■It uffiffi ■ii SliHIiil IB) Glass. Book. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Franklin K. Lane, Secretary United States Geological Survey George Otis Smith, Director WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 415 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS BY C. H. PIERCE and H. J. DEAN Prepared in cooperation with THE COMMONWEALTH OP MASSACHUSETTS WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1916 DEPARTMEK 3F THE INTERIOR Franklin K. Lane, Secretary United States Geological Survey George Otis Smith, Director Water- Supply Paper 415 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS BY C. H. PIERCE and H. J. DEAN Prepared in cooperation with THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 19 16 fl • G^ 2 - ^ ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. AT 45 CENTS PER COPY u DEC £0 ; 9 jg S CONTENTS. T , Page. Introduction, by N. C. Grover 5 Cooperation 7 Division of work 7 Topography, by Arthur Keith g Definition of terms 93 Explanation of data \ 1 24 Accuracy of field data and computed results • 26 Special conditions affecting hydrometric work in Massachusetts 27 Gaging stations 30 Housatonic River basin 33 General features 33 Housatonic River near Great Barrington, Mass 34 Housatonic River at Falls Village, Conn 36 Connecticut River basin 4 q General features 4q Connecticut River at Orford, N. H 42 Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass 55 Connecticut River at Holyoke, Mass qq Millers River basin g2 General features g2 Millers River at Wendell Depot, Mass §2 Millers River at Erving, Mass 34 Moss Brook at Wendell Depot, Mass 87 Deerfield River basin 89 General features oq Deerfield River at Hoosac Tunnel, Mass 89 Deerfield River at Charlemont, Mass 103 Deerfield River at Shelburne Falls, Mass 107 Deerfield River near Deerfield, Mass H4 Chicopee River basin 117 General features in 7 Ware River at Ware, Mass 118 Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, Mass 119 Burnshirt River near Templeton, Mass 123 Swift River at West Ware, Mass 124 Quaboag River at West Warren, Mass 135 Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass 137 Westfield River basin 1 50 General features ^cq Westfield River at Knightville, Mass m [[ 151 Westfield River at Russell, Mass 157 Westfield River near Westfield, Mass 159 Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass " 161 West Branch of Westfield River at Chester, Mass . . . . . 166 Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass 167 Borden Brook near Westfield, Mass [[ 176 3 4 CONTENTS. Connecticut River basin — Continued. p age< Farmington River basin 181 General features 181 Farmington River near New Boston, Mass 182 Taunton River basin 185 General features 1 185 Matfield River at Elmwood, Mass 186 Satucket River near Elmwood, Mass 187 Charles River basin ' 188 General features 188 Charles River at Waltham, Mass 188 Mystic Lake near Medford, Mass 190 Merrimack River basin 192 General features 192 Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass 194 Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass 234 South Branch of Nashua River near Clinton, Mass 283 Concord River at Lowell, Mass 284 Sudbury River and Lake Cochituate basins 295 Miscellaneous measurements . 298 Convenient equivalents 300 Gazetteer of streams 302 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. Plate I. Map of Massachusetts showing principal drainage basins and location of gaging stations In pocket. II. A, Frice current meters; B, Typical gaging stations 24 III. Water-stage recorders: A, Stevens; B, Gurley printing; C, Friez 25 IV. Profile of Deerfield River 88 V. Views of gaging station on Deerfield River at Charlemont, Mass 90 VI. Dam, forebay, and electric-power station of New England Power Co. on Deerfield River at Shelburne 1 alls, Mass 91 VII. A, Dam and electric-power station of New England Power Co. on Deerfield River 3 miles below Shelburne Falls, Mass.; B, Dam of Greenfield Electric I ight & Fower Co. on Deerfield River at Gardners Falls, below Shelburne I alls, Mass 92 VIII. A, Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, Mass.; B, Dam on Swift River at West Ware, Mass 118 IX. A, Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass.; B, Dam on Chicopee River at Red Bridge, Mass 119 X. A, High water at Lawrence dam, Merrimack River; B, Farmington River near New Boston, Mass " 180 XL Wachusett dam near Clinton, Mass 192 XII. Rating curves for Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass 194 Figure 1. Water-stage records of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass 28 2. Water-stage records of Swift River at West Ware, Mass 29 3. Water-stage record of Deerfield River at Charlemont, Mass 30 4. Water-stage record of Westfield River near Westfield, Mass 31 5. Hydrographs of Connecticut River at Orford and Sunderland 56 6. Rating curve for Deerfield River at Charlemont, Mass 104 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. By C. H. Pierce and H. J. Dean. INTRODUCTION. By Nathan C. Grover. The water resources of Massachusetts have at all times played an important part in the industrial and commercial development of the Commonwealth. In the settlement and growth of the English colo- nies, the rivers served as the principal lines of communication and commerce, as sources of power for small industrial uses in the grinding of grain to make flour and meal, in the carding of wool and in the manufacture of lumber, and as the medium for transporting logs from the forests to the mills. Thus, these valuable resources were utilized and hundreds of small water-power plants contributed to the growth of the Massachusetts colonies and to the needs and welfare of the colonists who were far removed from the world's markets of those times and were therefore largely dependent on local products, not only for their food, building material, fuel, and clothing, but for practically everything needed on their farms and in their homes. Small industrial communities were established and towns grew up in the vicinity of the developed water powers. The uses to which the water powers have been put have changed with changing commercial conditions and the needs of a growing and prosperous commonwealth. The heavy forests have disappeared and only Connecticut and Merrimack rivers still carry logs from the distant forests in lew Hampshire and Vermont. Flour and meal are now manufactured in relatively large local plants or in the still larger plants of the West, and the need for the small neighborhood gristmill has disappeared. The sawmills, gristmills, and wool- carding mills have been replaced by the machine shop, the paper mill, the cotton mill, and the variety of manufacturing plants for which Massachusetts has justly become noted. The small industrial towns of colonial and early commonwealth times have grown to be the important manufacturing and commercial centers of to-day. Lawrence, Lowell, Holyoke, and scores of smaller cities still depend 5 b SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. on water power as the principal source of energy, although steam plants have been constructed to supplement the power obtained from the rivers. The new conditions have also brought forth new uses. Water is needed in the industries that have been developed and in the towns and cities that have been built. With improvements in electric transmission of power it is no longer necessary to use the power at the place of its generation. The power developed on Connecticut River near Brattleboro, Vt., and on Deerfield River in Massachusetts and Vermont is now being utilized to supplement the steam and water power in many cities and towns of the Commonwealth, and many small hydroelectric plants supply nearby cities and towns with power. The development of other power sites in Massachusetts and of more distant sites of great capacity in Maine and New Hampshire for transmission to the manufacturing cities of Massachusetts has been proposed. Recent years have seen still another important change in the use of power. The electric light and the electric railroad have revo- lutionized the lighting of the home and transportation in the cities and towns. Electric heating and electric cooking in the home are still largely in the future. The interest of the people in the power resources of the State and community, great as it was in colonial times, is still greater and more intimate to-day. This fact is recog- nized in the large measure of control of the public utilities exercised by the Commonwealth and by municipalities. As Director Smith has stated, 1 "The most notable sign of the times is in the general acceptance of the principle of public control.' ' The use of rivers as sources of public water supplies for cities and towns and the necessity for conserving the supply and protecting the quality in order that the individual may have at all times sufficient potable water bring forcefully to the attention still another phase of the water resources that is of immediate interest to all the people. The construction of a water-supply system for the metropolitan district including Boston and the near-by cities is reckoned among the engineering triumphs of modern times. The protection afforded to the municipal water supplies by the Massachusetts Board of Health has served as a model for other States. The various uses of the surface waters have from colonial times been considered of public benefit and therefore of interest to all the people. Many uses have been declared to be public uses and placed under public control, in accordance with the tendency of the present times. In January, 1916, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision which defined "public use" in the following words: i Smith, G. O., The people's interest in water-power resources: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 400, p. 4, 1916. DIVISION OF WORK. 7 But to gather the streams from waste and to draw from them energy, labor without brains, and so to save mankind from toil that it can be spared, is to supply what, next to intellect, is the very foundation of all our achievements and all our welfare. If that purpose is not public we should be at a loss to say what is. 1 The interest of the people is therefore increasing. Uses are chang- ing with demands, the higher uses are gradually superseding the lower uses in accordance with economic law. As these changes take place a knowledge of the quantity of water in the streams and of the variations from season to season and year to year is necessary. This compilation of available stream-flow data has been made, therefore, to satisfy in part this need and to serve as a handy record of data now available and as a basis for future studies of this valuable resource and its uses. The report includes the classic records collected on the Merrimack at Lowell and Lawrence, on the Connecticut at Holyoke, and on the Cochituate and Sudbury by the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board, as well as records covering shorter peri- ods. All have been studied in the light of the best available informa- tion and revised where necessary and possible, and they are presented for the use of the people of Massachusetts. COOPERATION. Under authority conferred by Federal and State legislation, the Director of the United States Geological Survey and the governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts entered into a cooperative agree- ment in 1909 for an investigation of the water resources of the State. This cooperation was renewed in 1911, and again in 1912, when it was provided that the sum of $3,000 should be set aside for this pur- pose each year by each of the cooperating parties for a period of five years. The governors of the Commonwealth have represented Mas- sachusetts throughout the different periods of cooperation. Assist- ance in obtaining stream-flow records has also been rendered by several power companies. Where the entire record has been fur- nished by private parties the fact has been acknowledged in connec- tion with the description of the station. DIVISION OF WORK. The investigations were begun under the direction of F. H. Newell, chief hydrographer, by N. C. Grover, district hydrographer, and were supervised from 1904 to 1909 by H. K. Barrows, for a few weeks in 1910 by T. W. Norcross, from 1910 to 1914 by C. C. Covert, and subsequent to 1914 by C. H. Pierce. Many assistants have par- ticipated in the field work and their names appear in connection with discharge measurements listed in this report. The ratings, computations, estimates of flow during winter periods, and special 1 U, S. Supreme Court, No. 200, Jan. 24, 1916, Mt. Vernon-Woodberry Cotton Duck Co. et al. vs . Alabama Interstate Power Co. 8 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. studies for this report have been made by C. H. Pierce, district engi- neer, and H. J. Dean, assistant engineer. Hardin Thweatt, junior engineer, W. A. Elwood, clerk, and G. F. Adams, field assistant, assisted with the computations. The manuscript was prepared by H. J. Dean. TOPOGRAPHY. By Arthur Keith. PRINCIPAL FEATURES. A bird's-eye view of Massachusetts would reveal three belts of high ground and four of lowland trending southward across the State. In general each lowland belt is lower than the one next west of it, and each slopes southward with the streams. Likewise each intervening belt of high ground descends as a whole toward the south and each in turn is lower than the belts at the west. The sum of these features is that the highest part of the State is in the northwest corner and the lowest is in the southeast. The State is drained by two great rivers, the Connecticut and the Merrimack, and by many smaller ones. As a whole the direction of stream flow in the State is decidedly southward, and no stream crosses any of the uplands. Connecticut River enters the State from the north and flows south- ward directly through it, cutting off its western quarter. The river flows nearly midway between the borders of its basin, which includes about one-third of the State. In Massachusetts the river has two main branches on the west, Deerfield and Westfield rivers, and two on the east, Millers and Chicopee rivers: Merrimack River also enters Massachusetts from the north but within 6 miles turns northeastward and empties 4 into the Atlantic Ocean near the northeast corner of the State. Nashua and Concord rivers, its principal tributaries, are nearly as large as the branches of Connecticut River. They flow northeastward and. with the Merri- mack, are the largest exceptions to the general trend. The Charles and Ipswich, somewhat smaller rivers, also flow north- eastward into the sea. Taunton River and its branches have general southerly directions and empty into Narragansett Bay. The area along the western border of the State is drained by Housatonic River, which flows southward parallel to the Connecticut, and by Hoosic River, which has a general westward course to the Hudson. Quine- baug and Blackstone rivers drain the south-central marginal part of the State, the former flowing southward to Long Island Sound and the latter into Narragansett Bay. There are three main divides between the different river systems of the State. One runs southward nearly through the State and divides it roughly into halves. Another, parallel to this, crosses the State 10 TOPOGRAPHY. 9 to 15 miles from its west boundary. Between these divides lies the Connecticut River basin. The third main watershed, which cuts the eastern half of the State into nearly equal parts, has an average westerly course from the sea to the Connecticut Valley. This divide parts the streams that flow directly into Long Island Sound from those that enter Connecticut River and those that flow northeastward into the Atlantic. These watersheds are remnants of the original divides and are some of the oldest physical features of the State. Each highland or upland is due to the prevalence in it of rocks that are hard and resist the wear of streams and weather, and in contrast each lowland is due mainly to the presence of rocks that are weak and yield most readily to the elements. These leveling processes, con- tinuing through the geologic ages, have carried to the sea the tops of the great blocks and the folds into which the rocks have been forced from time to time. Thus the mountains and hills of to-day are but the roots of those of the geologic past. During numerous epochs the reduction of the highlands was carried so far that broad tracts were worn down nearly to a plain. Later uplifts of the land steepened the slopes, so that the streams with renewed speed and power cut down their beds and broadened their valleys into new plains. Thus each plain was raised in turn to a plateau, which was then cut down in whole or in part to the younger plains. The remnants of the older plateaus are still to be seen at various levels as high as 2,200 feet. Plateau surfaces are characteristic of the State ; several of them are plainly seen in each upland, and a similar succession of surfaces appears in the eastern lowland. They are arranged like giant plat- forms or stairs climbing toward the west; each step is cut deep into the mass of the next above, and over great areas no trace is left of the older steps. The most complete series of the higher surfaces is pre- served in the western highlands, and that of the lower surfaces in the eastern lowland. The deeper rocks of the earth's crust are crystalline; that is, they are composed of mineral crystals knit firmly together. The higher rocks are sedimentary; that is, they are made up of the worn and sorted particles of the deeper rocks into which the surface has from time to time been worn down. As a class the sedimentary rocks, such as limestone, shale, or sandstone, are less firm than the deeper crystal- line rocks, like granite, gneiss, or schist, and so have been cut down more deeply. Thus the lowland belts have resulted directly from the faster wear on the weak limestones, shales, slates, and sandstones. The present distribution of these rocks is due largely to the manner in which they have been folded or broken by the earth's forces. Four grand belts of depressed rocks or basins, corresponding roughly to several areas of sedimentary rocks, were formed, aiul 10 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. between them were raised three masses or huge arches of deep-lying crystalline and igneous rocks. Although each arch differs from the other arches and each basin from its fellows, they have this controlling feature in common — that each arch exposes crystalline rocks that are harder and older than those of the adjoining basins, whereas each basin contains sedimentary rocks that are younger and softer than those of the arches on its flanks. The coastal plain contains only gravel, sand, and clay, and is the lowest division of the State. To sum up these facts, each upland belt stands up because it con- tains relatively hard rocks like granite, gneiss, or schist, and these were uplifted from the depths of the earth's crust in rude, enormous arches; each lowland belt is worn down on weaker rocks like lime- stone, shale, or sandstone, which were depressed in deep basins or sunken blocks of the crust. After the various foldings were com- pleted the surface was worn down almost to a plain. Then the whole region was lifted again and again by hundreds of feet, the streams began their wear anew, and lower plains were formed between the remnants of the old ones. Thus the huge overtopping masses of the ancient folds were worn to the roots, and the series of plains became the great plateaus of to-day. Then came the invasion of glaciers from the far North. Beneath these vast ice sheets the highest mountains in the State were buried, the rocks were smoothed and ground off, and their fragments were carried to great distances. In places the valleys were somewhat deepened; in places they were filled with waste rock. Finally the great ice mass melted away and left a blanket of bowlders, sand, and clay called the glacial drift. This filled the valleys, blocked or diverted the streams, and formed new ridges and hills that are prominent features in the lowlands. Cape Cod, the most prominent feature of the New England coast, owes its very existence to the mass of drift deposited around the end of one lobe of the glacier. Another lobe produced the high ground and the islands that outline Buzzards Bay on the southeast. The principal features «of Marthas Vineyard and Nantucket resulted from an earlier and farther advance of these glacial lobes. The land rose, when freed of its great load of ice, and the streams began to cut into their new channels. As the channels deepened, high parts of the bedrock were uncovered and resisted the wear of the streams so as to stand above the sands and clays, forming water- falls and rapids. These were destined to provide the locations of the early mills and thus to lay the foundations for the manufacturing eminence of the State. The latest geologic episode, the slow sinking of the land, has had a marked influence on the geography and industries of the State. The deep river valleys were first submerged and became the great inlets TOPOGRAPHY. 