Iff- d 
 
 * • * 
 
 I ALUMNI LIBRARY, % 
 
 ^ • ■ ^ 
 
 I THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, | 
 
 t 1 
 
 * PRINCETON, N. J. * 
 Tl CV/.sT, ^r/ijjon....; j. 
 
 £<CC- 
 
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 BELITEHED IN TUE 
 
 MIDDLE CHURCH, NEW HAVEN, CON. SEPT. 12, 1822, 
 AT THE 
 
 OF THE HEV. MESSaS. 
 
 WILLIAM GOODELL, WILLIAM RICHARDS, 
 
 AND 
 
 ARTEMAS BISHOP, 
 
 AS 
 
 EVANGELISTS AND MISSIONARIES 
 
 TO 
 THE HEATHEN, 
 
 BY SAMUEL MILLER, D. D. 
 
 Professor of Ecclesiastical History and Church Government, in the Theological Scminar'j 
 ojthc Prcsbijterian Church, in the United States, at Princeton, 2^. J. 
 
 BOSTON: 
 
 OHOCKER AND BBEWSTEU, NO. 50, C0IINUI1.L. 
 
 1822. 
 
SERMON. 
 
 Isaiah Ixi, 4. 
 Andthey shall build the old wastes; they shall raise up the former deso- 
 lations; and they shall repair the waste cities, the desolations of 
 many generations. 
 
 Our blessed Saviour, in the Synagogue at JVazareth, 
 expressly decided that these words refer to Gos- 
 pel times, and to the benign influence of his ministry 
 and his truth. It is probable, indeed, that the primary 
 reference of the verse immediately under considera- 
 tion is to the return of the Jews from captivity in 
 Babylon, and the restoration of their lands and cities, 
 Avhich had been long lying desolate, to a state of pros- 
 perity. But no one, I think, can doubt, that it has a far 
 wider scope, and is intended to convey an infinitely 
 more precious meaning. The Saviour himself is here 
 introduced as the speaker. He refers to his own 
 coming in the flesh, and to the calling of the gentiles. 
 He exhibits himself as anointed, or set apart, to be the 
 Friend and Restorer of ruined man; to preach good 
 iidino\s to the meek; to bind up the broken hearted; 
 
to proclaim liberty to the captives^ and the opening of the 
 prison to them that are bound; to be the Comforter of 
 onourners; to give them beauty for ashes, the oil of joy 
 ^or mourning, and the garment of praise for the spirit of 
 heaviness. 
 
 But the effects of the Redeemer's ministry -were 
 not to terminate with his personal presence on earth. 
 He not onlj declares that He is to enlighten, to restore, 
 to sanctify, and to elevate the subjects of his immedi- 
 ate gracious ministrations; but that those who are thus 
 brought into the church, and saved by his mighty 
 power, are to be made, in their turn, instruments for 
 converting and saving others. These converts, he in- 
 forms us, shall not only be called themselves, Trees of 
 righteousness, the planting of the Lord, that He maybe 
 glorified; but they shall build the old wastes; they shall 
 raise up the former desolations, and they shall repair the 
 waste cities, the desolo.tions of many generations. 
 
 We have, in these words, two subjects, which de- 
 mand our attention; both of which appear to me to 
 form topics of address appropriate to the solemn oc- 
 casion on which we are convened. 
 
 First — the condition of those who are destitute 
 of the blessfngs avhich the saviour has to bestow. 
 And, 
 
 Secondly — the promise that they shall be de- 
 livered FROM this condition; and the means by 
 
 WHICH THEIR DEUVERANCE SHALL BE EFFECTED. 
 
 I. Let us contemplate the condition of those who are 
 destitute of the light and the sanctifying energy of the 
 Gospel. They are represented, in our text, as in a 
 state of ^^waste,^^ and ^^ desolation.''^ They shall build 
 
i(p the old wastes, they shall repair the desolations of 
 many generations. 
 
 This representation applies, not only to the ancient 
 covenant people of God; but also to all the heathen 
 nations, and, in general, to all who are strangers to the 
 light and the practical influence of our holy religion. 
 
 When we speak of the ^^old ivastcs,''^ and of the 
 ''^desolations of many generations,''^ we, of course, mean 
 to convey the idea, that the places, or the people of 
 which we speak, were once in more favorable circum- 
 stances; thatthey once enjoyed advantages which they 
 no longer possess; and, in consequence, have sunk into 
 darkness and ruin. Now this representation precise- 
 ly corresponds v\^ith plain, undoubted fact. When we 
 take the slightest survey of the history of our fallen 
 race, Ave shall see that very precious privileges and 
 blessings have been, at different times, either actually 
 enjoyed by all the famihes of the earth, or placed fair- 
 ly within their reach: and that these blessings have 
 been either' ungratel'ully rejected, or stupidly squan- 
 dered away and lost. In reply, therefore, to the old 
 and impious cavil, — "Why has not God given the 
 Gospel to all mankind?" we may confidently assert, 
 and appeal to history for an ample confirmation of the 
 fact, that he has, from time to time, imparted the 
 knowledge of the true religion to the whole human 
 family; so that they are altogether ivithout excuse. 
 
 That the knowledge of the true method of salva- 
 tion was imparted to our First Parents, no christian 
 will deny. They were originally formed in a state not 
 only of immaculate, but of high perfection. Brought 
 into existence in the perfect maturity of all their 
 
6 
 
 powers; in the image of God; with a happy balance 
 between their sensitive, intellectual and moral facul- 
 ties; surrounded with ample light, and with all those 
 expressions of Divme love, which are adapted to 
 make creatures blessed; their happiness w^as without 
 interruption or alloj. Reposing under the "blissful 
 bowers of paradise," all was innocence, all was enjoy- 
 ment, and every creature was a minister to their com- 
 fort. Nor was this all. No sooner had their Creator 
 made them, than he began to speak to them, and, of 
 course, immediately to instruct them in language (the 
 real origin, I have no doubt, of articulate speech,) in 
 all their duties to Himself and to one another; and in 
 every thing necessary to their temporal and eternal 
 happiness. I am aware that some theoretical philos- 
 ophers have given a very different representation of 
 this matter. They contend that the original state of 
 man was exceedingly degraded: that he occupied a 
 rank, at first, little if any above that of the beasts of 
 the field: that all intelligence, the power of communi- 
 cating his thoughts by speech, and even his erect pos- 
 ture, are the result of his own long continued efforts; 
 and that having, by his own exertions, gradually es- 
 caped from the state of brutality, silence and solitude 
 in which he was originally found; he is in a constant 
 course of improvement, by the same exertions, which 
 will ultimately issue in a state of perfection in this 
 world. I will only stop to say, that all this is as con- 
 trary to sober, uninspired history, as it is to the Word 
 of God. The latter distinctly informs us, that the 
 primitive state of man, with respect to his intellectual, 
 moral, and social character, was the highest that he 
 
has ever enjoyed, or ever will enjoy on this side of 
 heaven; and that, since the fall, his natural course, 
 when left to himself, is not to rise in knowledge, virtue 
 and enjoyment; but, on the contrary, to sink deeper 
 and deeper into darkness, corruption and misery. And 
 this testimony, I fearlessly assert, is amply confirmed 
 by all other authentick records, so far as they speak at 
 all on the subject. 
 
 When our guilty Progenitors had broken the law of 
 their God; had ungratefully trampled on their most 
 precious privileges; and had lost their innocence, and 
 with it every blessing; the God of all grace did not, as 
 He might justly have done, inexorably cast them off. 
 The fall had scarcely occurred, before a method of 
 deliverance was announced, as wonderful as it was 
 gracious. In the first promise, we see the first dawn 
 of Gospel light, the first pledge of Gospel blessings. 
 Adam was placed under a dispensation of mercy. A 
 visible church was founded in his family, of which he 
 and his partner in sin, together with their children, 
 were members. Sacrifices were offered, in obedience 
 to God, and in token of their humble acquiescence in 
 the terms of the new covenant under which they were 
 placed; and the Lord smelled a sweet savor in the con- 
 trition and offerings of his penitent children. 
 
 But again was the Divine goodness abused, and his 
 authority trampled under {eet. The light of the 
 primitive revelation, though at first respectfully re- 
 ceived, became less and less regarded. The true Re- 
 ligion gradually lost its hold on the hearts and lives of 
 men; and unbridled sin, and its necessary offspring, 
 misery, soon began to gain a melancholy prevalence. 
 
8 
 
 Even during the lives of our first Parents, who, no 
 doubt, faithfully instructed and exhorted their poster- 
 ity, impiety, crime and suffering awfully reigned. 
 Men set at nought counsel and rebuke. All flesh cor- 
 rupted their way. The earth was filled with violence. 
 Among the immense and highly cultivated population 
 of the ante-diluvian world, (for such there can be little 
 doubt it was) Jehovah was generally forgotten, or re- 
 membered only to be insulted. Here and there a 
 pious man, like a few feeble and glimmering stars in a 
 dark night, only served to render the surrounding 
 darkness more intense and melancholy. Enochs and 
 afterwards JVoah, and probably others, taught and 
 warned in vain. Until, at length, the wickedness of 
 men rose to such an enormous height, that a Being of 
 infinite wisdom and benevolence determined to destroy 
 the world of the ungodly by a flood. Only a single 
 family of all the corrupt millions on our globe escaped; 
 and even of that family, a part only appear to have 
 been truly pious. 
 
