fi;;t:;.!p;;:l■im^^^::i:;''. ';■;;;:; ^ :;■. !'';vVi"'''-.or(>M..r-:';;''; ::•:■, ■■■:■'■■ )')W, ■■■',,,;;?';.:■■• '■■ ' ■;• ,. ;■• ;. '\} t'jit"'*'.v .■■■.;'•''.■'•; .i ;.•■;■, liii I i II ii i::E?:| : !itKmfl(mii o. •^ ii i, ^ -s ^ 1 B ^ ^-^. -oo^ ■-^t^. V o5 -^c^. ^ x^^^ -C^' H ^,0 "-^ % ^'^ .^ .0- cv '>^'\ "= \. ,^^ \- A^^ -P \ <<• ^0 -^ <. , ^ -^ ' \#' ,0o. ^' <" A'- .0^ ff >■ ^ cV' J^ /\^C^/')l, , -^ "c^ ^^^^^' .^ 'C^'^^ .x^^' •^- "'^V -^. .-^.^ * A '^./'h. \:^ ^^ "^^^^ A- ^' • " ft -Z^ J- \ \0o X-. r\* r f3 =,1 «, *?=. v^^.^-."/"^ .^^' '^^ ■^ ' t> c ^ ■^'^ \ 1 fl ^ ^^ « X \ ^ Cao^VNo\\CL CVvj>^c\\\ ViiNVoK^^N^ dcVs^ Anna n 1 ^ i <"m . 4 . \J FOR THE USE OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCHES IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ^ublisbcb bg orbcr of tlje J^irst Council of Baltimore, WITH THE APPROBATION OF THE HOLY SEE. THIRD EDITION, CAREFULLY REVISED, AND CONSIDERABLY ENLARGED. IVITH lliliUSTRATIONS. BALTIMORE : PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY KELLY & PIET, No. 174 Baltimore Street, 1865. r <;^, oefv^^ti f\ / ^-^ • I (f^s ^••.^■"7-r. I Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1865, by KELLY & PIET, in the Clerk's Office, of the District Court of the State of Maryland. We have had this third edition of the Ceremonial care- fully revised by competent persons, and We hereby approve of the same, and recorpmend its adoption. MARTIN JOHN, ArcTiMshop of Baltimore. BALTOfORE — Feast of THE Annunciation — 1865. %nhtt. I HIS third edition of the Ceremonial is sub- stantial! j the same as that compiled bj the Right Rev. Dr. Rosati, first Bishop of St. Louis, specially approved by His Holiness Gregory XYI., on the 19th January, 1841, and formally adopted by the Plenary Coun- cil of Baltimore, held in 1852, for the use of all the churches in the United States. By direction of the Most Rev. F. P. Kenrick, D. D., late venerated Archbishop of Baltimore, many additions have been here made, that the work may be rendered still more useful. The ceremonies of Low Mass, also for that of the dead, and the manner of giving communion within the Mass, or at other times, are almost literally translated from Baldeschi, the same Rubricist from whom Dr. Rosati compiled the principal portion of the first edition. The priest who is obliged to say two Masses on the same day, will find on this subject an extract from an instruction of the Sacred Congregation of Rites, approved under the present illustrious Pope Pius IX. 6 PREFACE. The manner of singing Mass without deacon and sub-deacon, and Yespers without cope-bearers, is in accordance with approved usages of the best regu- lated churches in Italy. The mode of giving Bene- diction of the Blessed Sacrament with the Osten- sorium or Pixis is presented in a more detailed form; and in this the ceremonial of Bishops, and the various decrees of the Sacred Congregation of Rites on this subject, are strictly followed. Moreover, to preserve that uniformity which is requisite, even in the instruments for the various ceremonies of the Church, and in order to give a clearer idea of those which ought to be used, many engravings have been expressly added. These vdll be found very useful to pastors who desire to ap- proach as closely as possible to the approved Roman Ceremonial. The Gregorian notes, to guide the celebrant and sacred ministers in singing the Prayers, Epistle, Gospel, Confiteor, &c., are found in the last chapter of the Ceremonial. The miscellaneous remarks, which, in the preced- ing edition, were at the end of the book, are now either embodied in the work or given in notes under corresponding matters. CONTENTS. PART I. Ceremonies of Low Mass. Chap. Pasb. I, — Abt. I. — What is to be prepared 13 II. — On the Preparation for Mass by the Priest 15 III. — On Leaving the Sacristy 19 IV. — On approaching the Altar 21 V. — From the Commencement of the Mass to the In- troit 22 VI.— Prom the Introit to the Epistle 25 " VII.— From the Epistle to the Offertory 27 VIII.— From the Offertory to the Canon 80 IX. — From the Canon to the Consecration 35 X. — From the Consecration to the Pater Noster 40 XI. — From the Pater Noster to the Communion 43 XII. — From the Communion to the End of Mass 50 XIII.— On Votive Masses 53 II. — Order to be observed in celebrating two Masses on the same day 58 III.— Low Mass for the Dead 60 IV. — Low Mass when the Blessed Sacrament is exposed 63 V. — Of Low Mass in the presence of Prelates 65 VI. — Giving Communion - 68 Art. I. — Giving Communion during Mass 68 II. — Purification of the Ciboriam 71 III. — On giving Communion at other times 72 VII. — Manner of Serving a Priest at Low Mass 75 Art. I. — General Kemarks 75 II.— Of the Vesting of the Priest 77 III. — From the beginning of the Mass to the end of it 77 VIII.'^Manner of Serving a Bishop at Low Mass 82 8 CONTENTS. Cha-p. P^««. VIII.— Art. I. — Things to be prepared 82 II. — Of the Preparatioa and Vesting of the Bishop 88 III. — When there is but one Chaplain 88 IX. — Manner of Celebrating High Mass without Deacon or Sub- deacon 91 Art. I. — Things to be prepared 91 II.— Vesting of the Celebrant 92 III. — Ceremonies of the Mass 92 X. — Vespers sung without Cope-bearers 96 Art. I. — Things to be prepared 96 II 98 PART II. Ceremonies for Holy Week and other Festivals. Chap. Pasb. I. — Blessing of Candles on Candlemas Day 104 Art. I. — Of what is to be prepared 104 II. — Ceremonies to be performed on Candlemas Day .... 106 II. — Of the Benediction of Ashes on Ash. Wednesday 112 Art. I. — Things to be prepared 112 II. — Of the Sacred Eites to be performed 113 III.— Of Palm Sunday 116 Art. I. — What is to be prepared 116 II. — Of the Ceremonies to be performed 117 IV.— Of Maundy Thursday 125 Art. I. — What is to be prepared 125 II.— Of the Sacred Eites 126 v.— Of Good Friday 133 Art. I. — Of what is to be prepared 188 II.— Of the Sacred Eites 135 v.— Of Holy Saturday 151 Art. I. — What is to be prepared 1 51 II.— Of the Sacred Eites 162 VI. — The Asperges, when there is but one Priest 163 VII. — Benediction with the Blessed Sacrament 169 Art. I. — What is to be prepared 169 II. — Ceremonies (one Priest) 170 III. — When the officiating Priest is assisted by another Priest, &c 175 IV. — When the Bishop gives Benediction 177 CONTENTS. 9 PART III. Ceremonies of High Mass. Chap. P^qe I. — Eules to be observed by the Clergy in Choir , 168 Abt. I. — The order of going to the Choir 168 II. — The order to be observed in Choir 181 III. — Internal dispositions 184 IV. — The order to be observed in receiving Holy Com- munion 1 So V. — The order in going from the Choir 186 11. — Instructions for the Officers 187 Art. I. — Things to be prepared 187 II. — Instruction for the Censer-bearer 189 III. — Instruction for the Acolytes 193 IV. — Duty of the Master of Ceremonies. 198 V. — Instruction for the Sub-deacon 207 VI. — Instruction for the Deacon 217 VII. — Instruction for the Celebrant 228 III.— High Mass for the Dead 236 Akt. I. — Things to be prepared 236 II. — What is to be particularly observed 237 IV. — Solemn Vespers 240 Abt. I. — Things to be prepared 240 II. — General Eules to be observed 241 III. — Instruction for the Acolytes 243 IV. — Instruction for the Censer-bearer 245 V. — Instruction for the Master of Ceremonies 246 VI. — Instruction for the Cope- bearers 251 VII. — Instruction for the Celebrant 254 V. — Of solemn Vespers, and of the Procession on Corpus Christi 257 Abt. I. — Of solemn Vespers, the Blessed Sacrament exposed 257 II. — Of the Procession on Corpus Christi 262 VI. — Vespers for the Dead on the 1st of November 264 Abt. I. — Things to be prepared 264 II. — Ceremonies peculiar to these Vespers 265 PART TV. Ceremonies for the Principal Festivals. Chap. Page. I. — Feast of the Purification 26ii Art. I. — Necessary Preparations 26t) 10 CONTENTS. Chap. PAds. I. — Art. II. — From the Vesting of the Ministers to the Distribu- tion of the Candles 268 III.— From the Distribution of the Caudleis to the Pro- cession 270 IV.— The Procession , 272 II.— Ash Wednesday 275 Art. I. — Necessary Preparations. . .- 275 11. — Of the Blessing and Distribution of the Ashes. . . . 276 III.— Of the Mass 279 III. — Sundays Lastare and Gaudete 280 IV.— Palm Sunday 280 Art. I. — Preparations 280 II. — From the Beginning of the Ceremony to the Dis- tribution of the Palms 281 III.— Of the Distribution of the Palms 284 IV.— Of the Procession 286 v.— Of the Mass and Passion 289 v.— Office of the Tenebrae 293 Art. I. — Preparations 293 II. — From the Commencement to the End of the Office. 293 VI.— Maundy Thursday 295 Art. I. — Preparations , 295 II.— Of the Mass . 297 III. — Of the Procession 300 IV. — Of Vespers, and of tlie Stripping of the Altars 803 VII.— Of Good Friday 305 Art. I. — Preparations 305 II. — From the Vesting of the Ministers to the Uncover- ing of the Cross 306 III. — From tlie Uncovering of the Cress to the Procession 310 IV.— Of the Procession 314 V. — Of the remaining Pait of the Office.. 316 VIII.— Holy Saturday 321 Art. T. — Things to be prepared 821 II.— From the Benediction of the Nevi- Fire to the E.xultet 323 III. — From the Exultet to tlie Prophecies 827 IV.— From the Prophecies to the Benediction of the Baptismal Font 829 V. — From the Benediction of the Font to the Beginning of Mass 380 VI.— The Mass 834 CONTENTS 11 PART V. Ceremonies for Mass and Vespers, solemnly Celebrated BY the Bishop, or in His Presence. Chap. Pao«. I. — Solemn Pontifical Vespers 338 Art. I. — Things to be prepared 338 II. — From the entrance of the Bishop and Clergy to the beginning of Vespers 339 III. — From the beginning to the end of Vespers 340 IT. — Solemn Vespers, in th-e presence of the Bishop 343 ITT. — Complins, when the Bishop oflBciates 345 IV. — Matins, when the Bishop officiates 345 V. — Lands, when the Bishop officiates 343 VI.— Solemn Pontifical Mass 343 Art. I.— Things to be prepared 348 II. — Of the Vesting of the Clergy and of the Bishop .... 353 III.— The Pontifical Mass 858 VII. — Solemn Mass, celebrated in presence of the Bishop, dressed in Cope 871 VIII. — Solemn Mass in presence of the Bishop, in Eochet and Cape 376 IX. — Vespers for the Dead, celebrated by the Bishop 377 X. — Matins and Lauds for the Dead, celebrated by the Bishop. . 378 XL— Solemn Pontifical Mass for the Dead 379 Abt. I. — Things to be prepared 379 II. — From the beginning to the end of Mass 880 III.— The Absolution after Mass 383 XII. — Solemn Mass for the dead, in the presence of the Bishop. . . 886 XIII. — Particular Instructions for the Officers who attend the Bishop 387 Art. I. — Instruction for the assistant Priest 387 II. — Instructions for the two assistant Deacons 392 III. — Instruction for the officiating Deacon 896 IV. — Instruction for the Siib-deacon 404: V. — Instruction for the inferior Ministers 410 PART VI. Other Different Solemnities at which the Bishop Of- ficiates or is Present. Chap. Paqr I. — Commemoration of all the Faithful departed 415 II. — Sundays in Advent 416 112 Cf)NTENTS. ^^^^- Page III.— Chri-stmas 417 IV.— Festivals between Christmas and Candlemas 419 V. — Candlemas 419 VI. — Ash Wednesday , 423 VII. — Sundays in Lent 426 VIII. — Palm Sunday 426 IX. — Matins of the Tenebrse 45]^ X. — Maundy Thursday 43;!^ XI.— Good Friday 444 XII. — Holy Saturday 454 XIII. — Ceremonies to be observed in Provincial Councils 462 Art. I. — "What is to be done before it opens 462 II.— How the Metropolitan Church is to be adorned and arranged 453 III. — The opening of the Council 454 IV. — Mode of Procedure of the Council 471 V. — Second Solemn Session 473 VI. — Third Solemn Session , 475 XIV. — Ceremonies to be observed in Diocesan Synods 479 XV.— Solemn administration of the Sacrament of Confirmation. . . 485 Aet. I, — Things to be prepared 435 II. — The administration of the Sacrament 487 XVI.— Episcopal Visitation of Parishes 489 Art. I.— The Bishop's reception when he visits the Parishes 489 APPENDIX. Chap. P^qe^ I. — Forty Hours' Exposition ; 499 Art. I.— Things to be prepared for the Mass of the Exposition 499 II. — Of the Mass of the Exposition 500 III.— Of the Procession for the Exposition 503 IV. — Of the Mass p)'o Pace 507 ^"•—Things to be prepared for the Mass of the Reposition 508 VI. — Of the Mass for the Reposition 603 VII.— From the Litany to the end of the Forty Hours 514 II.— Different Intonations for Vespers and solemn Mass 518 CEREMOOTAL. PART I. CHAPTER I. Article I. WHAT IS TO BE PREPARED. On the Altar. 1. The altar, which should be of stone or marble, con- secrated by the Bishop, or, at least, having on it an altar- stone, also consecrated by the Bishop, should be covered with three clean altar-cloths. The first two, long enough to cover the whole top, and the uppermost should reach the base of the altar on both sides. {JRiib. 3Iiss.^ Part i., n. XX. 2. In the middle of the altar, a crucifix sufficiently large to be distinctly seen. (Hub., ih.) 3. At least two candlesticks, with candles, which should burn during the whole time of the Mass.* * All priests (even prelates, who are not Bishops) should have at their private Mass only two candles and one server. {S.E. C, 27th Sept., 1659.) 2 14 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 4. In front of the altar, the antipendium of the color of the vestments.* {Huh., ib.) 5. If the blessed sacrament is in the tabernacle, the canopy covering the tabernacle should also be of the color of the vestments. 6. The altar cards.f 1. At the Epistle side, the book-stand. 8. On the credence^l or any suitable place, the cruets§ with wine and water on a plate, the finger-towel and the hand-bell. Should the priest be obliged to celebrate Mass without the assistance of a server, the plate with cruets and towel should be placed on a stand, near the altar, at the Epistle side, not on the altar. In the Sacristy. 1. The sacred vestments, of the color prescribed. They should be placed on the sacristy altar, || or on the ambry ; they should be so disposed that the priest may find them orderly as he vests. The chasuble should be adjusted first, so that the lower half of the front part will hang down from the ambry, and the lower part of the back be folded over the upper part. Il^ext, the stole, folded in four parts, should be laid across the chasuble, and the maniple across the stole. The girdle, in a * As tlie Avord antipendium is generally accepted to signify altar-veil, or frontal, it shall be made use of in this manual. t "Tabernaculura, in quo assidue Divinissima servatur Eucharistia conopes serico, vol simili materiae vestiri debet, ejus item coloris cujus est altaris Pallium ; quanquam pro colore nigro violaceus con- gruentior erit in honorem Christ! viventis." {Merati.) X Credence, generally used for the side table near the altar. § Cruets should be of glass, not of silver. (Gavan., P. 1, 7, xx.) II St. Charles Borromeo recommends that the altar or ambry, on which the sacred vestments are laid, be covered with a white linen cloth. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 15 serpentine form, should be placed on the maniple. The upper part of the alb should lie on the vestments, and over it the amice extended, the strings of which may be arranged on the amice itself. 2. The Missal.* 3. The chalice,! mass-bread, the purificator, the chalice- veil, the pall, and the burse with the corporal in it. 4. The priest's cap near the vestments, not ou them, nor on the chalice. 5. A surplice for the server. -^ Article II. On the Preparation for 3fass by the Priest. 1. The priest, wishing to celebrate the most Holy Sacrifice, should prepare himself by prayer. Aliquan- tulum orationi vacet. {Miib. Miss.) He should also have said matins and lauds. 2. The suitable prayers for the occasion are those sug- gested by the Church, and laid down in the Missal, that is, the anthem, ne reminiscaris^ with the Psalms and * If there is no sacristy, the sacred vestments are prepared on a table near the altar, or, if there is no table, on the Gospel side of the altar itself, not in the middle of it, unites a Bishop is to celebrate. {Rub. Miss.) t The chalice ought not to be carried to the altar, and fixed on it by any person before Mass, bnt the priest ought to carry it himself to the altar, not before he goes thither to begin Mass, but when vested with the sacred vestments he goes from the sacristy, or from the place where he dressed, to the altar, as directed. (lb.., tit. ii., n. 1.) " Sacer- dos omnibus paramentis indutus accipit manu sinis-tra calicem ut supra prseparatum, quern portat elevatum ante pectus, bursam manu dextra super calice tenens, et facta reverentia cruci, et capite cooperto accedit ad altare cum ministro, cum Missali," &c. ; any contrary custom is to be looked upon as an abuse, which should be abolished. (See S. G. B., n. 4285.) 16 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. prayers that follow them. Should the priest say these prayers, he will take notice that the aDthem above named is said entirely on feasts of double rite; and during Paschal time the Alleluia is added to it. 3. It is well not to omit the pious protestation, Ego volo celebrare niissam. By reciting this, not only he can gain the indulgences annexed to it, but he can make his memento. {Hah. 3Iiss.) 4. The priest, clad in his cassock, opens the Missal, and marks the places of the Mass and prayers, that he may not lose time at the altar. {Hub. Miss.) After which, he waslies his hands, saying at the same time, in a low voice. Da Domine, &g. 5. Having washed his hands, he prepares the chalice by placing on it a clean puriticator,* in such a way that it will hang equally on both sides. On the purificator he places the 23aten, and on the paten, the Host, which should be round, entire, and free from loose particles, to remove which, the priest will pass his thumb and fore- finger around the edge. {Hub. Miss.) Then he puts on it the pall,f which he covers with the veil. If the veil * A piece of linen about twelve inches square, folded iu four parts, with u small cross worked in the middle ; it is not blessed, and should not be starched. t According to the Eubric, the pall should be of linen. Formerly the -paW formed a part of the cori)oral, which was large enough to cover the chalice. The inconvenience of its being too light can be obviated by having it made out of a piece of linen about eleven inches square, folded into four equal parts, sewed up at the edges, and well starched. "In sacrificio missre uti non licet palla a parte superior! drapo serico cooperta:" {S. R. C, 2d Jan., 1701.) Nevertheless, by a late decision of the S. R. C, the pall may be of silk cloth, ornamented on the outside, while the inside is of linen ; but it should not be black. "Pennitti posse, dummodo palla linea subnecta calicem cooperiat, ac pannus su- perior non sit nigri coloris, aut referat aliqua mortis signa." {S. B. (7., 10th Jan. 1852.) CEKEM0NIE3 OF LOW MASS. 17 is not large enough to cover the whole chalice, he will arrange it so that it will hide that part of the chalice that will be towards the people while going to the altar. Last of all, he places the burse, containing the corporal,* on the veil. The opening of it should be towards him- self as he proceeds to the altar. Nothing should be laid on the burse. {S. C. B., 1st Sept., 1703.) 6. Everthing being prepared, the priest goes to the vestments. He will do well to make the sign of the cross, although the Rubric does not say so. If he does, he should make it without the amice in his hand. He then takes the amice by the two corners where the strings are connected, raises it so that he may kiss the cross supposed to be in the middle of the amice ; he puts it on his head by adroitly turning his right hand over his left, saying at the same time, Impone Domine^ &c. ; and as he continues the prayers, he adjusts the amice around his neck, so that every article of his neck-dr*s be en- tirely covered by it; and after crossing the strings uj^on his breast, the left being under the right, he passes them behind, and ties them in front with a loose knot.f {JRtib. Miss.) * The corporal should be of beautiful linen, very clean, and starched. It should have a small cross worked in the middle, but not with gold or silver. It is generally folded by bending first one-third of it over, so as to cover the second third part; again, the other third folded over the first. Then one-third of its length over the middle third part, and the last part bent over the rest. A corporal will be found suifi.- ciently large, if it be from twenty-two to twenty-four inches square. The corporal is blessed as well as the pall, t In putting on the amice, he ought not to forget that the object of it is to cover entirely the usual dress, and that part of the cassock v/hich is near the collar, and the collar itself; and, therefore, he ought to put it on so as to answer this purpose as directed. (/<{>., tit. i,, n. 3.) "Ac primum accipiens amictum circa extremitates et chordulas, oscula- tur illud in medio ubi est crux et ponit super caput, et mox declinat ad 18 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 7. He puts on the alb (without kissing it) by passing it over liis head ; then he introduces his right arm into the right sleeve, and his left into the other sleeve. He adjusts it about his neck, and fits it around so that it descends about one inch above the floor all around, at the same time saying, Dealha me Domine^ &c. i^Ruh. Miss.) 8. As he girds himself with the cincture,* he says, JPrwcinge me, &g. {Uuh. Hiss.) The common practice is to leave the tassels hanging down as low as possible, to be able afterwards to fasten the stole with the two ends of the cord. 9. He takes the maniple and kisses the cross on it, and passing it ovpt his left arm fastens it between the hand and the elbow, saying, 3Ierear Doinine, &g. 10. Then having taken the stole, he kisses the cross on it, and, with both hands, he passes it over his head, fits it around his neck, so that both ends of the stole hang d(mn at equal distances. Afterwards he crosses both ends of the stole, first passing towards his right the end that hangs on his left side, and drawing over it the other end which hangs upon his right. Then he confines the stole with the extremities of the cincture, which he allows to hang on each side under his arms, and not behind his back. In the meantime he says, Medde milii D online, &g. 11. Lastly, he puts on the chasuble without kissing it, saying, Domine, qui dixisti, &c. He will take care to coUum, et eo vestium collaria circmn.tegens^'' &c. The first Comicil of BaltimoTe has strictly enjoined the observance of this Rubric. ludusia vero privati apparatus sub amictu et alba lateant, ita ut non indecoro vel muudauo more appareant. {Con. Bait. 1, Deer. 24.) * Cinctures are made in the shape of round cord, of linen thread, not of silk or cotton. Congrucntior est uti ciugulo lineo. (aS. R. C., u. 343G, ad. 7.) CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 19 :fit it around the neck and shoulders, and tie it in front with the strings. He may then fasten a white clean handkerchief to the cincture, but it should not be visible beneath the chasuble. Article III. On Leaving the Sacristy. 12. The priest being vested, puts on his cap. Then, taking with his left hand the chahce^^e?' nodum^ he lays his right flatly on the burse, holding the chalice before his breast, not, however, too far, or too near himself, but in a natural position. He makes a low bow* to the cross or image in the Sacristy, and, preceded by the server, he proceeds to the altar, with a grave and modest deportment, his mind and heart occupied with the great mystery he is going to celebrate. 13. It is a laudable custom for the priest to take holy water and make the sign of the cross. {S. H, (7., 9th April, 1808.) Nevertheless, the Rubric does not pre- scribe it. 14. On going to the altar, if the priest passes before the tabernacle containing the Blessed Sacrament, he will make a genuflection} without removing his cap. If he passes before the high altar, he makes a low bow to the cross. Should he pass before an altar where there is a * Kabriciaiis distinguish three kinds of bows : the low, the moderate, and the simple. A low bow is made by bending the head and the shoulders, so that the person making it could touch his knees with the extremities of his lingers. The moderate is made- by sufficiently lowering the head, and somewhat bending the shoulders. The simple bow consists in simply bending the head, without perceptibly moving the shoulders. t A simple genuflection is made by bending the right knee to thi ,Eoor, as near as possible to the left foot. 20 cp:eemonies of low mass. relic of a saint whose feast is celebrated, or some other remarkable relic, he makes a low bow, without taking his cap off. (Hub. Miss.) If it be a relic of the true cross, he will make a genuflection with his head covered. (S.B. a, YthMay, 1766.) 15. If he should pass before the Blessed Sacrament exposed, or at the time of the elevation, or when Holy Communion is given, he will take off his cap, and kneel on both knees, being sure in the last two-named instances, not to rise until after the elevation, or before the priest giving communion has returned to the altar, and placed the ciborium on the corporal. {BAib. Miss.) If, how- ever, in the latter case, the communicants should be too numerous, a genuflection on both knees will be suflacient, without remaining until the end. {S. JR. G.^ 5th July, 1698.) 16. When on these occasions the priest takes oflf his cap, either he will give it to the server to hold, until he is to i-)ut it on again, or he will hold it between his thumb and forefinger, with the opening of it towards himself, and with the last two fingers holding the burse, that it may not fall. 17. While the priest is going to, or coming from the altar, he should salute no one, except his Bishop or other great prelates, or some distinguished person, and then he should do so by a simple bow. He will do the same on meeting another priest, clad in sacred vestments, going to or retuining from saying mass. If the two priests meet in a narrow passage, the one returning will give way to the one going to celebrate. 18. If, perchance, the priest should go to, or return from the altar, without the chalice (whenever he is to bow or make a genuflection), he should take oflf his cap. % ^ CEREMONIKS OF LOW MASS. 21 Article IV. On Apiwoaching the Altar. 19. The priest having reached the foot of the altar on which he is to celebrate, he stops in the middle, takes off his cap, gives it to the server, and makes a low bow to the cross. If the Blessed Sacrament be in the taber- nacle, he makes a genuflection on the floor, not on the step. {RuJ). Miss.^ Part ii., Rit. iii., n. 1.) 20. Then he ascends the steps, and having arrived in front of the middle of the altar,* without making any bow, he places the chalice ou the Gospel side. If the veil, being large, is turned over the burse, he will lower it immediately, with both hands. Then he takes the burse, brings it to the middle of the altar, holds it with his left hand, and with his right he takes the corporal from it, which he lays on the altar ; after which, with his right hand, he will place the burse at the Gospel side, against the gracilis, so that the aperture of it be towards the tabernacle, unless some figure be marked on it, requiring another position. His left hand he will keep on the altar.f 21. Then Avith both hands he will spread out entirely the corporal in the middle of the altar, sufficiently, but not too near the edge, that neither the maniple nor the chasuble may disturb it. *Some Rubricists direct that tlie priest, upon arriving at the altar, should make a bow to the cross. Kevertheless, neither the Rubrics of the Missal, nor any decree of the Sacred Congregation, makes such a prescription. t As a general rule, when only one harfd is employed, the other is kept on the altar; before the consecration and after communion, off the corporal ; from the consecration to the communion, on the corporal. 22 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 22. Having spread the corporal, with his left hand he will take the chalice per nodum^ and, putting his right on the chalice covered with the veil, he will place it in the middle of the corporal at such a distance that he may afterwards conveniently kiss the altar* without touching the chalice. He will be careful to extend the lower extremities of the veil, that the chalice may not be seen. (aS. R, (7., 12th Jan., 1669.) After this, with- out making any bow, having his hands joined, he goes to the Epistle side,f opens the Missal where the Mass of the day is to be found {Huh. Miss.^ n. 4), and then returns with his hands joined to the centre of the altar, where, having bowed moderately to the cross, he moves his right foot a little towards the Gospel side, in order to avoid turning his back to the cross, and descends to the foot of the altar, still keeping his hands joined. (Hub. Miss.) Aeticle V. From the Commencement of the Mass to the Introit. 23, Having arrived in front of the last step, the priest * Some writers on Eubrics are of opinion that the front part of the corporal should be laid over the foot of the chalice, giving as a reason, that there might remain on the corporal some consecrated particles ; but the Eubrics of the Missal, Part 2, Art. 2, speaking of the cor- poral, says, quod extendit super altare. The general practice in JRome and' Italy is to spread it entirely. The church supposes that every priest will follow exactly the Kubrics prescribed, and that, consequently, no consecrated particles will be left on the corporal. t To join the hands, the palm and the fingers extended, of both hands, should be brought together, the thumb of the right to be crossed over the thumb of the left, except from the consecration till after the ablution. The hands, thus joined, should not be kept either too near or too far from the breast, nor too much turned towards the face, nor towards the floor, but naturally directed somewhat towards heaven. The elbows should recline gently towards the hips. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 23 turns on his right to the altar, and makes a ]^.w bow to the cross, or, if the Blessed Sacrament is in the taber- nacle, he makes a genuflection on the last step, without making any other bow. Then standing modestly erect, he will commence Mass, by making on himself the sign of the cross {Hub, 3Iiss.), pronouncing the words dis- tinctly, and sufiiciently loud to be heard by the faithful near the chapel. 24. Having signed himself,* he says, in the same tone of voice, the antiphon, Jntroibo, and the psalm, Judica me Deus. While he says the Gloria Pati% he inclines his head, and becomes erect at the ISicut erat. At the Adjutorium nostrum^ &c., he makes the sign of the cross. 25. At the Confiteoi\ he inclines profoundly, still keeping his hands joined. At the words, Vohis fratres and Vos fratres^ he does not turn towards the server, this being only done at High Mass. In saying mea culpa^ he strikes gently and unaffectedly his breast with the extremities of the fingers of his right hand, while he holds his left extended below his breast. {Hub. 3Iiss.) After the J^Iea onaxhna cidpa^ he rejoins his hands, and remains inclined until (the server having said Mis- ereatur tui., &c.) he answers, Amen^ upon which he re- sumes his former attitude. 26. The server, having terminated the Confiteoi\ the priest says, Misereatur vestry &c. ; and while he says Indulgeniiam.^ &c., he makes the sign of the cross. * He makes the sign of the cross by putting his left hand extended under his breast, then he raises his right to his forehead, and touching it with the extremity of his fingers, he says. In nomine Patris ; then, with the same hand, touching his breast, says, Et Filii ; touching his left and right shoulders, ^^ Spiritvs Sancti ; and again joining his hands, he says, Amen. 24 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. [Huh. 3Iiss.) Then, inclining moderately, he says, Deus tu coiiversus^ &c., and remains in that attitude till Or emus inclusively, which he says in the same tone of voice, extending his hands* and immediately rejoining them, and having become erect, he ascends the steps slowly, saying at the same time, in a low voice, Aufer a nobis.\ 27. Having arrived in front of the altar, he inclines moderately, puts his hands joined on the edge of the altar, so that the little fingers, joined and extended, touch the front of it, and the other fingers, being also joined and extended, rest on the top. (In this manner are the hands to be placed whenever the Rubric pre- scribes to place them joined upon the altar.) In this position, he says Oramuste, and at the words. Quorum Teliquis^hiG sunt^ he extends his hands upon the altar, on either side of the corporal, and kisses the altar. J After which he becomes erect, joins his hands, and turns towards the Epistle side, to which place he goes to com- mence the Introit^ without making any bow to the cross. * la extending the hands, the priest should not allow them to pass the width of his body. + The Missal (with many Eubricists) does not prescribe any eleva- tion of the hands in this case. The ceremonial of Bishops, however, enjoins it, perhaps only for Bishops ; nevertheless, it would seem that priests could also do so. X It is to be remarked, that whenever the priest kisses the altar, he does so in the middle, not on one side, nor on the edge of it ; and that to do this properly, he should neither be too near, nor too far from the altar, lest he be awkward or afi'ected. Neither is it suiiicient in these cases to put the lingers on the altar, and it is too much to place the wrists there ; yet it is required to lay the hands on the altar- cloth. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 25 Article VI. From, the Introit to the Epistle. 28. Having arrived opposite to the Missal,he commences the Introit aloud, making on himself the sign of the cross, and then having joined his hands, he continues in the same tone of voice ;* as he says Gloria Patri, &c., he makes a simple bow to the cross, turning himself a little towards it, without, however, moving his feet. Should the holy name of Jesus occur during the In- troit, he bows to the cross. If the name of Mary is mentioned, or the Saint whose feast is celebrated on that day, he bows towards the book. After the Sicut erat^ he repeats the Introit, but does not make the sign of the cross. 29. At the end of the Introit^ he returns to the middle, having his hands joined ; and, facing the chalice, he says alternately with the server, the Kyrie. {Rub. 3Iiss.) 30. After the last I{^yrie^ if there are no prophecies to be read, and the Gloria is to be said, he will disjoin the hands, and raise them as high as his shoulders, and without raising the eyes, he says, Gloria in excelsis, &c., and in the same tone of voice, in saying Z>eo, he joins the hands again, making a simple bow to the cross, and remains in that position till the end of the Gloria. At the words, Adoramus te^ Gratias agimus tibi, Jesu Christe^ Suscipe deprecation em nostram^ he makes a simple bow to the cross. Whilst he says Gmn Sancto Spiritu^ &c., he makes the sign of the cross on himself, * Sufficiently so to be heard by the faithful who assist near tho altar. 3 26 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. and having said Amen^^ he kisses the altar in the usual way, joining his hands afterwards. 31. If there are Prophecies to be read, as is the case on the Ember days, the priest, after the .fi^ne" (with- out making any bow), returns to the Missal, and says Oremics^ &g. He reads the Prophecies in the same tone of voice, having at the same time both his hands either on the Missal, or on the stand. The Prophecies being concluded, he returns to the middle of the altar to say the Gloria. 