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Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive 
 in 2010 with funding from 
 Tine Library of Congress 
 
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 http://www.arcliive.org/details/illustratedsouveOOpliil 
 

 
 
 
 ! I 
 
 i r 
 
 Souveniv History 
 
-^ \' 
 
 ^ s 
 
 Illustrated Souvenir 
 
 History 
 
 OF 
 
 PHILIPSBURG 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA 
 
 Part I. — History of Philipsburg, by the 
 late S. B. Row, Copyrighted by Agnes 
 E. Row. 
 
 Part II.— Philipsburg from 1904 to 1909, 
 Compiled by C. U. Hofier. 
 
 Part III. — Philipsburg illustrated. 
 
 Printed, Engraved and 
 Published by 
 
 GRIT PUBLISHING COMPANY 
 
 WILLIAMSPORT, PENNA. 
 
 Under the Auspices of the HISTORICAL COMMITTEE OF THE OLD 
 
 HOME WEEK ASSOCIATION 
 
 Copyrieht, 1909, by Grit Publishine Co. 
 

History of Philipsburg 
 
 FROM PIONEER DAYS TO PRESENT TIME 
 
 Names of Founders and First Settlers. Early Indus- 
 tries, including the First Screw Mill in the United 
 States, and first Attempt to Build a Railroad Across 
 the Allegheny Mountain. C Facts about the Organi- 
 zation of the Borough, Schools, Saw Mills, Mines, and 
 other interesting information never before published. 
 
 By S. B. ROW 
 
 *CopyriBht, 1909. by Agrnes E. Row 
 
Philipsburg in 1813 
 
 ■■'. -^ D to ^ 
 
 1/1 r 
 
 Copy of Map Made by Geo. Schultz 
 
GUIDE FOR MAP 
 
 On Preceding Page 
 
 1. Schultz's house, first in town, built 1707. 
 
 2. Simler's first house, built in 1797. Sold to and occupied by Loraine iu 1813. 
 
 3. Ries' house, afterwards moved to No. — . 
 
 4. B\' John Weld, and occupied by him. 
 
 5. Turner's house. 
 
 6. Joseph Earth's house, not finished. 
 
 7. Schillo's house, occupied by Clinton's in 1813. 
 
 8. Doctor Leopoldt's house. 
 
 9. Jacob Meyers' house, occupied by Weis in 1813. 
 
 10. Dr. Bergman's house, occupied by Jacob Hoover. 
 
 11. Henry and James Philips' house, occupied by Hardman Philips in 1818. 
 
 12. Simler's second house, built in 1813. 
 
 13. McAuley's house. 
 
 14. Klumbach'? house. 
 
 15. Weis' cabin. 
 
 16. Rigley's house, occupied by his son-in-law, Isaac Goon, in 1813. 
 
 17. Rigley's bam. 
 
 X. Soldiers' Encampment in 1818. 
 
EXPLANATORY 
 
 N the summer of 1898, an "Historical Sketch of Philipsburg," which I had 
 previously prepared from rather scant data for "Notes and Queries," was 
 republished in one of the local newspapers. Since then, from hitherto un- 
 explored sources, much interesting information on the subject generally, 
 but more especially concerning the commencement of the town, has been 
 collected little by little, as the herbalist gathers his simples, and incorporated 
 with the original narrative which, however, forms only about one-fourth 
 of the following history, the greater portion of it being constructed of 
 material never before used in any work relative to this locality. A well-pre- 
 served day-book and ledger of the Philips' stores for the years 1797, 1798 
 and 1799, kindly furnished by Mr. John D. Gill, have supplied dates, facts 
 and names that were partially or wholly lacking, and have likewise thrown 
 
 a great deal of light on the manners, customs and occupations of the pioneers as well as on 
 
 the way in which the work of improvement was carried on. 
 
 In the chapters on saw-mills, lumber and coal, incidents not occurring in this imme- 
 diate vicinity are referred to because they are essential to a full and correct understanding 
 of matters having a direct bearing on enterprises with which citizens of Philipsburg had been 
 closely identified. It is for this reason that the unfortunate collisions growing out of the in- 
 troduction of log-floating are mentioned, and the recital of circumstances connected with 
 some of the events will give people of the present day a fair conception of the bitter feeling 
 that actuated the contending parties, but which died out years ago and is now nearly for- 
 gotten. 
 
 A full list of Burgesses and members of the Town Council; from the organization of 
 the Borough until the present time, will be found in the part devoted to that subject. The names 
 of citizens who composed the several Boards of Education, from 1887 till 1903 inclusive, are 
 also given, but it is regretted, for the reason set forth in the article on schools, that a complete list 
 of former Directors could not be procured. It should be kept in mind, too, that what is 
 said about the Coal Industry represents the condition of the business from the start in 1861 
 to the close of the year 1903, and while some changes have more recently taken place, the 
 writer feels confident that on this, as on every other subject, all essential statements for the 
 period they cover, are correct and reliable. With the assurance that he has confined himself 
 to well-authenticated facts and endeavored to present them in a plain, perspicuous manner, 
 he hopes the intelligent reader will not only be interested in the perusal of the subjoined 
 pages, but will also realize the wonderful transformation this region has undergone in its 
 general appearance during the hundred and odd years which have elapsed since Mr. Henry 
 Philips selected a site for the town still bearing his family name. 
 
 To my good friends, Christopher C. and Frederick W. A. Schultz, I am indebted for 
 numerous courtesies, especially for the privilege of gleaning from the manuscript of their 
 father, George Schultz, deceased, information and reminiscences that could not have been 
 obtained from any other source. My thanks are also due several other persons for kindly 
 furnishing me some quite useful data. 
 
 S. B. ROW. 
 
 Philipsburg, Centre Co., Pa., 1903. 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 PART I. 
 
 Purchase of Lands — Selection of Town Site — Work 
 of Improvement, Etc. 
 
 N the extreme western 
 border of Center County, 
 where a stream with an 
 aboriginal name forms 
 the line that separates it 
 from that of Clearfield, 
 snugly nestles the town 
 of Philipsburg. It is in 
 a limited sense an old 
 place, for its inception 
 dates back more than a 
 century of time, and 
 some of the leading 
 events in its history are 
 neither ordinary nor un- 
 interesting. 
 
 In the years 1795-6, Henry Philips a mem- 
 ber of the firm of John Leigh Philips & 
 Brothers, of Manchester, England, purchased 
 on account of his house, from Robert Morris, 
 Chancellor Wharton, Thos. Billington and 
 others, for the sum of $173,000, a large tract 
 of unimproved lands, on the western slope 
 of the Allegheny mountain, covering parts of 
 the present counties of Center, Clearfield and 
 Cambria. The region was then a dense wil- 
 derness, the habitation of bears, wolves, 
 panthers and other wild animals. A few of 
 the Cornplanter tribe of Indians also lingered 
 on their hunting grounds in this vicinity, but 
 being peaceable and inoffensive, readily adapt- 
 ed themselves to the new order of things, 
 and ere many moons had passed away, traded 
 moccasins, raccoon, fox, deer and other skins, 
 for blankets, shawls, handkerchiefs, etc. Their 
 surnames are not given in the account books 
 of the Philips' store, but some of them are 
 designated as "Big John," "Big John's Broth- 
 er," "Little John," "Captain Logan," and one 
 as "Lady Indian." 
 
 The period of the town's settlement has 
 heretofore been involved in doubt, but the 
 day-book and ledger of 1797, 1798 and 1799, 
 mentioned in the Preface, have entries fixing 
 the time somewhat definitely, and clearing 
 up other matters that were obscure or enig- 
 matical. They contain numerous dates and 
 facts which, grouped and considered together, 
 render it certain that Henry Philips, in the 
 summer of 1796, located at the village of 
 Milesburg, which had been laid out three 
 years previously, and from there directed the 
 initiatory affairs of the great enterprise en- 
 trusted to his management. One of his first 
 acts was to start a skillful surveyor, named 
 Trcziyulney (pronounced Tre-yul-ney), with 
 such assistants as were needed, in search of 
 
 a suitable location for a town. This work 
 was performed expeditiously, and the site 
 chosen was on a piece of rising ground on the 
 eastern side of the Moshannon, along the 
 banks of which were stretches of meadow 
 where that ingenious rodent, the beaver, built 
 dams and made his home. For his own con- 
 venience, and as a means of promoting the 
 business he had in hand, Mr. Philips also es- 
 tablished a store at Milesburg, which enabled 
 him to furnish his surveying party, as well as 
 the pioneer settlers of the new town, with pro- 
 visions, groceries and other supplies, and in 
 order to facilitate their delivery, he had them 
 conveyed across the mountain on pack horses 
 kept for that purpose. 
 
 As an inducement to settlers, Mr. Philips 
 offered a town lot, together with a four-acre 
 outlet, to each one of the first twelve men 
 who would come hither with the intention of 
 remaining. Those who availed themselves of 
 this offer were Dr. Konrad Bergman, a native 
 of Upper Saxony; Jacob Dimeling, of Wur- 
 temburg; John George Schultz, from Magde- 
 burg, in Lower Saxony; John Henry Simler, 
 of Saxe-Coburg; Jospeh Barth, of Strasburg, 
 celebrated for its great cathedral ; Christian 
 Ries, of Hesse-Cassel ; Jacob Meyer, Eber- 
 hart Klumbach, John Schillo and John Leo- 
 poldt, also from Germany, but from what par- 
 ticular provinces is not known ; James Mc- 
 Cauley from Scotland, and William Leary 
 from Ireland. 
 
 These men had all braved the dangers of 
 the ocean in emigrating from Europe to Amer- 
 ica, and influenced no doubt by alluring in- 
 ducements, plodded their way into what then 
 was a remote backwood's region, conveying 
 some of their effects on horses and part of 
 them on their own shoulders. After a long 
 and tiresome journey they arrived at their 
 destination, but instead of the sloop masts 
 they had expected to see on a navigable river, 
 they saw only tall pine trees on the banks of 
 a small and crooked stream — in olace of neat 
 and cozy abodes, they found nothing but an 
 unbroken forest in which to seek shelter. Yet 
 in this direct, open contact with nature there 
 was an attractive, exhilarating sensation of 
 freedom never before experienced, and with 
 wild game abundant in the woods and the 
 limpid waters fairly alive with beautiful trout, 
 they had at hand a means of subsistence until 
 ordinary edibles could be obtained. So adapt- 
 ing themselves as best they could to their new 
 environments, they went to work with seem- 
 ingly good will to cut down the giant trees 
 and put up temporary abodes, but eventually 
 tiring of discomforts and deprivations that 
 were unavoidable, they imbibed a feeling of 
 unrest which neither time nor circumstances 
 could allay. 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 Among the names in the old ledger appear 
 those of pioneers to whom lots had been 
 donated. Eberhart Klumbach and John Leo- 
 poldt, who probably did carpenter work, pur- 
 chased four planes and a "keyhole saw" on the 
 20th of April, 1797. James McCauley is 
 charged on the 27th of the same month with 
 1 lb. coffee, 2 lbs. sugar, and at other times 
 with shad, cheese, 1 shawl, muslin, stockings 
 and 1 quart of whiskey. John Henry Simler 
 is debited on May 7th to shad, coffee, files, 
 etc., and on May 11th Konrad Bergman bought 
 coffee and sugar. John Schillo and Wm. 
 Leary were each charged, on July 5th, with 
 3 half pints rum. On Sept. 4th, John G. 
 Shooltz, as his name is spelled in the ledger, 
 had £6, 18s. 9d. settled through Alexander 
 Mclntire, and on Oct. 31st William Leary got 
 1 pair women's cloth shoes, 2 red-spotted 
 shawls, 1 case of razors and a shaving cup. 
 On Jan. 25th, 1798, Christian Ries is charged 
 $2.47 for "sundries carried to his account at 
 Moshannon." 
 
 While these dates show conclusively that a 
 portion, if not all, of the original dozen of 
 Bettlers were here in the spring of 1797, the 
 day-book of the "Milesborough" store has en- 
 tries making it equally certain that the first of 
 these man had arrived as early as the 7th of 
 February. This day-book also contains item- 
 ized lists of provisions and other articles, with 
 the names of the persons by whom they were 
 "packed to Moshannon," (the suffix "town" 
 not being used in any instance), and this mode 
 of transportation was continued until the store 
 was removed in August, 1798, to the new set- 
 tlement, which at that time already bore the 
 name of "Philipsburg." Meanwhile a two- 
 story building had been put up by Mr. Philips 
 on the southeast corner of Front and Pine 
 streets, where the one owned by S. B. Row 
 now stands. This house he and his younger 
 brother Nathaniel occupied during the time 
 they stayed here, and when it became neces- 
 sary utilized part of it for a store room un- 
 til one was provided elsewhere. After the 
 death of Henry it was occupied by James, 
 and subsequently by Mr. Hardman Philips. 
 
 Only a few items in the book accounts are 
 dated in January, 1797, but in the months of 
 February and March they become more nu- 
 merous. Fourteen commence on the 11th of 
 April, and a larger number on the ensuing 
 four days, among them being those of Philip 
 Antes, Robert Askey, Joseph Green, John Halt, 
 John Holt, George Hoover, Jon. McClure, 
 Col. John Patton, Joseph Pugh, James Wil- 
 liams and Joshua Williams. _ The prices which 
 various kinds of commodities commanded at 
 that time are given in some of these accounts. 
 For example, Joseph Green is charged 47 
 cents a yard for calico, 43 cents a pound for 
 coffee, 25 cents a pound each for sugar, cheese 
 and soap, and on a later date with "4 yards 
 of striped calico, $4.00." William McMuUen 
 paid $2.00 for a half bushel of salt; Alex. 
 McNaughton $3.00 for 100 lbs. of flour ; Chris- 
 topher Erwin 75 cents for three pounds of 
 nails; Mr. Nicholson $1 for half a pound of 
 saltpeter; Robert Moore 75 cents a yard for 
 linen and 18 cents for one nutmeg; Sarah 
 Lewis 80 cents per yard for muslin ; Robert 
 Fleming $1 a yard for "flowered muslin," and 
 
 Mrs. Jane Leathers was charged, on May 20th, 
 with "one pair of white cotton stockings, $1.33." 
 While one kind of tobacco retailed at 3 cents 
 per "yard," another sold at 33, and a better 
 grade at 40 cents a pound. Writing paper 
 cost 40 cents a quire, and "ink-powder" 25 
 cents a "pack." Wheat and rye brought $1 
 and corn 75 cents a bushel, beef 4;X and pork 
 6 cents a pound. Whiskey sold readily at 
 25 cents a quart, "American" segars at 50 
 cents, and "Spanish" at $1 per hundred. Com- 
 mon poultry, it seems, however, was not held 
 in very high esteem, for Martin Hoover was 
 allowed but 17 cents for a "dung-hill cock" 
 delivered on the 23d of May. 
 
 * * ^ :!: 55: * 
 
 A singular item, dated April 5th, 1797, is 
 found in the account of Hugh Goloher, in 
 these words : — "100 American segars, per James 
 the Rover, 0.50." Just what is meant by the 
 appellation of "rover," is not altogether cer- 
 tain. It may be synonymous with that of 
 "wood ranger," an officer appointed in early 
 days by the Courts, in at least some of the 
 counties of Pennsylvania. In England it was 
 formerly the custom for owners of large 
 landed property to have a "wood reeve" — that 
 is a steward or overseer of the woods — who 
 had, with his other duties, to see that the 
 roads were kept free from obstructions, es- 
 pecially from the drooping limbs of trees, watch 
 the deer, recover missing animals, and prevent 
 trespassing. A tolerably well-founded opinion 
 prevails that the Philipses, at the start, had in- 
 tended to establish a manor, patterned after 
 the British model, or like that of Rensselaer- 
 wick on the Hudson in New York, and this 
 they might possibly have effected had the idea 
 not been wholly at variance with our form of 
 government,. But be this as it may, it is not 
 improbable that they deemed it expedient to 
 have a person acting in the capacity of over- 
 seer of their forests in this section of country, 
 and as he would be rambling or wandering 
 around in the performance of his duties, per- 
 haps to prevent the spoliation of timber, the 
 rural populace, discerning in him the habits 
 and characteristics of a "rover," called him by 
 that simple name instead of designating him 
 by the unusual title of "wood reeve" — and as 
 the man was the recognized employee of 
 wealthy landowners, and invested with some 
 authority, he could be safely entrusted with 
 the purchase of the segars, if he did not, in- 
 deed, for reasons satisfactory to Mr. Goloher, 
 become their actual recipient. Another account 
 shows that James McCauley was the man re- 
 ferred to in the item quoted at the beginning 
 of this paragraph. 
 
 ****** 
 
 There are no existing obtainable data by 
 which to determine the exact extent of im- 
 provements made in 1797 — how much land was 
 cleared, what part of their subsistence the 
 settlers raised on it, or the actual number of 
 'log cabins" they erected that year. It is 
 known to a certainty, however, that they suc- 
 ceeded in putting up and rendering habitable 
 several buildings in which they resided that 
 summer and the following winter, and it is 
 reasonable to suppose they had patches of 
 ground where they planted potatoes, turnips 
 and other vegetables which in due season 
 
History of Philipseurg 
 
 "yielded seed after their kind." They must, 
 too, have made considerable headway at clear- 
 ing, for they had two fields ready for buck- 
 wheat when the regular time for sowing that 
 kind of cereal came around in the ensuing 
 spring. Much of what was done subsequently 
 is noted in a time record covering many pages 
 of the old day-book and ledger. It gives the 
 names of persons employed, what kind of 
 work each one was daily performing, and un- 
 der the caption of "general remarks'' has a 
 great deal of information concerning the im- 
 provements that were then being made. It also 
 specifies the number of pack horses, teams, 
 yokes of oxen, and to what use they were put. 
 As some of these memoranda throw a strong 
 side light on the condition of affairs in the 
 new settlement, they will be quoted at appro- 
 priate places in the course of the narrative, but 
 in doing this it will not be practicable in all in- 
 stances to adhere to strict chronological se- 
 quence. 
 
 ****** 
 
 As there is neither traditional nor docu- 
 mentary' evidence to the contrary' it may be 
 taken for granted that the pioneer settlers 
 passed through the first winter without experi- 
 encing any serious want or suffering. In the 
 spring of 1798, as soon as the weather condi- 
 tions would permit, the work of improvement 
 was resumed and vigorously continued during 
 the ensuing summer. While no record of what 
 ^^•as done in the earlier part of the season has 
 been found, the one above alluded to gives 
 many details of the later operations. It states 
 that "Thomas Blood, James Develin, John Leo- 
 poldt and James Ross were "clearing for wheat 
 near the town" on the 20th of August and this 
 work was continued by them, off and on. until 
 completed in the latter part of September. In 
 the meantime they also "built a fence around 
 the small buckwheat field." the seed in which, 
 as well as that in "the big buckwheat field." 
 was sown towards the end of June, probablv 
 on the •27th or "seven sleeper's day," which 
 some of the earK- inhabitants imagined would 
 insure its certain growth.* Again, it is stated 
 in the record that Joshua Skidmore. on the 
 27th of August, "rolled logs in the new wheat- 
 field :" on the succeeding four days was clear- 
 ing for ]\IcDonnel. making fence A\-ith Mc- 
 Caulev. and butchering. During the first eight 
 davs of October. "Ries, the miller." operated 
 the saw mill, located on Coldstream near where 
 the Port Matilda road now crosses it. At a 
 later date he "made a bridge" over its clear, 
 rippling waters. On October 10th. James Ro5?_. 
 with two of the millwrights, was at "a raising" 
 with Robert Anderson: at a "frolick" with 
 Lawrence McDonnel on the 14th: sowing 
 wheat on the 17th and 18th : finished grubbing 
 the turnip field on the 20th. and on the 21st 
 
 •The "Seven Sleepers,*' according to a legend of early 
 Christianity, were seven noble youths of Ephesus. name-i 
 Maximian," Malchus. Jlartinian. Denis. John. Serapion 
 and Constantine. During the time of the persecutions 
 under Decius. emperor ot Rome from 2-19 to 251. they 
 fled to a cavem for refuge, were pursued, discovered and 
 walled in for a cruel death. Tradition has it that they 
 fell into a deep sleep and were miraculously kept in 
 that state until their bodies were found two centuries 
 afterwards, when thev were taken out and exposed to 
 the veneration of the faithful. The church consecrated 
 the 2Tth of Jtine. the date of their incarceration, to 
 their memory, and hence the belief that no harm will 
 befall seed sown on that day. 
 
 was "clearing and burning brush below the 
 field on the JMoshannon." James Develin and 
 James McGlaughlin, on the 17th, were hunt- 
 ing the old horse "Arthur," who had strayed 
 away some time in the previous week. Under 
 the head of "wagons," it is noted that "two 
 wheels were used b\- Drur\-, ^^'eis and Meyer 
 to haul flour" on the latter day, and that Pat 
 Brj'son was employed at "mending wagons" 
 on the three succeeding days. On the 27th, 
 "all the townspeople and settlers" were 
 at the raising of a very large barn on 
 the ground where the Pennsylvania freight 
 house now stands ; James Ross was "thrashing 
 flax a. m." of the 28th, and burning logs 
 around the barn in the afternoon. On Oc- 
 tober 1st, ^McGlaughlin, Ross and Skidmore 
 were "mowing the big buckwheat field," and 
 on the third seven men were husking corn, re- 
 minding one of the husking parties that in 
 times past were common in the agricultural 
 sections of our country. On the 4th and 5th. 
 five millwrights with thirteen assistants, all of 
 whose names are given in the record, were 
 "raising at the mill." The same crew worked 
 at the bam on the 6th. James Develin. who 
 went on the 7th with three yoke of oxen for 
 the millstone to the "half-way house," re- 
 turned with it on the following day. From 
 the 8th to the 11th inclusive, several men 
 were gathering and threshing buckrvvheat. On 
 the loth, James Ross made a "riddle" and on 
 the next daj- commenced "riddling the buck- 
 wheat," a process for cleaning grain that may 
 appear quite novel to a farmer who now uses 
 a power separator for that purpose. Peter 
 Younge, with the Indian and two horses, 
 started on the 12tli for the venison and came 
 home the same evening, but there is nothing 
 to indicate whether the "red man," the skill- 
 ful Peter, or some other "might}' hunter" had 
 killed the deer. Game of this kind was then 
 ver\' plenty, for an entry in the day-book 
 shows that 78 deer skins, together with 2 
 panther. 5 bear and 16 fox pelts, were sent 
 from the store of "Henrj' Philips & Co." to 
 Philadelphia at one time, and mention of the 
 venison incident was doubtless made more for 
 the purpose of accounting for the time of 
 Younge and the two horses than to note the 
 circumstance of a buck or a doe having been 
 shot on this occasion. For probably a similar 
 reason, it is stated that James McCauley. who 
 had been sent on the 29th of November for a 
 couple of bears, which it was said, had been 
 killed in the woods, returned without finding 
 either game or hunter, but as "the Indian 
 came in during the evening with the ne-n-s that 
 he had shot one four miles from here." Nicho- 
 las Gebhart, with two horses, accompanied the 
 Indian on the following day and brought in 
 the bear, which was purchased, as the record 
 has it, at a "price not yet determined." 
 ****** 
 
 The foregoing extracts, culled indiscrimi- 
 nateh- from a large number, show clearly that 
 the affairs of the new community were con- 
 ducted S}'Stematically. It was a busy hive and 
 drones were not tolerated. Not even sex, it 
 seems, secured immunitj- from duty, for fe- 
 males as well as males labored in the fields. 
 On various da}-s. from June 5th to October 
 20th, the wives of Bergman. Brison, Heatley, 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 Klumbach and Weis were hoeing or digeing 
 potatoes, raking hay, hoeing corn; Mrs. Kep- 
 hart and Mrs. Dimeling, who no doubt could 
 wield their sickles dexterously, were helping 
 to reap the rye and fall wheat, and it is likely 
 that others may have "gathered sheaves after 
 the reapers." If the outdoor work at which 
 these good women assisted was not oi a pleas- 
 urable kind, it is probable that by taking part 
 in it they brought more genuine content and 
 happiness to the humble fireside of these 
 sturdy frontiersmen than is now found in 
 some of the palatial dwellings where luxury 
 and ostentation abound. 
 
 ****** 
 
 The founders of the town, like people of 
 the present era, experienced more or less 
 trouble with domestic help, as is evinced by 
 the statement that James Develin, on the 20th 
 of August, was "cooking for the hands, be- 
 cause Mrs. Leathers had been discharged," and 
 ■was "housekeeping" for eight or nine addi- 
 tional days, as well as "attending the crea- 
 tures" — the domestic animals. Occasionally, 
 too, one of the "sterner sex" would do some- 
 thing to cause annoyance. For example, 
 Patrick Kerrighan, a good, all-around worker, 
 was fond of his poteen and once in a while 
 indulged so freely that he would unfit himself 
 fori duty. An occurrence of this kind having 
 taken place near the end of August, he is 
 laconically but quite expressively described as 
 being "idle, alias in liquor" for a period of 
 three days, after which it seems, Patrick re- 
 gained his equilibrium, and during the ensuing 
 fortnight was placidly chopping logs, burning 
 brush, cutting firewood, attending masons, or 
 doing whatsoever else was required of him. 
 
 In tracing out the varied labors performed 
 by Kerrighan the interesting fact is learned 
 that, on the 19th of September, 1798, he com- 
 menced clearing a lot, and on seven subse- 
 quent days he and James Resides were "dig- 
 ging a cellar for the brewery," for which they 
 were to receive "% dol. per yard." The work 
 was continued by Resides alone during the 
 first six days of October, and for it was to be 
 paid "18d. per yard solid." The two men 
 labored in the aggregate twenty days at the 
 cellar excavation, but there is nothing in the 
 book to show that the brewery itself was ever 
 built, and all inquiries have failed to elecit 
 anything satisfactory on the subject. 
 