11 of Boston, Buzzards, and Narragansett bays. Lesser valleys formed deep, rock-bound harbors, as in Gloucester and Salem, or shallow, sand-rimmed inlets, like Plymouth and Duxbury harbors, or other important harbors, like Fall River and New Bedford. The beat of the sea waves on the new coast fast cut away the sand and clay and spread them offshore into long, slim bars and beaches, which now nearly inclose and protect deep harbors, like those of Boston, Prov- incetown, and Newburyport, and scores of shoaler ones, as in Dux- bury and Chatham. The shallow harbors are very numerous north of Cape Ann and south of Cohasset. The existence of these numerous harbors stimulated the early pursuits of fishing, trading, and ship building and did much to render the State prominent in commerce. As the sand bars reached out across the inlets, the latter fast filled up with swamp and marsh deposits. The greatest of these marshes extends 23 miles along the coast from Essex, Mass., to North Hamp- ton, N. H. The relative rise of the sea level has also increased somewhat the navigable parts of the rivers. Taunton and Merrimack rivers are the largest examples of this increase, but even small streams like Charles and Mystic rivers, which are navigable for ocean-going vessels for a few miles, are important in their added water front for commerce. One of the great shipbuilding yards of America is 4 miles from deep water on Weymouth Fore River, a small tidal stream. Except for the tidal rivers, the only stream in the State that is navig- able by seagoing vessels is the Merrimack, which is used by small craft up to Haverhill, 15 miles from its mouth. A notable part of the water of the State is found in the ponds and lakes, and few other States are so well supplied. The ponds fill hollows formed by the glacial drift and range in size from bodies like Watuppa Pond, in Fall River, 7.7 miles long, down to tiny ponds covering less than an acre. They are most numerous on Cape Cod, but are abundant in the central upland and the eastern lowland. Taken as a whole the ponds tend to be longer in a north-south direc- tion, in accord with the prevailing trends of the hills and valleys. Many of these lakes are partly filled and are used as cranberry marshes. A list of the lakes, ponds, and reservoirs more than 10 acres in area was published in an appendix to the report of the Massachusetts State Board of Health for 1873. The total number listed was 1,206, and the aggregate area 93,000 acres. In the gazetteer forming the appendix of this report many of the lakes named on the maps are described. Seven topographic districts have been formed in the State as the result of the conditions above described. These districts, named in order from west to east, are (1) the Taconic Range, along the western border of the State; (2) the Housatonic Valley (including the Hoosic 12 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Valley) ; (3) the Green Mountain highlands (including the Berkshire Hills); (4) the Connecticut Valley; (5) the central upland; (6) the eastern lowland; (7) the coastal plain. TACONIC RANGE. Only the eastern portion of the Taconic Range comes into the State, most of it being in New York and Vermont. Its highest sum- mits are along its eastern margin, and Mount Greylock, 3,505 feet, the highest peak in Massachusetts, stands in its northern part. Other high peaks on the range west of Greylock are East Mountain, 2,660 feet, and Berlin Mountain, 2,804 feet. Toward the south the altitudes are in general less, and Mount Everett, near the southwest corner of the State, stands at 2,624 feet, nearly 1,000 feet lower than Mount Greylock. The main watershed of the range in Massachusetts follows its high eastern part from Greylock to the southwest corner of the State and divides the Hudson waters from those of Housatonic and Hoosic rivers. There are many lesser mountains and ridges in the Taconic Range, and they are separated by numerous deep lengthwise valleys and by cross gaps or passes. The summits at the north are more even than those at the south, but there is throughout the range a noticeable development of single peaks. The northern ridges have a general north-south trend and tend to be parallel, but these features are less marked toward the south. There is more variety in the summit heights of this range than in those of the other upland districts, but the high plateaus seen in the Green Mountain highlands are imper- fectly shown here, especially in the* southern part of the range in Mount Washington. The most prominent feature of the range is its steep escarpment on the east, where it towers above the Housa- tonic Valley. Its western parts descend rather steadily and pass into the lowlands of the Hudson Valley in New York. The general steepness of the slopes causes a very rapid run-off of the waters. The part of the Taconic Range in Massachusetts is carved almost wholly from slates and schists, and to the superior hardness of these rocks is due its prominence above the limestones of the Housatonic Valley. The schists are harder than the slates and lie at the east, causing the greater heights of the eastern parts of the range. The Taconic Range is steep and rugged in Massachusetts, and its upper parts are poorly adapted to settlement. The passes from east to west and the 4eep lengthwise valleys have, however, made traffic through the range much easier than in the Berkshires. The early farming communities settled towns in the valleys, and these sites were confirmed by the later development of manufacturing near the water powers and railroads. TOPOGRAPHY. 13 HOTJSATONIC VALLEY. East of the Taconic Range lie the valleys of Housatonic River, which flows southward to Long Island Sound, and of Hoosic River, which flows northward and westward to the Hudson. Hoosic River leaves the State at an altitude of about 570 feet, and Housatonic River at 650 feet. The valley at the head of the two rivers is 1,120 feet above the sea, and most of the valley floor lies between 700 and 900 feet. The rivers are in few places much below the valley floors, but locally, as at Glendale, they pass through narrows and gaps in ridges. These valleys were worn down along the soft marbles and limestones and followed these beds into all their projections wherever they were folded into the hard rocks, thus forming deep bays in the uplands. To this is due the much indented outline of the Housatonic Valley, so markedly shown near Stockbridge, Pittsfield, and North Adams. These forking valleys trend about northward or southward into the Taconic Range and southeastward into the Berkshires, following the general courses of the near-by slates and gneisses. Above the general valley bottom rise scattered ridges or islands of the harder schist, such as Lenox Mountain, 2,150 feet above the sea, and Tom Ball Mountain, 1,930 feet. Most of the older plains have been removed from the valleys, and the floors on the soft rocks have kept pace with the down wear of the streams. There are, however, remnants of older and higher surfaces left in places least exposed to stream cutting, as is well shown around North Adams at an altitude of 1,140 feet, and around Pittsfield, Lenox, and Stockbridge at 1,050 to 1,100 feet. The Housatonic above Pittsfield is near the level of the older surface, but below Stockbridge it has formed a broader, younger, and lower valley with flat floors and scattered hills. The Hoosic has cut a narrow valley several hundred feet below the old plateau. In both valleys many minor irregularities were smoothed out by the deposits of sand and gravel that were laid down by the melting glaciers. These deposits formed extensive plains around Pittsfield and along the Housatonic below Great Barrington, and at some places produced hills and small ridges. Housatonic and Hoosic valleys form a great natural thoroughfare through the highlands. Farming settlements grew up on their plains from the earliest times and were later strengthened by the growth of manufacturing. Mills were located on the water powers along the eastern border, where the streams emerge upon the plains from their canyons in the Green Mountain highlands. The railroads in later days found these valleys the obvious opening for traffic north and south. Where this valley thoroughfare intersects the lines through the main east-west passes of the highlands, the flourishing 14 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. cities of Pittsfield and North Adams have grown. From this channel has also spread the tide of summer travel that makes the scenery and climate of the region so great a natural asset. GREEN MOUNTAIN HIGHLANDS. General features. — Rising boldly above Housatonic Valley on the west and Connecticut Valley on the east are the Green Mountain plateaus, a belt of highlands about 25 miles wide, running southward across the State. Their northern part contains Hoosac Mountain, one of the most prominent heights in the State. This range is the south end of the Green Mountains of Vermont, and the highlands are the worn-down remnants of the earlier mountains. The western part of the highlands, in Berkshire County, is called the Berkshire Hills. The area is drained mainly southeastward by Deerfield and West- field rivers, tributaries to the Connecticut, and to a less extent by Farmington River and small branches of Housatonic and Hoosic rivers. The western half of the highlands is formed mainly from the ancient gneisses and granites, and the eastern half from later schists. The belt of ancient rocks widens greatly toward the south. The high- lands owe their prominence to the hardness of the rocks beneath them, and the main divide and the higher mountains are at the west on the gneisses, the hardest of all. These highlands have a distinct plateau aspect. The tops are broad and rounded and form rather even sky lines, and the streams have cut deep, narrow valleys or gorges many hundreds of feet below them. The segments into which the highland is cut have as a whole a marked southeasterly trend across the belt. The trend is north- easterly, however, in a narrow belt near Deerfield River. Just as the general outline of the highland area follows that of the crystalline rocks, so the drainage lines and ridges correspond very closely with the local trends of the rocks. This correspondence is especially notable in the area of gneisses, whose divisions contrast strongly in character. Exceptions to this rule are shown by the schist belts east of Hoosac Mountain and those in the extreme northeastern part of the highlands, where the ridges and valleys cross the rock belts. About half the highland area is more than 1,500 feet above the sea, and much of the main watershed is higher than 2,000 feet. The main divide culminates in Hoosac Mountain, near the Vermont boundary, in a peak 2,800 feet high, and from this point the high ground falls away to the south and east. The main divide hugs the west border of the highlands and is usually within 5 miles of it. The summits of the highlands fall into three groups that are significant, with a vast number of others without system. Around the margin of the high- lands one group stands 1,100 to 1,200 feet above the sea, the next TOPOGRAPHY. 15 from 1,600 to 1,700 fee£, and the highest from 2,050 to 2,200 feet. There is some evidence of another group at heights a little less than 1,400 feet. As must be the case with any old and high plateau, these old sur- faces are so deeply dissected that only remnants are left. These remnants are naturally to be found on the hardest rocks and near the divides, where the streams have the least power. Their summits fall into systems with sky lines so even that the plateau character is obvious to the eye, although the rivers run in huge trenches from 700 to 1,500 feet below the summit levels. The view of the plateaus and Deerfield gorge from the town of Florida is very fine. The form of the highlands was little affected by the great glacial invasion. Minor irregularities of surface were smoothed out, and small deposits of gravel and clay were made. The chief result was the partial blocking of valleys and the consequent formation of lakes and ponds, but they are much less numerous here than in other parts of the State. The lakes have great beauty, and the part taken by them in the scenery is enhanced by the setting of wooded mountains. In fact, the scenic beauty of these highlands, with their rugged gorges, forest slopes, and crystal lakes, is justly famed. The summits of the plateaus were so much better adapted to agriculture and travel that the old towns were laid out on the hills. Later the development of small water powers caused the location of manufacturing towns in the valleys. This process was emphasized by the advent of the railroads and their diversion of transportation and manufacture. These highlands oppose so effective a barrier to travel that there is in Massachusetts only one natural pass across them for a railroad. This is where Housatonic River heads against part of Westfield River at an elevation of 1,470 feet. Deerfield River cuts a deep gorge almost across the highlands, but its use by a railroad required a 4^-mile tunnel under Hoosac Mountain. This range was and still is a formidable obstacle, and its western scarp of 1,000 feet is the greatest in the State. CONNECTICUT VALLEY. The Connecticut Valley is roughly triangular and is about 4 miles wide at the north boundary of the State, and 20 miles wide at the south. To the observer on any high summit the valley appears prac- tically flat in contrast with the highlands walling it on each side. It is drained entirely by Connecticut River, which flows southward in the center of the valley, with two main tributaries on each side, Chicopee and Millers rivers on the east and Deerfield and Westfield rivers on the west. The Connecticut enters the State at 180 feet above sea level and leaves it 63.5 miles downstream at an altitude of B0 feet. It has few falls, and between them are long stretches of slack 16 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. water suitable for navigation by small boats. Even its main tribu- taries, however, have high grades and numerous falls on the hard rocks of the highlands. The valley is underlain mainly by soft red or brown shale and sand- stone, interbedded with which are several lava flows. The sandstones and shales have offered little resistance to the wear of the streams, so that the areas underlain by them were reduced to a low rolling plain. The sheets of lava or trap, however, have proved very resistant and stand up in the long, sharp crescent of the Holyoke Kange, with summits at 1,214 feet in Mount Tom and 1,115 feet in Mount Nor- wottock, that reach the level of the highlands east and west of the valley. The low, rolling hills around its margin locally form groups with heights of 500 to 650 feet and of 300 to 340 feet, but far the greater part of the valley is below 300 feet. The shape of the valley follows closely the outline of the soft red beds, and this was produced mainly by faults along which the sur- rounding older rocks were raised, leaving the red beds at low levels. At the extreme north end of the valley, near Bernardston, some low ground is formed by weak slates around the margin of the red beds. Evidences of lower plain surfaces that were probably developed have been concealed by the deposit of glacial drift, which is very thick. The lower inequalities were completely buried in the sand brought down by the Connecticut and its tributaries. The deltas of the side streams formed miles of level plain, fine examples of which are seen around Springfield and Greenfield. Only here and there has the river in cutting down through these sand deposits uncovered the preglacial rock^floor. At these places, such as South Hadley, Turners Falls, and Millers Falls, the hard ledges have caused water- falls and powers that have attracted factories and settlements around them. Agriculture and the early settlements depending on it were fostered by the fertile soil and the levelness of the valley, and at later dates the valley formed a natural avenue for railroad traffic. The main east-west traffic line through Chicopee and Westfield valleys intersects the north-south artery of the Connecticut at Springfield and makes one of the most important cities of the State. The com- bination of these elements has produced a high concentration of popu- lation which approaches that in the eastern part of the State. CENTRAL UPLAND. General features. — The central upland includes the high part of the State between the Connecticut Valley and the lowland of eastern Massachusetts. It crosses the State in a north-south belt 34 miles wide at the north but narrowed to 20 miles along the Connecticut TOPOGRAPHY. 17 border. Its west border is the Connecticut Valley, and on the east it is limited along a nearly north-south line through Princeton. It extends only a short distance into Connecticut, but passes far into New Hampshire. The western front of this upland rises sharply 700 to 900 feet above the Connecticut Valley. The eastern margin is nearly as distinct and rises about 600 feet above the eastern lowland. The main divide between the Connecticut and Atlantic drainage runs about south and is nowhere more than 6 miles from the eastern border of the upland. On it are situated the highest peaks. Almost all the area is drained into Connecticut Kiver by its tributaries, Quaboag, Ware, Swift, and Millers rivers. The eastern part of the upland is drained northeastward through Concord and Nashua rivers into the Merrimack and southeastward through Blackstone River into Narragansett Bay. The area along the southern border is drained by Quinebaug River. The cross divides between the east-west streams are not symmetrical, each stream lying near the south side of its basin. Swift River, for instance, heads within 2 miles of the main channel of Millers River but flows southward for 25 miles into Chicopee River. The upland consists mainly of higK rounded hills and ridges sepa- rated by narrow valleys, and the evenness of summits characteristic of the plateau is clearly manifest from any high summit. Above the hills stand a few mountains such as Mount Wachusett, 2,022 feet; Watatic Mountain, 1,847 feet; and Mount Grace, 1,628 feet; all in the northern part of the upland. In general, the plateau is slightly lower toward the south, the summits at the north being about 1,200 feet above sea level and those at the south about 1,100 feet. This corresponds well with the descent of the master stream, the Connecticut, in the same direction. There is no general difference of plateau level from east to west, in spite of the facts that the main streams flow westward and that the divide is so near the east border of the plateau. Included in this general upland area, in addition to the principal plateau, there are a marginal belt of much worn-down plateau rem- nants and also numerous large tracts reduced nearly to lower plateau levels. One group of such summits, about 900 feet in altitude, ap- pears locally to form an obscure plateau along the east margin of the upland. The upland is due to the hardness of the granites, gneisses, and schists which underlie most of it, as contrasted with weaker rocks in the lowlands on each side. The breadth and roundness of the summits of the upland are like those of the Berkshire Hills, but the valleys, although narrow like those of the Berkshires, are not so deep (only 200 to 700 feet), be- cause the summits are lower, while the master stream is the same for each upland. Near the border of the Connecticut Valley the canyon- 40966°— wsp 415—16 2 18 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. like aspect of the stream is, however, as marked as in the Berkshires. There is a decided southerly trend to the ridges and smaller valleys, in spite of the fact that the main streams have a general westerly flow. This general trend is caused by the wear of the minor drainage lines northward or southward along the belts of weaker rocks. Although few of the ridges seem particularly long, owing to their blending in the view with the surrounding ridges of the plateau, many of them really extend for considerable distances. The one which runs through Shutesbury and Pelham near the Connecticut Valley is 20 miles long, and a large number of others are 8 or 10 miles in length. Large irregular depressions were cut well across the plateau by Quinebaug, Quaboag, and Ware rivers, but only the areas close to the streams were. reduced to any plateau level. There is also a major north-south valley running through Monson, Greenwich, and Orange, which is crossed by the main rivers and occupied by their tributaries. Numerous minor north-south valleys extend for long distances, al- though each may be occupied by several streams — for instance, the valley passing through Baldwinsville. As in the Berkshire Hills, the*early settlements in the central upland were agricultural, and many hill towns, like Petersham, Templeton, and Kutland, grew up on the rolling hill country away from the streams. With the increasing use of water power for manufacturing and the building of railroads through the valleys, manufacturing towns arose in them and far outstripped the hill towns. Millers River and Chicopee River with its branches, the Ware and Quaboag, formed the main passageways across the upland and were occupied by the east-west railroads. The north-south minor valleys, especially the Orange and Monson valley, were occupied by connecting railroads. The form of the plateau was only slightly modified by glacial in- vasion. A thin sheet of bowlder clay was deposited over the plateau, and here and there areas were left bare and rocky. Sand deposits were formed in the valleys and filled some of them to considerable depths, but the main topographic lines were not obscured. EASTERN LOWLAND. General features. — The eastern lowland occupies about half of the area of the State. It is bounded on the east by the coastal plain which takes in the peninsula of Cape Cod and a narrow tract along Massachusetts Bay east of a line running through Onset, Kingston, and Scituate. Its western border is a belt of hilly country, from 2 to 4 miles wide, which lies west of Worcester and Fitchburg and forms the foothills of the central upland. The larger bodies of high ground or ridges in the eastern lowland have distinct northeasterly courses, and the same trend is even more TOPOGEAPHY. 