LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ,y'f lass ^O 2\j VJl PRKSENTKI) UY HISTORY of The Eighty-Sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry By Joseph Nelson Ashburn Late Private of Company A Nineteen Hundred and Nine Cleveland, Ohio THE A. S. GILMAN PRINTING CO. Cleveland, Ohio eifi Avithot i This Volume is Lovingly Dedicated to the Com- rades of the Eighty-Sixth Regiment, 0. V. /., Their Wives, Widows and Descendants. COLONEL WILSON G. LEMERT Photogratthed 1S63 OUR COLONEL Illustrating how sraoefully a Rood soldier grows old Photographed 1908 Foreword This unpretentious history of the movements and achievements of the Eighty-Sixth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in our late Civil War, was conceived in the conviction that it is a debt of honor due to our children and friends, whose solici- tude for, and care of us, have ever been sponta- neously and lovingly bestowed. Remembrance of us and our martial experiences is their natural heri- tage, and prompted by this feeling we hand them this bit of war history out of our lives, in shape and condition that will best insure its preservation. The knowledge necessary to weave this history into a connected web comes directly from Camp, Field and Fray. It is copied from our memories, from old pocket diaries which were carried safely through our campaign from muster-in to muster- out, from souvenirs gathered by the way and now treasured at home as silent witnesses, and by cor- roborations dragged out of the musty archives now stored in the Adjutant General's oflSce at Wash- ington and Columbus. These sources give reli- History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment ability, but entire completeness would require the autobiography of every comrade in the regiment. Nixon B. Stewart well says, ''When a soldier dies, there is a historian lost. ' ' On the blank pages of this book note down anecdotes and incidents which your memories still retain, and thus nail them fast to our history. Be they sad or be they sunny, jot them down and make your volume that much more complete for you and yours. When you learn of the death of a comrade, turn to the roster and star his name with a soldier's reverence. Photographs of Field Officers and Captains have been carefully reproduced in this work as far as they could be secured, and we regret that every comrade in turning these leaves, cannot enjoy meeting his Captain's features of 45 years agone. We have done the best we could, and trust the re- sult may be commended. The author acknowledges kind and prompt assistance from the Regimental Society gen- erally, and from some noble compatriots of a younger generation who have shown their ap- preciation of the ''Old Guard" by the unsolicited contribution of the time, means and labor neces- sary to bring this book to successful completion. Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 Let us always remember that when we meet Charles B. Calder of Toledo, Arthur S. Gilman of Cleve- land, or Ora J. Fish of Cleveland, that we are in the presence of a loyal and tried friend of that ragged but victorious old army, and that we are proud to have their names grace the records of the Eighty-Sixth Regiment. J. N. ASHBURN. Cleveland, February 12, 1909. OUR REGIMENTAL FLAG Photographed November, 1908 We started with it from Camp Cleveland. It partook of all our wanderings, returning to the same camp at the end of the campaign, and was mustered out with us. There is little left of it except its glory and the sacred halo of its associations, which its followers ever recognize. HISTORY of the Eighty-Sixth Regiment O. V. I. There were two regiments of this number from Ohio during the Civil War. One was a tliree months' regiment, which was mustered out of ser- vice September 25, 1862; the other and later one, enlisted for six months, and was mustered out of the service February 10, 1864. The movements and accomplishments of this six months ' regiment is the subject of this narrative. It was organized July 14, 1863, with Field and Staff Officers as shown in the regimental roster in the back part of this book. Henry Douglas, Cap- tain of the 18th Infantry, U. S. A., had previously mustered into service the different companies with their commissioned officers. The company and regimental formations were effected at Camp Cleveland, which was located in the southern part of the City of Cleveland, on what was then known as ' ' University Heights, ' ' an elevation near to and overlooking the Cuyahoga River and its valley. Here the troops were quartered in wooden barracks until the moving of the regiment. 11 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment Judging from tJie iiiiniber of good officers who were willing to be its commander, this regiment was ceitainly a promising one. By a process of elimination, the contest finally centered around George B. Senter, Commander of the Cam}i, and George L. Hayward, both of Cleveland. The rivaliy being wann and spirited is worthy of record, and can best be presented to the reader by quoting from Colonel Lemert's letter to me of July 1, 1907, as follows : "The regiment was already assembled at Cleveland before I knew of its existence. Whilst it was in camp at Cleveland, its organization was obstructed by the rival candidacy for Colonelcy of Senter and Haj^ward. Govenor Tod would have appointed either, 'were t'other dear charmer away. ' **By opportune accident, I assisted Governor Tod at a war meeting at Mansfield, and addressed the Mothers of Soldiers, which pleased the Mother and the Governor. I had already served as 1st and 2d Lieutenant, Captain and Major. After the meeting was over, the Governor gave me tlie situation at Cleveland, and offered me the com- mand, which I willingly accepted. I requested his written order, but he remarked, ' It is unneces- 12 Ohio Volunteee Infantry, 18()3-()4 sary ; say to them Governor Tod sent you. ' Wlien I joined the Command at Cleveland, I found that whilst half of the regiment was opposed to Colonel Senter, and half was opposed to Hayward, that both halves were opposed to me. Therefore, I camped at the Weddell House, and remember it as the best camp of the campaign. A few days later the Governor ordered the candidates to Col- umbus, and there settled in my mind the advantage of having the Chief Executive on my side. Hay- ward was consoled by a commission as Lieutenant Colonel of the 129th 0. V. I., and Colonel Senter was left in command of the camp at Cleveland." At Camp Cleveland the different companies were drilled, uniformed, and equipped complete, except tents. We were armed with Austrian rifles fitted witli tri-cornered bayonets. Some of the barrels were bronzed and others were left bright. Those guns were servicable enough for drilling purposes, but not true to aim; the ball was erratic about landing on the target. The bore was 52, I think. On the 15th of July we were drawn up in regimental formation, and marched to the old Union Depot on the lake, near the mouth of the Cuyahoga River. From there we were taken to 13 HiSTOKY OF Eighty-Sixth Kegiment Columbus by the Cleveland & Columbus Railroad. That night we slept in the open— our first experi- ence in camping out. For a week the regiment occupied tents near the City Park, calling the place Camp Tod, after the Governor of our State. Then we moved four miles up the Scioto River where we dedicated a new camp in a nice grove of beautiful young oaks, maples and hickories. It extended along the right bank of the river, and was bounded on the op- posite side by the Columbus & Cincinnati Rail- road. We brought the name of our old camp with us, and the Governor rode out in his carriage and made us a fine speech as we stood at attention in solid formation. He complimented us on our neat and intelligent appearance, said he expected to hear a good report of us from the front, and seemed to lean upon us with such positive assurance that he at last had found the regiment which would surely crush the Rebellion, that we grew an inch in our tracks with heroic pride. This camp was one mile north of Camp Chase, and four miles northwest of the City of Columbus. Our routine duties at this time, may be gathered from the following order: ''Camp Tod, July 17, 1863 ; General Order No. 1. Reveille at 14 Ohio Volunteer Infantey, 1863-64 5 a. m. ; Company Drill, 5.30 to 6.30 ; Breafast at 7.00; Sick Call, 7.30; Policing Quarters, 7.30 to 8.00; 1st Sergeant's Call, 8.00; Officers' Drill, 8.00 to 9.00; Guard Mount, 9.00; Company Drill, 9.00 to 11.30; Dinner, 12 m.; Company Drill, 2.00 to 4.00 p. m.; Battalion Drill, 4.00 to 5.30; Dress Parade, 5.30 to 6.00; Company Drill, 6.30 to 7.30; Roll Call, 8.00; Tattoo, 8.45; Taps, 9.00. Signals will be sounded on the bugle." This order of the Colonel was observed, varied occasionally by double-quicking over to Camp Chase to help quell a riot, or rushing over to Columbus to prevent the disturbing element at Camp Chase from cross- ing the river and destroying a Vallandigham flag and some newspaper plant over which it floated. On Wednesday, July 22d, we were ordered to assist in the capture of the notorious raider chieftain. General John H. Morgan, and his fol- lowers, who had invaded the state from Indiana, 2,500 strong, but now reduced by death, capture and desertion to about one-third that number. Pursuant to General Burnside's direction from Cincinnati, Adjutant General Mason, through his Special Order No. 82, rushed us down to Zanes- ville by rail, where we arrived at 4 p. m. Our regiment established headquarters at the Stacy 15 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment House, bivouacked on the Muskingum County Fairground, and threw out several companies on roads commanding the city. The regiment was sent into the field in companies and parts of com- panies in search of the enemy. On the 23d com- panies C, D, E, G and H, under command of Lieut. Colonel McFarland went down the Muskingum River by boat. At Eaglesport the rebels were discovered crossing the river to the eastward. Then commenced a hot skirmish which detained a part of the Morgan forces about three hours. Of this skirmish, Captain Briggs of Com- pany H says: "We left the boat just before we reached the ford where the rebels were crossing, and under cover of the bank or a bend in the Mus- kingum, we landed without the enemy's knowledge. We struck the road leading back from the river about 300 yards from the landing, and creeping near the top of the ridge, waited for the Johnnies to come. The guide had assured Colonel McFar- land that they must come by us and could get out no other way. A premature discharge of one of our guns caused them to investigate, which re- sulted in their crossing a deep gully about 300 yards below where we were waiting for them. They were slow in crossing, but as fast as they 16 Ohio Volunteer Infantey, 1863-64 crossed, they formed and marched slowly east- ward along a rail fence. "I don't think more than 100 of them had crossed the gully when the Colonel ordered me to take my company out the road we had been guarding to where it struck the Zanesville road, to prevent them from going toward the city. But when they struck that point they turned south, both sides firing, and the firing becoming general along our road line down toward the river. We fired four or five volleys into them as the left of their column was making the turn, and then by the sug- gestion of our guide we double-quicked across to another turn in the road where they must pass. By keeping along a fence where bushes and briars grew thick, we reached the schoolhouse at the turn and attacked them as they were coming through a lane. At the first volley, men, horses and rails were pretty badly mixed. The enemy returned our fire, but as before, without effect. Altogether in this scrimmage we killed one of the enemy and wounded eight or ten. '^Company H returned to Zanesville by boat with the other companies who were already aboard, and remaining there until the final capture of the 17 LIEUT.-COL. McFARLAND MAJOR KRAUS Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 Morgan troops, assisted in guarding their officers to Cincinnati." The next day after this skirmish, Major Kraus with a detachment of us mounted at Cambridge, came up with the rear-guard of the enemy, entirely routing them and leaving two dead and four wounded without loss to us. From here on we followed with few collisions until the final capture on July 26th at 4 p. m. The prisoners were taken to Wellsville, and at three o'clock the next morning were started by rail, the officers for Cincinnati, and the rank and file for Camp Chase. Colonel McFarland as- sures me that he personally counted these prisoners when in line at the Columbus depot, and again on their entering Camp Chase, and that in both in- stances the count was 565. In accordance with Colonel Lemert's Special Order No. 7, Major Kraus, with a detail taken from Companies A, I and K, marched back to Zanesville for the purpose of distributing to the owners the property we had borrowed while on the trail of the raiders. The rest of the regiment returned by rail via Wells- ville, Steubenville, Bellaire and Zanesville to Camp Tod, where we arrived at 10 p. m., the 28th. During this wild pursuit the regiment was split up in bunches under different officers. Com- 19 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment pany A was detailed as guard to a detachment of the 22d 0. Lt. Artillery, which joined us with three six-pounder Rodman Guns, Only one of these pieces got into action, firing thirteen rounds near Georgetown with doubtful results. This raid occupied the attention of our regi- ment just one week. We traveled about 400 miles, and passed through Zanesville, Cambridge, Wash- ington, Winchester, Antrim, Londonderry, Smyrna, Moorefield, New Athens, Georgetown, Harrisville, Little York, Bloomfield, Richmond, Somerset, Hammondsville and Salineville. We had traveled by rail, by horse, by wagon, by buggy, and on foot. We took horses whenever and wherever we could find serviceable ones; but there was one instance I remember well, where an old gentleman and his daughter each rode a beautiful horse through our company without giving them up to us, though they were stopped many times. Their plea was that they were hastening to the deathbed of the young lady's mother, and if detained they might arrive there too late to see her alive. So none of these 100 