 ****** 
 
 At the time Henry Philips commenced 
 making improvements on the Moshannon there 
 was no road, worthy of being so called, that 
 led thither from the east side of the moun- 
 tain. As early as 1791 a highway had been 
 projected to run from Reading, through this 
 locality, to Lake Erie, but in consequence of 
 the unfriendly disposition of the Indians it 
 could not be constructed. Gov. Mifflin, realiz- 
 ing the necessity of providing for the general 
 defence of the frontier, and especially for the 
 settlement at PresquTsle, made an effort in 
 1794 to have it located, but it does not ap- 
 pear that anything was accomplished on that 
 occasion. An Act of Assembly, passed on the 
 4th of April, 1796, having authorized the ap- 
 pointment of "three skillful persons to view 
 the ground and estimate the expense of ooen- 
 ing and making a good wagon road from Bald 
 
 Eagle's Nest, or the end of Nittany mountain, 
 to the town of Erie, at Presq'isle," the Gover- 
 nor selected William Irvine, George Wilson 
 and Andrew Ellicott as commissoners to per- 
 form the duties specified therein. The last 
 named having declined to serve, Joseph Elli- 
 cott was appointed in his stead. After this 
 change had been made the commissioners 
 "proceeded with all convenient dispatch to 
 examine the country" at the starting point, 
 but when ready to "take their departure from 
 the Bald Eagle's Nest," Mr. Irvine, as is 
 stated in a subsequent report, "left the other 
 two and returned home." Thereupon George 
 Wilson and Joseph Ellicott continued the work 
 themselves, and during that season surveyed 
 the course of the road for a distance of one 
 hundred and sixteen miles. Just when the 
 mountain part of it was either commenced or 
 finished is not definitely known. It is certain, 
 however, that on the 3d of July, 1799, Samuel 
 Miles and Roger Alden entered into an agree- 
 ment with Governor Mifflin "to open, extend 
 and improve the said road," the wording of 
 which seems to imply that some work on it 
 had already been done. John Fleming, whom 
 Governor McKean commissioned on a later 
 date "to view that part of the State Road 
 which was undertaken to be opened by Col. 
 Samuel Miles," reported on December 16th, 
 1801, that after crossing the Bald Eagle creek 
 at Milesburg, on "a sufficient wooden bridge," 
 it leads up the north side of the stream for 
 a distance of five miles, and is "passable for 
 wagons." From the Bald Eagle creek "to the 
 foot of the mountain, five miles, the road is 
 good excepting that some trees have fallen 
 across it since it was opened. Towards the 
 top it is too steep for carriages." * * "About 
 one mile from the foot of the mountain (west 
 side) is a small run difficult to pass," and 
 near this is a little knoll "not passable for 
 wagons for want of digging." * * "To Phil- 
 ipsburg, from thence, a distance of more than 
 eight miles, the road is good, except some 
 very swampy ground on the east side of what 
 is called Five-Mile rum, and some miry ground 
 on Coldstream, one mile from Philipsburg." 
 * * "Some more work," says the report, "is 
 necessary on the hill west of Five-Mile run; 
 Moshannon creek is not bridged, nor is it 
 fordable in any season at the place where 
 the road crosses it, but there is a fording 
 about a half mile below," and "there is some 
 timber prepared at the place for a bridge," 
 on the same site where Troy bridge is at pres- 
 ent. From thence to the Susquehanna river, 
 over Hogback hill, the Anderson, Stump and 
 Sandy Lick creeks, "to the end of Col. Miles' 
 opening," the most of the road is represented 
 as being "good," and its length is fixed at 
 "seventy-four miles and 86 perches." The sec- 
 tion of Major Alden, from the end of Miles' 
 opening to LeBoeuff, now Waterford, was 
 8V/2 miles long. 
 
 Taking the above statements from Mr. 
 Fleming's report, and considering them in con- 
 nection with the repeated mention of pack 
 horses being sent to Dunlop's, Evans', Tacks', 
 McCormick's or Patton's — that Mr. Curtin 
 rode to Milesburg on frequent occasions, Mr. 
 Drury to Northumberland or into "the settle- 
 ment," Nicholas Kephart with his wife to 
 
 10 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 Penn's Valley, and Mr. Trcziyulney to Phila- 
 delphia — it is evident that four-wheeled ve- 
 hicles could scarcely have been used in travel- 
 ing over the mountain east of Philipsburg dur- 
 ing the years 1796 and 1797. The lack of 
 wagon roads was greatly felt, and the making 
 of a new one was therefore an affair of gen- 
 eral interest Hence the record states that on 
 August 16th, 1799, Andrew Kephart, Robert 
 McCracken, George Gephart, Moses Boggs 
 and Jacob Weis were "assisting the Chinckac- 
 lamoush people in opening a road to get their 
 custom to our mill." At the time to which 
 this refers, August, 1799, there were only a 
 few persons besides Daniel Ogden and his 
 family at the old Indian hamlet of Chinkac- 
 lamoose, which was afterwards chosen as the 
 site for Clearfield town, but as the territory 
 embraced the entire county was then known 
 by that name, it is probable that such persons 
 as were living along the line of the projected 
 road were more especially meant by the term 
 "Chinckaclamoush people" as used in this in- 
 stance. A portion of this old road, it is not 
 amiss to state, w-as utilized in 1820 in the 
 construction of the Philipsburg and Susque- 
 hanna turnpike. 
 
 ****** 
 
 The task of furnishing the new settlement 
 with supplies was not an easy one. This was 
 due largely to the lack of transportation facil- 
 ities. Some goods from the east, as is shown 
 by entries in the old day-book, were forwarded 
 by way of Middletown to Derrstown, now 
 Lewisburg in Union county. From there they 
 were either hauled across the country, or 
 boated up the River and Bald Eagle creek, to 
 Milesburg. In other instances, as will be 
 learned further on, articles were conveyed 
 overland the whole distance from Philadel- 
 phia. From Milesburg, everything had at the 
 start to be carried on pack horses to its des- 
 tination on the west side of the mountain. 
 The first mention of anything connected with 
 this phase of the matter is an item of ex- 
 pense, dated Feb. 7th, 1797, viz:— "9 lbs. of 
 sugar for Moshannon settlers," and another on 
 the 14th of "2 lbs. candles for Moshannon 
 hands," the "hands" evidently being persons 
 who were attached to the surveying party. On 
 March 6th, 9th, 17th, 23d and 27th, coffee, tea, 
 sugar and 304 lbs. of bacon were forwarded to 
 these people. On various days in the months 
 of May, June, July and August, Robert An- 
 derson has credits in the day-book for "pack- 
 ing" considerable quantities of flour, chopped 
 rj'e, bran, salt, groceries, leather, etc., from 
 "Milesborough" to "Philipsborough," and in 
 September, October and November, George 
 Rockey and James Gibson also have credits 
 for conveying more of the same kind of com- 
 modities to the new town. On Jan. 13th. 1798, 
 "four quarters of beef, one hog, 813 lbs. of 
 flour, 155 lbs. of corn meal, four sides of 
 leather, one set of shoemaker's tools," and on 
 March 1st, flour, chopped rye, "one barrel of 
 nails, two axes, one bake-oven" and other ar- 
 ticles were hauled over on "sleds." Accord- 
 ing to the time record, James McCauley. on 
 the 15th of February "arrived from Bald 
 Eagle with two loads, (also on sleds"), one 
 drawn by the old yoke and the other by the 
 late bought yoke, bringing 16 bushels of oats. 
 
 8 bushels of corn, 7 bushels of timothy seed, 
 and 3 bushels of flax-seed." On Oct. 2d, 
 Thomas Blood brought in 3 bags of salt on 
 three horses, and on the 16th of September 
 James McGlaughlin came in with a quantity 
 of "flour and 3 bushels of wheat from Mc- 
 Cormick's, and 2 kegs of whiskey from 
 Jack's." On the 25th, "three horses arrived 
 with 381 lbs. of flour from McCormick's," and 
 John Leopoldt, who had gone away two days 
 previously, returned on the 28th, with "95 lbs. 
 of coffee, 240 lbs. sugar, 39 lbs. tobacco. 1 can 
 of snuff, and one piece of sheeting, from Pat- 
 ton's." James McGlaughlin, on the same day, 
 brought in, on pack horses, "12 bushels of 
 wheat, and 484 lbs. of flour— toll taken, 1 
 bushel." 
 
 These details, which could have been ex- 
 tended over several additional pages, show 
 more clearly than wordy description the great 
 amount of care and attention that must have 
 been required to keep up necessary supplies, 
 and superintend their transportation over the 
 rugged Alleghenies. But even the closest over- 
 sight did not always prevent things from go- 
 ing wrong. One instance of this kind is spe- 
 cially mentioned. A load of goods had been 
 "sent by Mr. Henry Philips in Mr. McKin- 
 nty's ■ wagon from Philadelphia to Bellefonte, 
 and from there brought by his own team to 
 Philipsburg," where they were delivered on 
 the 27th of December, 1799. The invoice 
 showed that a keg of powder was missing al- 
 together, while a 5-gallon keg of Sherry was 
 found by measurement to have but 2 gallons 
 and a pint in it, and a Cognac keg of the 
 same size only 154 gallons. After ascertain- 
 ing these facts and giving a detailed list of 
 all goods received the bookkeeper added this 
 explanatory postscript: — "N. B. The brandy 
 and wine more than half gone on account of 
 leaking — one keg of powder lost by Mr. Mc- 
 Kinney's carter." Whatever may have become 
 of the powder, the responsibility for its dis- 
 appearance was fixed positively on the "car- 
 ter" in whose care it had been forwarded. As 
 the cause of shortage in the wine and brandy 
 could not be definitely determined, it was at- 
 tributed, probably with a mental reservation, 
 to the process of "leaking;" but when it_ is 
 remembered that these articles were_ being 
 conveyed over a long, lonesome mountain road 
 during Christmas-tide, and that they were a 
 tempting means for indulging in a quiet cele- 
 bration of the season, as well as for counter- 
 acting the effects of the cold wintry weather, 
 it is believed the extraordinary shrinkage of 
 liquids on this occasion could be accounted for 
 in a quite different way from the one sug- 
 gested by the clerk. 
 
 A matter of much interest to the whole 
 community is thus mentioned under date of 
 Nov. 15th, 1798:— 
 
 "The grist mill is finished except the bolt- 
 ing gears, which have been postponed until 
 spring, as the bolting cloth could not be pro- 
 cured. In the afternoon seven bushels of 
 grain have been chopped, to our very great 
 satisfaction, and Mr. McKinney (the mill- 
 wright) promises to return in the spring." 
 
 11 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 As the weather during the greater part of 
 December was "snowy and severe," the gates 
 of both the grist and saw mills were frozen 
 fast. Men were put to work to remove the 
 icy fetters. After laboring several days, aided 
 by "fine, warm sunshine" on the 27th, and 
 rain on the 28th, the saw mill gate was "with 
 great difficulty" raised on the 29th. However, 
 in January, with the temperature on the 4th, 
 5th and 6th ranging from 1 to 14 degrees "be- 
 low extreme cold," it froze down again, but 
 on the 11th "the mill gates were both raised.' 
 This was followed by a serious mishap on the 
 20th, when "the race broke," and it can be 
 imagined that the repairing of it in midwinter 
 was not easily effected. 
 
 From twelve to fifteen horses and at least 
 three yoke of oxen were kept here after the 
 first year to carry on the various operations 
 of the new settlement. Several cows were 
 also required to supply milk and butter for 
 the table and for culinary purposes. These 
 animals being occasionally subjected to acci- 
 dents, or the ills which equine and bovine 
 flesh is heir to. more or less horse and cattle 
 dealing had of necessity to be resorted to, 
 and a considerable part of it appears to have 
 been entrusted to Mr. Roland Curtin. Several 
 transactions of this kind are noted in the ac- 
 count books. On April 19th, 1798, Richard 
 Clark is charged $24 for "one cow and one 
 calf bought of Mr. Curtin," with the stipula- 
 tion that "the cow and calf belong to the 
 Company until paid for — if not, a reasonable 
 allowance is to be made for the time she is 
 in use." On January 25th, 1799, "Mr. C. sold 
 the sorrel mare to J. McCord for a fat steer 
 and 40 bushels of corn." At another time 
 he procured "a yoke of steers from Nat. Simp- 
 son, for 14 cwt. of iron to be given by John 
 Dunlop." On Feb. 4th, "the gray mare re- 
 turned by James Ross is sold by R. C. to 
 J. McCIanahan for six milk cows to be de- 
 livered before the 15th of April next;" and 
 on the 5th, "Mr. C. sold the black horse to 
 Andrew Boggs for 110 dollars if he will thrive 
 within two weeks after he is delivered." It 
 is evident from these specifically defined con- 
 ditions that Mr. Curtin knew how to drive an 
 advantageous bargain, and his careful atten- 
 tion to details was of itself sufficient to con- 
 vince Mr. Philips that this part of his busi- 
 ness was being properly looked after. 
 
 In pioneer days the inhabitants of re- 
 mote settlements, who had no civil officers in 
 their midst, were impelled by self-interest to 
 preserve order and protect each other. Un- 
 der such conditions, although well inclined in 
 a general way, it is not surprising- that they 
 should entertain rather primitive notions as 
 to the circumstances under which the laws of 
 the land ought to be respected. If a proceed- 
 ing of itself seemed right to them, as when 
 Andrew Boggs, the assessor, on the 7th of 
 January, "came to estimate the value of the 
 houses, they afforded the officer every reason- 
 able facility to properly perform his duty. 
 If, on the other hand, they considered a pre- 
 cept wrong or oppressive, a different course 
 was pursued. An instance of the last kind 
 
 having taken place on the 14th of February, 
 is thus briefly but significantly noted : — "Gray 
 and Heakly, constables, came out with sundry 
 summons and executions. They returned next 
 morning without being permitted to levy." 
 There is nothing to indicate by what particu- 
 lar means the levying on this occasion was 
 prevented, but it may be inferred that a dem- 
 onstration of such a character was made as 
 deterred the officers from attempting to carry 
 out the object of their visit. Whatever this 
 may have been, the solution after all has to 
 be left to the imagination of the reader, who 
 may possibly conclude that the interested par- 
 ties here baffled the constables in the same 
 manner that mountaineers formerly got rid 
 of troublesome bailiffs in Connemara, "vi et 
 armis" — by force and shillalahs, as the phrase 
 may, not quite literally, be interpreted. 
 
 The land hereabouts, as is well known, was 
 thickly covered with timber. To clear and 
 get it into tillable condition, was a laborious 
 process. While the work was unavoidably 
 wearisome, it was at the same time desirable 
 to expedite it as speedily as possible. In 
 doing this, some waste was to be expected, 
 but from the frequent reference to "burning," 
 as well as to rolling and hauling logs, it is 
 probable that a considerable quantity of good 
 timber was needlessly sacrificed, in this way. 
 The memorandum of an agreement bearing 
 on this subject, also discloses in its main fea- 
 tures a tendency of the same kind. It sets 
 forth that "William Drury took a job of dead- 
 ening the trees, and cutting down the maples 
 under 12 inches, in Ross' clearing, for £10 
 per acre and find himself; — he is likewise to 
 cut down the hickory fit for fencing." It does 
 not specify how the deadened trees and pros- 
 trated maples were to be disposed of, but it 
 is not unlikely that sooner or later they would 
 be burned as the readiest way of getting rid 
 of them. But whether this was so or not, it 
 is doubtful if any person in this day and gen- 
 eration would think of using young hickory 
 for the purpose mentioned in the concluding 
 stipulation of the agreement. 
 
 High winds now and then also played havoc 
 with trees, as' well as with other property. 
 One severe storm which passed over the set- 
 tlement on the 15th of August, 1799, is de- 
 .scribed as doing so much damage that "all 
 the fields must be cleared up from brush and 
 branches of fallen timber before they can be 
 ploughed again." This was probably the same 
 'storm that blew a tree across and crushed 
 in the roof of Mr. Schultz's building, an in- 
 cident which is noted elsewhere. 
 
 There is a gap in the record from Febru- 
 ary 16th to June 3d, 1799. On the last named 
 day, John Irwin "sent in 123 lbs. of bacon at 
 8 cts," and about that time the saw mill was 
 again put in operation, with Chas. Wilson 
 attending it. On the same day the book- 
 keeper, as he sententiously expresses it, was 
 
 "At a raising of the barn plates. ^ The rest 
 of the townspeople were at the frolick. One 
 gallon of whiskey spent. Weather fine." 
 
 12 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 The word "frolick," as here used, does not 
 signify a spree, in the ordinary sense of the 
 term, but applies to the gathering of per- 
 sons who w'ere attending the barn raising, the 
 bustle and merriment of which may have been 
 somewhat intensified by the liberal supply of 
 the "ardent" furnished on this occasion. So, 
 too, when it is stated that Nathaniel Leopoldt, 
 Timothy Carrol, John Coulter and Moses 
 Boggs were at a "frolick" with McDonnel, 
 or that three of the millwrights "were at 
 Simler's frolick," it doubtless signifies that 
 these men had taken part in a log-rolling or 
 raising "bee," as events of this kind are called 
 in some sections of the country. This view 
 of the matter is strengthened by the fact that 
 Patrick Kerrighan, the jovial son of Erin, was 
 at "a dance with Boggs" on the 22d and 23d 
 days of August, a circumstance that would 
 not have been thus distinctly described had 
 it also been considered a "frolick." 
 
 The bookeeper, whose name has not been 
 ascertained, was not only a close observer, 
 but had prejudices and partialities which he 
 permitted to crop out occasionally while in 
 the discharge of his regular duties. He en- 
 tertained feelings of aversion, it would seem, 
 to colored people, for in the index, and also 
 at the head of an account, he designates Jacob 
 
 George as "a d d nigger." If it was only 
 
 the dark color of the skin that impelled him 
 to thus stigmatize this man, it evinces an un- 
 usual degree of race hatred. If there was 
 some other reason for it, the account book 
 was not a proper place to display it. It is 
 not impossible, however, that the object of 
 his particular dislike may have been a certain 
 "negro Jacob" who pleaded guilty to two in- 
 dictments for larceny at a Court of Quarter 
 Sessions held at Bellefonte in August. 1801, 
 and lyas sentenced to sixty days' imprison- 
 ment in the county jail, together with a nomi- 
 nal fine and costs of prosecution. Even if 
 that was the case, and the man was notori- 
 ously disreputable, it did not justify the ac- 
 countant in using on the pages of his ledger 
 a derisive term that is as legible now as it 
 was when written over a hundred years ago. 
 Still the incident has its use, for it serves to 
 draw attention to a racial prejudice which 
 has in more recent years manifested itself too 
 often in various parts of our great country, 
 whose charter of liberty holds that "all men 
 are _ created equal," and where an exalted 
 Christianity and advanced civilization are sup- 
 posed to restrain intolerance and animosity on 
 the part of its citizens. 
 
 The work of reclaiming and improving the 
 "beaver meadows" received early attention. 
 While the exact dates are not given, memo- 
 randa in the record show that in the summer 
 of 1798, Eberhart Klumbach, "undertook a 
 job of grubbing and burning 8 acres at £3 
 per acre;" Jacob Weis took "eight acres at 60 
 shillings per acre ;" and William Drury "from 
 five to six acres adjoining the fence of the tur- 
 nip patch, at 60 shillings per acre" — each man to 
 find himself and deliver 100 rails for every acre 
 cleared." This "turnip patch" extended along 
 the edge of the woods on the western side 
 
 of the "meadows," and it is a fair inference 
 that the ground for it had been ploughed, and 
 the seeding done at the usual time, in the 
 preceding spring. Later on in that year, other 
 persons were employed in cutting down bushes, 
 or "sculping" as it is called in the time-record, 
 and James Ross, Thomas Blood, Timothy 
 Carrol, James Develin,, James McGlaughin and 
 Moses Boggs are named as being engaged in 
 this capacity on the Uth of September. In 
 the ensuing summer, 1799, the work of put- 
 ting this marshy bottom into an available con- 
 dition, was resumed. On the 4th of June, 
 Andrew Gebhart was "hauling rails;" on the 
 10th, 11th and 12th, he and Nicholas Gebhart 
 were "making fences," and Robert Healthy 
 was domg some "grubbing;" on the 28th and 
 29th, Pat. Kerrighan and James McCauley 
 were constructing "brush fences," and on the 
 first three days of July, Jacob Weis. accord- 
 ing to the books from which the various items 
 of information concerning these improvements 
 have been culled, was "breaking up new land 
 in the beaver meadows, with Andrew." On 
 August 21st and 22d, Jacob Meyer "cradled 
 oats in the bottom," which must have been 
 sown early in the season, for that is usually 
 done as soon as the ground can be worked ; 
 and from_ the 22d to the 28th inclusive. Kerrig- 
 han, besides digging trenches, was "making 
 brush fences," one of them on the last day 
 specified, "around the new buckwheat field, 
 in the beaver dam." These extracts prove 
 conclusively that the wide stretch of low land 
 on the western side of the Moshannon. with 
 its fenced fields of grain and vegetables, was 
 much better utilized a century ago than any 
 one would infer from its present neglected ap- 
 pearance. 
 
 The foregoing, selected from hundreds of 
 items in the time record, are presented for 
 the purpose of imparting to the reader a cor- 
 rect idea of the labors and characteristics of 
 the pioneers, as well as the kind and extent of 
 the improvements made — of showing that the 
 Philipses began the development of their 
 property in the beginning of 1797, if not al- 
 ready in the previous year — that a saw mill 
 was put in operation in the summer, and a 
 grist mill in the fall of 1798; and that more 
 people than has heretofore been supposed 
 were in this locality during the years specified, 
 for, in addition to the names already given, 
 there are among the emploirees those of Sam- 
 uel Beatty, Jonathan Coulter, John Hutton, 
 Fred. Kaucher, John Potter, James Pugh, 
 George Rockey and Jacob Wachob. 
 
 It should be kept in mind that all the oc- 
 currences thus far related took place during 
 the first three years of the town's existence, 
 ending with the one about Pat. Kerrighan 
 "making a brush fence around the new buck- 
 wheat field in the beaver dam" on the 28th 
 of August, 1799. It was after this date, prola- 
 ably in the beginning of December, that Hen- 
 ry Philips, with "Kfe's taper nearly burned 
 out," went east and never came hither again ; 
 but some additional facts about him will be 
 found in the second part of this narrative. 
 
 13 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 PART II. 
 
 Facts About the First Settlers, Industries, 
 Enterprises, Etc. 
 
 A FEELING of dissatisfaction, as has al- 
 ready been intimated, pervaded the 
 population of the new town, and even- 
 tually influenced, with a single ex- 
 ception, the course of all the original set- 
 tlers. Joseph Barth was the first of the 
 pioneers to leave the place, and this might 
 have been expected from a man not adapted, 
 either by habits or temperament, to a quiet, 
 backwood's life. During the time of the 
 French revolution, which unsettled the peace 
 of Europe near the end of the last century, 
 he had quit his native city of Strasburg, and 
 accompanied by his sisters Mariana and 
 Rosalie, descended the Rhine, proceeded to 
 Amsterdam in Holland, from thence_ sailed to 
 Philadelphia, and afterwards came with others 
 to the new settlement, of which they had 
 heard flattering accounts. Rosalie Barth mar- 
 ried Jacob Dimeling. They had one child, 
 which was also named Jacob, and the latter 
 in turn became the father of the present Jacob 
 Dimeling, of Blue Ball. Several months after 
 the birth of their baby, the elder Dimeling 
 returned to Philadelphia to settle_ up some 
 business affairs in that city. While on the 
 way back he was taken dangerously ill, and 
 stopped at Pottsgrove, Northumberland coun- 
 ty. His wife was sent for and arrived barely 
 in time to see him die. So she returned a 
 widow. Jacob Meyer, who had married her 
 sister Mariana Barth, removed to Centre Fur- 
 nace, east of the Allegheny mountain, on the 
 28th of October, 1798. William Leary and 
 James McCauley left later on, but it is not 
 known whither either of them went. Dr. 
 Konrad Bergman had meanwhile sought a 
 location more congenial to his tastes in Hunt- 
 ingdon county, where he "lived long and pros- 
 pered." He had a son who afterwards be- 
 came a prominent physician. Christian Ries 
 removed to Elder's Mill, and when Simler, as 
 will appear further on, left the town, the 
 pioneers were all gone but Schultz. He was 
 the only one who remained here until the 
 day of his death. 
 
 The first "house" in the town, a typical 
 "log cabin," was put up by Mr. Schultz on 
 the south-east corner of Presqueisle and Sec- 
 ond streets, where Geo. Naugle formerly had 
 a jewelry store and Russell Bigelow has his 
 marble and granite works at present. John 
 Henry Simler had at the same time com- 
 menced another on the corner of Front and 
 Laurel streets, on the lot now occupied by 
 Mrs. Pierce's fine residence, but being con- 
 structed of hewed logs more time was re- 
 quired to build and complete it. The circum- 
 stances under which Simler left the German 
 "Vaterland" are to some extent conjectural, 
 but as he was an expert at making ladies' 
 footgear, and had a recommendation to that 
 effect in French, he probably hoped to earn 
 better wages on the western side of the bor- 
 der. To what extent he succeeded is also a 
 matter of inference, but the subsequent and 
 more eventful part of his career is perspicu- 
 ously epitomized in an obituary notice pub- 
 
 lished in the "Philadelphia Saturday Bulletin" 
 of Oct. 24th, 1829. It is there stated that 
 "in the year 1780, Simler enlisted in France 
 as a private, and served in Captain Barth's 
 corps of the First Troop of Light Dragoons, 
 under the command of Col. Armand. He ar- 
 rived in Boston and proceeded with his troop 
 to Yorktown, Virginia, at which memorable 
 siege he was present, and assisted in its cap- 
 ture by the united forces of America and 
 France, Oct. 19th, 1781. He was wounded in 
 the forehead and eye by a saber and retained 
 the scar as long as he lived. He remained 
 in the service until regularly discharged at 
 Philadelphia, although the greater part of the 
 troop was discharged, immediately after the 
 surrender, at Yorktown. On the termination 
 of the war he married and settled in Phila- 
 delphia, where he remained about fifteen years. 
 In 1793 he lost his wife by yellow fever. He 
 then married a second time, and in 1797 re- 
 moved to Philipsburg, Centre countv, a per- 
 fect wilderness at that time. He resided there 
 until he lost his second wife in the year 1822. 
 In 1825 he again removed to Philadelphia, 
 with his only son, where he lived until his 
 death, about ten days ago." The newspaper 
 from which this notice was copied, although 
 seventy odd years have elapsed since it was 
 printed, is in an excellent state of preserva- 
 tion. It is in the possession of George B. 
 Simler, Sr., a grandson of the plucky revolu- 
 tionary hero, and one of our most reputable 
 citizens, who also retains as an invaluable relic 
 the old saber which his grandsire wrested 
 from the British officer who came so near 
 ending his life but lost his own in the san- 
 guinary encounter. 
 
 John George Schultz, before coming to 
 this country, led an adventurous life. It ap- 
 pears that when Frederick the Great _ suc- 
 ceeded his father, he left in force an edict of 
 "Old Fritz," which declared that_ the second 
 son of every man in the realm, rich or poor, 
 "belonged to the State," and compelled him 
 to enter the service of the King as soon as 
 he was old enough to handle arms properly. 
 It was for this reason that young Schultz had 
 to abandon the paternal shelter and put him- 
 self at the disposal of that illustrious warrior 
 whose fame had spread over the civilized 
 world. Availing himself of a privilege that 
 was extended to all, Schultz chose the life 
 of a sailor rather than that of a soldier, and 
 commenced his career by making voyages to 
 Copenhagen, Stockholm, St. Petersburg and 
 other large cities along the Baltic Coast. He 
 frequently went to London and Liverpool, 
 the West Indies and Philadelphia. He also 
 sailed up the Mediterranean into European, 
 African and Asiatic ports, and on one oc- 
 casion witnessed at night an eruption of Mt. 
 Etna, which he described as a most solendid 
 and magnificent sight. Shortly after the ter- 
 mination of the Revolutionary War in Amer- 
 ica, he "cast anchor" for the last time at 
 Philadelphia, quit the seafaring life, and en- 
 gaged in mercantile pursuits. The restraints 
 of business soon became irksome and this, 
 with the promptings of his roving and_ ven- 
 turesome disposition, probably induced himto 
 make the toilsome journey to a place which 
 he and his companions had been led to be- 
 
 14 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 Heve possessed advantages that would inevit- 
 ably bring ease and plenty. He was no lag- 
 gard, and instead of brooding over the dis- 
 appointrnent which all felt, promptly com- 
 menced improving the lots that were assigned 
 to him. He built, as has already been stated, 
 his "cabin," and cleared a portion of the out- 
 lot. After a while Dimeling died. As time 
 passed on, Schultz evidently considered that 
 it was "not good for man to be alone," and 
 so he made overtures to the young widow and 
 married her. The date of this event has not 
 been learned. John, the eldest son, was born 
 in 1804. Next came George, in 1806 ; Henrv. 
 in 1808, and Frederick, in 1811. The last 
 named died young. 
 
