mst-t ■^SMS .!i yJi^' Z «p«». 'ZfTy^sMW A»l '^\ ■^ :VtLi. ■M iv^- ■^'$[tTir-. ■iiiiiiiiii" %*! r ^ ,.,,/.- COLLECTION OF PURITAN AND ENGLISH THEOLOGICAL LITERATURE to LIBRARY OF THE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY ^~ f * 't THE HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF Great Britain, FROM THE rof our Saviour, untill the Year of our L o R. D, I 6 6 7. Witt* aiiexad: Succeflionof theBifliops, and the memorable A6ts of many of them. TOGETHEI^ With an Addition of all the Eqi^P|'"Cardinals ; and the feveral Orders of Englifh Moi^l^riars, and Nuns^ in former Ages. ..; ^r,';^c' ■' Vv' ill I CI- -A-., i-^i-r. ■ '-'/ e. £. N DON, Printed for Philip Chetxptn, ^?i*^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^Y ^^^ Book-fellers, _j ^ 7 4; /^ 6 y^Jj^ # 'ur o Honoratiffimis. D""- HENRICO TVLSE ii;quiti Aurato : Senator! , 8c Vicecomici Londonmfi. Jacobi Reading. ARichardo How. Petro Rich. ^^Johanni Shorter. In Agro Surrienfi Armigeris; 'VirisfummiCandoris : PietatisacLiterarum fautoribus: hunc Librum in perpetuum obfervantias Teftimonium D. D. D. G. G. h 2- TO TO THE R E A D E Here is no greater Priviledge hejlowed by the Lord upon one Nation above others^ than in the free nfp- nfthe s acred Scriptures and Ordi- nances : lirael had much advantage above the Gentiles^ chiefly, or principally^ be The GovenantSjthe giving of the Law, and the Promi(es, Rom. 9 4. all which are cof^prehended under the Oracles, and wordofGcd. So faith therfalmji, Pftl. 147.19,20. He il^eweth his word unto Jacob, his ftatutes and his judgements unto Ifrael : he hath not dealt (b with any nation , and as for his judgements they have not known them. He mah^^s no mention of the Xabernacle, or Temple, the Ark^ of the Covenant, the altar of burnt-offering, the golden altar of incenfe, the Ordinance of Circumcijion, &c. though in thefe they were priviledged d- hve other Nations j hnt he Jingletb ont this as a prime privif ledge^ To the Reader. ledge, that he pewed them hk mrd, his jiatutes and mdH' mentT. Uovp deeply then is this nation of ours ( even England 1 indebted to God, to whom the Lord hath codmiUed his hah Oracles \ hove much are we bound to him f on this nnfpeakable gift .' And herein the fmgular goodnefs-'ef God to this natim is much to be obferved, not enely in m(iting it with the Gofpel for II ^^ ^^^^''^^ y^"^""^ '^"d. more', but alfo in giving it the hght of the Gofpel very early, even in the Jpojiles dayos. Dwers Writers of good credit do tcftjfie, that even in thofe dayes the Britan's in our Ife did cotzfent to Chriliian Reli- gion, and puUckly profefed it in their Churches, as well as other parts of the World. '\ ^'^ •s t\mtr.Magn. The Authors of the Theatre of Great Britain, fpeakjn? of B"/. , the Antiquity of the ChriUian Faith in Britain, teftifie in this manner. As we have fearched the firji foundation of our Faith, fo neither want we Tefiimonies concerning the continu- ance of the fame in this Land until following Tojierities^ al- though the inym-yofti^a^a^d WLir, have con fumed many Ke- cords: /cr ^/.e Britan's that, were daifyjirength^ned in their received Faith by the Doaritii of many Learned and- godly Men, left not their Firjir-love with the' Church hy A:fbi ' ■■P'^^ks) and- pmsku the Gofpel with good juc-cejs, e^en hm the fame,- at -length, went- forth with a bolder countenance -by the favoT^'Uff'^- B'febmi r^' ^/Adrian, Antoninus -Piusv -^^-^'-Marcu^-Aiifei 4U4.C.9. ""^' Emperours of Rome , m Exikbrntafh^mteB^ZifiM in Britain was elfablifie'd by King'^Lucm i fo ■irtm^'-'^as fame Learned Men have, obferved-', becaufe a Prhice--of great lujire and glory i. the Light of the Gofpel bre-ai^?^$ forth in this our JJle in fuch aperfpicums manner -by hfs Con- - ^ vcrfion, To the Reader. verfion, that, all Chrilrian Churches took^ notice thereof : Of whom a great Antiquary thus fpea^eth, Lucius in Chriftum credit, Chriftoq; dicatas vfferks.de EccJefes dotatj diftindas ordinat urbes. vrimrd.^.i,6. GeofFery hich there voas a general perfecMtion of ChriQU- ciid.iib.de ex- ans, ( as Gildas, and others after him do mtnefs) in that it rid. & conqu. gj^gj, f^ad Kings not fo depending on the perfecuting Emper- ours 5 and fo far from the Name and Nature of perfecutors^ that they ever vpere friends and favourers of Chriftians. And for this caufe many that xoere perfecuted for Ghriftianity in other Countries, fled hither for refuge, rphere for themfelves they might more quietly enjoy the Liberty of their Confcience and Religion ; and for others defirous to be injiru&ed in the Truth thereof and not k?pt back,vpith fuch terreurs of perfe- cution, as in other Countries, they might vpith more confidence and boldnef, and vpith great hope of fruit and encreafe Preach and Teach it unto them. This was a preparative to a more ge- neral Converfion of this Nation to Chrifiianity which fol/otved afterwards. This IJIand' was alfo the more quiet, in refpeSt of the Jituation, remote dijiance, and feparation from the reii of the chief commanding places of the Roman Empire. The Name [ England 3 y^««^ derived frofi^ the manner of the Jituation of this Ijland in the Weji and North .' for that Eng, in the Antient Teutonick^Tongue, as well as in the Modern^ doth (ignifie narrow, fir ait, or a nooks ^nd a Portugal alluding thereunto hath this verfe, AngUa terra ferax & fertilis Angulus Orbis, Infiila praedives, qus toto vix eget orbe. A fruitful Angle, [^England"] Thou, Another world art faid : An Ifland rich^and haft no need of other Countrie's aid. And although after this, many errours in DoBrine, Jind corruptions in Worfiip crept in more and more into our Church, and To the Reader. and the Pope encroaching by degrees^ the Churches of God in thk Land did much degenerate: as they did in other Nati- ons, fo that in Frocef of time the whole world wondered after the Beaft^ and they Worfhipped the Beaft, laying, who is like unto the Beaft ? Revel. 13. 334. let even in the darkeji times ^ when our Church fuffered the greateji Ecclipfe^ vphen her Silver voas become Drofs, and her Wine was mixed vpith Water , it pleafed God then to raife up fome eminent Perfons to Jiand up for the Defence of the Truth in this Na- tion, and to difcover the impojiures of the Church of Rome. Tea, horv many were there that fuffered Martyrdom for the Gofpel here in England, who detejied Image-rvorfiip, and other abominations in the dayes of King Henry the fourth. King Henry the fift, and others afterward, long be- fore Luther was born. Thefe and the like in other Na- tions may be (aUed the forlorn Hope, who did obequi- tare Antichrifti caftra, & ad pugnam elicere, advance up to, and ride round about the camp of Antichrijl, and provoke him to the main-fight* - What wonderful! deliveranres hath God wrought for this church and Nation in fever al ways .as a Spani- ard by the Mother's fide : and Solemn Forms of Than^- giving and Prayer were made for Her CoiKepion and fafe delivery : and befides an AB pafjed in Tarliament^ that if ^ecn Mary died in Child-bed , King Philip pould have the Government of this Land during the Child's TSSonage : and if thefe things had fncceeded, into what mifery might'this Lctid have fallen .adsd ) to build the old waji placet^ to raife up the foundations of mavy generatiofts : pe found the Kingdom mea^ fie left it Jircng : fie found it poor, fie left it rich : they that ■ . vcere enemies to her and the Gofpcl rvhich they profefied and maintained^ votre mighty^ cmd.hk^ly to oppofe^ x'lz. the French ^«,J Spaniards, thej that vpere friends ( as the Protejiants in France and the NetherlaDtls ) mere roeak^^ and needed her help. But the Lord ofHoJis Made her a terrour to his and hir efzemies^ and a fnceonr to all his people at home and abroad. And C it feemeth ) the Lord began betimes to caufe his terrour to fall upon theAd'verfaries : for the Council tf/ Trent ended in a -very few years after fi}e began her Reign ; and a motion was made^ that the Heads ^ or chief of the Trotejiants^ fljould be excommmicated ^ and in particular ^etn Elizabeth. Hift. Concil. Bfit the Efftperour Ferdinznd fent then^-iZ wejage to cool their Tnd. lib. 8. heat^ and wrote to the Tope and the Legates^ that if the Coun- cil would not yield that fruit as was defired^ that they might . fee an union of all Catholicks to reform the Qhurch^ at the leaji they fiould not give occafion to the 'Protejiants to unite ihemfelves more^ which then wo^dd do itp cafe they proceeded ugainU the ^een of Engbi^rid ^ for undoubtedly they would by that means make a general league againji the Catholtcks, which would bring forth gr^at i^iconveni^nces. And his admonition wasfo effeffual, that the Pope defifted in R.QiBfi^<«? that your Faith is fpoken of th/t»gh the whole World, Rom. 1.8. Hereby the Jefuice hopes to keep on foot the engagement of this Ifland Fallet. church to Rome, for her firft eonverfion. Btlt why fliould he call the Chriftian Hifiordib.u Reijgjon the .Ka;„^„ Faith, rather than the Faith of ferufakm, or the Faith oi-Antioch, feeing it iflued from the former, and was received and firft named in the letter City, before any fgark of Chyiftiafiity was kindled at i^9w„ ds Dr.f^er Wellpbftrveth. CtNT. II. lOm^ium Vro- vinciatHm pi- plhiicitHi ■ I'hrini nomen riceplt. Sabel- E read, that th« Gofpcl in our land had the countenance of publick Authority through the gratious providence of God very early. A Learned Writer fpeaking of the dignity of this Nation, faichj That of allthe. Prtvimesefthe Ro*van J5»jp/rf ( yea it feemcth of the whole Wfrrld ) this //Z,«wfted in theChrlftiin Faith, Lleutherim returneth him thi> An-, fwer; tj)e CftUrclJOf Great Britain. hfcr, Tfiat having received in hii Kingdom the Lm and Faith of Chrifi, Holinfh. difcr. and having how the Old and Nexv Tejiamms, he fhoiild by a Council of ofhnu'c. 7. * his Realm take Laws from thence to govern thereby -, That he xvoi the Vicar ^nmls of of Cod in hit Kingdmes ; That the People and Nations of the Kingdom of England, by Britain were Hif, e'ven His children • That fuch as were divided, hepould ^ gather them together tints the Law ofChrifi hii holy Church, unto peace and concord; and Jhoftld cherijh , maintain, frote£t , govern , and defend ihem, &c. When Chriftian Religion firft was publiclcly received and eftabliflied in this Land by King Lhcim, here were then of Heathen inftitution, eight and twenty Fl^mints, and three Archfiamines. The places of the Flamines, tie king turned to fo many Bifliop ricks j the places of the Archfiamines^ to fo many Arehbiflioprick? ; the one at London, traaflated afterward to Canterbury i the other at Tork^ the third zt Caerleon in Wales, where feavcfl of thofe Bifliopricks, with this Archbilhoprick were remaining when Aftfiin the Monk came into England: Here wcreTemples alfo buildcd forthe worfliip of Paynini-gods , ©f which he made Churches for the fervice of Jefus Chrift. Thomas RudhottrnaMovk of Winchejier^ Meratfu an old Britifli Writer, and others teftifie, that Denottu was Bi- /hop of Winchefier ; and all the poffcflions of the Pagan Flamines there, were conferred upon him and bis Clergy, which were io aiaple, thm even about the City ail the Lands, within twelve miles of it on all fides^ were belonging unto 4f, containing in number 32 Villages. And thus the Britains had for their greateftglf^'y, *iic bapplncfii to fee and enjoy the firft Chriftian Piince m the World. It isreported, that King Lucitsi was the Founder of Sr. Peter's Church at Cornhilin London, placing therein one T^mw an Arcbbifhop, and that the Metropolitan See continued in a fucceifion oi Archbilliops there about 400 years, until the coming of AujHn ihc Monk, who tranfla- ted the Archbifliop's feat from London to Canterbury. In that Church wa« a Table, wherein is written, that King Lucius founded the fame Church to be an Archbilliops See, and that it fo endured the fpacc of 40oyear5. Thereare thenameof thefe Archhiihops of Lowalow,?/??^*;?, £lvanns, Cadar, Obinits, Conan, Paladitu, Stephen^, Iltut.Thtodwyn, or Dedwin, Thedrid, Hilaryt Reftituttss, Giiertelintts,ox GuitelinHf, Fajfidids^ Vodinus, Theonm, &:c. £/v;?wt« built a Library near Sr. Peter's Church in Cernhil ; he was a Godly, Learned and Grave Man, brought up in the School of fofeph of Arimathea, and Converted mmy oi ihc Druydes to the Cliriilian Faith. Bilhop Godwin fa»ch. That the Archbiflioprick ofTari^was founded Anno 180. by King Lucitu alfo, who placed Sampfon there. King Lucius alfo founded the Academy of Bangor in the favour of good Ans SHid Learned Men. He built the chief Cathedral Church in, 6^/o!rf/?fr -. ]fhe Church dedicated to St. Mtiry in Clafionbury ; A Chappel in ho- B a , nour 4 XDe ^miv of nour of Chrift in Dover Caftlc .• A Church in Canterbury, afterwards dedicated to St. Martin. King !.«««* died and was buried, at 6/s«- s^fitr. c E N r. rir BUT Chrttianity in Britain was not buried in the grave of King, LuciHs : Witnefs GiUoi, «vh6fe words are a clear evidence of the conftant continuing of the Chrjftian faith in Britairt from the firft Gildas in u- Preaching thereof. Chrijis precepts ( faith he ) though they vfere received, plt.de excid. but lukewarmly of the- Inhabitants, yet they remained entirely withfoDiej left Britan. fincerelymth other s^, even untill the nine years of P erfecution under Dio-^ defian. To the Authority' ofc^/i/fw we may add theTeilimony of two -Fathers,i 1^it.s..c.2. World. The Magdeburgenfes, compilers of t1ie General Ecdefiaftical ccil,,6. Hiftory, Ipeakingof the Churches through Europe in this Age, thus ex-, prefs themfelves .- Then follow the Ifles of the Ocean, where we firft meet with Britain , Manfijfe & hacatate ejus infitUEfcUjias, ^rmare.- mndHbitamus : We doubt not to affirm, that the Churches of that, ^iland did alfo remain in that Age. ♦ GtW^modeftly renders the rcafoni why fo- little, is extant of the Britifh Hiftory of this Age, Scriptapatriniy Scriptorum monumenta,fiqu£ fuerint, autignibushoftium exufta, aut civium exuFum clajfe hngius der portata, non somparent : The Monuments (faith he) of ©ur Countrey, or Writers ( if. there were any) appear not, as either burnt by the fire of enemies , or tranfported far off by our baniflied Countrey- men. The Chriftians of Britain celebrated the Pafsovcr upon the fourteenth day of the Moon of March precifely, contrary to the conftitutions of _.. , .„ the Roman Church : which fliewcth,- they were not brought to Chriftian f^6-2. Religionby the J?d?»<3« Church. And G«7(;^/« faith. That the 'Qr'nuts .:s- I ufed great folem-nity in their Ordination of Minifiers, and bad other Bray^ ' "^ - ers, Lejfons, and Chapters, than are ufed in the Roman Church. 5nf7 remained under the Domination of the Jxt>w/««i,Pagans,astheir - fupream Lords, till the year of Chrift 286. mlHoclefians time, when t'le Roman Senate fent Caravfms to reprefs the incurfions of Barbarous Nations. , Bw Caranfms njade a League with the Britains, expelled the ^ Romans tl)eCl)ttrCl)Of Great Britain. 5 Romans, and made hJmfelf King : And from that time, fometimes the Jigmans prevailing , fometimes the Natives , Britain was but Weakly poflcffed by the ^o»w/» Empire. Cent. IV. So the Gofpel flourifhed in this Land , and they that profeffed it efcaped the Perfecuiions raifed by the Heathen Emperours of Rom, all except the laft under Diockfian, which extended to Britain ; and St. jilban is noted to be the Froto- Martyr ot Britain, who fuffered death for Chrift's fake with invincible Courage and Refolucionj about the year of Chrift 305. He was a wealthy Inhabitant oi'Ferolamctfter^ Neccham, ia .and aCitizen of Rvm,\ (Qt.fo.^^lexander Necch^ reports him. . ^'' ^°''" "* Uic eft Afartyriirefeodecoratus honore A\bmyii,.CivM,Jncly,ta.^Qi^'x^jmy. •i'iv i;0;[i;r:'. ' " '?.,'■ ' .i';f'\ Here -/i/iius thus defcribeth j tJ? oVa'u .v,v ^or. -'? .'*-■ -. '*■ . ~^ ■ < Canfh?n inehiing now peaceably fetled in the Imperial Throne, there followed a fudden and great alteration in the World. Perfecutprs turn- ing Patrons of Religion. The Gofpd formerly a Forrefter, now be- came a Citizen; and leaving the Woods wherein it wandered j Hills and holes where it hid it fclf bcforej dwelt quietly in populous places. The flumps of ruined Churches lately deftroyed by Diodefian, grew up into beautiful buildif^s •, Oratories were furnifhcd with pious Minifters , and they provided of picntifpl tnaint^nancc, through the liberality of Co7>fia-i:ine.- ' ^-^vv mour/ai... .0 .. ^ The molt avouchabic evidence of Chr iftianity flourilhing in this I/land in this Age, is produced from rhe Bi/hops reprefeming 5r/Mw, in the Councils, I . Of Arki in France, called to take cognizance of the caafc of the Donatifts, where appeared for the BritainsyEborins Billiop oiTork., Refiitntfts Bidiop of London, Adelfias Biftop of the . City called the Colony of London, which fome count Cokbefter, and others Mddon in Effcx , Sacerdfis a Prieft, both by his proper Name and Oifice, Ar- mimiis, a Deacon , Anno 313. In the Synod of iVifceheld in Bithy- nia. Anno 325- 5m«/?j Bilhop? were prefent , being fummoned to fupprefs Arianifm, and to eftablilh an uniformity of the obfervation of Eafier, as Aihanxjiia, and Hilary Biihop of PoiSliersAo teftify. At the - Council of 5.jrii(V in T/;r<«ci<«, called by ConjiantimznACortjians,Son%to . Coiijiantine the Great, were prefent the Bilhops of Britain, who con- curred with the reft to condemn the Arrians, and acquit Athanafim. The Britijh Bilhops were alfo prefent at the Council of Ariminum affembled in Italy. Theodoret tells us, that he wrote an Epiftle to all Churches concerning .tlie Council of Nice, wherein he faith, there were then many Churches in Britain, &c. About the year 360. Hilary Bifliop ofFoi^iers, among divcrfe others dedicated his Book, De Synodic fidei Catholic a contra Aria- nos, to the Bifhops of the Provinces of Britain, during his exile for the Orthodox Faith, commending them, for their condancy in the profeilion of that Faith. And by the teftimony of Athanafius, it appeareth, that the Britaim ihea had not onely Churches profefQng the Orthodox Faith, bat tl)e Cl)UtC^flf Cr^bat Frjtain. bac Bfftops famous for their Piety anif learning, fummoned to forreigti ^ ■ ; - Counciis in remote parts for f/'|>. ed Britain : for 1 hen afl that part of the liland which was fubjed to the Ro- ad card-du mans, was Chriftian Not fong after the Empire being fallen in the Vinon.iib.'] Weft, and torn by the Gothes, Francs, Vandals, and Burgundians, the "• 5- Romans forfook the lITe of Britain, which moved the Natives to commit the Kingdome to one Confiantine a Britain, as one dcfcendcd from their Nittion, anda Chriftian vertuousman. About the year 400. Chryfefiome gives this teflimony concerning the Chr>foft. tfir Britain! Embracing of the Gofpel Namet Britania, hfula extra he ""^' Whtfejit*, et qua in iffo oceam funt, vertutem verhi fenferum {f"nt etiam iJliepiniiatte Ecelefi^^c. } JIUm inqitam verbi, quod t urc di^hm, quod it in minium aniviabm, inqueomr^ihvi labiis flantatitm. Which he feconded jn another Sermon of the Feaft of Pcntecoft, . .Cent, V» ■ Bout the year 412 TeUgita ( born in Britain ) bcgatt to broach his k Herefies publickly. The fame day w^preon Pf%i«f was born ■ in Britain St.u^ugufiinewzsiiKc born in jifrUckj divine providence fo • ordering it that the poifon and ihe Antidote fliould be Twins in a manner in refpe4 of thci'ame time as Br. F»Jic7- well obfcrveth. In the year 44<5^ the Pelagian HcreCic fpread over Britain : and the Bi jtilb Churches be- ing defifcd thereby,King V'ortigern for the maintaining the truth, fent for ~ German Bifljop of Auxerre, and Lufiu Bilhop of Troys in Charr.fagne out of France, mtn famous for tbeir dofcrine and counfel, who rcfutitig this Herefie, gained unto themfelves a reverent efteem among the Bri tains - but chiefly German, who in a Chappel neer unto St. Albans did openly cut of the pulpit preach God's word iincsrely to the people. This con- ference was held at St. Albans, even where at this day a fmall Chappel is extant to the honour of St. German, Gemjinus having baptized multitudes of Pagan converts in tLe v'wttAlen, marched with an Army of them againfl: the Pagans whom he found in the Notth-Eaft of Wales. Here he chofe an hollow dale furroundfd with UlTer d«'Em, hills, near, the Village, called at thi-. day by the Englifli, '^015 by the ^"'^'./^P"'"'"'''"' Britifh dBiitDcrite in Flintjhire, where the field at this day retain, the name ^' ^^^" of 3^PC|5 (Barmon or German's field. Here Cermamu placed his men in ambufli, with inftruftions, that a Signal given, they fhould all Ihout H^leUtjah three times with their might ■ which all was done accord- ingly. Hcreat the Pagans without ftriking a rtroak confufedly ran, away, and many were drowned for fpeed in the river >4.V;/. After this viftoryCfrwrfww prepared for his return. /ft^r - 8 JIMM^oip:^^ Aher GermdKus zndLftpus^srtrstxitned home into their native coun-' trey', Pela^iatrifmheg^nto fp'routagain in Britain : and after three years Gerw^iwa^ came again.with Severm.into Britairt^zni the PeUgian Herefic was again condemned fn a fecond Synod, having been before condemned ina Synod at London', (fir^'siitts having fetled Baitainin good order, rc-^ turned to his own countrey/wherc he prefen ly died after his return i' and by God's bieffing oti his endeavours, that Herefze was fo cut down in Britain-i that it never generally grewup again. About the year 453. H(f«j-jy?Caprainof theS,«on/, who came to help the Britans againft the Scats and Ptff.f, who having married his own daughter to rortigern had murthered, hisfovereign Lord Cenftans, and. invaded his Crown, being-called in Brhisnelp, came vviihdiverfelhips of iVout Saxon Souldiers, who under pretence of pvotefting them fronf the Pi'Us, intended to plant themfelves in rhe North pare oi B'itain, which when the Britans faw, and fearing their own ruin, they defired the King that he would drive them out of his Kingdome. The Nobles alfo of his Realm did inveigh much againft the King's marriage with a Pa- gan Woman. Whereupon Ani:o 454, they utterly deferred King Vortigern,zni tjna- lyuiouily chofe l^vrtimer, his fon, to be their King, who, following their Tolinfel, began to expell the Barbarians, and chafing thera as far as the Vervient, he flew many of them : Vertigern alfo fled with them. But ia the year 460 Prince J^ortimer died, being poifoned by Rowen his Mother in law, with whom the hope of the Britainsvjis etttnguiihed. Here-' Hpon Haigifi retiU"ning into Britain with newfoi-ceSjtreacheroufly flew niofl: of the Br itifh Nobles at a pretended Treaty forpcacc between both Nations. And the Saxons being enemies to Chriftian Religion, ^nd bent upon the polTefTionof fuch a fruitful Countrey,exercifed great cruelty upon the Inhabitants, deftroyed Churches and all EcclefialHcal things, burnt the holy Scriptures, flew the Minifters in the Churches, cndcavour- Hcnr. H)int-ing to lupplantChriflian Religion. Femj-erw had before caufedFe^w^ ingd.. lib.. 2. Arch-Billiop of Low^aw to be put to death, be^aiife he reptoved him for calling in the Saxons, and marrying a Pagan Woman : and novj T%eitnia ^ ,r ..,„ Bifljop of London, and Tluodiceus Bifhop ofTar^with others were i^y 12!^ ^ " forced co fiy into r>.'mote places for the prefervation of their lives. _V' , ' Thus God fciit down his heayie judgements upon the 5r;>*"«j for theii, S\r,sfls Gild.iiWvkctb^Britonesp'o'ptrr'sv^ritiarn^rapina'n Princi^u»>,prii- fter iniqitrtAtem C^ if:pifiitiari3 Judic»m,froperdeJidia'Kpr£dicati9?}is.Epif- . copsruvi, propter luxuriMK c^malos rr.ores fopnli perdidijfe patriam : that is, th,e; Britans for the covecoufnefs and opprefiion of thePrinces, for theinr- _ . quity and injuftice of the Judges, for the negligent preaching of th^ B!niops,for the luxury and evil raannersof the people, loft their Cottri-' trey. Afer many batries with, the Britains, the Pagans fur^rifed a '^^t _ ran of this Ifland. ' ■'''•'",,.'*. t1^t CljUtXlj of Great Britain. p . Then the Britains fent Ambafsadors ihcc^ the leffcr Britain to Aurelias Ambrofius, and Vter-Pendragon his brother, defiring them to take the go- vernment oi Britain upon them (of which they were right heiresjand to expcll the Saxons, and King Fortigern. Hereupon they came with many armed foaldicrs. Then the Britains fet up Karelins to be their King, who marched firft againft V'ortigern to his Gaftle Genorinmin Waits, where he had fortified and immured himfclf- hat Anrelius burnt the cafile, And iiiag Tortigern in it. After this ^«?'if/!;« fought many battles with the S/?j»«, he commanded the People to go in by couples, and one to Baptize the other, in the name of the Trinity. . Thus Augnfline carieth away the credit of all that came after him, becaufc the Primitive planter- of the Gofpel among the Saxons, and Kent was converted to Cbriftiapi- i:y ; yet far more than half of the Land lay fome years after in the dark- nefs of Paganifm, which others afterwards illightened with the beams of the Gofpel. :Mean time the poor Chriftian Britams living peaceably at home, there enjoyed God, the Gofpel, and their Mountaius, not. . earing for the Ceremonies >4/.Jweii^, brought over by AagHjHrje.'.'ti :n:-j Ce.N1'. VII. ■ A ^^^"^ *^^ y*^^ ^°^ ' ^^P^ Gregory I. feut two Arcbbifliops Palls into JL il- England., the one for London, the other for Torkj. The former of thefe Cities had been honoured with an Archbifhop's See fome hundred years finceKingXKc/«.c, butattfaelnftance of AngHftine, and by a new order of the forefaid Gregory, this Pall fent to London , was removed thence to Canterbury (wheveof'^ugufiine was made Archbilbop } and there fixed and confirmed. Canterbury was the place wherein Chriftiani- ty was firft received by the Saxons, and is therefore honoured to per- petuate the memory thereof j aiid Lw^es mud hereafter :be contented . with the plain feat of a Bilhop. Then Augnftine by the aid of Ethelbert King of Kent, called a Coun- cil of Saxon 2X\iiBritijh Bifliopsto meet in the confines of the Mercians and Weft 5;«A:offj, in the borders of Worcefier zni. Hereferd-flnres, under ai Oak, knowing that the Pagan j?r«Ww/ performed their fuperftition "Siider a.n -Oakj ia fome imitation, iandyet acorreftion of their Idola- try, tIjCCljUrCl) of Great Britain. 15 try, as Sit Henry Spelman (hewetb. But this Synod proved ineffedual ^ ftVH. Spclm- the Britijh Bi/hops, and many very Learned Men (far differing from inconciiiis. £emj}} ?rk([s) rejeded his Tradicions which he brought from Ro»se, Geoffry of and would not admit thereof, detefted his Pride, renounced hisAuchori- f^°"™^f"f' ty, and would not accept of him for their Archbidiop, as he defired to Bri'tafn^fL be; and for the fpace of an hundred years atleaft, refufed to commu- Lord's pel, nicate with thofe that had received the fame. And then theBiHiopsand faith,-crex Churches of Scof/»W, which King difJained UiTier's kc!/- not to preach, and expound to his SubjetSs and Nobles in ilie Engiift ^"'| "/ thu tongue, that which J[idan preached to the Saxons in the ScsttiJJi tongue. '^"""■'•'^ ^''#- By the Miniftr.y of >4i«;(j« (the firft Bifliop of Linsfarn ) was the /(ing- " ^' dome of No'-thimberland recovered itom Paganifm. Aidan parted all p^j^v. chvrch that was given him, by the Aing or Potent men, among the poor : and /./]?. 'cf/;.'. ". ceafed not to go from tov/n to town, and from houfe to houfe, not on Iior^-back, but on foot, always catechizing, whether he met with richer poor: if they were Piir^.mt^ he i.i'truc^id them ; if they were Chriftians, he confirned them in the faith j and exhorted unto the works of Piety and Charity ,efpecialJy to read the Scriptures diligent- ly. ]f-%Q:dkd^'ji7im6$i. From N'orthHmherUnd the word of CoU was fprcad among many others of the Saxon itingdomes. The Scotch, that profefTed no fubjecStion to the Chnrch of Rome, were Ephr. Pagir. they that fent preachers to the converfionof thefe Countries, and or-. Kdii'imi of the dained Billiops to govern them, as Aidan forementioned, Finan, and antunt Bri- Colman : for the Eafl Saxons Cedd, and for tht Mercians Dinma : for the' ^^^'^^' paucity of Priefts ( faith Beda) conftrained one Bifliop to be appointed over two people, Finan converted the Kingdomesof the Eaft5^.vo«i-, and Mcyci-i. Pope Hono-^im fent Birinus unto the Wcft-S^u-owj, who by- < his preaching conveneth many, and among the refl; Kyngils, the Wefl:-5^A.-- ' >^f etj King, whom he Baptized. ■ Ofwald, King of Northumberland wis prefent at that titiie, and was firft God- father, then father in law toiCing A j;7j^;7jj to whom he gave his Daughter to Wife. .. '. ; Dorchefier, an' old City in Oxford-Jlnrcj was made the feaceof Biri- f?Hs his Billioprick. Sujfex, and the Ifle of W;^/:)? alfo were convert- ed. About this time Honorius, Arch-Bifliop of Canterbury, divided —, £«^/*W(^(fo much thereof as was Chriftian) into Parillies. Anno 640. V the Br&i lent began in thofe parts of £;z^toi gave a Dakedome : and from thence among all the 'B\iho^%Qi Germany, ont- ly the Bifliop of Wortsbnrg carieth a Sword and Priefts Gown in his badge. Unto ihde Scots fohnFappas joynethfome Britans, a.s Willibrod Reformer of Frijia ; and two brethren Evaldi, the one Sirnamed the Black, the other the White, john Fnppas faith they converted the Wefi- phalians to the Chriftian Faith, and fuffcred Martyrdome near Bremen. John Bale flieweth their Death. Pope Agatho fent John (the Arch-chaunter of St. Peters in Rome) imo England, to compofe the difference betwixt Honericus and Wilfrid the two Archbifliops, and withal to deliver them the Ads of Pope Mar- tin the hrft, and to teach them to fing the Liturgy according to the cuftom of Ro?»e Benediilus Bifcopius, a Nobleman of England, went to Rome in the fervice of the Church ■ and brought many Books into tlie Monafteries of Tinmonth, and Wirnwinh. The firft Glafs in this Ifland is faid to be his gift. Mark what Beda faith of the cuftom in thofe dayes ; Then they never came into a Church, but onely for hearing rhe Word, and Prayer [] no word of the Mafs ~\ the King would come with five or fix, and he ftayed till the Prayer Was ended. All the care of thefe Dodors was to ferve God, not the World ; to feed Souls, not their own Bodies : wherefore in thofe dayes wherefoever a Clerk or Monk did come, he was received as a Servant of God: If he were feen journeying, they were glad to be figned with his Hand, or blefled with his Mouth, and they gave good heed unto the words of his Exhortation. And on the Lord's day they • came in Flocks to the Church or Monafteries, not to refrefli their Bodies [^ nor to hear Maffes] but to hear the Word ; and if any Prieft entred into a Village, incontinently all. the People would aftemble, being de. D iirous XDe ^iftoiv of firous to hear the Word of Life : for neither did thePriefts go into ViK _X,, lages upon any other occafion, except to Preach, or vific the Sick, or to ^i ^- feed Souls. At that time the Clergy and Monks in England had liberty so Marry. Then Theodorus, who fucceeded Deus-dedit , Bifhop of CamerhHry , brought many Books thither, erefting a well-furniflied Library, and teaching his Clergy how to make ufe thereof. He rigorouily prefled Conformity to Rsme^ in the obfervation of EAJier -, and to that purpofe a Council was called at Hartford -^heve Eafier wsiS fetled according to the Ro?fjiJh Rite. In this Synod nine other Articles were concluded of, liif.'^. c. 5. as Smpleton hath thus Tranflatcd them out of Beds. I. That no Bifliop [hoald ha ve ought to da in another's Diocefs, hut bt contented with the charge ef the people committed unto him, II. That no Bifwp Jhoidd any-rvife trouble fu:b Monafieries as were Confecrated^ mid given to God^ nor violently take from them ffught was theirs. III. That Monks flionld not go from one Menajiery to another, un- lefs by the leave of their own Abbot j but Jlioitld continue in the obe- dience which they pro-mfed at the time of their converfion, and entrance into Religion. I V. That none ef the Clergy, forfiking his own Bijhop, Jlwuld run up and down where he lijls ; nor when he CAme afy whitinr, flioidd be received without Letters of Commendation from his Diocefan, &C. V. Tkitfiich Bif}9ps and Clerks as are Jlrangers-, be content with fuch Hofpitdity as is given them, ar.d that it be lawful for yione of them to execute any Office of a Vrie^-, without the per minion of the^ Bi^op in whofe Dioccfs they are kpown to be. V J. It hath feer/iedgcod to us all, that a Synod and Convocation fiioutd be Ajfembled once a year, on the firfi day of Aaguft, at the place called Clofefliooh. VII. That no Bift.op fiould ambitioujly prefer himfelf above another^ hut fliculd all acknowledge thi time and order of their confecra- tion. VIII. That the number of the BiJIiops flwuld be encreafed, the number of Chrifiian folk^diiily waxing greater. IX. That no man cernmit Ad.voutry, nor Evrnication' that no man forfake his own IFife, but for onely Fffrnicationy as the holy Gojpel teacheth. And if any Afan put away his Wife, being lawfully mar- ., ried unto him, if he will be aright Chrifiian Afan, let him be joyned 1 0- none other -, but let him fo continue, fiillfole, or elfe be reconciled again to his twn Wife, This Synod Stapleton calleth, the firfi ef the Englif} Nation, that is, wkofe Canons are completely extant. Thi-^ tijt ClJUtCl) of Great Britain. i^ Theodoras Archhifhop of Camerhiiry envyed Wilfrid Bifljop of Tork^, and endeavoured, that the Diocefs of 7"ori^ might be divided; whereat W//n^ being ofifended, goes to Rome, and in his paffage thither, by a Tempefl: he is caft on the Shoar of Freez.land in Belgia, where the In- habitants ( as yet Pagans ) were by his Preaching converted to Chriftt- anity. Returning into £w^/(«:w^, he returned not unto Tor;^, but flayed in the Pagan Kingdom of the South Saxons, who alfo by God's bleffing on his endeavours were pcrfwaded to embrace the Chrillian Faith. Thefe South Saxons ( oi all the feven Kingdomes ) were the laft that were converted to Clirift, and yet their Countrey was next in fituation unto Kent, where the Gofpel was firft planted. Indeed Edilwalck. their King was a little before Chriftened by the perfwalionof I>Fo/pfeerKingof Mereia (who was his God-father, and at his Baptizing gave him for a gift the Ifle of Wight, & Provinciam Meanvarorum in Gente occidenta- lium Saxonum ) but his Countrey ftill remained in Paganifm. And al- though Dicitl a Scot, with fix others, had a fmall Monaftery at Bofenham in Suffix, yetthey were more, careful of their own fafety, than of their Neighbours converfion. T'FiV/nW builded an Abbey in S elf ey in Suffix , he taught the South Saxons the craft of fiihing. Cedda the Bifliop of Weft Saxons died, and his Deacon Wenfrede was his fucceffor : Soon after this time died Wina Bifhop of London, after . whom was Bifhop £ri^«tviiftrornm Dei-^Ae Jnfantihus baptiz.etiidif^ decenfu Ecdefi£,&c. jinno69^. a great Council was held at BeeanceUhy Withred King oi Kent, 2ini BertH.ild h'^cbibi^o^oi Britain^ wherein many things were concluded in favour of the Church. Five Kentifli Abbeffes, namely Mil-- dred, Ethelred-, c/£[e, Wilnolde, and Herefwide, weve not onely prefent, ' but fubfcribed their names and crofTes to the Conftitutions concluded therein. And we may obferve, that their fubfcriptions are placed, not onely before and above all Presbyters, but alfo above Botred a Bifhop prefent in this Coancil . There was likewife a Council held at Bergham- fleed by Withred King of Ketit : Then Bifhop Wilfrid was renaoved to Tfirhj^gun, where he continued not long, and being thence expelled again, he was for a time made Bilhop of Leieefier, Cent. VIIL Wilfrid was troubled by the Archbilhop of Canterbury, be ap- pealeth to Rome, and is acquitted ; he is at lad reftored, and dtedin peace in the LXX VI. year of his age, having been 45. years a Bifliop, and was buried in his Monaftery at Eippoti. Oamden'j The Bi/hoprick of S^f/'^cr^ having been taken out of the Bi/hoprick Brk.hjrilt'-oi Winchejier by King Ina, Adelmebh Kinfman was made firft Biftop ^irs.. thereof. This ^^/w^ was the firft of our Englifli Nation, who wrete in Latine, and the firft that taught our Englifli Nation to make Jlatine verfe, according to his promife, Trimas ego in patriam mecHm, mode vitafuperjlt^, Aomorediens deducam vertics Mff^' 3I-: tl)e Cl)tttC!) of Great Britain. 2 1 Iflifemeiaft, that I do fee That native foil of mine. From Jon top I'l firll with me Bring down the Mufes nine. He wrote many Books ; one of Virginity, another of the Celebration oi Eafteri And abput this time the Libraries of Monaiteries began to be replenifhed with Books, many being written in that Age. In this age there were many Saints(fuch as they were)of Royal, or Noble extradion : of thefc Noble Saints, St. GuthUl^e, a Benedidine Monk, was the firft Saxon that profcfTed an Eremetical life in England; he was a Monk in the Abbey of Ke^yndon, and the third year after be went to Crowland, that is, the raw or crude Land, a fenny place in Lincoln-Jhire , and there led for a while an Anchoret's life, and there finally was bu- ried-, in which Ifle and place of his burying, was built a fair Abbey. About the year 709. a Synod was affembled at Alncefler in Worcefter- (hire, to promote the building of fwjfe^w Abbey • which was done ac- cordingly, and the fame was bountifully endowed by Off'a, and other Mercian Kings, with large revenues : And not long after, another Synod was called at London, to introduceinto England the doftrine of Imagc- worftip, now firft beginning to appear in the publick praftice of it. Now alfo flourilhed another Noble-born Saint, viz.. John of Beverley :, Archbifliop oiTork,, a Learned Man, and who gave the education to one more Learned than himfelf^ I mean. Venerable Bede, who acknowledg- eth, that he received the order of Priefthood from him. About this time it was fafliionable for Kings and Queens in England, to renounce the World,ind turn Monks and Nuns,commonIy in Convents of their own Foundation : but they had an high opinion to merit Heaven thereby. Among the Saxon ?nnccs who thus renounced the World, in this and the next Century, thefe nine following were the principal. I. Kinigilfm,¥J.r\g of Weft Saxons 4. Edbenus,Kmg of Northumberland. 0/4,KingofEaft' Saxons. 2. Ina , King of , S-Ef/^t/rc^, Kingof , 8. Scbbi,Y.h% of, 'Wc^ Saxons. ^ A/fr-^^:^ t vr^n- i end. In this King's reign flouri(hed Johannes Scotus-, Erigena, (with liAu tionfametimes of Scf^fcy?;?) b'ern in JreUnd, for diftindion from a for- mer born at .Melrofe, andanother inj;he XI II. Century, barn in !?«;?/, otherwife called S/.'i'n/fcf ; he was .a man of pregnant Judgenient, won- drous Eloquence ; and ( in tbofedays) rare knowledge of the Greek, Chaldean, and Arabian Languages. He wrote a Book, De corf ore ^ fan- gnlnc Domini, againlt the Opinion of Carnal prcfence, which was con- ^I'-am.it demned at the Synod of Kercefles. BelUrmine faith, This r/ian veoi the Excb.lib.i.c. I. firl}^ who wrote doubtingly of this matter : He was the Counfellor to King Alfred, and Teacher of his Children, afterwards he retired to the Ab- zifim. de a- ^^V '^^ Mdr/tesbitry, where his difcipies Murthered him with their Pen- iJnMnf. knives, being enticed thereuntoby the Monks, becaufe he fpake againfl 'nerr-^g.n. the carnal prefence, and was accounted a Martyr, as was recorded by William of A'laUr.esbury^ de gefi, Reg. Ang, lib. 2, C4p,^. Gen t. X. T this time there was no BiOiop in all the Weft parts of England : Pope FormofKs, being offended hereat, interdiAcd , King , and Kingdom. But Pkigfnnnd Archbifliop of CfiwerW^ pofted to Rome, informing the Pope, that ^aJtr^rci (called.the, Elder, the Son of King Alfred) had, in a late fummoned Synod.-founded fome new^ and fupplied ail old vacant Billioprickes; and caryin^ witti him honerifc^ mmem, the Pope turned hiscurfe into ableffing, and ratified their eled^ion. The names of the feven Bidiops which Pleigmnnd confecrated in one day, were, F> id/ran Biihop oi Winchefier, Werfian of Shireburn, Ke- nidfh of Dorchejiir, Beorn^egeoi Selfey, Athelwe oi Wells , Eadulfe of Crediton in Devon j znAAtheljian in Cornwall of S:. Petrocks : Thefe three lad Weftern Bi/hops were in this Council newly erefted. A Synod was called at Intingford, where Edward the elder, and Gu- thmn King of the Danes, in that part of Etigland, which formerly be- longed to the Eaft Ans,les, onely confirmed the fame Ecclefiaflical confti- lutions which King Alured had made before. "King Edward rememfaring the Pious example of his Father Alfred in founding of Oxford, began to repair andreftore the Univerlity of Car/j- Jnb. RoJp'!s in bridge ; for the Danes, who kept the Kingdom of the Eaft Angles for lib. dt Regib.^t[ie\r home, had banifhed all Learning from that place. This King fafiT,'??-;^; the elder, expelled the DanesovitOL Fjfcx, Mercia, and NorthH>r,berUnd. At that time the authority of invefting Bi/hops, and other Eeclefiaftical Benefices, as alfo of prefcribing Lawes unto Church- A^ t!)eCI)UrCj)Of Great Britain. Church-men, as well as unto the Laity, was in the power of the King, not of the Pope : but the Pope would be medling in fuch matters by way of Confirmation. ' Jltheljfan, his Son, fucceeded King Edward^ being much devoted to Sf: John of Beverley, on whofe Church be bellowed large priviledges. Many Councils were kept in this King's Reign at Excefier, Feverjloa'-i, Thunderfield, ^nd London : But one held at Greatlea is of greateli ac- count for the Lawcs therein enaded ; efpecially that concerning the payment of Tithes, which is thus Written j J Atheldin King, by adwce Sp^lfM. h iti)>:/ii. li:jr-DHr,Jhi:yhsiQg^ roa,de v'^Kclibijliop o£ Canterbury ^ Selulai* Prleftfwerc r/>, 19. fi-n.-^. ttirown out, and'Monks'_ever^ 'where fixed in their room's.' 'Many' did "•?• difpure, and preach againrf''ri/i«/?.««. And 'Alfred Vnace of 'Merciji ..Eookpartvvith.thePriefts. _ _ ^ • ' ' \^ ■'j^«//fr makes' mentioiV of a, fair and amhentick guilded ManufcripC, wlierein 'hefcikth'hVmreiftiodls Vicar in £w^/^»4 for the ordering Ec- cleliaftical matters, /a Tjtls-''y/h4c'h at this day the Pope will hardly v.ouch- ~ fafe to. anyChri^ja'n Princes'" '■ ■ //of/-D/:).ithe'n held a National Council, for all W.^les, ziTy-qmn, -or the White Koufe. The Canons therein were wholly in favour of the Clergy • enading thisarBongft the refi:. That the ^refe?ice of a Priefi and a Judge ionfiitiite a legal C'eiirt, oi'the two pcrfons only in fy^;? Quorum thereof. There were, tlien fevehEpifcopal Ses.is in Wales, i. S.T>et- vid.'. 2. Jf>Kad. 3. Dcge/na?i. 4. Vfyl. 5. Teylav?.' 6. Teule- .danc. 7. Kenew ^ :• King £a^<^r died peaceably, leaving his Crown to i^m^r^^ bis Son, w' cm' (being under Age) he cotrimitted to the tuition of Dmfian. In this A'ing's reign three Councils were fucceffively called, to determine the difference, between Monks and Secular Priefts. The firft was at wiff- cbcfterj where the Priefts being outed of their Convents, earneftly pref- fed for reftitutipn. Folydor VirgiV vimts, that, in the Synod 'it was concluded, that the Priefts fhouldb'ereftored. But a voice was immedi- ately heardfrora the wall f as comingfrom a Crucifix behind Diin(}an ) "faying. They thiNk^amifs that favour the PrieH-s. That was received as p. Divine Oracle, arid the F^'iefls were fecluded from their B^neficesind "Mo naileries.' ■ ^. , ' : ' ' , ■ • ■ A fecond Council -was called at Kirttingtoa- fxvo^fi CailageinCambridge- Jiire ) but to little effed. The fame year a third Council was called at Cahi in V/ik-pnre, hither came Priefts and Monks in great numbers. Bepr'nclm_, a Scottilh Bifliop , defended the c&ufe of the Priefts with Scripture and Keafon. But ona fuddenD««/?^K by his Art caufcd the .Beams or. Joiftspf the Room where they were affembled to break and cutjl. ff/?. fa-ii : '^any we'r^ wo"unded j rnoftof the Secular Priefts were llain, ancl Vint. buried under the ruincs thereof : only t>mfian was fafe with his Chair that was fixed on a PHI ar. So the controverfie was ended with devilifli cruelty, Jr appears not what provilion wasmade for thefe Priefts when ejected, ,...,.., ■ ._ , , , , , King.Edw'ard vif ei^t to Corff'- Cafite; Tvhierfe at'that tipie-his Mother-in- . Law with her Son £Wrfi!i lay-, and ''by her contrivance he Was barba- rbufly murthered as he wasdrinking on Horfe-back, and was buried at Warehami and Ethclred, £<;/Rvzr^'s haif-brother, fucceeded him in the Throne. D«/i'i/^wdied, ar.d was bui'ied on the ■Sputh--ride of the high Altar in the Church of Camcrbjiry. After his death, -the Monks were caft out of Great Britain. 53 of the Convent of Canterbury, byreafonof their mifdemeanours. Siriciw^ the next Archbiftop of Con after failed thither, and took the pofleffion , and returned into England, and married Emma, late Wife of Egelred, and by her had a 3on called Hardiknont. He affembled a Parliament at Oxford, wherein was agreed, chat EngUfh men and Thanes fhould hold the Laws made by A'ing Edgar, as moft juil and reafonable : He eftabli/hed Laws Ecdefi- aftical, as well as Civil. Camitm went on pilgrimage to Rome, and there founded an Hofpital for Engliih Pilgrims.- Hellirined the body oi Ber- niuff and gave great Lands to the Cathedral Church of Winchefler : He hnAitASt. Bennets'm Norfolk,, which was before an Hermitage. Alfo- St. Edmond' S'bnry, which A'ing Atbelftane ordained before for a CoJ- ledge of Priefts , be turned to an Abbey of Monks of Saint- Bemiets- Order,. tljtCljUrcft of Great Britain. ;c; Two of his Sons fucceeded him, firft hh bafe Son, calJed, from his fwiftnefs, HaroU, Harefoot, a man of a cowardly difpofition. He reign- ed but four years, and the icfingdom fell to Hardtkiuut King of Den- mark., his Brother, who when he had reigned two years, being drunk zt Lmbeth, fuddenly was ftricken dumb, andfeJl down to the ground, and within eight dayes after died without iffue of his Body. Thus ended the Danift Xings : which Danes had vexed and wafted theLand two hun- dred fifty five years. When England was freed from the Danes, they fent into Normandy, inviting over Edward the Confeffor, and brother to KingEdmond He was crowned .Anno 1045; ■'^ ^'^ ""^^ ^^^ '■'^'^ ^^^ made which concern- ed the Jung's Oath at Coronation. Mathevo Paris defcribes the Man- ners of the Countrey at his coming thus. The Nobles were given to glut' teny andleachery : they xvetit not to Church in the morning, bm only had a Priefi, which made hafte with the Mafs and Mattens in their chambers, and they heard a little with their ears . The Clergy were fo ignorant, that if any k>iew the Grammar, he wot admired by them : mofi men /pent nights and dayes in cAroufing. In his dayes E«^/^«-j. By the intervention of friends Anfelm made his peace : But being re- . turned into i-K^/^?7(^, he foon after began to diflwade the Clergy from receiving Inveftitures from the King, • wherefore he was forced again to fly outof the Kingdom, and his eftate was again feized upon and con- fiscated, of which he had obteined reftitution at his return. King W^//?ffei» died G before 42 %i}t ^moiv of before he could finilh his projeft of Priefts divorces. His two next Suc- ceffors, Rodftl^hm and William Corbel, went on vigoroufly with the dc- fign, but met with many and great obftruAions : Other Billiops found the like oppofition^ but chiefly the Bifliop of Norwich, whole obftinate Clergy would keep their Wives in defiance of his endeavours againft them. But they were forced to forgo their Wives. Among thofe Mar- ried Priefts there was one Edfhegm flourifhing for Learning and Piety . he refided at Plymomh in Devon- jhire To order the refraftory Married Clergy, the Bilhops were fain to call in the aid of the Pope, fohn Bilhop <^ Cremona, an Italian Cardi- nal, did urge the fingle Life of the Clergy, andfaid. It is avilecrimey that a Man rifing from the fide of his Concubine, Jljonld confecrate the Body of Chrift. The fame Night he was taken in bed with a Whore , after he had fpoken thofe words in a Synod at London. The thing was fo notorious , that it could not be denied , faith Matthew Paris. This much advantaged the reputation of Married Priefts : The King taking a fine of Married Priefts, permitted them to enjoy their Wives. About this time the old Abbey of Ely was advanced into a new Bi- flioprick, and Cambridge- jliire affigned for it's Diocefs, taken from the Biflioprickof Z?»co/ff. Sp*jWiv/c^ Manor in Hiintington-fhire was given to Lincoln, in reparation of the jurifdiftion taken from it, and beltow. )?f)OTji, the ^^ on E/y, One Hervey, who had been baniflied by the Welch from the firftBifliopof poor BiHioprick oi Bangor, was made the firft Bifliop of Ely. King ^'>- He-dry beftowed great Priviledges upon that Billioprick. Then Bernard, Chaplain to the King, and Chancellor to the Queen, ■; was the firft Norman, made Bifliop of St. Davids- who foon denied - fubjeftion to Canterbury, and would be an ablolute Archbifiiop of him- felf: But iW/Z.'ir/; Archbifiiop of C^swfr/'W^, aided by the Pope, at laft forced the Billiop of Sr. Davids to a fubmiffion. King Henry died at the Town of St. Denys in Normandy of a furfeit by eating of Lampreys. He was buried at Reading in Barkz(lnre in the Abbey thst himfelf had there founded and endowed with large pof- feffions. Stephen, Ezx\oi Eoiogn, hearing of King /i/Mi^Vs Death, hafteth over into England, and feizeth on the Crown. He was Son to ^dela. Daughter to King ^F////.z>» the Conqueror • but ykf/nr^/ firft Married to Henry the Emperor oi Germany, was the undoubted heir of the Crown. She was Gonftantly called the Emprefs after the Death of the Emperor, though Married to Geoff ery Vlantagenet, her fecond Husband. Unto her all the Clergy, and Nobility had fworn fealty in her Father's life-time. William Archbifliop of Ca?iterbury, notwithftanding his Oath to Mawd, folemnly Crowned Stephen, ftiewing himfelf thereby perjured to his God, difloyal to his Princefs, and ingrateful to his Patronefs, by whofe fpecial favour he had been preferved. Jhe reft of the Bilhops ( to their ftiame^ followed: tDeCljUtCl) of Great Britain. 4; followed his example, hoping to obtain from an Ufurper, what they could not get from a Lawful King, traiteroufly avowing. That it was bafenefs for fo many, and fo great Peers to be fubje(a to a Woman. King Stephen fcaled a Charter zt Oxford. Anno 1136. the Tenor whereof is , That all Libeniesy Cttftem, and Pojfejfions granted to the Sfieds Chroa, Church, Jlioiild be firm and in force ; That all Ferfons and Caufes Ecclefiafti- cal,JhoHldi*ppertain onely to Ecclefiajiical Judicature ^ That mne hut Cler- gy-men pould ever intermeddle with the Vacancies of Churches, or any Church-mens goods ; That ail bad nfages in the Land touching Forrefis, ExaElions , &G. fhould be utterly extirpate , the antient Laws refto- red, &c. The Clergy perceiving that King Stephen performed little of his large promifes to them, were not formerly fo forward in fetting him up, but now more ready to pluck him down, and fided effedually with Mawd againft him. Stephen fell violently on the Bifliops, who then were moft powerful in the Land : He imprifoned Roger Bifliop of Sarisbury , till he had furrendered unto him the two Caftles of Shirbum, and the Devi- x.es, for the which Roger took fuch thought, that he died fliortly after, and left in ready Coin forty thoufand Marks, which after his Death came to the King's Coffers : he alfo uncaftlcd Alexander of Lincoln, and Nigellus of Ely, taking a great Mafs of Treafure from them. The Dean iind Canons of Pauls, for croffing him in the choice of their Bi- fliop, tafted of his fury, for he took their Focariasj and caft them into the Tower of London, where they continued many dayes, till at laft their liberty was purchafed by ttie Canons at a great price. Roger Hoveden tells us plainly, that thefe Focaria were thofe Canons Concu- bines. See here the fruit of forbidding Marriage to the Clergy, againft the Law of God and Nature. ^ IbericM, Bittiop oi Hofiia, wasfentby Pope Innocent into England, called a Synod at Wefiminfier, where 18 Bifliops, and thirty Abbots met together. Here was concluded. That no PrieFt, Deacon, or-fub- F«i/«r.Chiirc!i deacon, Jhould hold a Wife or Woman within his Houfe, under pain of de- Hiftory. grading from his Chrifiendom, and plain fending to Hell, That no Priefi's Son fljould claim any Spiritual Living by heritage. That none Jhould take a Benefice of any Lay-man. That none fliould be admitted to Cure, which had not the letters of his Orders. That Priefis jliould do no bodily labour. And that their Tranfubfiantiated God Jhould dwell but eight dayes in the Box, for fear of worm-eating , moulding , or ftinking. In this Synod Theobald, Abbot of Becco was chofen Archbilhop of Canterbury, in the place of W^j7/?4w» lately Deceafed. The moft confiderable Clergy-man of England in this Age, for Birth, Wealth, and Learning, was Henry of Blois, Bifliop of Winchcficr, and Brother to King Stephen. He was made by the Pope his Legat for Britain. G 2 IR 44 X!)e "^i^oiv of In this Council, where William of A^falmesbmry was prefenc, there were three parties affembled with their attendance. 1. Roger of Sarisbury,vmh, the reft of the Bifhops,^ grievoufly com- plaining of their CafUcs taken from them. 2. Henry Bifliop of Winchefier, the Pope's Legar, and Prefident of the Council: vikh The ebdd Axchbiiho'^ oi Cftnterhiiry, pretend- ing to Umpire matters moderately. 3. //«^/? Archbi/hop oi Roitih ^ni Aubery de Vere ( Anccftor to the Earl of Oxford ) as Advocate for King Stephen. This Ahberyde Vere was Learned in thcLaws, being charadercd by my Author, Homo caufa-'Hm varietatibas exercitatiis, a man well verfcd !n the windings of Caufes. This Synod brake up without any extraordi- nary matter effefted : For foon after Queen yl^^Wcarae with her Na- vy and Army out of Normandy, which turned Debates into Deeds, and Confultations into Aftions. There were many Religious Foundations built and endowed in the troublefom Reign of King Stephen ^ not to fpeak of the Monaftery of St. Mary de Prat is founded by Robert Earl of Leicefter, and many others of this time -, the goodly Hofpital of St. Katherines nigh London, was founded by Mated, Wife to King Stephen. So (lately was the Quire of this Hofpital, that it was not much inferior to that of St. Pads in London, when taken down ill the dayes of Queen tUz^b-rh. by Dodor Thomas Wilfon, the Mafter thereof, and Secretary of State : Y?a King Stephen himfelf ereded St. Stephen's Chzp^d in IVifimi-'fter. He built alfo the Ciftertians Monafteiy in Fever^iam, with an Hoi;: ital near the Wvit-ga:e in Te-rk; The King earneflly urged ThcobAld Archbiflmp of CMurcHry to Crown his Son £«/(iCf. But T/jio^.TWftoudy refufed, tbooah profcri- bed for the fame, and forced to fly the Land, till after hint time he was reconciled to the King. Enfiace the King's Son died of a Frenzy, as going to plunder the Lands of Bury- Abbey. Hereupon an agreement ' was made between King Stephen, and Henry Duke of NorrM>idy, Son of Maxtd the Emprefs, the former holding the Crown during his Life, and after his Death fetling the fame on Hfwj, his adopted Son and Suc- ceflor. Vlitinx In ■^^ ''^'^ ^™^ Nicholas Breah/fear-, an Englifh-man, born near Vxbridge, Muano. IV.' came to be Pope, called Adrian the fourth j he was not inferior to Hilde- hrand'm Pride. Shortly after he had Excoraunicated the Emperor, he walked with his Cardinals, to refrelli himfelf, in the Fields of Anagnia ; and coming to a Spring of Water he would tafte of it; and w-ifh the Water a Fly entreth into his Throat, and choaketh him. In the latter end «£ his Dayes he was wont to fay, Thirs is not a more rtretched Life than tfte CDUtClJ of Great Britaim. 4j " to he Fope. To come into the feat of St. Vtttt by Ambition, it not to fuc- Matth. Park ceed Peter in Feeding the Flocks ^«f ««^<» Romulus in Paracide j feeing that Seat is never obtained without fame Brother's Blood. King Stephen died, and was buried with his Son and Wife at Fever- " (ham in Kent, in aMonaftery which himfelf had Erefted, At the De- molifliing whereof, fome to gain the Lead wherein he was wrapped, caft his Corpfe into the Sea. King //i?K>7 the fecond fucceeded him . a Prince Wife, Valiant, and generally Fortunate. He prefently chofe a Privy-Counfel of Clergy and Temporalty, and refined the Common Laws: yea toward the latter end of his Reign began the ufe of our Itinerant Judges. He parcelled Eng- land into fix divifions, and appointed three Judges to every Circuit. He razed moft of the Caftles of England to the ground, the Bifliops be- ing then the greatcfl: Traders in thofe Fortifications. He difclaimed all the Authority of the Fope, refufed to pay Peter- pence, and interdided ail Appeals to Rome. At that t\mt Phiipde Brok^, a Canon of Bedford, was queftioned for Murther ; he ufed reproach- ful fpceches to tie King's Juftices, for which he was Cenfured ; and the Judgescomplained unto the King, that there were many Robberies, and Rapes, and Murthers, to the number of an hundred, committed within the Realm by Church-men. Thomas Becket, Dodior of Canon-law, was by the King made Lord Chancellor of England. Four years after upon the Death of Theobald, Becket was made by the King ArchbiDiop of Canterbury. Anno 1160. Thirty Teachers corns irom Germany into England, and taught the right ufe of Baptifm, and the Lord's Supper, &c. and were put to Death. Then Tvhn of Sarum, and others, taught, that the Roman Church was the Whore of 5 and is whipped by diverfe Monks, of whom fome gave him five ladies , fome three. Concerning which penance A^achiavel fpeaks thus in the firft Book of /.; a^,/; c^fi theHoftory oi' Florence- Thefe things were acsepted by Henry, and fo- juroao (ia'En- great a King fubmitted himfelf to that 'ptdger/tent , to which a private man ^ 'co -iccett^tn; in our dayes would be afliamed to fubmit himfelf. Then he exclaimeth, ^f/"*^'"- ^^f^ So much things that have fome fiew, are more dreaded afar off, than near [jg ,^,j tMto' hand: Which he faith, Becaufe at the fame time the Citiz^ens of Rome Rechebnggiun expelled the Pope out of the City with difgracc , f corning his Excommu- huo.vw privjto- nication. This was done in the year of our Lord 1170. as appeareth '^,"/''^.''^"-'" ^ by thefe Verfes. Scc. nm k cofe chi pjiono- jiiino Milleno, Centeno, Septnageno, fone pi:, da iH;'' Anglorum primas, corrnit enfe Thomas, coffitchi a: .ip- ^ o .. r > 7 . . ... pYeptiiniitt.^ 48 ■ ^ %i^'^Viii^-Qf In theyear 1179. Lewis King oi Frarice, who t'.ad entertained Tho- rnas at SenSy paffed over into England to Worfhip him. and made his De- votions to his Relicks. Then Richard Prior of Dsver , who divided Kent into three Archdeaconries, was made Archbiiliop of Canterbury. Vnbkn. in Fabi/tfi (iiih, He v^as a man of evil living, and Vfajred the goods of the Henry 2. Church inordinately. A Synod was called at Wefiminfter, the Pope's Legat being prefent thereat, where was a great Contention between the two Archbiiliops of Canterbury and Tor^ for Precedency; words begat biowes , and the Archbifbop of Canterbury's party pulled 2V^ from his S;at to the ground, and tore his Cafule, Chimer, and Rochet from his Back •, and put the Legat in fuch fear, that he ran away. The next day after Tork^ Appealeth to Ro.'ne. Here the Pope intcrpofed, and to end old divifions, m^de a new diftindion, Eniitling C^«m-^«ry , Primate of all £»g-//i3(sfj and ro>-i<_. Primate of £«^/^W. Kmg Henry ^kA zt Chinon in Normandy, and was buried with very great Solemnity in the Nunnery of Font-Everard in the fame Countrey, a Religious Houfe of his own Foundation and Endowment. At that time were many Married Priefts in Britain. His Son, Richard the firlt, firnamed Coeur de Lyon, fucceeded him, and on September 3 . was crowned at Weflminfier of Baldwin Archbifiiop of Canterbury. Then this King ordained the City of London to be ruled by two Bailiffs. The two firft Bailiffs were Hew>7 Chornhil-y znd Richard Fita-River. In the time of the Coronation of the King, multitudes of jhe Jews in this Land were deftroyed . The King in part of fatisfaftion for his trefpafs againft his Father (for Queen JE//;3»o?- and his Sons had Tided with the King of France againft him ) agreed with Philip the French King to take upon them the recove- Fabim cbm.vy of the Holy Land. King Richard gz'/e over the Caftles of 5;??-B'?Vi^ and Roxburgh to the Scottirti King for the fum of ten thoufand pounds. He paffed away the Earldom of Northumberland unto Hugh Pudfey Bifhop of Durham for a great fum of Money for tetm of life j fcoffing, that he had made a young Earl of an old Bifliop. Befidcs, by the. command- ment of Pope Clement the third, a tenth was exaded of the whole Realm , The King fet over the Realm as principal in his abfence, the Bi/hop Monumems. ^'^ ^^ ^''^ Chancellor, and the Bifhop of Durham; whom he ordamed to be Chief Juilice of England. Ely to have cuftody of the Tower, with the overfight of all other parts of the Land on this fide Humber: and Durham to have charge over all other his Dominions beyond Hura- ber. The Pope alfo made William Bifliop of Ely bis Legate through all England and Scotland. As for Men and Souldiers, the Prelates, Friars, and other Preachers, had ftirred up innumerable by their manifold exhortations ( the Arch- bi/liop tlje CDtttCft of Great Britain. 49 bifliop of Canterbury having travelled through Wales in Perfon for that purpofe ) in Pulpits and private Conferences. Then King Richard ( With fome of our Englilh Nobilky, who adventured their Perfons in the Holy War ^ croffed the Seas into France, to Philip King thereof. After fome neceffary ftayes, having paffed the River Rhene at Liom, they parted company : Philip marching over the jilpes into Italy, and King Richard to the Sea-fide at Marjilia, there to meet with his Navy. King Richards Fleet of Ships being not come, he embarked himfelf in twenty hired Galleys, and ten great Buffes ( a kind of Shipping then peculiar to the Mediterranean Seas ) and fet Sayl toward Mejfana in Sicily, the Ren- dezvouz of both the Kings and their Armies. In which palTage King Richard\y\x\o at Anchor ( on occafion ) in the mouth of the River Ti- ber , not far from Kome, Oitavianus theBi/hop of Hefiia repaired unto him, defiring him in the Pope's name, that he would vifit hisHoiinefs : which the King denied to do^ allcadging that the Pope and his Officers had taken 700 Marks for Confecration of the Bifhop of Mains, 1500 Marks for the Legative power of William Bifliop of Ely j but of the Archbilhop of EHrdeattxin infinite fum of Money; whereupon he re- fufcdto ke Rome. King Richard ftudying to fit himfelf for the great attempt he bad in hand, called before him his Archbirtiops and BifliopSj that accompanied him:, into a Chappel at the Houfe where he was lodged^ where he made a penitent confeffion of his fins, humbly Praying to God for Mercy, and them ( as his fubordinate Miniilers ) for Abfolution : and God ( faith R. Hoveden ) refpeded him with the eyes of Mercy , fo that from thence-forth he feared God, efchewingevil, anddoinggood. King Richard fcnt for Joachim, Abbot of Calabria, a Man of great Learning and Underdanding in the Scriptures, who at his coming he heard expounding the Apocalypfe of St. jtfi», touching the afflidions of the Church, andthcflateof Antichrift, which ( faith he ) was then born, and in the City of i?o«»f, of whom theApoftlefaid, HeJhoHldex- alt himfelf above all that is called God. Afterwards, at the fiege of ./icrw, or Ptolemais in Palefline, Kainl' phus de alta ripay Archdeacon of Golchefter ended his Life ; there alfo died Saldmn Atchhiihop of CanterbHry f and Hubert Walter Bifliop of Sarisbnry Cafterward Archbifliop of Canterbmry) was a moft adive Com- mander there, befides many more of the eminent Clergy engaged in that fervice. William Bifliop of Ely playd Rex in the King's abfence, abufing the Royal Authority committed to him. Acre's was delivered to the King's of England and France , who divided the fpoil of that City betwixt them. King Richard after this and many other notable Atchievcraents in Pa- lefiine, at his return from thence, was taken Prifoner by Leopald Duke of ^Mj}ria, and detained by him with hard and Unprince-like ufage : - — ■■ H wlulft ^.o i^yi^^^-^mmv of whrl'ft the EngHfii Clergy ende'avoured tKei)iocemii Pafa, d.ita eft ejnadraircji-^^a pars redditum omninrn Ecclejiarii>n ad fiibjidium terra promijjlonis. Therefore a free Gift, not an impofed Tax. Neither would the King of E«^/!,m3.de in the firft year of his reign, to carry on that War, he not only dettiand- ed a fupply of Moneys from hii Nobility and Clergy, but likewife from the Ci'ftercia,:T_ylbbots. The fame year the Church and City of Rhoan being confumed with fire, King ^ofc/z granted them his Letters Patents for a liberal contributi- on throughout all England, toward the repair of that Church, princi- pally for the Virgin Maries fake, to whom it was dedicated, then ado- red more than God himfelf. This is the firfl Patent of fuch a Colledion that we have yet metwich. "Pious this King was in offering one ounce of Gold to God every Lord's-day and Holy-day, which the ArchbiOiop of Canterbury then offered and disburfed for him, or claimed as his Fee, being allowed it in the Exchequer upon his account. In the fourth year of King John, fome Irifli Bifliops and Archdea- iE<)ns, Suffragans to the Archbilhop of Dublin, endeavoured, without this King's precedent Licenfe and Affent, to eleft an Archbifhop, and get him confirmed at Rome by the Pope, againftthe King's Right and Dignity. Whereupon he entred an Appeal againfl: them b.fore himfelf, to Preferve his Right and Dignity therein. -The fame year there being many contefts between the Dean and Ck- ^oris^, and (jfe/^y Archbifhopof f'o?-^,' who byhis Archiepifcopal aif- thority and violence/ did much opprefsthem : the King upon their com- plaint, by his Authority and Letters Patents granted them aProteftion againftHim andhjslnftruments. •' In the fifth year of King 'john, Godfrid Bi(bop o( Win(:hcfter decetfr ■fing, Fftrits de Riipib'M, a. Knight and great Souldier, Vir eqiteBrls o'r- dinis, i^ inrebmbeUcii miditm procurante Reo-e Johannc, being choftn v.mi r 4 ^ J > t, ^^ 56 Xfte i^iao^p of to the Biflioprick, fucceeded him ; who going to Rome, Vbimagnis ■sLe^^ nits Uberditer colUt-ii adEcckftam Wintomenfem, maturavit Epifcopus con- fecrari. This year the Men of Holdernefs refufing to pay their Traves due to St. Johnoi Beverly out of their Ploughed-lands to the Farmer of them , as they did to the Provoft and Chapter before ; the King ilTued out a Writ to the Sheriffs of Tork to fcize the Perfons and Goods of thofc the Provoft and Chapter fliould excommunicate, and detain them till pay- ment, fince He and his Tenants duly paid them out of his and their Dcmefnes. In the fixth year of King John, the Bifliop, Dean, and Chapter of DHrhanfi the Dean and Chapter of To?-^, with fundry other Deans and Chapters, Abbots and Priors within the Province of York , to prevent the unjuft arbitrary Excommunications, Sufpcnfions, and Interdifts of Ceoffry Atcbhiihop oi Tork,^ againft their own Tenants, Lands and Pof*- feflions, by reafon oLfome differences between them concerning their Jurifdidions and EccMiaftical Priviledges," which they complained the Archbifhop invaded, appearing before the King at Yerk., did there in the King's own prefence appeal him before the See of Rome, prefixing a cer- tain day, to which the King by his Letters Patents gave his Royal Tefti- inony and Aflenr, they not daring to appeal without his Licenfc, About two years after King ?ehn zr\d his Nobles meeting ztWivche- fier, placing his hope and ftrength in his Treafures, required and re- ceived through all England the thirteenth part of all Movables and other things, as well of the Laity as of aU other EccleGaflical Perfons and Pre- lats, all of them murmuring at it, and wilhing an ill event to fuch ra- pines, but not daring to contradid it. Only Geoffry Archbifliop of Tork_ openly contradiiJting it, privily departed from £;wj^/<jy that would conquer it. Only th Kingvfdl Hoi excemmmicated by nitme^ but that rvas done the next year after. Next, Pope 7«w««f 5epofed King fohnhom the Kingdom of Eng' land, and abfolved the Englijh from the Oath of their AUegiatice, and commanded Philip Aiigujt King of France, that for the remiffion of his fins he fhould invade the Kingdom-of England with force of Arms , giving to thofe that fliouldiollow the King in that Conqueft, the pardon of all their fins, and the fame Graces and Pardons,, as to them that vifit the holy Sepulchre. Whereupon the faid King Philip, partly to obtain the remifTioB of his fins, partly to make himfelf Matter of England, rai- fed a mighty Army, whilft Innocent was ftirring up the Efiglijh to rife againft their King. This moved King ^ohn to humble himfelf under the Pope, and to re- ceive fuch Conditions as liked him beft. TheConditionswere, . That the King fhohld yield unto the Pope the vphole right of Patronage of all the Bene fees of his Kingdom. That^ to obtain uibfolntion of his fins, he fhonld pay to the Clergy of Canterbury, and to other Prelates, the fum ef eight thonfand pounds Sterling .. That he Jljould fatiffie for the damages done to the Church acco-rding to the judgment of the Pope's Legat. _ Thm the faid King fhoHld refign his Crovnn into the Pope's hand, with his Kingdoms of Enghnd and Jrehnd • for which Letters were formed and given to P dhI^ King Johnhss'xng feized and detained in his hands the Temporalties of ^"""'i T^'omt^ the Arcbbiflioprick of Armach in Ireland, for that the Bifliop was eleded fo^sh^riffs' without his Licenfe, againft his Will and Appeal, two Monks coming to And io.';i(re- hiro, proffering him three hundred Marks in Silver, and three Marks a kidgt began year in Gold, for to have the Lands, Liberties, and Rights thereof, he to be biult by his Writ returned them to his Chief Juftice there, to do what was ^"h Stone; £-•'... and Sr. Savi. ^"o"?'"" , . r , , • ^ . , ours \x. South. phn Beumond coming from^ewf to lay claim to a Prebendary in varl^ the Hafiings, fued to the King for his Licenfe and fafe condud to come into ftme year. and return from £?z^/4»«f, which he. granted upon this condition, that upon his arrival he fliould give fecurity, that he cameiiither for no ill to the King, nor for any other bufinefs but that Prebendary. The like Licenfe he granted to Simon Langton ihe Archbilliop's Brother, upon the fame and ftridcr conditions. King fohn fent a memorable Letter to the Pope by fpecial Meflengers, to claim and juftifie this ancient and undoubted Right which He and his Royal Anceflors enjoyed^ to provide and prefer Archbifliops and Bifliops to the See of Canterbury, and all other Cathedrals, actefted by the Let- ters of the Bifliops of England, and other credible perfons, defiring him to preferve the rights of the Church and Realm of England entire and in- violable by his Fatherly provifion. Then the King entred into a League with Otho the Emperour, and ,^ , r„n,^;,n iorced fohn King ot Scots, who received his fugitive Subjects, and har- boured them in his Kingdom, to fend to him for peace, to pay him eleven thoafand Marks to purchafe his peace with him, and to put in Hoftagesfor his fidelity without any Fight between them. Yea, the the Welch-men themfelves, formerly rebellious, foon after his return from Scotland, voluntarily repaired to him at Woodfieck., and there did ho- mage to him. After which. Anno 121 1 . he entring into Wales v/kh a great Army as far as Snowdown, Reges omnes er Nobiles fine co7itradi6Hone fub'ugavit, de fubjeRione in pojierumob fides vigintioSio fufce^it, & inde ciin profpc" ritate ad Albaiii Montifierium remeavit , Lewellin Prince of North' Wales being enforced to render himfelf to mercy, without any Batiel at all. ; "^^V^r: I Z WhCJi 6o %^t ^i^otv of When the Pope's Abfolution of the Nobles and all other Subjeds front the King's Allegiance would not fhake his magnanimous refolatiooj nor Prym' sJiiCio- his Peoples loyalty 5 the Pope's Legats, Pafidulfh^s^nd Durance, for- ry. Bookj. ged new devifes to efifed their defigns -by fraud and terror; to which ™- 3- purpofe they procured fund ry Letters from divers Charters to - be brought unto him, whilft he fate at dinner n Nottir^gbam, intending to- fct upon the Vy'vlch-men with a potent Army ( whom they had flirred up- to rebel againft him, and invade England) to divert him from his de-- fign ; all to this efted:. That there was a fecret Flat laid to dejlroy him. Ke-marched to Chefier, where he met with new Letters to the like effedt :* wliich caufed him to difmifs his Army, and defign againft the Welch" men. Befides, the Popi/li priefts fet npone Teter an Hermite, a counterfeit Prophet, to tenifie theKing, and alienate the peoples hearts from him by his falfe Prophcfies. This counterfeit Sooth-fay er.prophefied, That- • J^ing^ohn ^lonldreign no longer th.tn the K{liz^a^\Q^n-ii^^^ , within the year of oitr Lord, 1 213. which was the fourteenth from his Coronation ; and this- C he faid) he had by Revelation. When ths Afcenjion-day was come, the King commanded his Regal TciH to be fpread abroad in the open field, pafling that day with his no- ble G-ouncil and Men of Honour, in the greateft folemnity that ever he did before, folacing himfelf with mufical Songs and Inftruments, moft in- - fight of his trufty Friends. This day being pad in all profperity and mirth,- the King commanded, that Feter the Hei-mite, that falfe Prophet-,' ftiould be drawn, and hanged like a Traitor. New behold themifery o-f King ^e/;«,- perplexed with the Frewrfe Xings daily preparation to invade £?7ff-/^«<;^, affifled by many Engli/h male-contents, andaL' theesil'dBifhops. Hereupon he funk on a fud- den beneath himfelf, to an act of unworthy fubmiffion and fubjeftion to the Pope. Yox on Afcciifion-Eve , A-fayi^. being in the Town of J)o- ver (ftanding as it were on tiptoes, on the utmoft edge, brink, and label of that Land, which now he was about to-furrender ) ivTing fohn by an Inftrument, or Charter fcaled, and folemnly delivered in theprefence of many Prelats and Nobles, to Fandnlfhui the Pope's Legat, granted to God and the Church of Rome, theApoftles Feter^ni^Faid, and to pope Innocent the Third and his SuccefTors, the whole A'ingdom of Eng- Tftlln's Lwd and Ireland. And took an Estate thereof back again, yielding and' Church Hi-^ paying yearly to the Church of Rome (over and above the Teter-pence) .on. oo"^ 5* J. tfjoufand Marks 5fer/z'«j-, wz,. -feven hundred for jE^/.j«afj and three- hundred for Irela-nd. In the paffing hereof, the /Cing's Inftrument to the Pope was fealed with a Seal of Gold, and the Pope's to the A'ing was fealed with a Seal of Lead. This being done, the King took the Crown off his Head, and fet it upon Fandiilfhin hisKnm (atwhofe- feet he alfo laid h[s Scepter, Robe, Sword and Ring, his Royal En-Hgns^ as. tl)e Cl)ttrt!) of Great Britain. a* John de Serres relates) and thefe words faid he in hearing of all the great Lords of England. Here Irefign up the Crown and the Realm of England into the hands of Pcfe- Jnnocentius the Third, and put me wholly' inhis mercy, andinhis ordinance . Then PandKlphtect'wed the Crown of King John, and kept itfivc dayes in his hands, and confirmed all things by bis Charter. Now the Pope's next dcfign was,how to take off, and pacifie the French A'ing from his intended Invafions, and fo fent the Archbilhop and his Confederates inx.o England, there to infult over X^ing John, as they had done abroad. Next year the Interdift was taken off the iCingdom, and a general joy was over the Land. - The feventeenth of ^«^«/? following the exiled Bifliops landed at Dover, and were condufted in State to the A'ing it Wine he fieri the Jc'ing's extraordinary humbling to, and begging pardon of them, pro- ilrating hinifelf to the ground at their feet, and their infolenr carriage toward him, is rehtedhy Matthew Parii. The next day after their coming to Winchefter, the King iffued out ■ Writs to all the Sheriffs of England , to enquire of their damages. There were other Writs fent to the itings Judges, to proceed in the faid Inquifition. After this general compliance with them, thciiC'ing conceiving he bad given them full content, and fetled all things in peace, refolved to pafs - with an Army into Picardy, whither the Nobles refufed to follow him. In the mean time the Arehbifliop, Bifliop, Nobles, meeting at Sr. ^|- ' bans about the damages to be reftored by the King to the Prelates, during > their exile, fell to demand the confirmation of their Liberties, granted by his Grandfather King Henry tht firft, which the A'ing condescended unto. Soon after the Arehbiflrop caufed all the Bifliops, Abbots, Priors, Deans, and Nobles of the Realm to meet together at Londan, upon pre- text of fatisfying his and the exiled Bifliops damages, but in verity tO' engage in a new Rebellion againft the Crown, and confer it on Lewis the French Kin^s Son, asthey did intheconclufion, under pretence of de- manding the confirming the Charter and Liberties granted by Aing W«;- ry the firft, there produced by thcArchbilhop, which the A'ing bad buj newly ratified at St. ^^ The yl/flor offended at his offer, told the AmbafTadours, That he lately Jtfodo ivffiexi hadrea.i Paul's Epiifles, which for the matter liked him well, fave only iih-m i'l Grs- th^t Paul had reneunced that F^tith, .therein he was barn, and the fewijh "■^d3m''"Gr"d^^''^'^^^"' ^^^herefoic he flighted A'ing fohn as one devoid both of piety j',''{.;4f';5, ^'^ and policy, who would love his liberty, and difclaim his Religion. A c I ! ]fl'uni, in- ftrange tender, if true. myn paisli ; But Mr. Pryraf proverb if to be a moft fcandalous malicious forgery c.:]m a.lm&'Q^ t[iis Monk of Sr. Albans aeaind the King for fequeftring that -.no, r,ul.n ^^^ ,6 5 4 6 . rnaxtme com- „, f,. „. ^ , -, i- „ . , , . ., pljcint6-M- Ihi!ipK\ngot France, together with his Son I,w^f, and his Proctor, c;pio. V'!i:m and all thcNobles of France, Anno I2id. with his own mouth proteft- tmmde if[o ed againft this Charter and refignacion to Walo the Pope's own Lcgat, '^oT^Mf^s"' 0^''^''^ purpofelyfenrtothemby pope /«;;ocf«f, to diffwade them from jy.bq:ia. /wt;« '"^'''^'"g E'^gUnd , as being then St. Peter's Patrimony) not only as ijt non {init ■■y^'oW , void in it lelffor feveral Reafons., but of moft pernitious ti^. jid ad alii ta- Simple qn'^"" tra>i5f• llioprick of Eocheficr to hini and his SucceObrs : and to the Bifhop of Ely he granted the Patronage of the Abbey of Tomey. Mr. Prynne, who kept the Records of [he Toiver, tells us, that upon ftrideftfearchhe couldfind no paymentof the forefaid Annuity, or Ob- lation to Pope Innocent by King John himfelf who gfanted^it, bur only for one year beforehand, when he fealed his Charter, who dying about three years after, during which time his Kingdom was infefted with Ci- , vil War > between him and his Barons, invaded by Lewis of France, who was made King by the Barons in his ftead, his Lands, Rents feized, his Treafure exhaufted, and the People every where miferably plundered, it is probable that there neither was nor. could beespefted any other pun« ftual payment of it. : The Pope and his Legat Nicholas, having in a manner bereaved King John of his Regal Dignity, and Authority, began forthwith to play Rex: they ufurped the Sovereign Authority both in Church and State, EiA amUc. prefcnting to all Billiopricks, Abbies, Spiritual promotions, and Bene- f.237, 25S.' fices then void,.t-without the Patrons con fent, by way of Provifion and Collation, to the prejudice of the Crown^ and enthralling of the Church - ~ of tfte C|ltttC!) of C^REAT Britain. 6t^ of EngUnd, not vouchfafing to confult either with the King himfelf, the Archbilhop, or Birtiops concerning their difpofal. This was the very original of Pope's Provifions, and difpofals of Bi- fliopricks, Abbies, with all forts of Spiritual promotions and Benefi. cti'm England: no Fopeprefuming to confer any Bilhoprick, Benefice, or Prebendary, in France, or England, Ufqiie ad tem^ora Domini Inno- centii tertn, qui frimtu ajjnir,ffit fihl jits ifiud in tempore fuo , as the French Agent remonftratcd to Pope Innocent the Fourth. Thefe Provifi- ons foon overflowed the Church of £?/g-/<««( Lincoln, toreftore them to the pofleflion of their Teroporalties in the Cinque-ports, and other places. Yet on tne contrary, all the Bilhops and Clergy-men, who faithfully adhered to the King, and communicated with him, or any othsr excommunicated perfon, or received any Bettefices from them during the Inter Ji.i, were by thefe Prelates ( now made their Judges ) and Pope's cenfures, or- dered to be fufpended from all their Ecclefiaftical Offices, Benefices, Pre- ferments, and ordered to appear perfonally at Rome before the Pope, to be examined, tre their Sufpenfions releafed, except only fuch as had given fatisfaflion to the Church for this offence. The turbufent Archbifhopilirred up the Barons toa newInfurreAiori, againft the King, abour their Liberties, who coitiing all tothe King af cr Chriftmas, Anno 1215. demanded the confirmation of their Charter, who craved time to advife thereon till after Eajier, the Archbilhop and two more becoming his Sureties, that then he fliould give fatibiaftion to all of them. TheBaronsagainft the time, rather preparing themfclves for a Battel, than Conference with the King , affembled together at Stamfordwithim\ghtY Army, havingArchbifhop S^fp^fn their princi- pal Abettor, who yet feeracd to fide with the King, and was moll ardu- ous ^4 I' I %btMfJtmof "aus,aJ>om^Tfn. TheJBarons -marching a? far as Brackifey, theKingfenc the Archbiftp to treat with them, vyhobrought back a Schedule of their claimed tibertics; with this Meffage, That if he prefently confirmed them not to them by his Charter, they would force him to it, by feizjng all hii Ca- files and Provifions. Whereupon the /Cing replied, wjiy d» they not alfo demand the\kingdom ? fwearing never to enjlave himfelf , to fuch^concejfi-, op. The Archbifhop returning with this peremptory Anfwer, theBa-. rons forthwith ktzed Bedford-Cajtle, and were admitted into Zow^ow,' the Citizens fiding wich them. Whereupon iheiCing appointed to treat wiih them at Hmning-mead, whither the Barons came with armed mul- titudes from ail parts of theRealm, where after fome"parley, the /Cing granted them their defircs , not only for their Liberties fpecified in Magna Chart a, and Charta Forrclia^ which he then fealed, and by his "VVrits commanded to be put in due execution, but alfo thatttwenty five Peers elefted by them ( to whom all were fworn to obey ) fliould force tjic iiTing to obferve thefe Charters (if ever he receded from them) by feizing.allhisCalHes. jHratMm efi a parte Regis -^ jQjiod Anglicana £<;- clcfia libera ft, &c. It was fworn on t6e"/ungs part, that the Church oi England h free, and aU men of our iCingdom, have and do hold all the forefaid Liberties, Rights !andGuftoms, well and peaceably, freely and quietly, fully and wholly to themfelves and their Heirs, &c. All the Barons and Commons of the Realm then and afterwards taking the fame Oath. The Archbifliopand Barons thruft into this new Charter many Articles and Claufes, for their own, the Churches, and Pope's advantage, not extant in the Charter of Xing iie«ry the Firft, as may hzktnin Matthevf Paris\\i5l{\.^ory, ■■,■■■'■■.■. This Charter ( though it faved a great part of the icing's Ereroga-^ tiye to petition him and his Heirs for Licenfes to eleft, and for hisAffent^ gaveagreatwo.undtohisEcclefiaftical Supremacy-, and made all Chap- ters, Covents, Bifhops., Monks, yea Popes and their Agents to ilight J his Regal Authority and Ljcenfestoo, infomuch that he could prefer nott perfon to any Biflioprifk, Monaftery, or elediveDignityj but whom the Eledors pleafed to make choice of. ' iting t'o.^w withdrawing and obfcuring himfelf from his Bilhops and . Barons in the Ifle of Wight, Xent MeiTengers fccretly to Rome, to com- plain, and appeal to the Pope againft their Treafpns, RebeDiojis, and the Charters forcibly extort^ed from ^im, wjiilft under the Pope's proteftion, . who thereupon vacated the Charters. - . Then theArchbifliop to demonftrate his gratitude to King fohn, for the Patronage and Royalty of the Biflioprickof Rochejhr, newly con- ferred on him and his Succeffors, delivered up Ktfe/7fi?f?" Caftle, with all the Ammunition therein to the Barons. A'ing ^ate after three months . fiege took it, by force,'ouc of the Baroni hands, who proceeding in their Rtbellions againft the i^Ting, the ,'Pop|£xco^tnjinicated them The Pope's ....... i....i,, I..--.- ^ ^- ^ggjj^g t!)t CljtttClJ of Great Britain. 65 Agents gave the Archbifliop a perfonal command to execute the Ex- communication, which he delayed to do^ whereupon they fufpended him. King fohn complained to the Pope of the Barons obftinacy, and how the Archbilliop rcftifcd to Excommunicate them. Soon after there was a General Council held nRome, to which the Archbifhop was fum- moaed, and there fufpended from his Archbilhoprick upon the King's complaints againft him. When this fufpenfion of the Archbifliop was executed, the Pope commanded all his Suffragans and Subjeds to difobey him, till by his humiliation, and giving fufficient caution for his future deportment, he fliould demerit it. A juft retaliation inflided by God's providence on this Arch-enemy to King yo&«. The Archbilhoprick of Tor^ becoming void, the King, by his Letters PaientSjgr anted the Chapter of Tor^a Licenfe to cled a new Archbifliop, in the preferice of five Commiflioners therein fpecially named, and with their confents/ to prevent the Eleftion of Siwon Langton, the Archbi- (hop's Brother, this being the firft Licenfe after his forecited Charter to the Archbifliop and Biftiops, for the freedom of Eleftions. After which the King fcnt his Patent of Appeal to the Chapter of Terk , in general termes, not to Eleft any Perfon for their Archbifliop, fufpefted to be an enemy to him, to avoid all mifconftrudions of his former Charter for freedom of Eleftions. He alfo fecretly prohibited them to Eleft Simon Langton by name, to whom he would never give his Royal Af- fenc. This Chapter, notwithAand'ogtHe King's and Pope's Inhibition like- wife, to gratific Stephen Kxcliiiiho^Qi Canterbury, Elcfted Simon Lang' ton, his Brother, Archbifliop o^York- Arid the Canons of Tor^appearing in the Council at Rome., juflified their EleAion, and prefenred SimoTt Langton to the Pope for their Archbifliop Eleft, and prcfled his Confir- mation of him. The Covent and Monks of D«rfc<«w affronted King John in the Eledi- on of their Bifliop, whereupon hewas enforced to make ufc of the Popes and Legate's power, and yet could not effeft his ends. But the Pope obtains His, to difpofe of all Eledions and Bifliopricks at his plea- fure. The fame year the King, with fomeflrugling,procured R.de Afarifco, to be Bifliop of Winchefter. Yet we find not, in any of our Hiftorians, that he was ever Confecrated Bidiop oiWimhefier. notwithftanding his EleiSion, and the King's approbation, and Letters to the Pope's Legate on his behalf; fo that, he mifcarried in this defign, as bcdidiii that of Hngh Foliot to St. Davids. Neither did be fucceed in his recommenda- tion of three fcveral Perfonsto the Prior and Covent oi Ramfey. Then the Monks of G/ij/^avtwry prevailed, wiih Money, to have their Abbey fevered from the Biftioprick of Bath and Wells, and 10 be governed " ' ■' ' K by 66 JTDe #!!lo?p of by an Abbot as formerly, parting with no lefs than four Manors , and the Patronage of fix Benefices to ]ocelitie Bifliop of Bath and WeUs , and his Succeffors, by way of compofition, to obtain this dif- iinibn. - Then the Pope exempted King J-ehn's ChappeU from Epifcopal Ei- comraunica,tion-and Jurifdidlion, without the Pope's fpeeial cotnmandjv which by the Lawei of the Realm w€re exempted from them long before. - -The Barons and the Londoners flighted the Pope's Excommunication, 2.ndi(odoih Lewis oi France, the Inibition of the Pope and his Legate, not to im^it England. In the mean time Lems his Prodors at Rome pleaded, that King f^n had no good Title to the Crown oi England, ihewing Lems his Title thereunto : which put Pope Innocent to a great dilemma,. But the Pope himfelf became King lohrii Advocate, as well as Judge , not as King of England , but onely becaufe he was his Vaffal.- Then was England mikvMy wafted by Lewis and his Army in the Eaftand South, and by King John in the Weft and North, whereup- on forty of the Barons becatBC fenfible of their error in rejcding King fghn, and in calling in and Crowning. Zftv^ for their King ; and being likewife informed by Vifcount Melna on his death-bed, upon his Salva- tion , That Lewis-, and XVI. others of his chief Barons andEafls, whereof himfelf was one, had taken an Oath, •^Ijat if t\)it tl^ Crotort&f England toete qui£tlB fetlrt! on 1310 ipean, ft- tooulD conneum to perpetual erileallt^eoBnsUG^tDtio m\o aBl)ereti to tiim againfl Mm John, ajs Craito^js tot^eii* lawful ©ottreign, antituoulD aSuall^ ntiXf pate ail tlieir feinB?etl : advifing them timely to prevent their miferies, and lock up his words under the Seal of fecrecy j thereupon addreffedthemfelves with their Letters bf fubmiffioh to King fehn, but before thefe Letters were delivered, or any Anfwer returned, the King was poifoned by one Simon a Monk of Snfinjhed-Ahhey in Lincoln-Jhire, of which poifon he died. When he faw his Death approaching, he with penitent Confeflion of his fins, and great Devotion, received the holy Eucharift, having the Abbot oiCroxton both for his Bodily and Ghoftly Phifitian •, and then not onely forgave all his Mortal Enemies , but alfo fent Command to Henry his Son to do the like, to whom he caufed all prefent to Swear Fealty, and fent Letters to all his Officers abroad to af- fift him. After which he commended his Soul to God, and his Body to be interred in the Church of Worcefter : Where he was afterwards fo; Jemnly bujried near the Body of Biihop Wolfton. In this year 1216. iLonnQ^zAWalter Ma^ez., Archdeacon of Oxford^ a:very Witty Man, who inhisVerfeS) painted forth in lively Colours - - _- _ - ' ihe: tl^e CI)tttC{J of Great Britain. 