 After the Deluge, the moral and religious interests 
 of men were placed upon a new footing, and commen- 
 ced a new career, with more favorable prospects. 
 The visible Church was continued in the family of 
 JVoahy with additional light and privilege, with ad- 
 ditional covenant engagements, and with addi- 
 tional experience of the evil of sin, and the neces- 
 sity of unreserved obedience. That this religious 
 knowledge was imparted, in all its fulness, to the pos- 
 terity of J\foah, for several generations, there can be 
 no reasonable doubt; and, of course, all the inhabitants 
 of the earth were, once more, instructed in the true 
 
lleiigion, the religion of Jesus Christ, for such it really 
 then was, the same in substance as at the present day. 
 And who would not have expected this precious de- 
 posit to be gratefully retained, and sacredly transmit- 
 ted to the remotest posterity? But, alas! the inhabi- 
 tants of the earth almost immediately commenced 
 aojain the down-hill course. Instruction and warnino- 
 •were vain. Even the terrors of the Deluge were soon 
 forgotten. The religion which came out of the ark, 
 before the last of the occupants of that ark was dead, 
 seems to have nearly vanished from the earth. For- 
 getfulness of God; gross idolatry; moral corruption; 
 and all their attendant evils of discord, strife and war, 
 overspread the nations; and rendered necessary 
 another interposition on the part of the most High 
 to save the church from utterly perishing. 
 
 When Jehovah chose for himself a peculiar People; 
 — when He committed to them his truth and his ordi- 
 nances; — when He recorded his name, and, from time 
 to time, displayed his glory among them, they bo- 
 came, at once, a Light and a Warning to all the sur- 
 rounding nations. But did the world profit, as might 
 have been expected, by all these means of instruction; 
 by all these proclamations of the way of mercy by a 
 Saviour to come? No; far from it! the corrupt Canaan- 
 ites; the refined and scientific Egyptians; the idol- 
 atrous nations round about Palestine; the polished and 
 splendid Babylonians, Persiaiis, Greeks and Romans — 
 all — all, in succession, turned their backs on the offers 
 of mercy; hardened themselves against God; and 
 chose darkness rather than light. The multiplied and 
 most impressive miracles which Jehovah wrought for 
 2 
 
10 
 
 the support of his truth, in the sight of the nations, in 
 Egypt, at the Red Sea, in the ivilderness, and in Canaan, 
 were regarded only with stupifying terror, or harden- 
 ing rage. And even when, at length, the Old Testa- 
 ment Scriptures were translated into the most rich, 
 polished, and cxtensivelj diffused language then on 
 earth, and thus the knowledge of the Sacred Oracles 
 conveyed to many thousands, perhaps millions, of the 
 most enlightened and reflecting part of the heathen 
 world; — still the Church of God seems to have re- 
 ceived no cordial accessions from that quarter. The 
 word of life seems to have been studied only by their 
 Literati; and by them as, at best, only a curious his- 
 tory, or a singular, superstitious fable. With one 
 accord they closed their eyes against its precious light, 
 and sunk down into the most deplorable moral cor- 
 ruption and desolation. So that, when the Saviour 
 came in the flesh, whatever lustre the refmements of 
 luxury, the ingenuity and elegance of art, or the splen- 
 dours of literature and science, may have shed on a icw 
 countries — on Egypt, Babylon, and Syria; on v4sia 
 Minor, Greece, and Italy, the whole world was, with- 
 out exception, a spiritual ^'■waste.^^ Even the Chosen 
 People of God had sunk into the most humiliating cor- 
 ruption and degradation. In whatever direction the 
 eye of piety was turned, men were seen to have fallen 
 ignobly from their high privileges, and to have become, 
 even where society appeared in its best form, a mass 
 of splendid putrefaction and ruin. The Jews, with 
 the Word of God in their hands, had become, in some 
 respects, worse than the surrounding heathen; and 
 the latter, with all their boasted wisdom, had never 
 
11 
 
 been able to reach that great, fundamental fact, on 
 which all revealed religion rests, that there is but One 
 God, the maker of heaven and earth; or rather, it had 
 been imparted to them, but they lost it again and 
 again. JYot liking to retain God — mark that expres- 
 sion — JYot UKiNG to RETAIN God ill their knowledge. 
 He gave them up to a reprobate mind, leaving them to a 
 wretched system of Polytheism, on which the merest 
 babe in Christ looks back with wonder and horror, and 
 which produced etfects worthy of its character. Their 
 very religion directly inculcated and nurtured, pride, 
 ambition, malevolence, cruelty, deceit, and sensuality; 
 and thus, instead of promoting their happiness, was 
 constantly dragging them still lower in crime and 
 wretchedness. 
 
 But, in these deplorable circumstances, in a manner 
 still more marvellous than ever, did a gracious God 
 again interpose, for the benefit of the human family. 
 A Messenger more dignified, and a light more abun- 
 dant, than before, were presented to the inhabitants 
 of the earth. In the fulness of time, the Desire of all 
 nations came, and completed that great Sacrifice for 
 sin, which had been so long the object of prayer and 
 expectation. Now the meridian light of Gospel day 
 shone on the church. That which had been before 
 taught under types and shadows, was now manifest- 
 ed with unveiled glory. And that which had been 
 Iiitherto, chiefly confined to a single nation, was now 
 directed to be proclaimed to all people. Accordingly, 
 the command of the Saviour to his apostles, when he 
 left the world, was, Go ye into all the world, and preach 
 the Gospel to every creature. This command was. in 
 
12 
 
 somo good measure, obeyed. Within two centuries, 
 the Gos{Del was preached, and large and respectable 
 Christian churches formed, in almost all parts of the 
 then known world. And who that witnessed the 
 triumphs of the cross, in the days of the apostles, and 
 of their immediate successors, could have doubted for 
 a moment, that, long before this time, the Church, 
 glorious in strength and beauty, would have been the 
 joy of the whole earth? In fact if Christian parents, 
 and Christian ministers, in early and subsequent times, 
 had not been awfully unfaithful to themselves and 
 their solemn trust, the religion of Jesus Christ had, 
 long since, covered our globe. And that it is not so, 
 is the sin as well as the misery of man himself, and not 
 the fault of God. As long as the Gospel was preach- 
 ed with zeal, in its simplicity and purity, it had free 
 course and was glorified. But when Christians began 
 to grow cold and selfish; Avhen they divided into 
 sects and parties; when the ministers of Christ began 
 to waste their strength in doting about questions and 
 strifes of words, or in contests about titles and places; 
 when they began to adulterate the doctrines of the 
 Gospel with the refinements of philosophy Jalsely so 
 called; when Emperors and Kings perverted the re- 
 ligion of Christ into an engine of state; and when those 
 ■who ought to have been propagating the Gospel 
 abroad, found abundant employment at home, in con- 
 triving uncommanded rites and forms, in struggling for 
 power and wealth, and in toiling through the childish 
 fooleries of superstition; then, indeed, as might have 
 been expected, the ardour of missionary zeal rapidly 
 declined; the progress of truth was arrested; the 
 
13 
 
 Daughter of Zion was covered with a cloud; and the 
 nations called christian, instead of prizing the liberty 
 wherewith Christ had made them free, willingly subject- 
 ed themselves to the yoke of bondage, and gave their 
 strength and power to the Beast. 
 
 And here it may be worthy of notice, as we pass 
 along, that there has always been a tendency in man 
 to add to the appointments of heaven, under the 
 notion of rendering them more popular and acceptable. 
 It seems to have been an opinion entertained by many, 
 in all ages, that a dress of superstitious trappings is 
 necessary as a kind of vehicle for the truth; "that a 
 "simple and rational religion cannot attract and fix the 
 "mass of mankind; that either pageantry, or mysti- 
 "cism, or both, must be employed, if we would mipress 
 "the minds of the generality of men; in short, that 
 "the common people must be, in some degree, deceiv- 
 "ed for their sfood." But never was there a more 
 wretched mistake. As long as the religion of Jesus 
 Christ retained its primitive simplicity, both in doc- 
 trine and ritual, it made, as has been said, rapid pro- 
 gress; and wherever it found its way, demonstrated, 
 that it was the power of God unto salvation. Amidst 
 the sneers of the wise, the frowns of the mighty, and 
 the terrors of martyrdom, it went on conquering and 
 to conquer. But when the simplicity of the Gospel 
 gave place to the inventions of men, Christianity im- 
 mediately declined. It lost its power over the hearts 
 and lives of men. It fell, if I may so speak, by its own 
 weight. Just in proportion as it was divested of its 
 genuine character, its progress was retarded: until, at 
 length, the missionary spirit, and missionary triumphs 
 
14 
 
 of primitive times, were no longer known in the church 
 — Proclaiming to us the decisive and wholesome 
 lesson, that we are never so likely to succeed in the 
 propagation of the Gospel, as when we hold it forth 
 in all its native simplicity, without attempting to make 
 it better, or other, than our Master left it in his 
 word. 
 
 Alas! what a scene of spiritual desolation at this 
 hour broods over the greater part of Christendom, in 
 consequence of acting on a different principle! The 
 wisdom of this tuorld, which is ever Joolishness loilh 
 God, with the view of adorning the religion of Jesus 
 Christ, and recommending it to the world, has gone 
 on, step by step, to load and deform it by additions, 
 and to pollute it by unhallowed admixtures, until it is 
 no longer the Gospel of the grace of God; until it has 
 lost all that attraction and power which once caused 
 it to triumph among the heathen; and until, indeed, 
 it is no longer, as some calling themselves christians 
 present it, worth the acceptance of the heathen. To 
 this it is, no doubt, owing, that, since the rise of the 
 Papal Beast, the Gospel, in the hands of its votaries, 
 has made absolutely no conquests which deserve to be 
 set down to the score of Christianity. To this, in a 
 great measure, is it owing, that, to the present hour, 
 
 but LITTLE MORE THAN A FIFTH PART OF MANKIND SO 
 MUCH AS BEAR THE CHRISTIAN NAME; aild that, of this 
 
 small portion, probably two thirds, at least, need 
 
 INSTRUCTION IN THE GOSPEL ALMOST AS MUCH AS THE 
 BENIGHTED PAGANS THEMSELVES. 
 