32. After having kissed the altar, the priest becomes erect, turns on his right, facing the people, and extend- ing his hands and rejoining them again, he says Domi- nus vobiscum.j- (Hub. Miss.) 33. Then he returns towards the Missal as before, he extends the hands, and rejoining them, he says, Oreinus, at the same time making a simple bow towards the cross ; and again extending his hands not higher than, nor beyond his shoulders, as has been already said. J 34. At the conclusion of the prayer or prayers, when Per Dominum nostrum is to be said, the priest shall join * Some Eubricians are of opinion, that at the word Amen, the priest should join his hands, but as the Missal and Baldeschi (whom we fol- low) are silent on the subject, we think it better to omit the joining of the hands. t Whenever the priest says Dominus vobiscum, he does not look at the people, nor does he raise or lower the hands, and in extending them, he does not bring them beyond the limits of his body, but simply opens them so that the palm and fingers of one hand face the other, and rejoins them again. Neither does he bend the head towards the people, nor does he rest his back against the altar. X The same thing is to be done whenever Oremus is to be said, unless something else is prescribed. Also, in pronouncing that word, care should be taken not to prolong the letter 0, nor should it be said in any way affectedly. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. ' 27 his hands, and bow simply to the cross ; he shall remain erect, with hands joined, till. the end of the conclusion of the prayer. If, however, the prayer concludes with the words, Qui vivis et regnas^ or, Qui tecum vivit et regnat^ without making any bow, he joins the hands while saying, In unitate Spiritus Sancti. {Hub. Miss.) 35. When there is more than one prayer, he says Oremus only at the commencement of the first and of the second, so, also, the conclusion is said at the end of the first prayer and of the last. If, during the prayers, he pronounces the holy name of Jesus, or of Mary, or the Saint whose feast is cele- brated that day, or the name of the Pope, he makes a simple bow, in the first case to the cross, in the others towards the Missal.* Aeticle VII. From the Epistle to the Offertory. 36. At the end of the prayer or prayers, the priest reads the Epistle in the same tone of voice, having his hands on the book or book-stand, in such a manner, however, that he touches the Missal. {Hub. Miss.) If, in reading the Epistle, he happens to pronounce the holy name of Jesus, he will bow as was said before. If he is to make a genuflection, as is the case when he says. In nom,ine Jesii geniifiectatur, &c., or, Adjuva nos Deus, he bends only the right knee to the floor. The last words of the Epistle he may say in a lower tone, as an * lu the prayer, A cunctis^ the Patron Saint to be named is that of the phice hi which he celebrates. The name of the saint, founder of the community to which the priest happens to belong, is mentioned after tliat of the Patron Saint of the place. 28 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. indication to the server that he is to answer, Deo Gra- tias, but he should not turn his head towards him. After which, he reads, in the same former tone of voice, the gradual, the tract, or the sequentia, if these are to be read. 37. This done, he goes with his hands joined to the middle of the altar, where, having raised his eyes to the cross, he inclines profoundly, keeping his hands joined between his breast and the altar, and in that attitude he says, Mu7ida cor vneum. Then, Jube Domine^ &c. {Bub. Miss.) 38. Should there be no server, the priest will move the Missal to the Gospel side, so that the opening of it be somewhat towards the middle of the altar. In mov- ing the book, he makes a simple bow to the cross, and having adjusted it in its place, he returns to the middle to say the prayer above named. (Hub. Miss.) 39. The prayer being over, he becomes erect, and having his hands joined, he goes to the book, his face turned partially towards the Gospel side, and in the same loud tone of voice he says, Domimis vobiscum. In saying Seqiientia or Initium Sancti Evangelii^ he disjoins his hands, and with the thumb of his right, the linger extended, he makes a cross on the commencement of the Gospel he is to read, at the same time keeping bis left hand extended on the Missal. (S. H. C, l7th Sept., 1816.) Then he forms a cross with the same thumb on his forehead, his lips, and his breast, holding his left hand on his breast. (Hub. Miss., n. 2.) 40. After this, he joins his hands, and continues to read the Gospel in the same tone of voice. Should the holy name of Jesus, or any other name at which (ac- cording to what has been said before) he is to bow, be CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 29 mentioned, he does so towards the book. So, also, should he be required to make a genuflection, it is to be made towards the book, his hands supported on the altar. {Rub,^ iL) The Gospel being read, he raises the Missal with both hands, at the same time bending a little over it, and kisses the commencement of the same Gospel, saying, in a low voice, JPer Evangelica dicta^ &c. 41. When he is to read the JPassion, he makes a simple bow to the cross, as he goes from the Epistle 8ide to the Gospel; he reads the passion in the same attitude as at the Gospel, without, however, making any sign of the cross. At the words, JEonisit Spiritum^ he kneels on both knees, his hands supported upon the altar, and again joins his hands, in which position he meditates for a few moments on the passion of our Lord. Then, resting his hands on the altar, he rises, rejoins the hands, and continues to read until where he is to say the munda cor meiim^ which he says in the middle of the altar, in the same attitude prescribed above. After the munda cor nieum^ he returns to the book, his hands being joined, and finishes reading the Passion ; at the end of which (except on Good Friday) he kisses the Missal as above, saying, I^er Evangelica dicta, &q. 42. Having kissed, the Missal, he replaces it on the stand, and, with both hands, he takes the stand with the Missal on it, and brings it nearer to the corporal, placing it so that he may conveniently read in it thereafter, and having rejoined his hands, he returns to the middle. 43. There (if the Comedo is to be said) he extends his hands, raises them (not higher than his shoulders) at the word Credo, and joins them again at the words. In iinum Deum, making at the same time a simple bow to the cross. In this position he continues the Credo to 3* 30 CKREMONIES OF LOW MASS. the end, in the same tone of voice, except that at the words, Et lncar7iatiis est^ having placed the hands upon the altar, on either side of the corporal, he makes a genuflection with his right knee only {S. R. C, 22d Aug., 1818) in such a manner that, by commencing it at the £Jt Xncarnatus, he touches the floor with bis knee at the words ^t Ho'rno f actus est ; as he makes the genu- flection, he does not bend his head. He makes a bow at Siniul adoratur ; whilst he says JEt vitaon, &g., he makes on himself the sign of the cross, as at the end of the Gloria. Article VIII. From the Offertory to the Canon. 44. After the Credo^ if it has been said, or after hav- ing arranged the Missal, the priest kisses the altar; and, turning towards the people, he says, Dominus vobis- cum. He turns again to the altar, and, with the usual moving of the hands and bowing of the head, he says, Oremus^ and keeping his hands joined, he reads the Offertory. {Rub. Miss.) 45. At the end of the Offertory, he removes the veil from the chalice with both hands, folds it, and places it at the right hand, near the corporal, on which he may afterwards place the pall, if he chooses, or, without fold- ing it, he gives it to the server. Then, having placed his left hand on the altar, near the corporal, he takes the ch^ilice per nodu7n with his right, and places it at the right side of the corporal.* Then, with the same hand, he removes the pall from the paten, and places it on the * If tie chalice is not purified, be puts the pall first, where the chalice h-. to be placed. CEKEMONIES OF LOW MASS. 31 folded veil, or on the corporal against the altar-card.* Then, taking the paten, upon which the Host is, between the thumb and the forefinger of his right hand, he brings it ojDposite to him, over and in the middle of the cor- poral, at the height of his breast, and there he takes it also with the thumb and forefinger of his left hand, in such a manner that the paten is supported by the named four fingers at equal distances from each other, and that the other fingers are extended and joined underneath it ; after this, he raises his eyes, immediately lowering them on the Host, and says, jSuscipe, Sancte Pater, &q. {Hub. Miss.) 46. The prayer being entirely finished, still holding the paten in the same manner, but nearer to the corporal, he forms a cross in straight lines of about eight inches in length ; then bending the paten towards the corporal, he causes the Host to slide on the middle of the anterior part of the corporal. Then he places the paten some- what under the corporal, at the right, holding at the same time his left hand on the altar.f {Hub. Miss.) If there are small hosts to consecrate, either in a Ci- borium,! or on the corporal, he directs his intention to the ofi*ering of them, having previously opened the Ciborium, and drawn it nearer towards the middle. Before saying Suscipe, &c., he covers it, and places it back in its former position, after having located the paten under the corporal. If he should be presented *It is always with the right hand that the priest uncovers and covers the chalice. tit is not permitted to make any marks with the paten, or anything else, on the Host. X According to Oaxantns, De Men-suns, the Ciborium should have a veil or cover made out of rich materials, either of silk or silver, or eveo gold cloth, through respect for the Blessed Sacrament. 32 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. with any small Hosts at that moment, he places them on the paten, and, after the Oflertory, he puts it on the corporal, a little higher up than the Host, at the Gospel side. 47. N'ext, having joined his hands, he repairs to the Epistle side. From there, he takes the chalice per no- dum with the left hand, brings it before him, and, with the fingers of his right hand, he puts a portion of the corporal in the cup of the chalice, and purifies it, while he holds it with his left hand. 48. Then, holding the chalice, with his left hand on the altar, he places the purificator between the cup and the thumb of his left hand, that it may serve to gather drops which might fall from the cruets. Then, with his right hand, he receives the cruet with wine from the server, and pours a sufiicient quantity of it in the Chalice.* Then, having returned the cruet to the server, he forms with the same hand, extended, a cross over the cruet containing water, saying, Deus qui huinanm siibstantim. He takes the same cruet, and pours a little water in the chalice,f saying, at the same time, Da nobis per hujus aquce et viiii mysterium {Hub. Miss., n. 4), he returns the cruet to the server, continuing the prayer, taking care to make a simple bow towards "the cross, at the holy name of Jesus. It is advisable to ab- sorb with the purificator the drops within the chalice, * It is generally supposed, that the quantity of the wine should cover tlie bottom of the chalice, or such quantity that the priest, in consuming it, may be able, without effort, to take it all at one draught without lowering the hand (tmo liaustu). ^ t The quantity of water poured in the chalice should be very small, thr^e or four drops of it are sufficient, and should be less than the third part of the wine. (See Pope Eugenius IV.y in Decnto pro Armenis.) CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 33 that might have gathered around the cup. (S. M. (7., nh Sept., 1816.) 49. This done, he places the chalice sufficiently near the corporal with his left hand, goes to the middle of the altar, and lays the purificator, folded in two, on that part of the paten that remains outside of the corporal. Then, having placed his left hand on the altar, he takes with his right the chalice per nodum^ carries it over the cor- poral, and advances his left hand under the foot of it ; then, holding it raised, so that the top of it may not be higher than his eyes, he says, Offerimus tihi Domine^ &c., looking at the cross the whole time of that offering. {Mub.^ ih.) 50. After the Offerimus^ the priest forms with the chalice a cross over the corporal, without passing over the Host. Then, having placed the chalice in the middle of the corporal, behind the Host, he covers it with the pall. (Hub., ih.) 51. Then he inclines moderately, and places his joined hands on the edge of the altar, and says. In Spiritu humilitatis, &g. {Rub., ib.) Having finished the prayer, he becomes erect, extends his hands, and, having raised them as high as his eyes, he joins them again, in the mean time saying, Fen^ sanctificator, &c. Then he forms a cross with his right hand over the chalice and the Host together, saying, JEt benedic hoc sacrificium tuo Sancto nomini preparatmn^ while he holds his left hand on the altar near the corporal. * When the priest is to make across over the offerings, the hands ^e first joined before his breast, and, in forming the cross, the left hand is placed on tlie altar, and the right should be straight, and the fingers united, according to the decree of the S. R. C, 24th July, 1683. Also, when the cross is made on the chalice and Host conjointly, the 34 . CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 52. After this, he joins his hands again, and goes to the Epistle side, where, a little beyond the altar, he washes the extremities of the thumbs and forefingers of his hands, at the same time saying, Lavaho^ &c., which he continues while he wipes his fingers ; and there he may stand, his hands joined, until the completion of that Psalm. 53. At the Gloria Patri he bows to the cross, whilst he goes to the middle of the altar, although he may say it on arriving there. 54. Having reached the middle of the altar, his hands joined, he raises his eyes to the cross, and having lowered them immediately, he puts his hands, joined, on the edge of the altar, inclines moderately, and says, Suscipe Sancta Trinitas ; at the end of which, extending his hands on the altar, he kisses it. 55. Then, becoming erect, and rejoining his hands, he turns to the people, and, extending and joining the hands, as at the Doniinus voMscum, with a voice a little louder, he says. Orate Fratres ; and, having re- joined his hands, he turns to the altar by the Gospel side, making the complete circle, and saying, at the same time, in a low voice, ut meum ac vestrum sacrijicium^ &c. {Mub.^ ib.) The server having answered, Suscipiat^ &c., the priest answers, to himselfj Amen. ■ 56. Here he extends his hands, as at the prayers, and, without saying Oremus^ he reads the Secrets in a low voice. The number of these should equal that of the prayers said before the Epistle. If there is only one of first Hue is commenced from the middle of the pall, and, without low- ering the hand, it is drawn over the Host ; and the second, or the transversal line, is drawn between the Host and the chalice, from one corner of the pall to the other, or not any longer than the first line. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 35 them, he does not read the conclusion, but stops after having said, Spiritus Sancti Dens. If there are more than one, he will say the conclusion of the first, saying, also. Amen ; and at the conclusion of the last Secret^ he stops at the above-named words, which are considered as the commencement of the Preface. Then he turns the pages of the Missal for the Preface with his left hand, whilst his right is laid on the altar, off the corpo- ral, unless, through necessity, he should be obliged to use both hands to find the Preface. 57. Having found the place for the Preface, he lays both hands on the altar, and says, with a loud voice, Per omnia scecula scecMlorwn^ &c., Dozninus vobiscuon. At the sursum, corda^ he raises his extended hands as high as his breast, so that both palms face each other. At the Gratias agam/as^ he rejoins his hands without raising them any higher. At Deo nostro^ he looks at the cross and bows. {Ruh,^ ib.) 58. When he commences Vere dignmn et justum est, he opens his hands again, and holds them as he did during the prayers, until he reaches the Sanctus^ &c., whereupon he rejoins his hands, inclines moderately, and says, in a moderate voice, Sanctus, /Sanctus, &c., with- out, however, placing his hands upon the altar. At the word Denedictus, &c., he becomes erect, and makes on himself the sign of the cross in the usual manner. Aeticle IX. From the Canon to the Consecration. 59. After the sign of the cross, the priest raises his hands as high as the shoulders, and his eyes to the cross, lowering them immediately. Then, joining his hands, 36 CEEEMONIES OF LOW MASS. places them on the edge of the altar, and inclines pro- foundly, whilst he says, Te igitur^ in a low voice. {Huh. Miss.) At the words, uti accepta habeas et benedicas^ he extends his hands upon the altar, and kisses it. Then, having become erect, and joined his hands, at the words, Swc dona., &c., he makes three signs of the cross on the oiFerings conjointly, saying at the first, h(£c -^ dona., at the second, licm Hh iminera., and at the third, lime sancta ^ sacrificia illibata / and, having ex- tended his hands without joining them, he continues, J?i p7'imis quoi tibi offerimus., h salutis perpetuce ; after which, he extends his hands, and in that position he continues the Canon, in the same low tone of voice, eaying. Supra quce propitio, &c. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 4:1 73. After the words, Imnuteulatam Hostiam^ he in- clines profonndl}, and puts his hands joined on the edge of the altar, and in that .attitude he says, Supplices tero- gamus {S.B. (7., 7th Sept., 1816) till Ut quotquot\ and in saying, JEx hac altaris participatione., having extended his hands on the corporal, he kisses the altar in the middle, being careful not to touch the Host. {Huh.^ ib.) Th'Cn, becoming erect, and joining his hands at the words Sacro sanctum, Filii tui^ he places his hand on the corporal, making with the other a cross on the Host at the word, Cor-hpus., and another immediately after, on the chalice alone, at the words, Sangui^nem sump- serimus ; then, having placed his left hand under the breast, so that the thumb and forefinger do not touch the chasuble, he makes with his right hand a sign of the cross on himself, paying Or^xni henedictione eoelesti, et gratia repleaniur y and immediately after, he joins his hands before his breast, while saying, Per eundera Dom- inimi^ &C. {Rub. Miss.) 74. In saying, Meonento Doniine, h Sancti. (These crosses are formed between the chalice and himself) Then bringing the Host over the chalice, and leaning the thumb and the forefinger on the edge of the cup, he raises the chalice a little with . * In this cas'e, as well as at the Agnvs Dei, and Domine non sv,in dig^- nus, when again he is to strike liis breast, he should take care that the thumb and the forefinger shall not separate, and that they may uot touch the chasuble. (Durandus, Lib. IV., cap. 46.) OEKEMUNIES OB' LOW MASS. 43 his left hand, at the same time saying, oninis honor et gloria. Then having replaced the chalice and the Host in their respective places, he purifies his fingers over the chalice, which he covers immediately after with his right hand, at the same time holding it with his left. After which, having placed his hand extended on the corporal, he makes a genuflection. Article XI. From the Pater JVbster to the Communion. 79. The priest having lisen, with his hands still on the corporal, says aloud, Per omnia sceciila sceculorum. The server having answered Anien^ he joins his hands as usual, and says, Oremus^ at the same time bending his head somewhat to the Blessed Sacrament. Having raised his head, he continues, with hands joined, the prayer till Pater JSfoster^ when, having extended his hands before his breast, he continues the Lord's Prayer to the end, at the same time keeping his eyes fixed on the Blessed Sacrament. [Pub. Miss.) 80. The server having answered, Sed libera nos a malo., the priest says to himself. Amen. Then with his right hand he draws the paten from under the corporal, and cleans it, for which purpose he makes use of the purificator, which afterwards he places at some dis- tance from the corporal at the Epistle side. During this action his left hand is held on the corporal. Then having taken the paten between the fore and middle fingers, he holds it upright, its edges resting near the corporal, and the concave part towards the sacred Host, and tlie hand above the paten, at the same time saying, 44 ' CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. Libera nos^ &c. (Bub. Miss) In pronouncing Marios, he bows to the book. 81. In saying, Petro et Paulo^ he places his left hand under his breast, and with his right, holding the paten, he makes with it the sign of the cross on himself, at the same time that he says, Da propitius pacem in diebiis nostris. After the sign of the cross he kisses the paten, not in the middle, but on the border {S. B, (7,, 24th July, 1683), where it is not to touch the sacred Host. Then, as he continues, saying, ut ope misericordim turn, he places the paten under the Host, being helped to that effect by the forefinger of the left hand. (Bub., ib.) Then in the usual manner he uncovers the chalice, and makes a genuflection. Having risen, he takes the Host with the thumb and forefinger of his right hand, raises it over the chalice, and with the help of the thumb and forefinger of his left hand cautiously and skilfiilly breaks it in the middle, commencing from the upper part, and saying in the mean time, Per eundem Do7ninu'm JVbs- trum tTesuni Christum Filiwrn tiiura.'^ Having divided the Host, he places the portion remaining in his right hand on the paten, still holding the other half over the chalice ; then with the thumb and forefinger of his right, he breaks a small piece from the lower part of the second half, at the same time saying. Qui tecum vivit et regnat ; and holding the small piece over the chalice, he places the portion that is in his left hand on the paten, near the other half, saying. In uyiitate Spiritus Sancti Peus. Then, with his left hand, taking the chalice per nodum, * To break it properly, it should be gently bent in and out two or three times, commencing at the top, then in the middle, and lastly at the end; and returning to the middle, bent again carefully, till it be- comes divided: In this manner there is less danger of causing small particles to break off. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 45 he says iu a loud voice, Per omnia scecula soBculorum. Amen being answered, he makes three crosses within the cup of the chalice with the small piece of the Host, saying, Pax 'h Dom^ini sit "J* sem.per vobis'hcwn. In forming these crosses he should not allow the particle to touch the chalice. The server having answered, JEt cum. spiritu tuo^ the priest lets the particle fall into the chalice, at the same time saying in a low voice, Hcec com,7nixtio^ <3b*c. Then having purified his fingers within the cup of the chalice, he covers it as usual, holding his left hand on the foot of the chalice, after which he makes a genu- flection. 82. Having risen, he inclines moderately before the Blessed Sacrament, his hands being joined between his breast and the altar ; and, in a loud voice, he says, Agnus Dei qui tollis peccata m,undi ; and, having placed his left hand on the corporal, he strikes his breast with the three fingers of his right hand that have not touched the sacred Host, at the same time saying. Miserere nobis. In the same manner (without joining th-e hands), he strikes his breast again at the second Miserere nobis, and at the Dona nobis pacem. {Pub. Miss.) Then, having joined his hands, and placed them as usual on the edge of the altar, but not on the corporal, according to the decree of the Sacred Congregation (Tth Sept., 1816), he says, in a low voice, the three prayers pre- scribed before Communion, his eyes being fixed at the same time on the Sacred Host. (Pub. 3fiss.) 83. Having said the prayers, the priest makes a gen- uflection, saying, as he rises, Panem coelestem accipiani., et nomen Domini invocabo. {Pub. Miss.) Then, with his right hand he takes both parts of the Host at the upper ends, from the paten, and places them between 46 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. the forefinger and the thumb of his left hand, in such a manner that the Host preserves its rotundity as much as possible. After this, he takes the paten with his right hand between himself and the chalice, a little above the corporal, and also being somewhat inclined towards the middle of the altar, without resting the left elbow on it, he says three times, in a moderate voice, Domine^ non sum digmis, &c., slightly striking his breast with the last three fingers of his right hand as many times. Then he continues, in a low voice, Z7i intres, &c. {Hub, il/z'ss., n. 4.)* 84. Having become erect, he places one part of the Sacred Host on the other ; then, with the thumb and forefinger of his right hand, having taken both parts of the Host, thus joined at the bottom, he forms a perpen- dicular cross, at the same time holding the paten under it. He does not raise the Host so high as to allow the people to see it, nor does he pass the limits of the paten in drawing the transversal line ; while he forms the cross, he says. Corpus Domini nostri Jesu Christi (inclining at the word Jesu) custodiat anim^am. meam, in vitam, mternam,. Amen. (Hub., ib.) After this, he inclines moderately, rests his elbows on the edge of the altar ; and, thus inclined, and holding the paten under the Host, he communicates by reverently introducing the Sacred Host into his mouth.f Should the Host adhere to the * To give himself time to pronounce these words, the priest may lay his right hand on the corporal, immediately after striking the breast, or he may move the hand slowly as he pronounces the words. {BaldescJii.) t Rubricians differ in describing the method of communicating. It would be extremely difficult to reduce to practice what some of them prescribe on the subject. It is sufficient to say, that such an action is to be done with as much respect and reverence, and, at the same time, fl^s unaffectedly as possible. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 4:7 palate, he must use his tongue, not his fingers to loosen it. 85. Having received the Sacred Host, the priest be- comes erect, lays the paten on the corporal near the edge of the altar, and joins his hands, which he raises towards his chin, without touching it, and his head being a little inclined, he meditates for a few moments. {Hiib.^ ih.) 86. After a short meditation, he lays the left hand on the foot of the chalice, and, with the right, takes the pall from the chalice, saying, in a low voice. Quid retri- huam Domino pro omnibus quae retfihuit m^ihi f and makes a genuflection. Then, having taken the paten between the first and the second fingers of the right hand, and holding it inclined, he passes it gently several times from right to left over the corporal, to gather the fragments that might have fallen on it, for that pur- pose, raising, with his left hand, the extremity of the corporal. {Huh.^ ih) 87. Having gathered the fragments, he brings the paten over the chalice, and, holding it there, sufiiciently inclined, he takes it between the first and second fingers of his left hand, as near as he can to the place where he held it with his right hand ; then, with the thumb and forefinger of his right, rubs the paten from top to bot- tom, so as to bring all the fragments into the chalice ; then rubs the same thumb and forefinger together in the middle of the chalice-cup, in order to remove any particle that may have remained on them. [Rub.^ ih.) Here the priest places his left hand (still holding the paten) on the corporal, and, with the three free fingers of his right, he takes the chalice under the nodus^ saying, Calicem Salutaris, &c., till salvus ero^ inclus- ively. Then he raises the chalice until the top of it 48 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. reaches his forehead, and with it he forms a perpendic- ular cross, in the same manner as he did with the Sacred Host, saying, at the same time, Sanguis Doniini nostri^ &c., and bowing at the word Jesu. (Jiub., ib., iV^ S.) He then raises the paten under his chin, and brings the chalice to his mouth to receive the precious blood, which he does uno vel duplici haustu^ together with the par- ticle previously placed in the chalice. It is well to re- mark, that it is more becoming to hold the chalice steady to the mouth than to move it oif and replace it again while the priest consumes the precious blood. 88. Having received the precious blood, or after the communion of the people,* the priest having laid on the corporal his left hand holding the paten, presents the chalice to the server, in order to receive wine for the purification, and at the same time he saj^s. Quod ore sumjJsim.KS^ &c. Then he takes the wine, holding the paten under his chin, as he did in consuming the pre- cious blood. {Hub., ib.)f * Attention should be paid to renew frequently the sacred species preserved in the Ciborium. St. Charles Borronieo ordained that they should be renewed every eighth day, Tbe Sacred Congregation (3d Sept., 1662) prescribed the same thing. "In renovatione quae quoli- het octavo die fieri debet de Augustissimo Sacramento," &c. Clement VIII. (Const. Sanctissimus, 81 Mali, 1595) says, that the sacred species should be renewed at least every fifteen days, and more frequently in damp places. " HostijE consecrat^e post quindecim dies ad summum (quod in loeis humidis, praesertim pluvioso aut liiemato tempore, fre- quentius fieri debet), una cum niinutissimis fragmentorum particulis, quae in ciborio remanserunt, a sacerdote consumentur, et in ipsum ci- borium, aut pyxidem, ab illisfragmentis et particulis mundatam, nova3 hostise consecrataa reponantur; nee unquam illjfi recentes cum his ve- tustioribus misceantur." The same thing is to be observed regarding the Sacred Host, which is kept for Benediction. + From a letter of Fius V., 8th January, 1571, quoted by Benedict XIV. (de Sacvif. Miss., lib. 2, ch. 21), we gather that the quantity of CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 49 89. After receiving the purification, he puts the chalice and the paten on the corporal, so that the chalice be in the middle, and the paten a little towards the Gospel side; then taking the chalice below the cup with the three last fingers of both hands, he puts the thumbs and forefingers, still joined, over the cup of the chalice, and in this manner he carries the chalice to the Epistle side, where, having placed it on the altar, the server pours on the fingers wine and water, wliile the priest says. Cor- pus tumn Dornine^ &c. It is well to remark that the Rubric says, ahluit i^olllces et indices^ therefore the priest not only washes the extremities of the fingers, but the fingers, b)' rubbing tliem against each other, as the server j^ours wine and water on them. Then holding the chalice in the same manner, he carries it near the purificator, where he places it ; and still keeping the thumb and forefinger of the left hand on the cup, he takes the purificator with his riglit, and places it on the fingers of his left, and as he goes to the middle of the altar he dries his four fingers with the purificator. 90. Having reached the middle of the altar, he places the purificator between the thumb and the forefinger, so as to cover the fingers of the left hand, and witli his right he takes the chalice ^:»er iioduin^ and takes the last ablution, at the same time holding the purificator under his chin. Then he puts the chalice in the middle of the corporal, wipes his lips gently with the purificator, and with the same in his right hand wipes the interior of the ■wine poured in the clialice for the purification should be at least equal to that consecrated ; also that the purification should be received at that part of the chalice where the precious blood was taken. Should, however, the wine for the purification happen to be less, it will suffice to move the chalice gently, so that it may touch the parts where the Blessed Sacrament reached. 5 50 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. cup of the chalice, holding it by the nodus with his left. 91. Lastly, the chalice being dried, he places it at the Gospel side (but not on the corporal) ; he extends the purilicator over the cup as before, and places on it the paten and the pall. Having folded the corporal with both hands, and taken the burse with his right hand, he puts in it the corporal, which he lays on the middle of the altar. Then he covers the chalice with the veil, on which he places the burse, and taking the chalice with both hands, he puts it in the middle of the altar, and adjusts the veil in front as at the commencement of Mass. {Ruh.^ ih.; and from the Sac. Con.^ 5th March, 1698.) Then he joins his hands and goes to the Epistle side, whither the server should have removed the Missal.* Article XII. From the Communion until the Mid of Mass, 92. Having arrived at the Epistle side, the priest, with his hands still joined, reads the Communion in a low voice; then he returns to the middle of the altar, kisses it, turns to the people and says in a loud voice, Dominus vohiscum. He rejoins his hands, returns to the Missal, and reads the jorayer (or prayers) in the same manner and order in which he had previously read at the commencement of Mass. 93. At the end of the conclusion of the last prayer (unless there is a proper Gospel to be read), the priest *The Sacred Congregation, consulted by the Bishop of Tuy: " Au in Missis privatis, permitti possit ministro si fiierit sacerdos, vel Dia- conus, vel Subdiaconus, iit praeparet calicem, et ipsiim extergat in fine post oblationes sicut in Missa solemni?" Answered: " Negative, et serventur Kubricse." (7th Sept., 1816, no. 4376, ad. 12.) \ CERKMONIES OF LOW MASS. 51 closes the book in such a manner that the leaves be turned towards the chalice. 94. Then he goes to the middle of the altar, kisses it, and tm-ning towards the people, he says, Dominus vo- Mscuni / and having rejoined his hands, he says, Jte Missa est, or if the season or particular Mass requires it, he says, JBenedicmmis Domino. And in this case he says it turned towards the altar. 95. Having said Ite Missa est, he turns to the altar, inclines moderately with his joined hands on the edge of the altar, and says in a low voice, JPlactat tibi Sancta Tri7iitas. {Hub. Miss.) 96. Then he kisses the altar, and having risen, he raises his eyes, extending his hands (which he has ele- vated as high as his shoulders), and then joining them again before his breast, he says, Benedicat vos omnipo- tens Deus ; at this last word he inclines his head, and turns by the Epistle side towards the people, having his hands joined, and his eyes modestly lowered. Then having placed his hand extended below his breast, he blesses the people with his right hand, by forming a cross, and saying in a loud voice, Pater et Filius, et Spiritus Sanctus. To give the blessing properly and unaffectedly, he extends his right hand, having all the fingers united, and the little finger turned towards the people ; then with- out precipitancy drawing a straight line from his eyes to his breast, he says, Pater et Filius ; he raises his hand vertically to his shoulders, and crosses the first line transversely from left to right, saying, Et S>piritus Sanctus. Then he rejoins his hands, and turns towards the Gospel side to the altar corner to say the Gospel of St. John. 52 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 9*7. The last Gospel is read in the same tone of voice, and with the same ceremonies as the first GosjDel, except that, when the Gospel of St. John is read, in saying, Initium Sancti Enayigelii^ the priest forms the cross. on the altar, or on the card instead of the book. At the Et Verhum caro factum est^ he makes a genuflec- tion, having the hands extended, and laid on the altar. He also makes a genuflection, if, on reading other Gos- pels, there are words requiring it, as is the case on the feast of the Epiphany. 