67 the Life of the Pope, the Affefiions and Rape of the Court ofkom , the Excefs and Pride of the Popift Prelates, as may be Read in his Book, 'Entitled, Diverfe Poms of the corrupt ftate of the Church. Hecompofed a Treatife, Entitled, jipocdyffls Pomificis Goliath, by which name he fignified, that Antichrfft was revealed in the Pope. Alfo PrAdicationem Goliath ; and other Treatifes againft the Pope and his Court, and of the dayes of the Court of Rome. Cirddm Cambrenjis mentioneth him in his Mirror of the Church, and faith. That he wot a Man in that Age in great tfiimation. His Poetical defcription of the City, Popes, and Court of Rome, I fliallhcrcfet down. Roma caput mundi, fed nil caput mmdum : ^jiod fendet a Capite, toturn eB immundum. Trahit enim vitium primum & feciindutn j Et de fundo redolet, quod eSi juxtafundum. Roma capit JinguloSi &res jlngulorHm, Komamrum Curia non elt nifi forum ■ Jbi funt venalia jura Senatorum, Etfolvit con tr aria, copia hummorum. In hoc confijioriofi quis caufam regat, Suam vel alterim, hie inprimii legat : Nifidet pecuniam, Roma totum TipgAt, Qui jilu^ About that time NigeSiu Fireker, a Learned Monk at Ca>iterbHyy, wrote a Book, De ahttfu rerum Ecclefia, and fent it to William., Fifliop of Ely , Chancellor of England. In this Book he not onely rebuked him, but all Teachers under the Pope's Tj'ranny : becaufe they commit- ted the Cure of Sonis unto Children, Belly-gods,, and defpifers of the Sacred Word Henry the third of that name, fucceedcd his Father King "john, being, about ten years old, and was Crowned at Glocejler by apart of the No- bility and Clergy ( upon the perfwafion of William Earl Marejliall, Earf of Tembrook^, a Nobleman of great Authority ) the reft fiding with the French Zeww : within little more than a twelve Moneth he recovered the entire poffeffion of his Kingdom. In Whitfun-week the Pope's Legate encouraged the King's Army to fight the French King's Forces at Lincoln : and after a /harp conflift they routed the Barons and Lewis'% Forces, flew and took many of them Fri- foners, with the lofs onely of three Men, and took the City of Lincoln., with all the Treafure and baggage of the Enemy. The King's Ships watching the French Fleet at Sea, tranrporting Souldiers and fupplies unto Lewi^, took EHflachiiu a Monk, their Admiral, Prifoner, whofe , Head the King's Brother Richard cut ofif with his Sword, defpifing the great fum of Money which he proffered for his Ranfom. Soon after which defeats by Land and Sea, both Parties had a conference at Stanes, and came to an Agreement, Septemb. 3.. and Lewis flumefully departed this Realm. But notwithftanding this Agreement with the Barons, yet the Pope's Legate exempted all the Bifhops, Abbots, and Clergy, out of this Aft of pacification, for their contempt of the Pope's Authority, that he might difpofe of their Ecclefiaftical promotions and Benefices to his Inftrumenrs, and put them to exceffive fines at the prefent, to fill the Pope's and his own CojBfers. -ciaxf.Anno 1. This Legate C^^/odidbearchieffway in the King's Council, and the H.g. m. 21. ^j«.Ca- Richard de Martfco, Bilhop of Durham, dying fuddenly at Peter- til of Bifh. borough- jibbey, as he was pofting to London with a great troop of Law- f, 5ij.5i(S. yej-s^ to prolecute his Suits againft the Monks of Durham', thereupon they beftowcd this Epitaph upon him. Culmina qui cufi 1 f Laudes pompafque Jiti 1 ' ESI fedata fi jQui pepulos regi Quod mors immi f ' iwonparatnonore pott y Vobis prapofi \ Similis fueram, benefci I Qftod fum ves eri' j \^Adme currendo vent j Upon his Death there grew a great diflfercnce between King Henry the third, and the Monks of Durham , about the ekftion of a Succeffor. There j Si me penfare veli i ! • ^ Memores fuper omnia fi \ , r "^ Nonpar cit honor e poti y*^' tDe Cl>tttC|) of Great Britain. 75 There was an Appeal about this EkdJion, pendingbefore the Archbifliop of rork^, before whom the King conftituted hisProdorby Patent. But after two years cxpenfive contcfts, the Monks eleAion of William Arch- deacon of Worceficr, a Man Learned and honcft, faith Matthew Paris, was cancelled at Rome, Ln{e the King's Chaplaih put by • and Richard Bifliop of Salisbury Elefted Biftop by the ^opt's- Favour • the fope one- ly gaining by /uchcontefts. ' The Emperor Frederick,the third, being juftly incenfed with the pub- lication of divers LifaellouSj and Scandalous Excommunications of Pope Gregory IX. againft him, in England, and all etcher Kingdoms and Churches, endeavoured to Vindicate himfelf and h^s innocency againft the Pope's calumnies, by difpatching Letters into all parts, and particui larly into England. Thefe proceedings (tf the -Pope againft the Emperor^ fo exafperated the Citizens of ^ow, that they expelled the Pope from the City, and chafed him to Feriijium. Anns 1228. died Stephen Langton Archbifliop of Canterbury, after- whofe death there grew a new conccft between the King arid Monks of Canterbury, about the Eleftion of a ne'w^ Archbifliop. The Monks; chofe Walter de Hevephm, nMoak, whom the King refufed toalLowof, re- folving to make Richard, his Chancellor, Archbifliop. Walter pofting to Rome to get Confirmation and Confecration from the Pope, and the King's Prodors there excepting againfl: him, prcflSng the vacating of his Eleftion, and making ^icW^ Archbifliop, with much importunity; they could not prevail with the Pope or Cardinals ro ftop Walter's Con- firmation, otproOiote Richard, till they had promifcd, in the behalf ol the King, unto the Pope, the tenths of all things moveable, frombotfah his Kingdomes of England and Ireland. Whereupon the Pope and Car- dinals forthwith vacated Walters Eleftion, for hfs infufficiency , and made, R«cfo^ri^ Archbifliop. So the Pope got two years payment of his anriual penfiony granted by King Johm arid a Tenth in pr omife. r ■ ■ ' ■ » Yet i where the King gave his Royal affent to; Bifliops du!yEle the Pope irtterpofed not. 'i ^'-■'^^•'i - " -'i'i!'-'^ ■ .'i-i]v/:i;b, L/!i; ; jii:j;ou:;-\/:. : : l;,"' i;,>i;...- This. Archbifliop Richard going^o Rome ,- to complain againft the King,' that all affairs of his Kii^^oM- Were Idifpii fed by the coufnfel of his chief J uftice //w^fi^r, when he'fead'ttoe aecompliflied hisde- fignes againft the King.'fi was' prefe'iltly 'taken away fey- fndden . Death. ■ '->. ■ ■"- - ■•. -:. ^ .;. , /'^'A': ■ ,■ ■ ^:\^^■.•::\^ -=V. ; . Then the King ifTued out a prohibition to the }Aor\\is6f Canterbuyy, not to do any thing pre^dicial to the rights of his Crown, nor to cled any Perfon Archbifliop, without his fpecial Licenfe,- nor ib fendanly^. Monks to Rome by the Pope's command, to Eled an Archbifliop there. .'The Monks in:puii'uance^of this. Prohibition by the :Kin8''s Lic«nfe, clefled fohu their Prior Aiclibifliopi whom the King by bis Letters Pa- L tents 74 XDe mftm of tents approved, defiring the Pope to confirm him, and likcwife made new Pioftors in the Court of Rome concerning this EleAion, And the King to promote his Affiirs the better in the Court of Rom, granted Annuities to fomeCardinals to obtain that jufticc from them by fuch Pen- (ipns, which he could not procure without them. But yet the Pope vaca- ted, this fecond eleftion as well as the firft. Hereupon the Monks proceed to a third eledion; but this third Perfon was alfo cafliiercd by the Pope. This See continued three years after Rtshard's death, and Edmo>id being nominated Archbifhop by the Pope, who fent him a Pall, was-confccrated by Roger Bifliop of London in April, Anno 1234^ the King being prefent with thirteen Bi/hops, in Ck-fJi-Churcb Cm- te,rhiei-y. Tn^hrChaxch- In the year 1232, the By the name of Lombards, ^ &om Lombardy, the place of their nativity, in Italy. And although they defcrted England on the decaying of the Pope's power and profit therein ; yet a double tnenjorial renjaineth of theai r one of their Ha- bitation, in Lombtoid-fireet in London : the other of their Emplayment j a Lombard unto this day fignifies a Bank for Ufury, or Pawns, ftiU con- tinued in the Low-countries and elfewhere. See here the Pope's hypa- crifie, forbidding Ufury, as a finfodeteftable, under fuch heavy penal- ties in his Canon Law, whilit his own Inftr uments were the. moft, micon- fcionabic praftifers thereof withow any controul. 'Siim ■Riih.rs ^ Eli^t Rnbeuf, an Englift-maHj wrote a Book, wherein helaid, 7l&ar jli^'^ ?fee Monkj had converted Religion into fnperjiition, making falvatien . to can^ "^ in things, ?-j^/fc/>f, pretended to be Heretical, when he had no, legale t|)eC!)UVCl| of Great Britain. 77 legal power to arrefl: or imprifon fuch, the King thereupon iffued a Man- date to the Sheriff of Yorkzfl^ire, to arre(t and imprifon all Heretical perfons, till his further order therein, ^fim 1236. the Archbifhop of Canterhnry being fued by the Prior and Monks of Camrbmy, for certain Advoufons of Churches, Poffeffi- „ , . ons. Rents, and Services in the Ecdefiaftical Court, by authority of ^z'm^iu the Pope's Letters, defpifing the remedy of the King's Court, where dorji they ought to fue for them, thereupon the King iffued forth his prohibi- tion to the Archbiihop , prohibiting him, in his Faith and Allegeance to hirti, not to anfwer them in that Court, it being prejudicial to his Crown and Dignity, d"^. The King by feveral Writs of Prohibition countermanded the Pope's own Bulls and Delegates, as contrary to the Rights and Dignities of his Crown, and prohibited their proceedings^ which gave fome check to his- Ufurpations of this Kind. The King's Clerks and HouAold Chaplains inthofe dayes wearing pat. 21. Ks, long Hair and Peruwigs , thereupon the King to reform this»abufe, w. 3. dorft. ' iffued out a Writ to William de Perecat^ authorizing and fttiftly com- Long Hair rnandinghimto cut their Hair, and pull off their yellow Peruwigs, un- forbfdden m der pain of being (haven and polled himfelf. the clergy. The Monks and Converts of the Cistercian Order, contrary to their Vows and Rules, becoming common Merchants.buying, and felling again. Wools and Skins, to the prejudice of other Merchants, and fcandai of their Profeffion,theiiCing, for redrefs thereof, iffued out a Writ of Prohi- bition to all the Shcriffsof.E«£/^/?^, to feize the Goods and Moneys o£ thofe Monks and Converts, to his ufe, who fliould offend therein. There being a great difference between the Bifliop of Clochar in /re- land and the Archbidiop of Armagh, and their Tennants, concerning, injuries and grievances touching their Churches^ the Archbidiopof y^r- magh ^toQ\xnx\% the King's Letters to his Chief Jufticeby mifinformati- on, whilft he was excommunicated ; the King thereupon revoked his • former Letters, and commanded his Chief Juftice in Ireland, to hear and, determine the Controverfies between them. Upon the death of Richard Bifliop of Durham, the King upon the Pe- tition of the Prior and Convent, granted his Licenfe to eleft a new Bifliop. The Bifliop of Norxyich dying this year, the Monks elefted Simon, their Prior, for their Bifliop, whom the King difapproving , made a fpecial. Proftor againfl:him before the Archbiihop to hinder his confirmation,, and to appeal againft him to the See of Rome, if it were expedient, where he likewife conftituted his Proftor.. Then the Pope upon the King's requeft, under a pretext to redifie fome of thofe abufes ( againfl which there was an univerfal complaint ),- itnt Ottobone, his Legac, into £»^/4??i^, who foon proclaimed himfelf a ravening Wolf, as well as his Predeceffors, Thsni Then was a Council called by the Pope's Legac unto St. Pad's Church in London, where raoft of the Prelates, Abbots and Priors affembled to- gether. The Canons that were made and promulged in this Council who fo pleafe, may perufe at leifure in Matthew Paris, and in Jdi^nnes de j4to», hhConftitMtoneslegitima EccUfia, totiuf^ue Ecclefiit Anglica- nx, ab Legatis aUtere fummorum PontificHm colhElio, fol. i. 4^121. with bis Glofs upon them. The firlt Canon was for the Dedication and Confecration of Churches, many Cathedral as well as Parifh-churches be- ing then unconfecrated. Thefecond and third concerning Ecclcfiaftical Sacraments and Baptifm. Others concerning the covetoufnefs of Priefts, their hearing Confeffions, the qualities of fuch as were to be ordained j their farmers and Vicars, Prefentations to Churches; not dividing one Church into more; the Refidence of Bifliops and Priefts ^ Pluralities ; the Habit of Clerks, clandeftine marriage of Priefts, Priefts Concu- bines; their Sons fucceffion in their Benefices; their Judges, Procurati- ons, undue, unjufl: Citations; Exaftions by Procurations, Regiftersj abufesby Proftois and Ecdefiaftical Judges j and an Oath tobcprefcri- ? o^'l'^ "n^ ^^^ ^^ them, to prevent the like abufes for the future. In this Council Ecclefiaflical this Legat introduced the ufe of Oaths in Ecdefiaftical Courts and Cau- Couns in fts, never formerly ufed in England, by colour whereof other Oaths EniUnd. were introduced by the Popilh Prelates, againft the Laws and Cuftom§ of the Realm, till the King, by his Prohibition, reftrained thefe Ufurpa- tions. Then was a private Letter fent from Rome to the Pope's Legat in Eng- litnd, advifing him to moderation, to prevent a total rejedion of the Pope and See of Rome. In the 22th year of Henry the Third, the Greek Churches renounced all obedience to, and communion with, the Church of Rome which made the Pope and his Court fear the like Schifm and revolt in England, occa- fioned by the Legat's violent Extortions, and advancement of Strangers to Benefices ; whereupon be intended to recal him thence to prevent thefe ill confequences ; but the Legat loth to depart, prevailed with the King and others to follicit the Pope for his continuance in EngU-nd, upon pretence of publick good. This year there happening a difference between the King and Monks of Durham about their Biftop eleft, whom the King would not approve, he thereupon iffued his Letters Patents to the Archbilliop of Tork^, appoint- . inghis Proftors to appeal to the See ^f ^oweagainft this eleftion, only for delay to preferve his right. After the death of Uenry de Sandford, BiOiop of Rochejler, the Monks of Rocheft^er elided Richard Windeky, a learned Man, for their Bi/hop, who being prefented by the Monks to Edwond Archbifliop of Canterhxry for his confirmation, he refufed to admit him, Vnde Monachi Domini Papa frefentiam appellaritnt. Upon this Appeal the Pope gave Judgment for t!je CljUtC!) of Great Britain. 7^ for the Monks againfl: the Archbifliop, and condemned him in cofts of fuit, confirming their eledion in defpite of the Archbifliop, with whom the Pope was very angry for oppodng his intolerable exadions in Eng~ land, whereupon this Bi/hop Eled was confecrated at Canterbury in St. Gregorys Church by the Archbifliop, the Bi/hop of London and other Bifliops. Then the Monks of Coventry chofe Nicholas de Fernhant for their Bi- fliop, who refufed to accept thereof: whereupon at I aft they chofe 5*»3ffw de Patejhul, who accepred it. The Pope having excommunicated the Enoperour Frederick^', Otto, the Pope's Legatj was very diligent to fee the Pope's fcandalous Excommuni- cations and Bulls againft him publiflied throughout all England. In the twenty fourth year of the Reign of King Henry the Thirds the Monks of Cambridge having apprehended an Heretick (as he was called) the King thereupon iffued forth a Precept to the Sheriff of Cambridge, to bring this Heretick before him, at Weftminfler, to be examined , and difpofed of as he lliould dircft. Who he was, and what his Herefies were, Matthew Parti tells us, faying, He was a man of an honefi and fevere life ; and that he ofenly-^erted, that Pope Gregory was not the Head of the Church, hut there was another Head of the Chnrch ; that the Church was profaned^ the Devil was let loofe ; the Pope was an Heretick,: that Gregory, who was called Po^e^ had defiled the Church, and the world too. This and divers other things of like nature, he Jpake, before the Pope's Legat, in the hearing of many. Pope Gregory before his death, to carry on his Wars againfl: the En>- peror Frederick, , Anno 1540. intended by way of provilion to confer all the Benefices in je^^/^wal ( efpecially of the Clergy ) on the Sons of Romans, and otlier Forreigners, upon condition to affifl: him agaiuft the Emperour, fending his Bull to three Bifliops, to confer no lefs than three hundred of the next Benefices,that fell void within their Diocefs, on thefe Aliens. Annt 124,1. 0»o, the Pope's Legat, having long pillaged theRealfiK and Church of England, was fent for the third time by the Pope. And the King to oblige the Legat, as well to promote his Affairs at Rome, as in fw^/i^K^ , before his departure hence, Knighted and conferred an An- nual penfion on his Nephew, feafted the Legat publickly ztlVeflminJhr^ and placed him at the feaft in his own Royal Throne, to the great offence ©f his Nobles and Subjefts. Edmond Archbiftop of Canterbury deceafing, the King commended Boniface ( his Queen's Uncle , a Forreigner, and every way unfit for fnch a truft ) to the Monks of Canterbury, to fuececd him, whom they accordingly elefted. There being a great contcft between the King,and the Prior and Monks ©f Winchefia , about the ekftion of their Bifliop, they eleding firft ^ ~ " WiUiant ^limiv st William de Raky, Bifhop' of Norwich, whom the King and Pope oppo- sing, thereupon they Elefted i?us, Robertus /fc««- ~dM, apHdBugedomm, maneriHm fuum, in no^e fanBi 'IDionyCiij PafA dr Regis RedargHtor manifeflm , Pralaterum ■corrector , Monarchorum correHor, Presbyterorum direBor ; Clericornm inftrnBor, Scholarium fuf- tentator% Popielifradicator ; Incoi^tiftcntiam yerfecHtor^ Scripturariim fe- " dnlus perfcrutator diverfarum ; Romanorum malkw & coutemftvr ; "in menfa refeSlionii corporalis dapJtHs, copiofas & civilis, hilar is &• Affabilis : in menfn vera fpirituali devotui, lacrymofta & eontr-ittus : in officio Pon- tificali fedulm, venerabdis, & indefatignbili!. .^^ . He died :Anno 12 $3. Of which year Matihew Paris gives this Cha- ciflrenf/po/y- raderjjcraitfnttgttucsjums tile ^apae ^apalibus auguruiUs. The Pope chro>!. 'nb. 7. being much incenfed againft Grofihed, wrote a Letter to the King of Efjg- "• 3^- The Bi/hop ofSiyMm^-'s and his Clfefks. complaining to the KTng how much the priviledges of their Churches, Monafteries , Houfes ,. Goods, and Perfons , were violated in Wales, in an hoftile manner^ throughout his Diocefs, iffued out a Writ and Prohibition to his Of- ficers for their future proteftion and indemnity againft fuch injuries and oppre/Iionj, / ., . Boniface., Archbifliop of Canterbury^ being an Alien, and forced t-wich. The Bifhop having Excom- ciunicated all who contented to this wickediiefs, and the Judge Executed the nOTCnt -, the King condemned the Town in three thoufand Marks of Silver, to be paid by a day, toward the repairing of the Church fo burnt, and alfo to pay one hundred pounds in Silver, toward the repair ,cf a Cup arUing to twenty pounds in Gold. He returning thence t©-' wards Lmdon^ fell grievoujQy fick at the Abbey of St. Edmonds in 5«/- folk^> where after he had in a Religious manner acknowledged his fins, be rendered up the fame to his Redeemer, when he had reigned fifty fix years and twenty dayes. A Prince ( writes Spf^.^ ) whofe devotion v?M greater than his dif- cretion, as we fee, in permitting the dcpred^tiQn ; of himfelf, and bis uhole Kingd^oi, by Papal overfwayjngf.,;^;. -... "r M.v ■ -.T.r. , .:e ;ib:: After the Death and Funeral of "Kmg Hemy { who was Buried at IVefimnfier Church, Founded and almolt fini/hed by him ) Prince Ed- ward his Soa, being at that timeiivthe holy Land* where, he obdained many notable Viji',: Who therci pon fufaorned an Affafllnate to kill hiiii, ynder pretext :^deiiverjng aMcfljge to hira fromthcSoldan of Babylon, who ftabbed him into the Body with apoi' •fhonhrsiM- foned Knife, to the hazard ofhisLiiC; his Nobles hotwitbftanding his fi£hm, remote abfente, were fo Loyal as to Proclaimhim King, and Swear Fealty AMtib. mjiix. and Allegiance to him, a$ their Sovereign Lord.- They fent out:Wrirs whereby they Prodaiu'edtije King's p^ace : Theyfirft of them wsredi- Ecdkd to all the Sheriff oi Mn^l0fid, to ProxUlm-ia their-refpcdivc Counties, tijeCl)ttrrl)Of Great Britain. , #-^ Counjes: the other to the King's chief Jufticc of Ireland, to be there Proclaimed, who, with others, was auchorized likewife to receive the Feahy, as well of all the Archbi/hops, Bifhops, Abbots, Clergy, as Nobles and other Lay-fubjefts in Ireland, due unto him as their King and Sovereign Lord. In the thir .!^- . -nc^- ;■:":'■■. In the tenth year of King Edward the firll , Hope Martin hntz Bull to the King, to require his Favour to, and Prdledion of tlie Monks of the Order of C/««)', whofe piety he highly extolled. ' i,. i: The King now and then during the. vacancy of Bifhopricks, difpofed of fome of their Stocks to others. The Bilhoprick of Dz/r^.-jw becoming void by the death of Roheyt At JnfuUi, ^«f/3o?j)i 5ecit being elefted Bilhop by the Kings Licenfe, and Confirmed and Confecrated Bifhop thereof by Wickw^-ine Archbifhop of ?;2f.ii.E^.i. T^ork, in St.Pete-r's Church of Tork^, the King, Queen, and moftof the Nobles of EngUnd being prefent; the King iffued out Writs for the re- {litution of his Temporalties, and the ftock thereon, which he bought of the Ki^g. Rich.jrd Swinfied being elcfted and Confirmed Bifliop of Hereford, by the King's Licenfe and affent, heifTued a Writ to reftore his Tem- poraltie5. John Peckham , ArchbiHiop of Ccnterbu-ry, rcfolved ro vifit all his Provinccsmore accurately, and puniih offenders more feverely than in : former times, to prevent aU obftruftions by Appeals to i?owf. In this Vi- fitation ( faith Mr. P-rynne ) he domineered over his whole Province, andfubjugatedit to his arbitrary Power, which none of his Predecef- ridtSflm. fors had attempted, much lefseffefted, till then. Having vifited £«^/d others. The Arclibifliop of Canterbury, hiding interdi(fled fome of the Tenants belonging co the Abbey oi Fifcan in England, the Abbot thereupon Ap- pealed to Rome againft him, and likewifc to the Kingagainft this opprefli- on, defiring his favour, that no Procefs might iffue out of his Court againft them, and that he might conftitute Attorneys in this Cafe, fince he could not come into England without greatdaraage to his houfe. The King this year conftituted a fpecial Prodor for three years, by Patent , to defend the Rights and Liberties of his free Chappels and Crown, againft all Papal and Epifcopal invaders and oppofers of them. The King feizing the Advoufons of feveral Churches in Wales , as forfeited by their Patrons Rebellions againft him, gave them to the Bi- fliopof St. David's,. v/hh power to appropriate them to his Church of St. David's, and Lekadeken ( Lancaden ) and make, or annes- them to Prebendaries there. Hereupon the Bifliop of St. Davids, by his Char- ter, with confent and approbation of the King, and his Dean and Chap- ter, made and eredcd a new Collegiate Church of Canons in LanCaden inWales, conftituted feveral Canons and Prebendaries therein, annexing and appropriating the forecited Churches thereunto , the Patronages whereof were granted him by the King, who fet his Seal to the Biftop's Charter, and ratified it with his own Charter, to make it valid in Law; In the year 1285, ^ Parliament at Wefiminfler laid down the limits, and fixed the boundaries, betwixt the Spiritual and Temporal jurifdiftions. The King having totally fubdued the Wel/h , the Archbiflioprick of Tork^ becomming void , by the death of William Wickwane Arcli- bifliop thereof, the King applied the profits thereof during the va- cancy, towards the building of Caftles in Wales, to fecure ir. This year Stephen Bifliop of Waterford , was- made chief Juftice of Ireland. iJj.^.-^i- In the fifteenth year of this King, Henry de Brancejhn was eleded and confirmed Bifliop of S^rww*. The King granted and confirmed to the Bifliop of Bangor, and his Succeflbrs, all the Rights, Liberties, PofTeflTi- ons, and Cufl:omes, they had formerly ufed and enjoyed. In the fixteenth year of this King's Reign, Gilbert de San5io Leofar- do, was elected, and confirmed Bifliop of Chichejier , by the King's Royal affent. This year there was a great conteft between the Arclibifliop a? Canter^ hry, and the Abbot of St. Angnflims, about the carrying op his crofs. Firft, 94 Xl^e l^iftoiv of Firft, The Abbot oppofed the bearing up his own Crofs before him in the .Monaftery of St. Auguflmes , even within his own Metropolis and See of CmterhHry-> when fpecially fenc for thither to dine with the King. Secondly , Obferve the Archbifhop's pride and obftinacy, in refu- fmg to fubfcribe fuch a Letter, as the King direded, to reconcile this dif- ference, and preferve the Abbot's Privildges , or repair to the King, without his Crofs carried beforf him ; together with his malice againft the Abbot and Covent^ for not admitting him to carry up his Crofs within their Monaftery. Fit. 17. Ed.i. Bidiop Godwin obferves. That from the year 1284. the See of Salis- bu-i-y had five Bifliops within the fpace of five years, whereof WtlHam de Comer ( as he ftiles him ) was the fourth. But Mr. WilUaw de Corner was his name, as the King's Writ for reftoring of his Temporalties, to- gether with the Patent of the King's Royal aflent to his eledionj af- fure us. The King having Conquered Wales, confirmed all the antient Rights, liberties, Poffellions, and Cuftomes of the Church of Afaph, to the prefent Bifljop and his Succeffors, which they formerly ufed and en;oy- y cd, and that he might freely make his Teftament. Pope iV/VA;ete the fourth, being fetled in his Pontifical Chair, in the firft year of his Papacy, fcnt a Bull to King Edward the firft, to demand five years Arrears of the Annual penfion of one t-houfand Marks, granted by King fo'm. The King hereupon, the better to promote his confin Charles to the Realm of Sicily , ond expedite bis own affairs^ in the Court of Rome , concerning a difpenfation for his Son, to Marry the heir of the Crown of Scotland, and other bufinefs touching Gafcoign ind France (forwhich-he had then fent fpecial Ambaffadors to Rotkc^ with Letters both to the Pope and Cardinals ) ifi"ued a Writ for the pay- ment of thefe five years Arrears accordingly. Mr. Pryme hnh. That this was the loft payment made by King Edward the firft, ef this Annual fenjion. The Pope upon receipt hereof, granted a difpenfation to the King's Son, Prince Edward, to Marry with the heir of the Crown of Scotland, thereby to unite thefe two Crowns and Kingdomes, and prevent the long bloody Wars between them, though within the prohibited degrees of Confanguinity. King Edward, upon the receipt of this Difpenfation, fent Letters and Proxies to Ericus King of Norway, and likewife to the Guardians of the ReaJm of Scotland, to confumroacethis Marriage, upon diverfe Articles and agreements. King Edward likewife to perfeft the Marriage between his Son, Prince Edward, and Margaret Queen of Scots, with the general approbation " of the Keepers, Nobles, and Natives of that ReaJm, glinted and rati^ fied t\)t CljUtCiJ of Great Britain. 95 fied to the Nobles and People of Scotland diverfe Articles, agreed on by fpeciai Commiffioners fenc on both fides , and approved by him, by Letters, under his great Seal, which he took an Oath to obferve, un- der the penalty of forfeiring one hundred thoufand pounds to the Church of Rome, towards the holy Wars, and fubjefting hinjfelf to the Pope's p^f.g, ^.^^.j, Excommunicaf/on, and his Kingdom to an Interdift, in cafe of Violati- m. 8. ' on , or Non-performance , as the Patent attefteth , enrolled both in French and Lacine, The King, after this, appointed the Bifhop o( Durham, to be this Queen Margarei%, and his Son Prince Edvuard'^, Lieutennant in Scotland, for the prefervation of the Peace and Government thereof. At which time he and his Son iikewife conftituted ProAors to Treat with the King, of Norway in his, and his Son Edward's, Name, concerning his Sons Marriage, and Efpoufals, with his Daughter Margaret Queen oi Scot- land. To facilitate this Marriage, the Biftiop of I?«>-/7^)ii;, at the King's requeft, obliged himfelf to pay four hundred pounds by the year, to certain perfons in Norway • to difcharge which annuity, the King gran- ted him feveral Manors amounting to a greater value. But the ficknefs and death of this Queen, in her voyage toward Swf- land and England, fruftrated this, much defired. Marriage between Prince Edward inA. her, and raifed new queftiotis between the Competitors for the Crown. Thomoi Walfingham faith,, "that about this time ( the Po^e requiring it ) the Churches of ^n^ind were taxed according to their true value, to raife bis Difmcj and exailions higlaeie^—^-''**'^-' • ■• ' " In the fame year 1290. the King, out of his zeal toChriftian Religion, xhe Tews banilhed all the Jews out of England, by a publick Aft in Parliament, banifhed out' and Confifcated all their Houfes and Lands, for their Infidelity, Blafphe- o[ FjigUndhy my. Crucifying of Children, in contempt of Chrill Crucified , and Aftofparlia- clipping of his Coyn. In Augufi they were commanded to depart the "^^"'^' Land, with their Wives and Children, between that time and the Feaft of all Saints, with their moveable Goods. Their number was faid to be fixteen thoufand five hundred and elevenj they were banifhed, never to return again into England. There hapning msny contefts between the Bifliop of Lincoln, and the Matters and Scholars of the Univcrfity of Oxford, concerning the Pcefentation and Confirmation of their Chancellor, whether he ought to come out of the Univerfity in Perfon to the Bifiiop , or to be admitted by his Proxies : the King by his Prerogative to advance Learn- ing, and fettle Peace between them, made a friendly accord for the future. Pope iV/cfeo/^ preferring his own lucre, and favour of King £-^ and his Chaplains, before Gods Service, or Peoples Souls, againft fun- dry Canons , Licenfcd twenty of the King's Clerks imployed in his fervice. q6 %i)t mimvQt fei-vice, which he fhould nominate to be Non-refidentsfrotn their Ecclc- Caftical Benefices for ten years fpace. This year the King confirmed the grant of fevcral Tithes, Churches, and Advoufons, formerly made by Robert de Candes to the Monaftery of Bekj^^ Goidclive. Ihen Feter de Divien, Abbot of ^ew/ey, an Alien, hoiaia France, and moft Abbots and Priors that were Aliens, took an Oath, and gave fufficient Pledges for^their Fidelity and true Allegcance to the Kingm that Age (efpecially intimeof War_) and not to fend the Goods of their Monafteries out of the Realm, which they frequently did to the King- doms prejudice. The King iffuinga Dediitimfotesiatem to the Abbot of Jh^zmeto take this Oath of Peter de Divion, the Abbot endorfed this re- turn thereon. EgoFrater ']oljii>7}ies, jihha.sde~Thame, vlrtme ifiius Mandnti, recepi Sacrament urn Dom. Petri de Divione, Ahbatis de Regali loco JHxta Oxon. apiid Oxon. Domr/Jicn in fefio A^ofiolorurri Simonis ^ Judti : dr etiam rccepi ^imiCSgtOltB ipjins Domni Perri Abbatii de Regali loco, viz. Jo- h.mnnn de Doclynton Ma^orem Vtlla Oxon. Johamem de Crokesfurd fnuio- rerKi Ricardum Cary, lohannem de Fallee, (^ Johannem le Peyntour, Bur- genjls di£}a VHIa Oxon. Qm conjunSiim &divijirn mafjucepermi di[ium Dom. Tetrum AhbAtemde Regali loco, quod idem Abbas bene gfr fideliter erga domitinm R egem fe-habebit j & omnia alia in Brevi iSto contenta perfi- cict & obfervahit. The ifing granted two hundred pounds to the Pope's Chaplain in Scot- Und for his expences, pains, ami labour therein taken in rhcfcrvice of Queen Margaret deceafed. •',.-- The fame year William de Luda was eleded and confirmed Bifliop of F.ly. This year the King gave feveral fums of Money to buy Books and Ornaments for Religious Houfes, that were burnt in G afcoign ifi(i Eng- land. The King cenverted the Profits of the Archbifhoprick of Tork ( then void ) to the repairing and building the Caftle of Carnarvan in Wales, after his Conquert thereof. Parl^irdi An- Matthew Parker , Kxchhiiho^ oi Canterbury', ftorietfa , that fohn tiqu. Ecclif. Peckham, Archbiibop of Canterbury, this year, after the vifitation and Anglic. f.2o$. fubjugation of his whole Province, fummoned a Council of his Clergy nno i*po. ^^ Ceding, wherein he propounded the drawing of all caufes concerning Advoufons, meerly belonging to the Kings Temporal, to their Ecclefi- aftical Courts, and to cut off all Prohibitions to them from the King's Courts in perfonal Caufes. Which the King hearing of, exprefly com- manded them by fpecial MelTengers, to defill from it, whereupon this Council was difTolved. In ihe nineteenth year of iiing Edward theFirft, Queen Eleanor de- ceafing in Dfcfw^fr, the King thereupon out of his devotion ("according to t!jeCI}UTC!) Cf Great Britain. 97 to the praftice of that blind Age ) on January the fourth, iffutd a Writ to all the Religious Houfes and Monks of Clmy in Engla^id, to fing Maf- fes and Prayers for her Souf, to purge it from all the remaining fpocs of fin, and tocertifie him the number of the Maffesthey would fay for her, that propo-rtionablyfte might thank them. Williar/t Thorn faith, that the Prior of ChriB--ch/trch in Ca?iterbiiry granted to the King, in the Feaftof the Tranflation of St, Edward, fifcy Hymns, and two thoufand three hundred and fifty Maffes for the Souh of his Progenitors, and QjUeens of England, as a great extraordinary Li- berality and Spiritual Alms. The Abbot of Condam alfo £ent-a Letter to the King, to inform him, what Prayers, Maffes, and Anniverfaries, He, and his Mona^lery, had ordered for the Queens fpeedy tranflation to Hea- venly Joyes. - Anno 1292. died fohn Pcckham , Archbifliop oi Canterbury , and Pope iV/c/»o/»fef alfo died, who fate four years, one month, and eighteea dayes, after whofe death, one delivered this Vcrfe for an Epitaph. Gloria, lam, fpeculiim fratrnin Nicolae MinorurBi. \ Te vivente vigent , te moriente-cadmt. The Frier Minors pride , infolency , and avarice was great while they lived, who were both of their Order. Archbifliop Pcchjiam's denh this year., put a period to the Contefts between him, and the Abbot of St. Augufiines. King E^wctrdin the twentieth year of his Reign, out of his blind de- votion, and Jove to his late deceafed Confort, Queen Eleanor, inflitu- teda folemn Anniverfary to be kept-for her every year, iffuingfumsof Money, and granting fevera! Manors, and Lands to the Abbot and Co- vent of Wefiminfler for that end, wherein he prefcribed how many Ta- ^'^"f- ^^* pers, and of what weight, they fliould find ; how many and what Maf- ^ '* fes , Dirges, Pater-noflers , Ave-M«ries they (hould ling ; and what Alms they fhould diilribute to the poor for her Soul ; obliging th; Ab- bot, Prior, and Monks by a folemn Oath duly to perform the fame, un- der pain of forfeiting all their Goods, Cliattels, and the Lands thus given to them for this end. Anthony, Bilhop of Durham, erefting the Parilh-Churches of Chefler, and Langcchefler, which were very rich and large, intoaDeanary and feven Prebendaries, for the advancing of God's Service, and the good of the peoples Souls, and obliging the Dean and Prebends by Oath, to perfonal Relidence thereon, and difcharge of their duties and God's Ser- vice therein,according as he had prefcribed by his Ordinances and Char- ters. The King to promote God's Service, and the good of hi^ Peoples Souls, ratified the Bilhop's Ordinances by two Charters which recite -them, warranting the divilion of great and rich Parilhes and Billiopricks . ; O into 9$ %i)t ^i^oiv of into many; and obliging the Dean, Prebends, Minifters, Chaplains thereof, by Oath, to perfonal Refidence, and difcharge of their Duties ' and Divine offices therein. fobi Lytbgraines, sini Alice his Wife, erefting a Chappel and Chaun- try to the Virgin Mary in their Manor of Lafingby, confifting of one Matter and fix Chaplains, to fing Mafs for their Souls, and the Souls of their Anceftors, and of King £,JtV4r^ and his Heirs, of the prefent Bi- fliop of Dftrh-im and his Sacceffors, and of all faithful Souls deceafed,pre-: fcribing an Oath to them of perpetual Refidence, and difcharge of the pirticular Divine Services, and trufts repofed in them, procured the clun. 20 Ed. |^jj,g jQ ratifie this, his Charter, by his Royal Charter enrolled in the '•'-'• 5- ITower. King Edwiird the Firft, in the twenty one year of his Reign, as Supe*. riour Lord of Scotland in that Age, exercifed a Soveraign Authority, in and over the King, Clergy, and Kingdom of Sc«/^«d, in Caufes and Inheritances which concerned the Church, Clergy, or Religious Per- fons, as well as in Secular mens cafes, notwithftandmg any Pretences, or Appeals to Ro'tje, where Juftice was delayed, or refufed to them by the King of Scots, whereof there are fundry Prefidents in the Patent, and Plea-Rolls of 5cor/^w^ in this and fucceeding years. JRobert Winchelfey, Archbifliop of Canterhnry, was no fooner confe- ViM-Goim. crated at Rome, but he procured a Bull from Pope CeleFilne the Fifth, by Caiid.^.^2']. his Papal provifion to confer the Bilhoprick of Lmdajf f which had been void for nine years fpace, and thereby devolved to the Pope by lapfe, as he pretended^ on any Perlon he ihould think meet for that employment. Whereupon, without the King's previous Authority, he conferred it, by way of provifion, upon "^^n de Monmouth. Yet the King was not forwarjd to reilore the Temporaliies of the A rchbiflioprick oi Canterbury to this Archbilhop, or of Landajf to fohnde Monmouth, thus intruded into it againft his Prerogative, but detained them near two years after in his hands as vacant, receiving the profits, and prefenting to the Benefices belonging to them. Upon the death of Robert Burnel, Bifliop of Bath and Wells , the King's Chancellor, William de Mxrchia ( then Treafurer of England') waseleded to fucceed him in that Bifhoprick. This year 'johnde Z43g-fo«fuccecded Robert Burnel in the Chancellors O&cc of England. ., The King in the twenty two year of his Reign, notwirhftanding a mtth.^m^m. Subfj^y granted to him, .wanting Moneys, fearched alJ the Monafteries and Churches throughout England, where any Moneys ^ere depofitcd by Religious perfons or others, and forcibly carried it away to fupply his occafions, by theadviceof his "Treafurer VF>7/«?» de Marchia, Bi- ihopof £*jffcand fff///. The tl)e CljUrClJOf Great Britain. 99 The fame year the Khig granted ProceAions to clivers Abbots and Clergy-men, who aided him with their Contributions againiitiie French, He alfo defired the afliftance of their devout Prayers unto God for a bleffing upon him and his Military Forces, in defence of his Inheritance agatinft their armed Powers, as appears by his Writs, under his Privy Sea], iffued to hisBifliops, and other Religious perfons. Joh/jDukeoi Brabant (the King's dear Friend and Kinfman j dying this year, the King iffued Writs to all his Bilhops, and fundry Abbots and Priors, to make Prayers, and chaunt Maffes for him, according to the fupcrftition of that Age. Then the Roman See (through the Cardinals divifions ) continuing void about three years and three months after the deceafe of Pope Ni~ eholas the Fourth, the Cardinals at laft eleded Peter de Murom, an Her- mite, and Monk of the Order of St. Benedi^, whom they named Cf/e- jtine the Fifth. He, during his fliort continuance in the Papacy, grant- ed our King Edward the Firft a Difme for fcven years from all the Clergy .of England, out of zeal to the relief of the Holy Land. But his Wars with the French, Welch-men mA Scots , watted all thefe Difines. Pope Celefiine iaihzmomhoi September creued twelve Cardinals,among, whom were two Hermits. But the Cardinals being weary of this^c- cife, reforming Pope, perfwadcd him to refign his Papacy, j^s^etng un- fit to manage it without the Churches ruine, and his own deflruftion. So after he had fate five months and feven dayes, he rcfigned the Papacy. Then BenedlB: Cajetan, his grand Counfellor, was chofen Pope, and called by the name of Boniface, How unfutable, yea contradiftory, his adions were to both his good names, he immediately difcovered, which occafioned this Diftich to be made of, and applied to him. Audi, tace, lege, bene die, bene fac BenediBe, Ant hxc ferverte, male die, wale fac, Alaledi^e^ F Celefiine returned to his Cell, from whence Boniface drew him forth,' and caft him into a clofe Prifon, where he abode till his death ; whence it is r*J)orted, that Cc/e/??«e propheciedof him, jr? ' Afcendifii m Vnlpes, Regnabis ut Leo, Morierk ut Cants, Thou haft afcended into the Papacy like a Fox, thou flialc reign like a Lion, and die like a Dog : and fo it came to pafs. This Pope Boniface by his Bull having appropriated the Church of Wermingtonxo the Abby of Peterbitrgb, whereof they had the Patronage, the King authorized them accordingly to appropriate it to them and their Succeffors, againft him and his Heiri, notwith|landing the Statute of, Jldortmaifi, O z This loo %i)t^moivof This Pope fenc two Cardinal Legats a latere , firft to the- King of ^ France, and from him to the King of England, then engaged in Wars' againfl: each other, under a fpecious pretext of mediating a Truce be- tween England and France : bat iiiftead thereof thefe Cardinals did twice> prey, upon the £»^///?j and /rz/Jj Churches and Clergy, and tranfported their Treafure into fr/?w?, to enrich themfelves and the. King's. Enemies there, Then King Edward fent Writs to his- Archbifliops, Bifliops, Abbots and others, to make Prayers, fingMaffes, and do other Worijs of Pie- ty for the Soul of his Brother Edmoiid^^.ni. after that. of Margaret Queen ofFrancej according to the fuperftifion of that Age. rJm.H'ai/^ngh. In the twenty fourth year of King Edward's Reign, there arofe a great- 'A!^l,Ati^h- Sedition and Combat between the Scholars and Townfmen in the Univer-- ■^•1%-; f;ty of Oxford, wherein many were ilain on both fideS;, and the Goods of the Scholars plundered and carried away : upon complaint whereof to the King by the Scholars, he fent his Juftices thither to punUluhe Male^ hikors, and repair the Scholars damages. - King 'Edward ftrenuouflv oppofed Pope Boniface's Anti-monarchical iQonflitution, againft demanding or impofing Subfidies on the Clergy. 2vo- ^fr?^£»c;^f//^^jArchbifhop of Canterbury, was ftout in the profecution of the Popes"S»:!l which he had procured for it : for which all his Tempo- poralties were ferzfd ; and he being forced to hide his heai.Damds\\\Wales, the King upon notice given accepted:, ihereof. The Bifhoprick of JJ/y becoming void by ^^AAt^'Ca^i William- Luda, the minor part of the Chapter elefted 'jo'on their Prior, but the better Johnde Langten, the King's Chancellor. The King confirmed theele- dion of his Chancellor. J., \. TheKing.by his Prerogative,having granted a Licenfe to the Bi/hop of 'Coventry znd Litchfield, to hold (the Holpital oi St. Leonards in Terk. in- Cowwf;?;^^ with his Biihoprick during his life, out of his free Giir, and fpecial Grace, confirmed it by his Patents, foas thisDifpenfationAould- noi grove prejudicial to him or his Heirs. ' '" ~ ' Th.e tije CijtttCl) of Great Britain. ioi '^he Monks of Battel- Abbey, by ancient Charters, having the oiflody of the Abby and Lands, during the vacancy upon their Abbot's deathy the King ifTued a Writ to rcftore them to their cuftody. Mr. Pry me obfervetb, and relatcth diverfe things of this year. I. That thi Comefts between the Archbijhop, jibbots- and Monks ofpryvie's Hift. Canterbury, about Exemptions, Priviledges, and f.urifdi^iisns , was a of fwes qreatcaufc of advancing the Pope's ufnrped fHrifdiftion over them both, and Uiurpations, gt/er the Rights, Prerogative of the Crown and Cb({rch of Enghnd. Tom. i. 2. The Pope's Infolency in exempting the Abbots, and Monks of Canter- bury, and all their Lands, Hospitals, Churches, Impropriations, Pricfisi Tenants, fro/n all Archiepifcspal, and other Ecclejiaftical furifdiilion, and fHbje^ing them folely to the See of Rome ; a^ Ukewife in fubjeLhing the- Ar chbifljop of C3.ntethaty , the Bifltops of London and RocheHer, to the commands and cenfures of the Abbots of Weftminfter , Waltham, and . 5r. Edffiond. 3 . The pride of the Abbots in ereSiing Deanaries, Officials, Ecckfiafii' calConfiBories, and inprefcribing Oaths of Canonical obedience jtpon the Friefis and Curats of their Churches belonging to their Afonajkry . 4. The f range injufiice and contradiElion of Popes Bulls, nulling, re- tealihg each other by '^■^noh^k.int.es, with all former Privikdges granted by thtmfelves, and Centrals made or ratified by others through bribery and corruption, C £;.N_T^ IN the beginning of this Century King Edwardihe Firft waged cruel* Wars againft the Scots. Then Pope Boniface the Eighth fent his Let- j,^^^ ^^5 g,^^ tersto theKing, to quit his claim to 5cof/.tW, toce^fehis Wars^, and re- Monuni.//'tf.ii leafe his Prifoners of the Scotchl\Mon, ^s a people exempt, and proper- p. 444, 445." ly belonging to his own Chappel. He grounded his Title thereunto, becaufe (ic,wasfaidj Scotland was firft converted, by the Relicksof S.P^f^r, to the unity of the Chrifliam Faith. Hereupon King £j^iv,jrd called a Council of his Lords at Lincoln, where he re;urned a large An- fwer to the Pope's Letter, endeavouring by evident Reafons, and ancient Precedents to prove his propriety in the Kingdom of Scotland. This was fecondedby another from the Enghlli Peerage, fubfcribed with all their hands •, declaring that the King ought by no means to anfwer in judgment in any cafe, or fliouid bring his Rights into doubt, and ought not to fend any Proftors or Mertengers to the Pope, Cy-c The Pope forefeeing the Verdid would go againft him, wifely non-fuited hini- fclf. ^ , Then Pope Boniface fent forth a Declaration in favour of the Archbi- ^f'"' ^'*"' Jiop, and proceeded fo violently againft the Abbots, Monks, and their ,^p'!f JJ' ' . Adherent;s, 2002. 102 . Xljt-^lHOtV Qf Adherents, by Excommonicatroni, ' Interdifts, crc. that he enforced them tofubnaifj and fue unto him for Abfolutionj and a friendly agree- rr.cr.c between them. After the death oi Henry de Newark^, Thorns Corbridgehtmg eleSed Archbi/hop QiTorl^, repaired to^owefor his Confirmation, where he was forced to refign his right of Election in.o the Pope's hands, and to receive the Archbiihoprickfromhimby way of provilionj who thereup- on not only confirmed, but confecrated him Archbifnop at Rome, and, gave him his Pall ; and the King reftored his Temporalties upon receipt of the Pope's Bull. Thomas Stubs tells us of an high Conteft that happened foon after be- twixt the King and hirn, about the Chappelof St. Sepulchres in York , for which the King feized his Temporalties, and detained fonie of chem till his death, for obeying the Pope's Provilion and Commands before the King's Writ, inrefuling to admit his Clerk to this Chappel, and to re- move the Pope's Clerk, whom he had placed therein by his Papa! Pro- vifion. This Archbifliop's Liberties in Beverley were feized into the King's hands, ^OT.o 29. of his Reign^ for a contempt committed by him ic the King's prefence. The King's Daughter Afcry, being a Nun, profeffed at Ari^bresbury, the King granted her forty Oaks each year, twenty tun of Wines, and feveral Manors of above the value of two hundred pounds a year, for her maintenance. In the thirtieth year of the Reign oiYAngEdv^ard, the French King Thilip, with all tlie Peers, Earls, Barons. Archbilhops, Bilhops, Ab- bots, Priors, Clergy, Univerfity of Paris , and the Cities -and Com- monalty of France, did Appeal, and Article againft Pope Boniface the Eighth his Perfon, Crimes, Interdifts, Escommur.ications, to the next Fc.T Afts andQei^erai Council, in the ruffe of his Papal pride, as a moft deteftable ^,"|'"^^'f'^";^ Heretick, Simoniack, -Adulterer, Sorcerer, and Monfter of Impiety •. 451'. ' '^n:e, u ho confederating with Eohert Bras, Eurl of Carrick., and others of the Scot tifli 'Nobility, refolved to make and Crown Mcbere Kit\g of Scotland : who bci;g oppofed therein by Jolm Gomyn his Cou- fm-German, a man of great power in Sci)tland, he fetupon and mur- dered thefaid ']chn Comyn'm the Church of Dunfrees, and was foon after cro-wrned/ATingby the premifedBiibops and Abbot. j Pope Clement the Sixth, being informed of this murder of '^ohn Comyn by A'ing Robert, oi dered the Archbilfiop of Tcr^, and Bi/hop of Car- lijle to excommunicate him, and his Complices, with found of Bells and Candles in all places of England, Scotland, IreUnd, Wales, and elfe- ■where (though without their Diocefs) and to Interdift all their Lands •and Caflles, till they lliould fubmit themfelves. This Bull was executed ^accordingly. jting£^ir.?>-^fenta great and fbrong Ai my into 5f of/i«»^ againft Ro- bert Briir. ^ And ^ymcry de Vde/c, Eail of Tembrook^, put to flight A'ing Robert, took his Wife, his Brother Nigellw, and others: but iiimfdf e(caped into the utmoft Ifles of Scotland. The Earl of yltkolwus put to death at Lordon, and Nigdlm uBarwiik: The Bifliops of St. An- Jreviis, and Clafgo, and the. Abbot of fw'f, were put in Iron .chains, and tl)eCl)ttt:t:l) of Great Britain. io$ __^____^__^ — . -^ — — ■ — » and kept clofc prifoncrs in Porchefter'Cafile, King Robert was brought to Ajch raifery, that he was fomctime naked, and hangry, without meat or drink, fave only water and roots of Herbs, and his life alwayes in danger. iZote^f ^?-«fcaroe forth at length out of the Sco«i/i^ Iflands, with fuch forces as he had gotten together, taking the Caftles of C^mV^,. Jmer' pefs, and many other. To put an end to all which trouble. King Edward appointed a great p^^j^/'j Hoft to attend him at Carlijlci three weeks after Midfummer-day. There chron. in he held his laft Parliament, wherein the State got many Ordinances to .£iw. i pafs, for reformation of the abufes of the Popes Minifters, and his own former exadions, wringing from the eleft Archbifliop of Tork,, in one year, nine thoufand five hundred Marks. And Anthony, Biftop of Durham, to be made Patriarch of ferufakm, gave the Pope and his Car- dinals mighty fums. The Pope required the Fruits of one years reve- nue, of every Benefice that ftiould fall void in England, Wales, and Ire- land, and the like of Abbies, Priories, and Monafteries. King Edward in fnly enteis Scot land with a frelh Army, and dyes at Burgh upon Sands, having reigned thirty four years, fcvenmonths^ aged fixty eight. This King had founded the Abbey of Vdroyal, in Chefhire, for the Ciftercians, and by Will bequeathed thirty two thoufand pounds to the Holy Land. He was obedient, not ferviie to the See of Rome. £ fent two Legats from Rome, under pretence to make agreement between the King of England and the Scots. They, for their charges, required of ^very Spiritual perfon four pence in every Mark, but all in vain : for the Legats, as they were in the North parts, about Derlington, with their whole Family and Traia^, were robbed and fpoiled of their Horfes, Trea- fiire. Apparel, and whatfoeverelfc they had, and fo retired back again > to Dnrham : thence they returned to London, where they firft excom- municated all thofe Robbers, Then for fupply of thofe ioffes they re-' ceived , t\)t CljUVCl) of Great Britain. 107 •ceivcd, they exafted of the Clergy, to be given unto them eight pence in every Mark. But the Clergy would only give them four pence in every Mark : So they departed to the Pope's Court again. This King Edward tefufed to pay the Peur-fence. In the time of this King the CoUedge in Cambridge, called Michael- houfe, was founded by Sir Henry StauntonKxti^t. King Edward the Second builded two Houfes in Oxford for good Let- ters, OwWColledge, and St. yWijry //<*//. England may dare all Chriftendom befides, to (hew fo many eminent School-Divines, bred within the compafs of fo few years. And a for- retgn Writtr faith, Scholaftica Theologia, ah Anglis, & in Anglia fumpr Jtt exordium, fecit incrememum, fervenit ad prfeB:ionem. Of thefe School-men Alexander Hales leads the way, Mafter to The- masAqmriM, iad Bomventure. He was in the time of i/(?»ry the Third. At the command of Pope Imecent the Fourth, he wrote the Body of all School' Divinity in four Volumes. £.eger Bacon fucceeded him, who lived in the time of King Edward the Firft ; he was excellently skilled in the Mathematicks. The next was Richard Middleton, entitled BoBcr Fmdatiffmftf. Then flourifiied John Duns Scotus, ia the time of Edward the Second : iie was Fellow of Menon-colledge in Oxford. He was called Duns by ab- breviatioD for Dunenfis, that is, born at Dom, an Epifcopal See in Ire- land. in this King's Reign Walter Stapleton, Biflaop of Exeter, founded and endowed Exeter-colledge in OxfoyJ It is charged on this King Edward the Second, that he fuffered the iPopejto encroachon the Dignity of the Grown. His Father had reco- vered fome of his Priviledgcs from the Papal ufuipation ; which, fine*, his Son had lodback again. About that time an Englifh Hermite preached at Paul's in London, "That fome Sacraments that were then in ufe in the Church, were Mt of Chri0s Inflitution •, therefore he was committed to prifon. ^ King Edward went into Scotland with another great Army .• King jCpfeeyt thought fo great an Army could not long continue, therefore he retired into the High-lands. King Edward wandred from place to placc^ till many died for hunger, and the reft returning home half ftarved. fdmes Douglas followed the Englifli, and flew many of them • and King Bdifax'd himfelf hardly efcaped. Then a Peace was concluded ax Northampton, Anno 1 3 27. That the Scots Jhould abide in the fame efiatc, (ts in the day e 5 of King Alexander the Third j the Englifij Jhould render all fubfcripions and tokens of bondage, and have no Land in Scotland, unlefs they fhall dwell in it. P a Ir loS 3i:i)c ^iSojp of In England the two Sfencm luUd all things, till the Queen and her Son ( who politickly had got leave to go beyond the Seas ) returned into England, with a Navy and Army, landing in Sujfilk,: She denounced open war againft her Husband, unlefs he would prefently conform to her defires. The young Spencer was taken with the King at the Abfay of Neath, and is hanged on a t3 allows fifty foot high." Many Perfons of Qaality were fent down to the Parliament, then fitting, to King Ed- vrard, to KcKclworth-cafile, to move him to refign the Crown, whick at laft he fadly furrendered : and Prince Edward, his Son, is crowned King. , The late King is removed from Kemlwmh unto Barkky-cafile, where he was barbarouily butchered, being ftruck into the Poftcrn of his Body with an hot Spit, as it is commonly reported. •!~-- Among the Clergy ,^ befides Walter Stafleton , Bilhop of E;^^^^^ whofe head the Londoners caufed to be fmitten off at the Standan in Cheap/ide ; only fohn Stratford, Bifhop of Winchefter, heartily adhered to him. Robert de Baldockj, though no Biihop, yet as a Prieft, and Chancellor of England, may be ranked with thefe, who attended the King, and was taken with him in Wales^ Hence he was brought up to London, dinAcommmzA 10 Adam Tarlton, Bi(hop of Hereford. < Many of theBilhops ungratefully fided with the Queen againft her Husband, and their Sovereign, Walter Reynolds, Archbifliop of C Thomas "LotAWak^ , Henry Lord Piercy, Oliver Lord Ingham, and fohn Lord Rofs : but the Queen, and Roger Lord Mortimer, uCmped'ihis charge,. Adam Tarlton was accufed of Treafon in the beginning of the Reign of this King, and arraigned by, the King's Officers, when in the pre- fence of the King he thus boldly uttered himfelf. My Lard the King, with att due reJp'eH: unto your Majefly, I Adam, . an humble Afinifter, and Member of the Church of God, and aeon- feerated Bifiopf though unworthy -, neither can, nor ought to anfwer, unto fo hard ^uefiions, without the connivance and confent of my Lord Archbijhop of Canterbury, my immediate "judge under the Pope,. and without the confent ef other Bijhops who are my Peers. Three Archbi/hops were there prefent in the place, Canterbury, Tork^,. and Dublin, by whofe Interceffion Tarlton efcaped at that time. Not long after he was arraigned again at the King's Bench : whereupon the forefaid Archbifliops fet up their Croffes, and with ten BiJhops more, . " ^ " "" . attended; no ICl^e ^iimv ^t attended with a nutneroQs Train of well-weaponcd Servants, advanced to the place of Judicature. Tbe King's OfBcers frighted at the fight, fled away, leaving Bifliop Tarlton the prifoner alone at the Bar : whom the Archbi/bops took home into their own cuftody, denoun- cing a Curfe upon all fuch who fljould prefume to lay violent hands upon him. • The King offended hereat, caufed a jury of Lay-men to be impannel- led, and to enquire according to form of Law, into the Aftions of the Bifhop of Hereford. This was the firft time that ever Lay-men paffed their verdift upon a Clergy-man. Thefe Jurors found the Bifhop guilty, whereupon the King feized his Temporalties , profcribed the the Bifliop, and defpoiled him of all his moveables. But afterwards he was reconciled to the King, and by the Pope, made Biftiop of Winchefier^ where he died. The former part of this King's Reign affordeth but little Church-hifto- ry, as wholly taken up with his Atchievements in France and ScotUnd, where his fuccefs by Sea and Land was to admiration. He had both the Kings be fought againft, ^1:1.. John de Valois of trance., and Z):- fence-, not Exferievce was required thereunto, and Ceremony the fub- ftance of the Service : othcrwife when any difficulty in Civil Law, then Clergy-men were ever entertained. The Lord Chancellor was ever a Bifliop, yea, that Court generally appeared as a Synod of Divines, where the Clerks were Clerks as generally in Orders. The fame was alfo true of the Lord Treafurer , and Barons of the Exche- quer. Robert EglesfieU, Chaplain to Queen PhiUpfa, Wife to King Edward the third, founded a Colledge on bis own ground in Oxford, by the name of Queens Colledge^ and diverfe Queens have been nurfing Mo- thers to this Foundation, as Queen Philtppa, Wife to King Edward the third-. Queen Elizabeth, Wife to King Edward the fourth; Queen Mary, Wife to King Charles ; and our Virgin Queen Eliz.abeth. In the mean time the Pope bcftirred him in England, while the King wasbufied about his Wars in Franc? : fo that before Livings were aftual- ly void, he pre-provided Incumbents for them. But at laft the King looking into it, this Statute of Fravifion was made, whereby fuch fore- ftalling of Livings to Forreigners was forbidden. Another caufe of the King's difpleafure with the Pope, was, that when the Pope created twelve Cardinals at the requefl of the King of France , he denied to make one at the defire of the King of Eng- land. The Papal party (notwithftanding this Law ofProvifion) flrugled ford time, till the King's Power overfwayed them. Indeed this grievance continuedjallffcw, and moft of the we.v? King's Reign, till the Statute of frxmmire was made : and afterward the Land was cleared from the en- cumbrance of fuch provifions. Three yearsafter the Statute, againft the Pope's Provifions, was made, . the King prefented unto the Pope Thomas Hatltf, to be Bifliop of Dur- ham, one who was the King's Secrerary, but one void of all other Ep^f- copal qualifications. However the Pope confirmed him, and being de- manded why he confeated to the preferment of lo worthlefs a per- fon, he anfwered, th^t rebm fie ftamibw, if the King of England had prefented an Afs unto him, he would have confirmed him in the Bi- Jhoprick. In this King's Reign were diverfe Learned Men in England, fshn Ba^ csmhorp, a Man of a very low ftaiure, of whom one faith. Tngenlo 112 XDe ttfto? y of B^liiii ill ejus IiJgemo magnus, Corpore j>arvui erat. vita. His wit was Tall, in Body frnall. Coming to ^owe, lie was hiffed at in apublick Difputation, for the badnefs, torfooth, of his Latin and-pronunciation: but indeed, becaufe he oppofed the Pope's power in difpenfing with Marriages contrary to the Law of God. He wrote on the Sentences, where he foUoweth the truth in many things ;_cfpecial]y he refuceth the fubtilties of fohn Scom^ as Baptifi'MafJtuati huh marked. Ijie tenebhofi damnat ■vefiigia Scott, ttperfacraTiovisitdocumeHtaviis. Hmeloabeam qnihus eFifapientia grata, redundat Jjiita infacris fontibm omne fophos, JrjK Bill. ^^ wrote De dsminio Chrifii, where he proveth, that the higheft can.i^.stn.%2. Bifliop in every Kingdom ihould be in fubjeftion to Princes. Richard Primate of Inland ( alias Armachanus ) was his Difciple, and taught the fame Doftrine : he Tranflated the Bible into Iri/h. He difcovered the hypocrifie of Friers, in that though they profefled pover- ty, yet they had ftately Houfes like the Palaces of Princes, and more coft- ly Churches than any Cathedral j richer Ornaments than all the Prin- ces, &c. Wiliaw Ockham an Englifh Man fided with Lewis of Bavaria againft the Pope, maintaining the Temporal Power above the Spiritual. He was forced to fly to the. Emperor for his fafety. He was a Difciple of John Scottu, but became Adverfary of his Doflrine. He was the Author of the Sed: of Nominates. He was a follower of Pope Nicho- las the fourth, and therefore was Excommunicated by Pope John. This Gckham was Luther's chief School-man, who had his Works at his fing- er's end. Robert Holcot was not the meanefl: amolig them, who died of the Plague at Northampton, juft as he was reading his Leftures on the feventh of Ecclefiafiicus. About that time a Book was written in Englifli, called. The complaint aadprayer of aPlough-Tfian. The Author of it is faid to have been ^o^frr Langland, a Prieft. After a general complaint of the Iniquity of the time, the Author wrote zealoufly againft Auricular Confeffion, as con- trary to Scripture, and profit of the publick, and as a device of man : againft the Simony of felling Pardons : againft the Pope as the Adverfa- ry of Chrift. He complaineth of the unmarried Priefts committing wickednefs , and by bad example provoking others j of Images in Churches tl)e C|)UrCl) of Great Britain, 113 Churches as Idolatry ; of falfe Pallors, which feed upon their flocks, and feed thera not , nor fuffer others to feed them. He wrote alfo againft Purgatory. In this King's Reign wercdiverfe Archbifliops of C<«««r^«ry. I will begin wiiii Simon Mej^ham, made Archbilhop in the firft year of his Reign. John Stratford was the fecond , Confccrated firft Bilhop of Win- chefter. The third was Thomas Bradwardine, Fellciw of Merton Colledge in Oxford, and afterwards Chancellor of London , and commonly called The profound Dottor. He had many difputes with the School-men againft thfe errors of PeUgim, and reduced all his Ledures into three Books, which he entitled, De caufa Dei. He was Confeffor to King Edvfard\.h.z third. He died a few Months after his Confecration. Simon J/lip was the fourth, he founded Canterbury Colledge in Oxford. ■This Colledge is now fwallowed up in Chrifi-Church. ■ Simon Langham fe the fifth , much meriting by his Munificence to Wefiminjier' Abbey . r William Witlefee fucceedcd him, famous for freeing the Univerfuy of 'I Oxford from the Jurifdiftion of the Bilhop of Lincoln, formerly the Diocefan thereof. -Simon Sudbury was the lafl: Archbifliop of Canterbury in this King's Reign. In his Reign alfo flouri/hed Nicholas Trivet, a black Fw'er, tern in Norfolk,, who wrote two Hi/lories, and a Book of Annals. Richard Stradley, born in the Marches oi Wales, a Monk and a Divine, who wrote divcrfe excellent Treatifes of the Scriptures. William Herbert, a Welch- man, who wrote many good Treatifes in Divinfty. Thomas Wallis, a. Sir Rich, sa- Dominican Frier, and a writer of many excellent Boofe. Walter Burley-, ^^*'^ Chron. a Doftor in Divinity, who wrote many choife Treatifes in Natural and Moral Philofophy. Roger, a Monk of Chejier, and an Hiftoriegraphtr. John Burgh, a Monk, who wrote an Hiftory, and alfo divcrfe Homilies, Richard jinngervil, Bifliop of Durham., and Lord Chancellor of £ng' land. Richard Chuhefier, a Monk of WefiminJIer , who wrote a good Chronicle, from the year 449. to the year 134S. Afatthew Wejl,nin' \hr, who wrote the Book, called, F/or£i/:///?o>-i^?-«w. Henry Knighton, who wrote an Hillory, entitled, De geftis Anglorum. John Aiandevil Knight, Dodorof Phyfick, a great Traveller ; and SiiCtoffry Chaucer, the Homer of our Nation. About the fortieth year of his Rdgn,- there was a Prieft in England, CiUedWiHiam IVick^am, who was great with King Edward, fo that all things were done by him. who was made Billiop of IVmchefier. Towards the latter end of this King's Reign arofe John Wickliff, a Learned Divyie of Oxford, who did great fervice to the Churdi in pio- Q_ moting 114 %i)t^i^m(if moting Reformation, and in oppofing Papal power, for he wrote fharply . againft the Pope's authority, the Church of Rowe, and diverfe of their Religious Orders. Certain Divines, and Mafters of the Univerfity en- tertained his Do^ftrine, viz.. Robert Rigfes, Chancellor of the Univer- fity, together with the twoProfiors, and many others. He not onely Preached this Doftrine in Oxford, bat alfo more publickly in London : Ak the Court before the King himfelf, the Prince of Wales, his Son, "john Duke o[ Lancafier, the Lovd Clifford, the Lord Latimer, and others: Jikewife the Lord Montccme, who defaced Iniages throughout all his Jurifdiiflion •, and '^ohn Earl of Sarur,-., who at the point of death re- fufed the Popifh Sacrament, with diverfe others of the chiefeft Nobility, the Major of London, with diverfe other worthy Citizens, who many times difturbed the Biftiops Officers, who were called for the fupprcffing oUVickliff. This Man being much encouraged by the Duke of Lavcafier, and Sit Henry P^rcy, Marfhall, went from Church to Church Preaching his Opinions, and fpreading his Dodrine j whereupon he is cited to anfwer before the Archbifhop, the BiHiop of London, and others, in St. PauTs London. At thcday appointed, the Dake of Lanc.ifier , and the Lord Marfhall, go to conduft him : there the Archbilhop and Bifhop declared the Judgement of the Pope concerning TF/c^/y^'s Doftrine. The Arch- bifhop Tent Wicl^Jiff'i Condemnation to Robert B-igges, Chancellor of the Univerfity of Oxford, to be divulged. Rigges appointed them to Preach that day, whom he knew to be the moft zealous followers of Wickliff', and among others he ordered one r/)//fp Rifphnon, a Canon of Leicejier, to Preach on C(»-p/fer-C^;-i/?/ day, who concluded his Sermon with thefeword^ : For Jpeculative DoEinne ( faith he ) fucb .w is the Sacrament of the Alter, IwiUfet abrron my lips, while God hath other- vpi-feinfirii^ed, or illuminated the hearts of the Clergy. King Edward the third, died fune zt. Anno 1377. in the fisty fift year of his Age, when he had Reigned fifty yeirs four Months^ and odd dayes, whofe Body was folemnly buried at JVefminfler. Richard the fecond, born at Birrdeaux, the Son of Edward, called, ThebLick, Prince, being but eleven years oldj fucceeded his Grandfather in the Kingdom. In thefirftyear of his Reign Pope Gregory fendeth his Bull, by the hands of one Edmimd Stafford, directed to the Chancellor and Univerfi- ty of Oxford, rebuking them (hatply for luffering fo long theDodrine- oi John Wickliff to take root. At the fame time alfo ie direded Letters to Simon Sudbury, Arch' hilhop of Canterbury, and to WilUum Courfney, Biiliop of London, with the Conclufions of fohn Wickliff therein endofed ; commanding them to caufe the faidl1f7fy/^^to be apprehended, and cafi into prifon, and that ■ " "" the tlje CiJUtC!) of Great Britain. 115 the Kmg and tlW Nobles of Etiglimd fiiould be admoniihed by them, not to give any credit to the faid lohn vyicklif, or to his Doftrine, in any wife. ' ; Witklifwzs [ummoned perfonally to appear before: the Archbifliop, and the reft of the Bi/hops^ at his Chappel at Lambeth. He came ac- cordingly: when in comes a Gentleman and Courtier , named I/Ctv/; Clijford, on the very day of examination, commanding them not to pro- ceed to any definitive fenfcnce againfl; the faid WickUjf. The Bifhops af- linwood's frighted, proceeded no farther: onely the Archbilhop fummoned a. provlnc lib. ^. Synod at London, in which he made four Conftitutions, three where- M^^S* of concerned Confeffion, grown now much into difufe by Wickliff's Dodrrine. • The Popifli Bifhops and Monks obtained of l^ng Richard, that Wkkj liff fliould be baniflied out o^ England. He therefore repairing into Bo- hemia, brought a great Light to the Doftrine of the Waldenfes, where fobn Hujfs, being but yet ayoung man, had diverfe Conferences with comin.hifior. him about diverfe divine matters But at length he was recalled home scUvon.Eccfif. again from Exile ; and the year before he died, he wrote a Letter to fohn Hujfe, Encouraging him to be firong in the grace that Wm gi'oen to him, to fight as a good Souldier of 'fefm Chrift, both by word and worl{, DoBrine and converfation , &c. John Hnffi beieby took heart very da- ringly , in the Univerfity Church at Prague , to inveigh againft the overflowing abominations of the times ^ and not onely at Prague, but throughout the whole Kingdom of Bohemia, did he Preach againft them. The fame year Jerome of Prague returning out of England, and carry- ing Wickliff's Books with him, rooted up the [_ then ] prevailing er- ror with the like boldnefs in the Schools, as John HuJfe did in the Church. WicJtliffdied the hB:o? December i^Sj. and was buried in his Church oi Luttervoorth in Leicejier-[hire. In the fecond year of the Rtign of king Richard the fecond, a Parlia- ment was called at Wejl-minfter, where the Laity moved. That no Officer of the Holy Church fl]ou!d take pecuniary [urns, more or lefs, of the people, for correBion of fins ; but onely enjoyn them Spirttad penance, which would be more ple-ajing to God, and profitable to the Soul of the offender. The Clergy ftickiedhereat/or by this craft they got their gain. Rut here the nxKoiulisin King iriterpofed, That Prelates fliould proceed herein as fomierly, accor- T.mi Lo»d. ding to the Lawes of the Holy Church, and not othervcife. Yea, diverfe things paffed in Parliament in favour of the Clergy. As, ' That all Prelates and Clerkj fljallfrom henceforth commence fhcir Suits againft Purveyors and Buyers dijiurbing them f though not byway of crime) byaElionsofTrefpafs, and recover treble damages. ■ ^Alfo , That any of the King's Minifters arrefl'ing people of the Holy church, in doing Divine Service, fljaH have- in(prtf as 10 whom they h.ive obeyed as their lawful Prince, full two and twen- ty years. This is the part of Traitors, Cut-throats, and Thieves : None is fo wicked :, none fo vile, who though he be ch.xrged with a ma- - fjifefi crime, we jhould I hink^ to condemn before vce heard him. jind you, do ye thinks it equal to pafs fentence on a King anointed and Crowned, giving him no leave to defend himfelf ? How anjufi if this ? But let us confider the matter it felf. I fay, nay openly af- firm, that Henry Du\e of Lancafter (whom you are pleafed to caA your King ) hath mofi un'^ufily /pailed Richard ( as well his Sovereign . as ours ) of his Kingdom. Moje would he have fpoken, but the Lord Marfilal enjoyned him Ci- lence : and the other Billiops faid, he difcovered (having been a Monk) moie t^eCljUrCftOf Great Britain. 119 more Coveni-devotion , than Courc-difcretion , in diflenting from his Brethren :yet at that time no puniflimet was impofed upon him. But the next year 1400. when fotne difcontented Lord's arofe againft K ing Hcmy the fourth, this Bifliop was taken prifoner, and judicially .arraigned for high Treafon, for which he was condemned, and fent toSc. Alkrhs The Popegaveuntohira_anochcr Bilhoprick in £,3«oj, a Greek Ifland, But before his tranflation he died. Cent. XV. King Henry the fourth, held a Parliament at Wefiminfter, during which Thomas Arundel Archbifliop of Canterbury had co§v€cated a Synod, which was held in Sc. Pml s Church, to whom the King fent the Earls of Northumberland, and WeflmorUnd, who declared to the rr'ijl'd '« "^'"'■" Clergy, That they were from the King to acquaint them, that the King Hfwia. I ^» refolved to confirm all their Priviledges unto them, and to joyn with them as they fliould defire him, in the punifliment of all Hereticks, and oppofites to their Religion received : for which fo doing he craved but their fupplications to God for him and his pollerity, and profperity of the Kingdom, which was by all there prefent religioufly promifed. In the fecond yeaf of his Reign, King Henry ordained. That if any perfon Jhonld ohfain from the Bipop of Kom?-) any frovifion, to be exempt from obedience Regular or OrcJinary ; or to have any Office perpetual in any Hctife of Religion, he fliould incur the pains of ?xzxD\xm\'e. Hcalfo gave authority unto Bifliops and their Ordinaries, to impiifon and fine all Subjeds whorefufethc Oath ex Officio. In the fame Parliament it was jhe Statute ordained , That all LolLtrdt [_ that in, thofe who profejfed the do^ine niade,|»-» H*- VfhichyN'KkViShadtiiHgh!;'^ fioould be apprehended-^ and if they ftiotdd re- ntico comba- ■main obfiinate, they fliould be delivered to the Bificp of the Diocefs, and by '''"''''* himMnto the fecular Magifirate to be burnt. This A(f^ was the firft in this Ifland for burning in cafe of Religion, and began to be put in ejjecucion, Anno 1401. The firfl on whom his cruel Law was hanfelled, was William Sautre^ formerly Parifli-prieft of St. Margaret in the Town of Lyn, but fince of St. Oyif/; in theCity of London. It feemeth, he had formerly ab- jured thofe Arcticles (for which he fuffered death } before the Bifliop oi Nor with . Therefore he was firfl: adjudged to be degraded and de- pofed, which was in order, asfolloweth. From no xi)c ^i^m of f I. Prieft, From the ; Order of 7 Deacon, Subdeacon, AcoJyte, 5. Exorcift, 6. Reader, 7. Seston.. j^by taking ■'from him,*^ r I. The Patin^ Chalice, and pluckiiig the Cha'fule trom his Back. z. The New Teftarnent and ihc Stole. 3 . The Alb and the Maniple. 4. The Candlellick, Taper, UrceoUim. 5. The Book of Conftituti- ons. 6. The Book of Church- Legends. 7. The Key of the Church- t door and Surplice. .How many fteps are required to climb up to the top of Popilb Priell- hood 1 how. many trinkets muft be had to compleat a Pricfl: ? and here ive behold them folemnly taken afunder in jS<««fr« degradation. And now he no longer Piieft, but plain Lay-man, with the Tonfure on his crown rafed away, was delivered to the Secular Power, with this cona- plement worth the noting. Befecching the Scc/tLrr Court , that they would receive favatrobly the faid William^ unto them thns recommitted. But fee their hypocrifie; ThePopifh Bifliops at the fame time ( for all their fair larguage^ called upon the King to bring him to fpeedy exe- cuiion. Hereupon the King in Parliament ifTued out his Warrant to the Mayor and Sheriff of London, that the faid William, being in their cuftody , should be brought forth into fome publick place within chcliberty of the City, and there realiy to be burnt to the great horrour of his offence, and manifell example of other Chriftians ; which was done accor- dingly. - . , After this , Richard Scroop, Archbifliop of Tork^, with the Lord Moithray , Marfhall of EitgUnd , gathered together a great company againft King Henry, in the North Countrey, to whom was adjoyned theaydof the Loid Bardolf^ and Henry Piercy, Earl oi Northumber- Lviid. They drew up ten ^Articles againft the faid King, and faft^ncd them upon the doors of Churches and MonaTteries, to be read of all men in Englilh. The Earl of Nonhimberland, and the Lord Bardolf were flain in the field , fighting againft the Kings part, Anno 1408. Eut the Archbifiiop of Tork^, and the hot^ Moubray were taken and beheaded. Anno 14C9. Xhimas Badb)-, a Tailor, was by Thomas Arundel Atch- ' of Canterbury, coademacd for the Teftimony of the^truih. He was tlyZ €ipXt^ of Great 'Britain. I2l was brought into Sw/Vfc/zeW, and there being put into ah empty barrel, was bound with Iron bars faft to aftakc, and dry wood put to him, and fo burned. Some Profsffors of the Gofpel at that time did llirink back, as 'John Purvey, who wrote many Books in defence of wichliff's DoArine, and among ochers a Commentary upon the Apocalypfe, wherein he decla- reth the Pope of Rome to be chat great Antichrift. He recanted at Faul'i Grofs, John Edvfards Prieft revoked at the Green-yard at Nor- wich. Richard Herbert, and Emmot Willy of London, and John Beck^ aifo at London. John Seynons of Lincoln-Jhire revoked at Canter- bury. Then was William Thorp examined before the Archbifliop of Canterbu- ry, who rchearfed his belief before the Archbilliop ; afterwards he was committed to ciofe Prifon, where he was fo ftraitly kept, that either he was fecretly made away, or elfe there he died by ficknefs. John A^non alfo, another follower of Wicklif, who, for the fame DoArine of the Sacrament held by Thorp, was committed to clofe Prifon, after he was condemned, where he continued till his death. Philip Kippington was made Bifhop of Lincoln, who of a Profeffor, be- came a cruel Perfecutor of the Gofpel. Synods of the Clergy were very frequent in this ELing's Reign; but moft of thefe were but Ecclefiaftical meetings for fecular Money. Sir j^o^w T//)/e^ ( made afterwards Earl c( Wercejfer ) put up a Peti- tion to the Parliament touching Lollards, which fo wrought on the Lords, that they joyned in a Petition to the King, that they and every of them be taken, and put in Prifan, without being delivered in Bail, or orherwife, except by good and fuificient mainprife, to be taken before the Chancellor of England, &c. The Popifli Clergy had gained Prince Henry (fetas a Tranfcdndent by himfelf in the Petition) to their Side, entringhis youth againft the poor Wickliffifis : and this earned: engaged htm to the greater Antipathy againft them, when poflefTed of the Crown. A Petition was put up in the Parliament, That the King might enjoy half of the profits of any Parfon's Benefice, not rcfident thereon : wbere- unto the King anfwered. That Ordinaries (hould do their duties there- in , or elfe he would pro^'ide^ further remedy , or ftay their plura- lities. The ninth year of the King's Reign, the Commons defired of the King, That none prefented be received by any Ordinary, to have any Benefice, of any Incumbent, for any caufe of privation , or inhabitati- on, whereof the Procefs is not founded upon Citation made within the Realm : and alfo that fuch Incumbents may remain in all their Benefices, untill it be proved by due Inqueft in the Court of the King, thatibeCi- tations whereupon fuch privations, and inhabitations are granted, were -R made ! 21 %i)t tifto;v of made within the Realm : andiffuch Ordinaries do, or have prefented, or others do prefent to the contrary , that then they and their Procura- rors, &c. incur the pain contaifted in the Statute made againft Provifoe's, ^ffffff 13, Ric.z. Alfo that no Pope's Colledlor fliould from thence-forth levy any Money within the Realm, for firft Fruits of any Ecdefiaftical dignity, under pain of incurring the Statute of Provifoe's. ^ The Commons in the fame Parliament put up a Bill to the King to Jake the Temporalties out of the Hands of the Spiritualty, which a- mounted to three hundred and two and, twenty thoufand Marks by the year. Then came the Cardinal of Burges into England, being fent from the Colledge of Cardinals, to infoispv the King and Clergy of the uncon- ftant dealing of Pope Gregory. 'Anno 1409. After the Feaft of the Epiphany, the Archbifhop of Canterbury Con- Sfowfi Chro. vocated an Afferably of the Clergy at London j^o chufe meet perfons to go in Hew; 4. j(j tj,e General Council holden at P«/^ ; whereunto were choka Robert Holam, Bilhop of SdUbury •, Henry Chifely, Biihop of St. Davids, and ThorMs Chillindon, Vnot oi Chrift-Chnrch in Canterhnry •, and the King had fent before. Sir Jofc« Colvil Knight, and Nicholas Rixton Clerk, with letters to be given to them. A letter alfo was fent unto the Pope, wherein the King chargeth him with Perjury. At Pifa there affembled a great number of Cardinals, Archbifhops,' Bilhops, and Mitred Prelates, who elefted a new Pope, -viz. Alexander ihe fifth (a man trained up at Oxford) rejefting the two other Schif- matical Popes, Gregory and BenediSi. Thomas Arundel, Archbifhop of Canterbury, came with a Pompous train to Oxford. His intent was Juridically to vifit the Univerfity, ex- pe<3in« to be folemnly met^ and fumpruoully entertained according to his place and dignity. 'But Richard Courtney, the Chancellor oi Ox- ford, with BenediEi ^r^;?/-, and fohn Birch, the two Proftors, denied the Archbifhop entrance into the Univerfity under the notion of a Vificor. The Archbifliop angry at the affront, fairly retreated, re infe^a to London. King Henry at the joynt inftances of both parties, fummoned them to Lambeth, to hear and determine the Controverfie ; where the King pronounced feiuence on the Archbifliep's fide. Afterward the King con- firmed the fame., with the confcnt of the Lords and Commons in Parlia- ment • as in the Tower-Rolls doth plainly appear. The King chough courteous wa& not fervile to the Pope, and the Clergy terrified with the wavering doubtfulnefs of the King, granted him a tenth every year for diverL years. 7ullir.Q\mxc\\ King Henry the fourth, is not obferved ( as all Englilli Kings before }^jft. of£r/,'. and after him) to have ereft^d and. endowed any one entue houfe of R?.^igion,' I) of Great Britain. 123 Religion, as firft or fole-founder thereof, though a great Benefador to the Abhy 0? Leicefier , and CoHedge oi Fothringhay in Nvnhamfton- Jhire. His pidurc is not fo well known by his Head, as his Rood, which he wearcth upon it in an odd fafliion peculiar to himfelf. He died Henry the fifth, his Son, fucceeded in the Kingdom. An univerfal ^ Synod of all the Bilhops and Clergy was called at London^ where , among other weighty matters, it was determined , That the day of St. George-, and alfo of St. Dmfian^ fliould be a double Feaft in holy 'Church. At the Petition of the Commons in Parliament, to the King, all Irilh ^"^'j- z« ?'«'■« begging Priefts, called Cljamljcresfepns, were ordered to depart the ' Realm by yI^ic/?aWw^« following, upon pain of lofs of . goods, and im- prifonment during the King's pleafure. In the beginning ef this King's Reign arofe^Sir John Oldcaftle, f^po (,^.^^^-gyi,:^ip_, Married Joan de la Pole , Baronefs of Cobham , the^Lord whcreof''he j\e>!t. became: a Man (faith one) Regi -propter frobitate-m, charus dr acceptiu, in great favour with King Henry the fifth, fox his honefty, and like- wife renouned for his valour, and great skill in feats of Amies : who fent into the Diocefles of London, Rochefier, and Hereford, fome to publifl] the truth of the Gofpel, without the leave and Licenfe of the , Ordinaries , who were efpecially in their Sei-raons to confute the Doftrine of Tranfubftantiation , the Popifh Sacrament of Penance , Percgrinarions , worftiipping of Images j the Keys ufurped by -the Church of Rome. At that time there reforted to the Synod in London, twelve Inquifi- tors for Herefie, whom they appointed at Oxford the year before, to fcarch out for Hereticks, withall WickUff's Books ; who brought two hundred forty fix Conclufions , which they had colledied as Hereiies out of the faid Books. • ^ The Names of the Inquifitors, were thefe -, Jxihn WitnAm, a Mailer .^^•**^ • in New Colledge. John Langdon , Monk of Chrrfi- church in Canter- * * , J| hitry. William Vjford , Regent of the Carmalites-^ Thomai Clayton , ►*■• ^ ■ ■ Regent of the Dominicks ; Robert Gilbert, Richard Enthifdale , John Zsck, Richard Sindi[ham, Richard Fleming , Thoma-i Rotborn, 'Robert Rouberry, Richard Graf dale • who all concluded , that the chief fa- vourers of Wickliff'i Doftrine , were to be firft dealt againft. The Lord Cobham was complained of by the General Proftors, to be the chief, principal abettor of fiifpefted Preachers, contrary to the mind, -of the Ordinaries, and to have aflifted them by force of Amies. The King fent for the Lord Cobham, and when he was come, he ad- nionilhed him fecretly tofubmit himfelf to his Mother the holy Church ; Unto whom he made this Anfwer. R z Tin 124 ^D^ ^iftoiv of ToH mofi Worthy Prince. (hkh he) lam always ready to obey, for ' ^fmuch as I kz'ow yon a Chrifiian Prince , an4 the Minister of God, bearing ths Svfirrd to the funijlinfent of evil doers, and fafe- guard of them that do well: Vnto you ( next unto my eternal God\ owe J rrieji reve-rence, and fubmit thtrennto (^as I have done ever } i all that I have either of Nature or Fortune, ready at all times to fulfill vthatfoever Ton - in the Lord command me. But as touching- the Pope, and his Spiritualty ^ I owe them neither Suit -nor Service,, ferafinuch as I k»o\v him by the Scriptures to he the Great Anti^ chri^y the Son of Perdition, the open Adverfary of God. The King having heard this, would talk no longer with him, biK wterly left him : And the Archbifhop rcforting to the King, he gave him authority to Cite him, Esamine, and Punifli him according to theic Decrees. The Archbifliop Cited him to appear before him at the Caftle of Leeds in Kent, and. becaufe he appeared not, he Excommunicated hira. Then the Lord Co^/j^w wrote a draught of the Confeffion of his Faith, and Sealed it with his own Hand , in which he anfwered the foue chiefefl: Articles that the Archbifhop laid againil him; and that done, he took the Copy with him,- and went therewith to the King , who would not receive it , but commanded it to be delivered to thofe who /hould be his Judges. Then he defired in the King's prefence, that an hundred Knighcs and Efquires might be fuffered to "come, as upon his Purgation, which he knew would clear hiia of. all Here- fies. Moreover, he offered himfelf, after the Law of Armes, to fight foif Life, or Death, with any man living, Chriftian, or Heathen, in the quarrel of his faith, the King's Majefty and the Lords of his Coun- - cil excepted: and furthermore protefted, Thac he vrouU obey all man- \ii S''""'^**^^ ner of Lavfs agreeable to the Word of Ged : yet for all this, the ,flr**»!»«*^^*** • King fuffered him to be fummoned perfonally in his own Privy- *- / He appeared before the Archbifliop fitting in the Chapter-houfe df JohXifgnvi. Pauls, with Richard Clifford , Bi/hop of London, Henry BuUinbreok,, Ub.2.diTiobi-Bi{bQp of Winchefier. He profefTed ,. Tife.jf the Pope was true Anti' Ub.Hmkis. chrin-. That he is his He^d, and that the PopiJhUifliops were his Mem- bers; the Friars his Tayl. And as touching the other Points ( hkhhe) they are Ordinances of the Church of Rome, m.ide againfi the Scriptures, after it grew rich, and the poifon had dijperfed it felf therein, and not be- fore. Another Annalift faith. That he hadopenly faid in Parliament, that it would nevrr be well in England , till the Pope's power nrre baniped beyond the Seas. tIjeCljtttClJOf Great Britain. ^^5 The Archbifliop read a Bill of Condemnation againft him , after which Bill read, the Lord Cobham faid with a cheerful countenance. Though yen judge my Body , which is but a wretched thing , yet I am fme ye cttn do. no harm to my Soul, no more than Satan could do to the Soul of Job. And as concerning thefe Articles, I will ftand to thsm to the very death by the grace of my eternal God. And after afliort in- ftruSion to the people, he fell down upon his Knees, holding up his Hands and Eyes to Heaven, And frayed God to forgive his Pr^fecutors. The Lord Cobham Was condemned to dye, being led back to the Tower, iie efcaped out of the Tower, and fled into Wales, where he continued by the fpace of four years. In January 1414. Sir Roger A^on Kniglit, Mr. fohn Brown, and John Beverley a Minifter, fuffcred Martyrdom in the Fields of St. Giles , with thirty fix more. Some fay , that Sir Roger Aclo'i was hanged naked at Tyburn, faving that certain parts of him were covered, and af- ter certain dayes, a Trumpetter of the King's, Qd.\\ti,Thomns CUjfe, gK leave of the King to take him down, and bury him. The next Month after the Execution of thefe Men , died Tkg:nas. Arundd Archbilhop of Canterbury, famiflied to Death, not for "want of Food, but of a Throat to fwallow it : fuch the fwelling therein, that he could neither fpeak nor eat for fome days. After himfucceeded Henry Chichely, whofe mean birth interrupted Codw'pi's Ca- the chain of Noble Archbilhops , his two Predeceffors and Succeffors wl. of Eiili. being Earls Sons by ExtraAion. Although many Laws had been made againft the Pope's ufurped Authority in bellowing Ecclefiaftical pre- ferments by way of Provilionj yet durft not this man confent unto bis eleftion made by the Covcnt of Canterbury, but committed the matter unto the Pope's determination, who firlt pronounced the eledion of the Monks void, and thenbcftowed the Archbiflioprick upon hi.ii. The fame year the King began the Foundation of two Monalleises : one of the Friars obfcrvants on the one fide ofTh.tmes] and the other on the other fide of the fame River, called Shcne, and Sion, dedica- ted unto the Charter-houfe Monks, with certain Nuns of St. Briget-, to the number offixty, dwelling within the fame precinft: fo that the whole number of thefe, with Priefts, Monks, Deacons, and Nuns, ftiould equal the number of thirteen Apoftles, and feventy two Dif- ciples. Thefe were to eat noFlelh, to touch no Money, to. wear no Linnen. The King held a Parliament at Leicefter^ in which the Commons pyt • up their Bill again, which was put up. Anno 1 1 . Henry the fourth, that the Temporaltie? wafted fo diibrderly by the Clergy, might be con- verted to the ufe of the King, and. of his Earls, and Knights, G"c .In ■fear of which Bill, the Clergy put him upon a long War with the French, oifering to him in behalf of the Clergy, great and notable furas, by rea- fonwhereof the Bill was put off again. The A,. 126 %l)tWmvnt The Archbifiiop, tlenry Chichley, condemned John Clayiion s-Books, and condemned him, and Oionly after he was burnt in Smithfield with E ichjird Turning, Baker , Anno 1415- The neit year the laid Arcbbiflioi;) , in his Convocation holden at Lori' aon, madefliarper Coni'titutions, than were , before, ^.gdivSixht Lollards. Th^re two Priefls, noted for Hereticks, were brought before the Bi- ihops , the one John Earton , the other Robert Chappel, Barton was committed to PM/p, BilLop of X/nco/«, to be keptin prifon, till orhcr- wife it were determined. C&;?