Class 
 Book. 
 
 SMITHSONIAN DEPOSIT 
 
AHN'S 
 
 GERMAN PRIMER. 
 
 EDITED BY 
 
 W. Graueet. 
 
 Fourth Edition. 
 
 Enlarged and Improved. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 E. S t e i g e r. 
 
 1872. 
 
TF3 
 
 GERMAN IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS, ^ 
 
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 saw} *»«■—■ 
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, by 
 
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 in the Office ot the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 
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 Electrotyper and Printer. 
 
PREFACE 
 
 TO THE FOURTH EDITION. 
 
 The great success which Ahn's German Primer has 
 within a short period attained, has stimulated the Editor to 
 strive by all means in his power to render this new edition still 
 more deserving of public favor. 
 
 The book in its present form offers advantages, some 
 altogether new and others undoubted improvements, over all 
 preceding editions, and such as are not to be found in any 
 similar publication. 
 
 Seeming difficulties very commonly prove as substantial 
 obstacles as real ones; and the formation of German printed 
 and written characters is one of this class of difficulties, that 
 besets a beginner in the study- of German. The perplexity is 
 not diminished when the pupil first encounters these characters 
 in types only a little larger than those in general use. For 
 this reason, the Letters of the Alphabet, both printed and 
 written, are here presented on an unusually large scale, so 
 that the eye cannot fail to trace their true formation. 
 
 On the same principle, the German Script throughout is 
 larger-faced than formerly, and it is now so clear and neat 
 that nothing is wanting to its distinctness. 
 
 Important additions and amendments have been introduced 
 into the text ; and a Vocabulary is given of all German words, 
 exactly as they occur, and demanding no previous grammatical 
 training in the pupil. So complete and thorough has been the 
 
revision of the work, that while it retains all former excel- 
 lencies, its many improved features make it almost new ; at the 
 same time the book has not been so much enlarged as to ex- 
 ceed reasonable limits. It still claims to be perspicuous and 
 concise, avoiding the dilfuseness of a too elaborate treatise. 
 
 Ahn's German Primer, by the simplest rules and grada- 
 tions, fixes the principles of German Pronunciation in the mind. 
 Simultaneously it imparts, by the easiest degrees, the rudi- 
 ments of grammar ; while judiciously progressive Reading 
 Exercises familiarize the pupil with a multitude of words in 
 every day use. 
 
 The Editor has kept steadily in view his original aim to 
 make Ahn's German Primer the easiest introduction to a 
 language now so much studied ; and he sincerely believes that 
 the present edition will most materially facilitate the study of 
 German in Primary Classes, or wherever in this country 
 German is taught. 
 
 New York, July 1872. 
 
The Alphabet 
 
 The German Alphabet is composed of the following twenty- 
 six letters: 
 
 Name: 
 
 a A 
 
 * S S3? 
 
 b B 
 
 c <E „ _/~ 
 
 c C 
 
 b D ^^ 
 
 d D 
 
 c <g 
 
 e E 
 
 Name: 
 
 ah 
 
 bay 
 
 tsay 
 
 day 
 
 ay 
 
 f 8 
 
 i F 
 
 ef 
 
 § ® j? (^ gay 
 
 i I 
 
 i 3 > 
 
 ^ 
 
 ee 
 
 yot 
 
Name: 
 
 f St y df kah 
 
 k K 
 
 I fi S -P 7 
 
 1 L 
 
 m 9)? ^^" 
 
 m M 
 
 n 91 ^ ^ 
 
 el 
 
 em 
 
 en 
 
 n N 
 
 o O 
 
 -€* 
 
 & o 
 
 P f^ ^ pay 
 
 q Q / 
 
 r 9t 
 
 r K 
 
 j*« 
 
 koo 
 
 err 
 
 [8© 
 
 8 S 
 
 t £ 
 
 t T 
 
 u U 
 
 u U 
 
 Name: 
 
 ess 
 
 J: tay 
 
 oo 
 
 » 8 - ^ 
 
 v V 
 
 w W 
 x x 
 
 fow (fou) 
 
 vay 
 
 IX 
 
 9 U 
 
 y Y 
 
 ypseelon 
 
 .»w* 
 
 tset 
 
 Simple vowels are: a, e, t, o, u, (9), 
 Modified or softened vowels: a, d, u, 
 Diphthongs, or compound sounds: cm, ei, eu, an, at. 
 
 All other letters are consonants. 
 
SECTION FIRST. 
 
 The Letters, and Words of one Syllable. 
 
 n 91 
 
 mM ,^^f 
 
 I fi 
 
 in *** im **** WS, 
 
 in in the Nile 
 
 take 
 
 Observations: 1. m, tt, I are pronounced as in English. 
 
 2. Each vowel is short before a double consonant. 
 
 3. i, when short, has the same sound as i in pin, lip, bit; 
 i long, has the sound ee in meet (never like i in mine. ) 
 
 4. All nouns, common as well as proper, and words used 
 as nouns, begin with a capital letter. 
 
 5 
 
— 
 
 :. O D 
 
 * 33 
 
 P9 
 
 o 
 
 f $ 
 
 oj W" spot i^Z M 
 
 pole 
 
 praise 
 
 lomm A, 
 
 come 
 
 Obs.: 1. o, when long, has the sound of o in so, stone, bone 
 (never like O in move. ) 
 
 2. P short is pronounced like O in spctf, ra>£, offer, 
 
 3. b, p, f are pronounced as in English. 
 
I — 
 
 a 31 
 
 b 3) 
 
 t x 
 
 f $ 
 
 at 
 
 444>1&!-t* 
 
 there off one 
 
 $tann ^£*«* att ^^ man „****$< 
 
 man all weak 
 
 times 
 
 comb 
 
toll A^ Zm 
 
 tone 
 
 mad 
 
 nut 
 
 with 
 
 -&A** 
 
 fall 
 
 Obs.: I. a has always the sound of tt in far, hard. 
 2. b, t, f are pronounced as in English. 
 
 4. uu 
 
 u 
 
 (like f ) v 
 
 urn , 
 
 
 f>U * 
 
 ^" nun 
 
 cs 
 
 ■&**&&* 
 
 around 
 
 
 thou (you) 
 
 now 
 
 
 vUlTlIil *^^***-*&* 
 
 Vvil -*2-f&* vvll *&-&-£> 
 
 stupid 
 
 
 of 
 
 full 
 
 
 
 bath 
 
 am 
 
 
 Obs.: 1. it long, sounds like U in rule, true, rude (but never 
 like U in use). 
 
 2. tt short, is nearly our OO in good, book, or If in pull. 
 
 3. to sounds like f. 
 
— 9 
 
 it skin the 
 
 ©inn ^L* t»enn ^**~ nett **~<^ 
 
 sense for neat 
 
 £oi> %S ©aft ^^ 
 
 death juice / 
 
 Obs. : 1. e short, sounds like e in men. 
 
 2. e long, sounds like ay in ?7ia% or a in fate. 
 
 3. e final or unaccented, sounds like e in hammer. 
 
 4. Of the two signs, in German, for small s, the long f is 
 used in the beginning and middle of syllables; the 
 short $ only at the end of a word or syllable. Capital 
 @> or long f has always the buzzing sound of % in zeal, 
 short 3 has the sharp or hissing sound of * in same. 
 
— 10 — 
 
 v $1 
 
 9 W 
 
 8tab^ytx~*< fa y^ Otonb^L 
 
 wheel lie yes ^ edge 
 
 before 
 
 Vvl :■ 
 
 the 
 
 hyssop 
 
 Obs. : 1. r is pronounced with greater stress than the English r 1 
 and must be clearly heard. 
 . 2. i is like y in yes, year. 
 
 3. 9 as a vowel sounds like i in milk. 
 
11 — 
 
 oe 
 
 ue 
 
 £)el ^/ fiir /& 
 
 for / 
 
 oil 
 
 Obs.: 
 
 Minn 
 
 thin 
 
 **&*&* 
 
 33ar 
 
 bear 
 
 & 
 
 m 
 
 bad 
 
 1. The vowels a, o and u are often modified by adding 
 e and are written either: 2le, £3e, Ue or % €>, U, 
 when the vowel modified is a capital; but when small 
 letters are used, they are written: d, d, it. 
 
 2. d sounds like ai in /air. 
 
 3. P sounds nearly like i in frircZ or tf in hurt. 
 
 4. tt cannot be rendered by any corresponding sound in 
 English (French: tf). 
 
 
 aa 
 
— 12 — 
 
 ee (Ee ^&^s^ 
 
 00 Dp 
 
 te 
 
 le 
 
 cash pair / hall 
 
 ©aat ^w' 
 
 seed 
 
 dear 
 
 23eet 
 
 bed (of flowers) 
 bed boat lot 
 
 the never much four 
 
 deep / 
 
 eel 
 
 sea song 
 
 thief 
 
 $J003 
 
 t-£A<& 
 
— 13 — 
 
 Obs.: 1. Double vowels are long and pronounced like the 
 simple vowels. 
 2. ie is equivalent to long i, as ie m field. 
 
 ai 
 
 ct di 
 
 an $u 
 
 ay 
 
 eu 
 
 ei 
 
— 14 — 
 
 cut $eu or m 
 
 aeu 
 
 e gg (l? Ma y a, one out 
 
 course / ripe / idle / 
 
 tauh ^**z/ 23eut J2~* JMm ^™ 
 
 deaf leg germ 
 
 fern -A*** attf ^^ tout A>*?y 
 
 no upon / loud 
 
 tree new nine 
 
 JlCtlt ******* UlCOl ******** 'Ovtl .s^S^^^ 
 
 no my hatchet 
 
 t>ein ,-w fetn 
 
 your his 
 
 Obs.: I. at and ei sound like i in^re. 
 
 2. an sounds like ou in Jtowse. 
 
 3. ctt is most nearly like the English oy in boy. 
 
 4. ait is the modified diphthong corresponding to att« 
 It is pronounced in the same manner as em 
 
— 15 — 
 
 10. 
 
 I Jp 
 
 to 3B ^&&> 
 
 hay ^ 
 
 m*^- 
 
 where 
 
 rolj 
 
 rude 
 
 »in 
 
 %,-£■■&■*■■&*■ 
 
 toemt 
 
 if 
 
 •&H2^&&&&& 
 
 toamt 
 
 when 
 
 w 
 
 bright J? 
 
 hoof <^^ / yard {s / sore 
 
 roe ^ 
 
 we 
 because 
 
 who whom 
 
 to<x$ *~~S l>at>tt J3^ natj **«*/ 
 
 what cock ^^ ^^ near ^r 
 
 Obs.: I. £ has the sound of .English h, when it begins a word; 
 at the beginning of syllables not initial, it is less per- 
 
— 16 — 
 
 ceptible; in the middle or at the end of syllables it is 
 silent, and serves to lengthen the preceding vowel. 
 2. ID answers to the English v. i 
 
 f$ @C() sch(sli) 
 
 yarn js good ^ day 
 
 2Be$ ^r £etg ^> £0$ 
 
 way 
 
 dough 
 
 hole 
 
— IT 
 
 Txxfy^iZ*/ na* *w^©u* JSL^ 
 
 roof J/ after /^ book ^ 
 
 ■&frt-t-£ 
 
 (23a* 3Z~/ i* ^X mi* 
 brook <^ I <y me 
 
 ret* *«*^/ ti>et* *^^^/ i>o* *^/ 
 
 rich' ^^ soft ^^ yet ^ 
 
 no* ■*««/ £tt* <^X 
 
 stiU ^ cloth ^ 
 
 ait* ^^ ett* **~/ f*i>n *^£. 
 
 also ss you ^^ beautiful /,v 
 
 shoe 
 
 raf* *«*£/ 
 
 quick y^^ 
 
 e*af ^S^- 
 
 sheep <y / 
 
 Obs. : 1. in the beginning of syllables like g in English, as 
 in good, gift: in all other positions it has a peculiar 
 soft guttural sound somewhat like <$>. 
 
 2. C in words properly German, is found only in the 
 combinations c£, &, f<$>. 
 
 3. <$ at the beginning of words is pronounced like k; 
 it has a harsh guttural sound, when it follows a, o, 
 it and cm (like ch in the Scotch word Loch) and a 
 softer palatal sound after all other vowels. 
 
 4. f <$ is the equivalent of the English sh. 
 
— 18 
 
 12- 
 
 d ck 
 
 W dt 
 
 m J*J ©ad £L/ f^ocf ^k/ 
 
 thick 
 
 coat 
 
 tm^CJ/ $Jutl> tfZZ^ rou) *«^ 
 
 dead 
 
 courage 
 
 red 
 
 door s7 
 
 phiiip yv^ <?</ 
 
 Obs. : 1. tf sounds like k and is used only after short vowels. 
 
 2. fct is pronounced like simple t. 
 
 3. tfc is pronounced like simple I"; at the end of syllables 
 it indicates a long vowel. 
 
 4. pf) is pronounced like f. 
 
bite / shot 
 
 wet 
 
 hot <7 / foot / 
 
 sweet 
 
 white / late /& jest ^/ / 
 
 almost/ / still 
 
 ftumm y^w~~* 
 
 mute X 
 
 steel ^^ is X cane 
 
20 — 
 
 ©W ^Z^f ©tow -^Lv 
 
 47 city 
 
 chair 
 
 stone hast JS / stiff / 
 
 arrow / / pot <y/ 
 
 path ./ / 
 
 Obs. : 1. ff has always the sharp and hissing sound of 8S in 
 massy. 
 
 2. $ is pronounced as ff and substituted for it at the 
 end of a word, before the consonant t, and after a 
 long vowel or diphthong. 
 
 3. ft and fp in the middle and at the end of syllables 
 are pronounced as in English; at the beginning of a 
 word or syllable, f before t and p sounds like fc£, 
 but less broadly than common English sh. 
 
 4. pf is pronounced as a combination of p and f, but 
 never like f. 
 
21 
 
 x # 
 
 <? D 
 
 to (too) 
 
 tough 
 
 tame Js ^ 
 
 %t\)\\ ;f ~Z 3af>n 0^ Beit J0L/ 
 
 ten ^J7 tooth ^ ^ time ^ 
 
 finfc ^^ SRefc ^^ per * 
 
 pointed/^^ ^ net ts across / 
 
 r 
 
 ■/&■■//■■#*■ 
 
 Dual ^w^Baun £*~~ 
 
 torment ./ 
 
 fence ^/^ 
 
 Obs. : 1. $ is pronounced like Is as in nets. 
 
 2. £ is the equivalent of a double % ancl is pronounced in 
 the same manner as a single g. 
 
 3. ^ has the sound of English X {ks. ) 
 
 4. q as in English is always followed by tt, and qtt is 
 pronounced as qu in queen. 
 
')•> — 
 
 .5. &)§yf fy/P' f$ltt^£ 
 
 fox ^^ wax ^?^ 
 
 ox <fs six / ^^ is called^^ / 
 
 narrow /^ string ^^ 
 
 smith ^x cut 
 
 Obs. : <|>/ when followed by f ($) is pronounced as f, 1 e. 
 <j(>3 as J. 
 
 16. ftV ^^ Itt ~^ U0 W^ 
 
 nfdj -^ nf y/ ng ^ 
 ng$ ^ til ~y 
 
 and month child 
 
 land 
 
23 
 
 tie sand 
 
 wind are/ edge 
 
 £*mt> £L~S £unt> &r~S 
 
 hand ^^ dog ^/ 
 
 28ani> ^L*^ 2 fcjjetnt /^***y 
 
 wall seems /^ 
 
 fumt ^^ SSttenfd) ^L^^ 
 
 variegated man /^ 
 
 us goose ^^ round 
 
 <2£^ 
 
 fiinf /£~f £anf JpS 
 
 five / / hemp ^^ 
 
 2)cmf st&L^ tang^L^ 3)ing /?iL* 
 
 thanks long <j^ thing <^^ 
 
 around ^^ along 
 
 S3anf J^**y 3anf £L**J 
 
 bank quarrel ^/ 
 
 Obs.: ttg has a sound like English ng* in singer (not like 
 
 along 
 
— 24 
 
 17. 
 
 IP 
 
 lb 
 
 it ^ 16 
 
 4441 -2^^ 
 
 ©$«*> ^^ Salt* ^2^ 
 
 shield <y forest 
 
 baft Z^ ©ei& ^^ aft -^ 
 
 soon money ^x old 
 
 flatt ^C^ Mb ^^ \mZ^ 
 
 calf picture half^^ 
 
 debt ^ milk ^ 
 
 ®Dft ^^ frit £^ Mt J^ 
 
 gold <y tent </X^ cold 
 
 ftrto, ^Z ate ^ fa 
 
 tallow <y when f 
 
 rock dagger ^^ mild 
 
 pulse X neck ^^^ alp /y 
 
 fellow (rogue) 
 
 SBeft 
 
 world 
 
25 
 
 is. uxt>s ttttw w$w 
 $;# fts^ ftf$j^r Hi? 
 
 £emb & 
 
 sliirt s? 
 
 ©aft 
 
 juice 
 
 pretty^" /^ air / praises 
 
 cornice crab 
 
 .9. rl ~s vb ~s rb ^ rt 
 
 Charles away/ hard,^/ 
 
 inarch /V^ stag ^/ /V^ 
 
26 
 
 basket far / beard 
 
 3D?orf> ffl£„S ©tordj tfZ*yf 
 
 murder stork <y 
 
 word through ^ arm 
 
 cork corn verse 
 
 Mxm ***<*>*<*** \\<xx\/£*^J%<ixxAJ^L*** 
 
 warm strong / noise 
 
 Sets -^-©orfx^/^arl ^^> 
 
 mountain <^ village y' park / 
 
 sharp /<{/ / tower ^^ 
 
 20. fy.fS $J^ tyt 
 
 servant-girl <r eight <^ right ^^ 
 
 light ^^ light <;^ bends 
 
— 27 
 
 fdjtd t 46£^f ddjt **y^ nacf t +~**^f 
 
 sends /<y genuine <y naked 
 
 power js night js 
 
 wipes /■' Adige 
 
 
 ftxotyi^L^Wau J@Lz ©let -22£- 
 
 frog s£s \>\v& lead 
 
 $ta£ ^^ frtW^k^ffaA^L/ 
 
 place / / fresh/ /S^ flat/ ^/ 
 
 l)rett*^w^ ^ratt^l^ ©rofc JS^ 2 
 
 broad woman bread 
 
 fcr mm «*£*«£. ©rtef .SSL/bfaf ^^ 
 
 brown letter, / pale / 
 
 gtttf ^^ ©tut =5^ flan #^ 
 
 plan y 
 
 sleep ^^ / step 
 
— 28 — 
 
 breast x friend 
 
 <§<$lop ^2tZ/f 9 tins ^£*~ 
 
 lock ^^ / prince / *x 
 
 $rtt(f)t o£^/ gtetfdj iJZL^Z/' 
 
 fruit ^^ meat X^ 
 
 ®fott -^^ fflctfl ^2^ 
 
 leaf diligence / 
 
 22. gl^ ftt^- f I M f t ^ 
 
 br ^ tr ^ In 
 
 
 fortune ^/^ coarse^' faithful 
 
 glass ^^ grave ^^ small 
 
 $kti> a£Z*S grojw^ 7 $nie ^X* 
 
 dress large ^ / knee 
 
 dream clear smooth ^^ 
 
 ^rei3 a£^ %x\\i ^L^ WxJ™* 
 
 circle step three 
 
29 — 
 
 knight <y cross <£s 
 
 
 knight <y 
 
 %xv& si2LzJ Sixty a£« 
 
 pressure (print; war ^ 
 
 ©ra3 ^L*^ %xwX ^j^J 
 
 grass £s drink 
 
 clap strength / 
 
 Promiscuous Reading Exercises in Monosyllables, 
 asks / ^^ burns 
 
 23. 
 
 plays/^^ counts ^ ^ blind 
 
 bad /V 5 ^ ^ battle ^^ ,^ 
 
 writing ^^ / pound / / 
 
 carries ^^ pays^^ ^^ sick 
 
 ©runb ^^^ fcrmtdjt ^C^y^ 
 
 ground £S needs <^ 
 
— 30 — 
 
 sword ^y grinds /ts / 
 
 believes Js sleeps /Ss / 
 
 £**» March ds market 
 
 salt <7 heart ^^ ^ wood £? ^ 
 
 steam ^/ fear ^^ 
 
 rosin ^^ <x beside / whole <^^ ^x 
 
 warms art 
 
 thirst / learns helps <^^ / 
 
 lately ^ ^*V jest ^ ^ 
 
 highly ^^ sy/ else / / thanks 
 
 ■€&&&■/-?& 
 
 warns struggle 
 
 
— 31 
 
 forest S- cares/ <y fur / ss 
 
 2>tenjl 
 
 25. 3*wtf j&~*~/ @tro$ ^LX 
 
 aim ^/ , straw ^-^ 
 
 -■z^a.'&^iZ. 
 
 ©tnwtyf t&Lz^/' 
 
 stocking 
 
 twelve ^x 
 
 pains /js ts croaks ^ts 
 
 spasm ^/ sentence ^^ 
 
 duty // ^ 
 
 etrtd ^*> 
 
 rope 
 wreath ^x 
 
 Ittitpft J*^/^ 
 
 knits ^/ 
 
 @prcu ^^^ 
 
 chaff ^ 
 
 splendor <x ^^ 
 
 thread ^x 
 
 branch ^/ ^^ 
 
 @trt$ ^L/ 
 
 stroke <y 
 
 speak 
 
 <Strom ^ 
 
 &<■&&&* 
 
 stream 
 
32 
 
 2Mb ^LZ^ gld'njt *4L~S 
 
 wood glitters <?s ts 
 
 Idngft ^w^ (Sdjft)<ut;$ l&Cn****. 
 
 long ago ^/ tail ^^ ^^ 
 
 landlord <^ smokes Js 
 
 26. 23ai>J2^8teIJ ^/£)|r «^f 
 
 bath cattle ^^^ ear ^^ 
 
 year ^^ ^^ " watch ^ world 
 
 Belt JL^ gelt) i^> $jt ^ 
 
 tent ^f field branch /^ 
 
 guest <^^ / pleasure / burden / 
 
 mind ^^ /^ rust ,/ physician ^^ 
 
 ring ^^ thorn anger ^/^ 
 
 head ^^ ^ mast / 
 
 mustard / head ts / 
 
 
— 33 — 
 
 SECTION SECOND. 
 
 Words of two Syllables. 
 
 The sign ' indicates the accented syllable. 
 