men who had just enlisted to go out and kill people was sufficiently seasoned to forget his own dear old mother back on the f ann long enough to take away the means of transportation of this 20 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 couple in distress, and so two of the finest horses in Ohio did not participate in the Morgan raid. The story of this famous raid was something like this : Late in June, 1863, General Rosecrans, with headquarters at Murfreesboro, Tenn., was menacing General Bragg at and around Shelby- ville, between which two armies a decisive battle must be fought sooner or later. General Judah with 10,000 men was keeping transportation open through central Kentucky so that re-enforcements and supplies could be forwarded from the Ohio River to Rosecrans' anny with certainty and despatch. On the other hand. General Buclmer, with 10,000 rebels, was master of East Tennessee, and within supporting distance of General Bragg. The latter General, fearing that General Burnside (who conunanded the Army of the Ohio, with head- quarters at Cincinnati), would re-enforce Rose- crans, conceived the strategic idea of sending Gen- eral John H. Morgan with his cavaliy to make a diversion up through Kentucky to keep Judah busy and mystify Burnside. Bragg chose the best man available for this stunt, but unluckily lost control of him. Basil W. Duke, second in command and his- torian of Morgan's Cavalry, emphatically states 21 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment that Morgan asked permission of General Bragg to cross the Ohio River, which request was denied. But Morgan had been preparing for months for this raid, had secured full knowledge of every ford on the river, and when once he was somewhat out from the influence of his superior officers, proposed to cany out his pet scheme. The start was made from near Sparta in the Cumberland Mountains of Tennessee on one of the last days of June, with a force of over 2,000 mounted troops and four pieces of artillery. They reached the Cumberland River at its flood, and by the aid of boats which they constructed, crossed it at and below Burkesville on the 3d of July- swimming their horses, and easily evading and outriding General Judah's troops. Continuing northward, they swept everj^thing before them until they struck Tebb 's Bend on Green River, the 4th of July. Here they met Col. 0. H. Moore, of the 25th Michigan, with 200 men so well intrenched in a natural stronghold that he defied the rebel General, told him that loyal men could never surender on the Nation's birthday, and then the fight was on. After three hours of desperate fighting, trying to change the Colonel 's mind, Morgan withdrew badly 22 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 ■ worsted— the only serious reverse he received from the time he started imtil he was well across the State of Ohio. The rebels passed on to Lebanon, capturing the town with some opposition, thence to Springfield, Bardstown, and on to Shepherdsville, where learning, by tapping the telegraph wires, that Louis\alle was well defended and expecting them, they deflected their course down the Ohio River, still pillaging, fighting, and capturing by the way. Arriving at Brandenburg, on the left bank of the Ohio, the General decided to cross the river, carry his standard into the free states, rob, burn, and destroy to the satisfaction of his lawless band, gather and attach to his forces all sympathiz- ing "Butternuts," and sweep through the loyal states like a scourge sent from an avenging god. Capturing two steamers employed in tue river trade, he crossed over with some timid opposition from two little gunboats and some Indiana home- guards, and fled easterly to avoid the Federal troops then gathering in pursuit. His troops looted every town they struck in Indiana. The grist mills were only spared by being ransomed. After passing Cincinnati and realizing the opposition then mobil- izing along the river, and the absence of any re- 23 GAPT. TRUESDALE Company A CAPT. YEAGER Gompany E Ohio Volutsteee Infantry, 1863-64 cruits, he became alarmed and began laying plans to recross the river. In the meantime Generals Hobson and Shackleford, with Kentucky, Indiana, Michigan and Ohio troops, were gradually closing in upon him. On the 19th of July, half of Mor- gan 's force was either killed or captured near Buf- fington Island, where he had planned to cross the river, and farther up the river, many more either crossed over, or were killed or captured in the at- tempt. Here the raider turned northward, where we met him on the Muskingum, and escorted him to his final surrender in Columbiana County. He and his officers were confined in the Ohio peniten- tiary, from which he and six of his officers (one of them, Captain Taylor, a nephew of ''Old Zach,") escaped in just four months from the day of his capture, by burrowing down through the stone floor of one of their cells, and out under the wall of the prison. General Shackleford announced to Colonel Lewis Richmond, A. A. G. to General Burnside at Cincinnati, the capture of Morgan as follows: ''Headquarters in the field, two miles from New Lisbon, Ohio, July 26th. By the blessing of Almighty God, I have succeeded in capturing Gen- eral John H. Morgan, Colonel Cluke and the rest 25 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment of their command, numbering some 400. I will leave on the first train with Morgan and his staff for Cincinnati. T am. Colonel, Yours, etc., J. M. Shackleford, Brigadier General Commanding." Major George W. Rue, the actual captor of Morgan, belonged to the 9th Kentucky Cavalry. He and a detachment were sent from Cincinnati by rail with fresh horses, and landing nearly in front of the enemy, got there and captured the remnant of that proud rebel band which crossed the Ohio River eighteen days before. Major Rue, in his re- port to Colonel Richmond on the 29th of July, says that he captured 384 men, rank and file, and about 400 horses. When Morgan and his men surrendered to Major Rue, they were in Columbiana County, on the line between Wayne and Madison Townships, and on the road between the farms of John Craw- ford and David Burdick, and about nine miles from the Pennsylvania state line. Morgan 's first pretended surrender to General Shackleford was at Bashan Church, four miles from Buffington Island; the second was at Belle- ville, nearly up to Parkersburg; but each time Morgan himself disappeared with a part of his command. He was finally so hemmed in by Major Rue that he had to face his captor, for he did not 26 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 have men enough left to hide behind and take an- other sneak. He crossed the Ohio state line on the 13th, was 13 days crossing the State, and was cap- tured on a double 13 — 26th. Here is a combination that would sink a ship. General Hobson testifies that he saw, during the pursuit through Ohio, as many as 600 of his soldiers asleep in their saddles at the same time. When the capture of the peerless horse-stealer was announced, there was great rejoicing all over the countiy, and George D. Prentice suggested in his paper that a salute of one gun be fired before every stable door in the land. Morgan's escape from our penitentiary was made a subject of inquiry by our Legislature at Columbus, in the winter of 1863 and 1864. It was done by the Committee on Penitentiary of the Lower House, and seems to have been thorough. The Committee Report recommended the discharge of Lieutenant William A. Judkins from the United States Army, on the ground of either weak intellect or defective morality, and disapproved of the said Judkins furnishing the prisoners with saws, files, vises, etc., which were among the facts proved. John Hunt Morgan was born in Huntsville, Alabama, June 1, 1826. He was raised and lived 27 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment near Lexington, Kentuclcy, and was killed Septem- ber 4, 1864, while trying to escape in the night from General Gillem and his troops, who had him surrounded in a farmhouse near Greenville, Ten- nessee. On August 2d, at Camp Tod, an inspection of the regiment was ordered, and we went through our paces, and showed off acceptably to our officers. August 8th, Hill, Adjutant General of Ohio, ordered the 86th Regiment to Hiclonan's Bridge, Camp Nelson, Kentucky. August 9th, we boarded a Columbus & Cin- cinnati train at the camp, and were whirled away to Cincinnati, where we spent the night in our blankets on the wharf, dreaming of better days in the Nation's history and softer pillows in ours. Next morning the regiment was ferried across the Ohio River to Covington, where, after a few hours ' delay, it marched two miles out the railroad, and bivouaced for the night in a beautiful private park. Next day at noon we took the Covington and Lexington train for Nicholasville, Jessamine County, Kentucky. From here, on the 12th, we marched seven miles to Camp Nelson, singing as we went. Our regimental song was ' ' Rally Round the Flag, Boys, ' ' and was often rolling up from a thou- 28 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 sand loyal throats in unison, and with genuine patriotic earnestness, as we swung along on our weary march. Music is a kind and encouraging stimulant. Its influence is helpful and very strengthening. When, on crossing the Rockcastle River, a dozen of us got dumped in the water by the swamping of our dugout, and we continued our march, stoop-shouldered in body and spirits under the additional weight of water we carried, how quickly we became as erect as if on dress parade when Donaldson started up his favorite song of ''Peter Mullen Had A Little Dog." Yes, music under trying circumstances is like magic— influ- encing us without seeing how it is done. At Camp Nelson we drew ' ' dog ' ' tents and re- mained until most of the brigade had joined us. We drew tents on the 13th. We were assigned to De Courcy 's Independent Brigade, which was registered as 3d Brigade, 2d Division, 9th Army Corps, Army of the Ohio. Gen- eral Burnside was our Army Commander, General Potter our Corps Commander, General 0. B. Wil- cox our Division Commander, and Colonel John F. de Courcy (of the 16th 0. V. I.) our Brigade Com- mander. General Burnside left for Tennessee a few days before we left camp, taking the Stanford 29 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 road at Lancaster, afterward crossing the moun- tains through Big River Gap, and on to Knoxville, from which place he suddenly appeared on the southern side of Cumberland Gap on the morning of September 9th. August 19th, Colonel de Courcy's General Order No. 1 mentions the Commands in the Bri- gade as the 86th 0. V. I., the 129th 0. V. I., and the 22d Independent Ohio Battery. He also instructs the brigade to be ready to march. At 4 o'clock, on the morning of August 20tli, the brigade broke camp and marched southward, the 86th on the right of line, and Company A ad- vance guard. We marched 21 miles, arriving in camp three miles south of Lancaster, at 10 o'clock ]). m., and thereafter. The day was hot and the boys were hotter. This was their waterless bap- tism in hard marching. It worried them good and plenty, and left them shaky and wabbly at gun stacking. Company A guarded the streets of Lan- caster while the brigade was passing through, thus becoming rearguard from there to camp. The roadsides for the three miles were well punctuated with exhausuted soldiers. On Friday, the 21st, the march was 12 miles to Camp Crab Orchard, stopping half way for din- 31 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment ner at Camp Dick Robinson. The brigade lay at Crab Orchard, resting through the excessive hot weather, until Tuesday, the 25th, when it broke camp and marched 12 miles to Camp Ohio, at Mt. Vemon, the county seat of Rockcastle County. Next day, at the usual morning hour, 5.30, the brigade moved out of camp, and marched 12 miles to Camp Wildcat. About noon it halted, after fording Rock- castle River, for dinner and a long rest. The coun- try was wild and rough, and the artillery frequently had to be helped over the steep places by the in- fantry. Camp Wildcat is 13 miles north of Lon- don, and was the scene of a battle between General Zollikoffer's forces and the Federals under General Schoepf, the latter driving the rebels back into Barboursville. General Buell's army had also driven General Bragg and his forces over this same < ' Fighting Right of Way ' ' all the way from Louis- ville to Barboursville and beyond. Many evidences of the retreat and skirmishes dotted our route from Camp Dick Robinson to the Cumberland River. Thursday, August 27th, we marched 10 miles to Camp Pitman, at Hazel Patch, three miles north of London. We threw out strong pickets and camped here four days, and something was doing every minute of our stay. 32 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 First, our brigade was completed, as announced by Colonel de Courcy's Special Order No. 5, dated August 31, 1863, which read: "The commands in the brigade and order of march are respectively as follows: 8th Tennessee Cavalry, 86th 0. V. I., 22d Independent Ohio Battery, 129th O. V. L, 11th Tennessee Cavalry, and 9th Tennessee Caval- ry. ' ' This was our brigade at the date designated, and nothing was attached to, or detached from it until after the surrender of Cumberland Gap, when the 16th Illinois Cavalry, the 4th Ohio Independent Battalion, and the 115th Indiana Infantry became a part of it. Second, the happy thought of resorting to the ruse of changing the brass numbers worn on our caps to designate the number of the regiment to which the wearer belonged, so as to make more regiment numbers, and thus lead the enemy 's spies to conclude that there were as many regiments as there were different numbers on the caps, was car- ried into execution in this camp. In fact, we so manipulated the cap numbers of our two infantry regiments that we effectually proved that we had 16 infantry regiments, and the Johnnies believed it. So one day they, acting up to their belief, sur- 33 HiSTOKY OF Etghty-Sixth Regiment rendered to us ; otherwise our bones would now be bleaching on that infernally dangerous mountain side. Long live the man who invented the trick. And third, our rations were cut in two in the mid- dle at liis camp, and never restored until we re- crossed the Ohio River. This may have been good to prevent our