to the congregation shall be on some kindred topic. 2. That means be used for forming associations for promoting Sabbath observance after the model of the Sabbath Alliance, now spreading itself throughout Scotland. Such associations to be established on a basis to admit of the co-operation of christians of different evangelical denominations. 3. That a correspondence be opened up with some of the most influential friends of religion in the localities through which the Canals pass with the view of encouraging exertions for repressing Sabbath profanation on the Canals. The Synod appointed a committee to carry out these measures, Dr. Burns, convener. Toronto, 1849, p. 23.— The Synod called for the Report of the Committee on Sabbath Desecration. The Report was read by Dr. Burns, and adopted. — The Synod continuing to recognise the importance of the sub- ject, agreed to appoint the following committee, viz. Dr. Burns, convenor, Messrs. Gale, McLean, Gray, Wightman, Cheyne, Rin- toul, ministers, McLellan, Davidson, A. Gibb, Burns, elders, in- structing them to use their best endeavours to carry out the recom- 368 mendations of last Synod and other suitable means, for awakening the community to a sense of the awful evils consequent on any re- laxation of the claims of the Sabbath. Toronto, 1850, p. 29. — Dr. Burns gave in the Keport of the Committee on Sabbath Desecration, which was read. The Synod agreed. — To sustain the same ; to record, as they hereby do, their thanks to the committee, especially to Dr. Burns for the interest taken in the object of their appointment ; rc-appoint the committee with instructions to them to put forth renewed exertions for coun- teracting and abating the prevailing sin of Sabbath profanation. Kingston, 1851, p. 23. — The report of the Committee on Sab- bath Observance was read by Dr. Burns, convener, when it was unanimously agreed — That the Report be received and approved of; and in respect at once to the vast importance to the spiritual and temporal welfare of the community of Sabbath sanctification, the need of greatly in- creased exertions for promoting this object, and the special encour- agement found at present for labouring in this cause, as these have been detailed in the Report ; the Synod renew the appointment of the committee, with instructions to them to continue to direct their attention to the various forms of Sabbath desecration preva- lent in the Province ; and prosecute every competent measure for the removal of these ; specially to call forth the sentiments of congregations in the way of petitioning the Legislature for the re- pression of Sabbath desecration in the Post Office and Canal de- partments, and also as they shall see fit to correspond and co-oper- ate with the Associations happily formed in some of the principal cities of the Province, for promoting the sanctification of the Sab- bath. The Synod further, always recognizing that the Divine Word is the primary fountain of all just views respecting any branch of human obligation, recommend ministers to expound to their people from time to time the doctrine of Scripture respecting the privileges and obligations of the Lord's Day and the Synod also recommend Sessions to be faithful and affectionate in applying the discipline of 369 the Church, in any case in which the memhersof the Church, may be found violating the Lord's Day or countenancing the violation of it. The committee was appointed. Mr. K. F. Burns, convener. Kingston, 1852, p. 25. — The Synod then called for the Report of the Committee on Sabbath Observance ; which was given in, and read by Mr. R. F. Burns, convener. On motion made and seconded, it was resolved, That the Report be received and approved, and the thanks of the Synod tendered to the convener, and that the Synod re-appoint the committee, instructing them to continue their labours with a view to the promotion of the great object of Sabbath Observance. In accordance with the suggestions of the committee, the Synod resolve to issue a pastoral address on the subject, devolving this duty on Mr. R. F. Burns, Mr. Reid and Mr. Gregg, such address to be published in the Record, and read from the pulpit by all ministers and missionaries, who are also recommended by the Sy- nod to preach in connection therewith a sermon on Sabbath Ob- servance. Farther, the Synod resolve to petition the Legislature on the subject of sabbath profanation in connection with the Post- Office and the Canals, which are under the control of Government authorising the Moderator and Clerks of Synod to prepare and for- ward, in name of the Synod, such petitions. The Synod farther recommend all congregations in connection with the Church, to forward similar petitions, and enjoin Kirk Sessions to adopt all competent measures for promoting throughout the land sancti- fication of the Sabbath. Hamilton, 1853, p. 25. — The Synod called for the Report of the Committee on Sabbath Observance. The same was given in by Mr. R. F. Burns, convener, and was read, when, on motion made and seconded, it was unanimously agreed to sustain the Report, record the thanks of the Synod to the convener, and re- appoint the committee, with instructions to continue their eflforts to promote the important object of Sabbath Observance. The Synod forther adopted the recommendations contained in the Report, and resolved again to petition the Legislature at its next session, for an act to abolish all Sabbath labour in connection with the Post-Office department. 370 Toronto, 1854, p. 21. — The Synod thereafter called for the Committee on Sabbath Observance. The same was given in by Mr. R. F. Burns, convener of the committee. On motion made and seconded, it was unanimously agreed. — To sustain the Report and adopt the recommendations contained in it, especially to petition the Legislature for the abolition of Sab- bath labour in the Post-Office department, and the closing of the Canals. The Synod further approved the diligence of the com- mittee ; re-appointed the committee, and directed them to use all diligence in seeking to check the prevailing sin of Sabbath dese- cration. Montreal, 1855, p. 23. — The committee reported — its recom- mendations were adopted — it was re-appointed. London, 1856, p. 21. — The Synod called for the Report of the Committee on Sabbath Observance. The same was given in by Mr. R. F. Burns, convener. On motion made and seconded, it was agreed to receive and sustain the Report, adopt its recom- mendations and re-appoint the committee. The Synod farther resolved that a memorial to the British Gov- ernment be drawn up on the subject of public Sabbath desecra- tion by amusements or otherwise, and that this memorial be signed by the Moderator and Clerk of Synod, and committed to those members of Synod, who are understood to have it in view to visit Britain in the course of the present season, viz.. Dr. Burns, Rev. Messrs. Scott and L. McPherson. Dr. Burns, Dr. Willis and Mr. Scott, ministers, with Mr. Heron, elder, were appointed a committee to prepare a draft of said memorial. — Recommendations of the Committee. Your Committee would recommend, — 1. That tlie Synod memorialize Government again, if it be found necessary, and that Presbyteries, Sessions, and congrega- tions, which have neglected this duty be instructed to attend to it. 2. Meetings should be convened throughout the Province, that by direct oral appeals the subject in its more public and practical bearing may be pressed on the notice of the community. At such 371 meetings petitions may be submitted and signed by the Chairman and Secretary in name of the meeting. 3. Tracts pithy and spirited; books like Edward's Sabbath Manual, Waterbury, Dwight, ^Vgnew, and Kiugbury on the Sab- bath ; the special volume of Essnys by distinguished ministers of the leading evangelical denominations, and the Prize Essays by working men, should be widely circulated. This might be very easy and efficiently done through our system of Colportage. 4. The Press should be largely taken advantage of by minis- ters and others to counteract the pernicious views that are afloat on the subject and to disseminate views of a sound Scriptural cha- racter. Your committee would recommend to the committee on the Revival of Religion to keep this in view in the proposed " Fly- Sheets." 5. Members of Parliament should be dealt with on this ques- tion by their constituents. Every legitimate influence should be brought to bear upon them. 6. Deputations might be appointed (if deemed advisable) to deal with Government and Railway Companies. 7. Sabbath Defence Associations should be formed all ove^ the Province, and an effort be made to secure the formation of a Provincial Sabbath Alliance. 