 27. Wa'mt Sfo'na. (Sm'ma Sap'pt So'tc 
 
 name Anna Emma cap messenger 
 
 D'fim fjit'je SRie'tnen Btnt'mev SBa'ge 
 
 stove heat strap room scale 
 
 (Sr'be @r'fc ©on'ne %re SBar'me £offel 
 
 earth heir sun ear warmth spoon 
 
 gld'te 3Wfi$'te 2M'ler £ul'fe £itt'te 
 
 flute mill miller help hut 
 
 gei'gc SWei'le Me SBei'be SBie'ne U'M 
 
 fig mile owl willow bee evil 
 
 ©a'be 9Wte SSo'get £>ueHe SC^rd'ne 
 
 gift note bird spring tear 
 
 SJWSe £cri'be @ttyc 
 
 trouble heath oak 
 
 c £&■-/■■&("&■ 4^t*i&-fir-'t> ^£&f^fr C^/-*-&-'£l>7r' . 
 
 28. Slu'ge S3o^'nc ^u'be 9tei'fe ©u'^e 
 
 eye bean Jew travel beech 
 
 (E'fdje £an'ne Wte See're Sfto'fe ®$'re 
 
 ash fix cavern berry rose honor 
 
— 34 — 
 
 &w'ge (Sei'fe <5ei'be 5tffe <Sup>e Sfat'ber 
 
 lye soap silk ape soup oar 
 
 0tin'ne geu'er Sttctr'mor 9ttau'er 23au'er 
 
 gutter fire marble wall farmer 
 
 1'bcr ©et'ge 33eu'te SBai'fe ©at'te ©ci'tc 
 
 vein fiddle prey orphan string page 
 
 ©du'le Sftit'k (Scfyeu'ne SBoffe 9tum'mer 
 
 pillar turnip barn wool number 
 
 Bei'le Xau'h 
 
 line dove 
 
 C^&~z* rfe<*<- 
 
 XX 
 
 •^^^^^^^>^3f< 
 
 29. wulj tteidj fdjon tyod) [up rotfj neu 
 
 rough soft fine high sweet red new 
 
 toeip gut toctfyr »ott rein fein Ijart rec^t 
 
 white good true full pure fine hard right 
 
 bid futy leer je'ber je'ner eu'er re'be ei'Ie 
 
 thick cool empty every that your speak hurry 
 
 nen'tte ren'ne ntur're en'be gef)'e jiefy'e 
 
 name run grumble finish go draw 
 
 mi'fifye int'mer nim'nter o'bcr mor'gen lo'be 
 
 mix always never or to-morrow praise 
 
 tt>arum' in'nen iwei'fe Wfo 
 
 why inside wise live 
 
 'Z-Z^t*-?*- &<-&<Z-/f -^XZ-fr-Jt-JL/ -tp-i**^ ■*<■■&■&/'■& 
 
 /y x / X s 
 
— 35 — 
 
 30. %ft Wftt 5tu'ge 2fu'gen Sau'er 
 
 branch branches eye eyes farmer 
 
 Sdau'txn 23aum 23au'me SCffc SXffcn 
 
 farmers tree trees ape apes 
 
 mt> m'btx ®a$ 2)a'd)ev Sn'te (Sn'ten 
 
 picture pictures roof roofs duck ducks 
 
 (Eu'le (Su'fen gafle gat'lcn gen'fter getb 
 
 owl owls trap traps window, windows field 
 
 gefber gi|tyer ©cms ©an'fe ©ar'ten 
 
 fields fisherman, fishermen goose geese garden 
 
 ©ar'ten £cutt f>fiu'te £of £o'fe 
 
 gardens hide hides yard yards 
 
 ^i5-6&^'&&z- ^tZ^-^^frii*- s^lj^t^-z^ t^c^-^^^- 
 
 /y ^ 
 
 3i. 3a$r 3a|'re 3a'a,er ^na'be tfna'&en 
 
 year years hunter, hunters boy boys 
 
 torn Mm'mt fleffel $o<$ $o'd)e 
 
 comb combs boiler, boilers cook cooks 
 
 flft'dje tfft'djeit ^ir'fc^e tfir'f$en Canb 
 
 kitchen kitchens cherry cherries country 
 
 gfin'ber £o'tt>e £o'tt>en £e|'rer 8id)t 
 
 countries lion lions teacher, teachers light 
 
 Sidj'ter 9ttau3 2Mu'fe SWcile SWci'Icn 
 
 lights mouse mice mile miles 
 
 Stteffev Sda'bcl Sla'befn £f>r O^'ren 
 
 knife, knives needle needles ear ears 
 
 jD'fot £)'fen $up'pe $u^en 
 
 stove stoves doll dolls 
 
— 36 — 
 
 32. mab mbtx Stanb mribtx ©aunt 
 
 wheel wheels edge edges seam 
 
 ©du'mc ©eil ©ci'Ie ©ofn <S5|'ne ©djaf 
 
 seams rope ropes son sons sheep 
 
 ©dja'fe (Scfy&'fer (Sdjufy ©dju'fye 
 
 sheep shepherd, shepherds shoe shoes 
 
 ©tu'fce ©tu'ktt ©tern ©tei'ne ©tun'be 
 
 room rooms stone stones hour 
 
 ©hm'ben ©tafl ©t&fle ©tordj <3t5r'$e 
 
 hours stable stables stork storks 
 
 SCaffe SCaf fen Xtt'ltx Xm'fo Xau'Un 
 
 cup cups plate, plates dove doves 
 
 U^r Xty'xm U'fer $a'ter SSa'ter 
 
 watch watches shore, shores father fathers 
 
 ©cif^ctt SSet'ter SSet'tern 2Beg SCc'gc 
 
 violet, violets cousin cousins way ways 
 
 SBo'dje SBo'djen 2Be«'pe SBetyeit 3^n 
 
 week weeks wasp wasps tooth 
 
 3fi$'ne Bmt'ge gun'gen 
 
 teeth tongue tongues 
 
 
 m***-** 
 
 £■■&£■ &■&?;<■ 
 
 33. ntun'ter riding tnit'jng bur'jng le'gc 
 
 gay right idle thirsty lay 
 
 fm'ftev flet'pig fer'tig en'ge fa'ge ^o'tc 
 
 dark diligent ready, done narrow say fetch 
 
— 37 — 
 
 efyre fe'fye fte'^e ma'dje fu'dje tta'dje 
 
 honor see stand make seek watch 
 
 fotye iDi'fc^e ftyo'ne fdja'be fa'e toS'ge 
 
 laugh wipe spare hurt sow weigh 
 
 Ijo'te feau'e tei'be toei'ne Ijeu'te fo'fte 
 
 hear build suffer weep howl cost 
 
 fretmb'udj tt>a'fdj>e lau'fdje 
 
 friendly wash listen 
 
 s yy y-y y y 
 
 y yy yy y 
 
 In the preceding paragraphs the syllables are separated 
 according to 'pronunciation. In the following paragraphs 
 the syllables are so separated as to show the derivation of 
 words. 
 
 34. £fyor £fjor'ljeit toaljr 2Ba|r'|eit roty 
 
 fool foolishness true truth rude 
 
 ftoWeit ^tnb tfinb'$ett fret $rei'$ett 
 
 rudeness child childhood free freedom 
 
 Sttenfd) 3»enf<peit franf flranf$eit fdjBn 
 
 man mankind ill illness beautiful 
 
 ©^fin^eit toft Mn$'kx jung bungling 
 
 beauty art artist young young man 
 
 ©djutb ©djulb'ner fremb ^remb'lmg f>irt 
 
 debt debtor strange stranger shepherd 
 
 ffat'tn ©unfl (Mnft'fing £etb f>etb'ttt 
 
 shepherdess favor favorite hero heroine 
 
— 38 — 
 
 ^reunb Sfreunb'in $ocfy Slbfyin ©tu^t 
 
 friend (female) friend cook (female) cook chair 
 
 ©tufyfdjen £5tt>'e Cow'tn <So|n ©o^n'^en 
 
 little chair lion lioness son little son 
 
 S3aum 23&um'$ett 23udj 23itdj'teitt 
 
 tree little tree book little book 
 
 ■&<-// "& *^C^ ■?**■'&■■&. 
 
 
 35. grof ©rd^'e tang Sang'e tief £tefe 
 
 great greatness long length deep depth 
 
 brett 23reit'e bid ®icfe f)octy We toaxm 
 
 broad breadth thick thickness high height warm 
 
 SBarm'e fait We naf $affe ftarl 
 
 warmth cold cold( — ness) wet moisture strong 
 
 (Stcufe out (M'te fdjnxid) ©djtoadj'e 
 
 strength good goodness weak weakness 
 
 $retmb ^reunb'fdjaft geinb ^einb'fc^aft 
 
 friend friendship enemy enmity 
 
 Ccmb Sanb'fdjaft reidj Sfteidj'tfwm 
 
 land landscape wealthy wealth 
 
— 39 — 
 
 36. $lei£ fletp'ig 3tta$t ntftdjt'ig 9tot$ 
 
 industry industrious might mighty necessity 
 
 ttdtl>'ig gut gitt'ig <5anb fanb'ig ^Salj 
 
 necessary good kind sand sandy salt 
 
 fatj'ig SJfum'e Mum'tg £>orn born'tg S5erg 
 
 salty flower flowery thorn thorny mountain 
 
 frerg'ig fluent fnedjt'ifd) 2)iefc bte&'tfdj 
 
 mountainous servant slavish thief thievish 
 
 2lngft angft'lid) @$r'e efrticty grieb'e 
 
 anxiety anxious honor honest peace 
 
 frteb'Itdj Safyx jdJjr'ltdj rot$ rflty'Iidj Slag 
 
 peaceful year yearly red reddish day 
 
 t&gttdj £inb fmblid) alt ftlffidj fug 
 
 daily child childlike old elderly sweet 
 
 jufj'tidj gcmj g&nj'Hdj ttaljr wa$r'fldj 
 
 sweetish whole wholly true truly 
 
 fdjtter fdjtoer'tidj (Mb golb'eu ©etb'e 
 
 hard hardly gold golden silk 
 
 feib'cu 23tei Met'ern £clj $5fyern £>cmf 
 
 silken lead leaden wood wooden thanks 
 
 bcmf'&ar ^urdjt furdjffos 
 
 thankful fear fearless 
 
 C^-&&*/ 't&'&'&I^A**- /^iJ^&z-^z !^6^^i>-t&/,<. 
 
— 40 — 
 
 In the following paragraphs, the separation of letters and 
 syllables in words is made for the purpose of denoting the 
 affixes and prefixes. 
 
 37. %aU fafl'en fdfl'en @tfc jifc'eit fefc'en 
 
 fall to fall to fell seat so sit to set 
 
 <Steffe {M'en SBadj'e JDac^'en tted'en 
 
 place to place watch to watch to awaken 
 
 $otg'e folg'en off'en fljfnen d5ra$ graf'en 
 
 consequence to follow open to open grass to graze 
 
 Sttfer olfern $flug ppg'en £antm'er 
 
 age to grow old plow to plow hammer 
 
 l&mm'era 23fatt'er Matt'ern @tur& ftitrj'en 
 
 to hammer leaves to turn the leaves fall to fall 
 
 Sfteg'en reg'nen 
 
 rain to rain 
 
 38. tot^ rdt^'ett ftarf ftdrfett &iefj'en 
 
 red to redden strong to strengthen to draw 
 
 3ug tobt tobt'en ttttfj'e ndj'en tret'en SCritt 
 
 draft dead to kill near to come near to tread step 
 
 fyre^'en @pru$ <3prad)'e fafjv'en ga$rt 
 
 to speak speech language to drive drive 
 
 fenn'en tab'e fdjrei&'eit <Sd)rei&'er (Shrift 
 
 to know knowledge to write writer writing 
 
— 41 — 
 
 fprtng'en ©prung bremt'en 23rcmb geb'en 
 
 to leap leap to burn burning to give 
 
 @ab'e Mnb'en 23inb'e 23anb flie'gen glieg'c 
 
 gift to tie tie tie to fly fly 
 
 39. P'en £eb'et betfen £>e<fel ftpef en 
 
 to raise lever to cover cover to lock 
 
 @d)lof ©djlfijf el ffteg'eit gflftg'el beijj'ett 
 
 lock key to fly wing to bite 
 
 ©iffctt grab'en ©rctb'en fdjab'en (Sdjab'e 
 
 bit to dig ditch to injure injury 
 
 reit'en Sftett'er mat'en SKal'er Xan% tanj'en 
 
 to ride rider to paint painter dance to dance 
 
 £dnj'er kd'en SBcitf'ev jeig'en Betg'er 
 
 dancer to bake baker to point pointer 
 
 lefjr'en Sefjr'er Sealing 9eatfy ratten 
 
 to teach teacher apprentice advice to advise 
 
 3tat$'fet i»a^fen 3Bac$3't$um 
 
 riddle to grow growth 
 
— 42 — 
 
 40. 23erg ©eMrg' ftredYen ©efyrddj' 
 
 mountain mountain-range to speak conversation 
 
 ©prad)'e Ijor'en ©et)6r' fcraudj'en ©e Brand)' 
 
 language to hear hearing to use use 
 
 rted)'en ©erud)' jtng'en ©efang' fdjmetf'en 
 
 to smell smell to sing song to taste 
 
 ©efd)ma<f ©efa$r' ©etoait' Un'redjt' 
 
 taste danger force wrong 
 
 Un'banf ttn'jimt' Ur't^eiC Wttwt' Sfot'Ufc' 
 
 ingratitude nonsense judgment answer countenance 
 
 ©eftraud)' ©efrtftt' SJHf griff Ur'fonmg' 
 
 shrubbery mockery mistake origin 
 
 ' y J* 
 
 C / £&&& / *z£&*'& ^t^&&&-&-?-^&&* ^^^^-^^i^; 
 
 4i. fcred)'en fcrad) gleit'en glatt tmffett 
 
 to break fallow to slip smooth to know 
 
 gettnp' neljm'ett Be forgt' ur'alf erj'fauF 
 
 certain to take anxious very old very lazy 
 
 fd)on fdj&n'er retd) reid)'er |eip tyeip'er 
 
 fine finer rich richer hot hotter 
 
 trag'e trag'er frei frei'cr alt filt'er furj 
 
 lazy lazier free freer old older short 
 
 fitter fomfrf gut fejfer Jjod) |5^'er 
 
 shorter dark good better high higher 
 
— 43 — 
 
 in inn'er au$ oB'er oB'erfl tmt'e? nnt'erfl 
 
 in inner out upper uppermost lower lowest 
 
 dj'e ef'er erj'bumm' bnnffer toen'tg 
 
 ere sooner very stupid darker little 
 
 42. Wtitf Sfo'fauf %hW& STC'fW 
 
 view purchase leave copy 
 
 fln'fang' ftn'jug' $n'ftd)t' Sntyrff 3n'fanb' 
 
 beginning suit view contents inland 
 
 Sn'fdjrift' Stt'fttfl' SSor'fa^' SBor'fang' 
 
 inscription applause resolution curtain 
 
 Waty'TiM Um'fang' ttm'gang' Utn'fe^' 
 
 news circumference intercourse return 
 
 ttn'banr Un'glucf Un'fraut' TOW 
 
 ingratitude misfortune weed pity 
 
 M'gtieb' aScrbicnff $erbru£' SScrfauf 
 
 member merit anger sale 
 
 SBertuft' aSerfudj' SBor'rattj' Um'jtanb' 
 
 loss trial store circumstance 
 
 Un'fdjutb' SBerrattj' SSertrag' 
 
 innocence treachery treaty 
 
 2^-^tSS^-^. & '{/ ' C'^'^p-'&'t-fr*/ sZ^^^^^^ 
 
— 44 — 
 
 43. Sfof gang' 3u'funff Qufant' Sfos'ftag' 
 
 rise future condition trip 
 
 Ifog'tomT (Sin'bruct ©itt'fatt' (gfnW 
 
 expression impression invasion influence 
 
 @($iulau*' @d)rei&'|eft' ^onb'f^ein' 
 
 school-house copy-book moonshine 
 
 ©ttttm'Joinb' SBetn'glaa' SBac^lic^' 
 
 gale wine-glass wax-taper 
 
 tfal&'jletjty' ©djnee'fhtrm' <3^neeM' 
 
 veal snow-storm snow-ball 
 
 <£te'$mi3' SWarfT^aug' During' Sfkum' 
 
 ice-house market-house earring olive-tree 
 
 mmaug ©tfef&aff' 3foffafc' <Etn'fu$r' 
 
 city-hall play-ball composition import 
 
 £>urtf>'f<f)mtt' ©djleiffleta' <Spiet>fofc' 
 
 average grindstone play-ground 
 
 ^^&Z-'^&&-&^^& ^f^-^f-^AC^^-^ 1 ^ < *£^52^s^^'2>£> 
 
 44. cr(fle,e8) fa# t fa#tc miftyt mifdj'te 
 
 he (she, it) holds held mixes mixed 
 
 leBt tcB'te ftprft jty&rfte 
 
 lives lived sharpens sharpened 
 
 Prt $3r'te ftettt jiefl'tc fiittt 
 
 hears heard places placed fills 
 

 — 45 — 
 
 * (fte, e6) fittrte eilt eit'te fu^tt filiate 
 
 filled hastens hastened feels felt 
 
 ntetnt Itffdjt tauf^t toem'te 
 
 means extinguishes listens wept 
 
 jape faf^'te ftfdj'te imftyte 
 
 counted seized fished wiped 
 
 fcient lieb'te i&offte 
 
 serves loved hoped 
 
 ■ y "^s y^ 
 
 ■&*3-fr&-&&lZ'1V- -2^6&^'&'&1& ■^s^^^^^^Vss 
 
 /y /Z 
 
 45. bu fctQft netfj* fd)itfft ttacf) ft 
 
 (thou) you (sayest) say (teasest) tease send wake 
 
 ntadj fl lad) j* fudj jt 
 
 make laugh seek 
 
 ^^ /4^v^ -Z-^t&Z^te? ^Z>*it^%%? 
 
 id) ^etf'e toerfe forg'e er^'e fdrb'e fterB'e 
 
 I help throw care inherit dye die 
 
 fdjreib'e fjordj'e ftfr'e 
 
 write listen hear 
 
 s£^£ ■&*&&&*&>&. ^Cf&Z'gf'tfi •^^Jt^^^^s ^&H<"fr 
 
— 46 — 
 
 46. tinr fotj'en tt>afjFen jd^'en jtefett 
 
 we salt choose count aim 
 
 jatyfen Ufyx'tn tern'en feuf'jen 
 
 pay teach learn moan 
 
 ityr fpre^'et tii^m'et lomm'et tanj'ct fcenf'et 
 
 you Gpeak praise come dance think 
 
 ttrinfet banfet fjetr'fdjet fdjtmpfet 
 
 nod thank rule scold 
 
 -&-&&*■■&&&■/*■■&■ *&■€&■■&&'&>& 
 
 fte (<3ie) todrm'en fdjit^'en Iddj'etn orb'nen 
 
 they (you) warm protect smile arrange 
 
 Bett'etn wimfdj'en 
 
 beg desire 
 
47 — 
 
 SECTION THIRD. 
 
 Words of more than two Syllables. 
 
 the = btT, masculine, bit. feminine, bCt#. neuter. 
 
 47. The pupil may now familiarize himself with the gender 
 of the nouns in the exercises. For the rules, the grammar 
 must be consulted; the teacher, however, may point out such 
 rules as admit of no exceptions. 
 
 ge funb' tie ®e fimb'fjeit fcer 2)cmf bctnf en 
 
 healthy healtli thanks to thank 
 
 banf'kr bie 2)anf forfeit jart jart'tid) 
 
 thankful thankfulness tender tender 
 
 bie 3fort'lidj fcit bie grudjt fhtdjt'&ar bie 
 
 tenderness fruit fertile 
 
 ftrudjt'&ar fett mu'be bie SWftb'tgfett feudjt 
 
 fertility wear}- weariness humid 
 
 bie geudjt'tgfeit fet'ten bie @eftett$eit 
 
 humidity rare rarity 
 
 fdjfedjt bie <8d)ted)t'ig feit 
 
 bad badness 
 
— 48 — 
 
 48. toijT'en bie SBiff'en f^aft brang/ett 
 
 to know science to push 
 
 bag ©ebrdng'e ber S3rtef tof'en bag 
 
 crowd letter to roar 
 
 ©ettff'e reb'en bag ©ereb'e fcebitrf'en 
 
 noise to talk talking to need 
 
 ba$ 23eburfmfjs Jjmb'ertt bag £mtb'ertu£ 
 
 need to hinder impediment 
 
 jeitg'en ba$ Beug'nifj jier'cn bie 3ter'er ei 
 
 to witness testimony to decorate affectation 
 
 Jjeud^'ettt ber ^eudjler ber SDrutf brucfen 
 
 to dissemble hypocrite print to print 
 
 bic SDruiferet jag'en bie 3a$ ber 3ag'er 
 
 printing office to hunt hunting hunter 
 
 reit'en ber Sleit'er bie Steit'erei bie 
 
 to ride rider cavalry 
 
 SBrtef fc^aft en bag @eba<i>t'nip 
 
 letters memory 
 
 49. bie (Srofc'erung bie ©rjielj'ung bie 
 
 conquest education 
 
 Ufcerfe^'ung fcetteg'en bie $ett>eg'img 
 
 translation to move motion 
 
 ber @ang ber ttm'gang bag $erlaita/en 
 
 walk intercourse demand 
 
— 49 — 
 
 freJj'en gejlc^'cn bag Stn'bcnf'cn bae ©raft 
 
 to stand to confess remembrance grave 
 
 graven Be graven ba§ S3e grafc'ntf bag 
 
 to dig to bury burial 
 
 SBer fcred)'eit ber $er Breeder ber gang 
 
 crime criminal capture 
 
 fang/en bag ©efang'mfj bie (Srimt'erimg 
 
 to catch prison remembrance 
 
 j y -s- y <yy ' yy 
 
 A<-0Z 
 
 **&■*<■ l^-0&**jp ^y^-6 t^--** 
 
 50. Weifc'en bie 23e tefyr'img bie ©imtm'ljett 
 
 to remain instruction stupidity 
 
 bie (Srftnb'ung bie ©t'telfett f>5f'ltdj bie 
 
 invention vanity courteous 
 
 £>6f'udj feit bte Semerfimg bie 23e beut'ung 
 
 courtesy remark meaning 
 
 bie fitter feit bie ©ufi'igfeit treu bie 
 
 bitterness sweetness faithful 
 
 £reu'e treu'tos' bie Streu'tofig frit f^iet'en 
 
 faithfulness faithless faithlessness to play 
 
 ber ©eftriefe t>a$ ©e^eim'nip gefaE'eit 
 
 play fellow secret to please 
 
 ber ©efafl'en bie ©e meln'fdjaft gefdjety'en 
 
 favor community to happen 
 
— so — 
 
 Me ©e fffiidj'te Me ginft'er nip Me <3^tt>eft'er 
 
 history darkness sister 
 
 Me ©e fcfyftrift'er Me ©e fcmg'en fdjaft Me 
 
 brothers and sisters captivity 
 
 ©efeff'fdjaft Me ^lem'igWt Me ttrlunb'e 
 
 company trifle document 
 
 j- // J* •/. /zyyA/ /■ 
 
 61. ber $rieg ber $rie'ger Meg'ertfd) 
 
 war warrior warlike 
 
 ge Brauc^'ttt^ jtdj'er ftdj'erltdj' gefdljr'Udj 
 
 usual sure surely dangerous 
 
 afcfdjeuttdj a&fidjflidj M'berlidj off'enkr 
 
 horrible intentional fraternal evident 
 
 cms MM'ttd) ar'Beitfam ftwfferig afc'ermate 
 
 express diligent watery again 
 
 meift'er Ijaft m'U fdjreiB'tidj fdjmetd^'et faft 
 
 masterly indescribable flattering 
 
 U tteg'iid) myfal mty'W% reb'fet'ig 
 
 movable distress painful talkative 
 
 un'fce totifytCbax feinb'fct'ig 
 
 uninhabitable inimical 
 

 — 51 
 
 52. afc'er gtaufc'tfdj ntif?'gnnft'ig getoalffant 
 
 superstitious grudging violent 
 
 i)er ddjt'Ucfj Begreif(id) geldufig i)ie('fdU'tg 
 
 contemptible comprehensible current manifold 
 
 erfren'Udj nn'enb'ttdj un'gliiifUdj befxm-'lid) 
 
 agreeable infinite unhappy persistent 
 
 auf'merf'fam gentein'fam ge banf en sou" 
 
 attentive common thoughtful 
 
 fremb'art'ig arg'toltyn'tfd) nn'bulb'fant 
 
 strange suspicious intolerant 
 
 1&4&1L&Z-/S ■*■/<*■ ^tTK-1 
 
 &iZ4^/s&/^'?~t?Z--&&t- -X2&/Z 
 
 53. tctdj'en Bektdj'en ttein'en fcettetn'en 
 
 to laugh to laugh at to weep to weep for 
 
 ruB'ig fce rulj'ig en fcefpredj'en Begefy'en 
 
 calm to calm to discuss to commit 
 
 fcereb'en freft£'en ktoljn'en $er fdjftnnb'en 
 
 to persuade to possess to reward to disappear 
 
 U frei'en bic ©djntb fdjnlb'tg U fcfjntb'ig en 
 
 to set free guilt guilty to accuse 
 
 ent fdjulb'ig en fag'en entfag'en ertan&'en 
 
 to excuse to say to renounce to permit 
 
 s?er ni^t'en ent f att'en ent gef'en ba$ $>aupt 
 
 to annihilate to contain to escape head 
 
— 52 — 
 
 Wfyaupt'tti erfcmg'ett empfefyfen erf^ein'en 
 
 to assert to attain to recommend to appear 
 
 empfcmg'ett fcerliet'en ucrHet'en kgeift'ern 
 
 to receive to lose to forbid to inspire 
 
 y y -y /■ <? 
 