over-feeding, but it is neither a pleasant nor a comfortable experience to be hungry day and night for six months without any inter- mission for refreshments. This was truly the preg- nant camp of our whole campaign. Something affecting our military life was being born here every minute of our stay. On Tuesday, September 1st, the brigade moved south 10 miles to Big Laurel Creek, where it camped for the night, on the left of the road, in an old orchard at the back of a farmhouse. September 2d, we marched eight miles, and camped in a valley among melon patches— effect- ively guarded by Company E. On this day we first sighted the Cumberland Range of mountains— a hazy outline on our left flank and front. September 3d, we marched eight miles to Bar- boursville on the Cumberland River, where we slept in line of battle. September 4th, we marched 10 miles to camp Flat Lick, or Camp Return, as it was designated by 34 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 De Courcy. This camp, two weeks before our en- tering it, was occupied by tlie enemy. We slept in line of battle, with the artillery posted on a hill supporting our left, and the cavalry in front. The brigade remained in this camp the 5th and the 6th, with orders to be ready at a moment's notice to march without knapsacks. Here three days' half- lations were issued to us with the injunction to use them sparingly. (There was a long dry spell of at- tenuated eating before us, but we did not guess it then.) On Monday, September 7th, we marched 12 miles, forded the Cumberland River, which was quite low, and went into camp two miles beyond— 12 miles from Cumberland Gap. The 86th got into camp about 2.00 p. m., and 10 men of Com- pany A, joroperly officered, were sent out foraging. In eight miles' travel with a wagon, we borrowed some melons, apples, peaches, commeal, cornbread, applejack brandy, sorghum syrup, chickens and several cattle, which were all expended for the good of the service by morning. Tuesday, September 8th, we started at an early hour toward the Gap, whose fortifications were vis- ible at noon, about five miles away. At this point 35 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment in our march, Companies A and B deployed as skirmishers, breaking off from the road to the left, and moving straight for the enemy's fortifications. Soon after, the main body of our regiment left the road also and followed our lead. The three spurs or ranges of hills, over whose toes we had just passed, are locally known as the Log Mountains, the nearest one to the Gap being about four miles dis- tant from it. Each skirmisher made his own road over these trackless crags, and through this crazy landscape, driving in the enemy's pickets as they advanced. Meanwhile the artillery was pulled along through an ancient and obscure and unused wagon route by the aid of a guard and a guide, while the infantry was faithfully performing their laborious stunt on the south face of the last Log Mountain, of marching over a hill down into the valley and back up a hidden gully, then again over the same hill and down into the same valley and back up the same gully, and round and round a sufficient num- ber of times to convince General Frazer, the rebel commander (who with field-glass could count our men), that we surely had the sixteen infantry regi- ments which the numbers on our caps proclaimed. All the cavalry had to do was to hide its own insig- 36 Ohio VoLrNTEER Infantry, 1863-64 nificance in the clouds of dust which it was careful to kick up. That night our regiment lay on, or close to, the Harlan road, about two miles from the Gap proper. Our scale of provisions run all the way from very little to nothing, my supper consisting of a cup of wintergreen tea, the herb gathered on the spot. A few shots were fired at random over us, but failing to draw a reply, all was quiet during the night. Company K stood picket guard for our regiment. Captain Millikan was left in the rear, with instruc- tions to look after the sick and guard camp prop- erty. Wednesday, September 9th, Companies A and B, and perhaps other companies, advanced about one and one-half miles, under cover of the uneven- ness of the ground, and there in a little valley, or dr}^ bed of a creek, protected by crags and a little rise of ground, with unslung knapsacks, awaited the order to charge. Our orders were, when our battery opened fire, for us to charge upon the first fortification before us, which was four or five hun- dred yards up the mountain side, and, as we after- ward learned, called ' ' Rocky Fort. ' ' Time passed. We were alert, cautious, expectant, restless, nerv- ous, and very anxious. The whole prospect of our 37 CAPT. AARON K. LINDSLEY Company C Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 future was imaged on our eyes and burned into our souls. If we charged up that steep, rough way toward the fortification frowning with death and destruction, we would be slain. Not a boy wavered. Not a white feather found a resting place in our ranks. We did not wish to be dead heroes, but no one thought of retreat except under orders. Our feelings were intensified by the uncertainty of re- sults, and we showed the strain by our forced calm and reticence. About the middle of the afternoon, the Secession colors were suddenly hauled down and several white flags displayed. With one mighty shout we gave voice to our wrought-up emotions; then, hunting up and shouldering our knapsacks, the 86th Regiment formed right in front and marched into the Gap by the Harlan road, where it proudly planted our Starry Flag on the much disputed ground. Here follows the photograph on my brain of how the 86th marched into Cumberland Gap : It marched up the mountain with stateliest tread, Each gun held aslant at right-shoulder shift. Each man was a soldier from boots to his head. And his eye had the sparkle of Victory's gift. 39 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment The pride of our hearts shone bright in our eyes And made every footfall a cadence of joy ; All eager we pressed up the mountain 's sharp rise : Each soldier a man, though in years but a boy. Through hunger's fatigue, and wearisome march. By nei'viest nerve that conquered defeat, We knocked the keystone from that rebel arch And hallowed it into a Union seat. Tramp, tramp, to the beat of drum, marched the host, All proud to possess the prize we had won ; For well we had laid the Secession ghost, And buried it deep with saber and gun. Led on by our Colonel, as brave as the best, The Eighty-Sixth marched with trumpets ablare Up into that frowning old Secession nest. And planted the stars of "Old Glory" there. On this surrender let me again quote from the Colonel's letter: "On the afternoon of September 8th, the Confederate outposts and pickets were driven inside their fortifications. The advance of the 86th, which led the vanguard of the attacking force, slept on the Harlan road within 400 yards of the enemy's most formidable fortress. On the night of the 8th, a council of war decided to attack next morning at sunrise, the 86th in the lead, with orders to open the fight on our right, and as soon as the engagement was fairly on, to concentrate in 40 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 an assault on the main fortress on the left of the Harlan road. For this latter rush, 400 men were chosen from the 86th. They were stripped of knap- sacks, haversacks and all weights which would impede the contemplated rush. Major Kraus was to open the attack on the right. I was to lead the 400 in the assault on the fortress. * ' A little after sunrise a messenger came from General Frazer, commanding the Confederates, and was received on the Harlan road by our outi)osts. Very many times in my life I have been enraptured by the memory of that letter from General Frazer ; the correspondence would charm any soldier within sight of that slaughter-house, especially as the order to the 400 had been to charge with empty guns. When I asked De Courcy why the empty guns, he answered that troops unaccustomed to the charge would, as soon as they saw the enemy, com- mence firing and reloading and thereby break the assault. The 129th Ohio was to attack on our left, and as I subsequently discovered, would have met the 64th North Carolina and a part of the 55th Georgia. ** Colonel de Courcy had sent the demand for surrender on the 8th, to which General Frazer answered early on the morning of the 9th, and after 41 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 frequent interchanges of messages relating to terms, General Frazer, with his forces, surrendered at 4.00 p. m., September 9th, and the 86th O. V. I. was the first to enter the enemy's fortifications and take possession of the prisoners. ''The regiment moved handsomely, guns at right-shoulder shift, to the tune of ' The Girl I Left Behind Me.' We never marched so well before or afterward. Two officers were ruined by that day's work— Frazer because he surrendered, and De Courcy because he captured him. The Con- federate records show that the Cumberland Gap garrison, commanded by General Frazer, numbered 2,460 men, of which a few escaped. This was proved in the trial of General Frazer for the sur- render of his army. As Colonel de Courcy was charged with insubordination, but not tried, the strength of his brigade is difficult to establish ; but the nearest that I can obtain from Washington and private sources is 3,000." The Colonel's figures are high. I find by a careful analysis of the roster of Ohio troops in the brigade, and deducting 71/2 per cent for sick and unfit for duty (a low estimate), we arrive at the following result on September 9th: 43 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment 86tli Regiment 845 129th Regiment 867 22d Ohio Batter>^ 212 Add General Burnside's report to General Halleck, on Sept. 9th, that De Courcy 's Cavalry numbered . . . 800 We establish a total of 2,724 Burnside's report of the strength of the cavalry was probably correct, as he had good op- portunity for reliable information in the matter, and the number of sick can hardly be over- estimated, as may be inferred from the following despatch which explains itself, and serves to illustrate De Courcy 's vigorous style: ' ' Barboursville, Ky., September 7th. To Brig- adier General Potter. My sick are filling the houses in my rear, and I have no surgeons or medi- cines to leave with them. Dr. Wilson can infonn you that I foretold this and some of the other disasters which must take place on this line of operations, unless commissary, quarter-masters and medical departments work in a different fashion from what they are now doing. John F. de Courcy, Colonel Commanding. ' ' We captured 12 pieces of ordnance, besides a large quantity of small arms, ammunition, wagons, mules, flour, wheat, bacon and '^ jerked" beef— much of the latter spoiled on the poles. The pro- 44 Ohio Volunteee Infantry, 1863-64 visions were mighty acceptable, and we thanked the Johnnies for them. We saw the beef hanging in strings on poles as we entered the Gap, and our mouths were immediately shaped for it, but I guess it was past redemption, at least none of it ever got into our mess. The prisoners with grounded arms stood on the left side of the Harlan road as the 86th entered — Company A in advance. The prisoners looked quietly upon their captors, showing little or no emotion. They consisted of the 64th Virginia In- fantry, 62d and 64th North Carolina Infantry, 55th Georgia Infantry, Kane's Battery from Knoxville, Tennessee, and Barnes' Battery from Georgia. Kane 's Battery fired two shots at us without effect the evening before the surrender. H. E. Parrott, in October, 1907, writing about these prisoners, says: ''All of them were raw troops and in a bad state of discipline. The 55th Georgia was the best of them, and they had ridden their Colonel on a rail for some offense shortly be- fore our arrival, and he did not resent the humilia- tion, but promised to be good. This regiment manned Rocky Fort on the Harlan road, a few hun- dred yards beyond where the 86th was halted dur- ing the negotiations for surrender. ' ' 45 History of Eighty-Sixth IIegiment The details of the negotiations that lead up to the surrender of the Gap were substantially as follows : General Shackleford, from the southern side of the Gap, had first demanded its surrender on the 7th, and followed it up that night by burning their grist mill, located part way up the southern side of the Gap on the eastern side of the main winding road, and below the old Boone's Trace. On tlie 8th he demanded it again, being refused on both occa- sions. On the 8th and 9th De Courcy, from the northern side, demanded its surrender, while Gen- eral Burnside was doing the same trick from the southern side on the 9th, where he had just arrived from Knoxville that morning. Thus it appears that General Frazer, poor devil, must surrender to three commanders or irrigate the Cumberland Mountain slopes with human blood. In this dilemma, and while he was laboriously and con- scientiously trying to solve this distracting prob- lem. Colonel Lemert very unexpectedly came to his assistance in a unique and satisfactory way. Our Colonel led the advance in the arranged attack upon the fortress which commanded the Har- lan road, and while in position awaiting the signal to give battle, a flag of truce came in along that 46 Ohio Volunteer Infanthv, 1863-64 road. The Colonel conducted the three officers into a ravine where they could see nothing of our army or its movements, and sent the communication to De Courcy for answer. While the orderly was gone with the message, a desultory conversation en- sued among the officers, which revealed the fact that one of the Confederates— a Lieutenant— was from Chicago, and thirsty. He inquired, with some concern in his voice and manner, ' ' Haven 't you any of that stuff which giveth color when it moveth itself aright?" The Colonel was touched by the anxiety in the good officers 's appeal, and obligingly sent back to Regimental Surgeon Clark for a can- teen of bourbon, which was promptly borne to the group. Like a good host, the Colonel joined, more or less, in the toasts that went around, but the im- portance of the military situation (he afterward explained) prohibited his taking enough of the stuff to wet his throat below the collar button ; but then, you know, he always wore his collar button low. The second coming of the flag of truce was ac- companied by five officers instead of three. Again Surgeon Clark was requisitioned for an increased quantity of the Kentucky beverage for use down in the little ravine. It was at this stage of bourbon 47 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment consumption that De Courcy, sniffing an uncorked flask somewhere, came rushing to the front line to locate the demand for whiskey. He button-holed the Colonel, took him aside and interrogated him par- ticularly concerning the banqueted guests. When explanations had been fully made, De Courcy arose in his saddle with great dignity and said, ' ' Johnny, fill up tlie bowl. Fill them up to the ears if you can." Thereupon one canteen of the mellowing influence was sent to General Frazer, the com- mander-in-chief of the Confederates at the Gap. Soon after, the General decided that it would be wisdom on his part to capitulate ; the Confederate flag was lowered and white flags shown conspicu- ously. The little banquet above described was prob- ably a large factor in clinching the resolution already forming in the mind of the commander of the garrison to give up and end the anxiety without bloodshed; for when we took possession of the prisoners, the General was found in his tent (near the spoiled jerked beef) , lying on a bench with snuff smeared over his face, snoring stentoriously, as drunk as a patriot. Our hospitality covered less than two gallons of liquid refreshment, and may have been instrumental in saving many lives. 