 The '"'■wastes^'' and the '^desolations''' spoken of in 
 our text, are called "old wastes," the ^'desolations of 
 
15 
 
 MANY GENERATIONS." Aiid trulj, if thls language were 
 proper in the days of the Prophet, it is still more 
 emphatically proper at the present day. Age after 
 age have this darkness, depravity and misery been 
 brooding over the nations. One blind and corrupt 
 o-eneration after another has existed iis little day, 
 and then passed off the stage, to make way for the 
 following, as dark, as corrupt, and as miserable as 
 themselves. Who that remembers how early, and 
 how long, the children of Abraham enjoyed the light 
 oj' life— the adoption, and the glory, and the giving of 
 the law, and the promises,— cm avoid weeping over 
 that righteous dispensation of God, by which, for so 
 many centuries, they have been scattered abroad, a 
 hissing and a bye-word, among all nations; without a 
 temple, without a priest, without a sacrifice, and with- 
 out a ruler? Who that recollects what Jerusalem Avas, 
 when Solomon wielded the sceptre of his father 
 David, can avoid the most melancholy reflections, 
 when he beholds it, according to the Divine predic- 
 tion, so completely trodden doivn of the gentiles? Who 
 that has read of the large and flourishing churches, 
 which were once the glory of Jntioch and Ephesus, 
 of Smyrna and Sardis, of Corinth and Philippi, can 
 forbear to mourn with bitterness over them now, 
 when their glory is departed, and when their very light 
 is as darkness? How many ages, too, have elapsed, 
 since the millions who follow the false prophet of 
 Mecca, have been slumbering, the miserable victims of 
 imposture, sunk under the blinding and degrading in- 
 fluence of error, and of those wretched vices, which 
 error naturally generates! Above all, how long and 
 
IG 
 
 Jiow sad is the story of Pagan '•^desolation!'''' Truly it is 
 an ''OLD WASTE," the '--desolation of many generations.'"' 
 Century after century — in a wor!d on which the hght 
 of the Gospel has beamed — have the poor Pagans 
 been going on in the same melancholy round, living 
 and dying without God, and without hope; covered 
 with ignorance; besotted with sensuality; reeking with 
 crime; bowing doion to stocks and stones; worshipping 
 them with rites cruel, bloody, impure, or, at best, 
 senseless; strangers to rational enjoyment in this world, 
 and passing every day, by thousands, with prospects 
 still more g-loomv. into the world to come. O that 
 ony head were waters^ and, mine eyes a fountain of tears, 
 that I might weep day and night over this awful ivastCs 
 this mighty desolation! 
 
 Can we contemplate, my Friends, the picture 
 which has been drawn — and 1 am not conscious of 
 having added a single shade which does not properly 
 belons: to it — or rather I am conscious of havino; fallen 
 utterly short of adequately representing its dark col- 
 ours — Can we contemplate, I say, such a picture, 
 without perceiving, and being ready to acknowledge, 
 in all its humiliating extent, the deep depravity of our 
 nature, and the innate tendency of man, in all ages, to 
 depart from God, and from true dignity and happi- 
 ness.'* Can we hesitate a moment to confess, that the 
 children of men are, themselves, wholly to blame, for 
 the darkness and desolation of our world; that we 
 can charge no part of it on the Most High; that they 
 have corrupted themselves, degraded themselves, 
 destroyed themselves? And can we forbear, while we 
 cast an eye over the appalling and heart-sickening 
 
17 
 
 scene, to ask, with the deepest interest. Is there no 
 hope? Can these dry bones live? Can tliese regions of 
 wide spread waste and death, ever be restored to hfe 
 and health, and beauty and happiness? Yes! all glory 
 to the riches of Divine love and mercy! our text 
 gives us an answer at once decisive and animating. 
 For it declares, 
 
 II. That the '•'■waste places''^ which have been de- 
 scribed shall be "built up," and these "/o»"- desola- 
 tions'"' happily "repaired." And it also inforais us bj 
 "WHAT MEANS this restoration shall be effected. — To a 
 brief consideration of this part of our subject let us 
 now proceed. 
 
 That there is a time coming, when this world, so 
 long the theatre of rebellion against God, and of all 
 that complicated suffering which is the natural off- 
 spring of such rebellion, — shall be restored to the 
 reign of truth, and purity, and peace and blessedness, 
 is, if I am not deceived, the almost unanimous expecta- 
 tion of all who bear the christian name. And that 
 this blessed renovation of our world will appear, in 
 all its glory, in less than two centuries from the 
 present time, is also, if I mistake not, generally agreed, 
 even among those who place it at the greatest dis- 
 tance: and some pious and learned interpreters of 
 prophecy believe that it is nigh, even at the door. Let 
 no despondency, or timidity, or secret scepticism lead 
 any one to doubt whether this blessed prospect" will 
 be realized. The month of the Lord hath spoken it. 
 The Father hath given to the Son, from eternity, the 
 heathen for his inheritance, and the uttermost parts of 
 the earth for a possession. The whole earth is plainly 
 
18 
 
 included in the covenant grant; and the whole earth 
 shall, assuredly, be included in the promised blessing. 
 Hath He said it, and shall Fie not do it? Hath He 
 spoken, and shall He not make it good? Heaven and 
 earth may pass away; but one jot or tittle shall in Jio 
 wise pass from his promise, till all he fulfilled. 
 
 Hear what the Lord hath spoken! The Lord of 
 hosts will destroy the face of the covering cast over all 
 people, and the vail that is spread over all nations.* The 
 earth shall be filled ivith the knowledge of the glory of 
 the Lord, as the waters cover the sea.^ For from the 
 rising of the sun even unto the going down of the same, 
 my name shall be great among the Gentiles; and in every 
 place shall incense be offered unto my name, and a pure 
 offering: for my name shall be great among the heathen 
 saith the Lord of hosis.'^ The kingdoms of this world 
 shall become the kingdom of our Lord and of his 
 Christ.^ For He must reign until He hath put all 
 enemies under hisfect.^ The wilderness and the solitary 
 place shall be glad, and the desert shall rejoice and blos- 
 som as the rose.^ The Lord will make bare his arm in 
 the sight of all the nations. JVation shall not lift up the 
 sword against nation; neither shall they learn war any 
 more.** For the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, 
 and all fiesh shall see it together, for the mouth of the 
 Lord hath spoken it.*** 
 
 These precious and animating Scriptures have 
 never yet been fulfilled. They plainly imply, that 
 the period is approaching, when there shall be a 
 general prevalence of the profession and the power 
 
 • /jfljViA xxxv, 6, 7. f Habak. a, 14. i iTnlachii,U. \\ Revelation \i, IS, 
 
 fl Cor. XV, 25. ^ /icia/i XXXV, t. *' Isaiah ii, 4. *** Isaiah \i,S. 
 
19 
 
 of religion over the whole earth. Not that every 
 christian will then be perfect, or even every profes- 
 sor of piety, truly pious: but that the visible church 
 shall fill the world; that all infidelity, heresy, super- 
 stition, profaneness, and open vice, shall be banished 
 from the earth; and that religion shall be every 
 where honoured, and every where prosperous. Be- 
 fore the accomplishment of these predictions, we are 
 assured that the Mm of sin, the Son ofperddion, sha 
 be brouo-ht down; that the kingdom of Jntichnst shall 
 be utterly overthrown; and that the kings of the 
 earth, who had given their power and strength to the 
 Mollier of harlots and abominations, shM then hate Aer, 
 and make her desolate, and burn her with fire* Another 
 preliminary to the introduction of this glorious day- 
 to be accomplished about the same time with the 
 destruction of the Papal power-is bringing to an end 
 the Mohammedan imposture; when all the meleanspmts 
 ^hieh have been east out of the mouth of the false 
 Prophet, as well as out of the mouth of the 5eas(, and 
 which have gone forth deceiving the nations, shall be 
 finally destroyed. These events will prepare the way 
 for the o-eneral conversion of the ancient Covenant 
 People of God; (or grafting them in again into their 
 own Olive tree, from vihieh they have been broken off by 
 
 unbelief AND KESTORmO THEM, AS A BODY, TO THE 
 POSSESSION OF THEIR OWN LAND. For, thus saith the 
 
 Lord, the ehildren of Israel shall abide many days with- 
 out a kin,', and without a prince, and without a sacrifice, 
 and wilhmt an image, and without an ephod, and with- 
 out a ttraphim. But afterward they shall return, and 
 
 * Revelation xvii, 16. 
 