 y yy 
 
 *&'£&■■/?'&*■ 
 
 54. jerfcuTen jerfpring'en jerfoedj'en 
 
 to fall to pieces to burst to break to pieces 
 
 jcrreip'en jerftfr'en mtjjsfatTett mtprau^'en 
 
 to tear to pieces to destroy to displease to abuse 
 
 jjotthing'en ttnber fafjr'en tt>iber fte^'en 
 
 to accomplish to happen to resist 
 
 Winter gdj'en burdj brmg'en burdj fcoljr'ett 
 
 to deceive to penetrate to pierce 
 
 umgefc'en umgdj'en itkrfteigen ufcerfelj'en 
 
 to surround to avoid to surpass to overlook 
 
 iiber trei&'en itBer iirinb'ett ufcerfdjiuemm'en 
 
 to exaggerate to overcome to overflow 
 
 itkr nefjm'en ufcerreb'en iifcer rafcfj'en 
 
 to undertake to persuade to surprise 
 
 y -a ^yy - y 
 
 y / /y /y 
 
 y yy y y 
 

 — 53 
 
 55. unter p£'en unter fucfy'en unter fjatt'en 
 
 - to support to examine to entertain 
 
 unter brud' en unter hxtfy'tn unter tjcmb'etn 
 
 to suppress to interrupt to negotiate 
 
 unter toetf 'en unter fdjetb'cn unter toerf en 
 
 to instruct to distinguish to subdue 
 
 aivteg'en an'teg'en gemtg' genitg'en rein 
 
 to put off to put on enough to suffice pure 
 
 retn'tgen enb'igen fceretdj'ern entfern'en 
 
 to purify to end to enrich to withdraw 
 
 bte SCaff'en entnxtff'nen matt ermatt'en 
 
 weapons to disarm weary to tire 
 
 ergctnj'en ernteb'rigen ertofen erfWen 
 
 to complete to humble to release to explain 
 
 unter fdjreifr'en U nadj'ridjt ig en 
 
 to subscribe to inform 
 
 56. anb'er seranb'ern s>erein'en i>ereit'etn 
 
 other to change to unite to frustrate 
 
 »er tang'ern auf ntunt'ern geg'en fee gegn'en 
 
 to lengthen to cheer up against to meet 
 
— 54 — 
 
 ttein i>er nein'en jo k jofy'en um'fomm'cn 
 
 no to deny yes to affirm to perish 
 
 ouf^r'en fiubtr'en re gier'en an'fong'ett 
 
 to cease to study to reign to begin 
 
 fcelefc'ett ent&ejjr'en $>erfdjreif>'en geltng'en 
 
 to animate to miss to prescribe to succeed 
 
 on'^dr'en fee nmnb'ertt um'&rtng'ett fcejatyfen 
 
 to listen to admire to kill to pay 
 
 cnt fyredj'en ux fc^Iitd'en 
 
 to correspond to swallow 
 
 ■ty-7V-'€#'-7Z-&£- ■^■/^t^^^t^"/ie-if^- '&*&&*2'-&0--&?--i& i: &-1i c -00 
 
 'C&>-0t-'&l'-&-&0- ■*&■ 
 
 57. bcr SBtb'er fyrucfy' ber Slufwort'er 
 
 contradiction - waiter 
 
 Me ©onbMft'e bod <3d)tof jimm'er bod 
 
 sandy desert bedroom 
 
 SJMft'er fiittf' ber SJcenityett $>erftonb' ber 
 
 masterpiece common sense 
 
 9t6'er gfau&'c bie ®nt fdjloffen fjett ber 
 
 superstition resolution 
 
 ©e Intrtd'too. ber ©onn'en auf gong bod 
 
 birthday sunrise 
 
 3of)r'fjuttb'ert bod SSergtfj'raein ntdjt bod 
 
 century forget-me-not 
 
— 55 — 
 
 £afdj'en ntcff er bet Sftauf&eer kum' ba$ 
 
 pocket-knife mulberry-tree 
 
 ftotWdjen fete ttr'gwfj mutter 
 
 redbreast great-grandmother 
 
 i^^-^-i^-^ycy^^^-^^^/^^^^^ 
 
 58. &teffarfc'ig bunfetarun' fart'fjerj'tg 
 
 many-colored dark-green hardhearted 
 
 tyimm'et Matt' ^d'ne Sifter'ne (Sitro'ne 
 
 azure hyena cistern lemon 
 
 Capital' (^ocota'be Nation'* Auction' 
 
 capital chocolate nation auction 
 
 patient' Maf'gritn' $i)rami'be ©ppreffe 
 
 patient pale-green pyramid cypress 
 
 tieb'eng iinirb'tg S^a rafter 5tc'tte 
 
 amiable character share 
 
 
 "<?Sj^&& 
 
 Pronounce ti before another vowel like f si. 
 
— 58 — 
 
 SECTION FOURTH. 
 
 Simple Sentences. 
 
 59. 
 
 Sutgect. 
 
 Gender. 
 
 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 Feminine. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 Definite Article: 
 
 bet i&te./it 
 the 
 
 bte 2^/s* 
 
 the 
 
 the 
 
 Indefinite Article: 
 
 cin ^^^ 
 
 a (an) 
 
 etuc *^*^?Se 
 a (an) 
 
 ein -/s^&* 
 
 a (an) 
 
 
 unb *****/ 
 
 and 
 
 
 ©er 23ater, He Gutter unb bag Stxnb. ®er §mtb, 
 
 father mother child dog 
 
 bie $a|e unb bag 5>ferb* ®er ©arten, bte ©tabt unb 
 
 cat horse garden city 
 
 bag $>aug* 2>er Ztfty, bie gfeber unb bag 9Kef(er* 
 
 house table pen knife 
 
 ®er 33rubet unb bie ©cfytoefter* 35er SSogel unb bie 
 
 brother sister bird 
 
 Stume, £>ag ®orf unb bag ©djtojl 3Me gran 
 
 flower village castle woman 
 
 unb bie £o$ter* ©in ©otyn unb eine SToc^ter. Sin 
 
 daughter son 
 
 ©arten, eine ©tabt unb ein |>aug. (Eine Zofyttx 
 
 unb eine ©deeper* ©in Xtffy unb ein £aug. 
 
 *<■. 
 
— 51 — 
 
 60- ®er Slifdj, ber ©tufyt, ber Spiegel, ber £)fen 
 
 chair mirror stove 
 
 unb ber ©(tyrant Sine ST^iire, ein gfenfter, ein £)fen, 
 
 cupboard door window 
 
 eitte SBanb, eine 2)ecfe, eine ©(tymette unb ein 33obeiu 
 
 wall ceiling threshold floor 
 
 £>aS 23rcb, bag gleifcty, bag ©emufe, bie ©uppe, bag 
 
 bread meat vegetables soup 
 
 £)&)?, bie flartoffel, ber ^ud^en, bev flafe, baS SBaffer, 
 
 fruit potato cake cheese water 
 
 ber SSein, ba$ SMer, bie 2KiI(ty, ber £tyee unb ber 
 
 wine beer - milk tea 
 
 $affee, (Sine ©ctyitffel, ein STetter, eine Staffe, etne 
 
 coffee dish plate cup 
 
 ^lafctye, ein Soffcl, eine ©afcel unb ein SKeffer* £)a$ 
 
 bottle spoon fork 
 
 Simmer, bie Stutyt, ber better, bie Stte^^e, bie SJiauer, 
 
 room kitchen cellar staircase wall 
 
 bag $a<ty unb ber Jtamitu ©in $tnb, ein ^naBe, 
 
 roof chimney boy 
 
 ein Sungling, ein SKann, ein ©reig, ein 2Kab<tyen, unb 
 
 youth man old man girl 
 
 etne %xa\x. 2)er 33ater, bie SWutter, ber ©otyn, bie 
 Stouter, ber 23ruber, bie ©(tymefter, t>er ©roftoater, 
 
 grandfather 
 
 ber iDnlel, bie £ante, ber better unb bie 23afe. 
 
 uncle aunt cousin (m.) cousin (f.) 
 
— 58 — 
 
 61. ®er tfopf, ber §aU, ber SHudEcn, bie 23ruft, bie 
 
 head neck back chest 
 
 ©eite, ber SRagen, ber Slrm, bie <f)anb, ba3 23ein unb 
 
 side stomach arm hand leg 
 
 ber gfujj, ©in 9tod, eine SBefle, eitt #ut, eine 3ttu|e, 
 
 foot coat vest hat cap 
 
 ein ©ttefel, eitt ©d^ufy, eitt $>emb, eitt jtletb, eine 
 
 boot shoe shirt dress 
 
 @<pr$e, eine <£)au6e, ein ©trutnpf, ein «£>anbfdjuJ) 
 
 apron bonnet stocking glove 
 
 unb ein 3Jtanttl. ®a8 ©dju^auS, bie ^trdfo bag 
 
 cloak school-house church 
 
 «Bo$n$au8, bag 2Birt$8$au8, bag 3tat$$au8, bie 
 
 dwelling tavern city-hall 
 
 SKu^le, bie ©djeune unb ber #of. ®er £el)rer, ber 
 
 mill barn yard teacher 
 
 Slrjt, ber jtaufntantt, ber 23cmer, ber §anbmerfer unb 
 
 physician merchant farmer mechanic 
 
 ber gutyrmamu Sin ©djneiber, ein @$ulj madder, ein 
 
 driver tailor shoemaker 
 
 23acfer, ein SWauter, ein ©djreiner, ein Qtmmermattn, 
 
 baker mason joiner carpenter 
 
 ein ©djmteb, ein @<$loffer, ein ©lafer, ein ©reenter, 
 
 smith locksmith glazier turner 
 
 ein Pilfer, ein ©ctttler, ein SBeBer unb ein SKuller. 
 
 cooper saddler -weaver miller 
 
— 59 — 
 
 62. £>ie ©age, ber ^oM, bag Seil, bet jammer, 
 
 saw, plane hatchet hammer 
 
 ber 9Ket£eI, bie 3 an 8 e / kte S e ^ e / bie Stfabet xtnb bie 
 
 chisel tongs file needle 
 
 (Sdfjeere* 3>ag Slucty, bag Seber, bag §clj, ber 
 
 scissors cloth leather wood 
 
 Stein, bag Sifett, bag ©olb, bag ©ilBcr, bie Seintoanb, 
 
 stone iron gold silver linen 
 
 bie @eibe unb bag papier, ©in $>unb, eine $a£e, 
 
 silk paper 
 
 eine $u$, ein £)d)fe, ein $ferb, eine ,3iege unb ein 
 
 cow ox goat 
 
 ©djaf; ®ie ©ang, bie £aube nnb ber spfau* ®er 
 
 sheep goose pigeon peacock 
 
 Styfel, eine 23irne, bie ^fiaume, eine ^irfcfye, bie 
 
 apple - pear plum cherry 
 
 5tyrifofe unb eine SRuf* ©ie Straufce, bie fnmfceere, 
 
 apricot nut grape raspberry 
 
 eine 3fo$G nn te& e * re / bie ©tadfyelBeere, eine 23ront6eere 
 
 currant gooseberry blackberry 
 
 unb eine $afehmjjL Set ©alat, ber Roty, eine 
 
 hazel-nut salad cabbage 
 
 23ol)ne, eine Qroxibtl, bie ©urfe, bie ©rfcfe unb ber 
 
 bean onion cucumber pea 
 
 ©pargel. Sine SHofe, bie £ulpe unb eine SRelfe* 
 
 asparagus rose tulip pink 
 
 j£Z^£e&.-&&-p&&-& , -&&&&'&■ (sCc*-?**^^?* , &&m 
 
 n^'&'&'&fr a*^*s mitz^m 
 
63> Masculine. 
 
 mem 
 
 my 
 
 betn 
 
 thy, your 
 
 {Sing.) 
 
 imfer -&?**^&7i* 
 
 our y 
 
 ener •fr&t-frib* 
 
 your 
 
 (Plur.) 
 
 — 60 — 
 Feminine. 
 
 meine &&&&&*&■& 
 
 my 
 
 betne 
 
 thy, your 
 
 (Sing.) 
 
 ■&&& 
 
 our 
 
 euere i&**-&*c&. 
 
 your 
 
 (Plur. 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 mem &**&*** 
 
 my 
 
 betn 
 
 thy, your 
 
 [Sing.) 
 
 imfer -&Z&^&*< 
 
 our 
 
 fein 
 
 his, its 
 
 tfyr ^^ 
 
 her^ 
 
 tf)t* ^^ 
 
 their ^^ 
 your .< 
 
 {Sing&Pl.)"' 
 
 feine 
 
 his, its 
 
 ■■&■■&■ ^^rtf. 
 
 ifyre ^^<^ 
 
 their ^^ 
 your x^ 
 
 euer ■&**-&# 
 
 your 
 
 fetn ^tf.*** 
 
 his, its i/' 
 
 tl)r ^^ 
 
 her^ 
 
 tfyr ^^ 
 
 their^^ 
 
 
 your 
 
 2Kem SSatet unb meine Gutter* 3D?ein £)nfet unb 
 meine £ante, mein ©Ia3 unb meine gflafctye, S)ein 
 33ruber unb betne ©deeper* 2Kein 33ud) unb meine 
 geber* ®ein ©atten nub bein £>au8* 2)ein $unb 
 unb bein $ferb* Unfere ©tabt unb unfer $au§. 
 Suer $unb unb euere $a|e* @ein 23ud) unb feine 
 geber* %$xt ©d^ejter unb i^re Stante. ©ein 
 
— 61 — 
 
 gfreunb unb feme greunbin. Unfere SKutter unb ^xt 
 
 friend (m.) friend (/.) 
 
 Zank. 3$r £ut unb unfer fRocE. Unfer 23ctum 
 unb bein ©arten* ©ein 23ilb unb mein 23udj* (£uer 
 
 picture 
 
 3>ftug unb meine <£>acfe* £>etne Xante unb if)r Setter* 
 
 plow hoe 
 
 2TCein @<fylof unb euer £au$* 9Keine ©afcel unb 
 bein fiojfel. ©uer ©oJjn unb eure Stouter. Unfer 
 §unb, unfere $a|e unb unfer $ferb* 
 
 **>* 
 
 l7--P^^^7 ■&****/ -&&&&-&Z&4* <7*&-**-l£/*. 
 
 
 s 77 
 
 1/7 <Z7S j? - s 7 &y s 
 
 <7 s 7 s 
 
 &£■&***■ **Zl*£*7 *&&z,*7 <**&&*&& ^^2^-^T. 
 
 64. Predicate. Number and Person. 
 
 id) lerne s^w^^j^^ bu lernft ^^-7^^^^^ 
 
 I learn ^ thou learnest (you learn) / 
 
 er Icrnt -&^ 't>&&^<7 fie lernt -^^ <*>&i****<z 
 
 he learns she learns / 
 
 e$ (ernt **«6 <7******<£ man Icrnt ****&** <7&*<**<& 
 
 it learns one learns 
 
— 62 — 
 we learn you learn >j^ 
 
 fie lernen 
 
 they learn 
 
 35er ^nctfie lernt ®te $naBen lernen. £)et Secret 
 le^tt 3)er 33auer £pgt ®er ©djneiber ndfyh 
 
 teaches plows tailor sews. 
 
 ®et 23acEer *<uft. 2>et Bogel ftngt. £>ie SSoget 
 
 baker bakes sings 
 
 ftngen. ®ie ©onne fdjeint ®ie 33dume Mutyeiu 
 
 sun shines bloom 
 
 S)er Stater fauft 35er ,3timnermann arfceitet ®u 
 
 buys works 
 
 tattjejh @ie glaubt <£$ regnei £)er ©olbat 
 
 dancest believes it rains soldier 
 
 rettet. £>er ©tein fifttt, 2>et £$ee fotfjt. £>er 
 
 rides stone falls boils 
 
 «j>fe»oum *ti$L ffiie SDHtyle tnaflft. ®a§ SBaffer 
 
 apple-tree grinds water 
 
 erfrifdjt ®er fmnb Mt ®er 23aum toadjjt 
 
 refreshes barks grows 
 
 2MIjeIm forfeit. ®er SSoget fliegt. £>er tfnafce 
 
 William plays flies 
 
 Kimmt. @ie ftrfelen. <£§ Mifct @ie flopft. ®er 
 
 climbs play it lightens knocks 
 
 $aufmatm aerfauft ®a$ geuer fcrennt ®er SSater 
 
 sells fire burns 
 
 fommt 
 
 comes 
 
— 63 
 
 y y ~/y y? y *y 
 
 yy^y^^<. <&d&z-fr^ y, <y-*& -^y^^yy. 
 
 65. Subject, Predicate, Copula. 
 
 ift ^^ finb y****/ \M)t****^z 
 
 is S are / not /? 
 
 ®a8 33ud) ift neiu ®er ©arten ift grojl ®ie ©tabt 
 
 - new large 
 
 ift ffeim ®a£ #au3 ift fdjim* ®er fmnb ift fteiu 
 
 small fine faithful 
 
 !Da8 9>ferb iji nfi$H<$. <£art if* fleijjifl. ®te Slume 
 
 useful diligent flower 
 
 ift ftycn, ber £)nfe( ift franf* ®ie £ante ift mitbe. 
 
 sick tired 
 
 2)a3 $apter ift gut. Unfer 23ater ift ni<$t alt. 3ft 
 
 good • old 
 
 bie ©tabt grofi? 3ft bein 23u<$ neu? $ft ber 
 9JJann nic^t fletfng ? 2)er SSater ift ein 23acfei\ ®er 
 5ftad)6ar ift ein #attbroerfer* ®er Setter ijl ein 
 
 neighbor 
 
 3tmerifaner* Sari i(l ein 2Mer* £>er JtnaBc ift 
 
 American painter 
 
 eine SBaife. 2)er 2JJann ift ein SKatrofe. £>ie fierce 
 
 orphan sailor lark 
 
64 — 
 
 ift ettt SSogel, bie gorelle ifl ein %tffy+ ®te 23ime 
 
 trout fish 
 
 ifl eine $rudjt ©et £)nlet ifl ein fictnbmcuuu @ie 
 
 fruit 
 
 ifl meine ©djtoefter* ©ie ifl feine £cmte* (£r ifl bein 
 Setter* Sr ifl imfer 3fca<$Bat* @te ifl euere 9W<$te, 
 
 
 -&&&4!m*& 
 
 &■ *, 
 
 *<-. 
 