 Schultz, in addition to having erected the 
 first "house" in Philipsburg, enjoyed the dis- 
 tinction of opening the first "tavern," which 
 he did immediately after his marriage. He 
 named it "The Seven Stars"probably after the 
 famous Manchester Inn, still standing a few 
 years ago, but first licensed in 1356, the 
 memorable year in which Edward, the Black 
 Prince, captured King John of France in the 
 battle of Poitiers — and painted a correspond- 
 ing number of astral figures on a sign about 
 two feet square. In the centre of the panel 
 was one large star, and this was surrounded 
 by six smaller ones. There was a wooden 
 bowl on the top, and at the two ends it had 
 turned ornaments that were possibly intended 
 to represent bottles and goblets. As a whole 
 it was a unique and artistic piece of handi- 
 work, the frame of which is yet in the pos- 
 session of his grandsons, Christopher C. and 
 Frederick W. A., who with their sister Sarah, 
 reside on "the old homestead," from which 
 a fine view of Philipsburg and the surround- 
 ing country is obtainable. During the pre- 
 valence of a severe storm that occurred some 
 time after Mr. Schultz had opened his tavern, 
 a large tree was blown across the building, 
 crushing in the roof and doing other damage. 
 This accident, together with the fact that 
 John Henry Simler had started another tavern, 
 influenced him in quitting the business, be- 
 lieving that the town could not surviort more 
 than one public house. An Englishman named 
 Wrigley, who had purchased two squares of 
 lots between Front street and the creek, en- 
 tertained a different opinion on the subject 
 and hence also opened a tavern, (they were 
 not then called hotels), in a large house 
 which he had built on one of his most eligible 
 lots. In 1816, "the year without a summer," so 
 designated because there was ice and frost in 
 every month, Wrigley sold his house with all 
 his other property to Jacob Test and James 
 McGirk, who continued the business, and like- 
 wise erected a tannery on the ground oppo- 
 site Swift & Co.'s large meat establishment. 
 The Hale building, Adam Mayer's house, the 
 Potter block, the Piatt-Barber Co.'s wholesale 
 stores, the P. R. R. passenger station, and the 
 buildings of Hon. C. A. Falkner, Amos Har- 
 per and Robert Hudson were all put up on 
 the Wrigley lots. 
 
 The weather conditions of 1816, referred 
 to above, were extraordinary not only here 
 but everywhere. January was mild for a win- 
 ter month, and so was February, with the ex- 
 ception of a few of the first days. March 
 
 came in with its usual icy winds, but mod- 
 erated somewhat toward its close. April be- 
 gan with sunshiny weather but ended in ice, 
 snow and wintry temperature. In May the 
 frost destroyed all vegetables, ice formed to 
 the thickness of half an inch, and corn was 
 killed in the fields. June was cold, with "ten 
 inches of snow in Vermont, seven inches in 
 Maine, three inches throughout Massachusetts 
 and Central New York, and the mercury sunk 
 below the freezing point even in southern lati- 
 tudes." July came in with frost, and on the 
 glorious Fourth ice covered pools and brooks 
 as far south as Virginia. "The climax came 
 in August, when the ice was thicker than in 
 July, and almost every green thing in this 
 country and Europe was frozen." By the time 
 September was ushered in "people had given 
 up all hope of again seeing the flowers bloom 
 or of hearing the birds sing, and began to 
 prepare for a hard winter." October kept up 
 the reputation of its predecessor, and "there 
 was scarcely a day during the whole month 
 that the thermometer registered higher than 
 30 degrees." November was extremely cold 
 but, strange to say, December was milder than 
 any other month in the whole year, and led 
 many persons to believe the seasons had 
 changed about. Breadstuff's rose to an un- 
 precedented price, and it was almost impos- 
 sible to obtain common vegetables for table 
 use, as what were on hand were being care- 
 fully kept for seed. In the spring of 1817 
 corn for planting was obtained with difficulty 
 at $5 a bushel, and flour sold in the cities 
 at $18 per barrel. These high prices proved 
 more troublesome to the inhabitants of this 
 new section of country than they did to people 
 living nearer the source of supply in the set- 
 tlements east of the mountain. 
 
 The departure at an early date of most 
 of the first settlers must have been somewhat 
 discouraging to the Philipses, and as others 
 were slow in coming to take their places, they 
 offered a town lot, but no outlot, to the next 
 twelve, coupled with the condition that each 
 one who accepted was to build a hewed log 
 house, in a reasonable time, on the donated 
 ground. This proposition did not have the 
 desired effect, for Samuel Turner, it seems, 
 was the only one who availed himself of it. 
 If any others obtained lots on the same terms, 
 their names have not been ascertained. Sev- 
 eral persons, however, secured locations on 
 closely adjacent lands, and the old account 
 books furnish some positive information on 
 the subject. In the time record it is noted 
 that, on August 28th, 1798, Peter Young was 
 "showing the land to Goss and Colbert ;" on 
 the 24th of October following, James Develin 
 and Henry Rockey were "helping Goss (Abra- 
 ham) raise a cabin on his place," and a vear 
 later Nicholas Gebhart was "helping him put 
 up a house." These entries fix definitely the 
 time when the well-known "Goss settlement" 
 was started. The older members of this 
 family have all been "gathered to their people," 
 but their descendants are numerous, and as 
 a rule strongly resemble their progenitors in 
 their physical appearance and mental charac- 
 teristics. The Gosses have naturally rather 
 contented dispositions, but the younger ones 
 
 15 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 have been gradually drifting away from their 
 old homes and a few years ago two or three of 
 them, with their wives and children, became 
 residents of Philipsburg. 
 
 Heretofore it has also been alleged that, in 
 1801, Jacob Weis, a native of Berks county, 
 commenced clearing the land which in more 
 recent years has been called "the old Hawkin's 
 place." The record in the Philips' ledger 
 mentions the fact that John Leopoldt, James 
 McCauley and Peter Younge "were at a rais- 
 ing with Jacob Weis, on his farm," on Mon- 
 day, Oct. 8th, 1798, and also represents James 
 Ross, Samuel McGlaughlin, John Leopoldt and 
 two of the millwrights as being "at a raising 
 with Robert Anderson," on September 30th, 
 1798. These memoranda, made as a matter 
 of business, render it certain that the Goss, 
 Weis and Anderson improvements were be- 
 gun in 1798. Peter Younge, Michael Fitzer 
 and Joseph Earls doubtless commenced theirs 
 in 1801. In 1803, Valentine Flegal purchased 
 from James Philips the land directly oppo- 
 site town now owned by the Steiner heirs, 
 and about the same time John Carothers was 
 clearing a piece at Weis' bridge, afterwards 
 called Benton's, and now Troy bridge. Dur- 
 ing the same year a man named Potter com- 
 menced a clearing a couple miles north of 
 the creek, on the line of the old State road. 
 Potter sold his interest to Nicholas Kline, who 
 afterwards conveyed it to the father of Wil- 
 liam Schimmel. Meanwhile Nicholas Kep- 
 hart, Henry Kephart, David Flegal, Absalom 
 Pearce, John Gearhart, Benjamin Schmeal 
 and Nicholas Schmeal made improvements at 
 different points, not many miles from town. 
 In 1803, Conrad Kyler a weaver from Belle- 
 fonte, settled on the farm which in later years 
 was owned by that kind-hearted man, Ed- 
 ward Perks, Sr. ; and in 1805, Leonard Kyler, 
 the eldest son of Conrad, began clearing the 
 "Hard-Scrabble" property, adjoining that of 
 his father. The latter is part of the land 
 which the Bloomington Coal Company pur- 
 chased in 1899 from the Nuttal estate. 
 
 It is a mistake to suppose that three of 
 the Philips' brothers had their abode here at 
 one and the same time. Henry, as has been 
 demonstrated, came first, and then Nat, as 
 he was familiarly called. There is nothing 
 from which to infer what the latter did, or 
 in what capacity he acted. It does not seem 
 credible, however, that in the midst of stir 
 and toil he had naught else to do than "while 
 away the hours," as if he were on a pleasure 
 outing, or paying his elder brother a fraternal 
 visit. Henry, for his part, never received the 
 credit he deserved. As the representative 
 of the Manchester firm, he not only purchased 
 the lands, looked up the site and had the 
 town located, but, reading between the lines 
 of the time record's almost bewildering details, 
 a few of which are given in preceding pages, 
 it is evident that he was a very busy man, 
 and endowed with such practical abilitv as 
 enabled him to successfully manage the com- 
 plicated affairs of the settlement in the early 
 stages of its development. Overworked and 
 harrassed with care, his physical strength gave 
 way at last and forced him to relinquish the 
 
 multifarious and onerous duties which had 
 fallen to his lot. It is probable that James, 
 who was carrying on an immense importing 
 trade with chartered ships, brigs and sloops, 
 may have made occasional trips from the city 
 to the new town to keep in touch with its 
 progress, and when the impaired health of his 
 brother demanded rest and change of climate, 
 he journeyed hither, near the end of 1799, for 
 the purpose of accompanying him to Philadel- 
 phia, where the latter died in the closing 
 week of 1800. James, who succeeded Henry^ 
 placed his city affairs in charge of other per- 
 sons, and "prosecuted the attempt to settle 
 the estate until 1809," when he also died. It 
 is a matter of regret that so little is known 
 of what these two men had actually to con- 
 tend with while here, but considering the re- 
 moteness of their location and the unusual sur- 
 roundings confronting them constantly, it 
 does not seem as if they felt, like David of 
 old, that "the lines had fallen unto them in 
 pleasarit places." 
 
 During the spring of 1809 Mr. Hardman 
 Philips arrived in the town, which, contrary 
 to the prevailing belief, was from its com- 
 mencement called "Philipsburg," and is so 
 written as early as July 7th, 1797, in the or- 
 iginal day-book from which this date has 
 been copied. The name is used in a number 
 of additional instances in that year, and from 
 August 17th, 1798, the page headings of the 
 day-book all commence with the word "Phil- 
 ipsburg," a fact which leaves no room for 
 doubt on the point in question. By a family 
 arrangement made in 1811, Hardman became 
 the sole owner of the estate in this country 
 and devoted his time and large sums ^ of 
 money towards its development. According 
 to his own statement, he expended on these 
 lands, in various ways, £27,000 sterling, near- 
 ly $135,000 of our money, during the ensuing 
 twenty-five years. In 1817 he built a forge 
 directly below the dam on Cold Stream, which 
 now supplies our citizens with some of the 
 purest water that ever "trickled through 
 crevic'd rock" or flowed from mountain 
 springs. The pig iron used in it was hauled 
 across the Alleghenies in wagons from Julian 
 and other furnaces in the Bald Eagle valley. 
 The business, varying in volume up to 1830. 
 was continued after that time on a reduced 
 scale until the buildirtg was destroyed by fire 
 on the 3d of August. 1836, when it ceased 
 entirely. The same year in which the forge 
 was put up, (1817), Mr. Philips brouoht_ Wil- 
 liam Bagshaw from England and constituted 
 him general manager of his affairs, a position 
 for which he was well qualified and held for 
 many years. He was succeeded by Richard 
 Atherton, who died on April 26th, 1872, in 
 the 63d year of his age. Mrs. Atherton, whose 
 maiden name was Marv Ann Morrow, died 
 April 23d, 1895, aged 80 years. They had 
 three children — Sophie, (Mrs. Elias W.Hale), 
 Austin and Mary. The last two died a few 
 years ago. In 1818, Jacob Ayers, accom- 
 panied by his son Daniel, came here from 
 Reading and bought the land which in later 
 years was called the Shaw farm. William 
 Ayers, J. Blake Ayers, Mrs. Rebecca Nelson, 
 Mrs. Mary E. Ryman and Miss Sophie Ayers, 
 
 16 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 five of Daniel's children, are citizens of the 
 town at the present time. 
 
 ****** 
 
 In the early days of Philipsburg the vil- 
 lagers had few sources of amusement or en- 
 tertainment. Month in and month out they 
 plodded on with little change in their monoton- 
 ous course, toiling constantly but cheerfully, 
 and hopefully looking forward for brighter and 
 better times. It is true that the spring "mus- 
 ter" or training day, with its grotesque walk- 
 ing-stick and corn-stalk drill, afforded them 
 considerable diversion, and if the evolutions 
 of the participants were not in strict accord- 
 ance with the rules of a modern manual, the 
 custom had nevertheless the merit of keeping 
 alive the martial spirit of the male portion 
 of the population. One day, however, in the 
 month of August, 1813, without any intima- 
 tion of what was to happen, the usually peace- 
 ful inhabitants were thrown into a state of 
 high excitement by the arrival of 500 soldiers, 
 who were marching along the old State Road 
 on their way to the northern frontier. Some 
 of the officers were quartered in the houses 
 of citizens, but most of the men were en- 
 camped on an open space covering the square 
 between Presqueisle and Laurel, and North 
 Front and Second streets, where the Foster, 
 Gray, McCausland, Taylor and other build- 
 ings are now located. They remained several 
 days with the expectation of being joined by 
 some additional companies, but as the latter 
 failed to get here as soon as had been antici- 
 pated, they left without them. 
 
 During their stay the soldiers indulged in 
 many wild pranks, and were on the lookout 
 for anything that might afford them "fun." 
 Having learned that several blatant "tories" 
 resided in the neighborhood, they scouted 
 around until they found them, whereupon they 
 threatened to shoot one, to tar and feather 
 another, and impose upon a third some other 
 humiliating punishment. They made one poor 
 wight turn a grindstone on which to sharpen 
 their "tomahawk": and scalping knives," with an 
 intimation that if it was not kept revolving rap- 
 idly they might have to use these weapons on 
 him, and the trembling man continued the tire- 
 some work until he had to quit through sheer 
 exhaustion. They likewise did some foraging 
 in the adjacent fields, using Mr. Schultz's 
 "roasting ears" quite freely, for which Capt. 
 Stem, before departing, paid liberally, but it 
 is doubtful if a couple of the former's neigh- 
 bors, who were averse to this mode of fur- 
 nishing supplies, were treated in the same 
 considerate manner. At a later date other 
 soldiers going to the front came here occa- 
 sionally, and a squad of recruiting officers, on 
 visiting the place, enlisted a dozen or more 
 of men, two of whom joined the command 
 of Commodore Perry on Lake Erie. 
 
 Up to the time these incidents happened the 
 growth of Philipsburg seems to have been 
 rather slow, for the Schultz map on the re- 
 verse side of the title page, which gives the 
 location of the different houses and the ac- 
 companying key the names of their owners or 
 occupants, shows that in 1813 it had only 
 about two dozen buildings of various kinds 
 within the present borough limits, but it will 
 
 not be improper to state that, through the 
 stimulus given by its industrial plants, it be- 
 came a thriving village at the end of that de- 
 cade. Another interesting feature of this map 
 is the "Indian Camp" between the old State 
 Road and the Moshannon, and while there is 
 nothing to indicate who were its occupants, 
 it is likely they were some of the Cornplanter 
 tribe still remaining in this locality. This 
 much can, however, be safely surmised, that 
 no unfriendly Indians would have been per- 
 mitted to rendezvous here as long as hostilities 
 between the Americans and the British were 
 in progress, as they were then, along the Can- 
 adian border and in the Lake region. 
 
 It is an especially noteworthy fact, known 
 to comparatively few persons, that the first 
 Screw mill in the United States was erected 
 in 1821 by Mr. Hardman Philips in this little 
 mountain village, hundreds of miles distant 
 from any of the great marts of the country. 
 The necessary buildings were put up near the 
 Moshannon creek, on a lot now belonging to 
 Brermo Bordereaux, in a suburb of the town 
 that is called Point Lookout, and the foundry 
 and grist mill were subsequently removed from 
 the neighlsorhood of the forge to this locality 
 also. The capacity of the screw factory was 
 1,500 gross per week, but the largest quantity 
 produced during the time it was in operation 
 was 1,000 gross per week, the material for 
 which was prepared from the blooms by roll- 
 ing and wire drawing machinery operated by 
 steam and water power. The nearest and best 
 market was at Pittsburg, and the products of 
 the forge and screw mill had to be hauled at 
 no inconsiderable expense to the waters of the 
 Allegheny River in wagons, and from thence 
 transported in arks to their destination. 
 
 It would be interesting to learn what wages 
 were paid to skilled mechanics during the 
 prosperous days of the screw factory, but 
 nothing bearing directly on that point has 
 been ascertained. The only thing relative to 
 wages are some entries in a day-book kept at 
 the mill, setting forth the sums paid employees 
 a dozen years after it had been started, and 
 at a time when, for reasons that will here- 
 after be mentioned, the business had greatly 
 declined. Among the accounts is one for "work 
 in the months of December, 1833," which, how- 
 ever, does not specify in what capacitv the 
 persons named were acting. It is as follows : 
 
 Wm. McClellan, 
 
 21} days at S20.00 
 
 per mo. 
 
 S16.34 
 
 John Kinnear, 
 
 24 " 
 
 " 1.50 
 
 " day 
 
 36.00 
 
 Dennis McCoy, 
 
 23 " 
 
 " 18.00 
 
 " mo. 
 
 15.92 
 
 Samuel Dale, 
 
 24} " 
 
 " 17.00 
 
 H It 
 
 16.18 
 
 John Flegal, 
 
 21J •• 
 
 " 1.25 
 
 " day 
 
 27.18} 
 
 Samuel Burris, 
 
 24 " 
 
 " 22.00 
 
 " mo. 
 
 20.30 
 
 W. M. Hamer, 
 
 7} " 
 
 .75 
 
 " day 
 
 5.8U 
 
 Wm. Ayres, Jr. 
 
 8} " 
 
 " .75 
 
 ** '* 
 
 6.18} 
 
 Georgre Ayres, 
 
 7J- " 
 
 .75 
 
 " " 
 
 5.81i 
 
 Daniel Ayres, 
 
 17 " 
 
 .75 
 
 " " 
 
 12.75 
 
 Adam Gray, 
 
 26 " 
 
 " 19.00 
 
 " mo. 
 
 19.00 
 
 James Albert 
 
 26 " 
 
 " 17.00 
 
 " *' 
 
 17.00 
 
 A. Albert, Jr., 
 
 26 " 
 
 •• 12.00 
 
 " '* 
 
 12.00 
 
 John Hudson, 
 
 26 " 
 
 " 17.00 
 
 " " 
 
 17.00 
 
 F. Nield, (3 in Nov.) 
 
 29 " 
 
 .31i 
 
 " day 
 
 9.06} 
 
 George Schultz, 
 
 2Ii " 
 
 " .87J 
 
 " " 
 
 18.81} 
 
 Wm. Ayres, Sr., 
 
 5 " 
 
 .75 
 
 " " 
 
 3.75 
 
 17 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 In addition to the improvements already 
 described, Mr. Philips erected a fine mansion, 
 in those days called "Moshannon Hall," oc- 
 cupied in 1813, and for half a dozen years 
 longer by Dr. Dewees, later by himself, and 
 is at present owned by Mrs. Laura Hale Mull 
 and her sister Miss Julia Hale. Subsequently 
 he built the residence of Richard Plumbe, 
 which in more recent years was the property 
 of Mrs. O. P. Jones, but now belongs to Hon. 
 P. E. Womelsdorf; likewise a large and com- 
 modious hotel, and also started an excellent 
 stock farm that embraced the great stretch 
 of "Beaver Meadows" on the west side of 
 the Moshannon, through which wide ditches 
 had in early days been dug for drainage pur- 
 poses. The manager of this farm was John 
 Matley who, in 1823, married Jane Mitchell, 
 the only daughter of John and Isabella Allen 
 Mitchell, of Clearfield county. The Matleys 
 had thirteen children, of whom Allen, How- 
 ard, Mrs. Perks, Mrs. Simler, Mrs. Bor- 
 dereau and Mrs. Ardell are still living. Their 
 descendants, like the seed of the patriarch 
 Abraham, "multiplied exceedingly," so that 
 they can be found not only in this town and 
 neighborhood, but in distant parts of the 
 land. Dr. John Plumbe, who was connected 
 with Mr. Philips in some of his business en- 
 terprises, was sent to England in 1820 and 
 brought hither a number of persons, some of 
 whom were employed in the different works, 
 and others on the stock farm. 
 
 Though a little out of chronological order, 
 it may as well be stated here that at a later 
 date, probably in 1828, Dr. Plumbe built a 
 forge on Six-Mile run, a short distance north 
 of the Philipsburg and Unionville pike, at a 
 point where water was abundant and wood, 
 without hauling, could be run on slides down 
 the face of the steep hills, nearly to the forge 
 itself. _ The pig-iron used in it was procured 
 at Julian, Martha and Hanna furnaces in Bald 
 Eagle valley, and the forged iron was hauled 
 to Alexandria and Petersburg, in Huntingdon 
 county, to be shipped elsewhere on the canal. 
 In 1832 the property was purchased by David 
 Adams, the father of our townsman Oscar 
 Adams. After conducting the business seven 
 years. Mr. Adams sold a half interest to Dr. 
 Ingalls, and for three years longer the forge 
 was run under the management of the new 
 firm. Dr. Plumbe went west in 1834 and lo- 
 cated at Dubuque, Iowa, where, through his 
 own agenc}', it is said, he brought his event- 
 ful life to a lamentable end, in the year 18-57. 
 Among the men who accompanied him from 
 England in 1820, was Thomas Lever, for 
 whom the stone house, since transformed into 
 the Schoonover block, was built. When the 
 screw factory was put in operation, he was 
 made its overseer. He later on married a 
 daughter of John Loraine, Esq., who had been 
 induced to come here from Philadelphia bv 
 another son-in-law, Dr. William P. Dewees. 
 Mr. Loraine had meanwhile purchased the 
 Simler property on Front street and opened 
 in it a general store. As a consequence of 
 this sale, Mr. Simler, in 1813. built another 
 house on the northeast corner of Second and 
 Laurel streets, in more recent years known 
 as the Barr property, but is now owned by W. 
 
 A. H. Streamer, and occupied by Archie B. 
 Thomas as a bakery. 
 
 Dr. Dewees, it appears, had made an in- 
 effectual effort to secure the chair of one of 
 the Professors in the University of Penn- 
 sylvania, which had become vacant during the 
 war period of 1812. Chagrined at his failure, 
 he came to Philipsburg in 1813, and invested 
 largely in the Philips enterprises. He re- 
 mained here six or seven years, during which 
 time he extended his practice to Clearfield, or 
 Oldtown, as it was more generally called in 
 those days. Business affairs did not, how- 
 ever, prosper as he had anticipated, and when 
 his means were exhausted, he disposed of his 
 interest at a sacrifice and returned to Phila- 
 delphia a poor man. Encouraged by Dr. Chap- 
 man, Dr. Physick and other old friends, he 
 soon gained a competency, eventually suc- 
 ceeded in getting the coveted professorship, 
 and through his superior ability and contritju- 
 tions to medical literature, placed himself at 
 the head of his profession in this country. 
 After his departure. Dr. Ingalls, of Half Moon, 
 and physicians from Bellefonte, attended to 
 the ailments of people in this neighborhood 
 until 1822, when Mr. Philips made arrange- 
 ments with Dr. Alex. McLeod, of Philadel- 
 phia, to come here. The latter remained un- 
 til 1830, when he removed to Lewistown. from 
 thence to Pittsburg, and subsequently to Mead- 
 ville. The loss of his wife and most of his 
 children changed the current of his thoughts 
 and induced him to prepare for the ministry. 
 In 1845 he took orders in the Episcopal 
 Church, wended his way to Mississippi and 
 Louisiana, followed his new calling there un- 
 til 1849, when he returned to Pennsylvania, 
 and a few years later became the rector of 
 St. Andrew's church in Clearfield. He was 
 an able and zealous minister, held in the high- 
 est esteem by all who knew him, and died 
 greatly deplored by the community in which 
 he spent his last days. In 1830 Dr. Frederick 
 Horner was engaged by Mr. Philips, but left 
 at the end of two years, when a French doc- 
 tor, named Rodrigue, took his place. His 
 stay was also short, and he was followed, in 
 1834, by Dr. Henry Loraine, who remained un- 
 til 1837. Dr. Loraine was somewhat eccentric, 
 but plain in dress and manners, a skillful, 
 prudent and attentive physician, and when he 
 died at Clearfield on the 8th of March, 1859, 
 left a large estate to be divided among his 
 children. Some of his grandchildren still live 
 in this town. Since his' time there has been 
 no lack of physicians to minister to the sick 
 in this locality, but it would require too much 
 space to make such mention of them as they 
 deserve and ought to receive. 
 
 The completion of the Pennsylvania canal 
 in 1830, nearly destroyed the iron business of 
 Mr. Philips. Up to that date he had been 
 able to compete with the manufacturers of 
 Huntingdon county, and derive some profit 
 from the trade, but once the canal was opened 
 those having works along its line enjoyed 
 such advantages over him that he felt con- 
 strained to abandon distant markets, and make 
 only what iron was needed to supply the 
 screw factory and an inconsiderable local de- 
 
 18 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 mand. This had a depressing effect on his 
 business generally, and doubtless influenced 
 to a greater or less extent all his subsequent 
 movements. 
 