19 plainly evident in the major valleys. This direction is in decided contrast with the southerly trend of the valleys and hills in the western half of the State. The hills are shorter and have less obvious trends than those of the upland. Nearly all of them are smooth and rounded and there are few conspicuous ledges, except in the Blue Hills and in a rocky belt running from Waltham to Gloucester. The valleys are broad and irregular and make up most of the area. The eastern lowland has one principal divide which separates streams of very different kinds. This divide runs from Paxton, on the main central upland divide, east to Boylston, thence southeast to Wrentham, at the corner of Rhode Island, and north of east to the sea at Scituate. North of this divide the larger streams flow north- eastward to the ocean, and south of it they flow southward into Narra- gansett and Buzzards bays. A minor exception to this rule is Black- stone River, which flows southeastward from Worcester through Woonsocket into Narragansett Bay. The general watershed above described follows the belt of high country which stands upon the hard granitic rocks and is a remnant of one of the oldest divides of the State. On it also is situated the most of the high hill country that forms a belt from Quincy to Wrentham and is underlain mainly by granite. This hill belt is paralleled on the south by the broad lowland that stretches over shales and sandstones northeast from Narragansett Bay nearly to Massachusetts Bay and by another hill belt that extends on granite and gneiss northeast from Fall River through Middleboro and nearly to the sea. These lowland and hill belts are cut off at the northeast by the morainic hills described under the heading " Coastal plain" (pp. 22-23). These belts are nearly paralleled on the north by the hill country that extends northeast from Weston through Salem to Cape Ann and by the ridge that reaches from Shrewsbury northeast- ward through Harvard. The latter is the southeast divide of the Nashua River basin and is held up by hard gneiss and schist. This basin, with its extension into Connecticut, is excavated in slates and allied rocks and forms one of the oldest valleys known in the State. Almost without exception the northeastward-flowing streams of the lowland lie near the southeastern divides of their respective basins. Nashua River is a striking instance of this lack of symmetry, its main channel being in few places more than 3 miles from its southeastern divide, although its northwestern branches are from 15 to 25 miles long. Even the Charles, the most sinuous river in the State, follows this rule fairly well. Another peculiarity of most of these rivers, in- cluding the Charles, Sudbury, Ipswich, and Merrimack rivers, and Nashua River with its three branches, is that they all flow southeast- ward in their upper courses and turn sharply northeastward into their lower courses. 20 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. The summits of the lowland fall into four groups of plateau-like surfaces. These are successively lower toward the east, and each group forms deep bays projecting westward into the higher ones. As a whole, they are like immense steps or platforms ascending to the central upland. The highest group forms a north-south belt across the State next to the upland. It has a fairly uniform width of 6 to 15 miles, and its hilltops range between 540 and 650 feet in altitude. Far from this group but rising to its level are the Blue Hills of Quincy and Milton, 500 to 640 feet, and Moose Hill in Sharon, 560 feet. The next group forms a very irregular belt of hills between 320 and 380 feet above the sea. These are to be seen mainly around the mar- gins of the river valleys and in the two hill belts northeast of Wren- tham and Weston. Next below them is a group of hills between 220 and 260 feet above the sea, which are scattered over much of the State east of the two higher groups and almost reach the sea in Lynn. On the hills of this group in Lynn and Waltham there is scarcely any glacial drift and rock ledges are very numerous. In this feature these hills are surpassed by no other part of the State except the extension of the same belt northeastward into the promontory of Cape Ann. Much of this rocky hill country is to-day a wilderness, although situ- ated in one of the most thickly settled districts of the United States. The summits of the lowest group range between 110 and 160 feet, and their areas form an irregular network along the coast and up the river valleys. Probably half of the area of the lowland southeast of the Quincy and Wrentham hill belt falls into this group. In general aspect the eastern lowland is more modified by glacial action than the more western parts of the State. The commonest glacial features are the sand plains which fill the valley bottoms and rim their slopes. The next in abundance are the drumlins or smooth, rounded hills of bowlder clay with bases resting on the bedrock.' These are scattered over both the valleys and hills, but are more numerous on the lower levels of the lowland than elsewhere. They are usually not more than half a mile long, and their axes run gener- ally from northwest to southeast, the direction in which the ice moved. South of the latitude of the Blue Hills rock outcrops are very scarce and there is an almost continuous cover of glacial drift. Bedrock is exposed more commonly to the north and west of Boston in the hill belts and higher country, but the valleys are deeply filled with glacial sand and gravel. The promontories of the bedrock at the ocean in Cohasset, Manchester, Gloucester, and adjoining towns form bold rocky shores, whose picturesque scenery attracts thousands of sum- mer visitors. North of Cohasset the shore line is followed by num- erous salt marshes, the largest of which extends from Essex for 16 TOPOGRAPHY. 21 miles across the mouths of Ipswich, Parker, and Merrimack rivers into New Hampshire. Other results of glacial action are the ponds and swamps so thickly- scattered over the lowland. The ponds lie in all topographic situa- tions from hills to valleys, though they are most numerous in the valleys. Most of them are held up by dams of glacial drift across hollows, but many, including the largest, occupy hollows left by blocks of glacial ice. The largest are Assawompsett Pond, in Lake- ville, 5.3 miles long, and Watuppa Pond, in Fall River, 7.7 miles long. The swamps represent shallow ponds that have been filled up by peat or muck, like the great cedar swamps in West Bridgewater and Hali- fax, or else stretches of stream valley like those of Neponset and Sud- bury rivers, where the grade is slight above a barrier of bowlder clay. The lowland was most completely cut down in the area underlain by the slates. This comprises the lower Charles and Mystic valleys and the area of Boston Harbor as far south as Weymouth and Co- hasset. Boston Harbor really consists of several small river valleys that have been submerged by a sinking of the land since their forma- tion. This sinking seems to be still in progress, although exceedingly slow, and accounts for the inland growth of the salt marshes. Narra- gansett Bay had the same origin, and the valleys of the old Taunton and Blackstone rivers were submerged far inland by the settling of the land. A further sinking of 100 feet would make half of the south- eastern part of the State an archipelago like the coast of Maine. The same settling of the land has separated the islands from the south shore and greatly extended Buzzards Bay. This bay occupies the depression of several small stream valleys bounded on the east by the moraine of Falmouth and the Elizabeth Islands. This sinking of the land has been of great economic importance to the State through the formation of its deep waterways, such as Boston, Narra- gansett, and Buzzards bays, and of the scores of small tidal inlets and rocky harbors like those of Gloucester and Marblehead. The waterfalls of the eastern lowland are an indirect result of glacial action. After the ice melted the streams were here and there turned aside into new channels by the accumulations of sand and bowlder clay. As the land rose,, when freed of its load of ice, the rivers began with fresh energy to cut down their channels. In places they encountered high parts of the buried bedrock; these held up the streams above them, while the stretches downstream, on the clays and sands, were readily excavated. Thus came into being the fails and rapids that have meant so much to the manufacturing industries of the State. The falls of the Merrimack at Lowell, Lawrence, and Haverhill were the greatest and the earliest developed. Now this river is one of the most noted power streams in the world, and with its tribu- 22 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. taries it has more utilized power than any drainage basin of equal size in America. The early mill settlements, like Lowell and Law- rence, have developed into the greatest textile centers of the Western Hemisphere. This early advantage was increased for Lowell by its position at the great bend of the Merrimack, which is the chief outlet for the traffic of the entire river valley in New Hampshire. The power of the several falls of Blackstone River is now highly developed. It induced the early industries of many towns, such as Worcester and Blackstone, also Woonsocket and Pawtucket, in Rhode Island, at the State border. Similar falls determined the location of Clinton and Fitchburg on the branches of Nashua River, Medway and Newton on Charles River, and Milton on Neponset River. Other large towns, such as Fall River and Taunton, on Taunton River, took early advantage of the waterfalls. COASTAL PLAIN. The coastal plain of Massachusetts includes Cape Cod, the southern islands, and a narrow tract along the coast east of a line through Onset, Kingston, Marshfield, and Scituate. The coastal plain has no hard rocks at the surface, like the rest of the State, but is underlain by clays and sands that are deeply covered by glacial deposits. The most prominent feature of the New England coast is Cape Cod, which projects from the mainland east of Buzzards Bay, and roughly has the shape of a man's bent arm. It incloses the south end of Massachusetts Bay, and its southwest prong, with the Eliza- beth Islands, forms one side of Buzzards Bay. Between its south shore and the islands of- Marthas Vineyard and Nantucket lie the shoal waters of Nantucket and Vineyard sounds. The Cape and the shoals around it are the greatest obstruction and menace to shipping on the Atlantic coast. To obviate this the Cape Cod Canal has re- cently been dug across the cape east of Bourne, at the head of Buz- zards Bay. The Cape turns away from the northern shores of Mas- sachusetts the warm currents from the south and holds back some of the cold Labrador current, and it thus causes a decided difference in the climate of the north and south shores.. The drainage of the coastal plain is very irregular. North of Ply- mouth the plain is crossed by several small streams. From Plymp- ton the main divide runs southeasterly to the coast just north of Bourne. In Bourne it forks, one part going south to Falmouth and then southwest through the Elizabeth Islands, and the other part curving in a rude semicircle near the inner side of Cape Cod. Only one stream north of the divide is as long as 4 miles, and most of the drainage is southward from the divide. Large tracts draining into ponds with no surface outlets are very common, owing to the sandy DEFINITION OF TERMS. 23 subsoil, and are especially abundant on Cape Cod. The largest of these ponds, Long Pond, in Harwich, is 2\ miles long. These un- drained areas are the spaces occupied by huge masses of ice while the drift was being deposited around them from the margins of the glacier. The most prominent glacial deposits in the State are seen along the shores of Massachusetts and Buzzards bays and on Marthas Vineyard and Nantucket. In these areas there are belts of very irregular ground, much of which is 200 feet above the sea and con- tains numerous undrained ponds, irregular valleys, and hummocky hills. They are the terminal moraines formed by the dumping of waste around the margins of two great lobes of the glacier. The inner semicircular outline of Cape Cod was formed by one lobe, and the crescent of the Elizabeth Islands and the east shore of Buz- zards Bay was formed by the other. These lobes nearly united, and the material dumped between them forms the high irregular country as far north as Scituate. Two similar loops during an eastern and farther advance of the ice formed the high ground of Marthas Vine- yard and Nantucket. The higher hills were due to the great accumu- lations near the ice margins, and the lower ground to the south was formed by the outward wash of sand and gravel. These high mar- ginal drift masses, called the moraines, curve broadly as a whole and form the divides as above described. Large groups of the morainic hills stand more than 200 feet above sea level between Plymouth and Barnstable, but from Barnstable to the end of the Cape few exceed 100 feet. Manomet Hill, in Plymouth, 394 feet, is the highest point on the moraine and also the highest ground east of the Wrentham and Quincy hill belt. Marthas Vineyard also includes numerous hills above 200 feet. Most of the rest of the coastal plain lies below 100 feet. DEFINITION OF TERMS. The volume of water flowing in a stream — the "run-off" or " dis- charge" — is expressed in various terms, each of which has become associated with a certain class of work. These terms may be divided into two groups — (1) those that represent a rate of flow, as second- feet, gallons per minute, miners' inches, and discharge in second- feet per square mile, and (2) those that represent the actual quantity of water, as run-off in depth of inches, acre-feet, and millions of cubic feet. The principal terms used in this report are second-feet, second-feet per square mile, run-off in inches, and millions of cubic feet. They may be defined as follows: " Second-feet" is an abbreviation for " cubic feet per second." A second-foot is the rate of discharge of water flowing in a channel of rectangular cross-section 1 foot wide and 1 foot deep at an average 24 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. velocity of 1 foot per second. It is generally used as a fundamental unit from which others are computed by the use of the factors given in the tables of convenient equivalents (pp. 300-302). " Second-feet per square mile" is the average number of cubic feet of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both as regards time and area. " Run-off (depth in inches) 7 ' is the depth to which an area would be covered if all the water flowing from it in a given period were uniformly distributed on the surface. It is used for comparing run-off with rainfall, which is usually expressed in depth of inches. . " Millions of cubic feet" is applied to quantities of water stored in reservoirs, most frequently in connection with studies of flood control. The following terms not in common use are here defined: "Discharge relation," an abbreviation for the term "relation of gage height to discharge." "Control," "controlling section," and "point of control," terms used to designate the section or sections of the stream below the gage which determine the discharge relation at the gage. It should be noted that the control may not be the same section or sections at all stages. The "point of zero flow" for a given gaging station is that point on the gage — the gage height — to which the surface of the river would fall if there were no flow. EXPLANATION OF DATA. The data presented in this report are in general divided into periods beginning October 1 and ending September 30 of the fol- lowing year. At the 1st of January in most parts of the United States much of the precipitation in the preceding three months is stored as ground water, in the form of snow or ice, or in ponds, lakes, and swamps, and this stored water passes off in the streams during and after the spring break-up. At the end of September, on the other hand, the only stored water available for run-off is possibly a small quantity in the ground; therefore the run-off for the year beginning October 1 is practically all derived from precipitation within that year. The base data collected at gaging stations (PI. II, B) consist of records of stage, measurements of discharge, and general information used to supplement the gage heights and discharge measurements in determining the daily flow. The records of stage are obtained either from direct readings on a staff gage or from a water-stage recorder (PL III) that gives a continuous record of the fluctuations. Measure- U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 415 PLATE A. PRICE CURRENT METERS. B. TYPICAL GAGING STATION. .Vi* EXPLANATION" OF DATA. • 25 merits of discharge are made with a current meter (PL II, A) by the general methods outlined in standard textbooks on the measurement of river discharge. From the discharge measurements rating tables are prepared that give the discharge for any stage, and these rating tables, when applied to the gage heights, give the discharge from which daily, monthly? and yearly mean discharge is determined. The data presented for each gaging station in the area covered by this report comprise a description of the station, a table giving results of discharge measurements, a table showing the daily discharge of the stream, and a table of monthly and yearly discharge and run-off. If the base data are insufficient to determine the daily discharge, tables giving daily gage heights and results of discharge measure- ments are published. The description of the station gives, in addition to statements regarding location and equipment, information in regard to any con- ditions that may affect the constancy of the discharge relation, cov- ering such subjects as the occurrence of ice, the use of the stream for log driving, shifting of channel, and the cause and effect of back- water; it gives also information as to diversions that decrease the flow at the gage, artificial regulation, maximum and minimum recorded stages, and the accuracy of the records. The table of daily discharge gives the discharge in second-feet corresponding to the mean of the gage heights read each day. At stations on streams subject to sudden or rapid diurnal fluctuation the discharge obtained from the rating table and the mean daily gage height may not be the true mean discharge for the day. If such stations are equipped with automatic gages the true mean daily discharge may be obtained by applying the rating table to gage height figures at short intervals throughout the day. In the table of monthly discharge the column headed " Maximum" gives the mean flow for the day when the mean gage height was highest. As the gage height is the mean for the day it does not indicate correctly the stage when the water surface was at crest height and the corresponding discharge was consequently larger than given in the maximum column. Likewise, in the column headed "Minimum" the quantity given is the mean flow for the day when the mean gage height was lowest. The column headed " Mean " is the average flow in cubic feet for each second during the month. On this average flow computations recorded in the remaining columns, which are defined on pages 23-24, are based. The deficiency table presented for some of the gaging stations shows the number of days in each year on which the mean daily dis- charge was less than the discharge given in the table. By subtrac- 26 SUEFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. i tion the table gives the number of days each year that the mean daily discharge was between the discharges given in the table and, also by subtraction, the number of days 'that the mean daily dis- charge was equal to or greater than the discharge given. For con- venience the theoretical horsepower per foot of fall corresponding to the discharge is also given in the table. In using the table for studies of power, allowance should be made for the various losses, the most important being wheel loss and head loss. ACCURACY OF FIELD DATA AND COMPUTED RESULTS. The accuracy of stream-flow data depends primarily (1) on the permanency of the discharge relation and (2) on the accuracy of observation of stage, measurements of flow, and interpretation of records. Footnotes added to the daily discharge tables give information regarding the probable accuracy of the rating tables used, and an accuracy column is inserted in the monthly discharge table. For the rating tables, "well defined" indicates, in general, that the rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; "fairly well defined," within 10 per cent; "poorly defined" or "approximate," within 15 to 25 per cent. These notes are very general and are based on the plotting of the individual measurements with reference to the mean rating curve. The letter in the column headed "Accuracy", in the monthly dis- charge table, rates the accuracy of the monthly mean and not that of the estimate of maximum or minimum discharge or the discharge for any one day. The rating is determined by considering the accuracy of the rating curve, the probable reliability of the observer, the number of gage readings per day, the range of the fluctuation in stage, and local conditions. In this column, A indicates that the mean monthly flow is probably accurate within 5 per cent; B, within 10 per cent; C, within 15 per cent; D, within 25 per cent. Special conditions are covered by footnotes. The monthly means for any station may represent with high accu- racy the quantity of water flowing past the gage, but the figures showing discharge per square mile and depth of run-off in inches may be subject to gross errors caused by the inclusion of large non- contributing districts in the measured drainage area, by lack of information concerning water diverted for various uses, or by ina- bility to interpret the effect of artificial regulation of the flow of the river above the station. "Second-feet per square mile" and "Run- off (depth in inches)" are therefore not computed if such errors appear probable. All figures representing "second-feet per square SPECIAL CONDITIONS AFFECTING HYDEOMETR1C WORK. 27 mile" and " run-off (depth in inches)" previously published by the Survey should be used with caution because of possible inherent sources of error not known to the Survey. The table of monthly discharge gives only a general idea of the flow at the station and should not be used for other than preliminary estimates; the tables of daily discharge allow more detailed studies of the variation in flow. It should be borne in mind, however, that the observations in each succeeding year may be expected to throw new light on data previously published. SPECIAL CONDITIONS AFFECTING HYDROMETRIC WORK IN MASSACHUSETTS. At most of the gaging stations on streams in Massachusetts water- stage recorders have been found necessary on account of the large diurnal fluctuations in stage due to the operation of power plants. The flow of some of the streams is so completely regulated for power that estimates made from two gage readings a day are subject to errors amounting to several hundred per cent. The type of fluc- tuation occurring in a very completely regulated power stream is illustrated by the hydrograph of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass. (fig. 1). Kot only is there a large diurnal fluctuation in stage, but the form of the hydrograph varies at different times, so that it would be impossible to apply any coefficient to deduce the mean stage from two observations a day. Sundays and holidays, when the mills were not running, are easily noted by the changed appearance of the hydrograph. The diurnal fluctuations of a partly regulated stream are illus- trated by the hydrographs of Swift River at West Ware, Mass. (fig. 2). Although the form of the hydrograph and the amount of fluctuation may vary with the conditions of operation of the power plants for ordinary conditions of operation, when the mean dis- charge of this stream is below 100 second-feet the regulation entirely changes the natural conditions of flow and would make two obser- vations a day of little value. For a mean discharge of 200 second- feet the effect of power regulation is slight, the peaks on the gage- height hydrograph being nearly submerged. Above 300 second- feet there appears to be no appreciable effect from power operation. For this stream the data obtained without the use of a water-stage recorder would probably be classed as "good" for about three months of the year, "fair" for about four months, and decidedly "poor" for the remaining five months. Any use of the data requir- ing a knowledge of the low-water flow would require continuous gage-height records. 