20 
 
 seek the Lord their God, and David their king, and shall 
 fear the Lord and his goodness in the latter days* And 
 again; Behold, I will take the children of Israel from 
 among the heathen, whither they be gone, and I will 
 gather them on every side, and will bring them into 
 their own land. Moreover, I will make a covenant oj* 
 peace with them, even an everlasting covenant; and the 
 heathen shall know that I, the Lord, do sanctify Israel, 
 when my sanctuary 5/ia// be in the midst of them forever- 
 more.'t Again; thus saith the Lord to Israel — Whereas 
 thou hast been forsaken and hated, so that no man went 
 through thee, I ivill fnake thee an eternal excellency, a joy 
 of many generations. The sons also of them that abided 
 thee, shall come bending unto thee, and all they that de- 
 spised thee, shall bow themselves down at the soles of 
 thy feet; and they shall call thee. The City of the Lord, 
 the Zion of the Holy One of Israel.'^ 
 
 And allow me to observe here, mj Friends, if these 
 things be so, what a deep and affectionate interest 
 ought christians of the present day to take in the 
 children of Abraham, still beloved for the Father''s sake; 
 and in that Land in which they are again to be 
 gathered! Surely on them, and on that country, 
 which we may still call their land, the eyes of every 
 disciple of Christ ought now to be intently fixed; for 
 them his prayers ought daily to ascend; and for their 
 conversion every friend to the church of God, and to 
 the ultimate happiness of man, ought to be willing to 
 contribute and to labour to the utmost. For until 
 
 THE JEWS ARE BROUGHT IN, TO SAY THE LEAST, THE 
 
 * Hosca iii, 4, 5. t Exikkl xxxvji, 22— 2S. X Istliah Ix, H, 15, &c. 
 
21 
 
 FULL SPLENDOUR OP i\IILLE^•NIAL GLORY CANNOT ARISE 
 UPON OUR WORLD. 
 
 The conversion of the Jews, and their restoration to 
 their own land, we learn from the sure word ofpropk- 
 ccy, shall be the signal for the universal preaching of 
 the Gospel, and the bringing in of all the gentile nations. 
 For, says the apostle, if the fall of Israel be the riches 
 of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of 
 the gentiles, how much more their fdness! If the casting 
 aivay of them be the reconciUng of the world, ivhat shall 
 the receiving of them be but life from the dead^* For 
 the kingdom, and the greatness of the kingdom, under 
 the whole heaven, shall be given to the people of the saints 
 of the Most 'High, and all dominions shall serve and 
 obey himA 
 
 Blessed renovation! Happy world! when these 
 prospects, in which the Lord causes his people to hope, 
 shall be gloriously realized! I will not attempt to de- 
 scribe the scenes which the generations of the millen- 
 nium are destined to witness. I dare not venture on 
 the task. Take away from the world all the malig- 
 nant and violent passions, which now disquiet and de- 
 grade the children of men; — take away the intemper- 
 ance, the impurity, and the injustice, which are daily 
 destroying individuals and families; take away the 
 bigotry, party-spirit, discord, and strife, which unceas- 
 ingly agitate society, ecclesiastical as well as civil; — 
 take away the war, famine, pestilence, oppression, and 
 slavery, which have been, for so many generations, 
 the scourges of our race; — take away earthquakes, 
 
 » /?(»m/7nfx;, 12,15. t Dame!.\n,2-. 
 
22 
 
 tempests, drought, blasting and mildew, which so 
 often destroy 'the hopes of man: — take away all these 
 things — and suppose the general reign of truth, 
 righteousness, order and peace: — suppose the people 
 of God every where to see eye to eye, and the visible 
 church to be harmoniously united all over the world: 
 — suppose the earth every where cultivated and fruit- 
 ful — the air salubrious — the seasons always favourable 
 — tranquillity, plenty, temperance, health and longev- 
 ity, universally to prevail — and all accompanied with 
 constant and abundant influences of the Holy Spirit, 
 
 CONSTITUTING ONE CONTINUAL AND UNIVERSAL REVIVAL. 
 
 Imagine a scene like this; and then say, whether our 
 world, during such a period, would not deserve to be 
 called, as it is called in the Sacred Volume, the new 
 heavens, and the new earth, wherein dwelleth righteous- 
 ness? Whether it would not deserve to be considered 
 what it is, doubtless, intended to be, the vestibule of 
 that mansion of rest, which is not made iviih hands, 
 eternal in the heavens? 
 
 But by WHAT MEANS shall these promises be fulfilled 
 — these blessed prospects reahzed? 
 
 Not by the mere prevalence and power of human 
 REASON. Many, who profess to have no belief in the 
 Christianas millennium, yet dream of something equiva- 
 lent to a Pagan Elysium on earth. They talk of the 
 perfectability of man; of reaching a period in which 
 all diseases, and all misery shall be unknown; and 
 when death shall be no more triumphant over our race. 
 And they suppose that all this will be accomplished 
 by the progress and influence of Reason, gradually 
 regenerating and restoring the world. But all expe- 
 
23 
 
 rlence, to say nothing of the Bible, pronounces this a 
 vain hope. The experiment has been making on the 
 power of Reason to restrain, purify, and elevate man, 
 for nearly six thousand years; and the result is as 
 mortifying as it is decisive. All that it could ever 
 accomplish, by its best influence, was to soften and 
 polish, but not to remove, the moral desolation: to 
 paint and whiten the sepulchre, while its interiour re- 
 mained ^//et? with dead men's hones, and all uncleanness. 
 It has ever been a fact, and will ever remain a fact, 
 to the end of time, that the world by wisdom knows not 
 God. Never did this boasted Reason teach a single 
 nation, or a single individual, of all the children of men, 
 to deny ungodliness and worldly lusts, and to live sober- 
 ly, righteously, and godly, in this present evil world. 
 
 Nor yet again, will the blessings which we anticipate 
 be attained by the progress of literature and 
 SCIENCE. Although when sanctified, that is consecra- 
 ted by real religion, literature and science are a bless- 
 ing — an inestimable blessing — yet alone they never led 
 an individual to true holiness, or a nation to virtue 
 and happiness: — A fact which is as notorious, as, upon 
 the principle of the sufficiency of natural religion, it is 
 incapable of a satisfactory solution. If it had been 
 otherwise, we might have expected always to find the 
 purest rehgion among those Pagan nations, who carried 
 the refinements of literature and science to the highest 
 pitch of perfection. But was this, in fact, the oase.^ 
 Directly the reverse! The worship of the Great Spirit, 
 by the American or African savage, is unspeakably 
 less removed from the simplicity of the true Religion, 
 
24 
 
 than the thirty thousand deities of the Greek or 
 Roman philosopher. 
 
 Quite as Httle reason, as from either of the fore- 
 going, have we to expect the attainment of our hopes 
 by the restraining and regulating efficacy of human 
 LAWS. Human legislation may prohibit, may threaten, 
 may, to a certain extent, coerce; but its utter — utter 
 insufficiency to reach the seat and throne of human 
 depravity, — to purify the heart, — to curb the restless 
 appetites, — to restrain the rage of clamorous passions, 
 — and to arrest the artful plans, and busy prowlings of 
 secret villainy — has been painfully felt and confessed 
 in every age. So that he who can hope for any effec- 
 tual relief from this quarter, must have a hardihood, 
 not to say, an absurdity of credulity, nearly allied to 
 the hallucination of the bedlamite, who, on his pallet 
 of straw, insists that he is hastening to the occupancy 
 of a throne. 
 
 None of these things, then, can bring on the latter- 
 day glory, or, by themselves essentially meliorate the 
 condition of man in this v^orld. As auxiliaries they are 
 valuable — highly valuable — and, as such, will certain- 
 ly be prized by every enlightened friend of human 
 happiness. But they cannot be the chief confidence 
 of anv rational man. Nothing can be considered in 
 this light but the Religion of Jesus Christ; — the glori- 
 ous Gospel of the blessed God, which is the power of 
 God unto salvation to every one that helieveth; — which 
 alone can reach the heart — act upon its inmost re- 
 cesses — purify its blackest pollutions — and controul its 
 fiercest passions. Men may dream of other remedies; 
 but there is no other really effectual remedy for the 
 
25 
 
 disease of man; no other helper, amidst its dismal 
 ravages, than this. His disease has ever absolutely 
 laughed to scorn all other remedies; and it ever will laugh 
 them to scorn. But here is effectual help. Here and 
 here alone we find light for human darkness, pardon 
 for human guil t, cleansing for human depravity, con- 
 solation for human sorrow, strength for human weak- 
 ness, and a complete Repairer of human ruin. Only 
 suppose the principles and the power of the Religion 
 of Christ to be universal, and this world would exhibit, 
 every where, a foretaste of heaven. They shall be 
 universal. The mouth of the Lord, I again assert, hath 
 spoken it. Nor shall this blessing be attained without 
 means — without human means. It is by the preach- 
 ing of the Gospel, by men, like ourselves, that the 
 prophetick Scriptures every where represent it as to 
 be expected. It is when the rod of Jehovah's strength 
 shall he sent out of Zion, that the nations are to be 
 made willing in the day of his power. 
 
 That eminent and elegant critick, Bishop Lowth, 
 translates the former part of our text thus — j^nd they 
 that spring from thee — that is, from the children of 
 Abraham., when converted (for to them the prophecy 
 ■was directed) shall build up the ruins of old times, shall 
 restore the ancient desolations. From this and a few 
 other passages, in the Old Testament, some pious and 
 learned men have supposed, that the great body 
 of the missionaries who shall be made most successful 
 in converting the gentile nations to Mrahani's God 
 and Saviour, shall be converted jews. On this point 
 I shall, at present, express no decisive opinion. It is 
 true, that some of the Scriptures usually quoted to 
 
26 
 
 cstablisli it, may be considered as sufficiently explained 
 by the fact, that all the first missionaries employed in 
 propagating the Gospel, both before, and immediately 
 after our Lord's ascension, were, native Jews. But 
 other passages have been thought not very naturally 
 to admit of this explanation; and, of course, to sug- 
 gest the opinion just mentioned. I cannot help re- 
 garding the opinion as having some degree of probabil- 
 ity in its favour. And, certainly, if it be taught in 
 Scripture, it is well calculated, on various accounts, 
 deeply to interest the pious mind. 
 