98. The Gospel being ended, the priest goes, with his hands joined, to the middle of the altar, takes the chalice by the nodus with his left hand, puts his right on the burse, and, turning on his right, he descends to the foot of the altar, where he makes a profound bow; or a genuflection on the floor, if the Blessed Sacrament be in the tabernacle. Having risen, he takes the cap presented to him by the server. As he leaves the altar, lie says the anthem Triian Puerorum^ — the whole of it when the Mass is of double rite ; or only commences it, when the Mass is semidouble ; to which, in Paschal time, he adds Alleluija. Then he says the JBenedictus, Laiidate DoininiLtn in Sanctis ejus. {Huh. Miss.) 99. On arriving in the sacristy, he makes a low bow to the cross or other image; then he places the chalice in the sacristy altar, or press, takes off" his cap and un- robes. In taking off the vestments, he observes the contrary order from that observed in vesting ; for in re- moving the alb, he draws ofl" the left sleeve first, then passes the alb over his head, and, lastly, draws ofi" the right sleeve. He then kisses the cross on the stole, maniple, and amice, as he did when vesting. 100. Finally, having washed his hands (a praiseworthy CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 53 practice, not ordered by the Rubric, but recoramended by most Rubricists), without speaking to any person, he goes to make his thanksgiving. If he vested at the altar, he unvests there also, at the Gospel side, as soon as he has read the Gospel, without previously returning to the middle of the altar. Aeticle XIII. I On Votive Masses.* 101. A votive Mass is one which a priest celebrates for his own devotion, or to comply with the wishes of the faithful, if such Mass differ from that prescribed by the Rubric, or if it do not accord with the Office. There ought to be a legitimate reason for a votive Mass, and it cannot be said on all days.f The Masses for the dead are classed among votive on Sundays ; Doubles ; during the octaves of Christmas, Masses. Generally, requiem Masses are prohibited Epiphany, Easter, Pentecost, and Corpus Christi ; on Ash Wednesday ; during Holy Week, and on the vigils of Christmas, Epiphany, and Pentecost. 102. Votive Masses, generally speaking, are prohibited on days when requie^n Masses cannot be celebrated. Newly ordained priests who are charged by the Bishop to say three Masses — one of -the Holy Ghost, the other * This article is transcribed from the Ceremonies of Low Mass by Eev. James Hughes. t Although the Mass, on Doubles, ought to accord with the Office, there is an exception for Quarter Tense Saturdays, on which a Bishop, if he confer Holy Orders, always says the Ferial Mass. This is an ancient usage, confirmed by many decrees of the Congregation of S. Kites. These are three in the general Collection. (11th July, 1739 ; 21st March, 1744; 11th Feb., 1764; n. 8942, 4004, and 4171.) 6* 54 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. of the Blessed Virgin, and the third for the departed faithful, after their first Mass — can wait for the days on which these Masses may be celebrated ; but the obliga- tion is discharged by applying the Mass of the day to the intention prescribed, and by adding the oration of the votive Mass, after those of precept, if the Rubric permit it. If the faithful request a votive Mass to be cel- ebrated on a day when it is not allowed, the obligation is discharged by saying the Mass of the day. 103. One solemn requiem Mass can be celebrated, if the body be present, on all days, except on the more solemn festivals of the first class and of precept, on the festival of the Titular, and on the three last days of Holy Week.* If an interment occur on such days, and if Mass can be said, the oration for the dead is not added after that of the day. 104. The Church considers that more latitude ought also to be given for saying the Mass Pro S2^07iso et 8ponsa in which the nuptial benediction is conferred. The decree on this subject, dated the 20th of December, 1783, was confirmed by Pius YL, on the 7th of January, 1784, and the same PontiflT orders its publica- tion and observance in the entire catholic world. This is the text: "In celebratione nuptiarura quae fit extra diem Dominicum, vel alium diem festum de praecepto, seu in quo occurrat Duplex primse vel secundas classis ; etiamsi fiat Officium et Missa de Festo Duplici per an- num, sive majori, sive minori ; dicendam esse Missam pro Sponso et Sponsa, in fine Missalis post alias Missas votivas specialiter assignatam : in diebus vero Dominicis, aliisque diebus festis de prajcepto, ac Duplicibus primaB ♦Decrees of 5th July, 1698 ; 11th Aug., 1736 ; 29th Jan., 1752 ; 8th April, 1808 ; n. 3328, 3901, 4074, ad 12 et 13, 4357, ad I. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 55 et secundae classis, dicendam esse Missam de Festo, cum Commemoratione Missse pro Sponso et Sponsa."* Another decree of the 28th of February, referring to this, orders the Rubrics of votive Masses to be ob- served in the above-mentioned Mass : that is, to omit Gloria in excelsis and Credo^ and to say three orations. 105. In votive Masses, those for the dead excepted, the psalm Judica and Gloria Patri at the Lavaho are said, even at votive Masses of the passion, or of the cross, which may happen to be celebrated in Passion time. But Gloria in excelsis is ordinarily omitted, ex- cept at Masses of the Blessed Virgin on Saturday, at Masses of angels, and at those of the Saints on the day of their death, which is considered as a species of fes- tival.f It is likewise said at solemn votive Masses cele- brated for some weighty cause,;|; unless violet ornaments are used. 106. Three orations are ordinarily said. The first is that of the votive Mass ; the second is that of the office ; and the third, that which would, have been said in the second place in the Mass of the day, unless some com- memoration is to be made. When the Blessed Sacra- * This decree has been inserted in the Eituale Bomanum ; it is n. 4266 in the Collection. The other decree is n. 4394. It is easy to infer that the above Mass cannot be said on days which exclude either the greater or lesser Doubles ; for instance, the entire octave of the Epiphany, the vigil of Pentecost, &c. t Eomsee, after Gavantus. X By Masses 'pro re gravi the Congregation of Eites means those at which the Bishop and clergy, &c., assist. (Dec. of 19th May, 1607; n. 204, ad 14.) Clothing or religious profession is not to be reckoned among the causes which Warrant the singing of a votive Mass of the Holy Ghost, on a Sunday or a Double. (Dec. of 24th July, 1683, n. 2060, ad 5.) Kubricians give the same decision regarding the first Masses of newly-ordained priests, and the Masses of the fiftieth year. {^mt. sac. ad usum DicEC, MecTilm.) 56 CEKEMONIPJS OF LOW MASS. ment is exposed, the oration thereof is always added. If a votive Mass de B. Y. Maria be said, the third ora- tion is de, Spiritu Sancto. 107. During Advent, Alleluia and its versicle are said at votive Masses, though not at ferial ones ; and at the times of Septuagesima and Lent the tract is said, though not said at all ferial Masses in these times. 108. The Credo is generally omitted at votive Masses. At solemn Masses ^wo re gravis it may be sung ; if, how- ever, violet ornaments be used, the Credo must be omitted, unless it be a Sunday. The Credo is not said in private votive Masses, during an octave. 109. If the votive Mass have a proper preface, it is said ; if not, the common preface is used, or that of the time or of an octave, if there be a proper preface for either. For the Co'inmunicantes^ see the note of no. V. In votive Masses the Gospel of St. John is always said. WTiite vestments are used at votive Masses De SS. Trinitate, De SS. EucharistiaB Sacramento, De S. Maria, De Angelis, In Annivers. Elect, seu Consecr. Episcopi, Pro Sponso et Sponsa ; red, at Masses De Spiritu Sancto, De Sancta Cruce, De SS. Apost., Pro eligendo S. Pontifice ; violet, at those De Pass. D. N". J. C. Ad tollendum Schisma, Pro quacumque necessi- tate ; and at the eight other votive Masses which follow in the Missal. At those of saints, the color is the same as on their feasts ; and at requiem Masses it is always black. 110. We can refer to this article the Mass which a priest ought to celebrate in a Church where the office differs from his own. What Mass then ought a priest OKKIOMONIKS OF IX)W MASS. 57 to celebrate wliere the ordo difters from his own, either with regard to tlie rite of a feast, or the day on which it is fixed ? 111. If he say Mass in a church, where a festival is celebrated solemnly and with concourse of people, for instance, on the feast of its patron or on the day of its dedication, he ought to conform to the rite and to the color of this Church. He would, even do better to say the Mass of such Church, without taking any notice of his own office, unless on a Sunday or a privileged feria, a commemoration of which is never omitted. If he celebrate High Mass, on a day of obligation, or even on a day when devotion attracts a concourse of people, he is obliged to follow, exclusively, the rite of the Church where he is, without paying any attention to the office he has recited. 112. If he go, through devotion, to say Mass in a Church where the festival of a saint is solemnly cele- brated, he can say the proper Mass, if it have been granted to the whole Church ; or, if not, he can say the common. This has been decided, with some exceptions, by many decrees of the Congregation of Sacred Rites.* 113. On other days, not celebrated with such solem- nity, if the color be the same as that of his own church, he can say Mass conformably to his office. 114. If the office of the place be of double rite, or if votive or requiem Masses be inconsistent with the office of the place, he must conform at least to the color. If his own office be of double rite, he cannot say a votive Mass, although the office of the place be com- * See Traite des SS. Mysteres, eh. 12, n. 5. 58 CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. patible with it ; nor a requiem Mass, unless there be in the same Church, on that day, solemn Exequies for the dead.* CHAPTER II. ORDEK TO BE OBSERVED IN CELEBRATING TWO MASSES ON THE SAME DAY. 1. When a priest is authorized to say two Masses (which can only be done on Sundays and feasts of obli- gation), in order to afford an opportunity for a consider- able number of people to comply with the precept of assisting at the Holy Sacrifice, he may be much per- plexed as to how he should act with regard to the chalice and the ablution of the fingers, especially if he has to say the second Mass in another Church, and at some distance. The Sacred Congregation of Rites, in an in- struction approved by Pope Pius IX. the 11th day of March, 1858, prescribes that when a priest is obliged to celebrate Mass in two different Churches on the same day, he should, in consuming the precious blood (during the first Mass), use the utmost diligence to take the whole of it. Then he places the chalice on the corporal, covers it with the pall, and with his hands joined, stand- ing in the middle of the altar, he says, Quod ore sump- simiis. After which, drawing towards him the little water vase, he washes his fingers, saying at the same * All these rules have been extracted from several decrees of the Congregation of Eites ; 11th June, 1701; 4th Sept., 1745; 7th May, 1746; 29th Jan., 1752; n. 3437, ad 2, et 3 ; 4026, ad 8; 4032, ad. 13; 4074, ad 10, et 11. See also Eomsee, torn. 1, art. 5, and torn. 5, u, 89. CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. 69 time, Corpus tiium Domine^ &c., and then wipes them. The chalice being still on the corporal, removing the pall, he places on it the pm-ificator, then the paten, the pall, and lastly the veil. He then continues the Mass, and having finished. reading the last Gospel, goes to the middle of the altar, where, uncovering the chalice, he examines whether any of the precious blood has col- lected at the bottom, which often happens, for although the sacred species were at first carefully consumed, nevertheless, in the very act of consuming, drops are spread around the surface, and will not collect at the bottom until the chalice is again in its position for a while. If, then, there still remains a drop of the divine blood, he will carefully take it from the same side of the chalice from which he had consumed. He should by all means do so, as the sacrifice still morally lasts, and by divine precept is to be completed by the consumma- tion of the species still existing. After this, the priest Avill pour into the chalice at least as much water as he had before poured wine, and by gently moving the chalice cause the water to pass around, and then empty it in the vessel used for that purpose by the same side of the chalice from which he received the precious blood. Then wiping the chalice Avith the purificator, he covers it as usual, and leaves the altar. 2. The priest having unvested and made his thanks- giving, if he is to say mass on the following day, in the same place, he will preserve that water, and pour it in the chalice at the second purification; or he wiU cause it to be absorbed by raw cotton, or tow, which he burns ; or if it be left to evaporate, he puts it in the Sacrarium^ or in the Piscina. 3. This chalice having been used by the priest, being 60 LOW MASS FOE THE DEAD. now purified, if he needs it for the second Mass he can take it with him, or he can use another. {jS. M. (7., 11th March, 1858.) 4. When a priest is obhged to say two Masses in the same Church, having received the precious blood, and covered the chahce with the pall, he says the Quod ore^ &c., and washes his fingers with water while saying, Corpus iuum^ &c. He then covers the chalice as di- rected above, and at the end of the Gospel he consumes the drops of the precious blood that may still remain in the chalice ; he then covers the chalice with the purifi- cator, paten, and pall, and then places it in the taber- nacle, with the usual genuflections. Then having joined his hands he leaves the altar. 5. Having said the offertory of the second Mass, the priest extends the corporal on the altar, opens the taber- nacle door, makes a genuflection, and takes out the chalice, being careful to place it on the corporal, or on the pall. After communion, having received from the server the last ablution, he adds to it the water with which he purified his fingers at the first Mass, and then continues as usual. CHAPTER III. LOW MASS FOR THE DEAD.* 1. There should be no flowers on the altar. The antipendium must be black, without any emblems of *Low Mass for the dead, even proesente cadavere, cannot be said on Sundays, festivals of double rite, nor during the octaves of Christmas, LOW MASS FOR THF: DEAD. 61 death either on it or around the altar. The canopy of the tabernacle ought to be removed, unless the color of it be purple. The vestments should be black. 2. At the commencement of Mass, the priest having made the sign of the cross and said the anthem Introibo^ omits the psalm Judica and the Gloria Patri^ &c., and says, Adjutorium Nostrum in Nomine Domini^ making at the same time the sign of the cross. 3. He does not make the sign of the cross at the In- troit, but having placed the left hand on the Missal (or on the altar), with the right extended, he makes the sign of the cross on the Missal, without, however, touch- ing it. Instead of the Gloria Patri^ he says, Requiem (Eternum,^ &c. The Gloria in Mccelsis is not said. {Hub, Miss.^ part ii., rit, xiii,) 4. At the Munda cor meum^ the Jube Domine^ with Dominus sit^ &c., are omitted. After the Gospel he does not kiss the book, nor does he say. Per Evangelica^ &Q. {Rub.^ ib.) 5. While saying J)eus qui humanoB substantive^ he does not bless the water ; at the end of the Psalm La- vabo he omits the Gloria Patri, without saying any thing in its place. {Rub.^ ib.) 6. At the Agnus Dei.^ instead of saying miserere nobis^ he says. Dona eis 7'equie9n / and at the third he says, Dona eis requiem sempiternam. He does not strike his breast in pronouncing these words, but keeps his hands joined before him, without touching the altar. Eplphaay, Easter, Pentecost, and Corpus Christi, nor on the vigils of Christmas, Epiphany, Pentecost, or on Ash-Wednesday, nor during Holy Week. " Missas privatas de requiem, etiam corpore presente et insepulto, dici non possunt diebus quibus fit de officio duplici, vel aliis a Rubrica exceptis." {S. R. 6% 29th Jan., 1752.) 6 62 LOW MASS FOR THE DEAD. 7. He omits the first of the three prayers before Com- miinion. (Hub., ib.)^ 8. At the end of the Mass, instead of Tte missa est, he. says, JReqmesca7it in pace, turned towards the altar, not. to the people. [Hub., ib.) Having said the prayer JPlaceat, he does not say JBenedicat vos, nor does he give the blessing to the people (even had he given com- munion during Mass), but goes to the Gospel side of the altar, where he says, Domimis vobiscum, and the Gos- pel of St. John. 9. It is to be remarked, that as often as only one prayer is to be said, the Dies irce should be said ; and this occurs, 1st, on All Souls' Pay ; 2d, on the day of the death or interment ; 3d, on the third, seventh, and thirtieth day after interment, and on the first anniver- sary, which are called privileged days for the dead. * * Communion may be given at Masses for the dead, either with par- ticles consecrated at the same Mass, or with others which had been reserved in the tabernacle, provided there be no custom having force of law to the contrary in the diocese. This conclusion is drawn from the fact that there are a number of conflicting decrees about this mat- ter. Benedict XIV., in his book De Saci^ificio Missoe (lib. 3„ cap. 18, n. 10, 11, 12), holds that communion may be given at Masses of the dead either with particles consecrated at Mass, or with others reserved in the tabernacle. This he maintains, notwithstanding the decree of the S. (7., 2d September, 1741, wliich says: " In paramentis nigri colo- ns non ministratur Eucharistia per modum Sacrameuti, scilicet, cum particulis praeconsecratis extrahendo pyxidem e custodia; potest tamen ministrari per modum sacriticii prout est quando Fidelibus prasbetiir communionem cum particulis intra eandam missam conse- oratis." The master of ceremonies of the Cathedral of Palermo having consulted the Sacred Congregation to learn whether he ought to follow Benedict XIV. or the above-mentioned decree, the answer given on the 12th of April, 1823, was, that the decision was referred until after a special examination of the question : from which answer the editor of the collection of decrees concludes, that every Church should conform to what has been hitherto practised therein. CEKEMOKIES OF LOW MASS. 63 CHAPTER IV. LOW MASS WHEN THE BLESSED SACRAMENT IS EXPOSED. 1. It should be remarked, that it would be better not to celebrate Low Mass a-t an altar on which the Blessed Sacrament is exposed, according to the ceremonial of Bishops (lib. i., ch. xii., sec. 9), which states, that the discipline of the Church is very ancient, to which the practice of the Patriarchal Churches of Rome, and of the best regulated churches, is conformable. Never- theless, when there is a just reason to celebrate at such an altar, the following ceremonies should be exactly ob- served. 2. In going to the altar, as soon as the priest comes in sight of the Blessed Sacrament, he takes off his cap, and gives it to the server. Being arrived at the foot of the altar, he kneels on both knees, and bows profoundly; he then ascends the altar, sets the chalice thereon, makes a genuflection only on one knee (which kind of genuflec- tion is made when it is to be made on the platform), and arranges the corporal and chalice. He again makes a genuflection, goes to the Epistle side, opens the Missal, returns to the middle, makes a genuflection, and turning a little towards the Gospel side, he descends to the foot of the steps, makes a genuflection on one knee only, and, without bowing, begins Mass. -3. After the confession, without making a genuflec- tion, he goes up to the altar, and makes there a genu- flection, before he commences the Oramiis te Dotnine, 64r • CEREMONIES OF LOW MASS. After the Oranvris^ he again makes a genuflection, and goes to the Missal for the Introit. A General Mule. — A genuflection is to be made, whenever the celebrant goes from the middle to either side of the altar ; the same when he goes from either side to the middle, with this difference only, that when he goes from the middle, he first kisses the altar or per- forms any action prescribed, and then makes the genu- flection, this being the last thing to be done. When he leaves any side to go to the middle, the first act on ar- riving there is to make the genuflection, then to kiss the altar, or perform any other duty. 4. At the Dominus vohiscum, he turns back a little towards the Gospel side ; and only half turned towom^nw5 voMscum^ re- cites the five other prayers that follow. 14. In the mean time, the first acolyte puts fire in the censer, and takes the incense-boat. 15. Whilst the celebrant says the fifth prayer, the third acolyte, having made a genuflection towards the altar, takes from the side-table the holy-water vase, and with the censer-bearer goes to the celebrant. 16. The celebrant, attended by the second acolyte, puts incense in the censer, and blesses it. 17. Then he sprinkles the palms thrice, saying, in a low voice, Asperges me^ &c., without Miserere, and in- censes them. 18. The celebrant says again, Dominns vobiscum, and then the sixth prayer. 19. The first acolyte carries back to the sacristy the censer, and the second and third acolytes remain with the celebrant. 20. The celebrant addresses to the congregation an appropriate instruction. Section II. — Of the Distribution of the Palms, 1. The first acolyte carries from the side table the palms for the celebrant and the acolytes, and lays them on the altar. 2. The celebrant, having bowed to the cross, kneels in the middle of the platform before the altar, and takes 120 PALM SUNDAY. his palm from the altar ; kisses it, and hands it to the first acolyte.* 3. He goes to the Epistle side, and recites with the acolytes the anthem, Pueri JECehrmorum^ &c 4. Then, having bowed to the cross, he turns towards the people, and distributes the palms, first to priests, if any are present, then to the acolytes, who all kneel on the edge of the platform of the altar, beginning from the first in dignity, at the Epistle side ; they all kiss, first the palm, then the hand of the celebrant. 5. The celebrant goes down from the altar, bows be- fore it, and goes to the railing of the sanctuary, at the Epistle side. 6. Then the palms are handed to him by the first aco- lyte, and he distributes them, first to the men, and then to the women. 7. After the distribution, the celebrant, standing on the floor of the sanctuary, attended by two acolytes, washes his hands. 8. He goes by the front steps to the altar, and at the Epistle side says, Domimis voMscum, and the- last prayer. 9. In the mean time, the first acolyte ties with a violet ribbon a palm on the top of the processional cross. 10. After the prayer, the first acolyte gives to the celebrant and to the other acolytes the palms, and a copy of this Ceremonial, to read what is to be recited at the procession. * la case another priest is present, the palm should be given by him to the celebrant, as it has been said of the candle, on the feast of Puri- fication. PROCESSION. 121 Section III. — Of the Procession, 1. The celebrant, holding the palm in his hands, turns towards the people, and says in the middle of the altar^ JProcedamus in pace. The acolytes answer, In nomine Christie amen. And the celebrant begins, Cum appro- pinquaret^ &c. 2. The acolyte with the cross walks first ; then the celebrant, between two acolytes, reciting alternately, in a loud voice, the following anthems divided into verses. 3. The procession goes by the right side out of the principal door ; they recite the following Anthem, Cum appropinquaret Dominus Jerosolymam : misit duos ex discipulis suis, dicens : lie in castellum, quod contra vos est : et invenietis pul- lum asince alUgatum^ super quem nullus hominum sedit: Solvite eum : et adducite mihi. Si quis vos interrogaverit^ dicite : opus Domino est. Solventes adduxerunt ad Jesum : et imposuerunt illi vesti- menta sua, et sedit super eum. Alii expanderunt vestimenta sua in via : alii ramos de arborihus sternehant. Et qui sequehantur, clamahant : Hosanna, henedictus qui venit in nomine Domini. Benedictum regnum patris nostri David : Hosanna in ex- celsis : miserere nobis, fili David. Another Anthem. Cum audiisset populus, quia Jesus venit Jerosolymam : acceperunt ramos palmarum^ 11 122 PALM SUNDAY. Et exierunt ei ohviam : et clamabant pueri dicentes : Hie est, qui v-enturus est in solutem populi. Hie est salus nostra^ et redemptio Israel. Quantus est iste : eui throni et dominationes occurrunt ! Noli timere, filia Sion, ecce Hex tuus venit tibi sedens super pullum asince ; sicut scriptum est. Salve^ Fabricator mundi : qui venisti redimere nos. Another Anthem. Ante sex dies solemnis Paschce : quando venit Dominus in civitatem Jerusalem, Occurrerunt ei pueri; et in manibus portabant ramos palmarum. Et elamabant voce magnob dicentes : Hosanna in excelsis, JBenedictus qui venisti in multitudine misericordice turn : Hosanna in excelsis. Another Anthem. Occurrunt turbce cum Jloribus et palmis Redemptori oh- viam : et victori triumphanti digna dant obsequia. Filium Dei ore gentes prcedicant : et in laudem Christi voces tonant per nubila : Hosanna in excelsis. Another Anthem, ' Turba multa, quce convenerat ad diem festum : clama" bant Domino : Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini : Hosanna in ex- celsis. 1. The first acolyte, carrying the cross, stops before the principal door, having his face turned towards it. 2. The second and third acolytes go into the church, shut the door, and turning towards the procession, say, Gloria, laus et honor Tibi sit, rex Christe Medemptor : Cut puerile decus prompsit hosanna pium. PROCESSION. 123 3. The celebrant outside of the church, turning to- wards the door, and having on his cap, repeats, Gloria, laus et honor, <&c. Clerks, Israel es Tu Hex, Davidis et inclyia proles, no- mine qui in Domini, Rex henedicte, venis. Cel. Gloria, etcs qui nobis sub /Sacramento &c., he puts on the stole, goes up to the altar, and, with the usual genuflections, he takes the monstrance, places it on the corporal, extended in the middle of the altar, and makes another genuflection. Then he goes down, kneels on the lowest step, and takes off the stole. In the mean time the benediction-veil is extended on the shoulders of the officiating priest by a clerk, or by the censer-bearer. Then the assisting priest, and the clerk at the left of the officiating clergyman, if there is any, bow, rise, and ascend the steps, at the same time raising a little the lower part of the vestments of the officiating priest, as he goes to bless the people. While he makes a genuflection on the platform, they kneel on the edge of the same. During the benediction, they support the borders of the cope, each on his side, keeping profound- ly inclined at the same time. 5. After the benediction, the assisting priest puts on the stole, rises, goes to the altar, and makes a genuflec- tion at the same time that tlie officiating priest, having reached the floor, kneels on the lowest step. Then he takes the Blessed Sacrament out of the monstrance, and puts it in the tabernacle. Then he makes another genuflection, closes the door of the tabernacle, folds the corporal, places it in the burse, and, having gone down to his place, he takes off* the stole and kisses it. Then, having given the cap to the officiating priest, with the BKNEDICTION. 177 usual kisses, he makes with him a genuflection on the floor, and all return to the sacristy. 6. Sliould there be a deacon and sub-deacon dressed in dahiiatics, as they go from the sacristy to the altar, and from the altar to the sacristy, the deacon at the right, and the sub-deacon at the left of the officiating priest, they relieve the borders of the cope. The deacon makes the exposition of the Blessed Sacrament, and re- places it in the tabernacle, unless there is another priest for that purpose. They assist the officiating priest to put incense in the censer, instead of the above-named priest. They hold the book before him while he sings the prayers, but they do so kneeling. The officiating priest takes the monstrance to give benediction without the assistance of the deacon. Aeticle IV. WHEN THE BISHOP GIVES BENEDICTION. 1. Besides the preparations mentioned in Art. I., the following things are to be prepared : The cope, stole, pectoral cross, cincture, alb, amice, mitre, and, if the Bishop is in his diocese, the crosier.* Also, the hand candlestick with a candle in. (These articles are pre- pared instead of the vestments for the priest.) On the lowest step of the altar a cushion. 2. The same ceremonies are observed as when a priest gives benediction, with the following particulars :f The Bishop, having put on the amice, alb, cincture, pectoral * Should the Bishop wash his hands, the pitcher, basin with water, and a towel, are prepared. 178 BENEDICTION. cross, stole, cope, and mitre, takes the crosier, if he be in his diocese, to the sanctuary, preceded by the censer- bearer, torch-bearers, master of ceremonies, deacon and sub-deacon dressed with dalmatics, relieving the borders of the cope. Then follow the crosier-bearer and mitre- bearer. 3. On arriving at the foot of the altar, the Bishop gives the crosier, and the mitre is taken off by the dea- con, then he makes a genuflection on the floor,* for which purpose the master of ceremonies will put the cushion, and replace it on the lowest step, on which the Bishop kneels. 4. The benediction veil having been put on the Bishop's shoulder, he bows profoundly, rises, with the deacon and sub-deacon, and with them ascends the steps, while they raise his alb in front. Then he kneels with the sub- deacon at his left, on the edge of the platform, where the master of ceremonies has previously put the cushion. Meanwhile the deacon, having made a genuflection on the platform, takes the monstrance, keeping the fore- part of it towards himself, and standing, gives the Blessed Sacrament into the hands of the Bishop, who then rises, and, without saying any thing, blesses the people with three signs of the cross, f ^. 6., the first on the Epistle side, the next in the middle of the altar, and the third on the Gospel side. During the benediction, the deacon and sub-deacon, kneeling on the edge of the platform, raise the cope on each side. While standing, the Bishop gives the monstrance to the deacon or priest kneeling at his right, * CcBrem. Episc.^ lib. i., cla, xv., and *S'. B. (7., 12th Nov., 1831. t Ccerem, Upisc.^ lib. ii., ch. xxxiii. I BENEDICTION. 179 and, the veil being taken from his shoulders, kneels on the cushion on the lowest step.* 5. The deacon or the priest, having placed the mon- strance on the corporal, takes the Blessed Sacrament out of it, and places it in the tabernacle, with the usual genuflections. 6. After this, the Bishop takes his mitre and crosier, if he use it, makes a genuflection on the floor,f and re- turns to the sacristy. If there be no sacred ministers to assist the Bishop at the benediction with the Blessed Sacrament, he will conform to the directions found in Art. I. for the ben- ediction given by a priest in a similar case ; however, in blessing the people, he will make three signs of the cross, as explained above — n. 4. *Ib., Gardellini, sec. xxxi, 12. t lb-, lib. i., ch. XV., S. E. C. 12th Nov., 1831. CEREMOOTAL. PART III. CHAPTER I. RULES TO BE OBSERVED BY THE CLERGY IN CHOIR. Article I. The Order of going to the Choir, 1. The clergy, dressed in their cassocks and surplices, go out of the sacristy, two by two, so close together that the right shoulder of the one may almost touch the left shoulder of the other ; and they proceed gravely, with regular step, holding their caps with both hands below their breasts, each pair keeping at equal distance from the oth-er. 2. When they arrive at the altar, they make a genu- flection to the cross, both taking care to make it at the same time, and to rise slowly, and with gravity ; in this, the uniformity and decorum of the ceremonies consist. Each pair make their genuflection in the same place that the first made theirs ; it will, therefore, be necessary that those who are behind should advance slowly, so as to allow those before them, time to m?ke the genu- RULES FOR THE CHOIR. 181 flection with decorum. After the genuflection, they turn and salute each othei*, and then proceed to their place,* one on one side of the choir, the other on the other, and remain standing. Article II. The Order to he observed in Choir. 1. There are three different postures to be observed in choir, viz., to stand, sit, or kneel. When it is time to stand, all must stand, and no one must sit down or kneel ; so all must be uniform, when it is time to sit or kneel. The clergy should remember not to kneel down dur- ing the elevation at Low Masses that may be celebrated whilst they are in the choir. {Sac. Con. Mit.^ 5th Mart., 1667.) And they should conform to the directions of the master of ceremonies, in whatever regards divine worship. [Sac. Con. Mit.^ 4th June, 1817.) 2. During High Mass, the clergy remain standing, from the end of the confession, until the celebrant has * There should be no chairs in the sanctuary, except that of the Bishop, or some very distinguished personage. Priests, even Canons, jind others belonging to the clergy, should sit on benches. These should be neatly made, with high backs, especially when attached to the walls. The bench for the celebrant should be near the altar on the Epistle side, and should be sufficiently large to accommodate the celebrant, deacon, and sub-deacon. It may be richly ornamented with carved work, but should never look like a throne. " Sacerdos, Diaconus, et Subdiaconus, ceiebrantes solemniter, possunt et debent sedere in banco, dum canitur Gloria, Credo, &c. ; non obstante qualibet consuetudine." {S. R. (?., 15th Jan., 1611.) " Canonic! Missam ceiebrantes coram Episcopo, non debent sedere in sede cum postergali, sed in aliquo scamno oblongo, tapete, vel panno cooperto in latere Epistolae." (6'. R. (7., 19th Maji, 1614.) 16 182 HIGH MASS. said the Kyrie eleison^ whilst he is singing the Gloria in excelsis, and until he is seated after reciting it ; whilst he is singing the prayers ; whilst the deacon is singing the Gospel ; whilst the celebrant is singing the Doniinus vohiscum^ and the Oremus^ at the Offertory y during the incensing of the choir ; during the preface, until the Sanctus is recited ; after the elevation, until after com- munion ; at the prayer, after communion, until the end of Mass. 3. The clergy kneel from the beginning of Mass until the end of the confession ; whilst the deacon sings the Flectamiis genua^ rising again when the sub-deacon sings Levate ; whilst the sub-deacon sings in the Epistle, Jn nomine Jesu omne genu flectatur^ &c., to the word infernorum^ inclusively ; in time of Lent, at the verse, Adjuva nos / at Pentecost, at the verse, 'Fe?^^ Sancte Spiritus ; at the Verhicm caro faction est^ and at the Incarnatus est of the Credo in the Masses of Christmas and of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin ; from the Sanctus^ till after the consecration ; at the commun- ion of the clergy, after the celebrant has said Indulgen- tiam ; in the ferial Masses of Advent, Lent, ember days and vigils, which are fast days ; and in masses for the dead, at the prayers, at the Sanctus^ till the Pax Dom- ini^ inclusive ; at the Post Communio^ except the vigils of Easter, Pentecost, Christmas, and the ember days of Pentecost. {Pub. Jliss., part 1.) The clergy remain seated with their caps on, at all times when it is not pre- scribed above for them to stand or kneel. 