28 SUKFACE WATEKS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Other types of fluctuation are illustrated by the hydrographs for Deerfield River at Charlemont, Mass. (fig. 3), and Westfield River near Westfield, Mass. (Rg. 4). The hydrograph of the Westfield I- 3 u u u. z §2 lii I W CD < A f "I A i r\ f P ■> i fi / N. \A r Y -^-^A, ^ r A f H A \ r 1 V\ / V . — - / V \ 1 J A/ 1 ■ 1 > a A \ i i 5 7 t 3, j 3 10 NOVEMBER, 1913 (A) H U UJ u. Z 3 I O Uj 2 CD < U u u y y 17 18 19 20 23 24 21 22 JANUARY, 1914 (B) Figure 1.— Water-stage records of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass. shows a change in flow from 500 to 17,200 second-feet in 12 hours. The Westfield is not seriously affected by power regulation, but rep- resents a class of streams having little natural storage and conse- quently a rapid run-off. Fluctuations due to rainfall are more SPECIAL CONDITIONS AFFECTING HYDROMETRIC WORK. 29 uncertain than those due to other causes, for the time of their occur- rence can not be successfully predicted. The peak of the flood may \ ^A \f\ I A J \ \ J \ J 1 J\f\l i c 1 1 1 2 1 3 i 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 20 OCTOBER. 1913 (A) \ s \ \f V i 1 1 5 7 I 3 £ 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 MARCH, 1914 (B) Figure 2.— Water-stage records of Swift River at West Ware, Mass. be of only a few minutes duration, and therefore missed entirely if observations are confined to two (or even more than two) observa- tions a day. 30 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. A 'knowledge of the maximum flow and its duration may be all important in connection with flood prevention. The water-stage recorders used in collecting the data presented in this report are of two general types. The instruments of one type give a continuous graphic record of gage-height changes; those of the other print in figures every 15 minutes the height of water on the gage. (See PL III.) As might be expected, the difficulty of determining the flow of power-regulated streams does not end when the continuous record of stage is obtained, but calls for special office methods in interpret- ing the records, for, as the relation of the gage height to discharge would be represented by a curvilinear function, the sudden changes in stage require the application of the rating table at short intervals r il U if \ k i h El P \ \f\ \ ^ |\ / f^\ i \l V f VJ 1 \ \ i 'l 1/ V \ ft A [V \ J \ \ ■4 \ \ o M \ "\ y^> / 2 8 2 Al 9 3 vr i o 915 3 1 i 2 SEP TEM BER 191 t 5 i of time. On some of the streams it is necessary to apply the dis- charge rating in such a manner as to determine the discharge hourly throughout the year; on others two or four hour periods are used, and on streams affected less severely the discharge rating can be applied to the mean gage height for the 24-hour period. Various combinations of time intervals are used according to the stage and amount of fluctuation, and an effort is made to insure the highest degree of accuracy consistent with a rational expenditure of time and money. Another feature which complicates the collection of stream-flow data in Massachusetts is the low temperature during the winter months and its effect on the regimen of the streams. The gaging stations are so located that under conditions of open water a given SPECIAL CONDITION'S AFFECTING HYDROMETRIC WORK. 31 stage of the stream, or gage height, represents a certain definite quantity of water passing the gage, the relation between the two being determined by a series of current-meter measurements taken at different stages. With the formation of ice this known relation ceases and conditions at once become uncertain and unstable. Fairly accurate determinations of the discharge of streams covered with or 12 f \ ^N / ^r 1 23456789 AUGUST, 1915 Figure 4.— Water-stage record of Westfield River pear Westfield, Mass. containing ice can, however, be made if several current-meter meas- urements of discharge are obtained and the gage-height record is continued. 1 If conditions of flow are such that two gage-height observations a day are sufficient, the records may be obtained during the winter without great difficulty, although at greater expense on account of the need of more discharge measurements. For automatic- gage stations, however, considerable difficulty is frequently encoun- tered in keeping the gage well free from ice. Special construction 1 Hoyt, W. Q., The effects of ice on stream flow: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 337, 1913. 32 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. becomes necessary and constant supervision is required to insure proper operation of the instruments. Plate X, B (p. 180), shows ice on Farmington Kiver at New Boston, Mass., March 4, 1914. The pecu- liar conditions here illustrated were caused by the break-up of a small tributary that enters a quarter of a mile above the gage. The ice from the tributary, which has a steep gradient, piled up on the gaging section while the ice in the main stream below the gage was not carried out. Another peculiar condition is illustrated by Plate X, A (p. 180), which shows the effect of fluctuations in stage causing unstable conditions of the ice at the gaging section. The effects of the fluctuations in flow are also greatly increased dur- ing the winter period, as may be seen by referring to the hydrograph of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for January, 1914 (fig. 1, B). _ . The special methods required to carry on stream gaging work successfully under the conditions of rapid fluctuation in stage and in a climate subject to the rigors of a northern winter are the out- growth of years of experience by engineers of the Geological Survey. GAGING STATIONS. The following list comprises the gaging stations maintained in Massachusetts by the United States Geological Survey and cooper- ating parties. Two stations outside of Massachusetts are included in this list by reason of their value in connection with studies of streams within the State. Tributaries of main streams are indicated by indention. The date shows the years or parts of years for which records are available. Housatonic River near Great Barrington, 1913-1915. Housatonic River at Falls Village, Conn., 1912-1915. Connecticut River at Orford, N. H., 1900-1915. Connecticut River at Sunderland, 1904-1915. Connecticut River at Holyoke, 1880-1899. Millers River at Wendell Depot, 1909-1913. Millers River at Erving, 1914-15. Moss Brook at Wendell Depot, 1909-10. Deerfield River at Hoosac Tunnel, 1909-1913. Deerfield River at Shelburne Falls, 1907-1915. Deerfield River at Charlemont, 1913-1915. Deerfield River at Deerfield, 1904-1906. Chicopee River: Ware River at Ware, 1904-1911. Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, 1912-1915. Burnshirt River near Templeton, 1909. Swift River at West Ware, 1910-1915. Quaboag River at West Warren, 1904-1907. Quaboag River at West Brimfield, 1909-1915. Westfield River at Knightville, 1909-1915. Westfield River at Russell, 1904-1906. HOUSATONIC KIVEK BASIN. « 33 Connecticut River basin — Continued. Westfield River near Westfield, 1914-15. Middle Branch of Westfield River near Goss Heights, 1910-1915. West Branch of Westfield River at Chester, 1915. Westfield Little River near Westfield, 1905-1915. Borden Brook near Westfield ; 1910-1915. Farmington River near New Boston, 1913-1915. Taunton River: Matfield River at Elmwood, 1909-10. Satucket River near Elmwood, 1909-10. Charles River at Waltham, 1903-1905. Mystic Lake near Medford, 1878-1897. Merrimack River at Lowell, 1848-1861; 1866-1915. Merrimack River at Lawrence, 1880-1915. Nashua River: South Branch of Nashua River at Clinton, 1896-1915. Concord River at Lowell, 1901-1915. Sudbury River at Framingham, 1875-1915. Lake Cochituate at Cochituate, 1863-1915. HOUSATONIC RIVER BASIN. GENERAL FEATURES. Housatonic River rises in Berkshire County, Mass., its head- waters interlocking with those of Westfield River on the east, the Hoosic on the north, and Kinderhook Creek on the west. The head of the main stream is found near Washington Station, in the town of Washington, and its course is northward to Dalton. From Dalton the river flows southwestward to Pittsfield, where it receives a branch from the north and whence its general course is southerly to Long Island Sound, which it enters near Stratford, Conn. It is about 125 miles long and its drainage area comprises 1,930 square miles. The drainage area above the Massachusetts State line is 532 square miles, of which 487 square miles is in Massachusetts, 33 square miles in New York, and 12 square miles in Connecticut. The area above the gaging station near Great Barrington is 280 square miles and above the station at Falls Village, Conn., 644 square miles. Some of the headwater streams rise at an altitude exceeding 2,000 feet above sea level. At Pittsfield the elevation is about 1,000 feet. In its lower course the river traverses a wide valley, much of which is occupied by farms. In most places the bed of the river is composed of gravel, but in a few it is made up of ledges of limestone and granite, which produce falls. The basin is to some extent forested, especially in the headwater region, but as a whole it consists largely of farm lands. The basin includes about 15 square miles of lako and pond surface, and offers some opportunities for improvement of storage. 40966°— wsp 415—16 3 34 SUKFACE WATEKS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Power has been developed at Housatonic, Great Barrington, and a number of other places in Massachusetts, but considerable power remains unutilized on the main river as well as its tributaries. HOUSATONIC RIVER NEAR GREAT BARRINGTON, MASS. Location. — At a highway bridge about a quarter of a mile northeast of the Van Deusenville railroad station and 2 miles north of Great Barrington. Drainage area. — 280 square miles. Records available. — May 17, 1913, to September 30, 1915. Gage. — Inclined staff on downstream side of left abutment of bridge; vertical high- water section attached to bridge abutment. Discharge measurements. — Made from upstream side' of bridge or by wading. Channel and control. — Bed composed of sand and gravel; control practically permanent. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum stage recorded: 7.9 feet, March 29, 1914; approximate discharge, 5,200 second-feet. Minimum stage: Zero flow at various times caused by storage of water above the mills. Winter flow. — Discharge relation not seriously affected by ice. Regulation. — Storage above dam of a paper mill about a mile above station causes low flow on Sundays and holidays. Accuracy. — Records based on two gage readings a day and are considered fair. Discharge measurements of Housatonic River near Great Barrington, Mass. 1913-1915. during Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1913. May 21 Aug. 7 Oct. 18 C. H. Pierce Feet. 2.19 1.47 1.48 .74 3.38 3.27 3.12 2.88 Sec.-ft. 409 160 159 13.7 1,170 1,130 996 837 1914. Apr. 16 17 Aug. 16 Sept. 27 Dec. 17 1915. Feb. 2 Apr. 9 R. S. Barnes Feet. 3.96 4.00 1.19 .66 1.46 a 2. 42 2.38 Sec.-ft. 1,590 1,680 80 do R . S . Barnes do O. W. Hartwell R. S. Barnes 19 do R. S. Barnes 12.4 1914. Mar. 3 do R. S. Barnes 151 3 C. H. Pierce 278 19 20 do do do 512 a Discharge relation affected by ice. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Housatonic River near Great Barrington, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915. Day. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Day. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1913. 1 165 420 335 420 375 240 375 105 295 420 375 335 397 295 65 295 240 240 150 65 65 240 225 225 240 225 240 135 225 225 165 85 56 122 165 159 J 105 159 110 17 35 23 83 57 29 7 57 65 69 81 107 37 105 87 97 105 105 22 6 87 1913. 16 255 255 355 375 355 375 335 225 520 275 255 255 240 122 295 225 225 210 210 122 240 225 240 225 240 240 122 225 195 150 150 35 26 147 43 112 138 77 110 11 112 73 150 112 110 57 9 83 2 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31....... 355 195 335 397 355 375 375 1,050 640 670 640 550 700 805 770 81 3 81 4 57 5 54 6 31 7... 54 8 110 9 122 10 83 11 90 12 35 13 28 14 141 15 165 HOUSATONIC RIVER BASIN. 35 Daily discharge, in second feet, of Housatonic River near Great Barrington, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915 — Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1913-14. 1 135 135 120 95 54 195 107 122 147 195 159 31 95 225 135 135 85 81 22 47 225 150 132 195 255 700 1,580 1,120 980 420 375 255 75 255 210 165 240 275 162 54 910 1,190 1,050 670 520 470 397 255 420 420 495 495 445 375 255 375 315 375 295 420 255 255 375 520 335 355 375 335 520 1,050 640 610 610 580 397 375 495 470 375 375 355 1 255 335 397 355 165 397 495 240 295 255 275 240 225 240 397 375 240 397 375 470 335 335 240 240 255 100 195 180 :::::::: :::::::: :::::::: 470 670 980 805 1,050 910 770 670 470 610 550 495 445 355 355 355 335 670 1,120 1,120 640 315 445 470 520 910 2,470 4,580 5,070 3,920 2,470 2,060 2,560 3,460 2,830 2,650 1,500 1,420 1,740 3,550 4,300 3,920 2,470 2,300 2,060 1,820 1,740 2,830 1,660 1,660 2,300 3,370 3,100 2,470 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,660 1, 660 1,660 1,420 1,260 1,190 840 805 910 1,660 1,500 1,190 1,050 840 735 910 1,500 1,500 1,420 1,260 770 875 640 640 640 610 495 375 295 445 397 550 355 210 295 335 335 255 255 295 275 255 255 275 255 295 335 141 150 195 195 225 225 255 85 255 335 355 210 195 240 75 165 48 240 225 210 195 122 56 105 295 295 255 355 295 165 180 225 225 240 225 165 67 ,255 180 225 180 150 141 17 85 130 150 180 159 85 122 97 - 195 195 141 110 17 51 34 75 165 165 180 141 97 110 153 180 165 195 355 122 335 240 180 159 240 115 22 105 125 2 138 3 165 4 165 5 195 6 56 7 13© 8 195 9 150 10 165 11 13S 12 196 13 56 14 240 15 165 16 196 17 138 18 195 19 122 20 32 21 85 22 165 23 138 24 162 25 162 105 27 48 28 112 29 125 30 110 31 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 115 10 110 159 420 112 122 125 255 470 87 165 150 67 295 13 150 115 90 315 56 97 115 81 335 135 130 77 87 700 122 22 90 445 520 125 159 162 520 580 97 75 85 550 580 24 150 100 295 445 3 107 110 210 375 51 90 61 195 375 32 57 54 610 315 100 132 150 520 335 107 165 135 375 580 97 97 162 335 2,470 49 125 165 295 1,740 1 195 159 420 1,050 48 130 65 1,500 770 125 107 63 1,260 700 122 48 97 165 195 150 17 1,050 397 165 67 295 520 150 105 240 520 110 130 495 520 2 135 445 3,370 85 37 420 3,640 90 122 122 445 3,190 75 90 50 335 1,190 81 11 85 225 83 165 100 95 47 105 135 150 Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 420 195 180 159 355 195 255. 165 295 240 315 295 397 122 420 315 420 110 255 1,340 355 13 420 1,190 315 141 375 1,120 420 122 1,050 770 335 105 4,110 69 315 97 3,370 520 397 81 2,060 520 355 69 1,420 420 315 85 1,190 315 225 97 980 315 295 130 700 375 195 122 495 240 195 75 470 375 255 115 295 470 275 97 275 375 295 73 520 275 255 225 580 210 275 130 470 355 375 225 445 315 295 195 470 580 255 195 470 550 335 165 255 610 295 165 495 520 335 180 295 445 375 210 355 355 165 165 255 195 195 150 550 Sept. 1914-15 1 2 3^ 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 520 980 735 580 580 495 420 420 580 470 335 420 445 375 315 420 397 355 355 315 255 375 335 397 355 420 375 315 225 375 375 375 275 130 275 255 375 520 520 470 397 1,050 2,140 2,060 1,740 770 445 470 610 520 420 375 335 355 240 420 335 295 295 445 470 335 255 153 110 355 240 315 275 240 180 225 225 195 240 225 255 180 240 275 520 445 397 255 210 255 255 75 225 Note.— Discharge determined from a rating curve well defined below 1,700 second-feet. Discharge relation affected by ice Jan. 18 to Feb. 28, 1914. 36 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Housatonic River near Great Barrington, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915. [Drainage area, 280 square miles.] Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Accu- racy. May 17-31. . June July August September. 1913. 1,050 520 295 165 165 October November. December. January February.. March April May June July August September. 1913-14. 1,580 1,190 1,050 5,070 4,300 1,660 355 355 355 240 The year. 5,070 October — November. December. January February . . March April May June July August September. 1914-15. 165 195 195 1,500 3,640 980 2,140 420 240 4,110 1,340 520 The year. 3,640 195 65 65 547 304 203 86.8 75.1 22 54 165 315 1,420 210 48 17 17 32 273 403 415 a 255 a 279 1,130 2,290 844 234 186 147 139 17 549 1 10 17 67 295 225 130 165 13 150 75 80. 106 112 402 954 429 603 309 138 755 462 382 1.95 1.09 .725 .310 .268 .975 1.44 1.48 .911 .993 4.04 8.18 3.01 .835 .664 .525 .496 1.! .289 .379 .400 1.44 3.41 1.53 2.15 1.10 .493 2.70 1.65 .961 1.36 1.09 1.22 .84 .36 .30 1.12 1.61 1.71 1.05 1.03 4.66 9.13 3.47 .93 .77 .61 .55 26.64 .33 .42 .46 1.66 3.55 1.76 2.40 1.27 .55 3.11 1.90 1.07 18.48 a Discharge for the month estimated on account of ice. HOUSATONIC RIVER AT FALLS VILLAGE, CONN. Location.— About half a mile below the power plant of the Connecticut Power Co.; 23 miles north of Gaylordsville. Drainage area. — 644 square miles (authority Stone & Webster Engineering Corpo- ration). Records available. — July 11, 1912, to September 30, 1915. Gage. — Temporary staff gages July 11 to October 26, 1912; chain gage 1,500 feet below the railroad station October 27, 1912, to May 22, 1914; Stevens water-stage recorder 300 feet below chain gage, December 15, 1913, to September 30, 1915; all gage heights referred to datum of chain gage. Discharge measurements. — Made by wading at low stages, from a boat at medium stages, and by means of floats at flood stages. Channel and control. — Channel deep and fairly uniform in cross section;' one channel at all times; control not clearly denned except at low stages; probably permanent. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum stage recorded: 13.3 feet at 4.30 p. m., March 29, 1914; discharge, 8,830 second-feet. Minimum stage recorded: Zero, at yarious times during the months of October, 1914. to January, 1915, owing to shutting down of power plant and storage of water. Winter flow.— Discharge relation not seriously affected by ice. H0USAT0N1C RIVER BASIN. 37 Regulation. — Prior to June, 1914, the flow at low water was regulated by power plants farther upstream; since June, 1914, the plant of the Connecticut Power Co. has completely regulated the low- water flow. The plant has a present capacity of 9.000 kilowatts with a normal head on the wheels of 90 feet. Accuracy. — Record has been obtained by standard methods of stream-gaging and is considered good. Cooperation. — Entire record furnished by Connecticut Power Co. Discharge measurements of Housatonic River at Falls Village, during years 1912-1914. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1912. Aug. 7 8 Oct. 26 27 Nov. 11 12 13 1913. Mar. 17 May 16 D.M. Wood Feet. a 0.63 a. 33 6.05 5.51 4.58 4.02 3.54 6.06 2.45 Sec.-ft. 258 155 2,630 2,270 1,830 1,380 1,130 2,620 667 1913. July 8 9 9 Sept.'20 30 1914. May 21 D. M. Wood Feet. 1.60 1.44 1.55 1.46 .94 4.00 Sec.-ft. 254 do Wood and Hodsdon do G. E. Hodsdon do do Hodsdon and Jony Jony and Downs . do do Jony and Magee do Wood and Jony 205 235 199 82 1,360 a Staff gage. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Housatonic River at Falls Village, Conn., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915. Day. July. Aug. Sept. Day. July. Aug. Sept. Day. July. Aug. Sept. 1912. 1 192 224 266 224 175 248 252 169 172 172 189 445 450 401 576 571 495 425 308 276 1912. 