 But perhaps it will be asked, what reason have we 
 to expect such blessed effects from the preaching of 
 the Gospel in time to come.^* We have seen that the 
 same Gospel has been, long since, preached to all 
 nations; and yet it has been generally rejected; and 
 oh! how much "luas^c" and ^'' desolation'''^ still remain! 
 What reason have we, then, to expect a more favour- 
 able result in future.'* I freely acknowledge, brethren, 
 that, on the principle of mere human calculation, we 
 have no such reason. If we had no other ground of 
 confidence, our hopes would certainly be altogether 
 extravagant. But our expectations are founded en- 
 tirely on the promise of God. The promise has 
 passed his lips, that the time shall soon come, when 
 the Gospel shall be crowned with universal success; 
 when the complaint shall no longer be made. Who 
 hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the 
 Lord revealed? Nay, when it shall be so universally re- 
 ceived that it shall be no longer necessary for men to 
 teach every one his neighbour^ and every one his brother, 
 saying, know ye the Lord; but when all shall know him. 
 
27 
 
 froYd the least of them even unto the greatest of them* 
 Not that we are to suppose, that when the Millennium 
 opens, ministers will no longer be necessary. This 
 would be to suppose, that the preaching of the Gos- 
 pel, and the administration of the sacraments will then 
 cease. Whereas the whole tenour of Scripture leads 
 to the conclusion, that, during the period in question, 
 all the ordinances of religion will be more universally 
 enjoyed, and more highly prized, than ever; and, 
 consequently, that the ministers of religion will be 
 more numerous, more sought after, and more beloved, 
 than in any former period. The children of men will 
 then come into the world depraved as well as noic. 
 The same means of grace which are now made 
 effectual to the conversion of sinners, and to the edifi- 
 cation and comfort of believers, will then, no doubt, 
 be employed, and made effectual for the same pur- 
 poses. The chief point of difference will be, that they 
 will then, very seldom, fail of success. And, surely, 
 this circumstance will not be likely to make them less 
 esteemed. But when it is said, that, at that time, men 
 shall not any longer need to teach every man his neigh- 
 bour, and every man his brother, saying — knoio the Lord, 
 we are to understand the prediction as meaning, that 
 Christian light shall then be so universally diffused, 
 that no part of the population of the globe, shall need 
 that instruction in the knowledge of the true God, as 
 distino-uished from idols, which we now impart to the 
 Pagan nations. 
 
 Perhaps my hearers will expect me to say somc- 
 thino- more particular than I have yet said, as to the 
 
 Jeremiah xxxi, 34. 
 
28 
 
 time in which the glorious day of which I have been 
 speaking, shall be ushered in. On this subject, I pro- 
 fess to know so little, and feel myself so little entitled 
 to speak with confidence, that I shall, of course, for- 
 bear to pronounce positively. That it will arrive, and 
 before a long lapse of time, I have no more doubt than 
 I have that the judgment of the great day will arrive. 
 But perhaps we may s^y of the former, as vvc certain- 
 ly must of the latter — Of that day, and of that hour 
 Jcnoweth no man. Possibly some of your children's 
 children may see it, if not in its meridian glory, yet in 
 its early dawn. But he that helieveth shall not make 
 haste. Let us patiently wait the Lord's time. Of 
 one thing we may be certain, that it will be brought 
 on as fast and as soon as infinite Wisdom sees best; 
 and faster or sooner no enliofhtened believer would al- 
 low himself, for a moment, to desire. The vision is 
 Jor an appointed time; but, at the end it will speak and 
 not lie. Though it tarry, wait for it, for it will surely 
 come, it will not tarry.* 
 
 But I ought in candour to say, that, before the mil- 
 lennium can arrive, there are, I fear, yet to be exhibit- 
 ed in our world, and especially on the old Latin Earth, 
 scenes from which, if we could fully anticipate them, 
 the stoutest heart would turn away appalled and 
 shuddering^ Yes; scenes of which to hear, in the 
 most distant manner, will make the ears of the men 
 of that generation tingle! The great day of the battle 
 of God Almighty is yet to come: a battle which must 
 rage with peculiar violence on the site of that Empire 
 
29 
 
 of persecution and blood, over which Satan, for so 
 many ages, reigned. God grant that our beloved 
 Country, which has so httle of the blood of the saints 
 in its skirts, may be in a great measure exempted 
 from the horrors of that awful scene! But, however 
 this may be, let no marl's heart fail him on that account; 
 nay, let no effort be paralyzed by the anticipation ot 
 the dreadful conflict. For the elects^ sake, it shall be 
 shortened. And I had almost said. Let christians of 
 the present day be united and diligent in doing their 
 duty, — In spreading the Gospel, — and in besieging the 
 throne of grace — and the conflict shall be made 
 SHORTER still! And even amidst the utmost fury ot 
 its rage, let it never be forgotten, that it is the indis- 
 pensable harbinger of blessings unparalleled and 
 glorious! Again, then, I say. Let no man^s heart fail 
 him at the prospect. The Lord of hosts is with iis; 
 the God of Jacob is our refutre. Selah. 
 From what has been said, we may learn, 
 I. How great a blessing it is to be favoured with the 
 Gospel of Christ! It is almost as incredible as it is 
 humiliating, how prone we are, wlien a blessing is 
 familiarly enjoyed, to forget its value, and to forget 
 our obligations for it. So it is with the light of day. 
 So it is with the vital air which we breathe, and with 
 our daily food. And so it is, pre-eminently with the 
 light and the privileges, of the Gospel. We have 
 enjoyed them so long and so constantly, that we are 
 ready to consider them, not only as matters of course, 
 but almost, in a sort, as our rio-ht. We foriret that to 
 them we are indebted for our personal safety, for our 
 domestick purity and peace, and for our social order, 
 
30 
 
 ■ and liapjDiness, as well as for all our spiritual knowl- 
 edge and hopes. But, to correct this error, let us often 
 think of the darkness and desolation of the poor 
 Pagans. And let us again recollect that our ances- 
 tors WERE ONCE IN THE SAME SITUATION. Yes, breth- 
 ren; within the reach of authentick history, the in- 
 habitants of the British Isles were miserable savages 
 and idolaters, offering human and other sacrifices to 
 dumb idols, and sunk in all the sottish corruption and 
 misery of Paganism. Such were our Fathers! But 
 God had mercy on them, and sent missionaries to 
 them, to teach them the way of life. And from them 
 the blessing has been transmitted to us. Through 
 the tender mercy of our God, the day-spring from on 
 high has visited W5, to guide our feet in the way of peace. 
 The lines have fallen unto us in pleasant places^ yea we 
 have a goodly heritage. Blessed are our eyes^for they 
 see, and our ears, for they hear; for ma7iy prophets and 
 righteous men desired to see the things which we see, but 
 never saw them, and to hear the things which we hear, 
 hut never heard them. Bless the Lord, our souls, and 
 all that is within us, bless his holy name; bless the Lord, 
 O our souls, and forget not all his benefits* 
 
 2. We learn, from the foregoing remarks, that the 
 cause of missions is decisively the most important and in^ 
 teresting cause in the world; and that the duty of pros- 
 ecuting it as extensively as possible, is, at once manifest, 
 and most imperative. 
 
 To show the unspeakable greatness and importance 
 of the cause of missions, nothing more, I am persuaded, 
 
 * Luke i,78. Psaltnx.\i,6. Matt, \ui, 16. P*a/ni ciii, 1,2,3. 
 
31 
 
 is necessary before a christian audience, than to re- 
 mind them what that cause is; to remind them that it 
 is the same cause in which the eternal counsels ot" 
 peace were engaged; the same cause for which the 
 Divine Redeemer descended from heaven, and under- 
 went all the humiliation and sufferings of his incarnate 
 state. It is the cause which has for its object the 
 extension of the Saviour's reign, and raising millions of 
 cur fellow men from deplorable darkness and desola- 
 tion, to temporal and eternal blessedness. Yes, it is 
 the GREAT CAUSE, In comparison with which all 
 OTHERS SINK UNTO NOTHING. Let the worldly Philos- 
 opher and Statesman, dazzled with the artificial splen- 
 dour of their respective little worlds, imagine that the 
 subject of missions is a minor matter, which nothing 
 but fanaticism magnifies into much ituportance. Alas! 
 they know no better. They are blind to the real 
 character of this great object. The cause which 
 they undervalue, will, in a little while, be seen and 
 acknowledged to be the cause of God, of glory, and 
 of eternity, when all the petty plans and efforts 
 Avhlch now fill their vision and their hearts, shall be 
 lost m oblivion. 
 
 No christian is at liberty to consider himself as dis- 
 charged from the duty of aiding in this great cause. 
 Every disciple of Christ under heaven is bound to do 
 ALL IN HIS POWER to Impart the glad tidings of salva- 
 tion to all others who have it not. And never will 
 this obligation cease, until the Gospel has been actually 
 preached to every nation, and kindred, and tongue 
 and people. As long as there is a single nation re- 
 maining Pagan, our efforts to send them the Gospel,- 
 
32 
 
 ought not to be abandoned, or even relaxed. Nay, 
 as long as a single individual of our species is known 
 to be Ignorant of Christ, it would be worth while to 
 go to all the expense and trouble of circumnavigating 
 the globe, to carry to that individual the knowledge 
 of salvation. 
 