 Hardman Philips was no ordinary man. 
 He was progressive and enterprising. He had 
 ideas greatly in advance of the age at that 
 particular period of time. He contributed 
 largely to the construction of the Philipsburg 
 and Susquehanna turnpike, which was begun 
 in 1820, and formed an important link in the 
 line of communication with Lake Erie. In 
 1826, (the same year in which the 4 miles 
 of railway, the first in the United States, were 
 completed to the granite quarries of Quincy, 
 Massachusetts), Mr. Philips, as he stated in 
 a letter written in 1835 to Hon. Alexander 
 Irvin, then representing Centre, Clearfield and 
 Lycoming counties in the State Senate, had 
 surveys made at his own expense to "deter- 
 mine the practicability of a route for the con- 
 struction of a railroad" from this locality "to 
 the Pennsylvania canal at the mouth of the 
 Little Juniata." Having "discovered highly 
 favorable ground," he applied to the Legisla- 
 ture at an early date for An Act to incor- 
 porate "The Philipsburg and Juniata Railroad 
 Company." After considerable delay, a bill 
 was eventually passed on the 20th of March, 
 1830, six hundred shares of stock were sub- 
 scribed, and most of the instalments paid up. 
 Moncure Robinson, an experienced civil engi- 
 neer, had, meanwhile, located the road, as Mr. 
 Philips expressed it, "in a very superior man- 
 ner." He ran a line from the "Moshannon 
 Mines" at Philipsburg, but for the time be- 
 ing "the point of commencement" was to be 
 at the "Centre Coal Mines," about five miles 
 south of the town. After crossing the sum- 
 mit of the Allegheny, the route went down 
 "Emigh's Gap," in sight of where the Tyrone 
 & Clearfield road was built in later years. 
 Several summers were consumed in perfecting 
 the surveys, so that the engineer did not make 
 a final report until October 23d, 1833. In a 
 printed copy of this document the route is 
 thus described: 
 
 "Commencing at the Coal-Hill mines, at a 
 level ten feet lower than the entrance to the 
 principal drift, it passes on gently sloping 
 ground, and on a level graduation, to the 
 foot of an inclined plane, noted in the plan 
 as No. 2 west, by which it ascends 143 feet 
 and eight-tenths, to a depression in the di- 
 viding ground between the waters of the Cold- 
 stream and the Moshannon. Passing this di- 
 viding ground by a cut of 9^ feet, it is thence 
 traced, on a graduation also level, to the foot 
 of inclined plane No. 1 west, by which it 
 rises 118 feet to the summit level. Passing 
 the summit by a cut 1100 feet long, and 11 
 feet and six-tenths at the apex, it descends by 
 a plane. No. 1 east, 272 feet, into the valley 
 of Emigh's run, along the western slope of 
 which it passes W2 miles, falling 655 feet 
 more, by three inclined planes, and interven- 
 ing grades of from 22 to 24 feet per mile. 
 At the foot of plane No. 4 east, it leaves the 
 valley of Emigh's run, and afterwards passes 
 along the slope of the Bald Eagle valley to 
 near the mouth of Bald Eagle creek. At this 
 place it crosses the Bald Eagle, and is traced 
 
 thence along the valley of the Little Juniata, 
 crossing the stream four times between the 
 mouth of the Bald Eagle and its point of 
 termination near Petersburg. The whole 
 length of Kne traced is twenty-eight miles and 
 1247 feet ; its whole ascent above the coal 
 mines is two hundred and sixty-one feet and 
 seventy-nine one-hundredths ; and its whole 
 descent is thirteen hundred and eighty feet." 
 The crude, elementary manner in which 
 the few short lines of railway then in opera- 
 tion in the United States had been constructed, 
 may be inferred from the following plan pro- 
 posed by the engineer-in-chief for the Philips- 
 burg and Juniata road: 
 
 "Sills of white or post oak, seven feet ten 
 inches long and 12 inches in diameter, flat- 
 tened at bottom to a width of 9 inches, to be 
 laid transverse the road, at a distance of five 
 feet apart from centre to centre. In the 
 notches of these sills, rails of white oak or 
 heart pine, 5 inches wide by 9 inches in depth, 
 to be secured four feet seven inches apart, 
 measured within the rails. On the inner edges 
 of these rails, plates of rolled iron, two inches 
 wide by half an inch thick, resting at their 
 points of junction on plates of sheet-iron, one- 
 twelfth of an inch thick and 4^ inches long, 
 to be spiked with five-inch wrought iron 
 spikes. The inner edge of the wooden rails 
 to be trimmed slightly beveling but flush at 
 the point of contact with the iron rail, and 
 to be adzed down outside the iron to pass 
 off rain water. Between the sills, on the por- 
 tion of the road between plane No. 4 east and 
 the Juniata, and on the inclined planes, to be 
 filled with a packing of broken stones, or 
 other convenient material, to give stability to 
 the structure. * * Such a superstructure would 
 be entirely adequate to the use of locomotive 
 engines of from 15 to 20 horse power, con- 
 structed without surplus weight, or similar 
 to those now in use on the Little Schuylkill 
 road in this State, or the Petersburg, Vir- 
 ginia, railroad." It is evident from these ref- 
 erences that Mr. Philips wanted to adopt the 
 best methods, and have the best motive power 
 then known. 
 
 In his "Description of the Route," the en- 
 gineer makes suggestions which will no doubt 
 appear quite odd to persons at the present 
 time. He says, "the power to be applied to 
 plane No. 1 west, might be a steam engine 
 of twenty horse power which, until the de- 
 mands of trade required its full effect, would 
 be available for sawing timber or other pur- 
 poses. For plane No. 2 west, it is proposed 
 to conduct the water of Coldstream in pipes, 
 one mile and 190 poles, along very favorable 
 ground, to a reservoir at the head of the 
 plane, placed at such an elevation as to ad- 
 mit of filling cisterns, mounted on carriages, 
 carrying from 3 to ^A tons of water — these 
 cisterns to be used as in the ordinary opera- 
 tion of self-acting planes, to lift up trains of 
 loaded cars, and in turn the emnty cisterns 
 to be lifted back to the head of the plane 
 by returning trains, or the occasional use of 
 a loaded cistern." No doubt was entertained 
 of "this expedient realizing, both in efficiency 
 and economy, every expectation entertained 
 in relation to it." The roadway was to be 
 singled tracked except at the inclined planes 
 
 19 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 and for a distance of four hundred feet from 
 the head and foot of each plane, on which 
 two tracks were to be laid. "Under proper 
 regulations, and with transportation effected 
 by the company," it was claimed that "such 
 a work would be entirely adequate to a trade 
 of from 150,000 to 200,000 tons per annum." 
 which was considered quite large at that time, 
 but appears rather small nowadays. 
 
 "The inclined planes" are represented in 
 the report as being "embraced in a distance 
 of less than nine miles from the point of com- 
 mencement, near Philipsburg." The word 
 "near" does not mean "at" or "in" the town, 
 for, as already intimated, the coal mines re- 
 ferred to were at the head of Clover Run, in 
 an easterly direction from Powelton and not 
 far from where "Blasty" Stonebreaker now 
 lives. If any confirmation of this statement 
 were needed it can be found in the fact that 
 the rise from "the entrance of the principal 
 drift" to the summit of the mountain was 
 only 262 feet and the distance to Petersburg 
 but a fraction over 28 miles. Besides this, 
 persons are still living who remember that, 
 through the circumstance of a man named 
 Lack Devine having taken a job of opening 
 the drifts of the mines, the locality became 
 known as "Lack's Hollow." 
 
 The following summary is given as the es- 
 timated cost of constructing the railroad: 
 
 Section 1st, 3 miles and 2,535 feet. . $41,110.05 
 
 " 2nd, 3 " " 93 " . . 31,039.63 
 
 " 3rd, 2 " " 2,187 " . . 29,825.26 
 
 4th, 5 " " 567 " . . 49,328.28 
 
 5th, 2 " " 4,910 " . . 28,726.18 
 
 6th, 5 " " 2,775 " . . 40.443.75 
 
 7th, 5 " " 4,070 " . . 56,820.38 
 
 $227,293.38 
 
 "The above aggregate embraces no item for 
 superintendence or contingencies. This, under 
 ordinary circumstances, would be placed at 
 7 per cent." In section 7 is "a level tunnel, 
 1,300 feet long, through a spur of Tussey 
 mountain," and is referred to Ijy the engineer 
 as the principal item of expense" in that sec- 
 tion. 
 
 In making a forecast of the benefits to be 
 derived from the construction of the projected 
 railway, Mr. Philips stated that bituminous 
 coal had already been used for puddling and 
 air furnaces at Pittsburg and elsewhere — that 
 by an experiment with one-third coke and two- 
 thirds charcoal, made the previous year at 
 Bald Eagle furnace, on the line of the rail- 
 road, pig metal had been produced without its 
 quality being in the least impaired, and he 
 did not doubt that in furnaces then in opera- 
 tion an equal quantity of each might be ad- 
 vantageously used, but it would become in- 
 dispensable to build the furnaces more lofty. 
 On the advantages of using bituminous 
 coal for generating steam, making illuminating 
 gas, and for other purposes, he commented 
 at some length, and drew conclusions that 
 seem almost prophetic when viewed in the 
 light of later experience with soft coal for the 
 purposes indicated in his report, which was 
 printed ^ in the same pamphlet with that of 
 the engineer. 
 
 In 1838, Wm. E. Morris completed another 
 survey for Mr. Philips for a railway "intended 
 to connect the Bald Eagle Navigation with 
 the Coal Field and Pittsburg." The grade 
 is represented as "in no case exceeding 45 
 feet per mile— distance 84 miles from the 
 summit at Emigh's Gap to Milesburg, and 
 overcoming the summit of the Allegheny 
 mountain without an inclined plane." This 
 route and the one for the Philipsburg and 
 Juniata Railroad are outlined on a map in the 
 possession of Mrs. L. H. Mull, showing all 
 the Philips' lands, sold and unsold, in this 
 region, on the date given above. 
 
 At a meeting of the Board of Managers 
 held on the 2d day of December, 1833, Mr. 
 Hardman Philips was elected President of 
 the Company; Messrs. John Norris, David 
 Stewart, John S. Isett, Wm. Bagshaw, John 
 Matley and John Owens were chosen as Man- 
 agers ; and Thomas Henry Potter as Secre- 
 tary and Treasurer. 
 
 Mr. Philips was very much in earnest 
 about the project, but despite all his efforts it 
 did not receive the encouragement it deserved, 
 and he therefore offered to hypothecate to 
 leading capitalists of Philadelphia the profits 
 of his coal mines to guarantee an interest of 
 six per cent, if they would advance the neces- 
 sary funds. This failing, he tried to secure 
 aid from the State, in shape of a guarantee 
 of five per cent, for twenty-four years on 
 $250,000, for the completion of the work, and 
 a bill for this purpose was reported in the 
 Legislature, but never acted on. He then un- 
 dertook to form a stock company, 1,000 shares 
 to be subscribed by citizens of the United 
 States, and the rest to be placed in England. 
 In furtherance of this plan he had an adver- 
 tisement inserted in the London Morning 
 Chronicle on the 18th of September, 1835, giv- 
 ing full particulars and soliciting subscriptions 
 from English investors.* He had meanwhile 
 asked the Legislature for authority to make 
 it a limited partnership, which he re.garded as 
 an essential to success, and expressed thefe?r 
 that without it his career of usefulness would 
 be arrested, the estate in this country retro- 
 grade to its former condition, his manufactur- 
 ing establishments be ruined, many industrious 
 persons thrown out of employment, and the 
 home market for neighboring _ farmers _ de- 
 stroyed. His project, considering the time, 
 was one of great magnitude, and had it been 
 carried into effect, his dream of making Phil- 
 ipsburg a great industrial centre would have 
 become a reality long ago. But the fates were 
 
 •Copy of Mr. Philips' Advertisement. 
 
 "PENNSYLVANIA COAL. LAND AND TIMBER 
 COMPANY, NORTH AMERICA. To be incorporated by 
 the State of Pennsylvania. Capital £135,000. in 6,750 
 shares of £20 each. Deposits £2 per share, to be paid 
 to Messrs. Presscott & Grote, Threadneedle street, or 
 to Messrs. Cocks & Biddulph, Charing-Cross. the bankers 
 of the comnany. 1.625 shares are already subscribed 
 for; 3,125 shares only will be issued to the public at 
 par: the remaining 2.000 shares will be subsequently is- 
 sued at a premium, such premiums to be applied to the 
 benefit of the holders of the 3,125 shares. Application 
 for shares and prospectuses to be made, (if by letter, 
 postpaid.) to Mr. Henry Brookmau, the Secretary. 10 
 Bernes street, Oxford, or to Messrs. Clif & Pisher, 
 solicitors. No. 1 Copthall-court, Throgmorton street, and 
 36 Ely-place, Holborn." 
 
 This "ad" sounds very much like one gotten up to 
 finance a more modern mining project. 
 
 20 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 against him, the railroad was not built, and 
 the sequel will show that his predictions were 
 to some extent correct. 
 
 The different works at Philipsburg had 
 meanwhile been kept in operation. The manu- 
 facture of screws was continued during the 
 years 1835-36, but the burning of the forge 
 in 1836 resulted in a suspension of work in 
 1837. If Mr. Philips had any intention of re- 
 suming, he made no effort to do so for a few 
 years, and then it became infeasible through 
 a circumstance that he could neither foresee 
 nor control. It was this: In 1836, General 
 Thomas W. Harvey, the father of Hayward 
 Augustus Harvey, inventor of the world-re- 
 nowned Harveyized armor plate for war ves- 
 sels, removed to Poughkeepsie, N. Y. A 
 screw manufacturing company was organized 
 there during the same year. The elder Har- 
 vey was one of the incorporators, and_ the 
 plant was based on several of his inventions. 
 These were finally patented in 1846. The pro- 
 duct was the gimlet-pointed screw. The im- 
 proved article, which was probably manufac- 
 tured and placed on the market soon after the 
 patent was "applied for," at once superceded 
 the old blunt end screws, and as Mr._ Harvey 
 would not dispose of even a shopright, no 
 attempt was made to again start the Philips' 
 factory. Mr. Philips had in the meantime 
 concluded to dispose of all of his property in 
 this region, the land alone footing up 73,164 acres 
 and 153 perches on September 1st, 1838, and 
 in 1844 he made an agreement for its sale to 
 Daniel Ullman, a prominent citizen of New 
 York, and Nathaniel Stanley, of Vermont, who 
 furnished the larger part of the money that 
 had to be paid in hand. These gentlemen 
 came to Philipsburg and commenced opera- 
 tions, but meeting with unexpected obstacles 
 and business proving unremunerative, they 
 were forced at the end of two years to annul 
 their agreement. The residue of the estate 
 was afterwards sold to Morgan, Hale & Co., 
 who still hold portions of it, and Mr. Philips 
 returned to England, where he died on the 5th 
 of December, 1854, in the 71st year of his age. 
 
 Some persons incline to the opinion that 
 his departure was attributable to the untimely 
 death of his two young sons on whom he had 
 centered his hopes as the inheritors of his vast 
 property holdings in this section of the country ; 
 but it can more likely be traced to the fact 
 that, regarding himself an English gentleman, 
 and looking upon birth and wealth as of para- 
 mount importance, he could not bring himself 
 to believe that the governing power could be 
 safely placed in the hands of the common 
 people and, in addition to this, ridiculed the 
 idea of ever becoming a citizen of the United 
 States. Holding such views, he took umbrage 
 at James Alport, who came here in 1827 and 
 settled at old Morrisdale in 1828, when the 
 latter announced his intention of being natural- 
 ized, and as a consequence these two positive 
 men — each of whom had enjoyed the advantages 
 of high and refined social life in his native land 
 — severed their friendship and continued bitter 
 personal and political enemies until they met, 
 face to face, at the communion table, a short 
 time before Mr. and Mrs. Philips took fina! 
 leave of the community with which they had 
 
 been identified for so many years. The scene 
 on that occasion is described as being some- 
 what dramatic and quite affecting. Mr. Philips, 
 broken down in health and leaning on the arm 
 of his wife, approached and knelt at the chan- 
 cel. Mr. Alport, whose inferior extremities 
 were paralyzed, was carried forward and 
 placed at his side. They gazed at each other. 
 The fountains of their hearts were broken up. 
 These men of strong will and determined pur- 
 pose became as children. They wept, em- 
 braced, and were reconciled. Mr. Alport had, 
 in 1831, married Miss Matilda Hunter, a 
 daughter of James Hunter, of Centre Furnace. 
 They had seven children, of whom James 
 Cramond, Mrs. Mary A. Berger and Mrs. J. 
 Y. Dale are still living. Mr. Alport died in 
 1854, the same year in which Mr. Philips 
 passed away. Mrs. Alport, who had been af- 
 flicted with lameness for many years but re- 
 tained her mental faculties unimpaired until 
 the last, died on the 2d of February, 1899, at 
 the home of Mr. and Mrs. D. W. Holt, ven- 
 erated and beloved by all who knew her. Her 
 daughter, Mrs. Holt, died March 7th. 1901. 
 
 Incidents, not connected with the regular 
 course of affairs, took place occasionally, one 
 of which characteristic of the persons engaged 
 in it, will bear repetition. Mr. Philips, as the 
 story runs, was anxious to shoot a bear and 
 send part of it to his father in England. So 
 he made it suit one day to meet Thomas Han- 
 cock and Leonard Kyler, both skilled in wood- 
 craft, and have them accompany _ him on a 
 hunting expedition. Kyler had an intense dis- 
 like for the British, but could not think of 
 foregoing an opportunity of taking part in 
 a species of sport of which he was very fond. 
 As fate would have it, he was the first to 
 come across a bear, and promptly shot it. 
 This, under the circumstances, exasperated Mr. 
 Philips so much that he indulged in some 
 threatening remarks. As Kyler exhibited no 
 signs of fear or concern about the matter, it 
 was dropped without parley, and the hunt re- 
 sumed. Another bear was soon tracked and, 
 after an exciting chase, Mr. Philips dispatched 
 it, a result that gratified him very much and 
 likewise restored his good humor. On the 
 way home a pigeon was seen alighting on the 
 top of an unusually tall pine tree, and the 
 question arose as to whether it could be shot 
 on such a high perch. Kyler at once raised 
 his rifle, took deliberate aim, and brought down 
 the bird. Philips, admiring the other's skill, 
 remarked in a jocular vein, "Why, I believe 
 you could hit a man's eye at that distance." 
 "Yes," dryly responded Kyler, who had not 
 forgotten the bear episode, "I think I could 
 if it was an Englishman's," and the significant 
 glance he cast at Mr. Philips left no doubt as 
 to what he meant. 
 
 Philipsburg was regarded asa stirring and 
 prosperous town during the time its manu- 
 facturing establishments were in operation, but 
 once they were permanently closed it became 
 "a dull old place," and continued so until it 
 was livened up by the woodsmen while the 
 timber and log jobs lasted. Then stagnation 
 
 21 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 again set in, but when the Tyrone & Clearfield 
 Railroad was completed to this point in 1864, 
 and the coal mines were opened, Philipsburg 
 soon gained the reputation of being the most 
 stirring and progressive inland town in the 
 State. Two disastrous conflagrations, the last 
 one in 1876, destroyed the equivalent of two 
 squares in the business part of the place, but 
 larger and more commodious buildings were 
 erected on the site of the burned ones, among 
 them Mrs. H. Foster's block, the spacious 
 stores of Gray, Wolf & Co., and those of W. 
 H. McCausland, C. G. Hirlinger and Robert 
 Taylor. Notwithstanding these destructive 
 fires, a steady business pace was maintained 
 until the setting in of the ruinous depression 
 that was experienced all over the land in the 
 last decade of the century recently closed, but 
 which has gradually, and it is hoped perma- 
 nently passed away. 
 
 ****** 
 
 On the north side of Presqueisle street, be- 
 tween Sixth and Seventh, stands the old 
 "Union Church," an odd-looking edifice that 
 is usually called the "old mud church." Its 
 architecture bears traces of the Gothic style, 
 but its general quaintness is apt to attract the 
 attention of the passing stranger. In the little 
 adjoining cemetery, "each in his narrow cell 
 forever laid," some of the humble "forefathers 
 of the hamlet sleep," and a few aged oaks 
 and tall green pines keep constant vigil over 
 their silent graves. Among the tombstones, 
 enclosed by an iron fence, is a tasty white 
 marble obelisk, with a bronze plate on one 
 side of the base, which bears the following 
 inscription : 
 
 IN HOC SIGNO VINCES. 
 
 In memory of Hardman Philips, 
 
 the founder and benefactor of the settlement of 
 
 Philipsburg, this cross is erected by his 
 
 sorrowing widow, Sophia Philips. 
 
 He was born Sept. 21, MDCCLXXXIV. 
 
 Died Dec. Sth, MDCCCLIV. 
 
 In Peace. 
 
 Alongside, on a brick wall, is a large grey- 
 stone slab, on which is the following record : 
 
 Thomas Hardman Philips, died at Niagara 
 Falls, Aug. 17th, 1824, aged 5 months and 4 
 days. 
 
 John Edwarjd Philips, died at Yellow 
 Springs, Chester county, Aug. 11th, 1827, aged 
 4 months. 
 
 Hardman Lloyd Philips, died at Philips- 
 burg, June 28th, 1833, aged 8 years and 4 
 months. 
 
 John Edward Philips, died at Philipsburg, 
 July 8th, 1833, aged 4 years and 21 days. 
 
 Sophia Latitia Philips, died at Hampton 
 Court, Herefordshire, April 12th, 1837, aged 
 14 years and 2 days. 
 
 The two lads, Hardman Lloyd and John 
 Edward the second, were the favorite chil- 
 dren of Mr. Philips, and are the only mern- 
 bers of the family who are buried here. Their 
 death, so close together, was a grievous blow 
 to the father, and when his daughter also died 
 four years later in England, he seemed to lose 
 the interest he had previously shown in his 
 
 extensive business operations in this section 
 of the country. 
 
 Near the northwest corner of the same 
 cemetery, in a plot enclosed by a neat galvanized 
 iron railing, are several well-cared for graves. 
 On two of the white marble tombstones ap- 
 pear the names of John G. Schultz, one of the 
 original pioneers, and of Rosalie, his wife. 
 From the inscription it appears that she died 
 on the 7th of Oct., 1842, aged 72 years, and 
 he on the Sth of Dec, 1844, aged 83 years. 
 His son, Frederick is also buried there, as 
 are likewise some other members of the 
 Schultz family. 
 
 The lot on which the old church is stand- 
 ing was part of the outlot that John G. Schultz 
 received when he first came hither. As al- 
 ready stated, he had cleared a portion of it, 
 and when the early settlers needed a place for 
 burying their dead, he permitted them to use 
 it for that purpose. Afterward, when Mr. 
 Philips wished to secure a burial ground he 
 offered to exchange another piece for it, and 
 Mr. Schultz having knowledge of a spring of 
 excellent water in a small grove of sugar 
 maples on the opposite side of the creek, ac- 
 cepted four acres there in lieu of it. He later 
 on purchased twenty odd acres adjoining, and 
 the two pieces are embraced in the farm now 
 owned by his grandchildren, Christohper C, 
 Frederick W. A. and Miss Sarah Schultz. 
 
 In the summer of 1900, Dr. Chas. E. Mc- 
 Girk and his sister. Miss Annie, while look- 
 ing over the papers of their grandfather, James 
 McGirk, deceased, found several documents 
 which place the little church and matters per- 
 taining to it, in a new light. They show that 
 the original building was erected in 1819 or 
 1820, by a fund to which inhabitants of the 
 village and neighboring settlers had generally 
 subscribed, and was to be used as both a meet- 
 ing and a school house. Mr. Philips, who 
 owned the ground, and was doubtless also a 
 contributor, executed a deed of trust for the 
 property on the 12th of Nov., 1820, and named 
 himself, Jacob Test and Jas. Collins as trus- 
 tees. In 1834, the State Legislature was peti- 
 tioned for and presumably granted authority 
 permitting the qualified voters to elect trus- 
 tees annually, and this has been done, with 
 few exceptions, until the present time. In 
 1842, the requisite amount of money "to repair 
 and improve" the building, was also raised 
 by subscription, and this list of contributors, 
 as well as the first one, is among the McGirk 
 papers. It was then that the inside was re- 
 modeled, and by erecting a square tower at 
 the front, putting an addition to the rear, 
 changing the shape of the windows, and rough- 
 coating the walls, that its present form and 
 appearance was imparted to the outside. Some 
 complaint about the heavy expense incurred, 
 not only produced considerable discord at that 
 time, but subsequently brought on an un- 
 seemly contest between Mr. Philips and lead- 
 ing citizens regarding the control of the edifice. 
 An aftermath of trouble followed, for suit was 
 entered on an alleged debt, judgment ob- 
 tained, execution issued, a levy made, and the 
 old church condemned for sale. Mr. McGirk 
 and other interested persons took prompt 
 steps to stop the proceedings. At August 
 
 22 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 term, 1846, a rule was granted for taking 
 depositions, and at a later session the case 
 was tried before Judge Woodward, who set 
 aside the judgment on technical grounds that 
 were laid do^Ti in the written opinion of the 
 Court. An appeal to the Supreme Court was 
 talked of, but it does not appear that anj' 
 such action was taken. 
 
 No regular services were observed in the 
 old church prior to the building of the Trinity 
 Episcopal edifice in 1833 or 1834, but Sunday 
 worship, under the auspices of Mrs. Philips 
 herself, was held at "the big house," as the 
 people were wont to call the Philips' man- 
 sion. Since then, denominations that pos- 
 sessed no meeting house of their own have 
 been using the old one as occasion required. 
 Around it cluster many interesting memories, 
 and it ought to be carefully preseri'ed as a 
 comiecting link between the dead past and 
 the living present, for not a vestige remains 
 of the screw mill, forge or other manufactur- 
 ing plants which in earlier days had been 
 erected in the town by the enterprising men 
 who then shaped and controlled its industrial 
 affairs. 
 
 J* 
 
 PART m. 
 
 The Borough Charter — Burgesses and Town Council- 
 men — Public Buildings and Fire Companies. 
 
 THE first effective movement for trans- 
 forming the "village" of Philipsburg in- 
 to a "borough" was made in the 3'ear 
 1864. At that time no more than forty- 
 five "freeholders" were residing within the 
 proposed limits. Twenty-seven of these, be- 
 ing a majority of all, as required b}' law, 
 presented an application to the Court of Quar- 
 ter Sessions of Centre County for a charter 
 of incorxKiration, making certain necessary 
 representations in their petition, and defining 
 by courses and distances the territorj' that was 
 to be embraced by the outer boundary lines. 
 The signers were Charles R. Foster, Wesley 
 Runk, Chester Munson, Levi Munson, Thomas 
 B. Potter, Margaret Myers, G. F. Hoop, Oscar 
 Adams, Thomas Hancock, E. F. Lloyd. Emily 
 H. Jones, J. B. Hobenacker, Margaret Duross, 
 Martha A. Williams, James C. Williams, 
 Martha Ammerman. Samuel Fleck, Jesse L. 
 Test, Hannah Glosby, Christina Ross. D. C. 
 Nelson, Joseph Ferguson, Tane E. Steiner, 
 Ellen J. Nelson, James Graham, Mary M. 
 Ganoe and John D. McGirk. Here is one in- 
 stance at least where "women's rights" were 
 not only duly recognized but actually utilized, 
 for in the list of petitioners are the names of 
 no less than ten females, and without these it 
 is doubtful if the requisite majority- of "free- 
 holders" could have been obtained. At the 
 August Sessions of 1864, the grand jury made 
 a favorable report concerning the matter, after 
 which it was laid over until the next term. 
 On the 29th of November, 1864. the Court 
 confirmed the report of the grand iur\' and 
 decreed that "henceforth the town of Philips- 
 burg shall be a borough, with all the rights 
 and privileges thereunto belonging." The first 
 election under this charter was held on the 
 
 third Friday of February, 1865, Jesse L. Test 
 being Judge, and John Hancock and J. C. Wil- 
 liams, Inspectors, and a full list of municipal 
 officers were chosen. 
 