4. The clergy take off their caps whenever they stand up ; when they are saluted by the officiating clergy, or by others, who come to and from the choir, to return the salutation ; whenever they have to bow their heads. RULES FOR THE CHOIR. 183 In the above cases, it is understood that the cap only should be taken off. Should any wear the calotte,* it is taken off also when a genuflection is made ; when the deacon sings the Gospel ; at the Incarnatus est ; when the choir is incensed ; at the consecration ; in giv- ing and receiving the I*ax y at the communion of the clergy ; when the celebrant gives the blessing. 5. They bow the head during Mass at the following times : at the Glori JPatri, till the jSicut eraf, exclusive- ly ; whilst it is sung by the choir ; when the name of Jesus or Mary, or of the saint whose office is recited, or of whom a commemoration is made, is pronounced ; and at the name of the Pope ; during tlie Gloria in ex- celsis ; at the words, Adoramus te, Gratias agimus tihi^ Jesu Christe^ Suscipe depu'ecationem nostram j during the Credo^ at the words, Jesuim Christum j adoratur j in time of the preface, at Gratias agamus Domino Deo nostra. A low bow is made when the priest gives the blessing at the end of Mass. 6. During the time of singing, all should sing in a uniform manner, not elevating or lowering the voice more than the rest, and if any be unable to keep tune, it is better to be silent. They should also be attentive not to be faster, or slower than the othei-s, but all should utter at the same time, the same syllable and note, and each one should be attentive not to get out of tune. Y. When the sub- deacon goes to give the Pax^ the first of the choir should, on his approach, bow to him, and lean his head towards his left cheek, placing at the same time, his hands under his elbows, and the sub-dea- con, laying his hands on the shoulders of the others, says, * This is a small cap, used for covering the crowa of the head, where the clerical toiisure is made. 184 HIGH MASS. Pax tecum / to which he answers, JEt cum spiritu tuo, and again bows to the sub-deacon, then turning to the one next, he gives the Pax in the same way that the sub- deacon gave it to him, and so on, each one to the one next to him. 8. The clergy in choir, should always observe silence, with modesty and recollection, shunning any thing thai might have an air of levity, or irreverence, Aeticle hi. 7%e Internal Dispositions required of those who attend the Choir. 1. A right intention to worship God purely for his glory, and not for interest or vanity. 2. Reflection on what is to be done, in order that no mistakes may be made, which are the cause of many defects. This preparation should be made before going to the choir, by reading the instructions for the cere- monies, and impressing them upon the mind by serious recollection, and, even in time of choir, at leisure mo- ments, by reflecting on what ceremony comes next, and how it is to be performed. Thus nothing will be un- foreseen, and all will be done well. 3. Attention to what is doing ; not giving way to thoughts, even if good in themselves, foreign to the pre- sent occupation, as such thoughts do not come from God, but proceed from some evil cause, to divert ns from the good we are doing. The presence of God will aid us to have proper attention, that we may apply our mind to what is done, or said, attending to the signification ; ex- citing sentiments corresponding to those, which those words express, which St. Augustin beautifully recom- RULES FOR THE CHOIK. 185 mends in his commentary on the tenth Psalm : Si orat psalmus, orate / et si gemit^ gemite / et si tim.e% timiete^ omnia enim quce hie cotiscripta sunt,, speculum nostrum, sunt. What St. Augustin recommends in singing the Psalms, we should do in regard to whatever is recited or sung in Mass, or any other sacred function. 4. Devotion is required, making us delight in those sacred duties, lest we be as those who perform them reluctantly and with tepidity, to whom that sentence is applicable : 3faledictus homo^ qui facit opus Dei negligenter. Article IV. Th£, order to he observed in receiving Holy Commxmion. 1. After all have received the Pax^ all who go to communion meet together in the middle, two by two, with their caps and calotte off, with their hands joined, bowing at the Confiteor^ and striking their breast, &g. The oflSciating clergy, who assist at Mass, communicate first ; as also the priests, if any wish to communicate, with their stoles of the color of the day. Whilst the acolytes, after their communion, are descending the side- steps on each side, the two first of the clergy, who are yet to communicate, approach, making their usual gen- uflection, on the floor, before they ascend the steps, and after descending, they separate in coming down the steps, so as to leave space for the two who follow them to communicate; and so on, throughout. All kneel on the edge of the platform to receive communion ; and, afterwards, with gravity and devotion, return to their places in the choir, and conform themselves to the rest of the clergy. If any of the laity communicate, they do 16* 186 HIGH MASS. it at the railings of the choir, or on the floor, at the foot of the altar ; and the celebrant descends to the lowest step to give them communion, beginning always at the Epistle side. 2. The same order is likewise observed in going to receive candles from the celebrant, ashes, or blessed palms, or in going to kiss sacred relics, and in similar ceremonies ; each one holding in his hand his cap and calotte, and kissing first the candle, or blessed palm, and then, the celebrant's hand. Aeticle. v. The order in going from the Choir. 1. No one should leave the choir without necessity ; in which case, he goes to the middle, makes a genuflec- tion, salutes the choir, first on the Gospel side, then at the Epistle side. If the celebrant is sitting at the Epistle side, he should bow first to that side, then to the other. The same is done when any one enters the choir after the functions have commenced ; he should, however, remain some time kneeling, saying some prayers, then make a genuflection, and bow to the choir, as mentioned above. No one should go out of the choir or enter it, whilst the celebrant is reciting the Confession, during the singing of the prayers, the Gloria Patri^ Incarnahis esty Yeni iSancte Spiritus^ Adjuva nos^ &g. Should any one enter the choir at these times, he must stop, and kneel, or stand, conforming himself to the rest of the choir : during the Confession, at the beginning of Mass, he must remain kneeling till it is finished. 2. After the service, the acolytes go out of the Sanct- uary, and after them the members of the choir ; those I INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE OFFICERS. 187 who are last on the Gospel side, and the last on the Epistle side, advance in a straight line, and meet to- - gether in the middle, make a genuflection, and turning, follow the acolytes ; the others do the same, and pro- ceed to the sacristy, in the same order as they left it. When they arrive at the sacristy, they separate ; one going on one side, and the other on the other, forming two lines : when the celebrant arrives, he bows to them, and they return a similar bow, and then with modesty, gravity, and in silence, take off their dress. CHAPTER II. INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE OFFICERS. Aeticle I. THINGS TO BE PREPARED. At the Altar. 1. The altar should be decorated according to the solemnity of the festival. 2. Six candlesticks with candles, and the cross with image of the Crucified, in the middle, prominently lo- cated. 3. Relic-cases, with relics or flowers, between the candlesticks. 4. The Antipendium and the canopy of the Taber- nacle of the color of the vestments. 5. The altar cards. 6. The book-stand, with the missal opened at the proper place. 188 HIGH MASS- On the Side-table, 1. The table is to be covered with a linen cloth. 2. A plate with the cruets containing wine and water, the finger-towel, and the hand-bell. 3. The chalice with the purificator, paten, Host, pall, covered with the chalice-veil, on which is placed the burse having in it the corporal. 4. The Gospel book, or missal, with marks in the right place. 5. The veil for the sub-deacon should cover the cha- lice, and hang down on each side of the side-table. In the Sanctuary. 1. A carpet on the steps and platform of the altar. 2. A carpet on the platform of the celebrant's bench. 3. The celebrant's bench may be covered with a green cloth. [3Ierati) In the Sacristy. 1. On the sacristy altar the sacred vestments for the celebrant: viz., chasuble, stole, maniple, alb, cincture, and amice. 2. On each side of the chasuble the dalmatics for the deacon and sub-deacon, the stole for the deacon, two cinctures, two albs, and two amices. The two maniples should be placed outside the dalmatics, as they are to be put on after the celebrant has put on the chasuble. 3. In a convenient i3lace, the surplices for the master of ceremonies and for the three clerks ; also as many surj^lices as there are clergymen to assist. 4. Two candlesticks with candles, for Ihe acolytes. I CENSER-BEAKER. 189 6. The censer and the incense-boat. 6. The fire ready for the censer. 1. A number of torches for the elevation, if they are to be used. Aeticle II. • instruction Jbr the Censer-bearer. 1. The censer-bearer goes to the sacristy a quarter of an hour before Mass, puts on his surplice, and, if no acolytes be present, assists the deacon and sub-deacon to vest.* 2. In the beginning of Mass, he prepares the fire in the censer; and, at the end of the Confession, he ap- proaches the altar, and goes up to the platform, hands incense-boat to the master of ceremonies, and when the incense is put in, and blessed, he adjusts the cover of the censer, and hands it to the deacon ; he takes the boat in his left hand, and goes down holding his right hand on his breast.f * Should the clergy pi'oceed to the altar in solemn procession, pre- ceded by the cross, the censer-bearer will have incense blessed by the celebrant (or by the Bishop if present) before leaving the sacristy ; and then, with smoking censer, will walk immediately before the cross- bearer. iCcerem. Epis.y lib, ii., ch. viii.) t As the censer-bearer moves eithejr alone or with the clergy, he car- ries the censer in his right hand, holding it at the top just under the chain-holder, having previously pulled the cover-chain sufficiently high fhat the fire may burn. Unless there is another clerk for the incense-boat, he carries it in his left hand, otherwise he keeps his left hand extended on his breast, as he moves along modestly and gravely. Should there be two censer-bearers, the one at the left carries the censer in his left hand. In making a genuflection, while holding the censer, he will so raise his hand that the censer will not touch the floor. When his hands are not employed, they should be joined. When incense is to be put in the censer, with his left hand he will 190 HIGH MASS. 3. He stands near the deacon, whilst he is incensing the celebrant, and bows to the priest both before and after ; then takes the censer in his right hand (he should make a genuflection, if he is obliged to pass before the altar, to put away the censer, and the Blessed Sacrament is present), puts it in its proper place, and returns to the choir. 4. When all the prayers are sung, he goes to prepare the censer ; and, as soon as the priest has finished the Gospel (unless there be a long tract), he goes to the altar, to have incense put in and blessed ; then, holding the censer in his right hand, and the boat in his left, he descends to the floor, and goes before the acolytes, in present the boat to whom he should; then, with the sacae hand, he takes from his right the top of the censer's chains, and brings it to his breast, and with his right he takes the censer's chains near the top of the cover, and raises the censer suflB.ciently high that he who is to put incense in it may easily do so. After the blessing, if a blessing is to be given, he lowers the censer, and takes it in his right hand at the top. When the censer-bearer puts incense in it, he will hold the chains at the top, and also near the cover with his left hand, and with his right will put in incense. If he presents the censer to one of the ministers who is to give it to some one else, he will present it with his right hand. If to the officiating priest, or to a minister who is to in- cense, he will present the top with his right hand, and the middle of the chains near the cover with his left. If to the celebrant or officiat- ing priest, and the Eubrics require it, he will kiss first the top of the censer, and then the right hand of the receiver. When he receives back the censer, he does so with bis right hand. To incense in a proper manner, having lowered the cover of the censer, he takes the top of the chains in his left hand, and brings it to his breast ; with the fingers of his right hand he takes the chains close to the cover, and brings it as high as his eyes ; then he lowers it, and stretches his arm, while he raises it again towards the one whom he is incensing, causing the censer to swing forward, and then lowers it again towards himself. He will repeat the same as often as he is to give throws, or swings. He bows before and after incensing. This manner of incensing is the same practised in Kome and in Italy, in well-regulated churches. CENSER-BEARER. 191 tlie middle of the choir, before the altar, at some dis- tance from the steps, and stands between the acolytes. When the master of ceremonies gives the sign, he makes a genuflection, then bows to the choir, together with the officiating ministers ; passes the first acolyte, and goes on the left of the deacon, a little in the rear, so that he may be opposite the first acolyte. 5. At the proper time he gives the censer to the master of ceremonies, and takes it again in the same manner ; he raises the lid of it a little, and swings it, in order to keejD the coals alive, having to use it to incense the priest. 6. At the end of the Gospel, he approaches the deacon, and presents him the censer, making with him the usual bows before incensing the celebrant, and after he takes it, makes a genuflection to the altar, and puts it in its place. He then goes to his place, makes a genuflection behind the sub-deacon, and remains there ; he bows at the word Demn^ if the Credo is sung. 7. Towards the end of the Credo^ he goes to prepare the censer, and is i-eady at the altar after the oblation of the chalice. The incense is put in as usual ; he takes the incense-boat and places it upon the side-table,* and remains there at the Epistle side, with his hands joined before the breast. He attends the deacon whilst he is incensing the celebrant, the choir, and sub-deacon ; and he stands at his left hand, a little in the rear, making the bows and genuflections at the same time with him. He receives the censer from the deacon, and when he arrives at his place behind the celebrant, incenses him twice ; then he incenses the acolytes once each ; he goes *The technical name is credentia. 192 HIGH MASS. then to the entrance of the choir, and incenses the people thrice, once in the middle, then on the left, and last on the right, making the usual bows both before and after, and the genuflections to the altar, passing and repassing. He then puts the censer in its place. 8. He again prepares the censer, and a little before the elevation, approaches the altar at the Epistle side, to the right of the master of ceremonies, to have the incense put into the censer ; when that is done, he kneels on the floor, and, at the elevation of the sacred Host, incenses it three times, making a low bow, both before and after. He does the same at the elevation of the chalice. [Rub. Miss., part ii.) After this, he makes a gen- uflection, puts away the censer, and returns to the altar. 9. Here his duty ends, unless the acolytes remain holding the torches until communion ; in which case he takes the veil from the subdeacon at the proper time, and, after folding it, lays it on the side table. 10. After receiving the I^ax from the one next to him in the choir, or from the master of ceremonies, accord- ing to diflerent circumstances, he takes the chalice-veil to the Gospel side, presents at the proper time the cruets for the ablutions, and returns to his place, after putting every thing on the table. 11. After the JPax, if the clergy communicate, he takes the veil of the chalice, and communion cloth, passes to the Gospel side, and kneels on the floor. After the " Indulgentiam," he kneels on the lateral edge of the platform, to extend and hold the cloth with the master of ceremonies. After communion, he goes down, makes a genuflection with the master of ceremo- nies, and proceeds to the side-table, to present the cruets, as was said above. ACOLYTES. 193 The censer-bearer makes a genuflection on one knee, when he goes from the choir, or returns to it ; when he leaves or approaches the altar, after the consecration only, not before it; in passing from one side of the altar to the other. When the incense is not blessed, the censer is held in the left hand ; otherwise in the right, and the boat in the left. When it is carried for any particular function, viz. : when the Gospel is sung, or in processions, the cen- ser-bearer puts his little-finger in the ring of the small cover, and the thumb through that of the large cover. On other occasions — for instance, when he gOes to have incense put into it, &c. — it is usual to hold it by the chains below the small cover, with the large cover a lit- tle raised, except in the act of incensing. Aeticle III. Instruction for the Acolytes. 1. The acolytes, who should be of equal size {Ccerem, Episc.lib. i.), put on their surplices a quarter of an hour before Mass, and prepare, and take lo the altar whatever is necessary ; they assist the deacon and sub-deacon in vesting, after they have lighted the candles on the altar (unless some other person do this), one on one side, the other on the other ; beginning from the candle nearest to the cross; and in putting tliem out, they begin with the furthest. If there be only one to light them, he will begin on the Epistle side, and end with those on the Gospel side ; and vice versa., in extinguishing them. They must take care not to let the wax fall upon the altar cloth. 2. The second acolyte lights the candles in the sacristy* 194 HIGH MASS. 3. When the celebrant is vested, they put the mani- ples on the deacon and sub- deacon, presenting them first to be kissed. 4. At a signal given by the master of ceremonies, they take their candles, and meeting together, make a bow to the cross, or to the chief picture in the sacristy, then with their eyes modestly cast down, with a moderate pace, they go before the clergy to the altar. {Rub. Miss. part ii.) 5. The first acolyte, at the right of his companion, holds the knob of the candlestick with his right hand, and the foot with his left ; the second with his left holds the knob, and the foot with his right. [Ccerem. JEpisC ibid.) 6. When they arrive at the altar, they make a genu- flection on the floor ; they then separate, and go to the corners of the steps, and stand facing each other. 7. When the sacred ministers have arrived, they turn towards the altar, make with them a genuflection, and then go to j)lace their candles on the table. [JRub., ib.) Turning towards the altar, they kneel down, with their hands joined, and answer in a low voice to the priest ; at the end of the Confession, they rise, and stand near the table. Whenever the sacred ministers go to sit down, the acolytes raise the dalmatic and chasuble over the back of the seat, so that they may not sit upon them ; this, however, depends upon its situation ; should it be necessary to pass before the celebrant, they bow to him. If the celebrant makes a genuflection during the Epistle or Gospel, they do the same ; and they make the usual signs of the cross at the jSequetitia jScmcti JEvangelii. ACOLYTES. 195 If the deacon and siib-deacon use the folded chasuble, the second acolyte, during the singing of the prayer, takes off the subdeacon's chasuble, and puts it on again, after he has kissed the celebrant's hand. In like manner he takes off that of the deacon, while the priest is read- ing the Gospel ; the first acolyte puts on him the large stole, and takes it off after removing the book for the JPost Communio; and then the second acolyte puts on him the folded chasuble. 8. Whilst the celebrant is putting incense into the censer, they take their candlesticks, and the censer- bearer having descended from the altar, they follow him to the middle of the choir ; he then goes between them, they make a genuflection to the altar, and salute the choir, together with the sacred ministers. In these, and in similar actions, uniformity as to manner and time is requisite, that they may appear as one person moving and bowing. 9. Whilst the sub-deacon is at the place where the Gospel is usually sung {Rub. Miss., part ii.), the first acolyte places himself at his right, and the second at his left, in a straight line, facing the left part of the choir. During this time, they never kneel down (Huh. Jliss., part i.), neither do they make the sign of the cross, but remain motionless. Then on each side of the sub- deacon they go to the place where the Gospel is to be sung. 10. At the end of the. Gospel, they go to the middle of the choir, three or four steps from the lowest front step of the altar, according as the space will allow, and make there a genuflection with the deacon, and then return to the side table. Having placed there the can- dlesticks, they remain standing, and kneel at the Incar- 196 HIGH MASS. natus^ on one knee, when it is repeated by the priest; and on both, when it is sung, 11. When the subdeacon takes the chalice, the second acolyte folds the veil ; the first follows the sub-deacon with the cruets and towel {Hub. Miss.^ part ii.) places all upon the altar, and presents the cruets to the sub- deacon. When the wine and water are put into the chalice, he takes them back, and remains standing at his place. 12. Whilst the deacon is incensing the celebrant, they j)repare the water to wash his hands. The first alcolyte takes the towel ; the other the cruet and basin. When the deacon has done incensing, they attend to the wash- ing of the celebrant's hands {JRub.^ ibid.), bowing to him both before and after. They then put everything on the side table, and remain there standing. 13. They bow to the censer-bearer both before and after being incensed ; and the first alcolyte bows to his companion before being incensed. 14. At the commencement of the Preface, they go to the sacristy, to light the torches, and return at the Sanctus {Hub., ib., tit. vii.) ; and both enter together in the middle of the choir before the altar ; they make a genuflection, then bow to the choir, and to each other, and kneel at some distance apart, in a straight line. 15. After the elevation, if the clergy do not communi- cate, and it is not a privileged feast, according to the Rubrics, they meet together, make a genuflection, then bow to the choir, and take away the torches. Other- wise, they remain with the torches, kneeling until after communion. {Hub., ib.) 16. The first acolyte takes the veil off of the sub-dea- con at the proper time, and folds it, and lays it on the ACOLYTES. 197 table. They bow when the celebrant is communicat- ing. 17. The first acolyte takes the cruets to the altar at the proper time for the ablutions ; and, in the mean time, the second takes the veil of the chalice to the other side of the altar, making a genuflection in passing and repassing. If they hold the torches till after com- munion, the censer-bearer supplies their place. " 18. During the blessing, at the end of Mass, they kneel down on both knees; at the beginning of the Gospel, they rise and make the sign of the cross on themselves, as usual, at the Initium Sancti JEvangelii. If the clergy remain in choir after the Gospel, the acolytes take the candles, go together to the middle, make a genuflection and, with the sacred ministers, bow to the choir. 19. Towards the end of the Gospel, they take the candlesticks and go to the middle ; they make a genu- flection at the words, Et verhum, caro^ or at the end of any other Gospel, and move towards the sacristy ; there they bow to the cross, and with the candlesticks in their hands wait until the sacred ministers arrive, and then make a bow together. They put out their candles afterwards, and assist the deacon and sub-deacon in taking ofl" the maniple and the folded chasuble, if they use them. When the celebrant has taken off the vest- ments, they assist the deacon and sub-deacon to disrobe, and then go to put out the candles on the altar, unless some other person do it. The acolytes remain always standing by the side-table, except when they have to do something, as on the occasions mentioned above. Whilst the celebrant is singing, or reading, they keep their hands joined before 17* 198 HIGH MASS. their breast ; at other times they keep them folded. In the choir the bow is generally made, first on the Gospel side, then on the Epistle side, beginning always by the greater dignity. In holding the torches, or carrying them, they should hold them always on the outside ; that is, the first acolyte being always on the right hand of the other, holds the torch in his right hand, and his companion holds his torch in his left. When one hand only is occupied, the other is held open upon his breast. When they present anything to the celebrant, they kiss it before they present it ; and also when they receive it from him (except in Masses for the dead). If they pass before the altar in going for the torches, they make a genuflection. Should they communicate in time of Mass, after the deacon and sub-deacon, and the priests, if any communicate, they make a genuflection on one knee, before and after communion. During their com- munion, they hand their torches to others. Aeticle IV. Duty of the Master of Ceremonies. 1. The Master of Ceremonies should be acquainted with the duties of all the clergy, and be attentive to their performance, making signs to them, but not pulling or pushing them ; and in case some mistake be not of much importance, it is better to let it pass. 2. He should go to the sacristy, a quarter of an hour beforehand, and after a short prayer, put on his surplice, and prepare the chalice, together with the pyx (in case the clergy communicate) and put in as many particles as there are persons to communicate. He prepares two Missals with the marks at their proper places, and takes i MASTER OF CERMONIES. 199 all to the side-table, which should be covered with a white cloth — JRuh. Hiss., part ii. — and there, aided by the acolytes, he arranges everything : he should see that the cruets are there prepared, together with the towel, the bell, the censer with the incense-boat, the torches for the elevation, &c. He leaves one Missal on the table ; the other he places on the book-stand at the Epistle side ; he opens it at the Mass of the day, and covers the table with a veil of the same color as the vestments which are to be used. 3. He gives notice in time to the clergy that are to officiate, and with the acolytes assists them in vesting. He does not present the maniple to the deacon and sub- deacon,. nor the folded chasuble, when they are used, until the celebrant is vested. 4. When it is time, he gives notice to the acolytes to move towards the sanctuary ; when the clergy have passed on, he makes a sign to the officiating clergy to proceed ; they bow to the cross, and he precedes them, without either cap, or calotte, on his head ; which is to be observed in all other functions. (Cong. Hit. I'Zth Jul., 1734.) He gives holy water to the sub-deacon and deacon. 5. If there be any steps to ascend in going to the altar, the master of ceremonies raises the border of the celebrant's alb. When the officiating clergy enter the choir, or arrive at the altar, he receives the caps from the deacon and sub-deacon, and after the genuflection, places them in order on the bench where they are to sit. He then kneels down at the Epistle side, with his face turned to the Gospel side, and answers the cele- brant in a low voice, making the usual signs of the cross, and bows. 6. At the end of the Confession, he goes up to the 200 HIGH MASS. altar with the mmisters, to have the incense put in ; and comes down again to the Epistle side. When the celebrant is incensing that side, he takes off the Missal, and afterwards replaces it, without making any genu- flection. . 7. If in time, after the incensing of the altar and the celebrant, he points out the beginning of the Introit^ as he should do, whenever he attends to the book, raising or lowering it as may be necessary, and pointing out what is to be read or sung, turning the leaves, &c. 8. When the celebrant has said the Kyrie eleison^ if the singing is to continue for any length of time, the master of ceremonies invites him to go and sit down on a bench prepared, not on chairs ( Goerem. JEpisc.^ lib. i.,) as is expressly ordered by the Sac. Gong. Hit. I7th Sept., 1822. He descends to the floor, aud with his hands modestly folded before his breast, stands at the right hand of the deacon ; he should observe the same at the Gloria and Credo ^ whilst the clergy are sitting. 9. When the choir is singing the last Kyrie^ he makes a moderate bow, to invite the ministers to the altar, and he goes to the Epistle side. When the ministers do not sit, during the singing of the Kyrie^ he gives them notice to go to the middle of the altar, and to stand in a line, one after the other ; when the Gloria in excelsis Deo is intoned, he directs them to go on each side of the celebrant to recite it with him. 10. When they have said the Gloria in excelsis^ he gives them notice to sit down ; but not whilst the choir is singing, Adoranius te^ Gratius agimus tibi^ Jesu Christe^ Sicscipe deprecationem nostram. When they are seated, by a moderate bow, he gives them notice to take off their caps, whilst the choir is singing the above- MASTKIt OF CEliEMONIES. 201 mentioned words, Adoramics te^ &c. ; during which time he bows to the altar. 11. At the Cum Sancto Spiritu^ he makes them a sign to go to the altar, and he goes to the Missal to find the prayers which are to be sung, pointing them out to the celebrant, and turning the leaves of the Missal. 12. At the beginning of the last prayer, he goes to the side-table, takes the Missal in both hands, so as to turn the opening of it to his right, and presents it to the sub-deacon, bowing both before and after. He then places himself at his left, standing a little in the rear, and at the conclusion of the last prayer, at the words Jesum Christum^ he bows, and goes to the middle of the altar with the sub-deacon, makes a genuflection, salutes the choir, returns to the same place, and points out the Epistle, supporting his left whilst he is singing. He I makes a genuflection at the words In nomine Je&u^ &c., « and bows at the names of Jesus and Mary, and of the I saint whose feast is celebrated; giving notice to the choir, immediately before, to kneel down, or take off" their caps. 13. When the Epistle is finished, he accompanies the sub-deacon to the middle of the altar, makes a genu- flection and bows to the choir, then goes with him to the Epistle side, to receive the celebrant's blessing. He receives the Missal from the sub-deacon, and gives it to the deacon, at the beginning of the Gospel. When the celebrant has recited the Gospel, he goes up to the plat- form, or to the highest step at the Epistle side, to have incense put in, and he hands the incense-box, open, to the deacon. Should the choir sing a Sequentia^ or long Tracts he invites the ministers to sit down, and he stands near the 202 HIGH MASS. bench, as at the Gloria. At the end of it he makes a sign to rise, and goes to the Epistle side to have incense put in. During the Ferial days in Lent, the ministers kneel at the words, Adjuva nos Deus^ on the edge of the platform, so that it is well to have the incense put in be- fore, to give time to the deacon to say the Munda cor meum. And as the organ is not played on those days, he. can request the choir to prolong their chant, so as to have time to perform these ceremonies without con- fusion. 14. Whilst the deacon is receiving the celebrant's blessing, the master of ceremonies stands at the Epistle side, with his face towards the altar. He then places himself at the right hand of the deacon, and makes a genuflection with all the other ministers, and goes to the Epistle side, always at the right hand of the deacon, a little in the rear ; he presents him the censer after the Sequentia Sancti Evangelii^ he takes it again after the Missal is incensed, gives it to the censer-bearer, and re- mains at the side of the deacon to turn the leaves of the Missal. If it be necessary to make a genuflection, or bow, during the singing of the Gospel, he makes it towards the altar, which will serve as a notice to the celebrant. 15. At the end of the Gospel, he goes to the Epistle side, and there makes a genuflection with the others. He receives the Missal from the sub-deacon, with the usual bows, and places it on the side-table, then returns to the Epistle side, and remains there until the Credo is recited, he bows at the same time with the celebrant, and also makes the sign of the cross with him. 16. When the celebrant says, Et incarnatus est, the MASTER OF CEREMONIES. 203 master of ceremonies makes a genuflection on one knee only, and at the end of the Credo^ makes a sign to sit down ; he stands, in order to give notice when they are to take off their caps. When the Incarnatus est is sung by the choir, he kneels on both knees, together with the acolytes and censer-bearer, the sacred ministers take off their caps. In the Masses of Christmas and the feast of the Annunciation, all kneel down at those words; he, therefore, should prepare cushions for the occasion. 17. After Et homo /actus est^ he makes a sign to the deacon to come for the burse, and after giving it to him, he returns to the bench of the sacred ministers. At the words, St vitam venturi^ &c., or a little before, he gives notice to the celebrant and others to go to the altar, and goes to the Epistle side. 18. When the celebrant has said the Oremus^ at the Offertory^ he makes a sign to the sub-deacon to make a genuflection, and go to the side-table. When there, he puts upon him the veil, letting it hang down some- what lower on the right than on the left. He accom- panies him to the altar, taking the pyx with him from the side-table ; he assists in uncovering the chalice, and when the sub-deacon has taken the paten, he should have the incense put in as usual. 19. He afterwards goes to the Epistle side, and when the celebrant is incensing the cross or the Epistle side, he passes to the Gospel side, making a genuflection in the middle, and removing the Missal, goes down to the floor. After the celebrant has incensed that side, he replaces, and remains there to attend to the book, pointing to the prayers, and turning the leaves. 20. At the end of the Preface, he gives notice to the 204 HIGH MASS. deacon to go up on the platform to the right of the celebrant, to recite the Sanctus. At the Te igitur^ the deacon goes to the left of the celebrant, and the master of ceremonies to the Epistle side, both making a genu- flection in the middle, as they pass. The master of cere- monies remains there until the words. Qui pridie quam pateretur • when after putting incense in the censer, he kneels down with the censer-bearer, and, at the eleva- tion, rings the bell three distinct times. He makes a low bow with the censer-bearer, both before and after each elevation. 