 I am aware that some who profess to love the 
 cause of missions, have seriously questioned the wis- 
 dom and the dutv of sendins: missionaries to ^^sia. and 
 to the Islands of the Pacifick ocean, while there re- 
 main so many literal heathen, as well as so many 
 destitute frontier settlements, in our own land, to 
 whom the heralds of salvation are yet to be sent. 
 Into the general discussion of this subject, it is impos- 
 sible, at present, to enter. A word or two only can 
 be indulged. It is manifest that if the apostles and 
 primitive christians had acted upon the principle of 
 these objectors, the progress of the Gospel would 
 have been much more slow, and confined within much 
 narrower limits, than it was. But, blessed be God! 
 they did not act upon it. They sent forth mission- 
 aries to distant regions, passing by, for a time, many 
 waste and desolate places in their more immediate 
 neighbourhood; and establishing a number of great 
 centres of evangelical light and action in the midst of 
 Satan's empire. This u'as a wise plan at that time, or 
 else inspired men would never have adopted it, and 
 it is a wise plan still. And, for myself, I have no 
 fear, that following their example, will prevent, or, 
 for an hour, retard the progress of the Gospel among 
 the frontier settlements, or the heathen on our bor- 
 ders. On the contrary, I am persuaded, that from 
 
every Ibrcign missionary station on which God is 
 pleased to pour out his spirit, a blessed influence never 
 fails to re-act, not only all around it, but also, and in no 
 small degree, upon the christian population of" our 
 own land; exciting on the subject of missions a deeper 
 interest, and more fervent prayers; and eventually 
 calling forth larger contributions, and more mission- 
 aries, for doraestick as well as for foreign purposes. 
 All experience demonstrates that we are never so 
 likely to receive an ample blessing at home, as when 
 we open our hearts, and send help to our brethren 
 abroad. 
 
 My HONOURED AND REVEREND ASSOCIATES OF THE 
 
 BOARD OP missions! The trust reposed in us is solemn 
 and interesting in the highest degree! To be called 
 especially and jointly to engage in this noblest of all 
 causes, is a privilege and an honour which we can 
 never adequately prize. If we made the estimate of 
 it which we ought, we should come, every successive 
 year, to the discharge of our duty, with augmented 
 pleasure and zeal, and never think that we had done, 
 ©r could do a thousandth part enough in such a cause. 
 Oh! if the glorified spirits of our departed Fellow- 
 members could speak to us from their mansions of 
 rest: if the beloved and venerated Dwight and Wor- 
 cester could re-visit our Board, and tell us what 
 their estimate now is of that cause in which they were 
 once engaged with us here; — would it be, think you, to 
 intimate that they had loved it too much, or had been 
 more devoted to it than it deserved? Oh, no: On the 
 contrary, it would be to say, that they now see in it an 
 importance and a glory unspeakably greater than 
 
34 
 
 I hey ever saw in this world; and to conjure us to pur- 
 sue it with growing ardour and affection. 
 
 3. We may learn from this subject, not only the 
 importance of the missionary cause; but also the great 
 encouragement which we have to persevere in the pursuit 
 of it. — We have the best encouragement in the world; 
 the encouragement derived from the assurance that 
 we shall not labour in vain. We know that it is a 
 cause which must and will succeed. The promise 
 of Him ivho cannot lie has gone forth: and will any one 
 dare to say either that He cannot or tvill not accom- 
 plish what He has promised? Let us, then, hold on 
 our way, with all the alacrity and confidence of those 
 wdio anticipate a speedy and a glorious conquest. Let 
 us be steadfast, unmoveable, always abounding in the 
 work of the Lord^ forasmuch as we know that our labour 
 shall not be in vain in the Lord* What though appa- 
 rently adverse dispensations of Providence now and 
 then occur.'* What though some of those missionaries, 
 from whose labours much was expected, are taken 
 away, prematurely as it appears to us, by death? What 
 though tliat ample success, for which we have been 
 waiting and praying, be delayed longer than we had 
 confidently anticipated? Still let none be discouraged. 
 The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some 
 men count slackness. Let us, therefore, be patient. Be- 
 hold the husbandman waitethfor the precious fruit of the 
 earth, and hath long patience for it, until he receive the 
 early and the latter rain. Let us also be patient, and 
 stablish our hearts, for the coming of the Lord draxoeth 
 nigh, 
 
 ' 1 Cor, XT, 58. 
 
35 
 
 And, while wc arc thus waiting, let us remembei 
 where our only hope and encouragement he. Only 
 in the power and faithfulness of our covenant God. 
 Without Jehovah, the king of Zlon, ive can do nothing. 
 Except the Lord build the house, they labour in vain 
 that build it. Unless the Spirit of God preside in our 
 counsels, and go forth with those whom we send, as 
 a Spirit of counsel and of might, of mderstandmg, and 
 of the fear of the Lord, all that we attempt will be in 
 vain Yes; all the wisdom which this age ot literature 
 and of science can produce; all the funds which the 
 east and the west, the north and the souih can furnish, 
 will prove altogether ineffectual, unless the Almighty 
 kino- of Zion^M his blessing. While we plan and 
 labour, then, let us pray ivithout ceasing for that bless- 
 ing Let us constantly look, and long, and entreat for 
 the display of that mighty power of God, which is, after 
 all, our only hope. Awake, awake, put on strengt.i, 
 O arm of the Lord! Awake, as in the ancient days, in 
 the generations of old. Art thou not it that hath cut 
 Rahab, and wounded the Dragon? art thou not it which 
 hath dried up the sea, the waters of the great deep; that 
 hath made the depths of the sea a way for the ransomed 
 
 to pass over?* 
 
 4. We learn, again, from what has been said, how 
 great is the privilege and the honour of being a rnission- 
 ary. When I speak of the honour of being a mission- 
 ary, I have no reference to the applause of men; no 
 reference to that sort of reputation which he may de- 
 rive from having his name emblazoned m every 
 Gazette and Magazine and his labours and success 
 
36 
 
 lauded by the Reports and Orators of respectabie 
 Societies. This is a kind of honour, which princi- 
 ples greatly inferiour to those of Christianity ought to 
 teach every man to value at a very low rate. But I 
 speak of honours infinitely more valuable; honours 
 which, though they have nothing attractive or desir- 
 able in the eyes of an unbelieving world, will be esti- 
 mated above all price by men of true wisdom; — the 
 honour of receiving the approbation of God — the 
 honour of being employed as instruments to build up 
 his kingdom, and promote his glory. These are the 
 honours, my respected and beloved young Friends, 
 who are this day to be set apart for missionary work, 
 — these are the honours which, I trust, will be yours. 
 You are going forth to attempt, as God shall enable 
 you, to ^hepair the waste places,''^ to build up the '"'desola- 
 tions of many generations.^'' You are going forth to be, 
 as your Master was, the restorers of paths to dwell in. 
 The predecessors of all those to whom you are about 
 to be sent once enjoyed the true Religion, or had it 
 placed within their reach. But they rejected the 
 precious offering, and sunk down into darkness, cor- 
 ruption and misery. You go, if, haply, you may be 
 made, by the blessing of God, instrumental in raising 
 them from their degradation, pouring light on their 
 darkness, comforting them in their sorrows, delivering 
 them from their old desolations; in a word, teaching 
 them how to be happy in this world, and eternally 
 blessed in the world to come. What a noble, what a 
 delightful, what a godlike employment is here! and 
 yet how arduous! Who is svjicicnt for these thingsP 
 If jou desire, in any measure to attain the object for 
 
37 
 
 which vou are sent, be careful to carry, wherever you 
 go, the pure Gospel. Know nothing bvt Jesus Christ 
 and him crucified. Hold forth., with simplicity and 
 fidelity, the word of life. And, having done this, place 
 all your reliance on the power of God to crown your 
 work with success. Paid may plant, and ^^poUos 
 •may water, but God giveth the increase. JVeither is he 
 that planteth any thing, nor he that watereth any things 
 but God that u-iveth the increase.* Difficulties and 
 trials will certainly await you. Nothing great or 
 precious, in this lost world, was ever accomplished 
 without them. But if they are made the means of 
 keeping you more humble, and nearer to God, they 
 will become, however painful, the means of promoting 
 the grand object which you seek — the furtherance of 
 the Gospel. — Go in peace; and may the God of love 
 and of peace go with you! 
 
 5. Finally; while we are taking measures for sending 
 the Gospel to others, have we all embraced it practically 
 and savingly for ourselves? 
 
 We have heard of great things, my friends, which 
 God will certainly accomplish for his church. But 
 there is every reason to believe, that before they can 
 be completely accomplished, all of us, who are now 
 seated before the Lord, shall have gone to judgment, 
 arid have entered on our eternal state. Are we pre- 
 pared for that judgment.'^ We speak much, and we, 
 perhaps, give something, for sending the Gospel to the 
 heathen; but are there no heathen in this audience:^ 
 O, my fellow mortals! that very Saviour whom we 
 wish to proclaim to the benighted nations, must be 
 
 * 1 Cor. iiij 5,6,7, 
 
38 
 
 cordially embraced by tts^j or we shall never see life. 
 That same pardoning mercy and sanctifying grace, 
 •which we are desirous of having preached in the dark 
 places of the earth, must be experimentally known by 
 us, or we shall die in our sins. All our privileges, 
 however rich and various, will fall utterly short of 
 saving us. Saving us, did I say? If not practically 
 improved, they will but sink us into a deeper perdi- 
 tion than we should have incurred if we had never 
 enjoyed them. We must be luashcd, and justified, and 
 sanctified, in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the spirit 
 of our God. Then, if we die before the millennium 
 arrives, it will be to goto a brighter and better world, 
 than even millennial glory can render this theatre of 
 rebellion and sutfering. Then, from the heights of 
 the Upper Sanctuary, we shall look down on the 
 Saviour's triumphs here below, with joy unspeakable 
 andfidl of glory. In the mean time, let us aspire to the 
 honour of hemgicorkers together with God, in hastening 
 on those triumphs. Let the language of our hearts, 
 and of our conduct, as well as of our lips, unceasingly 
 be — Come, Lord Jesus! come ciuickly; even so come, 
 Lord Jesus! Amen. 
 