 /^lj&1!* *^Z^&4t-£4>& *4l£ ■ 
 
 ■&&&*■ 
 
 
 id) bin -^f -fr*** bu bift 
 
 I am s^ thou art (you are) 
 
 ^ 
 
 cr ift ■&&<- ^ 
 
 he is 
 
 ttrir finb *^*^* 
 
 we are 
 
 fie finb <^i <U***/ (^ie finb) / ^*^ j^***// 
 
 they are y' /^ (you are) / /^ _^X 
 
 btefcr 
 
 this 
 
 ■&-/&'2>-&-7i<- 
 
 that >^ 
 
 biefe 
 
 this 
 
 jene &&**<& 
 
 biefcS 
 
 this 
 
 that^^ 
 
— 65 — 
 
 3$ bin juftiebetu ®u Bift nicfyt jufrieben* Sari ift 
 
 satisfied 
 
 munter* £einrid) tft mein greunb* 3ft w gIMlid) ? 
 
 gay Henry nappy 
 
 3ft Smilie ni<$t jufrieben? 3ft bfefer §err ein Slrjt? 
 
 gentleman 
 
 3ftMefe8 @<$tofl nic^t f<pn? 3ft biefe geber nic^t 
 gut? Sift bu mein gfreunb? 3ft biefer «£>imb treu ? 
 3ft biefer 23ud) nfc^t ftyott ? 3ft euer ©ttfel reid) ? 
 3ft biefe gran Iranf? ©inb iint arm? ©eib % 
 flet^tg ? Unfer SSaum Blul;t 3ener Sanbmann 
 pflugt 3ft eure 9Ragb fleijng? 3fl eure ©rofimutter 
 gefunb? 3^er 9JJuffet ift mein greunb* 3ft 3$** 
 ^adjtJar ein tfaufmamt? ®u fcifl nidjt mein gfreunb* 
 3>er ^aufmann fcerfauft Stud). @ie nafjt @ie 
 
 cloth. sews 
 
 tteinen* SBit jwoeifeltu @ie tan$en> 3$ jogere* 
 
 weep doubt hesitate 
 
 3o^ann fyielt 
 
 * Your is rendered by 3»f)r instead of beilt and euer, in polite forms 
 of address. 
 
— 66 — 
 
 ■&&• ■&&&■'&■■&■ ■&#■ 
 
 
 67. 
 
 id) fyabe 
 
 I have 
 
 er fjat ^^ -/ZzxZ 
 
 he has ^r 
 
 it has s? 
 
 Otjeet. 
 
 bu Ijaft 
 
 thou hast (you have) 
 
 fie fyat 
 
 she has 
 
 man fyat 
 
 one has 
 
 
 tuir fyciben ■&X2-&A* ■p-&z-&-/t-&t- 
 
 we have s? 
 
 ifyr fyabt 
 
 you have 
 
 fie fjaben ^&j^t&&&&*> (<3te fyaben) 
 
 they have / /? (you have) 
 
 / {^&&^€&'&fr'&Z- / 
 
 Obs.: The objective (accusative) case in the feminine and 
 neuter is like the nominative; but the masculine has a 
 particular form for the objective, thus: 
 
 Nominative. 
 
 ber, the 
 biefer, this 
 jener, that 
 ein, a (an) 
 mein, my 
 bein, thy, your 
 unfer, our 
 euer, you 
 fein, his, its 
 ifyr, her 
 ifjr, their 
 Qty, your 
 
 Objective (Accusative. J 
 
 ben, the 
 biefe«, this 
 jenen, that 
 ein e it, a (an) 
 mein en, my 
 bein en, thy, your 
 mtfereti, our 
 euerc , your 
 feinctt, his, its 
 tfyrctt, her 
 iljren, their 
 3fy:e*?, your 
 
— 67 — 
 
 £)er Sanbmann fact SBetjen. ®u IteBjl Me 9Kittter* 
 
 sows wheat lovest, love 
 
 2Bir fdjicfen bct$ 3Rab<$en* 3$r lott bie ©d)meftei\ 
 
 send praise 
 
 ©ie fcrandjen ein &ify. 3#r fcraudjt etn 23ndj* 6r 
 
 need light 
 
 Bauct ba§ #au3* St trinft SBajfer* S)er ©djreiner 
 
 builds drinks joiner 
 
 tnad)t einen STifc^ unb einen @tu$L ©ie fcauen ein 
 
 makes 
 
 «£)an8* (£att lofct S^cmn. 2Bir lieBen SftolJert 
 ®ie Sautter le^rt bie SLoc^ter. SKarie IteBt ifjre 
 
 teaches 
 
 2Kutter. ©eine Zantt Jctuft einen Sttffy S^r £)nfet 
 ^a^tt ©etb. 2)iefer ©filler lernt feine Section* (£r 
 
 counts money scholar lesson 
 
 reinigt nnfer dimmer* SBir loBen beinen 23rnber* 
 
 cleans 
 
 2JJeine ©djwefter fctuft ein SSucty* ®er better $at 
 eine SHjitre* ©ie tcbten ba3 ^a!6. SSir lennen 
 
 kill calf know 
 
 iljren SSater. 3^ 23ilb fdjmMt bag dimmer, gr 
 
 picture adorns 
 
 $at ein SDieffet. ©ie $at ein Stltib. ©ie I)akn ein 
 $)an§ unb einen ©arten, 3ftr §abt ein £au3. 
 
— 68 — 
 68. Interrogative, Negative, Imperative. 
 
 fern -*^^^ feme -^w^^^c fern 
 
 no, not a, no, not a, no, not a, 
 
 not any not any not any 
 
 In the objective case: 
 
 feuiett <&&■***&■** feme -&*?***& fetn <&*f*^ 
 
 no, not a, no, not a, no, not a, 
 
 not any not any not any 
 
 Obs. : The negative form / do not praise is rendered in German 
 by id) lobe nid)t (I praise not). 
 
 The interrogative form do I praise ? is rendered by 
 lobe id)? (praise I?) 
 
 Sener 9)iann ift fein 3immermann, SBir IjaBen feinen 
 
 not a no 
 
 Oartett. Sfl %$x 5Kad)6ar nic^t ein rtaufmatm? %<$ 
 felje feinen SSogeL ®tefe$ 2Kabd)en faaudjt feme 
 9tabeL SBir fyoren leinen Conner. 5$ ^aBe feinen 
 
 hear thunder 
 
 Soffel* §at jener $nafce feine ©^iefertafel ? 3ft 
 
 slate 
 
 er ein 23ote? @ie Ijakn feinen ©tutyL (£$ tft nidjt 
 
 messenger 
 
 Sfot Sudj. §aten @ie fetn SWeffer ? ®tefeS $fetb 
 Ijat Jetnen #afer. £>et £6t»e fur^tet fettt £ljtet. 
 
 oats Hon fears animal 
 
 ©piele! ©cfyretk einen 23rief ! 33raud)en ©te fein 
 
 play write a letter 
 
 &<$)*? 2Meetn23tlb! @tnge btefeS £ieb! pile 
 
 paint song fell 
 
— 69 — 
 
 jenen 23cmm! SJJfiuge biefeS gelb! 3tufe ben Strjt! 
 
 field call 
 
 3eidjne eine £cmbfd)aft! SSerlange f eine 23eb^nung ! 
 
 draw landscape ask reward 
 
 ©d)&|e beine $eit! Unfer SJater fyat leincn ©arten. 
 
 value time 
 
 3$re ©(^mefter fyat feine ^reunbin. «£>a6en @ie einen 
 
 //// y • <^ y c? y 
 
 ^Ht^^fr** . ^&-t!&<Z ■?. 
 
 &** -V^**-**^ £/ £/ C^-frjZ^fr** . ^y2-*&4Z ^1Z^1Z*<- 
 
 Oc<>'&*--€ZZ-&-** ■4Z*f*~&*-&- <^&^Z^^&#c^tZ£^&-^ . 
 
 
 
 dyS? <^^C-. 
 
 iz4z*~&&&- ^^&>*<Z.' 
 
- — 10 — 
 
 69. Adjectives. 
 
 Obs. : Adjectives, when preceded by ber, tie, bct$; biefer, biefe, 
 biefeS; jener, jene, jeneS, add e in the Nominative. The 
 masculine objective case adds en; as before stated C67) 
 the feminine and neuter objective cases are like the 
 nominative. 
 
 3)er reic^e £)nfeL ®ct$ fd)one |)au$. ®ie arme 
 $iau. ®er Heine 23ruber* ®er trene <£mnb. 2)ie 
 falfd&e Stafa ®a3 nii|iid)e 23ndj. Setter alte 
 
 false useful 
 
 @<§lojjL ®er grofe ©arteru ®er gute 23ruber. 
 £>ie fleiflige 2Wagb. Set gefd)tcfte 8rjt ®er Heine 
 
 servant-girl skillful 
 
 SLiffy ®er f^one SJogel. 2)iefer arme Sftann, 
 ®iefe fdjone ©tabt. ®er trene |mnb iff nufctidj* 
 ©iefer arme 2Kamt ijt Hinb. 2)iefe8 ^inb ift feljr 
 
 blind very 
 
 fleifjig. ®iefe3 fdjmarje ^ferb ifl fcfyon alt 3(t biefer 
 
 already 
 
 gef<$ttfte Slrjt beta greunb? 2Keine Gutter lauft 
 biefe golbene U^r. Earl lernt biefe gtofle Slnfgak. 
 
 watch 
 
 §einridj !pftegt ben Ircmlen 23ruber, ©er flarfe £anb* 
 
 nurses strong 
 
 mamt ppgt ben frncfytfcaren 5Wer* £)iefer treue 
 
 fertile field 
 
 £nnb unb jene falftye tfafte. ®iefe3 alte $au%. 
 SMefer reid^e SKann ift ein Slrjt 
 
71 
 
 XX 
 X 
 X X 
 
 / X XX 
 
 &&z-^:z-*<£'/<z- 
 
 
 70. 
 
 Obs.: 1. Adjectives preceded by em, mem, betn, fern, unfer, euer 
 Ofyr), il)r and fetn, add, in the Nominative, et in the 
 masculine, e in the feminine, e$ in the neuter. In the 
 objective case, er of the masculine is changed into en, 
 2. The same terminations are added, when the Adjective 
 is not preceded by any determinative word. 
 
 ©in gttter 3Rann. ©tie gute great, (gin gutcS $inb. 
 3ft bein gfreunb ntd^t eitt gefdjidtet Strjt? 3$ faufe 
 gutett, alien, rotten SBein. 3$ ^rinfe fujje 3Rtt<$. 
 
 red sweet milk 
 
— VI — 
 
 S$ ^aBe einen neuen 9tocf. gfranfret<6 ifl em gropes 
 
 France 
 
 Satib. SBilljelm ifl ein aufmerffamer ©filler. 3Jfarie 
 
 country attentive 
 
 tji ein get)orfame§ $tnb. £onbon ift eine auSgebeljnte 
 
 obedient vast 
 
 ©tabt. Sfl 3$t tester $u£ ttnmb? 3ftein liefcer 
 
 right sore 
 
 £)nfel ktool)'nt biefeS gefdjmacffcoHe |>au3. ®er 
 
 inhabits elegant 
 
 beutfd^e ^aifer Ijat eine fcortrefflid^e Slrmee. 3Kein 
 
 German emperor excellent army 
 
 23ruber lieft fein bexitfc^e^ 23ud). ®te $a|e ijl ein 
 
 reads German 
 
 nfi|H<$e$ £$fct. 2>a§ ®ifen ijl ein nfi$t$e8 SOtetaU. 
 
 iron - metal 
 
 Gilbert Befc§mu|t fein neue§, JoftfyieligeS 23udj> @e#t 
 
 soils expensive Do you see 
 
 il)r jenen Mctuen, fd)Snen 33erg? ©tefer ©cfjtiftfteffer 
 
 blue author 
 
 fc^reifct ein neueS 23ud)* Unfer alte.3 $ferb fft Winb* 
 SSifl: bu miibe, tnein liefceS $inb? Sure neue SJfagb 
 xft fefjr fleijng* 
 
 y // y 
 
 y y yyy- j -^yyyy-y 
 
 yy y 
 
 72- ■&-Z&Z-/&&& TZ&7A&&1&&Z- 6S £"-&& 
 
73 — 
 
 
 ~y J/ ^Y" 
 
 -&■&'/&■ -tZZ&ti 
 
 ■&H*. 
 
 
 71 
 
 Comparative and Superlative. 
 
 Obs. : 1. The endings forming the Comparative and Superlative 
 are the same as in English monosyllabic adjectives, 
 namely er and eft. 
 2. Most adjectives of one syllable whose vowel is a, o, 
 or u modify those vowels into a, %>, i\. The objective 
 case is changed as before shown. 
 
 than 
 
 %$ Bin Hettter ate biu ®u Bift grower ate idj. 
 9ftem SSater ifl alter ate metne STOutter* SBir ftnb 
 jufriebener ate it;t. 23ifr bu flatter ate bein 23ruber? 
 
 more contented 
 
 3jt biefev gtfup groper utib Brciter ate jener? 3fp 
 
an 
 
 — 74 — 
 
 Me Srbe fleiner aU bie ©onne? 2)er reidjfte Sftann 
 
 earth 
 
 ijl ntdjt tmmer bet toeifejle. 2)er gerabe 2Beg ift bet 
 
 always wisest straight way 
 
 furjeffc, ®tefe Slufgabe ijl fd)toerer aU {ene* SKeine 
 
 lesson more difficult 
 
 Stattte ift arm, fetn £)nfel ijl armer. ®u Bift fcfytoad), 
 
 weak 
 
 vfy Bin fd)madjer, @8 ijl tyeute falter al$ gejlern. 
 
 to-day colder yesterday 
 
 2)ie ©trafie ijl Brett, bet gflujj ijl Bretter* 2)er 
 
 street 
 
 ©tord) tyat einen Idngeren $al§ aU bie ©anS* St 
 
 stork longer neck 
 
 ijl bet Bejle* <£)einric(j ijl fleiner aU Earl* £)a$ 
 
 best 
 
 ©fen ift ttfi|ll<$et afe bag ©titer; eg if! bag nu$lidjfte 
 
 iron 
 
 3KetatL £>er £unb ijl bag tteuejle Stater. dtoUxt ijl 
 fein altefter ©otyn* ©er armjle 3Jiann ijl nidjt immer 
 bet nngliidfli^jle. £>a§ $au8 ijl grofi, bet £fynrm 
 
 unhappiest tower 
 
 ijl grof er> Smitie ijl alter ate (Caroline. £)er fmnb 
 
 Caroline 
 
 ijl treuer al8 bie $a|e* ®a8 $ferb ijl fdjoner nnb 
 nufclictyer aU ber #uttb* 
 
 
 <£t&^^& -*j^ 
 
 '-1&-&&* 
 
75 — 
 
 7 '2. Plural. 
 
 Obs. : 1. Many- nouns of one syllable take in the Plural c and 
 modify the vowels a, o, it. 
 
 2. The definite Article is fcic in the Plural; the deter- 
 minative Adjectives btefcr, jencr drop the r; utctn, bent, 
 fctn, iljr, unfcr, cucr and fctn add c. 
 
 3. Adjectives add en (or it) in the Plural, when preceded 
 "by a determinative word; otherwise they add only e. 
 
 4. The Possessive Pronouns ber meintge, mine; ber bcimge, 
 -Sljrige, mrtge, thine, yours; ber fetnige, his, its; ber 
 anfrtge, ours; ber if)rtge, hers, theirs, are declined 
 like Adjectives preceded by the definite Article. 
 
 ba3 ift s 
 
 that is • 
 
 bct$ ftnb 
 
 these are 
 
 s^^<? ^t?h&?^ 
 
 2)a§ ift nidjt bein Sting, ba3 ift ber .meintge* Stein 
 «f>ut ift fcfyoner aU ber betnige. Unfer §au* ijl fo 
 
 as 
 
 grof »ie bct$ enrige; euer ©atten ift nic^t fo grof 
 
 as « not so 
 
— 16 — 
 
 al8 ber imfrige* ®iefe £tfd)e finb fel)r Hem* £>a§ 
 ©fen itnb bag ©itfcer ftnb 2Reiatte* 2)ie 9>ferbe finb 
 ttufclidjer ate bie #unbe* 2)ie S^dc^te ftnb je|t fe$r 
 
 nights now very 
 
 Inrj* (Enre $uie ftnb fel;r gtofL ©inb bag beine 
 ©triunpfe? 9Keine £>anbe unb g-iifie finb fe^r ftarnu 
 
 stockings 
 
 ©ie lauft ^anbfe^n^e. ®ie ©iitme ntateiu ®ag 
 
 gloves are painting 
 
 Sfatyr ^at ^t>olf donate. 2)iein SJatet fcfyreifct ttiele 
 
 year twelve months many 
 
 23riefe* 3$re |)anbe ftnb Menu £>at fie inele Jluffe? 
 
 letters nuta 
 
 Smtlie jirtdt ©trihnpfe* 3><Jj ^aBe ofnte nnb trene 
 
 knits 
 
 grennbe* SBie inele ^ii^e f)at biefer 23aner? ©ie 
 
 how cows farmer. 
 
 ftnb gfetnbe* Seine |>anbe nnb ^npe finb nid)t rein* 
 
 enemies clean 
 
 ®iefe ©tetne ftnb grofi nnb fcfyroer* Sene 23dnme 
 
 stones heavy 
 
 finb nifyt fel)r Ijodj* ®iefe ^ferbe ftnb fel;r fdjihu 
 
 high 
 
 ©inb bag beine ©djnlje? 2Bir lieBen 3^re gtennbe. 
 
 yy / /y 
 

 &*&<■ ■Z-^&t?' 
 
 "&y yi/^^-^-^^p- 
 
 ^V ' yyj>y y - <? 
 
 y y y 
 y y 9y y - y 
 
 73. 
 
 Obs. : A number of monosyllabic nouns form the Plural by 
 adding er, besides modifying a, o, it, 
 
 SMciue 33iid)er finb feftt nufclid^ Seine ^leiber ftrtb 
 
 books dresses 
 
 fdjmufcig* ®iefe Scrfer finb (el;r grofu Sflle biefe 
 
 dirty 
 
 Jenifer ftnb Ijodj* 2)iefe ©differ finb fel;r fdjihu 
 2)ie SBdtber finb attest meljt gruru 2)iefe 2Kdnner 
 
 woods no more green 
 
 ftnb \t\)x ftarf. ®iefe SBimner ftnb tyafstidj. J3$r 
 
 worms ligly 
 
 Kefct bie SSudjer* Sener gfleifdjer fdjtadjtet einige 
 
 butcher slaughters some 
 
 Simmer* SKein SSruber $at Silver genug* 5tHe 
 
 lambs enough 
 
 meine 23iid)er finb letyrretdj. ©inb jene Silver t^cuer ? 
 
 instructive dear 
 
— 18 — 
 
 ®iefc flatter ftnb nid)t fo grim ate jeneS ©ra8* 
 
 leaves grass. 
 
 Sene SKanner ftnb fc^ott alt unb fctyroadj- SWeine 
 
 men already 
 
 Xufytx ftnb attt tieu* ®iefe banner jtnb tntibe* 
 
 clothes tired. 
 
 SOteine ^leiber ftnb nod) rein, bie beintgen ftnb fcfyon 
 
 still 
 
 fc$mu|tg* Wfc flatter ftnb gel6, Unfere %dUx 
 
 yellow 
 
 ftnb feljr fmd)tbar* Scnc SBalber ftnb fef)r grojj. 
 ®iefe $aufer ftnb ntdjt fo f)od) al8 jene SSaunte. 
 @tnb tyre $inber fletjng ? 
 
 / X X / / 
 
 ' 7 / 
 
 /X / 
 
 yy 9^'y - x" x w 
 
 X XXX X 
 
 /X^X yf ' y/f- # 
 X XX 
 
— 79 — 
 
 74. 
 
 Obs. : 1. Masculine and neuter nouns ending in er, e(, en, 
 generally remain unchanged in the Plural, some 
 modifying the vowels a, o, u. 
 2. Feminine nouns in er, cl take tt in the Plural, except 
 Gutter, SMtter, £od)ter, £od)tei\ 
 
 9)?eine Sritber ftnb Irani, ®iefe ©akin ftnb 
 
 fd)mu|ig* ©tub biefe 3Kdnner Staliener? Sure 
 
 Italians 
 
 dimmer finb fetyr fcfyim; bie ,8fenjter ftnb ju I)od). 
 
 too 
 
 SBer finb biefe fleinen 3)?dbdjen? $aufen©ie gebern? 
 
 who do you buy 
 
 ®ie meijten Stepfel fyaben einen fauerttcfyen ©efdjmacf* 
 
 most sour taste 
 
 Sebermann lofct biefe fleijngen ©cfyweftern* ®iefe 
 
 everybody 
 
 ©pieler ftnb feine bebeutenben ^itnjWer* ®te Stodjter 
 
 performers eminent artists 
 
 ndtyen, ftricfen unb ftttfen, bie ©o(me malen* 3ene 
 
 embroider 
 
 fleinen 2JJdbd)en fpieletx immer* 9Wein 23rubcr fyat 
 $mei SWeffer* ©inb jene jfrtcfyen ffijj? ®iefe SKcjfer 
 
 two cakes 
 
 ftnb fel;r fhmtpf, 2llle jene SSogel ftnb fleuu Sfef 
 
 dull asses 
 
 ftnb immer trdge. 3Keine ©d)tt>e|ter Ijat fcier Sitter* 
 
 lazy 
 
 ©inb biefe ^inber fleiftg? 2JJeine ©djmejtem ftnb 
 die fUijHfl* 2)iefe JBSffcl ftnb nid^t rein. 
 
80 
 
 7/ S- <? 
 
 <7 
 
 
 
 75. 
 
 Obs. : 1. Many nouns ending in e take tt in the Plural. 
 
 2. The Accusative Plural of all nouns is like the Nomi- 
 native Plural. 
 
 3. The Nominative and Accusative Singular are alike 
 in all nouns, excepting those in e (and a few other 
 nouns), of the masculine gender, which take tt. 
 