11 383 334 338 440 266 324 262 262 388 284 803 637 545 392 324 347 262 316 276 430 430 304 329 182 214 228 329 374 256 242 1912. 21 329 231 288 255 228 214 196 145 160 175 270 450 374 338 555 370 206 307 206 276 245 206 304 2 i 12 22 250 3 13 23 200 4 i 14 24 234 5 ! 15 25 378 6 16 26 273 7 : 17 27 182 8 ' 18 28 189 9 19 29 214 10 20 .'. 30 234 31 Day. 1912-13. 280 252 256 300 234 154 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 217 238 109 109 157 136 109 91 166 .., 2,160 35 1 2,960 Oct. Nov. I Dec. 646 790 1,120 790 775 710 632 2,130 2,800 2,410 1,820 1,380 i 1,190 1,190 1,550 ; 845 1,050 1,720 1,960 1,900 1,990 1,960 1,880 1,540 1,340 1,230 1,120 1,100 1,120 1,080 Jan. 2,110 2,800 2,430 2,740 2,800 3,020 2,840 2,600 2,340 2,070 1,470 8o0 2,080 1,300 ! 925 2,140 1,170 1,100 2,300 1,000 1,230 2, 670 975 1,530 2,720 950 1,580 2, 650 875 1.590 2, 080 860 1,530 2,080 865 1,510 2,130 870 1,320 2,150 Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. 1,770 1,660 4,410 1,420 632 208 1,660 1,330 3,660 1,270 700 196 1,600 1,290 3,180 1,010 800 328 1,320 1,320 2,880 860 800 294 1,290 1,260 2,720 480 1,250 211 1,600 1,020 2,660 845 1,120 208 1,550 825 2,500 840 1,060 175 1,540 865 2,300 700 1,080 224 1,480 910 2,100 650 740 214 1,420 1,290 1,810 508 624 208 1,480 1,790 1,670 480 592 217 1,320 1,930 3,670 440 529 224 1,120 1,720 4,200 610 472 208 1,000 1,890 4,240 628 428 199 915 3, 210 4,060 556 360 211 940 3,900 3,420 542 208 199 588 3,800 2,980 619 199 175 900 3,500 2,500 574 178 196 655 2,730 2,180 512 184 214 725 2,390 1,740 655 360 202 750 2,410 1,540 664 725 154 1,140 2,430 1,520 810 400 80 1,640 2,330 1,450 880 388 205 1,510 1,980 1,320 1,460 400 214 1,230 1,960 1,290 1,970 400 214 Aug. Sept 118 133 178 187 202 118 190 184 190 214 136 112 142 133 136 115 142 118 lis 118 196 190 172 163 190 190 187 205 178 211 175 163 187 163 196 166 166 181 85 92 80 166 166 184 166 178 283 297 38 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Housatonic River at Falls Village, Conn., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-191 5— Continued. Day. 1912 13. 26 27 28 29 30 31 1913-14. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1914-15' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 , 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Oct. 2,690 2,360 1,420 1,160 1,000 725 308 420 448 297 205 211 178 154 196 178 181 214 376 280 311 258 227 205 199 196 262 314 346 290 592 2,060 4,510 3,500 2,630 1,700 1,270 160 169 151 139 163 166 166 169 157 160 133 154 148 59 24 37 60 92 121 121 136 121 121 Nov. 725 1,170 1,040 1,060 1,100 592 596 700 740 601 583 538 710 1,220 2,020 2,010 1,350 1,220 1,010 1,040 900 1,170 1,180 1,060 885 950 955 850 795 900 880 90 109 109 118 136 133 100 98 112 118 87 73 29 154 139 136 136 127 139 124 157 148 145 112 115 115 100 160 Dec. 1,200 1,370 1,450 1,440 1,470 1,810 1,000 870 740 745 805 1,550 1,490 1,300 1,240 900 1,170 1,010 740 875 900 915 700 725 619 715 735 870 930 835 810 855 900 870 673 139 154 151 142 112 95 115 136 157 118 130 139 106 148 145 151 151 151 124 100 151 148 130 125 109 86 98 138 136 141 130 Jan. 2,150 2,110 2,080 1,400 1,290 1,690 600 550 450 400 350 350 350 350 350 300 300 250 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 600 1,200 800 ' 800 900 1,000 1,400 1,600 45 70 35 135 140 145 950 2,240 1,680 1,270 760 950 2,090 2,000 1,240 765 668 1,700 2,690 2,660 2,040 1,290 965 1,650 1,420 1,190 1,000 810 655 696 583 Feb. 1,290 825 1.690 1,800 1,600 1,300 1,100 1,000 800 800 800 800 700 700 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 500 450 450 450 400 350 400 400 1,050 1,500 1,360 1,150 1,060 1,340 2,320 1,950 1,490 1,240 960 840 870 3,830 3,960 3,140 2,200 1,490 1,170 965 1,040 1,330 3,760 5,850 4,800 3,740 Mar. 2,430 3,930 6,960 8,110 7,160 5,520 400 1,000 2,500 2,300 2,100 1,900 1,600 1,400 1,280 1,330 1,240 1,420 1,020 975 855 850 2,020 2,800 2,530 2,120 1,950 1,920 860 1,000 2,350 1,590 4,040 7,190 8,520 7,390 5,640 2,760 2,020 1,640 1,320 1,340 1,140 1,040 920 935 955 920 725 735 730 664 601 691 646 592 588 538 538 547 512 592 642 655 601 601 Apr. 1,250 1,050 1,070 1,610 1,510 4,640 4,580 5,100 4,830 4,320 3,120 2,750 2,860 4,740 5,680 5,640 5,040 4,260 3,660 3,300 3,280 3,190 3,220 3,050 3,050 3,820 4,280 4,140 3,600 2,930 2,900 3,350 3,220 3,090 3,100 542 484 488 432 556 632 915 1,090 1,030 1,020 1,340 2,740 3,120 2,810 2,240 1,620 1,390 1,230 990 1,070 1,000 830 875 795 740 637 686 720 673 730 May. 1,600 1,150 1,030 1,710 1,650 1,240 2,710 2,470 1,960 1,710 1,860 3,330 3,430 3,050 2,630 2,260 1,700 1,900 2,770 3,160 2,840 2,600 2,120 1,640 1,530 1,460 1,440 1,320 1, 100 835 691 750 780 780 790 637 480 855 820 682 673 740 765 650 740 920 715 705 664 610 534 460 464 436 476 504 500 456 700 678 668 596 547 614 601 476 432 356 June. 332 336 272 220 606 583 332 512 632 565 583 448 400 408 440 332 220 380 300 416 404 388 234 404 619 230 262 227 248 318 262 290 346 325 356 318 241 311 308 314 280 224 187 154 234 266 255 241 297 356 529 512 452 420 560 420 416 276 350 336 339 July. 109 139 139 115 148 154 392 396 244 208 353 570 420 416 396 372 318 318 314 297 350 308 266 272 283 255 248 238 208 238 220 224 220 214 339 504 715 865 845 830 910 ,080 ,390 1, 3. 4,480 4,390 3,540 2,630 1,990 1,580 1,280 835 1,360 1,220 1,400 1,230 1,080 935 730 745 850 850 850 840 166 80 175 196 202 217 196 220 217 224 252 234 214 196 258 280 262 248 234 202 190 258 252 248 227 208 300 392 332 346 300 269 276 336 244 266 529 583 664 1,210 3,220 3,320 2,720 2,170 1,610 1,460 1,330 1,230 1,170 895 830 850 1,020 1,060 910 845 632 1,010 1,730 1,740 1,450 1,440 1,260 1,040 960 1,060 975 Note.— Gage-height record lacking, and discharge estimated Sept. 22, Oct. 7-14, 1912, and July 28-30, 1915. Ice reported in river Feb. 7-23, 1913, Jan. 1 to Mar. 8, 1914, and Jan. 1-7, 1915. HOUSATONIC RIVER BASIN. 39 Monthly discharge of Housatonic River at Falls Village, Conn., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915. {Drainage area, 644 square miles.] Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. Minimum. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). 1912. July 11-31 August September 1912-13 October November > December January February March April May June July August September The year 1913-14 vccober November December January February March April May June July August September The year 1914-15 October November December January February March April May June July August September The year 440 803 576 2,960 2,800 1,990 3,020 1,770 8,110 4,410 1,970 1,250 328 214 297 8,110 4,510 2,020 1,550 1,600 1,800 8,520 5,680 3,430 696 570 392 252 160 157 2,690 5,850 2,760 3,120 920 560 4,480 3,320 1,090 145 169 182 275 321 316 0.427 .498 .491 91 632 845 1,290 588 825 1,050 440 178 80 80 72 591 1,180 1,410 2,300 1,250 2,700 2,420 915 536 193 157 181 1,150 154 538 619 200 350 400 2,750 480 220 208 190 136 726 984 912 513 721 2,390 3,820 1,830 407 306 255 196 136 24 29 86 35 840 512 432 356 154 339 529 350 122 117 131 1,110 2, 030 884 1,110 614 332 1,430 1,320 605 5, 850 24 810 .918 1.83 2.19 3.57 1.94 4.19 3.76 1.42 .832 .297 .244 .281 1.79 1.13 1.53 1.42 .797 1.12 3.71 5.95 2.84 .632 .475 .396 .304 .189 .182 .203 1.72 3.15 1.37 1.72 .953 .516 2.22 2.05 .939 1.26 0.33 .57 .55 1.06 2.04 2.52 4.12 2.02 4.83 4.20 1.64 .93 .34 .28 .31 24.29 1.30 1.71 1.64 .92 1.17 4.28 6.64 3.27 .71 .55 .46 .34 22. ( .22 .20 .23 1.98 3.28 1.58 1.92 1.10 .58 2.56 2.36 1.05 17.1 40 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. Days of deficiency in discharge of Housatonic River at Falls Village, Conn., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915. Discharge in sec- ond-feet. Theoreti- cal horse- power per foot of fall. Days of deficiency in discharge. - 1912 a 1912-13 1913-14 1914-15 ' 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 . 800 900 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 11.4 17.0 22.7 28.4 34.1 39.8 45.4 51.1 56.8 68.2 79.5 90.9 102 114 170 227 284 341 454 568 682 795 909 1,020 7 37 83 111 120 124 127 132 135 143 154 166 182 189 255 299 328 347 357 361 362 363 364 365 20 78 100 104 109 119 125 135 148 177 209 230 250 270 323 335 344 351 361 364 365 1 13 30 46 60 67 73 76 80 81 82 2 27 76 101 127 145 161 168 178 199 216 241 252 287 304 315 328 347 357 362 362 364 365 a July 11 to Sept. 30, 1912. Note. — The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot of fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were, respectively, less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, which may be as large as 5 per cent. CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. GENERAL FEATURES. Connecticut River rises in the Connecticut lakes in northern New Hampshire and flows southward between New Hampshire and Ver- mont and across Massachusetts and Connecticut into Long Island Sound. It is the largest river in New England except the St. John, is about 345 miles long, and drains an area of 11,300 square miles, which is distributed as follows: Square miles. Canada 105 New Hampshire 3, 120 Vermont 3, 970 Massachusetts 2, 720 Connecticut .> 1, 430 The river has many important tributaries, among which are Pas- sumpsio, Ammonoosuc, Wells, White, Mascoma, Ottaqueechee, Sugar, West, and Ashuelot rivers, which join north of the Massachusetts line; Millers, Deerfield, Chicopee, and Westfleld rivers, which enter in the State of Massachusetts; and Farmington River, which enters near Hartford, Conn. . CONNECTICUT RIVEE BASIN. 41 From its headwaters in the Connecticut lakes to Long Island Sound the Connecticut falls about 1,900 feet. The upper parts of its basin are rugged, and for the most part forested, and the surface is broken by undulating ridges which here and there rise to mountain height. In central and southern New Hampshire and Vermont the country is hilly and most of the tributary streams have a good fall, but more of the area is in cultivation. Deerfield and Westfield rivers, rising in the Berkshires, in Massachusetts, are quick-spilling streams, with steep slopes and narrow valleys, largely wooded; Millers and Chicopee rivers, on the east, drain a flatter country in which ponds and reservoirs are numerous. In Connecticut the river valley is as a rule broad and the country rolling, its soil is very fertile, and it is an important farming district. The rocks are in general granite, gneiss, mica slate, and mica schists. An exception to this is the red sandstone in the Connecti- cut Valley extending from New Haven nearly to the northern bound- ary of Massachusetts. The prevailing surface material is glacial drift. The mean annual precipitation in the Connecticut Valley is about 40 inches, ranging from about 45 inches at Hartford to probably about 35 inches in the extreme upper portions. In a general way, there is usually a difference of a month in the time of beginning of the spring season in the lower portion of the river and at its headwaters, and this tends to diminish the severity of floods from melting snow and equalize the spring run-off. The range in winter weather is also somewhat variable, the lower courses of the river being frequently subject to several thaws, whereas the upper third of the river usually remains frozen throughout the winter. Snow accumulates to con- siderable depths. The river is navigable to Hartford and, by smaller boats, as far as Holyoke. The natural facilities for storage on Connecticut River are perhaps less than on many of the New England rivers, although on Millers, Deerfield, and Chicopee rivers some storage has been developed. There are, however, many places in this basin where reservoirs could be constructed, and there is need of systematic effort in this direction as the low-water flow on the Connecticut could be much improved by utilizing some of these storage sites, especially in the upper parts of the basin. Sunapee Lake, tributary to the Connecticut through Sugar River, is 6.5 square miles in area and can be drawn down 60 inches. The Connecticut and its tributaries are very important for water power. On the main river large power plants are in operation at Wilder, Bellows Falls, Vernon, Turners Falls, and Holyoke, but many power sites in this basin still remain undeveloped. 42 SUKFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. The longest record of flow in the Connecticut basin is that made at Holyoke, Mass., which extends back to 1880. This record was interrupted in 1899, but since 1904 the records of the station at Sunderland are available. The driest year during the period cov- ered by these records was 1882-83, and the wettest 1889-90, the total flow during these two years being about in the ratio of 1 to 2.06. The drainage areas of the river and of several of its tributaries are given in the following table : Drainage areas of Connecticut River and tributaries. River. ■Connecticut. Do Do Do Do Passumpsic . White West Ashuelot Millers Deerfield. . . . Chicopee Westfield... Locality. Mouth Hartford, Conn Holyoke, Mass Sunderland, Mass., at gaging station. Or ford, N. H., at gaging station Mouth ....do Area. Sq. miles. 11,400 10,600 8,390 8,000 3,100 470 740 440 440 394 667 721 515 CONNECTICUT RIVER AT ORFORD, N. H. Location. — At covered highway bridge between Orford, N. H., and Fairlee, Vt., approximately 10 miles downstream (by river) from mouth of Waits River. Drainage area. — 3,100* square miles. Records available. — August 6, 1900, to September 30, 1915. •Gage. — Chain attached to upstream side of bridge and inclined staff on left bank below bridge. Discharge measurements. — Open- water measurements made from downstream side of the bridge or from a cable. Channel and control. — Channel wide and deep with gravelly bottom; control for low stages slightly shifting. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum stage recorded, 1900-1915: 33.4 feet at noon, March 28, 1913 (see fig. 5, p. 56); approximate discharge, determined from exten- sion of rating curve, 57,300 second-feet. Minimum discharge for 24 hours: 288 second-feet, September 28, 1908. Winter plow. — Discharge relation seriously affected by ice, usually from December to March, but the relation remains unusually constant during each period. Regulation. — A special study by means of temporary installation of a water-stage recorder during September and October, 1914, showed no appreciable effect from the operation of any power plants above the station. Accuracy. — Rating curve fairly well defined and estimates during open-water periods considered good. i Remeasured since published in previous reports. CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 43 Discharge measurements of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H., during 1900-1915, Date. 1900. Aug. 7 1901. Apr. 15 June 22 Oct. 5 Nov. 2 1902. Apr. 10 Nov. 22 1903. Jan. 24 29 29 30 Feb. 7 7 Mar. 14 Apr. 23 June 2 July 16 Aug. 29 Sept. 19 1904. Feb. 3 3 4 4 5 5 Apr. 30 July 6 1905. Feb. 28 Mar. 1 1 Apr. 5 6 Aug. 30 1906. Feb. 8 15 17 Mar. 14 15 Made by- E. G. Paul. C. A. Holden. ....do do do C. A. Holden. ....do C. A. Holden ....do ....do ....do ....do ....do ....do ....do E.C. Murphy N. C. Grover C. A. Holden ....do ....do C. A. Holden ....do ....do ....do ....do ....do ....do S. K. Clapp. . T. W. Norcross... ....do ....do A. D. Butterfield. ....do T. W. Norcross... T. W. Norcross Norcross and Adams . . ....do Barrows and Norcross. T. W. Norcross Gage height. Feet. 3.6( 3.47 3.67 11.63 6.80 6 7.20 6 6.60 6 6.90 6 7.40 6 7.45 6 7.45 20.7 8.25 3.26 3.53 4.55 2.30 2.13 6 4.15 6 4.12 6 4.08 6 4.20 6 4.03 6 4.03 18.03 4.74 6 4.07 6 4.26 6 4.25 11.9 11.7 5.62 6 6.84 6 6.80 6 6.56 6 6.00 6 5.59 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 1,530 17, 000 4,240 1,460 1,590 10, 700 4,470 2,970 2,620 2,690 2,980 2,990 3,030 24, 700 6,220 1,170 1,520 2,150 768 673 884 876 785 792 790 799 20,900 2,350 766 739 I 11,500 ! 10,900 2,980 i 2,250 2,240 2,040 1,680 1,490 Date. 1907. Feb. 20 21 Sept. 27 1908. Mar. 4 Sept. 24 Dec. 24 1909. Feb. 9 July 19 Sept. 9 Oct. 26 Dec. 18 1910. Mar. 29 Aug. 17 1911. Apr. 29 June 22 1912. Feb. 21 Oct. 22 1913. Mar. 10 Apr. 30 Sept. 11 1914. Jan. 5 16 Feb. 4 23 Nov. 4 Dec. 23 1915. Jan. 15 Feb. 9 25 26 Apr. 28 Sept. 17 17 18 Made by— Butterfield and Mention do D. M.Wood D.M.Wood. ....do Wood and French. H. F. French. D. M. Wood.. ....do ....do ....do T. W. Norcross. G. M. Brett Covert and De Golyer. G. H. Canfield G. H. Canfield . C. S. De Golyer C. S. De Golyer. R. S. Barnes G. H. Canfield.. W . S. Easterly.. .do .do C. Covert S. Barnes S. De Golyer. S. Barnes R. S. Barnes ....do ....do ....do ....do Thweatt and Adams. G. F. Adams ....do Gage height. Feet. 6 4.51 6 4.64 5.87 6 7.11 2.04 6 3.53 6 8.90 4.48 4.53 5.18 6 5.10 15.38 5.99 18.75 4.82 6 5.28 5.31 6 5.52 11.65 2.47 6 5.42 6 4.89 6 6.44 6 5.22 4.85 6 4.92 6 4.80 6 5.73 6 6.80 6 13.0 23.52 13.70 4.16 4.05 3.82 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 1,100 1,090 3,710 2,340 4,140 1,800 1,800 2,340 1,640 17, 000 3,280 24, 100 2,280 1,370 2,550 1,420 10, 900 604 1,580 1,190 1,940 1,060 2,120 1,040 1,040 1,410 1,600 9,190 34,500 14, 100 1,390 1,440 1,330 a Estimated or partly estimated. 6 Discharge relation affected by ice; gage read to water surface. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H.,for the years ending Sept. 30, 1900-1915. Day. Aug. Sept. Day. Aug. Sept. Day. Aug. Sept. 1900. 1 1,100 1,460 1, 530 1,220 1,100 815 1,000 950 1,000 1,100 1900. II.. 4 .... 2,520 2,610 2,880 3,270 4,120 5,110 4, 450 3,900 3,070 2,700 1,000 950 815 950 905 1,000 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,000 1900. i 21... 2,190 1,880 1,600 1,460 1,340 1,340 1,340 950 1,220 1,160 1,100 1,000 2 12 22 1 100 3 13. 23 2,030 2,520 2,190 1,8S0 4 14... 24 5 15... 25 6 1,670 1,460 1,600 1,740 2,350 16 26... 7 17.. 27 1 600 8 18... 28 1,400 9 19... 29 1,880 10 20... 30 2,350 31 44 Daily SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. e, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H.,for the years ending Sept. 30, 1900-1915— Continued. Day. 1900-1901 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27. 28 29 30 31 Oct. 2,790 4,010 3,790 2,700 2,350 1,880 2, 700 3,680 3,270 3,680 4,780 12,000 12,600 9,180 6,770 5,900 5, 660 5,220 4,780 4,340 4,010 3,680 3,070 3,270 3,070 3,270 3,170 2,880 2,880 2, 520 2,350 Nov. 2,190 2,110 2,030 1,880 1,600 1,600 1,950 3,470 10, 100 13,700 13,700 12,000 8,880 7,740 6,140 5, 660 4,450 3,680 4,010 5,660 10, 200 14,600 16,300 15,300 12, 500 9,770 10, 100 10, 400 8,300 6, 770 Dec. 6,380 6,140 5,660 5,330 5,110 5,000 5,110 5,110 5, 110 5,550 5, 110 5, 110 5,220 5,110 4,780 4,230 4,120 4,010 4,010 4,120 4,230 4,010 4,230 4,450 5, 550 6,900 6,640 6,260 5,900 5,900 5,900 Jan. 5,500 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,600 3,300 3,000 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,700 2,700 2,700 2,700 2,700 2, 600 2,600 2,600 2,600 2,600 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,400 2,400 2,400 2,400 2,400 Feb. 2,400 2,400 2,300 2,300 2,300 2,000 2,000 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,400 2,400 2,400 2,400 2,300 2,300 2,300 2,200 2,200 2,200 2,100 2,100 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 1,900 1,900 Mar. 1,800 1,800 1,800 1,800 1,800 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,500 2, 500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,300 5,000 9,320 10,800 15,900 21,300 19,500 16,100 13,700 Apr. 12,300 11,000 12,300 17, 400 22, 100 21,700 24, 200 29, 700 31,900 31,000 28,400 25, 400 22,900 21,300 21,300 21,700 22, 100 22.500 23; 400 24,200 24,200 25,900 29, 700 32,300 32, 600 29,700 24,600 19,700 16,600 14, 800 May. 15,500 16,300 15, 500 13,300 11,000 9,320 8,020 7,460 7,040 7,040 7,460 8,020 8,300 8,300 7,740 6,380 5,550 5,660 6,900 9,180 11,600 8,300 7,740 7,600 9, 180 9,470 8,020 7,600 8,300 9,180 9,030 June. July. 7,600 6,900 5,900 6,140 6,640 6,640 6,380 5,440 6,140 6,260 5,900 5,660 5,330 4, 560 4,010 3,680 3,470 3.270 2, 790 2,700 2,610 4,340 5,000 6,510 6,900 6,020 4,780 3,790 4, 340 7,600 8,450 6,640 3,680 5,000 5, 220 5,900 4,340 4,230 4,010 4,340 4,120 4,010 4,010 3,170 2,190 1,810 1,740 1,670 2, 520 2, 520 2,520 2,270 1,950 1,740 1,670 1,400 1,280 1,460 1,880 2,430 5,000 Aug. 6,140 5,660 3,900 3,470 3,170 3,070 2,790 3,680 4,450 5,7S0 6,640 6, 510 6,380 5,220 4,230 3,570 4,340 4,340 4,120 3,900 3,900 2,700 2, 520 2,350 2,270 2,190 1,810 1,600 1,400 1,340 1,100 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. 1,340 1,670 1,460 5,000 2,700 12,100 23,200 16,800 17,000 6,020 1,340 1,670 1,530 6,000 2,600 27, 100 21,700 16,400 11,500 5,780 1,400 1,600 1,600 6, 000 2,600 43, 400 18,200 16,600 9,320 6,260 1,400 2,030 1,500 6,000 2,600 38,800 14, 400 15,000 11,600 6,770 1,460 1,460 1,500 6,000 2,500 -?5,000 11,300 14, 800 12,300 5,660 1,670 1,340 1,500 5,500 2,500 29, 300 10,800 9,470 11,200 5,330 1,880 1,340 1,500 5,000 2,500 21,900 10, 100 9,320 10,800 4,670 1,740 1,280 1,500 5,000 2,500 18,700 9,620 8,300 10,500 4, [60 1,530 1,340 1,500 4, 500 2,500 18,500 9,320 7,320 9,770 4,340 1,530 1,400 2,500 4,000 2,500 18,500 10,200 7,040 12, 500 4,340 1,460 1,740 3,000 3,800 2,400 19,100 12,600 7,040 11,500 4, 120 1,460 1,600 4, 560 3,700 2,400 19,300 13,000 6, 260 10, 200 3,470 1.400 1,340 5, 220 3,600 2,400 20,300 14,200 5,780 9,030 3,170 1,880 1,740 5; 669 3,500 2,300 19,300 13, 000 5,000 7,740 3,070 2,190 2,030 13,000 3,400 2,300 18,700 12, 600 5,330 7,460 2,880 4,670 2,030 30, 400 3, 300. 2,200 18.500 11,300 5,550 7, 180 3,470 5,220 2,110 28,400 3,200 2,200 18, 500 8,600 5,220 11,300 3,790 3,470 2, 350 20,300 3,100 2,200 18, 700 8, 880 4,890 14,600 3,790 3,370 2,190 16, 100 3,100 2,100 18,500 9,320 4,560 15,300 3,900 3,070 1,810 8,600 3,100 2,100 18,900 9,320 4,670 10,400 3,900 2,970 1,670 6, 140 3,000 2, 100 18,900 9,620 4,560 6,900 4,010 2,790 1,400 6,640 3,000 2,000 19, 100 11,600 4,780 6,640 4,450 2,610 1,400 7, !