21. After this, he rises, and remains there, or goes to the top step, near the altar, until the Nobis quogue pec- catoribus, and then passes to the other side, making a genuflection in the middle, always behind the sub-dea- con. 22. When the deacon goes from the left side of the celebrant, the master of ceremonies takes his place, makes a genuflection with the celebrant and deacon, who should be at the right hand of the celebrant. The master of ceremonies remains at the left, attending to the Missal, until the Agnus Dei, making the genuflec- tions with him, and turning the leaves, &g. 23. Before the JPater Noster is commenced, he makes a sign to the deacon to make a genuflection and go be- hind the priest, on the usual step ; and at the words, Dhnitte nobis, he again giv'es notice to the deacon and sub-deacon to make a genuflection, and go up to the al- tar at the Epistle side ; the sub-deacon leaves there the paten, and takes off the veil, the master of ceremonies makes him a sign to make a genuflection there, and re- turn to his place on the floor. The deacon remains at the right of the celebrant, and he at the left, until the MASTER OF CEREMONIES. 205 Pax Domini is sung, at which time he gives the sub- deacon notice to make a genuflection at his place, and come up to the left of the celebrant, where he makes again a genuflection, and says the Agnus Dei. [Huh. Miss.^ part ii.) The master of ceremonies makes a genu- flection at the same time, goes down to the floor, and waits to accompany the sub-dea^'" ......<, .cXIi Watatum Eki'cUio CELEBRANT. 233 celebrant retires to the Epistle side, and i-emains turned to tbe altar, with his hands joined, till the deacon begins to sing the Gospel ; then he turns round towards the deacon, makes the usual signs of the cross at the words, Sequentia^ &c., bows to the cross at the name of Jesus, bows also towards the book, at the name of Mary, and of the saint whose feast is celebrated. 13. When the sub-deacon offers him the Missal, the celebrant kisses it, saying, Per evangelica dicta^ &o., remains in the same place till he is incensed by the dea- con, goes to the middle, intones the Gredo^ if it is to be said, and continues it in a low voice with his ministers. 14. Having said the Credo^ the celebrant goes to sit, as said above ; at the Incarnatus he takes off his cap, and bows towards the cross, till the verse is finished ; he takes it off also at the words, Simul adoratur^ and at the end of the Credo returns to the altar, kisses it in the middle, and sings Dominus vohisGutn and Oremus, 15. After having said the Offertory^ the celebrant re- ceives from the deacon the paten with the Host, offers it, saying the usual prayer, blesses the water, saying, Deus^ qui humanm substantiae y receives from him the chalice, offers it, saying, Offerimus, &g. 16. The celebrant having said, Jn spiritu humilitatiSy and Veni sanctijicator^ puts incense into the censer, say- ing the prayer, " Per iutercessionem Beati Michaelis Archangeli, stautis a dextris altaris incensi, et omnium electorum suorum, incensum istud dignetur Dominus benedicere, et in odorem suavitatis accipere. Per Chris- tum Dominum nostrum. Amen." At the word bene- dicere^ the celebrant makes the sign of the cross on the incense, then he receives the censer, and without mak- ing any reverence, he incenses the sacred offerings, 20* 234: HIGH MASS. forming with the censer three crosses on both chalice and Host, saying at the first, Incensum istud j at the second, a te henedictum j at the third, ascendat ad te^ Domine / and afterwards making three circles round the chalice and Host, beginning the two first from the right to the left, and the third from the left to the right (see the plate), and saying at the first, et descendat super nos ; at the second, misericordia ; and at the third, tua. 17. After the incensing of the sacred offerings, the celebrant makes a profound bow, or a genuflection, and incenses the cross and the altar, as directed above, but with this difference, that at each swing he says the prayer, distributed as follows : at n. 1 (see the plate), Dirigatur ; 2, Domine ; 3, Oratio mea ; 8, Sicut ; 9, Incensum; 10, In conspectu tuo ; 11, Elevatio ; 12, Manuum ; 13, Mearum ; 14, Sacrificium ; 15, Vesper- tinum ; 16, Pone; 17, Domine; 18, Custodiam ; 19, OrH ; 20, Meo ; 21, Et ostium ; 22, Circumstantice ; 23, Labiis meis ; 24, Ut non declinet ; 25, Cor meurn ; 26, In verba malitice ; 2t, Ad excusandas; 28, Excusationes ; 29, In peccasis. 18. When the celebrant gives back the censer to the deacon, he says, Accendat in nobis Dominus ignem sui amoris et flammatn ceternoe charitatis. Amen. After- wards he is incensed, he washes his hands, and contin- ues Mass ; he sings the Preface, the Pater ^ &c. After the Agnus -Z>e^, having said the first of the three pray- ers before the communion, he kisses the altar, gives the Pax to the deacon, saying. Pax tecum.^ and goes on as usual. 19. After the communion of the precious blood, if communion is to be given, the celebrant, after the dea- CELEBRANT. 235 con has uncovered the pyx, makes a genuflection with him ; then turns towards the deacon whilst he says the Confiteor / after which, he says, Misereatur and Indul- gentiam^ &c. As usual, he turns to the altar, makes a genuflection, takes the pyx in his left hand, and one of the small Hosts in his right, and, turned to the people, says, Ecce Agnus Dei^ &c. Then he gives the com- munion, first to the deacon, afterwards to the sub- deacon; and likewise he gives the communion to the others, first to him who kneels at the Epistle side, then to the other who kneels at the Gospel side. For the communion of the people, the celebrant goes to the railing of the sanctuary, and there gives the com- munion, beginning from the Epistle side. 20. After communion, the celebrant either takes the Hosts that are left, or if the Blessed Sacrament is kept at that altar, he puts them in the pyx with the others in the tabernacle. When requisite, he removes from the pyx into the chalice the small particles that may there be, takes the purification and ablution as usual, wipes the chalice w4th the purifier, leaves it to the sub- deacon, and goes to the Epistle side, to read the Com- vrmnio. 21. When the choir has sung the Communio^ the celebrant sings, Dominus vohiscum^ Oremus^ and the prayers ; then he sings again, Dominus vobiscum, and remains turned towards the people, whilst the deacon sings Ite^ missa esty or he turns to the altar, if the JBen- edicamus Domino be said, and he says it in a low voice. (Deer. S. R. (7., 7th Sept., 1816.) 22. The celebrant then says, Placeaty gives the bless- ing, and reads the last Gospel, as usual ; after which he goes to the middle, makes a bow to the cross, goes 236 HIGH MASS FOE THE DEAD. down below the lowest step, makes a profound bow or a genuflection. If the clergy remain in the sanctuary, the celebrant salutes them on each side, receives from the deacon the cap, puts it on himself, and walks to the sacristy, after the deacon. 23. At the door of the sacristy, if the clergy have returned thither, the celebrant takes off his cap, having his ministers at his side, salutes them, first at the right, then at the left ; makes a bow to the cross, salutes the ministers, and, assisted by them, takes off the sacred vestments, salutes them again, and retires to make his tlianksgiving. CHAPTER III. HIGH MASS FOR THE DEAD.* Article I. THINGS TO BE PEEPAJIED. 1. In the sacristy, black vestments. 2. The bench of the ministers should be bare. 3. Antipendium of black or purple color; a carpet also of purple color, covering the platform only. 4. The side-table is to be covered with a cloth, hang- ing down a little on each side ; besides every thing necessary for the celebration of Mass, the candles to be * Solemn Mass for the DQ&d pjvesente cadavere is permitted every day, except on great festivals of precept of first class, on the last three days in Holy Week, and on the feast of the titular saiut. {S. 2i. (7., 29 Jaii.j 1752.) HIGH MASS FOK THE DEAD. 237 distributed to the clergy should be prepared on it. The chalice is not to be covered with the long veil, which is not used by the sub-deacon at this Mass. Aeticle II. What is to he particularly observed at High Mass for the Dead. 1. During the Confession^ the master of ceremonies kneels below the steps at the Epistle side; after the Confession, the deacon and sub-deacon, without going up to the middle of the altar, go to the Epistle side, to attend as usual the celebrant for the Introit. There is no incensing at the beginning of this Mass. The clergy and the minor ministers kneel down, while the celebrant sings the prayers. 2. The sub-deacon, after having sung the Epistle, does not carry the Missal to the celebrant, but immediately gives it to the master of ceremonies, and does not kiss the celebrant's hand or receive his blessing. 3. While the Sequentia is sung, the celebrant having read it, goes with the ministers to sit on the bench ; then candles are distributed to the clergy, who keep them lighted in their hands whilst the Gospel is sung, and fi'om the Sanctvs till after the communion of the cele- brant. 4. Five or six strophes before the end of the Sequen- tial the ministers and the celebrant are invited by the master of ceremonies to go by the nearest way to the altar, where the celebrant goes to the middle, and says, Munda cor meum, &c. ; the sub-deacon removes the book with the stand from the Epistle side to that of the Gospel, and the celebrant reads the Gospel. The dea- con, at the proper time, carries, as usual, the Missal to 238 HIGH MASS FOR THE DEAD. the altar, lays it in the middle, kneels on the edge of the platform, and says, Munda cor meum, but does not ask the blessing of the celebrant or kiss his hand. 5. After the celebrant has done reading the Gospel, the master of ceremonies invites the deacon and sub- deacon to go down below the steps. The acolytes, with- out candlesticks, go behind the deacon and sub-deacon. All make a genuflection, and go to the usual place, where the deacon sings the Gospel. Incense is not used at the Gospel. 6. After the Gospel, the sub-deacon does not carry the book to the celebrant to kiss, but gives it back at once to the master of ceremonies. Then each one returns to his place. 7. After the celebrant has said Oremus^ at the Offer- tory^ the sub-deacon, invited by the master of ceremo- nies, goes to the side-table, and carries from thence to the Epistle side the chalice, with its veil and burse. 8. The Deacon takes the corporal out of the burse^ and spreads it on the altar, as usual; the sub-deacon takes the veil off the chalice, and gives it to the acolyte ; when he presents the water, he does not offer it to the celebrant to be blessed. 9. At the Mass for the Dead, neither the celebrant's hand nor any thing given to or received from him is to be kissed. 10. While the celebrant is making the oblation of the chalice, the master of ceremonies invites the sub-deacon to go to the left of the celebrant, whither he goes, making a genuflection in the middle. The sub-deacon does not hold the paten, as at the other Masses. 11. After the oblation of the chalice, the deacon places the paten partly under the corporal, and covers the rest HIGH MASS FOR THE DEAD. 239 of it with the purifier; at the proper time he presents the censer for the incense, and both ministers attend the celebrant at the incensing, which is done in the usual manner ; the celebrant only is incensed by the deacon, after the incensing of the altar. 12. The celebrant being incensed, the sub-deacon re- ceives from one of the acolytes the water-cruet and the basin ; the deacon having given the censer to the cen- ser-bearer, receives from the other acolyte the towel, and both go to wash the celebrant's fingers ; afterwards they go to the middle, as usual, behind the celebrant. The deacon at the proper time answers, Suscipiat^ &c. 13. At the end of the Preface, the deacon goes up to the right of the celebrant, and the subdeacon to the left, and say with him the Sanctus/ then the subdeacon re- turns to his place below the steps, and the deacon goes to the left of the celebrant to attend to the book. 14. At the words, Quarn ohlationem, the deacon goes to the right of the celebrant, and the subdeacon to the Epistle side, where he kneels on the second step. Hav- ing put incense in the censer, he receives it from the censer-bearer, and incenses the Blessed Sacrament thrice, at each elevation ; afterw^ards he gives back the censer to the censer-bearer, returns to his place in the middle, makes a genufl.ection, and remains there till JPax Domini, The acolytes remain kneeling on each side of the altar, holding their candles till after the celebrant's communion. 15. At the words, Dimitte nobis, the deacon only makes a genuflection, and goes up to the right of the celebrant, to give him the paten. 16. A little before the celebrant says Agnus Dei, the 240 SOLEMN VESPERS. subdeacon makes a genuflection, and goes to the left of the celebrant ; there he makes a genuflection with the others, who profoundly bowing towards the Blessed Sacrament, say the Agnus Dei, without striking their breast. 17. After the Agnus Dei, the deacon and sub-deacon exchange places, making a genuflection both before and after ; the Dax is not given ; the rest goes on as usual. 18. After the last Dominus vohiscum, the deacon, without turning himself to the people, sings, Mequiescant ■in pace (always in the plural number). The celebrant, turned likewise to the altar, says the same in a low voice. (Deer. S, B. C, Sept. 7, 1816.) The blessing is not given ; the rest is as usual. CHAPTER IV. SOLEMN VESPERS. Article I. THINGS TO BE PREPARED. In the Sanctuary. 1. Six candlesticks on the altar, and the cross in the middle. 2. In the middle of the sanctuary, at a proper dis- tance, two or four stools for the cope-bearers. 3. Against the railings in the middle, three stools, or SOLEIVIN VESPERS. 241 a bench sufficiently long to accommodate the censer- bearer and the two acolytes. 4. Near the bench for the officiating priest, a stool for the master of ceremonies.* 5. A book-stand with the book, in front of the priest's bench, for the officiating priest, which may be covered with a veil of the color of the day. 6. The celebrant's bench, covered with a green cloth. 7. At the altar the antipendium ; and if there is the Blessed Sacrament, on the tabernacle the canopy of the color of the day. In the Sacristy. 1. A surplice and a cope of the color of the day; and if the Benediction is to be given immediately after Ves- pers without previously going to the sacristy, a stole of the color of the cope. 2. Two or four surplices and copes of the same color for the cope-bearers. 3. Four surplices for the master of ceremonies and the three servers ; and surplices for the clergy. 4. The censer and incense-boat. 6. Two candlesticks with candles for the acolytes. Aeticle II. General Rules to he observed by the Clergy in the Sanc- tuary for solemn Vespers and Complin. 1. Besides what has been said in the first chapter of this book concerning High Mass, clergymen should ob- serve what follows, in solemn Vespers ; they should not * If the servers are to wear caps, they should be put on the bench beforehand, 31 242 SOLEMN VESPERS. enter the sanctuary whilst Deus in adjutorium^ Gloria Patf% prayers, Capitidum^ the first verse, and the last strophe of any hymn, the first strophe of the Ave Maris Stella^ and Fe?^^, Creator Spiritus, and the two last strophes of the hymns, Pange Lingua^ Vexilla Regis prodeu7it^ are sung. 2. At Complin, they should not go into the sanctuary whilst the Confession is made ; should, however, any one enter the sanctuary at the above-mentioned times, he should kneel, or bow, or stand, during the singing of the aforesaid verses or strophes, in conformity with the clergy already in the sanctuary. 3. As soon as the officiating clergyman arrives at the altar, the clergy kneel to say, each in particular, the prayer, Aperi; they should kneel likewise during the first strophe of the hymns, Ave Maris Stella^ and Fern, Creator j during the strophe, Tantum ergo; when the Blessed Sacrament is exposed ; while they sing the strophe, crux ave^ spes unica^ even if it be said during the Paschal time ; at the ferial prayers ; at the anthem of the Blessed Virgin, said at the end of the office, and at the Pater^ Ave^ and Gredo^ recited after said anthem, except all Saturdays after Vespers, and all Sundays and the Paschal time, in which the clergy kneel only at theprayer, Sacrosanctce. 4. The clergy should stand while the Pater and Ave are said; and from the beginning of Vespers till the first Psalm is intoned. When the antiphon is intoned, all the clergy who are on the same side with the clergy- man that intones it, rise as soon as the chanters in cope come to give the tone : the clergy should stand also during the chapter, the hymn, and from the hymn till the end of Vespers, only except whilst the choir sing ACOLYTES. 24:3 and repeat the antipbon of the Magnificat ; at which time they sit, if the incensing be over. They should likewise stand during the prayer and commemorations, and till the end of Vespers. 5. At Complin, the clergy stand from the beginning till the intonation of the first Psalm*^ from the intoning of the hymn till the end of Complin. When, as before directed, they are not to stand or kneel, they sit. 6. The clergy bow, and take off their caps at the Gloria Patri^ at the names of Jesus and Mary, at the last strophe of the hymns, when it contains the dox- ology ; at the words, Sit nomen Domini henedictum^ of the Psalm, Laudate pueri Dorrdnum^ and whilst the Confiteor is said at Complin. Aeticle hi. Instruction for the Acolytes. 1. Before the beginning of Vespers, the acolytes go to the sanctuary, and put their cap on the place where they are to sit. Having lighted the candles on the altar, they afterwards light those of their own candle- sticks, and go to the sanctuary, as when High Mass is to be celebrated. 2. When the officiating clergyman has arrived at the altar, the acolytes turn themselves to the altar, make with the others a genuflection, and immediately after go to place the candlesticks on the steps near the altar, each on his own side ; they put out the candles of their candlesticks, and go to their place. 3. Towards the end of the last Psalm, the acolytes, leaving their caps on their seats, go to light the candles of their candlesticks, and with them go to the middle 244: SOLEMN VESPERS. before the lowest step, make a genuflection, and go to the officiating clergyman. 4. Having made a bow to him, the acolytes, turned towards each other, stop on each side of the book-stand which is before him, till he has intoned the hymn, and when the Ave Maris Stella or the Ve?ii Creator Spiritus is said, they stand during the first strophe, then they go, after having saluted the celebrant ; they should take care to turn in such a manner that each one remain on his own side ; that is, the first acolyte at the right, and the second acolyte at the left ; then they re- turn to the altar, where, having made a genuflection, they carry the candlesticks to their place, and leave them lighted ; afterwards they go to their seats. 5. After the Gloria Patri of the Magnificat^ the acolytes take the candlesticks, and go, as before, to the celebrant, salute him, place themselves as before, and remain there till after all the prayers are sung ; after which, when the celebrant has said Dominus vohiscum^ having saluted him, they go to the middle ; and when he has arrived at the same place, they make a genuflec- tion together with him, salute the clergy, and walk to the sacristy. K the clergy also immediately after Vespers return to the sacristy, when the celebrant has arrived before the altar, they do not make a genuflection with him, but remain standing during the anthem of the Blessed Virgin, and its prayer; after the celebrant has said Divinum auxiliurn^ they make a genuflection, and walk to the sacristy, as directed. Ch. iii., n. 19. CENSEK-BEAKER. 245 Article IV. Instruction for the Censer- Bearer. 1. The censer-bearer prepares every thing as directed for High Mass. 2. He goes to the sanctuary with the clergy, and sits in such a place of the sanctuary as may be most con- venient, that he may go to the sacristy when required. The hymn being intoned, or if there be no hymn as in Easter-week, about the end of the fifth Psalm, he takes off his cap, leaves it on his seat, and having made a gen- uflection to the altar, goes to the sacristy to prepare the censer. 3. When the celebrant, after intoning the antiphon of the Magnificat^ arrives at the altar, the censer-bearer also goes thither, making a genuflection below the steps ; the incense having been put into the censer, and blessed as usual, the censer-bearer gives the censer to the master of ceremonies, from whom he receives the incense-boat; then, without making a genuflection in the middle, he goes immediately to the left of the cele- brant ; there he makes a genuflection, keeps the cele- brant's cope raised on his side during the incensing, and follows him, making a genuflection at the same time with the master of ceremonies, whenever the celebrant makes it ; or if the Blessed Sacrament be not on the altar, whenever he makes a bow in the middle. 4. After the incensing of the altar, the censer-bearer goes to the Epistle side, receives the censer from the master of ceremonies, puts the censer-boat on the table, gives back the censer to the master of ceremonies, remains at his left, makes with him a profound bow to 31* 246 SOLEMN VESPERS. the celebrant before and after he is incensed, receives the censer, and incenses the clergy, as directed .in the instruction for the deacon. 5. The censer-bearer having incensed the clergy, in- censes with a double swing the master of ceremonies, and then incenses the people, as directed for High Mass ; he carries the censer to the sacristy, and returns to the sanctuary, making the usual genuflections. If there be chanters in cope, the censer-bearer does not go to the left of the celebrant for the incensing, as in such case they assist the celebrant ; the clergy also are incensed by the first of them, and the censer-bearer accompanies him, as he does the deacon at Mass, hold- ing his cope raised at his right hand, that he may more easily throw the incense. After the clergy on each side are incensed, the censer-bearer accompanies the chanters in cope to incense the other chanters dressed likewise in cope ; then he receives from him the censer, and stand- ing at the Epistle side, he incenses him with tw^o double swings, then the master of ceremonies with a double swing, and lastly the people. If, besides the high altar, any other altar is to be in- censed, the censer-bearer will follow the directions of the master of ceremonies. Aeticle V. Instruction for the Master of Ceremonies. 1. The master of ceremonies having prepared every thing, and placed the signs at the book of the celebrant, which is to be placed on a stand covered with a long veil of the same color of the vestments, and which should be sufficiently light to be easily removed, goes to MASTER OF CEREMONIES. 24:7 the sacristy, helps the celebrant to put on the surplice and cope; and every thing being ready, invites the acolytes to walk to the sanctuary, having first, in an audible voice, announced to the clergy the Yespers, the commemorations to be made, and other particulars. 2. As the clergy walk out of the sacristy, the master of ceremonies invites the celebrant to follow them, and walks with him to the altar ; at the door of the sacristy he gives him the holy water ; when they arrive at the altar, he makes a genuflection at the right of the cele- brant below the steps, kneels during the Aperi, rises, and invites the celebrant to rise also. 3. When the celebrant bows to the altar, the master of ceremonies makes a genuflection, salutes the clergy at the Gospel side, and at the Epistle side; accompanies the celebrant to his seat, stops there at his left, receiving from him, and giving him at the proper times, his cap with the usual kisses, turning the leaves of the book when necessary, pointing out to him every thing that he has to read or sing, and raising his cope whenever he has to make the sign of the cross. 4. The master of ceremonies sits on a stool near the celebrant, whilst he is not employed in attending him particularly, and whilst the Psalms are sung ; making him signs to take ofl" or put on his cap, whenever he is to do it ; he likewise makes the same signs to the clergy in the sanctuary, unless another be appointed for this purpose, which is desirable. 5. Towards the last Psalm, the master of ceremonies makes a sign to the acolytes to light their candles, and to come before the celebrant, whilst the antiphon is repeated; Hkewise he makes them a sign when they should go. 248 SOLEMN VESPERS. 6. When the Magnificat is intoned, the master of ceremonies receives the celebrant's cap, accompanies him to the altar, having, with him, saluted the clergy, first on the Epistle side, then on the Gospel side. v. When arrived at the altar, the master of cere- monies makes, a genuflection below the steps at the right of the celebrant, raises his cassock a little in front, and the lower extremity of the cope, whilst with him he ascends to the platform, presents the incense-boat and the spoon as usual, with the customary kisses, for the benediction of the incense, saying, Benedicite^ Pater Heverende, 8. The incense being blessed, the master of cere- monies gives the boat to the censer-bearer, receives from him the censer, and gives it to the celebrant ; whilst the latter incenses the altar, the master of ceremonies raises his cope on his side,.and with the censer-bearer makes a genuflection whenever the celebrant makes a bow, or a genuflection in the middle. 9. After the incensing, the master of ceremonies re- ceives the censer from the celebrant, gives it to the censer-bearer, goes again by the celebrant on the plat- form, makes with him a bow to the cross, goes down below the steps, makes a genuflection, salutes the clergy, accompanies the celebrant to the bench, and there in- censes him with three double swings, gives the censer to the censer-bearer^ goes near the celebrant, and points out to him whatever he has to read or sing. The mas- ter of ceremonies is incensed after the clergy on each side of the sanctuary. 10. When the celebrant has said Fidelium animoe^ the master of ceremonies gives him the cap, goes with him to the altar, after having saluted the clergy. MASTER OF CKKEMONIES. 249 11. If Complin is not said after Vespers, the master of ceremonies having made a genuflection before the altar, presents to the celebrant the book, to intone the anthem of the Blessed Virgin, either kneeling or stand- ing, as required by the particular time ; then at the left of the celebrant, he returns to the sacristy, salutes the clergy, makes a bow to the cross, and assists the cele- brant to take off the sacred vestments. 12. If there be chanters in cope, they attend the cele- brant at the altar for the incensing, and the first of them incenses the celebrant and the clergy. 13. If, besides the high altar, any other be incensed, as for instance that of the Blessed Sacrament, which ought to be incensed first, the master of ceremonies should observe what follows: whilst the hymn is sung, he should invite two or four of the clergymen in the sanctuary, who are the first in dignity, to assist at the incensing. 14. The Magnificat having been intoned, the acolytes win be ready with their candlesticks in the middle of the sanctuary, and the censer-bearer between them, and the two or four clergymen behind the acolytes, all turned to the altar. 15. The master of ceremonies accompanies the cele- brant to the altar between the two chanters in cope; whither being arrived, they make the genuflection, salute the clergy, and walk out of the sanctuary in the following order : 16. The censer-bearer walks first, then the acolytes, the chanters in cope, having the celebrant in the midst, and raising his cope on each side. They put on their caps before they move forward. 17. If there be four cope-bearers, the two chanters 250 SOLEMN VESPERS. walk first, and the two others after them, at the side of the celebrant. The four clergymen follow the celebrant, two by two. 18. Having arrived at the altar of the Blessed Sacra- ment, they make a genuflection. The acolytes and the cope-bearers, with the celebrant in their midst, place themselves in a row before the lowest step. The cele- brant, with the two cope-bearers next to him, ascends to the altar to incense it, and the others remain standing below. 19. After the incensing, having made a genuflection, they return to the high altar as they came. The acolytes having arrived at the sanctuary, divide and retire, the first with the censer-bearer at his right towards the Epistle side, the second towards the Gospel side, so also the chanters in cope ; and the celebrant, in the middle of the two assistant cope-bearers, having arrived, and all forming one line, they all salute the clergy on each side, walk to the altar, and make a genuflection below the steps. 20. The acolytes immediately put the candlesticks at their places on each side of the altar; the others remain as before till after the incensing of the high altar, for which the incense is not again put into the censer. 21. After the incensing, they all make the genuflec- tion (the celebrant only makes an inclination, if the Blessed Sacrament be not at the high altar), salute the clergy, and the four clergymen return to their places, after having bowed to each other. COPE-BEARERS. 251 Article YI. Insti'uction for the Cope-Bearers, In some festivals, Vespers are sung with the assistance of two or four clergymen, according to the greater or less degree of solemnity of the festival, dressed in sur- plice and cope. AVhen there are four, two of them, who should be those amongst them who are inferior in dig- nity, should perform the office of chanters, and go to the celebrant and clergy to pre-intone the antiphon and intone the Psalms in the middle of the sanctuary. The two others attend immediately the celebrant ; when there are only two, these perform the office of assistants and chanters. 1. The cope-bearers having put on their surplices, assist the celebrant to put on his surplice and cope; then, attended by the acolytes, they put on their own copes, which should be of the proper color and uniform, as also their caps. 2. At a sign made by the master of ceremonies, they come down, bow to the cross, and with their caps on, walk after the clergy, at the side of the celebrant, rais- ing his cope on each side ; if there be four cope-bearers, the two chanters walk together before. 3. As they enter the sanctuary, they take off their caps, and when arrived at the altar, all in one line make a genuflection below the lowest step (the celebrant bowing, if the blessed sacrament be not at the altar) ; they kneel on the lowest step; at a sign made by the master of ceremonies they rise, make a genuflection, salute the clergy, accompanying the celebrant to the bench, they stop before him, being turned towards him, VTlt 252 . SOLEMN VESPERS. without turning entirely their back to the altar, until the first cope-bearer-chanter has pre-intoned to him the first antiphon. 4. Then they all go to the middle to intone the Psalm, taking care always to make a genuflection to the altar, in going to and from it, and a bow to the celebrant every time they pass before him. Having intoned the first Psalm, they make a genuflection, salute each other, and go to sit down on the stools prepared for them in the middle of the sanctuary, before the altar. 5. The cope-bearers put on their caps only after hav- ing seated themselves, and sing together with the rest of the clergy. 6. After the first Psalm, both chanters go to pre- intone the antiphon to the clergyman who occupies the first place on the Gospel side ; who having intoned it, they go to the middle to intone the Psalm, and thus successively and alternately on each side of the sanctu- ary; the two assistants remain sitting during all this time. 1. All the Psalms being sung and the last antiphon repeated, the four cope-bearers go to the celebrant, and remain before him, whilst he sings the chapter; then the first chanter pre-intones to him the hymn ; which being intoned, they return to their places, after having made a bow to the celebrant and a genuflection to the altar. They remain there standing, with their heads un- covered. When the Ave Maris SteUa^ or Veni Creator^ is sung, the cope-bearers go to the middle, and kneel dur- ing the first strophe. 8. After the hymn, the cope-bearers go to the middle, and sing the verse ; then they go to pre-intone the anti- COPK-BEARERS. 253 pbon to the celebrant, return to the middle, intone the Magnificat^ make a genuflection, and go to the cele- brant. 9. As they accompany him to the altar, having placed him in their middle (in case no other altar is to be in- censed), they salute the clergy, and make together a genuflection to the altar ; the two assistant cope-bearers, with the celebrant in their middle, go up to the altar, and the others, if there be any, remain below the steps ; the first assistant cope-bearer presents the incense-boat for the benediction of the incense, and the second raises the celebrant's cope a little on his right. 10. During the incensing, they hold the celebrant's cope raised a little on each side ; after which they re- turn to the middle, make a bow to the cross, go below the steps, make a genuflection to the altar, salute the clergy and accompany the celebrant to the bench; the first assistant cope-bearer incenses the celebrant, then the clergy, beginning at the Gospel side ; and the others go to their places. 11. After having incensed the clergy, who are on the first or highest row of benches, or stools, on each side, the first assistant cope-bearer incenses the cope-bearers, each with two double swings; then he continues to in- cense those who are in the inferior rows; then, having returned to his place, he is incensed by the censer- bearer. 1 2. When the celebrant is about to say the prayer, all the cope-beai'ers rise, go to attend him at the con- clusion, bowing at the name of Jesus, and having bowed to the celebrant, they go to the middle to sing the JBenedicamtis Domino; or if there be any commemora- tions, after the first prayer, they go to the middle to 22 254 SOLEMN VESPEBS. sing the verses ; they remain there, and sing the Bene- dicamus Domino. 13. Having sung the JBenedicamu3^ the cope-hearers go again to the celebrant, make with him a bow to the clergy, go to the altar, make a genuflection to the cross, go to the sacristy in the same order as they had come from it, or assist to recite the usual anthem. 14. The cope-bearers go to the sacristy, and if the clergy also have left the sanctuary, and are already id the sacristy, they salute them, and take off their copes, after having assisted the celebrant to disrobe. If, besides the high altar, any other is to be incensed, they follow the directions of the master of ceremonies^. Article VII. Instruction for the Celebrant. 1. The officiating priest, whom we call the celebranty having made an inclination to the cross, walks, with his cap on, to the altar, attended by the master of cere- monies ; when arrived there, he takes off his cap, makes a profound bow to the cross, or if the Blessed Sacra- ment be kept at the high altar, makes a genuflection below the steps, and kneels down to say the Aperi Domine^ which he, as well as each of the clergy, say privately, so as not to be heard. What has been said about the profound bow or genu- flection, is to be observed whenever we say that the celebrant makes a profound bow; for if the Blessed Sacrament is kept at the high altar, the celebrant should make a genuflection. 2. After the Aperi, the celebrant rises, makes a pro- CELEBRANT. 255 found bow, salutes the clergy at each side of the sanc- tuary, and goes to the bench, which is the same where he sits with the ministers at High Mass, and should be placed at the Epistle side near the wall, facing the Xrospel side, and near the altar. There, standing, he says, Pater et Ave; intones Deus in adjutorium; bows at the Gloria Patri^ towards the altar; sits when the first Psalm is begun, and having received the cap from the master of ceremonies, he puts it on, S. Every time the Gloria Patri is sung, he takes off his cap, and bows during that verse, then he puts on his cap ; likewise he takes it off, and bows at the names of Jesus, Mary, and of the saint whose feast is celebrated. 