8. Sessious are exhorted to deal firmly and faithfully with members who are guilty of violations of the Sabbath law, such as travelling, social visiting, and the like ; and not to admit to sealing ordinances, or retain in their enjoyment, parties who are engaged in unnecessary labor on the Lord's day. 9. Your committee would further recommend that a list of queries similar to those sent in 1852 be again sent to ministers and Sessions, specially bearing on the various forms of Sabbath desecration and the means used for their removal, and that the substance be embodied in next year's Report. 10. That the third S'lhhath in Januari/, as heretofore, be devot- ed to special simultaneous preaching on the subject. 11. Your committee would recommend to ministers, Sessions, and Presbyteries in districts where there is Sabbath desecration on Canals or Railways, to adopt all competent measures with a view of getting a stop put to such desecration. 372 12. Your committee in the event of any new crusade being undertaken against the Sabbath in the parent country would recom- mend to the Synod, to consider the propriety of joining with the friends of the Sabbath in any competent way in withstanding it. 13. Your committee would finally call to mind the recom- mendations to the Synod in June 1853, " that inasmuch as the cause cannot be successfully prosecuted without the Divine bless- m 9000 9500 7400 0300 3000 3250 2000 2000 42450 448 f w h3 Q w w o g H o p o o s* oq o J3 >-> o o 2. ft> c-»- o o a A. o o p >-l o p o p 2? 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CO . , , ^s in CO CO O-l 05 CO -* CO • • t 05 00 Ol ■* CO CD CD • • ?^ 05 ^ lO 00 Tl< C^l l^- CO co -* in in ^00 >o o 00 CD oq r- t- CO in r— I »n ^ « Oi CO ^ CO o co I— 1 00 r— ( t- in C<1 cq c^ CO ^ f^s ■^ (M CO CO CD o CO Tt< 05 in co en S ml ^2 CO t- o> a> CO o CO CO in o> CO 00 CO C t- ^ ^s CO o 00 e^ 00 Oi 00 t- (X> o co o o 00 t- in CO 00 00 o 00 lo* f^5S i gl Oi 00 cq CD CD o 00 a> CO in in '^ ^^ «5 i>- in M o CO t~ o CO CO 00 u i==l co ,-H 1-1 CO t—\ CO t- in CD Ttl K M o »o CO ■* in CO CD 1— t CO CO M< rH f? m '^ >o *-^ ■ • • • • • • • 1 P o ft ^cq 00 ' ' \ \ • • • 00 ■3 M Ol O) • • 1 M 1?- ■* o c^ 00 ^ r-t ■* ■<»< CO o ■^ in CO •* 1—4 05 in in CO 00 ■<:)< en 00 00 Cft CD C CD in in o CO CO '^ 00 t- J^- CD lO in in Tt< CO CO CO »— ( ■-( us ^ Ol 00 JC- CD in ■* CO CO ,_ o o lO »n in in in in m in in m Tjf 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 n '"' *"* ^ '^ '"' ^ 451 APPENDIX. Ecclesiastical Forms and Procedure. A Acts passed by the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in connection with the Church of Scotland from 1831 to 1844. In 1840. — It was enacted that no Minister or member of any Church under the jurisdicliou of the Synod should proceed to collect funds from the public for the erection of Churches, until they had first obtained permission from their respective Presbyteries; and that accounts of all monies so collected together with a statement of their expenditure be submitted to the Presbytery. This act was ordered to be read from the pulpits of all the Churches. In 1842. — An Act was passed enjoining Presbyteries at their first ordinary meeting after the meeting of the Synod to appoint one or two of their members as Visitors of the congregations within their respective bounds, who should address the people upon their duties, meet Ses- sions with Deacons and Trustees or Managers and inspect their records, enquiring generally as to the discharge of duties bj' members and office- bearers ; also to ascertain the state of Sabbath-schools and Bible-classes and other modes of pastoral agency ; also the amount of contributions for missions and that Statistical Schedules were properly filled up ; also to give counsel on any matter that might be referred to them and in conjunction with the members to prepare a report on the state of religion in each congregation to be submitted to the Presbytery and by them sent up to the Synod along with a deliverance upon the same. At a subsequent session it was resolved that Visitors be instructed to use their utmost exertions to stir up the congregations they visit so that every member may be induced to contribute liberally towards a general Synodical fund for the support of the Gospel to be applied in aid of weak congregations and that they shall forward to the Home Mission Committee statements of the religious destitution which they may observe. In 1843. — The Synod discerned in regard to certain civil suits by Mr. Colquhoun of Dummer and Otonabee against certain members of his Church in a case of discipline against him, as follows — " The Synod hav- ing considered the reference from the Presbytery of Kingston in regard to the civil suits instituted and prosecuted by Mr. Colquhoun against certain members of his congregations and the admission judicially made by him in regard to the same, and duly recorded, find that Mr. Colquhoun has, in disregard of the Laws of tlie Church, his own solemn vows and the special admonition addressed to him by the Presbytery, in terms of the deliverance of the Synod at its last session, persisted in carrying into the civil courts a suit against several members of his congregation found- ed on a complaint against him referred by them to the Presbytery for investigation by them. The Synod, therefore in view of the whole case confirm the sentence of the Presbytery of Kingston dissolving the con- nection between Mr. Colquhoun and the congregation of Dummer and 452 Otonabee, ordain him to be admonished by the Moderator from the chair, continue his suspension from the exercise of the ministry, until the Presbytery of Kingston or any other Presbytery shall have satisfactory evidence of his penitence, and instruct the Presbytery to deal with him towards that end as they shall see meet. In 1843. — The following resolutions were adopted anent the indepen- dence of the Church Courts. The Report of the Committee on the Reference from the Presbytery of Kingston anent Courts of Law calling for official papers from the Church Courts having been called for was given in and read by Mr. Gale. The said Report was received sustained and in terms thereof the Synod resolved. — 1. That the attention of Presbyteries and other judicatories of the Church ought to be directed to the Laws of the Church respecting the commencing and conducting of processes against ministers and members of the Church, which laws require that all caution and tenderness be exercised in the admitting of charges, so that all irrelevant matters be excluded, and the influence of levity and uncharitableness in accusers carefully guarded against. 2. That there seems ample ground for believing that if such processes are commenced and carried on in accordance witn the spirit of the Form of Process and the Laws of the Church connected therewith the Courts of the Church are not liable to be interfered with by the Civil Courts of the Country. 3. That while carefully confining themselves within their proper spiri- tual sphere of action, and faithfully discharging their important func- tions, in maintaining the purity of the Church in the exercise of those disciplinary powers which have been committed to the Church by hw divine and only Head and King, Ecclesiastical judicatories are under the most solemn obligations to proceed with supreme regard to His laws and authority, and to the purity and well-being of His Church, and in no degree to compromise the integrity and independence of their spiri- tual jurisdiction in any measure, whatever troubles may arise to them in the maintenance of the same. (While the Acts and Proceedings of the Synod of the Presbyterian Church in Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland from 1831 to 1844 ought to be regarded as pertaining to the Presbyterian Church of Canada in so far as they may not be repealed by subsequent-legisla- tion or rendered nugatory by the position which our Church now occu- pies, yet it does not appear that, on looking over those Acts, any of them are applicable to us excepting those which have been recited. Ed.) B. Church Discipline. — Form or Process. We can do little more at this time than refer to the sources of inform- ation on this important subject. Many forms of Process for disciplinary purposes have been framed and adopted by the Presbyterian Churches of Europe and America but these although differing in detail are yet iden- tical in the general principles upon which they are founded. In the year 1707 the Church of Scotland adopted, after much la- bour and care, a Form of Process which continues to