<*0 3,000 2,000 19, 100 12, 100 4,670 6, 140 4, 890 2,430 1,530 6,000 3,000 3,000 18,500 12,300 5, 550 5, 550 4, 670 2,270 1,950 5,000 2,800 5,000 18,400 12, 600 6,140 5,110 4,560 2,110 2,030 4,500 2,800 8,000 16,800 13,700 8,160 4,890 4,340 2,430 2,110 4,000 2,800 5,660 14,800 16,300 12, 000 6,900 3,900 2, 520 1,950 3,800 2,700 2,880 11,600 16, 400 29, 500 8, 450 3,370 2, 350 1,530 3,500 2,700 9,770 16,600 31,900 8,300 3,070 1,950 1, 530 3,500 2,700 14.400 16, 400 26, 700 7,600 2,790 1,740 3,000 2,700 21,700 20,500 2,520 1901-2, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8...... 9 10 , 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 2,190 4,890 6,510 7,460 6,140 5,000 4,780 4, 670 4, 560 4,780 4, 560 5, 780 8,300 6,380 4,780 4, 560 4,230 3,680 3, 070 2,700 2, 430 2,350 3,070 4,230 4,560 5,550 5,220 2,790 2, 350 2,270 2,270 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 45 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H. Sept. 30, 1900-1915— Continued. for the years ending Oct. Nov Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 2,880 2,700 2,G10 2,350 2,520 2, 520 2,520 2,520 2,610 10, 100 8,020 6,640 5,900 5,550 5, 000 4,780 4,560 4,230 2,970 3,900 3,070 3,680 3,270 3,470 3,070 3,680 2,970 5,000 2,880 6,140 2,790 6,260 2,790 6,260 2,700 5,660 2,700 5,330 2,790 4,670 3,270 4,560 5,550 4,340 5,000 4,230 4, 560 4,340 4,120 ■ 4,340 3,470 4,120 3,070 3,900 6,140 3,790 19,700 3, 680 14,800 3,470 12,000 860 1,280 860 1,340 905 1,530 905 1,880 905 1,810 1,050 1,740 1,220 1,670 1,280 2,110 1,280 2,030 1,340 1,880 1,220 1,810 1,100 1,600 1,000 1,530 860 1,400 905 1,280 905 1,340 950 1,400 1,000 1,460 1,740 1,460 1,880 1,340 2,030 1,220 1,740 1,340 1,530 1,340 1,600 1,400 1,740 1,340 1,950 1,280 1,810 1,160 1,740 1,100 1,530 1,050 1,280 1,160 1,280 3,270 3,270 3,370 3,370 3,130 2,890 2,650 2,650 2,600 2,600 2,600 2,600 2,580 2,650 2,930 2, 930 2,930 2,930 2,930 3,560 3,140 3,020 2,910 2,800 2,680 2,740 2,800 2,860 2,930 3,280 3,350 1,220 1,220 1,280 1,340 1,340 1,280 1,530 1,530 1,460 1,460 1,530 1,670 1,670 1,670 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,750 2,800 2,100 1,960 1,610 1,340 1,280 1,220 1,100 1,040 1,040 3,350 3,350 3,420 3,420 3,230 3,140 3,000 2,860 2,830 2,810 2,790 2,770 2,740 2,710 2,680 2, 6*50 2,650 2,560 2,460 2,360 2,260 2,580 3,210 3,070 2,720 2,650 2,510 2,380 2,580 2,860 3,560 920 920 920 980 980 800 800 800 750 700 700 750 800 750 700 700 650 650 650 700 700 700 700 750 750 750 800 800 4,170 4,090 3,850 3,700 3,700 3,630 3,140 2,860 2,860 2,930 3,070 2,930 3,420 3,930 3,850 3,770 3,770 3,490 3,140 3,140 3,070 3,070 3,070 3,070 2,930 2,860 2,860 2,720 800 800 800 750 750 750 700 700 700 750 750 750 750 750 750 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 860 920 920 1,040 1,100 1,220 1,160 13,200 17.800 17,400 16, 100 14,800 13, 800 12,000 11, £00 17,600 24, 800 31,900 33,400 33; 000 29,300 27,400 26, 300 25,000 22, 100 19,500 21,500 28,200 33,700 37, 800 40, 100 39, 900 37, 000 32,100 25.900 19,900 16,100 13,900 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,220 1,400 1,400 1,470 3, 360 3,670 3,010 2,590 2,24 2, 03o 1,960 1,820 1,680 1,750 1,610 1,540 1,540 1,680 1,890 8,840 8,840 10, 400 17.200 18,600 21,700 18,500 15, 900 18, 500 16, 600 13,900 14,400 22, 900 18,900 16, 100 14, 000 15, 500 15,500 15,200 13,900 12,300 10,700 10, 500 10,200 10,400 8,880 8,160 8,020 7,180 6,380 6,140 5, 550 5,550 5, 550 5,440 5,330 5,110 5,110 14,600 13,700 13,300 11,200 8,880 8,160 9,470 10,400 14,000 18, 900 21, 700 20, 900 18, 200 14, 800 10,700 8,450 7,460 7,740 7,460 6,640 6,640 6,900 7,320 9,030 11,000 16, 300 17,800 18, 500 21,500 22,100 5, 660 5,7S0 5,660 5,000 4,670 4,340 4,010 4,010 4, 120 4,340 4,450 4,560 4,340 3,470 3,680 3,270 3,270 3.270 2; 880 2,520 2, F20 2, 430 1,950 2,110 2,030 1,740 1,600 1,530 i>eso 1,460 1,460 22, 500 22,900 21,300 20.900 19,700 16, 800 15,700 13, 300 11, 300 11,300 11,600 14, 600 13,200 10, 100 8,740 14,800 18,900 19,500 23, 600 22,900 22,300 16,800 13,000 10,400 8,740 8,300 7,600 7,040 6,770 6,640 6,260 1,740 1,400 1,280 1,280 1,160 1,100 1,220 1,340 1,400 1,600 1,460 2,190 4,780 7,740 7,740 5,660 4, 120 3,170 2,790 2,790 3,070 3,370 6,260 5, 660 4,670 3,470 3,270 2, 520 2,190 2,190 4,780 4, 340 4,120 3,570 3,470 3,470 3,790 5,000 6,260 5,780 4,670 3,900 3,270 2,880 2,610 2,270 2,190 2,190 2,110 2,110 2,030 1,530 1, 670 1,740 1,810 1,740 1,810 1,400 1,950 1,810 2,030 2,030 2,190 2,430 2, 520 2,190 1,950 1,810 1,530 1,400 1,530 2,110 2,520 2,110 1,670 1,400 1,460 2,110 2,970 2,970 2, 350 2,350 2,350 2,430 2,520 2,<*30 3,370 4,010 3,470 2,880 2,610 1,810 1,740 1,710 1,880 2,350 2,270 1,950 1,670 1,530 1,400 1,460 1,000 1,050 1,340 1,670 1,740 1,670 1, 670 1,160 1,100 1,000 950 950 815 860 905 905 1,100 1,340 1,400 1,460 2,610 3, 470 2,970 2,110 1,880 1,600 1,600 1,530 1,530 1,530 1,670 2,110 2,110 2,030 1,950 1,880 2,110 1 . 810 l,34u 1,280 1,460 2,270 3,270 3,170 2,970 2,610 2,350 2,430 2,190 1,950 2,030 1,530 1,600 1,600 1,460 1,400 1,340 1,160 1,050 905 1,000 1,600 1,740 1,530 1,460 1,600 2, 350 3,900 4,780 4,340 4, 120 3,470 2. 700 2,350 2,030 1,600 1,280 46 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H.,for the years ending- Sept. 30, 1900-1915— Continued. Day. 1904-5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25. ..„. 26 27 28...... 29 30 31 Oct. 8,880 10,800 10,500 9,920 9,180 7,320 5,220 5,000 4,560 4,230 4,230 4,010 4,560 4,230 4,120 4,120 3,900 3,680 3,370 3,270 3,270 5,220 6,640 6,380 5,660 5,550 5,330 5,000 5,000 4,560 4,450 Nov. 3,790 3,570 3,570 3,370 3,270 Dec. 2,110 1,970 1,830 1,970 1,830 3, 270 1, 630 3,070 1,510 2,970 2,880 2,520 2,350 2,190 2,030 2,430 2,350 2,350 1,970 1,970 1, 830 1,750 2,270 2,320 2,480 2,590 2,670 2,590 2,270 2,190 2,110 2,110 1,460 1,350 1,240 1,130 1,050 1,050 1,050 1,050 1,050 1,050 970 950 950 950 940 940 940 920 900 900 900 900 900 900 Jan. 800 800 800 720 770 820 870 920 970 1,020 1,070 1,000 1,000 975 975 950 950 880 880 880 840 840 800 800 800 800 700 Feb. 700 700 700 600 600 620 640 660 660 680 700 720 730 740 740 740 740 740 760 740 720 660 620 600 600 600 Mar. 580 580 560 560 560 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 670 800 850 910 1,000 1,100 1,180 2,070 3,060 3,480 3,620 3,730 5,300 19,300 24,600 31,900 37,200 ! 37, 200 35, 400 Apr. 33,200 31,000 23, 400 15, 200 11,300 11,000 13, 300 13,000 12,000 9,770 10, 200 12, 500 13, 500 13, 300 13, 000 12,300 10, 700 9,180 7,740 7,040 11,000 14,000 15,200 13, 700 11,300 9,770 9,620 10,500 11,600 12, 600 May. 12,600 12, 100 9,620 10, 100 12,000 12,600 13, 000 12, 600 11,800 10, 100 10, 700 10, 200 8,300 7,880 7,600 7,180 6,900 7,180 7,040 6,900 6,900 6,770 6,380 5,660 5,000 4,670 4,120 6,510 7,040 6,140 4,670 June. 4,450 4,230 3,680 3,790 4,010 4,120 5,220 4,560 4,340 3,680 3,270 2,880 3,470 5,220 5,780 5,000 4,560 3,170 3,270 3,570 3,370 3,470 3,470 3,370 2,970 2,610 3,370 7,180 7,460 5,900 July. 6,510 7,040 10, 400 17, 600 15,200 9,920 4,780 3,900 3,470 3,270 2,970 2,700 2,790 2,700 2,520 2,610 2,700 2,610 2,610 3,900 4,010 3,570 2,520 2,190 1,950 1,670 1,670 1,600 1,600 1, 530 3,470 Aug. 3,680 5,000 7,320 5,330 4,340 3,070 2,610 2,610 3,070 3,370 2,610 2,790 2,430 2,520 2,610 3,370 6,020 6,140 5,110 3,900 3,070 2,610 2,350 2,030 1,670 1,460 1,460 2,190 3,680 3,370 4,450 Day. 1905-6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 3,270 2,030 6,210 5,660 8,020 2,500 5,200 7,320 14,600 4,010 2,970 3,170 2,110 7,600 6,000 6,510 2,200 5,000 8,160 11,800 4,010 2,970 2,880 2,030 8,650 6,500 4,310 2,100 5,000 12,000 9,180 3,790 2,970 2,880 2,110 9,360 6,000 4,000 2,100 4,000 14, 600 7,320 3,370 2,110 2,700 2,270 10,200 5,000 3,500 2,000 4,000 14, 200 8,160 3,570 1,670 2,610 3,070 10, 100 4,000 3,000 2,000 4,000 13,000 8,020 3,680 1,950 2,520 3,570 9,770 3,000 2,500 2,000 4,000 12, 600 9,320 3,370 1,530 2,350 4,010 9,470 3,000 2,250 2,000 4,000 12, 100 10, 400 2,970 1,460 2,270 3,790 8,600 2,500 2,250 2,000 4,000 10, 700 11,800 2,880 1,670 2,190 3,680 6,140 2,500 2, 250 1,800 4,000 13, 500 11,200 2,430 1,670 2,110 3,470 5,440 2,500 2,250 1,800 4,000 15, 000 9,470 2,970 1,460 2,110 3,370 4,120 2,000 2,250 1,800 3,000 14, 200 7,460 2,970 1,160 2,880 3,070 4,010 2,000 2,250 1,800 3,000 13,200 6,770 3,070 1,400 3,170 3,070 3,900 2,000 2,250 1,700 3,000 18,000 6,260 2,610 1,160 3,170 2,970 3,900 2,000 2,250 1,500 10,000 18,900 5,550 2,430 1,220 2,970 2,790 3,900 2,000 2,150 1,600 29, 700 17, 400 5,000 2,520 1,050 2,700 2,970 4,120 2,000 2,050 1,600 30, 200 19,300 4,340 2,110 1,100 2,430 3,070 3,570 2,000 2,200 1,600 29, 700 19, 700 3,900 1,950 1,160 2,430 2,880 3,070 2,000 2/500 1,600 27, 100 14, 200 3,570 1,740 1,220 2,520 2,970 3,270 2,000 2,500 1,600 24, 800 13, 200 3,270 1,740 1,340 2,790 3,070 3,570 2,500 2,500 1,600 ^3,400 11, 800 3,680 1,670 1,050 3,070 3,170 4,120 4,000 2,500 1,600 24,000 10,200 4,010 2,110 1,100 2,970 3,370 4,560 5,000 2,500 1,600 22,300 8,450 4,450 2,610 1,050 3,070 2,790 4,670 21,900 2,850 1,500 17, 400 8,020 4,780 2,350 1,100 2,880 2,430 4,560 27, 100 24, 600 3,500 1,500 14, 200 7,460 4,450 2,030 1,050 2,520 2,610 4,560 3,500 1,800 10, 700 11,300 4,230 1,740 1,280 2,190 2,880 4,450 21,300 3,250 1,800 9,620 13,300 3,900 2,110 2,110 2,190 2,970 4,340 16, 400 3,000 2,000 9,030 23,800 3,680 2,110 4,010 2,190 3,680 4,560 12, 500 5,000 8,160 27, 600 3,370 1,740 3,470- 2,190 5,200 4,670 10, 100 6,400 7,460 20, 300 3,470 2,190 3,370 1,880 6,140 8,880 6,600 18, 200 2,700 2,520 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 47 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H.,for the years ending- Sept. 30, 1900-1915— Continued. Day. 1906-7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Oct. 1,000 1,050 1,160 1,600 1,670 1,460 1,160 1,160 1,340 1,880 1,950 3,270 4,120 3,680 3,170 2,610 2,430 2,110 2,190 1,810 2,610 2,880 3,790 4,230 4,120 Nov. 3,070 2,970 2,350 2,110 2,110 1,950 1,880 1,740 1,670 1,530 1,670 1,740 1,530 1,740 1,950 2,110 1,740 1,530 2,520 3,170 3,900 3,790 3,790 3,900 4,010 3,370 Dec. Jan. 3,070 2,970 2,790 2,520 2,520 2,350 2,270 1,880 1,950 1,950 2,030 2,000 2,000 2,000 1,900 1,900 1,900 1,800 1,800 1,800 1,700 1,700 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,560 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 2,000 2,800 3,550 3,500 3, 500 3,200 2,900 2,600 2,300 2,040 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,450 1,450 1,450 1,470 1,490 1,510 1,500 1,480 1,460 1,440 Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1,420 1,360 21,900 35, 400 5,320 6,900 4,600 1,400 1,340 16,600 39,000 5,450 9,770 6,100 1,380 1,320 15,000 40, 600 4,720 9,320 6,230 1,320 1,320 13, 000 36, 300 4,600 9,470 5,580 1,300 1,320 12,000 30, 200 4,840 8,300 4,960 1,250 1,320 13,000 24,200 4,960 7,460 4,600 1,180 1,320 12,100 19, 100 5,200 5,450 4,380 1,100 1,320 11, 600 17, 600 5,080 4,600 4,030 1,040 1,320 9,770 14,000 4,840 4,490 3,590 980 1,320 8,880 15, 500 4,960 4,260 3,280 1,000 1,310 8,740 16, 100 4,260 4,260 2,880 1,000 1,300 8,600 15, 900 4,030 4,030 2,700 1,000 1,290 8,020 14, 200 3,810 4,380 2,430 1,010 1,290 8,300 11,600 3,810 4,600 2,190 1,030 1,270 8,740 12, 500 3,170 4,720 2,110 1,050 1,260 8,740 12, 600 2,790 5,450 1,950 1,070 1,240 8,020 14, 400 2,610 3,920 1,740 1,050 1,600 8,600 16, 400 2,520 3,170 1,460 1,080 1,600 8,020 16, 600 2,790 2,880 1,400 1,100 1,800 7,600 13, 500 3,170 2,520 1,280 1,090 2,050 7,320 11, 500 8,600 2,430 1,280 1,200 2,300 7,460 9,620 10, 100 2,270 1,220 1,320 2,500 8,300 8,160 8,450 2,350 1,220 1,440 2,700 13,000 7,' 600 5,080 2,520 1,220 1,440 3,800 24, 800 6,230 4,380 2,700 1,160 1,420 4,500 25, 200 5,840 3,810 2,520 1,160 1,400 6,000 31,200 6,230 3,590 2,700 1,100 1,380 10, 000 31, 700 5,960 3,480 2,970 1,100 15, 000 32,300 6,100 4,600 3,380 1,050 20, 000 32,600 5,840 5,580 4,260 1,280 27,000 5,320 4,490 1,340 Sept. 1,340 1,400* 1,400 1,400 1,950 4, 260 5,080 3,920 3,380 2, 790 3,280 2, 430 3, 700 4, 840 4,960 3,280 2,970 2,520 2,110 2,610 2,030 1,530 1,530 2,190 2,880 3,810 3,380 2,970 3,070 7,180 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 10, 700 11,600 3,200 9,320 2,350 11, 200 9,180 3,000 8,740 2,350 10, 400 10,100 3,000 8,300 2,320 8,600 11,800 2,800 7,500 2,340 7,740 11,500 2,500 7,000 2,360 7,880 12, 800 2,200 6,500 2,380 7,180 14, 200 2,000 6,000 2,400 . 6,500 15,900 2,000 6,000 2,420 11,300 14, 800 2,000 5,550 2,430 14,000 12,800 2,500 5,100 2,400 13, 300 10,700 21,300 4,600 2,400 11, 600 8,880 26, 500 4,060 2,400 13, 300 8,020 24, 200 4,000 2,450 13,300 7,180 19, 100 3,900 3,000 11,600 6,500 9,770 3,800 12, 000 9,620 5,840 7,880 3,700 18, 000 7,740 5, 320 7,180 3, 600 13, 000 6, 500 5,080 6,500 3,480 9,000 5,840 5,080 6,100 3,360 7,800 6,640 4,840 6,900 3, 250 7,000 4,960 4,600 7,320 3,200 6,200 5,450 4,380 7,880 3,100 5,500 4,380 4,490 8,160 2, 950 4,620 4,140 4,380 12,800 2,800 4,400 3,920 4,380 18,000 2,600 4,100 3,700 4,490 16,300 2,430 4,000 3,590 4,260 15,200 2, 450 3,900 3,810 3,920 11,800 2,400 3,500 14,400 3,810 10, 700 2,400 3,100 18, 700 3,480 10, 100 2,400 15,300 9,920 2,350 Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1907 1 .. 2.. 3.. 4.. 5.. 6.. 7 .. 2,790 2,770 2,560 2,340 2,300 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,200 2,200 2,500 3,000 3,600 4,500 5,500 6,600 6,000 5,500 5,300 5,000 4,700 4,500 4,300 6,900 10, 000 14,000 18, 000 23, 400 26,500 30, 600 20, 700 16, 400 13, 500 11,000 8,880 6,900 7,040 7,880 10, 100 9,920 9,320 10,400 13, 000 12,300 11,200 10, 400 10, 700 10,800 10, 200 9,620 9,470 9,180 9,320 9,470 9, 920 11,000 14,000 19, 700 22, 100 34,900 36, 700 35, 400 31, 200 23, 800 20, 900 18, 200 6,230 10, 800 8,160 6,900 6,360 15, 000 5,080 13,300 4,260 12, 000 3,810 13, 200 3,170 15, 200 2,870 18, 200 2,780 16,300 2,780 14, 200 2,680 15,000 2,400 15,300 2,220 13,200 5,320 10, 700 8,300 8,600 11,500 8,160 8,160 8,160 5,700 7. sso 4,260 6,900 3,170 6, 640 2,780 6,230 2, 680 5,700 2,220 5,200 2,050 5,450 1,890 5,700 1,740 5,580 1,660 6, 230 1,520 5,960 1,810 1,740 1,740 1,970 1,890 1,740 1,660 1,590 1,660 1,590 1,460 1,320 1,090 980 1,140 1,260 1,260 1,320 1,390 1,660 2,310 2,220 2, 050 1,740 1,590 1,390 1,200 1,140 1,200 1,260 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 880 1,200 1,200 3,810 3,590 3,480 2,680 2,220 1,890 1,660 1,590 1,520 1,460 1,460 1,520 1,660 2,050 2,050 1,890 1,660 1,460 1,200 1,260 1,200 1,200 1,090 SSI) 830 830 730 640 780 550 595 640 685 528 550 640 550 595 595 505 385 595 505 425 550 595 465 288 550 595 48 Daily SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. , in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H.,for the years Sept. 30, 1900-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1908-9. 1 550 640 2,050 1,030 2,840 5,740 7,000 13,000 7,320 1,520 880 880 2 640 685 1,890 1,030 2,780 4,980 8,200 12,600 6,500 1,660 880 1,040 3 730 730 1,810 1,020 2,740 4,560 9,920 11,800 5,700 1,660 780 880 4 880 830 1,740 1,330 2,710 4,150 11, 600 11, 600 4,960 1,590 730 930 5 780 780 1,740 1,640 2,740 3,920 14, 400 12,300 4,490 1,460 780 930 6........ 1,040 640 980 3,820 2,760 3,690 18,500 12,800 5,320 1,810 780 1,040 7 980 685 1,140 6,000 2,800 3, 640 22, 300 12, 800 6,100 2,400 880 1,260 8 980 730 1,390 5,720 2,830 3,590 29, 100 15, 200 5,580 2,220 830 1,590 •9 880 685 1,590 4,850 4,140 3, 520 . 29, 900 16, 400 4,840 1,970 880 1,810 10 730 730 1,390 4,480 3,990 3,240 24, 400 17, 800 4,140 1,590 640 1,660 11 730 730 1,260 4,100 3,830 3,150 24, 000 19, 900 3,480 1,740 780 1,590 12 640 780 1,200 3,570 3,670 3,060 23, 800 23, 200 3,280 1,520 640 1,390 13. 730 1,040 1,260 3,000 3,360 3,160 22, 700 21, 700 3,170 1,320 685 1,260 14 830 1,200 1,390 2,430 3,040 3,260 24, 400 20,300 2,870 1,320 730 1,460 15 930 1,260 1,390 2,270 2,810 3,150 42,000 ,17,000 3,480 1,140 685 1,460 16 980 1,260 1,240 2,100 2, 580 3,040 49, 700 16, 800 3,170 1,140 780 1,390 17 880 1,320 1,120 1,900 2,410 2,980 49, 600 18,000 3,070 1,140 730 1,260 18 830 1,260 1,000 1,690 2,240 2,920 46, 800 18,900 4,140 1,460 730 1,090 19 685 780 1,000 1,660 2,170 2,860 42, 200 19,900 3,810 1,970 685 1,140 20 595 980 1,040 1,640 2,100 2,800 38, 800 19, 100 4,030 1,740 730 1,200 21 595 930 1,000 1,700 5,000 2,720 38, 100 16, 800 3,810 1,660 830 1, 140 22 640 880 950 1,770 7,120 2,630 35, 000 16, 100 3,380 1,590 880 1,200 23 595 780 800 1,940 6,110 2,480 30, 600 11, 200 3,170 1,460 980 1,200 24 640 •830 698 2,010 7,120 2,320 26, 100 10, 700 3,280 1,390 1,090 1,140 25 640 930 780 2,010 7,310 3,000 20,700 8,450 3,070 1,260 1,090 1,320 26 595 1>040 860 2,010 7,320 3,680 17, 400 8,020 3,070 1,460 1,040 1,260 27 685 1,320 860 3,440 6,910 4,430 15, 200 7,320 2, 050 1,140 930 1,200 28 595 1,740 860 3,500 6,500 5,200 13, 300 6,770 1,970 1,090 880 1,260 29 730 2,780 870 3,570 5,400 13, 700 8,740 1,740 980 930 3,380 30 730 2,140 890 3,230 5,800 13,500 11,600 1,590 930 1,040 5,450 31 685 950 2,890 6,300 9,620 930 980 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1909-10. 1 6,100 1,660 3,700 1,000 4,000 8,000 23, 600 9,920 8,740 2,520 2,000 1,000 2 6,360 1,740 4,030 1,000 3,500 15,200 24, 500 10,200 8,880 2,340 1,690 1,000 3 3,280 1,740 3,920 1,000 3,500 21, 500 24,200 10, 100 11,300 2,080 1,620 1,000 4 3,280 1,810 3,700 900 3,000 20,300 21, 000 9,920 14,800 1,920 2,040 1,110 5 3,920 1,970 3,380 900 2, 500 17,800 18,400 9,770 8,450 1,920 6,230 1,000 6 3,700 2,140 2,780 900 2,000 18,000 16,600 15,700 7,320 1,840 5,960 2,170 7 3,590 2,580 2,580 900 2,000 19, 100 20, 200 13, 700 7,320 2,170 4,260 3,090 8 2,400 2,220 2,490 900 2,000 17, 000 23,200 9,920 7,180 1,840 3,400 2,800 9 2,220 2,220 2,310 1,000 2,000 15, 500 23,300 9,920 8,300 1,550 2,520 2,700 "10 1,810 2,050 -2, 400 1,000 1,500 13,300 21, 700 8,600 7,880 1,550 2,430 2,080 11 1,460 . 2,220 2,220 1,000 1,500 11,300 17,200 9,470 7,460 1,290 2,340 2,000 12 1,590 2,490 2,140 1,000 1,500 9,770 12,800 9,030 6,900 1,620 2,260 2,000 13 1,460 2,310 2,050 1,000 1,500 9,470 10,500 8,020 6,640 1,480 2,080 1,920 14.. 1,460 2,220 1,970 900. 1,500 8,740 9,030 7,040 6,100 1,690 2,000 1,760 15 1,460 2,140 1,990 900 1,500 8,300 7,740 7,360 5,320 2,430 1,840 2,260 16 1,520 2,220 1,870 900 1,500 7,740 7,600 6,100 5,200 1,350 2,430 2,260 17 1,320 2,220 1,760 1,000 1,400 6,770 7,320 5,580 4,720 1,420 2,800 1,760 18 1,460 2,050 1,640 1,200 1,400 5,840 6,900 4,960 4,380 1,350 3,190 1,690 19 1,460 2,050 1,520 1,500 1,400 5,580 6,640 5,200 5,200 1,420 2,610 1, 480 20 1,660 2,050 1,520 2,000 1,400 5,320 8,160 6,100 5,580 1,230 2,800 1,350 21 1,590 2,140 1,520 3,000 1,400 6,100 9,770 6,770 4,610 1,000 2,990 1,290 22 1,660 2,220 1,470 6,000 1,500 6,900 10,400 6,230 4,500 1,170 2,080 850 23 1,660 2,220 1,410 L2, 000 1,500 7,600 11,600 5,450 4,380 1,110 2,000 850 24 1,740 1,890 1,360 10, 000 1,500 8,300 16,300 5,200 3,600 1,230 2,000 755 25 1,810 2,780 1,240 8,000 1,600 8,160 13,300 6,230 3,290 1,550 2,080 1,110 26 2,140 3,380 1,190 8,000 1,800 18, 500 11,000 6,230 2,900 1,620 1,690 1,420 27 2,220 3,700 1,190 7,000 2,000 20,200 11, 200 15, 700 2,700 1,480 1,290 950 28 2,870 3,920 1,210 7,000 4,000 18, 200 16,300 17,600 2,700 1,480 1,230 1,230 29 2.310 3,700 1,310 6,000 17, 500 13,900 15,000 2,700 1,480 1,170 3,710 30 1,810 3,380 1,260 5,000 18, 400 10, 500 10,800 2,520 1,350 1,110 3,500 31 1,810 1,020 4.000 21, 500 10, 700 1,920 1,110 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 49 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Or ford, N. H., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1900-1915— Continued. Oct. Nov 3,290 2,800 2,800 2,430 2,990 2,800 2,520 2,340 2,260 2,080 1,760 1,920 1,760 1,690 1,480 1,170 1,290 1,420 1,550 1,620 1,550 1,170 1,060 1,420 1,550 1,690 2,800 2,260 2,340 2,700 2,800 2,900 2,700 2,520 2,700 3,500 2,800 4,150 3,820 3,710 3,710 3,190 2,700 2,610 2,430 2,340 2,340 2,260 2,260 2,170 2,170 1,920 1,550 1,620 1,840 1,760 1,690 2,000 2,000 1,920 2,000 Dec. Jan. Feb 2,000 1,840 1,690 1,690 1,550 1,300 1,200 1,200 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,200 1,400 1, 600 1,600 1,800 1,800 1,800 2,000 2,000 2,400 2,800 3,000 2,400 2,400 3,000 4,500 4,000 3,800 3,700 3,600 3,300 3,100 2,900 2,800 2,700 2,600 2,500 2,400 2,300 2,200 2,100 2,100 2,000 2,000 1,900 1,900 1,800 1,800 1,700 1,700 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,300 1,200 1,200 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,100 1,100 1,200 1,200 1,300 1,300 1,400 1,400 1,400 Mar. 1,400 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,400 1,400 1,500 1,500 1,500 3,500 7,000 10,400 10, 700 10,200 Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 9,320 8,020 7,600 6,650 6,520 6,780 10, 400 21,900 19, 700 19, 700 18,000 17, 600 18, 200 21, 500 23, 600 25,900 24, 600 20, 700 18,000 16, 600 15,900 15,300 14,200. 12, 600 12, 500 16, 100 19, 700 22, 900 25,900 28,900 30, 800 32, 600 34, 500 32, 100 31, 500 21,500 15, 700 11,600 12, 500 12, 100 10, 500 10,200 9,770 8,740 7,740 6,920 6,390 5,880 5,260 4,900 2,710 2,800 3,000 3,690 3,180 2,710 2,620 4,340 2,800 1,790 1,720 1,790 1,940 2,100 2,350 2,440 3,280 3,480 3,090 2,800 4,000 2,530 3,900 2,260 3,800 2,180 3,580 2,020 3,380 1,860 3,480 1,650 3,800 1,580 3,690 1,450 3,580 1,520 3,090 1,450 2,900 1,450 1,320 1,140 1,080 1,260 1,200 1,030 975 975 1,030 1,080 1,030 820 870 680 820 920 1,520 1,520 1,320 1,030 1,030 1,030 1,030 820 1,030 1,520 1,140 1,320 2,020 2,530 2,020 2,100 1,580 1,520 1,320 1,320 1,260 1,140 1,030 1,030 770 770 870 870 920 870 920 1,030 1,320 1,580 1,860 2, 2; 2,100 1,860 100 1,650 1,080 1,200 2,350 4,780 4,670 3,900 2,710 2,020 2,020 1,860 2,020 2,020 2,530 2,800 3,090 2,800 2,260 2,260 2,260 1,940 2,020 2,440 2,350 2,020 2,020 2,020 1,860 1,720 1,650 1,940 2,020 2,020 3,690 3,380 3,180 Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 3,280 3,380 3,480 3,280 3,800 4,560 6,000 5,880 5,020 4,120 3, 580 3,380 3,580 2,900 2,530 2,440 2,350 2,350 4,000 5,500 6,260 5,880 6,260 6,130 6,520 6,000 5,020 4,440 4,120 3,800 3,800 3,800 3,690 4,000 3,800 3,380 3,180 3,280 3,900 4,120 3,900 3,800 3,690 4,000 4,780 4,900 5,020 4,340 3,900 4,440 5,020 5,630 5,140 4,220 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4, 340 6,920 7,050 9,180 8,450 6,780 5,380 5,500 5,880 6,000 5,380 5,630 5,760 6,390 8,160 14,000 17, 800 14,200 9,770 7,880 6, 650 5,380 4,560 6,000 7,880 14,600 16,300 13,200 8,160 7,880 6,260 5,760 5,000 6,760 7,460 6,900 6,760 6,100 5,580 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,300 2,200 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,300 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,400 1,370 1,400 1,500 1,500 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,500 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,600 2,200 3,800 4,600 6,200 8,000 10, 000 7,800 7,000 5,700 5,200 4,600 4,000 3,800 5,300 7, 600 12, 100 13,300 14,200 11,800 10, 500 9,800 10, 700 18,000 36, 700 34, 500 25, 000 21, 100 18,900 16,600 15, 900 16,100 13,300 10, 800 9,770 9,180 8,300 9,320 9,180 9,620 9,180 9,030 9,470 9,470 9,620 10, 700 11,600 21,700 ! 