/)pf/ fubmitced himfelf, and with much ?do received pardon : and was ( in flead of penance ) enjoyned certain Arricles to publilh at Paul's Crols. Then divers perfons were forced to abjure, as John Toiler of the Pa- rilli of St. Af.irics at Quern, -William James Phyfitian, who had long lain in prifon. John. Gonrdley of Lincoln- fhire , a learned man, John JJnerfcr, Katherine Dcriford, the Parfon of Higley in Lincoln-Jhire, na- med Mr. Robert, William Henry of Tenterden ; John Gaul, a Prieft «f London, Richard Monk^, VkvcoiChe^ammLmcoln-fhire, with divers others. During the time of rhe Provincial Convocation, Pope^^ma hadfenc to the C lergy of England for a Subfidy to maintain the Pope's Wars againit the Lollards of Bohemia. Another Subfidy was demanded to perfecu;e William Clerl^, Mafler of Arts in Oxford, who failing out "of England, was at the Council of ^^j/;/ difputing on the ^efcewj;««j fide. A third Subfidy was alfo required, to perfecme William Rnjfel, Warden of the Grey-Friers in London, who was-fled, having efcaped out of prifon. Ralfh Mmgin, Prieft, refufing to abjure, was condemned to perpetual prifon. The recantation of Thon}as Granter,znd Richard Monk., Priefts, was read openly at P<««/sCrofs, after which Granter was put to feven years imprifonment, under the cuftody of the Bifhop of London. E4- 'tiiond Frith recanted, who was Butler to Sir John Oldcafile. Belidesthefe, many other T-Fzc^/iwra were fore vexedJn iTewf, iu the Towns of Romney ^ Tenterden , Woodchurch , Cranhrook^, Staplehitrfi , Bennenden, and Rolvenden j where Men and their Wives, and whole Families v/ere driven to forfake their Houfes, and Towns, for fear of perfectition. Among whom were William White, and Thomas Greenfied, Priefts, Bartholomew Chronemonger, Joan Waddon, Joan his Wife, Jho' mas Evcrndcn, Stephen Robins, William Chineling, John Tame, John Faco- lin, William Somer, Marian his Wife, 'John Abraham, Robert Munden, Laurence Ctokj which perfons, becaufe they appeared not, were ex- , communicated by the Archbifhop. The Lord Cobhnm, having lived four years in Wales, and being at laft difi-overed , was taken by the Lord lowi^ ; yet fo, that it coft fome .blows and-blood to apprehend him, till a Woman at laft. withaftooi broke tDeCDurCl) of Great Britain. 127 brokt the Lord CMam's legs, whereby being lamp, he was brought up toZWo»inanHorfe-lktcr. At lafthewas drawn upon an Hurdle to the Gallows, and there was banged and burnt. In the ninth year of King Henry the Fifth, he fuppreffed the French Houfes of Religious Monks and Friars, andfuch like, in E)igla>}d, be- ^fow's chrohi caufe they fpake ill of the King's Conqueft over France. Their Lands in^^*'.. 8. were given by him, and King Henry the Sixth, to Monafteries , and Colledges of learned men. King Henry died iu France, and was brought over, and buried at Wefiminfier, This King ordained the King of Heraulds over the Engiifli, which is called Garter. In this King's Reign Richard Fleming, Bilhop of Ztwtf/3, founded a Cdlledge, nd^meA Lincoln-'Cotledge in Oxford. King f/(?«ry the fixth, aninfant of eight months old, fucceeded his Fa- ther in the Kingdom of England, Anno 1422. In the eighth year of his Age he was crowned ^xWefimi-^fier, and ia the tenth year crowned King at P^w; Cardinal //fwj, Biihop of Win- chefter^ being prefent at them both. The Clergy had i^hen a (Irong party In the Privy Council, wc 1. HenryChicheley, Archbifhop of Canterbury, 2. fohn Kemp, Bittwpoi London. 3 . Henry Beauford, Bifliop of Winchefier, lately made Cardinal. 4. ^ohn MVackaring, Bilhop of Norwich, Privy-fea!. 5. Philif Morgan, Bifliop of ^Norcefter. 6. Nieholoi Bubwith, Bifliop of Bath and V^ells, LordTreafurer, In thefirft year of this King's Reign, was burned a faithiiii witnefs of God's Truth, William'Tai[8r,z Prieft, under Henry Chichcky, Archbifliop tii Cants- hiiry, March i. Annoi'^2^. In the year \i\.i/^,'john Florence, a Turner, appeared before Will. Ber- ?ww,Chancel]or to iheBifliopof Norwich being accufed for holding and teaching divers Hcrefies. But being threatened, he fubmiciedhimfclf, and abjured : and for his penance he was whipped three Sundayes, in a folemn procefiion, in the Cathedral Church of iVenv/c/?,. before all the people. The like alfo was done about his Parifli-church of Shdton three other feveral Sundayes , he bein^ baie-headed , bare-footed , and bare-necked, after the manner of a publick Penitentiary , hii body being covered with a canvals fliirt and breeches, carrying in bis band a Taper of a pound weight. In the fame year loh -. Geddefd of Dlch-ngham, Parchment' makeri ab^ - jured and was fet at liberty till the year 142.8, ;■ " Bich^rcl ■ :_:^e !|iCto^|> Df TTT MichM-d Behvard-of^ E'ifAmlwuxe, t'lit -be Would neither fea'ch-nof aliirrany againilcheCharch of F^ome, and was difmiirid; ■ - ■ The like happened to Hugh Pie, Chaplain of Litdney. In the year 1428. King /ifwry the Sixth fent down Letters of Commif-- fionio Tohn Y-xitcr, and /f ; ! 1428. Such was the Spleen of the Council of Sienna, as theynot only curfed the memory of "john WukUff', as dying an obftinate Heretick, but or- dered, that his bones fliould be taken out of the ground, and thrown far off from any Cbriftian burial. In obedience hereunto, Richard Fleming, Billiopof Lincoln, Diocefan of X«//^£'?-n'flr/^,fent his Officers to ungrave hiai accordingly, who took his bones out of the grave, and burnt them to a.Oies, and caft them into Svcift, a neighbouring Brook ninninghard by. ^n?!o 143-0. R.Hovedon, a Wool-winder, and Citizen of LoWo;?, wns-burnt at the Tower-hill for the Dodrine of W/c/^i^. The year following ThowM Bagley, a Prie-ft, Vicar of Monenden befiJes Maiden, was condemned of Herclieat London, about the midft of Lent, degraded, and biirned in Srnit hfidd. At St. Andrews in Scotland, Anno 143 1. Paul Craw was burnt for Pfiwjfhurch denying that the fubflance of the Bread and Wine arc changed in the Hiflory. Eucharifl ; or that Contefiion is necefTary to be made unto Priefts, or Praj'ers unto Saints departed. At his condemnation they put a Bull of Brafs in his mouth, to the end he fliould not fpeak unto the people, nor teliforwhat he wasburnts " • flenry tl)e CUtttCl) of Great Britain. iiq .•.Henry Beauford, Bifliop of WincheBer, Cardinal Sanm Eifif>ii > j^^ Archim was by confent of Parliament made one of the King's Council, with this Tunis Loud. condition, that he Ihould make aproteftation to abfent himfelf from the Council, when any matters were to be treated betwixt the King and Pope. The Cardinal took the Proteftation , and promifed to per- form it. -. The Clergy complained to the King in Parliament, that their Ser- vants, which came with them to Convocations, were often arretted, and they prayed that they might have the fame Priviledge, which the Peers and Commons of the Kingdom have,which are called to Parliamcnt,which was granted accordingly. ^^J c; .i:,>v;; ' . •■:. . ; . r . ur, , - Great at this time was thewaiit of Grammar- fchools, andtheabufe of them that were ev^n in London it fclf, it being pxnal for any ( to pre- vent \\\.,''\ 'A>.-«« Chappel flandethatthis day. .?\','r,.i iho'lni ?3it)ii5-ji.i b.'B jTirtrA\\vM'D 1o . • ! Then was the' Lady Eleanor CobharH ' ( fo calfedfrtfm 'th^ Lord Cobham, heir, f jither, otherwife Eleanor Plamagenet by her Husband , Humfry X>\i%toi Glace fier) ^ni. Roger Only ,Vnt'k, her Chaplain, condemned: theljutcbefs (after folemn penance, and carrying. a Taper barefoot at Tads Crofs ) to perpetual banifliraent, for plotting.with Only ( lay Halt and Fabian ivi tixsit Chronicles )- an abominable Neci'omancer ) wich thr^e^others, by Witchcraft to deftr6y,the King, fo to derive the Crown to h?j; Husband, who was next Heir in the liite ijf: Lancafier : And Ro- ger Only was burned. But the main caufe.'of, their condemnation was for ' the profeflion of the Truth, although Treafon was pretended againft them. Folydorp^irgil mikes no.mcncilon.thej-eof, otherwife quick-lighted ^cnpugh In.matters of this. nature:,; - ;\„ > hk^ -ixh r. : > '., ,^t,thiS(titne W:iHiamHeimrtk!^ite'BiQm'p '.olSvi^ntryand Lichfidd^ ,^?|pg tR»nfl:^t^dthit;her-from'beiDgiA.bbot^ iii.-Si. :Alb>uis, ■ -fj'.v S At 130 iri)e !^ifto;t^ of Ac this time William Lynxvood&niihed his induftfioiisandufeful Work H'fto '*' ^f "'^' ^^ ^'* Conftitutions. He was bred in Cmbridge, firft Scholar of Gonvil, iriuii. ° then Fellow of VemhrBok^hall. His younger years he fpent in the Law 5 afterwards he became Keeper of the Pri\ry-feal unto King Henry the Fifth, who employed him in: an Embaffie vMo.Sfain and Portugal, which he ex- adly performed. After the Kings death he re-affumed his OSdal'splace of Canterbury, and then' at fpare hours cblleft'ed and digefted the' Cotifti- futionsof the fourteen latter Archbiiliops of C^/^ffr^ary, (rom Stefhen Langton unto Henry Chichley, unto whom he dedicated the Work, a worthy Work, fiighly efleemed by forreign Lawyers , his Commenr thereon is a Magazine of the Canon Law. It was printed at Paris, \4mo 1505. ( but at the !c6ft and charges oi Wiiliam Bretton, an honeft Mer- chant of ZeWc^ ) revifed by the careof VFo//i«»g^r« Hiy^elifa, zndipre^ fated unto by Jokoeus BAdf»s. This Linwpod was aixtrwzrds madeBifliop of St. Davids. ■' ~. - ^nnoi^-S^. began the aftive Council of 54/J/;, to which our Ambaf- fadors were toreprefenc'both theirSovereigt], and the EnglifliNation, r where they wer?receivi«d with honour: and refpeft. Tbis^wis Jttrou- blcfome Council, and continued fevenieen year?. In this Council it was concluded ( a.; he^are ztConfianCe) tliarthc General Councils ^vere a- bove the Pope. Fourteen Ambaffadors wdre fentfrora the King Unto Ba- fil. One Earl ( not that he was to vote in the Council, but only behold the tranfaftions thereof) t;^^,..^^/^^!!^^^. Earl of AfoxfflK. Five Bilhops, wz.. Robert, Bifliop oi Londm, Philip, Bilhop.txf 4Lj^e«.v, ^^hn, Bi- ihop 0^ Rochefier fohn, Bifhop oi £aieux, and 5f r/z^>'<^, Bifliop of jdix^. Two Abbots, Nichol.u, AbhoLofGiMfton, William^ Abbotbf St; jifii- ries in Tork^ OnePi'ior, Wiiliam, ?rior of Norwich. Tw^oKnightS, "Bienry Broum fleet, and fohn Colvil. Mr. Thomas Brown, Doctor ofl^wSj Deanof 5^!'«»?. Peter Fitz.-M7 the Fifth twenty thoufand pounds, who pawned his Crown to him. He built the fair Hofpital of St. Crofs, near Winchefler. The Clergy moved in Viain againft the recalling of the Statute of Pnenmnire. - 'About the year 1453. began the broyls to break out out between the two Houfes of Lancalter and Tork^, fo mutually heightened, thatfcarce a County betwixt Tor/^and London, hat afet Battel hath been fought therein, befides other Counties in the Marches o( Wales: befides many other Skirmilhes ( Corrivals with Battels) fo that fuch, who confider the blood loft therein, would admire EngUnd had any left. And fuch as obferve how much it had left, would wonder it had any loft. In themidftof thefe Civil wars, William, Sirnamed Patin from his Parents, .but Wainfieet, from the place of his Nativity, now Bifliop of "Witichefter, founded the fair Colledge, dedicated to Mary A-fagdn- ten, tnO'iifm-d, forone Prefident, forty Fellows, thirty Demies, four Chaplains, eight Clerks, and fixteen Chorifters. This Wtlliam VV(?/»- pet fijrft founded Magdakn-hall, hard by, and afterwards undertook ■ '''"'■■ ■ S z and qi '^'^^^^mjtwtmoi and finifhed this moft (lately piece of Archiceftarc. There 'is fcSrce j Bifhoprick \n England, to which this Colledge hath not afforded one Prelate at the lead, doubling her files in fome places. At this day ( be- fides thofe foremencioned ) there are one School rnafter and an Uflier, thrte Readers, viz.. of Divinity-, Natural and Moral Philofophy^befides divers Officers and Servants of the foundation, with other Students, be- ing in all two hundred and twenty. John Kemp, Archbilhop of Canterlffity, built the Divinity-School in Oxford, and Paul's Crofs. KingHfwry being conquered in a fatal Battel uTouton in Nottingham' jJjire, fled with his Queen into Scotland, and to raakehimfelf the more welcome , refigned Berwick, to the King thereof. Edward, Duke of Tork , reigned in his ftcad. This King's Reign affordeth very little Church-ftory, This good was done by the Civil Wars, it diverted the Popifh Prelates from troubling the Lollards. Thomas B our ch I er f Son unto Hf?;ry Bourchier, Earl of EJfex) Arch- bifliop of Canterbury, kept a Synod of his Clergy at London. The Par- liament fitting at the fame time beftowed many priyiledges.pn_£hc Clergy. ..-,?■.;•:■ .-V ..;-; In the time of this Archbifhop, Kaynold Peacock., Bilhopof Chiche" fter, was afflifted by the Popifh Prelates for his Faith and profeflion of the Gofpel, after he had laboured many years in tranflating the Hofy ZiTRkh.-Ei- Scriptures into Englifli. He was accufed and conviftcd for holding and -^fi's chron. publifhing certain Opinions, at that time held Heretical, which at lail openly at Paul's Crofs he revoked, but was notwithftanding deprived of his Bifiioprick ; only a certain Penfion was afligned him to live on in an Abby, where foon after he died. Ffl.v Aftsand About the year 1465. there was here in JS»|^/<<«^ one Thomas 'Holden, Wonunients ' i Carmelite friar, who preached in Michaelmas Term at Paul's Crofs ia uke 8. 3. London, That our Lord lefus Chriji was in poverty, md did beg in the world. A manifefl: untruth ! For great is the difference betwixt beggings and taking what the bounty of others doch freely confer, ais our Saviour did from luch who did mini fter unto him of their fubfiance : This Sermon caufed a great ftir. The principal Champions on both fides, whofc Pens publickly appeared , were For Mendicants. 1. Henry Parker, z Carmelite, bred in C<«ff?^»«^^, living afterwar communicated by the Bifhop of London, and appealing to the Pope, found no favour, but was kept three years captive in St. ^^^e/c, AgaiiiGr tl^e CJttrcl) of Great Britain. 1^5 Againft Mendicams. 1.- Thomas Wilfon, Doftor of both Laws, and fay fome. Dean of S. i>;?/ -^riJ -jrij 7iJ< di- jri:;-.v ■ . i; ; •; "\ ^i ^c; .) rj King Henry vir. coming t0io>??^»ihc. Mayor and Companies re- Lord rm*/. ceived him at Shoreditch> whence with great Honourable attendance, Hillor. of and Troops of Noblemen and perfons of quality he entred the City, hmt.vii. hirtifelf not being on horfeback, or in any open Chair, or Throne, but in a clofe Chariot, as one that chofe rather to keep State, and ftrike a reverence into the people than to fawn upon them. He went firft into S.Prf«/'s Church, where he made offertory of his Standards, and had Oriz.077, and Te Veum again fung, and went to his lodging prepared in the Bifliops palace. Tromas Bourchier, Cardinal, and Archbifhop oi CamerhHry, Crown- ed the King on the \3.^oi OEiober. At which dayfor the better fecuri- ty of his perfon the King did inftitute a band of fifty Archers under a . Captain to attend him, by the Name of Teemen ef his Gneird. The Archbilliop alfo Married King Henry to the Lady Elizabeth, eldeft daugh- ter to King E(^«j4»4- fiiijius., ■ , Sf! «v T;--^-'^--: ^"^ o;^' .• r- ':?'.. - Now tijt CtJUrCfJ of Great Britain. i|7 Now began the Pope to be very bu fie by his Officers to colled: vaft- {ammi o[ money in Eaglaijd, prefutning at the King's connivance there- ai-jWhom he had lately gratified with a needlefs difpenfation.to legitimate his marriage with the LudyEHz-aheth, his CouOn fo far off, that it would half pofe a iferauld to recover their kindred. - The Pope in favour of the King, and indeed of equity it felf, ordered concerning Sanduaries. > r. That if any Sanduary man did by might, or' orherwife:, get Xordncft/. out of Sanctuary privily, and commit mifchief and trefpafs , and inHMc/vii. then come in again, he Ihonld iofe the benefit of Sanftuary for ever afcer. -2. That howfoever the Perfon of the Sanduaay-man was proreded from his Creditors, yet fliould not his goods out of Sanftnary. 3. That if any cook San Auary for caufe of treafon,tbe King might ap- point him keepers to look to him in Sanctuary. The King Confined the Queen Dowager ( his wives mother ) ton Religious houfe In Birmondfey, becaufe three years lincefhe had fur- rendered her two daughters out of theSandiuary at IVefiminfler to King Richard. A Synod was holdcn by Archbifhop Morton at London, wherein the Antiq.Bw. Luxury of the I, Wa>2 Clergy in Cloathes, with their frequenting of/^j^. 298. Taverns v/as forbidden : Such Preachers alfo were punifhed, who in- veighed againftBilhops in their abfence. John Giglis, an Italian, about thji time employed by the Pope, got an infinite mafs of money, having power from the Pope to abfolve people from all crimes whatfoever, fa- ving fmicing of the Clergy, and conJpiring againft the Pope, This Giglis gat for himfelf the rich Billioprick of Woreefier. Yea, in that See four Itdiam followed each other, I, John' Giglis. 3. htlim Medices, afterwards Pope Clement vil. 2 . Sihefier Giglis. 4. HierQ-nymtts At Ntgmiii. The Pope gave power to Archbi/hop Morton, to vifit all places for- merly exempt from Ardiiepifcopal jurifdidion; and to difpcncehispaiJ dpns where he faw juft caufe. Hereupon Rschefter-bridge being broken down, the Archbilliop beftowcd Remiffion from Purgatory, for all fins whatfoever committed within the compafs of fourty dayes, to fuch as fliould bountifully contribute to the buiWing thereof. King Henry vii. dtfired much that King Henry vi. might be Cx- p^^'. Brie. nonized. But Pope Alexander 11 1. delayed, and in effeft denyed tlie '" ^"''^ King's defire herein. The reafon given by Mr. Camden, was tlie Pope's Covetoufnefs, who demanded more than thirfty King Henry would al- low. This King removed the C^jrps of Henry vi. from Chert fey \a T Surrey, XDe i^iftoip of Surrey, where it was obfcurely interred to a plact of greater note viz. Windfor Chappel. ButcbeSaintdiip of ^w/f/w Archbifhop of Camerbiiry wis procured j. by Archbifhop Morton on cheaper terms. iiing Hfwrj was fubmiffive to Pope for his own ends, never fervile. The delerving Clergy he employed iiT Stale affairs more than his Nobi- lit/c To the vitious Clergy he was very fevere, ordaimnir that-detks ■ CofiviB Jloiilii be burnt in ths hand, both that they m^ht t;ifie a Corperd " funilh/Ksnt, and carry a brand of infamy , To the I,o//rf?-<^'s (fo godly men were called) he was more cruel than his Predeceffors : for he not only in the beginning of his Reign connived Jms J4P4, at the cruel perfecutions wiich 'fohn Halfe Bifliop of Coventry and Litch- field raifed againft them, but in the middle and towards the latter end of his Reign he appeared very bloody to them. An Aged old man was burnt in Smithfield, and one foan Boughtan widow^ mother to the Lady Toung (who was afterward Martyred ) Hie being fomfcore years of Age was burnt for an Heretick. In the year 14-97. janH, 17. being Sun- day, Richard Milderd, and James Sturdy bare faggots before the Pro- celfion of S. Prt«/'s, and after ftood before the Preacher in the time of his Sermon. And the Sunday following ftood other two men at Pauts Crofs all the Sermon-time ; one garnifhed with painted and written papers, the other having a Faggot on his neck. Upon Paffion Sunday one Hwgfe (j/owr bare a Faggot before the Proceffion of S.Fdnl'i, and - after with the Faggot flood before the Preacher all the Sermon-while. And on the oesc Sunday following four men ftood, and did their open ■ penance at Pji«i's Crofs, and many of their books were there burnt be- fore them.;. ~ox Aftsand - -<4»«o 1498. ^The King was in Canterbury, where was an old Prfeft Honain.]>.556 fo refolute in his opiniens, that none of the Clergy there could convince him of the contrary. Some fay the King, by what Arguments we know not, converted this Prieft, and then prefestly gave Order he Ihonld . be burnt. About this time WiJliaw Smith, Bifliop of Lincoln, began the foun- - dation, of Brafon-nofe Colledge in Oxford. The work was after his death £Ccompliflied by Richard Sutton Efquire. It maintainetb 3 j- Principal, twenty Fellows, befides Scholars and Officers of the Foun- darion in all amounting to one hundred eighty fix. In the year 1499. a conftant Martyr of Chtift, oamed Babram was burnt in Norfolk^ In the year 1500. died John Morton Archbifhop of Canterbury ^ at his Manour of KnoU. He gave much to good ufes,. and was very bountiful to his Servants. ' ~ ' - Cent. t!)e Cl)UrCt) of Gr e at Britain. i J9 Cent. XVI. HEnry Dean fucceeded in the place of Archbifliop Morton deceived, and fate but two years in that See. His Pall was fent unto him by Hadrian de Cafiello the Pope's Secretary, and delivered by the Billiop of Coventry in thefe words : jid honorem Dei omnipotentis, & B, MartA Virginia, ac Bb. Petri, d- Bmli ApoftolorHm, ' & D. N. Akxandri P. VI. & S. Romans Ecckfia, necnon & Cantnarienfis EccUfiA tibi Commijfa, tfadimtts pallium de corpore B. Petri [umptH-n, plenitudinem '"-■ . viz., Pontificalis ojficii , ut Maris eo infra Ecclepafi timm cert is diebus qui exprimunmr inprivilegiis ei ab Apsstolicafede concejfis. Having re- ceived his Pall, he was to take his Oath unto the Pope, which I will fet down once for all. Ego Henricm Archiep, CantHar ab hac hora in antea fidelis & tbe- GodvpinsCt- diens era B. Petro Sanilacjue ApoFtolica Kommdi Ecckjla, er Domino '^^'•°' ^' "^^^ m:o Alexandra P.V4 fuifqne fucveffioribus canonic i imrantibus, Non ero in Conjilio am confenfn, vel fatlo, ut vitam perdant vel membrum, feu capiantur mala captione. Concilium vero quod mihi^redirttrifunt, per fe ant nuntios ad eornm damnum mefciente nemini pandam Papatnm Kom. & Regalia S. Petri, adjutor ere eis ad retinendum Cfr defendendum, falvs ordine meo, contra omnem hominem Legatstm fedis ApofioUca ineundo & redemdo honorifice traSlabo, (^ in fuis neceJJitatibM adjuvabo. Vocatus adSynodum veniam, ni/i prapeditiis fueroCanonica frapeditione, Apojlo- lernm limina Rom. Curia exifiente citra Alpes fingults annis, ultra vero tnontesjingulis Bicnniis vijitaho, autperme, aut per meum Nuntium, nifi Apoftolica abfolvar licentia. Po^efjtones vero ad menfam mei Archiepifco- patfu pertinentes non vendam neque donabo, neque impignerabo, r.cque de novo infeudifbo, vel aliquo nwdo alienabo inconfuho Homano Pontifice, Jicut me Detts adjuvet,&c. he enjoyed his honour but two years, and kft it to William Warham. Archbilhop D^an bequeathed to his Chuich a Silver Image of fifty one ounces Weight, and appointed five hundred pounds to be beftowed on his funerals. He built the mofi: part of Ox- ford-houfe, and made the Iron-work upon the coping of Rochcfier- bridge. Buckinghampjlre ' 3. fmall County, had more Martyrs in it before Luther's time, than all the Kingdom befides. William Tylfveorth was burnt at Amerfjam (theRendezvous of God's children in thofedayes) and fgan his only daughter, and a faithful woman was compelled with her own hand to fet fire to her dear Father. At the fame time more than fixty ProfefTors did bear Faggots for their penance, and were en- joy ned to wear on their right fieeves for feme years after, a fquare p'ecc of cloth , as a badge of difgrace to themfeives, and difference from T 2 others.' t4o %^t ^iUmv of others. And a new punifliraent was fqucd out of branding them in the cheek. The manner thus. Their necks were tyed faft to a poft with towels, and their hands holden that they might not ftir, and fo the . hot Iron was put to their cheeks vvberher branded with L. for Lollard or H: for Heretick, I am not certain -^ but this is ftire, they bare in thiir bodies the marhjof the Lord fcfus. Father Reive, though brand- ed at that time, did afterwards fufferat a ftake. One Father Kdbern was burned at Buckingham. Father Kogers was in the Biftop's prifon fourteen weeks together, and was fo pinched with cold, hunger, and Iron^, that after his coming out of prifon he was fo lame, in his back -, that he could never go upright , as long as he lived. - Ai. 1 506. Thoynai Chafe of Amer^icM, (was after other fore afflifti- ons ) ftrangled in the prifon at Wooburn, who to cover their cruelty gave it out that he had hanged himfelf, and in colour thereof caufed his- body to be buried by the High-way's fide, with a flake knockt in- to his grave.' One Thomas Novice was burnt at Norwich, Anno 1507. 2inA- Laurenee Gleji uSarsm, at whofe burning William R/i/>/ was burnt in the Cheek. After this a Godly-woman was burnt atSadbmj by the Chancellor of Gloeefier, Doftor Whittington,iktx fbe was burned, as the people were returning- homeward, a Bull brake loofe from a Butcher that was in hand to have krlled-him, and fingled out Doftor Whittington from all the Company ; and ("hurting neither old nor young) took him alone, gored him thorough and thorough, carrying his guts upon his horns all the ftreetsover, to the great amazement of the people. AH the Ar«ars of mony due to the Pope for pardons in the year of fiibilee, five years fince were fully coUefted, and fafely returned to Rome by the Popes Officers: the money which was fent laft thither,- " ,-; came foon enough to be received there. This payment was thelaftin this kind vihkh Rome did generally receive out oi England. Mcan-- time the King did fhare with the Po^e, to connive at the reft, he had a part allowed to him. Svc mkh. sn- King Hf /Try VII. died of a Confumption at his palace of Richmond ^^ %rtChron. April 22-. 1508. Of our own Country there lived in his time, 6'far^e Kipley. a Carmelite Friar of Bofion, who wrote divers Treatifes in the Mathematiques. fohn Reufe, born in Warwick:jhire, a diligent fearcher of Antiquities. ThemM Scroop entred into diverfe Orders of Religion, and after with- drew himfelf to his houfe, where for twenty years he lived the life of an Anchoret ; and after coming abroad again was made a Bifhop in Jre- la7id, and went to Rhodes in Ambaffage ; from whence being returned be went barefooted up and down in Nor/e/i^ teaching the ten Coramand- mfnis, and lived till near an hundred years ©Id. Now alfo lived Ko- bert ».. ni»«Mii .iiMii m ill I i i i^M ■■ I — tljCC!jttrCl)Ot Great Britain. 141 hen Fabian, a Sheriff of London, and Hiftoriographer. Edmend Dud- ley, who wrote a book Entitled, u4rbor Rei^ublica. John 'Bockingham, an Excellent School-man. And William BlackneyD.D. a Carmelite Friar, and a Necromancer. Henry viii. fuccecded his Father. On fme 3. He was Married to the Lady Katherine Dowager, formerly wife to his brother Prince Arthur deceafed. Fo^e Juliia by his difpenfation, removed all ob- ftrudions, againft theLawsofGodorman, hindering or oppoling the faid Match. Cruelty ftill increafed on the ipoot Lollards C as they were called) after abjuration forced to wear the fafliion of a Faggot wrought in thread, or painted on their fleevcs as long as they lived, it being death to put on their clothes without that cognizance. Tlieir cafe was fad, if they put it off, they muft be burned, if they put it on, they muft be ftarved ^ for none generally would fet them on work that wore that badge. Ori this account were Ws///<«»; Sweeting, and James Brewfter re-imprihmd. In vain did Brnvfier plead, that he was commanded to leave off his badge, by the Controller of the Earl of Oxford's houfe. And as little did Sweet- ing's plea prevail, that the Parfon o^Mary Magdalen's in Cdehefier, cau- fed him to lay his faggot afide. Soon after they were both burnt together in Smithfieldy Anno 1511. One John Brown, who had born a faggot before in the days of King Henry the Seventh, was burned at Ajliford in Kent for the Profeflion of the Truth, condemned by Archbifhop Warham, iirfl having had his Feet burned to the Bones, to compel him to deny the Truth. Richard Hunn, a wealthy Citizen of London, imprifoned in Lollards- Tower, for adhering to Wickliff's Doftrine, h&d his neck therein fecret- ly broken. To cover their cruelty, they gave it out, that he banged himfelfon December 20. 1 5 14. the dead Body of the faid Richard Hunn was burnt in Smiihfield Sixteen days after he was murdered. But the matter having been fully examined by the Council and Judges, and Jufti- ces of the Realm, it was evidently proved, that Dr. Horfey the Chan- cellor, Charles fojefh the SuiTfiner, and John Sf aiding the Bel^ringcr had committed the Murder. Thomas Man and John Stileman , were alfo burned in Smithfictd. Thomas Man confeffed, he had converted Seven hundred from Popery to the Truth. J?o/;£rt Ci3/»« was alfo condemned, and burned at ^«ci(^- inghitw, for holding againfl: Pilgrimages, Confelllon to Priefts, and Wor- fliipping of Image. Chrifiopher Shoomaker wzs burned it Newberyvpon the like account. Cardinal Bainbrigg, Archbifliop oiXork., being then at Rome^ was To highly offended with Rivaldw de Modena, an Italian, his Steward, that he cudgelled him : but being foon after poifoned, his Body was bu- ried in the Englifli Hofpital at R.o?nf, Richard J 142 XDe tiEori? of F,i'/nXhurch i Richard Fo\', Billiop of Witichefier, FoiKided and Endowed Corpus K]ft. ' ~ , Chrifti-Colledge in Oxford, beftowing thereon Lands to the yearly value of Four hundred and one pounds, eight (hillings and two pence. There are maintained in it a Piclidenr, Twenty Fellows, Twenty Scholars, Two Chaplaii'.s, Two Clerks, and Two Chorifters, befides Officers and Servants of the Foundation, with other Students. Hugh Oldhavi, Biihop of Exeter, was a great Benefaftor to this Colledge. reirhs Clvjr. udnno 1 5 19. died fohn Colet at Shene in Surrey, he had learned humane Bift. Sciences at home, and travelled into Fr^wf and Italy: when he retur- ned, feftudied the Scriptures, and expounded St. P^iwfs Epiftles pub- lickly atOA./7ds , the King's ConfefTor, and he infinuated the fame into the King's Confcience. King Henry greedily refented the motion •, and principles of pure Confcience puts him uponendeavoijrsof a divorce. The biiOnefs is brought into the Court- of .^ow, there to be decided by Pope Ckmetn theSeventh. ■ But the Pope at this time was a prifoner to the Emperor, who conftantly kept a guard aibout him: Yet after -fjme delay, the Pope difpatched a Commiffion to two Cardinals, Wol- fey and Ca'^-psgius , an Italian, to hear and determine the matter at London. The Pope draws back the caufe unto himfelf, and the King being impatient, having the confent of both Univerfities, as.alfo.of that oi Paris , he . fprfakciii. Katharine y_ and. Marrieth Anna Bolen, Anna 1-533. :"s35il} , uolrnt; ■'•.i.i,.:'iu-)- 1 . : >i\\ ^u^,. jd v-iy^ And in theydar 15?^. he -^enieth obedience to rhe Pope, atid chargeth all his Subjefts, that they fend no Money unto Rome, -nor pay Peter-fence unto any of the Collectors, which vexeth the Roman Court, , Then he publiilied an Edict , whereby he declares himfelf under ■ Chriftj The fn_i>reme Head of the Church, of England, and chargeth up- on pain of Death, that no manafcribe any Poyver to the Pope within England, t!}e CljttrCl) of Great Britain. 145 ■EngtanA, and comraandeth all the Colleftors of Peter-peme to be gone, Jhefe things were confirmed by the Parliament, who alio enaded, ThM the Archbijbof of Canterbury flioHld invefi all the Bijhops ef England, and •that the Church-men paH pay to the King yearly one hundred and fifty thsu" fand pounds for defence efth'e Kingdom. Wolfey was accufed in Parliament for exercifing his power Legantinc without leave , to the prejudice of the King's Crown and dignity. Mr, Cromwel, Servant to the Cardinal, being aBurgefs, defendeth his Malkr : yet were all his goods of ineftimable value confifcated to the King, and he outed of moft of his Ecclefiaftical promotions. His ene- mies get the King to command him away to York., leaving him the whole revenues ot 2*eri^Archbiflioprick ( then worth little lefs than four- thoufand pounds yearly ) befides a large penfion paid him out of the Bi- flioprick of Winchefier. i' As he was preparing there in a Princely Equipage for his Inftallation, he is Arretted by the Earl oi Northumberland, by Comraiffion from the King, in his own Chamber at Cawood. By flow and fliort Journeys he fetteth forward toward Lon- don, and coming to Leicefter he died, where he was obfcurely bu- ried. Then John Fijher, Bilhop of Rochefier, was imprifoned for refufing the Oath of Supremacy. The Clergy in the Province of Tor\ did a longtime deny the King's Supremacy. Edward Zef, Archbilhop of Tork^, fomented this difference. He was a virulent Papift, one that wrote againft Erafmw, and' a perfecutor of Proteftants, witnefs ']ohn Bale, Convented before him for fufpition of Herefie, whoin vainplea- .dcd Scripture, in his own defence, till at lafthe cafually made ufe of a diftindion out of Scotm, whicli the Archbifliop more valued, than all which he had before more pertinently alledged out the Old and New Teftamenr. The King wrote a fair and large Letter to the Convocation of Torkj claiming nothing m6re than what Chriftian Princes in the Primitive times affumed to then>felves in their own Dominions , fo that it feems he wrought fo far on their affedions, that at laft they confented thereunto. ■Soon after the Clergy in the Convocation fo fubmitted themfelves to the King , that each one feverally promifed , in vcrbo Sacerdotis, never henceforth to prefume to Alledge , Claim, or put in uie any new Canons, unlefs the King's mod: Royal afTent might be had un- to them J and foon after the fame was ratified by Aft of Parlia- ment, After the Statute of Pra-numre vizs made (which did much reftrain the Papal power, and fubjed it to the Laws of the Land ) Archbifliops called no more Convocations by their fole and abfolute command, but U at 1 4.6 %l)e ^moxv of at the pleafareof the King, as oft as his neceffiries and occafions with fbc diftreffes of the Church did require it. Yea now their meetings were by vertue of a Writ or Precept from the King. For, it was Enafted in the Parliament of the twenty fifth, of Henry the Eightj That all Convocations Jhall be thenceforth eaSed by the King's fiiif offfi« 8 ^'^^^^' ^"^ ^^^^ *'" ^^^^ nothing Jhall be fromulged -jWre,, fov denying the Sacrament of the Altar. In the year I $32. Robert King, Nicholas Marfli, and Robert Gardi- ner , men of Dedham, and one Robert Debnam , had overthrown and burned the Rood of Dover^court, ten miles from Dedham : for which fad, half a year after, they were hanged in Chains. King zxBpirchet'm Dedham, Debnam at Catf^rvay-ciwfey, Marjh at ^ver-court. Gardiner efcaped and fled. Many Images were caft down, and deftroyed in many places. As the Crucifix by Coggcjlid in the High.way. St. Petronel in the Church of Great Harksleigh •, St. Chrifiofher by Sadbury • St. Petronel'm a Chappel by Iffwich: K\[o John Seward, oi DeMoan, overthrew a Crofs in S/oV- fark^, ai?d took, two Images ouo of a Chappel in the fame Park, and caft them into the water. U 2 John 1 48 Xfte ^iixoiv of John Frith, who was firft a Stodent in C^w^/W^e, and aftewardoneof thofe whom Cardinal Wolfey. gathered together to furniHi his new Col- ledgCj was condemned by theBiftiopof Louden, znd. v/is burnt in Swir/;- field. Great was his learning, gravity and conftancy, though bat fix and twenty years of age. With Frith jvas Andrew Hewet burnedj after he had given teftimony to the truth* '/v;,'. j,. Thomm Benet, a Schooltnafter, of 'fifty years of age, born^in Cam- bridge, was barned at iArfffff. Divers others were condemned to per- petual prifoB. Daring the time of Queen Anne, no great persecution, nor abjura- tion was in the Church of England. Sir Thomas^ Moore , Dodor Nicholas Wilfon, and Bifliop f //6fr, re- fufed theOathto the Aft of Sacceffion, made ^««o 1534. and Sir Tho- mas Moor, and Doftor Wilfon, were alfo fent to the Tower. The Do- ftor dilTembled the matter, andfo efcaped, but the other two remained obflinate. - On November the third this Parliament was again afierabled, in which the Pope and^Cardir>aIs with his Pirdons and Indulgences, were wholly abolifhedr to the abolition of which, and to the ratifying of the King's Title of Supreme Head, Stephen Gardiner gave his Oath; fodid fohn Stokejley, Bifhop oi London, Edward Lee, Krc\\b\i\wpoiTork^, Cuth' i>ert, Biilwpoi Burham, and all the reft of the Bifhops in like fort : to this Title alfo agreed the fentence of the Univerfity of .Cambridge. Ed- mond'Bdnner, then Archdeacon of .Z/ertre^*/-;' was alfo of the fame judg- mmr. ' ' ' '-:) ■ ' ''^ ' ■ ■''- '^ ' '''■■' ' To this alfoagreed the whole Clergy of the Church of England, and fubfcribed with the hands of the Bifhops, and other learned Men, to the number of forty fix Doftors of Divinity, and of both Laws. Polydor firgil, who being fent into Engla-nd, had been the Pope's CoUeftor General of the Peter-fence, exafting them in the notion of a Rent and Tribute due to the Pope ^ his Mafter, was made Archdeacon of Taunton, andDignitairybf the Cattiedral Church of IW//, on the Quire whereof he beftowed Hangings flourifhed with the Lawrel-tree , and- wrote upon fbem. SiintFdydorimKneraVirgilii. He wrote a Latin Hiftory of Britain, until the year of our Lord 153 jj oiu of many rare Manofcripts whijch he had collefted together. ^~no 1533, John Fijher, Bifliop of Rochefter, Was beheaded, foon after the Pope had made him Cardinal of St. Vitalis. He was-Chaplain and ConfefFor to the Lady Margaret, Countefs of Richmond, at whofe Infliance, and by whofc advice, flie founded, and endowed Chrifi's and St. fohfis Colledge in Ca>nbridge. ■ He died inthe fevcnty. feventh year of his Age^ ©n Jane zz^. tl)e Cl)tttC!) of Great Britain. 149 Sir Thomas Moor was beheaded the nexr month after Bifliop Filbert and was buried at Chelfey. He was a great Enemy to the Proteftants. Gn June the eighth began a Parliament, which was diffoived on /«-. ly the eighteenth following. A parallel Convocation began tiie day after, wherein the Lor (iCromwel, Prime Secretary, fate in State above all the Bifliops, as the King's Vicar, or Vicegerent General in all Spiritual mat- ters. Deformi fatis jpeBactilo f faith ^liho^ Godwin) ifido^o Laico '^"^^'"^ CcetHt Prajidente Sacrater/tm Antiftitum, omnium, qttos ante hac tempora .°"^ ^' g Anglia unqiiam hahmjfet, doSliJfimorum. But the Lord Cromwel had in . ' Power and Policy what he wanted in Learning. In that Convocation the faid Lord tendered unto them an Inftrument to be publickly figned by all the Convocation, concerning the nullity of the King's Marriage with the Lady Anna Bokn. Some ten day es before ArchbifhopCr^jK^cr had pro- nounced it invalid, fruftrate, andof noneeffc6\ati^»f^fr^. No parti- cular caufe is fpecified in that fentence. Sure lam! thereisnodafh- ing on the credit of the Lady, nor any the leaft infinuation of unchaftity. in that Inftrument. PrdicUra Domina, & Sereniffima Eegina, hc'ingihe worft Titles that are given her therein. King Henry got her Divorce- confirmed both by Convocation and Parliament. She was beheaded May 19. 1536. The King on the next day was married to thc'Lady lane Seymour. Soon after by little and little began the ruine of' the Abbeys and Reli- gious HoufeSjfor all Religious Houfes,whofe pofTeflions in yearly revenue exceeded not the fum of two hundred pounds, were fupprefTed and diffoU ved, and all their Sites and PofTeffions whatfoever were given for ever to the King. The Clergy alfo at the fame time, of their own accord, and to infinuatethemfelvesinto grace and favour with the King, compofed and publifhed in printed Books, certain Articles, for the ordering and govern- ing of the Church, in which mention was made of three Sacraments only, and the rert of them ( whichformer times did fuperftitioufly receive and maintain ) were left out of the faid Books. Thefe proceedings of the King and Clergy againft the Pope and Holy Church, were fo generally difliked by the rude and ignorant people, thatthey openly affirmed, that the King's Council irreligioufly direfted him amifs , and that the temporizing Clergy of the Land praAifed by all means pofTible, to extinguifli all Devotion, and utterly to fubvert all the ancient Rites, Ceremonies, and commendable Government of the Church. And the unruly people in Lincolnjhire,to the number of twenty thoufand, afTembled themfelves in Arms, taking upon themfelves to frame better Orders for the governing of the Church and Common- wealth. Bu.t the King approaching near them with an Army , they ran ■. , • away, and Doftor Mackarel, their Ring-leader, with forac others, wete.- Jfhortly after apprehended and executed. . Then ^ \ 150 ..— xiotimoiv of J Then there^srofe another Infurredion in the North, and the number of thofe Rebels exceeded the number of forty thoufand men, who termed themfelves. The holy Vilgrims, who intended nothing, but the eftablilh- ing of true Religion, and the reformation of great abufes, which defa- ced the Government of the Church. The King's Array drawing near ( upon the faithful promife of the Dukes of Norfolk., and Si^lk. , that commanded his Army, that the King fliould pardon them) the Rebels l^t the field , and quietly departed to their own houfes. Now the King waxed mort abfolute in his Government, efpcciaUy concerning his Clergy, and the ordering of the Church. William Tindal, who tranflated the New Teftament in Englifh, and the five Books of Afofes, with many other godly Works, was burned at the Town of Filford in FUnnders, by vertue of the Emperor's Decree, made in the Affembly at ^Hshnrgh. He was firft flrangled, and after confumed with fiie. Ac the Stake he cried with aloud voice, Lordopea the Kif!g of Enghnd's eyes. The King began with a little Book of Articles, for the inftruftion of the people, bearing this Tide , Articles , devifed by the King s Highnefs, to efiablij}] Chrijiian quiet and unity among the people. It contained the Creed, three Sacramen's, Baptifm, the Eucharill, and Penance, how Images might fafely be worfliipped, and how Saints departed ought to bc- reverenced • that the Parfons fliould teach their people,that Chrift is their only Mediator, and how the Ceremonies of holy Water, holy Bread, Candles, o-c. fliould without fuperftition be ufed. It took away alfo the abufes which arofe upon the imagination of Ptu-gatory , as Maffes for Souls departed. Pardons, e^c. Not long after thefe Articles, certain other Injundions were alfo given out about the fame year .- whereby a number of Holy-dayes were abrogated, efpecially fuch as fell in Harveft- time. Other Injunftions were alfo given out by the King concerning Images, Relicks, and blind Miracles : for abrogating of Pilgrimages. Alfo for the Lord's Prayer, Creed, and ten Commandements, and the Bible to be done into Englifli. y^nno 1538, the Parfons of Churches, and the Parifhes together, were bound to provide in every Parifti Church a Bible in Englifli. Alfo for every Parifliioner to be taught by the Minifter, to underftand and fay the Lord's Prayer and Creed in their own vulgar tongue, with othernecef- fary Injunctions, as for the free preaching of the Word of God, againft Images, Pilgrimages, Avies, Suffrages of Saints, c^c. and for aRe- gifter- book to be kept in every Church. This year was Friar forrefi burned quick , hanging in Chains in Smthfidd, for denying the King's Supremacy : with this Forreji was DarveiGatheren, an abominable Idol of Wales, burned. ?ris OtSc" Great was the King's profit at this time from the Office for thereceipt firft fee upia of Tenths and Firft-fruits, which was now firft fet up in London. Such Londi!!. moneys tl)e Cl)ttrCl) of Great Britain. 151 moneys were formerly paid to the Pope, who had his CoUeAors in every Diocefsj which fometiracs by BiUs of Exchange, but generally in f^ecit ( to the great impoverilhing of the Land ) yearly returned the Tenths and Firft-fr uits of the Englilh Clergy to B.ome. The Pope being now dead in England, the King was found his Heir at Common Law, as to moftof the power and profit the other had ufurped. But now as the Clergy had changed their Landlord, fo their Rents were new rated, Commiffioners being employed in all Counties ( the Bifliop of the Diocefs being alwayesoncof them) to value their yearly Reve- nue, that fo their Tenths and Firft-fruits may be proportioned accord- ingly. Thefe Raters were the chiefeft in all Counties under the degrees of Barons, Thefe Commiflioners were impowred by the King, to fend for the Scribes and Notaries of all Bilhops and Archdeacons, to fwear the Re- fHlkr.Cmxch. ceivers, and Auditors of Incumbents, to view their Rcgifter-books, Ea- hiftory. fler-hooks, and all other Writings, and toufcall other wayes.to know the full value of Ecdefiaftical preferments, with the number and names of perfons enjoying the fame. They were to divide themfelves by Three indThree, allotting to every number fo many Deaneries, and to enquire the number and names of all Abbies, Monafteries, Priories, Brother- fhips, Sifterlhips, Fellowfljips, &c. Houfes Religious and Conventual, as well CHAR TE R-H OVSE as others ( thefe Cmhufians being fpecified by name, becaufe pretending priviledge of Papal exemption J and meeting together to certifie into the Exchequer ( at the time limited in their Commilfion ) the true value of luch places or preferments. This work took up fome years in the effeding thereof; Devou-Jliire and Sommerfet were done in the twenty feventh; Stafford-Jliire, and ma- ny other Counties, in the thirty fourth year of King Henry the Eighth, and moft of Wales not till the Reign of King Edward the Sixth. In Ire- /'^^™"'for I read, that four Anabaftifts, three Men, and one Woman, all ^■^'' ' Dutch, bear Faggots at Paul'i Crofs, and three ^ayes after a Man and Woman, ef their Sed, were burnt in Smith^sld. 'The tl)e CljtttClJ of Great Britain. iS5 The King liked not Anne oi Cleeve. whowasa very vertuous Lady, but in her councenance notw&li compofed, fair, nor lovely. Somefe- tninine impotency was objeded againft her, though only her precontraft with the Son of the Duke of Lorrain was publickly infilled on , for which, by Ad of Parliament now fitting, flic was folemnly divorced. And theBifhops and Clergy of this Land, in their folemn Convocation, pubiiflied an authentical Inftrument in writing, under the Seals of the two Archbi/hops, That the King's Marriage with the [aid Lady Anne of Cleve woi void, and of none effect. From thenceforth the King frowneth upon the Lord Cromml. Then the fix Articles, called by forae. The bloody Statute, by others. The Whip with fix firings, by the perfwafionof B'lfhop Gardiner ( in defiance of Archbifliop Cranmer, and the Lord Croww^/, oppofing it) wasenaded, being I. That in the Sacrament of the Altar , after Confeeration , no fub- ftance of Bread or Wine remaineth^ hut the natural Body and Blood of ehriji. I I. That the Communion in both kinds is not necejfary, ad faluteni, by the Law of God to allperfons. III. That Priefts, after Orders received, may not marry by the Latt of God. I V. That Vows of Cafiity ought to be obferved. V. That it is meet and necejfary, that private Maffes be admitted and continuedinChurches. VI. That Auricular confejfion mnji be frequented by people, as necejfa- ry to Salvation. The Lord Cromwel'wsLS foon after arrefted, and ten dayes after hisAr- reft, he was attainted of High-treafon in Parliament, and he, with the Lord fJongerford, the next week after, was beheaded on Tower-hill. After the execution of the Lord Cromwd, the Parliament ftill fitting, a motiy Execution happened in Smithfield : three Papifts hanged by the Statute, for denying the King's Supremacy, viz.. Edward Powd. Thomai Abley. Richard Fetherfion. And as many Proteflancs burned at the fame time and place, b}^ vertue of the fix Articles, viz.. Robert Barnes, Doftor of Divinity. Thomas Gerard,') ^.11 c t^- • • jxrn- n ' J'Batchclors of Divinity. William jerom, J ' X 2 -X'^r, \^6 %^^mmtii This was caufed by the difference of Religions in the King's Privy Council, wherein the Popifli party called for the execution of thefe Pro- teflanrs, whilft theProteftant Lords in the Council, cried as faft, that the Laws might take effefl: upon the Papifts. A Stature Jn the Parliament a Statute was made, commanding every man, Fullyl made for the truly, andeffeBiially to divide, fet out, yield, or ^ ay all and fngdar Tithe f recovery of (indOjferi77gs, according to the lawful cnfiams and ufages of the Parities S2lto!8.f.7. ^"d places where fucb Tithes, or Duties, fhnllgrow, arife, cow, or be due. And remedy is given for Ecdefiaftickperfons before the Ordinary ; and for Lay-men, that claimed appropriated Tithes by grant from the Crown, in the fecular Courts, by fuch Aftions, as ufually Lay-poffef- lions bad been fubjed: to. This Statute, in favour of Lay- impropria- tors, was beneficial to the Clergy, to recover their Predial Tithes at Common Law. A Statute alfo was made, That it was lawful for all per fans to contraB marriage, who are not prohibited by the Law of God : for after the time-of 'Po^e Gregory , other Popes did not only forbid the marriage of Coufin- , ,., Germans, but other degrees farther off, thereby to get money for Dif- '^ - penfations. ■ .^.,.\A'*,■■5.. This Law came feafonably to comply with King Henry's occafions, who had the firft-fruits thereof, and prefently after mar^:ied Katherine. Howard, Coufin-german to Anna Bolen, his fecond Wife, which by the Canon-law formerly was forbidden, without a fpecial Difpenfation firft obtained. In the third Sellion of the Convocation at St. PWs feveral Bifliops were affigned to pernfe feveral Books of theTranflationof thenewTe- ftament. Cranmer ftickleth for the Univerfities approbation. The Parliament, Anno 1544. mitigated the fix Articles; for it was ;■; required, that all Offenders iliould firft be found guilty by a Jury of •^^v^ twelve men, before they fliould fuffer. Annoi$^$. began the laft Parliament ia this King's Reign, wherein- many things of confequeneewereena Chancellor, Lord Paget, znd Sadler , zn&ThomasCranmar Archbilhop of CanttrloHry. The Patrons of Popery were, the Biflwp of Wltichefter and Burhnni^ theDukeof AV/tf/l^, and Earl o? Sourhavipton, Anthony Brown, Wil- liam Pawlet, John Baker , Richard Chancellor of the Augmentation, FTj^c^^e/^ Vice-chancellor. Four and twenty were Executed for Traitors, in the time of King Hen- ry, for thecaufe of Supremacy. Adam Damlip, who before had efcaped, and lay hid in the Weft- countrey, teaching a School about a year or two, by the miferable In-- quifiiion of the fix Articles, was again taken and brought up to London, \;\\zxz^^tw^%\i^ Stephen Gardiner commanded to the Marflnl-fea, and after two years fpace he was Condemned and Executed for Treafon. One Henry was burnt at Colchejier, and one Kerby at Ipfivleh, for the Teftimony of the Truth. In the year 1546. in y«»f, Anne Ajiicough, alihs Kyme, Daughter of Sir Wijlium AflocoMgh of Kelfey in Lincoln- (hire, of the age of 25. years, whofe Wit, Beauty, Learning and Religion, procured her much efteem on the Queens fide of the Court, and as much hatred from the Popilli Bifljops, was burned for the profeflion of the Truth, in Smithfield, with three men, Nicholas Belevian, Priefl of Shrop-fliire., fohn Lacels, Gentle- man of the houfhold of King Henry the Eighth, and John Adams a poor Tailor of London. Her feveral examinations penned by her felf are extant in Mr. f OAT. Then began the troubles of Queen Katherine Parr, whom the King had married fome two years fince. She was one of great piety, beau- ty, anddifcretioD : next to the Bible, flie ftudied the King's difpolition, obfervinghimtoherutmoft: yet fometimes fhe would prefume to dif. courfe with the King about points of Religion, defending the Proteilanc Tenets by Scripture, and fometimes would hold up the King very clofe hard at it. This difpleafed him, who loved loofenefs and liberty in his Clothes, Arguments, and Aftions, and was quickly obferved by Gardi, ner, and others, the Queen's enemies. Hereupon C^^^za^r drew up Articles againft her, and got ihem fub" fcribcd with the King's own hand, to fend her to the Tower. But Chancellor Wriothejley put the paper of thofe Articles in his own bofom, whichcafually fell out, was taken up by one of the Queen's Servants, and brought to the Queen, who on her ficknefs and fubmiflion to the King, obtained his Pardon , Signed and Sealed unto her with many kifles and embraces. And her enemies that came to attach her , were fent back with the Taunts and Threats of the enraged King agxinft thens. King Henry made his Will, and died a raoneth after, and was buried at Windfor. ' " " Aftei: Sit John Hiy- After the Death of King //^«ry/fucceeded King Edward his Son, wj)YrsHi(l.Qf being fcarce ten j'ears old^ full of as much Worth as the model of his K. Edw.6. Age could hold. He attained not onely commendable Knowledge, but fpeech in the Greek, Spanifh, and Italian Languages, having always great Judgment in raeafuring his Words by his Matter ; his Speech be- ing alike, both fluent and weighty, fuch asbeftbefeemed a Prince. As for Natural Philofophy, Logick, MuOck, Aftronomy, and other Libe- ral Sciences j his perfedions were fuch, that the great Italian Philofo- pher Cardan, having tafted him by many Conferences, feemed to be aftonifhed between admiration and delight, and divulged his abilities to be miraculous. Thefe his acquirements, by induftry, were very much enriched and en- larged by many excellent Endowments of nature ;, for in difpofition he was mild, gratious, and pleafant, of an heavenly wit j in Body beauti- ful, but efpecially in his Eyes, which feemed to have a Starry livelinefs and luftre in them. Generally he feemed to be, as Cardan reported of him, A /Miracle of Nature. Becaufe he was young, he was committed to fixteen Governours, the Lord Edward Seimour, Duke of Sommerfef, his Unckle, was affigned unto him Protedor, by whofe endeavour the fix bloody Articles forc- ; mentioned were abolifhed. ^-a>,- .j-j^-^ Y^ug reftored the holy Scriptures in the Englifh Tongue, he abolilhed Maffes, and fuch as were banilhed were received home, as John Hoofer, Miles Coverdale, dec. He changed moft parr of the Bi- fliops ©f DiocefTes, and competled dumb Priefts to give place to thofe that would Preach ; he fuppreflcd Idolatry, refiored the Gofpel and worfliip of God, encouraged Godly Preachers , fent for Eminent Men, both for Learning and Piety, from beyond the Seas, to Teach in both Univerfities, viz.. Peter Martyr in Oxford^ and Martin Bucer, and Fanluf Fagins in Cambridge^ and was a Refuge to all the Godly that fled for Religion out of other Countries •, and therefore is called by Mel- Mdzh. Adi'"' chior jidar/i , SummiS Jpei Princeps, qui or/in:h ;if fiis ©" do^i^, Folanif, 11 vit. Germ. Geyjftanii, Gallis, Scotia, Italis, Hispauis., hesfitiu/n & patrocimttm de- r'leolog. ^^^^^ , ^ Prince of fingular hope, who gave proteftion and entertain- ment to all Godly and Learned Men, Po/o«2>.w, G"frw/iH/, iF?-f»cfc, Scots, Jtdians, Spaniards. In confideration whereof an eminent Martyr in Queen Maries days, in an effedionate Speech of His, before a Popilh Ferfecutor, cried our, BleffedbeGodforKingEdwzrd. This King was much enclined to Clemency, efpeciaJy in matters of Blood, and mod efpecially if i: were for Religion, infomuch, that albeit he was greatly affefted to that Religion wherein he had been brought up, yet none were executed in his time for other Religion, but oneJy two blafpheraousHereticks, fean Butcher, and George a Dutch-man. And when t^t CljUrdj of Great Britain. 159^ when loan Butcher W2S 10 be burned, alJ rhe Council conld not procure him to fee his hand to the Warrant : wherefore they employed Thomas Cranmert Arcbbidiop of Canterbury, to deal privately with him for his fubfcription. But the King remained firm in refolution, affirming, T/?^? he rvoit'.d not drive her heaalong to the DeviL The Arcbbiftiop was violent both by perfwafions and entreaties : and when with meer im- portunity he had prevaled, the King in fubfcribing his name faid, That he wouldlay all the charge t hereof upon the Archbijlwp before God. Then the Profeffors of the Gofpel were in all places relieved, and many Prifoners appointed to die, were enlarged and preferved : Onely Thomas Dohhy, Fellow of St. fohn's in Cambridge , committed to the Counter in Bred-flreet, and condemned for fpeaking againft the Maffe, died of a natural death in Prifon ; his fpeedy death prevented the par- don which the Lord Protedor intended to fend him. The Lord Protedor ordered all in Church and State. The King in his proteflion, took fpeedy order for Reformation of Religion, andhavina chofen Wife, and Learned, Men to be his Commiffioners in that behalf, divided them into feveral DJocefTes, to be vifired, appointing likewife unto every company one or two Godly Leained Preachers, to inftruft the people at every Seffion inthetrue Dodrine of the Gofpel. To thofe Commifiioners were delivered thirty fix Injundions, and Eccle- /iaftical Laws, which they Oiould enquire of, and aifo command in his Majefties name and behalf, all tending to the aboliniing of Popini fuper- ftition, and eftablifliing the Truth of the Gofpel. Belides which general Injundions, for the el^ateof the whole Realm, there were alfo certain others particularly appointed for the Bidiops onely ; whereby they were enjoyned to fee the other put in Execution ; belides others which did more particulary confirm them. Thefe In- jundions may be feen at large in the firft Edition of the u^ih andA'fonu- Futl.r. dnnch ments (fol. 684.) and you may read them in a fmoother Abftrad in ^'''^ory>P-37't Filler's Church Hiftory. Some Humiles were left with the Pariih- 573- Priefts, which the ArchbiOiop had compofed, not onely for the help of tmpreaching Minifters, but for the regulating and inftruding even of the Dr. V.Hdym Learned Preachers. Befides the points contained in the faid Injundions, Hirtory oi the Preachers, above mentioned, were more particulary inftrtided to per- E^W'°- fwade the people from Praying to the Saints, from making Prayer for the Dead, from Adoring of Itnages, from the ufe of Beads, AihesandPro- ceflions, from Mafs, Diriges , Praying in unknown Languages , and from other fuch like things, whereunto long cuftom had brought a Re» iigious obfervaiion. All which was done to this intent, That the people in all places being prepared by little and little, might with more eafe and lefs oppolition, admit the total alteration in the face of the Church, which w* intended ill due time to be introduced, While i6o , X!ie W^nv et" WhilethefeCommiQioners were occupied abroad, the King dedrng a Reformation, appointed a Parliament, iVoww^. 4, in the firlt year of his Reign, Anns iS47- wherein all Ads made before againft the Profeflbrs of the Truth were Abrogated. In the fame Parliament: al- foit was Decreed, 'That ths Sacrament (liouldbe mimfired to all under boihl^nds. Then alfo were Candles on Candlemas-day forbidden, and xAfljes on Ap-wednefday , according to the Popilh cuftom. About the fare time alfo all Images were taken away in moft places of the Kingdom. The firft who declared his averfncfs to the King's proceedings, was Dr. Stephen Gardiner, B^diop o{ Hinchefier, who flomaching his be- ing left out of the lift of the Council, appeared moreCrofs to all their doings than others of his Order : for which being brought before their LordOiips, they fent him Prifoner to the Fleet. Albeit Edmond Bonner, Biftop of London, at firft feemed to comply , yet at length he bewraied himfelf, by fuffi ing daily to be Sung the Apo- ftles Mafs , and dur Ladies Mafs, &c. in diveife of his Chappels in Paids, cLaking them with the name of the Apoftlts, and our Ladies Communions, whereof the Council being informed, caufed him to re- form theabufe. Sir Anthony Cook., and Sir fchn Geedfale, Knights ; "^ohn Goodfal, and ChriJIopher Ncvinfon, Dodors of the Laws^ and John Madexv, DocSor of Divinity, the King's Commiflioners, called before them the faid Ed- mofd Bonner, 'j ohn Royjlon, Poly dor Firgil, and many others of the Dignitaries of thefaid Cathedral, to whom the Sermon being done, and their Commifllon openly read , they miniftred the Oath of the King's Supremacy, according to the Statute of thirty one of King ^e»- ry the eighth, requiring them withal to prefent fuch things as needed to be reformed. Which done, they delivered to Bifliop Bonner a Copy of the Inj'undions forementioned, together with the Homilies fet forth by the King's authority, received by him with proteftation. That he weald obferve them, if they were rot contrary to the Lavf of God, and the Ordi- nances of the Church. But afterwards he revoked his proteftation, and humbly fubmitted himfelf to his Majefties pleafure. Yet for a Terror to others, B'fiiop Bonner was committed to the Fleet. Duiing the fliort time of his reftraint ( viz.. Septemb. 18. ) the Litany was Sung in the Englifli Tongue in St. Paul's Church, between the Quire and the High Altar, the Singers kneeling half on the one lide, and half on the other. And the fame day theEpiftle and Gofpel was alfo read at the High Mafs in the Engli/h Tongue. And in November next following ( Bifliop Bsnner being then reftored to his former liber- ty ^ the Image of Chrift, then ca\kd the Food, and all other Images in Ehat Church, as alfo in all the other Churches of London were taken down. And in fpeeding of this work, as Biftiop Bonner', together with the tI)CCl)ttrCl) of Great Britain. i6\ the Dean and Chapter , did perform their part in the Cathedral of St. Paul; fo BelUjjere, Archdeacon of Colchefier, and Doftor Gilbert Bourn ( being at that time Archdeacon both of London and Ejfex ) were no lefs dihgent in doing the like in all the Churches of their re- fpeftive Jurifdidions, according to the charge impofed upon them by his Majefiie's Vifitors. The firft Tranflation of the Bible was fet forth in the Reign of King Henry the Eighth , Anno 1541. with a Grave and Pious preface of Archbi/liop Cranmer, and Authorized by the Kings Proclamation, Da- ted May 6. Seconded alfo with Inftrudions froiti the King. It wai called the Bible of the greater Volume. Few Countrey-pariflies could go to the coft of them, though Biftiop Bonner czukd fix of them to be chained in the Church of St. Pauls in convenient places. The fecond Tranflation of the Bible was fet forth in the Reign of King Edward the Sixth, and not onely fuffered to be read by particu- lar perfons, but ordered to be read over yearly in the Congregation, as a principal part of Divine Service. Two Editioas there were thereof, one fet forth 1549. the other 1541. but neither of them divided into verfcs. The third Tranflation of the Bible was fet forth in the fecond year of Queen Eliz^abeth. The laft Tranflation was again reviewed by fome of ^'^^."'^ '" the mod Learned Bifliops (appointed thereunto by the Queen's Com- Librar^v^"'^*"' miflllon ) whence it took the name of the Bifl^iops Bible, and by the Queens fole commandment Reprinted. Then diverfe Proclamations wereifliied out in the King's name, rela- ting to Ecclefiafl:ical matters, in the four firft years of his Reign, among which there was a Proclamation inhibiting Preachers, Anno [ecmdo, Edvpardi fexti , whereof this was the occafion. Certain Popifli Preachers, difaffefted to the King's Government, in their Sermons de- clared, That the King intended to lay flrange exa^ions upon the people. To prevent further mifchief, the King ordered by Proclamation, That ^none Jlionld Preach except Licenfed under the Seals of the Lord Pro- teHor, or Archbijliop of Csimerhmy . At this time many Popifli Pul- pits founded the Alarum to Kets Rebellion, and the Devon-fliire Com- motion. There was alfo a Proclamation for the payment of the late Incumbents ofColledges, and Chanteries lately diffolved. Anno s. Edwardi fexti, A Prodamarion alfo for the Inhibition of Players, Aug. 6. The Parliament not long before, pafl'ed an Aft for Election of B-- fliops, andwliat Seals and llyles fliould be ufed by Spiritual perfons: in which it wai Ordained. That Bifliops JJmuld be made by the King's Letters Patents, a id not by the eliflion of the Deans and Chapters. Y That i6z X!)e!^tito^p of That all their Procejfes and Writings .Jhiuld be m.tde- in ths .King's fidme onely, with the BilhopsTsU^ aided to it, and feaUd with ao other Si'tl bat the King's, or fuch as [fjoiiU be aathoriz.ed and appointed by him, HyiiiUiiL The Intent of the Gontrivei-s of this Ad (faith Dr. Heylin) was ^dw. 6^ to weaken the authority of the Epifcopal Order,' by forcing them from their ftrong-hold of Divine Initituiion, and miking chierano other than the King's Miniiters onely.. And of. this A.ft faeh ufe was made, that theBifhopsof ihofe times were 'laM in aj.capaeityjof. conferring Orders, but as they were thereunto iropawered by fpecial Licenfe, The Tenonr whereof was (if Sunders may be believed) in thefe words following, viz.. The King to fuch a Eijhop, Greeting. Whereai all andiaU mamier ^f JuriJdiElion, as we/l Ecclefiajfi'dAl as Civil, fimcsfrorii the King, as - ,^\ fro'rt the Sitpi-eme Head.of all the Body, &c. We therefore give and grant to Thee full Power and Licenfe, to continue during our good ' fleafure , for holding Ordination within thy Biocefs of N. and for promoting fit per f on s. unto holy Orders , even, to that of the Prieji' hood. - .-."; ■_. ■ . ;■••■ ■ - . : 1 ■ ; • ;:'■;■!;;'.■ T -..i 'j _ / Queen Mary caufed this Aft to be repealed iii the, firfl: year of her :~ Heign, leaving the Bifliops to depend on their former . Claim, and to Ad all things which belonged to their Jurifdidion in their own Names, and under their own Seals, as in former times. In wliich eilate they hav6 .cominiied without any; legal interriiption from that time to this. Dodor Nicholas Ridley was promoted to the Sec of Roehefter , to, which he had been nominated by King He-nry the Eighth-, a man of great Learning, and well-fludied in the Fathers, and an excellent Preacher. Dodor Barlow was preferred to the Bifhoprick of Bath and Wells, The Comrnillioners atithorized to take away Images our of Churches, wereinraany places entertained with contempt and railing, and the far- ther they went ivom London the worfe they were handled : one of thera called Body,, as he was pulling down Images in Cornwall was ftabbed in the body by a Prieft. Many there were that then cried down all the obfervations of Days and Times, and particularly of keeping Lent: complaint whereof be- ing made by B\[hop Gardinerln nixfftt to the Lord Protedor, a Pro- clamation was fent out commanding all people to abftainfrora Flefh in the time of Lent, and the King's Lenten dyet was fet out, and ferved as in former times. Hugh Latimer having by the power of Cromwel, and his favour with the King, .been made Bifhop of Worcefter, ^;7^9 1535. continued in that See, dll on the fir ft of, ^^/y 1539; he chofe rather to relign the fame, than t\)Z CljUrClj.Of Ga-E-A-rBR-rxAiN. ■ "*• ^i^^^ tfiaii-feoHiaveahy ha-ndinijafling t'he-^feArt'ticies, t!ieii agitated ia tjie Coftvocati6n^ and confirmed by i'arliament : lull eight years he betook himfelf to the retirednefs of a private life. On New-years day lie Preached his firft Sermon at Pauls Crofs (the firft I mean after hh re- admiffion to his former Minillry) and two Lords-days after again in the fame place , and on ja-rmary 25. .fuch multitudes flocked to hear his Sermon , that being to Preach before the King the firft Friday in .Lef7t, a pulpit was placed in the King's privy Garden, where he might be heard of four times as many Auditors, as could have thronged into theCbappel. Which as it was the firft Sermon that was Preached in that place, fo afterward a fixed and ftanding Pulpit was ereded for the, like oecafions, efpeciallyfor Lent-ferihorts on the Sundays in the Afcer!;.^ noon, and liathfocdndnued ever Iince till thefe latter times. ; . ,'. At the return of the King's Commiffioners, difpatched throughout the Realm,. to take aSurvay of all Collcdges, Free-chappels, Chanteries, and Brotherhoods, in the firft place ( as lying neareft ) came in the freeChappel of SK.Stifhen, originally founded in the Palace at Wefimin- _^??"iand reckoned for the Ghappel Royal of the Court of £»^/^»^. Ihe WhblieFoundarioncorrf'iftedof thirty eight perfons.wz., one Dean, twelv.e Canons, thirteen Vicars, four Clerks, fix Choriftersjbefides a Verger, and one that had the charge of the Chappel. ThisChappel hath been fince fit- ted, and employed for an houfe of Commons in all times of Parliament. At the hmt- time alfo fell the Colledge, commonly called St. Martins U Grand, titvcAlderfgate'm Londm: the King gave the fame, with the, Libfertiesahd^precin^s thereof to the Church oi Wefiminfter. Theffc twb J 'St. Stephen's and Sr. MaYtin's, were the richeft of all the reft.'. ;^-'Then the Lord Proteftor being unfurniflied of a Palace proportiona- ble lb his Greatnefs, doubted not to find room enough upon the diffolu- tii^n of-theBilhoprick of Weflminflcr lately ere;d:cd,.to raife a Palace e^iiai ^b- his vaft dtfigns." « Which: coming to tfi^ cars oi Benson, the Bft- Abbbt, "arid ^ firft Tknn -of Weftminfier, he,- was willing to preferv.e tlit'Wholej-by partifig'fof the prefent with niore. than half of theeftate beibiigingtoit. ' And thereupon aLeafe is Qiadeof feventeen Manners, and gdod Farmes, lying almoft altogether in the County of G/oa- fiir^fov the Term of ninety nine years, .which was prefentcd to the, Ebird'-T&9»?«j'''Sty»**'»--,-' to jfervC' as an f addition to his Mannor, of, Sudley. Another preferit of -almoft. as .mahy Mannor s,, lying ip ;he; Counties of Glocejier, VM!(H(ffc/?f!>-i»and! H'erefdrd, was made for the like Term to Sir t'o/)^ Mafon,'(or the. cfe of the Lord Proteftor, which after the Duke^: fall t'jlme to Sir John. Boitm , principal Secretary- of Eftete,''iii thfe'tim'e <>f<:}u4etAiMwy^lvJ^heUsLnnoxiqfr,jflipy}3is^ alfo puClhto''thi Mlei ;'^0nf(^?red'i3^i''t}iit> jQhurchlby -Ki/ig jE4v,3>-4 the Q(!Aifi(r6r- 'wwliitllvtWb'hHiidi-ed -Tenants;6w^d their fojle and fei>;ioe , attiiit.beiH|'orte-bP'ttie''beft-''WoodedtHingsiia thole parti pf the .ReslruRi '■'■'-"■' Y 2 was -- i64 XDeJ^iftojpof was to be granted alfo without impeachment of waftc,as it was according- ly. Thus Benfon faved the Deanery, but fell into great difquietof mind and died a few moneths after. To whom fucceeded Doftor Coa-, being then Almoner to the King, Chancellor of the Univerlity oi Oxford, and Dean of Chrin--Cburch. Litlmr.scx. Bi/liop Z,^f«wer in his printed Sermons complaineth. That the Gcmn p. 58. 7i,pi, at that time invaded the profits of the Church, leaving the Title onely to the 1 «4. Incumhent ; and that ChAntery Priefts were put by them into fever al Cure:, tofave their fenjions ; that many Benefices were laid out in Fee-farmes, And for making of Gardens: and finally, that the foor Clergy being kept to fame forry pittances, were forced to put thimfelves intoGentlemens houfes, and there to ferve as Clerks of the Kitchln, Survey ours. Receivers, &c. All which Enormities, were generally connived at by the Lords and others who onely had the power to reform the fame, becaufe they could not queftion thofe who had fo miferably invaded the Churches patrimoay,, without condemning of themfelves. Stephen Gardinei-, Biihopoi Winchefier, having long lain Prisoner in- the Fleet was enlarged, and permitted to return to his Diocefs, where contrary to the proraife made at his enlargement, he flicwed himfeJf crofs to the King's proceedings in cafe of Images and other things, that he was fent Prifoner ta the Tower, where he abode till he was fet at liber- ty by Queen Mary, Notwithftanding the Krng's great care to fet forth one uniform order of Adminiftring the holy Communion in both kinds, yet among^the in- ferior Prieffes and Minifters of Cathedral and other Churches in this Realm, there arofe variety of Faftions in Celebrating the Communioa Service, and Adminiftrarion of the Sacraments, and other Rites of the Church, Some followed the Order of the King's proceedings : others patchingly ufed forae part of them onely v but many caufelefly contem- ning them all, would ftill continue in their former Popery, Moreover many of thofe who had been licenfed, appeared as adive in Preaching againftthe King's proceedings, as any of the unlicenfed Preachers had been found to be. Which being made known to the King, andthe ^.. ~ Lords of the Council, itwasadvifed, that a publick Liturgy fliould be drawn, and confirmed by Parliament, which was done. An. 1 548. and in the next year a penalty was impofed by Ad of Parliament on fuch who- fliould deprave, or negleft the ufe thereof. The King caufcd thofe Godly Bifliops, and other Learned Divines ( whom hehad formerly imployed indrawing up the order for the holy Communion ) to frame a publick Liturgy ,^ containing the order of Mor- ning and Evening Prayer, together with a Form of Miniftring the Sacra- rcents, and for the celebrating of all publick Offices in the Churches. This was done acccordingly : Some exception being taken at it by Mr. Calvin abroad,, and fomc zealots at home, the Book was brought. ander tl)Z CiJUrcD of Great Britain. 165 under a review, and by Statute in Parliament, it was appointed, it Ihould be faithfully pcrufed , explained , and made fully pcr- feft. And here take notice, that thofe who had the chief ftroke in this Af- fair, were before-hand refolved, that none but Englilh Heads or hands fliould be ufed therein. Calvin offered his afiiftance to Airchbifhop CtM' mer, as himfelf confefleth, but he refufed the offer. And though it was thought neceffary, for the better feafoning of both Univerfnies in the Proteftant Reformed Religion, that Martin Bucer, and Peter Martyr^ two eminent Divines of Forreign Churches, fliould be invited to come over, yet had the Liturgy paffed the approbation of the King and Coun- cil, if not both Houfes of Parliament before their coming. Which be- ing finilhed , they all fubfcribed it , except Doftor Day, BiJhop of Chichefier. Then in Parliament it was enafted , that all fuch pofuivc Eawes and Ordinances, as prohibited the marriages of Priefts, and pains and for- feitures therein contained, fliould be repealed. In this Parliament alfo it was enaded, that no perfon fliould from thenceforth take, or carry away any Tithe or Tithes which had been received or paid within the fpacc of fourty years next before the date thereof, &c. under the pain or forfeitue of the Treble value of the Tithes fo taken or carried away. To which a claufe was alfo added, enabling the faid Parfons, Vicars, ^e. to enter upon any mans Land for the due fetting out of his Tithes, and carrying away the fame without moledation. There alfopafliisd another Aft for Abftinence from flefli upon all fuch-. days, as had been formerly taken and reputed for fafting-dayes, mz. fall Fridays and Saturdays in the year, the time of Lent, the Ember- days,* the Eves or Vigils of fuch Saints, as had been anciently ufed for Fafts by the Rules of the Church. On Septemb. 5. 1548. Dodor Farrar'it was confecrated Bifliop of S. Davids, as Dodor Heylin no» tcth, and not in the year 1547. as Mr, fo;c makes it, nor in 1549. as Bifliop Godvfin faith. The Lord Proteftor pulled down two Churches, two Chappels, and three Epifcopal Houfes for the materials of the building of his new in^ tended Palace, called Sommerfet-houfe. About this time there arofe a fort of men, who were termed Gofpel- krs, againft whom Bifliop Uooper inveighcth, in the Preface to his Ex- podtion on the ten Commandments. Some Anabaptifts alfo difcoverfd themfelves. Some of the Chiefs of them were convented before the Archbifliop of Canterburyj and the Bifliop of Weftminjter, Doftor Cox Almoner to the King and others : and being convifted of their errours, fomeoftbemweredifminied only with an Admonition, forae fcnccnced " t» i66 . .. Ti "a'^]^S#lftO^F of ■ .,_. dtmned'ta bea^^ri}eit-Fagg!c^cs:a^■Sf:P^K^SICrols/:■•/i('^;v•^ - I'l'i-iil -'• Then brake forth two dangerous Rebellions, one in De'vonflnre^the other in Norfolk: That.ofjRfwowjJwre: was found to be .chiefly raifed Li tiiaio^eflance off heir ojLdReJiigion; jiiOn^'Whiif-un -Munday, being next d.a.y rfeef.thelii'Beisetcjfingpt: the i^^ublicli Liturgy,' fome;fevv5 of ciie.Pa- ffclhione^: q^ the /?ari(hT«>fvS^ii»^/»j>f^H;b©dyyandother.kind of rueat;,&jc., ■ ■ ; i ;,!..$ yi; _,;!.!.■. jijoTft.wliifjb'dfimand of rtMrsiheK-iag' tJiisiain{weredjrti'»?;i.; «bli for tfaa Mafs I affure yoii, no fmall ftudy nor Travel hath oeen fpeiiti.'bjriaH ^heT-f!a.;i'0e4iCtev§y,tbelreii):, .3nd/{o,ay thisiftB* fwer fatisfying not, they marched with all their fdrfc^ .to/the. fi.ege irXs, and. then fdrieedfthejil .with ; :grj^atr:flaughtec^f:o raift •theif((i^ge.!i After the iikefuccefs ia foirifi ibllawingjfightsrj tbeilidrd Ruffel enters;that City jm^AugMfi 6. ,H^heire.he1vas,,ijoy.fally receiveii by the half-ftarved pili'zens. , J^?7«,C«OTr^/e gave, pablick itfcmks ^toGodi feeith^oWidftry in t|ici y(fc*f; of \Extteri, lanAibbn afteciwas imade JtkeBitep;!th«r^Qfiiiif,',(niiA sir. il.-;// \:f; '^ ^^ Mlj^vii inMvxovui^ /.; AfunM, fGR^A-i -Britain. '167 ■' ^rmM,Beiry,^ '^lH]litdel^'a& Coffin we^^-' fifm 'i'Q\ LohdeHi and th^re executed. Six Popifh Priefls were hanged, and the Vi<'ai: oi.S.'t'homaf (one of the Grand Incendiaries) hanged on the top of his own Steeple, appar- relled inhisPoplQi Weeds, with his Beads at his Girdle.-' ,.; The Nm-folkj RebeflwnbFake'fbrtFvoH y^«;f« aoiJ.aiid'JtWat efpiecially for a grieyance about. Eqciofures. The Rebels had gotten one Kobert Kef, a tkhT4'mel^o{:Wlm6h.SM {^^ to •a Body of twenty tltoofithd/ftatitlg ihtmkhes'-it&Mo/iJlJB'ld'k'^t 'Mount 5arrfy, where they carried a face ( ^s it werej of Jultice and Religion; for they had one Comers,- afi^idle fellow, to' &e their Chapjain.'who jead Jfoleran Ptayers' to theni' Morhfn^ aM'EveTi?fi'^^5ermotis;'k!fo;the^; had often. And as for luftice'. tK^y-liad a^^'bericW, undfei^ ^a^¥eb ( which Tree was called' by^tncm/ii'j^d fatetlr'ever'firic'e'beencari^cl; ?^f Tree of Reformation) where iK?ff iifiiaFly'fate,"'and with hrrri two Companies 6f every Htihdred, whertce their Companies had bSen raifed; to hear com- plaints, and give judgement. T^hey fent certain complaints to the King; requiring he would fend k-'Hetra:M ti) thefn t(> give thetfi fatisfaAion. Thelfing returrie.d;'th;is'^Hfw^rV ' thkfiftO'cioM folfewirig'-he vivould talF a Pariiamerit, wh^Wifr/rh'^ii' com^lliHts flioUM be'heai-di'rfnd'theirgriei^' vattces'flipuld bef rWreffe'd- i^equWhg- thfetii; ih tli'^ meati-time- to lay' down Anns., and return to thdirfioafes,' and thereupon granting them a general pai^doVi. But'thi.s.not fathfying the feditious, hereupon they fiijft affauhed thfc Chybfj^ormeh,' took it, arid -made Thoma^Cod the' Mi^'pir%i''tithtiiA'h 'JHeir'fev'anK-'iAt; length-He! stncl' othets of the Gentry^ cfetained P'rffdheJs 'in kW's Camp; wfere '•ad'miticii' to theCoutiftii (jF the Rebels' fOr'the betlfereredlt thereof: ''■■'■' ■' ■ ' Bodof Matihnv 'Farker' f afceirward Archbifliop of Cdnterburyy gettirtg up into f/)fO;!j^(?/Re/om^/-zo;7, Preached to the Rebels of their Duty and Obedience, where his life was in danger, many Arrows being Shot at him. Conjiefyitt the Te Dink, during the Urigin^' whereof 'ihb' Doddr withdrew; an"d went t6 his owrt houfe'. ' " ' ^' ■'.••;A Williani'Par Marquefs' ofNortha»i,pto!i, 'whh' ihi'-JlOt'ds-'Shs^eld'wd' Wemwor-'th, Sir Anthony Denny ■, Sir'R^/pfcS^-^/er' and other perrons' of Honour, is fent to quell this Rebellion. But fuccefs failed them : the Lord Sheffield was barbaroufly butchered, S\t Thomas Cormvallis taken prifoner, and the City fired by the Rebels, but the clouds melting into tears pittying the Cities 'calamity, qtienchcd the flames, andtfheMaTqtieft^ quitting the fervite, rbt'timed to- j}ondon.'''''\'-^'"^'^ ■'•'' "' ^iain^.f'". i !! ' Then was John Diidtey'; 'Ezvl of \Vior\vich-Caftle> William his brother, on the Top ofWimond- ^ ham fteeple, nine of his followers on as many boughs of the Oak where Ket held his Courts, On Augufi xxix. a folemn thankfgiving was made to God for their deliverance, in the City of tiomxich, and is An- nually obfervcd. As for the Rebellion at the fame time in Tarkc (hire » it was foon quelled on the Execution of Omler and Dak, the chief pro- morers thereof. Thefe things quickned the Lords of the Council to a (harper courfe againft all thofe whom they fufpedied not to advance the publick Liturgy. Among whom none was more diftrufted than Bifhop 'Conner of London, who is commanded to attend the Lords of the Council on A**^'. ii. by whom he was told, that by his negligence not only many people within his Diocefs forgat their duty to God in frequenting the Divine Service than by Law eftabli/hed, but divers others defpifing the fame, did in fe- cret places often frequent the Popifh Mafs. Therefore he is command- ed to Preach againft the Rebels at Paul'% Crofs on Seftemb. i. and there to lliew the unlawfulnefs of taking Arms on pretence of Religion. But on the Contrary, he fpent moil part of his Sermon in maintenance of the Crofs, Carnal and Papiftical piefence of Chrift's body and bloud in the Sacrament of the Eucharift : complaints whereof being made, a Com- raiilion is Iffued out to the Archbiihop of Canterbury, the Bilhops of Rochejier and Peterborough, Sir Thorn^is Smith, and Doftor May, before whom he was convented at Lambeth, where after many /hifts on his part, and much patience on theirs, he is taken fro confejfo, and in the beginning of October deprived of his Bidioprick. To whom fucceeded Doftor Nicholas Ridley, Biniop ofRcchefier. There paffed an Ad of Parliament in the following Seffion {which took beginning Noi^e»/^. 4.) for taking downoffuch Images, as were ftill remaining in the Churches, as alfofor the bringing inof allAnti- phonaries, Miflah, Breviaries, Offices, Horaries, Primars and Pro- cefTionals, with other Books of falfc and fuperftitious worlhip. The Tenour of which Ad Iignified to the Subject by the King's Proclama- tions, and feconded by the Miffives of Archbifhop Cranmer to the Suf- fragan Bifhops, requiring them to fee it diligently put in execution. Alfo the Bilhofs were required to punirti all thofe chat refufed to give to tljZ CllUrC^ of Great Britain. ^ i6^ to the charge of bread and wine for the Comraunion. Now W5s there no further oppofition againft the Liturgy by the Romil]j party during the reft of the King's Reign. ^ But then there ftarced up another fadion, as oppofite to the pub- lick Liturgy, as were thofe of Rome. The Archbiiliop and the reft of Prelases which co-operated with him in the work of Reformation, were refolved now to go forwards with a Reformation in point of Doftrine, And therefore Letters were direded by Archbifliop Crammr to Martin Bucer zndi Peter Martyr^ two eminent Divines. ^I^f^rrvr came over in Hfy/i»»s Hid. the end of November, and having fpent fometime with the Archbifhop £iiir. vi. in his houfe at Lambeth, wasdifpatched to Oxford, where he was made the King's Profeflbur for Divinity, and about two years after made Cdinon of Chrift-Chnrcb. His readings were fo much difliked by fome of that Univeriity, that a publick difputaiion was fhortly had betwixt him, and fome of thofe that diiliked his doings, about fome points in the Sacrament. Doftor Cox, Chancellour of the Univerfuy, affifted by Mr. Aforrifon a right learned man, being Moderators, declared that yi/^rfjr had fufficiently anfwered all Arguments which were brought againft him by Chadfey the chief of the opponents, and the reft of thofe who difputed with him. Bucer came not over till fune, and, being, here receives letters fronj ^Hedilsmfi- Cahin, by which he was advifed to take heed of his old fault ("for iiUsvetAu- fault he thoughtitj which was to run a moderate courfe in his Refor^ thmmtffivtl mations. The firft thing that Bueer did after his coming hither, was to ^PP>'?l>^t^';i^i acquaint himfelf with theEnglifti Liturgy, tranflated for him into La- ^^^Q^cer'^ ' tine by Alexander AlefiHs, a learned Scot, and generally well approved of by him, as to the main Frame and Body of it. Of this he gives an account to Cdvin. Having received a courteous entertainment from the ^i Lord Proteftor, and being heartily well-commed by Archbifhop Cran- '^ ■"" nter, he is fent to take the Chair at Cambridge. But he had not held that place long, when he left this life, deceafing on January 19. Anm 1550. to the great lofs and grief of that Univerfity. C,' a-nric'^ deferted his Chaplain, and Hoofer was fent to prifon, and kept fometirae in durance, till he con- defcended to conform himfelf in his habit, and fo was confecrated Bi- fhop' of C/ecf/Pfr. After this, Hcopf?- bare a great grudge againflR/W/^y, who enforced him thereunto: but God's providence fandified their fufferings afterwards inro an agreement. We muft not forget , that this earneft conieft was not about the vocation, but about the veft- ments of Bifhops. Thus we have the firfl; beginning of that oppofition, ----^ which hath continued ever fince againft the Liturgy, (^r. and other Rites and Ufages of the Church of Engi.wd. Ab3Ut this time 'john a, L.ifco, free Baron of Lafco in Felnttd, with his Congregation of Germans and other fh'angers, took Sanftuary this year in England, hoping that here they might enjoy that liberty of confcience, and fafety for their goods and perfons, which their own Gountrey had denyed them. The King gratioufly vouchfafed to give "■^"•^ them both entertainment and protection : afligned them the weft part of the Church, belonging to the late difTolved honk oi Ahguiine-friars for the escrcife of Religious Worlliip, made them a Corporation, confift- ing of a Superintendent, and four other Miniilers, with power to fill the vacant places by a new Succeflion, whenfoever any of them fhould be voyd by death or otherwife, the parties by them chofen to be approved by the King and Council. He commanded the Lord Mayor of London, the Aldermen and Sberiflfi thereof, as alfo the Arcbbifhop of Canter- bury, and all other Bifhops of this Realm not to diftrubthem in the free esercife of their Religion and Ecclefiaftical Government, although they differed from the government and forms of Worfhip eflablifhed in the Church of England. All which he granted by his Letters Patents. This John A Lafco quickly publifheth a book. Entitled, Forma c^rKatio totlm Ecclejiafiici Mwijierii, wherein he maintains the ufe of fitting at the Holy Communion, contrary to the cuftom of the Church oi Efig- Und, to the encouragement of rhofe who impugned her Orders. A- controverfie moved by Bifhop 'footer touching the Epifcopal Habit, was prefently propagated among the reft of the Clergy touching Caps and Surplices. And in this quarrel 7oA« ^-i^o^ngageth, countenancing S'j'fe's'/Hifl. thofethat refufed to wear them, and Writing to Martin Bucer^ to de- Sci-ir. yi. dare againft them. But that Moderate and Learned Man feverely re- prehended him, and folidly anfwered all his Objedioiis. Which be- ing fent to him in theway of letter, was afterward Printed anddifperfed tt)e CljUtCl^Of Great Britain. 171" for keeping down that oppofite humour. This controverfie was coun- tenanced by Peter Martyr, for faelides his judgement which he gives of thefc things in fome of his Epiilles about things of this nature, he hath told us of his own praftice in one of his Epiftles, Dated ac Znrick^, ~ Novemb.^, 1559. being more than fiiie years after he had kit this Kingdom. That he had never ufed the Surplice, when he lived in Oxford, though he were then a Cdiuon of Chrifi-church, and frequent- ly prefent in the Quire. While this controverfie was on foot between the Bifliops and the Clergy, fohn Rogers fone of the Prebends of S. Paul's, and Divinity Reader of that Church then newly return'd from beyond the Seas) could never be perfwaded to wear any other than the round cap when he went abroad. And being further preffed unto it, he thus declared himfelf : That he would never agree to that point of Conformity, but on this condition, that if the Biihops did re- quire the Cap and Tippet, &c. then it fliould alfo be declared, that all Popi/h Priefls ffor a diftindiion between them and others) fhould be conftrained to wear upon their lleeves a Chalice with an Hoft upon it. Nay, fuch peccancy of humour began then to break out, that it was Preached at Pad s Crofs by one Steven, Curate of Katherme Crec 5fow's Chro. Church, Th?t it was fit the names of Churches fliould be altered, and v..h\\yu the names of the dayes in the Week changed ; that Fifli-dayes fljould be altered, and the Lent kept at any other time, except onely between Shrovetide and Eafter. John Stow faith, that he had feen the faid , / Steven to leave the Pulpit, and Preach to the People out of an high '' Elm, which flood in the midft of the Church-yard, and that being done, t« return into the Church again. The wings of Epifcopal Authority had been fo clipped, that it was fcarce able to fly abroad : the fentcnce of Excommunication had not been in ufc fince the firft year of this King • which occafioned not onely --j;^^ thefe diforders among the Minifters of the Church but alfo tended to '^'" the great encreafe of vitioufnefs in all forts of men. So that it was not without caufe that it was called for fo earneftly by Bifliop Latimer in a Sermon Preached before the King. Bring into the Church of England (faith he) the open Difcipline of Excommunication, that open finners may be ftricken withal. Then upon the Complaint of Calvin to Archbifhop Cranmer, and Peter Martyr's bemoaning the miferable condition of the Church for want of Preachers, it was ordained by the advice of the Lords of the Council, that of the K-ing's fix Chaplains, which attended in Ordina- ry, two of them fliould be always about the Court, and the other four fliould travel in Preaching abroad. About this time Sermons at Cou:t were encreafed alfo. _ ' Then followed the taking down of Altars by publick Authoriiy. This being refolvcd on, a Letter cometh to Bifliop RiAley in the name Z 2 of 171 X!)e ^inoiv of of the King, fubfcribed by Setmerfet, and other of the Lords of the Council, concerning the tiking down of Altars, and fctting up Tables in the ftead thereof. He appointed t^e form- of a right Table to be ufed in his Diocefs, and caufed the wall ftanding on the back-lide of the Altar in the Church of S.Fants to be broken down for an example to the reft. No univerfal change of Altars was there into Tables in all parts of the Realm, till the repealing of the firrt Liturgy, in which the Pried is appointed to ftand before the midft of the Altar in the Celebration ^ and the eflablilliing of the fecond, ( in which it is re- quired, that the Prieft fhall ftand on the North-Iide of the Table) had put an end-to theDifpune. About this time P,-?w«^'sPfa-lms were Tranflated into EngUjlj metre, by ThomAs Sternhald,^((\:, and of the Privy Chamber to King EdxvArd ,"-- the fisth, fohn Hopkins, Koben Wifdo^fj, Sec. and generally permitted to ^"^ be Sung in all Churches. Bilhop Gardinrr having been a Prifoner in the Tower alraoft two- years, the Lord Treafurer, the Earl of Warwick,, and fome others- are fcnt with certain Articles Signed by the King and Lords of the Council unt) hira. According to the tenour hereof; he is not only to teftifie his confent to the eftabliiliing the Holy-dayes and Falling-days by the King's Authority, the allowance of the publick Liturgy, and ■ the abrogaringof the Statute for the fix Articles, but to fubfcribe the tonfeffion of his fault in his former obftinacy, after fuch form and man- ner as was there required. To which Artkles-he fubfcribed, but refufcd Jo pat his hand to the faid Confelliorh, Then a Book of Articles is drawn up, containing all the alteration imde by the King and his Father, as well by Aft of Parliament as their 6wn injunftions, of all which doings he is required to fignifie his ap- pj-obation, to make Confeflion of his fault with an acknowledgment that he had deferred the punifliment which was laid upon upon him : but no Aich fubmiffion and -acknowledgment being made as was required, on Feb. 14-. i5SO> be was deprived, and fo remitted to the Tower. Notwithftanding this feverity, yet fome of the BilLopswere fo ftiflf in their old' opinions, that neither terrom* nor perfwafions could prevail, npon them, ei.her to approve of the King's proceedings, or otherwife to advance the King's commands. And foraecomplyed fo coldly with the King's commands, as that they were laid open to the fpoil, though not to the lofs of their Bifhopricks : of which laft fort were Kitciolng Bi- w^fi Ihop of Lxnditff, Salcot BiOiop of Salisbury, and Samson of Coventry Sw.Ti. snd LiehfiM, Heath-oi Wercefter, ^ay fie oi Exeter, Dxy oi Chiche- fter, and To«/?.j/ of I>«r^;jOT would not anyway comply. Koijy mide fucb havock of his Lands, before he was brought under a deprivation, that he left but feven or eight of the worfi mannours, and thofe lee out into- long Leafes and shofe charged with penfions, and not abo'.