 The following is a list of the Burgesses and 
 Town Councilmen, from the organization of 
 the borough to the present time : 
 
 1865. — Burgess, James C. Williams. Town 
 Council, Chester Munson. Charles R. Foster, 
 Albert Owens, J. D. I'lIcGirk, Levi Munson. 
 
 1866. — Burgess, Thomas B. Potter. Coun- 
 cil, G. F. Hoop, J. Y. Galer, John D. McGirk, 
 Chares Copelin, Levi Munson. 
 
 1867. — Burgess, William Riddle. Council, 
 John D. McGirk, Peter Weber, Joseph Jones, 
 James A. Ganoe, Asa Whitcomb. 
 
 1868. — Burgess, Edward Perks. Council, 
 Allen Faulkner, William Eboch, M. Johnston, 
 J. S. Flegal, A. C. Bumgardner. 
 
 1869. — Burgess, J. C. Williams. Council, 
 Chester Munson, D. C. Way, O. Hancock, 
 Chas. Copelin, Benj. Jones. 
 
 1870. — Burgess, Matthew Johnston. Coun- 
 cil, L. G. Dom, T. H. Switzer, John Peightal, 
 J. W. ]\Iattern, Wm. Sterret. 
 
 1871. — Burgess, M. Johnston. Council. Rob- 
 ert Lloyd, T. B. Potter, D. C. Way. John W. 
 Mattem, G. H. Ziegler. 
 
 1872. — Burgess, George H. Ziegler. Coun- 
 cil, Wm. H. Jones, Chester Munson, J. W. 
 Daice}', Jacob W. Jones, E. H. Ellsworth. 
 
 1873. — Burgess, G. H. Ziegler. Council, 
 Robert Lloyd, W. H. Jones, Jacob W. Jones, 
 
 D. S. Dubree, R. Hudson. 
 
 1874. — Burgess, Wm. L. Harper. Council, 
 Edward Perks, Robert Lloyd, J. W. Jones, W. 
 
 E. Irwin, George C. Davison, Henry Stock- 
 bridge. 
 
 1875. — Burgess, William E. Irwin. Council, 
 H. Stockbridge, W. H. Jones, G. W. Da^nson, 
 H. Simler, Andrew Beck. 
 
 1876.— Burgess, W. H. McCausland. Coun- 
 cil, Harry Simler, Wm. Hudson. E. Bollinger, 
 Robert Musser, E. P. McCormick, Owen Han- 
 cock. 
 
 1877.— Burgess, B. J. Laporte. Council, H. 
 Simler. G. H. Ziegler, O. P. Jones, R. Lloyd, 
 Samuel Miller, A. E. Ziegler. 
 
 1878. — Burgess, J. N. Casanova. Council. 
 Joseph Jones, S. K Fleck, W. G. Mvers. C. 
 G. Hirlinger, C. A. Faulkner, John A. Lindsey. 
 
 1879. — Burgess, Chester Munson. Council, 
 Matthew Gowland, J. B. Childs, Geo. B. Sim- 
 ler, J. W. Mattern, C. G. Hirlinger. 
 
 1880. — Burgess, George B. Simler, Sr. Coun- 
 cil, T. Sankev. B. J. Laporte. Benj. Jones. C. t 
 G. Hirlinger," Isaiah Harr, J. W. Mattem, (re- 
 signed). 
 
 1881. — Burgess, Jeremiah Sankev. Council. 
 C. Munson, Alfred Jones. A. T. Graham, 
 Isaiah Harr. C. T. Frj-berger. G. W Hoover. 
 
 1882.— Burgess, A. H. Smith. Council. R. 
 Llovd, John A. Wolfe, W. E. Irwin. Hiram 
 Hoffer, W. P. Duncan, A. V. Carpenter. 
 
 1883. — Burgess. George E. Parker. Council. 
 T. W. Jones. '^D. E. Bottorf. Owen Hancock, 
 Henrv Lehman. O. S. Fleming. T. B. Potter, 
 Fred.'Ramev, W. H. Sandford. D. W. Holt. 
 
 23 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 1884.— Burgess, E. P. McCormick. Coun- 
 cil, T. B. Potter, D. W. Holt, Owen Hancock, 
 G. B. Simler, A. J. Graham, William Stein, 
 W. H. Borland, W. H. Wigton, H. Lehman. 
 1885.— Burgess, E. P. McCormick. Council, 
 Thomas B. Potter, W. H. Dorland, Wm. H. 
 Wigton, A. J. Graham, George B. Simler, Ed- 
 win Tyson, H. Lehman, John M. Holt, O. 
 Hancock. 
 
 1886. — Burgess, R. E. Munson. Council, 
 E. Tyson, Henry Lehman, J M. Holt, W. H. 
 Wigton, A. J. Graham, G. B. Simler, J. B. 
 Childs, Austin Atherton, S. B. Row. 
 
 1887.— Burgess, H. C. Warfel. Council, 
 George B. Simler, Owen Hancock, W. H. 
 Sandford, J. B. Childs, S. B. Row, E. Tyson, 
 H. Lehman, John M. Holt, A. Atherton. 
 
 1888.— Burgess, H. C. Warfel. Council, S. 
 
 B. Row, W. H. Sandford, Thomas Doyle, W. 
 
 C. Lingle, G. M. Rhule, W. H. Wigton, Owen 
 Hancock, A. Atherton, J. B. Childs. 
 
 1889.— Burgess, John Gowland. Council, 
 W. H. Wigton, Thomas Barnes, Thomas Nor- 
 ris, A. V. Hoyt, W. H. Sandford, T. Doyle, 
 O. Hancock, W. C. Lingle, G. M. Rhule. 
 
 1890.— Burgess, H. C. Warfel. Council, 
 Thomas Barnes, W. H. Wigton, W. C. Lingle, 
 George M. Rhule, Thos. Doyle, A. V. Hoyt, 
 Lot Jones, J. N. Schoonover, Al. Jones. 
 
 1891.— Burgess, R. E. Munson. Council, 
 Thomas Barnes, J. N. Schoonover, George B. 
 Simler, Lot Jones, W. C. Lingle, A. V. Hoyt, 
 Robert Hudson, John Gowland, Al. Jones. 
 
 1892. — Burgess, Andrew L. Bolger. Coun- 
 cil, J. A. Hatch, David H. Parker, John E. 
 Homer, W. C. Lingle, J. N. Schoonover, Lot 
 Jones, G. B. Simler, Jr., A. Jones, W. H. 
 Sandford. 
 
 1893.— Burgess, A. L. Bolger. Council, David 
 H. Parker, J. A. Hatch, P. E. Womelsdorf, 
 M. B. Hysong, Grant Way, J. E. Homer, W. 
 C. Lingle, G. B. Simler, C. T. Fryberger, the 
 latter chosen to fill the vacancy created by 
 W. H. Sandford's resignation. 
 
 1894.— Burgess, A. L. Bolger. Council, J. 
 
 A. Hatch, Grant Way, D. H. Parker, P. E. 
 Womelsdorf, M. B. Hysong, John G. Piatt, 
 James Black, George W. Hoover, Fred. Gow- 
 land. 
 
 1895.— Burgess, A. L. Bolger. Council. M. 
 
 B. Hysong, J. A. Hatch, P. E. Womelsdorf, 
 J. G. Piatt, Grant Way, W. H. Denlinger, J. 
 W. Stein, G. W. Hoover, Frank Gowland. 
 
 1896.— Burgess, A. L. Bolger. Council, W. 
 H. Denlinger, J. W. Stein, John G. Piatt, J. 
 Black, S. S. Crissman, George G. Parker, G. 
 W. Lucas, Frank Gowland, G. W. Hoover. 
 
 1897. — Burgess, Geo. B. Simler, Jr. Coun- 
 cil, W. H. Denlinger, J. W. Stein, S. S. Criss- 
 man, G. G. Parker, Frank Gowland, Henry 
 Southard, W. M. Melick, Charles H. Guelich. 
 
 1898.— Burgess, G. B. Simler, Jr. Council, 
 J. W. Stein, S. S. Crissman, H. Southard, 
 G. G. Parker, C. H. Guelich, W. M. Melick, 
 H. K. Grant, J. C. Harding, Al. Jones. 
 
 1899. — Burgess, Geo. B. Simler, Jr. Coun- 
 cil, W. H. McCausland, W. M. Melick. Al- 
 fred Jones, John Hirst, C. H. Guelich, H. K. 
 
 Grant, Henry Southard, J. W. Stein, A. J. 
 Graham. 
 
 1900. — Burgess, Jesse Lukens. Council, A. 
 J. Graham, H. K. Grant, John Hirst, W. H. 
 McCausland, Alfred Jones, J. H. Eskridge, J. 
 W. Stein, Henry Southard, George Richards. 
 
 1901.— Burgess, Jesse Lukens. Council, 
 James Passmore, H. Southard, John Hirst, 
 T. J. Lee, W. H. McCausland, J. H. Eskridge, 
 J. W. Stein, Geo. Richards, Robert H. Moore. 
 
 1902. — Burgess, Jesse Lukens. Council, 
 James Passmore, Henry Southard, T. J. Lee, J. 
 H. Eskridge, George Richards, J. W. Stein, 
 Charles E. McGirk, S. M. Miller, Robt. H. 
 Moore. 
 
 1903.— Burgess, Jacob Swires. Council, S. 
 M. Miller, James Passmore, R. H. Moore, J. 
 W. Stein, T. J. Lee, Charles E. McGirk. W. 
 B. Brown, J. Albert Walton, Geo. Richards. 
 
 1904. — Burgess, Jacob Swires. Council, S. 
 M. Miller, Charles E. McGirk, Charles Coun- 
 cell, W. B. Brown, L W. Stein, Albert Wal- 
 ton, George Richards, A. B. Herd. 
 
 "The "Town Hall," as it is styled on a 
 white marble tablet imbedded in the front 
 wall,_ was built in 1887. It cost all of $10,000. 
 but it can scarcely be considered an ornate 
 edifice, and the owners of adjacent dwellings 
 would, for obvious reasons, be well pleased 
 if it were somewhere else. Before getting 
 placed on its present site, the unusual had 
 happened to this building, for early in the 
 year above mentioned the town council had 
 taken the requisite steps to erect it upon a 
 lot belonging to the borough on North Centre 
 street, within 500 or 600 feet of where it now 
 stands. Hoover, Hughes & Co., to whom the 
 contract was awarded, had laid the founda- 
 tion and put up the outer walls of the first 
 story, when objections were made to the loca- 
 tion and the dissatisfied kept up the agitation 
 until Council reversed its action, the work al- 
 ready done was torn down, and the material 
 removed to the North Park, where the build- 
 ing was finally completed. The large room 
 on the first floor and the parlor on the sec- 
 ond were used for a while by the two fire 
 companies, but after the Reliance got quarters 
 of its own on Second street, the Hope Com- 
 pany had the sole occupancy of these apart- 
 ments. The Town Council has an excellent 
 room, neatly fitted up, on the second floor : 
 an adjoining one is set apart for the Burgess 
 and Police Department ; half of the basement 
 is used as a lock-up, and the remainder serves 
 as a storage place for implements belonging 
 to the borough. The Second ward elections 
 are held in the room on the first floor. While 
 the persons who were mainly instrumental in 
 effecting the removal probably thought they 
 were doing what was right, it is now a mat- 
 ter of general regret that they succeeded, for 
 the "Hall," as located at present, obstructs 
 the view of the widest and finest street of 
 the town, and has diverted the northern por- 
 tion of the Park from the purpose for which 
 it was intended by its donor, Mr. Philips. 
 
 The Reliance company erected its two- 
 story building in 1889, at a cost of $2,200. 
 
 24 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 The steamer, hose and ladder trucks were 
 housed on the first floor, and on the second 
 there was a cozy parlor and reading room. 
 For several years the elections of the First 
 ward were conducted in the lower room, and 
 the company occasionally permitted it to be 
 used for other purposes, presumably bringing 
 in a little revenue that could be applied to 
 current expenses. The ground lease having 
 expired, the owners of the lot gave notice 
 to have it vacated by the end of the year 1899, 
 but the time was extended, by arrangement, 
 until the spring of 1900. Meanwhile the bor- 
 ough authorities secured from the same par- 
 ties another lot fronting on Presqueisle street, 
 and a two-story brick with some desirable 
 conveniences has been built on the new site. 
 
 Both the companies are volunteer organi- 
 zations and receive no pay for their services, 
 but a laudable spirit of emulation prevails 
 among the members and makes them enthusi- 
 astic in responding to calls for fire. They 
 have in a number of instances prevented de- 
 structive conflagrations by the_ prompt and 
 effective manner in which they handled their 
 steamers and other apparatus ; and our citi- 
 zens generally, as well as the members of the 
 town council, are justly proud of them, and 
 on more than one occasion have shown a sub- 
 stantial appreciation of their usefulness. 
 
 PART IV. 
 
 Schools and School Directors. 
 
 THE present generation, with the excep- 
 tionally great advantages it enjoys, can 
 scarcely form a correct idea of the diffi- 
 culties the early inhabitants of the town 
 experienced in getting instruction for 
 their children. Free schools were then un- 
 known, and as the parents had either to do 
 the teaching themselves or pay so much for 
 each scholar, it seems strange that a man of 
 such culture and foresight as Mr. Hardman 
 Philips had omitted to make any provision 
 for supplying the intellectual wants of the 
 rising generation. Mrs. McCloskey. erand- 
 mother of Robert Lloyd, deceased, it is said, 
 opened the first school in the "burg," but the 
 date of its commencement has not been ascer- 
 tained. _ In 1818 William Kelly taught in the 
 old building which was subsequently used in 
 the construction of the "Union" church. He 
 and those who succeeded him probably con- 
 fined their teaching to the primary branches — 
 reading, writing and arithmetic. "Spelling 
 matches" were, however, gotton up occasion- 
 ally as an incentive to pupils, and some of the 
 girls and boys could justly pride themselves 
 on their proficiency in orthography acquired 
 in these commendable and beneficial contests. 
 At that time there existed in most rural local- 
 ities of the State an amazingly strong pre- 
 judice against teaching grammar in the 
 schools. That was regarded as a needless fea- 
 ture of education, and comparatively few per- 
 sons residing in the sparsely settled sections 
 of country were versed in it. Its open advo- 
 cates met with little encouragement, and no 
 man seekin- an official position or political 
 preferment would venture to express himself 
 
 in its favor. It is really surprising, therefore, 
 that it should have been introduced, as it 
 actually was, in this little backwood's village, 
 as early as the summer of 1825, when "iVIr. 
 Joseph Harvey Hull and his sister. Miss Caro- 
 line Hull," as set forth in a circular, opened 
 "a grammar schools by lectures," two of 
 which were delivered in the forenoon and two 
 in the afternoon on each day of its continu- 
 ance. This was most assuredly a great ad- 
 vance in the educational methods then in 
 vogue, and those who availed themselves of 
 the "lectures" were probably benefited in af- 
 ter years by what they learned under such 
 unusual conditions. Mr. Hull and his sister, 
 it appears, succeeded very well, for their 
 class was composed of fifteen persons, Mary 
 Kensler, Jane McGirk and Mary Ann Plumbe, 
 females — George Schultz, John Ayres, John 
 Dale, James Collins, George Rawle, John 
 Flegal, John Kinnear, John Meek, William 
 Hull, John Plumbe, Richard Plumbe and Hen- 
 ry Devine, males. There is no way of de- 
 termining how many children had been taught 
 regularly by Mr. Kelly or any of his imme- 
 diate successors, but taking the population as 
 represented by tradition and other matters 
 bearing on the subject into consideration, it 
 is safe to assume that twenty or twenty-five 
 would be an over, rather than an underesti- 
 mate. This number will no doubt appear 
 small when compared with the six to seven 
 hundred scholars now in daily attendance dur- 
 ing the nine months' term of our school, with 
 its eighteen instructors — a supervising princi- 
 pal, an assistant principal, and teachers for 
 the different grades and sub-grades. 
 
 If the citizens of Philipsburg in former 
 times felt the want of educational facilities, 
 they are not experiencing anything of that 
 kind at present. Their schools and school 
 edifice are second to few outside of the large 
 cities, and present a strong contrast to what 
 they were in 1818, when one teacher instructed 
 the few children of the village in the little 
 rustic building then used for that purpose. It 
 must not, however, be supposed that the transi- 
 tion from the old to the new order of things 
 was rapid. In fact, scarcely any perceptible 
 headway had been made until the fall of 1866, 
 when a large lot, or rather a square of ground, 
 was purchased for $1,000, and a two-story 
 frame building put up on it. to which two 
 smaller ones were subsequently added. The 
 Board of Directors at that time consisted of 
 Owen Hancock, Oscar Adams, L. G. Kessler, 
 Chas. R. Foster, George H. Steiner and William 
 H. Jones. The first principal was our esteemed 
 fellow-citizen, Chas. B. Sandford, who held 
 the position from 1870 to 1873, and was as- 
 sisted by one male and four female teachers. 
 
 If any minutes of the School Boards' meet- 
 ings had been kept up to that time, or any 
 were made during several of the following 
 years, they have either been mislaid or un- 
 intentionally destroyed, for none whatever, as 
 far as can be ascertained, have been in the 
 custody of the persons chosen as Secretaries 
 since 1886. Robert Lloyd, J. A. Wolfe, Wil- 
 liam E. Irwin, Alfred Jones, Wm. E. Landon 
 and E. A. Ryman composed the Board_ when 
 the initial step, on a motion of Mr. Irwin was 
 
 25 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 taken on the 20th of January, 1887, for the 
 erection of a new and more commodious 
 building, which would supply the increasing 
 needs of the community. The movement was 
 quite popular and hence, at the election held 
 in the ensuing March, the proposition was ap- 
 proved by a vote of 226 to 87, whereupon the 
 Board awarded to the Cottage Planing Mill 
 Company of Huntingdon, Pa., a contract for 
 putting up the new edifice. The cost of the 
 building, completed and furnished, was to be 
 $29',000. The work of construction 'was 
 promptly commenced and pushed so vigor- 
 ously that the large and imposing structure 
 was finished in time to be dedicated on the 
 13th of September. 
 
 Since the introduction of the graded sys- 
 tem our schools have gained quite an enviable 
 reputation with educators abroad as well as 
 at home. The course of instruction is excel- 
 lent, and if pupils avail themselves of its ad- 
 vantages they can fit themselves for_ entrance 
 into college. The pay of teachers is liberal, 
 and this fact, with that of having a nine- 
 months' term, ought to secure the services 
 of some of the best instructors in the coun- 
 try. The Boards of Directors have all been 
 indefatigable in their efforts to keep the 
 schools up to a hi.gh standard, and the rising 
 generation should be grateful for what is be- 
 ing done for them in this respect. 
 
 The following is a list of Directors from 
 1889 to 1903, the writer regretting that for 
 the reason already stated, he could not ob- 
 tain the names of those who had previously 
 served, except such as have been mentioned 
 in this sketch: 
 
 1889.— Wm. E. Landon, John A. Wolfe, J. 
 W. Dunwiddie, E. A. Ryman, Hobart Alport, 
 W. E. Irwin." 
 
 1890.— Robert Llyod, Wm. E. Davidson, 
 Hobart Alport, J. A. Wolfe, W. E. Irwin, 
 J. H. Turnbach. 
 
 1891.— Robert Lloyd, Hobart Alport, J. H. 
 Turnbach, J. A. Wolfe, S. B. Row, W. E. 
 Irwin. 
 
 1892.— Robert Lloyd, J. H. Turnbach, J. 
 A. Wolfe, S. B. Row, M. A. Elder. W. E. 
 Irwin. 
 
 1893.— Robert Lloyd. Wm. E. Irwin. J. H. 
 Turnbach, J. A. Wolfe, S. B. Row, M. A. 
 Elder. 
 
 1894.— A. T. James, Wm. E. Irwin, John 
 Strahan, Hiram O. Hoffer, J. C. Bradin, M. 
 
 A. Elder. 
 
 1895.— A. T. James, Wm. E. Irwin, John 
 Strahan, J. C. Bradin, H. O. Hoffer, J. H. 
 Turnbach. 
 
 1896.— J. H. Turnbach, Wm. E. Irwin, H. 
 O. Hoffer, J. C. Bradin, J. E. Hawkins, Geo. 
 
 B. Simler, Jr. 
 
 1897.— J. C. Bradin, Wm. E. Irwin, J. H. 
 Turnbach, H. O. Hoffer, John E. Hawkins, 
 Charles E. Murray. 
 
 1898.— Frank Weber, Wm. E. Irwin, Jos. 
 Kjiapper, H. O. Hoffer, John E. Hawkins, J. 
 Clarence Bradin. Mr. Bradin having died 
 soon after the commencement of this term, 
 J. H. Turnbach was chosen to fill the va- 
 cancy. On the death of Mr. Hoffer, a few 
 
 months later, C. T. Fryberger was elected to 
 fill his place. 
 
 1899.— C. T. Fryberger, Wm. E. Irwin, 
 Frank Weber, Joseph Knapper, John Gowland, 
 C. Westley Atherton. 
 
 During the years given in this list, Wil- 
 liam E. Irwin was Secretary of the several 
 Boards, and it is only candor to say that he 
 discharged his duties in a creditable and satis- 
 factory manner. He was again re-elected, but 
 as his health had become impaired, he felt 
 constrained to resign the Secretaryship. At a 
 meeting of the Board, held August 14th, 1899, 
 Mr. C. T. Fryberger was elected to that posi- 
 tion, and Mr. C. W. Atherton was chosen 
 President. 
 
 1900.— C. W. Atherton, C. T. Fryberger, 
 Frank Weber, Joseph Knapper, John Gowland, 
 John Gowland. 
 
 1901.— C. T. Fryberger, C. W. Atherton, 
 Frank Weber, Joseph Knapper, Wm. E. Irwin, 
 W. W. Andrews. 
 
 1902. — C. T. Fryberger, Frank Weber, John 
 Gowland, W. W. Andrews, E. F. Townsend, 
 C. E. Murray. 
 
 1903.— W. W. Andrews, Eli F. Townsend, 
 C. E. Murray, John Gowland C. T. Fryberger, 
 Frank Weber. 
 
 1904.— Eli F. Townsend, C. E. Murray, 
 John Gowland, C. T. Fryberger, W. W. An- 
 drews, Frank Weber. 
 
 PART V. 
 Saw Mills, Logging, Etc. 
 
 AT the time the Philipses made their 
 initial break in the forests of this lo- 
 cality, "the face of the earth" was al- 
 most literally covered with nine, hem- 
 lock, oak and other trees. These en- 
 terprising men no doubt fully appreciated the 
 value and importance of this timber, but when 
 they raised their first saw mill they probably 
 gave little or no thought to the number of 
 similar structures which might in after years 
 be erected along the valley of the Moshannon. 
 Inquiries have failed to determine definitely 
 when and by whom the next saw mill after 
 that of the Philips' firm was put up in this im- 
 mediate vicinity. In 1828 or 1829, Daniel 
 Hoffman and Samuel Walker built one on a 
 site near where the large tannery in Osceola 
 now stands. It was afterwards owned by 
 Thomas Mayes. In 1832 or 1833, Abraham 
 Goss put up another on the Moshannon near 
 Dunbar. William McCullough, Sr., who sub- 
 sequently removed to Clearfield, acquired an 
 interest in it in 1841 or 1842. Christian Har- 
 nish, in possibly 1836, erected the saw mill 
 which was afterwards purchased by Jacob 
 and George Steiner. It was located at the 
 dam above the Wigton fire-brick works, on 
 the Chester Hill side of the creek. Dr. Henry 
 Loraine and Thomas Lever had as early as 
 1829, built one about two and a half miles 
 this side of Munson. It was later on sold 
 to Bowman & Perks, and called the upper 
 mill to distinguish it from another put up 
 by Edward Perks, Sr., opposite Munson sta- 
 
 26 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 tion. The latter was the same mill which 
 subsequently belonged to Hon. Chester Mun- 
 son and Maj. J. A. Crawford. Thomas Sny- 
 der had one near Winburne that was at one 
 time operated by Judge Munson also, and D. 
 M. Bilger had another at the mouth of the 
 Black Bear run, erected in 1852, which was 
 the first mill in Centre county supplied with 
 a muley saw. The "Pioneer" mill of Groe & 
 McKean was located at the head of a great 
 windfall that will be referred to again. This 
 mill was afterwards owned by Swartz & 
 Bauer. There was also a saw mill on the 
 Bates' property, near the mouth of the Mo- 
 shannon, which a few years after being started 
 in 1848, was run by a couple of the younger 
 members of the Bates' family from Lancaster 
 county, sons of John Herman Bates, who died 
 at Pine Glen, Snow Shoe township, on the 
 8th of Nov., 1901, in the 75th year of his 
 age. These are all the early water power mills, 
 so far as can be learned, that had been put 
 up on the Moshannon. In later times, the 
 Moshannon Land and Lumber company op- 
 erated its immense establishment at Osceola 
 with steam, and so did Maj. D. W. Holt the 
 one he had at Loch Lomond, each of which 
 turned out annually millions of feet of lum- 
 ber that were shipped on the railroads to 
 other parts of the country. 
 
 Several saw inills had at various times been 
 put up on Coldstream and some of its tribu- 
 taries, and the same difficulty was experi- 
 enced in fixing the date of their location as 
 with all others. Towards the end of the For- 
 ties, probably in the year 1848, Stephens, 
 Rider & Hamilton erected the "sash" mill, so 
 called because it was supplied with an up-and- 
 down or gate saw. Six or seven years later 
 they built another at what is known as the 
 "muley" dam, a name that is derived from 
 a long, stiflf saw which moves much more rap- 
 idly than the ordinary gate saw. About 1861, ex- 
 Sheriff Wm. B. Ziegler, of Huntingdon, put 
 up the mill beyond Twiggs' on Clover run, 
 but it was afterwards owned and operated 
 by the Reed Brothers, of which firm Capt. 
 Joseph Reed was the head and managing part- 
 ner. In 1863, Messrs. L. G. Kessler and Wm. 
 M. Lloyd started one at the "big spring," on 
 the pike, a couple miles south of Philipsburg. 
 They also erected a mill on Coldstream, which 
 they sold to Bean & Zimmerman, but it was 
 better known as Bean's mill. In 1865 or 1866, 
 the Reeds built the large mill at "Squankum" 
 dam, and there was an old one near Vaughn's, 
 owned by Hays Hamilton, that was subse- 
 quently operated by the Reed firm also. The 
 steam saw mill in "Cabbage Hollow" belonged 
 to Mr. McCauley, and there was a box-board 
 mill in the same vicinity, run by one of the 
 Reeds. Daniel Ayres had a saw mill at- 
 tached to his grist mill, built in 1852. on 
 Beaver run, a few miles northwest of town, 
 and Henry Post had a waterpower mill along 
 the same stream, on the John Goss property. 
 In 1872 or 1873, Moses Owens put up a saw 
 mill on Beaver run, about a mile north of 
 this place, and more recently Wiser & Bender 
 had one. propelled by steam, near Graham sta- 
 tion. The last saw mill in this neighborhood 
 was erected in the autumn of 1900, by the 
 Bloomington Coal Company, about two miles 
 
 from Philipsburg, at the "Nuttal blocks," in 
 close proximity to which a considerable quan- 
 tity of good timber was still standing. 
 