10,800 31,700 12,300 35,000 12,600 36,300 11,600 34,100 10,100 28, 400 22, 500 20, 900 25, 400 26, 300 24, 600 20,300 18,500 18,200 16,400 11,600 15,200 13,300 10, 700 10, 400 10,100 9,470 8,020 6.900 12, 800 20, 900 28,400 30, 600 28,400 25, 400 20, 500 17, 600 13, 700 11,300 10, 700 8,020 7,460 7,180 6,900 6,630 6,100 5,580 5,330 3,930 4,610 4, 050 3,820 3,500 3,090 2,890 2,700 2,520 2, 120 2,700 2,160 2,080 1,840 1,690 1,620 1,550 1,920 1,840 1,760 1,620 1,420 1,170 1,290 1,290 1,420 1,290 1,170 1,170 1,170 1,110 1,060 1,060 1,360 1,550 1,550 1,420 1,290 1,230 1,170 1,170 1,000 850 950 1,170 1,420 1,840 2,420 2,340 2,000 1,760 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,920 2,340 2,000 2,000 2,990 3,820 2,520 2,160 1,840 1,480 1,420 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,550 3,600 5, 330 4,500 3,500 3,090 2,990 2,890 2,700 2,340 2,160 2,160 2,000 2,000 1,840 1,920 1,840 1,840 3,290 3,710 3,820 3, 500 5,080 4,380 4,160 5,080 10, 200 11,600 10, 500 7,460 5,580 4,610 3,710 3, 290 2,990 3,500 40966°— wsp 415—16- 50 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H.,for the years ending Sept. 30, 1900-1915— Continued. Day. 1912-13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 . 31 Oct. 5,080 5,330 4,840 4,050 3,710 3,500 3,090 2,790 2,600 2,700 2,700 2,700 2,790 2,700 3,090 3,500 3,500 2,890 2,700 2,520 2,520 2,700 2,890 6,360 7,740 6,630 5,960 5,330 4,610 4,050 Nov. 3,930 4,160 4,160 3,930 3,930 3,710 3,500 9,030 11,300 12, 600 10, 100 7,740 6,360 6,100 6,700 6,700 6,700 5,460 5,080 4,610 4,380 4,160 4,380 4,610 4,840 4,720 4,610 4,380 3,710 3,500 Dec. 3,290 3,290 4,380 6,360 8,020 7,180 7,460 7,460 6,360 5,460 5,460 5,580 6,360 6,100 6,220 6,700 6,360 5,460 5,330 6,630 6,360 5,580 4,380 4,160 4,050 3,930 3,930 3,930 3,820 3,930 5,330 Jan. 6,220 6,100 5,960 9,030 9,180 7,740 8,020 8,020 7,740 6,630 5,330 5,960 6,630 6,360 6,630 6,360 6,360 8,600 13, 300 14, 400 15, 500 15,200 14,000 13, 700 12, 600 9,620 9,030 8,020 6,900 5,840 6,100 Feb. 7,880 7,740 6,630 6,220 5,580 4,960 4,380 4,160 4,050 3,710 3,710 3,400 3,500 3,500 3,400 3,500 3,400 3, 290 3,290 3,190 3,290 3,710 4,500 5,500 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 Mar. 4,000 3,800 3,600 3,500 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,200 1,800 1,420 5,000 5,000 9,000 12, 0G0 15, 000 27, 600 27, 600 22, 500 18, 200 18, 200 23, 400 30, 600 29, 900 25, 400 26, 500 38, 900 47, 600 56, 000 49, 600 39,400 29, 700 Apr. 25,200 23,200 18,500 15, 500 18, 900 20,900 18,900 14,600 11,800 10, 100 9,470 9,770 9,470 11,000 11,300 12, 000 12,300 12, 600 11, 800 12, 300 12, 000 11,300 10, 800 10, 500 10, 100 11,000 12, 000 11, 600 10, 700 10, 200 May. 7,740 7,320 6,900 6,360 6,220 6,220 5,580 5,080 4,610 4,160 4,050 4,050 4,050 3,930 3,930 3,930 3,930 4,040 4,380 4,610 4,380 5,330 10, 100 12, 600 11,000 8,600 7,180 10, 400 15, 700 14, 000 June. 12, 800 9,920 8,020 7,040 5,580 5,080 4,840 5,080 5,080 4,610 4,050 3,930 3,490 3,160 3,160 3,270 3,490 3,710 3,380 3,050 2,850 2,470 2,290 2,030 1,870 1,950 2,110 3,050 2,470 July. 2,110 1,790 1,790 1,360 1,220 1,570 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,600 1,600 1,800 2,000 2,000 2,110 2,110 2,290 2,290 2,290 2,470 2,290 1,950 1,710 1,640 1,950 2,380 4,960 4,380 3,600 Aug. 2,650 2,290 2,110 1,950 1,950 1,870 1,790 2,290 1,950 1,950 1,360 1,430 1,360 1,360 1,430 1,160 1,430 1,220 1,160 780 830 780 595 780 1,040 780 1,100 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1,500 6,100 2,850 1,360 1,950 1,100 11,200 24, 200 3,270 1,500 1,360 930 5,200 3,050 1,290 2,030 2,290 16, 800 19, 100 3,050 1,790 1,640 1,100 4,050 3,160 1,220 1,640 5,960 20, 100 16,800 3,270 2,470 1,160 1,500 3,930 3,270 1,360 1,790 7,740 16, 800 15, 900 3,270 3,050 1,220 1,710 3,380 3,490 1,790 1,870 7,040 12, 600 17,800 4,500 2,950 1,430 2,110 3,270 3,270 1,640 1,790 5,700 9,030 20,300 4,840 2,850 1,790 2,110 3,050 3,270 1,500 1,640 4,840 6,630 20, 700 4,040 2,850 2,030 1,950 3,050 3,270 1,300 1,500 4,260 6,500 19,300 3,490 2,290 1,950 1,640 3,160 4,160 1,500 1,500 3,710 13,500 17,800 3,270 1,950 1,290 1,220 5,330 5,330 1,640 1,500 3,270 16,800 18,200 2,950 2,380 1,220 1,360 7,040 6,900 1,500 1,220 2,856 14, 600 17,800 2,470 2,650 1,360 1,640 6,360 6,760 1,430 1,040 2,650 15,000 16,600 2,110 2,470 1,290 2,030 5,080 6,630 1,160 980 2,380 15, 200 14, 400 1,950 2,200 1, 500 2,290 4,610 6,360 1,100 980 2,290 12, 500 11,600 1,790 2290 1,500 2,290 3,820 5,840 1,160 880 2,200 10,800 10, 100 1,640 2,560 1,430 2,290 3,270 5,330 1,160 930 2,290 10,800 8,740 1,500 2,110 1,290 2,110 3,050 4,960 1,220 980 2,560 10, 500 7,880 1,570 1,790 980 2,110 3,050 4,500 1,290 930 3,600 11,000 7,180 1,570 1,570 1,040 2,110 2,850 4,050 1,290 980 4,260 14,600 6,900 1,570 1,710 1,100 2,110 2,950 3,490 1,290 980 4,150 27,400 6,760 1,570 1,640 1,100 4,050 4,500 3,160 1,290 980 3,600 42,000 6,360 1,790 1,500 1,220 5,200 6,360 2,950 1,220 930 3,380 44,300 5,840 1,950 1,570 1,220 4,840 5,840 2,650 1,220 1,040 3,050 40, 100 5,580 1,790 1,500 1,360 3,930 4,720 2,470 1,220 980 2,750 32, 300 5,080 1,790 1,500 1,500 3,270 4,160 2,290 1,220 1,040 2,560 22, 300 4,720 1,790 1,360 1,500 4,160 4,040 2,030 1,360 980 2,650 16, 600 4,840 1,640 1,220 1,640 6,630 3,710 1,870 1,360 930 4,500 17,600 4,840 1,500 1,100 1,360 8,600 3,270 1,950 1,640 980 9,770 18,400 4,610 1,640 1,160 930 7,740 3,050 1,640 1,640 11,300 19,300 4,380 1,710 1,100 980 6,360 2,850 1,570 1,790 11,800 24,200 3,930 1,500 1,360 1,640 6,100 1,500 1,950 11,600 3,490 1,570 2,560 1913-14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11....... 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 51 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H.,for the years ending Sept. 30, 1900-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec 1914-15. 1 2,030 2 2,110 3 1,790 4 1,640 5 1,640 1,500 1,790 1,950 2,290 2,560 1,500 3,050 1,290 3,490 1,040 3,710 1,100 3,710 1,360 3,270 1,220 3,270 1,100 3, 270 1,220 3,050 1,500 2,850 1,710 2,850 1,640 3,270 1,360 3.820 1,430 4; 960 2,030 4,610 3,270 3,490 3,600 3,380 3,490 2,850 3,270 3,270 3,050 3,050 2,650 2,850 2,750 2,850 1,950 3, 270 1,640 3,710 1,640 4,380 1,640 4,610 1,500 4,610 4,380 4,840 6,100 6,630 5,840 4,840 4,050 3,490 3,160 2,850 2,380 1,950 2,110 1,950 1,870 1,640 1,500 1,160 1,040 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,040 930 930 1,040 930 1,040 1,040 Jan. 730 1,100 3,050 3,930 3,050 2,850 2,560 2,110 1,790 1,430 1,290 1,100 1,290 2,560 5,580 5,450 4,050 3,600 2,950 2,470 2,200 1,950 1,640 1,570 1,290 1,040 1,040 730 730 730 730 730 880 1,430 1,430 1,290 1,100 880 780 730 1,500 2,560 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,750 2,560 2,380 2,380 11, 300 33, 700 31,000 24,200 18, 200 13,000 10, 700 8,880 8,020 7,320 6,900 6,760 6,360 5,960 5,200 4,610 4,610 4,720 4,610 4,380 4,040 3,270 2,950 2,950 3,270 3,490 3,270 3,600 3,930 4,840 5,080 4,050 3,050 2,290 2,110 2,030 12,000 2,200 11,800 2,290 10,200 2, 290 8, 740 2, 380 7, 460 2,560 2,750 2,950 4,040 5,840 10, 800 19, 300 23, 800 21,700 18, 400 13,300 10, 800 10, 400 9,620 9,320 9,030 8,160 7,180 6,100 10, 800 14,400 15, 000 12, 600 10, 700 6,760 5,840 5,700 6,630 6,630 6,220 5,330 4,960 4,380 3,930 3,710 3,380 3,270 3,160 3,050 2,950 2,950 3,050 2,850 2,470 2,650 3,050 3,820 4,380 3,710 3,270 June. July. Aug. 2,850 2,470 6,360 2,290 3,490 5,460 2,030 3,930 6,100 2,030 4,050 5,330 1,950 4,040 4,840 1,950 4,160 3,930 1,640 4,380 3,490 1,360 4,380 3,050 1,500 11,800 3,600 1,430 21, 900 5,080 1,430 20, 100 8,600 1,790 14,000 9,770 2,470 8,740 8,160 2,470 5,840 6,100 2,110 4,610 5,080 2,030 3,930 4,160 1,950 3,710 4,380 3,050 4,050 4,380 4,380 8,020 4,050 5,200 8,600 3,820 4,380 6,900 3,160 3,710 6,360 2,850 3,050 7,180 3,930 2,650 6,900 5,960 2,470 5,580 6,100 2,110 4,610 6,100 1,950 4,720 5,580 1,950 6,630 4,610 1,950 6,630 3,600 1,790 7,180 3,050 8,020 2,650 Sept. 2,470 2,290 2,110 1,950 1,790 1,790 1,640 1,430 1,430 1,500 1,870 2,380 2,560 2,380 2,110 1,790 1,570 1,360 1,360 1,570 1,790 2,750 5,080 5,840 4,840 3,820 3,270 3,600 4,050 3,930 Note. — Discharge determined from a well-defined rating curve, the low-water part of which has been changed somewhat for certain periods to allow for slightly shifting control. Discharge relation affected by ice: Dec. 30, 1900, to Mar. 24, 1901; Dec. 4-11, 1901; Dec. 24, 1901, to Feb. 26, 1902; Dec. 5, 1902, to Feb. 28, 1903; Dec. 15, 1903, to Mar. 28, 1904; Nov. 17, 1904, to Mar. 25, 1905; Nov. 30 to Dec. 5, 1905, Jan. 2-23, 1906; Feb. 3 to Apr. 15, 1906; Dec. 12, 1906, to Mar. 30, 1907; Dec. 1-10, 1907; Jan. 4 to Mar. 27, 1908; Dec. 16, 1908, to Apr. 2, 1909; Dec. 15, 1909, to Mar. 1, 1910; Dec. 6, 1910, to Mar. 28, 1911; Dec. 31, 1911, to Apr. 7, 1912; Feb. 23 to Mar. 15, 1913; Dec. 21, 1913, to Apr. 4, 1914; and Dec. 14, 1914, to Feb. 25, 1915. Daily discharge for these periods estimated from gage heights, discharge measurements, and weather records. Discharge interpolated July 12-16, 1913. Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1900-1915. [Drainage area, 3,100 square miles.] Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on Month. Per Accu- Maximum. Minimum. Mean. square mile. drainage area). 1900. August 6-31 5,110 2,520 950 2,270 1,300 0. 732 0.71 B. September 815 .419 .47 B. 1900-1901. October 12,600 16,300 1,880 4,400 1.42 1.64 A. November 1,600 7,560 2.44 2.72 A. December 6,900 4,010 5,170 1.67 1.92 B. January 5,500 2,400 2,930 .945 1.09 D. February 2,500 1,900 2,220 .716 .75 D. -March 21,300 1,800 5,400 1.74 2.01 D. April 32, 600 11,000 23, 200 7.48 v. 3 I 1< May 16,300 5, 550 9,030 2.91 3.36 A. June 7,600 2, 610 5,240 1.69 1.89 A. July 8,450 1,280 3,300 1.07 1.23 A. August 6,640 1,100 3,690 1.19 1.37 A. September 2,110 1,100 1,580 .510 .57 B. The year 32, 600 1,100 6,150 1.98 26. 89 52 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H. 1 900-1 91 5— Continued . for the years ending Sept. 30, Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). October — November . December. January . . . February . . March April May June July August September . 1901-2. The year. October — November . December. January.... February.. March April May June July August September . 1902-3. The year. October . . . November . December. January. . . February . . March April May June July August September . 1903-4. The year . October... November. December. January February . . March April May June July August September . 1904-5. The year. October... November. December. January. . . February. . March April May June July August September . 1905-0. The year. 5,220 2,350 30, 400 6,000 8,000 43, 400 23,200 31,900 17, 000 6,770 8,300 5,330 43, 400 19, 700 10, 100 3,560 3.560 4. 170 40, 100 22, 900 5,780 7,740 4,010 3,470 2,030 40, 100 2,030 2,110 2,800 980 1,220 21, 700 22, 100 23, 600 6,260 2,350 4,780 7,460 23,600 10, 800 3,790 2,110 1,070 760 37, 200 33, 200 13,000 7,460 17, 600 7,320 10, 400 37,200 | 3,270 5,200 10,200 27, 100 8,020 6,600 30, 200 27, 600 14,600 4,010 4,010 3, 570 30, 200 1,340 1,280 1,460 2,700 2,000 9,770 8,600 4,560 4,890 2,520 2,190 2,030 2,250 1,710 6,600 3,810 2,810 20, 500 13,000 10, 600 9,590 4,250 4,390 3,430 0.726 .552 2.13 1.23 .906 6.61 4.19 3.42 3.09 1.37 1.42 1.11 1,280 6,950 2.24 2,350 3,470 2,580 2,260 2,720 11,500 5,110 1,460 1,100 1,400 1,280 640 640 4,420 4,990 2,930 2,840 3,320 24,300 11, 100 3,340 3,090 2,310 2,120 1,100 1.43 1.61 .945 .916 1.07 7.84 3.58 1.08 .997 .745 .684 .355 5,510 1.78 1,050 1,040 650 700 1,160 6,640 6,260 1,400 815 905 1,280 650 3,270 1,750 900 700 600 560 7,040 4,120 2,610 1,530 1,460 2,520 560 1,880 2,030 3,070 2,000 2,050 1,500 3,000 7, 320 3,270 1,670 1,050 950 1,300 1,480 1,540 785 830 5,240 12, 800 14, 400 3,010 1,420 1,980 3,690 4,050 5,550 2,570 1,210 868 681 7,110 13, 400 8,400 4,180 4,390 3,430 5,410 4,7£ 2,620 3,050 5, 660 7,060 3,030 2,240 11,800 14, 200 6,580 2,630 1,790 1,600 950 5,200 .419 .477 .497 .253 1.69 4.13 4.65 .971 .458 .639 1.19 1.31 1.79 .829 .390 .280 .220 2.29 4.32 2.71 1.35 1.42 1.11 1.75 1.54 .845 .984 1.83 2.28 .977 .723 3.81 4.58 2.12 .848 .577 .516 1.68 0.84 .62 2.46 1.28 1.04 7.62 4.68 3.94 3.45 1.58 1.64 1.24 30.39 1.65 1.80 1.09 1.06 1.11 9.04 3.99 1.24 1.11 .86 .79 .40 24.14 .48 .53 .57 .29 .29 1.95 4.61 5.36 1.08 .53 .74 1.33 2.06 .92 .45 .32 .23 2.64 4.82 3.12 1.51 1.64 1.28 1.95 20.94 1.10 2.11 2.63 1.02 .83 4.25 5.28 2.36 .98 .67 .58 22.78 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, 53 Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Oxford, N. H., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1 900-1 91 5— Continued . Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Accu- racy. 1906-7. 5,000 4,670 3,070 3,550 1,440 27,000 32,600 40,600 10,100 9,770 6,230 7,180 1,000 1,530 1,500 1,400 980 1,240 7,320 5,320 2,520 2,270 1,050 1,340 2,760 2,670 1,960 1,960 1,190 3,970 14,400 15,900 4,690 4,600 2,600 3,010 0.890 .861 .632 .632 .384 1.28 4.65 5.13 1.51 1.48 .839 .971 1.03 .96 .73 .73 .40 1.48 5.19 5.91 1.68 1.71 .97 1.08 A. A. B. C. C. C. B. May B. A. July A. A. . A- 40, 600 980 4,990 1.61 21.87 1907-8. October 18,700 15,900 26,500 9,320 18,000 30, 600 36, 700 35, 400 11.500 2,310 3,810 980 3,590 3,480 2,000 2,350 2,320 2,200 6,900 5,200 1,520 980 880 288 8,940 7,810 9,320 4,410 4,830 7,580 12, 800 12, 700 4,450 1,530 1,690 627 2.88 2.52 3.01 1.42 1.56 2.45 4.13 4.10 1.44 .494 .545 .202 3.32 2.81 3.47 1.64 1.68 2.82 4.61 4.73 1.61 .57 .63 .23 1 X. A. C. c. c. c. B. B. A. B. B. B. 36,700 288 6,400 2.06 28.12 .28 .37 .45 1.00 1.34 1.35 9.14 5.36 1.40 .55 .31 .53 1908-9. October 1,040 2,780 2,050 6,000 7,320 6,300 49, 700 23,200 7,320 2,400 1,090 5,450 550 640 698 1,020 2,100 2,320 7,000 6,770 1,590 930 640 880 747 1,040 1,200 2,690 4,000 3,620 25,400 14, 400 3,890 1,490 836 1,460 .241 .335 .387 .868 1.29 1.17 8.19 4.65 1.25 .481 .270 .471 B. B. B. C. C. c. c. B A Julv B. B. B. 49, 700 550 5,050 1.63 22.08 1909-10. October 6,360 3,920 4,030 12,000 4,000 21,500 24, 500 17, 600 14, 800 2,520 6,230 3, 710 1,320 1,660 1,020 900 1,400 5,320 6,640 4,960 2,520 1,000 1,110 755 2,360 2,380 2,070 3,130 2,000 12, 800 14,500 9,080 6,050 1,630 2,430 1,740 .761 .768 .668 1.01 .645 4.13 4.68 2.93 1.95 .526 .784 .561 .88 .86 .77 1.16 .67 4.76 5.22 3.38 2.18 .61 .90 .63 A. A B c c B April B. May \ June A. July A A A The year 24,500 755 5,020 1.62 22.02 1910-11. October 3,290 4,150 3,000 4,500 1,600 10,700 28,900 34,500 4,340 2,530 4,780 3,900 1,060 1,550 1,000 1,600 1,000 1,200 6,520 2,900 1,450 680 770 1,650 2,040 2,510 1,520 2,520 1,360 2,450 16,800 11,300 2,440 1,180 1,620 2,360 .658 .810 .490 .813 .439 .790 5.42 3.65 .787 .381 .523 .761 .76 .90 .56 .94 .46 .91 6.05 4.21 .88 .44 .60 .85 A. A December c c February c March c April B May A June A July B. B August September A The year 34,500 680 4,010 1.29 17.56 54 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H. 1900-1 915— Continued. for the years ending Sep 30, Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area)'. 1911-12. October — November . December. . January . . . February . . March April *SIay June July August September . The year. 1912-13. October — November . December. . January . . . February . . March April May June July August September. The year. 1913-14. October November . December. . January . . . February . . March April May June July August September. The year. October November . December. . January — February . . March April ... May June July August September . 1914-15. The year. 6,520 7,050 17, 800 7,460 1,600 12,100 36, 700 20, 900 30, 600 2,080 5,330 11, 600 36, 700 8,880 12, 600 8,020 15, 500 7,880 56, 000 25, 200 15, 700 12, 800 4,960 2,650 2,850 56, 000 8,600 7,040 6,900 1,950 2,030 11,800 44, 300 24, 200 4,840 3,050 2,-560 2,650 44, 300 3,600 4,960 6,630 5,580 33,700 18, 200 23, 800 12, 000 5,200 21,900 9,770 5,840 33, 700 2,350 3,180 4,560 1,600 1,200 1,400 9,800 6,900 2,160 850 950 1,840 4,310 4,340 8,250 3,110 1,420 3,840 21,800 10, 800 9,570 1,390 2,220 4,100 1.39 1.40 2.66 1.00 .458 1.24 7.03 3.48 3.09 .448 .716 1.32 850 6, 250 2,520 3,500 3,290 5,330 3,190 1,420 9,470 3,930 1,870 1,220 595 550 4,010 5,640 5,450 8,740 4,410 18,900 13.300 6,750 4,340 2,090 1,390 1,130 550 930 2,850 1,500 1,100 880 1,100 6,500 3,490 1,500 1,100 930 6,370 3,130 4,170 3,680 1,390 1,250 4,580 18,300 11,300 2,360 1,940 1,410 1,550 1,040 1,500 880 730 730 2,110 2,030 2,470 1,360 2,470 2,650 1,360 1,910 3,230 2,500 2,160 4,910 5,560 9,250 5,110 2,400 7,000 4,950 2,540 730 4,290 2.02 1.29 1.82 1.76 2.82 1.42 6.10 4.29 2.18 1.40 .674 .448 .365 2.05 1.01 1.35 1.19 .448 .403 1.48 5.90 3.65 .761 .626 .455 .500 .616 1.04 .806 .697 1.58 1.79 2.98 1.65 .774 2.26 1.60 .819 1.60 1.56 3.07 1.15 .49 1.43 7.84 4.01 3.45 .52 .83 1.47 27.42 1.49 2.03 2.03 3.25 1.48 7.03 4.79 2.51 1.56 .78 .52 .41 1.16 1.51 1.37 .52 .42 1.71 6.58 4.21 .85 .72 .52 .56 20.13 .71 1.16 .93 .80 1.64 2.06 3.32 1.90 .86 2.61 1.84 .91 18.74 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 55 Days of deficiency in discharge of Connecticut River at Orford, N. H., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1901-1915. a +» - w o Days of deficiency in discharge. o OS s OS CN O CO CN o CT> J 8 i CO s OS CO o 00 1 o OS z § o 3 OS 2 OS OS co OS CO OS OS 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 A, 500 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 15, 000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45, 000 50,000 60,000 56 8 4 34 61 86 126 144 159 175 191 199 221 243 258 271 285 334 352 359 361 365 366 114 17 40 69 104 183 233 250 268 277 298 306 309 313 313 331 346 350 356 361 364 365 72 158 233 252 259 265 273 280 284 293 302 309 317 329 345 361 366 85 104 121 141 171 202 220 241 251 273 289 304 307 317 352 357 359 359 362 365 2 35 71 131 178 213 233 260 267 278 289 295 305 313 341 350 359 364 365 1 80 135 164 197 215 236 258 276 291 298 304 319 324 340 350 354 356 361 364 365 94 158 192 209 228 253 268 277 283 295 304 307 311 313 328 343 353 356 357 360 362 365 12 75 132 188 207 218 233 239 243 256 276 289 303 314 334 353 365 15 110 179 236 270 287 304 308 312 314 319 322 324 326 338 350 357 360 365 2 58 99 133 146 159 186 206 216 245 267 278 285 302 332 344 352 359 363 366 30 47 74 96 114 134 168 194 209 238 271 284 293 308 339 348 352 359 360 362 362 22 83 16,6 197 217 248 256 268 282 295 310 316 318 320 336 354 360 361 362 362 365 20 57 102 137 171 210 236 259 277 298 319 324 334 338 354 358 363 363 365 170 227 284 341 398 455 512 568 682 796 909 1,020 1,140 1,700 2,270 2,840 3,410 3,980 4,550 5,120 5,680 6,820 19 55 100 144 166 180 210 216 255 280 291 301 310 330 341 355 361 365 18 47 88 121 149 163 177 206 235 254 263 272 283 318 348 355 360 362 364 365 364 365 1 1 ' 1 ... Note.— The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot of fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, which may be as large as 5 per cent. CONNECTICUT RIVER AT SUNDERLAND, MASS. Location. — At the five-span steel highway bridge at Sunderland, about 18 miles in a direct line and 24 miles by river above the dam at Holyoke. Deerfield River enters the Connecticut from the west about 8 miles above the station. Records available. — April 1, 1904, to September 30, 1915. Drainage area. — 8,000 l square miles. Gage. — Chain on downstream side of bridge. Discharge measurements. — Made from the bridge. Channel and control. — Channel deep, bottom of coarse gravel and alluvium. Control at low stages not well defined but practically permanent; at. high stages it is evidently the crest of the dam at Holyoke. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum stage during 1904-1915, 30.7 feet during the night of March 28, 1913 (see fig. 5) (determined by leveling from flood-marks) (approximate discharge computed from extension of rating curve, 101,000 second- feet). Minimum stage recorded, 0.G foot September 28 and November 8, 1914 (approximate discharge computed from extension of rating curve, 700 second-feet.) Winter flow. — Discharge relation seriously affected by ice for several months. Regulation. — Flow affected by operation of various power plants on the main river and tributaries above the station. The effect of the regulation is shown by low water at the gage on Sundays and Mondays. Accuracy. — Gage read twice each day; record good. 1 Remeasured since published in previous reports. 56 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. 54 s •v 32 r s \ 1 \ / \ < 1 x t 28 H 97 / \ / \ z 9fi / \ t 9* / \, X 2.0 / \ UJ ^ / V LLl / N / v < Ji \ V J \ J_ \ / \ , ^ -■»- ./ ^ — «^ v > \ \ \ (A) r -*- rx \ 1 \ 1 \ LU o fi / \ ^ 9^ / \ ? / \ H 24 ^ 93 1 \ y O -" / \ m 22 / S y 9 o n \, ° IQ ^ 19 / , / / / / *■ ^ 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30" MARCH (B) ' 2 3 APRIL 59,700 56,300 . 53,900 51,500 49,100 46,800 tj 44,500 '" 6 42,200 _ 39,900 g 37,600 £ 35,400 z 33,200 $ 31,000 g 28,800 g 26,700 § 24,600 22,500 20,500 18,500 16,600- wzooo 98,500 95,000 91,500 88,000 uj UJ 84,500 £ 81,000 q 77,500 & 74,000 ^ 70,500 [L 67,000 g 63,500 x 60,000 co 56,500^ Q 53,000 49,300 45,000 40,600 Figure 5.— Hydrographs of Connecticut River: (A) Orford, N. H.; (B) Sunderland, Mass.; March 22 to April 3, 1913. CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 57 Discharge measurements of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., during 1904-1915. Date. 1904. Apr. 12 26 May 17 June 2 21 July 29 Aug. 18 Oct. 28 Dec. 1 1905. Apr. 3 6 14 27 May 18 Aug. 18 Sept. 1 1906. Apr. 25 Aug. 9 Oct. 6 1907. Apr. 6 25 Sept. 25 1908. Mar. 1 Apr. 1 Sept. 22 Dec. 29 1909. Jan. 23 Feb. 11 Made by— S. K. Clapp do do do do do do T. W. Norcross do T. W. Norcross. ..do.... ..do... ..do... ..do... ..do... ..do... ..do... T. W. Norcross. G. M. Brett.... F. E. Pressy... R. A. Mention Wood and Mention . D.M.Wood D. M. Wood. do do do D. M. Wood. ....do , Gage height. Feet. 17.65 12.15 10.17 5.45 3.45 2.55 2.60 6.48 4.63 20.11 15.26 14.57 9.28 7.67 7.46 4.75 8.01 14.54 4.04 2.05 12.23 14.65 5.55 6 15. 