-c two tl)t CljUrc!) of Great Britain. 175 zwo houfes, both bare and naked. He was deprived a few monetlis after Gardiner, but lived to be reftored again ( as Gardiner alio was ) \n the time of Queen /I/i4r)'. D^ty and /ff^r^ were both deprived, O^o- her 10. and were both reftored in Queen A-faries Reign, ^nnfid was caft into the Tower, Decemher 20. and was there kept antil the diflblu- tion of his Bilhoprick by Aft of Parliament. To Gardiner, in the See of Winchefier, fucceeded Dodor fohn Toy- net, Bifhop of Rochefier. To Voify, in the Stcoi Exeter, fucceeded Dodor Miles Coverdale, one who had formerly affifted Tyndal in tranf- lating the Bible into Englilh^ and for the moft part lived at Tubing, an Univerfity belonging to the Duke of Saxony, where he received the de- gree of Dodor. Scory being Confecrated Bifhop of RocheBer, in the place of Poynet, on the thirtieth of Augiifl, in the next year following* fucceeded i)^^ of ChicheFter. Of which Biflioprick he was deprived in the time of Q,ueen Mary, and afterwards preferred by Queen Eliz.abeih to the See of Hereford, in which place he died. The Bifhoprick of Wor- cefier was given in Commendam to Bifhop Hoeyer. The Princefs Mary , having been bred up in the Romifli Religion^ would not change her mind. And although the King and the Lords of his Council, wrote many Letters to her, to take off thofe affedions which fhe bear to the Church of Rome, yec flie keeps up her Mafs, with all the Rites and Ceremonies belonging to it, and fuffers divers perfons (befides her own domeftick Servants ) to beprefent at ir. By the Em^ peror's mediation, her Chaplains were permitted to celebrate the Mafs, but with this Reftridion, that they fliould do it in her prefenceonly. For the tranfgreflion of which bounds. Mallet and Barkley, her twa Chaplains were imprifoncd. Then a Plot is laid to convey the Princefs Mary out of the Realm by flealth ; but the King being fecretly advertifed of the defign, puts a ftop thereunto. She is brought to the King, and appointed to remaio with him,but none of her Chaplains permitted to have any accefs unto her. And notwithflanding the mediation of the Emperor in her behalf, and his threatening War, in cafe fhe were not permitted the freeexercife of her Religion, and although the Lords of the Council generally feemed very inclinable thereunto, yet t he King would not be perfwaded there- unto. And when the Archbiftiop of Canterbury, and the Bifliop of London, fent by the Lords to the King, ufed divers Arguments to per- f^vade him, he declared a Refolution rather to venture life, and all things elfe that were dearunto him, thanto give way to anything, which he knew to be againft the Truth. Then the King burft forth into a flood of tears, and the Bifhops, on fight thereof, weptasfaft asHe. The Bifhops thereuponvvithdrew, admiring at fuch great Abilities to fo young a King, and blefTed God for giving them a Princeiof. fuch emi- nent piety. TfaSD 174' %\)t^ifxm^^ Thenthe reviewing the Liturgy, and thecompofingof a Book of Ar- ticles, were brought under conOderation: This laftfor the avoiding di- verfitiesof Opinions, and for the eftablilliing confent touching true Re- ligioUj the other for removing fuch offences as had been talien by Calvin, and his followers, at fome parts thereof. The Liturgy, fo reviewed, was ratified by Aft of Parliiment in the year following. By the learn- ed Wiitings of £ri?y»«^ and MeLantihon, together with the Augufiati Confeffion (a Book of Articles being thought neceffary to be conipo- fed) the Compofers of thofe Articles were much direded, ufingtheia as fubfervient Helps to promote the fervice. Now followed the fatal Tragedy of the Duke of Sommerfet, and wc muftrecoyl a little to fetch forward the caufe thereof. ThomM Seymow, B-u-on of Sftdely, and Lord Admiral, the Protedor's younger Brother, had marritd the Lady Katherine Par, the Relid of King Henry the Eighth. A conteft arofe between their Wives about place. The Women's dif- cords derived themfelves into their Husbands hearts : whereupon, not long after, followed the death of the Lord Ti^ow^w Sey^JOM?-, arraigned for defigning to tranflate the Crown to himfelf. Soon after the Lords of the Council accufe the Proteftor of many high offences ; his greateft Enemy and Accufer was John Dudley, Earl of Warwicl^ Hereupon he was imprifoned at Windfor, yet he was acquit- ted , though outed his Proteftorfhip , reftored , and continued Privy Counfellor. But after two years and two months his Enemies afTault him afrefh. He was indided of Treafon and Felony : he was condemned for Felony, by a new made Statute, for plotting the death of a Privy Counfellor, namely, the Earl of Warwick. Here a ftrange overfight was committed, that he craved not the benefit of the Clergy, which eould not legally be denied him. Not longafter he was beheaded on Tower-hill, with no lefs praifc for his piety and patience, than pity and grief of the beholders. In the beginning of the year 155 1. happened a terrible Earthquake '. I at Croydon, and fome other Villages thereabouts, in tbcCounty of Sur- rey. Afterwards fix Dolphins were taken up in the Thames, three at ^^eenbarough, and three near Greenwich, the ieaft as big as any Horfe. Their coming up fo far, beheld by Statef-men, as a prefage of thofe ilorms and Tempells, which afterwards befel this Nation in the death of King Edward, and the tempeftuous Reign of Queen Mary. But the faddeft prefage of all was, the breaking out of a Difcafe, called the Sweating-fickncfs, appearing firft at Shrewsbury, on April 1$. and after- wards fpr^ading by degrees over the Kingdom ; wherewith, if any man were attacqued, he died, or efcaped, within nine or ten hours : if he ,ilept (as moft perfons defired to do) he died within fix hours: if he ; took cold, he died within three hours. Sir tlje CljUrcIJ of Great Britain. 175 Sir Michael Staahop , Sir Thomas Arundd , Sir Ralph Vane, and Sir Miles Partridge, were arraigned, and condemned to dye. The two firft were beheaded, and the two laft hanged, ac what time they folemn- Jy proteiled, (taking God to witntfs ) that they never pradifed Trea- fon againft the King , &c. fane adding, after all the reft, that his Blood would make the pillow of the Earl oi Warwick (lately made Duke of Northumberland ) uneafie to him. Then fifty fix Articles are drawn up againft Robert Farrars, Bifhop of St. Davids, and a Commiflion iffued March 9. to enquire into the merit of thofe Articles charged againft him : on the return whereof he is in- didedof a Pramtmre Sit the Affizes at Carmarthen, committed there- upon to prifon, where he remained all the reft of King Edward's time • never reltored to liberty till he came to the Stake in Queen Maries Reign. On the twenty ninth of ^rfw^^ry, 1552. The Bifhoprick of FTf/w^/w- . „_„-^ fter was difTolved by the King's Letters Patents, by which the County of '^- Middlefex, which had before been laid unto it, was reftored unto the See of London. The Book of Articles made in the Synod at London, may be truly faid to be the work of that Convocation, though many Members of it never faw the fame till the Book was publifhed : in regard ( as Mr. Fhilpot __ faith) thAt they had a Synodic al Authority , to make fuch fpiritual -i-^lVJ:. Kfl.r Aftsand oi to them feemed to be necejfary or convenient, for the ufe of the Church. Monuments, Moreover the Church of England, for thefirft five years of Queen Eli-fi!- 1282. zabeth, retained thefe Articles and no other, as the publick Tenents of the Church in point of Doftrine j which flie had not done, had they been commended to her by a lefs Authority than a Convocation. Thefe j,fgi^ auihon- Articles were confirmed and publiflied for fuch, by the King's Atithority, tatein lucem - as appears further by the Title in due form of Law. And fo it is refolved editi. by Philpot, in behalf of the Catechifm which came out, Amo 1553. with the approbation of the faid Bifljops and learned Men. The Liturgy being fetled and confirmed in Parliament, was by the King's command tranfiated into French, for the ufe of the Ifles of Guern-- feyund ferfey, and fuch as lived within the Marches and command of Ca~^- lais. But no fuch care was taken for Wales, till the fifth year of the Reign of Queen EHz^abeth, nor of the Realm oi Ireland horn that time to this, as Doftor Hfj/iw obferveth. Then that which concerns as well the nature, as the number of fuch Peaftsand Fafts, as were thought fit to be retained, were determined and concluded on by an Ad: of Parliament. Which Statute (though re- pealed in the firft of Queen Mary, and not revived till the firft year of the Reign of King 'James-, yet ) in effeft it flood in force, and was more pun- ftually obfervedin the time of Queen Eliz.(ihcth's K^'ign, than after the reviving of it. , The £ 176 %\yti^\miv or The nexc care was, that Confecrated places fhould not be profaned by fighting and quarrelling, as they bad been lately fince theEoifcopal Ju- rifdiftion, and the ancient Cenfures of the Church were Itffened in Au- thority and reputa'ion. This Parliament ending on Afrll 15. the Book of Common-prayer \^_^ was printed and publiflied, which had been therein authorized. And the . time being come which was fet for the officiating it, there appeared much ' ^- J^V^5 alteration in the outward folemnitics of Divine ferv-ice, to which the peo- ^^■^^ pic had formerly been fo long accuitomed. For by the Kubrick of that Book, no Copes, or other Veltures were required, but the Surplice on- ]y, whereby the Billiops muft forbear their Croffes, and the Prebends of St. P««/s leave off their Hoods. To give a beginning hereunto, Bi- fliop Ridley, then Bifhop of London, did the fame day ofFxiate the Di- vine lerviceof the Morning in his Rochet only, without Cope or Velt- ment : he preached alio at St. F^wfs in che afternoon, the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Companies in their bed Liveries in their C impanies be- ing prefent at it, the Seimon tending f for the moftpart) to thefetting fonh the faid Book of Common-prayer, and to acquaint them with the Rcafonsof fuch alterations as were made therein. On the fame day the new Liturgy was executed alfo in all the Churches of London. Not long afier, the upper Quire in Sc. P^«/'s Church, where the high Altar flood was broken down, and all the Quire thereabout, and the Communion- table was placed in the lower part of the Quire^ where the Minifter fang the daily Service. "' '*^— • -^" "—"'—— - Then publick care was had for the founding and eftablifhing of the new Hofpital in the late diffolved Houfe of Gray-Friers near Newgate in London, and that of St. TbomM in the Borough of Sonthrvark,: of which ye are to know, that the Church belonging to the faid Houfe, to- gether with theCloyfters, and almoft all the publick building which flood within the liberties and precinifs thereof, had the good hap to efcape that mine, which generally befell all other Houfes of that nature, ■AndflandingundemolilhedtiU the laft times of King iira?^, it was given -by him, nor many dayes before his death, to the City of^Z,o«<5/<;«, toge- ther with the latediftolved Priory, called Zm/e St. Bartholomews. In which Donation there was reference had to a double end.- The one for the relieving the poor out of the Rents of fach MefTuages and Tenements, as in the Grants thereof are contained and fpecified. The other for coh^ ftitutingaParifh-church in the Church of the faid diffolved Grey-friers, not only for the ufc of fuch as lived within the precinfts of the faid two Houfes, but for the Inhabitants of the Parjfli of St. Nichelas in the Sham- bles, and of St. £-y} hearing of, he returneth ko Cambridge-^ and there himfelf Proclaimech the Lady At- Cheek^, on the morrow after, bringing up the Reer : But the Duke of Suffolk^ ( Father to. the Lady fane }. was releafed within three days. after. The Duke of Nonhumberland, together with John Earl of Warwick^. lUs eldeft Son, arid V/ilUarr), MarqiKfs oi Northttrnftun, were brought 10 1! eir Trial, on AHgufi 8. before Thomas Duke of Norfolk^, then lit- mg as Lord High Steward in Wejimi-nfier Ihll : they all confeffed the- Jndidment,, tlje C|)Utc!| of Great Britain. i8r Indidrment, and received Judgment in the ufual form. The like Judge- ment paffed on the morrow after;, on Sir John Gates, Sir Henry Gates, Sir Andrew Dudley , and Sir Thomas Palmer. The Duke was on Jugufizz. beheaded, and profefled himfelf a Papiftachis death, whofe Recantati- on the papift? publirtied abroad with great rejoycing, with him died alfo Sir John Gates, and Sir Thomas Palmer : which Palmer confefTed the Faith he learned in the Gofpel, and lamented that he had not lived more as became the Gofpel. The Qyeen had dilTolved her Camp at Farmingham, confifting of fourteen thoufand men, . and prepared for her journey toward London. Being met on the way by the Princefs Eliz.abeth, her Sifter, attended with a thoufand Horfe, fhe encred London on the third of AUgnfi. Taking poflelfion of the Tower, /he was firfl: welcommed thither by. Tbo>nas, the old Duke oi Norfolk-, Anne DMchtk oi Sommerfet, Ed- ward Lord Courtney, eldeft Son to the late Marquefs of Exceter, and' Dr. Stephen Gardiner^ Bifliop of Winchefier^ all which flie lifted from the ground, called them her Prifoners, gratioufly killing them, and reftoring them fliortly after to their former liberty. Taking the Great Seal from Dr. Goodrich, Bifliop of Ely, within two days after Hie gave it for the prefent to Sir Nicholas Hare, whom fhe made Mafterof the- Rolls, and afterwards committed it together with the Title of Lord Chancellor to the faid Bifliop of Winchejhr, then aftually reftored ta'. that See. Having performed the obfequies of her Brother, on the ninth and tenth, fhe removes her Cotfrt to Whitehal-^ on September (lie pafTeth thence to the Tower by Water , attended by her Sifter, and a great Train of Noble Ladies, and made her return through the principal Streets. of the fame City, on the laft of the fame moneth, in a moft ftately man- ner: and the next day proceeded in like pomp to the Abbey-Church ar Weflminfler, where flie was met by the Silver CrofTes, and eighty Singing- HiftorV o/"^ men, all in rich Coaps ffo fudden a recruit waj made of thefe fjcred Queen mhv;.-. Veftmetits ) among whom went the new Dean of Wejtminjfer, Dr. Weflon, and diverfe Chaplains of her own, each of them bearing in their hand' fomeenligfr or other. After them marched ten Bifliops ( whichwereall. as remained of her perfwafion ) with their Miters , rich Coaps , and Crolier-ftaves. The Sermon was preached by Dodor D.iy, whom fhe^ had reftored to the See of Chichefier: The folemnity of the Corona- tion was performed by the Bifhop of Wi'vchcfl-ir,' the new Lord Chan- cellor. Cranmer, Archbifliop oi Canterbury, being then committed to t-he Tower. Till this time none- was more dear to her than her Sifter, the Lady Elis^abeth; but after her Coronation flie eftranged her fei^. fxom her. ,.-.i,uo-csa .-' ".>';'/.. She preferred Henry Raicllf, Earl of Sujfex, to the fociety of t!r?^ Garter, which honour flie conferred on his Son Thomas ikei hia deceafe, and::- . "x^z %\}t^imv^Qt and to be covered in her prefence at all times and places^ according to the cuftom of the Grandees in the Realm of Spain. She alfo advanced the Earl of Arundel, to the Office of Lord Steward. She made Sir Ed- ward Haftmgs Mafter of the Horfe, and Knight of the Garter, and af- terwards Lord Chamberlain of the ' Hou(hold , and Lord Hafiings of Loughborough. She honoured Sir fohn Williams, with the Title of Lord Williams oi Thame . She preferred Sir Henry Jemingham, to be Cap- tain of her Guard : and afterwards Sir Thomas Trefham was created Lord Prior of the Order of Sc. fohn of ferufalem. She preferred her old Servants, Hopton, her old Chaplain, to the See of Norwich, Ro- chefier, to be Comptroller of her Houfliold, Inglefield to be Mafter of the Wards, and Walgrave to be Mafter of the Wardrobe. Sir ]ohn Gage ( a zealous Papift ) was made Lord Chamberlain of her Houlhold, when ilie came firft to the Tower. Bilhop Bomer wiS d\[-. charged of the Marflialfey, and Bifhop Tunfial from the King's Bench, within two days after. Bonner is reftored to his See of London, and Tunfial to Durharri, and an Aft of Parliament procured for the reftoring of the Church of Durham to all its Lands, and Jurifdidions, of which it ftood diverted by the late Aft of Diffolution, made ia the laft year of the deceafed King. Coverdale was difplaced from the See of Exeter, Scory from that of Ghichefier, and Hooper from the Commendatory of the See of Worcefier : tovihkhfkes Foify, Day, znd Heath, were again reftored. The like courfe alfo followed for the depriving of all Deans, Dignitaries, and Pa- rochial Minifters, who had facceeded intf any of ihofe preferments, during the Reign of the two laft Kings. DoftorCox was on AuguFi 5. brought to the Marflialfey, and fpoi- led of his Deaneries of Chrifi-churcb and Wefiminfier, to make room for Doftor Richard Marjhal in the one, and Doftor Hugh Wefion in the other. Peter Martyr coming from Oxford to London, where for a time he was commanded to keep his Houfe, but was foon after fufifered to return into his own Countrey. A Letter was fent at the fame time to the Mayor of Coventry, to fet at liberty Hugh Simons, if he would recant his Sermon, or elfe to ftay him. A little before Mr. Bradford, Mr. Vernon., and Mr. Beacon, Preacher^ were committed to the Tower : A Letter was fent to the Sheriffs of Buckz ingham and Bedford, for the apprehending Mr. F//feer, Parfon of ^»>er- jfjam : Another Letter was fent totheBiihop of Norwith, not to fuffer any to Preach or Enpound openly the Scriptjares, without fpecial Liccnfe from the Queen. Mv, fohn Rogers, Preacher, was confined to his own houfe. Hoefer tl)eCI)ttrcl) of Great Britain. i8; Heofer and Ceverdale being cited to appear before the Lords of the Council, did appear. Hooker was committed to the Fleet, and Cover- dale coraminAidi to ixxsni. thepleafure of the Lords. Fifiier ofjimerjham, and Bugh Sander j. Vicar of St. MichAels in Cty- ventry, appeared alfo before the Council. Hugh Latimer appeared alfo, and was committed to the Tower. Doftor Bourn, Archdeacon of London, Preaching at Pauls Crofs, in favour of Bi/hop Banner ( there prcfcnt at the Sermon ) inveighed againft feme proceedings in the time of the late King Edward, : which io in- cenfed the people, that a great tumult arofe upon it, fome pelting with Stones^; others crying aloud. Pull him down •, and one ( who could never be known ) flinging a Dagger at his Head , which after wss found flicking in a poft of the Pulpit. The Preacher with difficulty was fecu- red in a School adjoyning : By reafon of which tumult the Lords of the Council with the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, took order, that every Houdiolder fliould caufc their Children and Appreniices to keep their own Parifti-churchcs upon Holidays : order was taken for preventing the like Tumult on the Sunday following. A Sermon was Preached at the Crofs by Dodor Watfon, who ( afterwards was BiHiop of Lincoln ) ;■ for whofe fecurity many Lords of the Council were there prefent, and. Jerningham, Captain of the Guard with two hundred of his Yeomen,, ftanding round about the Pulpit with their Halberts. Then care was taken, that nothing fliould be Preached in private Churches, contrary to the Do<3:rine which was, and fliould be Taught at the Crofs, by them which were appointed to ir. It was further ordered, that every Alderman in his Ward fliould fend for the Curates of every, Church within thejr Liberties -, and warn them not onely to forbear Preaching themfeives, but alfo not to fuffer any other to Preach, or make any open reading of Scripture in their Churches, unlefs the faid Preachers were feverally Liccnfcd by the Queen; For eight weeks after the Proclaiming of Mary Queen, Proteftan- tifm and Popery were together fet on foot, the former hoping to be continued, the latter labouring to bereftored. Seeing by the fidelity of the Norfolk.znd Suffolk^ Proteftant Gentry, the Queen was much ad- vantaged forthefpecdy recovering of her ^i^fcr, they conceived, that : asflie by them had regained the Crowji, fothey under her fliould en- joy their Confcicnces. The Papifts put their Ceremonies in executi- on, prefuming on the Queens private pradice, and publick counte- nance. The Queen on Augnft i8. puts forth a Piroclamation, declaring her ■ felf for the Popifli Religion, which ftie refolves to obferve for her felf, wifliing her Snbjeds to follow her example •, yet that flic mindeth not to compel any thereunto, until fuch time at further order by common Affent may be taken therein 3 forbidding all her Subjefts tomoveSediti- ons - 'i 84 Xl)e #ifto?F of ons at their penis ; and the Printing of any Book, Rhyme, Enterlude, or Treatife, without her fpecial Licenfe for the fame : and likewife to Preach, or by way of reading in Churches, or other publick or pri- vate places { except in Schools of the Univerficies ) to Interpret or Teach any Scripture, or any points of Dodrine concerning Re- ligion^. ,;.;;::!;. u: .■• -;; n' - >-- ^■- /i' ■;-- Herecpon many of the people in divers places, received their old Religion, ereded again their Altars, andufed theMafs, and Latin Ser- vice, as was wont to be in King •Henries time. '' In Cambridge the Vice-chancellor chalenged one Peirfon^m OHob. 3. for officiating the Communion, in his own Parifli Church, in the Englilh Tongue ; and on the 26. difplaced Doftor Madew, Mafter of CLre- W/, for being Married. In like manner, fome of the Popidi party in King's CoUedge, on the 28th of the fame monetb, officiated the Divine Sei vice in the Eatin Tongue. At Oxford, fch/i Jewel was chofen to pen the firft gratulatory Let- ter to the Queen, in the name of the Univerlity, an Office impoifed on him by his Enemies. Dodor Trejliam , a Van-currier , before au- thority , repaired the great Bell in Chrift-church and named it Adary\ Harley, Bifhop of Hereford , and Taylor of Lincoln ( two of the laftof King f^afw^jr^'s Bifliops ) were prefent at the opening of the Par- liament, OB:ob, 10. But no fooner was the Mafs begun (though not then reftored by any Law ) than they left the Church. For which the Bifliop oi Lincobi, being firft examined, and making profeflion of his Faith, prevented the malice of his enemies by a timely Death. And Harley ( upon information of his Marriage ) was prefently excluded from the Parliament-houfe , and not long after from his Biflioprick alfo. Hereupon Bifliop Barlow of Wells , and Scory of Ghiehefier , paf- fed beyond the Seas , followed not long after by Bifliop Poinet oi Winchefler. On' November 3. Archbifliop Cranmer was arraigned at the Guild- hall in London, ivith the Lord Guilford Dudley, the late Queen Jane, his Wife, and others, all of them being attainted and condemned of Treafon, After Peter A4artyr had quit the Realm, his Wive's Body having 4jeen buried in the Church of St. Fridefwid, was afterward by pub- lick order taken out of the Grave, and buried in a common dung- hill. fohnaLafco, was forced to diflblvc his Congregation, and He with his Strangers to quit the Countrey : The like haft made the French Proteftants alfo. At which time many of the Englifli (as well Stu- dents as others ) departed alfo. The principal of thofe were Kathcrine, the tl)e Cl)UtCl) of Great Britain. 185 the laft Wife of Charles Brandon, Duke of S^jfoLk., Robert Berty Efqj Husband to the Dutchefs , the Bi/hops of Winchefter and Wells ( as before was faid ) Sir Richard Morifon, Sir jimhany Cook, and Sir John Cheeky, Dodor Cox, Doftor Sands, and Doftor Grindal. The News of Queen Maries fucceeding her Brother to the Crown of England, ported to Rome, and was very welcome to Pope f alius the Third, becaufe it gave him fome aflurance of his re-admiffion into the Power and Jurifdiftion of his Predeceflbrs in the Realm of England i in purfuance of which hopes, it wasrefolved, that Cardinal Pcorfliould be fent Legate into £«^/Weakh , -Learning, yet all were.ill- ' V -'• B b 2 eiDployed i8« Xlytmiioivo^ employed about him, W^<»r demandech the Perfon of the Qaeen, the Tower of London to be conunicted unto him, with power todifjsJacc evil Counfellors -, his demands were refufed with fcorn- Queen Mary came to Guildhall, and there made a leng Oration, which fecured the affedionsof the Citizens unto her..- ri;:-;,--^: :^:_r.; , vdQ :,: ;■..:;•;,:: Wyat came up to. London. He wis tiken nTe/Kple-har, carried thence be examined, and thence to the: Tower to be committed. Some days after, hefuflfered penitently and patiently on the Scaffold, condemning his own Aft. Of his complices were hanged fifty perfons, and four hundred more led through the City with halters about their necks to IVefi- minfter , where they were all pardoned in the Tilt-yard by the Queen. Doftor Cro;»fi, for his Preaching without Liccnfe on ChrifimM day, was committed to the Fleet ; Thomas Wttton Efquirc, was for matters of Religion committed alfo to the Fleer. The Duke of Suffolk^y Father to the Lady Jatie^ but lately par- doned of life in the midft of the Kentifh tumult , fecretly departetb ^into Leicefier and Warwickzfli-res, infltgating the people to withftand .>;.«^i ChroH. the Queen's Marriage agreed^on with PhtUf. The Duke was be- IxyCi^Minj. irayed by one Underwood, his Servant, in A^ey-parkj, with his Bro- ther fohn Lord Gray , unto the Earl of Huntington , whence they were by him convayed prifonersto theTower of Z,o«<^o/;. This feem- ed to haften the death of the Lady Ja-fie and the Lord Guilford her Husband, who were both beheaded, Ff^ra^^ry a 2. 1554. he was be- headed on a Scaffjid on Tower-iiill, and flie.upon the Green within the Tower. Two days before her death Mr. Fec''* faid Lawes and Statutes fliould be repealed, befceching the King and. Queen to intercede with his Holincfe for their Abfolution. Then the, .Cardinal having read bis Authority given him from the Pope, they all knesledi upon their.iknces, and imploring the mercy of God, received AbfoluiiOR-; i9i %\}ti^miv of Abfolution for thcmfelves and the reft of the Kingdom; Which Abfo- lution was pronounced in thefe words Onr Lord fefus Chrifi, which vfhh hli mofi fretious blood hath redeem- ed us from all our Jim, &c. and Vfhom the Father- hMh appgimed Yiead over alihis Church, ahfolve you. And ife by Apofiolick. Au- tharrity given unto us {^hy the mofi holy Lord tope Julius the third. His f^icegerent here on earth ) do abfoive and deliver yon, and eve- ry ef you, with the wheli Realm and the Dominions thereof, from all herejie and fchifm, and fro ; premifcd, and referred to Arbitrators, which fliould be equally chofen on both fides. -. To thisDodor Coa- his party would in nowifeconfent, and. 1 oil much rfputationby the refufal. Ti.c y^ 200 X!)e l^xVcQ iv of The Names of thofc who feparated therafelves from this Congre- gation were as followeth. William Willia -us . William Whittingha'H. Anthony Gilby. Chrifiefher Gogdman Thomas Cole. 'John Fox: Thomai Wood. John Hilton. Chrijiofher Scotheut. Nicholas Purfote. John Efcot. Thomas Grafton. William Walton. Laurence Kent. Willia-n Keihe, ] fohn Hellingh.vv. John Ketl{. j Anthony Carter. Of thefe Mr.fo.Vj with a few more, wen: to Bafil: the reft fetled thenifelves at Geneva, where they made choice of Knox and Goodman for their conftant Preachers, under which Miniftry they rejed: the whole frame and fabrick of he Reformation made in England, conformed ihemfelvcs wholly to the fafhion; of the Church of Geneva. It was i,ot long after the fetlingof the Liturgy at Franckford, before whitehead left the Minidry of the Englilh Congregation, which Co.v obtained for Mr. Horn. That being done, he withdrew himfclf to Stras- burg, there to enjoy the company of Feter Martyr, with whom he was well acquainted, while he lived in Chrifi-church. By Dodor Cox his departure a new gap is open for another diflention. Some words had paffed, at a Supper, between Horn the Paftor, and Ajh- ley, a Gentleman of note, intended rather for increafe of charity, than breach of friend/liip. jifliley is three dayes after cited to appear at the houfe of one of the Elders, to anfwer for fome words he had fpoken in . contempt of the Miniftry. But, from the Elders, he appeals to the Con- gregatio;!, among whom he prevails fo far, that they fend a Meflage^ by two of their company, to the Pallor, and Elders, to proceed no fur- ther in the caufe. Horn being backed by Chambers, the publickTrea- furer, excepts againft this MefTage, as not decreed by the whole Con- gregation, and refolves to maintain that authority, which had been con- ferred on him and the reft of the Elders, A(l}ley, and his party, on the other fide, proieft againft the Paftor and Elders, as an adverfc party, and therefore not in a capacity to fie as Judges in the prefent cafe, and do confult about the making of a Book of Difciplinefor the curbing the ex- orbitant power (for fo they thought it) of the Paftors and Elders. Thereupon the Paftor and Elders forfake their Offices, and on the next day of publick meeting take place among the reft as private perfons. The Congregation full, but the Pulpit empty, which put the reft upon a hu- mour of eleding others to take the Pulpit charge upon them. The noifc I of tlje CljUlX!) of Great Britain. loi of thcfe diforders awakens the Magiftraces, wlio command Horn and Chambers to forbear the Congregation untij further order, and after- wards reftoring them to their former authority, by publick edi !^, were contradiAed in it by ^(hley's party, who, having got forae power into their hands, were refolved to hold ir. In the meantime a Book of Difcipline had been drawn, andtendred to the Congregation, according to the Rules, whereof the Supreme power, in all Ecclcliaftical caufes. was put into the hands of the Congre- gation, and the difpoling the publick moneys committed to the trull of Hcyiin's Hifl. certain Officers, by the name of Deacons. This makes the breach wider ofq^MJiry. than before. The Magiftrates write their Letters io Strasburg, defiring DQ^ot Cox, Djcftor Safidys, together with Robert Bcrty Efquire, to undertake the doling of the prefent Rupture. To their arbitrament each party is content to fubmit the controverlie. In the end a form of Recon-; ciliation is drawn up by fome of the £nglifli, who really fought the peace of the Church. But thofe, who flood for the new difcipline, refufed to fubmit themfelves toany cftablilhment, by which the power of the diffulivc body of the Congregation might be called in queftion. Where- upon Horn and Chambers depart to Strashnrg, from whence Chambers writ his Letters to them twice, but to no effeft. They had before eleft- ed fome new Minifters, and though Horn, and his party, oppofed ir, yet they concluded it for the prefent, and now they mean to ftand to the con- clufion, letHorw and Chambers go or tarry, as beRpleafed themfelves. Such were the troubles and diforders in the Church of Frankferd, occa- fioned firft by a diflike of the publick Liturgy, before which they pre- ferred the nakednefs and fimplicity of thcFrench and GenevianChurchej, ( faith Dodor Vleylin ) and afterwards continued by the oppolition made by the general body of the Congregation, againft (uch who were ap- pointed to be Paftors and Rulers over them. And now it is time to return to England, and look back upon Cran- mer, who had been cited to the Court of ivo;»£' ; for nothing could be done againft the perfon of a Metropolitan, before the Pope had taken cognifanceof the caufe, and eighty dayes had feemingly been given to Cranmer, formaking his appearance in the Court of Rome. And though the Pope knew well enough, as well the Archbilhop's readinefs to appear before him, if he were at at liberty, as the impoflibility of making any fuch appearance, as the cafe then ftood • yet at the end of the faid eigh- ty dayes he is pronounced by the Pope, tobecontumacious, and for his contumacy tobcdegraded, excommunicated, and finally delivered over tothefecularMagiftratc, According unto which Decree a Commillion hd.nc&i^'antoEdmond Bonner, Billiop of Z/(9'?^o«, &nd Thomas Z hurl- by, Bifhop of Ely, to proceed in the Degradation of the faid Archbi- (hop, who caufcd him to be degraded. Afterthis, and before hiideatli, great pains was taken by a Spanilh Frier, in the Univerlity, to perfvade D d him 2 01 Xl)t i^ittojv Of him to a retraSion of his former Opinions, by whom it was fuggefted to him. How acceptable it would be to the King and Queen, how gain- ful to himfelf, in regard both of his foul and of hi5 temporal being, put- ting him in goad hope, that he (houldnot only have his life, bucfaerc- ftorcd again to his ancient Dignity, &c. if he would but fubfcribe his. name to a piece of Paper, which was made ready for his hand. By thefeand the like alluring temptations he was prevailed upon to fign the Writing, in which were briefly comprehended the chief points of Doi^rine defended in the Church of Rawe, and by him formerly con- demned, both in publick and in private. But all this could not fave him. from being made a Sacrifice to revenge and avarice. The Queen had ftill a vindicative fpirit againft him, for the injury which flie conceived hid been done to her Mother : and the Cardinal ( who hitherto had enjoyed the profits of the See of Canterbury as an Ufufruduary ) was altogether as felicitous for getting a right and title to them as fole proprietary. No way to pacifie one, and tofatisfie the defiresof the other, but by bringing him (when he lead looked for it ) to the fatal Stake. And thither they brought him, and firll he tetrads • bis retracftion, and after puniflieth that hand which had fubfcribed it, by holding it forth into the flame, and fuffering it to be confumed before the reft ot his body hadfelt the fire. The refidue of his body being burnt to allies, his heart was found entire and untouched in the midft of the cin- ders : which poffibly may ferve as a witnefi for him, that his heart ftood-: faft unto the Truth, though withhis hand he had fubfcribediorae Popiih errors. Cardinal Poo/ received Gonfecration to the See of Canterbury, the ve- ry next Sunday ^ittCranmer's death. No fewer than two hundred are reported to have beenburnt by bloody Bonner, the moft eminent of all which number was Mr. John Phiipot, . Archdeacon oi Wlnchejter , whoj though of Gardner's Diocefs, was condemned by Bonner, Gardiner beirtg well enough contemed to find out the Game, and leave it to be followed by that bloody Hunter. Dr. fshn Chrifiepherfon, Billiop of Chichejter, is recorded to have burnt ten in one fire at Ltvuis^ and fevemeen others at feveral times in fundry places, among which was jR«c/?4r(iiyb(7,afw/J«, oi Warbleton in Suj/ex^ that nota- ble Martyr, and four at A'fajfisld, viz. John H^t^ Thomoi Ravenfdal, aShoomaker, and a Collier; Harpfield, Archdeacon of London, and Thornton, the Suffragan of Dow)', are faid to have poiu-ed out blood like water. The fame is faid of Griffin oi Roche fier, and Downing, Chancellor of Norxvith. The fame charafter is given of BiHiop Bjiyn of Coventry and Litchfield, who burned many faithful Minifters and •others. In all the Province of Tork I find none brought to the Stake but &BQrge M^frfii of C^;y?(;r, condemned thereto b.y Eifliop Coles, Befides the.; \/l \ t!)e CI)ttttl)Of Great Britain. loj the burning of Bi(\:iopFarrar,zt Carmarthen, by Biflibp Morgan, and of Rawlins, and White, at Cardiff, by Bifliop Kitching: No great cru- elty feeras to have been aded in the four Welfli DJoceffes. In the Diocefs of Exeter, Wells, Peterhorengh, and Lincoln ( though this laft the great- " eft in the Kingdom ) I find mention but of one a piece : of two in that of £ly, and of no more than three apiece in that of Brifiol, and Sarisbury ; for at iVew^ary were burnt that hmoasfuUiK Palmer, with two others. Doftor Tanftal, Bifliop of Durham , was in Queen Maries tiitie no great perfecutor, bis Biflioprick had dayesof quiet under him. When Mr.Rupl, a Preacher was brought before him, and Doftor /i/Z^iwr, his Chancellor, would have had him examined more ftriftiy, the Bifliop flayed him, faying. Hitherto we have had a good report among our Neigh- bours, J pray you bring not this mans blood upon my Head. The Bifliop of Carlijle alfo was a man of a moderate temper. The Pope had publiflied a Bull in prints, Anno 1556. in which he .,..., . threatened excommunication to all perfons that kept any Church-lands ^ILH , unto themfelves, as alfo all Princes and Magiftrates, that did not put the ' '' fame in execution. Which though it did not edifie much in the Realm oi England, yet it found more obedience in that of //-e/^w^, in which a Parliament being called, ia June i$^j. there paffed an Aft for repealing of Statutes, Articles, and Provifions made againft the See of Rome, fince the twentieth year of King Henry the Eighth, and for abolifliing of fe- veral Ecdcfiaftical poffellions, conveyed to the Laity, as alfo for the ex- " tinguifliment of Firft-fruits atid Twentieth parts ( no more than the year- ly paymentof the Twentieth part, having been laid by Aft of Parliament upon the Clergy of /j'fto*^) in the firft and laft daufe whereof, as they followed the example of the Realm of £«fto^, fo poflFibly they might have given a dangerous example to it in the other poincif by the Queens death, which followed fliortly after. King Philip, and the Popes, had not loft all their power and influence on the Engiilh Nation ; by means whereof there was no farther progrefsin the Reflitution of the Abbey- tands, no more re-edifying the old Religious houfes, and no intention for the founding ^ny new. Cardinal P(/o/f, having vifued his own Diocefs, and given outdiyers printed Articles, to fliew liis great care for the fupprelTing the growth of Herefie, fent his Commillioners to C^»^n:ce, the Prince of Mantu^a, the Duke of Montperfier and Lo>igueville , with lix others of the prime Nobility, and many o:hersof lefs note, being taken prifoners. The Duke of AngHien, the Vifcount Turifj, mod of the Foor-Captains, and the common Souldiers, to the number of two thou- fand five hundred, were ilain upon the place. King FhiUp ftormed St. Quimin on the eighteenth day. After which ferv ice, the Englill? findi gfomenegiefi from King I'hilif, defiredtobe difmiffedinco their Country, which was indulged unto them. By wbofedifmiflion King Vbilif coBld do no adion of importance in the reft of the War.- Bat t lie Queen fliall pay dearly for this Viftory. The Englifh were then poffcfTed of the Town of Calais-, with many other Forts therear bout, zsGuifnefs, Humes, Ardres, &c. together with the wlisle Terr ritory, a Town fituate on the mouth of the Englifh Chanel, oppofits lO Dover, and diflantnot abovetwenty five miles from it. ,-King Edward ihe Third, after a Siege of more than eleven months, became Mafter of fe, Anno 1 547. by whom it was firftmade a Colony of the Englifh Na- tion, and after one of the Staple-Towns for the iale of VVooll : kept with great care b-y his SuccefTors, who, as k>ng as they had it ia their hand, were faid to carry the Keys of France at their Girdle: a Town which, for more than two hundred years had been in poffeflion of the EnglilK The Queen Iwd broke the peace with France, and taken no care to fortifie this place in this time of War. Then the Duke oLCtiife, one of the beft Souldiers-of that Age, now called back out of haty, being inform- ed by the Governor of iZ«//oi>«, that the Town .was neither fo well for- tified, nor fo ftrongly garriloned, but that it might eafily be taken, oa New-ycars-day fate down before ir, and on Twelfth-day had it furrendred t»p unto him, by tiieLord Depmy Wentwerth, who had the chief go- vernment of ir. Gfiiffieffe, Harnes, and all the other Forts in.the Coua- sy of Oye were reduced under the power of the French within few diyes after. The Pope is difpleafed with Cardinal Poo/> by whoft perfwafian^ it was thought, that the Queen had broke her League with France, to take part with her Husband: therefore he deprives Pool of theLegandne power, confers the fame upon Vnit Feitow, an Englifh-man by birth, and of good defcent, whom he defigns alfo to the See of Sarisbury, then void b-y the death of Cafcn. Kara, the Queens Agent with the Pope, adva^cifeib.her of thtk fecrer pracSicci . Fool layes by the Crofs of his Legaiioti tl)t CljUTCl) of Great Britain. ' 205 Legation, and abftains from the exercife of liis Bulls and Faculties. Petiew, the mw Cardinal-Legac, puts liimfelf on tlieway to England, when the Queen commandeth him, at his perils not toadvcncure tofec foot on EngJifh ground. Peitow died in j4pril following, the rupture Was made up again, and Pool was confirmed in the pofTeffionof his for- mer powers. And thereupon folJowed the burning divers perfons in the Diocefs of Canterbury, whei eof two fuffered at ^(iford, and fix in his- own Metropolitan City. Thefe Godly Martyrs, in their prayers which they made before their Martyrdom , delired God , that their blood might be the laft that fliould be (lied, and fo it came to pafs. The number of prohibited Books increafing every day more and more, a Proclamation was fet forth on June the fixth, to hinder the conti-- nual fpreadingof fo great a mifchief. Which Proclamation, though it- were very fmarc, yet not fo full of rigour as another, which came out at the burning of feven perfons in S/wif/.'^e/ia/, publiflied both at Newgate, wbpre they were imprifoncd, and at the Stake where they were to fuffer, whereby itwas ftraitly charged and commanded. That noman fliould ei^ ther fray fo>; or J'peak^ to them, or once fay, God help them. Which Proclamation notwithftanding , Bemham , the MinJilcr of one of the ZWow Congregations, fceingthefirefec to them, turning his eyes itnto the people, and cried, We kjiow they are the People of God, and therefore xoe cannot chufe but wijli well to them, and fay, God flrengthen them. And fo hefaid, Almighty God, for Chrifi's fake firengthen them. With that all the.-people, with one confent, cried. Amen, Amen.-- It was very admirable, that the Proteftants lliould have a Congre- gation under Banners nofe, yet fo itwas : and in one of thofe .Congre.- gations, whereof 5e«f/?, the Nuns of Sio>7, together with theManfion hoafcs re-edified for the Obfervan-s of Greenwich, and iht Bbck-friers in Smthfield. In paffing the Aft of the Saprenaacy there was fome trouble; it Jeemed to be a thing even abhorrent in Nature and Polity, that aWo- ■man fhould be declared to bethe Supreme Head on Earth of the Church of England. But the Queen declined the Title of Head, andaffumed the name of Governor of the Church of England. This Aft having ea- fily pafTed the Houfe of Commons, found none of the Temporal Lords in the Houfe of Lords to oppofe it, fave onely the Earl of Shrewsbury, and Anthony Brown Vifcount Montacnte. As for the Bi/hop;, there . were but fourteen, and the Abbot of Weftm'mfier, then alive : of whom. four being abfent , the reft could not make any confiderable oppo- fition. In the Convocation of the Clergy there pafFed certain Articles of Re- ligion, which they tendered to the Parliament, which were thefe. I. That in the Sacrament of the Altar, by the vertue of Chrlf ajjifi- ingy after the word is duly pronounced by the Prieft, the natural' Body of Chrift , conceived by the Virgin Mary is reaHy jirefent , under the Species of Bread and Wine , alfo his natural Blood. IJ. That after the Confecratiou , there remains not ihf fubfiance of Bread and Wine, ?2or any other fubiia>we, fave the fubftance of God and Man. 1.1 1. That the true Body of Chriji , and his true Blood is offered a pro- pitiatory Sacrifce for the quicksand dead, ly. 7h.it the fupreme power ^f feeding and governing the Militant Church of chrift, at/d ^confirming their Brethren, is given to Peter the Apoftle, andtohislawfnlSucceJforsinthe See Apoftolicky as unto . the Vicars of Christ. Y^. That the Authority to handle and define fuch things which belong to Faith, the Sacraments, and Difcipline Ecclefiaflical, hath hither- to ever belonged, and onely ought to belong unto the Paftors of the , Church, whom the Holy Spirit hath placed in the Church of God, and nqt unto Lay-men.. This Remonftrance exhibited by the lower houfe of Convocation to rh® Bifhops , was, according to their Requefts, prefented by Edmond Bonner, Bifliop oi London, to the Lord Keeper of the Broad-feal of England in the Parliament. Both llniverfities did concur to the troth of the forefaid Articles, the ,laA oneJy excepted,. Tb» tfte Cl)Ut:ct) of Great Britain. an This Declaration of the Popifli Clergy haftened the difputation ap- pointed on the Uft v(Afiirchy in the Church of Wefiminfier, wherein thefe Queftionswere debaied. I. Whether Service and Sacraments oUght t« be celehratedin the vulgar Tongue ? I I. whether the Church hath net power te alter Ceremonies ? III. whether the Mafs he a propitiatory Sacrifice for the living and the dead. Popifli Difputants. White Bifliop of Winchefier. Watfon Bifhop of Lincoln. Baynes Bifliop of Coventry and Litchfield. Scot Biihopoi CHESTER. \ Protcftant Difputants. John Scory late Bifliop of Chiehefier. David Whitehead. Robert Horn. Edmond Gweft. idwyn Sandys. John Elmer, Edmond Grindal. foha fuel. Moderators. Nicholas Heath , Archbifliop of Terk, Sir Nicholas Bacon , Lord Keeper of the Great Seal. Befides the Difputants, there were prefent many of the Lords of the Queens Council, with other of the Nobility, asalfomany of the lower Houfc of Parliament, For the manner of their conference, it was agreed it fliould be performed in writing, and that the Bifljops fliould deliver their Reafons in writing firft. Many differences arofe between them, fo that the conference broke off, and nothing was determined. The Bifliops of Lincoln and Wirxhefiier thought meet, that the Queen and the Authors of this defedion from the Church of ^owe, fliould be Excommunicated, who for this caufc wereimprifoned. Then a Peace being made, was Proclaimed over all England, betwixt the Qnt^noi England, iheKingof i='rop QiYgr\, lived privately man^y years in. his Mannor of Chobham in l^mrey, never reftrained to any one place, and died in great favour with the Quieen, who bellowed many gratious vifits upon him, daring his retirement. Tonfial qI Durhan fpent the remain- der of his time with Archbifliop Parker, by whom he was kindly enter- jained, and honourably bm-ied. The like civility was afforded to Thurl- by Bifliop of Ely in the fame houfe, and unto Bearfi of IVeHs, by. the Dean of Exon, inwhich two houfes they both died about ten years af- ter. White, though at firftimprifoned for his faults, after fome cooling himfelf in the Tower of X,o»(^w, wasfuffercd to enjoy his Mberty, and , to retire hirofelf to what friend he pleafed : Which favour was vouch- fafed unto Tmbervil alfo, who being a Gentleman by extraAion wan- ted not friends to give him good entertainment. Watfon oi Lincoln, af- ter a fliort reftraint, fpent the remainder ofhis time with theBilhopsof Recheflsr and Ely • till having praftifed againfc the StatC;, he was fliut up in the- Caftle of Ff^»;/j;ci, where at lall: he died. Qglethorp died i'oon after his deprivation , of an Apoplexy, Bayn of the Stone, and Ador^ gan in December following. Peol enjoyed the like freedom, and died in a good old age. Chriftopherfen lived on his Eftatc. Bonner alone was doomed taa perpetual imprifonment ; the prifon proving to that wretch ( faith Dr. Heylin ) his greateft Sanftuary, whofe horriiButcberies had Qtheiwife cxpofed bioa to the popular fury.,. . ^ " We t!)e CljUrdj of Great Britain. 21; We find no more to have been deprived of their preferments, than fourteen Bifhops, fix Abbots, Priors, and Governors of Religious Or- ders, twelve Deans, and as miny Archdeacons, fifteen Prelidents or Mafters of CoiJedges, fifty Prebendaries of Cathedral Churches, and about eighty Parfons or Vicars. The whole number not amounting to two hundred men, which in a Realm confifting of nine thoufand Pari!J;es, and twenty lix Cathedral Churches, could be no great matter. But there was not afufficient number of Learned men to fupply the ^^ p wyUns Cures, which filled the Church with an Ignorant Clergy, whofe Lear- Hiftory of ning went no further than the Liturgy, or the Book of Homilies, but Queen Eti-\, > othcrwife conformable (which was no fmall felicity) to the Rules of the Church. And on the" other fide many were raifed to great prefer- ments, who having fpent their time of exile in fuch Forreign Churches as followed the platform oi Geneva ; returned fo difaffefted to Epifcopal Government, unto the Rites here by Law eftabiiOied, as not long after filled the Church with moil; fad diforders : On which account we find • the Queens Profeffor in Oxford, among the Non-conformift$, and Cart- - vfrightthi Lady Margaret's in Cambridge. VV^'ittinghAm the Ring-lea- der of the Franckfon dividers, was preferred to the Deanery of Bur- - ham : Sampfen to the Deanery of Chrifi-chttrch, and within few years after turned out for a rigid Non-conformift. Hardimcn, one of the firft twelve Prebendaries of the Church of Weflminfier, deprived foon - after for throwing down the Altar, and defacing the Veftments of the Church. Whether it were by the Pope's inftigatioh, or by by the ambition of - the Dauiphin who had then Married the Qu?en of Scots , the Scottilh Queen affumeth unto her fclf the Style and Title of Queen of England , quartereth the Armes thereof upon all her Plate, and in all Armories and Efchurcheons as (he had occafion. A folly that Queen Elizabeth ■ could nev^r forget nor forgive ; and this engaged her the more rtfolute- ly in that Reformation fo happily begun. And to that purpofe ihefets . out by advice of her Council a certain Body of Injundions, accommo- dated to the temper of the prefent time : wherein fcvere courfe was taken about Minifters Marriages, the ufe of Singing, and the Reverence in Divine Worihip to be kept in Churches ; the polture of the Commu- nion-table, and the Form of Prayers in the Congregation. By the Injundions, fhe made way to her Vifitation, Executed by Commiffioners in their feveral Circuits, and regulated by a Book of Articles printed and pubHlh^d for that purpofe. Proceeding by which Articles, the Commiifioners removed all carved Images out of the Church, which had been abufed to Supcrftition , defacing alio all fuch Piftures, Paintings, as fcrved for the fetting forth feigned Miracles. They enquired, alfo into the life and doftrine of Miniftcrs, iheir dili- gence in attending their feveral Cures ; the decency of their apparel, . the J 214 ^ Xlje if tao^y of Hry'/VsHift ^^^^ refpeft of the Parifliioneis toward them j the reverent behaviour cf oi'Q.E//v^' ^" manner of perfonsin God's Worfhip, &c. fay means whereof the Cliurch was fetled and confirmed in io good an Order, that the work was made morceafie to the Bilhops, when they came to Govern, than otherwife it could have been. In Londo-:-, the Vilitors were Sir Richard Sackyil, Father to Thomas Earl of Dorfet; Robert Hern, [oou Sifier Bi(hop of yVincheJkr-^ Doftor Hnick^, a Civilian^ and ot)e Salvage, a Common Lawyer j who calling before them divers Perfons of every Pari/}), gave them an Oath to en- quire and prefent upon fuch Articles and Injunrtions as were given unto them. In purfuance whereof they burnt in Sr. Pad's Church-yard , Cheapfide, and other places of the City, all the Roods and other Images which had been taken out of the Churches. And in fome place^ the Copes, Veftments , Altar-doathes, Books, Banners, Sepulchres, and Rood-lofts were burned altogether. A Peace being concluded betwixt England i.ni. prance, although Queen EHz^abeth hud jufl: caVifc to be offended with the young King Francis the Second, for caufing the Queen of Scots his Wife, to take upon her felf the Title and Armes oi England, yet flie refolved to beftow a Royal obfequy upon the King dcceafed, which was performed in St. P(tul'% Church on the eighth and nineth of September in moft folemn manner. Kellifon the Jefuite, and Parfom from biro, flaunderoufly affirmed. That Archbifliop Parker was confecrated at the Nags-headTivetn in Cheapfide. This flaunder was raifed on this occafioh: In order to his Confecration, the firft thing to be done after the palling the Royal Af- fent for ratifying the eleftionof the Dean and Chapter, was thecon- firmingit in the Court of the Arches, according to the ufual form in Mifon's Con- that behalf- Which being accordingly done, the Vicar General, the fecration of Dean of the Arches, the Proftors and Offcers of the Court, whofe Eifhopsin prefence was required at this Solemnity, were entertained at a Dinner the Church provided for them at the Nags-head Tavern in Cheoffide , for which %fl.up.A. tliough Archbifliop F^r/S^fr paid the fl)Ot,.yet fliail the Church be called " ' to an after-reckoning. But the Records of the Archbiflioprick de- clare, that he was Confecrated in the Chappel, within his Mannor of Lambeth. Thcfe flaunderers knew right well, that nothing did more juftifietljc Church of England in the eye of the World, than that it did preferve a Succeffion of Bifhops, and confequently of all other facred Orders in the Miniftration ; without which as they would not grant it to be a Church, fo could they prove it to be none by no ftronger Argument, than that the Bifliops (or the pretended Bifliops rather in their Opinion) were either not Confecrate at aU, or not Canonicaliy Confecrated as they ought to be. And tljeCljUrCl) of Great Britain. 215 And now we may behold the face of the Church of England, as it was firft fecled and cftabliflied under Queen Elizabeth. The Govern- ment of the Church by Archbi/hops and Rilhops. Thefe Bifliops nomi- nated and eleded according to the Statute in the twenty fixth of King Henry the Eighth, and Confecraced by the Ordinal , confirmed by Parliament, in the fifth and iixth year of King Edward the Sixth, never appearing publickly but in their Rotchets, nor Officiating otherwife than in Copes of the Altar : the Priefts not ftirring out of doors in their fquare Caps, Cowns, or Canonical Coats, nor Executing any Di- vine Service but in their Surplice, The Doftrine of the Church reduced HiyH''' Hift. unto it's antient purity, according to the Articles agreed upon in Con- ofQi^/'K.''*' vocation, ^««ff 1552. The Liturgy conform to the Primitive paterns. The Feftivalspreferved in their former dignity, obferved with their di- ftinft Offices peculiar to them ; the weekly Fafts, the time of Lent, the Errbring weeks, and Rogation fcverely kept, not now by venue of the Statute, as in the time of King Edward, but as appointed by the Church in her publick Calendar before the Book of Common-Prayer. The Sa- crament of the Lord's Supper celebrated in a Reverend manner, the Table feated in the place of the Altar. In the Court the Liturgy was officiated every day, both Morning and Evening, not orieiy in the publick Chappel, but the private Clofet, cele- brated in the Chappel with Organs, and other Mufical Inftruments, and the mofi: excellent voices both of men and children that could be got in all the Kingdom. The Gentlemen and Children in their Surplices, and the Priefts in Copes as oft as they attended the Divine Service at the Altar. The Altar furniflied with rich Plate, two fair gilt Candlefticks i. with Tapers in them, and a Mafly Crucifix in midft thereof: Which ' ' lad remained there for fomc years. The antient Ceremonies cuftoma- bly obferved by the Knights of the Garter in their Adoration toward the Altar were by this Queen retained as formerly in her Father's time. The folemn Sermons Preached upon each Wednefday, Friday, and Lords- day in the time of Lent, Preached by the choycell of the Clergy, llie devoutly heard, attired in black, according to the cuflom of her Pre- deceffors. The Biflioprick oiCarlile was firft profered to Bernard Gilpin^ Reftor Jliip';^' ^^^ of Houghton in the North, but Mr. Gilpin refufed the offer, not that ^yji^in be had any difaffedion to the Office, but becaufe he had fo much kinred about Carlile, at whom He muft cither connive in many things, not with- out hurt to hirafelf, or elfe deny them, not without offence to them. It was afterward given to Dr. fohn Befi , as was (hewed before. As for Miles Coverdale , formerly Bifliop of Exeter, he hever returned to his See,, but remained a private Minifter to the day of his death. Such 2i6 %i)t^moifof Such of the Scots as deiired a Reformation of Religion^ caking ad- vantage by the Queen's abfcence, and want of power in the Queen Re- gent to fupprefs their pradices, had put themfelves into a Body. Headed by fome of the Nobility, they take unto themfelves the name of the CengregMion , managing their own Affairs apart from the- reft of the Kingdom. They petition the Queen Regent , and the Lords of the Council, that the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper might be adminiftred in both kinds. That divine Offices might be celebrated in the vulgar Tongue, and that they might have the choice of their own Miniftcrs. The chief of the party well backed by the common people, put them- felves into Venh , the news whereof occalioneth Mr. A'we.v to leave Geneva, and joyn himfelf to the Lords of the Congregation. Ai Perth he Preacheth againft Images, Idolatry, and other Superftitions of the Church of iJojwe fo bitterly, that the people in a popular fury deface all the Itnages in chat Church, and prefently demolilh all Religious Houfes in that City. Thofe of Confer hearing of it, forthwith deftroyed all Images, and pulled down the Altars in that Church, alfo. Ihe like was done after his Preaching at Craile and St. Andrevos, in thofe places. They burnt down the rich Monaftery of Scone, and ruined that of Cambusken- veth, dcmolifliedall the Altirs, Images, and Covents of Religious pcr- fons in Sterlings Lithgow, GUfcongh, Edenburgh, which laft they pollefs, and put up their own Preachers into all the Pulpits of that City, notfuf- fering the Queen Regent to have the ufe of one Church onely for her own devotions. They alfe deprive the Queen Regent of all place and power in the puWick Government. But flie gathering Forces recovereth Eden- borough, and the chief key of all that Kingdom garifoned by the French, In their extremity Maitland and Melvin being difpatched to the Court of £«^/;?H^, imploring aid from Queen £/;2:,a^«/7. And an Armyisfent into Scotland of fix thoufand Foot and three thoufand Horfe, command- ed by the Lord Gray. Some Ships were alfo fent to block up the haven, and hinder all Relief which might come by Sea to the Town of Leith. At length after divers Articles Tigoed and confirmed for both Kingdoms, the French take their leave oiSco'land-, and the Englifh Army was dif- banded at Berwick- As tht, Congregation was by the Queen put upon aprefent confidence of going vigoroufly on in their Reformation, fo it concern'd them to proceed fo carefully in purfuance of it, as plight comply with the de- pendance which they had upon her. Firft, Therefore they bound themfelves by their fubfcription to em- brace i he Liturgy, with all the Rites of the Church of England, which for a time remained the onely form ofWorlhip for the Kirk oi Scot- hn^. In tee next place, They caufe a Parliament to be called in the moneth of AHgnj}: for the Borcughs there appeared the accuitomed nun:iber, but tl)t Cljttttl) of Great Britain. 217 but of the tords Spiritual no more than fix Bifliops of thirteen, with thirteen Abbots and Priors: and the Temporal Lords to the number of ten Earls, and as many Barons. Three Afts were paffed to the advantage of the Reformation. The firft, was for the aboiifliing the Pope's Jurifdiftion and Authority within the Realm. ( The fecond , for annulling all Statutes made in former times for maintenance of Idolatry and Superftition. The third, fopthepunifliing the Sayers and Hearers of theMafs, To this Parliament alfo fome of the Minifters prefented a Confeflion of the Faith and Doftrine to be believed and profcffed by the Proteftants of the Kirk of Scotland : which being put to the Vote, was oppofed but by three of the Temporal Lords. The Popifli Prelates were lilent in it : which being obferved by the Earl Marftial, he broke out into thefe words. Seeing (" faith He ) that my Lords the Bijhops, who by their Learn' ing can, and for the sieal they fljould have to the Truth, ought, oi Ifuppofe, to gainfay any thing repugnant to it, fay nothing againfi the Confejfion we have heard, I cannot thinks but that it is the very Trmh of Cod, and that the contrary of it isfalfe Do&rine. The Queen was now as aftive in advancing the Reformed Religion in Ireland, as flie had been in either of the other Kingdoms. A Parlia- ment is therefore held on fanuAry 12. where paft an Aft reftoring to the Crown the antient Jurifdiftion over all Ecdefiaftical and Spiritual Perfons. By which Statute were eftabliflied both the Oath of Supre- macy, and the High Commillion, as before in £w^/;?w^. There paft alfo an Aft for the Uniformity of Common-Prayer, &c. with a permiflion wyiWi fliil. for faying the fame in Latin, in thofe Churches where the Minifter hzd^^'^^.Ux/u. not the knowledge of the Englirti Tongue. The people by that Sta- tute are requiretf, under feveral penalties, to frequent their Churches, and to be frequent at the reading the Englifh Liturgy , which they undcrftand as little as the Mafs ; by which means the Irifli were kept in ignorance , as to the Doflrines and Devotions of the Church of England. There alfopafl; another Statute for reftoring to the Crown the firft- fruits , and twenty pans of all Ecdefiaftical promotions within that Realm, as alfo of all Impropriate Parfonages. The like A'9; pafled for reftoring all fuch Lands belonging to the Knights of St. "john of Jeru- falem. An Aft was alfo paft for the recognition of the Queen's juft Title to the Crown, as before in England. The Queen lefc the prolecution of the work to her Bifhops and Clergy: But they fo difllpsted the. Re- venues of their feveral Bifhopricks, by long Leafes, Fee-farines, aiid plain Alienations, that to fome of their Sees they left no more than a Rent F f of ' 21 8 %i)t m^oiv of of five Marks per attmn}, to others a bare yearly Rent of forty fliillingSj to thegreatdi(honour of God, diflervice. of the Church, and theperpe- tuil Ignominy of themfelves. Now Return we again to England, where we find Reverend Jewel, newly confecrared Bilhop ofSalisbury, to have Preached a Sermon at Fad's Crof?, on i Cor. II. 23* Th^t which I delivered to you, I received of the Lord, &c, on Mardo^o- 1,560. There he pubii/hed that memo- rable Challenge, which fo much exercifed the Pens and Studies of the. RomilL Clergy,. Bifliop ^eB'f/'s Ghalenge. If any Learned man of our Adverfaries, or all the Learned men that be alive, be able to bring any one fufficient fcntencc, out of any old Gatholick Doftor, or Father, or General Council, or Holy Scripture, or any one Example in the Primitive Church, whereby it may be clear- ly and plainly proved, during the firft fix hundred years. I. That there xv.u at that time any private Mafs in the World. II. Or that there woi then any Communion miniftred unto the people in one kind. II I. Or that the Feofle had their Common-Prayer in afirange Tongue. I V. Or that the Bi^op of Rome ir^ then called the Head of the Vni^ vtrfal Church. ** v.. Or th.it the People were then taught to believe ^ that Chrift's Body is really, Subjiantially, Carnally, Corporally or Naturally in the Sacra- ment. , V. I. Or that his Body is or may he in a thoufand places or mer4 at one time. VI I. Or that the Prieftdid then hold up the Sacrament over his head. V.JII. Or that the People dtd then fall dovtn and IVorJhip it with godly honour. 1 X. Or that the Sacrament was then, and now ought to he hanged up undrr a Canopy. X\ Or that in the Sacrament, after the words of Confecration, there re» mained onely the accidents andjhews, without the fubjtance of Bread and Wine.. XI. Or that then the Priejls divided the Sacrament into three parts, and afterwards received Himfelf all alone. XT T Or that whcfoever had [aid the Sacrament is a Figure, a Pledge,^ a Tfken, er a Remembrance .of ChriB's Bsdy , had therefore been _ 'jUdgiji for an Heretickj XJ II. Or that it j??^ lawfdfhm to have thirty, twenty, &c. MaJla Jf^id fft one day,. XI.V. Of^ — =TfS»rSP»335W3=?rr tije Ct)UUl) Ot Great Britain. 219 ;"-,n^i-pu.ii -'■ XI V. Or that Images were thenfet itp in the Churches to the intent the people p^oitldwor (hip them, X V. Or that the Lay-people were then forbid to read the Word of God in their ownTenghe. XVI. Or that it was- then lavffdfor the PrieH- to pronounce the words of Con fe elation ctofcly, or in private to Himfelf. XVII. Or that the PrieJl had then authority to offer up Chriit unto his Father. XVIII. Or to receive the Sacrament for another as they do, XIX. Or to apply the vertue of Chris's death to any man by the means of the Mafs. X X. Or that it was then thought a found DoStrine to teach the People, that Mafs, Exopere operaco, is able to remove any part of our fin. XXI. Or that any Chrijlian man called the Sacrament of the Lord, his God. XXII. Or that the People were then taught to believe, that the Body of ChriB remaineth in the Sacrament as long as the Accidents of Bread andWine remain there withom corruption. XXIII. Or that a Monfe, or any other Worm or Beait, way eat the Body of ChriB. XXIV. Or that when Chriftfaid, Hoc eft corpus meum, the word [[Hoc] pointed not the Bread^ but Individuum Vagum, as fome of them fay. X X V. Or that the Accidents, Formes, or Shews of Bread and Wine, be the Sacrament of Chris's Body and Blood, and not rather the very Bread and Wine it felf. XXVI. Or that the Sacrament is a Token , or fign of the Body of ChriFt that lieth underneath it. XXVII. Or that Ignorance is the Mother and Caufe of true de^ votion. The Condufion is. That then I Jhall be content toyieldafidfahfcribe. This Chalenge being publiflied in fo great an Auditory ftattled the Englilh Papifts both at home and abroad. The bulinefs was firft agitated by the exchange of friendly Letters betwixt Bifliop fewel, and Dr. Henry Cole, the lare Deanof.S;. ,AWi,; more violently followed in a Book of /Jz,iibeih, by the Couai of -,, Ff 2 Ftria, 22 O %\)t ^iHmv of peria, takes a more rooderate courfe, hyL_fending Vincent ParpaUa, Ab- bot of St. SAviours, with courteous Letters unto her. ParpaUa was in- ftrnfted to offer in the Name of the Pope, That the Englifli Liturgy Diould be confirmed, theufcofthe Communion in both kinds allowed of: And that all fentcnces pafTcd, in the Court of Rofje, againlc herMd- ther fliould be refcinded, upon condition fhe would own the Pope's Pri- macy, and cordially unite her felt co the Cacholi.k Church : yea fome thoufands^ of Crowns f but all in vain) were promifed to the effeders thereof. But for all this the Abbot came no nearer than Bruxels wirlv his Bulls and Faculties , not being fuffered to fee Foot on Englifli ground. Now another Enemy quarrels at the Rhes and Extrinfecals of the Church: Thofe that for Religion fled to Frankford in Queen Marie's days, after her death haftened into England : followed not long after by the Brethren of the Separation, which retired from chcnce unto Geneva. Some Friends they had about the Qoeen, zni.Calvin make's ufe of all bis power and credit , both with the Queen and Cecil { as appears by his Letters unto both ) to advance their ends. And he was feconded therein by Peter A^Artyr. But the Queen refolved to keep up the Church ia fuch outward fplendor, as might make it every way confiderable in the e^'e of the World : when therefore they faw the Liturgy impofed by AtS^ of Parliament, and fo many Epifcopal Sees fopplied with able Pa- llors, they beg^n to revive the quarrels raifed in King Edward's time, . about Gaps, and Surplices, &c. faith Dr. Heylin. And herein they were feconded ( as before in King Edwards tfme ) by the fiuie ?eter Martyr, as appears by his Letters to a namelefs friend, bearrng date ai Zurich^ Novemyer 5. 1560. to which he added his diflike in another of C his Letters, touching the Cap, the EpifcopalHabit, the Churche's Patri- mony : the manner of proceeding to be held againft Papifts ; the Peram- bulation ufed in the Rogation week, d"c. in which his judgement was defired. But thefe helps being too far off, another projeft was fee on foot. . Gryndd, the aevi B'ifhop of London, was known to have- a great refpeft £0 Calvin- the bufinefs therefore is fo ordered, thzt by Calvin's LeueiS' to Gryndal, and the friends they had about the Queen, way iJiould be- given to-fuch of the French Nation- as had repaired hither, to enjoy the- freedom of their own Religioni to bavr a Gtiurch unto^ themfeives, and- rn that Church not onely to erefttheG'e>?evi^«I>ifcipline, but to fet up- a Jorm of Prayer ( faith Dr. Heylin ) which /hould hold no conformi^ ty with the Englilfe Liturgy. This was effefted. And now there is another Church in London, as different from the Church of England in Government and Forms of worftiip, isihztoifobn ^4/4/7>-// 1566. the Timber-work of the Roof was not onely fitted, but compleatly covered. And now the Pope's Nuncio being advanced already in his way to Eng' to^rjas far as Flanders , expefteth the Queen's pleafure touching his admittance : for the Pope could not be taken off from fending his Nuncio to the Queen, with whom he conceived himfelf to ftand upontermes of ^ Amity. But the Queen perfevered in her firft intent, affirming fhe could ;t*«",.*: not treat with the Bifliop of Rome, whofe authority was excluded out of EngUidhY confent of Parliament. The greateft obftacle to the Nua- cio's coming was partly laid by the indifcretion of fome Papiftg in Eng- land, and partly by the precipitancy of the Pope's Minillers in Ireland-^ for fundry ill-difpofed perfons upon the noife of the Nuncio's coming, not onely brake the Laws made againfl: the Pope and his Authority, but fpread abroad flaunderous reports, that the Queen was at the point to change her Religion, and alter the government of the Realm. Some alfo had praftifed with the Devil by Conjurations, Charms, and calling of Figures, to be informed in the length of her Majefties Reign. And on the other fide the Pope's Legate being at the fame time in Ireland, joyned himfelf to fome defperate Traitors, who flirred'up rebellion there, and. as much as in him was had deprived the Queen of all Right and Title to that Kingdom. Upon which grounds it was carried clearly at theCoun- cil-boord againft the Nuncio, notwithftanding the Ir^terceffion of the French, the Spaniard, or the Duke of u4lva. Yet notwithftanding the Emperor Ferdinand lends- to peifwade the Queen to return to the old Religion, at leaft that Ihe would fet apart fome Churches to the ufeof the Catholicks. To whom flie anfwcred, Tkxt (he hadfetled her Religion onfo fure a Botto « , that j7;? conld not eajt" ly be changed, ^nd for granting Churches to the Papijis, it did not con' jiji with tht Polity and good Laws of the Land. Then divers abufes ariling.in the Church, Archbilliop Parker found it neceffary to have recourfe unto the power which was given 10 iiim by ths Queen's Commiffion, andby aclaufe of the Ad of Parliament, For the 'Uniformity ofCemmoa-Prayer andfervice in the Chn.ch, Sec. As one of tte-: ^J-.-- •214 %i)t m^oiv ot tile Commiflioners for caufes- Ecdefiaftica!, be was authorized with the reftof his Affociatcs, To reform, redrefs, order, corred and amend all fuch Errors , Herefies , Schifmes, Abufes, Offences, Contempts, ani Enormidcs whatroever, as might from time to time arife in the Church . of England. ; And in chepafTage of the Ad forementioned it was provided. That all fuch Ornaments of the Church and the Miniftcrs thereof fliould be re- tained, as were in the Chmxh oi Eng'ar.d, by Authority of Parliament, in the fecond year of King Edward the Sixth, until] further order fhouid be taken therein from the Queen's Majefty, e^c. And alfo if there fhall happen any contempt or irreverence to be ufed in the Rires of the Church, by the mifufing of the Orders of the faid Book of Common- Prayer, the Queen might by theadvifeof the Commiffioners or Metro- politan, ordain or publifh fuch further Ceremonies or Rites, as fliould be mod for the advance of God's glory, the edifying the Church, crc. Hereupon the Archbilliop, by the Queen's confenc, and the advice of fonie of the Bifliops, fets forth a«rtain Book of Orders to be dili- gently obferved , and executed by all perfons whom it might con- cern. Hn'w.Hift- In which it was provided. That no Parfon, Vicar, or Curate of any o(<^Kii\i'0' exempt Church, fliould from thenceforth attempt to conjoyn, by folem- .^■iK.Rtg.-i,. nization of Matriaiony , any not being of his or their Parifli-churcb, without good Teftimony of the3ains being ask'd in the feveral Churches where they dwell, or oiherwife were fufficiently Licenfed. That no other days fliould be obferved as Holy-days and Fafting-days, but onely fuch as be exprefled in the Calendar, lately fet forih by the Queen's Authori- ty. That neither the Curate.s or Parents of Children which arc brought toBaptifm, fliould anfwerfor them at the Font, but that the antient ufe of Godfathers and Godmothers fliould ftill be retained; and that in all fuch Churches in which the fteps to the Altar were not taken down, the faid fteps fliould remain as before they did. That the Communion-Tzble fliould be fet in the faid place where the fteps then were, or had formerly flood : and that the Table of the Decalogue Ihould be fixed upon the wall over the faid Communion-Table. This year the Merchants Tailors School in London was founded , firft by the Mafter, Wardens, and Afiiftants , of the Company of Merchants Tailors, whence it had the name, and by them founded for a Seminary to St. 'John's in Oxford, built and endowed at the fole cofts of one of their Liveiy. But of a far more private nature was the Foundation of another Grammar School in the Town of Sandwich , built at the charge of Sir Roger Afanrvood, and endowed with forty pound fcr anruii. The Council of Trent being now opened, it was faid in that Council, that i. was good to let the Proteftants alone, and not name them, alledg- ing tDcCl)tttCft of Great Britain. 225 ing the danger of moving ill humors in a Body which was then quiet. To give a fafe conduft to the Englifli-men, which neither They nor any of them did require, were a great indignity. They were content it fliould be given to the Scots, becaufe their Queen would demand it, but fo as that the demand fliould firft be made. But the Englifli Proteilant Biftops would not venture themfelves into that Council on fuch weak affurance. confidering how ill the fafe conduft had been formerly kept to John Hus, and Jerom of Fra?uf, at the Council of Conftance. And the Queen kept the Papal party iafe from gadding thither. Then Scipio-, a Venetian Gentleman ( formerly acquainted with Mafter Jewel, whil'ft he was a Student at Padua ) wrote now an cxpoftulating Letter unto him, being lately made Bifhop of Sarisbury, in which he much admireth, that England fliould fend no AmbafTador, nor Letter, nor MefTage, to excufe their Nation's abfence from the General Appear- ance of Chriftianity in that Council, ^c. Bifliop Jevfel returned, him fuch an Anfwer, that neither 5c/p;o himfelf, nor any other of that party . durft reply upon him. The Anfwer is to be found at large at the end of the Hifliory of this Council, Tranflated by Sir Nathanael Brent. At this time it wasadvifed, by Zfw« Prince ofConde, the Cardinal Chaflilion, and other principal leaders of the Proteftant party in France, that they fliould put themlelves under the protedion of the Queen of England, v/ho had not long before fo fealonably relieved the Scots in the like diftrcfs. The Queen had been fecretly advertifed of all pafl'ages there by %\t NichelMThrogmorton, her Majeftie'sRefident in that Kingdom. It being agreed on between them, that the Queen fliould fupply the Prince of Cow^e, and his Aflbciates with a fufficient quantity of Money, Corn, and Ammunition, for the fervice of the French King, againfttbe praftices of the Houfe of Guife-) and that the Town of Ncyr-b.nven fliould be put into her Majeftic's hands, to be garrifoned by Engiifli Souldiers. Immediately a raanifeftwas publiflied in the name of the Queen, where- in was declared, that flie bad obferved, how the Guifian Fadion, in the names of the Qneen-Mother of France^ and the young King, had en- deavoured to root out the ProfefTors of the Reformed Religion, and wliac maffacres had been made at F^/T^', /'^>'*y, Sene, Tholoitfe, Bloys-, Touers, Angler-, and other places ; that tl ere were thought to be Butchered no lefs than an hundred thoufand of the natural Franch, between the firfl: of March and the twentieth of ^Hguji then laftpalt : that with the like violence they had caufed to be fpoiied and imprifoned fuch of her Mi- jeftie's Subjeds as Traded in the Portsof Brctaign, and fuch as fouglit to preferve themfelves, to be killed, their goods and Merchandize to be I'eized, without charging any other crime upon them bur that ri cy were Hugonots j and that in conlideration of the preniifes flie could do no Icfs G g than a.26 ' Xt)C ^imtV Of than endeavour the preferving the Reformed ReligioPj from an univerfal deftrfliftion, and the maintaining her own Subjefts and Dominions in peace and fafety. The ayd amounting to fix thoufand men, was divided ■ into two equal parts, of which the one was deftined to the defence of Roven and Decf, then being in the hands of the Confederates, the other to takepoffeffion of theTownof Nevo-haven^ y/ihich by the Inhabitants was joyfully furrendred to the Englilh. The Lord A>rihrofe Dudley, the eldeft Son then living.of the late Duke of Northumberland, flie fcnt to command that placCj whom on Decemh. 26. She had created Lord Lijle, and Earl oiWArwick^, where he was folemnly received with a peal of Ordnance. A petit Rebellion hapned in Merton-colledge in Oxford. The War- denfhip of that houfe being voyd by the death of Gervafe, one Man is chofen to the place ; one Hall and his Popifli fadtion oppofed his ad- miffion, and raifed fuch a perfecution, that it was poenal for any to be a Proteftant. Archbifliop Piierl^r hearing of it, fummoneth Wall to appear before him, but the feal of the citation was torn off by fome of that party. Hereupon the ArchbiQjop made a folemn vilitation of that CoUedge, wherein all were generally examined, Man confirmed \, orHoufes, into long Leafes or Fee. But on the other fide no fifety or Prozeftion couid be found for the Queen's own Religion^ no not lo much as the Chappel Royal, or the Regal City. In contempt whereof a force was violently committed in the moneth df .:; ^iigitji in the Chappel of the Palace of Holy-rood tloufe, where certain of the Queen's fervanti were afTembled^for their own devotions, the doors broke open, fome of the Company haled to the nest prifon, and the reft difperfed, the Priefb efcaping with difficulty by a private paf- fage, the Queen b;ing then abfsnt in the North, In France the City and CalHe of Cane betieged by the confederate forces both French and E)7gl>p, was finally fui rendred to the Admiral Chiifiilton to the ufcof the Princes. After which followed the furrendry of Baieux, Fdeife, S. Lads, and divers other Towns and Caftles. The " Town of W.ircflzVf on the Seine was gallantly taken by the help of the Englifl] of Neir/j.jw/? on the tenth of Alarch, and garrifoned by fuch Souldiers and Inhabitants as were lent from thence. Thefe fucceffes amazed the Gitijim faftion, that they agreed unto an Edift of Pacifit cation, by the which the French forces were reftored to the King's favour, the Hugonots to the free excrcife of their own Religion. But they muft buy this happinefs by betraying tbeE-riglUji, whom they had brought into tlie Counirey, and joyn their forces with the. reit to drive them out of New-h.-iiien, if they would no: yield it on demand. The French clofely bellege the Town, and the Plague raging fore among the E-'7ff//y/j, they capiiulate, and leave the Town to the French on inly the twenty ninth , and carry the Plague with them into EngLind. "The Pope was- fo incenfid againft Queen EHz^^ibeth, that he difpatch- HifiGor.cil. ed a commiffion to the Fathers of Trent, to proceed to an excom^ 'i:-ids.-,t^_ munlcation of the .^een of England^ But the Emperom: Ferdinand wrote Letters both to the Pope and to the Legates, in which he figni- fjed unto them. That if the Council would not yield that fruit which was delired, at lead they fljould not give occafion to the Hereticks- to unite thcmfelves more ; which certainly they would_do, in cafe they proceedtd fo againft the .^u^een of England, by means whereof theyt would undoubtedly make a league againft the Catholicks, Hereupon the Pope delsfted at P^-ome, and revoked his Commiffion fent before to ihe Legates at Trent. The Pligae brought oirt of France by the Gaxrifon Souldiers of "Hevi-h-aven , liad fo difperfed it felf, and made fuch defolation in many parts oiEngkndyihil u fwept away above twenty thoufand of thc- Ciiy tl)Z Cl)ttrcl) of Great Britain. 229 City of London, which was the greated at chat time which any man li- ving could remember. Soon after this the ^ueen makes peace with France. Then the ^ecn went in progrefs to take the pleafures of the Coun- trcy, and viiucd the Univerfity of Cambridge, where being with all kinds of honour rex;eived by the Students, and delighted with Come- dies, Tragedies, and Scholaftical difputations, flie furvayed every Col- Jedge : and in a Latine Oration takes her leave of Cambridge^ givingthcm encouragement to purfue their Studies ^ The En^liJ}] Bifhops being impowered by their Canons , began to ftew their Authority in urging the Clergy of their Diocefles, to fub- fcribe to the Liturgy, Rites, and difcipline of the Church j and fuch as refufed the fame were branded with the name of Puritans. The Non'coriformifis in this Age were divided into two Ranks : fome mild and moderate, contented onely to enjoy their owii confcience. Others fierce and fiery, to the diiurbince of Church and State, faith ^ Fuller. Among the former was Father John fox ( for fo ^ueen Eliz^x^ keth termed him) fummoned to fubfcrihie by Aichbilhop Parlier. The old man produced the New Teflamen!:- in Greeks, To this f faith he), win I fubfcribs Bat whena fubllription to the Canons was fubfcribed of him', he refufed it, faying, I have fiothi-ng in the Ch/arch five a Pre- ■ li^erid at Salisbury : and much good' may it do yon, if you, will ta^ it away from me. However fuch refpeft did the Bifhops ( moft formerly his fdlGW-esiles ) bear to his Age, parts, and pains, that he continued . his place till the. day of his. death. With Mr. Fox w? may joyn his-dear friend Laurence Hiimfcry. u'ho was Regius ?rofJfor of Divinity in Oxford. But fuch w. s his quiet carriage, that notwichftanding hisnon- fubfcribing, he kept his Profeffors place, and Deanery • of If'/w/?(?/?t'r as- long as he Jived. A fecond fort of Non-conformifts were fierce ftickleis againft Church- difcipline, we will begin with Anthony Gtlby bred in ChrilVs Collcdgg • in Cambridge. His fiercenefs againft the Ceremonies take from his own pen, They are C faith he) k^own- Liveries of Aitichrifi, accurfed leaven of the bLiffbemo/u po^ijh ?rieJi-hood, cur fed patches of Popery and Idolatry &c. iVi/liam Whitt in^h^m fncceeds, v/ho after his return from - his exile in German^; was made Dean of Durham. Chriflopher Good- man is the third, who wrote a book (luffed with much dangerous Do- ftrine, wherein he maintained, th-tt Sir Thomas Wait was no Traitor, . that his CM'. fe was God's, &ic. Thefe.threc (faith Mr.p>.'//fr J were the Antefignani of the fierce Non-conformifts : for David Whitehead is not mentioned with them. Yet find we none ofthem filenced^Pnely.we • meet .with Thomas Sampfon Dean of Chnfl-church in Oxford, who was difplaced oat of his Deanery for his N:)n-conforaiity. This Deanery was then conferred on D'i.Tkomiis GodmnJZhi'^Xna in Ordinary to the Queen- W . <= t > 31J^^iS i ^ f* _j]o - Xljc ^ifxdiv of ■ ^een, who was after advanced to the Bilhoprick of ^^f/j and Wffo, who was Facher to Francis Godvfin, late Bilhop of Landaff, the Author of the Catalogue of the Engli^j Bifhops. BHlUnger and Gualter, two Divines of Switz.erland, men eminent in all points of Learning being folliciced by fome zealous brethren to figni- fie their judgement in the prefent controvcrfie about the Habit of the Clergy, retuin an approbation of it, but fend the fame endofed to San- iiy's,lior>7ia.nd Grindal. Now the ^ueen thought fit to make a further (ignification of Her Royal Pleafure, legally declared by Her Commillioners for caufesEc- clefia'lical, according to the Afts and Statutes made in that behalf. The Arclibifliop is thereupon required to confult together with fuch Bilhops and Commiffioners as were next at hand upon the making of fuch Rules and Orders as they thought necefTary for the peace of the Church, with refererce to the prefent ellate thereof. Which being accordingly per- formed, prefented to the^een, and by her approved, the faid Rules and Orders were fet forth, and publifhcd in a certain Book Entitled, Jidvertifements, partly for due Order in the pKblick^ Admniftration of the Common-frayers , and nfi'i^g the holy Sacraments ; and partly for the jif^arel of all Perfons Ecclejiafiical, hy venue of the Q^en's Afajefiie's Letters Commanding the fame, l^nuiry fifteenth, &c. In this year 1564. died the £mperour Ferdinand, and Mr. John Calvin. What Peter Lombard was efteemed to be in the Schools at Rome, the fame was Calvin reckoned to be in ail thofe Churches which were Reformed according to the Zuinglian Doftrine in the point of the ,. , -n Sacrament. Yet the Royal and Prelatical Divines conceived otherwife oiO. tli-i'ii. of him ("faith Dv.Heylin) and the k^irned Adrian Seravia (ihoughhy birth a Dutchman) Yet being once preferred in the Church of England, could not endure to be called Calvinian. About the middle of February the Lord Darly came to the Court oi Scotland, who being not fully twenty years old, of lovely perfon, fweet behaviour, and a moft ingenuous difpoficion, exceeding- ly prevailed in fliort time on the ^een's affedions. About the middle of July' tht Marriage-Rites were celebrated in the Royal Chappel by theDeanof /Jf/?^/?-!;^, and the next day (' the Queen having made him before Earl of Rojfe, and Duke of Kothfay ) the new Duke wasprodaimedKingby found of Trumpet, and declared to be affociuied with the Queen in the publick government. The news whereof being brought unto Queen Eliz.abeth, flie feemed more offended than indeed fhewas. But never was marriage more calamitous to the parties them- fclves, oifciore didiojiourable to that nation, or finally more fcanda- lous to both Religions: in nothing fortunate but in the h'lnhoi James the fixth, born in the Palace oddenburgh on fitly 19. A^rno 1566. Solemnly Crowned King of the Scots on the fame day of the Month, tljeCI)UtC!)Of Great Britain. " 231 u4Hno 1567. and joyfully received to the Crown of England oa March 14. 