be its directory in 453 cases of discipline down to this day. In its main particulars it is also followed by the Free Churcii of Scotland and generally by other Presby- terian bodies who have not framed special forms for themselves. This form is well worth the attention of ministers and elders ; it clearly and, U])on the whole, wisely sets down the principles Mhich pertain to disci- pline and the proper methods of Ecclesiastical procedure. It may be found in the " Compendium of the Laws of the Church of Scotland" by Stewart of Pardovan Part 1 edition 1830 page 141, also in the " Acts of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland 1638-1842", by the Church Law Society page 404, and in an accessible book entitled " A copious and Comprehensive Summary of the Laws and Regulations of the Church of Scotland from 1560 to 1850" ; published at Aberdeen 1853, page 154. This Form of Process has evidently been the model upon which the Forms of four of the, American Presbyterian Churches which we have consulted has been framed. The best and oldest of these is that of the Old School Presbyterian Church amended and ratified in the year 1821. It is published by the Board of Publication Philadelphia and can easily be procured by booksellers in this country. " Hill's Practice of the several Judicatories of the Church of Scotland" contains also excellent directions for the conducting of the Discipline of the Church, and should be in the library of every minister. The more recent and in many respect excellent work of Forbes, enti- tled " Digest of Rules and Procedure in the Inferior Courts of the Free Church of Scotland" contains many suggestions applicable to the dises- tablished state of the Church of much value. By far the most clear, concise and yet comprehensive statement of the nature, objects and methods of Discipline may however be found iu the book styled, " Rules and Forms of Procedure in the Church Courts of the United Presbyterian Church" adopted ad interim, by the Synod of that Church in the year 1848. At page 104 of the edition of 1848 the Grounds, Subjects and Ends of Discipline are admirably stated and the different kinds of Church Censures are carefully defined. We know of no better cautions and counsels on this most difficult and delicate de- partment of ministerial duty than those which are contained in the sixth chapter of this Book. The cautions against officiousl}' intermeddling with matters that are purely civil or prying into the family concerns or private conduct of individuals, -against interfering in personal quarrels or seeking out secret wickedness — are very necessary to be attended to. It states the ends contemplated by Church discipline to be the main- tenance of the Church's purity, respect for the authority of the Word of God, and the spiritual benefit of Church members. It is not of the na- ture of a penance or a punishment but an ordinance appointed by Christ and blessed by the Holy Spirit for the growth in grace and edification of the Church. It wisely says that much of the Discipline of the Church may be ex- ercised by ministers and elders in the way of private dealing and admo- nition. When however a process becomes necessary it counsels that great caution should be used in every step of the case. Private dealing and investigation should at all times jtrecede public process, but when public process is inevitable then the sins or offences charged should be clearly 454 stated with the circumstances of time and place together ■with the names of accuser and witnesses. The party accused should be formally cited to appear before the Church Court at least ten days before the trial of the case. Usually this citation may be personally by an elder or the minister but it is better that in all cases it should be by written summons under the hand of the Session Clerk. A copy of the accusation with a specifica- tion of the evidence should accompany the citation. Form of Citation of a person accused. By order of the Session of you Mr. are hereby summoned, (at the instance of C. D.) to appear before said Session and answer to the charge herewith presented, at on the day of at o'clock (Place and Date.) Session Clerk. A similar citation may be used for witnesses merely adding the object for which they are summoned. According to the Scotch Process, if the first citation be disregarded the party is cited a second and a third time, a reasonable time intervening between each, but in the later forms of process a second citation has been regarded as sufficient, with certifica- tion that if the party does not then appear, the case will proceed in his absence. Until however our Church lias adopted some rule oa this point, it may be well for Sessions and Presbyteries to adhere to the old practice. A party under discijiline is usually, in accordance with Matt. 5, 23, debarred from the Lord's Supper while the case is pending, when the offence, if proved, would infer suspension or deprivation. It is very necessary that ministers and elders should in all cases of disci- pline act with perfect judicial impartiality and calmness — should resist the temptation to which they are often in such circumstances exposed, to become personally interested or involved, to lose their tempers, or to appear to act from the impulses of feeling. Any weaknesses of these kinds, will destroy the gracious ends of Church discipline. While too it is right and necessary that they be faithful stewards of the mystery of God, still, too open an ear for scandals or too zealous an enquiry into or prosecution of offences is to be avoided. For other points reference may be made to the works above enumerated" Proceedings against Ministers or Elders. A process against an elder for immorality or heresy may commence in the Session and if necessary may be conducted in the formal method of libel, but before proceeding to deposition the matter should always be re- ferred to the Presbytery. A process against a minister can only commence in the Presbytery. If he be accused in writing by any person or persons, or if there be a fama clamosa, the case must be taken up, but in order to render an of- ence i)roper for the cognizance of a judicatory on the ground of com- mon fame the rumour must specify some ])articular sin or sins ; it must be generally, or widely spread ; it must not be transient but permanent, and ratlicr gaining strength than declining ; and it must be accompanied with strong presumption of truth. Taking- up charges on this ground requires great caution and much Christian prudence. When however a Presbytery finds it necessary to proceed they should appoint two or three of the most judicious of the brethren to make a 456 precognition of the case. This is done by conference with the person ac- cused and with others from whom correct knowledge of the facts may be obtained. They then make a written report to the Presbytery. If the result of this precognition be that the party accused confesses the sin charged, then the Presbytery without further process proceeds to admoni- tion and censure, but if the accusation be found frivolous or without foundation then the Presbytery dismisses the case with such expression of sympathy for the accused, or with such cautions against any impru- dences on his part out of which the fania may have risen as they deem (it. If there appear prima facie grounds for process then the Presbytery ap- points two or three of its members to prepare a libel, and if there be a party prosecuting then it is signed by him, but where the Presbytery is the libeler, they approve of the libel and cite the accused to appear at a meeting to be held at an interval of at least ten days. The party ac- cused is furnished with a copy of the Libel together with a list of witnes- ses in the case. At the meeting, the relevancy of the libel is considered, that is, whether the charges it contains be truly subjects for Church discipline or whether regarding them as such, the facts alleged, if proved, would be sufficient to convict the party of the sin or heresy charged. At this stage of the proceedings, in most Churches, the accused is placed at the bar and ceases to exercise his functions as a member of the court ; but the Free Church have, a few years ago, appointed that the relevancy of the libel and the propriety of serving it, be considered before the party is placed at the bar. Not until it is found relevant and formally served is the accused placed at the bar but then he is also suspended ad interim from the functions of his ministry. The old plan appears preferable, as it is plain that on the question of the relevancy of the libel, the libel itself may