 2)le Somen finb feljt ftart ®te Somen finb ftdrfer 
 
 lions 
 
 alS bie Stiger* £>ie §afcn finb fe^r fur^tfam. ®ic 
 
 tigers hares timid 
 
 fta|en finb falftf. ©te 2Mufe ftnb Heinet att bie 
 
 
— 81 — 
 
 fatten. 2Keine 23lumen ftnb fainter aU bie bemtgen. 
 
 rats 
 
 £>iefe ©trajjten ftnb fel;r Bveit. £ubmig unb $ran$ 
 
 Lewis Francis 
 
 ftnb muntete ,ftnd>en, ^trfdjen nnb $flaumen ftnb 
 
 cherries 
 
 angenel)me ^rtidjte. Unfer £)ienftmabd)en lauft 
 
 pleasant servant-girl 
 
 33o^nen nnb Srtfen, dx arBeitet fciele ©tnnbem 
 
 beans peas works hours 
 
 Sinige grc^e nnb Heine ©djlangen ftnb gtftig. 2Reine 
 
 some snakes venomous 
 
 liekn SItern unterjtit|en biefe arme ^amilie* <£)(t6en 
 
 parents support family 
 
 @te feme Stiver, ^ebern ober £)inte? $a£en @ie 
 feme ©tadjelfceeren, 3>o!)amti3keren ober $>imfteeren? 
 Sftiemanb fenntifjte fyutflofe Sage. $to:pft ^emanb? 
 
 nobody knows helpless condition does anybody knock 
 
 Sebermcum loU biefe fleifngen SSritber. Sftiemcmb 
 
 everybody 
 
 fennt biefe gfctmilie. Seine SlnfgaBen ftnb leister 
 al$ bie meinigen. ®ie Stofen unb bie £ufyen ftnb 
 fdjone 33lumen, 
 
 
 ^*-&* 
 
 
82 — 
 
 XX 
 
 X X^ X 
 
 X X 
 
 ^^ X ^ X ^ 
 X 
 
 X XX 
 
 76. PAST TENSES: Imperfect. 
 
 3>dj fragte* 3$r StadjIJar Beja^lte feme ©djulb. 
 
 asked paid debt 
 
 ©ie tanjte. Unfer Setter tabelte btn unaufmerffamen 
 
 danced blamed inattentive 
 
 ©filler* ©ie faufte <£>anbfdjul)e nnb ©triimipfe* 
 
 bought 
 
 Unfer 23ebiente $af)Ite ba$ ©elb. ©te fcauten eine 
 
 servant counted money built 
 
 ©tabt. 3dj fag e, id) fag te* ®u mal ft, bu mal tefl. 
 
 say said you paint you painted 
 
 @r arktt et, er arfteit ete. £oB tejt bu ben trdgen 
 
 works worked idle 
 
 ©djiiler? 2)iefe $rau toar reidj nnb glMlid). 2Bo 
 
 was where 
 
 mar 3^r 23ruber? ©ie tyattt eine fd)i)ne 23tume, 
 
 had 
 
— 83 — 
 
 ©ie fatten etne fdjihte S31ume. Unfer Sfcadjfcar Ijatte 
 
 they had 
 
 ein £elel;renbeg 33ud^ ©milie jtricfte ©ttiimpfe ; tyxt 
 
 instructive knit 
 
 Heine ©cfymefhr fyielte. £>ct§ Eoncert toax langmeilig. 
 
 tedious 
 
 Unfer ©nfet tierfaufte afte feine 33lumen* ®iefe gran 
 
 flowers 
 
 wax fetyr J)od)mutfng unb mentals pfrieben. ®er 
 
 haughty never 
 
 $ctufmann wax jufrieberu SBtr liebten %e greunbe, 
 Caroline tyatte einen fleinen ©arten* 
 
 C^-*/* ■&-€&*&<Z'&&* -tr^*^-** C^^t^^fij^, K_y^*<- 
 
 y/ y y yy y ■ yyy/ 
 
 -iA -&6>-tZ£X<- 
 
 2? yy y ? 
 
 y/ y^ yyy ■ yyy yy 
 y y y 
 
 ■r-S^-^r^; ^Cr^ry**-*,*- cy^'^&'t^ 5*2^^-^*^ 
 
 ■t&-&* ■&--&■&■ 
 
 y~ y 
 
 ^€&-yy&- ■&&£?■■&&*■ -tz^-fr-* &*>&&*■ c^--t^i^<y^f-^^ % 
 
77 '. Perfect and Pluperfect. 
 
 Obs. : 1. Most verbs have a regular (iveaJc) t others an irreg- 
 ular (strong.) Conjugation. 
 2. The Past Participle is detached from the auxiliary 
 (fyabe, fyatte) and placed at the end of the sentence. 
 
 ^cf) $abt bag f^one 23ucfy gefauft 3d) tyaBe bag 
 
 bought 
 
 ®orf unb bie ©tabt gefeljen* <£>aft bu bie ^eber unb 
 
 seen 
 
 bag papier genommen? Unfer jDnfel Ijat feirt |jaug 
 
 taken 
 
 unb fcin $Pfetb berfauft. SWtmta $at tyre greunbin 
 
 sold 
 
 i>erlcrett* 2Bo $a6t tyr bag ©lag unb bie ^tafcfye 
 
 lost have you 
 
 gefunben? Emilie Ijat mein $leib unb bag ifyrige 
 
 found hers 
 
 gefuc^t. SDu tyatteji ben SSruber gelofct. 3$ ^6e 
 
 sought you had praised 
 
 jene fdjone 3Kuftf nid)t getyort. |>a6en bie $inber 
 
 heard 
 
 gejtern gefpielt? 3$ ^aBe einen nenen 9tod: unb eine 
 
 yesterday 
 
 SBefte ertyattetu SBir tyaBen nidjtg getyan. SBet 
 
 received nothing done 
 
 fyat biefen SStief gefdjrieBen? §a6t iljr bag 2fteer 
 
 written sea 
 
 gefe^en? 3<*) ^6e leine ©rbBeercti gegeffen. %<§ Ijattt 
 
 eaten 
 
 bag 3Bort ttergeffen. 2Ber tyat biefen ©tern getoorfen? 
 
 word forgotten thrown 
 
— 85 
 
 //*A<- C^*&'&&& 4&&<Z <&&•&&■ y^t^^^l? 
 
 y ■/■ yy /yy ■/ - y 
 
 jy y 
 y s 
 
 78. 
 
 Numerals. 
 
 1 etnS 2 ^t)ct 
 
 5 fiinf 6 fecfjS 
 
 9 neim 10 gefjn 
 
 13 bretgetjn 14 tneqelnt 
 IT ftebjefyn 18 acfytjefjn 
 ber ) 
 
 bie J- crfte, the first gfoeite, second 
 
 ba% ) 
 
 Dierte, fourth fitnfte, fifth 
 
 fiebente, seventh acfyte, eighth 
 ge^nte, tenth elfre, eleventh 
 
 bretgefjnte, thirteenth oieqefynte, fourteenth fiinf $eljnte, fifteenth 
 fed)gc^nte r sixteenth fiebjeljnte, seventeenth adjtgefynte, eighteenth 
 nenu$ef)nte, nineteenth jtuangigfte, twentieth 
 
 £>a3 Sa^r $at j»61f donate. 3)er 2)fonat $at srier 
 
 months 
 
 SSodjem £)ie SSoc^e §at jteBen Stage. 3dj Un adjtf 
 
 weeks days 
 
 Saljre alt. 3Reitt SSater Ijat jtt>Stf gfebertt unb brei 
 
 3 brei 4 trier 
 
 Y fieben 8 ad)t 
 
 11 elf 12 gttfilf 
 
 15 fiinf gefjn 16 fedf)ger)n 
 
 19 nenngefjn 20 gtoanjtg 
 
 brittc, third 
 
 fed>8ie, sixth 
 nennte, ninth 
 gtofitfte, twelfth 
 
— 86 — 
 
 Sfteffet gefctuft Seine Zank l)at meinen erften SBrief 
 gelefen* 3^ ^U einen guten gteunb gef^afet. SBir 
 
 read had 
 
 fauften jel^n Stepfel unb Jtoanjig 23irnen* 5ft e§ brct 
 Uf>r ? Sftetn 9fca<$6at Gejifct bret <£>aufer* SKarie ift 
 
 o'clock 
 
 bie erfte, ©ItfaBetfy bie jmeite, Smma bie btitte. (£r 
 
 first second third 
 
 arBeitete eitte ©tunbe. fauften fte fiinf ^fetbe? 
 SBir l)aBen breije^n ©tittle, Diet Stifle, atyt 3immer 
 unb eine groje Stufyt. 3$ ^Be bie fectyste ShtfgaBe 
 gelernt ©r Bant ba3 fiinfje^nte $>au3* £)ie§ ijl 
 bie adjte ^tafd^e«. ©art l;at bret ©^weflcrn unb Diet 
 23ritber, §afi bu ben 23rief unb ba§ 23ud) ertyalten ? 
 
 x 7 xx 
 
 X X x 
 
 / / / x 
 
 X 
 
— 87 — 
 
 SECTION FIFTH. 
 
 Complete Conjugation of the Auxiliary Verbs 
 fcttt, fyaben, tt»erfcett. 
 1. fcin, to be. 
 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 
 
 PRESENT. 
 
 id) bin, I am 
 bu btft, thou art 
 er (fie, eg) tft, he (she, 
 wir finb, we are 
 itjr fetb, you are 
 fie finb, they are 
 
 it) is 
 
 ] 
 
 id) fei,vl be, etc. 
 bu feteft 
 cr fei 
 Wir fetcti 
 iln* feict 
 fie feictt 
 
 IMPERFECT. 
 
 id) war, I was 
 
 bu war ft, thou wast 
 
 er War, he was 
 
 
 id) ware, I were, etc 
 bu wdrcft 
 cr ware 
 
 wir Warcn, we were 
 
 ifyr warct (wart), you were 
 
 fie Warcn, they were 
 
 wir waren 
 ifjr waret 
 fie warcn 
 
 
 
 PERFECT. 
 
 id) hin gewefen, I have been 
 bu btft gewefen, thou hast been 
 er tft gewefen, he has been 
 Wir finb gewefen, we have been 
 tfyr feib gewefen, you have been 
 fie finb gewefen, they have been 
 
 id) fei gewefen, I have been, 
 bu feteft gewefen etc. 
 
 er fei gewefen 
 wir feien gewefen 
 ir)r feiet gewefen 
 fie feien gewefen 
 
— 88 — 
 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 PLUPERFECT. 
 
 id) ii>.r:r gctoefen, I had been id) ttmre genxfcn, I Jfcaei been, 
 bit luarft geruc] en, thou hadst been bit tudr ft gctocf en etc. 
 
 cr mar gcroefen, he had been cr toctrc getnefen 
 nur toarctt getnefen, we had been nrir toctrett getocfen 
 iljr nwrct gctt)cfcn, you had been iljr lndrct getocfen 
 fie toaven gemefen, they had been fie toarett genxfcn 
 
 FUTURE. 
 
 id) tncrbc* fetn, I shall be id) tncrbc fein, I shall be, etc. 
 
 bu hnrft fctn, thou wilt be bn mcrbeft fctn 
 
 er toirb fein, he will be er tnerbc fein 
 
 totr tnerben fein, we shall be loir tnerben fein 
 
 iljr tnerbct fein, you will be ifjr tnerbet fein 
 
 fie tnerben fein, they will be fie tnerben fein 
 
 FUTURE PAST. 
 
 id) toerbe getnefen fein, I shall id) tnerb* getnefen fein, I shall 
 
 have been have been, etc. 
 
 bu tnirft getnefen fein, thou wilt bn tnerbeft getnefen fein 
 
 have been 
 er lnirb getnefen fein, he will cr incrbe getnefen fein 
 
 have been 
 tnir tnerben getnefen fein, we tnir tnerben getnefen fein 
 
 shall have been 
 tfyr tnerbet getnefen fein, you iljr tnerbet getnefen fein 
 
 will have been 
 fie tnerben getnefen fein, they fie tnerben getnefen fein 
 will have been 
 
 CONDITIONAL. 
 
 id) tniirbe fein, I should be 
 bn tniirbeft fein, thou wouldst be 
 cr mitrbe fein, he would be 
 tnir tniirben fein, we should be 
 tjjt tniirbtt fein, you would bo 
 fie tnurbc:f fein, they would be 
 
 * See the paradigm of toerbctt. 
 
 -! 
 
— 89 — 
 f CONDITIONAL PAST. 
 
 id) nritrbc getoefen fetn, I should have been 
 bit lpiirbeft gcmcfett fetn, thou wouldst have been 
 cr roiirbe geiucfen fein, he would have been 
 ttur ftmrbcn gciucfcn fetn, we should have been 
 u)r nritrbct geroefcn fcttt, you would have been 
 fie ttmrbcn gctoefen fetn, they would have been 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 Singular, fct (bit), be (thou) Plural, fetb (ttjr), fctcn SSte^be (you) 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, fcin, to be Perfect, getoefert fetn, to have been 
 
 PARTICIPLE. 
 
 Present, feteitfc, being Perfect, gcluefcn, been 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 id) Ijabe, I have 
 bit fyaft, thou hast 
 er fyat, he has 
 hm* fjabctt, we have 
 tljr fyabt, you have 
 fie fyabcit, they have 
 
 Ijaficn, to have. 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 
 PRESENT. 
 
 id) fjafcc, I have, etc. 
 
 bu fyabcft 
 
 er fyabc 
 
 tt>ir fyabcu 
 
 it)r l)abct 
 
 fie fjaben 
 
 IMPERFECT. 
 
 id) I) at to, I had 
 bit Ijattcft, thou hadst 
 cr ljartc, he had 
 totr r)att *r, we had 
 iljr fyattct, you had 
 fie fatten, they had 
 
 id) fjcttte, I had, 
 bu lytitttft 
 cr I)dtte 
 totr l)ctt ten 
 tljr t)attct 
 fie fatten 
 
 etc. 
 
— 90 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 
 PERFECT. 
 
 id) fjabe gefyctbt, I have had 
 bu fyaft gefyabt, thou hast had 
 er fyat gefyabt, he has had 
 totr fyabtn gefjabt, we have had 
 ifyr Ijabt getjabt, you have had 
 
 id) fyabe gefyabt, I have had etc. 
 bu fyabeft geljabt 
 er fyabe gefyabt 
 ttnr fyaben gefjabt 
 tfyr fyabet gefyabt 
 
 fie fyaben geljabt, they have had fie fyaben geljabt 
 
 PLUPERFECT. 
 
 td) fyattc gefyabt, I had had id) tyattc gefyabt, I had had, etc. 
 
 bu fyatteft getjabt, thouhadst had bu fyctttcft geljabt 
 
 er fyatte geljabt, he had had er fj'dtt: geljabt 
 
 hnr fatten geljabt, we had had tnir pttcn geljabt 
 
 ifyr fyattzt geljabt, you had had iljr tjctttet geljabt 
 
 fie fatten geljabt, they had had fie fatten gefyabt 
 
 FUTURE. 
 
 id) tt»crbe Ijaben, I shall have 
 bu uurft Ijaben, thou wilt have 
 er ttrirb Ijabeu, he will have 
 ttnr uierben Ijaben, we shall have 
 iljr tterbct Ijaben, you will have 
 fie toerben Ijaben, they will have 
 
 id) merbc fyaben, I shall have, etc. 
 
 bu iDerbeft fyaben 
 
 er toerbe Ijaben 
 
 tr»ir luerben Ijaben 
 
 Ujr merbct Ijaben 
 
 fie toerben Ijaben 
 
 FUTURE PAST. 
 
 id) luerbe gel)abt Ijaben, I shall id) tterbe geljabt Ijaben, I shall 
 
 have had have had, etc. 
 
 bu unrft geljabt Ijaben, thou wilt bu tnerb^ft geljabt Ijaben 
 
 have had 
 er ttrirb geljabt Ijaben, he will er toerbe gei)abt Ijaben 
 
 have had 
 tour toerben ge()abt fyaben, we ttrir tnerben geljabt Ijaben 
 
 shall have had 
 iljr tnerbct geljabt Ijaben, you iljr toerbet geljabt Ijaben 
 
 will have had 
 fie roerben geljabt fyaben, they fie tterben geljabt fyaben 
 will have had 
 
91 — 
 
 CONDITIONAL. 
 
 id) uritrbe fyctben, I should have 
 bit nritrbeft fyabeit, thou .wouldst have 
 er rcitrbe Ijabm, he would have 
 ttnr ttmrben fyaben, we should have 
 tljr ttitrbet fyaben, you would have 
 fie ttriirbett fyaben, they would have 
 
 CONDITIONAL PAST. 
 
 id) toitrbe gefyctbt fyctben, I should have had 
 bu tniirbcft gefyabt tyaben, thou wouldst have had 
 er tmirbe gefyabt fjaben, he would have had 
 roir ttmrben ger)abt Ijaben, we should have had 
 tljr toiirbet gefyabt Ijaben, you would have had 
 fie ttiirben gefyabt fyaben, they would have had 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 Singular, fjctbe (bu), have (thou) 
 
 Plural. fyabct (tfyr), fyabctt @te, have (you) 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present. Ijaben, to have Perfect. gefyabt fyaben, to have had 
 
 PARTICIPLE. 
 
 Present, fjabenfc, having Perfect. Qtfyabt, had 
 
 3. toerbett, to become. 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 id) toerbe, I become 
 bu toirft, thou becomest 
 er roirb, he becomes 
 ttrir tnerbcn, we become 
 ifyr toerbet, you become 
 fie toerbeit, they become 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 PRESENT. 
 
 idj roerbe, I become, etc. 
 
 bu roerbeft 
 
 er roerbe 
 
 tr»ir roerben 
 
 if)r tnerbct 
 
 fie roerbett 
 
— 92 — 
 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 IMPERFECT. 
 
 id) timrbe (toctrb), I became id) ttmrbe, I became, etc. 
 
 bu tourbeft (umrbft), thou be- bu miirbeft 
 
 earnest 
 
 er untrbe (mctrb), he became er toitrbe 
 
 tirir ttmrben, we became tmr ttmrben 
 
 il)r ttmrbet, you became il)r toiirbet 
 
 fie ttmrbeit, they became fie ttmrben 
 
 PERFECT. 
 
 id) bin gett>orben, I have become id) fci geroorbeu, I have 
 
 become, etc. 
 
 bu bift gettiorben, thou hast become bu f eieft getoorben 
 
 er ift gemorben, he has become er fei gett)orben 
 
 ttnrfinbgett>orbeu,we have become tr>ir feien getoorben 
 
 tf)r feib getoorbeu, you have tfyr feict gettwrbeu 
 
 become 
 
 fie finb gett>orbeu, they have fie feicu geluorbeit 
 
 become 
 
 PLUPERFECT. 
 
 \6) ttmr getoorben, I had become id) ttmre getoorben, I had 
 
 become, etc. 
 bu ttmrft gemorben, thou hadst bu ttmreft getoorben 
 
 become 
 er ttmr getoorben, he had become er ttwre getoorben 
 tr»ir toarcn getoorbeu, we had ttn'r waxen getoorben 
 
 become 
 if)r ttmret getoorbeu, you had il)r ro'dvet getoorben 
 
 become 
 fie tnaren getnorbeu, they had fie to are it getoorben 
 
 become 
 
 FUTURE. 
 
 id) ttierbe toerbeu, I shall become id) ttierbe toerbeu, I shall become, 
 buttnrft toerben, thou wilt become bu fterbeft toerben etc. 
 
 er ttnrb tnerben, he will become er tt>erbe roerben 
 
93 
 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 loir loerbest loerben, we shall loir loerben loerben 
 
 become 
 ifjr loerbet loeroen, you will iljr loerbet loerben 
 
 become 
 fie loerben locrben, they will fie loerben loerben 
 
 become 
 
 FUTURE PAST. 
 
 id) loerbe geioorben fein, I shall 
 
 have become 
 bit toirft geioorben fein, thou wilt 
 
 have become 
 er tt)trb getoorben fein, he will 
 
 have become 
 loir toerben geioorben fein, we 
 
 shall have become 
 iljr loerbet geioorben fein, you 
 
 will have become 
 fie roerben geioorben fein, they 
 will have become 
 
 id) loerbe getoorben fein, I shall 
 
 have become, etc. 
 bu toerbeft getoorben fein 
 
 er loerbe getoorben fein 
 
 loir loerben geioorben fein 
 
 tfjr loerbct geioorben fein 
 
 fie loerbctt geioorben fein 
 
 CONDITIONAL. 
 
 id) lottrbc locrben, I should become 
 bn loitrbeft locrben, thou wouldst become 
 er loitrbe loerben, he would become 
 loir nritrben toerben, we should become 
 iljr loitrbet locrben, you would become 
 fie lo ur ben loerben, they would become 
 
 CONDITIONAL PAST. 
 
 id) toiirbe gen) orb en fein, I should have become 
 bn tourbeft geioorben fein, thou wouldst have become 
 er loitrbc geioorben fein, he would have become 
 tttr loitrbest geroorben fein, we should have become 
 ir)r tourbet getoorben fein, you would have become 
 fie nmrben getoorben fein, they would have become 
 
— 94 — 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 Singular, toerbc (bit), become (thou) 
 
 Plural. tnerbet (ifyr), roerben @te, become (you) 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Pres. it) erb en, to become Past, getoorben feitt, to have become 
 
 PARTICIPLE. 
 
 Pres. toerbeufc, becoming Past. gett>orben, become 
 
 Complete Conjugation of the Regular Yerb 
 ftefien, to love. 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 id) ttebe, I love 
 bit tieb(c)ft, thou lovest 
 er tteb(c)t, he loves 
 unr tieben, we love 
 ifyr tteb(e)t, you love 
 fie tieben, they love 
 
 id) tiebte, I loved 
 bit ttebteft, thou lovedst 
 er tiebte, he loved 
 xoix tiebtett, we loved 
 tfjr liebtet, you loved 
 fie tiebtett, they loved 
 
 active voice. 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 PRESENT. 
 
 id) Itebe, I love, etc. 
 
 bu tiebeft 
 
 er ttebe 
 
 xoix ttebett 
 
 tfjr tiebet 
 
 fie tieben 
 
 IMPERFECT. 
 
 id) ttebte, I loved, etc. 
 
 bu tiebteft 
 
 er (iebte 
 
 ttnr tiebtett 
 
 iljr liebtet 
 
 fie liebtett 
 
 PERFECT. 
 
 id) Ijabe getiebt, I have loved 
 bu fyaft getiebt, thou hast loved 
 er fyat getiebt, he has loved 
 tnir fyctben getiebt, we have loved 
 ifjr fyabt getiebt, you have loved 
 fie fyaben getiebt, they have loved 
 
 id) fjabe getiebt, I have loved, 
 bu fyabeft getiebt etc. 
 
 er fjabe getiebt 
 ttiir tjabett getiebt 
 ifyr tjabet getiebt 
 fie fyabett getiebt 
 
— 95 — 
 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 PLUPERFECT. 
 
 id) I) arte gelteot, I had loved id) Ijattc geliebt, I had loved, etc. 
 
 bit fycitteft geliebt, thou hadst 
 loved 
 er l)atte geliebt, he had loved 
 mix gotten geliebt, we had loved 
 il)r Ijattet geliebt, you had loved 
 fie tjctttcti geliebt, they had loved 
 
 bit l)ctttcft geliebt 
 
 cr Ija'tte geliebt 
 toix Ijdttcn geliebt 
 iljr fjattet geliebt 
 fie Ijdttcn geliebt 
 
 FUTURE. 
 
 id) ttjcrbe licben, I shall love 
 bit nurft licben, thou wilt love 
 er tnirb lieben, he will love 
 loir JDcrbcti lieben, we shall love 
 ifyr roerbet lieben, you will love 
 
 idj toefbc lieben, I shall love, etc. 
 bu toerbeft licben 
 cr wcrbe lieben 
 toix toerbett licben 
 i()r lucrbct lieben 
 
 fie nxrben lieben, they will love fie merben lieben 
 
 FUTURE PAST. 
 
 id) u>erbe geliebt l)aben, I shall 
 
 have loved 
 
 bn urirft geliebt t)aben,thou wilt 
 
 have loved 
 
 er nrirb geliebt Ijaben, he will 
 
 have loved 
 
 toir merbcti geliebt l)aben, we 
 
 shall have loved 
 
 tljr toerbct geliebt Ijaben, you 
 
 will have loved 
 
 fie toerben geliebt Ijaben, they 
 
 will have loved 
 
 id) merbe geliebt Ijaben, I shall 
 
 have loved, etc. 
 bu toerbeft geliebt l)aben 
 
 cr toerbc geliebt fyaben 
 
 toir toerben geliebt Ijaben 
 
 it)r toerbet geliebt Ijaben 
 
 fie hjerben geliebt Ijaben 
 
 CONDITIONAL. 
 
 tdt) tniirbc lieben, I should or would love 
 bn mtrbeft lieben, thou wouldst love 
 cr tuitrbe licben, he would love 
 toix nmrbett lieben, we should love 
 tl)r ttmrbet lieben, you would love 
 fie antrben lieben, they would love 
 
— 96 — 
 
 CONDITIONAL PAST. 
 
 idj toiirbe getiebt l)aben, I should have loved 
 bit toiirbeft geliebt fyaben, thou wouldst have loved 
 cr ttmrbe geliebt Ijaben, he would have loved 
 lrtr tourbett geliebt Ijaben, we should have loved 
 iljr toiirbet geliebt Ijaben, you would have loved 
 fie ttmrben geliebt Ijaben, they would have loved 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 Singular, liebe, love Plural. liebt (lieben @te), love 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present. lieben, to love Past, geliebt Ijaben, to have loved 
 
 PARTICIPLE. 
 