4. After the Psalms have been sung, the celebrant rises, sings the chapter, intones the hymn, during which he remains standing, and intones the antiphon of the MagnificaL 5. Whilst the choir sings the antiphon of the Mag- nificat^ the celebrant sits down ; when the Magnificat is begun, he rises, goes to the altar with his hands joined, and salutes the clergy as usual; when he has arrived at the altar, he makes a profound bow to the cross, goes up, kisses the altar, and makes the incensing as directed for High Mass, After it, he gives the censer to the master of ceremonies (if there be no cope-bearers), goes to the middle, bows to the cross, goes below the steps, makes a profound bow, and goes to his place, where he is incensed with three double swings. 6. After the Magnificat is sung, the celebrant sits down, with his cap on, Avhilst they sing or i"«peat the antiphon of the Magnificat/ then he rises, sings the prayers, and the Dominus vobiscuon; the Penedicamus is to be sung either by the cope-bearers or the choir ; 266 SOLEMN VESPEES. and having said Fidelium animcB^ &c., he goes to the altar in the usual manner. 7. The celebrant when arrived at the altar, if Complin is not to be sung, after having said the words. Pater noster^ in an audible voice, and continued and finished secretly, he says, Dominus det nobis suam pacem^' then the anthem of the Blessed Virgin is said or sung, either standing or kneeling, according to the different pre- scriptions of the Rubrics for the different times; the celebrant standing, says or sings, in the ferial tone, the prayer, and after it, JDivinum auxilium. 8. If the clergy leave the sanctuary, the celebrant "waits till the last couple have made the genuflection, then at the sign made by the master of ceremonies, hav- ing made a profound bow to the altar, he walks with his cap on to the sacristy, and on his entering it, he takes it off, salutes the clergy, and disrobes, as usual. 9. If Complin is to be sung after Vespers, then the celebrant leaves the sanctuary after having said Fidelium animoe^ ecr. JR. S. C, 1 Mart., 1681.) 4. When they are out of the door of the church, they 274 FEAST OF THE PURIFICATION. all put on their caps, the censer-bearer, cross-bearer, acolytes, and master of ceremonies excepted ; but as soon as they re-enter the church, they uncover their heads, the celebrant and deacon only excepted. 5. Coming into the church, the singers chant the response, Obtulerunt^ even if the anthems be not yet finished. 6. The censer-bearer makes a genuflection in the middle of the sanctuary, and carries the censer back to its place. The cross-bearer and the acolytes do not kneel ; they go to the side-table, on which the acolytes place their candlesticks, and the cross-bearer the cross ; the latter goes to the ministers' bench, where he waits for the celebrant and the deacon. 7. The clergy having made a genuflection in the mid- dle of the sanctuary, go to their places, and extinguish their candles. The celebrant and deacon, as they come into the sanctuary, take off their caps, go to the middle of the sanctuary, put out the candles, give them to the master of ceremonies, make the usual bows, go to the ministers' bench, turn towards the altar, and the minis- ters take the cope from the celebrant, help him to put on the chasuble, put on their own vestments, accompany him to the altar, and having made the usual bows, begin Mass, which is said as usual, and is to be sung by the priest that officiated at the distribution of the candles. (JDecr. S. C. B., 12 Jun., 1627.) If a Bishop bless the candles, a priest may say the Mass. When the Mass of the feast of the Purification is to be celebrated, an acolyte should remove from the side- table and the altar all the violet ornaments. Also, when the Mass of said festival is celebrated, the celebrant and the clergy hold lighted candles in their NECESSARY PREPARATIONS. 275 hands during the Gospel; the clergy, moreover, hold them from the Sanctus till after the communion. CHAPTER II. ASH-WEDNESDAY. Article I. Necessary Preparations. 1. In the sacristy, the violet cope and stole, also the cincture, alb, and amice for the celebrant; the folded chasuble and stole of violet color, with the cincture, alb, and amice for the deacon ; the same things (the stole excepted) are to be prepared in the usual place. 2. On the altar, six candlesticks, with the cross and the violet altar-veil. At the Epistle side, a silver vessel containing ashes, and covered either with a violet veil or with its own silver cover. 3. On the side-table, besides the things that are neces- sary for High Mass, the holy-water vase with the sprin- kle ; a small plate with some bread ; a ewer and basin with a towel. On the ministers' bench, the chasuble and maniple for the celebrant ; two other maniples for the ministers, who put them on, after having assisted the celebrant to put on his vestments. 5. In any convenient place, the censer with the incense- boat, and a chafing-dish, with fire and tongs. 276 ASH-WEDNESDAY. Aeticle II. Of the Blessing and Distribution of the Ashes. 1. The deacon and sub-deacon, having put on, as usual, all their vestments (the maniples and folded chas- ubles excepted), help to vest the celebrant with the amice, alb, cincture, stole, and cope ; then they put on their folded chasubles. The signal being given by the master of ceremonies, they all bow to the cross, put on their caps, go out of the sacristy, having the celebrant in the middle, and raising his cope on each side. 2. Having arrived at the altar, they give their caps to the master of ceremonies, kneel, go up to the plat- form, the celebrant kisses the altar in the middle, and the ministers make a genuflection ; then they go to the Epistle side, the celebrant having the sub-deacon at his left, and the deacon at his right ; the master of ceremo- nies uncovers the ashes. 3. There the celebrant, with his hands joined, reads the anthem, Mcaudi^ while it is sung by the choir. 4. After the anthem has been repeated by the singers, the celebrant in the same place, without turning to the people, sings, in a ferial tone, with his hands joined, Dominus vohiscum^ Oremus, bowing as usual to the cross, and then the four following prayers; when he blesses the ashes, he places his left hand on the altar, and the deacon raises his cope, which is also to be observed whenever the celebrant uses the sprinkle or the censer. 5. At the beginning of these prayers the censer-bearer prepares the censer, and at the end of them he goes to the Epistle side, having on his right the first acolyte, who carries the holy-water vase and the sprinkle \ they DISTRIBUTION OF THE ASHES. 277 both kneel, and the censer-bearer goes up to the highest step, that the incense may be put into the censer, and blessed; he then descends, and gives his place to the acolyte, who presents to the deacon the sprinkle, which is presented by him to the celebrant, whose hand, as well as the sprinkle, is kissed by the deacon. The cele- brant sprinkles the ashes thrice, first in the middle, then on the right, and lastly on the left, saying with a low voice, Asperges nie, &c,, but not the Psalm, Miserere, The deacon returns the brush, and having received the censer from the censer-bearer, gives it to the celebrant, who incenses the ashes thrice. 6. The censer-bearer, having received the censer, makes a genuflection to the altar with the acolyte, and they carry the censer and the holy-water vase to their proper places. 7. The celebrant and the ministers proceed to the middle of the altar without their caps ; the deacon, on the left, holds the vessels with the blessed ashes, and the sub-deacon, turned towards the people, stands at the celebrant's right. 8. The signal being given by the master of ceremo- nies, the clergyman who is first in dignity amongst those that are present, goes, without stole, to the highest step, when, forming as usual the sign of the cross, and saying. Memento homo^ eus in adjutoriiim,^ &c. ; then he intones the hymn, Nunc Sancte^ &c. ; one of the singers intones the anti- phon, then the psalm, Legem, pone. Which having been begun, the Bishop and the clergy sit down and put on their caps; the assistant priest and deacons alone re- maining standing by the Bishop. 4. The acolytes bring the book and the hand-candle- stick to the Bishop; the book-bearer kneels down. The Bishop reads the anthem iVe reminiscaris, and the Psalms for the preparation of Mass. The sub-deacon, accompanied by the second master of ceremonies, brings from the table the plate with the sandals and stockings covered with the veil ; six acolytes follow him and sur- round the Bishop's seat ; the sub- deacon, assisted by the second master of ceremonies, takes off the Bishop's shoes and puts on him the stockings and sandals ; afterwards the sub-deacon and acolytes retire to their places. 5. The Psalms having been read, and the anthem, JVe remi7iiscaris^ repeated by the Bishop, he rises, with his head uncovered, and turning towards the altar, says, Kyrie eleison^ with the verse and prayers that follow. Then he takes off the cope, saying the appropriate prayer. The acolytes bring the basin, ewer, and towels, and the Bishop washes his hands, saying the prayer, Da^ Domine. The assistant priest takes off the Bishop's ring before he washes his hands, and puts it on after he has washed them, and presents him the towel to wipe them. 6. When the Bishop rises, after having read the Psalms, the second master of ceremonies goes up to the altar, VESTING OF THE CLERGY AND BISHOP. 355 followed by the acolytes, who, one after another, make first a genuflection before the lower step, go up, receive severally one of the vestments, make another genuflec- tion on the platform, go down and place themselves in a line, beginning at the Gospel side. When all have re- ceived the vestments, that is, the amice, alb, cincture, pectoral cross, stole, cope, and mitre, at a signal given by the master of ceremonies, they make a genuflection, and walk one after another in a line to the Bishop's seat. When the first who carries the amice is arrived before the last step of the Bishop's seat, he and all the others stop one behind another. The second master of cere- monies stops at the left hand of the first acolyte, who, having given the amice, gives his place to the next, goes to his right hand ; they both bow to the Bishop, and the first acolyte returns to his place ; the others do in like manner. 7. Whilst the Bishop is washing his hands, the deacon and sub-deacon go to the throne, and as soon as he has washed his hands, the assistant deacon and priest go down, where, having with the deacon and sub-deacon bowed to the Bishop, the assistant priest and deacons go to put on their vestments in the sacristy ; the deacon goes to the Bishop's right, and the sub-deacon to the left. The deacon receives fi'om the acolytes all the vest- ments, with the assistance of the sub-deacon, that is, the amice, alb, cincture, pectoral cross, stole, cope, and mitre. After which the Bishop takes his seat. The deacon and sub-deacon go down, and having made a bow to the Bishop, together with the assistant priest and deacons, retire to their bench ; the assistant priest and deacons go up to their usual places, and seat them- selves. S56 PONTIFICAL MASS. 8. When all the Psalms, with the anthem, have been sung, which ought to be done slowly, to give sufficient time for the vesting of the Bishop, the second master of ceremonies accompanies the sub-deacon to the place where the Epistle is sung, and the latter turning towards the Bishop, sings the chapter. The bishop, before the sub-deacon begins it, rises with his mitre on ; the clergy likewise rise with their heads uncovered. The sub-dea- con having sung the chapter, returns to his place. The chanters chant the responses and verses ; which, being ended, the acolytes with the candlestick, and those with the book and hand-candlestick, go to the Bishop's seat ; the second assistant deacon takes off the mitre, and the Bishop sings the Dominus vohisGum^ and the prayer from the book, which the assistant priest holds before him. 9. The singers having sung Benediccmius Domino^ and the choir answered Deo gratias^ the deacon and sub- deacon return to the Bishop's side, exchanging places with the two assistant deacons ; they take off the cope from the Bishop, and give it to an acolyte, who carries it to the sacristy. In the mean while, the second mas- ter of ceremonies gives to the acolytes, in the same manner as in n. 6, the tunic, dalmatic, the plate with the gloves, the chasuble, and the crosier, and the plate with the ring. The acolytes, with the book and the candle, go to the Bishop's seat, and the acolytes with the vest- ments also go at a signal given by the master of cere- monies. 10. The deacon and sub-deacon vest the Bishoj), who reads the prayers appointed for each vestment. If he be an Archbishop, after he has put on the chas- u"We, a sub-deacon brings from the altar the pallium, VESTING OF THE CLERGY AND BISHOP. 357 gives it to the deacon, who, assisted by the sub-deacon, puts it on him. Then the Bishop sits, and the deacon puts on him the mitre, and the assistant priest the ring on his finger. 11. The Bishop having thus put on all the sacred vest- ments, the deacon and sub-deacon retire to their bench, and give their places to the two assistant deacons. If Tierce has been sung in the chapel, or Secretarium, the censer-bearer comes to the Bishop with the censer and boat, gives it to the assistant priest, and the Bishop puts the incense into the censer and blesses it. • Then they go to the high altar in procession, in the following order : the censer-bearer first, the cross-bearer in sub- deacon's dress, between the acolytes carrying the candle- sticks, the clergy in surplices, those in dalmatics, the priests in chasuble, those in cope, all two by two. Then the sub-deacon, who is to officiate at Mass, carrying be- . fore his breast the Missal closed, with the Bishop's man- iple in it ; after him the deacon at the left of the assist- ant priest, in cope ; last, the Bishop between the two assistant deacons, with the crosier in his left, and bless- ing the people with his right hand. After the Bishop follow the acolytes, who carry the cross, mitre, book, hand-candlestick, &c., two*by two. As the clergy arrive in the sanctuary, they make a genuflection in the middle, bow to one another, and go to their places. The Bishop goes to the altar and be- gins Mass, as will be said hereafter. If the poutiflfbe an Archbishop, the archiepiscopal cross is carried by the cross-bearer in sub-deacon's dress, im- mediately before the clergy in sacred vestments. 358 PONTIFICAL MASS. Article III. Tlie Pontifical Mass. 1. The Bishop rises, takes the crosier in his left hand, and with his right blesses the clergy (who arise and bow to him) and the people as he goes to the altar between the two assistant deacons. The deacon and sub-deacon put on theii' maniples. The second, master of ceremonies gives the Missal with the Bishop's maniple in it to the sub-deacon, and all go to the altar. 2. The Bishop having arrived before the lower step, in the middle, the two assistant deacons give place to the assistant priest, who goes to the Bishop's right, and to the deacon, w^ho goes to the left, and place themselves at a little distance behind them, the sub-deacon goes to the left of the deacon, and remains a little behind him, giving the book to the master of ceremonies. The aco- lytes who carry the crosier and 'the mitre, place them- selves a little behind the two assistant deacons. The Bishop, after his mitre has been taken off by the deacon, makes a profound bow to the cross, and all the others make a genuflection. Then the Bishop begins the Con- fession, &c.. In nomine Patris^ &c. ; at the words Et vos fratres^ he turns himself towards the ministers, and they, at the words Tibi^ pater^ &c., bow to the Bishop. After the prayer, Absolutioneni et remissionem^ the sub-deacon taking the maniple out of the Missal, gives it to the bishop to kiss, and puts it on his arm. 4. Whilst the Bishop makes the confession, all the clergy in sacred vestments standing, make it alternately, two by tw^o. The inferior clergy kneel down during the confession. After it, the Bishop goes up to the BEGINNING. 359 altar as usual, but the assistant priest passes to his left, and the deacon to his right hand. The sub-deacon at the Gospel side goes up with the Missal, which he with the assistant priest present open to the Bishop, who, after having kissed the altar, touching it with both his hands, kisses it at the beginning of the Gospel to be read on that day. 5. The incense is then put into the censer and blessed, the deacon offering the boat, and presenting the censer to the Bishop, who incenses the altar, as usual ; and after it, standing with his mitre on, by the corner of the altar, at the Gospel side, he is incensed by the deacon ; then, having received the crosier, and made from the same place a reverence to the cross, he goes, between the two assistant deacons, to his seat. The deacon and sub-dea- con go to their bench on the Epistle side. The Bishop, standing, without mitre, making the sign of the cross on himself, reads the Introit^ from the book which the aco- lyte holds open before him; another acolyte holding near him the hand-candlestick, and the assistant deacons and priests turning the leaves of the book when neces- sary. Then he says, alternately with them, Kyrie elei- son. The same is said likewise by the deacon and sub- deacon, and by all the clergy, two by two, alternately. Afterwards the Bishop sits down, and the first deacon puts on him the lighter mitre and the apron. All the clergy also sit at their places. 6. After the Kyrie is sung by the choir, all rise, and the Bishop, without mitre, turned towards the altar, sings, Gloria in excelsis Deo^ the assistant priest hold- ing the book before him, whilst he sings those words ; but whilst he reads the rest, the book is held by the acolyte. The same is to be observed on all other occa- 360 PONTIFICAL MASS. sions, viz. : when the Bishop sings, the assistant priest holds the book ; but when he reads, the acolyte holds it, and the assistant deacons point out what is to be read, and turn the leaves of the book. The assistants say with the Bishop, in a low voice, the rest of the Angeli- cal Hymn, likewise the deacon and sub-deacon, and all the clergy. The hymn having been recited, the Bishop and the clergy sit down, and the deacon puts the lighter mitre on the Bishop, and the apron on his lap. The choir having sung the Gloria^ the deacon takes oif the Bishop's mitre and the apron ; all rise ; and the Bishop, turned towards the people, sings. Pax vohis, and the prayer ; after which all sit down, and the deacon puts on the Bishop the mitre, and the apron on his lap. 7. The sub-deacon having received, from the second master of ceremonies, the Missal, and holding it on his br^east, goes, attended by the same, to the middle, makes a genuflection to the altar, bows to the Bishop and to the clergy, goes to the Epistle side, and, turned towards the Bishop, sings the Epistle ; after it, he makes the usual genuflection and bow, goes to the Bishop, kneels before him, lays the book on his knees, and kisses the Bishop's hand, placed on the book, and having received his blessing, returns to his place, where he o-ives the book to the master of ceremonies. 8. After the sub-deacon has kissed the Bishop's hand, the acolytes, with the book and the hand-candlestick, go before him ; and the Bishop sitting, with his mitre on, reads the Epistle, Tract, and says the Mwnda cor meum^ 80 PONTIFICAL MASS 4. On the altar, the Bishop's vestments, viz., a black chasuble, dalmatic, tunic, stole, and maniple, cincture, alb, and amice. The pectoral cross and ring on a plate ; and a plain white mitre. The Bishop does not use sandals, gloves, or crosier at this Mass. The tabernacle may be covered with purple, or not covered. 5. In the sacristy, a black cope for the assistant priest ; two black dalmatics, two cinctures, albs, and amices for the two assistant deacons; also a black dalmatic and stole, with a cincture, alb, and amice for the officiating deacon; and a tunic, cincture, alb, and amice for the sub-deacon. Moreover, as many black copes, chasubles, dalmatics, and tunics, with amices, albs, and cinctures, as may be required for the clergy, who assist in sacred vestments at the Pontifical Mass. Lastly, a cope for the Bishop, to be taken to him by an acolyte after Mass. 6. A black carpet and four candlesticks must be kept ready, in a convenient place, to be extended before the Bishop's seat after Mass, for the absolution, unless a cenotaph or monument be erected in the middle of the church ; in this case, the processional cross is to be pre- pared at the Epistle side. Aeticle il. From the Beginning to the End of Mass, 1. The Bishop goes to the sacristy as usual. 2. The clergy should put on their respective vestments before the Bishop arrives at the sacristy. 3. They all go from the sacristy to the sanctuary. FOR THE DEAD. 381 4. The Bishop having arrived at his seat, attended by the deacon and sub-deacon, and the assistant priest (the assistant deacon remaining at the minister's bench whilst the Bishop is dressing), does not say the anthem, ISfe re- miniscaris^ nor the Psalms v^^hich follow ; but he takes off his cape, reading, from the book which is held open before him by an acolyte, the prayer, JExue^ &c. ; he then washes his hands, puts on the vestments prepared on the altar, as in Art. 1, n. 4, saying the respective prayers, and having received the mitre, sits for a short time ; the assistant deacons go to his side, and the dea- con and sub-deacon go to put on their maniples. At this Mass, whenever the ministers give any thing to the celebrant, or receive it from him, they do not kiss it, nor the celebrant's hand. * During the Collects, the clergy in the sanctuary, with the exception of the Bishop's assistants, kneel down, as also from the Sanctus till the Pater JVoster. 5. The Bishop being vested, he and the assistants and ministers go to the altar, and take their places as directed above. The Psalm, Judica, is not said. After the Con- fession, he says the usual prayers, goes up to the altar with the assistant priest, deacon, and sub-deacon ; he then kisses the altar, but not the Missal ; neither does he in- cense the cross or the altar ; having kissed the altar, he returns to his seat between the assistant deacons; and the deacon and sub-deacon go to their seat. 6. The Bishop having returned to his seat, takes off the mitre ; the acolyte holding the book before him, he reads the Introit, and says the Kyrie^ alternately with his assistants, which last is said likewise by the deacon and sub-deacon, and all the clergy in the sanctuary. 7. After the choir has finished singing the Kyrie^ the 382 PONTIFICAL MASS Bishop rising, Ms head being uncovered, sings, Dominus vohisciim^ and the Collect. He then sits with his mitre on. The sub-deacon sings the Epistle as usual ; but after it, he does not go to the Bishop to receive his bless- ing. ' The Bishop, after the sub-deacon has sung the Epistle, reads it, w'lXh the Tract and Sequeritiay says, Munda cor Tneum^ &c., but not Jube Doinne^ ei, which he says at his seat ; but the priests in the sanctuary do not go before his seat. 7. At the Post Communion^ he goes again to the middle, and kneels as before; he then returns to his seat, but he does not give the blessing. 8. After Mass, he performs the absolution, observing what has been said in the foregoing chapter. INSTRUCTION FOR THE ASSISTAI^T PRIEST. o87 CHAPTER XIII. PARTICULAE INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE DIFFERENT OFFICERS WHO ATTEND THE BISHOP. Article I. INSTRUCTION FOR THE ASSISTANT PRIEST. Section 1. — His Quality^ Dress^ and Place. 1. The assistant priest, who, in the Pontifical, is some- times called by the name of archdeacon, is the first amongst all the ministers of the Bishop. Therefore this office should generall}*- be exercised by the most con- spicuous clergyman, who holds the first rank in the diocese. 2. His dress, when the Bishop officiates pontifically, is the amice over his surplice (or rochet, if he be entitled to wear it), and the cope. 3. He sits on a stool placed on the platform of the pontifical chair, and at the left of the second assistant deacon; however, should the place not allow this ar- rangement, he may sit at the right of the first assistant deacon; in either case, his stool must not be on the same line with those of the assistant deacons, but a little forward towards the steps of the platform. Section II. — JECis Office in general, 1. The assistant priest, after the Bishop is dressed, puts the ring on his finger ; he also tak^s it ofi" every time the Bishop is to wash his hands, and puts it on his 388 INSTRUCTIONS FOR finger again, and presents to him the towel ; he holds the book on his head before the Bishop, whenever he sings any thing out of it at Vespers or High Mass ; but when the Bishop reads, the book is to be held by an acolyte ; he holds the incense-boat, and presents the spoon to the Bishop every time the Bishop is to put the incense into the censer, and says, JBenedicite^ Pater Meverendissime ; but at Mass, only when he is at his pontifical chair, for the deacon is to present it when he is at the altar at Mass. He incenses the Bishop when he is at his chair. Section III. — His Office at Pontifical Vespers. 1. The assistant priest holds the book before the Bishop when he intones the first antiphon. 2. Standing at his place he intones the third antiphon. 3. He holds the book when the Bishop intones the hymn ; after the antiphon of the Magnificat has been intoned, he presents the spoon to the Bishop, to put in the in- cense, kissing, as usual, both the spoon and the Bishop's hand, and saying, £enedicite, &c. When the Magnifir- cat is begun, he walks before the Bishop to the altar ; on arriving there, after the Bishop has kissed it, he gives him the censer with the usual kisses ; after the incensing, he takes it back, and gives it to the censer-bearer ; re- turns to the Bishop's seat, walking before him, and there standing below the lowest step, he incenses the Bishop with three double swings, goes up to his seat, is incensed with two double swings, holds the book before the Bishop whilst he sings the prayer, then returns to his place, and after Vespers takes oflf his cope as usual. ASSISTANT PRIEST. 389 Section IV. — The Office of the Assistant Priest at Pontifical Mass. 1. As the assistant priest particularly attends the Bishop at the book, it is his duty to prepare, find, and mark, with the usual ribbons in the Missal, the Mass of the day, the commemorations, and whatever is to be read or sung by the Bishop, to whom he is to point out every thing, and suggest what he has to sing or read. 2. The assistant priest j^uts on the cope over the amice, which he puts over the surplice, or rochet if he be entitled to wear it. Whilst the Bishop reads the Psalms for the preparation of Mass, standing near the first or second assistant deacon, he answers together with them, and alternately with the Bishop ; then he ofiers the towel to the Bishop, when he washes his hands ; holds the book before the Bishop at the prayer of Tierce ; puts the ring on the Bishop's finger after he is vested, offers the spoon, when the Bishop puts incense into the censer, walks to the high altar at the right of the officiating deacon, places himself near the Bishop, and at his right below the lowest step, makes a genu- flection, answers to the confession, making a profound bow to the Bishop, when he says Et tibi Pater^ and M te Pater. 3. When the Bishop has kissed the altar, the assistant priest holds the Missal on his side, whilst the Bishop kisses it, and retires on the Gospel side, below the steps, during the incensing ; after it, he walks to the Bishop's chair before him ; there he stands at his place, whilst the Bishop reads the Introit and Kyrie^ to which he an- swers with the assistant deacons \ after it, he sits. He 33* 890 PONTIFICAL MASS. holds the Missal whilst the Bishop sings Gloria m ex- celsis Deoj gives it to the acolyte after the Bishop has sung those words ; holds it again before him whilst he sings the prayers; and incenses the Bishop after the Gospel. During the sermon, if the Bishop preaches at his seat, he sits at his usual place ; but if he preaches at the altar, he sits at the right of the- Bishop, and the dea- con at the left. After the deacon has sung the Gon- fiteor^ the assistant priest publishes the Indulgences. But if the assistant priest preaches (for he that preaches at the Pontifical Mass ought to perform the office of as- sistant priest), after the Gospel, having incensed the Bishop, he asks his benediction, saying, Juhe Domne henedicere^ kisses his hand, preaches dressed as he is in cope, and after the Confiteor^ sung by the deacon from the pulpit, publishes the Indulgences. 4. The Bishop having read the Offertory, the assistant priest attends him with the towel, when he washes his hands, puts the ring on his finger, carries the Missal to the altar, goes to the altar walking before the Bishop ; in case, for greater convenience, the Missal was carried thither by an acolyte, the assistant priest attends the Bishop, standing at his left near the book, and turns the leaves, when necessary ; when the Bishop incenses the sacred offerings and the altar, the assistant priest takes the Missal with its stand from the altar, and retires with it to the Gospel side, below the steps ; after the incens- ing, he puts it back in the same place, and remains near it to attend the Bishop. He says Sanctus^ with the Bishop, kneels only at the elevation, and makes a genu- fliection whenever the Bishop makes it. He says with him, Agnus Deij after it, he exchanges place with the deacon, and when the Bishop says the first prayer, Do- ASSISTANT PRIEST. 391 mine Jesu Christe^ he kneels at his right ; after it, he rises, kisses the altar at the same time with the cele- brant, receives from him the Pax^ approaching his left cheek to the celebrant's left cheek ; and when he has said Pax tecum^ the assistant priest answers, Et cum spiritu tuo. Then he makes a genuflection, and, at- tended by the master of ceremonies, gives the JPax to those of the clergy on each side of the sanctuary who occupy the first places or stalls on each row, making no reverence before he gives it, but only after he has given it. Lastly, he gives it to the master of ceremonies, by whom he was accompanied. 5. The assistant priest, after having given the Pax to the master of ceremonies, returns to his place, at the left of the Bishop ; after the ablution, he carries the Missal from the Gospel side to the Epistle side, attends the Bishop when he washes his hands, presenting to him the towel, goes near the book at the right of the Bishop, and when the Indulgences have not been published, if there has not been any sermon, he publishes them after the Bishop has given the blessing Section Y.— The Office of the Assistant Priest^ when the Bishop does not celebrate himself^ but only assists at Mass or Vespers celebrated by others, 1. When the Bishop does not celebrate, but assists either in cope, or in his large mantle, or in cape, the assistant priest attends him in his usual choral dress, viz., in surplice, or in rochet, if he be entitled to use it. 2. The assistant priest presents the incense-boat to the Bishop, incenses him, if he assists in cope and mitre after the Introit, after the Gospel and at the Offertory ; 392 PONTIFICAL MASS. after the Agents Dei^ he goes to the altar, kneels, rises, kisses the altar, receives the Pax from the celebrant, gives it to the Bishop, Avho gives it to his assistant dea- cons, and on returning to his seat he gives it to the sub- deacon, by whom it is given to the clergy ; but if Mass be celebrated by a prelate, who has his own assistant priest, the latter receives it from the Bishop's assistant priest, and gives it to the others. Aeticle II. INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE TWO ASSISTANT DEACONS. Section 1 . — Their Quality^ Dress^ and Place. 1. Whenever the Bishop officiates pontifically, either for Mass or for Vespers, two clergymen, the highest in dignity next to him that performs the office of assistant priest, ought to attend the Bishop. 2. They ought to be dressed in rochet or surplice, amice and dalmatic; they wear neither maniples nor stoles. Custom permits them to wear albs, instead of rochet or surplice ; and this use prevails throughout this country ; it may, therefore, be followed. 3. The assistant deacons sit on each side of the Bishop, on two stools placed on the platform, whereon stands the Bishop's chair. They walk at his side, and if he is dressed in cope, they raise it, each on his own side. 4. A bishop officiating out of his diocese is not enti- tled to have the two assistant deacons. Section II. — The Office of the two Assistant Deacons at the Po7itifical Yespers. 1. Whenever the Bishop kneels before the altar at ASSISTANT DEACONS. 393 the faldstool, the assistant deacons adjust the sides of his cope. 2. The second assistant deacon, at the Bishop's left, takes off the mitre, and gives it to the acolyte ; the first assistant deacon at his right takes off his cap, and gently presses down his hair, every time the Bishop is to take off his mitre. 3. The first assistant deacon, at the Bishop's right, having first put on him his cap, puts also the mitre on him, and the second assistant priest helps him, and fixes behind him the mitre-bands every time the Bishop is to put on the mitre. Every time the Bishop raises his hand, either to make the sign of the cross on himself, or to bless some person or thing, or to put incense into the censer, or to strike his breast, or to incense the altar, or to do any thing else, the first assistant deacon raises the celebrant's cope on his side; likewise, whenever the Bishop raises both his hands, when he has to read any thing out of the book, or to give the solemn blessing, both assistant deacons, on each side of him, raise his cope. Whenever the Bishop sings, or reads any thing from the book, the two assistant deacons, on each side, put their hands on the book, the first assistant deacon turns the leaves of the boak, and the second points out what he has to sing or read. Section III. — The Office of the Assistant Deacons at the Pontifical Mass, 1. The assistant deacons go to the side of the Bishop, as soon as he is dressed for Tierce, and sit there till the chapter is sung. Then they rise, the second assistant deacon takes off the Bishop's mitre, and they both at- tend him standing till Tierce is finished ; then they give 394: PONTIFICAL MASS. their places to the deacon and sub-deacon. When the bishop has put on all the vestments for Mass, they re- turn to his side, walk with him to the altar, where, be- ing arrived, the second assistant deacon takes off his mitre, and they make a genuflection ; the first assistant deacon gives his place to the assistant priest, the second assistant deacon to the oflaciating deacon, and retiring each behind him to whom he gave w^ay, remain there answering, and bowing profoundly at the Confiteor; during the incensing, they go up to the second step, the jfirst assistant deacon towards the Epistle side, and the second assistant deacon towards the Gospel side, and re- main there till it is finished ; then the first assistant dea- con puts the mitre on the Bishop ; after the Bishop has been incensed, they both go at his side to the pontifical chair, the second assistant deacon takes off his mitre, they both attend him standing whilst he reads the 7h- troit and ^yrie^ to which they answer ; then the first assistant deacon (if the choir have not done singing the JKyrie) puts on him the mitre, and both seat themselves. The Kyrie being sung, they rise ; the second assistant deacon takes off the Bishop's mitre ; they attend him whilst he reads the Gloria^ and when he has finished it, and seated himself, the first assistant deacon puts the mitre on him. After the Gloria has been sung by the choir, they both rise, the second assistant deacon takes off the Bishop's mitre, and both attend him whilst he sings the prayer and the Collects ; after them, the first assistant deacon puts on him the mitre, and they both sit whilst the Epistle is sung ; they rise after it, and, standing, attend the Bishop whilst he reads the Epistle, Tract, articularly observed for these Matins. 