CHARGE, y 
 
 BY THE REV. ABEL FLINT, D.I). 
 
 OF HARTFORD. 
 
 On me is devolved, by vote of the Ecclesiastical Council, con- 
 vened on this solemn and interesting occasion, the duty of giving 
 a Charge to these persons who have been ordained to the work 
 of the gospel ministry, with particular reference to their acting as 
 Evangelists. Although the Charge is to be addressed to them, 
 more immediately, yet all persons present mrty receive instruction. 
 All who have been called to minister in holy things will be re- 
 minded of the solemn obligations lying upon them; and of the im- 
 portance of fidelity in the service of their great Master. And, 
 from hearing the injunctions given to these ministers of Christ, 
 other persons will learn the arduousness of their ofhce; and will 
 thence see the great importance of commending them, and all the 
 other Ambassadors of Christ, by earnest prayer, to him who alone 
 can enable them so to discharge their duty, as to be blessings to 
 their fellow men. From viewing the nature of that treasure, 
 which is committed to earthen vessels, all this assembly will see, 
 that the excellency of the power must be of God, and not of man. 
 They will also see, that while it behoves ministers to be faithful, 
 it is also incumbent on all people to help them, by their prayers, 
 and in all other ways in their power. Attend, then, my hearers, 
 to the Address to be delivered to these servants of Christ. 
 
 Reverekd an'd dear Sirs, 
 
 The office to which you have now been inducted, by 
 prayer and the imposition of the hands of the Presbytery, is de- 
 signated, in the holy Scriptures, by a variety of names, each of 
 
40 
 
 which suggests appropriate duties, connected witlithe office. To 
 some of those names, with their correspondent duties, permit me, 
 speaking in the name of the Council, to call your attention, as in 
 the presence of God, of the holy angels, and of this assembly. 
 
 As Ambassadors for Christ, the prince of peace, we charge you 
 to beseech sinners, whenever you shall have an opportunity to 
 address them, to become reconciled to God. Urge them to lay 
 aside the weapons of their rebellion, and to submit, unreservedly, 
 to their lawful sovereign. Point out, explicitly, the terms wtich 
 God has proposed. Testify repentance towards God, and faith in 
 the Lord Jesus Christ. Show to sinners God's readiness to receive 
 them, on their complying with his terms. Set before them the 
 danger of their situation; and exhort them to believe and be 
 saved. 
 
 As Ministers and Servants of Christ, we charge you to evince 
 fidelity in this service. Endeavour to perform the various duties 
 of the ministerial office, as you shall have opportunity, in such a 
 manner as to approve yourselves to him. Be assiduous in devis- 
 ing and executing plans to promote the cause of your divine 
 Master; and, should you ever be called to set apart others to this 
 work, examine carefully into their qualifications, and lay hands 
 suddenly on no man. 
 
 As Stewards of the mysteries of God, we charge you to be 
 found faithful. Observe all the institutions appointed by the great 
 head of the Church. Preach the word; — be instant in season and 
 out of season; — administer, whenever called to the service, the 
 sealing ordinances of Baptism and the Lord's Supper; the latter to 
 visible believers, and the former to them and their infiint seed. 
 Attend, also, as you may have occasion, to the discipline of Christ's 
 liouse; but always do it in a spirit of meekness and love, with 
 earnest prayer to God, that offenders may be reclaimed. 
 
 As Teachers, we charge you to preach the truth as it is in 
 Jesus, and not shun to declare the whole counsel of God. Insist 
 much upon the depravity and moral impotence of sinners, — upon 
 the divinity and atonement of Christ, — upon the necessity of 
 special divine influences to renew the heart of man to holiness, 
 and upon all the doctrines, with which those mentioned are inti- 
 mately connected, and which are called, by way of distinction, the 
 docUmes of grace. To fit yourselves for this, be men of study. 
 
41 
 
 so far as your situation will admit: — give attendance to reading, to 
 exhortation, to doctrine; — meditate upon these things, and give 
 yourselves wholly to them, that your protiting may appear to all. 
 
 As Shepherds, we charge you to feed Christ's sheep and iambs, 
 wherever you can tind them. Nourish them with sound doctrine, 
 and administer to them the consolations of the GospHJ, according 
 to their necessities. Strengthen the diseased, heal that which is 
 sick, — bind up that which is broken, — bring again that which is 
 driven away, — and seek that which is lost. Look out those which 
 are scattered upon the dark mountains whither you are to go, and 
 bring them into the fold of Christ. 
 
 Should you ever be called to act as Overseers or Bishops of par- 
 ticular Churches, we charge you to take the oversight thereof 
 willingly, and of a ready mind, not as lording it over God's 
 heritage, but as being examples to the flock. Let their spiritual 
 interests ever lie near your hearts, and be assiduous in your en- 
 deavours to promote the same. Watch over them in the Lord. 
 Adapt your ministrations to their particular circumstances. Teach 
 ihem, not only publicly, but from house to house. Counsel, warn, 
 and exhort them. Visit them in their afflictions; — comfort them 
 under their trials; — show them, in your public labours, and in your 
 private intercourse with them, that you seek not theirs but them; 
 — and in all your addresses to him who is the hearer of prayer, 
 remember your people, and supplicate for them spiritual and 
 temporal blessings, suited to theirneeds. 
 
 As Elders, we charge you to be grave and prudent, examples 
 to believers in word, in conversation, in charity, in spirit, in faith, 
 in purity. Take heed to yourselves, and to the ministry which 
 you have received of the Lord Jesus. Look well to the state of 
 your hearts; and be careful that, in all your conduct and conversa- 
 tion, you show a becoming regard to that religion which you are 
 to preach to others. 
 
 Beloved brethren, The remarks hitherto made, would be ap- 
 plicable to you, were you to remain in the land of your nativitj', 
 and to act as ministers of the gospel in countries where the pure 
 light of Christianity has long shone. But in the Providence ol' 
 God, you are destined for other regions; two of you to Islands in 
 the great Pacific, the inhabitants of which have never, until recent- 
 ly, had any knowledge of the true God, nor heard of that Saviour, 
 6 
 
42 
 
 through whom alone any can obtain eternal lite; and the other one 
 of you to that land which was once the land of premise, — to that 
 country, where Jesus, the divine Saviour, suffered, bled, and died; 
 but whose wretched and miserable inhabitants, either reject him 
 wholly, or have not that knowledge of him which his holy word 
 teaches. — Permit me, therefore, in the name of the Council, to 
 address you as Evajjgelists. 
 
 As such, we charge you to go forth, in the exercise of that 
 spirit, which animated the primitive heralds of the cross. Go to 
 the scattered Tribes of Israel, — goto the deluded followers of the 
 Prophet of Arabia, — go to the semi-christians of Palestine, — go to 
 the blinded Pagans, wherever God, in his Providence, shall call 
 you, and proclaim glad tidings of salvation through a Redeemer. 
 Go, teach guilty men that they are sinners, that they need a 
 Saviour, — that they must perish without him; and that there is no 
 other name given under heaven, whereby any can be saved, but 
 the name of Jesus. — Go, reach forth a hand to pluck your 
 fellow men from the pit of destruction. As opportunity shall pre- 
 sent, do the work of Evangelists, braving the dangers, encounter- 
 ing the trials, and patiently enduring the labors to which your 
 divine master shall call you. And remember, for your encourage- 
 ment, that gracious promise made to his primitive disciples, and 
 made also to yon, '-Lo, I am with you always." Supported by 
 that promise, go forth, brethren, and exert yourselves in ditfusing 
 a knowledge of salvation. Perform the arduous duties of Mission- 
 aries, as occasion shall call for them, and as 3 ou shall have oppor- 
 tunity to discharge them. And if, through your instrumentality, 
 but one erring mortal shall be brought to a knowledge and love 
 of the truth, great will be your reward in heaven. May the 
 blessing of God attend you. May the augel of the covenant be 
 with you. And may many, in a future world, look back, and 
 recognize you a«, under God, the instruments of their everlasting 
 salvation. 
 
RIGHT HAND OF FELLOWSHIP, 
 
 BY THE REV. JOEL IIAWE3, OF HARTFORD. 
 