 The product of the older mills was formed 
 into rafts and transported in that way to the 
 markets down the Susquehanna. Some tim- 
 ber rafts were likewise constructed at differ- 
 ent times, but as the Moshannon is not 
 adapted to long floats, comparatively little was 
 done in this line. Ullman & Stanley, who, in 
 their time, had made several of the latter kind 
 at the mouth of Horner run, were unfortunate 
 with them and therefore dropped that mode 
 of lumbering. It is not at all likelv that any 
 person ever attempted to run long spars down 
 this stream, but entries in the old day-book 
 show that, as early as December 30th, 1799, 
 the Philips' company "engaged James Mc- 
 Cauley and Jacob Meyer to go from the 
 mouth of Clearfield creek to the mouth of 
 Muddy run to examine if there is any mast 
 timber handy on the banks" which can be 
 got into the creek. As the creek was "hard 
 frozen" and could be traveled on, it was 
 considered "an easy time" to examine the 
 timber. From this "extraordinary under- 
 taking," as the bookkeeper terms it, the two 
 men returned a week later, and the "account 
 given by McCauley (on January 7th, 1800), 
 was that at the banks of the said creek there 
 could be got about 100 mast sticks," adding, 
 however, that "from the mouth of Clearfield 
 creek perhaps half way up to the mouth of 
 Muddy run, are rocks which at present in- 
 terrupt the navigation of masts, but could be 
 cleared out with small expense." As this mat- 
 ter is not again mentioned, it may be taken 
 for granted that the project was not carried 
 into effect. Had "mast sticks" been put into 
 Clearfield creek at that early day, the unusual 
 incident would have been kept ".green in the 
 memory" of the people as was the fact that 
 the first raft floated on the waters of this 
 region was one of house-logs which David 
 Litz, in 1805, piloted out of the same stream 
 and down the River to the mouth of Queen's 
 run, where he sold it to Joseph Quay, who 
 was operating a saw mill at that place. 
 
 It will not be amiss to state here that an 
 ordinary sized river raft M'as about two hun- 
 dred feet long, 22 wide, and contained prob- 
 ably 5,000 cubic feet of square timber. A raft 
 of sawed lumber had generally ten platforms, 
 and contained from fifty to sixty thousand 
 feet, board measure. On the Moshannon, 
 which is a narrow and crooked stream, the 
 rafts were scarcely half the length specified 
 above, but when they arrived at the mouth 
 of the creek, or in the smooth water below 
 "Buttermilk Falls," two of them were "lashed" 
 or coupled together, and run to their destina- 
 tion at Lock Haven, Williamsport, Middle- 
 town, Marietta or intermediate points. Of 
 the hardships and dangers incident to this 
 part of the business it is not proposed to say 
 anything more than that there were many 
 thrilling experiences, narrow escapes, and oc- 
 casionally fatal accidents, which the old rafts- 
 men — mav their souls rest in peace — were al- 
 ways fond of rehearsing to patient hearers. 
 
 27 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 A phenomenal storm that passed over this 
 part of the country in 1847, not only did much 
 damage directly, but in its secondary effect 
 introduced a system of lumbering which sub- 
 sequently produced a vast amount of dissatis- 
 faction and trouble. The Portland Lumber 
 Company of Maine had a tract of over 400 
 acres of heavily timbered land on the Moshan- 
 non at which is known as "The Shelvings," 
 a mile and a half above where Peale is now 
 located. All the trees on this tract were pros- 
 trated by the resistless wind, and it was a 
 question as to what could be done to prevent 
 the loss of so much valuable timber. The 
 owners, after the lapse of some time, con- 
 cluded to have it cut into saw logs and floated 
 to a place where it could be manufactured 
 into boards and plank. Lock Haven was 
 chosen for this purpose, and in furtherance of 
 the project Wing & Getchell established a 
 saw mill there. Early in 1851, J. B. Wing 
 was placed in charge of the work on the land. 
 He succeeded in getting about 2,000,000 feet 
 of logs ready for floating, but a lack of water 
 compelled him to postpone "the drive" until 
 the spring of 1852. As the logs were not 
 fastened together in any way, but were per- 
 mitted to run loose in the stream, they sub- 
 jected the raftsmen to a great deal of an- 
 noyance and in some instances caused the 
 rafts to be wrecked, or "stoved," as such an 
 occurrence is usually called by the lumber- 
 men. This engendered a feeling of dislike 
 to log-floating among those not engaged in 
 it, but any mutterings that may have been 
 heard, did not deter Mr. Wing from continu- 
 ing his work on the Portland tract until all 
 the timber was utilized. While this was be- 
 ing done, the Blanchards commenced another 
 job farther up the stream, and in a short 
 time log camps were not an uncommon thing 
 in this part of the country. 
 
 In the meantime the boom at Williamsport 
 had been constructed, and instead of logging 
 being confined to the waters of the Moshan- 
 non, it was extended to the tributaries of the 
 Susquehanna in the adjoining county of Clear- 
 field. Inasmuch as rafting was carried on 
 extensively along those streams and on the 
 river itself, the feeling against log-floating 
 soon became widespread and aggressively bit- 
 ter. An "anti-boom meeting" was held in 
 Clearfield borough on the 17th of March. 1856, 
 of which Ellis Irwin, Esq., was President ; 
 Hon. Richard Shaw, John F. Weaver, James 
 
 B. Graham, Wm. L. Moore, Christooher Krat- 
 zer and William Porter were Vice Presidents ; 
 and L. J. Crans and A. M. Hills, Secretaries. 
 On some of the appointed committees were 
 Tames Forest, John Patchin, Sr., Gen. John 
 ■patton, Richard Hughes, B. D. Hall, Wm. C. 
 Foley, William Irvin, Esq.. Conrad Baker, 
 John Swan, Henry Swan, George B. Good- 
 lander, F. P. Hurxthal. Arthur Bell. Hon. 
 Richard Shaw, Tames Wriglev, Wm. Powell, 
 
 C. D. Watson, Clark Wilson. J. R. Reed, Chas. 
 S. Worrell. J. L. Cuttle, John P. Hovt, J. 
 Wilhelm, Samuel Mitchell, D. W. Moore, 
 Peter Lamm, Fr. Coudriet, A. H. Shaw, S. 
 B. Row and others. The resolutions adopted 
 declared that booms impeded navigation, 
 caused detention and loss to the citizens of 
 the county, and if increased must inevitably 
 
 destroy the timber and board business, render 
 the forests valueless, and deprive the people 
 of their means of support. A second meet- 
 ing was held in the same town on the 4th 
 of July of that year, over which Hon. James 
 T. Leonard presided, and which was ad- 
 dressed by Hon. G. R. Barrett and Hon. W. 
 
 A. Wallace. It was attended by leading and 
 influential men from all parts of the county, 
 as well as by some from Elk and Centre coun- 
 ties. On the committee of resolutions were 
 William Stewart, Daniel Rhoads and Dr. 
 James Irwin of Centre, William Powell, A. 
 
 B. Shaw and J. Wilhelm of Clearfield, and 
 Robert Rothrock of Elk county. The temper 
 of this assemblage can be judged from the 
 resolutions, which asserted that all peaceable 
 and lawful means would first be used by the 
 raftsmen to obtain their rights in the navi- 
 gation of the highways, in the hope of se- 
 curing legislative action to that end, but this 
 was followed by the avowal that "peaceably or 
 forcibly the nuisanqp (of log-floating) must 
 be abated." Another meeting was held on 
 the 27th of August, 1856, at which a commit- 
 tee of nine persons was appointed to collect 
 funds to defray necessary expenses, and at 
 the same time John M. Chase, Wm. H. Robin- 
 son, Robert Mahaffey and Henry G'roe, of 
 Clearfield county; Wm. Stewart, James Askey 
 and Daniel Rhoades, of Centre county, and 
 R. C. Winslow, Robert Blake and Robert 
 Rothrock, of Elk county, were constituted a 
 committee to prosecute all persons who should 
 put loose logs in navigable streams in suffi- 
 cient numbers to create a nuisance. 
 
 Logging having in the meantime been com- 
 menced on Clearfield creek, under the auspices 
 of Mr. Ensworth, persons who were engaged 
 at rafting along that stream, taking a cue 
 probably from some of the aforementioned 
 resolutions, organized "vigilance companies" 
 for the declared purpose of "abating the nui- 
 sance by force of arms." A couple of these 
 companies, armed with rifles, shotguns and 
 axes, under the command of "Captains" Kline 
 and Fiscus, made a descent upon the log- 
 floaters on the first day of May, 1857. Twenty- 
 five or thirty of these men were at work try- 
 ing to "break a jam" of logs which had been 
 formed at the "Salmon Hole." The Vigi- 
 lantes, who largely outnumbered the others, 
 appeared on the opposite bank and ordered 
 the logmen to lay down their tools and leave. 
 No attention being paid to this demand, the 
 Vigilantes opened fire, when the driving crew, 
 with three of their number wounded, took 
 refuge in the woods so as to get out of 
 range of bullets from the guns of their as- 
 sailants. The latter then ascended the stream 
 to the log camp, chopped up and burned two 
 boats and a quantity of tools, tore down the 
 cabin and dumped the wreckage, together with 
 the cook stove, mess pork and iron imple- 
 ments, into the surging waters. After this a 
 parley took place, and the discomfited men, 
 upon promising to quit "the drive" and go 
 elsewhere, were graciously permitted to take 
 with them their grip sacks and clothing. On 
 the 4th of May information was made against 
 forty-seven of the "Vigilantes," charging them 
 with riot, and warrants were issued for their 
 arrest. Accusations were also made against 
 
 28 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 a considerable number of the logmen. At the 
 Court which convened in Clearfield borough 
 on the 18th of the same month, "true bills" 
 were returned against the accused raftsmen, 
 as also against several of the log-floaters, who 
 were indicted for creating a nuisance by ob- 
 structing the stream at the Best, Wilson and 
 Ringgold dams, at Spruce Island, Grass-Flat, 
 Turner's Island and other places. The cases 
 were tried at the August Term, 1857, and of 
 the floaters, Abraham Byers was fined $15, 
 George W. Miller $5, James F. Parsons $1, 
 J. Harris Green $15 and George Chandler $5, 
 with costs of prosecution in each instance. 
 Of the raftsmen found guilty of riot, John 
 M. Chase and Joseph Fiscus were each fined 
 $25; Austin Kline, Andrew Rowles, Alfred 
 Shaw, James Henderson, Robert Henderson, 
 Samuel Stott, Samuel Henderson and Jacob 
 Bush each $10 together with costs of prose- 
 cution. The result of these trials put a check 
 upon all violent proceedings, the murmurs of 
 discontent gradually ceased, and eventually 
 some of the most radical opponents of logging 
 embarked in the business also. While it can- 
 not be truthfuly gainsaid that this mode of 
 lumbering rapidly depleted the timber, it must 
 at the same time be admitted that it fur- 
 nished employment to hundreds of men, and 
 put in circulation many thousands of dollars 
 which directly or indirectly benefited the whole 
 community. 
 
 The saw mills of O. L. Schoonover and 
 B. F. Merritt & Co., are the only ones now 
 in operation along the banks of the Moshan- 
 non, and in recent years neither board rafts 
 nor "log drives" have ruffled the waters of 
 the "dark stream," which its name is said to 
 signify in the vernacular of the aborigines 
 who once inhabited this part of the country. 
 The change that has taken place in lumber- 
 ing has been very great, or it may be more 
 properly said that the business has ceased 
 almost entirely in this locality, and the time 
 is coming when the experiences of raftsmen 
 and log-floaters, like the deeds of Indian 
 braves, will be remembered only in song or 
 story. The poet had possibly a scene like 
 this in mind when he expressed the idea that 
 
 "Change is written on the tide. 
 
 On the forest's leafy pride ; 
 
 On the streamlet glancing bright ; 
 
 On the jewel'd crown of night — 
 All where'er the eye can rest. 
 Show it legibly imprest !" 
 
 PART VI. 
 The Coal Industry. 
 
 THE date when the coal industry ivas 
 started in this region is not involved in 
 any doubt. A tract of mountain land, 
 on the northern slope of the Alle.gheny, 
 only a few miles from the summit, was pur- 
 chased by the late John Nuttall in the year 
 1857. The Tyrone & Clearfield Railroad, 
 when constructed, ran through it. A portion 
 of this land was leased to Robert Lemon, of 
 Hollidaysburg, who opened a mine, and in 
 the summer of 1861 made the first shipment 
 
 of coal that passed over the new road. Mr. 
 Lemon did not continue in the business any 
 great length of time, for inside of a twelve- 
 month, his lease, presumably by mutual con- 
 sent, was annulled. Meanwhile, in 1862, Rob- 
 ert Hare Powell had made an arrangement 
 with Mr. Nuttall, and the Powelton mine, as 
 it was then named, was thereafter operated 
 under his auspices on a scale which in those 
 days was considered quite extensive. 
 
 The next colliery, in order of time, was 
 the Wallace mine at Osceola Mills, opened in 
 1863, by John Miller, of Altoona, Pa., on 
 property belonging to the Moshannon Land 
 and Lumber Company. It was afterwards 
 purchased and operated by the Clearfield Coal 
 Company, of which W. W. Wallace was Presi- 
 dent, and Campbell Tucker, Secretary. Our 
 late townsman A. V. Hoyt, who was then not 
 over 20 years of age, acted in the dual ca- 
 pacity of book and store keeper for the new 
 firm. In 1865, W. P. Orbison, of Huntingdon 
 county, started the Enterprise on land of John 
 Grain. The Phoenix, on the Fred. Dale prop- 
 erty, was projected by Mr. Orbison also, af- 
 terwards operated by S. S. Blair's Sons, and 
 later by Orvis, Hastings & Co. The Reading 
 was located by James P. Hale on land be- 
 longing to himself, but is at present owned 
 by Mrs. Steinman. The Drane was started 
 by T. C. Heims in 1884, and subsequently 
 operated by the Berwind-White Co. The Cen- 
 tral was commenced in 1885 by J. B. Ellis 
 on his own farm, and the Electric by T. C. 
 Heims on propert- of the Philipsburg Coal 
 and Land Company. Houtz & Good have the 
 Gem mine which was opened in 1889. 
 
 Immediately after the railroad had been 
 extended to Philipsburg, the work of coal 
 development was begun in this neighborhood. 
 William B. Ziegler, Esq., of Huntingdon, pur- 
 chased from Elias Walk and J. McMullen, two 
 pieces of land adjoining the Test and George 
 Schultz properties, and in the fall of 1864 
 opened a mine, the coal from which was con- 
 veyed across the "beaver meadows," on an 
 elevated tramway, to the railway track at the 
 lower end of the town. Mr. Zie.gler sold to 
 a party who organized the Derby Coal Com- 
 pany, with Mr. C. G. Patterson as President, 
 and John S. Hubbard as superintendent. The 
 Derby firm disposed of their interest to A. 
 M. Soteldo, and the last named sold to Mr. 
 Y. Casanova. After this several other changes 
 were made, John Barnes, John Ashcroft and 
 George E Parker being among those who 
 operated the mine at different times. Charles 
 Long & Son were running it from 1899 to 
 1903. inclusive. 
 
 The old Union colliery, on the John Gear- 
 hart land, was commenced in 1865. It changed 
 hands frequently, or as one informant put it, 
 "nearly everybody owned it," and for that rea- 
 son it is difficult to give the names of the vari- 
 ous operators in regular chronological order. 
 Whoever may have secured the original lease, 
 it is almost certain that Daniel Williams, 
 either as lessee or manager, opened the mine 
 in the year specified above. A Mr. Buckwal- 
 ter had it next, and about 1867 Hoop, Irwin 
 & Mock got control of it. After them, John 
 
 29 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 Whitehead & Co. operated it, and that firm 
 sold to Elijah Chilcote. The latter disposed 
 of his interest to Casanova, Perks & Co., who 
 made a new opening on the opposite side of 
 the hill, and called it the Cuba mine. In 
 June, 1873, Thomas Barnes, John Ashcroft, 
 John Barnes, Thomas Pilkington and Moses 
 Haworth entered into a contract for mining 
 and loading the coal. Later on Miller, Betts 
 & Kerr secured a lease and carried on the 
 operation for a few years. H. K. Grant hav- 
 ing meanwhile acquired the shares of several 
 of the Gearhart heirs, started the Baltic, which 
 was subsequently worked by Thomas Barnes, 
 then by Harry Washburn, again bv Mr. 
 Barnes, and more recently by Irish Brothers. 
 
 More than a third of a century ago, sev- 
 eral eastern capitalists purchased ■ a body of 
 land, containing 4,000 acres, between the Wil- 
 liamson and Black Bear runs, and organized 
 the New York Coal Company, with Mr. High- 
 land as President, and a Mr. Tolsom as su- 
 erintendent. In the year 1866 they commenced 
 opening mines, no great distance east of Phil- 
 lipsburg, and iDuilt a branch railway that con- 
 nected with the Tyrone & Clearfield road at 
 the switch in the rear of the Hoover, Hughes 
 & Co. planing mill, in the northern part of 
 our town. That part of the track which ex- 
 tended from the switch to Loch Lomond was 
 subsequently embraced in and formed part 
 of the Morrisdale Branch. The company had 
 four coal openings, and made preparations for 
 carrying on a large business. The persons 
 who had charge of the practical managament 
 of the operation, being deficient in mining 
 knowledge, conducted the collieries in an ex- 
 pensive manner, and sent the coal to market 
 in such an objectionable condition that its sale 
 could scarcely be effected at all, although 
 the quality of the coal would not of itself have 
 condemned it in the opinion of competent 
 judges. Whatever may have been done after- 
 wards to correct faults and reduce unnecessary 
 expenses, the prejudice that had been created 
 at the start by the carelessness alluded to, 
 could not be fully dispelled, and the business 
 was as a consequence continued in a languish- 
 ing sort of a way for a number of years, 
 when it was permanently suspended, the rails 
 from the mines to Loch Lomond taken up, 
 and the organization formally dissolved or 
 tacitly abandoned. The lands are now owned 
 by Casper E. Collier, of New York, and James 
 Clarke, of New Jersey — the latter holding 3,600 
 acres, and the first named 436 acres. Hon. 
 P. E. Womelsdorf, of Philipsburg, is agent 
 for Messrs. Clarke and Collier, and gives such 
 attention to the property as existinar condi- 
 tions require. Scott Fravel, Samuel Robins 
 and Al. Vaughn had, in the year 1900, so- 
 called "country banks" on these lands, and 
 supplied local consumers with stove coal that 
 gave general satisfaction. James Dumbleton 
 has a bank of his own on an adjoining tract, 
 and has one on the Munson land near the 
 Coldstream dam. 
 
 In 1866 Mr. John Nuttall started the "old 
 Decatur mine" on Coal run, but the formation 
 proved so faulty that, after a couple of vears' 
 time, he felt constrained to stop the opera- 
 tion altogether. In 1868 he removed the store 
 
 and other buildings to the north end of Phil- 
 ipsburg, and about that time opened Decatur 
 No. 1 on the Morrisdale road. Considerable 
 sums of money were in later years expended 
 by different persons on the Coal run property, 
 but it appears that nothing else than disap- 
 pointment was experienced by those who at- 
 tempted to surmount the obstacle which the 
 displacement in the seam presented. Decatur 
 No. 2 was begun by Mr. Nuttall in the early 
 Seventies; in 1871 he opened Laurel Run No. 
 1, on the land of Richard Hughes, and at 
 a more recent date No. 2, on the John Shaw 
 land. In October, 1899, the Nuttall heirs sold 
 Decatur No. 2, with the land on which it is 
 located, to Peacock, Kerr & Peale, who then 
 composed the Bloomington Coal Company and 
 operated on a large scale. 
 
 The Morrisdale Coal Company was organ- 
 ized in 1869 by D. W. Holt, representing the 
 Allport estate, R. B. Wigton and William 
 Dorris. J. Edgar Thompson was in some 
 way interested in the project, and it was 
 through his influence that rails for the exten- 
 sion of the Morrisdale Branch were obtained. 
 The first shipment of coal from this mine was 
 made on January 1st, 1870. R. B. Wigton & 
 Co., later on, secured the lease and conducted 
 the business for several years. It is now in 
 the hands of Mr. Frank Wigton and others, 
 who have also gotten control of the under 
 seams on the Pardee and Ashman tracts. 
 
 Glenwood colliery, on the John Shaw and 
 Henry Schultz farms, was started by the 
 Campbell Brothers in the year 1874, but no 
 shipment of coal was made from it until the 
 spring of 1875. 
 
 Acme, now owned by Chas. J. Wittenberg 
 and others, and together with Acme Slope, 
 is called Victoria colliery, was commenced in 
 1878 or 1879 by Jones, Mull & Co., who built 
 a railway from the mine to its junction with 
 the Morrisdale branch, at which point John 
 Ashcroft and R. H. Powel opened the Hawk 
 Run mine in 1881. 
 
 Duncan, Lingle & Co. made their first ship- 
 ment of coal from Pardee in the spring of 
 1882. After the completion of the Beech 
 Creek Railroad to Philipsurg, Gen. George I. 
 McGhee purchased Pardee and operated it. 
 The Acme track had meanwhile been bought 
 by the Beech Creek Company and became 
 part of that road. 
 
 Campbell, Tucker & Co., of which firm 
 Thomas and John Barnes were members, 
 started Lancashire No. 1 on John Gearhart's 
 farm in 1880, and in 1882 they opened No. 2 
 mine on the John Hughes' property. After 
 the death of Mr. Campbell Tucker in April, 
 1897, his brother, Alfred Tucker, took his 
 place and kept up his connection with the ex- 
 tensive operations of the firm until the spring 
 of 1899, when Alfred also died. In 1902, No. 
 3 was sold to Righter & Marshall. 
 
 Coady Ridge colliery, on the land of An- 
 drew Gearhart, was commenced in 1880, by 
 George Robertson, of Shamokin, who sold it 
 to H. K. Grant in the ensuing December. 
 
 Alexander Wichey and Alfred Barlow 
 opened Colorado No. 1 on the Russell Showal- 
 
 30 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 ter property in the year 1880. Wichey dis- 
 posed of his interest to WiOiam Barlow, and 
 the Barlow Brothers sold to Hoyt & Jack- 
 man. Mr. Hoyt subsequently disposed of his 
 interest to Mr. E. H. Ellsworth, and the busi- 
 ness was for a while carried on by Ellsworth 
 & Dunham, who also bought out Mr. Jack- 
 man. Irish Bros, have it now. 
 
 David W. Holt, James Passmore, John 
 M. Holt and O. L. Schoonover projected the 
 Allport mine in 1882. In 1883 A. J. Graham 
 obtained the interest of Mr. Passmore, and 
 afterwards R. H. Shipman and D. W. Holt 
 constituted the firm and conducted the busi- 
 ness. The last named gentleman also started 
 Loch Lomond in 1885. 
 
 In December, 1899, the Irish Brothers firm 
 purchased the lease of David Atherton in 
 Colorado No. 3 and a controlling interest in 
 the Casanova lands; on May 1st, 1902, they 
 acquired the leases of John G. Piatt in Guion, 
 Colorado No. 2 and a couple other collieries, 
 and in October, 1902, that of Adams & Co. 
 in the Jefferson mine. 
 
 In addition to the mines already men- 
 tioned, there are others in close proximity to 
 Philipsburg. The Lane colliery is operated 
 by the Todd Brothers ; the Gearhart by Thos. 
 J. Lee; the Washington by Henry Liveright 
 in connection with Eureka No. 14; the Kain- 
 tuck and Victor No. 3 by G. Stott & Co., 
 and the Dewey-Derby by McCausland & 
 Homer. J. Swires has the Ophir, the Ash- 
 man and the O'Brien; Ellsworth & Dunham 
 the Royal, and James Stott has the Highland 
 and a new slope at Loch ■ Lomond ; Geo. H. 
 Huddell & Co. run the Meadow Brook, and 
 Frank Weber has a "country bank" on the 
 Henry Philips' farm. The Steiner heirs have 
 a slope on their lands adjoining town, which 
 has recently been leased to the Anchor Coal 
 Co., composed of John G. Piatt and mem- 
 bers of the Morrisdale Coal Co., who will 
 develop the "B" vein which is 4 feet thick at 
 this point. Thomas Philips opened a mine 
 in 1902, at Hudson, on land of H. K. Grant. 
 H. M. Hughes operates the Leader collieries 
 on the Richard Hughes' property, now merged 
 in the Hughes Coal Mining Company; D. W. 
 Hughes a new mine on the John Hughes' 
 farm; a Mr. Geisel, who acquired the lease 
 of Pat. Gallaher, the old Mapleton ; and Town- 
 send & David the Beaver mine near Boyton. 
 The Coaldale Company operate No. 4 them- 
 
 selves; John McGonigal runs the Troy on 
 contract; John Walton, in 1902, reopened 
 Victor No. 4 and started a new mine, the 
 London, on Mapleton branch, and Geo. Mock 
 & Co., have the Mock mine. 
 
 Messrs. Atherton & Barnes, Stratton 
 Brothers and James Stott, in April, 1903, se- 
 cured leases for the development of a thou- 
 sand acres of land belonging to the Philips- 
 burg Coal & Land Company, Casper E. Col- 
 lier and James P. Clark, a short distance 
 east of town, and when ready expect to 
 operate on a large scale. T. G. McCausland, 
 John Homer and Henry Cole, about the same 
 time, leased a piece of the Casanova lands 
 and will open a mine on the line of the Rail- 
 way when built for the former parties on the 
 roadbed of the old N. Y. Company. 
 
 During the month of April, 1903, a mine 
 was put in operation on land belonging to the 
 D. H. Parker estate, back of Morrisdale, on 
 the line of the N. Y. Central Railroad, by 
 the Parker Coal Company, composed of S. B. 
 Parker, Samuel Pfoutz and the Ellsworth & 
 Dunham firm. The last named parties have 
 also leased 100 acres adjoining the above 
 property. 
 
 In August, 1903, Thomas I. Lee and Rich- 
 ard Lobb opened a mine close by the "old 
 Williamson bank," about a mile east of Phil- 
 ipsburg. 
 
 As the collieries in and around Houtzdale, 
 and those at Munson, Winburne, Grass-Flat 
 and Peale do not properly come within the 
 Philipsburg sphere, they will not be referred 
 to in detail. The product of the Houtzdale 
 district gets onto the Tyrone & Clearfield 
 Railroad at Osceola Junction, and that of the 
 other places named is all sent over the Beech 
 Creek road. 
 