be defeated by the vote of the accused if he still retains his judicial functions. No injustice is done by placing him at the bar and allowing him to be heard on the relevancy. It is with us an open ques- tion whether at any stage of the proceeding a party shall be suspended from his ministerial as well as his judicial functions. In the Church of Scotland suspension is regarded as penal, and never resorted to without proof of sin, but in most other Churches, Presbyteries have, at their dis- cretion, su3j)ended the party accused from the exercise of his ofhce until the proceedings terminate. The old plan has much in its favour ; it seems not just to infiict an act of censure until sin be proved. There may, however, be cases of so aggravated a kind in which such summary proceedings may be necessary, but they are exceedingly rare, nor on their account should the good old maxim, that a man must be held innocent until he be proved guilty, be violated. Form of a Libel. Mr. A. B. Minister of the congregation of under the care of the Presbytery of You are indicted and accused at the instance of C. Mo- derator and D. E. and F. Members of the said Presbytery ; That Albeit by the Word of God and the laws of the Canada Presbyterian Churchy (here state the denomination of the offence, as drunkenness, &c.) is an of- fence of a heinous nature unbecoming the character and sacred profession of a minister of the Gospel and severely punishable by the laws and rules of this Church ; Yet true it is and of verity that you the said A. B. are guilty of the said offence in so far as on the day of one thousand eight hundred and sixty years, or on one or other of the days of that 456 month, or of the month preceding or following, you the said A. B. did at (here describe the place and circumstances of the offence) ; All which' or part thereof being confessed by you, or being found proven against you the said A. B. by the said Presbytery of before which you are to be tried, you the said A. B. ought to be punished according to the rules and discipline of the Church and the usages observed in such cases, for the glory of God, the edification of the Church and to the terror of others holding the same sacred office. Signed at in name, presence and by appointment of the Presbytery of this day of 186 — years by Jl. B., Moderator. M. N., Clerk. As part of the same document their should follow a list of witnesses or of documents to be produced. Forjn of Citation. To A. B : — Take notice that you are summoned to appear before the Presbytery of , at and within , at o'clock on the day of 18 — , to answer to the libel, a copy of which is pre- fixed. Served this day of 18 — , by appointment of said Presbytery. M. N. officer, or other. A similar citation will suit for witnesses, only inserting that they are " summoned to give evidence in the charge now pending against A. B. before this Presbytery." The Presbytery having declared the Libel relevant then proceed to probation which being concluded the accixsed is heard in his own de- fence. According to the ordinary process the Presbytery, when it libels, is put in the awkward position of both prosecutor and judge. This is avoided in the American Churches by the Presbytery appointing one of their number to act as prosecutor, and who in so acting demits his judi- cial functions for the time. This is a simple remedy for a manifest in- congruity which might at once be adopted b}'' us. According to the decision of the Church in 1843, Appendix A. Legal Agents are not al- lowed to appear for parties libeled ; yet it seems as if there might, for the ends of justice, be a modification of this rule and the accused be per- mitted the assistance of a minister of the Church in conducting his de- fence. We have known cases in which for the prevention of injustice such aid was manifestly required. The Scotch verdict of " not proven" is one that in the case of a mi- nister libeled should not be given. To send a minister to his congre- gation with such a verdict against him would be a serious injury to the Church. The verdict it appears to us should be " guilty" or " not guilty," giving the full benefit of any doubt, to the accused. If guilty the Presbytery proceed to such censure as the case demands and either suspend for a specified time, or sine die ; or depose from the oflSce of the Holy Ministry. This is done by the Moderator as follows. For in of Deposition. In the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, the Sole King of this Church and by virtue of the power and authority committed by Him to it, I do now solemnly depose you Mr. A. B. Minister of the congregation of from the office of the Holy Ministry, proliibiting and discharging you 457 from exercising the same or any part thereof under the pain of the highest censure of the Church ; and I do declare the congregation of — vacant from and after the day and date of this sentence. Suspension of a minister in unendowed Churches is necessarily fol- lowed by a dissolution of the pastoral tie between him and his congre- gation. A party deposed can only be reponed by the Supreme Court. In taking evidence a solemn affirmation of the truth by witnesses is generally deemed sufficient ; but if, for the ends of justice, it appear ne- cessary to put a witness on oath the Church has always claimed the right to do so in the due exercise of its disciplinary prerogatives ; nor are we aware that this right and usage has ever been called in question by the civil Courts. Oath or Declaration by a Witness. I solemnly declare (or I swear by Almighty God as I shall answer to God at the great day of judgment) that I will tell the whole truth and nothing but the truth so far as I know or shall be asked. (The witness in swearing holds up his right hand.) In some cases an oath of Purgation is taken by a party accused but such a process is open to grave objections and should not be resorted to except under very peculiar circumstances. c. Election and Ordination of Elders or Deacons. Experience has shown that it is commonly not judicious, that elders or deacons should be elected and ordained in Churches over which mi- nisters have not been appointed or during the vacancy of any fixed charge. When however it is deemed expedient in such cases to proceed to the election of elders or deacons in no case should this be done with- out the express sanction of the Presbytery. Xo rule for the election of office-bearers has been adopted by our Church. That practice which congregations have usually adopted should, unless reasons to the contrary can be shown, generally be con- tinued. Diflferent methods of giving effect to the voice of the Church in the election of elders and deacons have been followed, but that which seems most practicable and suitable is the plan of requesting the members of the Church to write the names of the parties they wish to become elders or deacons on a slip of paper with their own signatures ; the several slips to be given in to an elder appointed for the purpose. The Session shall thereafter make an enumeration of the votes and, ac- cording to the number of office-bearers required, those who have the most votes shall be regarded as duly elected. By this process it will almost always happen that the votes of a Church will cluster round two or three, as it may be, persons suitable for the office. The persons elected being ascertained and announced the Session shall, if in their judgment they are suitable for the office to which they have been chosen, deal with them as to accepting the same and on obtaining their consent shall proceed to their ordination in the usual form. An Edict to the following effect shall be read before the congregation on the Sabbath previous to the ordination. 