1602. Of fuch a temper were the devotions of the Church of England 3t this time, that generally the Englijli Papifts, and the Ambaffadours of ^^t^- i^xokfich reign Princes ftill reforted to thena. For the firft ten years of Her Ma- given at m^. jeftie's Reign, the Papifts in general came to our Churches. In the be- w/V/j Affizes, ginning of the eleventh year of her Reign, Car nw Willis, Bedding field and '^°^' Selyard were the firfi Recufants. Now wc are come to the fetJfDg-jthe Epifcopal Government by as good Authority as could be given to it by the Lawes of the Land. By a Statute made in the laft Parliament fpr keeping Her MajelHe's Subjcfts in their due obedience, a power wJS given unto the Birfiops to tender and receive the Oath of Supremacy of all manner of perfons refiding and dwelling in their feveral DiocefTes. Bonner was then Prifoner in the Marjhalfey, which being within the Borough of Soiithwark^, brouoht ^'" ""* him within the Jurifdidion of Horn Bifliop of Winchpfler, by whofe Chancellor the Oath was t.endred to him. On the refufal of which Oath he i^ Indifted at the King's Bench upon the Stature, to which he appeared in fome Term in the year foregoing, and dcfires that Coun- cil be affigned to plead his caufc. The Court afTigns him Chrifiotiher Wray, afterwards Chief-juflice of the Common-PJeas, that famous ■ Lawyer Edmond Ploydon, undone Mr. Zovcbce. But the bufinefs came under corifideration in the following Parlia- ment; which began on September thirty, where the Legality of /:/or«'s Epifcopacy ("which was objeded againd in the behalf of Bonner) was • cleered by Statute, by which the Parliament did only publifli, notifie, and declare the Legal Authority of the Englijjj Billiops, whofe call and Confecration to their place was formerly performed. In the year 1566, Queen EUzalfeth came to Oxford, Honourably - attended mth Robert Dudley, lately made Earl oiLeicefler, and Chan- cellor of Oxford, the Marquefs of Northampton, the Lord Burleigh, and the Spanijh Ambaffadour. She was lodged in Chriji-Church, where many Comedies were afted before Her. Many Afts were kept before Her in Philofophy, and one moft eminent in Divinity. She con- eluded all with a Latine Oration, which you may read in Fuller's ' ChurchYiiJiory, as it was taken by Di. Lanrence\inmfrey, and by him Printed in the Life of Bifliop 'jewel. Having i^ayed feven dayes, flje took Her leave of the Univerlity. Anno 1567. Another Generation of AdiveNon-conformiftsfucceed- cd the former. Of thefe Coleman, Button, Benfon, and Ualinirkm, were the chief, inveighing againft the eftabliflied Church-difripline, endeavouring to conform the EngUfh Church in all things to that of ■ Geneva. To thele three more may be added, wz.. \NUliam Wniie, Thomas Rowland, . Eobcrtlhwki>Js, all. Beneficed ^within the Diocefe of LondBiu ■ i 32 XDe !^ifto;p of London. This year thefe three were cited to appear before Edwond Grindd Bilhop of London : one who was not very forward to prefs Gonfonnicy. The Bilhop asked chem this queftioB, Yiave m not a godly Prince ? fpeak^ is fie evil ? To which they made their feveral anfwers in manner following. William White. 2 What a queftion is that? the fruits do fliew, 'Thomas Rowland^ No^ but the fervants of God are perfecuted under Her. Robert Yiavekins.'] Why, this queftion the Prophet anfwereth in thePfalenSj How can they have underltanding that veork. iniquity, ff oiling my people , and that extol vanity ? The Queen proceeded feverely againftforr.e of them.commanding tbctn to be put in prifon, though ftill their party daily encreafed. And now to ftrengthen theRomi/h party, two moft Adive fugitive Papills, ThomasYiarding, and Nicholas S mnder s ,xcmxn into England. Very earneft they were in advancing the Catholick Caufe,and perverted very many to heir own erroneous opinions. A moneth or two after the Prince of Scotland's baptizing, the King her Husband in the one and twentieth year of his age was in the dead time of the night,by bloody & barbarous hands,was ftrangledin bis bed, and thrown forth into an Orchyard, the houfe being blown up with {, Gun-powder. The Queen afterwards marrieth Earl 'bothwel, but he is forced to fly out of Scotland. And the Queen is thrnft in prifon at Loch-levin. But what fhould be done with Her the Confpirators could not agree among themfelves. At length they extort from her a re- fignation of her Kingdom to her Son, - who was fcarce thirteen moncths old. But flie being ill-ufed at home by her own Subje that (he might be brought to her trial for the murther of her Son. The Queen of Scots wrote a letter to the Pope, to manifeft her devotion to the See of Rome, written from Caftle Boulton, Novemb. SO. 1568. Then Thomas Piercy Earl of liorthhmberland, and Charles Nevil Earl o{ Wefimorland hYikt out into open Rebellion againft the Queen. Their firft tlje CtjUTClJ of Great Britain. 2? s . firfl: valpur was to fighn againfl: the EfjgUflj Bible and Service-book in Durham, tearing them to pieces. They fet up Mafs in moll: places where they came, Richard Norton an aged Gentleman carrying the Crofs before them, and other? bearing in their banners the live wounds of Chrift, or a Chafii.c, according to their different devices. But the Earl of Saffex advancing out of the South with an Army to oppofe them, they fled Nortliwards, and mouldered away to nothing. Nor- thumberland fled into Scotland, lurked there awhile, was betrayed to • - Earl Murrey, fent back into England, and beheaded at Terk- Wf/?- morland fled into Flanders, where he long lived very poor, on a fmall penfion. Many were executed by S'n George Bovp^j Knight Marflial, in every Market-tov/n betwixt Neiv-c/!/?/^ and Witherby. Leonard Dacres ilic next year laboured to raife a New Rebellion, but by the valour and vigilancy of the Lord Hmfdon, his defign was fcafonably defeated. Commiflloners were appointed by Queen Eliz.abeth to take cognizance of the caufe of the Queen of Scots, Murrey cometh to Tork. being ihe City appointed for that purpofe, and with him feven of his Inwaideft friends as Delegates for the Infant-King •, and for the Queen of Scots Delegates alfo appeared. After Lidinpon% admonition to the Scots, and the5wfjProteftation, the Delegates for the Queen delivered a De- claration in Writing. Some few dayes after Murrey the Regent, and ihe Delegates for the Infaat-King gave in their Anfwer. To this the Queen of Scots Delegates renewing again their former Froteftation, op- pofed their Replication. Murrey refufeth to yield reafons for depofing the Queen. Then were the £«g/ 1623. The third Colledge was founded by Thiliy the fecond. King of Spain at Valladolitin old Cafiile, Donna Lityfa de Caravaial, a rich Widow ■ Lady in Sjj^jw, gave all her eftate (being very great) to this Colledge, . and came over into E>^^lind, where (he died. Father Walpool by pre- tending to have gained Mr. Pickering Wotton ( Son and Heir to the Lord Wotton) to the Romidi. Church, got above five hundred; pounds to this Colledge. Sir Francis Ingtefieldj Privy Counfellor to Qaeen Mary, forfaking his fair eftate in Berk:[hire in the firft year of Qiieen EUzS^tb, was a bountiful Benefador to this Col-.- ledge. . • " The fourth Cojledge was.of Sm7, founded by Philip the fecond. King ;.■ oi Spain, A«w.I593. The fifth was. at S.O>ners in ArmV, founded 1596, by ?(!»//>/> the fe? cond, \7ho gave them a good. Annuity, for whofe foul they fay every. tDe Cl)Urcl) of Great Britain. 255^ day a Mafs, and every year anObknm. Their Rcftor generally is a Fle- ming, though this Colledge be of Englifh only. Thefixth Colledge is at Madrid, in new Caftile, founded 1606. Jofefh Cnfml, thp Jefuice, with money of the two CoUedges.of fdladoUt and 5m/, bought an Houfe here, and built a Colledge thereon. The feventh, a Colledge of Lovain in Brabant, founded 1606. by J»/;^/jp the third. King of Stain, who gave a Caftle, withaPenfion, to the Englilh Jefuits, to build them a Colledge therewith. The eighth Colledge was at Liege in Lit^etand, founded 1616. The Archbilhop of Collen ("being at this timeaifo Biiliop of Liege ) gave them a Penfion to live on, and leave to build a fair Colledge here. Many of the Engli/h Nobility and Gentry, under pretence of paffing to the Sfen^ to recover their healths, dropped here much of their Gold by the way. The ninth Colledge was of Gaum in Flanders, founded 1624. by Thilif the Fourth, who gave them a Penfion. The Colledge of St. Omers generally is for Boyes to be taught in Grammar: Rome for Youths ftudying the Arts- All the reft for Men ( Novices or profcffed Jefuits ) fave that Dott'(«y is for any, of what age or parts foever . It is incredible what a mafs of money was yearly made over out of E«f //««af for the maintenance of thefe Cellcdges : having here their Provincials^ Sub-frovincials, AjfiFtants, Agents, Coadjutors, Fa- miliars, &c. who collefted vaft fums for them. The folemn Oath which each Student ( arrived at man's eftate ) cerc- monioufly fweareth, when admitted into one of thefe Celledges is as fol- lower h : / A. B. one bred in this Englijlj C«!ledge, conjidering ^^'W^^f'*^ ^fW- Continuation fits God hath beftowed upon me, bnt then e^ecially when he brought me out of of s^ndns Schif- r/iatick^, SiC. flionldheadudgedTreafon, Alfo, That it fliould be fo acA Cfiiimedj and panifhed, to bring, and put in execution, any Bulls, Writings, Inftruments , &C.; from the See of Rome from the firfi e/ July folloxV' ing. A fevere Aft was made alfo againft Fugitives (who being natural born Subjeds of this Realm, departed the fame without licenfe. Againft Non conformifts k was ^xo\\AtA, That every Minifier fhould, before December the twenty fifth next folloxving, in thefrefence of his D.iocefan,. or his Deputy, declare his ajfent to all the Article s of Religion^ agreed on in the Convocation 15.62. upon pain of deprivation on his refufal thereof. Againft covetous Conformifts it was provided. That no Spiritual perfon, Colkdge, or Hofpital Jhall let, leafe, at her than for the term of one and twen- ty years, or three lives y the itfual rent, or more, referved fay able yearly,. ■ during the [aid Term. Now began Queen Elizabeth's (a.vom to decline toward the Queen of Scots, principally for praftifing with the Pope and forreign Princes. y^nno 1571. Queen Eliz.abeth went in Royal ftate to fee a moftbeau- dful Burfe, which Sir T^oOT^zj Grf/?j^w Knight, Citizen of London, had built for the ufe of Merchants, and by the voice of the Crier , and the found of Trumpets, as it it were by way of Dedication, flae named it. The Royal Exchange^ A little before that, Florentine Ridolpho, who had for ihefpaceof fif- teen years exercifed Merchandife at London, fecretiy conveyed Letters from the Pope to the Queen of Scots, wherein he proraifeth allkindnefs, and aid for advancing the Catholick Religion, and Her, o-e Ridolpho. alfo, by his own Letters apart, prayetbiche Queen to acq^uaint the Duke ■af iVsr/i/l^ with thefe things,, e^c,, Ann2(^.■• ' Ci. Field. FirdMr.^^- ^^'f- ' .'inhrZ' JS- otanaen. ■'■'■'.■ L4' Jackson. Afterward? Mr.. 5, Bonh^nj. '< .. 6.. Seintloe. . : J r.7. Crane. . V 'jfio oicuiv; f 8. Edmonds. 1 -..-^.fv T' 5. Chefien. 6. Crook.. -•(-.I Charh. )2. Trarvers. 13. BarbersV ii"^(\ i 7. Egertom i4:r.id ■ to be faved, which were admitted into that Family, and all the refl Rcfro- ■ btttfS, and to be damned: and that it was lawful for them to deny, upon ■ their Oath, before a Ma ^i/h ate , whatfoever they lijt. Of this' Fanatical vanity they difperfcd Boois among their followers, ttanflited out of the Dutch \ 2 4-0 ^umftm of . Dutch Tongue i^to Engiiib, whrch they tmhkd/TfK.Gajpehf'the Kir.g- dom; Document, xl Sentences ; The Frophefy of the Spirit of Love -^ The fublifliing of Fence upon Earth : The Author was Henry Nic' oLu Qf ilfy^f;;?^ ■ who blafphemoully faid. That he did partake of God, c.ndGod of hii-^H^wanHy't j.TliiS Man came over \mo Ehgland'm the Reign of King Ed\i^ird thp Sixih, joyned himfelf to the Diifch Congregation in London, where he feduced many Artificers, and filly Women, among ticn niav" be ^"'^0™ "^'"^^ Daughters of one Warwk\, ( to whom he dedicated an Epi- readinF'.i-/fc. ^1^) were his principal Pervens. Mv. Martin Aiicroniui, and Mr. AT/-' diurcii YiiVi. choUs Charifieiis , then the Minifters of the Dutch Congregation, zeal- (3:f .•>•??. T52r. cully, confined his errors, but. it feems their Antidotes pierced not fo deep as his Poyfons. The.irivy Council now tendred nuto them an Ab- juration; but with what fuccefs we find nor. The Qoeen commanded by Proclamation, That the Civil Magitlrate fhould beafiiihnt to the Ec- cleiiaftical, for the liinely fuppreffing of them, and that their Books ihcuidbe burnt. Then divers Seminary Prietts were fent forth into feveral parts of E'lgLaijdznd heUfid, lo adminirter fas they pretended) the Sacraments of theRomTn Religion, and to preach. But the Queen, and her Coun- cil found, that they were fent under-hand, to withdraw the Subjefts from their Allegiance, and Obedience, due to their Prince, to bind them, 5^: by Reconciliation, to perform the Pope's Commandements, to raife in- .- ''■ teftine Rebellion under the Seal of Confeffion, and flatly to execute the Sentence of Pope Piti6 the fifth againft the Queen. To thefe Seminaries, for as much as there were fent daily out of £«_^- land, from the Papiits, very many Boys, and young Men of all (orts, and admitted into the fame, making a Vow to return; and others from - thence crept fecretly into Engla-r.d, there came forth a Proclamation in the inonth oi June, That Xfhofoever had Children, Pu'ils, Kinfmen, or others, in the parts beyond the Seas, jlwuld, after ten dayes, deliver their '/lamesto-the Ordinary ■, a>~dtothofe which returned not, they JJjohld not di- re^ly, or indirectly, fuppfy any money. That no Man Jhonld entertain in .hishoafe, or lodge. Priests ft nt forth of the Seminaries, and fefnits, or cherifh and relieve them : uind vchofoever didthe contrary, Jheiild be account- eda fa voiire r of Rebels, & c . cj7;mc -rs Hift. But Robert Pajforis, znd Ed'xond Campian, Jefuits, living at jRowf, of Qiieen E.''. obteined of the Pope licenfc to come over into England. Parfons was Aiiaoi$Eo. \)Qin in Somtnerfet-fhire, oi Baliol-colledge m Oxford, a man of a fierce nature, and rude behaviour, heprofefTed openly the Proteftants Religi- on, until he was, for his dillionefty, expelled the Univerfity, then fled he to the Papifts. Campian .was born in London, and bred in St, Jehn's- colledge in O.xford, one of a fweet nature, and fluent tongue. Thefe two notabl y advanced the Roman caufe. travelling up and down the Countrey fecretly, and, to Popilli Geoilemens honjfes, in difguifed ha- bit?. t\)t C!)Urcl) of Great Britain. 241 bic , fometJraes of Souldiers • fomecimes of Gentlemen ; fometimes of Minifters of the Word • foraetimes of Apparitors. Campan, by a Writing fet forth, challenged the Minifters of the Englifh Church to a Difputation, and pubiilheda Bookin Latin, of ten Reafons, for main- tenance of the Doftrine of the Church oi Rome-^ znd Farfans another virulent Book, in Englidi, againft Chark,, who had written fobcrly agamft Campian's challenge. But to Campiaa's Reafons Whitaker anfwer- cdfoundly. He was taken a year after, and put to the rack, and after- wards being brought forth to difpute, hardly maintained the cxpeftati- on raifed of him. Parfons hardly efcaping at Norwich in Chejliire, po- litickly returneth to Rome. This year Edmond Grwdd, Archbifliop of Camerhury, groaning un- der the Queens difplcafure, was forbidden accefs to the Convocation, But a Petition was drawn up, in the name of the whole Convocation, for the reftitution of the Archbifliop, by Toby Matthew, Dean of Chrifi- church. This Petition, after ddayes, ended in a final denial; it being daily fuggefted to the Q£een, that Crindd was a great Patron of Prophecy- ./i'^*^ ings (now fet up in feveral parts of the Land) which, if permitted, would in fine prove the bane of the Church and State. ThefcProphecyings were thus modelled. - i i' 1. The Minifters of the fame Precind, by their own appointment, H'ift.'^ff.i"58o! met at the principal place therein. 2. The Junior Divine went firft into the Pulpit, andforabout half an hour treated upon a portion of Scripture, formerly by a joynt agreement affigned unto him. After him four or five more obferving their fenioriiy, fucceffively dilated on the fame Text. 3. Atlafta Grave Divine made the clofing Sermon, fomewhat larger than the reft, praifing the pains of fuch who beft dcfcrved it, and mild- ly reproving the miftakes of fuch of thofe, if any were found in their Sermons. Then all was ended ( as it was begun ) with a folemn Prayer. And at a publick refecftion of thofe Minifters, tojeiher ( wiih many of the Geiitry repairing to them ) the next time of their meeting was ap- pointed, Text affigned. Preachers deputed, a new Moderator elediW, or the one continued, and fo all were diffolvcd. But fome incoveniences were fecn, and more forefeen, iftbefePro- phecyings might generally take place in the Land. However the Aith- bifhop, to vindicate himfelf, wrote a large Letter to the Queen. But all in vain, for the Earl of Lciccjhr had fo filled the Queens ears with coiu- plaints againit him, that there was no room ro receive his Pe'ition. In- deed Leicrjrer cafta covetous eye on Lamhcth-hoiife, and maliced him, becaufe he ftoutiy oppofed the aiienaii.ig tliia his principal Palace, Now bcgan'Priefts and Jeluits to flock faller into £/,!^/.j;;^ than ever befor^j. having exchange of clothes, names, and profelTions. H."ieupon '" ■ I i ihc 1^1 Xl)e ^\{tm of the Parliament, now met at Wejiminfier , cnafted fevere Laws again(t them. John Pain, aPrieft, was executed at Chelmsford, Thgmas Ford, Jehn Shert, and Rob'ert Johnfon, Priefts, were executed at London. This year died G'i/^iT/t Berkley, BUhopof Bath zwA Wells. The Presbyterian party met at Cockfeld (Mr. Knewfiub's Cure) in Suffolk^, even Oxty Minifters of Ayfo/^, Suffolk^, ind Cambrid^e^Jlnre, to confer of the Common-prayer-book, what might be tolerated, and what refofed in every point of it, apparel, matter, form, dayes, fad- ings, injunftions, c^c Whilft the feVerity of the State was at this time^ great againft jefuites, fomc leniry of courfe fell to the fbare of the Non- conformifts. • The City of Genevalkirig- Haw reduced to great extremities by the Duke of Savoy, Bez.a addi'effed hinifelf by Letters to Mr. Walter Tra- cers, one of the chief of the Presbyterian party, then Chaplain to the Lord Treafurer : in which Letter may be feen much of the fecret fympa- thy betwixt England and Gemva about Difcipline-, Geneva helping England with her Prayers, England nding Genevavfkh her purfe. The Duke of Anjou came into England, and was an earneft Suitor to Queen Elizabeth. A Book was fet forth againft the Marriage, entitled. The Gulps wherein England xvill be [wallowed by the French Marriage^ The Queen, by open Proclamation, commended the Duke of Anjeni afifeftion towards her, and the Protetbnts Religion, forrowed that fo great an injury was offered to fo high a Prince, Ihe condemned the Au- thor of the Book, as a pliblifber of Seditibti, and commanded the Book to be burnt before the Magiftrates face. From this time ftie began to be- more incenfed againft the Innovators, from whom' (he believed that thefc- things proceeded. And within feW dayes after, John Stubs, of Lin- coins-Inn, ( whofe Sifter Mr. C artwright, formerly mentioned, had mar- ried ) the Author of this Book,FFj7/Mw Page, who difperfed the Copies^, and Singleton, the Printer, were apprehended. Stubs and Page had their right hands cut off with a Cleaver driven through the wrift with the force of a Beetle, upon a Scaffold, in the Market-place at lFfj?w;«/?(r?'. The Primer was pardoned. Sra^j having his right hand cut off, put off hi= hat with his left, and faid with a loud voice, God fave the Queen. The Queen aifo, to take away the fear which had poffeffed many mens minds, that Religion would be altered, and Popery tolerated, permit- ted that Edmond Campian, Jefuite, RJph Sherwin, Luke Kirby, and Alexander Briant, Priefts, ftiould be arraigned they were condemned and executed for Treafon. This was done during the abode of Anjou'm England. The Earl of Leieejler improved his power (at this time very great with the Queen j to obtain great Liberty for the Non-conformifts. Hence it was, that many Bifhops aftiveinpreflingfubfcription in their Diocefs, when repairing to Court, were checked by this great Favou- tiK CijUrclJ of Great Britain. 24^ rite, to their great difcouragcment. Hereupon the ^r^ffcz-e^ (who hi- therto bad no particular platform of Difcipline among themfelves, as ^j',?; J'™^^, univerfally praftifed by their party ) began, in a folemn Council held the Brethren by them, to conclude on a certain form, as may be feen in their Decrees, confidcred of faithfully tranflated out of their Latin Copy. The Title thereof, Thefe i° ^ folemn he the things that (do feem) may mil ftmd xvith the pace of the ^^'^^^^™^ Church^ thereof, may This year died three that teemed Pillars in the Romilh Church. Frift be read in Richard Briftow, born in Worcejier-Jhire, brtAu Exeter- colledge iaO^c- i^"^"'- church ford, whence he fled beyond the Seas, and by Cardinal Allen was made ^'^* Cent.iS. Ovcrfeer of the EngliOi Colledge, firftatTw^;', thtnuKhema. For ^""'^^Sz- the recovery of his health, he returned into his native Land, and died quietly near Lo?7(i««. The fecond Nicholas Harpsfield, bred firfl: in Winchefler-fchool, then in New-colledge in Oxford, where he proceeded Doftor of Law, and after became Archdeacon of Canterbury : Under King Edward the Sixth he baniftedhimfelf : Under Queen JW' born .- yea he may be held as a Benefaflor to this Nation, by bringing in Tamarix firfl: over into England, that Plant being veiy excellent in mollifying the hardnefs of the Spleen. Now Robert Brown, a Cambridge-man, and young Student in Divinity (of whom the Scparati;!:? ifi thofe dayes, and long after, were called Brownifis ) born in llutland-lhire of an ancient Family, near allied to the Lord Treafurer Cec/7 , begin, with one Richard Harifon, a School- mafter, to vent their Opinions. They fet forth Books in Zealand, whither they travelled. 5ro)v« returning home, difperfech thefe Bo.)k'; all over England, But their Books were fuppreffed by the Queens Au- thority, confuted by Learned men •, and two of his followers were e>^?- cuted one after another at Si. Edr/io/ids-bury. Bro^vi coming to N'orwich, there infeded both Dutch and Engliih, for which he was confined. The Lord Treafuier writes a Letter to the Billiop of 'Norwich in his be- half. Braxvn being thus brought up to London, was wrought to fome tolerable compliance, and being difcharged b.y the Archbilhop, was by the Lord Treafurer fent home to [us Father, Ambony Brown, at Tolethorp in Rfiiland ECquive. But, it feem;. Brown's errors were fo inlaid in him, ■ no conference with Divines could convince him to the contrary ,whofein- corrigiblenels made his own Father weary of his companv. He, 3nd Harijon, inveighed againft Biiliops, Ecclefialtical Collrt^, .. Ceremonies, Ordination of Minilrers, fancying here on e.;rth a plat- form of a perfeft Giurch. Doftor r/- «:•/« Preached her Funeral-fermon. Some twenty yaars after King^<«;»« caufed her Corpstobcfolemnly removed from Peterborough to Wejtmin- fier, wherein the South-fide of the Chappel of King Henry the Seventh, heerefted aftately Monument to her Memory. The Earl of Leiccfler having raifed great offence , is called home again into EngUnd by the Queen , oiveth over his Government , and the free Adminiftation of his Government is left to the .States. Now Conformity was prefled to the height. The power of the High f '-r- X^tW^OlVQf That proceeding, £.v O^ci* mero^by way of epquiry againft fuch whom they fufpeded;, chey cendred unto chcm an Oath, which was conceived unjufti that in cafes criminal apany iTiould be forced todifcover what might be penal to himfclf. The lawfulnefe of which Oaih was learnedly 'fsnvaffedwith argumentsor>bothlldes«--..'^ -.(iTiir'r.-.ii v,«;^,7 .jl Becaufe many did queftion the Legal.'ty and Authority of the High Gommiflion, Archbifhop Whitgift fo contrived the matter, that the aioft fturdy Non-conformiilis (efpecially if they had any vidble Eftates ) were brought into the Star-chamber, the power whereof was above difpute i where fome of them befides imprifonraent, had very heavy 6nes jmpofed on them. And becaufe moft of the Queens Coun-^ cii were prefent ,a£ the Cenfures, this took off the odinnt bom the Archbifliop. ' This year died Mr. John Fox, the Induftrious compiler of the Afts and Monuments of the Church, and was buried at St. Giles near CrippU' gale in London, It is faid he foretold the deftrudion of the Invincible (fo called j Spanilb Armado, in the year 1588. which came fo to pafs though ch? ifufvi^oci iipt to.f^^; t|ie^pfrfofin%9ce. of bis own pre- didio.a,' •;., ri-^i-.j^ i,..;..,,..;)^..,^,?! •; d !;■,; .■ > r cmi Brit, in About this time Mr. WilUartt Lamhirt RmRied his Hofpital at Creen- KiiiP. veieh, founded and endowed by him for poor people. He was the firft V Proteltant who erefted a charitable houfe of that nature, fiitb Camden ; But King £ on, faying, That Englandhid nrjore able Minifters than all the Churches. in Ghriftendom, was onely to be attributed to God, who now open- ed the hearts of many to fee into the truth, and, that the Schools were better obferved.. The Lord Treafurer feemed to moderate betwixt chera. Matters flying thus high, the Archbifhop with- the reft of the Ckrgy Petition the Queen t. To the Petition were annexed a Catalogue «£ih©ie inconvecicjices to the Siate prefent, S.ate to come. Cathedral Churches, t\)t CljUrcl) of Great Britain. zjo Churches^ Univeificigsj to her Majefty, to Rdigion, in cafe pluralities were taken away. Nothing was cffefted in relation to this matter , but things left, itu fiat u quo frimt at the diffolution of this Parli- ament. This year died Richard Barties Bifliop of Durham. In the year 1588. when there was a Treaty of Peace between jEzJ- lartdznA Spain, out cometh. their Invincible Navy and' Army,, pcrfcdly appointed for both Elements, Land and Water, to. Say i and March com- pleat in all Warlike Equipage: but that great Fleet was wonderfully defeated by the Englilh, and diilipated by ftormy Winds : and many of the Spaniards were Barbaroufly butchered by the Irifl]. iv / For the happy fuccefs of this adion Queen Elizjibeth appointed Prayers and Thanksgivings over all the Churches in England.', and (he with a great Train of the Nobility came into St. Tauls Church, ( where the Banners taken from the Enemy were placed in view ) and therein moft humble manner gave thanks to Almighty God the giver of all Viftory. About this time many Papirts were committed to cuftody in Wisbych Caftle. At this time many Li.bels flew abroad, thus named. 1. The Epitome, 2. The Demonftration of Difci fline. 6. Have ye any xvork for the Cooler. 7. More werk,for the Cooper. 3 . The Supplication. j 8. Martin Senior ^ ^ , . 4. Dietrephet. 9. Martin funior\-^ . > T^i ^, The Minerals. \ ^ '; ■> Themaindriftofthefe Pamphlets was to defame the Englilh Prelates, fcoffing at them for their Garb, Gate, Apparel, Vanities of their Youth, natural Defers, and perfonal Infirmities. It is ftrangc how fecretly they were Prmted, how fpeedily Difperfed, how generally Bought, how greedily Read, how firmly Believed, efpecially of the Common fort. Some precife men of that fide, thought chcfc jeering pens well employed : but thefe Books were difciaimed by the more defcreet and devoutfort of men. iiii.^iM ;!' r i; And h6w highly the State diftafted thefe Books, will appear, by the heavy ccnfures inflided onfuchas were but; accelTary thereunto. To pafs by John Vdd and folm Penry Minifters accufed for making fome of them, together with the Printers, and Humfry Newman a Cobler, chief difperfer of them. The Star-chamber deeply fined Sir RichAvd Knightly^ and Sir , Wigfiin, for etitertaioing and receiving the preh Gentlemen. But upon their fubmfillion they had their liberty, and wereeafedof their fines. . -' . ;. . Kk 2 A 2-1-. %\)t l^ifto^v of A Synod of the Presbyterians of the Wxrwick-Jhire Clafiswiis called ^tCovsntry, wherein the queftions brought thelali year from the Bre- thren of Cambridge-Synad, were thus refolved. Bp. BiWfl/f'j I. That private Baptifrrtwoi KnlawfnL Book, called, i I. That it is not lawful to read Homles in the Church. EtgUnds SCO' III. Thatthejignofthe'crofs ismt tobe itfedin Bapcifm. "t-^".? /°^, -IV. That the faithful ought not to co^rnunieate with unlearned Mini- pia^cer — Jiers, although they may be prefent at their fervice,&.c. v. That the calling of Bifheps is unlawful. V I. That as they deal in Caufei Eccleftafiieal, there is no-duty belonging- unto^ nor any puhiekly tobe given them. V II. That it is not lawful to be Ordained Mimjiers by them, or to de- nounce either Sufpenfions, o-r i-xtommuntcatiensfent from them. VIII. That it is net lawful torefiin the Bifhop's deprivation of any from the Miniflry, &c. IX. ThM it is not lawful to appear in a Bifi^op's Court, but withprote- Jiation of their unlawfnlnefs. X. That Bifiops are rot to be acknowledged either for Doctors, Elders, er Deacons, as having no ordinary calling,, ■ X I. That touching the' refiauration of their EccUfiaJlical DifcipUne , it^ ought to be taught to the people as cccafion fliall fer.ve.. XII. That (as yet ): the people are not robe folicited (public' ly)to the . praUice of the Difcipline,_( till) they be better infiruBi.edin.ths l^iow- . ledge of it: ::i." :*.' H ; .. -■.- i '" 'X i'l r. That men of bitter .underfianding itire to be al/ured pHvalcly to the prefent embracing of the difcipline , and 'pra5iice ef it ,\ as- far as they fhall be well able, with the peace of the Church. Likewife in the fame Affcmbly, the aforefaid Book of Difcipline was approved to be a draught effeotial and neceffary for ail times. '-And cer- tain Articles ( devifed in approbauon, and for the manner of the ufe thereof} were- brought forth, treated ofv, and fubfcribed unio by Ma- iler Cartwright and others , and afterwards tendred far and near to the feveral Clafles for a general. ratification of all the brethren. After a folemn humiliation of the Minifters at Northarrpton ,■ one Mv. Johnfon, formuiy a, Non-eonforxnift, but afterwards failing from that tide, difcovered many paffa^es^o their .difadvantage in the Highr y. commiffioH.Courr.. ;i'.:.: . ■ijj-i.-iM ; ,;,5\ . '^^- i ;■). U'.. '. ■;( ' q wVitfoBi ii^oc'.' Thisy.^ar a!fo the PopifliClergyfet'^rth a Book, called the j^dmoni- ftMj.. tion, d fpeiftd among the. P.apifts, and much cried up. ButthcSpanilli Navy prefently friifcarying afKr it's publiihing, Parfons. procured the whole irapreffioo to. beturm C fave fome few feDt abroad aforehand tp Li& frieiids ) that it might not remain a monument of their falftood. ' ;: ■ ■ ' ' ■ This- tlje C!)UtdJ of Great Britain. 255 This year died Edwyn Sandys , Archbifliop of Tork, an excellent Preacher, and of a pious Life : and Dr. Laurence HwKfrey, Prefidenc of Magdalen Colledge. On September i. 1596. Mr. Cartvfright was brought before the Queen's Commifiioners, there to take his Oath, and give in his pofitive anfwer to divers Articles obj'eded againft him. The Articles were ten- dred to him in the Conliftory of Sr. Paul's before fohn Elmar Bifliop ef London, the two Lord Chief Juftices, ]\i^ki Gawdy, Serjeant Pw^er- ing, ( afterward Lord Keeper ) and Attorney General Popham. The- (jiommifiioners affured him on their credit?, that by the Laws of the ■Realm he was to take his Oath^ and to anfwer as he was required. But Mr. Cartwright pleaded. That he thought he was not bound by the Laws of God fo to do. Hereupon hewasfenctothe Fleet unto the reft of his Brethren. Now the main pillars of the Presbytertan party, being fome in Prifoc, more in 7 rouble, allinFcar, applied themfelves by their fecret folici- tors to fames King of Scotland, and procured his Letter to the Queen irt> their behalf But this Letter prevailed liitle. But Archbilhop l-Kto>g';j^f, on Mr, Cartwrighc's general promifc to be quiet, procured his difmillioa out of the Scar-chamber and prifon wherein he was confined. And hence- forward Mv.Cartwright became very peaceable, Thea one Hackct, born ac Owndle \n Northampton-^iire undertook to- be adifcoverer of, and Informer again.l R?cufant-, a confident Fellov."; ©ne Ehat was great with i-figghtton and that Fa^.iion; Always Inculca- ting, that fome extraordinary courfe muft be prefently taken with the obftruftors of the Genevian difcipline. Once he defperailey took his-- dagger, andviolendy flruck it into the pidure of the Queen. He pre-i- Bended alfo Revelations, Immediate Raptures, and Difcourfes with God, . as alfo to Buffetings of Satan, attefting the tru.h thereof with molt direful Oathes and Execrations. He -railed alfo againft Archbilliop Whitgift, and Chancellor Hatton, with oiher privy Counfelbrs , pre- tending himfelf fent from Heaven to reform Church and State. He gave it out, that the principal Spirit of the MeflLs refted in him, and had two Attendants. Edmond Copphiger f the Qneen's Servant, and oneof good'defcent ) for his Prophet of Mercy. And Henry Artbing- toa, a Tork-(lnre Gentleman, for his Prophet of Judgment. Tliefe Pro'- claimed in Cheap-fide, That Chrifi w.iscomein Hacket, with hk fan in his hand, to purge the godly from the wicked, &c. They cried Repent,, Repent, &c. The next day all three were fcrif to Bridewel. Hacket' was arraigned, drawn, hanged, and quartered, continuing even athis death his blafphemous affertions. Cepp/w^tr ftarveJ himfelfto death in • prifon, .Arthington made his Recantation in a publick writing, and -be- ,«iim£ tbe.QbjO(Jkt)6ahe<;^eeq>;itiefcy.r-. ■-■•'■ . — 'v') ri'jfi- ,:t:?l'-f.i •'''v ,l»ihi u;v; ;: ':;...r. : This- 2^4 %i}tmimfo^ This accidenc was unhappily improved againll the K>;n-conformiils, a:id rendred ihem fo hated a: Court, that for many months rogeiber, lio favouriie durft prefent a petition in their behalf to the Q^een, being iorh to iofe himfelf to fave others. r.v/'/i'i'.Chu-ch The fame day wherein H.tc'^t was executed, Mr. Stof.c, Parfon of vM\.c'.'n.\i. Warksen in Northa?zptDf2-pire, by vercue of an Oath tendred him the ''•?• - day before by the Queen's Attorney, and folemnly taken by him, was examined by the Exanainer for the Star-chamber in Cr.n/ Inn, fro 03 fix adock in thcnnorninguntill feven atnighc, to anfwer unto thirty three Articles, butcouldonely effeAually depofe toforaeofthetn : butby his confeffion he difcovereth the meetings of the Brethren, with the circutn- ihnces thereof, the CisfTes more formally feded in Nsrth.z^pton-Pnre, than any where elfe in EnglAnd- When the news of Mr. Stones anfwer was brought abroad, he was generally cenfured by moil of his party : So that le found it neceffary, in his own vindication, to impart the rea- lons of his Corsfcir.on to fuch as condemned him, if no: for a Traitor, at leaf!: for a coward in thecaufe. What fatisfaftion this gave to his party I know not. Certainly the Bilhop till his dying day beheld him as an ingenuous man,carrying his confciencewith the reafon thereof in his own breafi-. He wa^ permitted peaceably to poffefs his Parfonage ( being noneof the meaneft) though he continued a ftiff Non-conformift, one- ly quietly enjoying bis own opinion. He died an old man at IK^ri^o;/, ^iino 1 6 17. Stone's difcovery marred for the futore all their formal meetings, as Claffically or Synodically methodized. Thenbeganthefoundationof anllniverfity in D«^/(«in /rf/iiwdL Hen- ry V flier, then Archdeacon of I?«^/z« (afterwards Archbifhop of jir^ magh, and Unckle to "James Vjher late Archbifhop thereof) took a journey into En^.Arid, and procured the Mortmain from Queen £/;i4- beth, who gracioufly granted it , naming the corporation , Collegium SanSla ac Individua Tri?ntatis, ex fundatione Regins, Elizibetbae, ]nxtii Dublin. The Lord Burgley is appointed firft ChanceOor of the Univer- lity. Sir Williaw Fitz.-Williaf>is, Lord Debuty of Ireland, iffaed out bis Letters to aU the Counties in Ireland to advance fo good 2 defign. The IrilTi Papifts were very bountiful thereunto. The Mayor and Alder- men of Z)//W;« : SkWarhamSt.Leger, Sir Francis Shane, Robert D'eu- reiix Earl of Ejfex, afterwards Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and fecond Chancellor of this Univerfuy, were Benefactors to it. King Jar/its con- firmed the revenues of this Colledge in -perfetHum , endowing it with good Lands in the Province of Vljier. Adam Loftus, Archbifliop of Dublin, and Chancellor of Ireland, was the firft Mafter of the Colledge. Mr. Lake Chalener received and disburfed the moneys, had the over- fight of the Fabrick, which he faithfully procured to be fifTifhedi - The firft ftone in this foundation was laid, March rj. 1591. and in the year t!)C CljUrCl) of Great Britain. 255 year 1593, Scholars were fiift admitted : and the firft of them Jama Vjiier\ iince Birtiop of Armagh, that miirour of Learning and Re- ligion. Now began a fad conteft betwixt Mr. Richard Hooker, Mafter, and Mr. Walter Travers, Lcdurer of the Temple. Hooker was born in Devo?i- fliire, bred in Oxford, Fellow of Corppu Chrifii Colledge : one of a foiid Judgment, and great Reading. A great defender both by Preaching and Writing of the Difcipline of the Church of England, yet never got (nor cared to get) any eminent dignity therein. Mr. 7V; ' ed on him an Abbey in the Kingdom of Naples, and nominated him to be Archbidfop of Machlin : but he died, and was buried in the Church Pitrsus di a. of the Englilh Colledge at Rome. His lofs was much lamented by the ''(/?''• ^"S'- CathoHcks : for he had done many good offices in compofing the grudg- •^'"f'^' ^ 753' ings which began to grow between the Secular Priefts and Jefuites. Untill this time the prime Catholicks in Wiibich Caftle, had lived there in rcftraint, with great concord. And the Papifts do brag, that then and there the Engiifh Church was moft vifible, untill one Father Wefto>7, a Jefuite coming thither, crefted a Government among them, making certain SanAions and Orders, which all were bound to obferve, clainjr. ing a fuperiority over all the Catholicks there. Befides thofe of bis ownfociety, many of the Secular Priefts fubmitted unto him, though the greateil number and Learned fort of the Secular Priefts refilled hi^ itjperiority. If any Order might pretend to this Priority, it was moft proper for the BenediUines, extant in England zbovd a thoufand year's ago : one might admire why Father Wejion (hould fo earncflly defire fo filly a Dominion, having his power, as well as bis own perfon con- fined within the walls of Wisbich Caftle. Anno 1595. Began throughout England the more folem and ftrift obfervation of the Lord's day, occafioned by a Book then fee forth by P. Btund. D. D. and enlarged with additions. >i««o 1606. Hereupon the Lord's day (efpecially in Corporations ) began to be precifcly kept, people forbearing fuchfportsas yet by Sta- tute permitted ; yet Learned men were much divided in their Judgments about the Sabbatarian DeArines. The firft that publickly oppofed Dr. Bounds Opinions, was Mr. 'Thomoi Rogers of Horninger in Shjfolk,, in his Preface to the Book of Articles : yet notwithftinding were thefe Sabbatarian Doftrines publiftied more generally than before. The price of the Dodor's Book began to be doubled, as commonly Books are then moft called on, when called in. Yea fix years after i?ww<)j book came forth, with enlargements publickly fould. Now alfo began fome Opinions about Predeftination, Free-will, Per- feverancc, which much troubled the Schools and Pulpit. Wherein Archbilhop Whitgift caufed a folemn meeting of many Learned Di- vines at Lambeth , where ( befides the Archbilhop ) Richard B.f croft, LI Billiop ^5^ XfiZ W^OIV Of • Bifhop of Zo««/<;»- Richard VaHZ'mn , Bi/hop~of~^I^^^I 77*7^ and others were affembled. Thefe after ^AtnonsZTl??''f''^^'' now following Articles. ^^ ' ' '^'^^^^^ on rbe ?;,'V)-.Church Mm....5PS. I. ^^^^. .....,^ ^.^ Prcdeftir,^,, „^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^ II. Tlie moving caufe of Predefiination unto life «' ^ ■ , dansnedfor thirfm. '^'Ji^'^A/»», /W/ ^^ »ff,_^^^,7^, '^- ^tr;ie, Uving jnfiifyirig Faith, SiC. i, „otextimuia„A -n eth not ^way in the elect cither fin Jly or totally ^''"^"'J^""^' ^"'^'//^ VII. 5^i'//7g- Grace is not fiven, granted ran,,-.,. ■ by ^vkeh they may he faved tftheyVi^' ''^'^""^^^'^^^ "^ ->rn. VIII. No wan can come unt, ChriHr , VnleCs it It..// U. ■ unto h-.m, and unlefs the Father >S TJ ^^ ^i^^'' J^^ .e not dra.n hy th. Father, Z they .^^J^£ IX It is not in- the rpill or fomr of every one' to he%ed. Matthew Hmon, Archhi(]iop of York did ^]f.. f. v ' jr his judgement coiicur with thofc Divine.' at inl L\'"'' ^'''^y '^ i^ma,.^ in^i^ fent to amofl Reverend Prelate. ' ^^^"''^ ^^ a Letter of his Appeal./-. When tliefe Articles came abroad into the Wnr\A c 5>- 55,71,72. high Opinion of them, others valued them .^^ ^^"^ ^""^ ^« flatly condemned both' the Articles and the a T '^'\ ^""^ Ptnom. Ahhouph thofeTea^ed DK?!/ K "^ ^"T '"'^ P^^"^ competent Tudaef to mf. Sfi • r " ^' "°' acknowledged as received Doftrine of £,WW in^hlt A^ i I r^' ^'"'"' ""'^ tmerees. -^''^'-^''^. in that Age, about the forenamed Con- This t!jC CljUrclj of Great Britain. 2fp This year died firft Dr. WiiUant Wickjpam, bred in King's ColJedge in Cambridge, firft Bifliop of Lincoln, after of Winchejler, Secondly, Worthy Dr. William Whitakerr And among the Romanifts, Daniel Halefvporth, More infamous was the death of Robert Soath^cl, a Jefuite, who was executed fof a Tfaitor lit London. In the year 1596. died Bifliop Fletcher qf London, who died fud- denly, and John Coldwel, Biftiop of Sarisbury. About this time alfo died Doftor Laurence Humfrey , a moderate Non-conformift, Dean of Winchefier, and Matter of Magdalen ColJedge in Oxford. Mafter Bdiaz^asr Zanchez., a Spaniard^ born in Efiremadura, foun- ded an Almes-houfe at Tgtnam-Highcrafs in Middlefex, for eight fingle people, allowing them competent maintenance. Thomas Stapleton this year ended his life at Lavain : he was born at Henfield'm Sfijfex, and was a Learned affertor of the Romifli Re- ligion. This year alfo died Richard Cofim, Doftor of the Law, and Dean of Archesj one of the greateft Civilians which our Nation hath pro- . duced. The death of Robert Turner was now much lamented by the Papifts. He was born at Barfiable in Devonjhire, bred for awhile in Oxford, whence flying beyond the Seas, he became Canon of Brejlavf in Sik^ fid, and at the fame time Privy Councellor to the Duke of Bavaria. Fer- dinand of Gratz. ( afterwards Emperor ) took him from the Duke to be his own Secretary in the Latin Tongue. He licth buried at Gratz. under a handfom Monument. In the year 1599. died Richard //oollc«i',pf whom largely before. He was much lamented by Protcftants. ^r^ ■ ;. ■ Anno 1600. died two eminent Roman Catholicks; John Sannderfou, born in Lancafler , bred in Trinity Colledge in Cambridge , from whence he fled to Cambray in Artois. The other Thomas Cafe of St. Johns in Oxford, Doftor of Fhyfick • always a Papift in heart, but never es^ prcffing the fame, till a little before his Death, L 1 1 Cent, cjdo Xt)e !^ifto;t|> Of Century XVIL THe difference betwixt the Sfc«/^j and the y'ey'wifw ftill continuing and encreaGng, BiOiop Bancroft afforded the Seculars countenance and maintenance in London-houfe , furnifliing them with neceffirics tp write againft their Adverfaries, hoping the Proteftants might affaulc the Romifli caufe with the greater advantage, by the breach made to their. bands by the others own diflentions. Archbifliop Whitgift founded and endowed an Hofpital at Croy-' dm in Surrey, for a Warden and twenty eight Brethren : as al- fo a free School with liberal maintenance for the training up of Youth. Sir Kicb. Bn- The Queen and Her Council finding both the Jefuites and the Secular. %r^Chron. pfje^s -'A 'I \_ )Pfitiffborpw r TheChappel. Chrifi-Church. Wereefier. , yNefiminfter- S. Paul's. \ Chejfer. 1 Sarisbury. L SMindfor. Bancrcfp. Mat hew, Bllfo^.:, : Babingtofi. Rudd. VJatfon. ■ Mobinfpri. Dove. Deihs of A Dodior Field. King,. Againft eonformity. ■K-v^^« S Ranalds. Doaor < c^ , I bfarkj. Moderator Speliators Mafter Knewfiubs. Chadderton, King James. All the Lords of the ftisyr Gouncjl. ^,: . . On the firft dayes Conference the Bi/hops and five of the Deans were called in feverally by themfelves, then the King reduceth fome fpecial points wherein he defireth to be fatisfiedj to three Heads. I. Concerning the Book ;ofCpnin}onPr^er,.^f.; xSiA in the Church. '-■ (.;j ; ,;,• ■ ;. ,, z. Excommunication in Eeclefiaftical Courts. 3. The providing of fit and able Mtnifters for Ireland. In the Coromon-praycr-bopk he required imihik\pn about three things, . ^' : " " 1. ^out Confirmation. 2. Abfolution. 3. Private Bapiftn. Touching tljeCDUtCl) of Great Britain. 265 Touching Confirmation, he faidhe abhorred ■ the abufe wherein it was made a Sacrament, or Corroboration to Baptifm, As for jibfolmien, he faid he had heard it likened to Pope's Pardons. And Concerning Private Baptifm, he wonld be fatisfied, if called pri- vate from the place, or if fo termed that any befides a Lawful Minifter may Baptize, which he difliked. Concerning excommunication he offe/ed two things to be con- fidered of, 1, The Matter. 2. The Perfons. For the firfl:, whether it were executed in light Cafes, which caufetb the undervaluing thereof. For the perfons, he would berefolved, why Chancellors and Commiffaries being lay men ftould do it, and not'rather the Bi/liops themfelves, c^c. As for providing Minifters for 7re- landi he faid he would refer it in the laft dayes Conference to a Con fultarion. The Archbidiop of Canterbury anfwercd, that Confirmation hath been ufed in the Catholick Church ever fmce the Apoftles. The BiHiop oi London. That it is an Apoftolical Inftitution, named in exprefs words. Heb. 6. z. The Biihop of Carlik Learnedly urged the fame. And the Bifliop of Durham urged fomething out of S. Matheiv, for the Jmpofitionof hands on Children. ' . The Conclufion was this, for the fuller explanation, that we make Confirmation neither a Sacrament, nor a Corroboration thereof, their Lordfliip fliould ccjnfider whether it might not without alteration, be entitled an Examination with a Confirmation. As for Abfolmion, the Archbiiliop told His Majefty that it is clear from all Supcrftition as it is ufed in the Church of England, as will appear on the Reading both of the Confeflion and Abfolution. following it, in the beginning of the Communion-book. . Here the Kingpefufed both, liked and approved them. The Particular and Perfonal Abfolution in the Vifitation of the fick, was alfo Read by the Dean of the; ChappeL and approved bv the King. yf y The Conclufion was this, That the Bidiops fliould Confult, whether unto the Rubrick of the General Abfolution, thefe words- TRemilJion of fms^ might not be added for explanation-fake. To the point of Private Baptifm, the Archbifliop of Cmtcrbury faid, the Adminiftration thereof by women and Lay-perfons is not allowed in the Praftice of the Church, o-c- The King anfwered, the word, of the Book cannot but intend a permiilion of fuch perfons to Baptifc. The Bifliop of Worcefier faid, that the Compilers of the book did not fo in- tend 2(^4 Xl)e i^iftojt> of tend them, as appeareth by their contrary pradice. The Bifliop of London faid, thoft men intended a permiffion of private peifons to baptife but in cafe o£. neccftliy. Here he fpake much of the neceffity of ,Baptifm. The King anfwered, this neceflity of Baptifm I fo underftand, that it is r^eceflary to be had, if lawfully to be had, i.e. Miniftred by lawful Minifters, by whom alone, and no private perfon in any cafe it may be adminiftred. :1 nci;.':-M'. . The refuk was this. To con fult, whether in the Rubrick of Private baptifm, thefe words [^Curate, or lawfd Mitiijier'} may not be inferted. For the -^o'mt of Excommunication, His Majefty propounded, whe- ther incaufes of lefTer moment the name might not be altered, and tire fame cetifure retained. Secondly, whether in place thereof another coertion equivalent thereunto might not be invented. Which all fides yielded unto, and fo was an end of the firft dayes conference. On Monday famary 16. they all met in the fame place with all the Deans and Doftors aforementioned ( Patrick, Galloway Minifter of Fenh in Scotland, admitted alfo to be there ^ and Prince Heriry (at on a Stool by his Father. After the King had made a pithy fpeech to the four oppofers of conformity. He willed them to begin. Then Dr. Kaimlds faid, All things difliked , or quellioned, may be reduced to thefe four heads, I. That the DoBrine of the Church might be ^referved in furity accord- ing to God's word. I I. That good Fajiors might be planted in all Churches to preach the fame. III. That the Church-government might be fincerely Miniftred ac- cording to God's word. IV. That the hoo^^of Common-Grayer might he fitted to more encreafe of Fiety. For the firft, he defircd, that the book of Articles of Religion con- cluded on 1562. might be explained where obfcure, enlarged where defeAive, wz.. Art. 16. where it is faid, J.fter we have received the HolyGhoft, we may defart from Grace, Tbofe words may be explain- ed, with this addition, yet neither totally nor finally. He propounded alfo, that the nine Aflertions concluded on at tambeth, might be inferted into the Book of Articles. Some other^ things alfo he added. The Bifliop of London fpeaks paflionately againic Dc.Raimlds: for which the King reproveth him. As for Private Bapiifm, His Majefty faid, he had already with the Bi- fhops taken order for the fame. Then "^ j " »"ir a- 'tas t!je CljUtei) of Great Britain. 265 Then came they to Conprmativn. And after fome debate thereon betwixt Dr. KainoUs, and the Bilhops of Londm and Wtnchefier, his Majerty faid, he intended not to take confirmation from the Bifhops which they had fo long enjoyed • feeing as great reafon that none fiiould confirm, as nonelljouid Preach without cheBiQiop's Licenfe. Dr. Rainolds faid. It were well, if this propofition might be added to the book of Articles, Thi Intention of the Alifjijier is not of the Ejfencc of the Sacrament. H,^ urged again, that the nine Orthodoxal AfTercions concluded at Lambeth may be generally received. The King thought it unfit to thraft into the book of Articles every pofition Negative , which would fwell the book into too great a vo- lume. And as to the nine Aflercions, his Majefty faid, he knew not what they were. The Billiop of London told the King the occafion of thegj. He anfwercd,the better courfe would be to punilh the broachers of falfe Dodrine than to multiply Articles. Then Dr. Rainolds requeftcd, that one Uniform Catechifm may be made, and none other generally received. His Majefty thought the Doftor'j rcqueft very reafonable, yet fo, that the Catechifm may be made in the feweft, and plainefb affirmative terms that may be. And herein ffaid he) I would have two Rules to be obferved. i. That curious and deep queftions be avoided in the fundamenial inftruftion of a people. 2. That there fliould not be fo general a departure from the Papifts, that every thing fliould be ac- counted an errour wherein we agree with them. Dr. Rainolds faid. Great is the profanation of the Sabbath day, and contempt of your Majcfties Proclamation which I earneftly defire may be Reformed. This motion found an unanimous consent. Then the Doftor delircd that the Bible be New Tranflated,&c. His Majefty anfwered, that he never yet faw a Bible well-tranilated in Engliffji and he wiflied fome fpecial piins were taken for an Uniform Tranflation, which fliould be done by the beft learned in both Uni- verfities ; then reviewed by the Bifliops, prefented to the Privy Coun- cil, laftly ratified by Royal Authority to be read in the Church, and none other. Dr. Rainolds moved alfo, that unlawful and Seditious Books be fup- prcffed. The Lord Cecil, that thefe had done much mifchief;, but tijiecially one, called Speculum Tragieitm. His Majefty fajd, that was a dangerous book indeed. Concerning the planting of Learned Miniftcrs in every Parifl), His Majefty faid he had confulted with his Bifliops about it • whom he found willing and ready herein. The Bifliop of London moved, that there might be a praying Mini- iftry aqiongus> faying, that men now thought it is the onely du'y.of ■^ Mm Minillers ,66 "^i)^ 1^!S0?1> of Ministers to fpend their time in the Pulpir. His Majefty weH Kked his motion. His fecond motion was, that until Learned men- may be planted in every Cong.regation, Godiy Homilies may be read therein. The King liked this motion, efpcciaUy where the living is not fufficient to maintain a Learned Preacher. Alfo where were mulritudts of Sermons, he would have Homilies read divers times. The FUin'iffij confeffed , A Preaching Miniftry is belt; but where ic may not be had. Godly Prayers and exhortations do much good. The- BiiJiop's laft raarion was, that Pulpits may not be madepafquils, where- in every difcontented perfon may traduce his Superiors. His Majefty approved thereof. Then T>t .RainoUs came to Subfcrij>tio>if as a great impeachment to a Learned Miniftry, and therefore entreated it might not be esafted as heretofore.for which many good men are kept out, though otherwife willing to fubfcribe to the Statutes of the Realm, Articles of Religion, and the King's Supremacy. He objefted againft the enjoyning of the Apocrypha Books to be read in the Church, fome Chapters therein con- raining maiiifeft errours repugnant to Scripture, His Majeft;y faid, he would not have all Canonical books read in the Church, nor any Chapter out of the Apocrypha, wherein any errour is contained. .> The next fjruple againit Subfcription was, becaufe it was twice fet down in the Common-prayer-book, fefitf faid ts his Difciples, when by the Text in the Original it is plain;, that hefpake to the Pharifees. His Majefty anAvered, let the word [_Difcipl(s^ be omitted, and the. -words £fefffs faid 2 ^eVi'i^i^d in a. diScreniChiv^d:er.' Mr. Knervjiubs took exceptions at the Crofs in baptifm, and faid, it is queftionablc whether the Church hath power to inftitute an outward fignificant fign. The Bilhop oi Lmidon anfwered, The Crofs i-n Baptifm ii not ufed otherwife tbran a Ceremony. • HisMajefty deftred to be acquaii^ced about the Antiquity of the ufe of Crofs. Dr. Raimlds faid, it hath been ufed ever liiice the Apoilles rime, but the queftion is, how Ancient the ufe thereof hath been in Baptifm. The Bilhop of IVincbeficr faid, in Coaiiantine's time it was ufed in Baptifm. His Majefty replied, it fo, I fee no reafon but we may continue it. Mr. A'?OBe Religion in fubltance, and in Cere- IM^— ^M^W^— ■■^■[■■■ll I ■ I I IIMI^ ■ ■'■ L ■■ ■■ in M ■ - — ■ III I a II II III I T - ■ I . I tijeCljiircij of GaEAT Britain. r^-j Ceremony.- Never fpeak more to that point, how far ye are borind to obey. - - J Doftor Rainolds wi(hcd, that the Crofs ('being Superftitioufly abufed in Popery j were abandoned, as the Brazen-ferpe^nt was ftamped to pow- der by Hez.ekiab, becaufe abufed to Idolatry. HisMajefty anfwered, Inafmuch as the Crofs was abufed to Super- ftition in time of Propery, it doth plainly imply, that it was well ufed before. He faid, he detefted their courfcs, who peremptorily dif- aliow of all thinj^s which have been abufed in Popery, and know not how to anfwer the Objeftions of the Papifts, when they charge us with Novelties, but by telling them, we retain the Primitive ufe of things, and onely forfake their Novel corruptions. Secondly, no re- femblance between the Brazen-Serpent (a material vifible thing) and the hgn of the Crofs made in the Air, Thirdly, Papifts did never afcribe any fpiritual grace to the Crofs in Baptifm. Laftly, material Croffes to which people fell down in time of Popery ( as the Idolatrous Jews to the Brazen-ferpent ) are already de- molilhedjas you delire. Mr. Knew flubs proceeded, excepting at the wearing of the Surplice, a kind of garment (faid he) ufed by the Priefts of 7/w. His Majefty anfwered, he did not think till of late, it had been borrowed from, the Heathen, becaufe commonly cMed a Rag of Popery. And feeing we border not upon Heathens, c^c. I fee no reafon ( faid he J but for comelincfs fake it may be continued. Dr. Rainolds faid, I take exception at thefe words in Marriage, With my body I thee worjhip . HisMajefty anfwered, I find it an ufual Englifli Term, A Gentleman of Worfhip : and it agreeth with the Scriptures, Giving honour to the wife The Dean of Sarnm faid, fome take exception at the Ring in Marriage. Di'. Rainolds faid, he ap- proved it well enough. Then faid he, fome take exceptions at the Churching of women by the name of Purification. His Majefty faid, I allow it very well. Unto DoAor Raineldshh laft exception againft committing Ecclffi- aftical cenfures to Lay- chancellors, HisMajefty anfwered, that he had conferred with the Billiops about that point, and fuch order Ihould be taken therein as was Convenient. i . Doftor Rainolds defired; That according to certain Provincial Con- ftituions -the Clergy may have meetings every three weeks, i. In Ru- ral Deaneries, therein to have»,propfcfc)"«»>;y.]} Werenot their nutnber many, I fhould oftentimes fit alone. I have often complained of the meannefs of mat- ters handled therein, but cannot remedy it : for though theoffence be fmall, that the Ordinary may, yet the Offender oft-times isfo great, that the Ordinary is forced to crave help at the High-commtffion to punifli him. A naraelefs Lord faid. The proceedings in that Court are like the Spa- nifli Inquifition, wherein men are urged to fubfcribe more than Law re- quireth ^ and by the Oath Ex officio, forced to accufe thenrfelves, being examined upon many Articles on a fiidden, and for the moft part againit, ihemlelves. "* The Lord Chancellor faid. There is neceflity, and ufe of the Oatb Ex officio, in divers Courts and Caufes. His Majefty faid. That it b requifire that fame and fcandals be looked onto in Courts Ecclefiaftical, and yet great moderation is to be ufed therein. And here he foandly dcfcribed the €>ath Ex offcit for the ground thereof, the wifdota of the Law therein , the manner of proceeding thereby, and profitable effed from the fame. After much difcourfe between the King, the Bifliops, and the Lords, about the quality of the Perfons, and Caufes^ia the High Commiffion, reftifying Excommunications in matters of lefs moment, puniflung Re- '.Churclj Knevet, Gentleman of his Majefty's Privy Chamber, and others, in the ' Vault under the Parliament Houfe. There was quickly difcovered, a pileoffewel, faced over with Billets, lined under with thirty fix Bar- rels of Powder, beOdesIron bars to make the force of the fire more effe- ctual. 6';.D. and Maftbr of Emmanuel Colhdge.. Mr. Dillingham of Chriji's Colled gc . Mr. Andrews, after D. D. Brother to.the Bifliop oV WincheJFer , and* MaRer of jefus Golledge. Mr. Harifoa, Vice-mafter of TTn'ivuyColledgs. Mr. Scalding, Fellow of St. 'John's in Cambridge, and Hebrew Piro- feffor therein. Mi.Bing, TeWow.oi' Peter-houfe in Cambridge, and Hebrew Pr.ofeiIbr; therein. Cambridge YIT. Tl^eVr^tyer of' Manajp.h, andthe reft'of tlieApocry.p.ha.. Doflor Ditfort, Mafter of fefa-s Colledge .- Doftor Bramhvoait, after Mafter of G anvil 3.nd Cairn Colledge. Boftor Radchfe, a Senior Fellow of Trinity CoUedge. Mr. Ward, after D". B."M&6.et of Sidney Colledge, :^nd Mar/^aret- ProfelTor. , Mr. Z)otv?ff/,, Greek Profeffor. Mr. Boys, Fellow of St. ftte's Colledge, Parfonof BoxworthmCam'. bridge- fhixe. Mt.Ward, Regal, after D.D. K^^or. of Bijltop's Walfham in If.mp^- (hire. Oxford vrii: The fdar Gof^els, Ads of. the Apoftles, Appcalypfe,. DoBor Ravii, Dezn of Chrifi-chHrch", after Bifliop of LWo-?. I^odoi- George Abbot , Mafter nf-Vniverfity Colledge , afterwards^. Arebbi ft) c p of , Canterbury . ViQ{\or Eedes.. Mr.XoiKpfoji, Hi.SAjuiU. BoAorr t!)e CljtttClJOf Great Britain. 275 Bo6tov Peryu. Dodior E averts. Mr. Harnfev. Vfejiminjitr VU. The Epiftles of St, P^w/, the Canonical Epiftlcs. Doftor 'Karlovf , of Trinity~haU in Cambridge, after Bifliop of Lin- coln. Doctor Mmchinfon. DoAor Sfeneer. Mr. Fenton. Mr. Rabhtt. Mi.Sannderfgn. ' Mr. DakinJ. • : • The King's Inftrudions to the Tranflators were thcfe following. I. The ordinary Bible read in the Church, to be followed, and as lit- ^, tie altered, as the Original will permit. F«//.T.churd? I I. The names of the Prophets, and the holy Writers, with the other Hifcory. names in the Text, to be retained as near as may be, accordingly as they """ ^ are vulgarly ufed. III. The old Ecdciiaftical words to be kept, &c. IV. When any word hath divers fignifications, that to be kept which hath beenmoftcommonjy ufed by the moft eminent Fathers, being agree- able to the propriety of the place, and the Analogy of Faith. • V. The divifion of the Chapters to be altered, either not at all, or as little as may be, c^c. VI. No Marginal notes at all to be affixed, but only for the explanati- on of the Hebrew, or Greek words, which cannot without fome circum- locution, fobriefly andfitly beexprcfledin theText. VII. Such Quotations of places to be marginally fetdown, as fljall ferve for the fit reference of one Scripture to another. VIII. Every particular man, of each company, to take the fame Chapter, or Chapters^ and having tranflated or amended them feverally by Iiimfijlf, where he thinks good, all to meet together, confer wbut they havedone, and agree for their part what flnllfland. 1 X. As any one company haih thusdifpatched any one Book, they Ihall fendit to tliereft, to be confidered of ferioufly and judicioully. X. If any company, upon the review of the Book fo fentjLail doubt, or differ upon any places, to fend them*word thereof, noie the places, and therewithal! fend their Reafons : to which, if they confent nor, tlic N n 2 difference 176 '" ^Ijc Wtfib.jp of difference to be compounded at the General meetings which is-io bp of the chief perfons of. each company at the end of the work . X '. When any place of fpecial obfcurity is doubted of. Letters to be direffed by Authority, to fend to any learned in the Land for his judg- ment in fuch a place. X- , , XII. Lecters to be fent from every Bifliop to the reft of his Clergy, crc. to move and charge as many as, being skilful in the Tongues, liave taken pains in that kind, to fend his particular Obfervations to the company, ciiiierac Wf/?wj///?er, Camlrridge, ox Oxford. XIII, The Direftors in each Company to be the Deans of West- TKififier, and Chefier, for that place; and the King's ProfefFors m the Hebrew and the Greek in each llniverfiiy. XIV. ThefeTranllationstobeufed,'. J '^fh^' when thev agree better with the Text, )^ C r ^^ w"/' than the Biihops Bible ordinarily read in / '~- ? ZT C I Che Church i ■ f ^ w^Jitchnrch. '.^ '!-''• 9-' ■• r - Three or four of the mofl: grave Divines in either of the Univerfities, not employed in transiting, to be alTigned by the Vice-ChanceUor, upon Conference with the reft of the Heads, to be Overfeers of the Tranflati- Oi'.s, as weH Hebiew as Greek. The untimely death of Mr. Edward Lively (much weight of the Work lying on his Skill in the Oriental Tongues) happening aboi^t this time, much retarded their proceedings. On Afay zi. 1607. died Dofl^or John Rainolds, King's Profeffor in Oxford, and one of chofe Tranflitors of the Bible. So great was his Memory,, that he could readily turn to all material paffages in every Leaf, Page, Volume, Paragraph, in all his voluminous BDoks. A man of a foil d Judgment, and great Hamilky. His difaffcdiontothe efta- bliflied Difcipline was not fo great, asfome BiOiop.^ didfufpeft, or as more Non-conformifts did believe. He defired the aboli/hing of fome Ceremonies for the eafe of others Confciences, to which, in his own pra- ♦tife, hedid willifigly fubmit, kneeling at the Sacrament, andconftantly wearing Hood and Surplice. On his death-bed he defired jibfolittion , according to the form of the Church of Er.gU-,id,- and received itfronj Doftor Holland. DoAor Ee.^tly made his funeral Oration in the Col- ledge, Sir Ifaac Wake in the llniverfi:y. In this year i^\tA Richard Vanghan, D. D. fucceilively Biihop of Bangor, Ciiijicr, and London : Mr. Thomas BrlghtmAn died the fame year. He wa^bornin the Town of iVomwj^^^w, bred in .^fe«y Col- iedgs in Camhridge, where a conitant oppoficion, in point of Judgment, about Ceremonies, was maintained betwixt him and Dodor Aferyton, afterwards Dean, of To; )^. He died fuddenly (according to hisdefire) and: tDe C!)ttrCl) of Gr?at Britain. 277 and was buried at Hames in Bedford-Jbire, whereof he had been Mini- ijer fifteen yearsj Dodor B^/Wey preaching his Funeral Sermon. King fames founded a Collcdge uChelfey, and beftowed on the fame, by his Letters Patents, the Reverfion of good Land in Chelfey, then in poflleffion of Charles Earl of Nottingham. D.odiOt Matthew Sutcliffe, D,emqi Extter, beftowed on this Collcdge,.. . t , >: CKingfion, T Ci -Staverton . "J AlHn- the County The TAtmsjHaz.z^rd, Tin theVi-Jz-Harberton. Cof -DweWjand put of SAfpleton, r rjfli of S3 .CWc/jfw. Q together worth ^Kramer land, J ^^^Sto\!e-rivers.JiOQ^ L fer ji^num* > C'.'OJ ur.'N Befide-s thefe, by his Will he bequeathed unto Doftor John Vrideaux^i and Do(Sor Clifford ( as Feoffees in truft to fettle the fame on the Col- ledge j the benefit of the extent on a Statute of four thoufand pounds, acknowledged by Sir Lewis Sfeukly, &c. Here we will infcrt the number and names of the Provoft and firft Fellows. . '!-;■!' '■'^';- Matthew Sutclif, Dean of Exceter, Provolt. 1. fohnOveral, Dean of Sr. Paul's. 2 . Thomas Morton, Dean of Winchejier^ 3. Richard Field, Dean of Glocefter. 4. Robert Abbot. 5. fehn Spencer. 6 Miles Smith.. 7. William Cevit. 8. John Hewfon. 9. ]ohn Layfidd, i>D.oftors of Divinitjr. 10. Denjamtn Carrier, •'- 1 1 . Martin Fotherby, 12. John hays, 13. RjchardBret. 14. Peter Lilie. 15. Francis Bitrley. 16. William'Hellier, Ar chdencon of Bar jf able. If. John White, TeWow o{ A- and com- petent number of Divines, appointed for that purpofej wliofe Induftry, Skilfuinefs, Piety, and Difcretion, hath therein bound the Church un- to tlieni in a debt of thankfulnefs, as Mr. Fuller well noteth. The Roraanifts lake exceptions atthefeveral fences of words noted in the Margin. And fome Brethren complained of this Tranflation, for lack of the Geneva Annotations. But thofe Nores could no way be fit- ted to this new Edition of the Bible. And as fome perchance over-valued the Geneva Notes, out of that fpecial love they bear to the Authors, and place whence it proceeded j fo on the other fide, fome without caufe did flight, or rather uncharitably did flander the fame : for about Fw/Zf)- Church ^'''^ '™^ ( ^^"o ^'^ii ) aDoftorin 0.vf<>?-^pnblickly, in his Sermon Hiflory. itSt. Maries^i accufcd them as guilty of miliPterpretaiion touching the A^no 1611. Divinity of Chrift, and his Meflias-fhip, as if fymbolizing with Arrians and yfrp/againft them both ; for which he was afterwards fufpended by Dodot Robert Abhor, Propter condones fublfCasminin arthodoxas, & of- fenfio'iisplenas. This year King famet was careful for the feafonable fuppreflion of the dangerous Doftrines of Cewr^j^.'^ ri>?///«^. This Doftor had lived about fifteen yejrsa Miniller at Steinford, within the Territories of the Counts of TEZLENBVKG, BENTHAM.Sic. the Counts where- of were the firl^ in rafting off the Romifh yoke, and ever fincc continuing Proteftants. This ForfiiHs had written to, and received Letters from armn San.ofatenianHtxmzks m Poland. ind became infeded therewith. hereupon he fet forth two Books j the one entitled, TRACTATvS I, theo- t^t Cl)ttt:c!) of Great Britain. q^q THE0L0GI6VS DE DEO, dedicated to the Land-grave of HES- 5£A^; the other EXEGESIS APOLQCETlCA,dedknedio the ■ States, both of them fluffed with many dangerous Pofuions concerning the Deity. This Wretch debafed the Purity of God, afligning him a material body, confining hislmmenfity, as not being everywhere, fliaking his Immutability, as if his Will were fubjed to change ; darkening his Omnifciency, as uncertain in future contingents, with many more mon- fkous Opinions.. Notwithftanding. ail this, thefaid. Vorfiim waschofen by the Curatdfe of the Univerlity of Zey^ff, to be their publick Divt- nitjr^Profeffor , in the place of Anninius lately deccafcd ^ and to that end the States General, by their Letters fent, and fued to the Count of ■ TECKLENBOVRGH and obtained of him , that rorfiius ihould : come from Steinford, and become publick Profeffor in Leyden. King James being this Autumn in his hunting Progrefs, did light upon,. and perufed'the aforefaid Books of Vorflim ; heobferved>the dangerous- Pofitions therein, determining fpeedily to oppofe them.- Hdreuponlie presently difpatched a Letter to Sk E alpkWinwood, his Ambaffidor, Re- iidenc with the States, requiring him to lettliem underftand, how highly he/liould bedifpleafed, iffucha Monftcras Forftt'M, ihould be advan- ced.in their.Church. This was feconded wirh a large Letter of bis Ma- jefties to the States, dai;ed O^ober the fiKth, to the lameeffeft. But the States entertain not the motion of King Jamcmgixn^tVor^iiw, accord- • ing to expedation. TheyJaid, Thjrtf YQ):iUm had for.Kcrly been fanl- ty in offeyifive expreljions, he had fince cleared hnnj'e/f in a n'.tvDtclararion. . For lately he fet forth a Book, entitled, AChrifiMi and-modtfi Anfwir, but he gave no fatisfa'! ion in his new Declaration. King ^an?es thercfyrc gave InftruifHons to his Ambaflidor, to make publick proreftation againll their proceedings, wliicJi Sir R.ilfh-W'imvood- moft folcmnly performed. And after his Maj'efties Requeft, Letter, and ' P.rx)teftation, had mifTedtheir defired efFed, he wrote in French a Decla- ration againft l^'orftipu, which lince, by .his leave, hath been tranflated"' intoEngtifh, among his other Works. ^»r///>« his Baoks were alfo, by the King's Command, publickly burnt at Sw Pmrs- crjf sin London, and-*. in bothUniverfities._ The fame year, in MArch,- Barthelomew Legate, an Arriafii was burnt '. in Smithfleld, for denying the. Deicy of the Son of God, and' holding, that there.arie. no Perfons in the. Godhead, with many oiher damnable • Tenets. In the next month Edvo^ard^ Wightman, of Bitrtm- upon Trent, was'- Hmni it Litfhfi(ld, for holding, ten feveral/Herelies, .viz.. iho^eoi Ebi-- •H, Ccrimhas, l^alentinian, jirriui, Macedoniiis,'- Simon AiagHSj Ai^-' MS, Mstnicbeui. , , fhouin»s , and of che Ariabaptilis, 'OaJ>'*i a Spa-* nifli ArridJf J who was condemned., to. die , . wxis.. notwithftanding*. fuffetcdJ :go XDe i^utpii? of iuflFered to linger out his Life in NewgMe , where, he ended che fame. • This year died Richard Smton, the Founder of C/3(ir«r-fco«/e Holpi- tal, Efquire. The Manors which in fevera! Counties he feded^ for the maintenance of tins Hofpital, were thefe, 1 . Baljham Mannor in Cambridge-Jljire. 2. Blafiingthorp Mainnor in Lincoln-flnre. 3- BUcksgi'oveMnnnotinWilt-flnre. 4. Broad- Hit: I onLznd in WtU-fhire. w ^'•"'? 5. C.tjHc-Cn?npsMinnor in Cambridge-fljire, 6. ChiltotJ^iimWi'inWilt-Jlji-re 7. J);/ff^j Mannor in Li/icoln-flnre. '■- 8 . Elcomb Manner and Park in WUt-fljire. 9. ^ackj?eyLirsdivi Middlefex. iO. Haliinihrny- Bouchers Minnot in EJfex. i 11. Mijfftnden UinXKiX in Wilt- jhire. 1 2. Mitch-Stanhndge Mannor in Ejfex, 13. AVro« Mannor in fj/f-v. 14. S*j/t^rap Mannor in Wilt-^ire. 15. Sotith-minfier Minnor in £Jfex. ■''h;.''*"-x 16. Tottenhan Lznd in AliddleJ'ex, 17. t/'^or^ Mannor in IVHt-jlnre. . 18. IVatelfcot Minnor in Wilt-jhire. 19. Weftcot Mannor in Wilt-Jlnre. 20. WroHghton Mannor in Wilt-Jlnre. Anno 1612. On iVtft;ew^e>- the fixtb, died Prince f/w;-^ of a burn- ing Fever. He was generally lamented of the wholeLand, bothUni- verfitiespublifhing their Verfes in print. Prince Henry's Funerals arefolJowed with the Prince Palatine's Nupti- als, folemnized with great ftate. Anno 161^, NirholMWadham Efquire, of ^fj'j'/^fW in the County of Sommerfet, bequeathed, by his Will, four hundred pounds per [- After tl)C Cl)tttCl) of Great Britain. 281 After thefe he began his Exercitations on Baronitts his Ecclefiaftical An- nals, which more truly may be termed. The Annals ef the Church of Some. -He died, and was buried in the Sou'h-Iflc of yj eftminfter-Abhy. His Monument was ereded at the coll of Thoma* Morton, Bifliop of Durham. Kntio 16 14. Mr. John SeUen fet forth his Book of Tithes, wherein he Hiftorically proveth,that they were payable jure humane, and not other- wife. Many wrote in anfwer to his Book. Anno 1616. Mr. Andrew Melvin was freed from his imprifonment in the Tower, whither he had been committed for writing fomc Satyrical Verfes againft the Ornaments on the Altar in the Kings Chappel. He afterwards became a Profeflbr at Sedan, in the Duke of Bovillon's Coun- try. Here he traduced the Church of £»^/ O Pairon :82 %\)t ^iHtOlV of Patron the Arcbbiflwp, againft whom many Bilhops began then to com- bine. Dr. Mocket's Book was cenfured to be burnt, which was dotife accordingly : foon after he ended his life. Annol6ij. died Robert Abbot, Bifliop of Salisbury: he died of the Stone, and was much lamented by the Univerfity of Oxford. About this time William Perry, a Boy dweling at Bilfon M^StAfford-fhire, not fuU fifteen years of Age, was praAifed on by feme Jefaites (re- pairing to the Houfe of Mr, G*,^!!^, in that County ) to difftmble hira- fclf pofieffed. But the Boy having gotten a habit of counterfeiting, "' leading a lazy life thereby, to his own cafe and Parents profit, would not be aodevilcd by all their Exorcifmes, fo thai the Priefls raifed up a Spirit wbich they could not allay. Ac laft by the I nduftry of Dr. Mor^ ton, then Bifliop oi -Coventry zni Litchfidd, the jugiing was kid ©pen to- the World bjf the Boys own corfeilion and repentance. ' ' All this Kings Reign was fcattered over with Cheaters ia thiskirai. SonaePapifts, fomeSedaries J fome neither. ;. .;!/!iaa irl-' . Papiftfe' cT •. a;i3lno3 E gniJI ; Sarah Williams:. -^-- .i>-inM. '.^Vi-T. lAn-..":^' Grace SonrbKts of S^l^^iibkyinLaffeap^e. ] Mary and Amy two Maids of Wefirninfier^ Bdvtitrd iHance-, a Popifti Prieft. " ■'- -l-'- ^ - : .-. - No Pap^/ ■' ^-^ -^'- -51^1 ^- -"^ , T MifhardBeyidaelf^Y^owotNexvCoUedgeidOxfoY^^,^ in his dreams Latin Sermons againll the Hierarcliy. Here- canted, and lived long after in SW-/7j;Ve, fo perfonated a Demo- niack, that fee deceived many. -J' The King having the laQ year in his^ progrefs^ into Sc^lavd, through Latjcajhire, obferved, that by the ftriAnefs of fame M^iftrates and Miniftcrs, in feveral places, people were hindered from their recreations^ €>n che Sunday, the Papifts being thereby perfwaded, thac no recreation, was tolerable in our Religion •, whereupon the Court being at Green- wich, he fet forth a Declaration for liberty on the Lord's day : When this. Declaration came abroad, many were offended at it. But no Mini- fter was enjoyned to rcadthe Book in his Parifli, wherewith they hai fo afirlghted therafelves^ . - '-■'■' Yet CljUrclj of Great Britain. ^aSj Yet man jr conceived, that the Declaration came forrh feafonablyi to fupprefs the endeavour of fuch, who now began to broach the dregs of Judaifm, whereof 7^?^« Thrask, was a principal, who afferted. That the Lord's dAy was to be obferved with the fame firi^nefs by Chrifimns, as it wofby fews, and that all Meats drinks forbidden in the Leiiitical Law boHnd Chriflians to the fame obfervance, thereby opening the door to let in the rabble of alt Ceremonies. He feduced many fouls with his Tenets, and his own wife among many others. For ihefe he was cenfured in the Srar-chamber, but afterwards recanted his Opinions. He afterwards relapfed, not into the fame, but other Opinions. He Sclater. Ex- afferted, That one may kfjoxv jinother s Eleilion: or. That one that ^^ pofit.in irt^j". the child of God may infallibly know the EteElion and Regeneration of^^'^' '*' Another. Dr. William Sclater, faich. That for his outragiom behaviour he received fublick^ (iigmatical punifljment. ' At this time began the troubles in the Low Countries about matters ofReJigion, heightned between two oppofit parties ; Remonflrants, md Contra-remonjirants. Their controverfies being chiefly reducible to five paints , Of Predejiination and Reprobation , ef the latitude of Chriji's death i- of the power of Man's free'Will, both before and after his conver- fioh ; anefef the Eleft's perfeverance in Grace. To decide thefe difficuJ- sies , The States of the Vnited Provinces, refolved to call a National Synod at Dort, defiring fome forreign Princes to fend them the aid of their Divines for fo pious a Work. Efpecially , they requeued our King of Great Britain, to contribute his afliftance thereunto, who oat of his Princely wifdora made choice of, George Carletoh , D. D. then Bi/hop of Landaff , and afterwards Biihop of Chichefier. fofeph Hall, D. D. then Dean of Worcefier, andafter Bifliop of Exe- ter vad Norvfich. -ivi *!:':(1 ;;;5,i ;! fohn Psvenant, D. D. then Margaret- Pr of e jfor , and Mailer of Queens Colledgc in CatnbriHge. St^mael Ward, D. D^ then Matter of Sidney Colledge in Cambridge, and Archdeacon of Taunton. - vTbefe repairing tohisMajefty zt New-market, received Inftruftior.s from him concerning their behaviour in the Synod j on OB-cLcr ^y.-they came to' the Hague^ ^flhert tbey kiflcdihebandof hisExceiJcncv.: Grave iMaurice, to whom the Bifliop made a fhbrt fgeech, and by whom they were all courteoufly entertained. Hence they removed to Dor/ = wbcK.? November.^, the Synod' began. Every one at his firll: entrAnce: tafeing sgi: adrairtion Oath. Thefe four Divines had allowed them by tineweflt threafcoi-fi and ten potjnds ;. weekly Intelligence was commtinfea'Krd 'to thclCiDgfrara'.hisDitOTqs.!! -:'ifiM u' ; i;;iw.>lli(i Int ,x>&l^\\Z 'io -Aih Go 2 ^'>r€)i5 i$4 %\)t ttfto^y of Q^Decenberio. Walter Bdanqnal B. D. and Fellow of Pembrooks hAll, came into the Synod, being added to the four Englifh Colleagues in the name of the Chuch of ScotUnd. Dr. Hdl finding that Air not agreeing with his health, on bi« humble requeft, obtained his Majeftie's leave to return: whereupon with a Latin Ipeech gravely delivered, he publickly took his folemn farewell of the Synod, and returned into his own Countrey. On Junn^ryj. Dr. Thomas Goad, Qhi^hmto George Archbifhop of Canterbury came into the Synod, fent thither by his Ma- "" jefty of Great Britain. Afril the twentieth, the Beigick Confeffion was brought into the Synod, containing matter both of Doftrine and Difcfpline, and the pub- lick confent thereunto was required. Here Biftiop Carkton, in the name of the reft, approved all the points of Dodrine. But as for matter of Difcipline , that his own Order , and his Mother-church, might not fuffer therein, and he fecmby filence to betray the caufe thereof, a Pro- teft was enircd by hira as mouth for the reft, to prcferve the fame. Thefe things he profeffed himfelf to have hinted , not to offend thofe Churches therewith, but to defend their own Church of England. To this Interpellation of theBritifh Divines, nothing at all was anfwcred^ And fuch as deCre further fatisfadion herein, may perufe the joynt At- teftation which thofe Englifli Divines did fet forth, Anne 1626. to jufti- "^""^ fie their proceedings therein. On Agril 29. the Sy nod ended . The States to exprefs their gratitudci gave to the Englifl] Divines two hundred pounds at their departure, to bear their charges in their return ; befides a Golden Medal of good value was given to every one of them, wherein the fitting of the Synod was artificially reprefented. When their work was ended, they viewedihe moft eminent Cities in the Low Countries, and. at all places were bounti- ?s.'.'a-.Chirch fuUy received, Leiden onely excepted : for the Great ones of that Uni- H^. aA. A':„ yerGty, at this time being Remonftrants , were difaffeded to the decifi- ^'' ons of the Synod. This gave occafion to that paffage in the fpeech, of Sir Dudley Carleton, the Englifti Ambaffador, when in the name of his Mafter he tcndred publick thanks to the States for their Great refpeds to the Englifh Divines, ufing words to this effeft. That they had keen tmertainedat K.'nAeiAzm, rvelcommed at the Hague, cheerfully received at Rotterdam, kindly embraced at Utrecht, drc and that they hadfeen leiden. How high anefteemthe S TA TE S G E NER A L, had of our Englifl] Divines will appear by their Letters which they fent to King James, written in Latin. With wbkh Letters they came over into Eng' land, and prefenred themftlves to the King at Court, where after cour- teous entertaining of them , he favourably difmiffed them , Removing Itiikop Cjrleten 10 Chichejier, preferring. Dr. Davenant to the Bifliop- rick of Salisbwry , and bcftowing the Mafterftup of the Savoy upon Bal- taxfHoL The t\)t Ci)ttrclj of Great Britain. 285 The decifions of this Synod have been fince approved, applauded, foh.coodwin- magnified by fome^ vilified, condemned by others. Offuch as diflike in his Re- the Synod, none falls heavier upon it, than Mr. John Goodwin, charging rfemption the Synodians to have taken a previous Oath to condemn the oppofice par- Redeemed, ty on what termes foever. f.i5.;^ra(?.24. Mr. FtdUr defirons to be rightly informed herein, wrote a Letter to Biftiop ^i«//, who was pleafcd to return hira this anfwer. Whereas you defire from me a.juSl relation of the carriage of the bttfinefs of the Synod of Dort> and the conditions required of our Divines there, at , or before their jidittijfton to that Grave and Learned j4JfeirMy • I, vehom God was pleafed to employ, as an unworthy Agent in that great work., and to referve Jiili upon Earth, after all my Reverend and Worthy Affociates \ do , as in the pre fence of that God, toxvhom I am now daily expelling to yield up my account, tefiifietoyou, and ( if you will) to the World, that I cannot withgut jufi indignationreadthat flaunderotts Imputation vfhith Mr, Good- win, in his Redemption Redeemed, reports to have been raifed, and call- upon thofe Divines , eminent both for Learning and Piety : That they fuffcred thcmfelves to be bound with an Oath, at, or before their Ad-i ,- miffion into that Synod, to vote down the Remonftrants howfoever. fo j as they camedeeply preingaged to the decifion of thofe unhappy diflfer- ences. All the Oath that was required of us was this. After that the Moderator^ A/fifients, and Scribes were chofen, and the Synod formed, and the fever al members allowed, there was afolemn Oath required to be taken by every one of that Ajjembly, which was puhlickly done in agrave manner, by every perfon in their order, jianding up-, ■ and laying his Hand uptn hii heart , calling the great God of Heaven to witnefs, that he would, unfartially proceed in the judgement of thefe Co^troveifies, which [hould be laid before him, onely outef, and according to the written Word ef God,. and nootherwife- fo determining of thm, as he fljonld find in his Confci- tnce moH agreeable to the holy Scriptures. Which Oath was punftually agreed to be thus taken by the Articles of theStates, concerning the In- • diftion, and ordering of the Synod, as plainly appeareth in their tenth Article ; and this was all the Oath that was either taken or requi-- red, &c. The fame year died Dr. fames. Mountaguc , the worthy Bifliop of Winchejler, fon to S\t Edward Mountague-oi Boughton'm Northampon- fitire, highly favoured by King fames, preferring him to the Bilhoprick firft of Bath and Wells, then to Winchejler. In Bath he lies buried un- der a fair Tombi though the whole Church be his Monument, whichhis- Bounty repaired. Anno.i6ig. ikd fohnOverat, BiShop of Norwich, accounted one of: the moft Learned Controvcrfial Divines of thofe days. Anno 1620, theProteftant States of the Upper and Lo'wst Ahftri*, . upon the approach of the Bavarian Army, feeing nothing but manifeft ruin.,, 286 ' / ■. :. Xl]e i^iito^p of l^ctjcns' ruin, renounce tlxir Confederacy with the Bohemians, and fotMnit to Eudiworth. tlie Emperor, faving to themfclves their Rights and Priviledges in Reli- [^^'J°'"'_^Col- giQp_ And the Eleftor of S-j-vaw^affilb the Emperor, and executes the ' """" Ban againft the Palatine. King fames foon after receives the news of the Palfgrave's overthrow. Afcer the Affembly at Segenbergh,, the Palatine and his Princefs took their journey into HolUnd, where they found a refuge, and noble entertainment with the Prince of Orange. The AmA baffage of Wefion and Convoy prevailed little. More Princes of the uni- on reconcile themfclves to the Emperor, The Imperial Proteftant Towns, StraibHTgh , Warms, and Norembergh, fubfcribe to conditions of Peace. The reconciled Princes and States intercede for the Ele<5ior Palatine, but in vain. , _ In £/72L?«^ the Parliament petition the King for the due execution of Laws againft Jefuites, Seminary Priefts, and Popilh Recufants. : On July lO. 1621. John Wiliiams D. D. and DennotWeJiminfier, was fworn Keeper of the Great Seal of England. Then the King was follicited from Sp4w and Rome, to enlarge his favours to PopifliRectt- fiOts, , ■-.,' The Houfe of Commons prefented to the King a petition and Ronon- ftrance, which laid open the diitempers of thofe times, with their Canfes and Cures. ♦ They Reprefented to Him, I. The VigiUncy and Ambition of the Pope of Rome, and his deareft bon, the one aiming at as large a Temporal Monarchy, as the ether at a Spiritual Monarchy. II. The devilij}} DoBrines whereon Popery is bnik, and taught mtb Authority to their felloviiers,,.fer, advancement ef their Temper d ends. ■!■.•■..-'* o * •'. -<.'t; v, ..III. 7 he rmferable ejiate of the prcfejfors tfnue Religioyi in fmreigft ;:.: parts. .■ IV. The dtfajirofff accidents to his Majefiie's children abroad, &c. V. The fir a?2ge confederacy of Popifli Princes, Sic. -v -.; VI. The interpofing of forreign Privcet (wd their Agents in thebAalf «f Fopifl] Recufants, Sec. '« ;., , V 1 1. Their ufual refort to the Houfes and Chappels efferreign Ant*. , . bajfadors.. i. , . r VIII. Their -mare than lifitalceiiicoitrfe to the City, and their frequent Conventicles and conferences there. - I X. The education of their Children infeveral Semirtaries and Heufes ef their Religion inferreign part^ appropriated te the Englijh fn- v.;- £itives>, ^ ,', .fit . . J i..' j-i .I-.i .._Ui i«;.i\. :■'* ; :.,-J "^fiiJvoii 7irr;/i Ci - ! lo (hsc^'JOB '>dj f:iq» X. The tl)e Cl)UUl) of Great Britain. 287 X. The licentiom Trinting anddifperfingof Pofifi} and Stditious Beeks, even m the time of Parliament. X I. The fwarms of. Prielh and jefuites dtfperfed in all parti of the- Kingdom. From thcfe Caules they offered to his Mafefty, what dangerous Effeds, theyforefaw, would follow. I. The Popijb Religion is incompatible with ours , in rtfpeSt of their pejitions. I I. ft draws with it an unavoidable dependancy onforreign Princes. III. If once it get but a connivency, it will prefs for a Toleration , 6fC. Then they propounded Remedies againft thefe^ fome whereof were,. That for fecHring the peace at home, his Maiefly would be pie afed to rc" view the parts of their petition formerly delivered to him, and to put . . . in execution^ by the eare of choice Commijfoners to be thereunto ap- ,1 pointed, the Laws already, and hereafter to be made, for preventing of dangers by Popijli Reeufantf. ' iShat th''. children of the Nobility, and Gentry, of this Kingdom, and of . . Qtherf, fufpeEled in their Religion, now beyond the Seas, may be forthwith called home. That the Children of Popijh Recujants, &c. be brought up during their -V ) minority whh Proteftanf Sc^oi'mafiers. ■^t'^hat his Majefty will bepleafed to revoke M former Licenfes for fueh C^nldren ti travel beyond the: Seas,, and Mot grant any fuch Licenfe hereafter, &c. ,: The Houfe had.fttffioieftt.'Cafileto ietfofriirtbefdanger of true Religi- on, when befides the great wGiMid made in- G'?)'»j(i?7y, and the cruelties of the prevailing Houfe of Anfiria, the Proceftants in France were al- njoftrPuincd by XfrnV the JKirceench; bciJig now befieged in Montau- ^^« by the King, andsin J?ock/ by Count Soifons, and the Duke of Giitfe. And fortbcir Relief the King of England prevailed nothingby kpAiX\gQi.S\x £dward.Herbert, fimce haxon^oi Chcrbury , and after hira the Vifcount Doncafler, Aiubaffador for Mediation. ; About this time a faidmiifoitune befel Geor.^e Abbot-, Lord Archbi- fliqp oi Canterbury, forihooting at a Deer with aCrofs-bow in Brains.- hil Park, belonging to the Lord Zonch; he cafually killed the Keeper. The King made choice of the Lor4 Keeper, the Bifhop. of London.,. VVin~ ton, Rochefier , St., -Davids , md Exeter , Sir Henry Hob an , Juftice ■JDtderidge, Sir Henry .Martinyind Dodor Stuart, to inform hira of the- 2 88 • Xl)c i^ifto;ip of the nature of this caufe, and ttie fcandal that might arife thereupon;. whether to an Irregularity, or ocherwife. However this confultarion was. managed, the Archbilhop was not deprived. In this bufinefs, Bi- fhop Andrervs proved the Archbifliop's great friend. The Archbi/hop gsve twenty pound a year to the man's Widow. He kept a monethly faft on a Tuefday, as the day whereon this cafualty befell. About this time young Menck. Cafanhon fet fort a. Book in defence of his deceafed Father, againft Herbert Rofwd a Jefuiie j and Andrew Schoppluf a notorious railer, fulins Ctfar Bulinger, and Andrvn Eudt- wom punnes. He thought it his duty to aflert his Father's memory, and to give a brief account of his life and converfation. Upon the remove of Rich^d Adilborn to Carlile , Dodor WillUm L-wd, Prelident of St. John's GoUedge in Oxford, was made Bifliop of Sr. Davia's. He founded in Oxford a Profcffor in the Arabick Tongue. This year died John ii.';>/^, Billiop of Londoyu He was fworn firft Chaplain to King Jamei , who commonly called him , The King of Freshers. And Sir £^ty;?r-ry, Biihop of St. Afaph. We will corclude this year with the death of Mr. Francis Mafen , who wrote that worthy Book, De Minijierio AngUcavo. Anno 1622. Multitudes of Priefts and Popiih Recufants thenimpri- Rufliw.Bia. fo"^''' were releafed, which the Spaniards profeffed to be a great de- Colleft. * monflration of the King's fincere affedion, to confirm the amity be- tween the Crowr>s. But a General otfence was taken at lids Indulgence to Papifts. The next year began with the end of that arrant Apo'iiata in this Land, Anno 1622. M. AinoniHs de Dorr.ir.is, Kichh\{ho^oi Sfalato, and his fair riddance ouccf it. He had fourteen years been Archbilliop of Sp' which was performed accordingly. '' I'he Spanifh Match was now the Difcourfe general, but at laft it brake off: Heaven forbidding the Banes f faith Mr. p«//£r) even at cbc third and laft asking thereof. King fames falls off, and for a condition of the Marriage, demands the Reftitution of the Palatinate. The Prince re- turns from Spain. Then was there a conference entertained between Dr. White, and Dt. Featly , Proteftants; Father Fifher, and Tuber White , Jefuites : Now hapnedthe fatal Vefpers 2X bLic\- friers m London, Vuhtx Drury a Jefuite, of excellent Morals, Preached there in a great upper-room, next to the Houfe of the French AmbafTador, where three hundred per- fonswere afTcmbled. HisText yl/<«tffe. 18. 