4. The church and sanctuary must be illuminated with a sufficient number of candies. 5. Another table, besides the usual side-table, is to be prepared, and all the sacred vestments for the Pontifical Mass should be placed on it ; also a cope to be worn by the Bishop during the Te Dewn. 6. At the third nocturn, whilst the choir sings the Psalm, Miser icordias Domini^ the Bishop attended, by the two assistants in surplice, reads the antiphon and Psalms for the preparation of Mass, out of the book, which is held open before him by an acolyte, who has at his side another acolyte with a candlestick ; and in the mean time the Bishop's stockings and sandals are put on. 418 PONTIFICAL CEREMONIES. The deacon and sub-deacon go also, at the beginning of the third nocturn, to the sacristy, where they put on the sacred vestments. The Bishop ought to finish the prep- aration in time to be ready to sing, A vlnculis, &c., be- fore the Lessons. The two assistants, after the prepara- tion, return to their seats ; but they go again to the side of the Bishop, when he sings the last Lesson ; after which, having intoned the Te Deum^ the deacon and sub-deacon go to his side, and the two assistants go to put on the sacred vestments ; the acolytes, with the book and candlestick, go before the Bishop ; the master of ceremonies, having given the Bishop's vestments to the acolytes, goes also with them before the Bishop, who, after having put on the stole, receives the cope, and re- mains standing till the end of the Te Deuni^ he then sings Do'ininus vohiscum and tlie prayer ; after which he repeats Dominus vobiscutn, and whilst the singers sing, Benedicamus Domino^ the Bishop takes oif the cope, puts on the other vestments for Mass, which he celebrates as usual. During the Te Deum^ the clergy put on the sacred vestments. 7. At the Incarnatus^ the Bishop and all the clergy kneel. 8. The Bishop does not take the ablutions, because he is to sing the third Mass ; he washes his fingers in an- other chalice or vessel. 9. Lauds are sung as directed page 348. FESTIVALS CHRISTMAS TO CANDLEMAS. 419 CHAPTER IV. FESTIVALS BETWEEN CHEISTMAS AND CANDLEMAS. 1. The Bishop may celebrate these festivals with more or less solemnity, as he thinks proper. 2. However, on ISTew Year's day, he ought to assist at Mass in cope, as directed page 371. 3. On the Epiphany, he ought to celebrate pontifi- cally, as directed page 348. On the same day, after the Gospel has been sung, a clergyman in cope goes to the pulpit, and publishes the movable feasts, singing what is prescribed for this pur- pose in the Roman Pontifical. 4. On other festivals, the Bishop may assist at Mass in cape or in his long robe, as directed page 371. ' CHAPTER Y. CANDLEMAS. Things to be Prepared. 1. In the sanctuary, between the Bishop's seat and the altar, a table entirely covered with a Avhite linen cloth, and on it a sufficient number of candles for the Bishop and clergy. 2. On the side-table, besides every thing necessary for High Mass celebrated in presence of the Bishop, the holy-water vase, the basin, ewer, towels on a plate, and 420 PONTIFICAL CKKEMONIES. some slices of bread on another plate, for cleansing the Bishop's hands ; an apron beautifully embroidered, to be put on the Bishop's knees at the distribution of the candles. 3. Near the side-table, the processional cross ; and in a convenient place the censer with the incense-boat, a chafing-dish with fire and tongs. 4. In front of the altar, a violet veil over another of a white color, to be removed after the procession, unless the Mass be not of the Blessed Virgin. 5. On the altar, the Bishop's ornaments, viz., the violet cope and stole, the pectoral cross, the cincture, alb, amice, and mitre, besides the crosier at the angle be- tween the altar and the steps. 6. In the sacristy, a violet cope for the assistant priest, two violet chasubles folded, with two cinctures, albs, and amices for the assistant deacons, and violet vestments for all the clergy, as before directed. 7. The clergy put on their vestments in the sacristy ; the Bishop goes thither as before directed. They go out from the sacristy to the sanctuary, as di- rected page 353. The Bishop is vested as prescribed at page 354. 8. The Bishop being vested, takes off the mitre, and rises ; the acolytes go before him with the book and the candlestick, and the Bishop, standing turned a little to- wards the candles, blesses them, singing in the ferial tone what is prescribed in the Missal for this purpose. When he begins the last prayer, the two acolytes go be- fore him with the censer and incense-boat, and the holy- water vase. 9. After the prayers, the Bishop puts incense into the censer and blesses it ; then having received the sprinkle CANDLEMAS. 421 from the assistant priest, he sprinkles the candles three times; afterwards he incenses them also thrice, after which he sits, and puts on the mitre. Then the clergy- man first in dignity, having been previously invited by the master of ceremonies, goes befoi'e the Bishop, makes a bow to him, and gives him the candle, which he kisses as well as the hand of the Bishop, who gives the candle to the master of ceremonies to be kept by one of the acolytes. 10. Then the apron, prepared for the purpose, is put on the Bishop's knees. One of the acolytes brings the candles to be distributed, gives them, one by one, to the second assistant deacon, who presents them to the Bishop, who distributes them, first to the clergyman from whom he received the candle, then to the assistant priest, the assistant deacons, and all the clergy, who go to receive them, according to their order and rank ; all receive them kneeling, and kiss, first the candle, then the Bish- op's hand. In the mean time, the candles are distributed to the people by one or two priests ; and during the dis- tribution the choir sings, Lumen ad revelationem, 11. After the distribution, the Bishop washes his hands. The antiphon, Exurge^ having been repeated, the Bishop takes off his mitre, rises and sings Oremus, the first deacon sings Flectaniits genua^ and the second, Levate^ only after Septuagesima, but not on Sunday, and the Bishop sings the prayer, Exaudi qumswnus^ after w^hich he sits, puts on the mitre, puts the incense into the censer and blesses it. 12. In the mean time, the candles are lighted, and every thing is arranged for the procession around the church. The censer-bearer, with his censer, goes to the middle of the sanctuary, behind the sub-deacon, in his 36 422 PONTIFICAL CEREMONIES. folded chasuble, carrying the cross, and having the aco- lytes, with their candlesticks and lighted candles, at his side. The first deacon sings JProcedamus in pace^ the choir answers. In nomine Christie Amen. Then the procession moves from the sanctuary in the following order: first the censer-bearer, then the cross-bearer with the acolytes, afterwards the clergy, two by two, according to their order, all carrying their candles; lastly, the Bishop, between the assistant deacons, carry- ing the candle in his left hand, and blessing the people with his right. 13. During the procession, the priest who is to sing Mass, and the deacon and the sub-deacon, go to the sacristy, and put on their respective vestments, — white, if Mass is of the Blessed Virgin, violet, if of the Sunday. Also the violet altar-veil is removed, if Mass is of the Blessed Virgin. 14. After the procession, the clergy take off their sacred vestments in the sacristy, and extinguish their candles. The Bishop goes to his seat, takes off the violet cope and stole, and puts on the white, which an acolyte should bring thither in time. But if Mass is of the Sunday, the Bishop does not change his vestments. 15. Then the celebrant, preceded by the deacon and sub-deacon, goes to the altar, and Mass is celebrated as directed page 358. 16. The clergy hold in their hands lighted candles, from the beginning to the end of the Gospel, and from the consecration to the communion, except the Mass of Sunday be said. ASH-WEDNESDAY. 423 CHAPTER VI. ASH- WEDNESDAY. Article I. Tilings to he prepared. 1. On the side-table, besides every thing necessary for High Mass, the following should be prepared : the holy-water vase, the ewer with the basin, a plate "with some towels, another with slices of bread to cleanse the Bishop's hands, a tow^el to be placed on the Bishop's knees during the distribution of the ashes, a Missal for the-Bishop, the candlestick andalarge stole for the deacon, 2. On the altar, the Bishop's vestments, viz., a violet cope and stole, pectoral cross, cincture, alb, amice, mitre, and crosier; also a vase containing the ashes to be blessed, made of branches blessed on Palm Sunday the year preceding. 3. In the sacristy, the sacred vestments for the cele- brant, deacon, and sub-deacon (the two latter make use of folded chasubles), also two folded chasubles for the assistant deacons, a Q,o^^Q for the assistant priest, and a sufficient number of sacred vestments for the clergy, ac- cording to their order and dignity, the censer with the incense boat, a chafing-dish with fire and tongs. Article IL From the entrance of the JBishop into the sacristy^ to the end of the blessing and distribution of the ashes. I 1. The Bishop goes to the sacristy, attended as be- 4:24: PONTIFICAL CEREMOMIES. fore directed. The clergy put on their vestments in the sacristy ; they go out from the sacristy to the sanctuary, as directed page 353, except that the celebrant, preceded by the deacon and sub-deacon, walks immediately before the assistant priest. 2. On arriving at the sanctuary, the clergy go to their usual places, the celebrant, with the deacon and sub- deacon, to their bench, and the Bishop, with his assist- ants, to his seat, after having respectively made the usual genuflections and bows. The Bishop is vested as directed page 354. 3. The sub-deacon, attended by the second master of ceremonies, goes up to the altar, and taking, with both hands, the vase containing the ashes, carries it, raised before his face, to the throne, and holds it there, kneeling at the right of the Bishop, till the end of the blessing. 4. The acolytes, with the book and the candlestick, go before the bishop, who, sitting with the mitre on, reads the antiphon, Mcaudi nos/ which being repeated after the Psalm by the choir, the Bishop rises, with his head uncovered, and sings, in the ferial tone, Dominus voMscumy Oremus, and the four prayers as in the Missal. 5. After the prayers, the Bishop puts incense into the censer and blesses it, sprinkles and incenses the ashes three times. 6. Then he sits with his head uncovered; the cele- brant, accompanied by the muster of ceremonies, goes to the Bishop, and having bowed to him, puts ashes on his head, saying, Memento honio^ &c. 7. The Bishop puts on the mitre, the apron is placed on his knees, and he puts ashes on the head of the cele- ASH- WEDNESDAY. 425 brant, who stands inclined before him; to whom he says, Memento^ APPENDIX. CHAPTER I. FORTY-HOURS* EXPOSITION. Article I. Things to he prepared for the Mass of the Exposition, 1. The picture or image of the high alto.r, as well as the walls near it, should be covered with precious drapery ; but representing nothing profane. 2. The altar ought to be prepared as well as possible. No statues or relics of saints should be placed on or about it. In the most conspicuous place of it, should be erected the throne, or exposition place for the Blessed Sacrament, with a pall or corporal on it. It should be surrounded with a sufficient number of candles near it, besides those that are on the steps of the altar. The front altar-veil must always be white, although the Mass may require another color. 3. On the side-table, besides what is usually necessary for High Masses, should be a cope of the color of the vestments for the celebrant, the book containing the Litany and prayers, the remonstrance covered with a white veil, and the Host to be consecrated fixed in the little half-moon that holds it, a stole for the priest who is to expose the Blessed Sacrament. 500 APPENDIX. 4. In the sanctuary, a bench covered with a cloth or carpet for the clergy who remain at the adoration. 5. In the sacristy, the usual vestments for the cele- brant and ministers. 6. In any convenient place, the processional canopy, the umbrella, the processional cross, two censers with their boats, candles for the procession, and two books with the Litany for the chanters. Aeticle II. Of the Mass for the Exposition. 1. The Mass for the exposition and reposition, is to be sung at the altar where the exposition is made. The Mass should be the solemn Votiva of the Blessed Sacra- ment, with the Gloria and Credo^ and with the com- memoration of the Sunday, and of the feasts of either double or semi-double rite. But on Sundays of first or second class, on festivals of double rite of first or second class, on Ash- Wednesday, on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday in Holy Week, during the whole octave of Easter, Pentecost, and Epiphany, on the vigils of Christ- mas and Pentecost, and within all privileged octaves, that exclude the celebration of vestivals of first and second class, either translated or falling on those days, the Mass of the Blessed Sacrament cannot be sung, but the Mass occurring on that day is to be celebrated with the prayer of the Blessed Sacrament, &ub unica conclu- sione^ with the Preface, de Nativitate^ if the Mass of the day has not a proper preface ; and should those festivals fall on Sunday, the prayer of the Blessed Sacrament is to be said, Suh unica corvdusione^ with that of the Saint, FORTY HouKs' i:xposrnoN. 501 and the commemoration of the Sunday is to be made afterwards, under its proper conchision. 2. This Mass is celebrated as other High Masses, hav- ing nothing particular, except that another large Host is to be consecrated with that of the Mass. 3. The acolytes, who hold the candles for the eleva- tion, must not leave the sanctuary before the consecrated Host is placed in the remonstrance ; and before they go, they must make a genuflection on both knees. 4. The acolytes should light all the candles of the altar prepared for the exposition before the elevation. 5. After the celebrant has consumed the precious blood, the deacon and sub-deacon make a genuflection, exchange places, make another genuflection ; the master of ceremonies carries the remonstrance to the altar ; and the celebrant, assisted by the deacon, places the sacred Host in the remonstrance, the deacon shuts it and places it in the middle of the corporal ; the deacon and sub- deacon again exchange places. During the remaining part of the Mass, the ministers omit the usual kisses in giving or receiving any thing from the celebrant. 6. The celebrant in the usual place makes the ablu- tion of his fingers; after which, the ministers make a genuflection and exchange places; the sub-deacon wipes the chalice, and covers it as usual, leaving the corporal spread on the altar, taking care to retire a little, whilst the celebrant says, Dominus vohiscumj he then makes a genuflection on the platform, and on the lowest step, as he passes before the Blessed Sacrament, and having brought the chalice to the side-table, goes to his place behind the deacon. v. The celebrant having given the chalice to the sub- deacon, makes a genuflection, and goes to read the Com- 502 APPENDIX. munio; then he returns to the middle, kisses the altar, makes a genuflection with the deacon, turns to the peo- ple from the Gospel side, so as not to turn his back to the Blessed Sacrament ; says, Dominus vobisciim, makes again a genuflection with the ministers, goes to sing the prayers; after having sung them, returns to the middle, kisses the altar, makes a genuflection with the ministers, turns to the people as before, says, Dominus vobiscian; in the mean while, the deacon makes another genuflec- tion, turns to the people in the same manner as the cele- brant, and sings, Ite^ missa est. Then the celebrant and the ministers make a genuflection ; the celebrant says, Placeat, &c., and the ministers kneel on the plat- form for the benediction. 8. The celebrant having said the Placeat^ kisses the altar, says, JBenedicat vos^' instead of bowing, makes a genuflection, turns as for the Dorrdnus vohiscum, blesses the people, without completing the circle, and without making another genuflection, turns on his left, says the Gospel, does not make the sign of the cross on the altar, but he makes it on his forehead, mouth, and breast, and saying, JEt verbum caro, he makes a genuflection to the Blessed Sacrament. 9. After Mass, the ministers go up to the platform at the side of the celebrant, and having made a genuflec- tion on one knee, go directly by the side steps to the bench. 10. Towards the end of Mass, the acolytes give the candles to the clergy and light them ; the two censer- bearers prepare their censers, and whilst the celebrant reads the last Gospel, the latter go to the altar and make a genuflection on both knees. FORTY HOCKS EXPOSITION. 603 Akticle III. Of the Procession for the Exposition. 1. The celebrant and tlie ministers, on ai'riving at the bench, take off their maniples ; the celebrant, moreover, takes off his cliasuble and puts on the cope, puts incense in both censers, without blessing it, the deacon pre- senting the incense-boat, and goes Avith them to the middle, below the steps, where he makes with them a genuflection on both knees, kneels on the lowest step, and incenses the Blessed Sacrament with three double throws. 2. In the mean time, the master of ceremonies brings from the side-table the long veil, and puts it on the celebrant, after he has given the censer to the deacon. The censer-bearers go to each side of the altar, and the acolytes give the canopy to those who are to carry it. 3. The celebrant having incensed the Blessed Sacra- ment, goes up to the second step with the deacon and sub-deacon ; the celebrant and the sub-deacon kneel, and the deacon goes up to the altar, makes a genuflection on one knee, takes the Blessed Sacrament without bow- ing, and standing gives it to the celebrant ; then the deacon makes a genuflection, and at the same time bows, goes to the celebrant's right, who, with the ministers, goes up to the platform, and they turn towards the people in such a manner that the deacon be at the right, and the sub-deacon at the left of the celebrant, whose cope they raise on each side; a priest in surplice holds the umbrella opened over the Blessed Sacrament, and the singers intone the Pange Lingua. 4. The procession moves in the following order : the 504 APPENDIX. cross-bearer, in surplice, having on each side the acolytes with their candlesticks, goes to the lower part of the sanctuary near the railing, and stands turned to the altar. When the chanters intone the Pange Lingua, they turn towards the people, without making any genuflection, and begin to move; the clergy, two by two, make a genuflection on both knees, follow thera, carrying their candles outside — that is, those who are at the right carry them in their right hand, and those at the left side, in their left hand. 5. The celebrant, between the deacon and sub-deacon, who raise his cope on each side, preceded by the two censer-bearers, who gently swing their censers, and sur- rounded by four or six acolytes, who carry lighted can- dles on each side of the canopy, walks in the last place, reciting, in a low voice, psalms and hymns alternately with the ministers, and the choir continues to sing the Pange Lingua. 6. The procession having returned, the acolytes put their candlesticks on the side-table, and the cross-bearer leaves the cross at its place, the clergy divide in two lines at each side of the altar, and as the Blessed Sacra- ment approaches, they all kneel down. The censer- bearers, on arriving near the altar, do not swing their censers any more, but stop at each side of it, and remain there standing. The celebrant stops at the lowest step of the altar, and there standing, gives the Blessed Sacra- ment to the deacon, who receives it kneeling on both knees, and turned a little to the Epistle side. Then the celebrant kneels, and takes oflT the long veil. The dea- con places the Blessed Sacrament on the altar, if there be another priest to place it on th^ throne ; otherwise the deacon himself places it thereon, makes a genuflection FORTY HOUES' KXPOSinON. 605 on the platform, without bowing his head, and goes down by one side to the right of the celebrant. 7. Those who carried the canopy, having left it at a convenient place, receive candles, and kneel down, form- ing a semcircle before the altar, if they be clergymen ; but if laymen, they kneel outside of the chancel. 8- After the deacon has placed the Blessed Sacrament on the throne, and returned to the right of the celebrant, the chanters intone Tantum ercfo. At the verse Geni- tori the celebrant rises with the ministers, puts incense into the censer, without blessing it, the deacon present- ing the incense-boat, and the sub-deacon raising the celebrant's cope at his right, while he incenses the Blessed Sacrament with three double throws. After the incensing, the censer-bearer having received the censer from the deacon, goes to the middle, makes a genuflection, with the second censer-bearer, and both cai-ry their censers back to the sacristy. 9, After the Tantum ergo^ the chanters do not sing the verse Fan&m de coeio^ but they go in the middle, kneel, and sing the Litany. At the end of it the celebrant in- tones Fater tioster^ the rest of which being recited secretly, the chantei's intone the Psalm Deus in adjuto- riwnj after it, the celebrant, kneeling, sings in a ferial tone the verses from the book, which the ministers hold on each side ; he then rises, and standing, sings with his hands joined, Dorninus vohiscmn^ and the prayers that follow ; these being ended, he kneels, says again Domi- nus vobiscum^ and the chanters, JExaudiat nos omnipo- tens et rnisericors Dominiis; the choir answers, Amen ; the celebrant subjoins, Fidelium animoe, &c., without making the sign of the cross ; the choir answers, Amen. 43 606 APPENDIX. Then all the clergy pray for a short time in silence ; the acolytes go to the middle with their candlesticks, kneel on both knees, rise, and walk to the sacristy, followed, as usual, by the clergy and the sacred ministers, who all make in the middle a genuflection on botii knees ; the latter, when at a proper distance from the Blessed Sacra- ment, put on their caps. If, for want of a sufficient number of persons, or for any other cause, the procession cannot be made, the celebrant, and the deacon and sub-deacon, after Mass, go to the bench, as has been said above, take off their maniples, the celebrant taking off also his chasuble, and putting on the cope; go to the altar, make a genuflec- tion on both knees below the last step, then kneel on it and after a short prayer, rise ; the celebrant puts incense into the censer, and kneeling, incenses with three double throws the Blessed Sacrament ; then the deacon, or another priest in surplice and stole, making the usual genuflections, places it on the throne; the choir sings Pange Lingua; at the vei'se Genitori the celebrant puts incense again into the censer, and incenses, as usual, the Blessed Sacrament. After the hymn is finished, the chanters sing the Litany immediatisly. The same is to be done at the reposition of the Blessed Sacrament, ex- cept that the hymn Pange Lingua is sung after the verse Domine exaudi orationem ineani, and the bene- diction is given as usual. 10. After the clergy have left the sanctuaiy, the bench or stool prepared for the purpose is placed near the last step of the altar in the middle, and the two clergymen destined to begin the adoration, dressed in surplice (and stole if they be priests), kneel before it, and remain there for the space of an hour, after which FORTY hours' EXPOSmON. 507 two others go to take their place, aud so on till the ex- position is finished. 11. There should be constantly, day and night, during the exposition, at least twenty lights ; and when the church is shut in the night, at least ten of them should be candles and ten lamps. Article IV. Of the Mass pro pace. 1. Every thing is to be prepared for this Mass as for others, but the color of the vestments is to be violet. 2. This Mass ought to be sung on the second day of the forty-hours' exposition, with the assistance of deacon and sub-deacon. It should not be sung at the altar where the Blessed Sacratnent is exposed, or where it is usually kept in the tabernacle. However, as in most of our churches in this country there is but one altar, the Mass here spoken of must necessarily be celebrated at the altar of the exposition. The assistance of the dea- con and sub-deacon must be dispensed with where there is only one clergyman. 3. The Mass, pro pace^ is sung without Gloria and Credo^ and without any other commemoration besides that of the Blessed Sacrament, which is said, Sub unica conclusione. At the elevation, the little bell is not to be rung. However, if it is celebrated on a Sunday, the Credo is to be said. 4. The days on which this Mass, ji^ro jt>ae€, cannot be said, are the same as mentioned above for that of the Blessed Sacrament, n. 1, art, ii. When any other is said in its place, the prayer, pro pace^ is to be said, Sub 508 APPENDIX. unica conclusione^ with that of the current Mass, and the commemoration of the Blessed Sacrament is omitted. 5. All private Masses celebrated during the exposi- tion are of the current office, with the commemoration of the Blessed Sacrament after the others prescribed for that day by the Rubrics ; and if a feast of the first or second class be then celebrated, the commemoration of the Blessed Sacrament is omitted ; the little bell is not to be rung ; if, on the days of the exposition, votive Masses are permitted by the Rubrics, it is proper that all private Masses should be of the Blessed Sacrament, without Gloria and without Credo^ with the Preface de N'atwitate, Article V. Things to he prepared for the Mass of the deposition. 1. In the sacristy and on the side-table, every thing as for the first day. 2. On the altar, the key of the tabernacle, the Missal on its stand, the cards and the cross, according to the established custom. All the candles are to be lighted before Mass. 3. In the sanctuary, the bench or stools placed in the middle for the adoration are to be removed. Article VI. Of the Mass for the Meposition. 1. We think it proper to mention here some general rules, before we speak of the ceremonies to be observed in Masses celebrated at the altars on which the Blessed Sacrament is exposed. FORTY hours' EXPOSITION. 609 2. These rules are the following: during Mass, the genuflections are made only on one knee, except when the priest first arrives at the altar, and when he leaves it to return to the sacristy ; in both these cases, he makes tiie genuflection on both knees. The usual reverences to salute the clergy are omitted, by the celebrant and ministers, and by every one else. The ministers and all others in giving any thing to the celebrant, or receiving it trotn him, do not kiss it or his hand ; but the sub-deacon, after the Epistle, kisses the hand in receiving his blessing ; likewise the deacon when he goes to receive bis blessing before he sings the Gos- pel ; at the Offertory, when he presents the paten to the celebrant, he kisses both the paten and his liand, as also when he gives it to him at the end of the Pater noster. The celebrant, at the end of the Gospel, sung by the deacon, kisses the Missal, as usual. 3. The sacred ministers being vested, go from the sacristy to the sanctuary as usual ; the acolytes arriving before the altar, make a genuflection on both knees, and a profound bow, retire on each side, and wait for the ministeis. The clergy, as they arrive at the middle, make likewise a genuflection on both knees, with a pro- found revei'ence, and go to their respective places, with- out bowing to each other. The sacred ministers uncover their heads, as soon as they can see the Blessed Sacra- ment, carry their caps till they enter the sanctuary, then they give them to the master of ceremonies, and on ar- riving before the last step of the altar, they, with the acolytes and the master of ceremonies, make a geuflec- tion on both knees, and a profound bow, and Mass is begun as usual. 4. Having made the confession, they go up to the 43* 510 APPENDIX. altar, without making a genuflection, where they make a genuflection on one knee. The deacon and sub-deacon should observe, that in making the genuflections, they must not place their hands on the altar, this being allowed only to the celebrant. When the latter has said, Oramus te Domine^ they retire a little to the Gos- pel side, turned to the Epistle side, to put incense into the censer ; and before the censer-bearer goes up for this purpose, he makes below the last step a genuflection, bending one knee ; the deacon does not kiss the spoon, nor the celebrant's hand, as has been observed before for all similar cases. 5. The incense having been blessed, the censer-bearer retires to his place, making a genuflection, and the cele- brant and ministers go down to the second step, taking care not to turn their back to the Blessed Sacrament ; on which account the celebrant and the sub-deacon go down by the Gospel side, and the deacon by that of the Epistle, kneel on the edge of the platform ; there the celebrant having received the censer from the deacon, without the usual kisses, and made a profound bow, in- censes the Blessed Sacrament with three double throws, the ministers raising, in the mean while, his chasuble on each side. Then they rise, go up to the altar, making a genuflection on one knee, and incense the altar, as usual. If, according to the custom established in some churches, the cross has been placed on the altar, it must not be incensed. (.Deer. S. B. (7., 29 Sept., 1738.) 6. After the incensing, the celebrant goes down to the first step, or below them all, according to the construc- tion of the altar, and there, turned towards the people, is incensed by the deacon, who turns towards him. Then he goes tp read the Introit, &c. FORTY hours' EXPOSITION. 611 7. After the choir have done singing the Kyrie^ the celebrant with the ministers goes to the middle as usual, makes with them a genuflection, and intones the Gloria; the ministers make again a genuflection, go to his side, recite the rest of the hymn, make a genuflection, and by the side steps go to the bench, where they sit without their caps; after it is sung, they go to the middle, make a genuflection below the steps, and go, one behind the other, without making any other genuflection. The celebrant, after arriving on the platfoi-m and kissing the altar, with his shoulders turned a little towards the Gos- pel side, sings the Dominus vobiscum; then returns to the middle, makes a genuflection with the ministers, and goes to sing the prayers as usual ; after which, the sub-deacon sings the Epistle, having made the usual genuflections before the altar, then asks the celebrant's blessing, kisses his hand, and carries the Missal to the Gospel side, as usual. 8. During this time, the celebrant says the Munda cor meutn^ makes a genuflection before and after, then reads the Gospel ; and the deacon takes the book to the altar, having made a genuflection in the middle on the lowest step, and again on the platform. 9. When the celebrant has read the Gospel, he turns in his place, and puts in the incense as at n. 4 ; then all three go to the middle on the platform, the sub-deacon descends to the bottom of the steps, and the deacon kneels to say the Munda cor meum. The celebrant, at the proper time, gives him his blessing, who, having kissed his hand, rises, both make a genuflection, the cele- brant goes to the Epistle side, the deacon goes to the floor, makes a genuflection with the others, and proceeds as usual to sing the Gospel. At the end, the sub-deacon 512 APPENDIX. takers the Missal to the celebrant to kiss, without mak- ing a genuflection before, comes down from the altar (which he must do without turning his back to the Blessed Sacrament), and the deacon incenses the cele- brant as usual. 10. After incensing the celebrant, all three go to the middle, one behind the other, make a genuflection, and the celebrant intones the Credo j at the end, the minis- ters make a genuflection, and go to recite it with the celebrant. Then all three make a genuflection and go to the bench, as was mentioned at n. V. 11. At the Crucifixus^ the deacon takes the burse from the side-table, bows to the celebrant only, goes to the middle, makes a genuflection on the lowest step, and again on the platform, and spreads the corporal in the usual manner, makes a genuflection, and returns by the side of the altar to the right of the celebrant. 12. At the end of the Credo^ the ministers go to the altar, as at n. 7. The celebrant sings the Dominus vo- bismcm^ makes a genuflection, and says Oremus, After which the deacon and sub-deacon make a genuflection, and go, the first to the celebrant's right, and the other to the side-table, in the usual manner, for the chalice, which he brings to the altar, making there a genuflec- tion. The deacon presents the paten and chalice with the usual kiss. In like manner the sub-deacon presents the cruets, then takes the paten, and makes a genuflec- tion, first on the platform, and again on the lowest step. He does not, however, make a genuflection when the celebrant kneels on the platform to incense the Blessed Sacrament.— aS. O. B., 11 Feb., 1764. 13. After the oblation of the chalice, the deacon gives the insense as at n. 4. And the celebrant, without mak- FORTY hours' EXPOSITION. 513 ing a genuflection, incenses the offerings; the deacon does not remove the chalice from the middle of the cor- poral. When this is done, they descend to the second step, kneel on the edo^e of the platform, and inceni^e the Blessed Sacrament, the altar as at n. 5, and the cele- brant as at n. 6, and in the same place washes his hands according to the Rubric of the Missal on Good Friday, and the S. C. R., 22d August, 1682 ; then he returns to the middle, makes a genuflection, and says the SuscijJe fSancta Triaitas^ &c. 14. When the deacon has incensed the celebrant, he incenses the choir as usual, then the sub-deacon, who makes a genuflection, and then turns for this purpose a little towards the Gospel side. This done, the deacon gives the censer to the censer-bearer, goes up to the second step, makes a genuflection, and turns in the same manner as the sub-deacon, to be incensed, and again makes a genuflection. 15. When the celebrant has said the Suscipe Sancta Trinitas^ he kisses the altar, makes a genuflection, and turns, as at the Domimis voMscum, to say the Orate Fratresj but he does not make a perfect circle ; then he retui"ns to the middle, makes a genuflection, and con- tinues Mass. 16. At the Sanctus^ the acolytes go out with torches, and without bowing, kneel down till after communion, as they did on the first day. From this to the end of Mass, they observe exactly what is prescribed for the first day, and make preparations towards the end for the procession. 514 APPENDIX. Article VII. From the Litany to the end of the Forty Sours. 1. At the end of Mass, the ministers return to the bench, vest, do not put in incense, but go to the middle, make a genuflection on both knees, and kneel on the lowest step ; then the singers sing the Litany, as on the first day, to Domine^ exaudi orationem^ &c., inclusive. 2. At Peccatores^ the acolytes give the candles to the clei'gy, and Hght them; the censer-bearers prepare their censers, and approach the altar with the usual genuflec- tions. 