458 Edict for the Ordination of Elders or Deacons. Whereas A. B. & C. Members of this Church (insert their designations and residences) having been duly elected Elders (or Deacons) of this con- gregation and having accepted said call, the Session having judg- ed them qualified for the said office agreed to issue their Edict, as they hereby do, giving notice to all persons and especially to the members of this congregation that if any of them have any objections to state why the aforesaid A. B. & C. or any of them should not be ordained to the office of Elders (or Deacons) they may repair to the Session appointed to meet at on the 'day of at o'clock to state the same, with certification that if no valid objections be then made, the before-mentioned persons will be ordained in this Church on Sabbath the day of one thousand eight hundred — (Place and date) Attested by -Session Clerk. After sermon on the day appointed the minister shall, after stating the facts of the election, call upon the persons elect to answer the questions of the Formula to be found at page 11 title 2 of this Book. These having been satisfactorily answered he shall then by prayer set them apart to the office of Elder (or Deacon) and along with the other members of Ses- sion give them the right hand of fellowship declaring them to be Elders (or Deacons) of this Church. The minister shall afterwards give such exhortations to the persons ordained and to the congregation in regard to their reciprocal duties as he may deem meet. At the first meeting of Session thereafter a minute of the ordination shall be recorded and the names of the parties ordained inserted. They are also required to sign the Formula, page 11 title 4, either at the time or to agree to do so when called upon. Tn some instances elders have Vjeen ordained by the laying on of the minister's hands but this is unusual and at page 41 it will be seen that the Synod has enjoined Presbyteries to see that in the meantime elders be ordained in the usual way until some further deliverance be given on the subject. Deacons. The Synod has not yet adopted any standing Law for the constitution of Deacons' courts. A prejudice seems to exist in the minds of many minis- ters and members of the Church against this office, the result of which is that not one half of our congregations have entrusted the management of their pecuniary and secular affairs to these scriptual Office-bearers. Much evil we believe has resulted to the Church from this cause. It is not easy to understand how, upon Presbyterian principles. Churches can be ficripturally constituted without Deacons. If we may dispense with or- dained Deacons so may we with ordained Elders. The authority for the one office is just as clear and full as that for the other. This the Church has, in the first and second Books of Discipline and in the Form of Church government solemnly acknowledged. At the first inception of our Church in this Province, it was contemplated that the office of Deacon, which had long fallen into disuetude, should be restored in every con- gregation ; for this purpose the regulations about Deacons, at page 43 title 4 were drawn up by the Commission of Synod and subsequently confirmed 459 by the Synod itself. These are the only rules which our Deacons' Courts have to regulate their constitution and proceedings. For the peace and good order of the Church, we trust that ere long, in this as in other mat- ters, the authority of God's word will every where be acknowledged. E- Election of Ministers. No particular form has been prescribed by the Synod for the election of ministers to vacant congregations, and perhaps it is better that in the peculiar position of the Church in this new country, such proceed- ings should be conducted by Presbyteries and congregations as wisdom and prudence dictate. All that the Church stipulates for is that f\ill effect shall be given to the voice of the Christian people. Congre- gations that are vacant most generally meet at the call of the elders, or by consent among themselves, to ascertain whether they are pre- pared to proceed to the election of a minister. It is desirable that such meetings should be called with caution, and that a minister preside at them. If there appears to be a general desire to obtain the service of some minister whom the congregation have heard preach or with whom they have become acquainted by enquiry and public report ; the congre- gation then petition the Presbytery, and, it may be, send a deputation of their members to the Presbytery, requesting what is technically called a " Moderation in a Call," which simply means, that a minister may be appointed to preside at a meeting for the election and calling of a minis- ter. At this stage of the proceedings it is very necessary that a correct communion roll should be prepared and certified by the Presbytery. This is a matter most carefully attended to in Scotland, England and Ireland, but has been much neglected in this country. The necessity of such a step, especially in the case of fixed charges, will be apparent when there are competing candidates or disputed elections. If the Presbytery are satisfied that the congregation are ripe for a call, and prepared to provide an adequate stipend for a minister, which should in no case be less than $500.00, they appoint a minister to preach and moderate in a call, or appoint a meeting of Presbytery for the purpose on a day named of which due notice shall be given in the form following. — Intimation by a Presbytery appointing a Moderation in a Call. It is hereby intimated in name and by the appointment of the Presby- tery of that iu terms of an application from this con- gregation, a meeting will be held within this Church on- the day of next, at o'clock, for the pur- pose of moderating in a call to a minister. The Rev. A. B. to preach and preside. (Place and date,) Presbytery Clerk. After sermon, the minister presiding shall announce the purpose of the meeting, and call upon the members to proceed. Some member of the Church may then move that, Mr. A. B., minister or preacher of the Gospel, be elected and called to be pastor of this Church. If this motion be seconded, the minister shall ask, if any one has any other motion to 460 propose. If there be no other motion, it is usual for the moderator to declare that the person proposed has been duly elected, but sometimes he asks for a shew of hands, or that the congregation stand up to signify their assent to the motion. If there be a competing motion, either for delay in the election, or for another candidate, then the proper procedure is to call the Communion roll, and mark the votes, but frequently the irregular process is taken of asking a show of hands of those present, and in new or partially organized Churches, this plan may be the best possible, but whatever irregularities of this kind may be allowed for the present necessity, it should not be overlooked, that according to the constitution of the Church, only those who are on the communion roll of the congregation have a right to vote in the election of office-bearers. If there be a mioority opposing the election, the moderator urges them to fall iu with the majority, and unite in the call, but when the minority is large and refuses to do this, the Presbytery must give weight to that circumstance in their consideratian of the Call. The moderator having declared the minister to be duly elected, he then produces and reads a Call to the following effect. — Form of a Call to a Minister. WE the office-bearers, members and adherents, of the congregation at desirous of promoting the glory of God and the good of the Church; being destitute of a fixed pastor, and being assured by good information or our own experience, of the ministerial abilities, piety, literature and prudence, as also of the suitableness of the gifts of you Mr. A. B., preacher (or minister) of the Gospel, for this charge, have agreed tojinvite, call, and entreat, like as we, by these presents, do heartily invite, call, and entreat you to undertake the office of pastor among us, and the oversight of our souls, and further upon your accepting this our Call, we promise you all due respect, encouragement, and subjec- tion in the Lord, and to contribute to your suitable maintenance as God may prosper us. IN "WITNESS whereof we have subscribed these presents at this day of one thousand eight hundred and • years. This Call will then be subscribed by the ciders, deacons, members, and adherents. In some cases adherents sign a separate concurrence in the Call, but this practice is falling into disuse, and most generally the •whole congregation unite in the Call ; members being distinguished from adherents by the letter M after their names. After the Call is signed, a written guarantee or promise of stipend, is given in to the Presbytery by the Deacon's Court, or by persons appointed by the congregation to do so in their name. If the Presby- tery be present it may then sustain the Call, and order it to be forwarded to the Presbytery within whose bounds the minister elect resides, or in the case of a Probationer or minister without charge, directly to himself if within their own bounds. If the Presbytery be not present, then the minister presiding shall by his signature certify the Call and present it at the first meeting of the Presbytery, to be by them proceeded with in the usual form. The Call is however, generally left for a few days in the hands of the elders for further signatures. 