 Present, liebenfc, loving Past, geliebt, loved 
 
 PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 
 PRESENT. 
 
 id) toerbe geliebt, I am loved 
 bu ttrirft geliebt, thou art loved 
 er toirb geliebt, he is loved 
 toir toerben geliebt, we are loved 
 itjr toerbet geliebt, you are loved 
 fie toerbcn geliebt, they are loved 
 
 id) toerbe geliebt, I am loved, 
 bu toerbcft geliebt etc. 
 
 er toerbe geliebt 
 hnr foerben geliebt 
 iljr tterbet geliebt 
 fie tnerben geliebt 
 
 IMPERFECT. 
 
 iclj ttmrbe geliebt, I was loved 
 bu tourbeft geliebt, thou wast loved 
 cr timrbe geliebt, he was loved 
 Wxv ftmrben geliebt, we were loved 
 iljr ttmrbet geliebt, you were loved 
 fie hmrben geliebt, they were loved 
 
 id) toiirbe geliebt, I was loved, 
 bu toiirbeft geliebt etc. 
 
 cr tniirbe geliebt 
 ttrir ttmrben geliebt 
 iljr roiirbet geliebt 
 fie tnurben geliebt 
 
— 97 — 
 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 PERFECT. 
 
 id) bin geliebt morben, I have id) fet geliebt morben, I have 
 
 been loved 
 bit bift geliebt morben, thou hast 
 
 been loved 
 cr ift geliebt morben, he has 
 
 been loved 
 ttJtr finb geliebt morben, we have 
 
 been loved 
 tl)r feib geliebt morben, you have 
 
 been loved 
 fie finb geliebt morben, they have 
 
 been loved 
 
 been loved, etc. 
 bu feieft geliebt morben 
 
 er fet geliebt morben 
 
 mir fcien geliebt morifn 
 
 il)r feiet geliebt morben 
 
 fie feien geliebt morben 
 
 PLUPERFECT. 
 
 id) mar geliebt morben, I had id) mare geliebt morben, I had 
 
 been loved 
 
 bit marft geliebt morben, thou 
 
 hadst been loved 
 
 er mar geliebt morben, he had 
 
 been loved 
 
 hn'r maren geliebt morben, we 
 
 had been loved 
 
 if)r marct geliebt tvorbcn, you 
 
 had been loved 
 
 fie maren geliebt morben, they 
 
 had been loved 
 
 been loved, etc. 
 bit mareft geliebt morben 
 
 cr mare geliebt morben 
 
 mir maren geliebt morben 
 
 iljr mciret geliebt morben 
 
 fie marcn geliebt morben 
 
 FUTURE. 
 
 id) merbe geliebt merben, I shall id) merbe geliebt merben, I shall 
 
 be loved 
 
 bit mirft geliebt merben, thou 
 
 wilt be loved 
 
 cr mirb geliebt merben, he will 
 
 be loved 
 
 mir merben geliebt merben, we 
 
 shall be loved 
 
 if)r merbet geliebt merben, you 
 
 will be loved 
 
 fie merben geliebt merben, they 
 
 will be loved 
 
 be loved, etc. 
 bit merbcft geliebt merben 
 
 er merbe geliebt merben 
 
 mir merben geliebt merben 
 
 if)r merbet geliebt merben 
 
 fie merben geliebt merben 
 
— 98 — 
 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 FUTURE PAST.. 
 
 id) tnerbe geliebt tnorben fein, I id) tnerbe geliebt tnorben fern, 
 
 shall have been loved I shall have been loved, etc. 
 bit toirft geliebt tnorben fetn, thou bn toerbeft geltebt tnorben fetn 
 
 wilt have been loved 
 er toirb geltebt tnorben fetn, he er tnerbe geltebt tnorben fetn 
 
 * will have been loved 
 toil* toerben geltebt tnorben fetn, toir tnerben geliebt tnorben fein 
 
 we shall have been loved 
 tt)r tnerbet geltebt tnorben fein, Ujr roerbet geliebt tnorben fein 
 
 you will have been loved 
 fie tnerben geliebt tnorben fetn, fie tnerben geltebt tnorben fetn 
 they will have been loved 
 
 CONDITIONAL. 
 
 id) tnitrbe geliebt tnerben, I should be loved 
 bn tnitrbeft geliebt tnerben, thou wouldst be loved 
 er tnitrbe geliebt tnerben, he would be loved 
 tt)tr tnitrben geliebt tnerben, we should be loved 
 il)r toitrbet geliebt tnerben, you would be loved 
 fie tnitrben geliebt tnerben, they would be loved 
 
 CONDITIONAL PAST. 
 
 id) tnitrbe geliebt tnorben fein, I should have been loved 
 bn tnitrbeft geliebt tnorben fein, thou wouldst have been loved 
 er tnitrbe geliebt tnorben fein, he would have been loved 
 tnir ttmrben geliebt tnorben fein, we should have been loved 
 tl)r tniirbet geliebt tnorben fein, you would have been loved 
 fie tnitrben geliebt tnorben fein, they would have been loved 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 Singular, tnerbe (fci) geliebt, be (thou) loved 
 
 Plural. tnerbet geliebt, (fetett <Sie) geliebt, be (you) loved 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, geliebt tnerben, to be loved 
 
 Past. geliebt tnorben fein, to have been loved 
 
 PARTICIPLE. 
 
 Pres. geliebt tnerbenb, being loved Past, geliebt, loved 
 
99 — 
 
 Declension of Nouns. 
 masculines. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. ber 23ater, the father Nom. 
 
 Gen. be$ SkterS, of the father Gen. 
 
 (the father's) 
 
 Bat. bem $ater, to the father Dat. 
 
 Ace. ben SBater, the father Ace. 
 
 Plural 
 
 bte 33dter, the fathers 
 bcr SSater, of the fathers ( 
 (the fathers') , 
 
 ben 33 dtem, to the fathers 
 bte 23 titer, the fathers 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. bcr ©djiiler, the scholar 
 Gen. beS ©rf)uter$, of the 
 
 scholar (the scholar's) 
 Dat. bem Sdjitfer, to the scholar 
 
 Ace. bett €><f>Mer, the scholar 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. bie ©center, the scholars 
 
 Gen. ber ©djitfer, of the schol- 
 ars (the scholars') 
 
 Dat. ben @d)it(ern, to the 
 scholars 
 
 Ace. bte @djit(er, the scholars 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 ber $nabe, the boy 
 
 Nom. 
 
 bte $nabctt, the boys 
 
 Gen. 
 
 be3 $nabeit, of the boy 
 
 Gen. 
 
 ber ®nabett, of the boys 
 
 
 (the boy's) 
 
 
 (the boys') 
 
 Dat. 
 
 bem $nabett, to the boy 
 
 Dat. 
 
 ben $naben, to the boys 
 
 Ace. 
 
 ben $naben, the boy 
 
 Ace. 
 
 bte £naben, the boys 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 ber ^tnbent, the student 
 
 Nom. 
 
 bte (Stnbentcn, the stu- 
 dents 
 
 Gen. 
 
 be3 ©tubentcit, of the 
 
 Gen. 
 
 ber ^titbenten, of the stu- 
 
 
 student (the student's) 
 
 
 dents (the students') 
 
 Dat. 
 
 bem (gtubentett, to the 
 
 Dat. 
 
 ben ©tubentcit, to the 
 
 
 student 
 
 
 students 
 
 Ace. 
 
 ben@tttbentcn,the student 
 
 Ace. 
 
 bte ©tubentett, the stu- 
 dents 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 ber £mt, the hat 
 
 Nom. 
 
 bte §ute, the hats 
 
 Gen. 
 
 be3 §ute£, of the hat 
 
 Gen. 
 
 ber £)ute, of the hats 
 
 
 (the hat's) 
 
 
 (the hats') 
 
 Dat, 
 
 bem £mte, to the hat 
 
 Dat. 
 
 ben £)tttcn, to the hats 
 
 Ace. 
 
 ben §>ur, the hat 
 
 Ace. 
 
 bte §ute, the hats 
 
100 — 
 
 FEMININES. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. bte gran, the woman 
 Gen. ber grew, of the woman 
 
 (the woman's) 
 Dat. ber grew, to the woman 
 Ace* bte grew, the woman 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. bte @tabt, the town 
 Gen. ber @tabt, of the town 
 
 (the town's) 
 Dat. ber ©tctbt, to the town 
 Ace. bte @tabt, the town 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Norn, bie granen, the women 
 Gen. ber grauen, of the women 
 
 (the women's) 
 Dat. ben grattcn,to the women 
 Ace. bte grauen, the women* 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. bte <&tabte, the towns 
 Gen. ber ©tcbte, of the towns 
 
 (the towns') 
 Dat. ben t&tabttn, to the towns 
 Ace. bte (Btabtt, the towns 
 
 NEUTERS. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. ba% 33udj), the book 
 Gen. be$ SBucfyeS, of the book 
 
 (the book's) 
 Dat. bem 23ttrf)e, to. the book 
 Ace. bct$ 23ntf), the book 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. bte 53ud)Ct, the books 
 Gen. ber 33iitf)er, of the books 
 
 (the books') 
 Dat. ben 33ud)ern, to the books 
 Ace. bte $3utf)tv, the books 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Norn. bct$ Dljr, the ear Norn, bte Ojrett, the ears 
 
 Gen. be3 DfyreS, of the ear Gen. ber DIjrett, of the ears 
 
 (the ear's) (the ears') 
 
 Dat. bem Ojre, to the ear Dat. ben Dfyren, to the ears 
 
 Ace. bct$ Dfyr, the ear Ace. bte £)fyren, the ears 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. ba% SafjT, the year 
 Gen. be3 3 a ^ rc§ / of the year 
 
 (the year's) 
 Dat. bem -Sctfyre, to the year 
 Ace. bctS 3aijr, the year 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. bte -JJafyre, the years 
 Gen. ber Saljre, of the years 
 (the years') 
 ben Qafyxen, to the years 
 bte Safyre, the years 
 
 Dat. 
 Ace. 
 
 
— 101 — 
 Declension of Nouns with Adjectives. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Plural 
 
 Nom. 
 
 ber fdjbitc ©arten 
 
 Nom. 
 
 bie fdjbncn ©drten 
 
 Gen. 
 
 be3 fefybnen ©artend 
 
 Gen. 
 
 ber fdjimcti ©drten 
 
 Dat. 
 
 bem fcfyonen ©arten 
 
 Dat. 
 
 ben fdjbncn ©drten 
 
 Ace. 
 
 ben fdjonen ©arten 
 
 Ace. 
 
 bie fdjonctt ©drten 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Norn. 
 
 bie rotfyc 33mme 
 
 Nom. 
 
 bie rotfjen 33fanten 
 
 Gen. 
 
 ber rotfyen 33 fame 
 
 Gen. 
 
 ber rotfyen 33famen 
 
 Dat. 
 
 ber rotten 33fante 
 
 Dat. 
 
 ben rotfyen 33famen 
 
 Ace. 
 
 bie rot()C 23fame 
 
 Ace. 
 
 bie rotfyen 33 lumen 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 bad neue £Ietb 
 
 Nom. 
 
 bie neucn ®(eiber 
 
 Gen. 
 
 bed neucn $(etbed 
 
 Gen. 
 
 ber neuen ®tetber 
 
 Dat. 
 
 bem neucn $(eibe 
 
 Dat. 
 
 ben neucn ^(etbem 
 
 Ace. 
 
 bad lieu? SHeib 
 
 Ace. 
 
 bie neucn $leiber 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 cm fd)bncr ©arten 
 
 Nom. 
 
 fd)bnc ©drten 
 
 Gen. 
 
 eined fefybnen ©arteud 
 
 Gen. 
 
 fdjbnct ©drten 
 
 Dat. 
 
 cittern jd)bncn ©arten 
 
 Dat. 
 
 fefybtten ©drten 
 
 Ace. 
 
 emeu fdjbucn ©arten 
 
 Ace. 
 
 fdjbnc ©drten 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 cine rotlje IBtume 
 
 Nom. 
 
 rotfyc 33fanten 
 
 Gen. 
 
 etner rotten 33fame 
 
 Gen. 
 
 rotter 33famen 
 
 Dat. 
 
 etner rotten 33fame 
 
 Dat. 
 
 rotfjen 33(umen 
 
 Ace. 
 
 ettte rottje 23fante 
 
 Ace. 
 
 rotijc 33famen 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 cut ncue$ $(etb 
 
 Nom. 
 
 neuc $Ieiber 
 
 Gen. 
 
 eined ncuett ®(eibed 
 
 Gen. 
 
 iteucr ®leiber 
 
 Dat. 
 
 etnem ucuen Wiethe 
 
 Dat. 
 
 neucn 0eibera 
 
 Ace. 
 
 etu neucS ®(eib 
 
 Ace. 
 
 neuc $leiber 
 
— 102 — 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. mem fdjoner ©ctrten Nom. 
 Gen. meineS jcfyonctt ©artenS Gen. 
 
 Dat. metncm jtfjonen ©ctrten Dat. 
 
 Ace. • mcineti jdjonen ©ctrten Ace. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. meine rottje 23htme Nom. 
 
 Gen. meiner rotten £>lume Gen. 
 
 Bat. meiner rotten 33(ttme Dat. 
 
 Ace. meine rotbe 33tume Ace. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Norn, mem netted $(eib Nom. 
 
 Gen. memeS neuen $leibeg Gen. 
 
 Dat. meinem neuen ®tetbe Dat. 
 
 Ace. mem neue$ $fetb Ace. 
 
 Plural. 
 
 meine fdjjcmett ©ctrten 
 meiner fcfybnen ©ctrten 
 metnen (djon-tt ©drten 
 meine fdjone.i ©drten 
 
 Plural. 
 
 meine rotijen ©lumen 
 meiner rotljea tinmen 
 metnen rotten 23fumen 
 meine rotfje i tinmen 
 
 n 
 
 t 
 
 Plural. 
 
 
 meine nencit ®(etber 
 meiner neuen JHeiber 
 metnen nenen $(eibern 
 meine nencn 0eiber 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. gutet Sein 
 
 Gen. guten Seines 
 
 Dat. gutent Seine 
 
 Ace. guten Sein 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. groge greube 
 
 Gen. grower greube 
 
 Dat. grower grenbe 
 
 Ace. gro§e grenbe 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom. fdj(ecf)te$ §ot$ 
 
 Gen. fd)lecf)teu §otge8 
 
 Dat. fd)(ed)rem §o^e 
 
 Ace. fcf)(ecf)te£ £>otg 
 
 PZwra£. 
 
 Nom. gut t Seine 
 
 Gen. gutcr Seine 
 
 Dat. guten Seinen 
 
 Ace. gnte Seine 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. groge grenben 
 
 Gen. grower greuben 
 
 Dat. grovel* greuben 
 
 Ace. grofje greuben 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Nom. fd)Ietf)te §o^er 
 
 Gen. fcf)tetf)ter §b^er 
 
 Dat. fd)(ed)ten £b($ern 
 
 Ace. fct)(ecr)te ^bt^er 
 
— 103 — 
 
 VOCABULARY 
 
 of all words occurring in this Primer. 
 
 Abbreviations: m. — masculine; /. = feminine; n. = neuter; Sing. = Singular; 
 
 Plur. = Plural; Pres.= Present Tense; Imperf. = Imperfect Tense; 
 
 Imp. = Imperative. 
 
 2*« 
 
 2tai, m., eel 
 
 ab, off 
 
 Slbergfaube, m., superstition 
 
 abeuglaubijd), superstitious 
 
 abermal3, again 
 
 ablegen, to put off 
 
 abfcbeultd), horrible 
 
 21bjd)teb, m., leave 
 
 Slbfdjrtft,/., copy 
 
 abfidjtlid), intentional 
 
 Sttfer, m., field 
 
 ad)t, eight 
 
 ad)t, genuine 
 
 Slctie,/., share 
 
 2lber,/., vein 
 
 21ffe, m., ape 
 
 2let)re,/., ear 
 
 Slip,/., alp 
 
 al§, when, as, than 
 
 alt, aU 
 
 alt, old 
 alter, older 
 Sllter, n., age 
 altern, to grow old 
 attlid), elderly 
 Statertfaner, m., American 
 an, at 
 
 Slnbticf, m., view 
 Slnbenfeit, n., remembrance 
 anber, other 
 21rtfaitg, m., beginning 
 anfangen, to begin 
 angenebrrt, pleasant 
 21ngft,/., anxiety 
 cingffltd), anxious 
 anljoren, to listen 
 Slnfauf, m., purchase 
 anlegen, to put on 
 21nna,/., Anna 
 21nfid)t,/., view 
 21ntli£, n., countenance 
 2trttttiort,/., answer 
 21n;mg, m., suit 
 2ty f el, m., apple 
 Styfelbaunr, m., apple-tree 
 Slprifofe,/., apricot 
 arbetten, to work 
 arbetifam, diligent 
 argtooljntfdj, suspicious 
 2Irm, m., arm 
 arm, poor 
 Slrmee,/., army 
 2trgt, m., physician 
 21ft, m., branch 
 attcf), also 
 Auction,/., auction 
 
104 
 
 cmf, upon 
 Stufgabe,/., lesson 
 5Iufgang, w., rise 
 auffybren, to cease 
 aufmerffam, attentive 
 aufmuntern, to cheer up 
 2(uffa£, m., composition 
 Sfafwarter, m., waiter 
 2(uge, n., eye 
 au§, out 
 
 5Iu§brucf, m., expression 
 auSbriicfUdj, express 
 2Iu§f(iig, m., trip 
 auSgebeljnt, vast 
 $rt,./., ax, hatchet 
 
 baar, cash 
 23ad), m., brook 
 bad en, to bake 
 33a der, m., baker 
 23ab, n., bath 
 bdlb, soon 
 33anb, n., tie 
 23cmf,/., bench, bank 
 SBcir, m., bear 
 SBart, *n. beard 
 SBafe,/. cousin (/J 
 banen, to build 
 SSaiter, m., farmer 
 33aum, m., tree 
 SBaumchen, n., little tree 
 bebeutenb, eminent 
 23ebeutung,/., meaning 
 33ebtente, m., servant 
 bebiirfen, to need 
 SBeburfntft, n., need 
 23eere,/., berry 
 33eet, n., bed (of flowers) 
 befreien, to set free 
 begegnen, to meet 
 begefyen, to commit 
 begetftern, to inspire 
 begraben, to bury 
 33egrabntf3, n., burial 
 begvetfficb, comprehensible 
 
 beljarrttd), persistent 
 beljaupten, to assert 
 SBetfaU, m., applause 
 33eit, n., hatchet 
 33ein, n., leg 
 beiften, to bite 
 bejaljen, to affirm 
 betacfyen, to laugh at 
 beteben, to animate 
 belefyrenb, instructive 
 23elebrimg,/., instruction 
 beEcn, to bark 
 betofynen, to reward 
 SBelohnung,/., reward 
 SBemerfung,/., remark 
 benacfrridjttgen, to inform 
 beveben, to persuade 
 bereid)ern, to enrich 
 33erg, m., mountain 
 bergig, mountainous 
 berubigen, to calm 
 befdjmu^en, to soil 
 befd)ulbtgen, to accuse 
 bcfi^en, to possess 
 beforgt, anxious 
 befarecfren, to discuss 
 beffer, better 
 beftdttgen, to confirm 
 befte, best 
 S3ett, n., bed 
 betteln, to beg 
 SBeute,/., prey 
 betoegen, to move 
 beiregtid), movable 
 SSefcregung, /., motion 
 betoeinen, to weep for 
 beraobnen, to inhabit 
 bettmnbern, to admire 
 begabten, to pay 
 biegen, to bend 
 33iene,/., bee 
 33ter, n., beer 
 33i(b, n., picture 
 bin (Pres.), am 
 33tnbe,/., tie 
 biitben, to tie 
 
— 105 — 
 
 SBtrne,/., pear 
 
 SBiJ3, m., bite 
 
 23iffen, m., bit 
 
 bift (Pres.J, art (are) 
 
 33itterfett, /., bitterness 
 
 bfctfj, pale 
 
 blafjgriiit, pale-green 
 
 SBiatt, 7i., leaf 
 
 btattern, to turn the leaves 
 
 blait, blue 
 
 SBlei, n., lead 
 
 bleiern, leaden 
 
 bleiben, to remain 
 
 bltltb, blind 
 
 bitten, to lighten 
 
 btiiben, to bloom 
 
 23lume,/., flower 
 
 blinntg, flowery 
 
 $3fot, n., blood 
 
 33oben, m., floor 
 
 Somite, /., bean 
 
 23oo t, n., boat 
 
 bog, bad 
 
 53ote, tti., messenger 
 
 brad), fallow 
 
 braucben, to need, to use 
 
 braun, brown 
 
 bredjen, to break 
 
 breit, broad 
 
 breiter, broader 
 
 SBreite,/., breadth 
 
 brennen, to burn 
 
 33rief, tti., letter 
 
 35rieffd)aftert (pi.)* letters 
 
 SBrob, »., bread 
 
 SBrombeere,/., blackberry 
 
 23mber, m., brother 
 
 briiberiid), fraternal 
 
 S3ruft,/., chest, breast 
 
 33ud), n., book 
 
 23ud)e,/., beech 
 
 23iid)lem, n., little book 
 
 bunt, variegated 
 
 dart, m., Charles 
 Caroline,/., Caroline 
 GEIjocoiabe, /., chocolate 
 Character, m., character 
 Gttfterae,/., cistern 
 (£ttrone,/., lemon 
 (£r$reffe,/., cypress 
 