32. O thou Hngratiem fer- vant, I forgave thee all the debt, becaufe thou defiredfi me , jhetildf} me Thou alfo have had cempajjion on thy fellow-fervant ? In application whereof he bitterly inveighed againft the Proteftants. About the middle of his Sermon, and the day declining, on a fudden the Floor fell down where they were afTembled 5 many were killed, more bruifed, all fright- ted. Ninety five perfons were flain, among whom Mr. Drury, Mr. Ro- ?- eoln. Preached the Sermon, taking for his Text, z Chron 9. 29, 30, and part of verf. 31. containing the happy Reign, quiet Death, andftate- ly Burial of King Solomor'. In this Sermon he made a parallel between two peaceable Princes, King 5o/owa« and King J^^-w^'^, adding, that Sc)/o- 7wo»'j vices could be no blemilh toKing^^ww, who refembled him.onely in htscboyceftvertues. Doftor Treflon ftill continued, and increafed in the favour of the- Kingj "and the Duke of Buckingham. Then a Book came forth j called ^/?f//« C<«/^)'i?w, «iade by Mr. yt/o««- tagite, xhenYtWosfi oi Eaton, upon this occafion. He had lately written ■ Satyrically enough againfl: the Fapifts, in coEfutation of The G agger of the Protejiants. Now two-Divines of iVanwcfo Diocefe, Mr. r<«fej, and' Mr. Ward, inform ^ againft- hrmior deferting ©ur Caufe, inltead of de- fending it. }Ar.. M-omtaijus in his own. Vindicacion writes a--fecond Book licenfedby Franci . Ax chat time a Schedule was.delivercd to the Duke whereia-the names K«(i?iV. Col^- of Eccleiiafiica.1 perfons were xtrticten, under, the letter^s of O:, and p,le(i.A/u\62$i^ O Handing for- Orthodox, and P. for Pitatans : for the Duke commanded ' that the names of emiivent perfons to be prefented unto theKing iliotild.. be thus digefted under that partitiont On Sunday fnne 11. Queen A/-!>-y landed at £'(7wr r Next dayj-hc King coming ftQm-Canterbnry, mer her at Dover, Thence his Majefty coDdufted the Queen to Cimterhmy, and. the fame Evening the Marriage '^ A / was there confummated. On June 16. theKing.and Qiieen came borh ^ ^ 10 London. A-Chappel at Sommerfet-houfe was built for the Qoecn a:.d . her Family, wich conveniences thereto adjoyning for Capuchm Frier?, , who were therein placed, and. had. permiilion to walk. abroad in their- Religiou5:habits.' ■.■•!'.;) .-jfi Tlien began a.Paf Haanent at London, whtrein the firft Statute agreed ^ upon was for the more Itrift'obfervaiion of the Lord's day. Sir Edward-: Cokj went to the Houfc of Peers with a meffage from^che Commons, , deiiring thek concurrence in a petiiion concerning. Religion, and . ag.iinU - Reciafants,. w-hich being agreed, to, and prefented.-to the King, hisMa— jelly aufwered, Tkit ht n^s glad., that tbs PuttliA/eeut . was.fo.for— 25^4 Xi)C !^l60?^ Ot Vfard in matters ef Religion, ar^d afured them, they (liould find him oi forward, Mr. B-ichardMrnntagHe was brought to the Bar of the Commons Houfe, for his Book fore- mentioned, which was Printed, and dedicated to King Charles. But the King refcued him from the Houfe of Commons, by taking Mr. Moustague' sbaiinefs into his own hand. The Plague increafing in London, the Parliament removed to Oxford, where Dodor Chalenor died of that infeftion. The Parliament to prevent the growth , joi Popery , prefemed a petition to his Majefiy , containing fixteen particulars , to which they received a fatisfadory acfwer from the King. Mr. MoufitagKes canfe tvas recommended to tht'Dvktoi Buckingham, by the Bi/hops of Rochefier, Oxford, and St. Davids, as the caufe of the Church of England. They affirm boldly, that they cannot con- ceive, what ufe there can be of Civil Government in the Common- wealth, or of external Miniftry in the Church, if fuch fatal Opinions as fome are, which are oppofite to thofe of Mr. Moitntague, be publick- ly taught and maintained. But other Learned men were of a different judgement. At Oxford in a late Divinity difputation held upon this Queftion, Whether a Regenerate man may fall away totally and finally from Grace ? The Opponent u ging the Appeal to Cafar, the Dcdor of the Chair handled the Appellator very roughly, faying. That he was a man that fiudied phrafes more than matter ; That he nnderfiood neither Articles nor Homilies, or at leaB- perverted both ; That he attributed, he knew not what vertite tothefign of the Crofs ; and concluded with an Admonition to the Juniors , That they fhould be veary of reading that and the liks Books. The King according to his late apfwer to the Parliatnent at Oxford, iffued out a Commiffion to the Judges, to fee the Law againft Recu- fants put in Execution. This was read in all the Courts of Judicature at Reading (where Michaelmas Tetmwzs kept) and a letter direded to ~; the Archbiflidp of Canterbury, to takefpecial care for the difcovery of Jefuites, Seminary Priefts, &c. within his Province. In this and the next year many Books from perfons of feveral abilities and profeffions, were written againft Mr. Mountague, by Dr. SutcUff Dean of Exeter-, Mr. Henry Burton j Mr. Totes, uMiniHet of Norfolk^, his Book he entitled, Ad C^farsm ibis. Dr. Carleton, Biftop of Chi^ ehefier- Ar.thonyWotton, Divinity-profeflbrin Gr^/fc^TW CoUedge, and Mr. Francis Rowfe , a Lay-man. His Majefty fenfiblc of his Subjeds great diftaft at Mr. Meuntague's Book, refolved to leave him to ftand or fall according to the juftnefs of his Caufe. The Duke imparted as much to the Bifhop of St. David's, who conceived it of fuch ominous con- cernment, that he entred the fame in his Diary, viz. Jfcem to fee 4 ekud ti)eCl)Urc!)OrGREAT Britain. 295 clmd arijt»£, and thnaining the Church of England, Godfor hit merey dif- Jfpate it. ThcKingifTaed forthaProdanjarfoB, Whtreby he commanded the rc' turn, Vfithin limited time, of all fnch Children of Noble-men, and other his naiurd Stibjefis, Who vftre now Weeding up in Scheeli and Seminaries, and other Houfessf the Popijh Religion beyond the Seas. That their Pa- rents, Tutors, and Governors, take prefent order to reed them home, and to frovidej that they reinrn by the day prefixt, at the utmefi feverity of his Majeftie's fttfiice. He co>}fm'amed further. That no Bifliof, Prieff-, or | any other per/on, having taken Orders under any jiatharity derived front the See ef Rome, do prefume to confer EcelefiaJUcal Orders, or exercife Eccleftaftieal FunBion, or JurifdiBion toward any of hit Natural Subr 'feat , in any of his Dominioni, &c. On Candlemas-day King Charles was Crowned, Bifljop Laud had the chief hand in compiling the fdrta of the Coronation, and had the- honour to perform this Soletanity, infteadof the late Lord Keeper Pr»7- liams, who (through the King's disfavour ) was fequeftred from this lervice, which belonged to his place, as he was Dean of PFf/??»»w/?fr. Dr. 5wfo«/f , Bifliop of Car lite. Preached at the Coronation. The- Coronation Oath was tendred to'the King by the Archbiftiop of Canter- bury. The Ceremonies- of the Coronation being ended, the Regalia. wbre offered at the Altar by Bfffiojpi Land, in the King's Nanie, arid then repofifed. Y .' ' , Bifliop Williams hikn into difgr'acfe, by the difpleafiire of the Duke o( Bucktijgham, befought his Majefty , That he would mitigate the Doke';; caufelefs anger towards hirti; and that in hi? abfenec in the Par- liament, no ufe might be made of his Majeftie's ^acred Name, to ^Vound eh'e Reputation of a poor Bilhop, d^c'^ ■■' • "-^; '-'■- • w\, > _ .i- >_ // ./. ;bn Monday, February the fixtb, be^tt^fte'fe&bft'd' I'aVliarrito''^^^^^^ *King's Reign. The H9:nfe of Commons began where 'they left at Ox- ford, with matters of Religion and publick grievances. They mad^ ftrift enquiry into what abufes had bceti of the King's grace, fince that time, and who were the Authors and Abbettors thereof- for they had; been informed of rtiany Pardons and Reprieves to Priefts and Jefuites, An AA wastendied againft fcandalous Minifters. It was moved, that fome provifion' migh'c be made agairtft fcartdalous Living?, as Well as- againft fcandalous Miilifters. A Committee was named conceirnirig Religion, and the Growth of Popery, and Mr. Mountague's [^^ipp^^/roCaefarQ was again brought m qiieftioa, This Book the Common? referred »o the Committee, for . Religion, the contents whereof N^'.ere reported from Mr. Pym to the HoufCj and. the Houfe paffed their ' Votes thereupon j That- Mr. Moun- tagu«-. tzgns endeavoHred to rfcotfti/^ England fo Rome, and to alienate the Kingsajfe^ions fron his well ajfeEted SubjeBs. Divers Articles were exhibited by the Commons againil Mr. Meumague, They prayed^ Tha: thefaidMr. il/(7««f^«e .might. be punilhed according to his De- merits, and chat the B>ok;afore|aid might be fuppreffed and burut. Many refortingtohear,Mafs at Durham houfe, in the Lodgings of a l^orreign Ambaflidor, the BifLop of Durham was required to appre- hend fuch of the King"s Subjeds as lliould be prefenc at the Mafs, and to commit them to prifon. There was alfo a Letter fent from the At torney General, to the Judges of the circuits^ to direft their proceed- ings aga;nft Rccufants.. y^.,. .'.v^,,,. F«//fr.Chnrch ]^^^'^'^g t^^c /itting of this Parliament, ac the procprement of Robert Hift.W1.1626. S'ich, Earlof Warvfich,^ a conference was kept in Tork^hoHfe, before the Duke of ^wfe«>fgk?w. and other Lords, betwixt 'Dt.BHckp-idge Biftop of Rochefter, and Dr. White Dean of Carlile, on the one (ide ; and ' Dr. 7l Surrey^i^w'-pxiy him to take care in expediting that fervice. ,!Uponfeakhf6ur"feyeraI Priefls were found in the Clink,, fiz.- Prejfon, C.indon^ }V^/;imji':,. Prator. Preflon was committed to the ..uijj , . Clinks ti)eCl)UVCij of Great Britain. 297 C/««)^ about fixteen years fince, and difcharged of his imprifonment about feven years ago, yet remained there in the Prifon ftilJ, attended with two Women ferv ants, and one Man fervant, who as it was fufpeft- ' , ed, had continued with him ever fince the Gunpowder-Treafon. ^nno „^,^ ^ ,, 1605. He kept there by himfelf apart from the Keeper of the prifon, J„„^i626^'^' and had for his lodging part of the Bifhop of Winchefter't houfe , into which there was a paflage made through the prifon-yard. There were found in his Chamber five or fix Cart-loads of Books fet up with flielres, as in a Library, or Book-feller's ftiop, fuppofed cobe worth two thou- fand pounds at leaft : befides which it was affirmed by the Keeper of the •prifon, that he had a greater Library abroad. There were alfo found two Altars ready furniflied for Mafs •, one more publick in an upper Chamber, the other more private, in a Study, many rich Copes. Sur- ^ces. Wax-candles, Crofies, Crucifixes very rich , Beads , Jewels, Ghaines, Chalices of Silver and of Gold ; five or fix bags of money which were not opened , and loofe money to the quantity of an hundred pound thrown up and down in his Desk; abundance of Manufcripts, and a pacquet of Letters bound up together with a thread. In Candon's Chamber was found an Altar ready furniftied "with many Plates, Jewels, rich Pidures and Manufcripts, Wax-candles, d-c. with many Books in a Srudy. In another Study of his many curious Tools and Engines, three Rapiers, one Piftol , and a Fowling piece, the pidures of Queen Elizabeth, King James , Queen Anne , and King Charles. He had alfo in his culTody all the Keeper's Warrants for committing of his prifoners, which were found in his Chamber, to- gether with fame ftore of Plate, which he faid he kept for the Keeper's^ wife. inWarringtens Chamber were found Books, Beads, Boxes of Oyl for extreme Unftion, &c. But the wall thereof was broken down into another houfe adjoyning to the Prifon, through which it is conceived the reft oiWarri-agton's ftuffe was convaied away in the Interim of the fearch made in the two former Chambers. Prrfforwasfirfl committed to G/cc^'/fr Gaol, but a Warrant was pro- cured by the Papifts for his remove to the Clink., where he was found a prifoner. But a countermand was brought from the Archbilhop, and Mr. Atturney, whereby the proceeding of that bufinefs was ftaid, and the Marflial prohibited to remove, or take any thing, fo much as a pa- per. The Keeper and his Wife, and the Priefts did giievoufly threa- ten the Marlhali and all his Afliftanrs, with very high terras, efpeciJly wi.h Arreftsandlmprifonmentsfor this aftion. The Maifliall alfo informed the Cotnmiitee , ihat upon the twenty fecond of March lad, by alike Warrant from the Loid Conway, he fearchcd the Bifiiop's prifon,- called the New prrfa?: in Afaidcn-Une in Qjl Lovden , %i)t mftmv oi London, where he foqnd fix feveial Pricfts in feveral Chambers, sn Altar with all furniture thereto belonging, ere. as much as three Porters could carry away, it being in the hands of the Lord Con- way, TheHoufeof Commons agreed upon a petition to his Ma jcfty con- cerning Recufants, That he would give order to remove from all places of Authority and Government, all fuch perfons, as are either Popifh Re- cufants , or j'uftly to be fufpeded. Here they named many Lords, Knights,and Efquires, in divers Counties oi Engknd. But this Parlia- ment was foon after diffolved. A general Faft was obferved , July 5. in the Cities of London and Weftminfter, and places adjacent, and on the fecond oi AngHsi, through- out the Kingdom, to implore a bleding upon the endeavours of the State, and the diverting of thofe judgments which the fins of the Land deferved and threatned. Divers Lords of the Council were appointed to repair into their feve- ral Countries, forrhe advancement of a Loan to the King. This bufi- nefs occafioned a complaint to the Lords of the Council againft the Bi- lliop oi Lincoln, for publickly fpeaking words concerning it, which was conceived to be againft the King and Government. Whereupon Sir yofc/z La»fb,mid Dr. Stkhorp, informed the Council to this pur- pofe. That many were grieved to fee the Bidiop of Lincoln give place to unconformable Miniflers, when he turned his back to thofe that were conformable, and how the Puritans ruled all with him^ ^c. The In- formations given againft the Bifhop o( Lincoln hdng tranfoiitted to the Councii-Table, were ordered to be fealed up, and committed to the cultodyof Mr. Trtifjbal, one of the Clerks of the Council : neverthelefi the Billiop of Lincoln got a copy of them. Dr. Sibihorp publilhed a Sermon in Print, Px-eiched by him atA/i^r- tka-^Kpt-on , Fc'bfu.iry 22. 1626. at Lent Affizes , entitled, Afoflolick^ Obedience, This Book was Licenfed by the Bifhop of Zew^ow, who^p- proved thereof. It was dedicated to the King; it was brought forth upon his Majefties Comoiiffion for raifing of moneys by way of Loan. Dr. Roger M'.nwaring promoted the fame bufinefs in two Sermons Preached before the King and Court at Whitehall. The Papifts at this time were very liberal on this occafion, that it was then faid. That in jhe point of Allegiance then in hand, the Papifti were exceeding Ortho- dox, and the Puiians were the onely Recufants. 1627. Archbifliop jibbot having been long flighted at Court, now fell under the King's high difpleafuie, for refufing co Licenfe Dr. Sib- ?^orpV Seimonforetnentioned, and not long after \va 3 fufpended from his OiSce and confined to his Houfe at Ford in Kent, and a Commifiion was granted to the Biiliops of Z/Wo;?, Dnrh am ^ Roche fier, Oxford, and ' " Dr. tl)eCi)tttCl) of Great Britain. 299 Dodor Land Bifliop of Kith and Wells, to execute Archiepifcopal Ju- rifdidion. The occafion of this ComtniHion was not difcovered otherwife than by what was expreffed in the Commiffion it feJf, wz,. ; That the [aid u4rchbiJljop could net at that frefent in his oVfn pr- fon attend thofe fervices , which were otherwife proper for his cogni- fance and jurifdiEiion \' and which as Archbijhop ef Canterbury he. might and ought in his own Perfon have performed and Exe- cHted. The Archbi/hop for a memorial of thefe proceedings left to pofterity a Narrative penned with his own band. The City <^ London was fiJIed with the report of his Confining , and divers men fpake di verily of k. The Pap ifts in Ireland proffer to pay five thoufand men, if they jjnight but enjoy a toleration. But that motion was crufhed by Bifliop Downham's Sex axon in Dublin, on Lukg i. 74. After thiS;, the King being refolved upon the calling of a Parliament, Archbi/hop Abbot, the Earl of Brijiol, and the Bilhop of Lincoln, nor- withftanding the cloud they are under, are had in confideration by the King and Council, and Writs are Ordered to be fent unto them to hi in theHoufe as Peers in the enfuing Parliament. A little before the Parliament affembled, a Society of Recufants was taken in Clarkenwel. Divers of them were found to be Jefuites, and the houfe wherein they were taken was defigned to be a Colledgc of that Order. Among their Papers was found a Copy of a Letter written to ^"^'^K{hw. their Father Rcftor ar Bruxels difcovering their dcfigns upon this '-j''^^^' '^'^ State, and their judgement of the temper thereof, with a conjcdure of "'"" ' ^''' the fuccefs of the enfuing Parliament. "^k.^ A Parliament afTembleth yl/ hearing to break his Royal Commands. Here the Archbifhop of TerJ^ aggravated the offence from many other Circumftances. His Reply was^' 3.0.2 '' %i)t ^i^mv of was onely tins , That he. never unclerIl:ood that bis Majcfly bad for- bid a handling of any Dodrinecomprifcd in the Articles of our Cburdtp but onely railing of new queftions, or adding of new ienfe therfunto,. which he bad not done, nor ever fliould do. ;Anmi6iO. died ThowM Dove, Bithop of FeterhoroHgh. The No n- conformifts complained of his feverity in afferting Ecclefiafticai difcipline. He was an aged man, being tiie onely Queeii Elizaketli's B'lihop thu died ilxthe-R^ign of K'wgChaT^es.' ■ y-M-i'i:ii.i\:.i!ST>dino ndlir.Chwch y.2nno 163 1. began great difconfents-td gr9w'in;rfie'Univerruy of Oat- Hiu.^'«.i63i.y-^^^^ Many conceived that Innovations ( defended by others for Reno- vations, and now onely reduced as ufed in the primitive tiraesj were multiplied in Divine Service. Whereat offendedjthey, in tbeir Sermons, brake forth into (what was interpreted j bitter invedives. Dr. SwzVi^ Warden of \N ndham-colledge conventcd Mr Thorn pi Baltol-colltd^e, and Mr. Ford of A'fagdalen hall, as offenders againfi: the King's Iiiflrudions, and ordered them to bring in the Copies of their Sermons. Bilhop Land procured the caufe to be heard before the King at. Woodfiock^-, and 1. The Preachers complained of were expeJledthe Univerfity. 2. The Frodors were deprived of their place for accepting their Appeal, 3. Dr. Prideaiix sind Dr W«7i^';7/o« were flirewdly checked for engaging in their behalf. The expulfion of thefe Preachers encreafed the Differ- ences in Oxford. This year died that eminent Preacher Mi. Arthur HUderfam. After he had cntred into his Miniftry, he met with many troubles. He was fijenced by the High Commiffion in J me Anno 1590. and reftored by the High Commiffion in January 1591. He was filenced by Bi/liop Chaderton. April 2^. 1605. reftored by Bifhop, ^^jrW in /^jwa^ry 1608. Silenced by Bifliop Neile in November 161 1. reftored by Dr. Ridley futte 20. 1625. Silenced by the Court at iew/fr J/ro and con. One controverfie was about the Holy- nefs of our Churches. Another about Adoration towards the Altar. A Controverfie was alfo ftarted about the pofture of the Lord's Boord, Communion-table, or Altar. This laft controverfie was profecuted with much ncedlefs animofity. Indeed if moderate men bad had the managing of thefe matters, the accomnsodation had been eafie. In JHne Knno 1636. Mr. Prynne, Dr.Bafirvick., and Mv.Bitrtony were fentenced in the I4igh-cominiifion-coart. Some three years fince Mr. Pyrnne fet forth a Book, called Hifirio-maftrix , for which he was cenfured to lofe his ears on the Pillory, and for a long-time (after two removals to the fleet ) Imprifoned in the Tower : whence he dJIperfed New Pamphlets, againft the eftablilhed Difcipline of the Church oi Eng- land, for which he was indited in the Star-chamber. Dr. John Bafiwick, fer forth a Book, Entitled Flagellum Pontificif, & Efifcoporum latialium, in a fluent Latine Style. He was accufed in the High-commifHon, committed to the Gatc-houfe, where he wrote a fecond Book, taxing the injuftice of the proceedings of theHigh-com- miffion,for which he was indited in the Star-chamber. Mr. Burton Preached a Sermon on the laft tifth of November. On Prov. 24. 21. My [on, fear thou the Lord and the King, and meddle mt with them that are fubjeB te change. This Sermon was afterwards Printed, charging the Prelats for Introducing feveral Innovations in Divine Worlhip, for which as a Libel, he was indited in the Star- chamber. Mr. P^ynne'i Plea is rejcded, and his anfwer refufed j fo is Dr. Baftwichis : and Mr. Burton's is caft out for imperfeA. The Cen- fure of the Court was, that they fliould lofe their ears in the Palace- - - - ^^^^ 4™^= „^„ tl)e CUtttCl) of Great Britain. |q$ _^ yard at Weftminfter, fining them alfo five thoufand pounds a man to hisMajefty, and perpetual Imprifonment in three remote places. The Lord Finch added to Mt.Pryme's Cenfure, that he fliould be branded in each Cheek with S.L. for a flanderous Libeller, to which the whole Court agreed. Two days after, three Pillories were fet up ia Palace-yard ; or one double one, and a fingle one at forae diftafice, for Mr. Prynue, as the chief offender. Mr. B«rfo« firft fuffered, making a longfpcech in the Pitiory, not entire; but interrupted with occafional expreflions ; His ears were cut fo dofe, that the Head-artery being cut, the blood abundantly itreamed down upon the Scaffold, at which he did not f]]rink at all Dr. Baftwick. fucceeded him.- His friends highly commended the cref^ion of his mind over pain and fliame. Others conceived , that anger in him aded the part oi patience, as to the flout undergoing of his fufferings. The Cenfure was with all rigour executed on Mr. trynne, commended more for his kindly patience than either of his PredecefTors in that •place. Not long after they were removed, Mr. Prynne to Carnayvm- eaftle in Wales -^ Dr.Bafimck. and Mr.Burton, the one to La)ica{ler- «i^ cafile ; the other to Lancefion in Cornwal. The two latter again were removed,one to the Ifle of Scilly -, the other to the Ifle of Gernezey, and Mr. Prynne to TiAount-orguile-caftle in Jerfey. Next came the Bifhop of Lincoln to be Cenfured in the Star-chamber. 'After the great Seal feme ten years fince taken from him, he retired 3^,^''^)°'* himfclf to Bttgden in Huntington- fliire, where he lived very hofpita- cenfured. biy, and had great concourfe. Among others, Sir fohn Lamb, Dean of the Arches, formerly a favourite of the Bifliop of Lincoln ( fetcht off from being profccutcd in Parliament, and Knighted by his means j with Dr. Sihthorp, Allen and Burden, two Proftors, came to vifit him : and bein^ at dinner with hirn there was much difcourfe about Non- conformifts. The Billiop knowing thefe to be bufie men in the profe- cution of fuch, advifed them to take off their heavy hand from them, informing them, that the King intended to ufe them hereafter with more mildnefs ^c. adding that He had communicated this unto him by his own mouth. A few years after Sir "^ohn Lamb upon fomc difference with the Bi- fliop, informed againft him for revealing the King's fecrets ^ where- upon an Information was put in againft him in the Star-chamber, unto which Bifhop 'Williams by good advice of Counfel did plead and de- murre, as containing no matter fit for the Cognifance of that Court, as concerning words fpoken of matters done in Parliament, and fecrets pre- tended to be revealed by him, a Privy-counfelioiir, and Peer of P.irlia- ment, and therefore not to be heard but in that high Court. The ' Demurrer being rendred ufelefs in the BiHiop's Defence, he put in a ^ R r IVrong 3 o/o« acquitted ^ andat.a third Seffions it is returned upon P?-/^/>»_ again This laft Order of Seffions was again diffolved as illegal, by the Judges of the King's Bench , and Prigion cleared from the Child charged on him; in the doing whereof it was faid, that Pavfel and Owen, two Agents of the Bilhops, did menace, and tatoper, with the ■^iVitnefTes. " Hence-forward Kilvert letfall his firft infortriation in the Stai^-cftarnber, and employed all his power on the proof of Subornatforj, an'd therein hefucceeded. The Bifhop was fined eight thoufar.d pounds, andathou- fand marks to Sit John Munfon, with Safpenjion ah Officio, ©- Bemficio, and to be imprifoned during ihe Kings pleafure. All bis Preferments in the Church were fequeftred to the ufe of the King • and- the Archbilhop of Canterbury, as Archbilhop of the Province, exercifed all kind of Ec- clefiaftical Jurifdidion throughout the Diocefs of Lincoln, not only as an Ordinary of that Diocefs, but as Vifitor of aU thofe CoUedges, which had any dependance on that See. At the fame time were fined, with the Biftop, George Wdker, his Secretary, CadwalladerPaml, his Steward, at three hundred pounds a piece, and Thoma.5 Lund, the Bifhop's Ser- vant, at a thoufand marks, all as Defendants in the fame Caufe 5 yet none of them was imprifoned, fave Lund for afew weeks, and their fine aever called upon to this day. About four years after, -viz.. 1640. when this Bi/hop was fetcht one of the Tower, and reftored a Peer in Parliament he therein prefented feveral grievances, concerning the profecution of this Caufe againft him. And the Parliament ordered all. the Records of that Suit in the Star-cham- ker to be obliterated. Sir K«kBtf-/ ^^- ^^^ y^^r 1616. King 'fumes had obtafned an Ad of the General 4f><.tGhroD. S^erably ^t Akerdeeny^.iot tht compiling a Liturgy, which was to be - " ^ firil. > t!)e CDurclj of Great Britain. 50;' firfl: prefented to the King, and, after his approbation, univerfally re- ceived throughout the Kingdom. This Book was framed, and lent up to the King, who himielf perufed, revifed it, referring it- alfo to the confideracion of others, in whom he much confided. And after his own and their Obfervation, Additions, Expundions, Mutations, c^c. he returned it to Scotland, to be commended to that Church : but before a period was put to that bufinefs;, the King died. King Ch.trlef underftanding his Father's intention, in compofing a Li- turgy for the Church of 5cof/<««^, ordereth the Archbifliop ol Canter- ^"37* iary, the Bifhop of Ely, together with divers other Bifhops of both Nations, torevifeandcorreft ( as they fliould think meet ) the Liturgy complied in his Father's life-time (which very little differeth from that of England) ordereth it tobcfent to the Council in Scotland^ to be madenfe of there. On yWj/ twenty three, 1637. a, the Dean oi Edenboroughhcgin to read the Book in^St. Giles his Church, a fudden uproar began by the ^^^j^^^.f „ j women, and bafer fort of people. The Biihop appointed to preach, of the Life goes into the Pulpit, hoping to convince them of their irreverent carri- and Reign of age which nothing prevailed J for they were the more infolent, fling, ^'"g ckxHis. ing ftools, (tones, and whatever elfe came next to hand, at him, fo that he hardly efcaped with life. Divers other Churches were infefted with the like fury : but by the Induftry of the Archbifliop of St. An- drews, Lord Chancellor, and other Magiftrates, the tumult was appea- fed, feme were afterwards apprehended,and endeavours made to find oat the firft beginner. But not long after, a great concourfe of people, from all parts of that Kingdom, came to f^tw^orowg^/?, which occafioned the Lords of the Council to put forth feveral Proclamations to prevent the like diforders, but they nothing prevailed. For, the next day, the Bifliop of Galloway, going to the Council ,was followed by a great multitude reviling him un- til he came to the Council-door, where he was no fooner entred, but they befet the Houfe with very great numbers, threatening deftrudion to all that were within. The Council require aid of the Provoft, and " other Magiftrates of the City, who return anfwer, that they were in the like danger. The tumult flill increafing, they of the City were forced, for the fafeguard of their own lives, to fubfcribe as followetb. 1. To jeytJ in oppojition tothe Service-btok^, and to petition againfi it. 2. Torpj^orf Ramfey ;««^ Roflock, two filenced Minifiers. 3. To receive in Mr. Wcudsiion, formerly fienced. Which being figned, the Council thought was a good flep to fup- prefs the tumult. But entring into the High-ftreet, the Lord "Treafurer, and other Lords, wer« frcfh affaulted , trodden under'foot, and R r 2 " brought ^o8 %\^t rn^oiv Ot brought back by violence to the Council-houfe j where being in grcac danger, they require aid of divers Noble-men, difaffcfted to the Com- mon-prayer-book, who proroifcd what aid they poffibly could', and in the end returned home fafe. In the afternoon ProLlamaiion was made at the Crofs at £^f«^arc»<7^^ - to prevent the like diforders, buctofmall effeft : fome Citizens demand- ing the Reftitution of the Miniflers, and the performance of what wa« fubfcribed. Suddenly two Petitions were prefenred againft the Common-prayer- book, and the Compofers and Abettors of it -, which Petitions were LiTvb. Wood, fent to the King (with the narrative of the whole) who immediately Hiftory King f^^^ inftruAions for adjourning the Term to Sterling, a ftrong place, '^''''^'* and to make Proclamation of fevere penalties to be inflifted on ths breakers of the peace, which was^ no fooner proclaimed, but the Lord ^ Hume, X>ff<^^, and divers others, proteft againit it, and in contempt. ,/ of Authorhy compelTd theHerauldsto hear the Proteft, or Covenant read. Thefc troublefome beginnings-, did afterward occziion the fokmn Liague and Covenant, whereby the greateft part of the Nation united theinfelves to defend their Priviledges, as was pretended, and which laid the foundation of a long and woful Warin both Kingdoms. TheyereAed anew Government among themfelves, which confided H:ylin on the of four Tables for the four Orders of the State, viz.. the Noblemen, life of Arch- Barons, Burgeffes,. and Mintfters, Thefe fixed themfelves in Edenbs* Isthop Land, rougbi. leaving the Lords of Council and SelTi on to make merry at Ster^ p.rt.a,. j^g^ where they had little elfe to do than to follow their pleafuresv- The Tables being formed, they refolved upon renewing the ancient Gonfeffion of that Kirk:, with a Band thereunto fubjoyned, but accom- modated to the prefent occafion, which had beenligned by King fames- onjaiHiry 28. Anno 1580. And by this Band they entred Covenant for maintenance of their Religion then profeffed, and his jMajefiy's per- fon •, but aiming at the contrary. And to rhis Covenant they required an Oath of all the Subjeds, which was as great antlfurpation of th& Regalpower, as they could take upon themfelves, for confirming their, own. authority., and the peoples obedience, m anyprojeft whaifoever;. which Ihould afterwards iffue from thofe Tables. Return we now to England, where we ftiall find things in a better ccndifionyat leafl to outward appearance. Andiiow the,Metroppi::-cal fification having been , carried into all parts of the Realm of Ev.glcnd, and, Deminion of Wales, the Archbifliop of CanterbH/y began to caft bis eye Hpon tb° Ilands of Gitirnfey and Jerfey, twolllands lying on the Coaft oivNor/x.afidy, tothc Dukedom whereof they once belonged* and inthe Right of that Dukedom to the Crown of England.- As parts of Nor- WfZi?4y they were fubjeftjn Ecclefiaflicai maitets to theJBiihops of Can' fiante. \ ti)e CI)ttrCl) of Great Britain. pp ftattce mtbstDaktdom, and fo continued till the Reformation of Religi- Heylin's Hift. on here in England, and were then added to the Diocefs and JurifdiAion °^ Arcbifhop of thcBirtiops of Wincheiter. ^f^^ ^^ But the Genevian Difcipline being more agreeable to fuch Preachers *' ^ as came to them from France, they obtained the cxercifc thereof in the eighth year of Queen Elizabeth, Anno 1565. The whole Goverment diftinguiflied into two CUffes, both meeting in a Synod every fecond or ^^ third year, according to the order of their Book of Difcipline (digeft- ed by Snoij^e and Canvrright ) in a Synod held at Guernfey, 'jme %%i- In this manner they continued till King ^ames his time, when the Churches in the Ifle of '^er^ey^ fallingintofomediforder, and being un- der an- immediate Governor, who was no great friend to Calvifis Plat-- form, they. were neceffitated, for avoiding a great mifchief,; to cali them-- felves into the Arms of the Church of England. The principal Ecclefialtical Officer, whilft they were under the Bifliops of Conjiance, had the Title of Dean, for each Ifland one ; the feveral powers, both of the Chancellor and Archdeacon, being united- in his Pcrfoff. - This Office is reftored again, his Jupifdicftion marked bur^ his Fees = appointed, his Revenue fetled; but made accountable for his Admini- ftration to the Bifliop's-of Wincnefier. The Engiifli Liturgy is tranflated alfo into French, to be i-ead in their Churches : Inftruftions firft, and afterwards a Body of Canons framed^ for regulating both Miniftcrs and people in their feveral duries. Now it was refolved, that the Metropolitical vifitation fliould beheld in each of them at the next opening of the Spring.. Andthe Arehbifhop - had deligned a Perfon for his principal Vifitor, who had fpent fome time in either Ifland, and was well acquainted with the Bailiffs, Mini.lers, and ^ Men of fpecial note among them. But tlie Affairs of 5cof/ lings, and tranfport their Trades. Among the firft which feparated upon this account, were Goodvcyn;. "Hye, Burroughs , Bridge, and Symfon, who taking fome of their fol- lowers with them, betook themfelves unto Holland. Goodvoyn and Nye retired to Amheim, a.- Town -of Gtlder land; Symfon and Bridge Rxcda-t Romrdam: where Burroughs phced himfelf I am yet to feek. Thefe men embraced 'Robinfon% moddel of Church-government in their Con- gregations, confifting of a co-ordination of feveral Churches for their mutual comfort, not a fubordination of one to theother inthe way of V'' diredion or command. Hence came that name of /waf^pw^/rar/, continu- ^ j ed unto thofe among us, who neither affociate themfelves with the Pre:- byterians, nor embrace the frenzies of the Anabaptifts Bat Rot: erda-n grew too narrow a place for Bridge and Symfon, and Symfon was forced to leave it, and Ward, who fucceeded him, tarried not long. More unity there was at Arnheim. But the Brethren of the Separation in £«^/^««/, defiring elbow-room^ caft their eye chiefly on Nexv-England, a Countrey firft difcovered, to any purpofe, by C^iptst'tn G of mid, Amo 1602. and in the next year fur- -^J^' veyed more perfedly by fonie of Brifiol •, afterwards granted by King fames. Anno 1606. unto a Corporation of Knights, Gentlemen, and Merchants, to be planted and difpofed of fot the Publiek, under the ds- redion of Chief Juftice Popham, by whom a Colony was fent thither in the year next following, at what time they built St. George's Fort to-, -fecure their Hayert. It never fetled into form till the building of New- Flinmeuth, Anno\6ZQ. NeW'Briftol, New-Bofigfi^ iad.Nexv-Barnfta- bk, being t|^uicklyaddedto theother. 112 %\yt^iaoivof VI Lull lib. 3. De Laet, a good Chorographer, informeth as, in his Defcripcion of cj. 8. America., that thefirft Planters, and chofe which followed after them, were altogether of that Seft, which in England were called Brownifis, many of which had formerly betaken themTelves to Holland, but after- wards departed thence to joyn with their Brethren in New-England. In this eftate they flood, Annoi6n. when fohn de Last give that cha--" rarfler of them. Wharfocver were the caufes of their reparation, Doftor ^^y/m faith, the crime was laid on the Archbilhop of. Canterbury : and among the Articles of his Impeachment by the Houfe of Commons, we find this for one, viz. Thatinhi^ ovfnferfon, and his Suffragans, Vifiiars, Chan- . cellars, &c. he had canfed divers learned, fiotu, and orthodox Preachers of Gods Word to be filenced, fujpf ended, deprived, extommttnicated, or ether- wife grieved, andvexed without any jujicanfe, &c. and canfed divers of his Ma'iefiies Snb;eBs to forfake the Kingdom. Hereupon ( faith Doftor Heylin ) foisthe judge cobe accufed forall thofe mifchiefs, which the condemned Malefaftors, when they once break prifon, may defign, and execute. And ( faith my Author further j the principal Bell-weathers , of thefe Flocks were Cotton, Chauncy , Wells, Hooker, and perhaps Hngh Peters. Ic was once under confultsction to fend a Bi/hop over to tbcm, for thdf better government, and back him withfome Forces to compel, if he he were not otherwife able to perfwade, obedience. But this defign was ftrangled in the firft conceptfion, by the violent breakings out of the Troubles in Scotland, where the Covenanters now / began to raife Arms, levy Souldiers, invite home their Commanders ' ' abroad, impofe Taxes upon the people, feize fomc of the King's Caftles, raife Fortifications, prepare for a War, and chofe old David Lejley for their General. Sdttnderf»ii of To pacifie thefe diftempers, Hamilton is deflgned for the King's High- mc Reign of Commiffioner into ScotUnd. The Bilhops, and others, advifed the King King chirlis. (^ j,jyg delegated the Marquiis of Huntley for his High-Commiffioner, to manage the Affairs of Scotland. Hamilton trifleth away the time from y«/y 32. 1637. until "June 6. 1638. with Declarations, Proclamati- ons, Meffages, Letters, while the Scots raifed Officers, Arms, Ammu- nition from abroad ; four months more in vain Difputes, and three Jour> neys to the King, and back again, with the expence of fo much money as might have reduced them by reward, or power. On May 2.6. hefets forward for Scotland, and coming to Edenhoreugh, puts himfelf into Holy-Rood-houfe, where the firft thing he did was, the waving of his at- tendance at the reading of the Englifh Liturgy. Then he publiftied the King's gratious Proclamation for the nulling of Service-book and High- Commiflion, promifing an Aflembly to be held at Glafcovr, Novem- ber zi. 1638. znd iPniVumcntn EdenboroHgh, May 1$, 1619. But nothing fatisfied. But tl)e Ct)ttrCl) of Great BritajnT^^ 31^ But before the Affembly at Glafcow wasindided, the Covenanters had fo laid the plot, that none but thofe of their own party fhould have fuf- frage in it, not fuffering the Archbifliops and Bifhops to fit as Moderators in their Presbyteries, where the Eledions were to pafs -, and citing them to appear as Criminal perfons at the faid Affembly. The Archbifliops, and Bifliops, in the name of themfelves and of all their Adherents, prepared their declinator, or proteftation againft the faid General Jljfem- bly, and all the Ads and Conclufions of it, as being void and null in Law to all intents and purpofes whatfoevcr : The day being eoine, Ha- milton marcheth to the place appointed for the Seffion, in the equipage of an High-Commiflioner , the Sword and Seal being carried before him, '&c. The reading of his Comraiflion, the putting in and rejed- ingof ihs declinator, thechufingof Henderfon to be Moderator of the Affembly , the conftituting of the Members of it ^ and fome debates touching Votes and Suffrages, challenged by H «.» ClJUrcil of Great BaiTAm'. 515 Fourthly , That all the entertainers of the excom/nunicated Bifhops Jlwuld be orderly proceeded again ft with Excomrmnication, conform to the A^s (indCo?iftitiitionsof thiil^nk. They continued their Meetings, and Confultations, as before they did, maintained their Fortifications at Leith, the Port-town to Edenhorough, and kept their Officers and Commanders in continual pay. His Majefty hereupon ferit for fome of the Chiefs of them to come unto hira to Ber- wick^, but was refufed in his Commands, The Earls of Kinnoul, and Traquair, Chief ] udice Elph in ^t on, and Sir fames Hamilton, all Privy Counfellors, were pulled violently out of their Coach, on a fufpition thst fome Bifhops were difguifed among them j that the K.ing might have fome caufe to fufped, that there could be no fafety for him in fuch a place, and among people fo enraged, notwithftanding his great clemen- cy toward them in the pacification- In this condition of Affairs his Majefty returned towird London in the jj;yiin\ Hip., end of ^'w/y 1639. leaving the Scots to play their own game as they lift- ofArchbini. ed ; having firft nominated Traqnair, as his High-Commiffioner/ for ^'"'■''' P'^'f. 2- ma'naging both the AffeEHbly and the following Parliament. •'In the firft meeting of the two, theya--i)^i', to ftop the proceedings of the Co«rr-C/jr;/?w;;, and fpeciaUy of the High- Com. / C&mraifiion, and fn the next ^hcetsdeny the Authority of the Com- mifliort it felt, as before Was noted. Hereupon the Archbi/hop infarms bis MajeRy both of the Man and of his de(ign, how far he had gone in juftifyjiig the proceedings of the Scotti/h Covenanters, in decrying the remporal power of Church-men, and the undoubted right of Bifhops to tiieir piace in Parliament : his Ma-jelty hereupon gives order to Finch the itew Lord Keeper, to inrerdift all furtticr Reading <>n thofe paints. Here- upon it was foon found, that nothing could be done therein without leave from the King, and fiofuch leave to be obtained without the confentof the Archbifiiop. To Lurhbeth therefore goes the Reader , where he found no admittance till the thi^rd Addrefs, and was then told, That he' Wrii falhn Hfon a Sab'jetl tidther fafe nor fefifanable , which (hdnld Jiifk- chfer^tohirathinhe'Vfdsaiva-r^'vf^ ^hiXQM^on Bagjhciva halleneth out of Tov/n.' , ■■■ - ■ ■ '.' " ' ■ '■ -. '. ' ■. ■ '• '• ' gho t view of The ."Parliament came together on April i'j-. 1640'. irifiead oif afting " the life and ^ny thing tor his Majellies fervice, they were at the point of puffing a reign of KJi^g Vote for blafting his War againft the Scbt?. To prevent which, his Ma- i-hMlis, p. 77.jefty Was forced to diffalve chern on May 5. the Convocation' fti'JI con. V^ rinuing, who granted him a Benevolence of fOurfljilKngsin the p^tind ''' for all their Ecdefiaftical promotions, to be paid fix years together then next enfuing, •■' The Convocation fate after thebreakingup of the Parliament. A new Commiilion was brought from his Majefty , by vertue whereof they were warranted to fit ftill, not in the capacity of a Convocation^, but of a Synod, to prepare their Canons for the Royal aflent thereunto. But Do dor Brewnrigg, Doftor Hacket, Dodiror Holdfworth, Mr. Warm- ftrey, with others, to the number of thirty fix ( the whole Houfe '■ con- fining of about fixfcore ) protefted againft the continuance of the Con- vocation. Tofatisfie thcfe, an Inflrument was brought into the Synod, figned with the hands of the Lord Privy-feal, thetwochief Juftices^ and other Judges, juftifyitig their fo fitting in the nature of a Synod, to be legal according to the Laws of the Realm. Now their difjoynted meeting being fet together 3gain, they confulted about new Canons. I fliall fet down the number^ and titles, of the feveral Canons. I. C oncerning the Regal pomr. ' X. For the better ksefing of the dtiy of hk Mdjeflies Inaugitraiion. '•'■%., For fupfreffing of the growth of "Pbpery. ' ' ; ' ^.■' Againli'Secini'nnifm. - '. - - ' i- jigMt/fiSeiiaries. ■ 6. An Oath enjoyried for the freventingof all Innovations in DoBrine and Governriient^ ' 7- A t^eCI)Utt!) of Great Britain*!. 31 p 7. ji Declaration concerning fame Rites and Ceremonies, 8. Of ^reaching for Conformity. 9. One Book, of Articles of enquiry to be ufed at all Parochial vifi- tutions. . 10. Concerning the Cenverfation of the Clergy. ti. Chancellors Patents. IS. chancellors alone not not to cenfnre any of the Clergy in fundry cafes. 13. Ex communication, and Ahfolution, not to he pronounced but by a Fritft. 14. Concerning the Commutations, and the dijpojiug of them , 15. Concerning fame Concurrent furifdiclions. 16. Concerning Licenfes to mar*'y. 1 7. Againfi vexatiom Citation f. The Oath it felf I fliall fet down, as I find it in the Life of Archbi/hop Laud, written by Doftor/yey/w, in this form following, viz.. J A. B. do [wear. That I do approve the DoBrine, and Difcif line, or Government ejiablifhed in the Church of Engiandj oi containing all things necejfary to falvation ^ And that I will not endeavour by my felf, or any other, direflly, or indireEbly, to bring in any Popipj do- Qrine, contrary to that which is fo ejlablijhed. Nor will I ever give my canjent to alter the Government of this Church by Archbijhops, Bijhops , Deans , and Archdeacois, (^c. As it fia>/ds now efia- bUfhed, and as by right it ought to jiand ; -nor yet ever fub'jefl it to the tifurpations and fuperfiitions of the See of Rome. And all thefe things I do plainly and ferioujly acknowledge and fw ear, according to the plain and common fence and under^mding of the fame words , ■without any equivocation, or mental evajion , or Jecret refervation whatfoever- And this J do heartily, willingly and truly , upon the faith of a Chrifiim. So help me God in Jefus Chrift. Toward the clofeof the Convocation, Doftor Griffith made a motion, that there might be a new Edition of the Welfli Church-bible, fomc Hxty years firft tranflated into Weifli by the endeavours of Billiop Mor- gan-y butnot without many miftakes and omiffionsof the Printer. The matter was committed to the care of the Wellh Bifliops, but nothing was effe(f?:ed therein. Near the ending of the Synod Godfrey Goodman, Bifliop of Glocefier, privately acquainted the Archbifliop of Canterbury, that he could not in his Confcience fubfcribe the new Canons. The Archbifliop being pre- fent with the Synod in King Henry the Seventh his Chappel, faid unto him, i^ Zor^tff Glocefter, 1 admonifli you to fubfcribe : and prefentiy after, 32 o Xl)e l^ifto?^ of after , My Lord of Glocelter, / admoni^j you the fecond time to fitb- fcrihe : and immediately after , I admonijli you to fubfcribe. To aU which the Bifliop pleaded Confcience, and re:urned a denial. Some dayes after he was committed to the Gate-houfe. Soon after the fame Canons were fubfcribed ac Tork^, and on the laft of J'wwe following the faid Canons were publickly printed, with the Royal affent affixed there- unto. F;.'/fn. church Various were raenscenfures upon thefc Canons. Butmofl tookex- Hiflory. ception againft that claufe in the Oath, We mil nevit give any confem to id An. 1-^4: ^ij.^.^. j/j^^ Church-governmety as if the fame were intended to abridge the liberty of King and State in future Parliaments, and Convocations, if hereafter they faw caufe to change any thing therein. Yet others with a favourable fence endeavoured to qualifie this fufpitious claufe, whereby the taker of this Oath was tied up from confenting to any alteration, fay- ing, that thefe words, \^We will never give any confemto alter "^ are in- tended here to be meant only of a voluntary and pragmatical alteration, when men confpire and endeavour to change the prefent Government of the Church, in fuch particulars asthey dodiDike, without theconfentof their Superiors. Bilhop Goodman , on "^dy the tenth , made acknowiedginent of his fault before the Lords of the Council, and took the Oath enjoyned in the listh Canon, forpreferving theDoftrinesand Difcipline of the Church of England, againft all Popifti doftrines which were thereunto repugnant. Upon the doing whereof be was reftored, by his Majefty, to his former liberty. Yet in the timeof hislaft ficknefs, it is faid, that he declared himfelf to be a Member of the Church of Rome, and caufed it fo to be expreffed in his laft Will and Teftament. On December 27. 1639. at night, and the night following, there was fuch a violent Tempe{t,»that many of the Boats, which were drawn to Land at Lambeth, were dafhed one againft the other, and were broke , -r. to pieces : and that the fhaftsof two Chimneys were blown down upon TA^'bhifhop the roof of the Archbifhop's Chamber, and beat down both the Lead ^,,^. and Rafters upon his Bed, in which ruine he muft needs have perifhed, if id An. 1640. the roughnefs of the Water had not forced him to keep his Chamber at White-hall. A like mifchance happened the fame night at Creydon ( a retiring place belonging to the Archbifliop of Canterbury ) where one of the Pinacles fell from the Steeple, beat down the Lead and Roof of the Church above twenty footfquare. But that which was more remarkable than either of thefe, was that which happened the fame night at Canterbury , in the Metropolitical Church, where one of the Pinacles upon the top of the Belfrey-Tovter, which carried a Vane with this Archbifliops Arms upon it, was violently ftruck down, but born a good diftance from the Steeple, to fall upon the Roof tlje ClJUlXl) of Great Britain. 52 Roof of the Cloyfter, where the Arraes of the Archiepifcopal See it felf were ingraven in Stone : which Arraes being broke to pieces by the fall of the other: on Friday night, fmuary 24.. 1639. he dreamedj that his Father ( who died 46. years before ) came to him, being to his thinking feemingly well and cheerful, that his Father asked him, what he did there : that after feme fpeech, he demanded of his Father how long he would ftay there • and that his Father made this anfwer , he would ftay till he had him along with him. Which made fuch an imprejfion on him , that he thought Jit to remember this in his Bre- "viate. A brute being fpread abroad. That the late Tarliament hadbeen dif- fahed by his procurement ; a paper was palled up at the Exchange, by fohn Lilburn, animating the Apprentices to fack his Houfe at Lambeth, on the Monday following, and that night we was aflaulted by five hun- dred of the Rabble, who ftrove to force an entrance, but were repulfed. And having fortified his Houfe with feme pieces of Canon, he with-drew to his Chamber at Whitehall till the Rage of the people was blown over. Some of the principal Aftors in this Sedition being appre/iended and committed to the Goal in Southwark., were forcibly delivered by others of their Accomplices, who brake open that and all other Prifons in that precinft, fotvfhkhonsSenfiead, one of the Ring,Ieaders was retaken, arraigned, condemned, hanged, drawn and quartered, on May 21. Yet for all this. Libels were fcattered againfl: the Archbifliop in moft parts of the City. And his Majefty being then newly gone in perfon with an Army againfl: the Scots, about the end of Augufi a paper was dropt in Covent-garden, encouraging the Souldiers and Apprentices to fall upon him, yet was there no tumult raifed upon it. Then he gave order, that the High-commiflion (liould be kept at Si.Taul'sx and the Commiflioners fitting there, on October 22. were violently affaulted by amixt multitude of Seftaries, to the number of two thoufand, crying out. They would have no Bijlwps, nor High Com- mijfion. In which tumult having frighted away the Judges, Advocates, and Officers of the Court, they brake down all the feats and benches which they found in the Confiftory •, fo that a guard was fet upon that Church, as before at Wefiminfier, not onely at the next fitting of the faid Commiflioners, but at the firft meeting of the Convocation, which foon after followed. The Scots were now entred the Realm in hoftile manner : and having put by his Majefties Forces at a place called Nevebourn^ they pafi'ed over the Tine, and prefently made themfelves Mafters of the ftrong Town of New-caftle , his Majefties Forces not very far diftant. Many of the King's own Souldiers in their marchings through the Countrey, binke into Churches, pulled up theRayles, threw down the Communion T«- bles, defaced the Common-Prayer Books, tore the Surplices, c^e. T t The 322 ii:t)e m^Qiv ot The Scots fet forth a Remotiftance , wherein it was declared, That their Pfopofuions anddefires could find no accefs unto the ears of the Graci- ous King, by reafon of the powerful Divcrfion of the Archb'lh^p of Canterbury and the Deputy oi IreUnd, &c. who did onely Ode ia air matters of Temporal and Spiritual Affairs^ &c. This Remonftrance was feconded with another Panaphlet, call€d;,T;^e Intention of the Army^ Theyfignified therein, that they hadnodefign to wail the goods of the People of England, or fpoil their Countrey ; but onely co become peti- tioners to his Ma jelly to call a Parliament, and to bring the faid Archbi- fhop and Lord Lieutenant to their condign punifliments. And that the Englirti mighcthe better fee whom they chiefly aimed at, a Book was publifhed by-the mmtoi Limdenfiiim Antoeatitcrifis^ or ths Canterbitrians felf-conviSlion. HeyUn. Hift. Upon this his Majefty was afTaulted by a Petition from fonte Lords ia of Archbiili. the South, wherein complaint was made of the many inconveniences i4.vi.- which bad been drawn on this Kingdom, by the King's ingagings againft^ the Scots, as alfoofthe growth of Popery; of the prefling of the prefent payment of Ship-money ; the diflolving of former Parliaments, Mono- polies, Innovations, and foae other grievances, among which the Ca- nons which were made in the late Convocation, could not be omitted. For remedy whereof. His Majefty is defired to call a Parliament, c^c. Subfcribed by divers of the Nobility , prefented to the King at Tork^ on September 3 . and feconded by another from the City of London to the fame effeft. The King therefore refolves to hold a Parliament, a,nd on November 3.1640. chat long lading Parliament began. A Letter was writ to the Aichbifhop of Canterbury, advertifing , That the Parliament of the twentieth year of King. Henry the Eighth, which began in the fall of Cardinal pro/rey, contmued in the Diminutien of the Power and Privi- ledges of the Clergy, and ended in the diffolution of the Abbies and Religious Houfcs , was begun on the third day of November : and therefore that, for good-luck-fake, he would move the King to refpice tbefirft fitting of it for a day or two longer. But the Archbilhop heark- ned not to this advertiferaent, and the Parliament began at the time ap- pointed. On the morrow after began the Convocation at St. ^ahU Church, •randfelled at their firft meeting by the news of the Deceafeof Dr. Neile-, Archbifhop of Torfe.. But litle was done in this Convocation, but that, a motion was made by Mr. Warr/jjirey { a Clerk for Worcefter ) That ihey (hould endeavour (according to the Levitical Law j to cover the pit which they had opened , and to prevent their Adverfaries intention^ by condemning fuch offenfiveXanons as were made the laft Convoca- lioB. But they were loth to confefs Eheralelves guilty before they were asxafed. . Soon-. t!)e C!)ttrc!) of Great Britain. 22 3 Soon after Mr. Trynne , Dr. Bafiwick., and Mr. Burton were dif- charged out of prifon, and brought with great Triumph into Londofu 'Sxtho^WillUms and Mr. Oshafion, being remitted their fines, wcrerefto- red to their Livings and Liberty. Docftor Pocklington, and Doftor Bray were cenfured ; the former for Preaching and Printing , the latter for Licenfing two Books, one called Sunday no Sabbmh : the other Ths Chriftian Alter. Not many days after the Earl of Strafford was impeached of High Treaf3n, by Mr, Pym, in fourteen Articles. The Earl was forthwith Sequeftred the Houfe, and committed to the Black Rod, and fent not long after to the Tower. December i8. Archbifhop Lmd, and Bifliop FTrew, were voted by the Commons, Guilty of High Treafon, and a chargewas immediately brought in againft Bifliop Land., upon the Reading of which on March I. he was fent to the Tower. The fame moneth Alderman Pennington, with a great multitude out of London f petitioned the Houfe againft Epifcopal Government , and the Rites and Ceremonies of the Church. A Committee was appointed toconfider of matters of Religion, fetledin the Upper Houfe of Parlia- ment. Ten Earls, ten Bifliops, ten Barons. At the fame time the Lords appointed s^ Sub-committee, to prepare matters fit for their cogni- zance (the Bilhop of I,«>7co/« having the Chair in both j authorized to call together divers Bifliops and Divines, to confult together for cor- refling what was amifs, and to fettle peace, wz,. The Archbifhop of Armagh. The Bifliop of Durham. The Bifliop of Exeter. Dr. Samuel Ward. Dr. William Twijfe. Dr. Robert Sanderfon. Dr. Daniel Featley. Dr. Ralph Brownrigg. Dr. Richard Holdfworth. Dr. fohn Hacket. Dr. Cornelim Burgeffe. Mr. fohn White. Mr. Stephen Mar^jall. Mr. Edmond Calamy. Mr. Thomas Hill. ' The place of their meeting was ferufalem-chamber in the Dean of Weflminflers houfe, where they had folemn debates fix feveral days. Firft they confult on innovations in Doftrine. Then they enquire in- to Preter-canonical conformity, and innovations in Difcipline; and con- cerning the Common-Prayer. Laftly, they entrcd on the Regulating of Eccleliaftical Government, which was not (brought in, becaufe the Bi- fliop of Lincoln had undertaken the draught thereof, but not finiflied It, as employed at the fame time in many weighty matters of State. This confultationcontinued till the middle of May. But the B.II agaiiill Deans and Chapters, put fuch adiftancc between the forefaid Divines. T t 2 tlu: ^14 %l)e 3^ifto^p of that never their Judgments ( and fcarce their perfoos ) met after to- gether. The Canons made in the late Convocation were condemaei in the Houfe of Commons, as being againft thc^King's Prerogative, the Fun- damental Laws of the Realm, the Liberty and Property of the Subjeft, and containing divers other things tending to Sedition, and of dangerous confequence. Many things were charged againft the ArchbiOiop by the Scots Com- miflioners, viz,. That he had preffed upon that Kirk, many Innovations in Religion, ctMitained in the Liturgy and Book of Canons, contrary to the Liberties and Laws thereof. That he had required B^iUemne, Biihopof Dwnblane, and the reft of the Bilhops to be prefent at the Divine Service in their Whites , and blamed the faid Billiop for his negligence in it, e^r. That he gave order for the taking down Stone-walls and Galleries in the Churches of Edsnhorough, to no other end but for the fetting up of Altars, and Adoration toward the Eaft. That for their Supplicating againft thefe Novations, they were decla- red Rebels in all the ParilTi-Churches of Englvui, and a War kindled againft them by his Arts and Praftices. That their Covenant by him was called ungodly, and that divers Oathes were impofed upon their Countrey-men to abjure the fame. That he in the prefence of the King fpared not to rail againft the General AfTembJy held at Glafcow, and put his hand to a Warrant for imprifcning fomeof thofe Commiffioners fent from the. Parliament of Scotland, for the Peace of both Nations. That when the late Parliament could not Be moved to aflift in the War againft them, he had caufed the fame to be diffoUed, and continu- ed the Convocation^ to njake Canons againft them and their Do- ftrines, &c. Sach was the charge exhibited by the Scots Commillioners, in which many thought there was nothing criminal enough to deferve Imprifon- ment, much lefs to menace him with death. The Bilhop of Ely was impeached for many reputed mifdemeanours iti the See of Norwich. That he deprived or banilhed, within the fpace of two years , fifty Godly, Learned, Painful Minifters. His placing the Communion-Tabie Akar-wife, and caufinga Rayl to be fet before .1 JE. Thepradiling of Superftition in his own perfon, his bowing coward .""■ it; Confccrating the Bread and Wine at the Weft-fide of the Table,, with his back toward the people, and elevating the fame above his Head, that the people might fee it, caufing the feats in all places to;be fo con- trived. tI)eCl)UtCl)Of Great Britain. ^i$ irived, that the pcoplemuft of neceffity kneel towards the Eaft. Appoin- ting no Prayers to be ufed by Preachers before their Sermons, but chat prefcribed by the Canon^ &c. In the midft of thefe troublefom times died Dr. fohn Davenartt, Bi- 1641. ftop of Salisbury. A little before his death he prayed emphatically for half a quarter of an hour. Among many heavenly paffages therein. He thanked Gedfor this his fatherly correSlion, hecaufe in all his life-time he never had any one heavy ajfli5iion, which made him often much fujpe^ with himfelf, whether he was a true child of God or no. Deans and Chapters being now oppofed by Parliament, the Gather draUmen endeavour to prefervetheir Foundations ; and by their friends" J'.-' obtain leave to be admitted into the Houfe of Commons, and to be heard what they could alledge in their own behalf. They made choice of Doftor John Hacket, Prebendary of St. Pauls to be the mouth for all the reft. He flicwed, that to fupply the defeds of Prayer comifiittcd by pri- F«Sfr.Church vate men, the publick duty thereof Ihould be conftantly performed in ^'^* ^"'^' '"' fomc principal place (in imitation of the Primitive praAice) and this ' * is done in Cathedrals. He fpake much alfo in praifc of Church-mufick, when moderated to Edification. He took occafion to refell that flaun- der, which ferae caft on Lefture-preachers, as an upftart Corporation,' allcdging, that, the local Statutes of moft, or all Cathedral Churches, do require Leftures on the week-days. And in the name of his Bre- thren, he requeftcd that Honourable Houfe, that godly and profitable Preaching might be the more exaded. Then he inliiled on the advance- ment of Learning, as the proper ufe and convenience of Cathedrals , each of them being a fmall Academy for the Champions of Chrift's caufe, againft the Adverfarics, by their Learned pens. Here be prof-' fered to prove by a Catalogue of their Names and Works, which lie could produce, that moft excellent labours in this kind ( excepting fome- few) have preceeded from perfons preferred in Cathedrals : Now what' a di/heartning would it be to young Students, if fuch promotions were' taken away. He alledged alfo, that the antient and genuine ufe of- Deans and Chapters; was as Senatus Efifcofi, to aflift the Biftiop in his jurifdidion. He faid, that Cathedral-Churches were the fiift Monu- ■ ments of Chriftianity in England. From things he pafled to perfons, and began with the multitude of fuch members, as had maintenance from Cathedrals, the total amounting to many thoufands ; All which by the diffoiurion of Deans and Chap- ters muftbecxpofed to poverty. Next, he infl:anced in their Tenants, who holding Leafes from Deans and Chapters, are fenfible of their' own happinefs (as enjoying fix parts of feven in pure gain). and there- fore have petitioned the Houfe to continue their Antient Landlords. Moreover, fuch Cities wherein Cathedrals ftand (if Maritime j being very 12:6 Xl)e tili:o;tp of very poor in Trade, are enricbed by the hofpitaliry of the Clergy^ and the frequent teforc of Strangers unto them. Then he fhewed, that di- vers of low degree, but generous Spirits, would labour by qualifying themfelves by Induftry and Vertue, to attain a fhare of Cathedral en- dowmentSj as the common pofTeffion of the Realm, ^c. He trufted their Honours would account it reafonable, that the Clergy had infomefort a better maintenance than in neighbouring reformed Churches, and not with feroboam's Priefts to be the bafeft of the people. Then he inftanced in fome famous forreign Proteftants, who had found relief by being inflalled Prebendaries in our Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, as Dr. 5iir^w'i? preferred by Queen £/?z:h?reir) we fhev^ fo great apride, in taking place of thofe to whom it Was allowed by all our Afideftors ? The Bill againft the High-cortimiffion Court, was the third time read> in the Houfe of Lords, and paffed, which fomc days after was confirmed by his Majefty. The Bifhop o^ Lincoln brought up a Bill to regulate Bi- fiio^ and their jurifdiftion. Thisi Bill was but once read in the Houfe, , and no great matter made thereof. The Bifhops that were impeached for making Canons, craved time till 'Michaelma^s Term. This was vehemently opfofed by fome Lords, and two queftions were pur. Ti WJoether the Bifhops (heuldfit fiillin the Heufe, though without voting: {to which themfelves confented) whilfi the circumftance of time for- their anfwer Was in debate. 11. what time they fhould have for their anfwer. The firft of thrfe was carried fdrth^fti by ofte pi'efem: vbicc, ahdtour Proxies • and for the fetotlrf, tihie was allowed them till the t^nth of November^ and Councel was permitted onto them. Bifliop Warner of ■■ Socfef/er is choferi by joynt confent to folicit the caufe, fparing neither icare nor coft therein. Mr. Chute dtevf u'p a Demurrer in their behalf, , that their offence in making Canons could not amount-to a. Pratmumre i . and now the caufe funckittlilenee. ' r >.. : >:• ■• Bute 31^ . X!)e ^irnif nt But the main matter was, that the Billiops were denied all medling even in the Commiffion of preparatory examinations concerning the Earl of Strafford, C aitfa fangmnii ; and they as men of mercy not to deal in the condemning of any perfon. The Bifliops againft the perfwa- fions of the Lord Kinibolton, and the Earl of EJfex, refolved te keep poffeffion of their Votes, till a prevalent power outed them thereof. - No day palTed, wherein fome petition was not prefented to the Parlia- ment againft the Bifliops, wh© durft not come to the Parliament f>y Land for fear of the Apprentices, who were gathered together in great num- bers to Wejiminfier. The BiiLops therefore intended to come to Parlia- ment by water in Barges : but as they thought to come to Land, they were fo pelted with Stones, and ; frighted at the fight of fuch a company of them , that they were rowed back , and went away to their places. The next day twelve of the Biftiops repaired to Jerufdem Chamber, in the Dean's lodgings, and drew up a Proteftation, direfted thus. To the Kings KoFl excellent Majefiy, and the Lerds and Peers new ajfembled in Parliament. This Inftrument they delivered to Bifliop Williams, now, Archbi/hopof Tori^, who at the next opportunity prefented, it to his Majefty •, who wholly remitted the matter to the Parliament. The next morning a Privy Counfcllor brought this Proteftation into the Houfe : and the twelve fubfcribcrs are impeached of High Treafon, and Voted to be committed to the Tower , fave that Biftiop Morten of JDurhami and Biftiop Hall of Norwich, found fome favour , fo that they alone were fent to the cuftody of the Black Rod. Now was the Bill againft the BiOiops fitting in Parliament brought up into the Houfe of the Lords, and the matter agitated fo eagerly on both fides. The Lord Vifcount Newark^ ( afterwards Earl of Kingfton ) made two notable fpeeches in the Houfe, in defence of Epifcopacy , which confirmed thofeof the Epifcopal party, making the Lords very zealous in Bifbops behalf. There were in the Houfe many other de- fenders of Epifcopacy, 3iS William Lord Marquis of //^rr/or«/ ; the Earl of South-knmpton ; the Earl of Brifiol, and the Lord Dighy his Son ; and that learned Lord, William Earl of Bath, and many other Lords voted for them. ' About this time died Richard Mountague Bifliop of Norwich , and Dotftor Jofefh Hall fucceeded him in his See. Dodor fohn Pridemx, Regius Profejfor in Oxford , was made Bifhop of Worcejier. DocSor Thomas Winniff , Dean of St. Pauls , was made Bi/liop of Lincoln. Doftor Ralph Brownrigg, made Bifliop of Exeter. Doftor Henry King, made Bifliop of cX/c^fy?fr. DoAovfehnWeJifield, made Bifliop of Br flol-^ he died not "long after. Thefe were as likely perfons to have Kept up Epifcopacy, if God's providence had foappointed, as any could Iiave been culled out of England. The tl)eC!)UtCl) of Great BRiTAtN. 229 The Bill was again brought in againft Bifliops Votes in Parlianjenr, 1642. and it was clearly carried in the Negative, that Billiops never more - fliouldVoteas Peers in Parliament. The King was very unwilling to confent to it, but at laft, with much importunity, he figned the BiJl, as he was, in Sr, AugHJlines in Canterbury-, paffing with the Queen towards Dover, then undertaking her voyage into the Low Countries, Ten of the eleven Bifliops formerly fubfcribing their Proteftation to the Parliament, were after fome moneths durance ( upon good bale given ) releafed. Thefe now at liberty feveraliy difpofed themfelves. Some went home to their own Diocefs, as the Bifliops of JSFgrwich, Ox- ford, &c. The Bifliop of Durham continued in London. Some withdrew themfelves into the King's quarters, as Archbifliop Williams, &c. Bifhop jyrfw within few rtwneths after he was difcharged from the Tower, was feized on by a party of Souldiers at his houfc at Downham, and brought back again to the Tower, where he continued till the end of the year 1659. As for the Archbifliop of Canterbury, as he firft took poffeilion of that fatal lodging before any of the reft came to him, fo he continu- ed there after their difmiflion, without hope of finding his paffage out of it by any other door than the door of death : which as he did not look for before it came ; fo when it came he did not fear it, faith Dovftor Heylin. On OBober 23. in the year foregoing, the Houfe of Peers fequcftred his Jurifdidion from him, conferring it on Sir Nathanael Brent, and others of his under-officers, and ordered. That He jhould befiorv none of the Benefices Vfithin his Gift, without acquainting thern with the name and quality of the party whom he intended to prefer, leaving to them the approba- tion if they Jaw caufe for it. And on OSo^fr 15. 1(542. (for fo long he remained without further difturbance ) it was refolved upon the Quefti- on,, That the Fines, Rents, and Profits of Archbifliops, and Bifliops, fliould be Sequeflred for the ufe and fervice of the Common-wealth. On the ninth of iVoww^fr following, the Archbifliop's houfe at La-nbeth was forcibly poffeffed by a party of Souldiers, to keep it for the Fublick fervice; and feventy eight pounds of his Rents as forcibly taken from fome of his Officers, by an order under the hands of fome of the Lords. But upon his petition fliortly after, he had an order for fecuring of his Hnlin. Hifl. Books and Goods. Another order came to bar him from any confer- of Archbifh. ence with any^of the other prifoners ; orfpeaking with any other, but ^^■"^' in the prefence of the Warder, who was appointed to attend him; and from having the liberty of the Tower ; or from fending any of his fervants into the C'ty, but on occafion of providing viduals, and other neceffarics. The Souldiers brake open the doors of his Chappel in Lartibcth houfe, and began to fpoil the Organs there^ but their Csptain put a flop to their fury. On December 21. his fadcjle-horfe was feized; on by order from fome members in the Houfe of Common- : and o^ th; Vv ^^. ^^o %\)t i^iftO?^ Of 23. Dr. Leighton, who had before been fentencedin the Star-chamber for bis libeUous Pamphlets, came with an order from that Houfe to dif- poffefs the Souldiers of their quarters there, and turn his Houfe into a - Prifon : his Wood and Coalsfeized on, without any permiffion to make any ufe of them for himfelf In the beginning of May the windows in his Chappel were defaced, and the fteps torn up ; his Books and Goods {sized on by Leighton. and fome others. And on the ftxteenth of the- fame monech he was ferved with aa order of both Houfes, debarring him from beftowing any of his Benefices, which either were or (hould be vacant for the time to come. And on the thirty firft, an order was directed unto Trynm and others, to feizc on lU his Letters and Papers, to be perufed by fuch as fhould be Authorized to that end. and purpofe. The entertaining of many petitions by the Houfes of Parliament vifi^ bly tending to the abolition ofEpifcopal government, made it appear- moftneceOary in the eyes of thofe who wilhtweUto it, tohaftenthe- publiniing of fuch petitions, as had been prefenced to the King "in be- half thereof, and by hisMajefty had been ordered to be publiOied accor- dingly. Among which none did plead the caufe with greater fervency, than that which was tendred in the name of the Gentry and Clergy of the Diocefs oi Canterbury. To which petition there fubfcribed no fewer than twenty four Knights and Baronets ; Efquires and Gentlemen of note, above three hundred ; Divines one hundred and eight ; Freeholders and Sublidy men eight hundred : Many petitions of like nature came from other Counties, where the people were at any liberty to fpeak- their own fence. All which, with fome of thofe which had led the way. unto the reft, were publi(hed by order from his Majefty, bearing, date ■ . May 20, 1642. under the Title of j4 colleElion of the petitions of divers Countries, Sec. Which petitions being drawn together, befidesmany which'were prefented after this Colleftion, amounted to nineteen in all, that is to fay, two from the County of Chefler, two from Cornxvalt, onfr from the Univerfuy of Oxford, and another from the Univerfity of Cambridge-, one from the Heads of Colledges and Halls. This from the Diocefs o{ Camrrbury ; another from the Diocefs of Exeter • onefrora . the fix Counties of North-xvales ; and one a piece from the Counties of Nottingham, Hereford, Hifvtington, Somerfet, Rutland, Stafford, Kent, - Oxford, and Lancafler. Thefe petitions came from thwifands of the moft eminent fubjefts of the Realm. But nothwithftanding th^ impor- tunity of the Petitioners on the one fide, and the moderation of the King's ar.fwer on the other, the prevailing party in both Houfes had Jongfincerefolved upon the Queftion, which afterwards they declared " by theirpubltck'Votes: for on the eleS'eBth of September the Vote paf- fed in the Houfe of Commons, for abolifliing Bifhops , Deans and Giiapters J. celebrated, by the Ciiize.is' with Bells and Bonfires, the Lerds tfte CDtttCl) of Great Britain. 531 Lords not coming in till the end of January ^ .when k paft there alfo. The War now begins to open. The Parliament had their Guards' already, and the affront which Hotham had put upon the King at Hull, prompted the Tork^jhire Gentlemen to become a guard to his Perfon. Both Koufes prefently Vote this to be a levying War againft the Parli- ament, for whofe defence not onely the Trained bands of Londan rauft be in a readinefs, and the Good people of the Countrey required to put themfelves into a pofturc of Armes -, but Regiments of Horfe and Foot are lifted, a General appointed, great fums of money raifed. Hereup- on the King haitens from Tork^ to Nottingham , where he fets up his Standard, inviting all his good Subjeds to repair unto him, for defence of their King, the Laws and Religion of their Countrey. And march- ing with great Forces he was encountred at Edge-bill by the Parlia- ments Forces, where five thoufand men on both fides were flain on the place, among which was the King's General, Yet the King kept the field, and made his way open, forced Banbury Caftle , and entred triumphantly into Oxford with an hundred and twenty Colours taken in the Fight. The King refolves on his advance towards London, and goes forward as far as Brainford, out of which he beats two of their beft Regiments, takes five hundred prifoners and finks their Ordnance. But under- ftanding that the Earl of Ejfex jojKiing with the London- Auxiliaries lay in way before him at Turnham-Greea near Chifwic\, he retreated toward Oxford, where he receives Propofitions of Peace from the Houfes of Parliament. Among which I find this for one. That his Majejly would be pleafed to give his Royal jifent, for taking away fuperftitious Innovations -y and to the Bill for the utter aboli fil- ing and taking away all Archbifhops , Bijljops , their Chancellors , Commiffaries , Deans , Subdeans , Deans and Chapters, Archdea- cons , Deacons , Canons and Prebandaries • and all Chantors, chancellors , Treafurers , Sub-treafurers , Succencors and Sacri:h, and all Vicars Choral and Chorijters, old Ficars, or new Ficars of Ofiy Cathedral or Collegiate Church, and all other their under- offi' eers out of the Church of England. To the Bill against fca>jdalous ■ Miniftcrs : To the BiHagalnft pluralities : And to t'^e Bill for con- fultation to be h.xd with Godly , Religions, and Learned Divines : That his Majejiy would be plea fed topafs fuch other Bills for fetling of Church-government, as upon ccnfultationwith the AJf',nbiy of the faid Divines jhall be refolved on by both HoufeS of Parlia'nsnt, and bythemtoheprefentedtohisMajcjiy. ■ V z Which 5^.1 - %l)t tifto^p of Which Propofition with the reft, being prefented to him on Candk^ mM-day, he referred to the following Treaty to be held at Oxford, but the ComraiflTioners were ib tyed to their Inftruftions, that nothing could be yielded by thera. Hfy/n.Hift of ^^'^ ^^-^ Parliament had nowentredonthe Rents and profits of all the- Archbidiop Epifcopal Sees and Capitular Bodies, which were within the power of iMid. their Armies, andCequeftred the Benefices of many under the common ' notion of fcandalous Minifters:. who if they had tranfgreffed the Laws of the Realm, by the fame Liws were to have been proceeded againft j that fo being legally deprived , the vacant Churches might be left to be filled by tlie Patrons with more deferving Incumbents. But this confifted not with the prefentdefign, Moft of the Clenced Lefturers and Miniftcrs, which- within ten years- pad bad left the Kmgdom for Inconformicy, were put into thefe fe- queftrcd Benefices : with which his Majefty being made acquainted, he. prefcntly lignified his diflike of it by his Royal Proclamation, bearing;- due. May 1%. 164.3. In which he complains. That divers ef the Pions and Learned Clergy •Sftre forced from their Cures and HaUrations, or othermfe filenced. Sec. for no other reafon; hut hecaufe ( contrary to the Laws of the Land, andtbtir own Confciences ) they would not pray again B Him-, emdhii ASfi^ants, cr refufed to fublifh any Illegal orders for fgu renting the Warraifed. againft him, hut conformed them/elves accor- ding to the Beok^ of Comtn-Prayers , and preached God's Word ac- cording to the purity thereof, without any mixtur,e of Sedition. Next, ^ That many Fa^iom and Sehifmatical per fans ^Vf ere intruded into them, to- faw Sedition, and.feduce his good Subjetts from their Obedience, contrary to the Werdef God, and the Laws of the Land, 8cc, And thereupon he Jiraitly commandeth all bis good Suhjetis to pay their Tythes to the feveral and reJpeBive Incumbents , or their Ajfignes without guile or fraud, notwithjtanding any Sequejiration, pretended Orders, or Ordinances whatfoe-ver, from one or both- Houfes of Par- U-ament, &c. Requiring all Church-wardens and Sides-men to.be af- fijiaat in gathering and reeeiving their Tythes, Rents, and Profits ^^ and te.refiH all fuch perfons ( as much as in them lay ) which were intruded into anyc,of the Benefices or Cures afar ej aid-.. But this rather ferved to declare bis Ma jefties piety, than to ftop the cflurfe of thofe proceedings. Then an infamous Pjimphlet is dffperfed, Licenfed by fohn. White, . Ghair-man of the. Committee for Religion, called. The Cemmiuee for fjundred Miniflers, under the Title of, The firB Century of Scanda-- km ^nd Malignant Priefts^SiCi. TJieijf. t\)t C|)Utt!j of Great Britain. Their Commiffioners were no fooner returned from Qxford, but they called an Affembly of Divines by their own Authority, who met at Weftminfter'm King Henry the Seventh his Chappel. Thefe were of four feveral natures, Firft, Men of Epifcopal perfwafion , as the moft Reverend James ZJjher, Archbilhop of Armagh: Doftor Rd^h Brewfiri^g, Bi/hop of Exeter; Doftor Wefifield, BidwTp o? Brifiol : Doftor Daniel Featly, Doftor Richard Hold/worthy c^e. Secondly, Such who in their judgements favoured the Presbyterian Difcipline, e^c. among whom we take fpecial notice of theie. Doftor Hoyle Divinity Profeflbr in Ireland.. Cambridge.. Dr. William Gouge in Black: friers. Dr. Peter Smith. Mr. Oliver Bowles. Mr. Thomas Gataker. Mr. Henry Scudder. Mr. Anthony Tuchney, Mr. Stephen MarJhMl. Mr. John Arrow-Stntth. Mr. Herbert Palmer. Mr. 1 ho flats "fhorowgood; Mr. Thomas Hill. Mr. Nathanael Hodges. Mr. fohn Gibbon. Mr. Timothy Tomg. Mr. Richard Ftnes. Mr. Thomas Coleman: Mr. Matthew Neweomen. Mr. Jeremiah Whitaker. Mr. John Lightfoot. &c. Dr, Mr Mr, Mr Oxford. Dr. William Twife. Dr. Cornelius Burgejfe. Edmond Stanton. John White of Dorchefier. Harris of Hanwel, Edward Reynoldsi '' Mr, John Maynard. Mr. Charles Herle. Mi. Corbert of Mirton Col- ledge. Mr. Conant: Mr. Francis Cheynel. Mr. Obadiah Sedgewick... Mr. Cartar Senior. Mr. Cartar Junior. Mr. Jofeph Caryl. Mr. Strickland. Mr^ Thomas Baily.~ &c. Thirdly, Some who formerly difliking Conformity, removed themi- fclves beyond the Seas, now returned home at the beginning of this Par- liament. Thefe afterward proved diflenting Breihren to fome tranf- aftions in the Affembly, s^s Thomas Goodwin,- Philip Nye, Sidrach Syrr.'- [on, JeremiahiBitrreiighes , William Bridge. Fourthly, Some Members of the Lords and Commons were mingled among them,, and Yoted joyntly in their Confultatioris; as the Earl of Pembroik^ , , .1643. 5H ^1)^ l?iltO?P Df Ternbrook^, the Lord Sdy; The moft Learned Antiqaary Mr. SeUen, Mr. Francis Rohfe, Mr. Bnlfi-rede Whhlotkj &c. ♦ Commiffioners from Scedand were alfo joyned with them, as the Earl of Lothian , the Lord Lauderdale , the Lord Wnrrifion , of the Nobility j others of the Clergy, as Mr. Alexander Henderfon^ Mr. Ce- F.'i'/ff.Church . Dodor Twijfe Preached the firft Sermon, at the meeting of the Af- Hifl. Ad An. fcmbly, though the Schoolss not the Pulpit , was his proper Elcmenc 1^43- ( witnefs his Controverfal writings ) and in his Sernion he exhorted them Faithfully to difcharge their high calling to the glory of God, and honour of his Church. He much bemoaned. That the Royal Affent was wanting to give encouragement to them : yet he hoped. That by the efficacy of their fervent Prayers it might in due time be obtained, and that a happy union might be procured betwixt him and the Parlia- ment. Sermoaended, the Ordinance was read, by which was declared the Caufe, Ground, and Intent of their Convention j namely to con- fult with the Parliament for the fetling of Religion and Church-govern- ment. Of an hundred twenty clefted, but fixty nine appeared. And of the firft of Royalifts, Epifcopal in their judgements, very few appeared, and fcarce any continued any time in the Houfe, fave Dodor Daniel Feately, alledging privately feveral reafons for their de- parture. Dr. Tvfijfe, is now chofen Prolocutor, and Mr. Hemry Robroagh^znd Mr. Adoniram Bifield, their Scribes and Notaries : And now their good fuccefs ( next to the Parliament's ) is pnblickly praydftir by the Preach- ers in the City, and Books dedicated unto them, under the Title of the moft Sacred Affembly; and four (hillings a day fallary was allowed them : and the Chamber of ferufaletn, the faireft in the Deans lodgings ( where King Henry the Fourth died ) was the place where thcfe Divines did daily meet together. His Majefty looks on this as a flrange and unparallell'd encreatchment on his Royal Prerogative, to which alone the calling of fuch Affem- blies did belong by the Laws of the Realm. And thereupon by his Proclamation of fane 22 1643. being juit ten days after the date of BtbL Kigii. the Ordinance by which the Affembly was indided. He inhibits all and f'33i. every perfon named in that Ordinance ( under feveral pains j from af- fembling together for the end and pm^pofe therein fee down, dedar'ng the Affembly to hi illegal, and that the Ads thereof ought not to be received by any of his good Subjeds , as binding them . or of any Authority with them. Which Prohibition notwithftanding , moft of the Members authorized by that Ordinance affcmbled, as was. before declared, One t!3eCl)UtCi)0f Great Britain. 335 One of the firft publick Ads which they performed, was the humble prefcnting of a petition to both Houfes, for the appointing of a folcmn Faft to be generally obferved. And prefently a Fall is appointed, and accordingly kept on the following Friday, Mafter Bowles, and Matter Nevocomn , ( whofe Sermons were after Printed ) Preaching on the fame. The King fummons the lords and Commons to Oxford, to attend there on January 22. then next folJowing. Being come, fcarce were they fetled in their fevcral Houfes, when they were entertained with an hot Alarum , made by the coming in of the Scots with a puiffant Army. The Scots had thrived lo well by the former fervice, as made them not unwilling to come under the pay of fuch bountiful Matters, And knowing well in what neceffity their dear Brethren in England ftood of their afliftance, they were refolved to husband that neceffity to their beft advantage. The Englidi mutt firft enter into Covenant . with them, for conforming of this Church with that, &c.- In the firft branch of it, it was to be Covenanted between the Nations, , That all endeavours fhould be ufedfor the frefervatien of the Reformed Re- ligion in the Church of Scotland, both in Dotlrine, Difcifline, and Go- vernment ; DireBory for worfhip and Catechiaing, And in the fecond. That in like manner they endeavour without anyre^ fpe5i of perfo)is, the extirpation of Popery ^ Prelacy, that is-, Church Govern' ■■ went by jirchbiJJjops, Bifljops, their Chancellors and Commiffaries, Deans, Deans and Chapters, Archdeacons, and all other Ecclefiafiical Officers de- - pending on that Hierarchy, &c. But by whonjifcver it was framed, hisMajefty faw that it aimed at the fubverfion of the prefent Government. Therefore looking on it as adangerous combination againft himfelf, the ettabliflied Religion, and the Laws of this Kingdom, for the bringing in of Forreign Forces to fubvert them all (hnhDodiOV Heyliit) interdifted all his Subjc(5ls from impofing, or taking the fame, as they would anfwer the contrary at their perils. Which Proclamation bearing date on October g. came out too late to hinder the taking and enjoying of this Covenant , where the reftraint thereof had been moft neceffary : for it had been folemnly taken by all the Members of the Houfe of Commons, and the AfTem-- bly of Divines at St^ Margarets in Wejiminfter, on September 2^. and withiia two days afterit was Adminittred with no lefs folemnity to divers Lords, KnightS:, Gentlemen, Colonels, Officers, Souldiers, and others, refidinginandabout theCity of Zo;7r^o«5 a Sermon being Preached by Mr. Coleman, to juftifie the piety and legality of it: and finally enjoy- ned to betaken on the Sanday following, in all Churches and Chappeis of London, within the lines of Commuriication j as afterwards by all theKingdomin coiivenient linw.i Nofoonerwas this Covenant taken, but. to let the Scot J fee that, they were in earneft/ a further impeach- raeju. 336 -Xl)e ^iftoiVQf ment,confiftingof ten Articles, were prepared againft ttie Archbifliop of Canterbury. In the Affembly of Divines fofDC concurred not with the major part, .and were therefore ftiled, Dijfeming Brethren, Thefe men crave a To- leration to be indulged them. (who fince their return out of the Low- countries had fallen upon gathering cf Congregations in or about the City of London)' and they excufed for being' concluded by the votes of the Affembly. But the Presbyterians highly oppofed their Tolera- tio.T; they tax the diffenting Brethren for Singularity j and fome mo- ved their ejedion out of the Affembly, except in fome convenient time ihey would comply thercwith- Thc Diffenters feafonably prefented an Apologetical Narrative -to the Parliament;, ftiled by them, The mo ft f acred refuge or Afylum for wiftnken and misjudged innocence. Herein they petitioned pathetically for fome favour, whofe confcience could not joyn with the Affembly in all particulars, concluding with that pityful clofe. That they furfued no other Intereft or defign, hut afubfiftence (be it the ^ooreft and meane ft) tn their own land, as not knowing whsre elfe with fafety, health, and live ly^ htod to fet their feet on earth, and [abfcribed their names, Thomoi Goodwin. Sidrach Symfon. William Bridge. Philip Nye. feremiah Burroughs. Thefe Petitioners found fuch favour with fome potent perfons in Parliament, that they were fecured from farther Tn^ible, and after- wards grew able, not onely to ''/«'s. Hift. Treaty : fo that by an Ordinance of Lords and Commons he was ad- ? ^^^I^^^J^^ judged guilty of High Treafon, though at the paffing thereof in thepi^.113?' ^* Houfe of Peers, there were but feven prefent. In purfnance of fevcral meflagcs from the King for a Trea- ty , it was afTemed to by the Parliament, and at Vxbridge Com- fniffioners met for the King on one part, and for the Parliament of England, and the Parliament of Scotland on the other. Mafter Chrifiopher Love ("waiting on the Parliaments Commiffioners in a general Relation ) gave great offence to the Royalifts in his Sermon, fhewing the impoflibility of an agreement. With the Commiffioners on both fides certain Clergy-men were fent, in their prefence to debate the point of Churcb-governnienr. '■' For the King. For the Parliament. Sheldon. Steward. Doctor <^ Benjamin Laney. Mafter S ^'^^P^'^" Marfhal. Henry Hammond. ^ Richard yines. Henry Femtn Thefe, when the Commiffioners were at leafure from Civil affairs, were called to a conference before ihem. But this Treaty proved in- cffeftual. The King complained of what, came to pafs, the fruidefs end of this Treaty, that his Commiflioners offered fuU-meafured reafons, and the other Commiffioners haveduck rigidly to .thdr deaund*, &c. ';- ,nf,v liie'iK^ -The Treaty at Vxbridge ( faith he ) gave the faireft ho'^es of an happy chap, j 8. » Xx com- ^3 8 %\^t ^liXOlV of corapofure, had others applyed themfelvesto it with the fatne moderation as he did, he was confident the war had been ended. To return to the Affembly, the Monuments which they have left to pofterity of their meeting, are a new form of worlhip by the name of a Directory, Articles of Religion drawn up by them, and a double Ca- techifm, one the lefler, the other the greater. This Afl'embly dwindled away by degrees, though never legally :dif- folved. Many of them after the taking o? Oxford returning to iheir own Cures, and others living in hondon abfented chemfelves, as dilliking the managing of matters. Anno 1645. died Mr.fohn Dod , Z- fafflve JSon-conformifi , 29 Mt. Fuller calleth hira, a man much cfleemed among men of his own perfwafion, onf that loved not any one the worfe for difference in judge- ment about Ceremonies, but all the better for their unity of affedions in grace and goodnefs. He ufed to retrench fome hot fpirits when in- veighing againft Bi/hops, telling them how God under that Govern- ment had given a marvellous encreafe to the Gofpel, and that Godly men might comfortably corapWt therewith, under which Learning and Religion had fo manifeft an Improvement. He was an excellent Scholar, and an exquifite Heferician, whowith his Society and. direftions in one Vacation taught that Tongue unto Mr.fohn Gregory, that rare. Lin- guift, and Chu^hia of Chrifi-Church, who furvived him but one year, Mr. i)od was buried at Fanjly in Northamfton-Jhire. Sami£r[oni ' Noweomes ftrange news, DrJK»///<««jj:> Archbi/hop of TorJ^,. is no Mtfk.ofKing lefs fuddenly thaii ftrangelyMetamorphofed from a zealous Royalift ih* 'CjmrUsx to an aftive Parliamentarian : and defirous to make' his peace with the Parliament, he betakes himfelf to his houfe ztFurin neer Jtberconxeay in Wales, put a garrifon therein, and fortified the fame, protefting againft the Kings party, and diffwading the County from paying Contribu- tion to the King. And wrote to Cobnei ^Wj«o« (of the Parliament's party) to affift him againft the Lord Byron, who underftanding of his Revolt, had fent a party from Aber-conway to befiege him. At length he lays fiege to the Town andCaftle of Aber-conxvay, reduceth them to the Service of the Parliament,& much of the Town to his own poffeffion. Hereby he faved his eftate from Sequeftration. But .by his laft comply- ance he loft his old friends. at O;i:/or^, and in Lieu of them finding few new ones at Lonhn. He expended much on the repair of We fimnjfer- Ahby. church. And when preffed by Archbifliop 'Laud to a larger contribution to S.Paul's, heanfwered he veouldnotrab Feier to pay Paul. The Library of Weji- r/ihifier was the effeft of his bounty, and fo was a Chappel in Lincoln' Colledge m Oxford. At S.foltn'sin Cambridge he founded two fcUow- fliips,. built a fair Library, and furnifljed it with Books. To a grave MidSei: coming to him for Infticution in a living, be thus expreffed bimfelf,. tJ)C Ct)ttrCtJ of Great Britain, ^59 himfelf, / hitve f faith he J pajfed through many places of honour and trufi, both in Church and State^ more than any of my Order in England thefe feventy years before^ But mre I hut ajfured, that by my preaching J had but converted one foul to God, I Jhould take therein more fpiritual joy and comfort, than in all the Honours and Offices which have been be- ftowed »pon me. He died on March. 