461 F. Trials for Ordination. If the person elected be a probationer and accepts the Call then the Presbytery shall appoint him pieces of trial the same as those required by the Act for the licensing of students at page 20 title II of this book. If the Presbytery sustain said trials they then appoint a day on which they shall meet for the ordination, and order that an Edict to the following effect be served upon the congregation two Sabbaths before the day appointed for ordination. Edict for the Ordination of a Minister. The Presbytery of having resolved to proceed to the ordina- tion of Mr. A. B. who was duly called to be minister of this congregation and whose trials were sustained, directed an Edict to be issued in com- mon form ; and they did and hereby do issue their Edict giving notice to all persons concerned, and especially to the members of this congre- gation, that if any of them have any thing to object to the life or doctrine of the said Mr. A. B. they may repair to the Presbytery which is (D. V.) to meet in this place on— ——day of next at o'clock • — with certification that if no objections be offered the Presbytery shall then proceed to the ordination of the said Mr. A. B. to the office of the Holy Ministry and induct him into the pastoral charge of this Church and Congregation. {Place and Date) Presbytery Clerk. The Presbytery generally appoints some minister to serve the Edict but in case this may not be convenient it may be read by any member of the Church or in the event of no Sabbath services intervening it may otherwise be made as extensively known as possible among the con- gregation. The Presbytery shall also appoint one of their number to preach and preside at the ordination and another to address the minister and people, or two are appointed for these last duties. On the day of meeting the Edict shall be returned to the Presbytery attested as duly served and is generally again read to the congregation before the proceedings com- mence. If objections be offered at this stage, the old rule requires that they be proved instanter ; but such an arbitrary process could scarcely be fol- lowed by us. The Presbytery while dealing with them promptly would still have to act in the circumstances as they deemed best. After sermon the minister presiding shall narrate the steps taken in the matter and shall call upon the minister elect to answer the questions in the Formula, page 11, title, 2. Satisfactory answers having been given to these questions the Moderator comes down from the pulpit and theCan- didate kneeling is by prayer and the laying on of the hands of the Pres- bytery set apart to the office of the ministry. After which the Moderator declares that in the name and byauthority of the Presbytery he admits and inducts him into the pastoral charge of that Church ; and, along with the members of Court, gives him the right hand of fellowship ; ad- dresses are then delivered to minister and people by the minister or ministers appointed. It is the custom at tlie conclusion of the service 462 for the congregation as they retire to shake hands with the minister or- dained. The Presbytery then requires the minister either to sign the Formula, page 11, title 1, or to agree to sign it when called upon to do so, his name is then added to the Roll and the proceedings terminate. In some Churches it is usual at ordinations to appoint a minister to give an address on Presbyterian Church government, but this lengthens the service greatly, in general the discussion of this topic may be left to the discretion of the minister presiding. G. Translation. The process of translation is so well known and so fully described in Hill and Forbes, that it is not necessary to give details here. The only point in regard to which there seems some difference of opinion and practice, is the stage at which the Presbytery puts the Call into the hands of the minister called. Some Presbyteries do this at the meeting at which the Call is first produced ; others again place it in his hands at the second meeting, after the other parties are heard, and when he is asked to state his mind regarding the Call ; others do not present it to him until the whole case has been heard, and they have agreed to translate. This last process seems to be the most orderly. It is surely not well to put a Call into a minister's hands until he is free to accept of it. Citation in Cases of Translation. A Call from the congregation of to Mr. C. D. minister of this congregation, having been laid before the Presbytery of at their last meeting they have agreed to take the steps usual in such a case, and accordingly hereby summon the Church Session and members of this congregation, to appear at a meeting of the Presbytery to be held at on the day of next at o'clock that they may give reasons if they have any why Mr. C. D's. translation may not proceed ; with certification that if no appearance be made they shall be held as consenting to said translation. (Place and Date.) Presbytery Clerk. A copy of the reasons of translation should be sent to the congregation. They afterwards meet and either appoint commissioners to answer the reasons and oppose the translation or they leave the whole matter in the hands of the Presbytery. In the case of a Resignation the Edict, and proceedings are mutatis mutandis the same. Declaration of Pastoral Charge Vacant. In consequence of the translation (Resignation or death as the case may be) of Mr. C. D. which occurred on the day of last the Presbytery of hereby intimate and declare that the pastoral charge of this congregation is now vacant and further call upon all par- ties having interest in the same to proceed to fill up the vacancy with all convenient speed, and according to the laws and practice of the Church. (Place and Date) Presbytery Clerk. 463 The services at fin induction and the Edict used are the same, inuta- tis mutandis, as at an ordination, only that there is no imposition of hands by the Presbytery. H. Various Forms. Certificate of License to a Probationer. (Place and Date.) It is hereby certified in name and by authority of the Presbytery of that Mr. A. B. having passed the usual course of literature and philosophy and thereafter having attended the course of Theology re- quired by the Synod of this Church, appeared to be taken on trials for License by this Presbytery ; that the Presbytery on examination having^ found him duly qualifed, and the consent of the Synod having been ob- tained, did take him upon public probationary trials, and on a conjunct view of the whole of said trials declared their satisfaction with the same and agreed that he should be licensed to preach the Gospel. Where- upon on the day of in the year one thousand eight hundred and after the usual questions were put, and having signed (or agreed to sign) the Formula required by the Church, he the said Mr. A. B. was Licensed to preach the Gospel wherever he may be orderly called, and the clerk was instructed to grant certificate of License and testimonials in common form. Pres. Clerk. Form of Transference for Students on Trials for License. The Presbytery of having applied for and obtained permission from the Synod which met at , in the year , to take Mr. S. M. on public probationary trials, did accordingly prescribe to him subjects of examination, as the Act for the Licensing of Students directs. (State what, if any, of the trials were heard.) At this stage, Mr. S. M. requested to be transferred to the Presbytery of ; and this Pres- bytery agreed to grant said transfer ; and hereby do transfer Mr. S. M. to the Presbytery of , for the completion of said trials, with a view to License. Attested this day of , one thousand eight hundred and sixty — , at . M. N., Pres. Clerk. Presbyterial Certificate. As the " Act to regulate calls in certain cases" requires that no Pres- bytery shall induct or ordain a missionary or probationer coming from another Presbytery without a Presbyterial certificate, the following form may be useful. That the bearer Mr. C. D. who was duly licensed to preach the Gospel, has resided within the bounds of this Presbytery for the past — ; that he has conducted himself, so far as known to the Presbytery in a way becoming his position and his views of the Holy Ministry : all which is certified in name and by authority of the Presbytery of this — — day of one thousand eight hundred and^— — years by M. N. Pres. Clerk. 