 £>. 
 
 ba, there 
 
 S)od), n., roof 
 
 ®ampf, ro,, steam 
 
 2)anf, m., thanks 
 
 ban!bar, thankful 
 
 2)anf barfeit, /. , thankfulness 
 
 banfen, to thank 
 
 ba.8, the, that, these 
 
 3)ecfe,/., ceiling 
 
 2)etfef, 772., cover 
 
 beef en, to cover 
 
 bein, thy, your 
 
 beirte, thy, your 
 
 beintge, thine, yours 
 
 benfen, to think 
 
 betm, for 
 
 ber, the 
 
 beutfd), German 
 
 btcf, thick 
 
 ®tcfe,/., thickness 
 
 bie, the 
 
 SDieb, m., thief 
 
 btebifd), thievish 
 
 bienen, to serve 
 
 S)ienft, 77i., service 
 
 SDienftmcibdjett, n., servant-girl 
 
 biefe, this 
 
 btefec, this 
 
 btejeS, this 
 
 2)tltg, n., thing 
 
 bod), yet 
 
 25oId), 77i., dagger 
 
 2)omter, m., thunder 
 
 S£>orf, n„ village 
 
 £>orn, 77i., thorn 
 
 bornig, thorny 
 
— 106 
 
 brcmgen, to push 
 
 2)recb§ter, m., turner 
 
 brttte, third 
 
 bret, three 
 
 S)rud, m., print, pressure 
 
 bruden, to print 
 
 2)rucferet, /., printing office 
 
 bit, thou, (you) 
 
 fcumm, stupid 
 
 3)ummbeit, /., stupidity 
 
 bmtM, dark 
 
 biinfelgriirt, dark-green 
 
 bunfter, darker 
 
 biinn, thin 
 
 burd), through 
 
 burd)bohrett, to pierce 
 
 buucbbrmgen, to penetrate 
 
 2)urd)fd)rtitt, m., average 
 
 2)urft, m., thirst 
 
 burfttg, thirsty 
 
 ehe, ere 
 
 efyer, sooner 
 
 (gtjre, /., honor 
 
 ebrert, to honor 
 
 ehrlid), honest 
 
 @t, n., egg 
 
 (Sidje, /., oak 
 
 etlett, to hurry 
 
 em, a, one 
 
 (Stnbrud, m., impression 
 
 etne, a, one 
 
 (Stttfatl, m., invasion 
 
 (Sittftuft, m., influence 
 
 (Smftthr, /., import 
 
 eitttge, some 
 
 (Stfen, n., iron 
 
 (Stteff'ett, /., vanity 
 
 (5i§fycm§, n., ice-house 
 
 (Sltern (pi- J, parents 
 
 (Smma, /., Emma 
 
 empfangen, to receive 
 
 empfebjen, to recommend 
 
 enbett, to finish 
 
 enbtgen, to end 
 
 ettge, narrow 
 
 entbebren, to miss 
 
 (Snte, /., duck 
 
 entfernen, to withdraw 
 
 entgehen, to escape 
 
 entbatten, to contain 
 
 entfagen, to renounce 
 
 (Sntfchtoffenbeit, /., resolution 
 
 entjcbutbigen, to excuse 
 
 entfpredjen, to correspond 
 
 enttoaffnen, to disarm 
 
 er, he 
 
 (Si - be, m., heir 
 
 erben, to inherit 
 
 (Srbfe, /., pea 
 
 (Srbe, /., earth 
 
 (Srfmbmtg, /., invention 
 
 erfreuticb, agreeable 
 
 erfrifcben, to refresh 
 
 ergtin^en, to complete 
 
 ertjalten, to receive 
 
 (Srinnentttg, /., remembrance 
 
 erHciren, to explain 
 
 ertcmgen, to obtain, attain 
 
 ertauben, to permit 
 
 erlofen, to release 
 
 ermatten, to tire 
 
 erntebrigen, to humble 
 
 (Srobentng, /., conquest 
 
 erfcbemen, to appear 
 
 erfte, first 
 
 erjbrmtm, very stupid 
 
 ev^fcmt, very lazy 
 
 (Sr^xebung, /., education 
 
 e§, it. 
 
 (Sfdje, /., ash 
 
 effeit, to eat 
 
 eurf), you 
 
 eiter, your (Sing, and Tlur. ) 
 
 euere, your (Sing, and Plur.) 
 
 (Sute, /., owl 
 
 eiirige, yours (Sing. and Plur.) 
 
 fabreit, to drive 
 ga^rt, /., trip, drive 
 ftaii, m., fall 
 ^atte,/., trap 
 
— 107 — 
 
 fatten, to fall 
 
 fallen, to feU 
 
 falfd), false 
 
 gamtlte, /., family 
 
 ^ang, m., capture 
 
 fangen, to catch 
 
 fdrben, to dye 
 
 gdrbev, m., dyer 
 
 faffen, to hold 
 
 f aft, almost 
 
 fafet (Pres.J, holds 
 
 fajjte (Imperf.J, held 
 
 faul, idle 
 
 geber, /., pen 
 
 ftetge, /., fig 
 
 geile,/., file 
 
 fein, fine 
 
 geinb, m., enemy 
 
 geinbfcrjaft, /., enmity 
 
 feinbfetig, inimical 
 
 geib, n., field 
 
 gefl, n., skin 
 
 §et§, m., rock 
 
 genfter, n., window 
 
 fern, far 
 
 fertig, ready, done 
 
 feud)t, damp 
 
 §euer, n., fire 
 
 finben, to find 
 
 finfter, dark 
 
 gtrftcniifj,/., darkness 
 
 gifd), m., fish 
 
 fifdjen, to fish 
 
 flad), fiat 
 
 fttafd)e,/., bottle 
 
 gleifd), n., meat 
 
 glcifdjer, m., butcher 
 
 ^(eiJ3, m., diligence, industry 
 
 '[(etftig, diligent, industrious 
 
 pege, /., fly 
 
 fltegen, to fly 
 
 gtote,/., flute 
 
 gliigel, m., wing 
 
 glujj, m., river 
 
 f^otge, /., consequence 
 
 fotgen, to follow 
 
 ^orelle, /. , trout 
 
 gorft, m., forest 
 
 fort, away 
 
 fragen, to ask 
 
 grantreid), n., France 
 
 granj, Francis 
 
 %vau, /., woman 
 
 fret, free 
 
 freter, freer 
 
 greifyett, /. , freedom 
 
 frcmb, strange 
 
 frembarttg, strange 
 
 ^rembUng, m., stranger 
 
 greitnb, m., friend (m.) 
 
 gfremtbm,/., (female) friend 
 
 freunbltcf), friendly 
 
 gremtbfdjaft, /., friendship 
 
 griebe, m., peace 
 
 frteblid), peaceful 
 
 frifd), fresh 
 
 grofd), m., frog 
 
 grudjt, /., fruit 
 
 fntd)tbar, fertile 
 
 grudjtbarfeit, /., fertility 
 
 gnd)g, m., fox 
 
 fiifyten, to feel 
 
 gufynnann, m., driver 
 
 fiilleri, to fill 
 
 fiinf, five 
 
 fiir, for 
 
 giirdjt, /., fear 
 
 fiirdjtcn, to fear 
 
 furd)t!og, fearless 
 
 furdjtfatn, timid 
 
 gufj, w., foot 
 
 ©abt f f., gift 
 ©abet, /. fork 
 ©ang, m., walk 
 ©an§,/., goose 
 gan^, whole 
 ganoid), wholly 
 ©arten, m., garden 
 ©aft, m., guest 
 geben, to give 
 
108 — 
 
 )trg, n., mountain-range 
 ©ebrcmd), m., use 
 gebrciudjlid), usual 
 ©eburtStag, m., birthday 
 ©ebdchtuifj, n., memory 
 ©ebanfe, m., thought 
 gcbanfenoott, thoughtful 
 ©ebrdnge, n., crowd 
 ©efaljr,/., danger 
 gefdfyiltd), dangerous 
 @cf alien, m., favor 
 gefallen, to please 
 ©efangenfdjaft,/., captivity 
 ©efdngntfc, n., prison 
 gegen, against 
 ©efyetmnifj, n., secret 
 gel)en, to go 
 ©el) or, n., hearing 
 gefyovfam, obedient 
 ©etge,/., fiddle , 
 ©eift, m., mind 
 geldufig, current 
 gelb, yellow 
 ©etb, n., money 
 gelingen, to succeed 
 gemetnfam, common 
 ©emetnfdjaft,/., community 
 ©emiife, n., vegetables 
 genug, enough 
 geniigen, to suffice 
 gerabe, straight 
 ©erebe, n., talking 
 ©erud), m., smell 
 ©efang, m., song 
 gefdjefyen, to happen 
 gefdjtcft, skillful 
 @efd)td)te,/., history 
 ©efd)ma(f, m., taste 
 gefdjmad'fcoE, elegant 
 @.efd)ft)ifter (pi), brothers and sisters 
 ©efellfd)aft, /., company 
 ©efytele, m., play-fellow 
 ©efpott, n., mockery 
 ©etyrcid), n., conversation 
 geftehen, to confess 
 geftem, yesterday 
 
 ©eftrdudj, n., shrubbery 
 
 gefunb, healthy 
 
 ©efimbfyett, /., health 
 
 ©etbfe, n., noise 
 
 ©eroatt, /., force 
 
 getualtfam, violent 
 
 gennfj, certain 
 
 ©tft, n., poison 
 
 giftig, venomous 
 
 ©lan^, m. , splendor 
 
 gtdn^en, to glitter 
 
 ©lag, n., glass 
 
 @(afer, m., glazier 
 
 glatt, smooth 
 
 glauben, to believe 
 
 gleiten, to slip 
 
 ©IM, n., fortune 
 
 gliicflid), happy 
 
 ©olb, n., gold 
 
 golben, golden 
 
 ©rab, n., grave 
 
 ©raben, m., ditch 
 
 graben, to dig 
 
 ®ra§, n., grass 
 
 grafen, to graze 
 
 ©ret§, m., old man 
 
 grob, coarse 
 
 grofj, large 
 
 ©rofee, /., greatness 
 
 ©rofctoater, m., grandfather 
 
 grim, green 
 
 ©runb, m., ground 
 
 ©unfl, /., favor 
 
 ©unfiling, m., favorite 
 
 ©ur!e, /. , cucumber 
 
 g»t, good 
 
 ©iite, /., kindness 
 
 giittg, kind 
 
 gutmutbig, good-natured 
 
 Ijabe (Pres,), have 
 fyabt (Pres.), have 
 £ade, /., hoe 
 £>afer, w., oats 
 §aljn, m., cock 
 
— 109 
 
 i, /., heath 
 tjalb, half 
 £>alm, m., stalk 
 £>al3, m., neck 
 jammer, m., hammer 
 tyimmern, to hammer 
 Jpanb, /., hand 
 £aubjd)uf), m., glove 
 Sxinbruerfer, m., mechanic 
 £anf, w., hemp 
 Ijart, hard 
 
 Ijarttjergig, hardhearted 
 $drg, 7i., rosin 
 Ijajd)en, to seize 
 £>afe, m., hare 
 ^afelmifj, /., hazel-nut 
 "haft (Pres.), hast, (have) 
 Ijtifclid), ugly 
 l)dt (Pres.), has 
 Tjatte (Imp.), had 
 fatten (Imp), had 
 £aube, /., bonnet 
 £>aupt, n., head 
 §ou§, 7i., house 
 £>aitt, /., hide 
 heben, to raise 
 £ebel, 7n., lever 
 §cft, n., book 
 §etnrid), ??*., Henry 
 I)ei§, hot 
 
 hetfjen, to be called 
 hetfjer, hotter 
 §elb, m., hero 
 £ef bin, /. , heroine 
 l)elfen, to help 
 tytl, bright 
 £elm, m., helmet 
 £emb, n. , shirt 
 -Jperr, m., gentleman 
 tjerrjdjen, to rule 
 -ipeq, n., heart 
 £en, n., hay 
 heudjeln, to dissemble 
 §eud)tcr, ra., hypocrite 
 beulen, to howl 
 hitft (Pres.), helps 
 
 §imbeere, /., raspberry 
 
 btmmelblau, azure 
 
 binbern, to hinder 
 
 £>inbenujj, n., impediment 
 
 bintergeben, to deceive 
 
 §tr fd), m., stag 
 
 -iptrt, m., shepherd 
 
 -fnrttn, /. , shepherdess 
 
 £t£e, /., heat 
 
 §obcl, m., plane 
 
 bod), high 
 
 hocb,miitbtg, haughty 
 
 bbrfjft, highly 
 
 § of, 7?i., yard 
 
 boffen, to hope 
 
 bbfltd), polite 
 
 -£>oflid)fett, /., courtesy 
 
 £of)e, /., height 
 
 bob,er, higher 
 
 .Jpofyfe, /., cavern 
 
 fjofen, to fetch 
 
 §olj, n., wood 
 
 bol^ern, wooden 
 
 l)ord)en, to listen 
 
 Ijoren, to hear 
 
 ijiibjcb, pretty 
 
 §uf, m., hoof 
 
 §utfe, /., help 
 
 biilfloS, helpless 
 
 §unb, m., dog 
 
 Apnt, 7?i., hat 
 
 §utte, /., hut 
 
 £t)ane, /., hyena 
 
 id), I 
 
 tfjr, her, their 
 
 ibre, her, their 
 
 3b,re, your (Sing, and Plur.) 
 
 tfjrige, his, hers 
 
 im, in the 
 
 immer, always 
 
 in, in 
 
 3>nbalt, m., contents 
 
 3n(anb, n., inland 
 
 innen, inside 
 
110 — 
 
 inner, inner 
 
 3nfd)rift, /., inscription 
 
 Statiener, m., Italian 
 
 tft (Pres.), is 
 
 ja, yes 
 
 3agb,/., hunting 
 
 jagen, to hunt 
 
 3ager, m., hunter 
 
 3al)r, n., year 
 
 3at)ri)itnbert, n., century 
 
 jaljrttd), yearly 
 
 je, ever 
 
 jeber, every 
 
 Sebermann, everybody 
 
 3etnanb, anybody 
 
 jene, that 
 
 jener, that 
 
 jene§, that 
 
 \zfyt, now 
 
 3ot)ann, m., John 
 
 3of)anni§becre, /., currant 
 
 3ube, m., Jew 
 
 tung, young 
 
 3iingting, m., young man 
 
 jiingft, lately 
 
 $aff ee, m. , coffee 
 $aifeu, m.\ emperor 
 $alb, n. calf 
 $albfletfdj, n., veal 
 fait, cold 
 falter, colder 
 mitt,/., cold 
 $amin, n., chimney 
 lamtn, m., comb 
 $am£f, m., struggle 
 fann (Pres.J, can 
 $aW)e, /., cap 
 tatoffet, /., potato 
 .ffdfe, m., cheese 
 ,fa£e, /., cat 
 fanfen, to buy 
 f aufen ©te ? do you buy ? 
 $aufmann, m., merchant 
 $eim, m., germ 
 
 fetn, no, not a, not any 
 
 feme, no, not a, not any 
 
 feiner, no, not a, not any 
 
 teller, m., cellar 
 
 fennen, to know 
 
 $effef, m., boiler 
 
 $Lnb, n., child 
 
 ^inbhett, /., childhood 
 
 ftnbltd), childlike 
 
 ^ird)e, /., church 
 
 &irfd)e, /, cherry 
 
 liar, clear 
 
 $Ieib, n., dress 
 
 flein, small 
 
 fleinigfett, /., trifle 
 
 fltmmen, to climb 
 
 flopfert, to knock 
 
 $nabe, m., boy 
 
 $nall, m. , clap 
 
 $ned)t, m., man-servant, servant 
 
 fnecf)tifd), slavish 
 
 $nte, n., knee 
 
 fnitpfen, to knit 
 
 $od), m., cook 
 
 fodjen, to boil 
 
 $od)tn, /., (female) cook 
 
 £'ol)(, m., cabbage 
 
 fommen, to come 
 
 $o£f, to., head 
 
 $orb, to., basket 
 
 ^'orf, to. cork 
 
 $orn, n., corn 
 
 f often, to cost 
 
 foftfpielig, expensive 
 
 frdd^en, to croak 
 
 toft,/., strength 
 
 $ram£f, to., spasm. 
 
 franf, sick 
 
 $ranfl)eit, /., illness 
 
 $rang, to., wreath 
 
 $reb§, to., crab 
 
 $ret§, to., circle 
 
 f reuj, n., cross 
 
 $rieg, to., war 
 
 $rteger, to., warrior 
 
 friegerifd), warlike 
 
 
— Ill — 
 
 $itd)e, /., kitchen 
 $nchen, to., cake 
 $ lifer, to., cooper 
 $nf), /., cow 
 futjl, cool 
 
 Oinbe, /., knowledge 
 tfnnft, /., art 
 Hiinftler, m., artist 
 fuv], short 
 fiiqer, shorter 
 
 ladjcn, to laugh 
 Iad)em, to smile 
 Sage, /., condition 
 Samm, n., lamb 
 Sanb, 72., land, country 
 Sanbfcbaft, /., landscape 
 long, long 
 Scinge, /., length 
 Icinger, longer ' ' 
 Icings, along 
 Idngft, long ago 
 langtneilig, tedious 
 Sarm, to., noise 
 Safr, /., burden 
 Sanf, to., course 
 Sange, /., lye 
 la listen, to listen 
 laut, loud 
 leben, to live 
 Section, /., lesson 
 Seber, n., leather 
 leer, empty 
 tegen, to lay 
 lefyren, to teach 
 Sebrer, to,, teacher 
 Settling, to., apprentice 
 fefyrreid), instructive 
 leicbt, light 
 leiben, to suffer 
 Seinroanb, /., linen 
 Sercbe, /., lark 
 lernen, to learn 
 lefen, to read 
 Sid)t, n., light 
 
 Iteb, dear 
 tteben, to love 
 itebenSttriirbig, amiable 
 Steb, n., song 
 fieft (Pres.), reads 
 Sob, n., praise 
 toben, to praise 
 Sod), n., hole 
 Soffef, m., spoon 
 SooS, n., lot 
 lofdjen, to extinguish 
 Some, to., lion 
 Soltmt, /., lioness 
 Subttug, to., Lewis 
 Suft,/., air 
 Snft, /. , pleasure 
 
 2)1. 
 
 mad)en, to make 
 
 9)cad)t, /., power 
 
 m«d)ttg, mighty 
 
 Sftabchen, n., girl 
 
 Sttagb, /. , servant-girl 
 
 9)cagen, to., stomach 
 
 tyla'i, vi., May 
 
 mahlen, to grind 
 
 mat, times 
 
 malen, to paint, to be painting 
 
 93Mer, to., painter 
 
 man, one 
 
 2Jcann, to., man 
 
 Mantel, to., cloak 
 
 2Jtorte, /., Mary 
 
 Sftarft, to., market 
 
 9)carftf)au§, n., market-homse 
 
 9Jcarmor, to., marble 
 
 SJcarfd), to., march 
 
 SJccirj, to., March 
 
 SD'tofi, to., mast 
 
 SDcatrofe, to., sailor 
 
 matt, weak, weary 
 
 2Jtouer, /., wall 
 
 SJcautbeerbaum, to., mulberry-tree 
 
 9Jcaurer, to., mason 
 
 9Jcau§, /., mouse 
 
 Sfteer, n., sea 
 
112 
 
 tnebr, more 
 
 9fteile, /., mile 
 
 meiit, my 
 
 meine, my 
 
 in e in en, to mean 
 
 mettuge, mine 
 
 meift, most 
 
 9J£eiJ3c(, to., chisel 
 
 meifterbaft, masterly 
 
 Sftetfterftiid:, n., masterpiece 
 
 SWenfd), to., man 
 
 9ftenfd)cnt>erftanb, to., common 
 
 Hftenfd)l)ett, /., mankind 
 
 Sfteffer, n., knife 
 
 gjMatl, »., metal 
 
 mid), me 
 
 miti),f., milk 
 
 tttttb, mild 
 
 mifd)cn, to mix 
 
 nttfjbraudjen, to abuse 
 
 mijjfaflen, to displease 
 
 Sftiggriff, to., mistake 
 
 ntiftgihtfttg, grudging 
 
 ntit, with 
 
 SKitqtieb, n., member 
 
 Sfttttetb, n., pity 
 
 Sftonat, to., month 
 
 2ftonb, to., moon 
 
 2J2onbfd)ein, to., moonshine 
 
 9)?oo3, n., moss 
 
 •OMorb, to., murder 
 
 morgen, to-morrow 
 
 miibe, tired 
 
 •Jftiibigfeit, /•, weariness 
 
 9J£iil)e, /., trouble 
 
 2Kiihle,/., mill 
 
 SDMifal, /., distress 
 
 tttiihfeltg, painful 
 
 SQfiiflcr, to., miller 
 
 •JDZunb, to., mouth 
 
 ntunter, gay 
 
 murren, to grumble 
 
 miifjtg, idle 
 
 SOftitt), to., courage 
 
 SDhitter, /., mother 
 
 Sftiitje, /., cap 
 
 5*. 
 
 nadj, after 
 
 JRadjbar, to., neighbor 
 
 9?ad)rid)t, /., news 
 
 9?ad)t, /., night 
 
 ltacft, naked 
 
 Sfabel, /., needle 
 
 nat), near 
 
 ncifyen, to come near 
 
 ncitjen, to sew 
 
 ■iftame, to., name 
 
 rwjj, wet 
 
 9?affe, /., moisture 
 j Nation, /., nation 
 1 nebft, beside 
 | necfen, to tease 
 i nebmen, to take 
 jnein, no 
 
 Sftelfe, /., pink 
 
 nennen, to name 
 
 itett, neat 
 
 9?e£, n., net 
 
 nen, new 
 
 neun, nine 
 
 utdjt, not 
 
 9?td)te, /., niece 
 
 md)t8, nothing 
 
 lite, never 
 
 mcrnafS, never 
 
 9?iemanb, nobody 
 
 m, to., Nile 
 
 tlimm (Imper.J, take 
 
 nimmer, never 
 
 nod), still 
 
 9?otc, /., note 
 
 9?otb, /., need 
 
 nbtljtg, necessary 
 
 Summer, /., number 
 
 nun, now 
 
 nur, only 
 
 9?ufe, /., nut 
 
 nii^lid), useful 
 
 ©♦ 
 
 ob, if 
 ober, upper 
 
— 113 — 
 
 oberft, uppermost 
 
 Ob ft, 77?., fruit 
 
 Od)3, m., ox 
 
 obcr, or 
 
 Cfcn, m., stove 
 
 off en, open 
 
 offcnbar, evident 
 
 offnen, to open 
 
 oft, often 
 
 Offt, n., ear 
 
 Curving, m., earring 
 
 Del, n., oil 
 
 Delbaum, m., olive-tree 
 
 Dntel, m., uncle 
 
 orbnen, to arrange 
 
 tyaav, n., pair 
 papier, n., paper 
 $arf, m., park 
 \J3efg, tti., fur 
 ^pfab, to., path 
 <j3fau, tti., peacock 
 $fet(, to., arrow 
 ^ferb, n., horse 
 ^flaume, /., plum 
 pftegen, to nurse 
 <PfKd)t, /., duty 
 ^fhifl, m., plough 
 pfliigen, to plow 
 <pfnnb, «., pound 
 *j>lan, m., plan 
 s 4$Ia£, 77i., place 
 ^ot, in., pole 
 spring, 77i., prince 
 ^3ul§, 7?i., pulse 
 ^uppe, /., doll 
 ^t)ramibe, /., pyramid 
 
 &< 
 
 dual, /. , torment 
 Ouelle, /., spring 
 quer, across 
 
 91. 
 