2$. 1649. Now I will prefent the Reader with a lift of the Principal Ordinances of the Lords and Commons which refpefted Church- matters, and to make this Hiftory the more entire, mull go a little backward in time. November 8. 1644, j4n Ordinance of the Lords and Commons in Parliament , for the payment of Tythes by every perfon within the Realm of England and Wales, December 13. 1644, jin Ordinance for the Ordination of J^inijiers pto tempore withi» the County of Lancafler, according to the Ordinance of the fecond ef Odober for the Ordination of Minifiers. April 12. 1645. An Ordinance for the ReguUting the Vniverfity of Cambritlge, and. for the removing of fcandalotfs Minifters in the feven AJfociated Counties. April 23 •- 1.445 ^i \^n Ordinance appointing Minifiers for certain Churches and Lc' Hnghrs A- iiitres, \iz. Philip Goodwin to be Vicar of the Church of Wndord bridgemenc in Hartfordfliire : and to receive to himfelf all Tythes, Ohlations,8cc. of ordinances -•-- •■ - - ofParlamcnt. thereunto belonging, during his life. And Dr. Cornelius Burgefs to have yearly allowance of four -hundred pounds paid unto him by the Lord Mayor of the City 0/ londpn, and the Court of Aldermen, to \be paid quarterly out ef the Houfes, Rents, Revenues of the Dean, Dean and Chapter of the Church pf S.Paul'^ for and during the term ff his life J he performing thel.efiures in the foiid Church, as by the Lords and Commons he was Ordered to do. Xx z April Part :. 340 __ _^?)^ ^^ft^l?_Of April a6. 1645; An Ordinance, that no ^erfon be prmitttd to Preach, who is not Or- dained a Minijier , either in this or fame other Reformed Church -^ except fuch as intending the Minifiry, Jhall h allowed for the trial of their gifts hy thofe xvho Jhall be appointed thereunto, ■■■■ . *iib;0 TTlfjio. Auguft 19. 1645; .l)ireEHens of the Lords and Commons (after advice hadmth the Af- fembly of Divines ) for the-ekiling and chnjing of Ruling Elders, in all the Congregations, And in the ClaJJlcal Affemblies for the Ci- ^ ■ ties of London »ent cf the feveral Counties c^Enghnd' arid Wilts, Jliall fend Primed books of the Dire^ory of Goits Worfhip fairly bound up in Leather to the Com- mittees of Parliament rejiding in the feveral Connties, who Jhall fend or canfe the fame to be delivered, to the feveral Mimfiers of every Parijl},8cc. ,---:.:: O^ober 20. 1645, Ah Ordinance of the Lords and Commons, together with Rules ^ ^d DireElions concerning fujpenfion frem the Sacrament of the Lords Supper-, in cafes of /gnoranei and Scandal. Alfo the names of fuch- Ad^inijiers and others, that are appointed Tryers and Judges cf the Ability of Eiders- in- the - tmhe^- Glares . within the Provifice cf January 7. i6^f. An Ordinance ftir making Covent-garden PhrochicaV: and that the new ere ^ed Church within the PreeinEh of the faid new intended Parijh Jljall be a Parijh-Church for the faid frecinEh, and that- "Williatn £rf»-/ 0/ Bedford, his Htirs and. Afignsfirr ever flinU liAVe tks Patronage of the faid Churchy &e; March. t\)Z Cl)ttrcl) of Great Britain. 341 March 14. 1645. An Ordinance for keefing ef fcandaleus Perfons from the Sacrament of. the Lord's SKpper, the enabling of the Congregation for the choyce of Elders, and fupf lying of defeEts in former Ordinances, and Dire- Sions ef Parliament concerning Church-government, June 5. 1646. jSft Ordinance for the prefent fetling (without further delay) of the Preshyterial government in the Church of En^ixvi. Auguft 28. i6'^6:. An Ordinance for the Ordination of Minifters by the Claffical Pref- byters vHthin their refpeBive hounds for the feverd Congregations ia. the Kingdom ef England. January 29. 1647. An Ordinance for the ffUf/ff dividing and fetling of the fever al Ceun" ties of this Kingdom into dtJiinEi Claffical Presbyteries, and Congre- gational Elderfiiips. February 9. 1647; An Ordinance for Reparation ef Churches^ . and . paying ef Chmxb=^ duties. April 3. 1648. ■An Ordimtnce for union ef Churches in the City of Giocefter, andz maintenance for Preaching Minifters there. . May z. 1648. An Ordinance far punijliing Blafphemies and Herefies, The King on April ly. 1646. In difguife went out of Oxford, at- . tended by Mr. John Afljburnham , and one more. On- May 6, Hit Majefty caoie to the Scots Army which occafloned the Scotch Comr miffioners to wrice to the Parliament about it. May 19. the 5t; n catr.e with the KJng.to New-CAfile. A-. A great difpute was between the King and Mr, Alexander Henderfon ,v,v;./r/9"'s sbout Church- matters, where after feveral Difcourfes and meetings, v^ift.cf^ing many writings pafTed between them till y'/z/y i6. concerning thefc mat- co.in-.s.^.9o\- £ej-5 [jy Aiithoricy of the Fathers, and Pradice of the Primitive Church. ' 'HisMajefty concludeth, that to him it is incredib'.e, that any cufiome of the Catholick Church be erroneous, which was not Contradtded by Orthodox Learned men in the times of their firll pradice, asiseafily perceived that thefe defedions were which Heyiderfon mentions. And fi- nally, that albeit He never efteemed any Authority equal to the Scrip- tures, yet he thinks the unanimous confent of the Fathers, and theUni- verfal praftice of the Primitive Church, to be the beft and Authentical Interpreters of God's word, and confequently the hiteft Judges between bim and Henderfon-, until better may be found. Thefe difputes were afterwards piiblifbcd in Print; lo the everlafting Honour of HisMa- jefty and his Caufe. On February 6. 1646. the Scef;, according to agreement, quiued New-caftle, and die EngUjl poffeffed ir. The Parliament voted the King's remove to Heldenby-honfe, with refped to the fafety of His Fer- fon. And the Comaiillioners appointed for receiving the Kings Perfon came to Nevrcafele-on June 2Z. The Kingdefireth two of his Chaplains to be with him, which was denied him, at which he is much troubled. His Majefty refolves to keep every Friday a|||ljiy of Solemn Fafting and Humiliation. After His Majelly had been neer five moneths at Holdenby, near a Thoufand Souldicrs commanded by Cornet Joyce came to "Holdenby to the King, and told him, that they were come by command from the Army to remove him from that place. HisMajefty demanded^ whether they would offer any violence to his Perfon. 'They all cried. None. He alfo defired, that bis Trunks and Papefs might not be Riffled and tumbled. They promifed to fet a guard on them. Thirdly, he re- quired fuch fervants to attend him, againft whom there was no juft ex- ceptions. They anfwered, he iliould. Laftly he defired, that nothing be impofed on him contrary to his Confcience. They anfwered, it was not their judgement to force any thing againft Confcience upon any one, much lefs on His Majeft^'. So at one of the Clock His Majefty went along with them. On 'June 28. 1647. His Majefty was brought to Hatfield, the Duke of Richmond attending him, and others : and from thence came to C.ifa?n. At this time the Parliament was jealous of the King and the Array, left they fliould treat without the confent of the Parliament. And the Army likewife devifed as many jealoufies and fears of a private engage- ment, and Subfaibing in the City of I, Wwjand againft the Army. ThentheParliaraentOrder their Votes of the Militia in the bandsof the ' tlje Cl)ttrcD of Great BritaTn. 343 the City to be Null, Sec. The Apprentices clamour at the Houfes, and gather together in Wefiminfter-hall in fuch multitudes, that the Com- mons were forced to unvote and null their laft Orders. Then the Army marcheth nearer London. Both Speakers and fome Members fly the Army. On Kitgufl: j. the General and the Army march in Triumph through the City. Sir ThomM Fairfax is made Con- ftable of the Tower: and Titchbhrn is made Lieutenant of the Tower. The King is brought firft to Oatelands, and afterward to Hampten-coHrt, and his Children Ordered to be with him. September 28. 1647. The Commons conlidered of fcveral Propofi- tions to fend to His Majefty, That about Religion being the main thing. They alfo Vote, that His Majefty be defired to give His confent to fuch Aft or Afts of Parliament, as fliall be prcfented for fctling of Presbyte- rian Government, according to the matter of feveral Ordinances of Parliament, for the Direftory, or Church-government to continue far the fpace of three years from the time that the King Hull give his con- fent to fuch Ads. They likewife voted the Common-prayer book fliall not be ufed in Private. November 11. 1647. the King efcaped from Hiiwffow-co^rf, and left on the Table three Papers, one to the Parliament, one to the Comraif- fioners , a third to Colonel Whaley. On Ofiober 15. Information was brought to the Houfe, that His Ma- jefty was fafe at the Ifle of Wight, and had put himfelf into the Protedi- on of Colonel Hammond, then Governour of the Ifland. Come we now to theChurch-part of the Treaty in the Ifle of Wight, Here appeared of tht Divines chofen by the King, fames Vjher, Arch- bifliop of Armagh^ Brian Duppa Bi(\\OTp o( Sar!im,Dr.Sheldon,Dr.Sander- fon, 'Di.Fern. On the other fide Mr.Stephen Adarjlull , M. Richard Vines^ Mx.Laz.ariis Seaman, and Mr.fofeph Caryl, were there prefent by appoint- ment of the Pailiament. All things were tranfafted in fcriptis. His Majefty confulted with his Chaplains when he pieafed. The King's writings were publickly read before all by MT.Philip SVanvick.-- and Mv.F'ines read the Papers of his Fellow-divines. As for the difference between Primitive Epifcopacy and prefent Hier- archy, urged by the Parliament Divines, his Majefty did not conceive, that the Additions granted by the favour of His Royal Progenitors for the enlarging the power and priviledges of Bifliops, did make the Go- vernment fubftantially to differ from what it was, no more than Arms and Ornaments make a Body really different from ir felf, when it was naked and devcfted of the fame. Whereas they befought His Mafefly to look rather to the Original than to the fuccefiion of Bifliops, he thought it •needful to look at both, the latter being the beft Clue in fuch intrinfick «afes cofind out the former. Laftly, he profeffed hitnfelf unfatisficd in 1, - ihek ^d^ ' "^l)^ ^iitmv of their anfwer, concerning the perpetual and unalterable fubftantials of Cburch-governmenc, as expeding from them a more particular Re- folution therein, than what he had received. Eleven days after the Parliament Divines put in their anfwer to his Majefties lift paper. Herein they affirmed, they faw not by what warrant the Writ of Parti- tion of the Apoftles Office was taken forth, that the Governing part iliould be in the hands of the Billiops, the Teaching and Sacraraentizing in the Presbyters. They alfo fiid that fome Fathers acknowledged, that Biihops were different from Presbyters oneiy in matter of Ordina- tion. They alfo returned, that His Majeliie's Definition of Epifco- pal Government, is estra'Sed oat of the Biihops of later date than Scfiptu:e-time?. The darknefi of the Hiftory of the Church in the times fucceeding f.^/fViChur. the Apoftles ( faid they) had an influence on the Catalogue makers, fiiii. who derived the Series of fucceflion of Biihops, taken much from Tra- dition and Reports. And it is a great blemilh of their evidence, that the nearer they come to the Apoftles times ( wherein thisfiiould be moft clear to eftablifli ihe fucceflion at thefirRj they aremoft doubtful and contrad;dory one to the other. - >. ' They granted, that a fucceffion of men to feed and govern thofe Churches, by Ecckfiaftical Writers in compliance with the Language of their own times, were called Bifliops, but not diftinft from Presby- iers. So that if fuch a fucceffion from the Primitive times. Seriatim were proved, they would either be found wore than Biftops, as Apoftles and extraordinary perfons; or lefs, as meerly firft Preibyters, not ha- ving the three Effentials of Epifcopal government infifted on by HisMa- jcfly. They humbly moved His Majefly, that the Regiments of Hu- mane teflimonies on both fides might be difcharged the field, and the point of difpute tried alone by dint of holy Scriptiu'e. They affirmed alfo, that the power of Epifcopacy under Chriftian and Pagan Princes is one and the fame, though the cxercife be not bur acknowledging the fubordination thereof to the Sovereign Power, with their accountablenefs to the Laws of the Land. They conclude with thanks to His Majeftie's Condefcenfion in vouchfafing them the Liberty and Honour in examining his Learned Reply, praying God, that a Pen in the Hand of fuch Abilities might ever be employed in a fubjeft worthy thereof Some dayes after His Majcfly returned His laft paper, wherein he not onely acknowledgeth the great pains of thefe Divines to inform his judgement , according to their perfwafions, but alfo took fpccial notice of their Civilities of the Application, both in the Begin- ning and Body of their fupply. However he told them, they miftook his meaning about a Writ of Partitie/i, as if His Ma/efty had Cantoned out the Epifcopal Government, one part to the Bi/hops, another to the Presbyterians alone : whereas his meaning was, that the Office Kber togive it to. the Prince. Then, faid He, I go from a Corruptible to ^.n Incorruptible Crown, where no di- fiurba'^ce can be, but peace and jay for evermore. Then lifting up his- eyes and hands to Heaven, having prayed fecretly , ftooping down to. the block, he received the fatal ftroak. On the Wtdnefday iennight af- ter. Lis Corps embalmed, and Coffined in Lead, was delivered to the care tl^eCljUrclj of Great BaiTAtN. 347 care of fomc of his Servants to be buried at V/indfor. That night they brought the Corps to Wind/or. The Vault being prepared, afcarffof Lead was provided, fome two foot long, and five inches broad, therein to make an Infcription, which was KING CHA RLES 1648. The Plummcr fouldred it to the CofRn , about the Breaft of the Corpfe. Then was the Corpfe brought to the Vault, being born by the Souldiers of the Garrifon : Over it a black Velvet Herfe-cloth , the flour Labels whereof the Duke of Richmond, the Marquefs of Hen- ford, the Earls of Sonth-hamfton, and Liridfey, did fupport. The Bifhop of i:,0K.^s ) and Sedaries. Soon after Colonel Ker, being defeated, was taken prifoner by Major General Lambert. Mr. Rh' th^rfordwvote dive]:i confohtory Letters to him during hisimprifonaisnt hotb in Scotland and in England. Edinbnrgh.C3.i]ik was furrendered, by Dimdajfc the Governor, Son in Law to old Leven-, upon conditions, unto Cromwel, on De.er/ber 24. 1.650. Shortly after all the Forts on this fide of Sterling were taken by the EnglilT). The King was folemnly Crowned at Scoone, near unto %l.lohnftons{x.\^izc(:\x^omzd place of the Coronation of the Kings ofi Scotland) his Coroaation being celebrated with loud Acclamations, Bonfires, flioo;ing off of Guns, and with as much pomp and Cere- mony as the prefent State of things would permit. About the beginning of ]me t!ie Parliament of 5c9'/,:zW ended, having Aclrfitjonto- - before their diffolution given targe Co,mmiffions and Infiru-Hon, for the Sn- ;"/V.Bj^,r> /, prefling of men in all parts of th; Kingdom beyond Fife, and in iheArom . Wellern parts for a new Army, which was to conli.l of 15000 Foot, and 3 coo Horfe and Dragoons. The»'< 1^2 X!je x^i^otf of Then was che intended rifing in Lancajinre unfortunately difapointed, Anno 165 i."i}y the taking cf a Ship at Ayx in Scotland, which had been boui.d to the Earl of Darby An the 'i^io^ Man, and thefeizing of Mr. Ecrkinhead an Agent in the bufinefs, by whofe Letters aU was de- tected ; and thereupon were apprehended Mr. Thomas Cook^oi Grays-Inn, Mr. Gibbons a Tailor, and Mr. Potter an Apothecary, together with Mr. Chriftopker Love, Mr. William fenkin, Mr. Thor,afCafe, Dr. Roger Drake , and fome other Presbyterial Minifters , who were brought before a High Court of Juftice, and tried for their lives , and about the latter end of July, Potter , Gibbons, and Mr. Love , were fentenced to death ; and a while after. Gibbons and Love were exe- cuted. After the defeat of Sir john Brcvrn by Larr.ha-t, and the taking of Brum-JJlavd and I/Khgarvy-Cafile by the Englilli •, Crov^wcl refolved to ktvpon St. Jch» ft o::'s, which after one days fiege he gained. Here- upon the King leaves Scotlavd, and enters England with his Artny by the way of Carlile, on jiugufl 6. 1651. At his firft entrance upon Englilli ground he was Proclaimed King uf Geat Britdn, at the Head of the Aimy, with great Acclamations, and fbooting off the Canons, on Augufiz'i.. he came to IVorcefier. The Earl of Darby coming with Forces to the King, was routed by Colonel Lilbum. Cromvcel having with the conjunction of the Militia of divers Counties, drawn together an Army of fifty thoufand meii , furroundeth the City of Horcefler, Duke Hamilten ( who behaved himfelf with undaunted courage ) re- ceived a fliot on his thigh, whereof prefently after he died. The King's Array being over-powred, they were forced to retreat into the City, and many of Cremwel's Army got in with them. About feven at night the C?=9wvrf/?j<»«/ gained the Fort Royal, at which time his Majefty left the City, paffing out at St. yMartins gate , accompanied with about Sixty Horfe of the chiefeft of hii Retinue. The Town was taken , and miferably plundered. There were flain in the Field, in the Town, and in Purfuit fome two tboufand; and about eight thoufand were taken prifoners in feveral places; moft of the Englifli common men efcaping by their Shibboleth. But at Newport there were taken in the purfuit, the Earls of Lauderdale, Rothes, Carnworth, Darby, Cleveland, Shrewsbury ^ the Lord Spyne , Sir John Takington, Sir Ralph Clare, Sir Charles Cunningham, Colonel Graves, Mr. Richard Fanfliaw, Secretary to the King, and many others : Six Colonels of Horfe, eight Lieutennant Colonels of Foot, fix Majors of Horfe, thirteen Majors of Foot , thirty fevcn Captains of Horfe, feventy two Captains of Foot, fifty five Quarter-mafters, eighty nine Lieutenants. There were taken alfo fome general Officers with feventy lis Cornets of Horfe , ninety nine Enfignes of Foot, ninety Quarter^ mafters, eighty of the King's Servants, with the King's Standard, which he ti)e Cl)tttCl) of Great Britain. ^q lie bad fet up when he fumraoned the Councrey, the King's Coach and Horfes, and Collar of 5 5. but the King's perfon God wonderfully prefervcd, delivering him from the Hand of all his Enemies, and after many difficulties he is fafely tranfporred, from 5r«^/;f-^f/wy?*» in SnjJ}x\ into France, by TatterfaU. Cromvael comes with his prifoners to London, and having left Lieuten- nant General Monk^ in Scotland, Sterling with the Caftle was furren- drcd unto him, and Dundee was taken by Storm j and foon after St. An- drewsy Aberdeen, with other Towns, Caftles, and Strong places^ either voluntarily fubmitced, or rendred upon fummons. ' The Earl of Darby was beheaded at Bolton in Lancaftjire. The liles of Man and ferfey-, &c. are furrendred to the Parliament. The Ille of Barbadoes is yielded up to Sir George A/cough. Now the Parliament of £w^/(j»d! rcfolves upon an union of England znd Scotland, and an in- corporating of both Nations into one Common-wealth. This was much oppofed and rcmonftrated againft by the Scotch Kirk^, but in vain. Anno 1652. began the War with Holland: An A A was pafled, en- titled. An AH: again fl unlicenfedandfcandalotu Books andPaviphlets, and for the better regulating of Printing. Anno 1653. The Officers of the Army confult about change of Government : on Afril 20. Cromwel , Lambert , Harifon , and eight Officers more of the Army, entred the Houfe of Commons, and after a (hort fpcech made by Cromxve!, fliewing fome reafons for the neceflity of their diflblution, he declared them diflblved, and required them to depart : but the Speaker would not leave the Chair till Harifon pulled him out by the Arm. Then Crowwf/ commanded the Mace to be taken away, and no more to be carried before him. Then they caufed the doors of the Parliament Houfe to be locked up, and placed a Guard thereon to prevent the reaflembling cf the Members. The firft thing done after this change, was to conftitute a Council of State of the chief Officers of the Army. Thefe agreed upon the feve- ral pcrfons all over England to form a new Reprefenrarive, and a lum- mons was fent toevery one of them in the name o( Oliver Cromwel, Cap- tain General of all the Forces, &c. to take upon them the ti uU to which they werefummoned, and to meet at Whitehall, on "July 5. Thefe affem- bled at the time appointed, and went to the Parliament Houfe, and chofe Mr. Reufe ( made by the late Parliament Provoft of Eaion ) to be their fpcaker. This moik-Pailiament, called by fome the little Pailiament, aimed at the newmodeUing both of Magiftracy and Miniflry : but the Mini- jftry and the maintenance thereof by Tithes, they arraigned as an Anti- chriftian Conftitution. Having paffed an AAab uc Maniages.Biithf, md Burials, on December 12. Ronfe the Speaker told the Houfe, Th.it their Z z /i'r:!g 554 %htl^i^oivot ftiing\viis fjo lo?!glr neceJfAry ; and prefently went out of the Houfe with the Mace before him, and (many otbei-s following him) he came to white-hall, and there refigned to CromrfcH the Inftrument by him for- merly delivered to them at their foft feting. . • • About four dayes after the Officers of the Army had prepared an In- fi*tfinent, o'ir.-Syftenie ^f ■^overnmeiiir, on'which the foundation of a new DoniinioT) was to be^erefted, and they entreated Olrver Cremveell to accept of the Government lender the Title o^ ProteEior of the Common- wealth of England, Scotland, «W Ireland. He accepted it, and was that day, at one of the clock in the afternoon, Inftalled at Wejiminjin. The ProfedVor's Council being chofen and eftablilLed, he makes a peace with the jD«fcfcj and vfith -the Queen of -Swj^««j S^in, PortHgal, and France, feekCrowtyf/'sffkndfliip. -^V. ■;!?. As to the ftate of Religion at this time in E-ngland, one thus defcribes ir. TUedliim or T'tieOnhodox Proteflants Wrevtholly fKffrejfed-, and yet fome Reverend the life and ferfons, as Do£lor \l\her , Archbifhop of Armzgh, a-ridDoSer Btowmigg,^ death of o.c. the BifliOf .of ErXeter, re-ceivcd forne fljews of refpcci and reverence from p. J 44. f^g Protector, which he more manifefily diclsrred afterwardin the-Euneral- expence of the Learned Archbifliop Uflier, and this to captate a reputation 9/ his love t« Scholars, andthe metfi^j mode Ft, andvertuom Clergy. - The Presbyterian iv^^f rather tolerated than conntenanced, And yet fuch of them as would comply with his Court-greatnefs became his Favotirites, for '■■others of therrt he cartd not,, pleajingly expr effing himfelf , hovif he had brought under the pride and arrogance of that Se3, mxki^g thofe thatvfohid allow no liberty to others, to fUe for it tbemfelves. ■'..:... The Independents, fin, r^ff Anabaptift C whom he had taken out of defign intohis favour with the party) at varia>?ce\vith Peak, to the raffing of a f&wd between them; the ballance of his fecurity in the Gov rnrnent. The like he did between the Presbyterian ^/7^f/3f Independent, a fttbdivided Schifm from the Church of England, as the other 1vere fromlndependency . Arfditwasobferved, that in moft great Towns and Cities in England, he placed an Independant Minister^ and a Presbyterian together, that the one might balUnce the siher. TheffiV^of Scotland it this time bad the wings of her Authority ve- -ry much clipped, if not quice taken away by the diffolution of the Gene- ral Affembly, which was 'done by Colonel Morganzt Aberdeen, wheue rbey were affembled ; Mr. Andrew Cant, ^.n^i the reft of thenj: in vain protefting tije C!)UtC!) of Great Britain. 355 protefting againfl the Adion. The likie difturtance they had afterJ ~ Wirdszt Edenbitrgh from Lientemm Colonel Cotterel. The Marquefs of Argyle, to keep up his Reputation with the Church of Scstland, feemed much troubled at this proceeding againfl: the AfTem- bJies, and interceded with the Proteftor for the liberty of the Church, wherein he had good fuccels : and the Church of Scotland was indulged with the.exercife of Religion/ and a great part of their Jurifdidion and Difciplinc. They were retrained in little more than the power of keep- ing General Aflemblies ( their Presbyteries being permitted to convene) and the rigour of Excommunication ; for whereas before perfons excom- municated were not only excluded from the communion of the Kirl{_ , but had all their Eftates confifcated till their reconciliation This latter part was not now to be executed ; but to pleafe the Minifters for the re- ftraint of their power , the maintenance of Scholars in Universities of Scotland was encrealed , and many priviledges were granted to them. The Government and fecurity of the Kingdom of Irelandwsisihenext' care of the Proteftor, and his Son-in-law, Lieutenant General Fleetwood, K made Deputy of Ireland. About this time an Ordinance waspubliflied for the Trial and Appro- H/,'g;,^i A-> bation of Minifters , wherein Dodor Thomas Goodvfyn , Philip Nye, bridgement Hugh Peters, Mv. Manton and divers others were named Commiflio- of ^H Afts ners. It was ordained. That every perfon who (hould after March 2?. ^ j-^" l'*;^ , r I ■ 1 I r J n r < , Ordinances. 1654. beprejentea, nommated, chojen, or appointed to any Benepce { cat- p^yf^ 2. led a Benefice with citre of Souls') or te preach any publicly LeBiire in Eng- land or Wales, flmuld before he be admitted to fuch Benefice or LeBiire, be adjudged and approved of by the Perfons forenamed, to be a Perfon for the Grace of God in hint, hii holy and imblameable Converfntion, and alfo for his knowledge and utterance, Able and fit to preach the Gojhel. And that after the faid twenty five of March , no perfon, but fuch as (hould upon fftch approbation-be admitted by the faidperfons',- Jhould take atiypublick. Lc- flure, having a jiipend legally annexed therennto, or take or receive any fuch Benefice as aferefaid, or the p'ofitstherevf. -^.tic. tr;.> , .• On Jicnc the twenty third following, by the Protedor,with the advice of hi j Council, it was further ordained. That in cafe any perfon , who fincc April the firfi, 1653. hath'becn fr'ol'cd inany public^ Bem'fiee orpMick Le£inre, flioidd not before thsftvinty fourth pf'ynni, 1654. obtain appro- bat ion and admittance in manhtr 'as i'n. the f aid.' Ordinance is ■cxprcjfed, that then the perfon, or perfons, who have right thereunto, fijanlddnd rriigbt pre- fent and noriinate fame other fit perfon to that pLice. ' It was ordained alfo, Thnt tho faidCoyKmifioncri in that Qr(iin.r,:cc be ainhi'riz.edto give- approbation and ad^ttiince to any p^fon concernhiin tiai ■'*^ Z z 2 chiufe 3s^ %i)t^i^mvf^f clanfe of the f aid O-rdinoKC&i] at any t^me before, the twenty third d.ty of Ju- ly, 1654. and t h.it in tbe^ T^(m tiipe. no ferfon Jooftld prffe/H , er no fjiiiate, any ferfmto any Benefa. or fiihlick^ LftJure; in the place, of any fach ferfon, for the want of fnch approbation by the time afonfaid, ■ But if fueh approbation and admittance (i:oHld net he by.t e faid twenty third of July ob- tained by ihe faid perfens -therein joncernedy then fuch perfon, or perfons, as have right thereHnto;- miifn prejmt./yr.^uomnatefome pthrr fit perfon to fuch place, according tothe-f^iiOrdin'ance-i~-,Jir)i AugHJi the fixteenchj 1654. an Ordinanre was paffcd againft ignaranc. and fcandalous Miniftersjn all the refpeftive Counties within EnglandinA- Wales: in which it was declared. 1. That fnch Minifiers, and Scholars, fhould be accounted fcanddoui- in their lives, as Jlmuld be proved guilty for holding fuch hlajpemoiu and- jitheifiical Opinions, of.are punifluihle by an ^£itf Parliament., entitled^ An Ad: againft feveiaT Atheiftical, Blafphemous, and Execrable Opinio ons, derogatory to the Honour of God, and deftraftive to Hiinnianc focie- ty :. or guilty of curfing, fwearing, or fubomation of perjury .. 2 . Such as hold, or teach any of thofe Popifli opinions, required in the Oath. of abjuration, to be abjU-^edx or be guilty of adultery, fornication, drun- kennefs, &c. carding, dici^ig, profaning of the Lerd's day, or alLoVf the fame in their Families.. 3. Such as have publickiy, and frequently received and ufed the Com" mon-prayer-booh^^ fmce the firfi of January lafi, or fii.ill at any time here-. after do the fame. 4. Such, as do encoJtrage, or countenance, ^y VS0f4.'.'fi^v$'^^^i'f?iX^Wi Whitfun-ales,. Wakes, Morrii^dances, May-poles .\\.\.. ^\ .^^ > ',-, ...^ p, 5. Such as have declared, or fhall declare, kywriting, preaching, .or ^ tuherwife, their difaffeStion to the Government., 6. Such Minifters were take accounted negligent, as omit the publick^ Exercifes of Preaching, and Praying, on the Lords-day (not being hin- dered by neceffary ahfence,. or infirmity of JJcknefs ) or that are or fljaUbe non-re fident., 7. Such School-majl'ers fhould he accountednegUgent, as abfent them?.- felves from their Schools, and do. wilfully Negje[h their duties in teaching their Scholars.. 8. Such Minifiersi and School-maji,ers, fhould be accounted, ignorant i. and infuse lent, as (hot*ld be fo declared, .and adjudged^ by the faid Co ti- miffieuers, .five or more of , them, together with pve, or more, of the Mini- fiers particularly named in the Ordinance for the fever al and rejpeiitve. ^owniesof Exigjand^w^, Wales, A^ifiantstothe faid Commiffioners. ■ Aitguf}ths thirtieth, 1654. It was ordainediT^^fStV Hugh Owen Bar fstiet,, and, divers oth^rferfor/s^partieHlarly named in the Ordinance for aH the t!)e CljtttCl) of Great Britain. 557 the feveral Counties in the Do-ni^ion ef Wales, he Commijfteners in their Jeverallimits7 and that the faidCoKfKtjftonerj, or any three of them, there- in are ttuthorized by thiir Warrants under their hands and feals to call be- fore them nil fiicl^perfons, who by authority and colour of an A[l of Par- Uament^^ade Tchrairy the twenty fccond> 1649. entitled [^AnAdforthe better Propagation, and Preaching of the Gofpel in Wales, &c. ~\ have intermedled in the receiving, keeping, And difpojfing the [aid rents, ijfuesj and profits of all or any of the Renories, Vicarages, portion of Tenths, and other Ecclefiafiical livings. Impropriations, and Glebe-land^ within the faid Counties: andtogiveatrueandperfefl account upon Oath (which Oath theCommiffionersareimpowredto adminifier ) of all Juch rents , ijfues, and profits, which they, or any of them, have received. And if an\ of them jhall refufe to give a true account, to commit him, or them, forefufing to the Gaol of the County, th:re to remain, till they conform themfelves. The^ moneys found in their hands to be paid into the hands of fuch Treafurer as ■ the rejpeflive Commiffioners fiiould nominate and adjoint for that jurpofe : Vfhich Treafurer jhould within three months ^ay in the fame into the Exche- quer . Se;tembertbe fccond,i654.Tt wzs ordained, That the Ordinance, em it led} , An Ordinance for bringing in the publick Revenue of this Common- wealth into one Treafury, to be paid into the Receipt of the Exchequer ;, nor any thing therein contained, Jhall extend, or be confirued to extend to any the Rents, Profits, or Revenuei, by Acts of Parliament, of Reel ories im- propriate, appropriate Tythes, &c. orany of th$m fetledin the Trufieefs in the faid ABs named, ; . That all and every the ReBories, Impropriations, Tithes appropriate, Do-.- natives .Oblations ,Obventions ,Eirft-fruits , Tenths , Penfions, Portions ofTiths. bythefaidrecitedAEtsvefiedinthe Truflees, and not extofed to fale by an AQ., entitled, (]An Ad for the fale of Mannors, of Redories, and. Glebe-lands, belonging, to Archbifhops, Bifhops, Deans, Deans and. Chapters] pall, from henceforth be fetled in the pojjeffion and feizin ef W-. Steele, Ser-jeant.at.Law, and other perfons-particularly named in the Ordinance, S^urvivor and Survivor j of them, and their Heirs, totheufes, andupon the-Trufis in-the faid ABs expreffed, &c. That they fhall fue for, recover, colleB, and gather the Rents, Ijfues^^ and Profits thereof as Owners inTrufi, and manage the Revenut i 1 futh.^ vaay and manner aj Jhall be mofi advamageoin for the currying on of this. (ervice. . That the faid Truiees fhxll have power to make uniois of two Parifiies, . or more, into one, and the whole EcelefiAfiical Revenues, Tithes, and Pro- - fits belonging to- the faid Parifiies fo united, to be fupplied for- a. proviftot- for one godly and painful Alinifier, to preach in fuch of the faid Parijh s finarge, where fiuhmion pall be made, .asthe faid Trufiees pall .^udig€T ftnvenient. T/'f j- X^lje l^ifto^.^ Df The [aid Tmftees alfo (hall appoint, where the meeting of both the faid Tarjjlns, forthe worpip of God, fiiaUbe, &cc. The faid Tmftees alfo fhall have power to fever and divide Parifljes, where they fiall conceive it 7ieedftil, and fix fuch m^.ititentifjce out of the profits of the faid Church, fo to be divided, m they fijall thinks fit, to be approved of by the Parliament, and in the Intervals of Parliament by tin Froteaor and his Council, Sec. This year died chat famous and learned Ahtkjuary, Mr. fohnSeUen, and was buried in the Inner'Temple Church in London. Addition to Anno\6^%. the Duke oi Savoys Souldiers having committed many i'uKich.B^- cruel outrages upon the Proteftants in Piedr/JO'^t, Crornwel took this occa- >fc.)-sChron. fion to ingratiate himfelf with the Proteftants abroad, and appointing a. folemn day of Humiliation ro be kept, hecaufed a large contribution to be gathered for them throughout the Nation, and fent his Agents abroad to mediate for them. Alderman ri'^rr and Pack were made Treafurers for this Money, which amounted to a very large fum: but how much came to the hands of thofe for whom it was pretended to be colleded, I know not. The French King accommodated the bufinefs, the Duke of 5<2w_)/ refufing to admit Cromwel's mediation. Upon the tendring of certain Propofals, to the Proteftor, by Manaf- feh Ben-IfraeU a Jewilh Merchant, in the behalf of his Hebrew Nation, for their freeadmiflion to Trade, and exercife of their Religion in Eng- land, a Conference was held about it, feveral dayes at White-hall, by the Members of the Council, and certain Divines of the greateft note among them : and many Arguments being urged pro and con, thofcagainft their admiflion fo far prevailed, that the Propofals took no effeft. Mr. Prynne wrote a Book, at the fame time, againft their admiflion. Then was an Ordinance made by the Protedor, with the advice of his Council, for the Relief of Minifters put into fequeftred Livings, againft Moleftations, and Suits, by Parfons fequeftred and ejefted. On September the fcventeeth, 1656.3 Parliament affembled at Wefimin- fler, and chofe for their Speaker Sir Thomas \Viddringtoi. Now The Humble Petition and yidvicewzs framed^ which was a Module of Go- vernment , with which they feveral times waited on tbe Proteftor at white- hall, to defire him to take the chief Government of the Nations upon him, with the Title of King ; of which the power he already had ; the name only he wanted. Hefinding his Officers averfe to it,- at laft returned anfwer. That be could not takf the Government itPtnhim rvith-that Title. ■ ' .■'■■■ Now was James Nailor, -tbe great Ring-leader of the Seft called Quakers, brought to his Trial, who having fpread his Doftrine, and gained many Profelites to it in divers pans of the Nation, was more efpecially taken notice" of it^£,v«-fri Wdlsy sind Bri]hl , iitid ffoar" BrifM* tl)CCl)UtCl) of Great Britain. ' 35^9 £rifiol was brought up to London, attended by fevera! Men and Women of hiiOpinion, who all.the way they came ftrewed Gloves and Hand- kerchiefs in his way, and fang Hofan»ah's to him, and (blafphemoufly) are faid to have ufed the fame kind of exprellions toward him, as anci- ently the people of the Jews did to our Saviour, when he rode in tri- umph to ferufalem. Nailor being convented before the Parliament, was charged of Biafphemy, for affuming to himfelf Divine honours, and fuch Attributes as were due to Chrift only. He was fentenced by the Houfetobe {fir:^ z.t London) publickly whipt, pillored, and ftigma- tized, and bored through the Tongue with a red hot Iron, as a Blafphe- mer : then to be conveyed to Brijiol, there to be alfo whipt ; laltly, to be brought back to London, to remain in Bridewel dming pleafure • which Sentence was inflided upon him. At this time the viperous brood of Sefts, and HereHes, fwarmed - through all parts of the Nation. Then the Ranters began to mukiply, and the Socinians, who denied the Divinity of Chrift ; and one Middle was infamous for thefe Opinions ; and £^-^«r}', formerly a Minifter in Car- diff in Wales, degenerated unto Ranting. The Compiler of this Treatife once heard this Erbnry fpeak in a pub- Jick Congregation, nt^r Bathm Sommcrfet-fljire, of a threefold Dilpen- fation of God to his Church and People. There ha' h been (faid he) a - twofold difcovery of God tohii Feople, or a two-fold Dijpenfadon, namely, the Dtjpenfation of the Law and the Gojpsl, and G>d ctifcovered himfelf to his People in both Diffenfations diverfly, ZJndirthe Law God di [covered .himfelf to his people tn a way of fetir : therefore God was cMled the great and fear fid God, and the delivery of the Law to Mofes waiin a fearful manner. Now when the Apjile fpea!^s of the Ai^inta his hands, jLoc^rf his Kinfman, and General of the Englilh Forces, being made Governor thereof. InAugufl. 1658. the Protedor was taken fick at //^w/)f««-co««, ha- ving not been well in mind fome time before (troubled with the laftdi- ftraded words of his beloved Daughter C/f)ij9o/e, whodicd on the fixth day of AugHJi ) which went near to his heart. After; a weeks time his Difftife began to (hew very defperate fymptomes : wherefpre he was re- moved to White-hall, where his Chaplains kept Fafts for his recovery ; but having declared his Son RicharAhis Succeflbr, he died on FriJay, September the third, at three of the Clock inihe Afternoon. The deceafed Protedor's Will, concerning Iiis Succeflbr, being im- parted to the Council, and chief Officersof the Army, they all qonfenc , A a d ' • • ^^ 3^i co'th^ eleftionof his Son Richard, znixhe Prefident, and whole Council wfent "At once to congratulact him, and to condole his Fathers death. Then was he prodainaed by the City of London, and chief Officers of the Army. After the Proclamation , the Lord Mayor prefented his Sword to him, which he prefcmly returned : and after fomc Ceremo- nies pafled, (the Council, and many Officers of the State, and of the Army bei-ng prefent ) NdthknaelFiennes, one of the Commiffioners of the Great Seal, adminiflreid'anGath unto him. A Gentleman was fent \\\to Ireland, who was chief Governor of that Kingdoms to acquaint //e«rc Crewwe// with the prefent pofture of Af- fairs in England: zad/Wlr.Thopias C Urges vras fenc into Scotland, t/#_^e', are or- dered with their' Regiments to guard the H^iife, . Bnt tt)e CljUrcl) of Great Britain. 565 But Lamberty with the Regiments that adhere to hini;, flop the paffages to the Parliament Houfe, and having enforced the Speaker to return, they diffolve the Remnant Parliament, by hindring tlie Menabersfrom coming into the Houfe. The next day divers of the chief Officers of the Army met at: White- hall, and chofe ten Army-Officers to be managers of the State Affairs pro tempore. They agree, that Fleetwood fliould be Commander in chief of all the Armies, and that L imben Ihould be the next chief Officer un- der him, and Colonel i?«^orow CommifTary General of the Horfe ; and that all the Officers to be conftituted in the Army, (hould be nominated by Sir Henry Vane, Fleetwood, Lambert, Desborow, Ludlow-, and Berry. They djfpatch Colonel Cobbet to General Monk, with a large Narrative of the Reafons of their proceedings. Now was Mr. Armorer fent by the Lord Mordant to the King, to in- form him how matters weut in England. The Council of Officers con- fult about a frame of Government. They nominate twenty three per- fons to take upon them the Government, under the Title of The Com- mittee of Safety J, and they invite thcmto fit, giving thera Powers and Inftrudions. General Mon)^ writes to Fleetwood, and Lambert , complaining of their violation of Faith to the Parliament, declaring his refolution tO' endeayuor toreftore thera to their power, againft all oppofltion what- ipeyer. ,. Mr. Clarges is difpatched away into Scotland by the Grandees of the Army, together with Colonel Talbot, to foUicit General Monk,to a Treaty. Alonlc keeps in all the difplaced Officers in their refpedivc' Commands, which caufeth them to adhere unto him, and removes thofe whom himfelf diftrufleth. He fignifies his refolution to fevcral of h's Officers to march into £?;^/4wrs of the Churches (for fo upon every occafion he called the Independent ipec-ch in die Congregations.) That the Churches had not given them Commiffion to "^"^^ °'^ ''"^ enter into the merits of the caufe, nor to debate whether Lambert's ^"/''^Pf""'^'"' A<9:ion of turning out the Parliament were Juftifiable or not, but onely toprefentit to his Lordfliip, as their opinion. That though that A<3ion could not be juftified, yet his Lordlhip had not a call to appear againft it in that manner that he then did, Tha: hii Lordlhip had onely in charge to keep Scotland in quiet, and was not bound to take notice of any differences in England. He proceeded to fliow reafons why the- General (hould proceed no further, telling him, that it would put a ftrife among thofe that hitherco had been Brethren engaged all along in the fame caufe, partakers in the fame dangers, and the fame fue- cefTes, among thofe that ftill in their Papers and all their Addreffes, called and owned one another for Brethren • and that at a very unfeafon-- able time, whilft the Canaanites and Perizzites were in the Land. He infilled on all the advantages the King and his Party would reap by •;his quarrel, and all the dangers the people of God (for fo he called his own party j might run into. At laft he told the General, that what Inconveniences foever (hould happen would be laid at his door, in regard he would appear to have been the beginner of the War. At this the General interrupted him, Ihewing that the war wa^ al- ready begun by Lfswir^-f and his party, who had offered violeic to thofe from whom they had all received their Commiffion? :' .not fparing largely to lay open their reftlefs Inftability, which would notfuffei the three nations to enjoy any fetled Government at all, but kept them in a perpetual circumvolution, till they were in danger to be brought to ut- ter ruine ; and Declaring, That if they continued in that com Ic, he was refolvcd to oppofe them to the uttermoft, and would ( to repeat his own words ) lay them on their backs,. The Treaty ended between the Commillioners of the two Armies, whocame to %n agreement, which confided of nine Articles, on Nov:wi.. 15. 1659. But General yl/o»l<^ confulrs how he might, with t!ie moft : handfome pretence,refufe his Affent tothefe Articles. Andit was pro- pofed by T>v. Barf eve., and agreed toby the General and the reil. That they fhould not- declare a politive diffent to what their Commiffioners had d The General excufech hisilate proceedings in the City before the Loid Mayor and Common Council of the City. He tells them what he had writteii to the Houfe touching a free Parliament : The City joyfully rc- ceivesthe news of a free Parliament. The Council of State write to him to delire his prefencc with them: but he excufeth his ftay in the City for fome longer time, till the minds of the Citizens were more compofed. The City, and Chief Officers of his Army dilTwade him from going to White-hall. The General is folli- cited from all parts to admit the feduded Members. He admits of a con- ference before him, of the fitting with fome of the feduded Members. The Officers of the Army confcnt tO the admifsion of the feduded Mem- bers upon certain conditions: The. General and the Officers at length agree upon their admifsion: and on the Tuefday morning following they were guarded to the Houfe, and took their placei in the Parlia- ment. Then was a letter figned by the General and his Chief Officers drawn up, and Copies of itfent to all the Regiments and Garrifons in England, and to the Commanders in Chief of the Armies in England, Scotland, iwd /rf/'•' Lambert efcape's out of the Tower. Colonel Ingeldsby and Colonel Streater march againft Lambert, defeat his party, and take him pri- foner.. Colonel Lumbers, Colonel Cobbet, and Major Creed, arc fenr prifQpqjs. to. the Tower. Hereupon feveral feditious Pamphlets were pubiiilied ill Print, and difperfed to deprave the mirides of the peopk;, :;jTd;Ti^ilecs; were thrown into the Courts of Guard- in the night' to di- vide thp Souldiers. But none of them was penned with more viruleney an>i malice, than that fuppofitious paper, carrying in it's Frontifpiece, ji letter from Bruxels, &c. Several letters were alfofcnt to the' General' fxom unknown hands. Then came forth a Declapation of the NobiMty andGenfry that, adhered to. the late King, refidfing in and aboui' tb# ^itfoiLandon.. "> . ' ' A new Parliament met at Wefiminfler, j^ril 25,' 1660. The Lords^ chole the Earl, of JJ ^iu ., The Officers of. the ArmyprefcnE an Addrefs to the; Geheral in com-- ptiance vviih His Maje'lie's Letter and Declaration : it is read by the Co.Enmons, and approved, Commiffery Clarges is appointed; bj' the General to wait upon. the King, with this Addrefs. Six of the Lords and of the Commons, and divers Aldermen, and divers Epifeopal and Pfcsbyterial Divines, and fome other eminent Citizens arc fent to attend on his Majefty at 5rf<;/?, and, all. judgements Of difcharge, or jQ«»^ etus ejf thereupon had. ' This Exception as to the Churches in 1F«&/, was inferted By tbePar-- liaraent in this Ad, upon information, that fome fadious people had, in the time of the late ufurpation, procured to themfelves an Authority; tg Sequefter all thofe Revenues, upon pretence to employ them more equally to illiterate Preachers, for the better propagation oftheGofpel" in thofe parts, but kept the greateft pan to their own ufe, leaving" moft of the Churches unfupplied. All offences alfp done by any PopifliPrieft, Seminary, or Jefaite,con* irary to the Statute of the 27 Eliz.. were excepted. Many of the late. King's judges were excepted, from pardon. AU, Trufteesin a pretended Ad made.^?;o 1649. concerjiing Tithes ap- j>rppriate Fee-farm rents^, and Eirftrfruits, (^c. and their.hcirs, were.; tJeCljUrcl) of Great Britain. 375 tobeaccomptableforfuchof thefameasliad not been employed accord^ ing to the faid Ad : nevcrthelefs, no Minifter or School-mafter, or other pcrfon,for whofe benefit the faid Aft was made, were to be accomptable. The King on September 13. 1660. came to the Honfe of Lords, and (igned fourteen private, and eight publick Ads, among which one was an Aft for the Confirming and Rcftoring of Miniftcrs. This Aft ftopt the clamours of many Ecclefiaftical Perfons chat had defeftive titles to their Cures: and the goodnefs of His Majefty was very much cele- brated by His confent to it. It enafts. That every Ecclcfiaftical Per- fon, or Minifter, ordained by any Ecclcfiaftical Perfons before the; twenty fifth of December laft pad, and was then in poffcftion, and, re^ eeived the profits, being in the King's gift, or of His Father, or of. any Archbifliop, Bifliop, Dean and Chapter, Prebend, Archdeacon. Body Politick or Corporate, or other Perfon, other thanfuch hereby, reftored, is declared lawful Incumbent. Every Voluntary Refignation of a Benefice to the Patron,, or any Pretended Power fince the faid firft day of January, co be good, asj^ made to the Competent Ordinary. .^ 'No prefentation is to be conftrued" to be an ufurpation in Law,.tQ' the prejudice of any that fhall have right to prefent. Every Ecclcfiaftical Perfon formerly Sequeftred or ejeded after law- ful prefentation and reception of the profits, that hath not fubfcribcd: any petition to bring the late King^to Trial j or by any Aft endeavour- ed or juftified the murther of the faid King, or declared his Judgement, againft Infant-baptifm, by Preaching, Writing, Printing, pr conftant. tefufal to Baptize, fliall be reftored to the poffeffion thereof,, at or be- fore the twenty fif^ih day of December next enfuingj and every Ecde- fiaftical' perfon to be removed, may enjoy the profits to that day. On' X)ec£w^?r 29. following, on. which day the Parliament was diffol- ved, 32 Afts nrorewere palled by the King. Among which one was, an Aft fotConfirmationofMarriagesduring the timeof the late Ufur~ pations. Another was for making the Vt&c\nd:oi Cavent-garden Paro- chial. And an Aftforthedifappropriatingof the Reftory appropriate, of Prefion, and uniting and confoHdating of the faid Reftory, and of the : Vicarage of the Church of Pre/fo«, and for the alTuring of the Advou- fon and' right of Patronage of the fame unto the Mafter, Eellows, and' Scholars of Imrnetnucl-coliedte in Cambridge. And an Aft for Gonfirma*- tion of Grants and Leafes from CoUcdges and Hbfpitals. Now fome fixty Fifth-monarchy men under the condiift of one Thomas: Venner, a Cooper, broke forth into Rebellion. This Venner was a> Preacher to a Conventicle of that opinion in Colewan-fireet in London. Suchwasthemadneftof thefe men, that they believed, that They and - the refl:!of their j'udgement were called by God to reform the world, andv raakeallthe earthly powers (which they called Babylon) fubfervient. ~ ' ' to.. 174 ^,^,%wmmv^f to the Kingdpm of Jepts : and jn Order thereunto never to (heath tfieir fwords, till the carnal powers of the world were fubdued. They wefc taught and believed, that one of themfliould fubdue a Thoufand, making account when they had done their work in 'England., to go int© 'trance y Spain, Germany', and other parts of the world, there to pror fecute their ffetended holy defign. The place where they, plotfedand iontinued thfeir confpiracy was the meeting-place for their devotion, arid thither they had at fe.veraf tiaies convayed arms. On Sunday January 6. which was the day before their excurfion, they v/sre very late at their Affembly, which made one ^^m«, the Landlord of the Houfe, inquifitjye after their doings. He peeping through a chink in their door, faw thetn arming theriifelves wkh Back, bj;eafl:, and head- piece, and thereupon immediately gave notice to' the qext Officers. Half an hour after they came down, and firft marched to S. Thowat the Apdftle, tocall fome of their party, from thence to BifiopS'gate, and after to White-crofs-fireet. They efcaped to S.fohn's Wood, and from thence to Cane-wood, betwixt High-gate and HArnpfied. On Wednef- day morning the Rebels came again into hon^n, aad divided theiq<- felves into two parties, one whereof about five or fix in the mornrng appeared about Leaden-hall, and from thence inarched to little Eafi- cheap, where they fought defperately, but were difperfed by the trained bands. Fenner, and another party came to my Lord Mayor's houfe, thinking to have taken him Prifoner, but miffing him they marched into Woodftreet, where Colonel Corbet an4 nine of his party charged through the Rebels, and broke them. They fought with ad- mirable courage, and if they had not been hindred from encreafing their numbers, a Thoufand men fo refolved might have done much miC chief. Venner himfelf was much wounded before he was taken, and about five or Cx were killed that refufed quarter. About eight or ten dayes after Venner with about fixteen or feventeen of the moft noto- rious, were arraigned at fufiice-hall in the old 5t. 37*5 At the fecond Sefllon of this Parliament, an Aft was naade againft Quakers, and others, ^lenying to take a Lawful Oath, with fevcral penal- ties to be infliftedon them forfeveral offences. An Aft was aifo paffed for Uniformity of publick Prayers , and Ad- miniftration of Sacraments^ and other Rites and Ceremonies ; and of ordering, and confecrating Bi/hops, Priefts and Deacons in the Church of England, The King's Maj'efty according to his Declaration of the 25ch of OSio— ber 1660. had granted his Commiffion under the Great Seal of £«^- land, to feveral Bifhops and other Divines, to review the Book of Com« mon-Prayer , and to prepare fuch additions and alterations , as they thought fit to offer. And afterwards the Convocations of both the Pro- vinces of Canterbury and Tork,, being by His Majefty called and aflem- bled; His Majefty was pleafed to Authorize and require the PrefiJents of the faid Congregation, and other the Bifliops and Clergy of the fame, to review the faid Book of Common-Prayer, and the Book of the Form and manner of making and Confecrating of Bifbops, Priefts, and Deacons, drc Since which time upon full and mature deliberation, they the faid Prefidents, Bifliops, and Clergy of both Provinces having accordingly reviewed the fame Books, and made fome alterations which they thought fit to be inferted to the fame ; and fome additional Prayers- to be ufed upon proper and emergent occaffons : and having prefented the ianie unto His Majefty in Writing.in one Book,entitled,7l7f Book^of Com- mon-Prayer, and other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church, according to the ufe of theCharch of England, together with the Pfalter or Pfdms of David, pointed as (hey are to be fang or faid in Churches ; and the form andpianner of 7»aki»gi Ordaining; and Confecrating of Bifhofs, Prielis, and Deacons. All ' which His Majefty having duly conlidered, fully approved and allowed i the fame, and recommended to this prefent Parliament ( then fitting and • yet continuing to'fit ) that the faid Book of Common-Pr."(yer, d"c. be the ' Book which iliall be appointed to be ufed by allthat officiate in all Ca- thedral and Collegiate Churches and Chappels, and in ail Chappels, or Colledges and Halls in both the Univcrfities , and the Colledges of Eaton and Wincheflcr, and in all Parifh-Churches and Chappels within the Kingdom of England, Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick. upoiiTweed, and by all that make, or confecrate Bifhops, Priefts, or Deacons, in any of the faid places under fuch fanftions and penalties as . the Houfes of Parliament (hall think fit. jind accordingly it was EnaHed by the King's Mdjefiy and both Houfes ■■ of Parliament , That Morning and Evening Prayers in the faid Book contained, fliould upon every Lord's day, and upon all other diys and occafions, and at the times therein appointed,, be openly and folemn!y read by all and every Minifter and Curate r, in..every Church; Cl/ap- pdji. qy^ ^Del^ifto^of pel, otoihet place of fpublick.worftiip wifbiothiiRe^lmpf £»f/rf»^, and places aforefaid. -^^ ' i • ! ';•■• • /f wof alfo Ena^ed by the Authmty aforefaid. That every Parfon, Vicar, or other Minifter whatfoever, who then had and enjoyed any Ecdefiaftical Benefice, or Promottion, within this Realm of England, <^c. fliould in theChnrch, Chappel, or place of gublick worfiiip be- longing to his faid Benefice or Promotion, upon tome Lord's day be- fore the Fealt of St, Bartholomew, which fliould be in the year of our Lord God, one thoufand fix hundred fixty two, openly, publickly, and folemnly read the Morning and Evening Prayer, appointed to be read by and according to the faid Book of Common-Prayer , at the times thereby appointed, and after fuch reading thereof, openly and publick- ly ijefore the Congregation there affembled, declare his unfeigned AfTent ;ind Confent to the ufe of all things in the faid Book contained and prefcribed, in thefe words and no other. 7 A. B, do here declare my unfeigned Ajfent and Confent to all and every thing contained, and frefcribed in, and by the Book^ entitled. The Book^ of Common- Prayer and Admnijlration of the Sacraments, A d other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church, according to the ufe ef the Church of England, together with the Pfalter, or Ffalmes of David, f aimed as they are to be fung or faid in Churches j and the form or manner of making. Ordaining and Confecrating of Bijhops, Friefis, and Deacons. f ~ And that all and every fuch Pcrfon, who fiiould ( without fome law- fiil impediment to be allowed and approved of by the Ordinary of the place ) negleft or rcfufe to do the fame within the time aforefaid, &c. fliould within one moneth be deprived , ipfo faBo , of his fpirituai promotions : and that thenceforth it fliould be lawful to and for all Patrons, and Donors of all and fingular the faid fpirituai Promotions, or of any of them, according to their refpedive Rights and Titles, to prefent, or collate to the fame, as though the perfon or perfons fo offen- ding were dead. And it was further EnaEied, That every Perfon henceforth to be pro- moted to any Ecdefiaftical Benefice, fliould read the Coinmon-Prayer, and declare his Afl"ent and Confent thereto within two moneths next after that he fliaU be in aftual pofl'eflion of the faid Eccldlaftical Bene- fice or Promotion : and upon negled or refufal to be deprived as afore- laid. And that Incumbents of Livings, keeping Curates, fliall read the fame once every moneth, upon pain to forfeit the fum of five pounds to the ufe of the poor of the Parifh for every offence. It was alfo Ena£icd, That every Dean, Canon, and Prebendary of every Cathedral , or CoUegiate Church, and alJ Mailers and other Hiads, tl)e C|)UtCl) of Great Britain. ^77 Heads, Fellows, Chaplains and Tators of, or in any Colledge, Hall, Hofpical: and every publick Profeffor and Reader in either of the Uni- verfities, and in every CoUedge elfe-where •, and every Parfon, Vicar, Curate, Lecturer, c^c. and every School-mafter keeping any publick or private School ; atid every perfon inftrufting or teaching any youth in any Houfe en: private family , as a Tutor or School-mafter , &c. fliould before the Feafl: of St. Bartholomew in the year aforefaid^ fubfcribe the Declaration following, fcilieet. 1 A. B. do declare, that it is uot lawful Hfon any pretence whatfoever, to take up Arms againTt the King : and that I do abhor that traiteropts pofition of taking Arms by his Authority again ft his perfon, or againfi thofe that are CommiJJtoned by him : and that I will conform to the Liturgy of the Church of Englasd, as it is now by Law efiablijh' ed : and J do declare, that there lies no obligation upon me, or on any ether ferfon,from the Oath commonly called the Solemn League and Co- ■venant, to endeavour any change or alteration of Government either in Church or State : and that the fame was in itfclf an unl.iwful Oath, . and impofed upon the SubjeSis of this Realm again ft the known. Ldws and liberties of this Kingdom, The penalty for failing in fubfcribing, was for Deans, Vicars, School- .mafters to be deprived of their Ecclefiaftical promotions. Schools and Leftures to be void, as if fuch perfon fo failing were naturally dead. Provided always, That from and after the 25th day of March, which fliali be in the year of oar Lord God, 1682. there fliall be omitted in the faid declaration fo to be fubfcribed, and read ( it being enjoyned to be openly and publickly read by every Minifter, c^c. up- on fome Lords day within three moneths after his fubfcription in the prefence of the Congregation there affembled ) thefe words foHow- ing, fcil. And I do declare , that I do hold, there lies no obligation upon me, or on any other perfon, from the Oath commonly called the Solemn League and Covenant-, to endeavour any change or alteration of Government either in Church or State-, and that the fame' was in it jelf an un- lawful Oath, and impofed upon the Subje^s of this Rea'.m againfi the known Laws and liberties thereof. So as none of the perfons aforefaid, fliall from thenceforth be at all obliged to fubfcribe, or read any part of the faid declaratioa or ac- ' knowledgement. C c c Jt 380 XDc l^ifto^y of It was further EnAtled-,Thzx. perfons not ordained Priefts or Deacons, according to Epifcopal ordination, fhall not hold any EcclefiafticaJ pro- motion : nor Iliall confecrate and adnainifter the holj' Sacrament of the Lords Supper, upon pain to forfeit for every offence thefum of one hun- dred pounds ; onemoyety thereof to the King, the other raoyety there- of to be equally divided between the poor of the Pariftj where the offence flialJ be committed. It xvoj dfe EncMed, That no other Form, or Order of Common- Prayers , Adminiftration of Sacraments , Rites or Ceremonies fliould be ufed openly in any Church , Chappel , or publick place : And it veas further Enacted, That ifany perfon who is by this Aftdifabledto Preach any Lefture or Seroion, fhall, during the time that he fliall con- tinue and remain fo difabJcd, Preach any Sermon or Lcdure, that then for every fuch offence, the Perfon and Perfons fo offending fhaU fuffer three moneths imprifonment in the common Goal, without Bayl or Mainprize. It Was alfo Provided, That at alJ and every time and times when any Sermon or Lefture is to be Preached, the Common- Prayers and Service, jn and by the faid Book appointed to be read for that time of the day, fliail be openly, publickly, and folemnly read by fome Prieft or Deacon, in the Church, Chappel, or place of publick worftiip, where the faid Sermon or LecSure is to be Preached ; and that the Leflurer then to Preach fliall be prefent at the reading thereof. It WAi further Enacted, That the Laws and Statutes formerly made for Uniformity of Common-Prayer fhould continue-to be in force, and to be executed for punifhing offenders againft this Law. Hereupon many hundred Minifters, with divers Lefturers and School-mafiers, ieft their places, refufing to conform. Another Aft was alfo pafTed forreftoring of all fuch AtJvonfonr^ Reftories, Impropriate GJebe-lands and Tithes to his Mafefties loyal Subjefts as were taken from them, and making void certain charoes im- pofed on them , upon their compofitions for delinquency by the late ufurped Power. Another Ad was paffed for preventing Abufes, in printing Seditious, Treafonable, and Unlicenfed Books and Pamphlets, and for regulating of Printing, and Printing-prefTes. Pamphlets and Books prohibited to be Printed, Publifted,^ or Sold, were Heretical, Seditious or Shifmati- cal Books or Pamphlets ; wherein any Chriftian Doclrine or Opinion Ihall beafferted or maintained which is contrary to Chrifrian Faith, or to the Doftrine or Difcipline of the Church of E>:gla/:d; or which ihall or may tend, or be to thefcandal of Religion, or the Government or Governours of the Church, State, or Common-wealth, or of any Corporation, or particular perfon, or perfons whatfoever : none (haJ iioport, pubJift, fell, or difpofe any fuch Book or Books , cr Pam- phlets j^ tje CDtttCl) of Great Britain. 381 phlets ; nor fliall caufe or procure any fuch to be publiflied or put to faie, ortobeboundj flitched or fewed together. In the fifteenth year of his Majeftie's Reign, an Ad was paffed for relief of fuch perfons, a? by Sicknefs, or other Impediment, were dif- abled from fubfcribing the Declaration in the Ad: of Uniformity, and explanation of part of the faid Ad. ■ In the fixteenth year of his Majeftie's Reign, an Ad was paffed foe fuppreffion of Seditious Conventicles, under pretence of exercife of Re- ligion. Wherein it wm Enafled, That if any perfon being of the age of fixteen years and upwards, being a Subjed of this Realm, at any time after the firft day of July 1664. fliall beprefent at any Affembly, Conventicle, or Meeting, under colour or pretence of any exercife of Religion, in any othermanner than is allowed by the Liturgy or pradice of the Church o( England, in any place within the Kingdom oi England^ Dominion of Wales, &c. at which Conventicle, Meeting, or Affembly, there Ihallbefive perfons or more affembled together, over and above thofeof thefameHoufliold : then it fliall and maybe lawful to, and for any two Juftices of the Peace of the County, limit, divifion, or liber- ty wherein the faid offence aforcfaid fliall be committed, &c. and they arc hereby required and enjoyned upon proof to him or them re- fpedively made of fuch offence, either by confeflion of the party, or Oath of wicnefs, or notorious evidence of the fad, to make a Record of every fuch offence under their hands and feals refpedively. And that thereupon the faid Juftices, &c. fliall commit every fuch offender fo convided, as aforefaid, to the Gaol, or houfe of Corredion, there to remain for three raoneths without Bayl or M^inprize, uniefs the faid offender Ihall pay down to the faid Juftices or chief Magiftrate fuch fum of money not exceeding five pounds, as the faid Juftices or Chief-magiftrate (who are hereby thereunto authorized and required) fliall fine the faid offender at, for his or her faid offence ; which money fliall be paid to the Church-wardens, for the relief of the poor of the Parifli, where fucti offender did laft inhabit. Upon every fecond offence the offender to be imprifoned fix moneths, and to be fined ten pounds. And upon the third offence, the offender to be tranfplanted beyond the Seas to any of his Majefties Forreign Plantations ( Virginia and New Engla>id onely excepted ) there to remain feven years. It was further Ena5ted, That the Lieutennants , or Deputy-lieuten- nants, or any Commiffioned Officers of the A'filitia, or any other of his Majeftie's Forces, with fuch Troops, or Companies of Horfeand Foot: andalfo the Sheriffs, Juftices of Peace, and other Magiftrates and Mini- fters of juflice, orany of them joyntly orfeverally, within any of the Counties or places within this Kingdom of England. Dominion of W.des, C-rc. fliall repair unto the place where fuch Conventicles are held, and by the beft means they can, fliall diffolve, and diffipate, or prevent all Ccc i fub ^bG Xlje i?iilo;tp of fuch unlawful meetings, and take into their cuftody fach of thofc per- fons fo unlawfully affembled, as they (hall judge to be the leaders and fcducers of the relt, and fuch others as ihey fhall think fit to be proceed- ed againfl: according to Law for fuch offences. Every perfon who (hall willingly fuffer any &ch Conventicle, to be held in his or her houfe, out-houfe, barn, yard, c^c. fhall incur the fame penalties and forfeitures, as any other offender againft this Ad ought to be proceeded againft. In the feventeench year of His Majeftie's Reign, an Ad was pafled for reftraining Non-conformifts from inhabiting in Corporations. Here- in it Wfis Enathed, That all Parfons, Vicars, Curates, Ledurers, and other perfons in holy Orders , or pretended holy Orders, &c. who have not declared their unfeigned affenc and confen: as aforefaid, and fubfcnbed the Declaration aforefaid, and ihall not take and fubfcribe the Oath foOowing. I A. B.. dof\v£ar, that it is not lawful Hpon any pretence whatfoever, to take Armes again ^ the King\ and th.n I do abhor that traiteroM fojition of taking jirmes by his Authority agc.inii his per/on, or againft tbofe that are Commijfiened by him, in purfuance offuch-Cam- miffions : And that I rvUl not endeavour at any time Any alteration ef Government^ either in Chnrcb or State. And aU fuch perfons, as fliall take upon them to Preach in any unlaw- full AfTembly, Conventicle, or Meeting, under colour or precence of any esercife of Religion, contrary to the the La.ves 2nd Statutes of this Kingdom, IliaO not at any time from and after the 24th -of Alarch 1665. unlefs onely in paffing upon the Road, come or be within five miles of any City, or Town Corporate, or Borough, that fends BurgefTes to the Parliament, within His Majefties Kingdom of £w^/<«.W, Principality of Wales, &c. or within five miles of any Parilli, Town , or Place, wherein He or They have been, fince the Ad of Oblivion, Parfon , Vicar, Curate, LeAurer, drc. or taken upon them to Preach in any unlawful AfTembly, &c. under colour or precence of any excrcife of Religion, crc. before He or They have fubfcribed or taken the Oath aforefaid before the Juftices of the Peace at their quarter Sellions to be holdenfor the County or divifion nest unto the faid Corporation, City or Borough, place or Town, in open Court ( which faid Oath the faid Juftices are thereby impowred there to adminifter) upon forfei- ture for every fuch offence the fam of forty pounds of lawful Englilh money :. the one third part to his Majefty and his SuccefTors ; the other third part to the ufe of the poor of the Parilli, where the offence fhaii. be committed j and the other third part thereof to fuch perfon or per- fons as. fhall or. will Ixit for the fame by Adion of Debt,. Plaint, Bill,. tlje Cljtirc!) of Great Britain. 581 Bill, 'or Information, in any Court of Record at Wefiminfier, or before any Juftices of Affize, Oyer and Terminer, or Gaol-delivery, ^c. Provided alfo, 1 hat it fhall not be lawful for any perfon or perfons reftrained from coming to any City, Town Corporate, Borough, e^c. or for any other perfon or perfons as ftiall not firft take and fubfcribe the faid Oath, and as fliall not frequent Divine Service eftablifhed by the Laws of this Kingdom, and carry him or her felf reverently, decently and orderly there, to teach any publick or private School, or take any Boarders or Tablers that are taught or inftruded by him or her fejf, or any other, upon pain for every fuch offence to forfeit the fum of forty pounds, to be recovered and diftributed as aforefaid. The offender alfo to be committed for fix moneths to prifon, by two Juftices of the Peace of the refpedive County, without Bayl or Main- - prize, unlefs upon or before fuch commitment, he fliall, before the faid Juftices of the Peace, fwearand fubfcribe the aforefaid Oath and Decla- ration. An Ad was alfo pafTed for uniting Churches in Cities and Towns Cor- porate, which was judged neceffary by reafon of the great ruine of many Churches and Parilhes in the late ill times, and otherwife. The Parillies to remain diftind as to all Rates, Taxes, Parochial rights , charges and duties, and all other Priviledges , Liberties, and refpeds whatfoever, notwithftanding any fuch union to be made by venue- hereof. • It WM EmEled, That the Patrons of fuch Churches and Chappels fo anited, fJiall prefent by turns onely to that Church which (liall remain andbeprefentative from time to time, ere. Provided, That Pariflies ha- ving an hundred pounds maintenance ^er Annum, may not be united.. Incumbents of fuch united Parilhes muft be Graduates in fomeUniverficy. Owners of Impropriations may beftow and annex maintenance to the Churches where they lye, and fettle it in truft for the benefit of the faid Parfonage or Vicarage, without any licenfe of Mortmain. It woi further Enailcd, That if the fctled maintennnce of fuch Par- fonage, Vicarage, Churches and Chappels fo united, 0"<;. fliall not amount to the full fum of one hundred pounds per Annum, clear and > above all charges and reprizes, that then it fljall be lawful for the Parfon, Vicar and Incumbent of the fame, and his SuccefTors, to take, receive, and purchafe to hisiand his Succeffors, Lands, Tenements, Rents, Tithes, or other Hereditaments, without any licenfe of Mortmain'^, any Law or, Statute to the contrary notwithftanding. This year 1665. was a great Plague in I.onekn and in the Subuibs. thereof j o£ which there died above an hundred thoufand peifons.. Anno 1666. On September 2d. a. Great Fire arofe in London, whirh; confumed a great part of the City, whereby her beauty was defaced,. and. 584 XDe ^ifto^p of and her glory ftained : yea the Houfes of God thcmfelves became a heap of ruines, and afadfpeftade of defolation. The Cicizens had not been long returned to their Houfes which the late devouring Plague had dri- ven them from, but now the fire fwalloweth up all theit habitations : and they that had fo lately efcaped the grave, do now fee the City it felf ( as it were ) buried in it's own mines. In oiiober i66j. a Judicature was erefted for determination of dif- ferences, touching Houfes burned or deraolilhed, by reafon of the late fire which hapned in London. An Aft was paffed for Re-building the City of London. And that the faid Citizens and their SuccefTors for all the time to come, may retain thememorial of fo fad a defolation, and refleft ferioufly upon their mani- fold iniquities, which are the unhappy caufes of fuch Judgments. It wai Enabled, That the fecond of Septe/nber ("unlef, the fame hap- pen to be the Lord's day, andiffo, then the next day following) be yearly forever hereafter obferved, as a day of publick Failing and Hu- miliation vyithin the faid City and Liberties thereof, to implore the mer- cies of Almighty God upon the faid City, to make devout Prayer and Supplication unto him, to divert the like calamity for the time to come. And the better to preferve the memory of this dreadful vifitation j It vcti further Eha5led, That a Column, or Pillar of Brafs, or Stone, be «reded on, or as near unto the place where the faid Fire fo unhappily be- gan, as conveniently may be, in perpetual remembrance thereof, with fuch Infcription thereon, as hereafter by the Mayor and Court of Alder- men be diredled. It was alfo further Enan:ed, That the Parifh-churches to be Re-buil- ded within the faid City of London, in lieu of thofe which were demo- li/hed by the late fire, Hiould not exceed the number of thirty nine, to be fet out and appointed by and with the advice and confent of the Lord Archbiftjop of Canterbury, and BiOiop of London for the time being. Itwas alfo Provided, That the Sites and Materials of fuch Churches as by this BiU are not to be rebuilt, together with the Church-yards be- longiag to fuch Churches, fhall be, and are hereby veiled in the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of the City of London, for the time being, to the end fo much of the faid ground, aslhaO not, upon the re-building of the faid City, belaid into the Stre.ts, be fold and difpofed of by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, or the Major part of them, with the confent of the faid Arcbbifhop and Bifliop of London for the time being : and the money raifed by fuch fale, (hall be, by the faid Mayor and Aldermen, or the major part of them, with the confent of the faid ArchbiOiop and Biflijp, difpofed of, and employed for and towards the rebuilding of fuch Parilh-Churches a? by this Aido>i, fliall be fitty one. The forefaid Aft or any thing therein contained to the contrary, notwithftanding. The fime Parifli-Churches fliall be rebuilt according to the modules appointed by the Lord Archbifliop of Canter- bury. Lord Bilhop and Lord Mayor of Lonaon, with the King's approba-. lion. The Parilhes of yllh.^llows Ltmbard-ftrcet , St. Bartholomew- Ex- change,, 3^6 %l)tmfiOlVO^ change, Si, Bvidei, Bcnnct-'fm'^, St. A-fich^ich Crook^d-Uve, St, Chrifio- ])hers, Su Dioriis BMlizChHrcb, Si.Dnifians'mthtE^^, St. fames Gar- lick^hifhe, Sr. Aiich.icl Cornbil, St. Bajjijliaw, St. Marfaret Loathkitry, St. yl/.:ry Aldermartbnry.,Si. Marfsn Lndgate., St. Peter sCornhil, Si. Ste- phens Coleman-flreet, and Si. Scp^ilchtrs, fliall remain and continue, as here- tofoie they were. And the refpedive Parifh-Churches to each of the faidpaiifhes belonging fliall be rebuilded, and continued for the ufe of the faid Parifhes, and the other P.u-ifhes fliall be refpecft-ively united, ttvo Parifnes into one ; thati? to fay, thePariflies of ^/»j!//owj- Bred-Jheet , and St. John Evangelifit fliill be united into one Parifli, and the Church heretofore belonging to the Parifli of ^/W/(7«7j B-red-fireet, fhall be re- builded, and fliall be the Parifli-Church of the Pariflies fo united. The Parifliesof St. Albans Wood-fireet, and St. OUves Silver-ftreet, fliall be united into one Parifli ; an3 the Church heretofore belonging to St. Al- bans Wood-fireet, fliall be the Parifli-Church of the faid Pariflies fo uni- ted. The Pariflies of St. Anfiiti's and St. Faiths, fliall be united into one Parifli, and the Church of St. Aufiins{hM be the Parifli-Church of the faid Pariflies fo united. The like order is to beobferved in all the reft of the Parifli-Churches that are to be united. It \vasfn---thir En.iclcd., That any Plate and Goods heretofore belong- ing to any of the Church- Wardens of any of the Pariflies burnt down, which are not to be rebuilt, fhall be enjoyed by the Church- Wardens of thofe and their fucceffors of the refpeftive Pariflies of fuch Churches to be rebuilded, whercunto the faid other Churches burnt down; are uni- ted by this Ad. Provided., That the Sites of the Churches to be de- moliflied, and the Church-yards belonging to the fame, fliall be en- ciofed with Brick or Stone-walls, for burial, for the Pariflies formerly belonging to the fame, and the Parifhes to which they are united as afore- . faid, and not ufed or employed to any other purpofe whatfoever 5 ex- cepting fuch of the Sites and Church-yards , or parts of Sites and Church-yards of the faid Parifli-Churches fo demoliflied as aforefaid, as are already laid into the Streets and Market-places fet out for that pur- pofe, d"c. Notwithftanding the union, yet the Pariflies to all Rates, Charges, and Priviledges, are to remain diftindt The prefent Incum- bents of Churches not to be rebuilded , lliall not be deprived of the Tithes, or, other profits heretofore belonging to their refpeftive Churches, fo long as they fliall aflift in ferving the Cure ; and other of- fices belonging to their duty in the Parifli-Church, whereunto their re- fpeftive Parilhes fhall be united, and annexed by this Aft according direftionof the Ordinary, crc. faving to "the King's Majefty, his heirs to. the and fucccfl'ors, the Tenths and Firft-fruits of all fuchParilh- Churillicsas by force of this prefent Aft fliall be united and confolida- ted, O'c. Ya tlje C^UtCl) of Great Britaik. 38 j Yet the faid Parfons and Vicars are hereby indemnified from the pay- ment of all Firft-fruits, Tenths, and Penfions due^ and which flialJ be due to his Majcfty : and from all dues to the Ordinary and Archdeacon, and all other dues whatfoever chargeable upon them refpeftively, untiil fuch time as they (hall receive the prohts arifing from the fame, as for- merly. And no Procefs fliall be iffiied but of any Court whatfoevetj againft the perfons aforefaid , for their non-payment of Firft-fruits , Tenths, Penfions, or any other the dues aforefaid, e^c. They are in- demnified for not readingthe 39. Articles, or not doing other things en- joynedbyLaw, untiil fuch time as the faid Churches be re-edified, or made fit for publickworfliip. The faid Parfons and Vicars are impow- ered to let Leafes of their Glebe-lands, with the confent of the Patron and Ordinary, for any Term not exceeding forty years, and at fuch yearly rents, without fine, as can be obtained for the fame : and that no lapfes incurred upon any non-prefentation in due time of any of the Pa- trons of the faid livings fince the faid fire, fliall any ways prejudice, or make void the Prefentations that the faid Patrans have fince made, whereupon any Incumbent is fince inftituted and indufted, any Law pr Statute CO the contrary in any wife tlotwithftanding. Ddd A %De llttojp of A Catalogue of the Bifliops of E N G- LAND md WALES. Tke Archhijljops of Canterbury. I. \ Uguftihe. j\ 2. Laurence. 3. Mellitus. 4. Juftus. , * 5. Honor ius. 6. DeusDedic. 7. Theodorus. 8. Brethwald, 9. Tatwyn. 10. Notlielmus. II. Cuthberu 12. Bregwyn. 13. LsnAerr, 14. Athelard. 1.5. Wifred. i6. Theologild, 17. Celnoth. 18. Athelred. 1.9. Plegmond. 20. AtheJmus. 21. Wilfelm. 22. Odo Severus 23. Dunftan. 24. Echelgar. 25. Siricius. aliai Jainberr. 26. 27- 28. 29,- 3-0. J I.. Alfiicus. Elphegc. Liunig. Agelnoth. Eadfin, Robert Gfireiicenfis^ 32- 33- 34- 35- 36. 37- 38. 39- 40. 41. 42 43- I 44- 46. 4.7 48. 49- 50. 51. 52. 5^3. 54- 55. 56. 57- 58. 59- 60- 61. 62,. Stigand. Lanfrank. Anfelm. Rodolphus. WiUiam Corbel.. Theobald. Thomas Becket. Richard. Baldwyn. Reginald Fitz-Joceline. Hubert Walter. Stephen Langton. Ricbard" Werfirrlhed-.- Saint Edmond. Boniface. Robert Kilwarby. John Peekham. Robert Winchelfey. Walter Reinolds. Simon Mepham. John Stratford. Thomas Bradwardine» Simon Ifiip. Simon Langham. W. Wittlefey. Simon Sudbury. William Courtney. Thomas Arundel. Henty Chichlcy. John Stafford. . John Kemp. 63. Tfioi tt)e CJtttCD of Great Britain. 587 63 . Thomas Bourchier, 64. John Morton. 65. Henry Deane. 66. William Warham. 67. Thomas Cranmer. " , 68. Reginald Pool. ^y^ 6g. Matthew Parker. 70. Edoiond Crindal. 71. JohnWhitgift. 72. Richard Bancroft. 73. George Abbot. 74. William Laud. 75. William Juxon. 76. Gilbert Sheldon. ArchbiJJjo^s of York. 1. Paulinu?. 2. Cedda. 3. Wflfrid. 4. Bofa. 5. John of Beverley. 6. Wilfrid. 7. Egbert. 8. AJbertus. 9. Eanbaldus the Firfl. 10. Eanbaldus the Second. 11. Wulfius. 12. Wiraundus. 13. Wilfcrus. 14. Ethel bald. 15. Redward. 16. Wulftan. 17. Oskitel. 18. Athelwold. 19. Ofwald, 20. Aldulf. 21. Wulftan. 22. Alfricus Putioc. 23. Kinfiu?. 24. Eldredus. 25.' Thomas theFirft. 26. Gerard. 27. Thomas the Second. 28. Thurftan. 29. Henry Murdac. 30. Saint Wiiliam. 31. Roger 32. Geoffiy Plantagencr. 33. Walter Gray. 34. Sewal. 35. GodfrydcKinton. 36. Walter Gifford, 37- William Wickwane. 38. John Roman. 39. Henry Newark. 40. Thomas de Corbridge. 41. William de Greenfield. 42. William de Melton. 43. LeZouch. 44. JohnThursby. 45. Alexander Nevil. 46. Thomas Arundel. 47. Robert Waldby. 48. Richard Scroop. 49. Henry Bo wet. 50. John Kemp. 51. William Booth. 52. George N^vil. 53. Laurence Booth. 54. Thomas Rothcram. 55. Thomas Savage. 56. Chriftopher Baimbridgc. 57. Thomas Wolfey. 58. Edward Lee. 59. Robert Holgate. 60. Nicholas Heath. 61. Thomas Young. 62- Edmond Grindal. 63. Edwyn Sandys. 64. John Piers. 65. Matthew Hutton. 66' Tobia> Matthew. D d d 2 67. G.-orge 388 .WrAT'!5: a ^De tiSo^^ of t'j. George Mounceiga 68. Samuel Harfner.' 69. Richard Neile, 70 JobnWiiiiams. ^ 71. Accepted Fre win. 72. Richard Stern, Archhij^ap of Londorr. t . Thean x.Heis faid to haiie hailt St. Peter's Church in Cornhil, 2. Elvanus. 3. Cadar. 4. Obinus. 5. Conan. .' 6. PalJadius.. 7. Stephen.. 8. Iltut.. 9. Dedwyn. 10. Thedrcd. Hilary. RefticutHs^ Guitelnias. Faftidias:. Vodinus. Theodoras. .-^t II. .12. I 13. ' H- 15- 16. SjJjops Henry tl)e Cftttrcl) of Great Britain. ;8p 49. Henry rhiflm!. 50. Richard dc Gravefend. 51. Ralph Raldock. 52. Gilbert Seagrave. 53. Richard Newport. 54. Stephen Gravcfend. 55. Nicholas Byntworth. 56. Ralpli Stratford. 57. Michael Northbrook. 58. Simon Sudbuty. 59. William Courtney. 60. Robert Braibrook. 61. Roger Walden. 6z Nicholas Bubwith. 63. Richard Clifford. 64. John Kemp. 65. William Gray. 66. Robert Fitz-hugh. 67. Robert Gilbert. . 68. Thomas Kemp 6g. John Marflial. 70. Richard HHI. 71 72 73- 74- 75- 76. 77. 78. 79- .80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. . Thomas Savage. . William Warham. William Barnes. Richard Fitz- James. Cutlibert Tonftal. John Scokefley. Edmond Bonner. Nicholas Ridley. Edmond Grindal. EdwynSandys. John Elmer. Richard Fletcher. Richard Bancroft. Richard Vaugban. Thomas Ravis. George Abbot. John King. George Mounteign, William Laud. William Juxon. Gilbert Sheldon. Humphrey Hinchman, ■J Bjjijop qf Winchefter. 1, Birinus 2, Agilbertus 3, Wina 4, Eleutherius 5, Headda 6, Daniel 7, Humfridus 8j Kimhardus 9, Athclardus 10, Egbaldus 11, Dudda 12, Kineberthus 13, Alhmundus. 14, Wigtheinus. 15, Hercfrid 16, Edmond 17, Helmftan 18, Swithunus [iilifi>A I 19, Adferthus 2D, Dumberr 21, Denewulfus • 22, Athelmus 23, Frithflan 24, BrinftaH 25, Elphegus Calvus.> 16, Elffinus 27, Brithclinns 28, Echclwald ■ 29, Eiphegus '■ 30, Renulphus'^ 31, Biiihwold 32, Elfinus 33, Alwynus 34) Stigandus ■ 35, Wilklyn 36, William Gifford- <5: 37, Henry/ 19' %^t. i^UlD^i^ ef 37, Henry die SloyS '•' 38, Richard More 39, Godfrey -de Lucy 40, Peter de la Roche 41, William de Raley 42, Echclmarusl 43, johnGffhfey 44, Nicholas de Ely 45, JohndePondfTara 41, Henry Woodlokff :. - 47, John Sandal" , Undo I 48, Reginald Aferius 49, John Stratford 50, Adam Tarlecon 51, William Eddendon 52, William Wickham 53, Henry Beaufort 54, William W^infle^ 55, Peter Courtney : .18 56, Thomas Lailgtcn. 57, Richard tcx 58, Thomas Wolfey 59, Stephen Gardiner 60, John Poynet 61, John Wfeite 6Zj Robert Horn 6$, lohnWatfon 64, Thomas Cooper 6s, William Wickham 66, WiDiam Day 6y, Thomas Bilfon. 68, James Mountague 69, Lancelot Andrews 70, Richard Neile 71, Walter Curie 72, Brian Duppa 73, George Morley Bipops of Ely. J, Hervsus 2, NigeUus 3, Galfridus Rydal 4, William Longchr-rap 5, Euftachius 6, lohn de Fonribus 7, GeofFry deBurgo 8, HughNorwold 9, William de Kilkenny 30, Hugh Balfam J I, lohn deKirkby 12, William de Ludo 13, Ralph Walpool 14, Robert Oxford 15, lohnde Keeton 16, lohnHotham 17, Simon Montacute 18, Thomas Ly Id 19, Simon Langham 20, lohnBamet 2 ; , Thomas Ar undel 22, lohn Fordnam 23, Philip Morgan 24, Lewis Lulhborough 25, Thomas Bourchier 26, William Gray 27, lohn Morton 28, lohn Alcock 29, Richard Redman 30, lames Stanley 31, Nicholas Weft 32, Thomas Goodrich 33, Thomas Thirlby 34, Richard Cox 35, Martin Heton 36, Lancelot Andrews 37, Nicholas Felton 38, Thomas Buckeridge 39, Francis White 40, Matthew Wren 41, Benjamin Laney The / tljeCi)UrCl)Of Great Britain'. 39^ The lifioptof Dorchefter. The Bifhop of that Diecefs, whereof Lincoln u now the See, fate firji at Dorchefter in Oxford- (hire. His Diocefs, and furifdiEHon , was all that Country, which now helongeth nnto the Bijhojis of Wincheder, Lin- coln, Sarutn, Oxford, Briftol, Wells, Litchfield, Cheftcr, Exeter. He WM called the Bijhof of the Weft-Saxons. Thefe wereBiJheps. 1. Birinus. 2. Agilbert, aFrcnch-man. In his time Kenwaiehus, King of the Weft-Saxons , caitfed this huge Diocefs to he divided into two parts, one of which he left to Agilbert, the other unto 3. \A^ina, appointing Winchefter to be his See, and alt the Wefi~ cottntrey his furifdEHoH. After Agilbert there wiu no- other' Bijliop of Dorchefter'/t lo^g time^ Hedepartingimo Frantff,; Wina^ and his Smceffofs-' gevfrned thaii See alfo, Not long after O'fwy,- Kif^ofMet- cia, ereEled an Epifcopal See at Litchfield, and placed one Diu- ma in the fame . . He had all mid- England for his Diocefs. So hxd fix or feven of his Succejfors , ««- til the year 6jB\ at- what time a Bijhop was pUeedat Sidnaceftcr, namedEidhed. He dieti- within em year, then E.lh€.\mt\ fmtcededi Thettthefe. Bxahert, who- aftfied'Btdi in wri- , , ting his Eccle.fi^jiival Hifiory. Alwigh £adulf Geolulf. After him the See continucdvo dmanyye^rs. Anno 672. Brigbtred became Bi- fhop. : Jn the mean time, ic. Anno 737. ano- ther See was ereSied at Legeceftcr, TZiW c■ years) and his See for both a^^am ■ was efiablijhcd at Dorchefter. He was a great BenefaElor to the Abbey of Ramfey. Alnoth : Annopfia Afcwin, Alfhelin. £adnoth, Provofiof Rimfty , flain ■ by the Danes j>; -battfl , Anna,* 1016. £adheric. £adnoth. Ulf, a Norman. Wulffiri. 392 XV^tmiioivlit BfJJjops of lincoltL Thsldfi Sipp o/Dorcbefter, fiyjr Bifljo-) vf Liacoln,.w,^ itnd ■i.-'Remigius '^}^ 2. Robert Blcet ' " "' ' - 3. Alexander 4. Rob?rc de Cbifvey J. , Walter ds Goriilantiis z >-t 6. Saint Hugh 7. VViL'iamdeBloys 8.. HughVValJys 9. Robert Grofthed 10. Henry Lexinton Benedift Gravefend Oliver S jrton lohnde.Aldarby Thomas Beake Henry Burwafh Thomas le Beck John Synwel JohnBokingham Henry Beai^'ort Philip Repingdon Richard Fleming William Gray William ^Inwike II. 12. 13. 34- 15. 16. 17. 18. 19- 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. Mirraaduke Lumley 25. John Chadworth 26. Thomas Rotheram 27. JohnRuffel 28. William Smith 29. Thomas Wolfey 30. William ^[ water 31. JohnLongland 32. Henry Holbech 33. John Taller. 34. John White 35. Thomas Wacfon 36. Nicholas Bullingham 37. Thomas Cooper 38. William Wickham 39. William Chaderton . 40. William Barlow 41. RichardNeile 42. George Mounteign 43. John Williams 44. Thomas Winniff 45. Robert Saunderfon 46. Benjamin Laney 47. William Fuller. Btjf^ops of Coventry and Litchfield. I. Diuma Headda, that before woi Bijhop ^f 2. Cellach Litchfield, recovered the jnrifcU- 3. Trumhere ^ion again. 