3. After the celebrant has said the Domine exaudi^ &c., he rises with the ministers, puts incense into the censers, Avithout blessing it, and kneeling, incenses three times the Blessed Sacrament ; and the master of cere- monies gives him the veil. 4. After incensing the Blessed Sacrament, the censer- bearers place themselves on each side of the altar, and the deacon or a priest with surplice and stole, with the usual genuflections, takes it from the repository ; if it is a deacon, without placing it upon the corporal, he places it in the celebrant's hands, who receives it after a genu- flection ; and as soon as he has delivered it, the deacon makes in turn a genuflection. If another priest takes it from the repository, he places it upon the corporal, makes a genuflection and retires ; then the deacon goes upon the platform, and takes it as said above, and as to the remainder, observes what is prescribed in the ceremonies and rite of the procession. 5. When the procession has returned, and the cele- brant has arrived at the lowest step of the altar, the FORTY hours' EXPOSITION. 515 deacon makes a genuflection, receives from him the Blessed Sacrament ; the celebrant then immediately makes a genuflection, and takes ofl" the veil. The dea- con places the remonstrance on the corporal, in the middle of the altar, and returns to the right of the cele- brant, making the usual genuflections. 6. As soon as the deacon returns to the right of the celebrant, the singers intone the Tantum ergo; at the Genitori incense is given, and the Blessed Sacrament is incensed ; and after the verse Panem de ccelo (to which an Alleluia is added during paschal time, and the octave of Corpus Christie according to the Decree, S. C. R., 10 Jan., 1705), the celebrant rises without making another genuflection, or saying Dorninus vohiscum^ (Dec/ee, S. C. R., 16th June, 1663 ; 28th Sept. 1675 ; 2d Aug. and 6th Sept., 1698), and sings the prayers with his hands joined, and the ministers hold the book. 7. After the prayers, he kneels, and after saying Fidelium animoe^ as on the first day, he puts on the veil, and goes upon the platform (the ministers place themselves at each side of him, on the edge of the plat- form), makes a genuflection, with both his hands covered with the veil he takes the Blessed Sacrament, and blesses the people in the usual manner ; the ministers, bowing a little, lift the border of the cope. After having placed the remonstrance upon the corporal, he makes a genu- flection (at the same time takes ofl" the veil), and returns with the ministers to the lowest step, in such a manner as not to turn his back to the Blessed Sacrament, and remains there kneeling. The deacon immediately, or a priest with a stole, observing the usual ceremonies, puts the Blessed Sacrament in the tabernacle, which must be on the altar where the exposition is made, and the con- 616 APPENDIX. secrated host must be consumed during Mass, either the same morning or the following. (I7istruct. Clement.) 8. Whilst the Blessed Sacrament is put away, the aco- lytes take their candles from the side-table, and go to the middle; the master of ceremonies takes the minis- ters' caps, and at the end of the function gives them a signal to rise ; all make a genuflection together on the floor ; he presents the caps, and they go, preceded by the censer-bearers and acolytes, to the sacristy, to disrobe as usual. As it frequently happens that not the celebrant, but a Bishop, terminates the function, it may be necessary to point out what is to be observed after Mass. At the end of the last Gospel, the celebrant, with the ministers at each side of him, goes to the middle of the altar, makes a genuflection on one knee, without bowing the head, and then goes down to the floor, in such a manner as not to turn his back to the Blessed Sacrament. When they are at the bottom of the steps, they all make a genuflection together on both knees, together witli a prostration; the acolytes with their candles, and the master of ceremonies, do the same as they did in the beginning of Mass. Then they all depart with their heads uncovered, and do not take their caps until they are out of sight of the Blessed Sacrament. When ihey arrive in the sacristy, the ministers take ofl" their mani- ples ; and if they are to assist the Bishop, and their vest- ments be not white, they take them ofl" and put on white. (Decree S. C. R., 20th Sept., 1806.) Then they assist the Bishop to vest, and proceed to the altar, pre- ceded by the acolytes with their candles, and followed by the train-bearer and mitre-bearer. When they come in sight of the Blessed Sacrament, the deacon FORTY hours' EXPOSITION. 617 takes off the Bishop's mitre, and after making a genu- flection on both knees, both kneel on the first step, on which the master of ceremonies will put a cushion for the Bishop. The function is then continued as pre- scribed above, and the mitre-bearer during the benedic- tion kneels down, 9. The greater part of the ceremonies prescribed in this chapter, have been taken from the 6th volume of the Collection of Decrees of the S. C. R., Part II., in which Gardellini explains the instructions of Clement XL on the Forty Hours, 44 518, DIFFERENT INTONATIONS CHAPTER IV. DIFFERENT INTONATIONS FOR VESPERS AND SOLEMN MASS. It was deemed advisable to add, at the end of this Manual, the different intonations for Vespers and Sol- emn Mass. It may be well to remark that the priest who offi- ciates or celebrates, if capable of regulating his voice, or intoning Deus in adjutorhmi., &c., or in commenc- ing a prayer, &c., should take a moderate pitch, neither too high nor too low — such a note, for instance, that would answer that of 50^ or la of the organ, would suit the generality of voices of the choir that is to sing the responses. Deus in adjutoeium, &c. For Festivals. -B— ■ — ! — a — s — H^i^— ♦— sa^ — & — b^^^^^b — « — -a — a — H~ ■-H ' ' ' ' n y. Deus in ad-ju- to- ri-um meum in- ten -de. -|| -a- — ^H^ ^^^, — ♦— "V-H — S — I ^^^^HB — a — a-^^ R. Do-mi-ne ad ad-juvandum me fes-ti - na. -[^- — H — »— a^, — ■ — WH^^ — H^, — B — ^— a — I — a — I, — ■ — ♦— ^— a- Glo - ri - a Pa-tri, et Fi - 11 - o, et Spi- ri- tu- i Sanc-to. Si - cut e - rat in prin-ci - pi - o, et nunc FOK VESPEKS AND SOLEMN MASS. 519 -fe— ^— » — a^— «-[-igH ~^ — ♦—SB —! -" — ♦-■ — ■ — I - -a — " — ^ n et semper, et in ssec-u-la scec - u- lo-rum. Amen. :^ =^— ■- Al- le - lu - ia. During Paschal time. R-«— g-j' -" — »-H ~"H- »-"— ^ -"i » ■ — [{ • La - us ti - bi Do- mine, rex je-ternse glo - ri- S9. Ferial Intonation. ^ -■ — a- -S #-B — 1- V. De-US in a,d-ju-to - rium meum in-ten-de. ^— -H »— a — I — H — I — ^♦— a — B — A — B- Do - mi-ne ad ad-juvandum me fes - ti - na. _^__^_^ -S — — 3- {p«-^r=s- fe b Glo - ri- a Pa-tri. &c. Al - le - lu - ia. Laus tihi Donime^ as above. The Chapter is snng on the note Z>o, recto tono^ all tlie way through, except the last word, which is sung on la^ sol, la. yE^ Ec-ce sa- cerdos magnus, &c. et in tem-po-re 620 DIFFERENT INTONATIONS BS -|^4— ■ — i^ ♦— ■ -■— ♦ :?=:-B I a ^ m-^—w Y. Di-vinum au- xi - Hum ma-neat semper no-bis-cmn. ±1 -fBT-mr A~men. In tlie Festival tone the prayers are sung on one note, do^ with the exception of two variations, Jo, sz, la^ do, do, and do, si. The former of these variations is made on a princij^al point, tlie second on a semi-jDoint. - It will be observed that in every prayer there is the address to God, tlie petition througli the mystery, or the intercession of a saint M'hose mass i.i celebrated, and the conclusion. The end of tlie address is generally marked by a semicolon ; and on the v\'^ord preceding it the principal point is su:]g. If in the petition, the sen- tences are divided so r.s to admit a semicolon, the semi- point is then sung on the last word of the first part of tlie sentence. In the conclusion the semipoint is sung 522 DIFFERENT INTONATIONS first, and the principal point in the second place, as will be seen in the following example : — Prayers. -^ — a — #— a— j - : — m — [S — s — " — B— I — B— [— a — ^— M -H— B — B- Do- minus vo-biscum. Et cum spi-ri-tu tu-o. =^=3: B — a- - re - mus. De-us qui ho - di- er-nam di - em, ::^ t A-pos - tu- lo-rum tu-o - rum Pe - tri, et Pau-li, Principal Point. -B — a- -m — a — ♦— a — [ — B — b— i- ^- mar-ty-rio con- se-cras-ti ; . Da Ec-cle- si- 33 tu - se Semi-point. -^ — -m — fea — a — i— b— |— a- — ^ - -B — h- a- e - o- rum in om - nibus se-qui pr£eceptum : per =g=^: -» 1— a- quos re - li - gi- o - nis sump-sit ex- or - dium. Per -H- Do-mi-num nostrum Jesum Christum Fi - li-um tu - um. -\—m — a— h- a— I— B -^^— a- n qui te-cum vi-vit et reg-nat in u - ni-ta-te ■^. -a — ♦— B- Spi- ri- tus Sancti Dj-us, per om-ni-a ssec-u-la 1^=:^— ♦-^-^ sa3c - u- lo- rum. A-men. FOR VESPERS AND SOLEMN MASS. 523 Ferial Tones. The ferial tone is more simple, and is used in the prayers of ferial Masses, and in the Mass of Requiem^ The inflection is from Do to i?e, and is made at the end of the prayer, and at the conclusion. When there is more than one prayer, the inflection is made at the end of the first, at the end of the last, and at the conclusion. Example. Con- ce- de, mi- se - ri-cors De-us, fra - gi - 11- ta - ti -^-■-^-F-»~ >— ■ _a i- nos- tras prae-sid - i - um. Re - sur-ga - mus. Per e-un-dem Christum Do-mi-num nostrum. A-men. I Epistle. The Epistle is intoned and continued throughout on the note Do. A prolonging of the voice is made on the fourth, fifth, or sixth syllable before the end of a period, according as the accents may require an inflec- tion of the voice, from Do to Si. Another inflection, sanctioned by custom, may be made at the end, as it may suit the accents. Example. -^— a— »— a-H-« -■- ti— "^^^-m H-^H-^ Lec-ti - o Li - bri Sa - pi- en - ti- i Be- a - tus vir- 524 DIFFERENT INTONATIONS -&— BM-a— g — B- l-a— [-B— a I B — ♦— a— [-■— ~ ■ \ ' \y . ' 1 qui in-ven-tus est si - lie ma-cu- la, et qui post P^HHImImI AnlBa lA^^I-n-lai. e ■ H "i H -H ■ a 1. H . 1 1 1 , , _. . — l.. au-rum non a - bi it, nee spe-ra-vit in pe - - ^ (m A tSt \ IB m 1 ja 1 — 1 »> 1 - ^ SB V .S 1 !^ [ ^ 1 ■ - cu - 111 - a et the-sau-ris. Quis est hie, et n n i !!3 ^ ▲ K 1 ■ "K B 8B ^ m \ I U H ■» J ▼ - 1 •! ' ' ! ' lau-da - bimus e - u - m. . . . Om-nis ec-cle - si - a :^ sancto-rum. The Gospel is sung on the note Do, as its dominant, with three variations. At the end of a period the voice is lowered to JOa in the fourth, fifth or sixth syllables, returning immediately to Do. The interi-ogation point is sung as at the Epistle. At the close of the Gospel the voice descends to Xa on the fourth, fillli or sixth last sylla- ble, which are sung on three notes, Da, Si, Do, the remaining syllable being sung in Do. Example. :1=*: -H B — B- -I r i§ Do- minus vo-biscum. Et cum spi-ri-tu tu-o. -1^ — B — a — f — m — j — a — b— P^ — # — b-^-4 — ^ —p" B — a zt=^ Se-quenti - a Sancti E - van-ge- h - i t-c-cun-dum FOR VESPEES AND SOLEMN MASS. 525 Mattheum. Grlo-ri - a ti - bi Do-mi-ne. lii il - lo M >4B — ■— I— ■ — rn^^m — ■ — ♦— ■ — I— ■- -■-h-t- tem-po-re dix-it Je-sus dis- ci - pu-lis su-is: vos -■ ■ »— a— [-■— l-F es-tis sal ter-rse. Quod si sal e - va-nu-e- rit, ia *=!; quo sa- li - e - tur ? . . Hie magnus vo- ca - bi-tur in r ^~^^ m ^~ ! * ^ ^ — * — B I ^ — ^ — r reg-no C3e - lo-rum La-us ti - bi Christe. CONPITEOR. =fc=« Con-fi - te-or De- o om-ni - po-tenti, Be- a - tse -■ — ■ — ■ — ♦— H- Ma-ri - 89 semper Vir- gi- ni, be - a - to Michae-li Archan-ge-lo, be -a -to Jo-an-ni Baptis-tas, sanc-tis - ^— ■— ♦-«-,^— H-h"-hi -a — I — a — B- n A- pos-to-lis Petro et Paulo, om-ni-bus sanc-tis ■- R -^ ! ■ »-E r :5=i=tt et ti - bi Pa-ter ; qui- a pec - ca-vi ni - mis -i — - — ^ E— ♦- iHzbi -a—m- ^-a- co- gi-ta - ti- o - ne, verbo, et o - pe-re : me- a 526 DIFFERENT INTONATIONS. z^: -s — a- ^^ 3*=irtMi— z:l -riti: cul-pa, me-a ciil-pa, me-a max-i-ma cul-pa. - |^ — B — ^— gj— j— a — a ^ -H— ■ —'[— ■— B^ - ¥==1: I - de-o j^raBcor Beatam Ma-ri-am semper Vir-ginem, a — m — m — i -♦ — e — B — [ — a- -^— a- -B — S — B- be-a-tum Mi-chael-em Archan-geluirij be-a-tum -|^ — H— a — 3- -^g— a— »- ±=^ Jo-an-nera Bap-tis-tam, sanctos A - pos-to-los Petrum - ^ — H — i — ^ — a — h-a — E — I — B — a— [-- ii — | — j & -i r 1 — 1- et Paulum, omnes sanctos, et te Pa - ter -g— a— a— B- :i=i!dd2B=:i— hTT o - ra - re pro me ad Do-mi-num De-um nostrum. INDEX. Absolution after Mass for the dead, 383. Acolytes, Instruction for the, at High Mass, 193 ; at Solemn Vespers, 243. Acunctis, What Saint to be named in, 25, n. Adorna thalamum, 110. Advent, Sundays in, when Bishop oflficiates, 416. All Souls, Vespers of, 264 ; when Bisliop officiates, 415. Altar, Mode of kissing, 24, n. Altar-veil, 105. Ambry, 14, n. Antependium, what, 14, 105. Archbishop, 357 ; vesting of, 233. Ash-Wednesday, necessary preparations, 112, 275 ; blessing of ashes, 112, 276 ; Mass, 116, 279 ; when Bishop officiates, 423. Ashes, Blessing of, 112, 278 ; distribution, 115, 276. Ashes, Putting on of, 115. Asperges, when there is but one priest, 163. Assistant Deacon, Instructions for, 392 ; their quality, dress, and place, 392 ; at Pontij&cal Vespers, 392 ; at Pontifical Mass, 393 ; when the Bishop does not celebrate, 396. Assistant Priest, his quality, dress, and place, 387 ; his office in general, 388 ; his office at Pontifical Vespers, 388 ; at Pontifi- cal Mass, 393 ; when the Bishop does not celebrate, 396. Baptism of Infants on Holy Saturday, 159. Benediction with the Blessed Sacrament, 169 : ceremonies when 528 INDEX. bnt one priest, 170 ; wlieii assisted by anotlier priest, 175 ; by Bisbop, 177. Bishop, what bishop to be named in Memento, 36, n. ; what Mass on Ember Days when he ordains, 53, n. ; serving of, at Low Mass, 82 ; when there is but one chaplain, 88 ; Mass in presence of, 65 ; Mass and Vespers solemnly celebrated by, 338, 340 ; Solemn Vespers in presence of, 340 ; Complins by, 345 ; Matins, 345 ; 378 ; Lauds, 348, 378 ; Matins and Lauds for the Dead, 378 ; Solemn Pontifical Mass, 348 ; Seat of, 350 ; Ves- pers for the Dead, by, 377 ; Instruction for officers who attend, 389 ; on All Souls, 415 ; Sundays in Advent, 416 ; Christmas, 417 ; Festivals between Christmas and Candlemas, 419 ; Candle- mas 419 ; Ash Wednesday, 433 ; Sundays in Lent, 426 ; Palm Sunday, 426 ; Maundy Thursday, 431 ; The Mandatum, or Wash- ing of Feet, 442 ; Good Friday, 444 ; what to be prepared for, *&., to the beginning of the office, 446; the Office, 447; Holy Saturday, 454 ; what to be prepared for, 454 ; Solemn adminis- tration of Confirmation, 485 ; Visitation of Parishes, 489. Blessed Sacrament, how often to be renewed, 48, n.\ Low Mass, when it is exposed, 63 ; Solemn Vespers, when it is exposed, 257 ; when exposed, no bow made to any one in the Sanctuary, 260 ; Collect of, to be said when Blessed Sacrament is ex- posed, 56. Book-bearer, Lastruction for, 412. Bows, 19, n, 75 ; not made when Blessed Sacrament is exposed, 260. Burse, 50, 75. Calotte, what, 183. Candle-bearer, Instruction for, 413. Candlemas, blessing of candles, 104, 268 ; distribution, 108, 268 ; procession, 109, 272 ; when Bishop officiates, 419 ; of the Mass after the procession. 111. Candles, Blessing of, 106 ; distribution of, 108. Canon, what, 89, n. Cappa magna, 377. Celebrant, at High Mass, instruction for the, 228 ; at Vespers, 254. Censer-bearer, Instruction for, at High Mass, 189; at Solemn Vespers, 245. K INDEX. 529 Ceremonies of Low Mass, 13 ; High Mass, 91, 180 ; Pontifical High Mass, 348 ; for the Dead, 237 ; Pontifical Mass for the Dead, 379 ; for the principal Festivals, 267, &c. ; Chapter, In- tonation for, 519. Choir, Rules for clergy in, at High Mass, 180 ; at Vespers, 241 ; order to be observed, 181 ; internal dispositions, 184 ; order in going from, 186. Christmas, when Bishop oflBciates, 417 ; Festivals between Christ- mas and Candlemas, 419. Ciborium, Veil of, 31, ^. ; Purification of, 71. Cincture, how made, 18, n. Commemoration of all the faithful departed, 264, 415. Communion at Masses for the dead, 62, n. ; general rules for Communion at Mass, 68 ; at other times, 72 ; at High Mass, 185. Complins, when Bishop officiates solemnly, 345. Confirmation, Solemn administration of, 485 ; things to be pre- pared for, 485 ; the administration of the sacrament, 487. Corporal, what, 17, n. ; Confiteor, Intonation for, 525. Corpus Christi, Procession on, and its octave, 262. Cope-bearers, Instruction for the, at Solismn Vespers, 251 ; Ves- pers without, 96. Credence, what, 14. Credo, generally omitted in Votive Masses, 56. Crosier-bearer, Instructions for, 411. Cross, Veneration of, on Good Friday, 135. Cruets, not to be of glass, 142. Cum a/ppropinquarety 121. Deacon, Instruction for the officiating, 396 ; deacon at High Mass, 207. Dead, Low Mass for the, 60 ; High Mass, 236 ; Vespers for the, 264. Deus in adjutorium, Intonation, 518. Dies irm, when said, 62. Diocesan Synods, Ceremonies to be observed in, 479. Epistle, Intonation for, 523. Faldstool, what, 351 ; Ferial tones, 523. 45 530 INDKX. Flowers, none on altar in Mass for the Dead, 60. Fontj Blessing of tlie, 157. Forty Hours' Exposition, 499 ; tilings to be prepared, ib. ; of tlie Mass of the Exposition, 500 ; of the Procession for the Exposi- tion, 503 ; of the Mass pro pace, 507 ; things to be prepared for the Mass of the Reposition, 508 ; of the Mass of the Reposi- tion, 508 ; from the Litany to the end of the Forty Hours, 514. Genuflection, how made, 76. Gloria in Excelsis, in what votive Masses omitted, 55. Good Friday, what is to be prepared, 135 ; when Bishop oflBciates, 444 ; OflBce to the uncovering of the Cross, 135, 306 ; uncover- ing and veneration of the Cross, 136, 310 ; Procession, 143, 314 j Remaining part of the Of&ce, 316 ; from the entrance of the Bishop to the beginning of the Office, 446 ; the Office, 447. Gospel, Intonation for the, 524. High Mass, without deacon or sub-deacon, 91 ; vesting, 93 ; cere- monies, 92 ; Rules for clergy in choir, 180 ; order to be observed, 181 ; internal dispositions, 184 ; receiving Holy Communion, 185 ; going from choir, 186 ; Preparation for, 187 ; Instructions for the offices at, 187-227 ; instruction for celebrant, 228 ; in- censing, 233. {See Pontifical Mass, Solemn Mass.) High Mass for the Dead, What to be observed particularly at, 237 ; Pontifical, 379. Holy Saturday, things to be prepared, 150, 321 ; when Bishop officiates, 454 ; Office, 152 ; Benediction of the new fire, 323 ; by Bishop, 455 ; Exultet, 323 ; Blessing of the Paschal Candle, 154, 327 ; by Bishop, 456 ; Prophecies, 156, 329 ; Blessing of the Font, 157, 330 ; by the Bishop, 457-9 ; Baptism of Infants, 159 ; Litany, Mass, 161, 334 ; Vespers, 161 ; bringing back the Pyx to the altar, 162 ; to the beginning of Mass, when Bishop offi- ciates, 460 ; Mass, 461. Holy Week and other Festivals, ceremonies for, 104, 526. Host, how broken, 44, n. Incense-boat, 104. Incensing candles at Candlemas, 107 ; ashes, 114 ; palms, 119 ; the Blessed Sacrament in the Repository, 143 ; on Holy Satur- INDKX. 531 day, 155 ; at Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament, 174, 175 ; at High Mass, 230, 233 ; in High Mass for the Dead, 339 ; at Solemn Vespers, 258 ; Corpus Christi, 263. Inferior ministers, at Pontifical Mass, Instmctions for, 410. Intonation for Mass and Vespers, 518. Laetare and Gaudete Sundays, 280. Lauds, ^vhen the Bishop officiates, 348 ; for the Dead, 378. Lent, Sundays in, 56 ; when the Bishop officiates, 426. Low Mass, Ceremonies of, 13 ; what to he prepared for, 13 ; Priest's preparation, 15-22 ; from commencement to Introit, 22 ; In- troit to the Epistle, 25 ; Epistle to the Offertory, 27 ; Offertory to the Canon, 30 ; Canon to the Consecration, 35 ; Consecration to the Pater Noster, 40 ; Pater Noster to the Communion, 43 ; Communion to the end of Mass, 50 ; Low Mass for the Dead, 60 ; when the Blessed Sacrament is exposed, 63 ; in the pres- ence of Prelates, 65 ; Manner of serving at, 75 ; Bishop at Low Mass, 82. Mandatum, or Washing of the Feet, 443. Mass, Preparations for, 15 ; ceremonies for Low Mass, 13 ; Votive Masses, 53 ; Mass pro Sponso et Sponsa, 54 ; Low Mass for the Dead, 60 ; High Mass, 91 ; High Mass for the Dead, 237 ; Pon- tifical Mass, Solemn, 348 ; for the Dead, 379. Masses for the Dead, classed among Votive Masses, 53 ; when prohibited, 53, 60, n. ; when allowed, 54 ; Mass, 236 ; Dies iroB, when said, 62 ; Low Mass for the Dead, 60 ; Communion at, 62 n. ; High Mass, 236 ; Pontifical, 379 ; things to be prepared ib. ; the Mass, 380 ; absolution after Mass, 383. Master of Ceremonies, duty of; at High Mass, 198; at Solemn Vespers, 245. Matins, when the Bishop officiates, 345 ; for the Dead, 378 ; of Tenebrse, 431. Maundy Thursday, Preparation, 125, 295 ; Mass, 126, 297 ; Pro- cession, 129, 300 ; removal of the Pyx, 131 ; Vespers, 303 ; Stripping of the Altar, 132, 303 ; when the Bishop officiates, 431 ; repository, how prepared, 126, 296. Mitre-bearer, Instruction for, 413. ^Monstrance, 171. 632 INDEiX. Mozetta, 339. Newly ordained priest, The three Masses of, 53. Obtulerunt Domino, 111. Officers, Instructions for the, at High Mass, 187 ; censer-bearer, 189 ; acolytes, 193 ; master of ceremonies, 198 ; sub-deacon, 207 ; deacon, 217, 387 ; celebrant 228 ; instruction for officers who attend Bishop, 387. Officiating deacon. Instruction for, 387. Ordo, to be observed by priest celebrating in another church, 56. Pall, what, 16, n. Palm Sunday, Preparation for, 116, 280 ; blessing of the palms, 117, 282.; distribution of, 119, 284 ; procession, 121, 286 ; Mass and Passion, 289 ; when Bishop officiates, 426. Parishes, Episcopal visitation of, 489. Paschal Candles, Blessing of, 154. Pax, how given, 183. Peace, Instrument of, 67. Pontifical mantle, 377. Pontifical Mass, Solemn, 348 ; things to be prepared, ib. \ vesting of the clergy and Bishop, 353 ; the Pontifical Mass, 258 ; for the Dead, 379 ; things to be prepared, *&. ; the Mass, 380 ; abso- lution after Mass, 383. Popule mens, 138. Prelates, what, 65. Priest, preparation for Mass, 15 ; at Low Mass, 22 ; after Mass, 52 ; instruction for, at High Mass, 228 ; assistant priest, 387. Procession at Candlemas, 109; Palm-Sunday, 121, 286; Maundy Thursday, 129 ; Good Friday, 143 ; Corpus Christi and its octave, 262-273 ; at Provincial Councils, 465. Prophecies on Holy Saturday, 156. Provincial Councils, Ceremonies to be observed in, 462 ; how the Metropolitan church is to be adorned and arranged, 463 ; opSi- ing of the Council, 464 ; procession, 465 ; Mass, 466 ; C'eremo- nies for first session or opening of the Council, 467; Mode of procedure, 471 ; second Solemn Session, 473 ; third Solemn Session, 475. INDEX. 533 Purification, Feast of the, necessary preparations, 267 ; from tlie Vesting to the distribution of the candles, 268 ; to the Proces- sion 270 ; the Procession, 272. Purificator, what, 16, n. Pyx, Of the removal of the, 131 ; bringing back to the altar, 149, 162. Quarant' Ore, 499. Remonstrance, see Monstrance. Repository, how prepared, 126, 296 ; procession to, on Maundy Thursday, 149, 300 ; on Good Friday, 143, 314. Requiem Masses, 53 ; Communion at, 62, n. Sacred species. Renewal of, 48. Sanctuary, Chairs in, 181, n. ; rules for clergy in, 180, 241. Serving Mass : Low Mass, 75 ; Vesting, 77 ; the Mass, 77 ; Bishop's Low Mass, 82. Sign of the Cross, how made, 23, n. Solemn Mass, in presence of Bishop in mitre and cope, 371 ; when in rochet and cope, 376 ; Litonations for, 518. Solemnities when Bishop officiates, 415. Stole, Use of, 97, n. Sub-deacon, Instruction for, at High Mass, 207 ; Pontifical Mass, 404. Tenebrae, Office of, 293 ; when Bishop officiates, 431 Two Masses on the same day. Order of, 58. Unrobing after Mass, 52. Vespers, without cope-bearers, 96 ; Solemn, 240 ; tnings to be prepared, ib. ; general rules for the clergy in the sanctuary, 241 ; instruction for cope-bearers, 251 ; for the celebrant, 254 ; Sol- emn Vespers, the Blessed Sacrament being exposed, 257 ; for the dead, on Nov. 1st, 264 ; things to be prepared, ib. ; peculiar ceremonies, 265 ; on Maundy Thursday, 303 ; Solemn Pontif- ical, 338 ; things to be prepared, %b. ; from the entrance to the beginning of Vespers, 339 ; to the end of Vespers, 340 ; Solemn 634: INDEX. Vespers in the presence of the Bishop, 377 ; All Souls, when the bishop officiates, 415 ; Christmas, 417 ; Intonations for, 518. Vesting priest at Low Mass, 14 ; Bishop, 83. Vexilla regis, 144. Visitation of the Parishes, 489 ; the bishop's reception, ^&. ; things subject to the Episcopal visitation, 495. Votive Masses, 53 ; Vestments at, 56. Votive Masses of the Holy Ghost, what does not warrant singing, 55, n. 'W2XGK4 what quantity to be poured into chalice, 83, n. EXPLANATION OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS. The engravings at the end of the book may be found useful by our young colleagues in the ministry, especially on country mis- sions. The church articles which they represent are in accord- ance with Roman usages. It is not necessary to give a description of all of them, as many are well known, being used in this coun- try as well as elsewhere. It will not be amiss, however, to de- scribe some of them more in detail ; for instance, the Ceremonial of Bishops makes a distinction between candles and torches. No. 2. A Bishop's throne, or chair, should be high and well made ; there ought to be three steps to reach the platform, which should be large enough for the Bishop's chair and two stools, with their occupants. The steps and platform are covered with car- pet. The top part or canopy, according to the ceremonial of Bishops, should be square, ornamented with drapery more or less rich, and of the color of the feast celebrated. The Bishop's throne should be placed in the sanctuary, at the Gospel side. No 4 shows the shape of a torch, which consists of four long can- dles joined together, of the length of from five to eight feet. They are used during the Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament, High Mass, and the procession of the Blessed Sacrament. There should be on such occasions four, or at most eight. No. 6 represents a lantern to be carried during the procession of the Blessed Sacrament ; there may be four, six, eight, or more, near the officiating priest. These lanterns should be handsomely made, and if possible gilded ; and be from seven to ten feet long lantern and handle included. They are carried either by clerks in surplices, or by the most prominent Catholics of the congrega- tion ; and are used to protect the lights from the wind, so that if other candles should be put out, these at least may continue to burn. 536 EXPLANATION OF THE ELLUSTKATIONS. No. 7 is an antipendium or altar-veil, made of silk, or more costly material, which may be ornamented with silver or gold embroidery ; and in the middle a cross with palms may be worked, representing the tomb of martyrs • about eight inches from the top, a lace with fringe, or some other work, is placed horizontally, and two lines are formed with the same kind of lace, from the upper line to the bottom. The silk is stretched on a wooden frame, and then placed like a painting, in a gilded frame, which should be as high and as long as the altar, or mensce, as may be seen in the engraving at the head of the book. No. 8 represents a canopy used in the procession of the Blessed Sacrament, at a solemn reception of a Bishop, &c. It is made of white silk, or even silver or gold cloth, when used for the proces- sion of the Blessed Sacrament ; and may be six feet wide and eight long, or seven feet wide and ten long ; in the centre of the underneath it may be embroidered with gold, silver, or sUk. The outer part, or hanging border, is made of the same material, divided into pieces about eight inches wide and eighteen long, and these bordered with laces and trimmed with fringe of gold, silver, or silk. The whole canopy is lined with linen sufficiently strong to prevent tearing, and is suspended from thatop of six or eight poles by means of strings, or otherwise ; these poles are from eight to ten feet long, ornamented with carvings at the top, and are gilded from the middle up, the lower part being painted red or blue. The most prominent Catholics of the parish carry these poles during a procession. No. 9 is the form of a bench for the celebrant, deacon, and sub-deacon. This may be neatly made, and embellished with carvings ; nevertheless there should be nothing to give it the appearance of a throne. No. 12 shows the shape of a veil of white silk, more or less richly ornamented, which is placed before the Blessed Sacrament ex- posed in the niche, during a sermon, through reverence for the Holy Eucharist. Nos. 14, 15, and 16 represent the forms of baptismal font. The Roman ritual does not indeed prescribe any special shape of bap- tistery or baptismal font, but it requires that they should be of solid materials, neatly shaped, and located in a decent place ; moreover, that the vase containing the baptismal water should EXPLANATION OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS. 537 not be porous or leaky ; that it should be decently ornamented, and protected from dirt or dust, secured by a lock, and inclosed witliin railings ; and where it can be done, the image of St. John the Baptist, in the act of baptizing our Lord, should be painted. The form suggested in the manual is very simple, and yet it an- swers the purpose, at least in country churches. The vase a a should be of stone, three feet six inches from the floor to the brim, and o.t the brim about four feet. In it two recipients should be hewed, as in No. lf>. These should be of round concave form, 15 inches in diameter at the opening, and about six inches in depth ; so that, if the water should happen to freeze, there will be no danger of breaking the stone. One of these vases is to contain the baptismal water, and the other to be used as a recipient of the water which drips from the head of the bap- tized. This latter vase should have a hole at the bottom, in con- nection with a pipe about an inch and a half in diameter, through the pedestal of the font, to carry the v/ater into a small cistern which is to serve as a sacrarium. The vase destined for bap- tismal water should have a cover of hard wood, that can easily be removed when baptism is to be administered. This baptismal font should be covered with a sort of canopy, made of wood, and richly ornamented ; for convenience sake, it may be so construct- ed, and interiorly so divided by partitions, and provided with shelves, as to be able to contain the holy oils, the candle, the sil- ver shell, the white garment and ritual, &c., as can be seen in m, No. 15. This cover should have doors so constructed that, while they are opened, they cannot interfere with the performance of the ceremonies in baptizing ; it should be securely fixed to the font with iron fastenings. The size of the font should be pro- portioned to the necessities of the parish. The model given in No. 15 would answer for a pretty large parish.* The place for the baptismal font is at the end of the church ; and in large churches it should be placed in a chapel, which would be more * This cover, and at least a part of the font, commencing from the ball on which the cross stands, should be covered with a white &\\k cloth in the shape of cur- tains, opened in front, that can be easily moved apart when the doors of the font are to bo opened. 538 EXPLANATION OP THE ILLUSTRATIONS. suitable, and correspond better with the dignity of so great and essential a sacrament. Cathedrals and principal churches have their baptismal fonts of different construction, and more richly ornamented, as can be seen in the Instructions on Ecclesiastical Architecture, by St. Charles Borromeo. No. 20 is a single confessional ; the proportions are the same, or nearly so, as those of the double confessional, except that there is only one place for the penitent. In this there is no necessity for a door at the window. Above the window on the penitents' side it is customary, in Italy, to place an engraving, representing the image of our crucified Saviour ; and in the inside a similar image, and the words of absolution, which should be placed op- posite the confessor, above the door. No. 21. Vmbrellino, used instead of a canopy, when the Blessed Sacrament is carried to the sick, or is transferred from one altar to another. It is made pretty much like an umbrella, not, how- ever, so ovally shaped ; it is made of white silk, and bordered with gold or silk lace and fringe. The rod of the umhrellino is gilded, and is about six inches longer than that of a common umbrella. No. 22 represents a double confessional. A confessional should be constructed in such a manner as to inclose the confessor en- tirely on all sides, except in front, where there should be a door of lattice work, or so made as to admit suflBcient air. The sides where the penitents kneel should be open, so that the people can see there is a person in the confessional. The height of the con- fessional inside should be about six feet. It should have a base, especially when it is placed on a pavement, to prevent dampness ; and it should be raised a few inches, at most five, above the floor or pavement of the church, and should project about two inches on all sides of the confessional except at the back. The place for the confessor should be about three feet three inches from back to front, and two feet nine inches from side to side. The seat for the confessor should be one foot seven inches high above the base, and one foot five inches from front to back. On each side of the boarding which stands between the confessor and the penitent, a small wooden rail should be fixed, that the con- fessor may lean on it while resting on his arm, and should be so made that he can raise or lower it at will. The steps on which EXPLANATION OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS. 539 the penitent kneels should rest on the base of the confessional, and be about fourteen inches broad and four or five inches high. The place where the penitent may lean with joined hands should be seven or eight inches broad and two feet six inches above the base, resting against the bordering of the confessional. An open- ing or small window should be made in the middle of the board- ing between the confessor and the penitent ; the lowest part of this opening should be one foot ten inches above the seat of the confessor, and about eleven inches high and eight wide ; to this opening should be fixed on the side of the penitent a plate I I I ■ ■" ■ ■ ■■ .. I . . . » -J i .ii jn8IBmWB WH| iiiii .»J III i i n n 1. Altar with Canopy. 2. Throne for the Bishop. T /a 1 *;- \ j V Paschal Candle. Torch used at the Benediction, Elevation and Procession of the B. S. Triangle used on Holy Saturday. Lantern used during the procession of the Blessed Sacrament. ;: 8. ^v^?>*i>>^-'^- Antipendium, or altar veil. 8. Canopy used in the procession of the Blessed Sacrament. 9, Bench for Celebrant, Deacon and Subdeacon. t wm. 10. Processional Cross. 11. Triangle used during the office of Tenebrae. 12. Veil to be placed before the B. Sacrament exposed durhig a sermon. I 14. Baptismal Font closed, which, should be covered with & white silk cloth. 16. A form of a simple Baptismal Font, opened. 16. Horizontal section showing the basin containing baptismal water and the recipient of same when dripping from the head of the Baptized. 17. Kneeling desk covered with green drapery. 18. Clapper used during holy week instead of the httle bell. 19. Stool for cope-bearei's. 20. 20. Simple Confessional after the model given by St. Cliarles Borromeo. 21. Umbrellino, closed and opened, used instead of a canopy in transferring the Blessed Sacrament from one altar to another. 23. 24. 25. 26. Two niches for the exposition of the Blessed Sacrament. Um wherein to deposit the B. S. in the Chapel of the Repository. Eelic-cases. Pyx covered with white silk cloth trimmed with gold or silver fringe. ■ ^ 9 p o P 6 9i ,^ V> ^ ^ * « ^ > ' o"- 0^ ,->,^ 1, f o >. rA* i" N ^Oo 0^' ^^,^V "* G^ '1/ * '^t^jjy>f^ o« .^ ^^ ^ <'\ ft a .• ^ t- ^'^ ' s"^ ^0 ,0 ^^^ r". O the Bookkeeper process, agnesium Oxide r>r\r\R Deacidified using the Bookk Neutralizing agent: Magnesium Oxide Treatment Date: Jan. 2006 PreservationTechnologif A WORLD LEADER IN PAPER PRESERVATI 1 1 1 Thornson Park Drive Cranberry Township, PA 16066 (724)779-2111 RVATION -j.-.^>« 'y "C . 4.J ' ,^ A V^V'^ // 'C -r-'. * ^ %'' ^^^ v^' .-xV sP'ic. ^ .0 y " ">KJ^ 7. * s ^ \\^ ^^, 7- %/^7^^^'^

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