48 Ohio Vowinteer Infantry, 1863-64 Colonel de Courcy referred to it laconically the next morning by remarking, '^The whiskey worked." Colonel de Courcy took upon himself and his command the honor of the capture (and I think de- servedly so), and marched the 86th Regiment into the Gap and took possession; but General Burn- side, with his staff, rode up into the place just be- fore sunset, and saw fit to place him under arrest for insubordination, and we saw him no more. Colonel de Courcy* was a good officer, a noble officer, an intelligent officer, an ambitious officer. So tenaciously did he pursue the objects of his am- bition that sometimes he infringed strict military etiquette and was censured, as in this case. That he should have kept his position north of the Gap until General Burnside had marched four times our distance and taken possession, military cour- tesy required; but that he should have climbed into that stronghold and surrounded the prisoners as soon as the first white flag peeped over the enemy's parapet, military precision and coimnon sense both demanded. The correspondence between De Courcy and Frazer, in effecting this surrender, is here ap- pended : *A sketch from the London Illustrated News, giving the main facts of this gallant officer's life, will be found on page 95. 49 COL. JOHN F. DE COURCY Our Brigade Commander until September 9, 1S63 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 "September 8, 1863. General Frazer, com- manding Confederate forces, Cumberland Gap. Sir : I have the honor to request you to surrender yourself and all the troops under your command unconditionally. The Gap is now completely in- vested, and a short or protracted resistance on your part will only cause a useless, and therefore cruel, loss of life. You may rest assured that if you deem it your duty for the above reasons to sur- render to my forces, I shall likewise deem it my duty to see that yourself and all your command are treated with due respect and consideration. I have the honor to be, sir. Your obedient servant, John F. de Courcy, Colonel Commanding U. S. forces north of Cumberland Gap. ' ' "Headquarters Cumberland Gap, September 8, 1863. Colonel John F. de Courcy, commanding U. S. forces, Kentucky side. Colonel: Your de- mand for an unconditional surrender of myself and forces is just received. I would state that a similar demand has been made on two consecutive days by Brigadier General Shackleford on Ten- nesee side, both of which I at once declined. I would further state that it is customary in matters of this kind to know the numbers demanding sur- render, which I ask you to furnish. I would also ask in connection with the above, that some time may be fixed for a definite answer, say 12.00 m., to- morrow, as none was stated in your communica- tion. I am. Colonel, Very respectfully, John W. Frazer, Brigadier General." ' ' September 8th, General Frazer, commanding- ing forces, Cumberland Gap. Sir: I should not 51 HisTOKY OF Eighty-Sixth Regiment have the slightest hesitation in stating to you (as you appear to request) the number of troops under my immediate command, but cannot comply with your request for reasons arising out of considera- tions other than those connected with your defense of the Gap. I once more assure you that in asking ing you to surrender, I was and am actuated by pure motives of common humanity, and I do firmly and really believe that your defense of the Gap, however bravely and scientifically it may l^e con- ducted, will and must have only one result. I honor and respect above all men a brave and good soldier, and have ever, and shall endeavor to treat in that honorable mode which such a soldier merits ; and for this reason if for no other, I feel anxious to spare nothing which may prevent a cruel and totally needless eifusion of blood. You may have remarked that I did not allow my artillery to reply to yours this day. I shall place tomorrow some of it in position, but will not open fire before twelve o'clock, as you have requested. I hope, however, that long before that hour you will have sur- rendered. Should you agree to do so, please re- port tomorrow to me by meeting me on the Harlan road, sending at the same time another flag of truce on the road you met me on today. I have the honor to be, sir, Your obedient servant, John F. de Courcy, Colonel Commanding U. S. forces." ' ' September 9th. General Frazier : It is now 12.30 p. m., and I shall not open fire until 2.00 p. m., unless before that time you shall have struck all your flags and hoisted in their stead the white flags in token of surrender. I deem this further hour 52 Ohio Vot.unteer Infantry, 1863-64 and a half, which I grant for a suspension of hostil- ities, as sufficient time to enable you to have re- ceived General Burnside's decision. I have the honor to be, sir. Your obedient servant, John F. de Courcy, Colonel Commanding U. S. forces north of Gap." This ended the recorded correspondence, and following some details under a flag of truce, the surrender was made about four o'clock in the after- noon. I believe this capture one of the most strategic of the War of the Rebellion. By nature the Gap is a very strong fortification, and could only be taken by a ruse or a protracted siege. Colonel de Courcy was well acquainted with the place, having been there with Federal General Morgan when he occupied it a year before, hence his deceptive work from the time we left Camp Nelson until the sur- render was effected. While trying to keep the scant numbers of our troops a profound secret, he did it in such a way as to make Frazer feel that an avalanche or a torrent was bearing down upon him from the north with resistless force. At General Frazer 's court martial this belief was given as a part of the testimony. In Frazer 's mind this be- lief was a conviction. Hence, the weakness of his defense of the Gap. 53 ■fi "" A ^^^^£ ' ^ f^j^^R^^HtHHiB^^H ^^^^^^ Sketched by A. M. Willard. THE EIGHTY-SIXTH REGIMENT ENTERING CUMBERLAND GAP From the northern side, by the Harlan Road, and taking possession at its surrender, September 9, 1S63. ^ ^fe:*J VIEW OF CUMBERLAND GAP From the southern side, showing Brigade and Regimental Headquarters in the foreground. HiSTOKY OF Eighty-Sixth Regiment Cumberland Gap is a cut in the Cuinbeiiand Mountains, well supplied with pure water from ex- haustless springs, one of which being strong enough to turn a mill with ease. In the center of the Gap at that time stood a square stone marking the corners, or rather lines of three states— Kentucky, Virginia and Tennessee. It was about 16 inches square by 20 inches high above the earth, and of a dark brown color. I am informed that now this stone has been so chipped by relic vandals that it is sharp as a peg and its symmetry destroyed. Out of this Gap center ran two roads northerly, known as the Kentucky road, and the Harlan road. The direction of the first was nearly north, toward Bar- boursville, while the latter sldrted the mountain range easterly. From the Tennessee side of the Gap diverged three roads: The Virginia road, easterly up the Powell Valley; the Tazewell road, running about due south across the Powell Valley and river, and the Jacksboro road, skirting the foot of the mountain chain westerly on through Jacks- boro. On the southern side of the Jacksboro road flowed a little stream of water westerly, having its head in the Virginia mountain springs, and cutting the Tazewell road as it purled along past head- 56 Ohio Voi-.unteer Infantry, 1863-64 quarters and regimental barracks. Colonel Lem- ert's headquarters as Post and Brigade Com- mander (appointed by General Burnside at the time Colonel de Courcy was removed), and our regi- mental headquarters were situated over the stream in buildings on or near the Tazewell road. The regiment was quartered a long half-mile from head- quarters out the Jacksboro road, in log cabins built up and down the mountain-side, in rows of seven or eight, arranged after the manner of the camp at Valley Forge, in the war of the American Revolu- tion. Company A was located in the row farthest out. Company F next, and so on in regimental order, excepting Companies C and I, which were located on the other side of the Gap, and picketed the Harlan road and vicinity. Late in the fall. Company D was moved half way up the Gap road and quartered there in tents. This Gap is historic ground. In 1769, the old pioneer, hunter and Indian fighter, Daniel Boone, passed through it from Powell Valley by a trail made by wild beasts and their hunters. He passed through it often afterward, blazing the trees as a guide to his path for others who might follow, and to facilitate his own return. This trail was first called *' Boone's Trace," and grew into that long 57 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment sloping way that wound around the Virginia mountain side, passing above the big spring and off northerly through the Gap. Seven years after Boone first passed through, the Trace had been im- proved until it had grown to the importance of a wagon road, and was known as the "Wilderness Road," now the "Old Virginia Road," and the "Kentucky Road" made continuous. All the emigration from Virginia and North Carolina to Kentucky up to 1785, passed through this bite in the mountain. In 1779 Boone moved his family through it, and with them came one Abraham Lincoln, grandfather of the man of the same name, who, in the Nation 's great stiTiggle, was President of this Republic and our Commander-in- Chief. With this little caravan came two small cannon, for use of the fort at Boonesboro, the first that ever blessed or cursed grand old Cumberland Gap. Boone, when hunting, often made long stays at Flat Lick, where the buffaloes roamed in great herds, and spent much time on the banks of Rock- castle River. Our regiment became well acquainted with this river, and we marched nearly in Boone's footsteps to Flat Ijick, where we also went into camp for several days. Boone was a kind of John 58 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 the Baptist to the 86th Regiment in eastern Ken- tucky. The prisoners were guarded on the southern side of the Gap until the 11th, when they were started north in charge of Companies A, B and H of our regiment, three companies of the 129th, and three companies of the 9th Tennessee Cavalry, all under command of Jo. Parsons, Colonel of the 9th. The camp for the first day's march was made on the Kentucky road, near the old Moss Tavern, some four miles south of the Cumberland River. This night the cavalry guarded the prisoners. Next day several escaped prisoners were returned to us by loyal mountaineers, to our surprise (for we had not missed them), and we were instructed to be more vigilant in the future. We passed near one prisoner's home, and he was given a certain time by- Colonel Parsons to take leave of his family and return into custody, upon the pledge of his honor. He kept his pledge. Saturday, September 12th, we marched four miles to Cumberland Ford, where we took break- fast and dinner together, and then continued on to Flat Lick where we stopped for the night, the 129th standing guard. Sunday, we put 16 miles behind us, stopping at Gum Spring for the night, the 59 History of Etghty-Stxth Regiment 86th standing guard. Thus alternately, each regi- ment took its turn guarding the prisoners at night — the other two regiments being the watchful es- cort for the succeeding day's march. Under our care were about 2,250 of these unfortunates with the butternut-colored clothes, and while they were fairly orderly, they had to be watched every min- ute, and 500 active guards had their hands full to prevent escapes while the column was in motion. At night they occupied much less space and were much more easily guarded. The guarding through the march was done by putting the prisoners be- tween two lines of our soldiers extending along the roadsides, with heavy van and rear guards. Then the order to march was given, and the men forming the lines took distance of six or seven feet and maintained it throughout the day. Monday, September 14th, we marched 10 miles, encamping at Laurel Bridge. September 15th, marched 11 miles to Camp Pitman. September 16th, marched 12 miles, encamping on the east bank of the Rockcastle River. September 17th, we marched 12 miles, stop- ping for the night two miles north of Mt. Vernon, hy a small stream of water. Here, just as we were 60 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 surrounding the prisoners for the night, a private of Company E of the 129th Regiment, accidentally shot himself up through the shoulder as he brought his gun to an order arms, and died that night. We buried him with military honors inside the field near the road. On our return march we found the grave open and the body removed. September 18th, we marched 13 miles, passing through Crab Orchard and camping two miles north of the town. Here a