464 Eldefs Commission. The Synod of 1844 passed an Act permitting Sessions to appoint as their representative at the Synod, Elders in any Session of the Church, and prescribed a Form of Commission for that purpose ; see, page 21, title 13. The following form of an Elder's Commission to the Presbytery and Synod according to the usual practice may be useful. At the day of one thousand eight hundred and- years tlie Session of congregation being met and constituted with prayer ; Int'zr alia the Session did, and hereby do, choose and appoint Mr. a faithful acting elder in this congregation to be their Com- missioner to represent them in the Presbytery (and Synod) for the ensuing twelve (or six) months willing him to attend all the diets thereof and to have in view in all his actings the glory of God and the best interests of the Church; and they authorise the Moderator or Clerk to subscribe this as his Commission. M. N. Mod. (or Clerk) J. Trust Deeds. It is of the utmost importance for the peace and welfare of the Church that each congregation should have a good conveyance of its property in Trust according to the prescriptions of the Provincial Statutes. These Statutes are at present in an unsatisfactory state and require revision. The Model Trust Deed prepared by this Church, in 1848 while an excel- lent document in many respects is yet far too large and might easily be reduced to one t^ird of the size ; it is besides only suitable for C. W. The chief points to be attended to in drawing up a Trust are that, after the Formula of legal conveyance to certain persons in Trust for a Church in connection with the Canada Presbyterian Church, there shall be a clause defining the qualifications of Trustees, how long they shall hold office, how their successors shall be appointed, and who shall vote at the election of said Trustees. In Canada East the powers of Trustees are limited by Statute to the holding of the property : they can neither mortgage nor sell ; and these two clauses are almost all that are required there. But in Canada West, Trustees may, under certain conditions, mort- gage and sell ; but, as these powers are defined by Statute, they need not bo inserted in the Deed. A clause may also be added giving power to the congregation to administer their property, in the event of the Church uniting with any other Orthodox Presbyterian Church under any other name, in connection with such united Church and under such new name. In no case should the provisions of Trust Deeds inter- fere with the spiritual and ecclesiastical aflFairs of the congregations. These are already defined and provided for in the constitution of the Church in connection with which the property of the congregation is to be administered. By attending to the above suggestions any Notary or Lawyer may draw up a good and useful Deed. The probability is that immediately after the union of the Churches a new and suitable model Deed will be prepared for the use of congregations. Presbyteries should in the meantime see to it that before ordaining ministers over congrega- tions their Trust Deeds are in conformity with the principles of the i 465 c Church. Some congregations have from mistaken notions sought to secure their property by a general designation for Presbyterian uses or for the propagation of the doctrines of the Westminster Confession of Faith. All such trusts are the fruitful sources of strife, and manifest a want of loyalty to the Church whose privileges are claimed and enjoyed. The following memoranda relative to Church property, slightly altered from those issued by the Synod in connection with the Church of Scotland, are applicable in all respects to all Presbyterian Churches : Memoranda. The Acts regulating the holding of real property by Religious Socie- ties of Presbyterians and eleven other denominations in C. W., are the following, viz. : 9 Geo. IV., cap. 2, amended by 3 Vic, cap. 73, and the 12 Vic, cap. 91, of which the first Act authorizes the acquiring lands for the site of a Church, Meeting-house, or Chapel, or Burying Ground, while the second doing away with this limitation as to the purposes for which the land is to be held, empowers the several Religious Societies named in the previous Act, to hold lands, " For the support of public worship and the propagation of Christian knowledge." The 8 Vic, cap. 15, is intended to extend to other denominations of Christians the bene- fits of these Acts. The Act regulating the holding of Church property in C. E. is 2 Vic, cap. 26, entitled the " Religious Congregations' Act." In order to the acquisition of real property under these Acts, the fol- lowing directions may be useful : — 1. Let a Meeting of the Congregation be assembled. 2. At such Meeting, let Trustees be appointed to hold the lands to be acquired, and let the name by which the Trustees are to be known be adopted. 3. The holding of the Meeting, the appointment of the Trustees, and the name by which the Trustees are to be known, should be specified in the Deed. 4. The purpose for which the lands are to be held, and the nature of the Trust should also be specified in the Deed. 5. The Deed must specify the mode in which the Trust is to be per- petuated. 6. Registration of the Deed must be had in C. W. within 12 months, and in C. E. within two years, from its date ; but immediate Registration is recommended. It is suggested that the Memorial of Deeds in C. W. should be a tran- script of the Deed, and should be under the hands and seals of the grantors ; because, in this way, the Trust is open to all ; and because, if the Deed is lost, the Memorial will be evidence of its contents. In C. E. the Deed itself must be registered, together with a description and measurement of the land by a sworn surveyor. As a general rule, the proceedings to acquire lands, and their sale, should be conducted under legal advice. GENERAL INDEX. Pages- Acts passed previous to 1844 — Appendix A. 451 Address to the Queen 426-42 7 " to the Prince of Wales 428 " to the Governor General 430 " to Congregations 431 Admission of Ministers 110-125 Aged and Infirm Ministers 264 Agency Committee 137-398 Amherstburg Church Property 49 Appeals fallen from 104 Appendix of Forms and Procedure 451 Baptism, Act on 56 " Roman Catholic 59, 61 Baptised Infants, Relatiion to the Church 62 Barrier Act 18 Benevolent Schemes 253 Bills and Overtures, Committee on 22 Boston Church, U. S 97 Brockville — Instrumental Music 63 ' " Presbytery of 34, 444 Business Committee 23 Buxton Missions 168 Calls, Act to regulate 19 Call to Mr. Roger, Peterboro' 98 " to Mr. Clark, Quebec 99 " Form of 460 Canada Presbyterian Church 329 Catechists 161, 216 Cases, conducting of 23 Church in King 107 Church Discipline — Form of Process 452 Citation, forms of 454-456 Clergy Reserves and Rectories 411-419 Clerkship of Synod 405 Cobourg, Presbytery of 29, 30, 444 Collections for Free Church Missions 175 " for sufferers by fire, Quebec 266 " Synodical 267 Colportage 407-411 Commissions of Synod 26 Committees of Synod, how appointed 25 Communion with Slaveholders 353 Constitution and Principles of the Church 1 468 Pages. Correspondence ; Free Church 336 " Synod of New Brunswick 341 " Church in Ireland 342 " " in England 344 " Free Church, U.S 346 " New School Presbyterian Church, U. S.... 346 " Old School do. do. do. on Slavery 349 Deacons, duties of 39-45, 458 " Courts 43 " reference respecting 44 " election and ordination of 43 Debate, Order of 23 Deposition — Form of 456 Deputies from Scotland and Ireland 100 Deputations, Order concerning 24 Devotional Exercises at Synod 22 Discipline of the Church 66 Dissent and Protest, Rogers & Reid 5 Dissents, Order of 24 Duff, Dr., invited to Canada 184 Eldership, Tract on 433 Elders and Deacons, duties of 39 " edict for Ordination 458 " mode of ordaining • • • • 41, 457 " mode of electing 457 " at Synod, Act anent 21 " Form of Commission 21, 464 Election of Ministers, mode of 459 Expenses of Members at Church Courts 141 Ferrier, Dr., Case of 50 Financial Statistics — comparative statement from 1849 to 1860 450 Formulae, Act adopting 10 Formula for Ministers, &c 11 " for Ordination 11 Foreign Missions 175-185 " " Committee 1 76 " Churches, Deputations from 336 Free Church of Scotland Correspondence 7, 336 " grants from 1 73 " Missions, Collections for 175 French Canadian Missions 164 Hamilton, Presbytery of 29, 30, 445 Home Mission 142-1 74 " Scheme, remodelled 144 " duties of Committee 148 " Instructions to 151 " Preachers, &c. at disposal of 154 " of Presbyteries 155 469 Pages. Home Mission Central Fund 156 " Jurisdiction of Committee 156 " Funds, distribution of 161 Independence of Church Courts 452 India Mission — Missionaries 177 " " given up 179 Induction, irregularity at 104 Instrumental Music, Brockville. 63 Intemperance 379-381 Judicial Decisions . . 