 To us, beloved brethren, but especially to you, the present is an 
 occasion of deep and tender interest. To day God is granting; you 
 the desire of your hearts. The work, to which you are now con- 
 secrated, has long engaged your rellections and your prayers. 
 You have surveyed the condition of the benighted heathen, and 
 have pitied them; you have heard the command of the Savior, — 
 Go ye into all the world and pi'eacli the gospel to every creature, 
 and have felt it to be addressed to you; you have fixed your eye 
 on the promise of G.d that the whole earth shall yet be filled with 
 his praise, and moved, as we trust, by an impulse from above, you 
 have desired to bear some humble part in accomplishing this 
 glorious work. And here, in the presence of earth and heaven, 
 you have been constituted ministers of Christ and heralds of salva- 
 tion, to those who are sitting in the region and shadow of death. 
 By the solemnities of this day you are all separated from the secu- 
 lar employments and pursuits of the world; from your countr}', your 
 kindred and your homes; from all the endearments and privileges 
 of a christian and civilized societ}', that you may go far hence to 
 preach Christ to the heathen. The work, brethren, to which 
 you are devoted, is great and difficult. It will require, on your 
 part, peculiar fortitude, patience, and self denial; peculiar wisdom, 
 prudence, perseverance and prayer. But with all its sacrifices 
 and trials, it is a glorious and most desirable work — a work in 
 which apostles and martyrs deemed it an unspeakable privilege to 
 be employed, and which, we are confident, will awaken a deeper 
 and still deeper interest among the friends of Christ, till all who 
 dwell on earth shall know and love his precious name. 
 
46 
 
 Go then, dear brethren, and may the blessing of Almighty God 
 go with you. You will have the sympathies and prayers of all who 
 love Zion; and sustained by his arm who has said, lo I am with 
 you alway even unto the end, you will be steadfast, unmoveable, 
 always abounding in the work of the Lord. The Lord keep you 
 and bless you; and when this warfare shall be accomplished, may 
 he bring us all together into that kingdom, where our communion 
 and our joy shall be perfected forever. 
 
BRIEF VIEW OF THE MISSIONS 
 
 VXDER THE DIRECTION OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS 
 FOR FOREIGN MISSIONS, COMPILED OC 1 OBER, 1822. 
 
 The Board ivas instituted in June, 1810; and incorporated June 20, 1812. 
 
 •TEREMIAH EVARTS. Esq. at the Missionary Rooms, No. 69, Market Street, Boston, is 
 Corresponding Secretary oftlie Board; and Clerk of the Prudential Committee. To Iiini should 
 be addi-essed all commuuiealions, which relate to the appointment of missionaries and assistants, 
 and to the (general concerns of the Board. 
 
 HENRY HILL, Esq. at the Missionaiy Rooms, is Treasurer; to whom all letters, ■v\hich 
 relate to donations, or to any pecuniary concerns of the Board, should be addressed. 
 
 I. MISSION AT BOMBAY. 
 
 This mission became fixed in 1814. The missionaries are engaged in three 
 principal objects: — the translation of tlie Scriptures; the superintendence of 
 schools; and the preaching of the Gospel. — The mission has three stations; — 
 Bombay, Mahim, and Tannah. 
 
 Bombay. — A large city on an island of the same name. It is the capital of all 
 the British possessions on the western side of the peninsula, and is the primary 
 seat of the mission. 
 
 Rev. Gordon Hall, Missionary; Jlr. James Garrett, Printer. The widow of the late Mr. 
 Newell resides here. 
 
 Mahim. — Sis miles from Bombay, on the north part of the island. 
 
 Rev. Allen Graves, Missionary. 
 
 Tannah. — The principal town of the island of Salsette,25 miles from Bombay. 
 
 Rev. John Nichols, Missionary. 
 
 The missionaries had established 25 schools;— 17 on the islands of Bombay and Salsette; and S, 
 at as many different placts along one hundred miles of the adjacent coast. But of these 25 
 schools, thej- were obliged to suspend 10, about the middle of last year, for want of funds. The 
 schools contain, on an average, about 50 seho'ai-s. — The missionaries are now ready to print the 
 whole Bible, translated by tiiem into the Jlaliratta language, as fast as tlie means can be pro- 
 cured. 
 
 II. MISSION IN CEYLON. 
 
 This mission was established in the district of Jaffna, October, 1816. It has five 
 stations; — Tillipally, Batticotta, Oodooville, Pantliteripo, and Manepy. 
 
 TiLLiPALLT — Nine miles north of Jaffnapatara 
 
 Rev. James Richards and Rev. Daniel Poor, Missiojiaries. Nicholas Permander, Native 
 Preacher. 
 
 Batticotta. — Si.v miles north-west of Jaffnapatara. 
 
 Rev. Benjamin C. Meigs, and Rev. Hemy Woodward, Missionaries, Gabriel Tissera, 
 Native Teacher, 
 
 OoDooTiLLE.— Five miles north of Jaffnapatam. 
 Rev. Miron Winslow, Missionary, Francis Malleappa, Native Preacher^ 
 
 PANniTERipo.— Nine mil-s nortli-west of Jaftnapatam. 
 Rev. Joint Scudder, M. D. Missionary. 
 
 Manrpy — Four miles and a half north-west of Jaffnapatam, 
 R.ev. Levi Sjiaulding. Missionary. Philip Matthew, Native Preacher. 
 
 The blessing of God has attended the labors of the missionaries among the voulhs in the 
 schools; especially at Tillipally, wlierc those who had been longest in the schools principallv 
 resided. A sileut, but perceptible, inlhiencc is also eserttdon nianv naiives in the dislrici oV 
 Jalfua. 
 
48 MISSIONARY' STATIONS. 
 
 III. MISSION AMONG THE CHEUOKEES. 
 
 This mis-ion was cstablislied in 1817. It has three stations; — Braiocrd, Creek- 
 I'atli, .iiul Taloiiey; and new stations are contemplated at lligli- I'ower, Ciiatooga, 
 Wills-Town, and other places. 
 
 Bhaixehh. — Is the oldest station of the Board among the Indians; and is 
 situated within the chartered limits of 'I'ennessee, on the Chickamaugah creek, 
 250 miles N. W.of Augusta; 150 S E. of Nashv'ille; andllOt^. W.of Knoxville. 
 
 Rev. Ard Hoyt, Rev. Daniel S. nutrick. and Rev. William Chamberlain. AfmMji/i/vci-; Dr. 
 Elizur Butler, Phi/i-ician; Messrs. Abijah Conjjar, John Vail, John C. Ellswoitli, Ei-aslus Dean, 
 Sylvester Ellis, aiid Ainswortli E. Blunt, Assistant Missionaries; and Jolm Arch, a con- 
 verted Cherokee, Interpreter. 
 
 Creek-path.— -100 miles W. S. VV. of Braineid. A school was established 
 herein April, 18'20. 
 
 Rev. William Potter, Missionary, 
 
 Taloxet. — Sixty miles S. E. of Brainerd. A school was established here in 
 M.iy, 1820. 
 
 Messrs. Jloody Hall and Heni7 Parker, Assistant Missionaries. 
 
 IV. MISSION AMONG THE CHOCTAVVS. 
 
 Commenced at Elliot, in August, 1818. It has three stations; — Elliot, Mayhew, 
 and the French Camps. 
 
 EtiioT. — Within the chartered limits of llie state of Mississippi; on the 
 Yalo Busha creek: about 30 miles above its junction with the Yazoo; 400 
 W. S. W.of Brainerd; and 145 from the Wa'inut Hills. 
 
 Mr. Cntus Bying'ton. Licenser/ Preacher nn:lMissinnnr'j; Dr. William W. Pride, Physician; 
 and Messrs. Moses Jewell, Joel \Voo<l, Anson Dyer, Zechari;th Howes, John Siuith, and Elijah 
 Bardwell, Assistant Missio7iaries. 
 
 Mathew. — On the Ooktih-be-I»a creek, 12 miles above its junction with tlie 
 Tombigbee, and lot) east of Elliot. Commenced in the spring of 1820, 
 
 Rev. Cyrus KinpTibiny and Rev. Alfred Wright, Missionaries; and Messrs. Calvin Cnshman, 
 William Hooper, Samuel Wisner, Philo P. Stewart, and David Remington, ^hsistant Mission- 
 aries. 
 
 FREJfCH CAMPS. — A settlement on the Natches road, south-west of Mayhew. 
 Mr. LoringS. Williams, Assistant Missionary. 
 
 V. MISSION AMONG THE CHEROKEES OF THE ARK.\NSAW. 
 
 Commenced in 1820. There is only the station of 
 
 DwiRHT. — On the west side of Illinois creek; 4 miles north of the Arkansaw 
 liver; 200 miles from the Arkansaw Fost; and 500 up the Arkansaw, following 
 the course of the river. 
 
 Rev. Alfred Finney and Rev. Cephas Washburn, jVmiO!ifln«; and Messrs. Jacob Hitchcock 
 and James Orr, Assistant Misiionarics. 
 
 VI. MISSION AT THE SANDWICH ISL.\NDS. 
 
 Established in April, 1820. It has two stations; — Hanaronrah, and Wymai. 
 
 IIaxatiootiaii — On the island of Woahoo. 
 
 Rev. Hiram Bingham and Rev. Asa Thurston, Missionaries; Messrs. Daniel Cliimberli'.in 
 and Elisha Loomis, Assistant Missionaries; and Thomas Hopoo and Jolui Honooree. Native 
 Assistants. 
 
 Wtmat On the island of Atooi. 
 
 Messrs. Samuel Whitney and Samuel Ruggles, Assistant Missionaries; and George Sandisicli, 
 S'ative Assistant. 
 
 VH. MISSION TO PALESTINE. 
 
 The first missionaries arrived at Smyrna in January, 1820. 
 
 Rev. Pliny Fisk and Rev. Daniel Temple, Missionaries. 
 
 Most of tlie foregoing missionaries, and assistant missionaries, have wives. At several statiopi 
 tntong the Indians, there are uinaarried females, laboring as leachei-s and domestic helpers. 
 

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