woman Samaritan fed the jDrisoners all the provisions she had with her, and invited those still remaining hungry to her house for supper. They gave her three cheers and remained in the bull pen. September 19th, we marched 18 miles to Camp Dick Robinson. ]\Iany soldiers, both Union and Confederate, are buried here. Sunday, September 20th, we marched eight miles to Camp Nelson, which place we had left just one month previously; a fair month's work for $13.00 and a few rations. Monday, September 21st, we marched 19 miles through Nicholasville to Lexington, where the prisoners were turned into a large tobacco ware- house, or some such building of brick, and left in charge of some convalescent soldiers there who 61 CAPT. JOHN H. REID Company D Ohio V^olunteer Infantry, 1863-64 would take them north by train. ''We had fought the good fight, we had finished the course, we had kept the faith, ' ' we delivered the goods. The conduct of the prisoners was generally- fine. Those from Georgia were not inclined to be communicative, but the North Carolina troops and Kane's Battery were splendid. Among the latter were Lieutenant White (a cousin of Colonel Jo. Parsons), and Sullivan and Billy Allen— mighty agreeable boys at all times, who swore they would treat us as kindly as we did them when they got us captured. The political feeling in Lexington, the home city of the great statesman, Henry Clay, and the great rebel, John H. Morgan, seemed to be about equally divided. Many favors were shown the prisoners here, especially by the fair sex, some of whom lavished enough alleged kisses on a rebel major, as we passed him into his prison, to have drawn a felon to a head. We enjoyed Lexington a few days before we returned. At the cemetery we admired the monu- ment erected to the memory of Henry Clay. It is a shaft rising 130 feet, surmounted by a nine-foot statue. Here we again find the Union and Con- federate dead both buried in the same cemetery, separated in this instance by a little ravine. We also visited Ashland, Clay's old plantation. The HisTOEY OP Eighty-Sixth Regiment place was apportioned between his three living sons. James built a new house nearer the road than the old mansion, but is a rebel exile. Thomas inherited the eastern portion of the estate, and at that time was minister to some Central American State. He had one son in each army. John in- herited the southern part of the estate and was finely situated, his aged mother living with him. John was then in New York with his fast horses. We went to the old house, saw the old colored mammy who had lived there 30 years. She was offered her freedom, but said they must keep her now, for she was too old to go away and earn a living. We ate of her corn bread, and she gave us fruit, and then we went over to the race track, sat on a bench overlooking it, and moralized on the Clay family. Henry Clay, junior, was mortally wounded in the Mexican War at the battle of Buena Vista. He went down carrying his coun- try's colors, and an old Mexican war song makes him say: ' ' My father, comrade, you will tell about this bloody fray, My country's standard, say to him, was safe with me today ; A pillow now I've made of it on which to lay my head— A winding-sheet you'll make of it when I am with the dead." 64 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 James died the succeeding February, in To- ronto, Canada, a veritable "man without a coun- try." Ashland is located one and one-half miles east of Lexington, on the south side of the Rich- mond Pike. Friday, September 25th, the infantry com- manded by Major Kraus, went to Nicholasville by rail, while the cavalry, under Colonel Parsons, re- mained in Lexington to recruit. On the 26th, we marched to Camp Nelson, where we drew cloth- ing and supplies. On the 28th, we started on foot for the Gap, where we arrived without incident on October 5th. Each day on this march we started early, and after covering about ten miles, took breakfast, rested through the heat of the day, then marched another ten miles in the late afternoon. The Major said he was showing us boys how Bona- parte marched his troops into Russia. Meantime at the Gap things were shaping themselves as follows : General Burnside, on Sep- tember 10th, had given Colonel Lemert command of the post and brigade. This threw the command of our regiment on Lieutenant Colonel McFarland, who, leaving for Ohio on the 19th, on government business, the command devolved upon Captain Lindsley, as the Senior Captain not on detached 65 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment duty. On the return of Major Kraus from Lexing- ton, October 5tli, lie assumed command until November 5th, the date of McFarland 's return. On September 12th, Company K was detached from the regiment and sent to Captain Neil, in command of the 22d Independent Ohio Battery, for artillery instruction. The 86th Regiment picketed the immediate Gap and the approaches ; that is, the Gap proper, the Harlan road, the pinnacle east of the Gap, the Virginia road, the Tazewell road, and the Jacks- boro road. During our stay at the Gap there were many changes in these duties, and we were often moved from one place to another. Aside from these duties we had to police our quarters, repair the roads, bury the dead from the Smallpox Ambu- lance-Hospital, located a half-mile west of our bar- racks, back pff the road, and drive away or capture Confederate soldiers when they approached our neighborhood. These encounters were sometimes serious affairs, involving different commands in the brigade, resulting in numbers being killed, wounded and taken prisoners on both sides, and yet, by vigilance, our possession of the Gap was held secure and never seriously questioned. Here I record one of the many brushes we had with the 66 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 enemy. It is from the reliable pen of Adjutant Parrott. He says: ''On November 13th, Colonel Lemert sent a foraging expedition 12 miles up the Virginia road, consisting of 21 wagons with an escort of 31 men. The train started at 5.00 a. m., and at ten o'clock we got word that they had been attacked by a force of 70 men under Captains Dove and Hurd. The Colonel went to the rescue with 100 men of the 4th Batallion Ohio Cavalry, and arriving just as our force had surrendered, charged the enemy with sabers and routed them completely, recapturing the train. The enemy's loss was three killed, seven wounded and nine captured. The casualty on our side was the Colonel's black mare." This mare was a beautiful, intelligent and noble animal- the apple of the Colonel's eye, and he felt the loss keenly. She is very faithfully pre- served to us in A. M. Willard's sketch of our regi- ment taking possession of Cumberland Gap, where she and her rider are placed in the foreground (see page 54). Willard was a sergeant in Company C, and often carried the colors. He is now one of the most famous artists this country ever produced in the line of strong and heroic representations, such as his "Yankee Doodle," "Minute Men of the Eevolution, ' ' and * ' Jim Bludsoe. ' ' History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment In picketing the pinnacle— the highest point of the bluff northeast of the Gap— we had to march five miles from our quarters, winding and zig- zagging about to reach it. There were three re- liefs of us, each one remaining on duty 24 hours. Besides picketing, we were to act as guard to the squad with the signal gun located there. This gun was always ready to sound the alarm at the least sign of approaching danger. It was a good and efficient cannon with only one known weakness : it had a habit of going off at half-cock, especially in the night when sleep was sweet to us ; then the ' ' long roll ' ' routed us out and we had to ' ' fall in ' ' and stand in line until the danger was located, which generally proved to be down about Knoxville or Chattanooga. In crawling up this circuitous route to assume our duties beside this much cursed old alarm clock, the elasticity of step and the hilarious flow of con- versation were buried at the foot of the mountain, and the only conversation we ever heard was a weak imitation, pumped out in short breaths, about something to eat ; for we sometimes had no supper at night, and were not sure of breakfast in the morning. 68 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 And this is no fairy story, for Cumberland Gap was a long distance from any base of supplies, and as everything had to be transported by teams, and the roads often barely passable, it can readily be seen that it must take good engineering to keep the wolf out of the camp, and with all our energy and urgency, the gaunt beast's shadow hung over us continually. At one of our reunions since the war. Captain Briggs, of Company H, said on this subject: "In the early part of November, the rebels tried to starve us out by coming between us and our supplies, which we were then trying to get from either Cincinnati or Knoxville; and they came so near doing it, that for ten days we were reduced to corn in the ear (which we foraged for out the Virginia road), and a few screenings which the boys scraped up in that old water mill near the foot of the mountain on the southern side, which Gen- eral Shackleford's men burned two nights before the surrender. The corn we parched, grinding some and eating the balance without any pulveriz- ing. The screenings we made into a stiff batter, without salt, and baked into a chunk of bread, or cake, or concrete, or something. Some of the boys sent samples home (they said for whetstones), and 69 HiSTOEY OF Eighty-Sixth Regiment gave vivid pictures of our bill of fare. But relief came gradually. The boys picked up some rice from some unknown place, and we grew fat on a poor steer that we found stuck in a quagmire in the main road leading up into the Gap. It was the old biblical story of the woman and the cruse of oil— always hungry, but never entirely forsaken. And let me say, while provisions is the topic of conversation, that I think the sulphur spring water on the Virginia side of the Gap is the finest water on the face of tlie earth. ' ' But mixed with our hard fare was the com- fort of good barracks. True, the original creatures, with a strong love of home and soldier society, were there in force and to stay, but the logs and the roof made an enclosure, and we were satisfied. These huts were built of logs, well daubed, with the regu- lation backwoods mud-and-stick chimney at one end on the outside. Each had one clapboard door, one 12 by 12 inch window, with or without glass, and no floor but the hard packed earth. Their dimensions were about 12 by 14 feet, accommodat- ing 12 or 14 persons each. Our firewood was pro- cured by chopping down a tree on the mountain- side, trimming it up smoothly, and then ' ' snaking ' ' it down to our barrack town with a rush. Some- 70 Ohio Volunteer Infantey, 1863-64 times we missed the end barrack, but more often we knocked the stuffing out of the mud chimney. On October 15th, Colonel Lemert notified Mrs. Patterson, of "Holly Hill," adjacent to head- quarters, that he would take j^ossession of her residence for a hospital in one week. What assurance do we have of keeping and enjoying a home in war time and in the army's path? October 21st, Major Kraus ordered 250 men of the regiment under Captain Field, to repair the Kentucky road from Cumberland Gap to Cumber- land Ford, a distance of about 14 miles. We were out the best part of a week, uselessly, for that road could not be improved in the rainy months of October and November, though the case was des- perate, and our very lives depended much upon its condition. It was the main artery to transportation of our supplies, and when it refused to perform its decreed function, we were in deplorable want. Robert Appleby, private in Company K, de- tails an experience as teamster on the great thor- oughfare, which illustrates the hardships and un- certainty of transportation at that time. He says he was sent with a six-mule team, in company with thirty other wagons, to Nicholasville for provisions and clothing. That when on the return trip they 71 ROBERT APPLEBY Company K The man who hung his mules up on Cumberland River bridge. Ohio Volunteer Infantey, 1863-64 had come to the bridge which we had built over the Cumberland River near the ford, the weather being rainy, his locked-wheel wagon skidded and plunged into the river, which was bank full, and dragged the mules with it. The hind mules went down into the water, the swing chain caught on the bridge and held the next team suspended, while the lead mule (one had died) braced its feet against the bridge rail and hung on until Appleby could cut the hamestring and release it. Then he pried the swing chain loose from the bridge and dropped the suspended team into the river, from which, by swimming, he rescued the four mules and the wagon of clothing. Repairing the broken wagon tongue, he continued on his way to the Gap, four- teen miles distant. This was Tuesday, the 3d of November, and he assures me that the road was almost impassable, and that it took their best elf orts to reach the Gap by Saturday evening. On November 12th, we were paid off in full to the first of the month. On November 16th, our regiment was inspected by Major Kraus, muster- ing and inspecting officer for the brigade. On November 18th, the 86th Regiment (ex- cept Companies C, I and K, on detached duty), the 129th Regiment, and the 4th Battalion 0. V. C, 73 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment were ordered to leave their quarters and go to the mountain top. On the 20th, we were established in the rifle pits on the top of the mountain, eastward of the Gap, in readiness to repulse the enemy, should they appear. Burnside and Longstreet had locked horns around Knoxville, and the left wing of our army had fallen back from Clinch River to the Gap. We remained on the mountain four or five days, returning to our barracks when the emer- gency had passed. One gallon of whiskey to every 40 men was issued to us one day on the mountuain, which was the only time that Uncle Sam ever quenched our thirst that way. There was a cold rain a:t the time and the stuff was really seasonable at that altitude. We had our little dog tents with us up there, which protected us fairly well from the storm without, and we experienced little incon- venience and no suffering. After our