 'Slab, »., wheel 
 
 9frmb, 771., edge 
 
 $atf), m., advice 
 
 ratten, to advise 
 
 Slatbbaug, n., city-hall 
 
 $citt)fef, ii., riddle 
 
 jftatte, /., rat 
 
 raub, rough 
 
 recbi, right 
 
 reben, to speak, to talk 
 
 rebfelig, talkative 
 
 9fagen, m., rain 
 
 regteren, to reign 
 
 regnen, to rain 
 
 Sftet), 7z., roe 
 
 reid), rich 
 
 reidjer, richer 
 
 Sfteicbtbum, m., wealth 
 
 reif, ripe 
 
 rein, pure, clean 
 
 reinigen, to purify, to clean 
 
 SRetfe, /., travel 
 
 reiten, to ride 
 
 better, tti., rider 
 
 9ieiterei, /., cavalry 
 
 rennen, to run 
 
 riedjen, to smell 
 
 richtig, right 
 
 Piemen, to., strap 
 
 SKtnb, n., cattle 
 
 9?ing, tti., ring 
 
 rings, around 
 
 SRtnne, /., gutter 
 
 9Jocf, to., coat 
 
 rob, rude 
 
 9?ol)beit, /., rudeness 
 
 $ofe, /., rose 
 
 9?oft, m., rust 
 
 rotl), red 
 
 rotben, to redden 
 
 Sftotljfeblcben, n., redbreast 
 
 rbtb(td), reddish 
 
 Sftiibe, /., turnip 
 
 Sftiiden, tti., back 
 
 jjtuber, n., oar 
 
— 114 
 
 rufett, to call 
 rubtg, calm 
 riif)'men, to praise 
 rimb, round 
 
 ©aat, to, hall 
 ©oat, /., seed 
 ©acf, to., bag 
 fciert, to sow 
 ©aft, to., juice 
 ©age, /., saw 
 fagen, to say 
 ©aite, /. , string 
 ©atat, to., salad 
 ©atj, n., salt 
 fatten, to salt 
 jalijig, saltish 
 ©ammet, m., velvet 
 ©anb, to., sand 
 fanbtg, sandy 
 
 ©attbttiiifte, /., sandy desert 
 ©ottfer, to., saddler 
 fduerlid), sour 
 ©du(e, /., pillar 
 ©aum, to., seam 
 fdjaben, to hurt, to injure 
 ©cbaf, n., sheep 
 @d)dfer, to., shepherd 
 fcbarf, sharp 
 fdjarfeit, to sharpen 
 fd)dt^en, to esteem, to value 
 ©cfjeere, /., scissors 
 fdjetnen, to seem 
 ©d)elm, to., fellow, rogue 
 ©d)erg, to., jest 
 ©d)eune, /., barn 
 jrfjtcfen, to send 
 ©d)iefertofel, /., slate 
 ©d)tlb, to., shield 
 fdjimpfen, to scold 
 ©d)tad)t, /., battle 
 fd)(ad)ten, to slaughter 
 ©d)laf, to., sleep 
 fd)lafen, to sleep 
 fd)laft (Pres.J, sleeps 
 
 ©d)Iafetmmer, n., bedroom 
 
 ©djlange, /., snake 
 
 fd)ted)t,' bad 
 
 ©d)led)ttg!ett, /., badness 
 
 fd)(eifen, to grind 
 
 ©djletfftein, to., grindstone 
 
 fdjitefcen, to shut, to lock 
 
 ©d)loJ3, n., lock, castle 
 
 ©chloffer, to., locksmith 
 
 ©d) tuff el, m., key 
 
 fd)inal, narrow 
 
 fchmecfen, to taste 
 
 fd)metd)eU)aft, nattering 
 
 fdjiuerjen, to pain 
 
 ©djrnieb, to., smith 
 
 fcfymiicfen, to adorn 
 
 ftt^mu^ig, dirty 
 
 ©djneebali, to., snow-ball 
 
 ©djneefturm, to., snow-storm 
 
 ©djneiber, to., tailor 
 
 ©dmitt, to., cut 
 
 ©d)tmr, /., string 
 
 fd)0H, already 
 
 fdjonen, to spare 
 
 fd)btt, beautiful, fine 
 
 jd)bner, finer 
 
 ©d)bnt)ett, /., beauty 
 
 ©d)ranf, to., cupboard 
 
 fdiretben, to write 
 
 ©djretber, to , writer 
 
 ©d)reibl)eft, n., copy-book 
 
 ©d)retner, to., joiner 
 |©d)rtft, /., writing 
 
 @d)riftftettcr, to., author 
 
 ©d)ritt, to., step 
 
 ©d)iib, to., shoe 
 i ©d)llf)mad)er, to., shoemaker 
 ; ©d)Utb, /., debt, guilt 
 
 fd)utbig, guilty 
 
 ©dntlDner, to., debtor 
 
 ©djiiler, to., scholar 
 
 ©tfjulfyauS, w, school-house 
 
 ©d)iirje, /., apron 
 
 ©cfjufc, to., shot 
 
 ©djiiffet, /., dish 
 
 fd)it^en^ to protect 
 
115 
 
 fdjroad), weak 
 
 ©djloiidje, /., weakness 
 
 ©d) 100115, m., tail 
 
 ©dnoetle, /., threshold 
 
 fd)loeu, hard, severe, heavy 
 
 fduuerer, more difficult 
 
 jdjiuertid), hardly 
 
 ©d)loert, «., sword 
 
 ©d)iocftcr, /., sister 
 
 fcdjS, six 
 
 feljen, to see 
 
 jeljr, very 
 
 feib (Pres.), are 
 
 ©eibe, /., silk 
 
 feib en, silken 
 
 ©cifc, /., soap 
 
 @eil, 7i., rope 
 
 fern, to be 
 
 fern, his, its 
 
 ©ettc, /., side, page 
 
 fetten, rare 
 
 ©ettenfyeit, /., rarity 
 
 ©enf, to., mustard 
 
 fe^cn, to set 
 
 fcufjctt, to moan 
 
 fidjev, sure 
 
 ftdjertid), surely 
 
 ftc, she, they 
 
 ©ic, you 
 
 ©ttber, n., silver 
 
 ©hn§, n., cornice 
 
 flub (Pres.), are 
 
 ftngen, to sing 
 
 ©inn, to., sense 
 
 ©i£, to., seat 
 
 ftfeeit, to sit 
 
 jo, as, so 
 
 ©ot)n, to,, son 
 
 ©obndjett, n., little son 
 
 ©olbat, to., soldier 
 
 ©omie, /., sun 
 
 ©onnenaufgang, to., sunrise 
 
 f org en, to care 
 
 ©parget, to., asparagus 
 
 ©paft, to., jest 
 
 fpcit, late 
 
 ©pteget, to,, mirror 
 ©ptelbatl, to., play-ball 
 fpieten, to play 
 ©pieter, to., performer 
 ©pietpla^, to., play-ground 
 fpifc, pointed 
 fpotten, to mock 
 ©pradje, /., language 
 fprecbcn, to speak 
 ©pren, /., chaff 
 fpl'td) (Fmper.), speak 
 jpringcn, to leap 
 ©pmd), to., sentence 
 ©prung, to,, leap 
 ©tadjetbeere, /., gooseberry 
 ©tabt, /., city 
 ©tal)t, to., steel 
 ©tat(, to., stable 
 ftarf, strong 
 ©ttirfe, /., strength 
 ftdrfen, to strengthen 
 fteljen, to stand 
 ftetf, stiff 
 ©tein, to., stone 
 ©telle, /., place 
 ftellen, to place 
 fterben, to die 
 fttcfen, to embroider 
 ©tiefel, to., boot 
 fttU, still 
 
 ©tocf, to., stick, cane 
 ©tord), to., stork 
 ©trafte, /., street 
 ©trtdi, to., stroke 
 ©trid 5 , to. , rope 
 ftricfen, to knit 
 ©trot), n., straw- 
 Strom, to., stream 
 ©trumpf, to., stocking 
 ©tube, /., room 
 ftubtren, to study 
 ©tut)t, to., chair 
 ©tiit)td)en, n., little chair 
 ftumm, mute 
 ftumpf, dull 
 ©tunbe, /., hour 
 
116 
 
 <Stitrmtt>inb, m., gale 
 (Sturj, m., fall 
 ftiiqcn, to fall 
 fudjcn, to seek 
 ©uppe, /., soup 
 fiifj, sweet 
 
 ©iifjtgfett, /., sweetness 
 fufjtid), sweetish 
 
 tabeln, to blame 
 
 Sag, m., day 
 
 tcigtid), daily 
 
 Salg, m., tallow 
 
 Sonne, /., fir 
 
 Sante, /., aunt 
 
 Sanj, m., dance 
 
 tanjcn, to dance 
 
 Sanger, m., dancer 
 
 tapfer, brave 
 
 Safdjenmeffer, n., pocket-knife 
 
 Saffe, /., cup 
 
 tanb, deaf 
 
 Saube, /., pigeon 
 
 Seig, m., dough 
 
 Seller, m., plato 
 
 Sfyee, m., tea 
 
 tljeiicr, dear 
 
 Sbier, n., animal 
 
 Sbor, n., gate 
 
 Sfyor, m., fool 
 
 Sborbeit, /., foolishness 
 
 Sbrane, /., tear 
 
 tljun, to do 
 
 Stjur, Sbitre, /., door 
 
 Sl)urm, t??., tower 
 
 ttef, deep 
 
 Stefe, /., depth 
 
 Sigcr, m., tiger 
 
 Stfd), 77i., table 
 
 Socbter, /., daughter 
 
 Sob, 77i., death 
 
 tobt, dead 
 
 tobten, to kill 
 
 toll, mad 
 
 Son, 7??., tone 
 
 So^f, m., pot 
 
 tofen, to roar 
 
 trage, lazy 
 
 tragen, to carry 
 
 trcigcr, lazier 
 
 trcigt (Pres.), carries 
 
 Sraube, /., grape 
 
 Sraum, tti., dream 
 
 Src^^e,/., staircase 
 
 treten, to tread 
 
 tren, faithful 
 
 Sveue, /., faithfulness 
 
 treuloS, faithless 
 
 Sreulofigfeit, /., faithlessness 
 
 trtnfen, to drink 
 
 Srttt, 77i., step 
 
 SrunI, 77i., drink 
 
 Sud}, re., cloth 
 
 Sufye, /., tulip 
 
 Uebet, n., evil 
 itbernebtnen, to undertake 
 iiberrafeben, to surprise 
 iiberreben, to persuade 
 uberfd)U)emmen, to overflow 
 iiberfetjen, to overlook 
 Uebevfeljitng, /., translation 
 iiberfteigen, to surpass 
 iibertreiben, to exaggerate 
 iiberttrinben, to overcome 
 Ufer, 7i., shore 
 Ufyr, /. , watch, o'clock 
 um, around 
 umbringen, to kill 
 Utnfang, m., circumference 
 llmgang, m., intercourse 
 umgeben, to surround 
 umgeben, to avoid 
 Umfef)V, /., return 
 umfommen, to perish 
 Umftanb, ro., circumstance 
 unanfmerffam, inattentive 
 unbefdjreibttd), indescribable 
 unbemofynbar, uninhabitable 
 
— 117 — 
 
 imb, and 
 
 Unbanf, m., ingratitude 
 
 unbulbiam, intolerant 
 
 uiteiiblld), infinite 
 
 llnglutf, n., misfortune 
 
 ungliiciiid), unhappy 
 
 uiigliicflichfte, unhappiest 
 
 Unfraut, n., weed 
 
 Unrcd)t, n., wrong 
 
 im$, us 
 
 Uli(d)iifb, /, innocence 
 
 unfer, our 
 
 unfere, our 
 
 Uiifinn, vi., nonsense 
 
 intjrtge, ours 
 
 unter, lower 
 
 imterbred)en, to interrupt 
 
 untcrbriicfen, to suppress 
 
 unterfyalten, to entertain 
 
 untertjanbeln, to negotiate 
 
 unterfdjeiben, to distinguish 
 
 linteridjreiben, to subscribe 
 
 unterft, lowest 
 
 linterftii^en, to support 
 
 unterfudjen, to examine 
 
 lmterttjetjen, to instruct 
 
 untertuerfen, to subdue 
 
 uralt, very old 
 
 Urgro§mutter, /., great-grandmother 
 
 Urfunbe, /., document 
 
 Urfprnng, m., origin 
 
 Urttjetf, n., judgment 
 
 SSater, m., father 
 SBeUcfrert, n., violet 
 Uerddjtttcrj, contemptible 
 nerdnbent, to change 
 Derbieten, to forbid 
 2>erbred)en, n., crime 
 23erbred)er, «., criminal 
 Serbienft, n., merit 
 33erbruJ3, m., anger 
 Oeretnen, to unite 
 toerettetn, to frustrate 
 oergeffen, to forget 
 
 9ScrqiJ3meinmd)t, n, forget-me-not 
 
 SJerfauf, m., sale 
 
 oerfaufen, to sell 
 
 SSedangen, n., demand 
 
 oerfangen, to ask 
 
 Perlcingera, to lengthen 
 
 toertieren, to lose 
 
 SSerlufl, m., loss 
 
 oernetnen, to deny 
 
 Derntdjten, to annihilate 
 
 33erratf), m., treachery 
 
 93er§, m., verse 
 
 t>crfd)tucfen, to swallow 
 
 Dcrfdiveiben, to prescribe 
 
 Oerfdjutnben, to disappear 
 
 SSerfud), m., trial 
 
 SSertrag, m., treaty 
 
 better, m., cousin (m.) 
 
 SSteb, n., cattle 
 
 Diet, much 
 
 oiek, many 
 
 Dtelftiltig, manifold 
 
 tuefjfarbig, many-colored 
 
 Pier, four 
 
 25ogct, m., bird 
 
 33otI, n., people 
 
 Don, full 
 
 Dollbringen, to accomplish 
 
 Don, of, from 
 
 tior, before 
 
 SSorbang, m., curtain 
 
 33puratb, m., store 
 
 2Sorfa£, m., resolution 
 
 DortrcffUd), excellent 
 
 3&a6)e f /., watch 
 ttadjen, to watch 
 2Bad)S, n., wax 
 roaebfen, to grow 
 2Bad)3lidit, n., wax taper 
 tt>ad)ft (Pres.), grows 
 28ad)3tl)imt, n., growth 
 2Baffe, /-, weapon 
 2Sage, /., scale 
 tocigen, to weigh 
 
118 
 
 mtifylen, to choose 
 
 mal)V, true 
 
 2Bat)rt)ett, /., truth 
 
 mat)t1id), truly 
 
 SSatfe, /., orphan 
 
 SSalb, m., wood, forest 
 
 Stab, /., wall 
 
 ft) emit, when 
 
 mar (Imperf.), was 
 
 ID arm, warm 
 
 SBdrme, /., warmth 
 
 m arm en, to warm 
 
 ttmnten, to warn 
 
 marum, why 
 
 ma§, what 
 
 ttrnfetjen, to wash 
 
 SBaffer, n., water 
 
 mcifferig, watery 
 
 mecfeit, to awaken 
 
 2Beg, m., way 
 
 ft) eh, sore 
 
 metd), soft 
 
 SBetbe, /., pasture 
 
 tnetl, because 
 
 2Bem, m., wine 
 
 meitten, to weep 
 
 2Beingta§, n., wine-glass 
 
 tueije, wise 
 
 toetfefte, wisest 
 
 metfj, white 
 
 SBet^en, m., wheat 
 
 2Belt, /., world 
 
 menn, if 
 
 men, whom 
 
 mentg, little 
 
 mer, who 
 
 it) erf en, to throw 
 
 SBerf, n., work 
 
 SSegpe, /., wasp 
 
 Sffiefte, /., vest 
 
 mtberfabren, to happen 
 
 SBtberfprud), m., contradiction 
 
 miberftefyen, to resist 
 
 mie, how, as 
 
 SSttt)etm, m., William 
 
 9Stnb, m., wind 
 
 minien, to nod 
 mil*, we 
 
 2Btrt£), m., landlord 
 Sit'tt)§l)au§, n., tavern 
 mtfefyen, to wipe 
 mi[[en, to know 
 2Biffenfd)aft, /., science 
 mo, where 
 2Bod)e, /., week 
 2BohjtI]au§, n., dwelling 
 2Bo(f, m. , wolf 
 2Me, /., wool 
 2Bort, n., word 
 ttmnb, sore 
 SBunbe, /., wound 
 miinfefyen, to desire 
 SBurm, m., worm 
 
 3* 
 
 jaf), tough 
 
 gat) (en, to pay 
 
 jciJjlen, to count 
 
 galjttt, tame 
 
 3 at) it, w., tooth 
 
 Bange, /., tongs 
 
 3 an!, w., quarrel 
 
 gart, tender 
 
 garflid), tender 
 
 3artUd)tett, /., tenderness 
 
 $aun, m., fence 
 
 gebtt, ten 
 
 getcfynen, to draw 
 
 geigen, to point 
 
 3etger, m., pointer 
 
 getle,/., line 
 
 Beit, /., time 
 
 gelt, n., tent 
 
 gerbreefcen, to break to pieces 
 
 jer fatten, to fall to pieces 
 
 gerretften, to tear to pieces 
 
 gerf tiring en, to burst 
 
 gerftoren, to destroy 
 
 geugen, to witness 
 
 geugntft, n., testimony 
 
 Btege, /., goat 
 
 gtefyen, to draw 
 
jtelen, to aim 
 
 jiereu, to decorate 
 
 3ieverei, /., affectation 
 
 3immer, n., room 
 
 .*3im inermann, to., carpenter 
 
 jo gent, to hesitate 
 
 3oni, to., anger 
 
 \a, to, too 
 
 jnfriebcn, satisfied 
 
 $ufriebener, more contented 
 
 3ug, to., draft 
 
 119 
 
 ^ufunft, /., future 
 £unge,/., tongue 
 ^uftcmb, m., condition 
 3iuerf, to., aim 
 jroet, two 
 ,,it>ette, second 
 jroetfedt, to doubt 
 ,3toetg, to., bough, brancJ? 
 3roiebel, /., onion 
 ,Stt>irn, w., thread 
 jroolf, twelve 
 
— 120 — 
 Some uncommon Styles of Type. 
 
 
 (Borussian Bold Face.) 
 
 
 Ha JU 
 
 «c Dd €c J>f 6 H 
 
 Afi 3 i 
 
 3j Afc 
 
 £ ( Mm In © o $ p 
 
 %K\ He 
 
 cS f $ It 
 
 In \)v Mw Kx |Jtj 
 £udroig und J-'ruiij find gnte Jtnafien. 
 
 (Condensed Black.) 
 
 3 5 
 
 &* S» 
 
 « * S d « t J f 
 
 ^0 «** 
 
 H li 
 
 $ fc f I p m fit 
 
 #0 |p 
 
 «N 
 
 »t <£* fct 1« 
 Ww J* ly £s 
 
 .n» 
 
 §j»jf g fttA ist tin SChitt, Ait ^osst not* ist tint Hlmnt. 
 
 
 (Teutonic. ) 
 
 
 Jl« $6 
 
 §c pb £e £f 
 
 #fl $0 
 
 ?i Si 
 
 £R £t Wm fn 
 
 ©o ^p 
 
 @q 
 
 %x £fs ft 9 it 
 Pip £* ^i> ^5 
 
 ^t> 
 
 
 J)te fTetgigen ^inber (SaBen ttnmet xeine ^ufyex. 
 
 (Fancy Text.) 
 
 \ ■ \\ h i\ it i« *« 
 
 * >;* 4<i f» $* 4« %* 
 
 f, ft $* |a $* 
 
— 121 — 
 
 (Borussian.) 
 
 &l Ic Id fte If «g 
 li Ij JU it #« Jin 
 |p In Jit $fs It . ttu 
 
 
 
 1 id X x I ij S 5 
 
 3)ie ferai fielW deti JSouig fe&t. 
 
 (Franklin Text.) 
 
 | a Bi tc % i Ei( Ff 1^0 
 
 1 1. U Ij Ek } I g* §» 
 
 to i> j, § { J^ v | « f I X » 
 
 $ » H iu | x | | B x 
 
 (Composite.) 
 
 a a 33 6 (It D& «e ,ff 
 
 %$ coo at 3j au cr 
 
 mm-ttn Do JT p Uq ,)ir 
 Sfs St Hit Uo Ttfto £f 
 
 TUtr rooljfim auf &em Ccui&e, 
 
— 122 — 
 (Title Text.) 
 
 %n l|t 4, $ d % t ^ fl 
 
 4 o %* fi # j i k if I 
 
 ^|illirlii| itt ||r«te, Raiser soij, ^enteqhlanil. 
 
 (Gothic.) 
 
 iPer ©ntario-Sec ifl fdjr ttef. 
 
 (Arabesque. ) 
 
 &4 ^f) 6e £d £e Ff 
 
 3$h) $*) 0o fp $q i{i* 
 §S ff Hq Mb MJto Xx 
 
 f^tyicleif) $ii}d it) -BiecjypfeKj. 
 
 (Composite Condensed.) 
 
 ^ feljtgoii Mr plitat.