46-109 " On Doctrines , 46 " Peden's case 46 " On the Principles of the Church 50 " Ferrier's case 50 " Scott's case 55 " Baptism, Act on 56 " " Roman Catholic 59 " Baptised Infants 62 " On the Worship of the Church 62 " Instrumeutal Music 63 " Psalmody 62 " On the Discipline of the Church , 66 " Johnston's case 66 " McConechy's case 67 " McKenzie's case 69 " Marriage 70, 71 " Jurisdiction of Presbyteries 71 " Cameron's case .... 71 " Findlay's case 73 " Erasure of Session Minutes 73 " Mosa Case 73 " reference — Drs. Burns and Willis 74 " Sarnia case 77 " Andrew's case 78 " Liquour traffic 83 " Montreal, 1st case 83 " " 2nd case 87 " Wine at Lord's Table 88 " Worldly Amusements 89 " McMurray's case 89 " Ashburn and Utica case 90 " On Order and Procedure 90 " St. Gabriel Street Church, Montreal] 90 " New Charges .' 91-92 " Charge in Kingston 93 " Quebec — second charge 94 " Woodstock " " 96 " Boston Church, U.S 97 " Calls — Peterboro' case 98 " " Quebec case 99 470 Pages. Judicial Decisions — Deputies, status of 100 " Ordination by Foreign Churches 101 " Presbyterial Visitation — Dr. Burns . . . . • 102 " Knox Church, Toronto, case 103 " Appeals fallen from 104 " License, irregularity in 104 " Induction, " 104 " Cairn's case 105 " Geggie's case 105 " Beckwith case 105 " Ordinatian without charge 106 " Registration-Clerk 107 " Church in King 107 " Pembroke, arrears of stipend 108 •' Synodical Collections 109 " Session Records, Examination of 109 King's College, Toronto 237 Kingston, Presbytery of 30, 31, 32, 444 Knox, John, monument to 434 Knox Church, Toronto, case of 103 Knox College, Toronto 186-252 " Preliminary proceedings 186 " Seal 186 " Professors 187 " opened 189 " Committee 189 " designated 191 " general management 193 " Dr. "Willis and Mr. Rintoul, Professors 197 " Boarding-house 199, 210 " Constitution of 200 " Incorporation, Act of 201, 213, 217 " Young, G. P., Professor 207 " Buildings 209, 213, 217 " Literary Classes 210, 212 " Bursaries 210, 215 " Supplementary Lectures 211 " Aid from Free Church 211 " Hebrew Classes 211 " Trust Deed 213 " Students, Inspection of 215 " " as Catechists 216 " Property, Purchase of 217 " Burns, Dr., Professor 217 " Finances 223 " Declaration of Principles for 230 " Board of Management 231 " Senate 232 " Principal of 220, 232 " Professors et al, appointment of 233 " Sessions 234 " Admission of Students 234 471 Pages. Knox College, Curviculiun 234 " Examination of Students 236, 252 " Studenta licensed 240-249 " Preliminary training of Students 249 liibel, Form of 455 Libraries for Ministers, &c 433 Licensing of Students, Act for the 19 Licentiates, Admission of 1 11 License, irregularity in IO4 " Form of 4G3 " Certificate of 463 Liquor, traflRc in 83 London, Presbytery of 34^ 445 Loyal Addresses 426 Manses, erection of 140 Marriage — first Avife living 70 " with deceased wife's sister 71 " right to celebrate 71 Ministers without charge 38 Ministers et al, Admission of Ill " " received 115. " and Elders' Expenses at Church Courts 141 " Aged and Infirm, Fund for 264 " from Churches in United States 354 " Election of 459 " Call to 460 Ministry, sustentation of , 126 Minutes, Order to Print 431 Miscellaneous Orders and Decisions 431 Missions 142-185 " Home 142-174 " to Germans.. , 161 " to Red River 162 " to North American Indians 163 " French Canadian 164 " Buxton 168 " Grants from Free Church 173 " Foreign 175-185 " to India 177 " " given up 179 " to Vancouver's Island 181 Missionaries at disposal of H. M. Com 154 " salaries of 157 " additional required 158 " no vote in Synod 25 Missionary Society, Students' 167 Model Trust Deed 423-426 Moderation in a call, intimation of 459. Moderator, Letters to 24 " Appointment of 25 Montreal, Presbytery of 30, 31, 444 Motions and Votes, Order of 24 Mosa case 73 472 Pages. Oath or declaration by a witness 457 Obituary Notices 387-397 " Rev. Mr. Harris, Niagara 387 « " " Rintoul 389 " " Professor Esson 391 " Mr. J. Burns 392 " " J. Eraser 393 " Rev. A. Gale 394 " " Dr. Bayne 396 Ofl5cers of Synod 398 Order and Procedure, decisions on 90 " to Print Minutes 431 " " Reports 43 1 " for Presbytery Reports 431 Ordaining Elders and Deacons, mode of 41, 457 Ordination by Foreign Churches 101 " without a Charge 106 " Trials for 461 . " of Minister, edict for 461 Ottawa, Presbytery of. 33, 444 Papers to be sent to Synod Clerk 22 Perth and Brockville, Presbytery of 32 " changed into Ottawa 33 Popery 381-386 Presbyteries, division of 29 " Visitation of 25, 102 " Jurisdiction of 71 . " to Examine Session Records 109 Presbyterial Visitations 37, 451 " Sustentation Boards 137 Presbyterial certificate, form of 463 Presbytery of Hamilton and Toronto , 29 " of Cobourg 29, 30, 444 " of Kingston 30, 31, 32, 444 " of Montreal 30, 31, 444 " of Hamilton 29, 30, 445 " of Toronto 30, 445 " of Perth and Brockville 32 " of Ottawa 33, 444 " of Brockville and Ottawa 34 " of London 34, 445 " of Brockville 34, 444 " Reports 431 " Rolls, arrangement of 31 Prince of Wales Scholarship 430 Proceedings against Ministers and Elders 454 Procedure, Book of 420-423, 451 Protest of certain Ministers and Elders 2 " and Dissent by Messrs. Roger and Reid 5 Publication scheme 434 Recognition of God in the Season of the year 436 Record, Ecclesiastical and Missionary 398 473 Pages. Reformation — Ter-Centenary of 384 Registration of Marriages, &c 432 Registers in C. E 433 Religion, General Interests of 355-386 Reports of Synod Committees 23 Resignation— Clark 107 Revivals and State of Religion 355-367 Rolls of Presbyteries, Arrangement of 31 " of Presbyteries for 1860 Sabbath Sanctification 367-373 " Schools 373-377 Salaries of Missionaries 157 Sanctioning New Charges 91 Select Finance Committee 406 Schools separate C. W 435 " Religious instruction in 435 Session Minutes, erasure of 73 " Records to be examined 109 Slavery 349-355 Standards, Resolutions on 14 " Committee on 15 " Declaratory Act on 17 Standing Orders 22 Statistics of the Church 436-450 '< General instructions, 1846-1855 436 " Standing Committee appointed 441 " Final instructions 443 " Synod Roll for 1860 444 " Moderators and Members of Synod 1844-60 447 " Personal of Presbyteries for 1860 447 " Financial of Presbyteries for 1860 448 " Personal, — Comparative statement, 1849 to 1860 449 " Financial do. do. do .... 450 Status of Ministers without Charges 38 Stipend, Arrears of — Pembroke • 108 " Minimum, Overture on 139 Students' Licensing Act 19 " Preliminary Training of 249 " Admission to Knox College 234 " Examination, Subjects of 236 " Licensed ^ 240-249 " as Catechists 216 " as Evangelists 249 " Missionary Society 167 " transference, form of 463 Subordinate Church Courts 26 Sustentation of the Ministry 126 Synod, first Meeting of 1 " constituted and named 7 " Commissions of 26 Synodical Public Meeting 9 " Collections 109, 267-273 J.* 474 Ter-Centenary of Reformation in Scotland s^q^ Testimony, proposed draft of !.*!.*!!!! 13 Thompson, Mr. J., of Gait, Legacy '.".*.*.!!'.!!! l Y2 Toronto, Presbytery of !!'.." 30 445 Translation ' ^q2 " Citation in 4g2 Treasurer of Synod '.!'.!".'.*.".*.'.'.*. 405 Trust Deed, Model '.!'.!!!!!!*.!'.!'. 423 " " Instructions concerning 464 Union with Presbyterian Churches 273-336 " Presbytery of Niagara .".*.... 273 " Synod of Church of Scotland *.'.*.*.'.!!."..".'. 275 " Evangelical Churches .*...'.'!.".' 278 " Orthodox Presbyterians ][\[ 2 79 " with United Presbyterian Church 279-336 " Committee appointed 280 " • " action suspended 283 " " again appointed 284 " " Report of 1856 .'288 " First Basis proposed !!!*.'.".*.'.'.*. 289 " Resolution on, by United Presbyterian Synod" ! .... '. '. ...'.'.'. 293 " Report of Committee, 1858 298 " Basis by United Presbyterian Synod '.*..'. 302 " " considered and adopted .'.'.*.'*.' 305 " " Reasons of Dissent by Dr. Bayne e< ai 310 " " " Answers to 313 " " approved of by Presbyteries and Sessions 318 " " addition to by U. P. Synod 319 " " Preamble to proposed '.'.'.'.'.'. 324 " " " amended and adopted 326 " name adopted — Canada Presbyterian Church 822 " consummated at Montreal * . * 330 " Reasons of Dissent from, by Rev. J. Smellie 330 " " Answers to 332 " Reasons of Dissent from, by Messrs. McPherson and Fraser. .' 333 " " Answers to 334 " Committee of Arrangements ] 335 United Church — Canada Presbyterian Church 329 University College, Toronto [[[] 239 Vacant Pastoral charge, declaration of 462 Vancouver's Island, Mission t» .'.'.'.'. 181 Visitation of Presbyteries '.'.'.'.'. 35 " Presbyterial [[[ 37 Weekly newspaper 433 Widows and Orphans' Fund 253-264 Wine at the Lord's Table '.'.'.'..... 88 Wordly Amusements g9 Worship of the Church, decisions on the .'.'.' 62 if !yy:^>-^.'»p£-iBHitiaaA'*8»rvv«N .; j-zjiris; Princeton Theological , Sem'"an[ j-ibraries 1 1012 01245 6416