return from the mountain top, a brigade order, dated November 25th, was issued, settling and defining the picket duties of the dif- ferent commands as follows: ''North of Gap (except the Harlan road), 16th Illinois Cavalry; Harlan road and the Heights east of the Gap, 86th 0. V. I ; Tazewell and Jacks- boro roads, the 129th 0, V. I. ; Virginia road and 74 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 the Heights west of the Gap, the 115th Indiana Infantry. ' ' On November 30th, Colonel Lemert reports for duty in his command as follows : 86th 0. V. 1 328 129th 0. V. 1 559 115th Indiana Infantry 668 22d Ohio Battery 113 1st Tennessee Battalion 68 16th Illinois Cavalry 542 2 Companies of Infantry serving as Artillery 146 Total 2,424 And 21 pieces of Artillery Christmas and New Year's day were much as other days to the regiment, though the latter was so intensely cold (six degrees above zero in the valley with us), that all veterans of the war remem- ber it as a kind of landmark, or rather weather- mark, in their army life. On the evening of January 6th, General Grant and members of his staff stopped at Brigade Head- quarters, remaining until the next afternoon. The General was then commanding the Military Divis- ion of the Mississippi, which embraced the de- 75 CAPT. JOAB SQUIRE Company F CAPT. MILLIKAN Company G CAPT. ERASTUS W. BRIGGS Company H Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 partments of the Ohio, the Cumberland, and the Tennessee. He had come from Chattanooga up the Tennessee River to the mouth of the Clinch River, thence to Knoxville and Strawberry Plains by rail, where he took horse for Lexington, stopping a day with us on the way. His horseback ride was for the purpose of ascertaining the condition of the roads and the prospect of their usefulness for mili- tary purposes in the spring. The very severe weather we just had, made the main road through the Gap a glare of ice, and so impassable as to make it an object lesson which the General could not well overlook. To proceed on his journey, he and his attendants had to ride a mile or more east on the Virginia road until they reached a place where they could reverse back on the old ' * Boone Trace, ' ' which would enable them to wind around and up the Virginia mountain-side and on through the Gap. When about to mount his horse after dinner, the General hesitated a moment, turned his head with a determined gesture as he surveyed the pin- nacle, and smiled at us boys who were bunched near him, as much as to say, "Pretty tough getting up there." But he said nothing vocally. On the 16th day of January, 1864, we left the Gap for Ohio, Lieutenant-Colonel McFarland being 77 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment in command. We marched by easy stages to Nicholasville, where we took a train of box cars for Cincinnati. At Nicholasville a slave-owner from Barboursville way claimed and demanded ' ' Louie, ' ' one of the many colored people who were striving to get to the north and freedom under the protective wing of our regiment. Now Louie, being a Ken- tucky negro and not entitled to his freedom, if a slave, because Kentucky was not a seceding state, the man's claim was good if he could prove prop- erty; but McFarland questioned the validity of his claim, and so we hustled him on the train and proceeded on our way. As we approached Lex- ington we could see the Provost Guards loading their rifles as a warning to the locomotive engineer, and also indicating the reception they were prepar- ing for us if our conduct was not good. (They were a score, and we were 900 with arms.) They leveled their guns upon the engineer and com- manded him to stop the train, which he did without any demurring. The engine was uncoupled and sent a hundred rods up the road where the en- gineer was ordered to await the pleasure of the Provost Marshal. Then the air was full of argu- ment, explanation and diplomacy for a half hour. Our commander made a bold and insistent defense Ohio Volunteer Infantey, 1863-64 of the hunted man, who as yet had not been found, nor the train searched. McFarland found the law against him, and as a last resort stipulated that the search must be made a mile or so out of the city and away from the mob. And so it was agreed. The engine was recalled and attached, and we all got aboard and were taken up the road a mile or more. Here the search was made and Louie found in the car the writer was in. As the owner from Skin Creek was leaving the side of the car with his prop- erty, some thoughtless or thoughtful private made a bound from the side opening in the car and, landing fair on the Skin-Creeker's head, bore him to the ground. By the time his lamps were prop- erly trimmed, the commotion had reached the officers, and Adjutant Parrott bore down upon us. Drawing his sword in token of authority, he looked calmly at us and demanded peace. Instantly the avenging spirit was lifted from our hearts, and in tranquil mood we silently sung, ' ' Happy the man with heart upright, Who harbors not revengeful spite. Who harbors not revengeful spite. But feels his neighbor's pain." Again we loaded ourselves upon the cars, and sped away in stock-train time toward our home A TYPICAL GROUP OF COMPANY A As they looked on returning home. Back row, Sam Holland, Jo Zimmerman, Love Packard. Front row, J. N. Ashburn, W. D. Courtney Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 state. Amid the floating ice we were ferried across the Ohio River into Cincinnati on the 24th. Here we were quartered in some market house for two days, awaiting transportation, then went to Cleve- land by passenger train, sleeping in our old bar- racks on the night of January 27th. The 86th Regiment was mustered out of ser- vice at Camp Cleveland on February 10, 1864, paid off three days later, when the troops immediately decamped for their individual homes, located throughout the northern and central portions of the state. Thus ended the service of a regiment which was universally respected by the whole brigade, and by every Confederate who ever faced it. Other regiments saw longer service and greater slaughter, and we are happy to give them their full meed of praise, but none proved more loyal to the cause for which we were doing battle, none more obstinate in defending it, or more unflinching in danger, or more watchful on duty, or had better officers or truer men under those officers, than our own 86th Regiment. Every company was well officered, well drilled, well disciplined and full of enthusi- astic patriotism. They loved their commissioned 81 History of Eighty-Sixth Kegiment officers, and their Colonel stood, and still stands, upon an elevated pedestal in every comrade 's heart. Our loss by death during this campaign was 42. They died in a noble cause. All this regiment's dead and their kin have the interest and sympathy of all this regiment 's living. Those who have laid down their burden here and mustered on the other shore— the vanguard of our regiment— shall ever embellish the Hero List of the 86th Regiment, 0. V. I. Peace to their ashes and flowers for their graves as long as God permits this Republic to exist. 82 Sketch of Eighty-Sixth O. V. I.* By M. J. Sloan This regiment was organized June and July, 1863, at Camp Cleveland, Ohio, by Colonel Wilson C. Lemert— the Major of the first Ohio regiment of this number. The companies were raised in different parts of the state as follows : Company A, Youngstown; Company B, Marysville; Com- pany C, Wellington; Company D, Wayne and Wood Counties; Company E, Edgerton and Stryker ; Company F, Tontogany and Gilead ; Com- pany G, Trumbull, Lake, Wayne, and Medina Counties ; Company H, Wauseon ; Company I, Tif- fin ; Company K, Oxford. July 22d, the regiment received marching orders to assist in the capture of the rebel guerrilla, John Morgan, and his company, then moving through southern Ohio. Arriving at Zanesville, Ohio, the left wing of the regiment, including Company G and four other companies, under Lieu- tenant-Colonel Robert W. McFarland, were sent *Comrade M.J. Sloan some time ago prepared this sketch, which I find so meritorious that I here include the portions of it which I have not already covered in my text.— J. N. A. 88 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment down the Muskingum River by boat and met an attack of Morgan's forces at Eaglesport, July 23d. Morgan 's men were well mounted and soon made a hasty retreat. Colonel McFarland and his men then returned to Zanesville by boat and moved on after the rest of the regiment which had gone for- ward to Cambridge. Part of the regiment con- tinued directly after Morgan 's command, while the rest hastened by rail to Bellaire to prevent the enemy from crossing the river there. The regiment had the honor of being one of the organizations that stopped Morgan's raid by capturing him and all his command near Salineville, Columbiana County, Ohio. Company G and other companies took the prisoners back to Columbus, where they were placed in the Camp Chase prison, and the regiment returned to its camp on July 28th. On July 31st, four companies were ordered to Columbus to quell a riot. After the surrender of the Gap, the 86th Regi- ment was stationed there, doing garrison duty, and actively engaged in all the military operations in that vicinity till the close of its term of service. The base of supplies was more than 150 miles away, and the garrison was compelled to subsist off the surrounding country. Both armies had before 84 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 marched and counter-marched over the same ter- ritory, and forage was scarce. This made it neces- sary to go long distances for supplies. The whole surrounding country was rough and mountainous, and alive with rebel guerrillas. Encounters with them were of almost daily occurrence, and night attacks were not unfrequent. The regiment never received more than quarter rations for months. Proper clothing could not be had, and the men suf- fered from winter weather, for want of food and clothes. January 16, 1864, the regiment left Cumber- land Gap to be mustered out. After seven days of a fatiguing winter march, it reached Nicholasville, Ky. From this place it returned by rail to Camp Cleveland, and was mustered out of service Febru- ary 10, 1864, having served nearly two months overtime at the front. No short term regiment did more valiant ser- vice than the Second 86th 0. V. I. In Whitelaw Reid's work, ''Ohio in the War," in Volume 2, Page 658, in connection with what is said about the 129th Regiment that belonged to the same brigade with the 86th Ohio Regiment, Mr. Reid states as follows: 86 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment ' ' The graves which mark ahnost every hill-top and valley of that section of East Tennessee, attest the severity and sufferings of the men who passed the terrible winter of 1863 in those inhospitable regions. The 129th, however, lost but few in com- parison with other regiments serving there, although exposed as much, if not more, than any other. The 86th Ohio lost heavily." It has been suggested that the number of our losses was not great, but it may be said truthfully, as recorded in the military record and history of Ohio, that we lost as heavily as some three-year regiments. While it is sometimes said that ''com- parisons are odious," yet, that the truth may be known and understood as to the great sufferings and death from service in this 86th Ohio Regiment, we will quote from the Roll of Honor of the follow- ing regiments : The 3d 0. V. I. in three years lost exactly the same number of men as this 86th Ohio Regiment. The 5th 0. V. I., a three-year regiment, lost 10 more than the 86th. The 6th 0. V. I., a three-year regi- ment, lost two more than the 86th, The 7th 0. V. L, a three-year-regiment, and said to be the banner regiment of Ohio, lost but 23 more than the 86th. The 8th 0. V. I., a three-year regiment, lost 30 86 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 more men. The 9th O. V. I., a three-year regiment, lost five more men. The 10th 0. V. I., a three-year regiment, lost 11 men less than this 86th regiment ; so that when we have in mind that this 86th Regi- ment served but eight months, and their losses are as great, or nearly as great, and in some instances greater than a three-year regiment, it shows their great privation and suffering and arduous service, although never engaged in any great battle. The value of the services to the Nation of a regiment cannot be measured by the length of time of service or the number of battles in which it was engaged alone, as seen in the history of this regi- ment. There were as great sacrifices made by the men of this 86th Ohio Regiment in eight months as some regiments made in three years. 87 The Eighty-Sixth Regiment Society The First Reunion of this regiment was held in the City Hall at Buffalo, at the time of the National Encampment, August 24, 1897. It was the result of a call made by Comrades Romeo H. Freer and Merrick J. Sloan, both of Company G. The com- rades present were H. Bulger, A. Hageboom, R. L. Christy, D. S. Clark, H. N. Baker, Robert Wallace, C. B. Stoddard, M. J. Sloan, Henry L. Musser, C. H. Angstadt, Peter L. Webb, A. H. Smith, A. H. Clark, Henry Hoffman, D. E. Lillibridge, C. D. Gass and Francis Franklin. Officers elected for ensuing year, H. N. Baker of Company K, presi- dent; C. B. Stoddard, vice-president; M. J. Sloan, secretary-treasurer. Next reunion to be in Cin- cinnati. Second Reunion was held in Richelieu Hall, at Cincinnati, September 7, 1898. Officers chosen were Romeo H. Freer of Company G, president; S. E. Wood, vice-president; M. J. Sloan, secretary- treasurer. Next reunion by invitation of our Colonel, will be at Bucyrus. 89 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment Third Reunion was held in G. A. R. Hall, at Bucyrus, October 5, 1899. Colonel Lemert, Mrs. Lemert, their daughter, Mrs. Wise, and the whole city united in their efforts to make the occasion one of jDleasure and comfort for us. A sumptuous reception was held in our honor at the Colonel's commodious residence, and the event is remem- bered as a white stone planted in the pathway of our lives. At this reunion rules were formulated for governing the 86th Regiment 0. V. I. Society. Officers were chosen: Romeo H. Freer of Com- pany G, president; Lieutenant S. E. Wood, Prof. H. S. Lehr and H. N. Baker, vice-presidents, and M. J. Sloan, secretary-treasurer. Next reunuion to be held at Warren, 0. No Reunion. For some unrecorded reason, no meeting was held in Warren, and there was no reunion in 1900. Fourth Reunion was held in the chapel of the House of Correction, in Cleveland, September 10, 1901. Officers chosen for ensuing year: Colonel W. C. Lemert, president; C. R. Holeton and Wil- liam Freeborn, vice-presidents ; M. J. Sloan, secre- taiy-treasurer. Next reunion to be held at Wau- seon, 0. 