4. Jaruman 9. ^Idwyn 5. Cedda 10. Witta 6. Winfrid The Conntrey' of Mercia vtas then 7. Saxulf again divided, andr/iade three Bi- 8. Headda Jhopricks. One was continued at: After Saxulf the Dioccfs Xf.-a once Litchfield, another wa^ appointed more divided, and a Bijhop placed at Leicefter , the third at Dor- at Leicefter, vfhofe name w/u chefter. Wilfrid. Liich- ff tl)e Cl)tttCl) of Great Britai^i. ^p? Litchfield \fM given to Witta : Leicefter foTota: Dorchefterro £adhead jifter fucceededthefe^ 11. Hemel 12. Cuthfri 13. Berthun 14. Aldulf. Offa King of Mercia procured the Fope to make this Aldulf ■ 5,: Brithelm 6: Kinewaldus 7: Sigar 8: Alwyn 9: Burwold 10: Leoningus 11: Elthelwyn 12: Erithwyn-. 13: Merewith 14: Dudoco 151 Gifo 16: lohndeVillula. This man procured his EfifcofalSee^ vrhich ioiterto had been feated at ^'Vel]g, to he removed to Bath, whereas all his Predecejfors had been called Bi^iofs of Wells.fcf re- fioiiBcing Wells entitled himfilf Blfuof BathjW/;frf hi was hnried. 37: Godfrey, a Dutch-man, for a time Charisellor of England , he ■PIM hjtricdatBiih.. I 18: Reginald Fitz-Ioceline .- He built the Hejpital of St. lohn's in [ Bath, and ^ave certain Prebends I HTito the Church of YY^Ws.More- [ 3ver , be gave nnto the City of ' Wells, a Corporation, and Pri- t viledges , rvlnch by his gift they j enjoy to this day. 19: Savaricus ■ 20: loceline de Wells 2ri: Roger, r^ho died vritbin fix years after he came to that Bi- frjoprick: be U the laji of thofe Bifliops I hat were bitried at Bith. 22: WiUiam Button 23.- Walter Giffard 24: William Button, Wfp/;fiv r^ffe former ef that name. 25: Robert Burnel 26: William de Marchia 27: Walter Hafel (haw 281 lohn Drokensford- 29: Ralph of Salop jo; lohn Barnec 31: lohnHarewel. • j 32: Walter Skirlaw 33: Ralph Erghum 34: Henry Bowet. jj-.: Nicholas Bubwith tl)e CDttrCl) of Great Britain. 197 36: lohn Stafford 37: Thomas Beckinton 38: Robert Sdllington 39^ Richard Fox 40: Oliver King. He fMwg down the old Church of the Ahby of Bath, began the foundation of a fair and fumftuoui building, bnt at the time of his death left it unferfeEled. 41: Hadrian de Caftello 42: Thomas Wolfey 43: lohn Clerk 44: WiUiam Knight 45: WiUiara Barlow 46: Gilbert Bourn 47: Gilbert Berkley 48: Thomas Goodwyn 49.- John Style 50: lames Mountague. He gave a thmfand pounds towards the re- paration of the Abbey-chnrch cf Bath, and lies thtre interred. 51: Arthur Lake 52: William Laud. 53: Leonard Maw. 54: Walter Curie ■ \ 55: WiUiam Piers 56: Creeton $?'• Mews. Bifiops of DevonOxire-j Cornwai, a»d Credkon^ &c. Two hundred yean the Wefi Countrey was fuhjeB unto the Bijhop of Sher- born, viz. from the year 70$. to the year 90$. at which time one Bi- fijoprick, was ereEhedat Wells ia Sommerfa-fhire, another in Cornwal, a third in Devonfliire. i: The See of Athelftan, Bifhop of Cornwal , was for a while at Sf . Petrocks »« Bodmyn, and af- terwards St. Germans. The Suc' cejfors of Athclftan in Cornwal Wire thefe. 2*. Conanus 3. Ruyodocus 4: Aldredus 5; Brytwyn 6: Athelftan; -Anno 966. 7: Wolfi 8.- Woronus p.- Wolocus lO; Stidio 11; Aldredm* 12. Burwoldusi. Bijhops of Devonfhire. i; Werftan ^ He placed him/elf firji at Tawton, but foon after re- moved to Crediton , »ow calledt Kyrton. 2'. Patta 3.- Eadulphus '■ 4; Ethelgarus i 5: Algarus • 6: Alfwold '' 7; Sydemanus 8; Alfredus 9: Alwolfus. All thefe fate, and were buried, at Crediton. 10; Luyngus. This man upon the death of Burwol- dus, Bifhop of Cornwal, his Vii" kle. 19% lO&e ^mmf of kje, frocnred (he Comity if C(^^- I and afterwards bucme Sipep, tf V!a.[ to be aided mpo kis ^ief^iy \ VVorcefter. BipopT of Excefter. Kif!g Edward the Confejfor coming to Excefler, together with bis Q^en^ took order thut the Monks of St. Peter' j, in that City, jhould be f laced at Weftmi lifter, andre_n>»vedthe Epifcopd See from Ct^fJiiWjo Ex- cefter, ,1. Leofrieus was the firfi Bijhof. The King taking the BipJOp by. bis right hand, andjhf Qu^en by the left, led him up unto the jiltar of his new Church , and there placed him in a Seat ap- pointed for him. He obtained of the fame King wMch good Land, ay^d many Friviledges for this Church. 2. Osberr, a Norman 3; William VVareweft; a Chap' lain both to the Conqueror, and his two Sons, William af:d Henry. 4: Robert Ghichefter 5: Robert VVare weft 6; Bartholomew Ifcanus/y^ called of Ika.which is one of theantient names of this City. 7; lohn , the Ckaunter of this Church, and Subdean of Saryrn. 8.- Henry Marfhal 9: Simon de Apulia 10; William Brewer 11: Richard Blondy 12: V Vaher Bromfcomb 13.- Peter Quivil 14; Thomas Bitton 15.- Walter Scaplcton x6: James Berkley ; of the Noble houje of the Lord Berkley. 17: John Godly i8.- ThoraasBrentingham 19; Edmond Sfsiffotd, Brother u Ralph, Earl of Stafford. ; 20: lohn Kcrericfa 21.- lames Gary 22.- Edmond Lacy' 23; George Ncvil, Brother to Ri- chard the Great Earl of War- wick, by whofe helf especially Ed- waid the Fourth obtained the Crown. 24; lohn Booth 25; Peter Courtney 26; Richard Fox 27.- Oliver King 28: Richard Redman 2g: lohn Arundel 30; Hugh Oldham 31.- lohn Vofeij Of 22. Lord- jl}ij>s,and Mannors,which his Pre- decejfors had left unto hm, of a goodly Revenue, he left but feven, or eight, and them alfo leafed out. And wheroM he found fourteen Houfes wellfurnijlied., he left only one Houfe bare, and ■isithout fitr- niiure • and yet charged with fundry Fees and Annuities. 32; Miles Coverdale 33; lames Turbervill 34: William Alley 35; VVilliam Bradbridge 36;- lohnl^oJton 37: Gervafe Babington 38. Pfil- tfteCtlUrclftOf Great Britain. 599 38. rt'illiam Cotton 39. Valentine Gary 40. lofephHall 41. Ralph Brownrigg 42. lohn Gauden^ 43. SethW^ard 44- Sparrow. BiJIjop of the Eaft- Angles. Sigeberr, King tf the Eaft- Angles, returning out of Vnnce (where fee- lived in bam(hynent ) and obtaining his Kingdorij, brought with him one Felix, a Burgundian, with whom he hid Uved familiarly, during the time of his Exile^ and made him Bijhop of the Eaft-Angles, who tonvert- - ing the people to the Faith of Chrifi, hadhis See atDanwich, { Bijhops of Danwich were thefe. 1. Felix 2. Thomas, his Succeffor. 3. Bregiifus 4. Bifus. He waxing old and cra- zy, divided his See into two parts ; one part he appointed to be the fu' rifdi[Hon if a Bifhop that jfjould have his See at Elmham- in the other he continued, as dfo did di- vers of his Succejfors ; whicbwere thefe following. 5. Acca 6. Aftwolphus 7. Eadfarthus S. Cuthwenus 9. Aldberthus 10. Eglalius li. Herdredus 12. Aelphunus 13. Tydferthos 14. Weremundis 15. Wyredus. . Bifhop of Elmham wreth'efe, 1. Bedwyn 2. Northberc 3. Hcadulacus ■I- i)'. 4. Edejfridas 5. Lanferihus 6. Athelwolph 7. Humfcrthus 8. Sybba 9. Alherdus JO. Humbiretus. By reafon of the great troubles of ' thofe timej in the Danijh wars:, . thefe Sees flood void almoft an hundred years. Anno 955. jwfAie • time of King Edwy. 1. Ow Athulfusw^ ordained Bi' - jhop of the Eaft-Angles ;zf Can- - terbuty, and had his Stat at E\va.~ ■ ■ hkm. After him fu.ceeded thefe. . 2. Alfidus 3. TheodredasrheFirft 4. Tlieodredus the Sfcynd.. 5. Atheifta'n . 6. Algarus 7. Alwynus 8. Alfiicus 9i Alyf:eius 10. Stigandas 4<5o XldtWi^otv of A^ II. Grinkctellus j •;'"•! .z:-?! 12- Egelmare. _: ; . All thefe , Htitil the time of King William th$Cofiqutror, had their Sees at Elrahatn. Bifio^s of Thetford. 1. ArkhxsvDoithe flrflBi^op,vtho 2. WAXximYiahtYt^oi the fecend vpM Chai lain tp the Conqueror, i and lafi BlfieJ' of Thetford. Bifioptof, Norwich. I. WiU'um hlabtrttranjlated that See from Thetford to Norwich, and was the firfi Bifhop of Nor- wich. He built there the Cathe- dral Church at his, own charge, vphich he dedicated to the holy Tti- Tiity , endowing it with great Lands andPoJJejfions, Books , and all other necejfaries ; and on the North- fide of the Church he founded a jiately Palace for himfelf. 2. Everard 3 . William Tuibus. Jn his time the Cathedral Church at Norwich was burnt with fire. 4. John of Oxford. This manfiniflied the Church rehich Hethett left unperfe£led, andre- f paired that which by fire was late- ly defaced. The fame year he died the Church was again defaced with fire, 5. John de Gray." After the death of Johnde Gray the See was void forfeven years. Pandulfus , the Pope's Legat. After his death the See was void three years. Thomas de Blundevii Radulphus Wiiliarade Raleigh. 6. The Bifhoprick^ was then void by the Jpace almofi of three years. 10. Walter de Suffieid. He founded the Hojpital of 5f. Giles in Norwich , endowing it with Lands and great Pojfeffions. . He built alfo the Chappel of our Lady in the Cathedral Church, and in the fame Chappel was alfo buried. 11. Simon de Wanton 12. Roger de Skyrwing. Jn his time was a dangerous Sedition between the Citiz^ens of Norwich, and the Monks of the Cathedral church. 13. William Middleton 14. Ralph de Walpool 15. John Salmon 16. William Armyn 17. Anthony de Beck. He ufed his Monks too rigor oufly, and was poyfonedby his own Servants. 18. William Bateman. He forced the Lord Morley to carry a burning Taper in his handy through the ftreets of Norwich, Hnto the High Altar, for killi»g certain Deer in one of his Parks, and beating his Keepers. In his time happened a great Plague irt England. Jn Norwich then there_ died t|)e ClJUtC!) of Great Britain. 401 died ( be fides Religioui men ) to the number of $7 ioj^.. per J ens be- tween the fir ft of January, and the firjicf July, 1348. 19. Thomas Piercy 20. Henry Spencer 21. Alexander 2±. Richard Courtney 23. JohnWakering 24. William Alnwick 25. Thomas Brown 26. Gualter Hart 27. Jamei Goldwel 28. Thomas Jan 29. Richard Nyx 30. William Reps 31. Thomas Tfairlby 32. JohnHopton 33. John Parkhurft 34. Edmond Freak 35. Edmond Scambler 36. William Redman 37. John Jegon 38. John Overal 39. Samuel Harfnet 40. Francis White 41. Richard Corbet 42. Matthew Wren 43 . Richard Mountaguc 44. JofephHall 45. Edward Rcinolds. Eifijops of Wdrcefter. Ethdred divided Mercia into five Diocejfes, whereof one w^ Worcefler. For the firfl Bifiiop of Worcelter , choice was made of one Tarfrith , a learned man, who died before he could be confecrated. After his deceafe. 1. BoMus fucceeded. 2. Oftforus 3. S. Egwyn, This man went to Rome with Offa, King of Mercia. He built the jibbey of Evefham. 4. Wilfridus 5. Milredus 6. Weremundus 7. Tilherus 8. Eathoredus 9. Devebertus 10. Hubert 11. Alwin 12. Werebertus 13. Wilfreth 14. Ethelhune, Abhotof Berkley. 15. Wilferth 16. Kinewold 17. S. Dunftan, 18. S.Ofwald 19. Aldulf 20. WuHlan 21. Leoffius 22. Briteagus Abbot of Parflior. 23. Living. 24. Aldred 25. S. Wulftan 26. Sampfon 27. Theulphus 28. Simon 29. Alured 30. John Paghara 31. Roger, 5o» f(7 f^e Earl of Glo- ceftcr. 33. Baldwyn, Abbot of Ford. 33. William de Northale 34. Robert , a Ca>:on of Lincoln^ Son unto William Fitz Ralph, Sc- ■ncfchd of Normandy. Fff \^5. He.vy, 4-5)2 %i)t:Mmiv of 35. Henry ,\u^bb6t of Glafl;Qn- bury. 3.6. JohndeConftantiis .^ J7. Mauger. . . - ■ //f wa.i om^ of them th:sf excamaiu- nicated King John,and imerdMr ed the Realm, and thereupon fied the Realm. 38. .Walter Gray. 39. Sylveil:er -; i ,'// -.- . 40. William de Bleyes ' 41. Walter Gantilupe, Son of William Xor^Cantilupe 42. Nicholas, Archdeacon of YAy, and Chancellor of England 43:. Godfry Giffard, Archdeacon of Wella, end Chancellor of Eng- land. 44. William de Gainsborough 45. Walter Reynolds, fometime School-moiftir to King Edward the Second ; firfi TreaJ%re->:, then Chancellor of England ; bsane Bifjop of Worcefter. 46. VVaker Maidftone 47. Thomas Cobham 48. Adam Tarl ton 49. Simon Montacure 50. Thomas Henibal 51. William de Bransford 52. JohnThnsby 53. Reginald Brian 54. John Barnet 55. William W'icdefey 56. William de Lynne 57. Henry Wakefield 58. Tidemande winchcomb 59. Richard Clifford 60. Thomas Peverel 61. Philip Morgan 6z. Thomas Poulton 63. Thomas Bourchier 64. John Carpenter 65. JohnAlcock 66. Robert Morton 6y. JohnGyglis 68. Sylvefier Gyglis 6g. luliusMediccs 70. Hieronymus de Nugutib 71. Hugh Latimer 72. lohn Bell 73. Nicholas Heath 74. lohn Hooper 75. Richard Pates 76. Edwyn Sandys 77. Nicholas Bullinghan: 78. lohn Whitgift 79. Edmond Freak 80. Richard Fletcher 81. Thomas Bilfon 82. GervafeBabington 8*3. Henry Parry 84. lohn Thorrtboj'ow • 1 85. lohn Prideaux _ I 86. George Morley .■ 87. lohn Giuden ! 38. Robert Skinner I 89. Walter Biandford. . BifUa^s-^ Hereford. An Efifco'^al Seat being efiabli^ed at Hereford, 1. V\ii\3^wai ir.adi the frjt Biffjop ibsrccf. ' 2. Tirbtellus 3. Torteras ' _ 4. Walftcdus 1. Curhbert- 6. Podda 7- £cca 8. Ceadda 9. Albercus io . £fna II . Ceolraundus 1 - i2.llrei^ Great Britain. 40] 12. 13. 14. 15- 16. 17- 18. 19 20. 21. 22. 23 ZA. 25. Uteljus Wulfhardus Benna £dulf Cuthwulf Mucel Deorlaf Cuneraund £dgar Tidlielm WulfheJm Afrike Athulf £thelftan bnilded the Cathedral Church from the ground. He iy,« a, holy man, and blind thirteen years be- fore his death. z6. Leovegar, Chaplain to Duke Harold. Matthew Weftminfter^jwr this te~ Jiimofiy of him, that he wm un- doubtedly Dei famulus in omni Religione perfeftus; ^cclefia- rutn amator^ viduarum & orpha- norum defenfor ; oppreflbrnm fubverfor, virginitatis poffeffor. Griffin, King 0/ Wales, ajfaulted the City, took it, flew the Bifliop, and feven of the Canons of the Church, foiled it of (til the por- table Reltcks, and Ornaments, and then fired both Church and City. 27. Walter 28. Robert Lozing; An excellent Mathematician . 29. Gerard 30. Roger, the Quetns Chancel- lor, 31. GeofFry de Glyve, Chaplain to King Henry theFirfi. 32. Robert Bertune, Prior of Lan- thony, a maii n:uch employed by the Pope in all his Itijinejfes within the Realm, 3 3 . Gilbert Foliot, Abbot of Glo- cefter. 34. Robert deMeluti 35. Robert Felloe ■ 36. William le Vere, agreat Buil- der. 37. Giles de Brufe, Son of Wil- liam Brufe, Lord of Brecknock. 38. Hugh de Mapenor 39. Hugh Foliot 40. Ralph de Maidftone;- He refigned his Bi(Ijoprick. , and be- came a Franci.fcan Frier, Anno 1239- 1 41. PcKv JEqueblank. ! He caufed King Hemy the Third to lay fuch Taxes on the Clergy, as ahijofl' beggaredthem. An. I255. The Barons arrefied him in his own Cathedral , feiz.ed on his goods, divided his Treafure unto their Souldiers before his face,and long kept him in pr if on in the Ca- file of Ordeley. 42. lohn Breton, agreat Lawyer. 43 . Thomas Cantilupe ; Of an an- cient Houfe . He was by the Pope Sainted after his death. All the Bifiops of Hereford , fmce his time, do bear his Coat of Arms, as the Coat of their Sea. G. three Leopards heads jeafaut, tjiree Flower de luces O. ' 44. Richard de Swinfield 45. Adam Tarlton 46. Thomas Chailcon.- He was Lord Chancellor , and chief Juftict 0/ Ireland. 47. lohnTrilleck • 48. Lewis Charlton 49. Wjlliani Counr.ey 50. lohn Gilbert 51. lohn TiefnaiU. Hewas fe.:ttoB^om^, to inform the F f f 2 i ''.;'<-• 404 %i)t ^i^mv of To e of the Title of King Henry the Fourth to the Cravnu 52. Robert Mafcal. He was Corfeffor to Henry the Foitrih. He built the §>uire , Presbytery, and Steeple of the Wbice-Friers rw London j ^ave ra.my rich Orn.%ments to that Honfe ; died , and was buried there. He was often Ambajfador to wnny Forreign Princes. He, ivith two other Bijlieps, vras fent to the Council of C onftsnce. 53. £dmond Lacy 54. Thomas Pokon 55. Thomas Spofford $6. •Richard Beauchamp 57. Reynold Butler 58. lohn Stanbery ^g. Thomas Milling 60. £umondAwd]ey 61. Hadrian de Caftello 62. Richard Mayo : Prefident of Magdalen Colledo-e for the fj^cce of twenty [even years , and Al- moner to King Henry the Seventh . Anno 1 501. he was [em into ■ Spain , to fetch the Lady Kathe- rine, to be married to Prince kt- thur. 63. Charles Booth, ChanceBor of the Mtrrches of Wales. 64. Edward Fox, a learned man, and fccretly a favourer of the true Religion. Mr. Bucer dedi- cated his Comment lifon the Evan- gelifis to him. Hirr:f'eif alfo wrote divers Books yet extant. He was Provofi alfo of Kings Colledge as long as he lived. 65. £dmond Bonner. 66. lohn Skyp 07. lohn Harley 68. Robert Warton 69. lohn Scory 70. Herbert Weftphaling 71 . Robert Benet/Df^« of Wind- for. He repaired the Bifhops Houfes of Hereford ofid Whir- burn. 72. Francis Godwin , Bijtjop of Landaff. 73. George 74. Nicholas Monk. 75. Herbert Crofts. SiJJjops of Seller. I. Wilhid^Arhbipop of York, be- ing banjflied by Egftid , King of iNorrhumbrrland , preached the Goffcltothe South-Sasons. Ediwalcf), the King of that Coun- trey, had a little before received the Faith of Chrif, by the per- fwafion tf Wiilphur JC.o/Mercia. He made, much cf Wilfrid, and ajpgncd mm an habitation in SeU- ley , a place all cornpajfcd akotu with the Seax e.xcept one way, all that Land, containing eighty fi- ve-^ hoiifljolds, this King gave un~ to Wilfrid for his maintenance l He built a Monafiery, and efia- blified his Cathedral See in the fante. He converted, and bapti^ z.ed, great nurKbers of pco^le^ and was f.yfi Bifiop thereof^ 2. Eadbert 3. Eolla 4. Sigga, or SJgfrid 5. Alubrith 6. Eo~ tlie ClJUrCl) of Great Britaiij. 405 6. Bofa 7. Gilelher 8. Tota 9. Wigthun 10. Ethelulph Beornege Ccnred 13. Guthard 14. Alfred Eadeim Ethelgar Oidbright Elmar Agelred - II 12 IS- 16. 17- 18. 20. Grinketel 21. Heka, Chaflais te King Ed- ward the Confejfor. 22. Agelrike, a man skilful in the Laws, and Cufioms of the Land. He was aptointed by King Wil- liam the Conqueror to ajfifl Gof- frid , Bifhof of Conftantia , in judging a great controverjie be~ tvpeen Lanfrank the'ArchbiJhop, and Odo , Earl of Kent, the King's Brother, in aConvocaUort holden at Windfor. EiJIjop of Chichefl:er» 1. Stigand , Chaplain to the Con- queror , tranflatcd his Sea from Sdfey ( an obfcure Jilace , and now eaten up by the Sea, fo that every high water covereth it ) un- to Chichefter, of old called Cif- fan-cefter. So he was the frj^Bi" (}:opof Chichefter. 2. William 3. Ralph , a man of a very high Jlaiure, and no lefs of a very high mind. He built the Cathedral Church at Cliichefter froM the ground. It was fcarcely finijh- ed, when as May 5. 1 1 14. it was defaced, and a great fart of the City confumed with cafud fire. He repaired it by the liberality of the King, and' fame others. He was-,, \ a great Houfe-keeper, and Alms: giv r , and a painful Preacher, yearly vifiting his whole Diocefs^ preaching in every jiace thrice, ^ reprehending, and ptnijhing fin five rely. 4. Seffridus, Abht of Glafton. 5. Hilary 6. John de Greenford 7. Scffridus the Second. In his time, fcil. Odober 19. 1187. the Cathedral Church , together with the whole City, was cafually confumed with, fre : the Church, and his own Palace, he both re- edified in goad, fort. 8. Simon de Weils 9. Richard Poor 10. Ralph deWaifianf- He gave to the Church a. Wind?mi$'. ?«Bifhopfton. t ■. , ,f; ,- '■_ 11. Ralph Ncvil', Ch.tiiseHori of,- England. He built Lincolns- Inn from the groiand , to be an- Houfe of Receipt, for himfelf': ' a'^d hit SucccjJors.il vt>hAH,'.tJ^e.p; fl)ould come to Londoo!- iAfte» hisi ;; time it ci^f? to the PoJJcJJien of Henry Lacy , Earl of Lincoln, who foMCwhat enlarged it, and left ' it the name which now it h.'.th. 12. Richard de la Wychc .- He was born at Wych in Worcefter- fliire i 4o6 mjt m^m? nt -fhire ; be ivM a holy ahd'lekriit-i - ■' WA^^ dilt^em in ^iaahihg': tinii ca7-o-iiK.cd feven years after his ' death. ■ is . John Ciypping.; He bmh the -V ^Mafinor'houfc- of- Di-ungwiGk , -! an/dgave it- unto his 'Churchi ■ i-f. .Stepheiidi^ Barkft^d'- 1-5. Gilbert deStoieo fardo 16. John de Lzngion ^ fomctlme - ■ Chancellor nf England . He built a toll ly Window inthe -Sd-ilh part of th.'it Chm^chi I J. Roberc Sciatford^ Brother to J.ohn Straiford, u4rchl>:Jloap of Canterbury ; He found means to drive away Scholars from Stam- ford , that began to fettle thern- felves there. 18. William Lulimer ' .'. 19. William Read. He built the C^file of Amberley,^??^ the Library of Merton-colledge, vphere he left his Figure., and ma- ny Tables, and Afironomied In- firuments. 20. Thomas Rufliock 21. Richard Mitford 22. Robert Waldby 23. Robert Read 24. Stephen Patington 25. Henry Ware 26* John Kemp 27. Thomas Polton 28. JohnRikinpale 29. Simon Sidenham 30. Richard Praty 31. AdaraMoIines j 32. Reginal Peacock 5 Hewoi^ 1 irivedof his B'fwprickj ' ' '33. Jpi)n Arondel I 34. Edward Story 35. Richard Fitz- James 36. Robert Sherborri 37. Richard Sampfon 38. George D.iy; Dep-ivedkn- no 1 55 1. reSIored by Queen Ma- ry^ after he had long lain frifoner in the Fleet. He was Brother unto William Dzy,lof!g after Bishop of Winchefter. ' 39- JobnScory.- By' QueenU^ry he was diJpLfced , and by ^teen Elizabeth preferred to Here- ford. 40. John Chriftopherfon. He was deprived by A^ of Parlia- ment, in^een Elizabeths re/^^. He gave unto Trinity-colledge many Books, Greek., Hebrew, and Latin. 41. William Barlow 42. Richard Cur reife 43. Thomas Bickley. He bequeathed unto Merton-col» ledge, in Oxford, an hundred pounds^ to Magdalen-colJedge forty pounds, and gave divers ether fums of money to other good ufes. 44. Anthony Watfon 45. Lancelot Andrews 46. Samuel Harfenet 47. George Carleton 48. Richard Mountague 49. Henry King 50. Peter Gunning. Bijheps tlje CijUrCl) of Great Britain. Bipop nc/ns of their Ctjurch, Writings , Evidences , yea, and of great part of their L.inds, Pof. 4o8 Xfte iiiltoiv of Pojfeljlons, arid Frivlledges. He buih the Hojpital at Stroud near Rochefter, and endowed it xvith fifty fxo foKiids yearly revefiue. .38. Eenedidns 39. Henry de Sandford. Tbii man preaching at Sictingburrij before a great ytHdieace, declared openh. That God had revealed unco him now three feveral timi;s,how that onfucha day the Souls of King Rich/trd the Firft, Stephen La?igton ,\iX.i Archbifliop and another Prieft, were deliver- ed out of Purgatory. 40. Richard de vyendover 41. Lau.Tnceof St.}.Iartia 42 . Walter de Mercon,Lcr<^ Cfc4»- Cc7/or of England. Before he was a Bip^f /;et«//f Mcrton-coUedge in Oxford, 43. John de Biadfield 44. Thomas Inglechorp 45. Thomas de Woldham 46. Haymo, Carfejfor to King Ed- ward the Second. 47. John de Sheppey 48. William Wittlefey 49. Thomas Trillick 50. Thomas Brencon 51. WiilianaBoklliam 5-- 53- 54. 55 56. 57. 58. 59 60. 6j, John Boltfhani Richard Young John Kemp lohnLangdon Thomas Brown lohn Wells, lohn White Tiiomas Rotheram I-jhn Alcock lohn Ruffcl 62. Edmor.d Awdley 63. Thomas Savage 64. Richard Fi.z-Iames 65. lohnFiilier 66. lofanHilfey 67. Nicholas Heath 68. Nicholas Ridley 59. lohnPoynec 70. lohn Scory 71 Maurice Griffin 72. Edmond Gueft 73. Edmond Freak 74. lohn Piers 75. John Yoang 76. WiiJiam Barlow 77. Richard Neile 7§. lohn Buckeridge 79. Walter Curie 80. lohn Bowles 81. lohn Warner 82. lohnDolben. Bijho^s tl)e Ct)ttt:cl) of Great Britaim. 40^ Bfpopf of Oxford. Ahout the year 730. Didan, Z>«]^e of Oxford, hy the re^Hefi of hit Daugh- ter, built A Monaflery there far Nuns , and appointed her the Abhefs, Anno 847. in the time of King Ethelred, certain Dines flying into this Afonafiery, to fave their lives from the cruelty of the EnglHh purfuing them, the Monajiery was burnty and they all burnt in the fame; but it was Jliortly after re-edified by the faid King, and further enriched with divers PoJfeJJtons This Monafiery was negleSied, but Anno 11 10. Guimundus, Chaplain to King Henry the Firft, became Prior ^ this renewed Monajiery, re- paired its ruines^ and, by the favour of the King, recovered unto it what Lands foever had been given heretofore unto the Nuns . Jnthis fiate it continued, until Cardinal Wolfeygot licenfe to convert it inta aCelledge, Anno 1524. ^^//twg- «> Cardinals-colledge. Hff leaving it unperfeil. King Henry the Eighth gave it a foundation, the fiile whereof he firft appointed to be, Coilegium Regis Henrici Oftavi : but afterwards he entitled the Church, Ecclefia B. Maris de Ofney. He tranflated that See to the forefaid Colledge, placing in it a Bifiop, a Dean, eight Prebendaries , a ^uire, and other Officers ., and finally filled it , EcdtRa. Chridi Cachedralis Oxon , es fundatione Regis Henrici Oftavi, The Bijhofs were, I. i^obertKiog 2 c HughCurwyn 3. lohn Underhill 4. lohn Bridges 5. lohn Howfon 6. Kichard Corbet 7. lohn Bancroft ; 8. Robert Skinner 9. WilJiamPaul 10. Walter Blandford 11. Nathanael Crew, Sfn to the Lord Crew. Bijljops of Gfocefter. Ofrike, King of Nortliumbcrlaad, founded a Nunnery inthe City of Glo- ccfter, in the year j CO. Kineburg, Eidburg, and Eva, Queens o/Mercia, were Ahbejfesof thLs Monafiery one after another : it wu d-'ftroyed by the Danes, a::d lay wafte until Aldred, A.chbijhop of York, re-edified the fame , Anno 1060. andrepleniflied itwith Monki, and ere^ed from the very fatn- datim that goodly Church, which is now the Cathedral See of that Dio'^ • cefs. G g g ' Being 4IO %}^ ^io^m of Being given into the hands of King Henry the Eighth by Parliament, he allotted the Revenues of- jf^^vnfo.the maintenance of a Bijlio^^ a Dean, fix Frebend.iries, and other Minijiers.. The Bijhops xvere.. I. John Wakeman , Ahbot of Tewksbury j he xtas confecrated the fi^fi Bifljop of this nexf ereBi' on, September 7. 1541. 2^ John Hooper . He was burnt at Glocefter, for the frofejfion of the Gojpel, in ^eenM^xies dayes. 3:- James Brooka. 4: Richard Cheiney 5. John BuUingham -6. Gbdfry Gouldsboroo^h 7. Thomas Ravis 8; Henry Parry 9. Giles Thorofon 10. Miles Smith 11. Godfry Goodman: 12. William Nicholfon 1,5. Prichard. Bjpops /?/ Peterborough,. Bcnda, the Son e/Penda, the fir fi King of Mercia that was a Chrijiian] bsgati the fn-fidation of o^p^n^^v.^m^^.* *-^^,c.,j/»^.juv, «,.^«-..^... edthe Revenues of the fame urito the maintenance of a Bijhopy a Dean, fix Prebendaries, and other Officers. 1. Paul Bnfli was the fir/i BifhoP of Briftol. ;■* 2. lohnHolyman 3. Ricbard Cheiney. 4. lohnBuliingbara 5. Rkliard Fletcher 6. John Thornborough 7. Nicholas Fel ton 8. Rowland Searchfield 9. Robert Wright 10. George Cook 11. Robert Skinner 12. lohnWeftfield 13. Gilbert Ironfide 14. Cirlton Bijldopi of Chefter. King Henry the Eighth cmverted the Monaflery ( the Church whereof there firfi built by that famoui Earl LeofricuSj and dedicated unto St. Wergburgj into a Cathedral Church, ereiled a new Bifhoprick^ there. The Bijhops mre^ 1 . lohn Bird .- He was deprived in Qiiten Maries dayesi 2. lohnCoates 3. Cuthbert Scot 4. William Downham 5. William Chadderton 6. HughBellot 7. Richard Vaughan 8. George Lloyd 9. Thomas Morton 10. lohn Bridgeman 11. lohn Walton 12. Henry Fern 13. George Hall. 14. lohn VVilkins 15. lohn Pearfon. Ggg2 BiJIiops 4u AlAri;ii:%^t^t^tnVQt BiJJjops of S. Davids. 1. David, V-fi'kle te King Arthur, removed his See from Caerleon to Menevia, which ever fince, from him ,, is called St. Davids. He fate fixty five years , and died. Anno 642. Living firli built twelve Adenalreries in the Coun- trey thereabout , being now one hundred forty fix years ef age. 2. Cenauc, whowas firfi Bijhop of Patern., V. Teilaw - 'i ... vids never ■ fubjeH-ed themfehes unto Canterbury, until the time of KingHeaiy the Fir ft, King of England. 26. KudiRe 27. Rodheric 28. Elquin 29. Lywarch 30. Nergu- 5r. Hubert 32. Ever us 33. Morgenu This man of dl the Bijhops if St.. Davids, firfi refufed to eat flefio, faith Giraldus. 34. Nathan 35. levan: He continued only one night.. 36. Arguftd. 37. Morgenveth .38. Hernun , a godly and learned man. 39. Carmerin- 40. lofeph 41. Bleithnd. 42. Sulghein , , .■ tnn-H ' 43 . Abraham , 44. ^ythmarch. • 45. Wiifi-id 46. Bernard 47. David Fitz-GeralJ. 48. Peter. His Church had been often deftroyed.:,'. in former Ages^, by Danes , and other Pyrats^ and in his timewoi alr.ofi ruined. He befimved rXuch in re-edefying the fame 5. and way . in fome fort be f aid to bavehntb' th: Church which novf. ftandeth. . 49. Sylvefter Giraldus;. fis was j comrKonly called Giraldus Cam- I ,, hi'enfis= . tl)e CljtttC!) of Great Britain. 4M brenlis. He was Son unto G iraJ- dus dc VVindfor, that built the Caftle of Pembrock. and Nefta, the Sifter of Griffith ap-*ice, ap-Tfaeodore, Prince of VVaks, Ke .wrote a defeription vf Eng- land, Ireland WVVales. Of many Books that he wrote you may find'the Catalogue in lohn Bale. 50. Edward, an Abbot. 51. Alfelmas 52. Thomas, Archdeacon of "Lm- coln. 53. Richard Carren 54. Thomas Beck 55. David Martin 56. Henry Govver 57. lohn Thorsby 58. Reginald Brian 59. Thomas Falftaf 60. Adam Houghton 61. lohn Gilbert 62. Gray Mohun, Keeper of the Privy Seal : he was for a while Lord Treafurer of £ngland. C>3. Henry Chichley 64, lohn Keterich 65, Stephen Patrington 66. Benet Nichols 67. Thomas Rodburn^ a great- jifathematiciany andHiJioriegra- . fher. 68. William Lynwood, Bailor of Law. 6g. lohnLangton 70. lohn Delabere 71. Robert Tully 72. Thomas Langton 73. HughPavy 74. lohn Morgan j. 75. Robert Sherborn 76. Edward Vaughan 77. Richard iJawlins 78. VViiliam Barlow 79. iJobert Ferrars. He was burnt at Carmarthen for the Truth, March 30. 1555. in ^eenlAzxm dayes. 80; Henry Morgan. We pronounced the fentence of death again ft his Predecejfor, and inva^ dedhisBiJIioprick,: hewasdifpla- eed in the beginning of the reign, of §lueen Elizabeth. 81: Thomas Young . 82: .Richard Davies 83: MarmadukeMiddleton. 84: Anthony /Judd 85: Richard Milborn^ 86: William Laud 87: Theophilu, Field. 88: .Roger Manwaring, i • 8p: William Lucy.. Bifhop of DandafF. 1: Dubritius 2.- Telian 3.- Odoceus 4; Ubylwynus 5c Aid an 6.- £lgirtil 7.- Licnapeius S; Coxnergen. fe^ p.- Argiflwil lO.- Gurvan II.-. Guodoloin , 12; £dilbiu 13: Grecielus 14; Bertygwyn 15.- Trychan 1 6,- £lgovus J75-Cac7g of V Val es gave many firiviledg.es 1 his church. .". : •.■ 29.' Herewald : he [me fifty eight years. ' " 50: Urbaiius. ll.ViQvtden faith, He was confc- crated Bifliop of this Church, ^m/o 1 1 08. His See being Ipoiled, and the Church ruined, he obtained Letters of the Pope from the Council ofB.hemes, to the King and Archbifliop for a fupply to repair it : which he obiained , and began to build the Church of Z^Wi?^, as now it is. He feeketh to recover di- vers Lands, taken from his See by the Bifhop of St. Davids ^ and dteth in his way to Rome. 31: Uhtrid 32.- Geoffry 33: Nicholas apGurgant 34. William de falfoMarifco 35. Henry, Prior of Burgavenny. ZJtttil this man's time the Bifjo^rick^ and Chapter was one body , and their fofjejfom not fevered, 36. William, Pmj- of GoldcHff. 37. Elias deRadnor 38. William deBurgo 39. ]ohn dela Ware 40. William- de Radnor ^1. William de Brews 42. Johnde Monmouth 43. Johnde Egglefcliff 44. John Pafcal 45. Roger Cradock 46. Thomas Rufhock 47. William dc Bottlefham 48. Edmondde Bromfield 49. Tideman, Abbot of Bcd.uWm 50. Andrew Barret • 5 1 . lohn Burghil 52. Thomas Peverel 53. Johnde la Zouch 54. lohnWellys 55. Nicholas A/hby !: 56. John Hundeii — " 57. JohnStnith 58. JohnMar/hal 59- lohnlngleby 60. Miles Saley 61. George de Arthegua, a Spani- ard, ^»^ Dominican ' ' 62. Robert Holgate 63. Anthony Dunftan, orKitchin 64. Hugh lones 65. William Blethin 66. Gervafe Babington 67. William Morgan 68. Francis Godwyn 6g. George Carjeion 70. William Murrey 71. Morice 72. Hughyoyd ji. Davies. JBiJhops tl)eCl)ttWl)Of Great Britain. i!i BiJIiop of Bangor. r. Hervaeus 2: David Maurice William , Prior of St, Augu- ftincs Guianus - Albahus Robert of Shrewsbury Caducanus Howel Richard Anianus Caducanus Gruffin Lewes Matthew Thomas deRingfted 17: Gervafe de Caftro 18: Howel John Gilbert lohn , called Epifcopus Clo- venfis zr. lohnSwaffham- 22: Richard Young. 23: Lewes 24: Benet Nichols 25: William Barrow 26: Nicholas 27: Thomas Cheroton i8; lohn Stanberry 3: 4: S- 6. T- 8: 9- 10: 11: 12: 13: 14: 15- 16: 19: 26: 30: 31: 32: 33: 34- He 29: lames, c^/W Epifcopus Acha- denfis Thomas Ednan Henry Dean Thomas Pigot lohn Penny Thomas Skevington. hmlt all the Cathedral Church ■ from the Qjure downward, except- ing that the two fides were partly fianding. He was confecrated. lune 17. 1509. 35: lohnSalcot lohn Bird Arthur Bulkley William Glyn 39: Rowland Merrick 40: Nicholas Robinfon Hugh Bellot Richard Vaughan Henry Rowland He gave four Bells to the Church of Bangor : he gave alfo two fel- lowjhipsto lefus-coUedg^ »■» Os-s^ ford 44: Lewes Baily 45: David Dolben 46: William Roberts 47: .Robert Morgan 48: Humphtey Lloyd. , , .j 36; 37: 38: 41; 42: 43 I ■> ' ' ..i ! ^" I - ' .I * Ei^lOpi /^\6 %\)t ^moiv of BiJIicfs of St, Afaph. About the year 560. Kcntigern, Bi^ioj of Glafcow in Scotland, being driven out of his o-vn Countrey, erefled a Mo-nnflery for himfelf, and his company, between the Rivers of Eiwyi a/idElwy -, veherei in procefs of time, having builded a Church, and fame other Edifices fit for his enter' tainmem, there fiocked unto him fitch mnltitudesof pecfle, asthe' nunf- . her of his Mo::kj amoH/itedto nolefs thai fix hundred and fixty. Hii Church xv.ts firfi bnilt of timber, and afterwards of fione. Malgocunus, a Britifij King, allowed the fame Church to be an Epifcopal See, and endowed it with divers Ltrrdfivps, Manmrs, and Priviledges. The Bifijop of that See rras then called ElvenfiSj of the River near which it fi-andith, and this Kentigern bxame the firfi Bifijop of the fame. After many years he was called heme into Scothnd, whereupon he gave over ihis Bifiio^rick. tmto a Difcijle of his, called Afaph. In the time of King Edward the Seco::d there were five Manfion-hoifes belonging to it, in which the Bifiiops ufedtoreftde, fcil.Laaelwy, Altmaliden, Lande- g!ia, Nauverg, ^md St. Martins : of all nrhicb there noxf remaineth t» them Lanelwy only. Great h-ivock^ WAsmade of this Church in the reign of King Henry the Fohrthby Owen Gkndover, fince which time the Canons jrloafes Vfere never re^'aired. 2. St. Afaph, j Of him the Cathedral Chunh was j ever after, even unto this dav, caU \ led EccleOa Afaphenfis. fie was'>. a man of great learning and ver- | tae. Who Cucceededhim for fame bimdreds of fears after we find not. 3 . The next that is mentioned , is Gcoffry of Monmouth^ the Hi- florian. Of ^Benedidine Monk^ he becam-e Bifiiop of St. Afaph, Anne 1151. 4. Adam, ^Welch-man 5: ^eynerus 6: Abraham He gave h.ilf the Tithes ofWlSX- ham to this Church. 7; Howel Edncvic 8. Anianus theFirft 9: Anianus the Second.- a Domi- nican, Cotifejfor to Edward the Firft. lohn, £/jr/o/ Arundel, gave much Land to him and his Succejferst and ( after him ) lobn, his Sony add' a more. 10 : Lewellin de Bromfield II.- David ap Blethin 12.- Ephraim 13.- Henry 14; lohn Trevor 15." Llewelin ap Madoc, ap £lis 16: William de Spridlington 17: Laurence Child, a Monk, of the Abbey of Bitu]. 18: Alexander BacI) 19: lohn Trevor 20: Robert t\)t CljtttCl) of Great Britain. 417 20. Robert 21, John Low 22 Reginald Peacock 23. Thomas 24. Richard Redman 25. David ap Owen 26. Edmond Birkhead 27. Henry Standifh 28. William Barlow 29. Robert Warton 30. Thomas Goldwel 31, Richard Davies 32, Thomas Davies 33, William Hughes 34; William Morgan 35. Richard Parry 36. John Hanmer 37. John Owen 38. George Griffith 39. Henry Glemhara 40. Ifaac Barrow BiJJjops of Lindisfarn. i, Aidan, who chofc for his See a ' little I/land, c.'.tled Lindisfarn, fjow calledHoly Ifland, vphere he, .. and divers of his Succcffors led their lives. He travelled ap and down the Conntrey on foot to f reach the Gojpel, giving xvhatfoever he _ eould get unto the poor. He died AugnS: 31. Anno65i,/flr grief of the death of King Of- wald, who WM traiteroufly fain twelve dayes before. 2. Finan. He firft built a Church for his See in the JJia/td all of timber , and co- vered it with reed. 3. Colraaa. He gave over hii Bijhopriak , and re- turned »»to Scotland . 4- Tuda 5. Eata 6. St. CHthbert, £iJhop of LindJs- farn ; he is famed for his San* Elity. 7. Wilfrid 8. Eadbert. He cover eth the Chnreh with Lead, 9. Egfrid 10. Ethelwold 11. Kenulfus 12. Higbald. : In his time the Danes /po'iled the Church, and Monafiery, and the Monks forced to leave it, 13. Egbert 14. Eanbert 15. Eardulph. Intke?neantJmctht BiJIjops of Haguftald were. 1. Aca 2. Fritherbert 3. Athmund 4-' Titherus 5. Ethelbert 6. Heanred 7. Eanberthus ■8. Tidferthus. Hhh Bijhps 4i8 Xl)e ^i^oiv of BiJI)op'of Chefter on the Street. 1. E^rdulph Vpn the burning of Lindisfarn . re- moved his See to Chelter on the Street , anciently called Cune- ceftre. And by Elfredo andGw- t^red , Kings of Northumber- land , dl the Countrey betvreen Tine andTiknn vpere given tothe fame See. 2. Cuthardus 5. Milred 4. Wichred 5. Ughtred 6. Sexhelrn, He being covetoiu, was fo terrified with a Vifion of St. Cuthbert , that he \vas forced to lea.e the 7. Aiffms^oz-Elffig. He Was the laft Bifliop of Lindisfern,. or Chefter on the Street. Bijfjofs of Durham- I-. Aldhunus, or Aldvinus, -was cwfecrated Bifhof, Anno 995. He with his Monks ca^ie to Dur- hafDj or rather Dunholm j which is componnded cf two Saxon words, Dna fignifying an Htll^andUolm an Jfland in a River ; a place full of Woods. He with the help of Uthred , Earl of Northumber- land, caufcd the Woods to be cut down, cleanfed the place., and in jfoort time made it habitable. A Church was f./lfhed there in the time of this Bijhop. He was SchooUmajhr unto the Children of King Ethelred, Elfred, and Ed- - ward, that aftewardreigned,and zscalledEdwurdihe Confejfor. 2. Edmond. The A4o/ihs and Priejis contending about a Succejfor to Aldhunus, . this Edmond came among them, and {.eajlingly^ offered hinfelf to.be their Biflwi ; and tlpey chofe hint againfi his will, he having a better mind to a Tennis-court than, a Monks Hood, Malmsb. lib. j; dePont. He much adorned his Church, and the City with build- 3. Eadred 4. Egelrick. He bulldeda Church at Cuneagecc- ftre : in digging the foundation of this Church, he found fo much money, that he cared not for the Biflioprick^t but refigned it unta Egel wyn his Brother, and return- ed to the Monafiery of Peiexbo- rough, whence he came. He made the Cawfey from Deeping to Spalding. He was afterward ac- cafed to the Concjueror of Treafon, and takeJi out of his Monafiery y and imprifoned at Weftminfter, where he died. 5. Egel wyn. He was BiJIipp at the coming in of the Coif tlje CljUrCj of Great BRn?AiN. 4^9 Conqueror, he forfook Durham^ and carried his Clergy with him unto the Chitrch of Landisfarn , but he was not long before they re- turned again. 6. Walcher, ot- Walter. He was fo rich, that he b' tight the Earldom of Northumberland of the King. . He and many of his Retinue were Jlain in the Church of Durharrij May 14. 1 080. and the Church burnt with fire , be- caufe ttvo of his Servants hadmur~ dered Leulfus, one of the Ance- fiors to the now Lord Lumley. R. Hoved. 7. William Kairlipho , Abbot of St. Vincent. He woi confecrate at Glocefter in the frefence of the King, and di- vers of his Nobles. He procured licenfeof Pope Gregory, to tran- Jlate the Monks of Yarrow to Durham. //ff expelled divers mar- ried Priefis out of his Church and fuffered only Monks to dwell there^ He pulled down the Church of Dmhaaa^that A\dhiinu^^ had built there, and began to er>El another far more magnificent, but lived net to finifh it. S. Ranulph Flambard 9. Geoff ly Rufus , Chancellor of England. He built theCaJHeof Alnerton. 10. William de Sta. Barbara. 11. Hugh Pudfey He built a fair Houfc at Derling- toii, M alfo the Church there. He founded the Priory of Finchal ; He bought Sadbui'y of King Ri- chard the Firft, and gave it unto his See.He built the Bridge of EI- vet, and the Galkry nttlie IVefi- end of his Cathedral Church, in which he placed the bones of Vene- rable Bede . He built two Hojfi- talsyoneat ?i\\extony another cal- led Sherborn. Vnto Sherborn he gave liberal maintenance for fixty five foor Lazier s, and a cer- tain number of Priefi:s. For a great fum of money JiT/wg- Richard made him Earl of Nonhumber- land- 12. Philip de Poidiers. Thi^ Bijhop, by the licenfe ef King Richard the Firfi, fet up a Mint at Durham , and began to coyn money there. Anno 1 196. 13. William de Marifco. 14. Richard Poor 15. Nicholas deFernham, 16. Walter deKirkham. 17. Robert Stitchel 18. Robert delnfula. 19. Anthony Beake 20. Richard de Bury. He was foon after Lord Chancellor, and within two years after that Lord Treafmeref England. He w 04 often employed in Ambajfages of great importance. What time of leifure he had, he fpent either in Prayer, or conference , with his Chaplains ( whereof he had many about him, and thofe ve- ry learned men ) or elfe in ftudy. His Study was fo well fiirnijhed with Bocks, chat it is thought he had more Books than all the Bi- (Idops in England . A£iny Letters faffed between him and Francis Petrarch, and other learned men in thofe dayes. Thomas Brad- wardine was then o:.'e of hi: Cb.t - lains , afterward Arcbbijhop of Canrerbury .• Richard Fitz- ' H h h z Ralph 420 %\)t m^mvof Ralph, afterward Arcbbijlw^ of Armagh, W Burley, J. Man- dut, R. Holcot, R. Killingeon, Doctors of Divinity , Richard Bincworth, and \V. Ss-agrove • I the one afcerrvard BiJJioJ) of Lon- don, the other of Chicbeiter. //e WOi very liberal to thepoar. -21. Thomas Halfield. //e built Durham colledge /w Ox- ford , MOW sailed, Trinity-col- iedge^ 22. John Fordham 23. Robert Nevil 24. Laurence Booth 25. William Dudley 26. John Sherwood 27. Richard Fox 28. William Severus 2^. Chriilopher Bambridge 30. Thomas Ruihal 31. Thomas Wolfey, Cardinal. 32. Cuthbert TonftaL 33. James Pilkinron 34. Richard Barnes 35. Matthew Hucton 36. Tobias Matthew 37. William James 38. Richard Neile 39. JohnHowfon 40. Thomas Morton 41. John Cozens. B/Jljops of CarJile.- Carlile being defiroyed by the Danes in the yen 900. it happened King- William Rufus p^j|/;«g- f^^f w^y. Anno 1090. re-edified it, and built a firong Cajile in the fame City. The Government of this nen> ere fled City xvas committed to a certain Nor- man Priejl, named Walter, that came into £ngland mth the Conque- ror. This man being very rich, began to build there a Church to the honour of the bleffed Virgin , but he died hef>re be could perfeEl the WOfki Adelwald, the firjt Prior of St. Ofwaldj and Confejfor to King Henry the Fir fi-) perfvo aded the f aid Ring to employ the Revenues that Waket left behind him, in the foundation of a CoUedge of Regular Canons, to ■■ be annexed unto the Church forementioned^ tie did fo, and moreover befiowed upon the faidColledge fix churches, mth their Chappels, to be i/npropriated to the fame ufe. ■The Bijhops of drlile veere^ Adelwald, the Prior forementi- oned. Barnard Hugh, j4bbot of Battel]. Walter Malcleck i Sylvefterdeiverdon 6. Thomas Vipont 7. Robert de Chaufe 8. Ralph de Ireton 9. John de Halton 10. JohndeRoffe John de Kirkby Gilbert de Welton Thomas de Appleby 14= Ro- tVjt Cl)Un|) of Great Britain. 421 24. Robert Read 29. John Kite, 15, Thomas Merkes 30. Robert Aldrich 16. William Strickland 31. Owen Oglethorp, that cremi' 17. Roger Whelpdalc ed Queen jElizabeth. 18. William Barrow 32. JohnBeft 19. MarteiadukeLurnley 33. Richard Barnes 20. Nicholas Clofe 34. John May 21. William Piercy 35. Henry Robinfon 22. JohnKingfcot 36. Robert Snowdon 23. Richard Scroop 37. Richard Milborn 24. £dward Story 38. Richard Senhoufe 2 J. Richard, Prior of Dmlam. 39. Francis White 26. William Sever 40. Barnaby Potter. 27. Roger Laburn 41. Richard Stern 2^. John Penny 42' £d ward Rainbow. Of. 422 %l)t ^lltO^P of of the manner of Injiallation of Bijheps herein Eng- land in former times. THe Inftallation of Bifliops was a Ceremony of great folemnity irv former Ages, the particularity whereof we find in Walter Stafleton, '- Bifhop of Excefier, in the beginning of the Reign of King Edward the Second, who was Gonfecrated (Jiiarch i8. 1307. When he came to £^cf/e>-tobeInftalled, at the Eaft-gatehc aHght- edfrom hisHorfe, and went on foot to St. Feter's Church, AU the way, where he fliould pais, being laid and covered with black Cloatb, on each hand he was condufted by a Gentleman of great worfliip , Sir Hugh Courtney (who claimed to be Sceward of his Feaftj going next before him. At Broad-gate he. was received by his Chapter and Quire in their Ornaments , with Te Ileum , and fo carried into the Church. The ufual Ceremonies being performed there , at his Palace a great Feaft was prepared for the entertainment of fuch Noble-men, and other Perfons of account, as repaired thither at that time. It is incredible, how many Oxen, Tuns of Ale and Wine are faid to have been nfually fpent at this kind of Solemnity, even fo much as the whole yearly Reve- nue, at this time, would not fuffice to pay for. Of tl)eCl)ttrCl)Ot Great Britain. 425 Ofthofe Englijhmen that have heenCardimh of the Church of Rome. J.^TpHE firft Leader of this Band is Pope Jo^w, called by Sabetticttt, 'B.l^.Gaivnyni X and feme others, fohn the Seventh, but by VUtina and other Writers, )'ofe« the Eighth; who being but a Womin, becaoae not one- ly Cardinal, but Pope of Rome : She was born at Mentz, in Germany, the Daughter of an Englifh Prieft, who having a Wife whofe Parents dwelt 2t Mentz,, bringing his faid Wife to fee her friends, flayed there fo long, till fhe was delivered of this Feminine Prelate, named in her Baptiftn foan, as moft fay ; Gilbena as others ; or as Fulgofus deliver- etb, Agnes. In her youth (he fell acquainted with an Englifh Monk of . the Abbey of f«Wpe Innocent the Second he was ■ fent for to Rome • by Celeftine the Second, -made Cardinal SanEti Eufebii^ .Anno 1 144. and by Luclm the Second, appointed the Pope's Chancel- -ior ; he died Anno 1150. . 4. Two years after the preferment of BuUen, Nicholas Breakjfear was • made Biiliop, Cardinal of Alba, and a while after Pope : he was born in Hartford- (Ijircut Abbots- Lan^ley, near unto St. Albans-^ a younger • brother of the houfe o( Breakjpear, and the Son of one Robert a mar- ried Prieft, the which ^oWf^wajiing old, and having loft his Wife, be- came a Monk in St. Albans, at which time his Son Nicholas was but a tender youth, reforting to his Father for relief and maintenance ^ the old man out of a fuperftiiious conceit that the next way to Heaven was to renounce all care of Friends, Children, and all things elfe, favewhat by the rule of their Order was enjoyned, in a rude and churlifh man- ner caft him off, willing him to try his fortune abroad, without expefting from him any manner of fuccer. He being thus turned off to the wide World without all means of livelihood, went over into France, and tra- velling through the Countrey found no entertainment till he came to Valemia in Provence, where the Monks of the Abbey of St. Rufiis feeing him a beautiful and towardly child, witty, and for his age very induftri- ous, took him in, and in procefs of time not onely admitted him inta their fraternity, but alfo chofe him firft Prior, and afterward Abbot, having in the mean time by painful ftudy attained to much learning. But many differences grew between him and his Monks, who accufed himof many things unto the Pope, that then was Eugeniin the third. He after examination of the caufe acquitted the Abbot, and fharply re- prehended the Monks as froward fellows, charging them hereafter to yield unto him as their Governour all dutiful obedience , notwithftanding which after a little while they renewed their complaints. And as be- fore, fo now, the Abbot anfwered all their accufations, and that with fuch eloquence, discretion and raodefty , as the Pope taking a great liking of the man, he told his Accufers they were unworthy of him j and there- fore willing them to feek for fome other for his place, with whom they might better agree ; he created him Bi/hop, Cardinal, of Alba., Anno 1 146. Soon after which time, upon experience of his great Wifdom and Learning, he fent him as his Legate into the Countries of Denmark^zn^: Norway, tijeCljUrc!) of Great Britain. 425 Norway, the Inhabitants whereof being then Pagans, heconverced unto Cbriftian Religion. Ac his return out ot thofe parts Anajfatius the Pope, who ( £«|fwi'?^ being dead in the mean rime) had fucceeded him, together with hib Cardinals, received him with great honour, muchap- ■proving his doings. It hapned that within a few moneths after his re- turn, the faid Pope died alfo : and this man alfo taking upon him the name of Hadrian ihs Fourth, was chofen Pope in hi room. This was He that brought under his entire obedience the Citizens of Rome ; that compelled the Emperor Frederick^ Barbarojf.i to hold his Stirrup, and appointed the Abbot of St. Albans to be the firft Khbotoi England, as Sr. Alban to whom the Abbey was dedicated, was the firft Martyr of England. Having fate four years nine moneths, he died at Anagnia, being choaked by a fly in his d; ink. 5. Somereport, that Cro/^j of ^^o^wow^, the Author of the Britifli Hiftory, was a Cardinal at ^o^z;?. This can hardly be made good, bur this is evident, he wasconfecratedBilTiop oiSc. Afaph, Anno u^i. 6. Biifa an Englifli-man, faith plon Bale, Nephew unto Pope Hadri- an, was made a Cardinal, and the Pope's Chamberlain, Anno 1155. his Titles were firfi; 55. CofmA & Damiani-, then 5. Crucis in Jerufalem, afterwards 5. ?udentian£,. Through his endeavour chiefly Alexander the Third was chofen Pope, by the voices of nineteen Cardinals : yet another Antipope was fet up againft him, hayng four voices oncly : Urj- derhim, the faid Alexander, he lived in great authority and favour, and died .y4K»o 1180. 7. The book entitled, Antlt^ultates Britannka, afcribed to the late va»A Reverend Archbifliop Matthew Parker, reporteth, how that William Corbet, ArchbiHiop of Cj«ff?to);)', being deceafed, Henry dc Bloys Bi- fliop of Wincbefier, and Brother unto King Stephen, procured himfeif to fae made a Cardinal, and appointed Legate i^ /.^ffrf from the Pope. 8. Herebcrt, born at Bojham in Snjfex, brought up in Oxford( where he proceeded Dodor in Divinity ) was Secretary unto Thomas Bcck^t, Archbifhop of Canterbury, at the time of the faid Beckct's fhnghterj "the Hiflory whereof he wrote (bellies divers other works) meniioned by John Bale. Pope Liiciui the Third made him Cardjinal, Amo 1 178. and bellowed upon him the Archbilhoprick of Bcneventim. 9. ^ohn Cummin, an Engl ifh man, and Archbifliop of Dublin, was created aPrieiVcardinal by Pope Luciiis the Third, at ytlitum. Anno 1 183. as teflifieth that venuous, learned, and eloquent man Giraldi'.i Cambrenjis. 10 Stephen Langton, afterwards Ai'chbilhop of Canterbury, was crea- ted Cardinal S.Chryj\o!!i, 1212. II. Rohm Cur [on-, a Gendeman well dcfcended, d^nAznOxfo-d-man, was made Cardinal of 5. Stcpbrn in CxUo montc : he was a good Divine, and eminent Preacher. From Oxford he went to Paris, where he pro- I i i ceeded 426 %\)t l^iftOlV Of ceeded Docfloref Divinity : A/ino izig. he was with King Z,erv^, the' French King, at the nk'ing of Damiat/i in Egypt; after that, in the time of Bonsriu^s the Third, he was here as Legate in England : he left behind him a fum of Divinity , and a Diftourfe touching the falvarion ofOrigen, certain ftslemn Lcdures, and fome other Works much cfteemed. 12. Robert Somerfcot made Cardinal of S. Eufiachm, Anno 1234. he was a man ( faith Matthew Paris ) difere'tpts gt- circurnJpeUH or/inikm amabilis rr.irito&gratiofia. He was to have been eleded Pope, after Pope Gregory the Ninth, but that fome of the Cardinals caufed him to be poifoned in the Conclave, where the Cardinals were affembled to make the eleftion. 13. Matthew Paris makeih mention of an Englifh Cardinal, called JohTT., that when the Pope was very angry , becaufe King Henry the Third withftood a certain exaftion of His, and threatned to do great mat- ters againft him, fought by many effeftual reafons to divert him from hh pubiick courfe, but to no purpofe, til) at length the King for fear of his thunderbolts, was fain to yield. This man died at the Council at Lyons, Anno 1274. 14. Atcherius, Archdeacon of London (where "^ohn Bale faith he was born^ was created Cardinal of S. Fraxedis, Annoii6i. He died at/ I.ome, November 1. 1286. and was buried in the Church to which he was entitled, - 15. William Bray Doftor of Divinity, an Englilh-man, between whom and the faid Archerm had been a long continued Band of friend- iliip even from their childhood. Being Archdeacon of Rhemes he was created by the fame Pope, Cardinal of S. yl/dri^, Amo Jz6z. He died at Civita Vecchia, Anno 1282- in the time of the vacancy. 16 JJo^frr A7/iv^r^j', being Archbifliop of C^«f£?-^«ry, reCgned his faid Archbiflioprick, to be Bifliop, Cardinal of Partus, whereunto he « was appointed by Pope Nicholas the Third. 17. Hugh de Evejhjm, being a Phyfician of the greatefl renown of any then living in the Chriftian World, as alfo well feen in the Mathe- maticks fefpecially in Aftrology) was fent for to ^c»«rf, by Pope /1-/^rf«» the Fourth, to gire his Gpi..ion in certain doubts, andqueftions of Phy- lick, which he perfoimedfo learnedly and readily, as gave great faris-,. fafl ion. He was created Cardinal of Sr. Laurence in Lucina, Anno 1 280. and Wis pDifoned. 18. 'John Bale tt^on^ih 01 o'[\zTheohaldpuznx.n^\fb.myx\, that (as he faith ; 'was created Cardinal S. Sabime in Avemino, by Pope Afaniri the Fourth, ^^;?.o 1289. 19. A Catalogue of Englifh Cardinals, in the Hifiory of Archbifhop- Parker, ffientioneth one Bern.rrd de AuguifceHo, that being Archbilhop-. of Arles^ was made Bifliop, Cardinal, of Tort na^ Anroiz^i. 3.nd died^ 1290. " _ ' ' 20. Jn tlje CljUtC^ of Great Britain. 427 20. In the faid Catalogue we find alfo one Berardus made Bifliop, Cardinal, of Franefie : Anno I268. he was fometime Canon of Tork : he died in June 1291. 21. The Regifter ol Ralph BaUock^, containing a Catalogue of the Deans of St. Paul'sy reporteth, that one Amoidiu de Cantilnpo, Dean of Faitls, was a Prieft Cardinal, Anno 1 306. 22. One Leonarduf GHercintts, is iikewife mentioned in the fame Cata- logue, he was made a Piieft Cardinal by Pope Ckmm the Fifth, Anae J310. 23.Pope BemdiB: the Elcventh,who himfelf had been a Friar-preacher, and General of that order, made (William MacklesfieU a Friar-preacher C a Batchclour of Divinity at Tarts, and Dodor at Oxford )z Cardinal S. Sahina, Anno 1303. whereas he had been dead then four moneths be- fore. His Cardinals hat notwithftanding was carried to London where he was buried, and with great folemnity fee upon his hearfe. He was born near Coventry. 24. Upon the news of MackUs field's death, the Pope ordained in his place, and to the fame title one Walter Winterhurn., born in Sarum, a Friar- preacher (as was the other} aDoftor of Divinity, ConfefTor to King Edward ihtlhiid, and Provincial of his Order. He enjoyed his honour not paft fifteen moneths, died in the eightieth year of his Age, Anno 1305. and was buried at Zo«(^o«. A man of great learning, whereof he left fome Monuments in writing not yet periflied. 25. Thomas Joyce tht next Provincial, of the Friars-preachers in Eng- land, fucceeded Wimerbum not onely in the place, but in his Cardinal- fliip too ; being Iikewife Doftor of Divinity, and Confeflbr to the King : being employed in an Ambaffage to the Emperor, he died on the way. Anno 1307. and was buried in the Church of the Friars-preachers in Oxford, where he had been brought up. He had fix brethren Preachers, by the fame Mother, whereof one named Walter, became Archbifliop of Armagh : Diverfe of his works are remembrcd by John Bale. 26. Sexteriui a Britan, that in his youth became a Francifcan Friar, of which Order he was chofen the nineteenth General, ^;zwo 1339. Then by Pope Innocent he was appointed firft Bi/hop of Murfilta, afier that Archbiihop oi Ravenna j then Patriarch of Grade, and laftly Cardinal : September iy. 1^1. but he died the fame moneth. He wrote aCom- mentary upon S. Augufiine de Civitate Dei, Expofitions upon divers parts of the Bible, Sermons, LeSures, and divers other difcourfes. 27. Pope Vrban the Fifth, named William Grifant, was ( as Thomas Walfingham affirmeth ) an Englifli-man : he was the Son of a'famous Englifl) Phyfitian, mmediUoWtlliam Grifant, brought up in Mcrton- colledge. Hedied December 19. Anno 1370. 28. The firft Cardinal created by the faid Vtban, was one AiigUcus Crimddi de Cnfaceoi who was fuppofed to have been an EngHlh man : " , ■ " 1 i i 2 but 428 %i)t i^i^mv of but al! acknowledge that he was the Pope's brother's fon, and fo Englijli •by defiienr. He was Cardinals. Petri ^d Vincula at firft and afterwards Eifliop Cardinal of J!ba: be died zz Avignon, JmoiiSj. having held in Co-^moi'liwmzr.y years the D^anary of Tork^ 29. Bale fuppofech fohu Thoresby, ArchbiOiop of York, to have been created a Prieftcardinal S. S.t^i?ri apprehended at one time no lefs than feven Cardinals ( this Cardi* nalbeino one) and after long impiifonment, caufed five of them to be fowed upintofacks, and with baibarous cruelty to be thrown into the Sea. But this man ( whofe good fortune it was to efcape ) he committed fo clofe prifon, till, by the earneft entreaty of King Richard the Second, !ie was alJowed fome more liberty, all his Livings being taken from hira. In that poor eflate he continued five years even until! the death oiVrban. His r\en[ucc€{{ov Boniface the Kmth, fet him quite at liberty, and re- ilored him to all his preferments again ; which thing was fojemnly decla- red to the Eftates affembled in Parliament at Wejir^infier , Anno 139a . after which time he lived feven years in great profperity, and died 5fp- ten.htr 19- i397« and was buried in his own title, where he hath a Monu-.-- ment of Marble with his Arnies and Pidure, and this rude Epitaph. Anibmifie fater famofus inomnibm Adain, Theologm fimmiis, cardique nalis erat. ... Anglia cui fatriam, Titn!tm dedit ifia Beat& Cceciliacj-, TSiorfnj; fupremapehm. . Anno 1397. tDenf. Sepemb.. ' He left in writing above twenty feveral "Volumes, whereof the greari eft part were either written in Hebrew, or Ttanflations out ofHfbrew; er at leaft foaiedifcourfes concerning the Hebrew Tongue, Amongthe reft it is faid, that he Tranflated all the Old Teftament out of Hebrew in- to Latin. 3 2 . William Courtney, then Bifhop of London, was alfa made Cardi- nal by the fame 'Ur^^K. 33. Philip Refingdon, fometime Abbot of I-wf/^V', confecrated Bi- fliopof Lincoln, March 29. 1405. having been heretofore a great de- fender of the Doftrine of fohn Wickjif, was created Cardinal, S 5. Ne- va & Achillei, Sqt ember 18. 1408. by Pope Gregory the Twelfth, viha ^ ' ' . ' ' before tl)e C!)lircl) of Great Britain. 42^ before had taken a folernn Oath to make no more Cardinals^ tiij the con- troverfi; concerning the Papacy was ended : but being for/aken by all his Cardinals except onely five^ the better to ftrengthen himfelf, he crea- ted ten in one day, whereof this man was one. 34. IhomM LangUy, Birtiop of Durham-, was created a Prieft-cardi- nal, yme 6. 141 1. by Pope fohK the Twenty fecond. He died Jimo 1437- 35. Robert Halam, Bifhop of 5^>-«Wj was alfo created a Prieft-car- dinal, the fame day he died, in the Caftle of Gotlieh near Conflance, being at the General Council there, September 4-. 1417. having fate Bifhop of tha: Church nine years. 36. Henry Beaufort, brother to King Edward the Fourth, and Bi/hop o{ Winchefter-, was created Cardinal of S. Eufebius by Pope Martin the . Eighth. Jme zz. 1426. He died April 11. 1447. ^nd was buried in his own Church. 37. Henry Chichely was created Cardinal, ^«»fl 1428. faith the Au-: thor of jintiquit . Britan. 38. T«fc« Kemp, Archbifhop of Tor^, was ordained Cardinal of , S. Eufebius, Align ft 9. 1439- long after being Archbilhop of Canter- bury, he was removed to the Title of S. Ruffinus. 39. Thomas Beurchier , Archbifhop of Canterbury, was created b/ Pope Paul the Second, Cardinal 5. Syriaci.in Thermi^y Anno 1464. He died March 30. i486. 40. fohn Morton, Archbifhop of Canterbury, was, by Vo^t Alexander theFifch, created Cardinal S. Anafiafii, Anno 1493. He died Anno - 1500: 41. Chrifiopher Bainbrigg, Archbiffiop of Tori^, was made a Cardi- nal 5. Fraxedis, Anno 151 1. 42. 7lboOT^;Fro//ey, Archbifhop of Tor^, was created Cardinal 5. Ca?-^ cilite,September7. He died November 29. i$^o. 43. fobn Fijher, Dodor of Divinity, and Bi(hop of Rochefier, was mxdc Cardinal S. Vitalls : for refufing the King's fupremacy, and diffal- loiving his marriage wiih the Lady Anne Belen, he was beheaded on the • Tower-hill, 1535. 44. Reginald Pool, afterward Archbifliop of Canterbury, was crea-i ted Cardinal by Pope Paul the Third, May 22. 1536. and had three feveral Titles : thefirit S.Nerei& Achilla:, then S. MarU inCofme- - din; and laftly S. Prifca. He died November 7. 1558.- , 45. Peter Petow, a Friar, was made Cardinal by Pope Prf«/^he Fourth,'., fune 13. 1557. and alfo nominated by him unto the Biftioprick of Sa- ■■ rum; and all to crofs and difgrace Cardinal Pool.- He died in France within the compafs of the fame year, and might never fet Foot in Eng-- land, to make ftew of his red Hat, as f doiibtlefs ) he greatly delired to- have done. 46. William. . 45 o XDe ^motv ^^ 46. William Allen, born in England : He raifed a great combuftion in our Church. This fugitive was born in Lancajhire, and brought up in Orial Colledge; he ran away beyond the Seas, for his treafonable praftices againft his Countrey : he was by the Pope and other Enemies of the fame, promoted to divers Ecclefiaftical preferments j and laftly had a Cardinal's hat beftowed upon him in Augnfi 1587. He died a Prieft- cardinal 5. Martini in Montibm 1594. and was buried in the Church of the Engiilh Colledgeat ^ewe. ■ Of the feveral Orders and Monhj that have been in England. rm Fuleri 'XX^thew Paris tells us, that in his time. Tot jam apparuermt ordinet rEcclcf.wli. I. XVJL in Angiia, m ordimim conftt/io -videretur inordinata-, there then ' appeared fo many Orders in England, that there feemed to be an inordi- nate confufion of Orders. I. Thit Benedi6hines,oxh\icky[onki, the primitive Monks In £»/- land, fo called from St. BemdiEiox Be-nnet, an Italian, firft Father and founder of that Order. Angufiine, the Monk, firft brought them ov* into England^ and thefe black Monks firft netted in CamerbHry, whence they have flown out into all the pai'ts of the Kingdom. For ( as Clement JReyner obferveth rightly ) all the Abbies of England before King Wil^ Ham the Conqueror C and fome while after ) were filled with this Oxder : and though the Augufiinians were their Seniors in Europe, yet they were iheir Juniors in England. The fame Order was afterwards fet forth in a new edition, correded and amended under the names of. Firft, Cltiniackj, Thefe were Benediilines refined, with fome addition nals invented and impofed upon them, by Odo the Fourth of Clngny in Normandy-, who lived Anno 913. But thefe Cluniaeks came not into England, till after the Norman Conqueft , and had their richeft Co- vents at Barnfiakle in Devon-Jhire , Pentefraii and Meaux in Tork^ f]ire, &c. Secondly, Sijiircians, fo called, from one ^c^fr/' Imngin.Cifierciunt la Burgundy. He the fecond time refined the droffie Benedictines ; and Walter EJpickJitk eftablifhed their Order, in England, at Rival in Tark- Jhirey bendes which they have had many other pleafant and plentiful habitations at Warden and Woburn in Bedford-Jhire, Buckland and Ford in Devon-fliire, Bindon in Dorfet-fhire, &c. The Bernardine Monks were of a younger faoufe, or undcr-branch of the Ciftercians. King phn built an Abbey of the Ciftercian Order at Beaulieuin Hant-jhire. Thirdly, tl)eC|)ttt:cl) of Great Britain. 43 i Thirdly, Of Grandmontt which obferved St. Bennet's rule. Thefe Vittt hxoMghimo England, Anno izii. and were principally fixed at Abberbury in Shrop-pire. Thefe BenediShines with their fevcral branches were to numerous, and io richly endowed, that in their revenues they did match all the Orders in England, efpecially if the foundations of Benedi&ine Nuns be joyned . in the fame reckoning. 2. The AugHJiinian Monks fucceed^ it is conceived that Eudo the Dapifer , or Sewer to King Henry the Firft , firft brought thera into England, Anns 1 105. and that St. Johns at Colchefter was the prime place of their refidence. Doftor Fuller faith, that Walth^m- Abbey (for £enedi£iines at the firft) had it's Copy altered, and beftowed on Augu- fiinians. Thefe AHgHJiinians were alfo called Canons Regular. This Or- der in England brought forth fevcnty eminent Writers, and one in Ger- ■ many worth them all in effed: I mean Martin Luther, who gave a • mortal wound to all thefe Orders, yea to the root of the Romiih. Re? , ligion. 3. G libertine Monks, a mongrel Order, obferving fome feled rules, camim in partly of Sr. Bennet, partly of St. Anguftme, fo named from Gilbert ^^"coln-^hin, C (on 10 J oeeline a Knight) Lord oi Sempringham in Lincoln- [hire. Being backed with the Authority of Pope Eitgenius the Third, he ordained . a Seft conlifting of men and women , which fo grew and encr.e;ifed; that himfelf laid the foundations of thirteen Religious, houfes of this , Order. 4. Carthnfian Monks, much famed for their mortified lives, and ab~ - flinerce from all fle(h. Brnne firfl founded them in the Dolphinate ia . France, Anno 1080. and fome fixry years after they were firft brought over into England. William delonga Spat a, E^'c\oi Snliibury, founded,: the firft houfe of Carthitjfan Monks it Hdtrop; whofcwife £/,« after his death founded the houfe ©f Nuns at Lacock^'m Wilt-(hire, and there con- tinued herfelf Abbefsof the place. The Books of the Englidi Carthu- . Jians.were many, there being no lefs than eleven hundred Auchors of them, their writings tend much to mortification ; and out of them Par- - fons the Jefuice hath collefted a good part of his refolutions. ■ Of the Benediiline Monks, there is reported to have been of that Or- der, twenty four Popes of Jiorrje, one hundred eighty two Cardinal?, one thoufand four hundred fisty four Archbifhops and Bifhops, fifteen thoufand.and feventy Abbots of renov/n. Pope ^o^« the Tv;^ency fecond fijth, there have been of this Order five thoufand U% hundred fifty fix . Monks Canonized, and made Saint?. Thecloathingand ruleof the C//<»/.'!c.'f/ boaft very much of one Simen Stock, of their Order, a Kentifh I 82C ' ^^^Y' which being but twelve years old, went out into the Woods, and there fed on roots and wild fruit, living in the trunk of an hollow Tree^ whence he got the Sirname of 5rocfc Having a revelation that foon af- teq Some {hpul4,co?rie outof Syria, and confirm his Order, which came to pafs when the Carmelites came hither, he afterwards became lllafter General of their Order ( to whom the refpeftive Provincials are ac- countable ) and is faid to be famous for his miracles, 4.. An£ufiinia>7 Ei-emucs,ihey emied England, Anno izfz. andliad their .'^riVhahifation at Si. Peters in the Poor in London ; Thefe probably taking tLie denomination of poverty (^otherwife at this day a very rich Parifhifl taeCity ) becaufe the faid AugujUman Eremites went under rhc notion o^ begging Friars. Mean time what a mockery was this (as Dodrorf /*//,?/• obferveth) that thefe fhould pretend to be Eremites, wha inftead^of a wide vVildernefs, lived in Brontd-ftreet London, where their Church now be. ongeth to x.h& Dutch Congregation. Thefe Augnfiins Friars were good Difputants. ■peacofis Re- The Order pf the DbminicmsK without all fhame to beg, and forfake licksof Komt. little by wilful poverty, that they may obtain much, and to wax rich of other mens labours, they tl^mfelves being idle, lazy and unprofitable drones of f he Earth Their coat is white, their cope and coule is black. The nev/ guife ff their vefture made Pope Innocent to wonder. But Pope Honor ins the Third by his Bull honourably admitted the black Order of ihe Bla^k.Fiiars. ' . - The tt)it Cl)UtC|| of Great Britain. 445 The Gray Friars,' or Francifcans , go barefooted, as Frmcu their founder did, and gird themfelves with a cord, wearing a little coule, whencefome think they are aWti. Minorites. Some of them be called Friars Obfervants, and are counted of more holinefs than the common fort of Gray Friars arc, which are called Minorites. At firft the colour of their cope was rufTet, but afterward was turned into white by Pope HonoriHs the Third. This Order ( faith the Dutch Chronicle) is to begg; to take of every man, and to do nothing again for it. They lye, diflemble, and beguile the people with flattering words under the pre- tence of long prayer. William Duke of Aquitain, and Count of Le5lavia, invented or ra- ther renued the Order of the Auguftine Friars, which had been before long decayed. This I^»//f<«w firft dwelt in the Wildernefs with his Bre- thren, chaftifed his flefh , and fubdued it with a coat of male on his bare Body, Praying, VVatching, and Fafting night and day, fo that he was called a Father and Reftorer of that Order. Thus much for the four principal forts of Friers. The following Orders were hut Additional Descants upott the former, vpithfofne variations of their Founders, among whom were. I. ^T^HE Trinitarians, for whom Robert Reokjley built firH: an houfc X at Mottingden in Kent : they were called alfo de Redemptiom Captivorum ; whofe work was to beg money of well-difpofed people for the ranfomtng of Chriftians in captivity with the Pagans. 2. The Cronch:d Friars, who came over into England ii^. with the Pope's Authentick and this unufual priviledge, that none fhould reprove their Order, or upbraid them, or command them under pain of excom- munication. Some fay, they carried acrofson their flaves, others on their backs, caMed, in French, a Crouch, the place of Crouched Friars in London ftill retaineth the Name. 3. The Bonhomes-, or good men, being alfo Eremites brought over into England, by Richard Earl of Cornwal, in the Reign of his Bro- ther King Henry the Third, fo lliled becaufe of their fignal goodnef?. Thefe Bonho.ws, though begging Friars ( the pooreft of Orders ) and Eremites the mofl fequeftred of begging Friars, had two, and it is be- lieved, no more Covents in all England (Monks onely excepted _) the one at Afheridge in BHckingham-jhlre, now the manfion of the Right Honourable the Earl of Bridgcwater: it was valued, at the diffolucion, yearly at four hundred forty feven pound eight fhillings half-penny. ' The other at Eddingdon in Wilt-fiiire, the late habitation of the Lady BeaHcha>np, valued, when diffolved, at five hundred twenty onepotind twelve fhillings half-penny. K k k 2 \-^ 4?^ " - X!)e tifto;tp Of In the year 1257. arofe iwo new Orders, both of them ^cre fixed in C^whrid^e : the firit, the brethrenj De fanitemia fefn ( otherwifc Frctres Saccati, hi-ixhxtnoiiht Sack) whofe Cell is fince turned into Peter-honfe. Mc.t'hew Park gives this account of them, at their firft coH'iing into England ; Eodem tempore quidam novtu ordo fratrum Len- dliii iiffaruit, & incogmtiif. Papale tumen amenticum falam ajiendens , it/i ut tot ordhiwn cofyfnjio -videretttr, qui, quia facets incedebam induti, il^ratrgS .^accatt vocabantur. It is raoft likely , that this avaricious Pope Alexander, inftituted this new Order to help fill his bag and Sachel by chefe Fratres Saccni, employed to promote his rapines and revenues, as the Friars Minorites, and Predicants were. The other were the Bethlemites, dwelling fomewhere in Tromfing- ton-Jlreet, and wearing a Star with five raies on their backs. I wil! conclude with the Robertines, who owe their original to one Pehert Flower, who had been twice Mayor oi.Tor\, who forfaking the fair Lands left him by his Father, betook himfelf to afolitary life about the rocks in Nidfdale in Tcrkcjliire, and it feemeth ) at Knaresborongh the firft and laft houfe was ereded for his Order. Of the Templars, and Hofptallers. THE Inner Temple and Middle Temple, in Z,o»^o/?, doiiowftand in he very place, where, in times paft, in the Reign of King Henry the Second, HeracUns Patriarch of Jerufalem Confecraced a Church for KnighLs Templars, which they had newly built according to the form of ihe Temple, near unto the Sepulchre of our Lord at fertfalem. For, ar their firft inftitmion, about the year of our Lord JT13. they dwelt inpait of the Temple hard by the Sepulchre, whereof they were fo named -, they vowed Poverty, Chaftity, and Obedience, to defend Chriftian Religion, the holy Land, and Pilgrims going to vifit the Lord's Sepulchre againft all Mah'jmetans and Infidels: whereupon all men molt Willingly and moft cordially embraced them: fo that through the bcunreous liberai'ty f Primes and devout people, having gotten in all places very fair poffuTi ns, and exceeding great wealth; they fiou- rifhed in great lepucaiiou for Pieiy and Devotion ^ yea and in the cifii!'!! de. opinion, both of the hoiinef, of the men and of the place. King Hehry icripnon of the Third, ar.d n.anj Nibble rrcn, defired n.uch to be buried in their ij-:(;;;. Church among them : feme (.f whofe Images are there to be feen with their leggs acrofsi; for io they were buried in that age, Thath^dtt^n ■Hfon them thi Cnfs (as chey then ttiaied it ) -to ferve iaxheholy Land, or had vowed the fame. . ■• . '.' ' ■ ■- . But t|)t Ci)UtCl) of Great Britain. 437 But in procefs of time , when with unfatiable greedinefs they had toorded up great wealth, by withdrawing Tithes from Chuiches, ap- propriating fpiritual livings to themfelves, and other hard means^ from Almes-men they turned Lords -. and though very Valianc at the firfl: ( for they were fwornrather to die than to fly ) afterwards they grew lazy, they laughed at the Rules of their firft Inftitution, as at the fwadliiig- clotfaes of their Infancy, negleding the Patriarch : at length, partly their vitioufnefs, and partly their wealthy caufed their final extirpation. Fope Clement having long fojourned in jFr^we, had received many F«//m Sup- real Courtefi'es from King Philip the Fair ; At lafl: Pfc/?p re quelled of the plemcnt of Pope all the Lands of the Knights Templars through France^ forfeited theHiit. of ( as was pretended j by reafon of their horrible Herefies, and iicenti- ^yar i.w^flrft BiOiopof J^myn the fon of Ethelfred be- cometh a Chriftian 14 Ethelmlph King of the Weji- Saxons granteth the Tenth of all his Lands to God and his Minifters, &c. his ftoiy . 24 Kind Edward the Elder reftoreth the llniverfity of Cambridge , cx- pells the /J^ww, c^c. 30 Elphege Bifliop of Canterbury ftoncd by the Danes 3 3 Eaton CoUedge founded by King Henry the Sixth 131 Edward the Confeflbr, his Ec- cleliaftical Laws 4 bis hereditary vertue left to his fucceffors to cure the Kings Evil 35 England (teed from the Danes 35 England interdidedcd for fix years in the Reign of King lohn 57 Edmond Archbifliop of Canter- bury Canonized • 80 King Edward the Firft, his ftory from 86. ad 105 Edward the Second , his ftory from 105.^^109 Edward the Third, his ftory from 109. ad 114 Edward the Sixth, his ftory from i^^ ad 179 Queen Eliz.abeth, her troubles during her Sifter's Reign 190 The ftory of her Reigii from 206. ad 261 Edinburgh Caftle furrendred to O. Crommli by Colonel Dmduft 35« Pafilffs The Table, F. P/4ulus Fagms and M. Bucer, their bodies taken out of their (Graves, and burnt 20 j -: The Seft of the Family of Love ' - ■ ■ -239 Flatnines and Archflaraines, their places turned into Bifliopricks and Archbifhopriks by King Lucius 3 Fimrt converted the Eaft-S.axons i.-S -r-ni ,f.r.^.' 16 FacarU, Condiibines iro the Ca- nons : they are imprifoned in the Tower John Frith J a learned man, burnt in Smith'fieU 148 Firft-fruits Office, when fet up ^n London 1 50 lohnFiJher Bilhop of Rochefter, beheaded 148 Mr. lohn Fox with fome others fettle themfelves at Bafil in Queen Maries days ' 200 His deatb 250 Fifth Monarchy-men apprehen- ded 360 lehft Fickpam made Abbot of Weftminfier 196 The troubles oiFranckford 197, 198 Robert Farrars, Bidiopof St. Da- vids, imprifoned in King Edward's days, and burnt in Queen A'faries days 175 Florentius , firft Bilhop of Jir- gemine, or Straushurg 1,7 Gjijpcr Haywood, the firft Je- fuite, that ever fet foot in England 246 -■Gofpel firft plantedin Britain i Britain firft received the Gofpel by publick Authority z Gtrmanus Biftiop of Auxerre is fent for into Britain to fupprcfs Pelagianifm 7 Gofpel firft planted by Augufiine among the Saxons 12 Five Grammar Schools erefted in London 129 Stephen Gardiner Biftiop of Win- chejter he fell fick the fame day that Bifhop Ridley and Latimer were burnt : his fad end 194 A Gun fliot at Dr. Pendleton preaching at Pauls crofs 193 Lady fane Gray proclaimed Queen of England 179 She and her husband, the Lord Guilford Dudley , and her Father the Duke of Suffolk are beheaded 188 Gutblaki the firft Saxon Eremite in England 21 Robert Grojihed Bifliop of Lin- coin 80. 8r The Gun-powder plot 270.271 Archbifliop Grindal, a patron of prophecyings, and how they were modelled 241 Godfrey Goodman Biihop ofGlo- cefter, committed to the Gate-houfc for refufing to fubfcribe the Canons made. Anno 1640. 320 He dies a Fapift ibid. H. HArotd.the Son of Earl Godvtyn, King of England: he is flain at Battel in Sufex 36 Hardiknout, the laft of the Da- nilh Kings in England 3 5 '• Alexander Hales an Englifli-man, M m m Mafter Ti&e Table, Maftcr to Thomas jiq»i>if^rdind,Bo' naventare " ' ' .107 'HonoriHs Atchbi/bop oiCanter- ■iury divided England into Parilhes ^ , .16 ' fielvetia convertecl by Callus ib. ! HengiSh Captain of.ijbfi^^axonsj ifivadeth-BWr/Jw ' ' ',o' ; ' - ■ 8i He is King oi Xeht 9 ^ An Heptarchy eftaBliflied i§3tt- i mw. "'"v. •>, 9 " , ' SwaHowed.up in \^i Weft Saxr '"-'lonsMoTiartliy' ' ' - , **^ ':S(?fer: Hokor^. learned Ehglifh !man Dake Hamilton, Eitlof Holland, and Lord C^^f /beheaded 348 i/«^&<2 the Dane killeth Hedda ttic Abbot of Feterbormgh , and eighty four, iktsnks with his own liaxid''- ' ■' ';'^.■ '_-/. i5 ftrng Henry the IThird, hisltory the divine right of Epifcopacy 3 17 Dr. lohn iY^jc^f defendeth Deans and Chapters 32 j A fad contefl: between Mr. Rich. floaker, and Mr. Walter Travers ,' King Charles the Fifft, bis X)i- Xpute with Mr. Alexander Hender- fin 342 ^ilO' fi-pm ij^f;?fy^iTe'ToiirtTiVfc'is;ftory"fi;opi ; f^',' ills Itory'trora \ ■ ,^..p35'fl ,i/ ^smbntendo' n^. Death of Prince i/(?Kry . 280 /o^w Hoo^r and /a/7» Rogers , founders of Non-conformity 169 Ing ^<«»»a, his birth fragez^G His ftory frjpim 261, ad 293 Impropriations bought in to maintain a preaching Miniftry 301. The Impoftures of Hacket,jlr' thington-, and Coppinger 253. , //f«/^»,f, a profound Scholar ■ iii -Jna king of the Weft-SaxonV £ets forth his Saxpn Laws . ,20 He ifirft granted Peter-pefjce aso 6S.adS6 [j the Pope out of this Kingdom, 2Z Johannes xScotus fw^pjKa.) aHQr«^ ij&^e'd in the Abbey of ^l/^teje- .riJ'pbn King x^.jEi^lmd!iAhh\^ty ^^m fi.ad6% , Jtvfs crut^fifi a Gbild.at Oxftrrd • f^t punifliment 8y _^^Xheirt»pilliipent-OBt!X)f £«/Zrf«^ ibid. :JoavhimrAimf>X o^Cali^ria 49 'yBilhfi£,£i«?^j.J lai^ King of Nrnthumierland 2 o Imager taken away injnofl:plac» of England ifiOb. Inguifitors appointed to iearch out for HereticJks, with all Wick^^ Books ' 123; Many Italians Jield the beft Li- vings in Englmd'. a Statute made againftif. Four Italians followed each other in the See of Woikefi^r Joba v-{»- the. table. John lewel chofen to pen the firft gratulatory letter to Queen Mary by his enemies page iS^ . -He (u^fcribeth the Popifti Tenets :^'V-: .z6i 18/ , ',He beivails his falHn the Congre- gajion at pranckford: he is mudc Bilhap o( Sarnm 187 His cbalenge 218 JHis.ApoJogy 226 ; Such irifii Impropriations as- ivere in the Crown^ reftored tO the Church 304 Dr. William fuxomLoiiTxenfti' K. Colonel Ker taken prifoner by Lambert l^i Kingdom of the South Saxons, comprehending Sujfex and Surrey, when it began 9 The beginning of the Kingdom oiKent " <■-: 9 Kemigern , Bifhop of Elwy in North Wales I'l^ • %hn Kemp Atchhiibop of Canter- bury built the Divinity School in Oi^/o^^, and PW; Crofs . 132 KemlfHiis , King of' the Weft •SaKons conferrech large privikdges oh the Monaftery of Ahing^n 169 Kingsof £?^frf«^of old fenctheir j GtSwns to St. Edmend' s {i%t\nt -34 : ■Kiv^eliae King vf 'Britain at the biirth of our Saviour i ■Kyngils Kingof the Weft Saxons is^bapiized by 5?V«>7j« 16 Order of the Knights Templars ; iiboliflicd throughout- Chriftendom ' V . 106; Their Lands in England confer- \ red'on the Kdights of St.fofe«of lerufalem ibid, lohn Knox^t Franckford prench- eih- againft theEngli/li Liturgy as imperfed and fuperftitious'; ' He is rebuked by Dr. R. Cox^. He is ac- cuftd to the State for High Treafon againft the Emperor. K>jox depar- teth the City 199 And fetkth himfelf at Geneva -: : ■ 2 CO JiC^ff Rebellion 166 JiCJ/?>/,the firft Bi[h. of WortsbMrg firft inftrudcd the people of Eaft France in the Chriftian Faith 1 7 ' The BiOiop of Wortshnrg carried a SWord and a Prieft's Gown in his B^dge i(;i^, I. HVgh Latimer refigneth his Biflioprick of Worcefier, ra- ther than he would yield to the paffing of the fix Articles 1 69 Jihn Lambert, his Martyrdom 153 Divers Liturgies in ufe in Eng- landtill King William the Conque- ror's time 39 - LollArds, after Abjuration j for- ced to wear the fafliion of a Faggot wrought in thread on their flecves > . 141 • The Scottifli Liturgy tranflated into the Latin Tongue 317 An Apology for vindicating the Liturgy commended to the Kirk of Scotland 317 -',A publick Liturgy framed ia King £^iV4r^ his days 164 lohn a Lafco, with his Congre- gation of Germans fftled at London : the Weft part of the Church cf M m m 2 .The Itable. jinftin-frMn alio tted;:f hem p.iyo- His Congregation diffolvcd 1 84 John Levfii an Arrian bnrnt at Normch _ 24.6 Levellers routed by Colonel Reimids at Bnrford 349 Latimer and RiMey burnt at O*- ford 194- jidam Leftus , Archbifliop of Dublin,, and Chancellor of Ireland 255 Matthew Lenex.mside Regent of Scotland 2.36 Earl of Leicefier goes over into the Low-countries with a great Army 248 Mr. Love and Gihkons beheaded 352 Bartholomevf Legatt an Arrian burnt 279 London bmnt 381 The Copmilfioners of the High Commilfion at St. ?4«/j violently affaulted by Lilhurn and the Lonr (3fo» Apprentices 321 Archbi/hop Lund impeached and | fent to the Tower 323 And beheaded on Tower-hill ik Luciils, the firft Chiiftiati King ^.Britain 2 His ftory j. & 4 Lajtis Bifliop of Troys, cometh into ^/7fia/«,and refuteth the Here- iie of Tdagiiu 7 Englilh Liturgy tranflated into French, for the llles of Jerfey and G Hern fey 3 09 The Liturgy tranflated. into Welch 175 Luthir, whea he arofe 142^ M. GEneral MonkM^ ftory, &om^ fage 363. ad 37I Marquefsof^/o»rro/e defeated, condemned and executed 3 50 Queen A Governor of 5m<»j« 9 Marianw Scotus 3 5 Walter Majiez, his verfcs fetting forth the Chureh of Rome in her colours'*- " ?3n£^5;.itg ; 67. Tfjomas Merks Bifhop of Carlile faithful to King^VW^ the Second loS Medvinus fent to Ror»e z Kingdom of Mercia, why fo caDed, and what Counties it con- tained 9. Mercia divided into five Billiop-. ricks --1 :;i;i9 The Goods of three Orders o£ Monks feized into the hands of King Edward the Third no The number of Monafteries fnp- preffed in the Reign of King Henry the Eighth 15$ The number of thofc that fuflfer- cd Martyrdom for the Gofpel in Qaeen Maries days 194 Peter Martyr fent for into Eng' latudi made Caaon of Chiilt- church in O xford 1 69 Quits the Realm in Queen iljdays 184 His tetters to Queen ElizAeth ■--: 'V o, 220 . His Wives body takm out oflier grave, and burnt after his depar- ture ' 184 Biihop "the 'table. ' Bilhop Morton contrives the Union of the two Houfes of Xork^ and Lancafter 135 Nine hundred Monks flain in S.Augufiines fihhty in Canter bury '■■■ 33 - Murrey Regent of Scotland 233 His Death 236 The French Maffacre 238 The Millenary Petition 269 ^»cW 50 George Rifley a great Mathemati- tian 140 ' f^it Roufi a great Antiquary 140 King Richard the fecond, his Story, from 11^ ad iiZ Philip Kifjiinton, of a Profeflbur became a cruel perfecutor of the Gofpcl. He is tnad€ Biihop of 'Lincoln I2i Mailer John Rogers burnt in Smiihfield : the firft Martyr in \Queen Marie's 1 94 Cardinal Richlim an Incendiary ^Ktween King Charles the firlt and the Scots 313 When the word Recufant, firft came up 236 Reformed Religion advanced in Ireland 217 The Rites of the Church of England for a time remained the onely form of Worfliip for the Knkoi Scotland 216 Thomas Rtidbourn a Monk of Winchefter, an old Writer 3 The Remifh Tranflation comet'h forth 247 Rogers , his expofition on the thirty nine Articles of the Church of England 247 Roger a Monk of Chefter^ and an Hifioriografher 113 Dodor Fdk^ and lA.Cartwright, their»anfwcr to the Rhemijli Tran- slation 247 Richard Cromxvel, his Story 361, 362 THat cruel Statute prs Haretico comhtrrendo, firft hanfellcd on William S autre, Prieft 1 1 9, 1 2 o See of Sarum had five Bifliops in five years fpace 94 Scotland, when freed from the Seeofrar;^ 133 Secular Priefts ejeAed 31 A Survay taken of all the Glebe- land of the Clergy 1 10 Sever Hs cometh into Britaifi and affifteth in condemning Tclagianifm 8 Samffon , Scholar to Iltutus : being made Archbiihop of Dole, he carriethaway the Monuments of Britifl) Antiquity 11 Scbcrt, Kin^ of Epx erabracctli Cbd- 'the Table. Chriftianity by the Miniftry of Jl^ellitus 14 Sigebert King of Eafi-Angles enters into a Monaftery 2 1 , Saxons invade 'Britain 8 ' Semh-faxons converted to Chri- ftianity the laft of the feven King- doms 19 A Survay taken of all the Reve- nues and Dignities Ecclefiaftical in England, returned in a Book to be kept in the Exchequer 152 John Sfottifvtrood, Archbifljop of S.^w^r«w^, his death 314 John Story a great peifecutor, executed 234 A Statute made that all Convoca- tions fhould be called by the King's Writ 146 The bloody Statute for the fix -Popifli Articles enaded 155 A Statute made for the recovery of Tithes 156 Edward Seymour Duke of Som- merfet X-ord Proteftor of the Realm in the Reign of King Edward the fixth: his llory from i^^adiy^ Sommerfct-houfe how, and when erefted 165 The Sweating-ficknefs 174 Richard Sutton the Founder of Charter-houfe Hotpiul 280. Af.AntoniHs de Dominis, Arch- bifhop of Spalato , his Story 281,288,289,290 Stubs and Page, their right bauds cut off with a Cleaver 242 The Scots ereft a New Govern- ment for themfeives, confifting of four Tables for the four Orders of theState,wz.. the Noble-men, Ba- rons, Burgefles, and Minifters, they enter into Covenant 508 They enter England in an Ho- ftile manner 321 The firft fettlement of the Church under Queen Elizabeth 215 Seminaries beyond the /5e^s ereded for EngHJh youth 234 Stone's difeovery of the Pref- by:erian meetings 254 Lord Wemworth made Lord Lieutenant of Jrelofid, and Earl of Strafford 315 He is impeached of High Trea- fon 223 Many under the notion of fcan- dalous Minifters Sequeftred 3 ^2, Many Silenced Minifters and Le- durers put into Sequeftred Bene- fices 332 Sberwin , Kirby , and Briant, Priefts, and Campian the Jefuite, Executed for Treafon 24s MErcham-Tailors School in London when founded 224 S, Teliaa, a. Schohr to Dubritus Thetford burnt by the Danes Adam Tarlton, Bif^op of Here- ford, the Grand contriver of all mifchief againft King Edward the fecond, his Story loS, 109, 1 10 Tindals Tranilation of the New Teftament burnt in Tauls Church- yard 147 John deTrevifa, a learned Eng- lifli-man 117 Mr. Walter Travers , his ftory 255,256 Theodorui The Table. Theodoms Archbid^op o( Canter- l/Hryxte&ed a welJ-furni/hed Libra- ry jg ThroJore Abbot of CrdVfUid murdered by the Ddnes . 25 John Tbrask., his errours snd cenfure 28 3 Vhe Treaty at Vxbririge 337 The Treaty and Difpute in the ineofr^^^, 343,344 k rilltam Tindd ftrangled, and burnt at Ftlford in Flmnders 1 50 Nicholas Trivet, a Black Friar wrote two Hi(tories, and a Book of Annals Willia 7i Tailor, Prieft, burnt " 1 37 An Aft for uniting Churches in ^itKs and To»ns corporate 38 r W. V. King Vortigern fendeth forCfr- manm and Z,«|)/, foned ^^. , roa'/»«j Archhifhop of Londol put to death by the command of Vortigern ^1 Vfa, firft King of the Eaft An- - S'es ^ PoWfr r»>^// the Popes colleftor Getieralofthe Peter-pence in Eng- land. He wrote a Latin Hirtory of Britain o 'L'«r-Pe/?^M^<,« King ofBw^,„ ^HberydeVere, a learned Law- yer, Advocate for King Stefhen 44 A An Ad for Uniformity of pub- ,': lick prayers, ^f. ^ 'Illihod- Refotmer of \fr^ /^ 17 Btffiop W7//^;„,- cenfured and imprifoned ^q- IF/7/rza? Archbi/hop of ror^ con- verteth the men of Freezlandia Bel- ^ii45 Dr. William VFhit acre, his An- fiver to Campian's Chalenge 241 His death 259 VfrHliam- White Prieft, burnt, who was a Scholar of lohn VTick- lif:. with him were burnt lohn VVaddon Prieft, and Father ^^r^- ham of Colchefler 128 WHen, and by whom the Teamen of the King's guard were InlHtuted 136 BAttaz.ar ZancheTL, a Spaniard, founded an Almes-houfe at. Tetnam-high-erofs in Middle/ex ER ERRATi^. PAge3, lines^.Yeidfjames: ^.yA.j.r.Fr^tfjkj ■' I. i3-i"'/^w«/-f»f .• p. 8. 1.5. r- Britain : p.p. in marg. r. TinmHthenf. p . 9. 1. 1 5. f. ^f t.and: Lzz.r. remain: p. 15. 1. 4. r. C^rw. {.zo.r. died : p. 16. 1. 32. r. frepagated: p. 26. 1. 3. x. Hale f don. 1. 29. r. Daniflu p. 46. I.21. r. the Pope: 1. 35. r. the Cathedral : p. 47. 1. lO.v.hifiory : p. 49. 1. 28. r. w^ow ; p. 55.1. 7. r. reMitUHm: p. 81. I.22. r. woihichorttn : J. 30. t.Papad' papalihus: p. 84. I.35. r. the King iffued: p 86. 1. penult. r. thefirft : p. 103. 1. 24. r. EccleJJa : p. 104. 1. 7. r. o;- V>:nefice : 1. 8. r. Expectancy: p. 131.I ^-.t. Regalia: I. 16.1: fellows : 1. 32. de!ec«f .• p. 137. 1. penult, r. thrifty : p. 138. I.5. r.theFope: p. 140. 1. 14. they to cover : p. 143. 1. 18. r. theGatehoufe : p. 165. 1. 28. x. all Fri- days : p. 168. 1.^9. X.Vfos fignifed: p. 172. I.41, x. who rvould not: ^. ijlA. 21. V.fhe bare: p. 176. \. 16. Acit in their companies : p. 1 80. \.li.x. eight thoHfand: p. 181. 1. 9. r. Framingham : p. 182. 1. 32. dele but : p. 1 86. 1. 16. r. convocation : 1. 40 r. days : p. 1 8^ . 1. 7. r. to be examined: p.200. 1. 15. x. the reformation : p.204. 1. 20. x. turned: p. ZOJi\. 2'^:X. her age : p.2i$.\. g.x. gowns : p. 229.^.20. X.WMre- quired: I. sS.x.FFyat : p.232. Ii20. deleiv^w.- p.237. 1 6. x. which made many-: p. 239. 1. ^g.x.BenthAm: p. 241. 1. $$.x. the old continued: p. 242. 1.20. X.Gulphs: p. 248. 1. 40. r. difcoverer: p. 253. I. 41. x.Scory: p. 256. 1. 16. r. privately: 1. 30. X. Greenwood: p. 257. in marg.r. Pitz.eus: 1. 31. 1596. p. 26o.r.JirB FrotefiantBiJJjop: p. 261. 1.2$. X. Brother tothe Lord Cobham .• p. 263 . 1. 25. r. LorUjkips : p. 270. J. I. r. 1604. p. 300. 1.9. r. were retrained: p. 3 2 1. 1. 14. r. it was i ^.%Z2.\. 2.x. of their: p. 3z6.\. z6.x.tremenda : p. 333. 1. 21. r.Cer- bet: p.'iiS.\.35.v.enjoymng : p. iyo. 1. 22, t.fuppojitious. rf» r