 The quantity of coal that has been mined 
 and shipped from this region is simply im- 
 mense. If correct data could be obtained, the 
 array of figures would be confusing, and in- 
 stead of being considered accurate, it is more 
 likely they would be regarded as the fanciful 
 creations of an excited imagination. Suffice 
 it, therefore, to say, that the aggregate foots 
 up many millions of tons, and if it were pos- 
 sible for Mr. Hardman Philips to be rein- 
 carnated and brought back to the town bear- 
 ing his family name, he would find the reality 
 in this particular had greatly exceeded any- 
 thing his hopeful mind ever conceived. 
 
 31 
 
Philipsburg From 1904 to 1909 
 
 By C. U. Hoffer. 
 
 I HE realization of the fact that 
 the Electric Railway, so long 
 and so anxiously awaited, was 
 in actual operation, had a most 
 exhilarating and encouraging 
 effect upon the people of Phil- 
 ipsburg, and its construction 
 marks an epoch in the his- 
 tory of the town. 
 
 Many houses were built and plans devised 
 for the construction of others, and the restor- 
 ation of many that needed overhauling. 
 Changes in partnerships of business concerns, 
 absorptions and consolidations of Corporate 
 interests, were the order of the day. 
 
 At the Annual Meeting, January 12, 1904, 
 the Moshannon National Bank increased its 
 Capital Stock from $50,000.00 to $100,000.00. 
 
 On July 13th of the same year the Citi- 
 zens' Water Company, or the New Water 
 Company, as it was called, purchased the old 
 Philipsburg Water Company by the exchange 
 of $60,000.00 worth of 5% bonds of the Citi- 
 zens' Water Company for the Capital Stock, 
 valued at $60,000.00, par of the Philipsburg 
 Water Company, and improvements of much 
 importance were at once begun upon the new- 
 ly acquired and consolidated plant. 
 
 On July 16th, 1904, the Philipsburg Elec- 
 tric Light, Heat & Power Company, owned 
 by J. Edward Horn, E. H. Ellsworth, and 
 W. S. Montgomery, conveyed their plant 
 which stood at the corner of Pine and Rail- 
 road streets, to the Centre & Clearfield Rail- 
 way Company, and the same was dismantled 
 and converted into a warehouse, the machinery 
 of the old concern put up for sale, and only 
 such things as could be used by the Trolley 
 Company were taken to the fine power house, 
 whence thereafter light was to be furnished 
 by an all-day service in greater abundance to 
 a larger and increasing list of consumers. 
 
 On July 19, 1904, the Moshannon Manu- 
 facturing Company disposed of their stock 
 and good will to John Botwright. In Sep- 
 tember of the same year, the Gowland Manu- 
 facturing Company put to its already large 
 ""Plant, a concrete two-story addition 36x96, to 
 be used for a blacksmith shop. 
 
 About this time, Harry Washburn and 
 Wilbur Hoover, with a goodly number of men, 
 began the manufacture of the million or more 
 of white pine and oak, cut by them from the 
 flats or swamps below the town, and pur- 
 chased from the Philipsburg Land & Coal 
 Company. 
 
 The utilization of this timber destroyed the 
 only remaining relic of the mighty forests 
 which stood here years ago. 
 
 On October 12, 1904, George W. Zeigler, 
 Esq., bought from William W. Forcey, the 
 
 property on the corner of Front and Maple 
 streets and at great expense overhauled it and 
 made it one of the most desirable and com- 
 fortable homes in the town. 
 
 Harry Todd erected a costly residence 
 upon a lot purchased from J. O. Reed. 
 
 On October 12, 1904, the Hoffer-Tyson 
 building was completed at a cost of $16,000.00, 
 and the large store rooms on the ground 
 floor were at once occupied by B. F. Hoffer, 
 and Harry Emery, respectively, the upper 
 floor rented to the Knights of the Golden 
 Eagle, and the second story let to private 
 families and for offices. 
 
 On November 3, 1904, the extension of the 
 Centre & Clearfield Street Railway was made 
 to Winburne, making that place the terminus 
 of the road — an event of much importance to 
 the merchants of Philipsburg, and people liv- 
 ing along the line. 
 
 On the 15th of the same month, the Mo- 
 shannon Manufacturing Company was de- 
 stroyed by fire, and thus was wiped out an 
 industry, and a great loss was entailed upon 
 the owners, and the community at large. 
 
 On December 5th Charles H. Rowland 
 purchased the New Steam Company, and be- 
 gan at once to improve same by the erection 
 of a large addition to his plant, entailing con- 
 siderable outlay. 
 
 The closing of the year 1904 showed an 
 enormous expansion and increase of business, 
 the verification of which can be had from 
 the large tonnage and amount of freight 
 which all the railroads leading into town 
 hauled during that time, from the increased 
 deposits in the banking institutions, and from 
 the great growth of the receipts in the Post 
 Office, which was almost sufficient to make 
 it the most important Post Office in Centre 
 County. 
 
 In December, 1904, President Theodore 
 Roosevelt sent to the Senate of the United 
 States, the name of John Gowland for Post 
 Master, and on the 7th of the same month, 
 the Senate accordingly confirmed the same. 
 A list of the Post Masters of the town, since 
 its inception will be found below : 
 
 John Lorain, 1818; Henry Lorain, 1824; 
 James McGirk, 1831 ; John G. Runk, 1837-41 ; 
 Alexander Wilson, 1841-45; James McGirk, 
 (second term), 1845-50; John G. Runk, (sec- 
 ond term), 1850-53; J. A. Ganoe, 1853-1858; 
 Chester Munson, 1858-61 ; Wesley Runk, 1861- 
 64; W. H. Wagner, 1864-68; R. D. McKin- 
 ney, 1874-80; J. W. Mattern, 1880-84; John 
 Gowland, 1884-88; A. B. Herd, 1888-92; H. 
 C. Warfel, 1892-96; J. Albert Walton, 1896- 
 98; A. L. Bolger, 1898-04; John Gowland, 
 1904—. 
 
 32 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 The first annual report of the Centre & 
 Clearfield Railroad for the year 1904, and 
 dated January 9, 1905, makes the remarkable 
 showing that 1,032,005 passengers were carried 
 during that time. 
 
 In February, 1905, a Farmers' Institute was 
 held in the Parish House of St. Pauls' Epis- 
 copal Church, which brought a number of 
 strangers to our town, and was productive of 
 much good. 
 
 On February 22, of the same year, Group 
 No. 6, Bankers' Association, comprising Blair, 
 Cambria, Centre, Clearfield and Huntingdon 
 Counties met and banqueted at the Potter 
 House. This was an important gathering for 
 Philipsburg, for the reason that the men who 
 composed this body were people of more than 
 ordinary intelligence, and able to appreciate 
 the advantages and good points the town pos- 
 sessed. 
 
 On March 3rd, Jesse W. Lukens and John 
 Beck purchased the Shovel Factory, known as 
 the Fiestal property, and converted it into a 
 planing mill, employing quite a number of 
 skilled workmen. 
 
 On March 15th, 1905, George R. Mock and 
 Robert Moore, doing business under the firm 
 name of the Philipsburg Beef Company, con- 
 structed in addition to their already exten- 
 sive establishment, at a cost of over $10,000.00, 
 in order to better handle their increasing busi- 
 ness. 
 
 On April 1st, Philipsburg Brewing Com- 
 pany completed the construction of their 
 plant representing an outlay of $140,000.00. 
 Mr. Joseph F. Wiest is President, General 
 Manager and Treasurer; John B. Kuptz, Sec- 
 retary; Joseph F. Wiest, Fritz Weber, John 
 Kuptz, F. P. Graham and Thomas Flecken- 
 stein are the Directors ; Ed. C. Beezer is As- 
 sistant Manager. This is a union concern and 
 good wages are paid. No employee receives 
 less than $1.75 per day, the highest being $6.00 
 per day. Eighteen men are emploved and about 
 $16,000.00 are paid out annually to these people. 
 
 On June 1st, the new Steam Company 
 erected a large stack, and made other changes, 
 involving considerable expense, and giving 
 work to many people. 
 
 Dr. John D. McGirk and Dr. Charles Mc- 
 Girk, at a cost approximating $20,000.00, put 
 up a splendidly equipped sanitarium. 
 
 On July ISth, the new Garment Factory, 
 with a capital of $50,000.00, and composed of 
 the following stockholders : H. R. Parker, of 
 PottstOAvn ; J. N. Schoonover, J. W. Stein and 
 George Stott, began business in the building 
 which had cost them $20,000.00 to erect, and 
 by putting to work about 100 people. 
 
 On August 15, 1905, the Odd Fellows made 
 an extension to their ma.gnificent building of 
 40 feet, for the accommodation of the Central 
 Trading Company's large department stores, 
 and executed a lease for ten years with that 
 company for the rooms they now occupy. 
 
 On August 5th, 1905, the District Firemen's 
 convention met, and was attended by large 
 crowds, and pronounced a signal success. 
 
 On September 4th, the first reunion of the 
 district convention of the Knights of the Gol- 
 den Eagle was held, and many people were at- 
 tracted to the town because of the parade, 
 which was the feature of the day. The local 
 lodge entertained its visitors royally, and they 
 all went away impressed with the greatness 
 of Philipsburg. 
 
 Because Spruce street was paved, free from 
 dust, and in excellent condition, and because 
 of the Garment Factory's close proximity to 
 it, real estate in that quarter of the town took 
 a boom, and many nice and expensive houses 
 were built and lots sold to prospective build- 
 ers. Altogether, the year 1905 had been a 
 good one, as the usual barometers, the banks, 
 the post ofiice, and railroad, conclusively show. 
 
 In March of 1906, C. W. Atherton and J. 
 N. Schoonover equipped the basement of the 
 Garment Factory with modern machinery, and 
 started a laundry, which employed quite a 
 number of people. This, however, was ab- 
 sorbed some months later by the Philipsburg 
 Laundry, which abandoned its place on Pres- 
 queisle street, and is doing business in the 
 new quarters at the Garment Factory. 
 
 By far the most disastrous blow Philips- 
 burg had received for years came at this junc- 
 ture in its affairs, immense shipments of coal 
 were being made, and a general feeling of con- 
 fidence prevailed. There were mutterings of 
 an ominous character sometimes heard., but 
 they were cast aside as idle imaginings. But 
 on April 1, 1906, the storm burst, and a gen- 
 eral strike was ordered throughout the entire 
 bituminous field, and a suspension of work 
 and business was the result. Misery and want 
 were the outcome of it all, for it was not un- 
 til the 18th of July, 1906, or three and a half 
 months after, that the strike was declared off. 
 
 On July 19th, work at the Garment Fac- 
 tory was resumed, under the management of 
 H. W. Sallade, giving employment to 100 
 people. 
 
 On Sunday, September 30, 1906, St. Peter 
 and Paul's Roman Catholic Church was con- 
 secrated by Bishop A. E. Garvey. High mass 
 was said by the rector of the church, Father F. 
 L. Kumerant, assisted by Father Fisher, of 
 Morrisdale, and Father Desmond, of Osceola, 
 and the sermon was preached by Father J. C. 
 Foin, of York. This edifice is a beautiful 
 temple, a credit to Philipsburg, and an endur- 
 ing monument to the pastor of the church, 
 the Rev. Father Kumerant, by whose untiring 
 efforts it was built. 
 
 On October 13th, a fire occurred at Blue 
 Ball, which completely destroyed the plant of 
 W. H. Wynn & Co., manufacturers of fire 
 brick. As this is an industry close to our 
 doors, and owned by citizens of Philipsburg, 
 the loss indirectly affected the town ; but with 
 commendable haste on the part of the owners, 
 work was at once begun on the restoration 
 of the plant, by J. W. Stein, of Philipsburg, 
 who had been given the contract to put up 
 the brick buildings required. Employment 
 was secured by a number of people in Phil- 
 ipsburg. 
 
 33 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 Taking the year 1906 as a whole, it was 
 an unfortunate one, and recovery a very slow 
 process. 
 
 On Dec. 30, 1906, a profound sorrow fell 
 upon the people of Philipsburg through the 
 death of the Rev. Francis J. Clerc, D. D., 
 who was for more than a quarter of a cen- 
 tury, the beloved rector of St. Paul's P. E. 
 Church. By strength he had attained even 
 beyond the Scriptures, four-score years, and 
 his career had been so intimately a part of 
 the community, that its severance caused a 
 pang of intense regret. His life was a bene- 
 diction, and his ministrations to rich and poor, 
 high and low, had won for him a place in 
 the heart of every man, woman and child in 
 the town of Philipsburg. He was truly a Priest 
 of God, and his works do follow him. 
 
 In February, 1907. John D. Gills' Sons 
 purchased the A. T. Shupe property, then oc- 
 cupied by Mitchell Murray, as a marble works, 
 and, at considerable cost enlarged the same 
 and made many improvements in putting it 
 in proper shape for the storing and sale of 
 mining tools and supplies, which they make. 
 
 On July 9, 1907, the large Insurance Agen- 
 cy of Frank F. Irvin passed into the hands of 
 C. T. Fryberger. 
 
 On July 4th, a fire occurred in which the 
 Presbyterian congregation lost their church 
 property on Second street, and on the tenth 
 of the same month it was decided to build a 
 new church, modern in construction and to 
 cost about $20,000.00. 
 
 July 27th, the Philipsburg Beef Cnmn^-- 
 met with a heavy loss and much inconveni- 
 ence in the partial destruction of its nlant by 
 fire. 
 
 Somewhat of an anomaly in the affairs of 
 Philipsburg seems to have existed during the 
 summer of this year, for whilst the depres- 
 sion in business was felt in other "laces, it 
 had not perceptibly afifected the situation here, 
 and coal was being mined from many aband- 
 oned mines at a profit, in addition to the ship- 
 ments by others and larger companies. 
 
 On October 23rd, King & Phillips are 
 awarded by the Town Council the contract for 
 a section of West Presqueisle street, and finish 
 same in a very short time, but employment 
 had been given. 
 
 On October 26th. J. K. Palmer & Comnanv 
 turn over to the State two sections of State 
 road, connecting Front and Ninth streets at 
 Troy's bridge. This was a most fortunate 
 event for PhiliDsburg, both because of the em- 
 ployment of labor it entailed, and because of 
 the great convenience visitors now experience 
 in coming and going to and from the town. 
 
 On January 6, 1908, a dispensary for con- 
 snmotives was established, and put in charge 
 of Dr. Charles E. McGirk. 
 
 On March 24th, Wynn & Comoany. at 
 Blue Ball, doubled the capacity of their plant 
 in order to care for increasing trade. 
 
 In April of the same year, Edwards & Co. 
 secured and built a section of State road to 
 One Mile Run from Coldstream bridge. A 
 
 much needed improvement and appreciated by 
 those whom it most affects. 
 
 On May 21st, 1908, the Sandy Ridge Fire 
 Brick Company is sold to Ross Wynn & 
 James H. France, of Philipsburg. This is 
 one of the first fire brick plants erected in 
 our country. In 1865, John H. Miller built a 
 plant for the manufacture of brick from a 
 clay found by him to exist there, and from 
 that time to this, additions and improvements 
 have been made, which have enabled the com- 
 panies which have since come into control to 
 make a quality of brick which has gained an 
 enviable reputation in the market. Messrs. 
 France & Wynn have rehabilitated the plant, 
 and put its capacity of output to 26,000 bricks 
 per day. 
 
 June 11, 1908, a new school building in 
 North Philipsburg is handed over by the con- 
 tractor, B. F. Morgan, costing $10,000.00. Ap- 
 propriate exercises were held in honor of the 
 event. 
 
 Philipsburg has always participated in the 
 prosperity of this plant. 
 
 On June 22, 1908, corner stone of the 
 Presbyterian Church is laid. In July of the 
 same year, the large concrete bridge is con- 
 structed over Moshannon creek at Maple 
 street, and completed by C. M. Waple, who 
 took over the contract originally awarded to 
 R. A. Scott, of Hastings, Pa. 
 
 On August 20th, 1908, the firemen held 
 their convention. It proved the most suc- 
 cessful meeting it had since the organization 
 of the district. 
 
 In September of this year, Mrs. Prudence 
 Haines bought from J. N. Schoonover the 
 properties owned by him on East Pine street, 
 and H. J. Beck purchased from Mrs. Prudence 
 Haines the old stable on Pine street, and 
 erected upon the site a large building at a 
 cost of $12,000.00, to be used for a theatre. 
 The first effort toward the organization of 
 Moshannon Chapter, Daughters of American 
 Revolution, was made on May 11th. After 
 five meetings the organization had been com- 
 pleted, and on October 21st, 1908, the charter 
 was granted. There are 27 charter members, 
 these, together with thirteen National, State 
 and other visiting officials, attended a luncheon 
 furnished and served at noon bv the Trinity 
 Guild of the Methodist Episcopal Church, at 
 the residence of Dr. McGirk. The following 
 officers and visitors were present: Mrs. Alex. 
 E. Patton, of Curwensville, Vice President 
 General of the National Association: Mrs. 
 Allen Perley, of Williamsport, State Regent, 
 and the following named representatives from 
 Susquehanna Chapter, of Clearfield ; Mrs. D. 
 L. Krebs, Regent ; Miss Virginia Bigler, Vice 
 Regent; Mrs. Ella Goodfellow, Secretary; 
 Mrs. Fred Kerr, Corresponding Secretary; 
 Mrs. Alfred Liveright, Treasurer; Mrs. Frank 
 Reese, Registrar; Mrs. Nannie Fulford, His- 
 torian ; Mrs. A. E. Powell, and Miss Som- 
 merville. Mrs. W. W. Rogers and Mrs. J. 
 A. Vogle, Bellefonte, represented the officers 
 of the Bellefonte Chapter. 
 
 Miss Julia Hale made the speech of wel- 
 come to Mrs. Patton, National Vice Presi- 
 
 34 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 dent ; Miss Higby to Mrs. Perley, State Recent, 
 and Mrs. J. E. Fryberger to the other guests. 
 Responses were made by Mrs. Alexander E. 
 Patton, in behalf of the National Association ; 
 Mrs. Alexander E. Powell for the Clearfield 
 Chapter, and by Mrs. W. W. Rogers for 
 Bellefonte Chapter. The tables were arranged 
 in the form of a T and were beautifully deco- 
 rated with white and blue bunting, little silk 
 flags and sprays of holly berries, and on the 
 walls of the library in which the luncheon 
 was served were draped large American flags. 
 The plate-cards, painted by Miss Dora Reese, 
 were charmingly artistic. The several dainty 
 courses were served in faultless manner by 
 ladies under the supervision of Miss lona 
 Steiner. In the seats of honor were the visit- 
 ing officials and the officers of Moshannon 
 Chapter, viz: Mrs. L. W. Nuttall. Regent; 
 Mrs. J. E. Fryberger, Vice Regent; Mrs. Dr. 
 C. F. McGirk, Recording Secretary: Mrs. P. 
 E. Womelsdorf, Corresponding Secretary; 
 Mrs. Harry Scott, Registrar ; Miss Mary Som- 
 merville. Historian, and Miss Annie McGirk, 
 Librarian, the Treasurer, Mrs. Laura H. Mull, 
 being absent from the citj'. 
 
 In December, 1908. Russ Bros, finished the 
 installation of a refrigerating plant in the 
 large Ice Cream Factory, costing $10,000.00. 
 
 A careful estimate shows that during this 
 year over $100,000.00 had been spent in pub- 
 lic improvements, and new buildings, and the 
 pressure of the hard times upon the people 
 lifted in a considerable degree. 
 
 On January 15th, 1909, the Harbison- 
 Walker Co., at Wallaceton, after a long period 
 of idleness, resumed operations, to the great 
 joy of the inhabitants of that village, and 
 the merchants of Philipsburg. 
 
 On January 30th, the Presbyterian Church 
 was dedicated, and a handsome edifice now 
 adorns the corner of Presqueisle and Fifth 
 streets, which represents an outlay of $30,- 
 000.00, every cent of which is paid. 
 
 On June 1st, J. Swires disposed of 400 
 acres of coal land to Madiera Hill & Co., the 
 consideration being $22,000.00. 
 
 On June 28th, the African Methodist Epis- 
 copal Church was dedicated by Bishop Der- 
 rick, of New York. The cost of this building 
 involved an outlay of $2,500.00, nearly all of 
 which is provided for. 
 
 On June 29th, an Old Home Week Asso- 
 ciation was organized to make arrangements 
 for the celebration of the event during the 
 week of September 12th to 19th, inclusive. 
 The officers are as follows : John Gowland, 
 President; P. E. Womelsdorf, First Vice 
 President; Frank Weber, Second Vice Presi- 
 dent; George R. Mock, Treasurer; Frank W. 
 Grebe, Recording Secretary ; C. E. Hoffer, 
 Corresponding Secretary ; Solomon Schmidt, 
 Assistant Secretary; Claude Adams, Assistant 
 Treasurer. 
 
 Doctors Henderson and Carlin, in June, 
 1905, leased from the Catherine Holt estate 
 the beautiful home on Maple Hill, and con- 
 verted the same into a sanitarium. 
 
 In July, 1909, Doctor Henderson purchased 
 this property, making it thereby a permanent 
 institution of the town. 
 
 On July 4th, ten thousand people joined in 
 a celebration which included an industrial 
 parade of more than ordinary merit, and a 
 program of sports well carried out. 
 
 On July 25th, corner stone was laid by 
 congregation of the Church of Christ, for a 
 large and handsome edifice. 
 
 The completion of the installation of the 
 exhaust system of Steam Heating commenced 
 last year by Mr. C. H. Rowland, the owner 
 of the plant, is a splendid example of indi- 
 vidual .enterprise which makes much for a 
 community. The employment of labor on this 
 improvement during the dull days of the coal 
 trade and of the general depression was of 
 immense benefit to the town. 
 
 It can be truthfully said that no town in 
 the country has a better or more perfect 
 plant for Steam Heating than Philipsburg. 
 
 It must also be noted that the great drought 
 which prostrated many towns and wrought 
 much damage throughout the land in the sum- 
 mer of 1908, did not affect Philipsburg, 
 which was drinking and using without stint 
 during that awful period, pure mountain water 
 fresh from the never failing streams which 
 supply the finely equipped Water Company of 
 the town. 
 
 The work on the three-mile extension to 
 West Decatur of the State road, connecting 
 with the town at Point Lookout, has begun 
 and will be a much needed improvement, fur- 
 nish labor and indirectly be of great benefit 
 to the town. 
 
 The Borough Council, at a meeting held 
 August 19, decided to at once commence the 
 construction of a large sewer for the relief 
 and protection of the lower section of the 
 town at an estimated cost of $6,000.00. 
 
 This will afford another opportunity for 
 labor and prove a great blessing to the town. 
 
 The construction at Hawk Run of an im- 
 mense saw mill, two miles from Philipsburg, 
 for the manufacture of the 80,000,000 feet of 
 timber now being taken from the Forcey lands 
 and other properties adjacent, is nearly com- 
 pleted, and there will be employed a large 
 number of men from whom the business men 
 of Philipsburg must reap much benefit. 
 
 The evolution of Philipsburg from a lum- 
 ber and mining hamlet into a prosperous town 
 has been phenomenal and a review of its 
 wonderful development shows its progress to 
 have been on conservative lines, which have 
 established a sure and safe foundation upon 
 which its future can safely be built. It is 
 no idle prediction that with the injection of 
 new life into the Board of Trade, a revival 
 of the spirit of enthusiasm and courage that 
 brooks no defeat, Philipsburg will rise before 
 many years to a place among the large inland 
 cities of the Commonwealth. 
 
 35 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 RECENT COAL DEVELOPMENTS 
 
 Ever since the discovery of coal in what is 
 now called the Clearfield Bituminous Coal field, 
 there has been a constant endeavor to learn 
 what seams, quantity and quality of coal the 
 lands in and about Philipsburg really contain. 
 This search has been carried on by many wise 
 prospectors and engineers, and it is a pleasure 
 to note that among the latter none have been 
 more indefatigable and successful in making 
 the earth disclose her secrets than the able 
 corps represented by P. E. Womelsdorff, Har- 
 ry McD. Lorain, George H. Ayers and Charles 
 P. McCausland, of this town. These men are 
 in a manner the custodians of the future of 
 Philipsburg in that their offices contain such 
 important data and information, the slightest 
 jot of which would be enough to forever put 
 to silence the pessimist, who is eternally try- 
 ing to make himself and others believe that 
 the coal measures in our vicinity are ex- 
 hausted, the mining of coal a business of the 
 past, and financial doom only in store for Phil- 
 ipsburg. 
 
 Retrospection will convince the most skep- 
 tical that no such deplorable condition exists 
 or can arise, for year after year has some 
 new development brought to light and dem- 
 onstrated the well nigh inexhaustible charac- 
 ter of the coal beds of this region. The 
 phenomenal resuscitation of old New York 
 mine abandoned years ago on One Mile Run, 
 would indicate this, for an extremely rigid 
 and thorough test in 1903 revealed the true 
 value of this property, and induced five firms 
 to secure leases at once on the large territory 
 again available and showing absolutely eight 
 hundred acres of "A" coal of a thickness of 
 four feet clean coal and two hundred acres of 
 _"B" coal of a thickness of two feet ten 
 inches to four feet and which areas represent 
 four or five millions of tons to be taken out. 
 
 The original lessee in this field was James 
 F. Stott, who opened up the A and B seams 
 of coal here under a lease, and it may be 
 truthfully said that to his energy and per- 
 sistence in the face of many discouragements 
 is due the opening and development of this 
 territory. Afterwards the lessees, David 
 Atherton and Joseph Barnes, under the firm 
 name of Atherton & Barnes, commenced to 
 operate the "A" seam in 1904. Thomas J. 
 Lee and Richard Lobb, under the firm name 
 of T. J. Lee & Co., the "B" seam; Stratton 
 Brothers, the "A" seam; J. E. Horn and 
 Rembrandt Peale, under the firm name of J. 
 E. Horn & Co., succeeding James F. Stott, 
 the "A" and "B" seams about the same time, 
 and George Stott and William Rapsey the 
 "B" seam somewhat later. 
 
 We find also that J. E. Horn & Co. pur- 
 chased on Sept. 29th, 1904, the holdings of 
 James F. Stott near Loch Lomond, comprising 
 seven hundred and sixty-six acres. Part of 
 this purchase was Ophir property and had 
 five mines which have been opened and the 
 output of which is shipped over the New 
 York Central & Hudson River Railroad. 
 
 On June 19th, 1907, the Jason Coal Com- 
 pany was granted a charter at Harrisburg 
 
 with an authorized capital of $50,000 with 
 John G. Piatt, President, and N. Jason, of 
 Atlantic City, N. J., Secretary and Treasurer, 
 and began the installation of an up to date 
 plant at great expense. 
 