90 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 Fifth Reunion was held in G. A. R. Hall, at Wauseon, October 2, 1902. Officers chosen for en- suing year, W. W. Dunnipace of Company D, president; P. L. Webb, E. W. Blizzard and Jerry Benschoter, vice-presidents; M. J. Sloan, secre- tary-treasurer. Next reunion will be held at Bowl- ing Green, 0. Sixth Reunion was held in G. A. R. Hall, at Bowling Green, October 8, 1903. Officers chosen: P. L. Webb of Company G, president; Hon. W. H. Handy, F. W. Bennett and Henry Mease, vice- presidents; and M. J. Sloan, secretary-treasurer. Next reunion to be held at Warren, 0. Seventh Reunion was held in Bell-Hannon Post Room, Warren, October 5, 1904. Officers chosen: James Schlappi of Company F, presi- dent ; J. N. Ashburn, Phil. W. Anschutz and W. R. Noyes, vice-presidents; M. J. Sloan, secretary- treasurer. Next reunion to be at Delta, 0. Eighth Reunion was held in the City Hall at Delta, 0., October 11, 1905. Officers chosen, J. S. Benschoter of Company F, president ; R. A. Hous- ley, Marion Losure and P. L. Webb, vice-presi- dents, and M. J. Sloan, secretary-treasurer. Next rounion to be at Grand Rapids, O. 91 HisTOKY OF Eighty-Sixth Regiment Ninth Reunion was held in Town Hall at Grand Rapids, 0., October 3, 1906. Officers chosen : H. T. Brigham of Company H, president; Thomas Mikesell, W. W. Dunnipace and P. L. Webb, vice- presidents, and M. J. Sloan, secretary-treasurer. Next reunion to be at Cumberland Gap. Tenth Reunion. — Unable to secure satisfactory rates to the Gap, we met at Put-in-Bay, September 9, 1907. Officers chosen, S. E. Wilcox of Company C, president; W. R. Noyes, secretary-treasurer. Next at Erie Beach. Eleventh Reunion was held in Jefferson School Building, Toledo, September 1, 1908, at time of National Encampment. Officers chosen, M. J. Sloan of Company G, president; W. H. Koppel- berger, vice-president; J. N. Ashburn, secretary- treasurer. Next reunion to be at Wadsworth, 0. Seventy- three members signed the roll— the largest number we ever had. 92 Honorary Members All mothers, wives, widows, sons and daughters of the comrades of this regiment are, by virtue of this relationship, our Comrades and Honorary Members of our Society. Aside from these, the following are Honorary Members by special act of the society while in session : In 1899-Mrs. H. C. Lyman, Bucyrus, O. Miss Gertrude Kerr, Bucyrus, 0. Miss Hallie Kerr, Bucyrus, 0. Miss Rachel Monette, Bucyrus, Miss Julia Monette, Bucyrus, 0. Miss Irene Faulkner, Bucyrus, 0. For untiring efforts for our welfare at third reunion. In 1901-T. U. Smith, Mesopotamia, 0. Brothet of a dead comrade in Co. G. In 1902-W. N. McCurdy, McClure, 0. Because of being a comrade in First 86th Regiment. In 1904— Henr^^ B. Weir, Warren, 0. Brother of Lt. Weir, deceased, of Company G. In 1908 -Charles B. Calder, Toledo, 0. Arthur S. Oilman, Cleveland, 0. Ora J. Fish, Cleveland, 0. For assistance in publishing our history. 93 Col. John F. de Gourcy Lord Kingsale The Right Hon. John Fitzroy de Courcy, thirty-first Lord Kingsale, Baron Courcy of Courcy, and Baron of Ringrone, in the Peerage of Ireland, whose death is just announced from Flor- ence, Italy, was born March 30, 1821, the only son of Lieutenant-Colonel, the Hon. Gerald de Courcy, youngest son of John, twenty-sixth Lord Kingsale, and succeeded to the honours at the death of his cousin, Michael Conrad, thirtieth Lord, on April 15, 1874. He married, May 10, 1864, Elia Elizabeth, widow of M. Du Bosque de Beaumont of Airel, and daughter of C. des Francois de Ponchalon, Knight of the Legion of Honour, but had no issue. The nobleman whose death we record was formerly a Lieutenant in the 47th Regiment, and served as Major in the Turkish Contingent in the Crimea, for which he received the Medjidieh of the fourth class. He was afterwards Colonel in the United States Federal Army. The Lords Kingsale enjoy the hereditary privilege of appearing covered in the Royal presence— a priv- 95 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment ilege granted by King John to Sir John de Courcy, Earl of Ulster. Hundreds of years after, when the twenty-third Lord wore his hat before King Wil- liam III, his Majesty expressed surprise. ' ' Sire, ' ' replied the Baron, ''my name is De Courcy. I am Lord of Kingsale, in your Majesty's kingdom of Ireland ; and the reason of my appearing covered in your Majesty's presence is to assert the ancient privilege of my family granted to Sir John de Courcy, Earl of Ulster, and his heirs, by John, King of England."— Lo^c^ow Illustrated News, November, 1890. 96 Camp-Fire Stories When Wade Hampton was retreating before Kilpatrick, in North Carolina, he burned a large turpentine factory to prevent the stores from fall- ing into our hands. It was a wonderful fire. One of the 52d Ohio boys, in describing the fire to his friends after he got home, said: ''It was awful. The blaze rose as big as a mountain four miles to- ward heaven, leaping and roaring like a bursting volcano. The heat was so great that we had to turn to the right eight miles down Fallis Creek. There we crossed at a ford, and the water was so infernally hot from the heated air of that mighty burning cauldron, that it took the hair off the horses' legs as they went through it on a double- quick. "-"History of 52d 0. V. I.," by Nixon B. Stewart. ***** Theodore Alexander, Commander of Wiley Post, Bowling Green, Ohio, at the reunion of our regiment at Grand Rapids, Ohio, told of a fellow in his regiment who had such long legs that no horse big enough for him to ride could be found, but that History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment he was a good runner. One day in battle the signal to retreat was sounded, but the fellow failed to hear it and continued to charge straight for the enemy's breastworks. Reaching over he grabbed a Johnny by the collar and hustled him back to the line on a run. He was met by an officer who said, ''Here, I'll take charge of that prisoner." "No you won't," was the reply, "There are thousands of them up yonder. If 3^ou want one, go and get him as I did mine. ' ' At the Grand Review of our Western Army* in Washington, at the close of the war, the German Minister and Bishop Ames sat together on the re- viewing stand. As command after command of the old vetrans passed in review, the minister, full of admiration for the boys, said to the Bishop that an army like that could whip all Europe. And as the column continued for hours to show up the same stem faced, firm marching heroes, he again faced the Bishop and remarked that such an army as that could whip the whole world. But when six hours of marching brought the end of the procession in view, the German caught the Bishop by the hand *The Eastern Army was reviewed on Pennsylvania Avenue, May 17th. The Western Army was reviewed on Pennsylvania Avenue, May ISth. flS Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 and shouted to him that such an army as that could whip the devil. ^ * ^F TT ^ On the Morgan Raid, we came under the com- mand of General Shackleford at Cambridge. By his order all the forces pursuing Morgan were directed to remount themselves when necessary, and to give receipts for horses taken. This order was sometimes construed with such a liberal license that roosters were shocked off their perches, and apple pies could not retain their places on the pantry shelves. At one farmhouse, Eugene Par- rott says that he found on a nail, on the porch where the owner's waterproof evidently belongea, a note saying, ' ' One rubber coat taken for the use of the United States Army," and signed by one of our good 86th boys. Basil Duke, in speaking of a sharp skirmish, says that the wildest looking fellow, perhaps, in the Federal army came rattling down the pike on a big sorrel horse which he could not hold, his hair standing on end, his mouth wide open, his shirt- collar flying by one end like a flag of truce, and his eyes glazed. He was caught by the greatest wag in the command and perhaps in the western Con- 99 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment federate army— the celebrated Jeff Sterritt. With a look of appalling ferocity, the captor exclaimed, ' ' I don 't know whether to kill you now or wait till the fight's over." "For God's sake," said the captive, "don't kill me at all. I'm a dissipated character and not prepared to die." ***** On the first start out of Morgan on his great raid, an old citizen rode with the cavalry from Tennessee up into Kentucky to get some salt. After securing a barrel at Burkesville, he was afraid to take it home for fear of bushwhackers, and so concluded to remain with the cavalry and get it when they returned into Tennessee. So he went with the boys, very much downcast, but look- ing as cheerful as he could. Near the close of the raid in Ohio, when there was no time to sleep, and little time to eat, and the lungs and liver were being continually tossed up and down by the uncertain motion of a tired horse, the old man, with tears in his eyes and a touching pathos in his voice, con- fidentially turned to an officer, and opening his heart, said: "Captain, I would give my farm in White County, Tenn., and all the salt in Kentucky to stand once more, safe and sound, on the banks of Calf-killer Creek." 100 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 MORGAN'S MARE. ''Black Bess" was, I think, the most beauti- ful and one of the finest specimens of horse flesh I ever saw. Scant fifteen hands in height, her strong back, broad tilted loins and muscular thighs enabled her to carry Morgan's 185 pounds as if he were a feather weight. Her coat was jet black and glossy as satin. I never saw such a head. It was as dainty and as finely modeled as a lady's. Wide between the eyes, it tapered to a muzzle small enough to drink from a goblet and was beautifully set upon a symmetrical and capacious throttle. Her neck was straight and unusually well proportioned, her girth deep and shoulders thin and sloping but indicative of strength. Short in the saddle space, but lengthy from brisket to whirlbone, with arched back and rib and wide flank, her entire form was eloquent of speed and endurance. Her legs were clean, with firm, dry muscle and tendons like steel wires, and her hoofs small, round and hard as flint. From her Canadian sire, Drennon, one of the great- est saddle stallions of Kentucky, she inherited nimble action and the staunchest constitution, and her thoroughbred dam dowered her with speed, courage, intelligence and grace.— From "Morgan's Cavalry, ' ' by Basil W. Duke. 101 History op Eighty-Sixth Regiment THE CONFEDERACY'S LAST GASP. At Abbeville, S. C, was held the last Con- federate council of war. Mr. Davis desired to know from his brigade commanders the true spirit of the men. He presided himself. Besides Generals Breckinridge and Bragg, none others were pres- ent than the five brigade commanders. Mr. Davis was apparently untouched by any of the demoral- ization which prevailed; he was affable, dignified and looked the very personification of high and undaunted courage. Each officer gave, in turn, a statement of the condition and feeling of his men, and, when urged to do so, declared his own views of the situation. In substance all said the same. They and their followers despaired of successfully prosecuting the war, and doubted the propriety of prolonging it. The honor of the soldiery was in- volved in securing Mr. Davis' escape, and their pride induced them to put off submission to the last moment. They would risk battle in the accomplish- ment of these objects but would not ask their men to struggle against a fate which was inevitable, and forfeit all hope of a restoration to their home friends. Mr. Davis declared that he wished to hear no plan which had for its object only his safety; that 2,500 men, brave men, were enough to prolong 102 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 the war until the panic had passed away, and they would then be a nucleus for thousands more. He urged us to accept his views. We were silent, for we could not agree with him and respected him too much to reply. He then said, bitterly, that he saw all hope was gone ; that all the f rienas of the south were prepared to consent to her degradation. When he arose to leave the room he had lost his erect bearing, his face was pale and he faltered so much in his step that he was compelled to lean upon General Breckinridge. It was a sad sight to men who felt toward him as we did. I will venture to say that nothing he has subsequently endured equalled the bitterness of that moment. At the Savannah Eiver, next day, the men were paid, through the influence of General Breckinridge, with a portion of specie bl'ought from Richmond. Each man got from $26.00 to $30.00— as he was lucky. At Washington, Ga., on the same day, the 7th of May, 1865, Mr. Davis left us, with the under- standing that he was to attempt to make his escape. General Breckinridge had determined to proceed, with all the men remaining, in an opposite direc- tion, and divert, if possible, pursuit from Mr. Davis. 108 History of Eighty-Sixth IIegiment Many men of my brigade, without horses and unable to get any, and many of the paroled men hoping to be exchanged, had followed us out from Virginia, walking more than 300 miles. When at length, unwilling to expose them to further risk and suffering, I positively prohibited their coming farther, they wept like children. — From "Morgan's Cavalry," by Basil W. Duke. 104 Roster of the Eighty-Sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry 1863-4 Giving rank, age and place of enlistment in Ohio. Those marked with a star are known to be dead. FIELD AND STAFF Wilson C. Lemert, Bucyrus (25) Colonel Robert W. MoFarland, Oxford (38) . . .Lt. Colonel *^ William Kraus, Youngstown (25) Major Henry E. Parrott, Camp Dennison (24) Adjutant and A. A. A. G. of Brig. *Rufus P. Manning, Youngstown (26) Quartermaster Charles Reynolds, not given (28) Chaplain William R. S. Clark, not given (42) Surgeon William C. Catlin, not given (46) . . . Ass't Surgeon John Hill, not given (28) Ass't Surgeon William B. Hedges, not given (25) .Ass't Surgeon James T. Langstroth, Oxford (25) . . . .Serg. Major William McClure, Dayton (20) Serg. Major Charles B. Stoddard, Poland (19) Quartermaster Serg. John Laver, Delta (23) Com. Sergeant Samuel Ridenour, Oxford (26) . .Hospital Steward 106 HisTOEY OF Eigijty-Stxth Regiment COMPANY A COMMISSIONED OFFICERS Seth H. Truesdale, Poland (20) Captain *Lewis N. Pollock, Youngstown (21) . . .1st Lieut. Charles E. Patrick, Youngstown (27) 2d Lieut. SERGEANTS Charles B. Stoddard, first (19) Poland *Josiali L. Zimmerman, first (18) Poland *Jolm I). Dickson (28) Poland *John S. Pollock (19) Youngstown *Hugh R. Moore (21) Poland *James T. Wick (37) Youngstown CORPORALS Campbell, Louis L. (23) Youngstown *Cowden, Isaac P. (19) Poland *Crandon, Edgar (23) Youngstown *Kyle, Benjamin (20) Youngstown Hobbs, Samuel (19) Milton Holland, Samuel (pro) (19) Youngstown Stewart, Truesdale (20) Poland Shunk, Joseph L. (18) Milton Wilson, John J. (23) Youngstown MUSICIANS Courtney, William D. (17) Poland Welch, William (16) Cleveland PRIVATES Ague, George (18) Youngstown Ammons, Thomas (18) Youngstown 106 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 Anderson, Thomas (22) Youngstown Arlvwrigbt, Delaney (18) Youngstown Ashburn, J. Nelson (25) Lordstown *Augden, Seth (18) Poland Bailey, William (18) Youngstown Ballard, George H. (20) Youngstown *Blackman, Daniel (18) Poland Brainard, Clayton T. (18) Poland *Braden, Edgar (18) Youngstown Clewell, James J. (18) Milton Dean, Charles (18) Poland Deemer, Charles B. (25) Youngstown Fusselman, James (18) Youngstown Goddard, John (19) Cleveland Gregor, Isaiah (20) Milton *Gerwig, Henrj^ T. (18) Youngstown Glendenning, Harrison. H., ivagoner (26) Youngstown Guenther, Charles W. (18) Youngstown Hall, William L. (19) Youngstown Hayne, Francis (42) Youngstown Hill, Jerome F. (19) Poland Hollabaugh, Edward (18) Poland Holeton, James M. (19) Youngstown Holeton, Charles E. (18) Youngstown Houlette, Albert (18) Youngstown Hubler, Judson L. (24) Youngstown *Hubler, Horatio E. (21) Youngstown *Hubbard, Henry (23) Youngstown 107 HiSTOKY OF Eighty-Sixth Regiment *Ipe, William (18) Poland Jewell, Samuel (18) Youngstown Jones, Henry I. (18) Youngstown Jones, Howell (18) Youngstown Kegarice, Leander (21) Poland Kelly, David (29) Youngstown King, George W. (18) Columbus Lee, Edward (20) Poland *Livingston, Thomas S. (18) Poland Llewellyn, David (18) Youngstown McDonald, Alexander C. (18) Cleveland (Corrected to Donaldson) McFall, Malcolm (18) Camp Tod *McFarland, William J. (21) Poland McKale, William (18) Youngstown *McNabb, Darius B. (18) Poland Moherman, Josiah (20) Poland *Moherman, Lewis (18) Poland *Molierman, Lazarus (23) Poland Moore, William B. (22) Poland *Montgomery, David (18) Youngstown Packard, Loverain (18) Youngstown Parker, Charles (18) Poland ^Partridge, Manly (18) Youngstown Pfiesder, John A. (19) Milton ^Phillips, George (18) Youngstown *Pollock, Thomas H. (19) Youngstown *Pothour, Emmett (18) Camp Tod Eader, Henry H. (18) Youngstown Randolph, Clayton (18) Youngstown 108 Ohio VoLrNTEER Infantry, 1863-64 Redinger, Israel (18) Poland Reed, Henderson (18) Poland Reed, Henry (18) Milton Reno, Henry C. (19) Youngstown Roberts, Henry (18) Youngstown Rollen, David (27) Youngstown Simonds, Joshua (21) Poland *Simonds, Deemer S. (18) Poland Smith, Hiram (19) Cleveland *Stacy, Turhan (18) Cleveland Stambaugh, Samuel (18) Youngstown *Struthers, John S. (21) Youngstown Toulman, Henry (32) Youngstown Thompson, Henry (19) Youngstown Welch, Robert (18) Youngstown White, John W. (18) Not Given Zedaker, Solomon (19) Poland 109 History of Eighty-Sixth Regiment COMPANY B COMMISSIONED OFFICERS James W. Field, Marysville (26) Captain *Ulysses D. Cole, Marysville (21) 1st Lieut. Brown Newlove, London (21) 2d Lieut. SERGEANTS Orson P. Converse, first (21) Sick— Disch'd *William S. Filler, first (19) Marysville Walter R. Gillis (21) Bucyrus * Joseph Maskill (37) Pharisburg *George W. Snodgrass (21) Marysville *James Welsh (18) Marysville CORPORALS Ketch, Lewis J. (19) Not Given Lawson Woodburn (19) Marysville *Marshal, James C. (21) Marysville Miller, Richard M. (23) Marysville Morris, Solomon (26) Rosedale *Pyers, Stephen (24) Cleveland *Turner, Sylvester T. (18) Marysville Wilbur, William (22) Milford Center MUSICIANS McCampbell, William (16) Marysville Randall, Edward (16) Rush Creek PRIVATES Andrews, Byron (18) Milford Center Andrews, Clayton (17) Milford Center Beach, William (19) Marysville Beltz, Lewis (19) Allen Center 110 Ohio Vot^unteer Infantry, 1863-64 Bidwell, Lafayette (26) Lafayette Burrows, Leonard R. (18) Marysville Cameron, William (21) Richmond Cartwell, Thomas J. (19) Marysville Clark, Armah M. (20) Marysville Collier, Arthur (18) Pleasant Valley Coolridge, Hiram (18) Maiysville Cratty, Reuben F. (23) New Dover Curry, Addison (20) New California Darling, John (19) Raymond ^Doolen, Daniel (30) Marysville Dutton, Joseph R. (21) New Dover Farshel, John F. (18) Camp Tod Figley, Jonas (19) Raymond Ford, Henry C. (25) Pharisburg Fritz, George H. (18) Milford Center Gill, Andrew (20) Camp Tod Griffith, Truman R. (19) New Dover Harper, Seaton (17) Unionville Center Harris, Philip (28) Camp Tod *Heasley, William P. (27) Marysville Hahn, Daniel (18) Camp Tod Hornbeck, Alexander (18) Raymond *Horney, Jethro (20) Marysville Hopkins, Lafayette (19) Milford *Kahler, Henry (21) Darley Creek Keeseker, George W. (18) Lafayette *Kent, Cicero (26) Not Given Killberry, Solomon (20) Darley Creek 111 HrsTOKi' OF Eighty-Sixth Regiment Lamson, Freeman H. (18) Raymond Landsdown, Rodney P. (18) Marysville Loring-, Emery (19) Marysville Marks, William (35) Pleasant Valley Marvin, John (17) Marysville Mathias, Charles (18) Delaware ^McConneha, Andrew (26) Marysville Mclntyre, William (19) Marysville ^McNeil, William (21) Mar\^sville Moffet, Jared (18) Raymond Moody, James (22) Marysville Moore, Harvey (18) Raymond Moore, Samuel (19) Raymond Morse, John P. (22) Milford Center *Orahood, Reuben (21) Marysville Oraliood, Hiram (19) Marysville Powers, William (19) Marysville Rader, Rawson (18) Marysville Reed, Reuben (18) Milford Center Robinson, Imer (19) New California Robinson, William D. (18) . . . .Uniontown Center Seeley, Luther (18) Delphos *Sherwood, Amos (17) Darley Creek Shirk, Jonas (17) Milford Center Shout, Isaiah (23) New Dover *Smith, Albert J. (18) Mar}^sville *Smith, Elijah (19) Marysville *Smith, Ira S. (18) Milford Center *Smith, William M. (38) Marysville 112 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 Snider, Adam (18) Marysville Smder, Ezekiel(18) Pharisburg *Smder, Henrj- (21) Mary^^iUe *Smder, William (23) Pharisburg Spa,n, Marshall (18) Marysville Spam, Robert T. (19) New Dover S.ckney, Joshua (18) Camp Tod btillmgs, William (20) Milford Center Strunk, Eli (20) jr „ , ' ^ ' Marysville Taylor, Samuel E. (18) Unionville Center Turner, Emery (20) Marysville ♦Webster, Lyster L. (29) Marysville Weller, Edward (22) Marysville *Wench (Welsh) Prank (20) Union County *Wilson, Charles J. (43) Marysville *W,lson, William M. (21) West Canaan Wilson, Lafayette (24) Camp Tod 3'«^'E"<20) Mar,.sville Wise, William (19) Marysville Woolford, Marvin (26) Unionville Center Wood, David (23) Pharisburg AVoodburn, Heber (18) Marysville ll, Crosby, James N. (26) Oxford Outright, Simeon I. (18) Chillicothe Dempsey, Michael (19) Oxford Dodge, Thompson (20) Oxford Douglas, Thomas (19) Oxford Douglas, William C. (19) Oxford Eddy, Washington (19) Fair Haven Erwine, William (22) Oxford Faber, James E. (19) Oxford Ferguson, William (18) Oxford Gates, John A. (21) Reily Graham, Eobert N. (18) Morning Sun Gray, Theodore L. (19) Eeily Gray, John M. (21) Oxford Hill, Oscar F. (19) Morning Sun 142 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863-64 Huff, Thomas (19) Chillicothe Johnston, James F. (23) Morning Sun Jones, William (26) Fostoria Kemple, William A. (23) Morning Sun Kerwood, John W. (19) Oxford Kleinschmidt, Edward H. (19) Cincinnati Lawless, Matthew (18) Cincinnati Lewis, Nathan (18) New Holland Livingood, Asbury (34) Marathon McCoy, Charles (20) Oxford McCoy, Thomas A. (18) Brookville *McCoy, Wilson William (18) Chillicothe McDonald, James (18) Oxford Miles, Jacob T. (18) Troy Moore, Samuel (20) Spartansburg Morris, Theodore (16) Oxford *Newton, Thomas A, (18) Fair Haven Pierson, Robert K. (18) Lebanon Powell, William A. (18) Oxford Ramsey, Joseph T. (20) Morning Sun Riley, Perry (18) Chillicothe Roberts, Henr>^ C. (19) Oxford Saunders, James M. (23) Oxford Seevy, Patrick (18) Oxford Shepard, William H. (18) Connersville Smith, George W. (19) Oxford Snedley, Jerome J. (18) Scioto Co. Speer, George W, (27) Oxford Steel, William (21) Chillicothe 143 HisTOKY OF Eighty-Sixth Regiment Stinson, George W. (19) Chillicothe Stream, AVilliam M. (17) South Salem Sutherland, David L. (18) Frankfort AVells, Charles H. (18) Frankfort Wiltshire, Benj. F. (18) Chillicothe *Wright, William (18) Camden 144 Roll of Honor Died in Service BELTZ, WILLIAM, Co. H, Died at Cumberland Gap, October 30, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn. CLAWSON, STEPHEN, Co. E, Died and buried at Cleveland, February 4, 1864. COATE, JOSIAH, Co. K, Died at Cumberland Gap, October 17, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn. COOK, JACOB, Co. C, Died at Cumberland Gap, December 28, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 13, Grave 7. CRAND ALL, JOSHUA, Co. C, Died at Cumberland Gap, November 2, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 13, Grave 7. CURRY, ADDISON, Co. B, Died at Crab Orchard, October 2, 1863. Buried at Mill Springs, Ky. GUSHAM, LYMAN T., Co. E, Died at Cleveland, February 8, 1864. Buried in West Side Cemetery. 145 History of Eighty-Sixth Kegiment HEASLEY, WILLIAM P., Co. B, Died at Camp Nelson, December 15, 1863. Buried there in Sec. B, Grave 16. HEIFNEE, GEORGE W., Co. C, Died in Andersonville Prison, September 13, 1864. Buried there, Grave 8725. HOFF, WILLIAM D., Co. I, Died at Cumberland Gap, September 28, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 12, Grave 227. HOFFMAN, JOHN D, Co. I, Died at Cumberland Gap, December 7, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 13, Grave 11. JACKSON, ANDREW, Co. D, Died at Camp Nelson, November 18, 1863. Buried there in Sec. B, Grave 5. JACKSON, JOHN W., Co. G, Died at Cumberland Gap, November 28, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 12, Grave 39. KEEFER, SAMUEL, Co. C, Died at Cumberland Gap, October 24, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 13, Grave 12. KYLE, BENJAMIN, Co. A, Died at Camp Nelson, January 8, 1864. LIVINGSTON, HARLON, Co. E, Died at Cumberland Gap, October 7, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 12, Grave 137. 146 Ohio Volunteee Infantry, 1863-64 MARKLEY, PHILIP, Co. H, Died at Cumberland Gap, November 20, 1863 Buried at Knoxville, Term. MARCY, GARRISON, Co. C, Died at Camp Nelson, January 19, 1864. Buried at Camp Nelson. MITCHELSON, JACOB, Co. D, Died at Cumberland Gap, November 27, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn. MOHERMAN, LEWIS, Co. A, Died at Cleveland, February 8, 1864. Buried there in West Side Cemetery. NUMBERS, WILLIAM S., Co. C, Died at Cumberland Gap, September 24, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 12, Grave 228. PARTRIDGE, MANLY, Co. A, Died at Camp Nelson, September 22, 1863. Buried there in Sec. B, Grave 46. PECK, FREDERICK, Co. D, Died at Cincinnati, January 30, 1864. Buried there in Spring Grove Cemetery, Sec. B, Grave 245. PERKEY, DAVID, Co. E, Died at Cumberland Gap, November 16, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 12, Grave 134. 147 History op Eighty-Sixth Regiment PHILLIPS, ORSON B., Co. I, Died and buried at Lexington, Ky., December 25, 1863, in Sec. 10, Grave 430. PALAN, GEORGE, Co. G, Died at Cumberland Gap, November 9, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 12, Grave 135. POTHOUR, EMMETT, Co. A, Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., October 1, 1863. Buried at Mill Springs, Ky. PRESTAGE, CHARLES A., Co. C, Died at Cumberland Gap, October 4, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn. PRICE, JAMES, Co. H, Died at Cleveland, January 31, 1864. Buried in West Side Cemetery. RAKER, MARTIN, Co. F, Died at Cleveland, February 6, 1864. Buried in West Side Cemetery. RICHARDS, CHARLES E., Co. G, Died at Cumberland Gap, December 3, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn. SCHLAPPI, HENRY, Co. F, Died at Cumberland Gap, September 24, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 12, Grave 231. SCHWAIN, PETER, Co. H, Died at Cumberland Gap, September 19, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn. 148 Ohio Volunteee Infantry, 1863-64 SMITH, JOSEPH A., Co. D, Died at Camp Nelson, December 6, 1863. Buried there in Sec. B, Grave 3. SPRAGUE, JOHN C, Co. E, Died at Cumberland Gap, November 11, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 12, Grave 138. STARR, BELDEN, Co. D, Died at Cumberland Gap, November 8, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn. STEEL, WILLIAM, Co. K, Died at Cumberland Gap, January 14, 1864. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn. STRONG, FRANK, Co. C, Died at Cumberland GajD, October 14, 1863. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn., Sec. 13, Grave 10. WEBSTER, LYSTER L., Co. B, Died at Barboursville, Ky., September 16, 1863. Buried at London, Ky., Sec. C, Grave 50. WELLS, CHARLES H., Co. K, Died at Barboursville, Ky., September 28, 1863. Buried at London, Ky. WISE, HARRISON, Co. H, Died and buried at Camp Nelson, October 7, 1863. WISE, WILLIAM, Co. B, Died at Cumberland Gap, January 4, 1864. Buried at Knoxville, Tenn. 149 '"p^HE muffled drum's sad roll has beat "*■ The soldier's last tattoo; No more on life's parade shall meet That brave and fallen few. On Fame's eternal camping ground Their silent tents are spread, And glory guards with solemn round, The bivouac of the dead. Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead, Dear as the blood you gave; No impious footsteps e'er shall tread The herbage of your grave ; Nor shall your glory be forgot. While Fame her record keeps, Or Honor points the hallowed spot Where Valor proudly sleeps. — Theodore O'Hara. '44- 3; 4' y # i •^^'*. 3Kt