 On November 23rd, 1907, operations were 
 commenced on the lease secured from the 
 Jacob Steiner heirs, which is now in posses- 
 sion of the Hillside Coal Company and worked 
 by them at the present time. It is good steam 
 coal, and many acres no doubt of the thou- 
 sand or more under which the seams of this 
 excellent coal extend, will become available 
 and bring to Philipsburg much prosperity. 
 
 J. Swires opened a few years ago, a mine 
 opposite Morrisdale Shaft No. 3, with the "E" 
 seam which he has operated successfully. 
 This seam is more or less limited in extent 
 and runs from two to four feet in thickness. 
 
 John Hooton has also leased from the Irish 
 Bros, and Casanova heirs, the Jacob Resh 
 tract, and begun the development of the prop- 
 erty. A two and a half mile branch has been 
 built by the New York Central and Hudson 
 River Railroad Company to it from a point 
 near Ophir Mine down the Centre County side 
 of the Moshannon creek, and recently he has 
 also added to his Coaldale No. 12 mine, 
 opened on the above lease of 433 acres from 
 the Lloyd estate, the Furst estate, Beaver 
 and Reynolds. This mine is on the "A" seam 
 and this section is receiving the attention of 
 prospectors and many developments will doubt- 
 less result which must make this very im- 
 portant territory in the near future. 
 
 The Monarch Coal Company's enterprise 
 at Drane is perhaps the most important move- 
 ment in coal matters in this region for years 
 for the reason that it has disclosed the pos- 
 sibilities of the "B" seam under water level 
 and opened the way to thousands of acres 
 yet untouched and underlying the unworked 
 sections of immense territory in our vicinity. 
 
 This Company is a chartered organization 
 and has under lease eight hundred acres of 
 "B" coal and controls over two thousand 
 acres, all of which will come out through 
 a shaft put down at a depth of 130 feet. 
 
 The officers of the Company are Charles 
 Wesley, of Philadelphia, President; Charles 
 Soby, of Philadelphia, Vice President, and 
 Harry M. Hughes, Treasurer and General 
 Manager. The equipment of this mine is a 
 splendid one and enables it to put out 1,500 
 tons per day when working full time. 
 
 In the light of the above facts, it is not 
 hard to predict what effect they will have 
 eventually upon the future of Philipsburg, 
 for as surely as a revival of business is com- 
 ing, so surely a boom the like of which was 
 never known to the town will follow. 
 
 Thousands of acres of coal are only await- 
 ing the magic word of the capitalist to bring 
 them into active and large producers. 
 
 PHILIPSBURG'S SCHOOLS 
 
 The culture and refinement which distin- 
 guish Philipsburg above other towns in like 
 manner dependent upon the mining industry 
 
 36 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 for_ support, are the outgrowth of the school, 
 which for years, has wrought in the life of 
 this beautiful town, and so wisely guided and 
 directed its material prosperity as to have 
 brought forth a type of citizenship peculiarly 
 liberal, intelligent and patriotic. 
 
 The completion of the splendid school 
 building in 1887, at a cost of $29,000.00, cer- 
 tainly marked an epoch in the history of 
 Philipsburg, and subsequent events show, vras 
 by far the best investment the town ever 
 made. A recent estimate of the property puts 
 the value of the total equipment as below : 
 
 Building .$42,500.00 
 
 Grounds 18,000.00 
 
 Furniture and Fixtures 3,500 00 
 
 Text Books 5,000.00 
 
 Apparatus 1,000.00 
 
 Total $70,000.00 
 
 So admirably is the building planned that 
 it yields to any and all changes which mod- 
 ern ideas may dictate as to health, safetj-, 
 and adaptation for study and physical exercise. 
 
 The Board of Education has prescribed a 
 course of study from the primary school to 
 the High school, extending through 12 years, 
 upon the completion of which, pupils are ad- 
 mitted without examination, to the best col- 
 leges of the State. Four years are required 
 to complete the High School course. 
 
 The library contains 2,300 volumes, mod- 
 ern inaps, and reference books. A museum 
 containing over a thousand specimens, a well 
 equipped chemical laboratory, and a most com- 
 plete and modern cabinet containing apparatus 
 used in the study of physics, constitutes the 
 outfit of the scientific department. The aim has 
 been to make the work practical. Pupils are 
 taught to do by doing. A knowledge of chem- 
 ical action and wireless telegraphy is no longer 
 out of reach of the High school girl and boy. 
 
 The apparatus has been provided, skilled 
 teachers are employed, and the recognition 
 of the leading colleges attests to the high 
 standard of results accomplished. The edu- 
 cational interests of Philipsburg have been 
 safeguarded by her leading business and pro- 
 fessional_ men. The Board of Directors have, 
 at all times, been actuated by a desire to 
 do their full duty toward the youth of the 
 entire community. Unanimity of purpose, a 
 devotion to an ideal have been made the key- 
 note which proclaims that the best is none 
 too good for Philipsburg. 
 
 The results accomplished by these schools 
 during the last twenty years have been wide- 
 reaching and fraught with much good, and 
 are a record of achievement of which the 
 people of Philipsburg are justly proud. 
 
 On December 12, 1907, Prof. C. D. Koch 
 resigned the superintendency to accept the 
 appointment of State Inspector of High 
 Schools. On January 6, 1908, the vacancy 
 was filled by the election of Prof. B. I. Mey- 
 ers, of Patton, and another name was added 
 to a splendid line of principals and superin- 
 tendents. 
 
 Mr. Meyers is a young man with powers 
 of mind and body in full vigor, and is thor- 
 oughly imbued with a love for his calling, 
 which indulges only the highest ideals. The 
 present Board of Education is as below set 
 forth : 
 
 President, W. W. Andrews ; Secretary, C. 
 T. Fryberger; Treasurer, Frank Weber; John 
 Gowland, J. E. Hawkins, and Geo. Troutman. 
 In years of service. Captain C. T. Fry- 
 berger stands first, and as a faithful servant 
 of the people he has looked after the interests 
 of the district as conscientiously as his own. 
 When, by reason of the death of the late Wm. 
 E. Irwin, of revered memory, the Board was 
 robbed of one whose services had been so 
 signally useful in the work of the schools, it 
 was no mere chance that his mantle fell upon 
 the shoulders of his friend and is worn grace- 
 fully and honorably still by the present Sec- 
 retary of the Board of Education. The re- 
 port of attendance during the term is as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 Number enrolled, boys, 410; girls, 446; 
 total, 856. Average attendance, boys, 333; 
 girls, 352; total, 685. Percentage of attend- 
 ance, boys, 95; girls, 94; total, 95. 
 
 From 1904 to the present year the make-up 
 of the Boards has been as follows : 
 
 W. W. Andrews, President; C. T. Fry- 
 berger, Secretary; Frank Weber, Treasurer; 
 John Gowland; Ely J. Townsend, (died March 
 9, 1905, and was succeeded by R. H. Moore, 
 March 22, 1905), Chas. E. Murray. 
 
 For the year 1904: W. W. Andrews, 
 President; C. T. Fryberger, Secretary; Frank 
 Weber, Treasurer; John Gowland; Chas. 
 Waring resigned before being sworn in. G. 
 C. Irish was elected by the Board July 24, 
 1905, to fill his place. 
 
 For the year 1905 : W. W. Andrews, Presi- 
 dent; C. T. Fryberger, Secretary; Frank 
 Weber, Treasurer; John Gowland, Robt. 
 Moore, J. E. Hawkins. 
 
 For the year 1906 : W. W. Andrews, Presi- 
 dent; C. T. Fryberger, Secretary; Frank 
 Weber, Treasurer; John Gowland, Robt. 
 Moore, (died July 26, 1907). G. C. Irish 
 elected by the Board August 27, 1907; J. E. 
 Hawkins. 
 
 For the year 1907 : W. W. Andrews, Presi- 
 dent; C. T. Fryberger, Secretary; Frank 
 Weber, Treasurer; John Gowland, J. E. 
 Hawkins, Geo. Troutman. 
 
 A retrospect of the last five years shows 
 that outside of the routine work of the schools, 
 many lecturers of prominence were secured 
 and high-toned entertainments given, prin- 
 cipal among which were Senator Dollivar, 
 of Iowa, in 1904, and University Extension 
 Lectures, which were begun in the winter of 
 1904-1905, and gave splendid support to the 
 educational work, and from the church also 
 came magnificent assistance through the lec- 
 tures of Madam Barakhat in February, 1907, 
 and a lecture on "Hamlet" by Dr. Quayle, of 
 Chicago, on March 24, 1908, and others, and 
 finally it should be a source of great satisfac- 
 tion to the people of Philipsburg to realize 
 
 37 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 that the confidence they have placed in the 
 wisdom of former Boards of Education has 
 never been misplaced, and that the self-sacri- 
 fice the present organization is making, is 
 the sure guarantee that the interests of the 
 schools will be properly defended. 
 
 PHILIPSBURG'S FIRE COMPANIES 
 
 The Fire Companies are special objects of 
 pride and admiration on the part of the people 
 of Philipsburg. Since their establishment an 
 almost unbroken record of success and achieve- 
 ment has followed them. Their rosters have 
 always contained the best men of the town, 
 and the zeal and fervor which have always 
 characterized their work are the outgrowth of 
 an unselfish desire to do the right thing in 
 the right way for the protection of the town. 
 
 In a record of 25 years the fires with few 
 exceptions, upon which they played, never 
 broke through the walls, nor have the build- 
 ings upon which they worked, with but two 
 exceptions, ever been total losses. But one 
 inference follows this, and that is that the 
 Fire Companies of our town are among its 
 best institutions. 
 
 These Companies are following out the 
 modern idea prevalent among Fire Companies 
 that only a well equipped and managed organi- 
 zation will minimize the loss when fires occur. 
 
 Below is a list of the officers of the Re- 
 liance Fire Company and Hope Steam Fire 
 Company and their equipments : 
 
 Officers of Hope Steam Fire Company : 
 President, Edward P. Matley ; Vice President, 
 Thos. Home ; Treasurer, John C. Hamler ; 
 Recording Secretary, Frank W. Grebe ; Finan- 
 cial Secretary, Mathew Home; Chief, Frank 
 W. Grebe ; Foreman, Wm. D. Grebe ; First 
 Assistant Foreman, H. Elmer Johnson ; Sec- 
 ond Assistant Foreman, Isaac Home. Trus- 
 tees, Gray Nolan, Phil Dawson, Wm. Dennie, 
 Jr. Engineers, James McCabe, W. Heber 
 Wolf, Thos. Home, Fred Klett. Firemen, 
 Wm. McFarlin, Chas. Dukerman, Orin S. 
 Rothrock, Mathew Home, Gray Nolan. Ap- 
 paratus, 1 Silsby Steamer; 1 Hook and Lad- 
 der Truck; 3 Hose Carts; 1,800 Feet Para- 
 gon Hose. 
 
 Apparatus of Hope Fire Company: 1 La 
 France Double Piston Fire Engine; 1 La 
 France Rotary Fire Engine ; 3 Two-Wheel 
 Hose Carts ; 1,600 Feet of Paragon Fire Hose ; 
 1 Patent Eastman Fire Nozzle ; 1 Flexible 
 Play Pine; 5 Nickel Play Pipes, 1 Simee Hose 
 Coupling. 
 
 The Reliance Fire Company held its an- 
 nual election of officers last evening with the 
 following result : 
 
 Officers of Reliance Fire Company: Presi- 
 dent, Wm. Southard ; Vice President, Irvin 
 Faulkner ; Recording Secretary, Roy Flegal ; 
 Financial Secretary, H. P. Miller ; Treasurer, 
 J. F. Kephart ; Chief, H. H. Weber ; Foreman, 
 Geo. Hurley ; Assistant Foreman, C. Peightol ; 
 H. & L. Foreman, P. Ferguson ; Assistant 
 Chief of Fire Department, Frank Haines ; 
 Chief Engineer, Wm. Southard ; Trustees, Roy 
 Flegal, 1 year ; E. Faulkner, 2 years ; Chas. 
 Waple, 3 years. Janitor, H. Munson. Law- 
 
 rence L. Morgan and Frank Haines, Assist- 
 ants to Department Chief. 
 
 For 28 years Frank Weber, the present Chief, 
 has been identified with the Fire Department of 
 Philipsburg, and served 27 and one half years 
 as Chief and Assistant Chief. It would not 
 be fair, perhaps, to say that to him alone be- 
 longs the credit for the splendid condition of 
 the Fire Department, but it must be alleged 
 that his judgment in the conduct of the work 
 belonging to the department, has never been 
 excelled. 
 
 BURGESSES AND COUNCELMEN 
 
 1905. — Burgess, Jacob Swires ; Council, 
 George H. Richards, President; C. E. Coun- 
 sel, W. B. Brown, J. O. Reed, J. A. Walton, 
 E. E. Hagerty, George Stott, H. D. Rumber- 
 ger, A. B. Herd. 
 
 1906. — Burgess, Jacob Swires ; Council, J- 
 O. Reed, President; W. B. Wigton, Calvin 
 Jones, E. E. Hagerty, S. B. Parker, George 
 Stott, A. B. Herd, H. D. Rumberger; C. W. 
 Atherton. 
 
 1907.— Burgess, J. W. Stein; Council, H. 
 D. Rumberger, President; W. B. Wigton, J. 
 O. Reed, Calvin Jones, George Stott, S. B. 
 Parker, E. S. Faulkner, C. W. Atherton, H. 
 B. Scott. 
 
 1908.— J. W. Stein, Burgess; Council, H. 
 
 B. Scott, President; W. B. Wigton (resigned), 
 Calvin Jones (elected to fill vacancy), J. O. 
 Reed, L. G. Runk, S. B. Parker, E. S. Faulk- 
 ner, C. A. Gette, C. W. Atherton, David Ather- 
 ton. 
 
 The Borough Officials at present in service 
 are as follows : 
 
 Burgess, Josiah Pritchard ; President of 
 Council, Calvin Jones ; Members of Council, 
 
 C. M. Waple, First ward; 3 years; J. O. 
 Reed, First ward, 2 years ; Calvin Jones: 
 First ward, 1 year; Roy R. Rowles, Second 
 ward, 3 years ; Claude Gette, Second ward, 2 
 years ; E. S. Faulkner, Second ward, 1 year : 
 Geo. Richards, Third ward, 3 years ; David 
 Atherton, Third ward, 2 years ; H. B. Scott, 
 Third ward, 1 year; Borough Solicitor, W. 
 
 D. Crosby ; Borough Treasurer, J. E. Fry- 
 berger ; Borough Engineer, Geo. H. Ayers ; 
 Street Commissioner, Geo. W. Lucas ; Chief 
 of Police, S. M. Sankey; Assistant Police, 
 Orin Moore. 
 
 JUSTICES OF THE PEACE 
 
 John Loraine, first Justice, 1818 ; James 
 Kunnear, Samuel Way, John Matley. Henrv 
 Shultz, Thomas Hancock, James McClelland, 
 Chester Munson, David Johnson, Anderson 
 Bradin, Jesse L. Test, William McCutcheon, 
 John R. Herd, William Riddles, James F. 
 Shoop, Thomas M. Crissman, Lewis Hess, D. 
 H. Parker, B. J. La Porte, C. B. Sandford. 
 H. H. Hewitt, H. Gunther, H. C. Warfel, J. 
 
 E. Hawkins. 
 
 CEMETERIES 
 
 The new enclosure about the Old Union 
 cemetery is a splendid work of solid masonry 
 and reflects great credit upon the Council for 
 the protection and beauty the cherished land- 
 mark has gained through its action. 
 
 38 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 Veneration for the dead is the hig-hest in- 
 stinct of the human soul. This gone, man 
 sinks to the level of the brute. 
 
 The new cemetery, or the Philipsburg 
 cemetery, has received much attention within 
 the last few years, and has become a place of 
 exceedingly great beauty. 
 
 A partial list of the dead who lie in these 
 beautiful places will be found in foregoing 
 pages of the History proper of this volume, 
 but it will not be inappropriate to append a 
 list of the soldier dead who are interred in 
 these resting places, made by A. H. Waring, 
 a veteran of the Civil war : 
 
 John Adams, Andrew Ammerman. W. T. 
 Askey, Jacob Beamer, Wm. Boyd Beamer, 
 Wm. E. Beals, Reuben Bixler, John Boot, 
 George Brown, Philip Bradley, P. Hezekiah 
 Blair, Jacob Bruce, Thomas Cartwright, Wm. 
 Carson, David Carley, Cambridge Colburn, 
 David F. Copelin, Benjamin S. Grain, Francis 
 Crowell, Henry Gushard, J. C. GuUen, Robert 
 Calhoun, W. G. Davis, David Davis, Jos. 
 Dixon, Aaron DeVinney, Wm. H. Fisher, G. 
 R. Foster, Summerfield Flegal, A. H. Funk, 
 Simon Flaetz, Matthew Gowland, Wm. Y. 
 Gray, A. J. Graham, H. H. Gunther, G. F. 
 Hoop, Elias W. Hale, Thomas Handlon, H. 
 O. Hoffer, John A. Hatch, Christ G. Hirl- 
 inger, Daniel W. Hunter, J. C. Hess, John 
 Hicklen, G. W. Hamer, Amos A. Haroer, M. 
 Hardenberg, Isaac Hopkins, Thos. G. Hutch- 
 ison, Wm. E. Irvin, Andrew J. Jackson, James 
 F. Katen, David A. Kennedy, Wm. H. Kin- 
 kead, John A. Lehr, W. G. Lewis, Robert 
 Matley, John P. Matley, Jos. Meredith, A. J. 
 McCleland, J. C. McCartney, Jacob Miller, 
 R. D. McKinley, J. H. McCartney, Geo. North- 
 amer, D. C. Nelson, W. D. A. Naugle, Thos. 
 B. Potter, S. W. Paul, John Priest, Levi Rey- 
 nolds, David Rodgers, Theodore Richards, 
 Chas. Reeder, H. H. Ross, J. G. Robison, 
 Henry Rickart, Elijah Reece. Oscar Runk, 
 Francis Reed, J. C. Richards, Chas. W. Reeder, 
 W. A. Rainey, James Salsburg, Henry Stinecker, 
 Jeremiah Sankey, Lemuel Shaw, David Shontz, 
 Daniel Swab, George Simonds, F. B. Smith, 
 
 Wm. Simler, Aaron H. Smith, W. S. Starrett, 
 Sandford Tippery, John M. Test, Charles Tay- 
 'lor, Henry Vaughn, Sarnuel Wells, Henry B. 
 Wilcox, Geo. W. Wythe, Wm. Wagoner, James 
 G. Wighaman, Daniel Wilhelm, John A. Wolf, 
 Peter Weber, Fred Yocum, Geo. H. Zeigler, 
 John Newman, G. G. Pottsgrove, Wm. H. 
 McCausland, Wm. Dixon, Michael Stover. 
 
 Old cemetery, Isaac Dolph, Wm. Dolph, 
 John Howe. Isaac Harper, M. H. Jolly, John 
 Hudson, John Shimel. John J. Smith, Peter 
 Snyder, Martin Ditts, E. L. Reed. 
 
 PRESIDENT HARRISON'S VISIT 
 
 September 20th, 1890, was one of the 
 greatest days in the history of Philipsburg, for 
 it brought the opportunity of entertaining a 
 President of the United States in the person 
 of Benj. Harrison, the incumbent of that high 
 office at that time. Many men of prominence 
 had been visitors to and travelers through the 
 little mountain town, but never had a real, live 
 President been within its bounds. 
 
 At the solicitation of powerful friends, Mr. 
 Harrison, who was resting at Cresson. was 
 induced to visit this region, and at half-past 
 two o'clock the Presidential train steamed into 
 the town amid huzzas from the throats of fully 
 six thousand people. 
 
 The President's party rode in the private 
 car of Mr. Geo. B. Roberts, President of the 
 P. R. R. Stepping out to the platform on the 
 rear end of the car. Mayor Warfel addressed 
 the audience and introduced the President, 
 who made a very delightful address, and the 
 party then, in carriages provided for the pur- 
 pose, made a tour of the town. 
 
 Among the incidents upon the route were 
 when the school children at the public schools 
 refused to keep in line as ordered, in their 
 wild desire broke away and surrounded the 
 carriage of the President and the Mayor, and 
 when Mrs. Geo. B. Simler presented to the 
 distinguished guest a bouquet of beautiful 
 flowers and received his heartiest thanks. 
 
 The Old Church 
 
 By Henrietta Foster. 
 
 We say the "Old Church," yet compara- 
 tively speaking, it is not old, but is with one 
 exception the last link uniting us with the 
 early days of our town. What a host of wor- 
 shippers it would call up that now make a 
 part of the dust of the neglected graveyard. 
 
 "Each in his narrow cell forever laid. 
 The rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep." 
 
 Nature has dealt rather kindly with the old 
 building. "Tis true, the sharp tooth of time 
 has nibbled its corners, and its general appear- 
 
 ance plainly shows that the great destroyer is 
 slowly but surely completing its ruin, yet its 
 broken halls and darkened turret appeal to us 
 as worthy veneration. It is like a friend who 
 has walked with us through childhood's days 
 down to old age, losing symmetry and beauty 
 as the years relentlessly demanded this tribute. 
 The battle of Waterloo was still fresh in 
 the minds of our people, and Napoleon had 
 been a prisoner on St. Helena a little less 
 than five years when the logs were hewn for 
 
History of Philipsburg 
 
 the central or main part of the church. A few 
 years before, Mr. Hardman Philips had pre- 
 sented the town with a plot of ground for a 
 graveyard, and upon this same ground the 
 citizens decided to build. I have an old paper 
 before me upon the back of which is written : 
 "Subscriptions to Meeting House." As it may 
 be of interest to some of my readers I will 
 give the heading of this paper verbatim : 
 
 "We, the subscribers, wishing to have a 
 house built which will answer the double pur- 
 pose of a school, and place of worship to be 
 free for religious preachers of the Gospel 
 of all denominations do promise to pay to 
 William Kinnear, and Samuel Turner, the re- 
 spective sums hereunto subscribed by us to be 
 applied by them to this purpose." 
 
 The first name on the list that follows is 
 John Lorain — $10.00. He was the great grand- 
 father of our present townsman, Charles 
 Lorain, and it is doubtful if the aforesaid citi- 
 zen can produce a finer signature. Then comes 
 the names of Dewees, Test, Philips, Flegal, 
 Hancock, Simler, Ayres, McGirk, and hosts of 
 other familiar names, many of whose descend- 
 ants are still with us ; then down the list we 
 find John Lorain a second time, with addi- 
 tional subscription, Mr. Hardman Philips giv- 
 ing $25.00. This being the largest amount by 
 any one person on the paper, the smallest sum 
 $1.00. Some that could not give money gave 
 so many days' work. So the plain log house 
 was built, and was called the Union Church. 
 
 From what has been handed down orally 
 and from what I have gathered from the frag- 
 ments of old papers it was deemed necessary 
 in 1841 to repair the building. An old paper 
 relating to the work reads as follows : "The 
 roof is to be new shingled, tin spouts added, 
 inside lathed and plastered, outside to be 
 roughcast, on the west end an addition to be 
 made to contain the pulpit, communion table 
 and a vestry, the body of the church to be 
 pewed, belfry and bell to be added." For this 
 purpose a second subscription was taken of 
 $300.00. 
 
 Of course, the amount subscribed was in- 
 sufficient and Mr. Hardman Philips furnished 
 the needed money, directing the work and com- 
 pleting the building, and "Thereby hangs a 
 tale." 
 
 As the church was remodeled and planned 
 to suit the peculiar wants and conveniences 
 of a Protestant Episcopal congregation, Mr. 
 Philips wanted to claim it as the Trinity P. 
 E. Church of Philipsburg. To this the citi- 
 zens objected, claiming that Mr. Philips had 
 added extravagances utterly unnecessary for 
 a Union Church, and they refused to relinquish 
 their claim, which they considered paramount. 
 So a fight began ending in a law suit. 
 
 I will give the heading of a third subscrip- 
 tion which will better explain the situation : 
 "The Subscribers hereby agree to pay the 
 sum set opposite their names, respectively, for 
 the purpose of defraying the expense ensuing 
 in the defense of the Union Church in a suit 
 instituted by Hardman Philips to recover an 
 alleged debt against said church." In this con- 
 test James McGirk led the citizens, so it might 
 be said it was Hardman Philips vs. James Mc- 
 Girk. After rather a tedious lawsuit the citi- 
 zens were victorious and from that time it 
 remained a Union Church. The Episcopalians, 
 however, continued to worship in the church, 
 and when a clergyman was not available, Mr. 
 Philips read the service. 
 
 Hardman Philips spent a fortune here, 
 among the industries he built a screw mill, 
 which is said to have been the first in the 
 United States. It was built at Point Lookout, 
 and after operating a few years was closed, 
 because of the expense attending the hauling 
 of the iron in wagons from over the moun- 
 tains. Every vestige of the screw mill has dis- 
 appeared long years ago, but the old church 
 still stands, as I have already said, almost the 
 last of the old landmarks. The building has 
 not been without a friend in the Village Im- 
 provement Society which has spent some money 
 on it in repairs, but the task of repairing it 
 seems hopeless, as the entire structure is so 
 far decayed that repairing would literally mean 
 building a new church. Still let us do what 
 we can to preserve it as long as possible for 
 the "Days lang syne." 
 
 And now, if I may be allowed to digress, 
 I would like to pay a tribute to Mrs. Hard- 
 man Philips, for if the Protestant Episcopal 
 Church favored canonization she would have 
 been placed in the Calendar of Saints. Like 
 the Master she served, she went about doing 
 good. There were no poor that did not know 
 the sound of her coming feet, and none sick 
 that did not feel the touch of her tender 
 hands. She was greatly attached to her Amer- 
 ican home, and its surroundings, the "Philips 
 Mansion," as it was called, and how gratify- 
 ing that by its present owners it is so beauti- 
 fully kept, and all that is associated with Mrs. 
 Philips is so sacredly guarded. The woods she 
 so dearly loved, the trees grouped as pleased her 
 fancy, her children's garden, the part of the 
 grounds appropriated to her pansies, where 
 she found the quaint faces in each variety, are 
 all associated with the writer's childhood. But 
 the loveliest picture in memory's wall is her 
 face, which, though falling short of beauty's 
 standard, was illumined by the noble charac- 
 ters it revealed: 
 
 "None knew her but to love her, 
 None named her but to praise." 
 
 40 
 

MR. AND MRS. HARDMAN PHILIPS 
 
 OLD UNION CHURCH 
 
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CAPITAL $100,000,000 SURPLUS $120,000.00 
 
 UNDIVIDED PROFITS $25,000.00 
 
 OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS 
 
 GEO. W. McGAFFEY, President 
 L. W. NUTTALL, Vice Pres. J. E. FRYBERGER, Cashier 
 
 THOMAS J. LEE L. C. HARMAN 
 
 JAMES H. FRANCE CHARLES R. HOUTZ 
 
T. BAR1VE.S 
 
 P B ES 1 DENT 
 
 J.N SCHOONOVER. 
 
 Vict IRRS. 
 
 OHAS. O. AVERY 
 
 C A fi IT I f H 
 
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