60 16.10 1.34 6 2.87 6 7.77 6 10. 30 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 55,000 34, 500 25, 800 10, 100 5,300 3,660 3,390 13,000 a 4, 710 60,600 44,600 41, 600 22,800 16, 100 14, 700 7,240 15,600 40, 400 5,320 2,030 30, 800 44, 400 9,820 9,340 50, 300 1,660 2,360 4,430 11, 400 Date. 1909. Mar. 3 June 3 July 16 Oct. 13 Dec. 21 1910. Feb. 15 Mar. 9 Sept. 15 1911. Apr. 13 29 1912. Feb. 12 13 1913. Aug. 10 1914. Jan. 17 Mar. 5 Apr. 30 Aug. 20 Nov. 2 Dec. 22 1915. Jan. 9 Feb. 7 24 27 28 Sept. 25 Made by- D. M. Wood... ....do ....do ....do F. F. Henshaw. W. G. Hoyt C. S. De Golyer. G. H. Canfield. do C. H. Pierce. R. S. Barnes Pierce and Barnes. do C. H. Pierce R. S. Barnes do R. S. Barnes ....do ....do ....do ....do Hardin Thweatt D. M. Wood ....do W. G. Hoyt height. Feet. b 11. 00 6.88 2.53 3.02 6 4.45 6 5.86 14.55 3.26 12.06 15.80 6 4.39 6 5.19 2.54 6 4.20 6 13. 42 18.69 2.22 1.10 6 3.60 6 5.88 6 6.45 6 7.15 21.27 17.50 4.48 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 15,300 13, 300 2,940 3,660 4,430 5, 580 41,700 4,230 33,000 48, 700 3,130 4,310 2,940 4, 700 26, 400 58, 400 2,530 1,180 2,760 5,780 7,800 9,040 68, 600 55, 100 7,050 a Results uncertain. Discharge relation affected by ice. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1904-1915. Day. 1904 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 35, 200 62, 200 12, 600 42,800 55,60010,200 43,800 49,50010,200 37,300 45,300 9,800 32,200 41,500 9,160 Apr. May. June. 32,800 35, 200 39,800 47, 800 57,300 58, 200 54, 400 49, 100 43,400 36,800 37,300 33,900 30, 700 27, 600 26, 700 26,900 29, 200 29,500 27, 100 23,100 10, 200 11,900 16, 400 18,200 14,200 11,000 9,280 8,910 7,940 July. 6,300 7,820 7,820 6,760 5,960 5,840 5,610 5,610 5,380 5,150 4,600 4,380 3,720 4,000 3,720 Aug. 5,040 4,080 3,810 4,380 4,490 4,180 3,900 2,980 3,720 4,380 4,1 3,140 3,060 2,910 Sept. 4,490 4,080 3,630 3,210 3,140 4,000 4,000 6,070 6,180 5,610 5, 150 4,600 4,280 4,080 13,700 Day. Apr. May. 1904. 16 31,200 23,400 17 27,200 26,100 18 25,500 29,200 19 26,500 33,700 20 26,100 43,400 21 24,000 45,100 22 22,900 40,900 23... i 23,100.34,800 24 2-1,000; 28, 400 25 27,200 23,400 26 33, 700' 21, 200 27 38,100 20,400 28 48,70018,600 29 68,50016,100 30 69,00014,700 31 14,200 June. July. 7,220 3,720 6,760, 3,720 6,300| 4,180 5,150 4,000 4,490 4,080 4,710 3,900 4,930 3,460 4,490 3,290 4,380 2,500 4,280 3,290 4,180 4,280 4,080 4,3S0 4,710 3,460 3,210 3,370 3,540 3,720 4,280 Aug. Sept. 2,310 20,800 3, 460 15, 500 3,54014,000 3, 720 12, 800 4,38010,600 9,28o| 8,660 8,910 8,060 9,160, 9,160 8,910il0,200 9,160 9,410 8,18o| 9,040 7,70011,900 6,76012,800 5, 500 12, 800 4,93014,400 4.710 1 58 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1904-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1904-5. 1 19, 300 18, 600 19, 300 18, 900 16, 800 14,500 12, 300 10,800 9,670 9,160 9,540 10, 200 10, 800 10,500 10,500 10,200 9,160 9,160 8,540 8,180 8,420 26, 500 23,400 19,500 16,400 14, 000 12,500 13, 100 12, 800 11, 700 11,000 10,600 9,670 9,280 8,910 8,660 8,300 7,700 8,060 7,460 7,220 6,760 6,530 6,070 6,180 6,760 6,760 6,760 5,960 5,720 6,070 6,180 6,990 8,300 8,180 7,940 7,460 7,460 7,340 7,700 8,180 7,940 7,940 9,280 10, 200 8,660 8,180 8,420 8,180 8,180 7,700 87, 900 75, 000 60, 900 51,300 44, 300 44, 300 48, 000 42, 800 36,500 33,200 37, 600 47, 400 46, 100 40, 900 37,200 33,500 30, 200 26, 700 23, 400 20, 600 19,400 21,900 26, 100 27, 700 26,700 24, 100 21,700 20,500 19, 900 20, 500 21, 600 21, 700 20, 800 19, 900 19,000 19, 600 20,500 20, 600 20, 100 19, 000 18, 300 17, 100 16, 200 15, 400 14,300 14, 600 16, 200 16, 200 15, 700 14, 400 13, 300 12, 400 12, 200 11,500 10, 600 8,930 8,270 7,630 8,660 10, 500 9,750 8,660 7,630 6,780 6,320 6,210 6,900 7,140 8,930 9,750 8,930 7,760 6,670 6,670 7,380 8,270 8,930 8,800 7,630 6,670 6,900 7,760 14, 600 16, 100 12,800 9,750 8,530 9,610 9,610 11,200 12, 700 11,600 9,470 7,380 13,300 21, 600 21,200 16,600 12, 200 9,340 7,630 7,140 6,210 5,770 5,550 5,130 4,820 4,520 4,920 4,920 5,340 5,770 5,770 5,550 4,720 4,720 4,320 4,130 4,130 3,950 3,950 10, 600 26, 100 20,800 16,800 15,200 12, 200 9,060 7,760 7,630 6,780 6,210 6,670 8,530 8,530 7,880 7,260 7,630 12,200 15, 400 13,600 11,000 9,060 7,760 6,560 5,660 5,340 • 4,820 4,620 4,320 4,130 4,820 6,780 7,140 2 10,200 3 15, 900 4 33,000 5 40,900 6 34, 100 7 27, 100 8 21, 700 9 17, 600 10 14, 100 11 11,800 12... 12,400 13 16,900 14 16, 200 15 13, 200 16 10,900 17 9,610 18 9,750 19 38,000 20 38, 200 21 33,400 22 32, 200 23 26, 100 24 21,200 25 16,900 26 14,400 27 59, 100 70,400 70, 200 79,800 86,800 12, 500 28 11,500 29 10, 600 9,890 31 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1905-6. 1 2 3 4 5 :. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 8,930 8,140 8,400 7,880 7,630 7,140 6,670 6,210 5,660 5,990 5,880 6,210 8,400 9,060 8,660 7,760 7,760 7,140 6,900 7,380 9,060 9,610 8,660 8,800 8,270 7,630 7,380 6,780 6,210 5,770 5,770 5,990 5,990 5,990 6,440 7,140 7,630 9,340 12, 100 11,500 10, 300 9,470 8,930 8,140 8,400 8,270 8,140 7,880 7, 630 7,500 7,140 6,670 5,990 5,770 5,770 5,990 5,770 5,770 6,320 6,900 15, 100 15, 100 11, 600 13,000 36, 300 30,000 23, 700 19, 600 16, 600 14, 700 13, 200 12, 400 10, 500 10, 600 9,610 11,200 13, 800 13, 200 12,700 12, 200 12,700 12,700 14, 600 15, 600 15, 200 13, 500 12, 200 12, 100 11,500 11, 600 15, 200 17, 100 17, 600 16,600 13,800 12,800 14,300 15, 200 14,400 13,800 13, 200 12, 700 12, 100 12, 200 14, 100 15, 200 14, 400 14, 300 15, 600 15, 600 15, 200 13, 900 13, 300 13, 900 26, 900 44, 600 52, 200 40,000 33,700 29, 100 24,800 19, 200 15, 900 14,900 13,900 16, 900 13,300 14, 400 14,900 23, 100 19,300 15,600 14, 100 23, 800 29, 200 23,300 19, 100 16,500 15, 800 13, 700 9,780 8,690 7,400 7,280 7,650 10,500 11,500 8,430 6,320 9,230 10,300 7,400 5,860 5,300 5,300 4,780 5,520 15, 600 25,300 27, 200 26,400 25, 500 21,600 18, 400 18,400 23, 100 29,000 29, 500 26,400 23,800 22,'400 21, 600 24, 600 29, 400 33, 100 46,800 72,300 71,200 64,600 59,600 56,600 53, 100 49,400 47,200 44, 900 40, 100 34, 200 27, 900 25, 700 21,800 20, 900 21,500 21,500 25,700 29,500 29,000 26, 100 25, 100 24,800 23, 100 27,900 31, 600 29, 100 27,200 27,600 31,600 29,500 28,300 25,900 23,300 21,300 20,600 19,500 17, 400 15, 100 13, 500 14, 100 16, 600 43,800 64, 900 59, 900 47, 200 35, 500 27, 200 21,600 20, 200 19, 100 17, 400 17, 000 18,800 23, 500 24,600 23, 800 21, 600 18, 800 15, 600 13,300 10,900 10, 100 11, 800 15, 300 15,000 12,700 10, 600 8,960 10, 300 15,000 15, 300 13, 700 11,500 10, 200 10, 300 16, 600 15, 800 14,300 13,300 12,400 10, 600 8,960 7,910 7,030 7,150 7,150 7,280 7,030 6,200 5,520 4,780 5,970 7,400 6,430 5,300 5, 090 6,200 6,430 6,550 5,970 5,200 4,570 4,570 5,520 6,910 8,430 8,300 7,400 7,650 7,650 6,550 5,970 6,080 5,410 4,570 3,880 3,700 3,520 3,520 3,440 3,440 3,030 2,340 2,600 2,280 2,740 3,980 3,030 3,030 2,600 3,190 3,110 3,190 5,740 6,320 5,520 4,370 3,880 3,350 3,190 3,700 4,070 3,880 3,700 3,700 3,350 3 030 3,190 2,880 2,810 2,280 2,740 2,340 2,540 2,470 2,470 2,670 2,340 3,030 2,470 2,600 2,670 2,540 2,400 1,850 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 59 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1904-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1906-7. 1 2,540 2,000 2,340 2,600 2,400 2,220 1,630 2,670 2,540 2,880 2,960 3,350 3,190 3,700 4,880 5,090 4,370 3,880 3,700 3,980 7,030 6,430 6,430 6,200 5,970 6,430 6,910 7,650 7,650 7,400 6,430 5,740 5,520 5,200 4,880 4,470 4,570 4,170 4,070 3,880 3,790 3,520 3,700 4,270 4,470 4,470 4,470 4,170 4,170 6,430 11,800 12, 700 13,000 13,300 12, 600 10, 900 9,100 8,690 8,720 8,720 8,960 7,650 7,030 5,740 56,200 50, 600 40, 600 33, 900 30,900 32,500 30, 900 27,800 25, 400 23, 700 22, 100 21,000 21,000 21, 500 23, 900 26, 200 25,300 23, 900 22, 800 21, 700 19,500 18, 300 18,000 22, 200 42,800- 49, 700 56, 200 62, 400 56, 200 51, 900 50, 800 53, 700 54, 900 54, 800 54, 400 49,700 41, 100 35, 300 32, 300 28, 700 27, 600 27, 400 26, 800 24, 700 21,500 20, 200 28, 300 36, 600 33, 500 29, 700 26, 200 22,600 19, 700 17, 200 15,400 13, 700 13, 400 16, 200 16, 700 15, 000 13,600 12, 600 11,500 14, 400 19, 700 17, 600 20, 400 20, 200 17, 600 15, 200 13, 600 12,900 11, 700 10,800 9,670 8,220 7,490 7,020 6,670 6,440 6,220 6,440 9,000 13,600 12, 600 10,800 ■ 8, 740 7,850 7,980 8,100 9,670 12,800 13,400 14, 200 15, 400 15,900 14, 500 12,300 10, 200 8,350 7,610 7,370 7,730 11, 100 10, 500 9,000 8,610 8,610 8,350 8,100 6,670 6,220 6,780 6,000 5,790 8,220 9,130 7,490 6,900 6,220 5,680 6,000 6,670 7,370 8,610 9,540 9,400 9,130 8,610 8,100 7, 370 6,900 6,110 5,480 4,970 4,210 4,030 4,120 3,850 3,510 3,680 2,750 3,040 3,270 3,350 3,190 2,350 2,960 2,230 2,230 2,890 2,750 2,350 2,230 2 2,230 3. . 2,290 4 . 2,480 5 4,300 6 6,780 7... 7,130 8 9,000 9 7,980 10 7,020 LI 6,440 12 6,330 13... 6,670 14 6,440 15... .. .. 7,020 16 7,250 17... 6,900 6,000 5,170 18... 19 20 4,870 21 20, 100 21, 200 27, 200 51,200 40,400 28,300 21,900 26,000 43, 900 57, 900 61,000 4,480 22 4,120 23 4,300 24 8,610 25 9,800 26 9,400 8,480 27 28 7,980 9,130 29 30 26,600 31 Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 24, 900 22, 200 19,900 18, 600 22, 400 18,300 16, 600 16, 600 25, 300 27,200 25,600 25, 600 27, 600 25, 300 23, 200 20,400 18,000 15, 400 13,600 12,300 10,800 11,400 10, 500 9,940 9,400 8,740 8,350 12,000 46,800 60, 900 50, 200 37,400 29, 900 48,500 51,200 47,000 39, 400 68, 900 70,000 55, 400 43, 500 36,400 30, 700 26, 200 23, 400 20,800 18,300 16, 900 15, 200 14,900 14.200 13, 700 13, 600 13, 700 13, 200 12, 600 10,500 9,260 8,740 8,610 8,350 8,870 9,000 8,870 9,000 9,670 42, 400 52, 600 48, 900 38, 700 30,300 24,700 21,700 19,500 16,600 15, 700 14, 700 13, 700 14, 000 21,200 35, 100 27,000 22, 800 19,400 16, 900 13,100 33,700 13, 100 28, 000 12,800 ! 24,300 12, 100 25, 300 11,700 ! 26,200 28,500 41,900 46, 100 54, 800 59, 300 63, 300 57,000 49, 500 42,400 36, 000 29, 700 24, 300 21, 900 24, 300 27,800 36, 200 38,900 35, 100 36, 400 35,300 32, 100 28,500 28, 700 27,800 28, 100 31,500 29,500 2.5,300 22, 200 23, 400 24,900 28, 100 34, 900 41.500 50, 100 54, 400 58,800 61,000 54, 600 50, 300 45, 400 38, 500 32, 700 41,500 47,600 43, 500 40, 000 35,300 32, 300 36,800 36, 200 30, 700 26, 200 23, 000 20,400 19,000 19, 200 24,500 21,200 17, 200 15,200 14, 400 13, 900 12, 300 12, 800 20, 400 24, 700 20,400 19,700 19,200 16,600 13,200 11,200 9,400 9,000 7,850 7,130 6,780 6,440 6,220 5,580 6,000 8,350 15, 200 16, 200 14, 000 11,100 8,870 7, 730 6,670 6,000 5,680 5, 170 4,870 4,120 4.210 3,940 3,600 3,600 3,600 3,760 3,680 4,210 3,940 3,510 3,430 3,120 2,960 2,960 2,610 2,610 3,350 2,680 2,420 2,170 2,680 8,480 6,440 4,480 4,870 3, 430 2,960 2,890 2,960 2,960 2,680 2,820 3,270 4,870 5,580 8,220 8,350 7,610 6,560 5,900 6,110 5,580 5,070 4,680 4,680 5,900 4,970 4,680 4,680 4,680 4,680 4,300 4,030 3,760 3, 600 3,350 3,120 2,960 2,890 2,750 2,480 2,420 2,290 2,230 2,230 2,000 2,000 2,230 2,110 2, 060 1,950 1,950 1,800 1,760 1,900 1,850 1,950 1,850 1,900 1,850 1,800 1,760 1,670 1,670 1,410 1,850 1,950 1,710 60 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, ending Sept. 30, 1904-1915— Continued. for the Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1908-9. 1 1,800 1,900 1,900 1,760 2,000 1,800 1,760 2,230 2,420 2,290 2,170 2,230 2,000 2,110 2,060 2,000 1,850 1,630 2,000 2,000 1,800 2,000 1,950 1,900 1,480 1,950 1,900 2,110 2,350 2,350 2,420 2,060 2,230 1,950 2,110 2,170 2,060 2,060 1,520 2,110 1,900 2,000 2,170 2,350 2,350 1,850 2,060 2,110 2,480 . 2,750 . 2,610 . 2,540 . 1,900 . 2,610 . 2,000 . 2,110 . 2,680 . 2,820 . 2,610 . 2,000 . 2,110 . 3,760 4,480 3,850 3,430 2,890 2,480 2,960 3,270 4,030 4,030 4,580 6,000 5,370 6,220 5,170 5,070 4,970 14,' 400 ' 12, 700 11, 200 9,900 8,660 8,020 7,780 8,100 10, 100 19, 900 18,300 18, 600 19,500 19,300 19,600 . 20, 400 21, 600 23,300 24, 200 28,300 38,500 55, 100 73, 300 73,500 63, 200 51, 600 42, 900 38, 800 57, 700 85,200 90, 400 86, 100 81,500 77, 200 75, 000 70, 700 64, 200 61, 900 56, 700 49,300 42,800 38, 000 35, 100 34, 700 32, 700 33, 100 35, 600 34, 700 32,800 32,300 30,900 31, 200 33, 400 34, 100 33, 100 32,500 34,000 34,500 34, 100 31,500 28, 100 27, 000 29,500 33, 100 33, 700 31,900 29, 200 25, 400 22, 500 20, 400 18,800 17, 700 15, 000 15, 400 17, 100 16,900 . 16,600 16,300 14, 000 12,300 11,000 13,500 20,900 20, 400 13, 800 11,900 12, 200 9,470 9,410 9,330 7,300 6,600 12, 400 12, 000 12,500 9,820 12, 100 10,000 7,000 6,770 6,670 6,380 4,250 3,670 5, 200 5,240 3,500 3,100 3,050 2,990 3,640 4,120 4,300 4,250 4,030 3,760 3,760 3,810 3,330 3,170 2,900 3,020 3,100 2,940 2,690 2,450 2,320 2,450 2,580 4,070 5,300 3,330 2,520 2,320 2,480 2,690 2,690 2,300 2,480 2,300 2,180 2,420 2,480 2,550 2,480 2,720 2,320 2,380 2,140 2,940 3,330 2,720 2,550 3,670 5,410 5,580 4,360 3,500 3,020 3,140 2,800 2,870 2,650 2,520 2,720 2,020 2,520 2,870 2,480 2 320 2 3 2,380 2,320 1 530 4 5 6 2,020 2,020 2,140 2,140 7 8 9 10 2,200 11 2,580 12 2 520 13. 3,100 2,940 2,750 14 15 16 2,520 2,380 2,220 1,580 2,320 2,350 2,480 2,180 2,080 1,850 18 20 21 23 24 25 26 1,310 1,630 3,470 5,830 28 29 30 6,950 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1909-10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 - -- 8,790 9,060 7,180 6,720 5,830 5,410 5,620 5,370 4,830 3,020 3,330 3,940 3,710 3,580 3,500 3,200 2,140 2,870 3,420 3,250 3,170 3,300 3,300 2,800 3,710 4,630 5,370 4,440 4,300 3,940 3,300 3,670 3,940 3,760 3,760 3,500 3,300 2,610 3,500 4,210 4,170 3,940 4,030 3,940 3,330 3,850 3,990 3,670 3,670 4,030 3,810 2,320 3,250 3,760 3,760 3,990 4,210 5,200 5,520 6,160 6,380 5,720 5,100 4,690 4,690 4,590 :•:::::: . 11,60( . 11, (XX . 10,80( . 11,60( - 10,40( - 10,50( ) 67, 70C ) 82, 20C ) 76,300 ) 67,900 ) 57, 400 ) 47, 600 . 43,500 53,700 53, 20C 51, 000 43,800 41, 900 38, 900 36, 400 37, 400 39, 100 39, 800 31,300 30, 000 24, 600 21, 400 18,300 18,200 14,700 14, 600 17, 600 19,000 18, 700 18, 200 18,500 20, 400 23, 400 27,000 34,300 33, 700 31, 400 28,000 24, 400 15, 800 20,300 21, 200 23, 600 26,500 26, 400 22, 900 20, 400 17, 600 17,300 17, 200 16, 600 14, 900 13,800 13, 800 12, 700 12,300 11, 700 12,000 12,000 14, 100 10, 200 12, 100 11, 200 11,900 17, 800 25, 000 24,900 23,000 19,900 18, 20C 18, 100 18, 900 18, 000 16,300 17, 700 21, 200 22, 200 21, 000 19,000 18,000 22, 100 24, 100 20, 700 15, 900 14,900 13,900 14,800 13, 100 13, 400 12, 200 10, 000 8,970 7,900 7,060 7,950 4,250 5,830 5,410 6,160 5,720 5,410 4,440 4,210 4,210 4,550 4,120 3,990 3,530 3,170 2,940 4,120 4,030 3,530 3,100 2,940 2,060 2,080 2,300 2,750 2,870 2,940 2,580 1,830 1,430 2,260 2,610 3,170 2,940 3,100 2,140 2,060 2,940 3,170 3,050 3,500 10, 600 9,190 7,060 6,160 4,440 4,360 4,400 4,590 4,030 3,360 4, 120 4,120 4,030 4,210 3,990 3,870 3,760 4,440 4,030 4,250 4,170 3,300 1,900 1,850 2,450 2,800 2,380 2,450 2,520 1,580 1,210 1,980 7 3, 670 8 . 47,000 4,030 9 . 43,700 5,830 10 . 35,200 5,100 11 . 29,900 3,760 12 . 25,200 3,870 13 . 23,500 4,400 14 6,950 6,270 5,300 4, 950 4,890 4,500 . 24,200 4,300 15 . 21, 900 3,990 16 . 20,500 . 19,200 . 16,800 . 15,800 . 15,300 . 20,900 . 25,400 . 26,800 . 31,500 . 36,600 . 56,800 . 58,600 . 52,600 . 50,800 . 53,700 . 54,800 4, 440 17 3,940 18 2,550 19 2,140 20 3, 170 21 3,500 22 46,300 57, 700 41, 200 33,300 27, 200 23, 100 19, 100 17,500 14,800 11,400 3,020 23 3,100 24 2,900 25 1,850 . 26 1,550 27 2,140 28 2,380 29 2,650 30 2,520 31 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 61 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 80, 1904-1915— Continued. Day. 1910-11. Oct. 5,100 5,450 4,790 4,440 4,500 4,300 4,300 4,400 2,900 2,520 4,120 4,590 4,400 4,120 3,420 1,800 1,630 2,300 2,300 2,720 2,720 2,520 1,740 1,830 2,990 3,020 2,940 2,870 3,580 2,870 2,650 Nov. 4,550 4,550 4,750 5,520 6,380 9,470 8,870 8,280 7,780 7,060 6,160 5,620 4,630 3,300 5,300 4,990 4,890 4,690 4,890 3,250 3,500 4,590 5,100 4,400 2,750 3,100 1,630 2,220 2,870 3,330 Dec. 3,710 4,120 3,940 2,450 2,320 Mar. 10,600 11,000 9,760 8,660 10, 600 6,720 36, 400 30, 700 31, 100 27, 600 Apr. May. 22,500 15, 800 12,500 12,500 11,000 12,500 34,300 50,800 50,800 41, 900 34, 300 32, 300 32, 700 38, 100 50, 100 59, 300 54, 400 48, 900 41,500 39, 400 38, 100 37,600 35, 100 30, 700 33,500 35, 600 38, 900 39, 800 48, 500 50, 800 48, 500 52, 600 54, 800 51, 600 45, 900 39,800 31, 100 22, 500 21,000 20, 300 19,900 18,900 18, 200 18,500 13, 100 12, 800 11,900 11,000 12, 500 9,760 8,920 8,920 7,660 7,420 6,490 6,270 6,950 4,790 3,100 4,400 6,270 June. 5,830 6,050 6,050 4,990 5,830 6,270 6,490 7,900 6,720 8,920 6,050 3,670 9,470 9,190 8,150 7,420 6,270 6,720 6,950 6,270 5,620 5,830 5,830 5,200 3,330 2,450 4,590 4,590 4,400 4,790 July. 4,400 2,720 1,850 1,530 1,960 2,200 2,450 2,320 1,530 1,330 2,200 3,020 2,720 2,720 2,580 1,330 1,280 2,200 2,320 2,450 2,200 2,200 1,430 1,230 2,080 2,450 2,720 3,020 2,580 1,960 3,020 Aug. 4,590 4,590 4,400 4,400 3,850 2,200 2,200 2,870 3,170 2,870 2,450 2,200 1,280 1,110 1,960 1,960 2,200 2,080 1,960 1,130 1,130 1,850 1,850 2,200 2,200 3,330 2,450 2,720 3,850 5,620 7,900 Sept. 8,150 7,180 6,950 4,030 3,020 4,790 5,200 4,400 5,830 11,600 7,900 6,490 6,050 5,410 5,620 5,200 3,850 6,490 5,830 5,620 5,620 5,410 4,400 2,870 2,800 3,330 4,990 4,990 4,590 5,410 Oct. 4,790 7,420 9,470 8,920 13, 100 13, 100 14, 400 13,500 11,900 11, 900 9,190 9,470 7,900 6,950 7,180 5,410 5,830 6, 950 42, 400 49,300 34, 700 34, 700 29, 900 28,300 23, 700 19, 900 17,800 19, 900 19, 200 6,950 10,000 Nov. 11, 200 11,900 11, 200 10,000 8,660 9,190 9,470 13, i00 12,500 12,500 11, 600 10, 600 11,900 12,500 12,500 12, 800 12,500 12,500 19, 200 15, 100 15,800 16, 800 14, 100 11,900 12, 200 12,500 11,600 10, 000 12,500 19,600 Dec. 18, 900 19, 200 19, 200 13, 100 12,500 8,920 7,900 8,920 9,470 10,000 10,000 11,600 13, 800 16, 400 23, 700 27, 600 26, 400 24, 400 19,900 16,800 12,500 9, 190 15, 800 33,900 33, 900 32, 700 29,900 24, 400 19, 200 15, 100 [3,800 Jan. 18,500 19, 900 19, 200 19, 200 18,500 18, 200 17, 800 14, 800 15, 800 15, 100 Mar. 48, 500 44, 100 33,500 26, 400 22, 200 17, 800 LB,100 14, 800 13,800 19, 600 41,500 13, 200 Apr. 46,800 55, 100 48,500 36, 400 29, 100 38, 500 60, 700 75, 800 79, 600 68, 800 57, 200 49, 700 44, 600 43, 200 41,900 45, 000 59, 300 63, 800 64, 900 66,300 61, 400 55, 100 50, 400 50,800 49,300 17,600 II, ion 39,800 33. 100 31,300 May. 32, 300 28, 000 24,100 21, 000 21, 000 11,600 19, 200 20, 700 20,300 20, 700 19, 200 17, 800 18,900 19,600 19, 900 20, 700 33, 100 40, 200 32,700 26, 800 24, 800 29, 900 36,800 32, 700 27,600 24, 100 19, 200 19, 200 16,800 21,800 42,400 June. 48,500 51, 600 51, 200 51, 200 45, 400 38, 100 31, 900 28, 300 25, 200 15, 100 17, 100 14, 400 13, 100 13, 100 12,500 11,900 7,660 10,000 8,920 8,920 8,150 7,420 4,790 6,490 6,950 6,720 6, 190 6,490 6,050 2,720 July. 2,450 5,200 5,200 4,400 1,960 2,320 1,740 1,740 4,030 4,030 3,670 3,850 4,030 2,720 2,450 2,870 2,450 2,450 3,170 4,400 3,020 2,720 3,020 3,330 3,500 4,400 4,400 3,020 2,580 2, 450 Aug. 2,720 3,500 3,850 2,720 2,080 2,870 3,670 3,670 3,670 3,500 3,330 3,330 4,990 5,200 4,990 5,200 5,410 4,030 5,200 6,050 5,830 4,790 4,030 3,670 3,170 2,720 3, 170 3,670 1,990 5, 620 6, 490 Sept. 4,210 3,330 5,200 6,050 6,050 5,620 5,620 4,790 4,210 4,790 5,200 4,790 4,790 4,400 3,020 6,050 11,000 9,470 9,190 8,660 12,500 13,500 17, 100 17, 100 13,800 9, 760 7,900 6,950 7,180 5,410 62 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1904-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. 22,200 31,100 18,900 25, 200 17,500 22, 200 14, 800 16, 400 14, 400 13,500 .13,100 13, 100 12,500 11,200 11,900 11,900 10, 400 7,420 10, 000 8,400 8,920 8,920 5,620 8,400 7,900 8,400 7,180 7,900 8,400 5,200 7,420 5,830 6,490 8, 150 8,920 7,420 7,180 5,620 9,190 4,790 7,900 4,790 7,900 3,330 8,660 3,670 23, 700 5,620 29, 900 5,200 26,400 4,590 25, 200 4,400 19, 200 4,030 28, 000 2,720 36, 400 1,960 33,500 July. Aug. Sept. 1912-13 1 :... 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17... 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 6,270 7,420 8,920 8,400 7,900 6.950 6,490 6,050 5,830 6,050 6,050 5,620 3,020 3,670 5,830 6,270 6,050 6,050 5,830 4,030 4,990 6,490 45,900 55, 100 46, 800 38, 100 17, 100 19,900 15, 100 14,400 12,500 11,900 17,800 12,800 11, " 10, 000 10, 600 17, 100 33, 100 34, 300 23, 300 22, 900 18,500 18,500 22, 900 21, 400 26,800 10,600 14, 400 13, 100 13, 100 11, 200 11, 900 17,500 7,420 10, 600 11,600 10, 600 10,000 9,760 12,200 6,270 10, 000 22, 200 19, 900 20, 700 24, 100 22,200 17, 100 15, 100 12,500 11, 900 10, 600 10, 600 10, 000 8,920 9,760 9,470 8,920 11, 900 15, 100 17, 100 7,420 8, 150 12, 800 16, 100 14, 100 14,800 13, 800 11, 900 21,000 22, 200 18,500 18,900 24, 400 26, 400 22, 500 19, 900 26, 000 25, 200 19,200 16, 400 19, 900 17, 100 21, 400 18,500 16,400 17, 100 26, 400 36, 000 36, 400 32, 300 37, 200 31,500 27, 600 28, 300 23, 700 19, 900 17, 100 15,100 13, 100 12, 200 15,800 23,300 14,400 13, 100 15, 100 14, 400 15, 100 14, 100 25, 600 17, 800 18, 200 17, 500 17, 100 16, 800 14, 800 10, 000 8,920 13, 500 13, 800 13, 800 13, 100 14, 400 14, 400 19,600 18,500 14, 400 11, 600 13,800 24, 800 16,400 11,200 10,600 10,600 10,600 11, 600 12,500 9,760 8,400 18, 900 23, 700 18,500 22, 500 49, 300 61,000 53, 000 39, 800 31,500 29, 100 38, 900 48, 000 53, 700 49, 300 47,600 63,500 84,500 99, 900 97, 400 82, 800 68, 400 60, 400 55, 100 46, 800 39, 800 38, 100 40, 600 39, 400 36, 400 31,500 24, 400 34,300 23,300 30, 700 30, 700 28, 300 26, 800 26, 000 24, 800 23,700 24, 400 24, 100 22, 500 21, 000 19, 200 19, 200 25,600 14, 800 25,600 26, 000 4,590 5,200 5,620 5,200 3,020 2,080 2,320 2,450 3,020 3,020 3,020 3,020 2,720 2,720 3,330 4,210 4,400 5,200 4, 030 2,580 2,450 3,170 2,720 3,020 3,670 3,500 2.580 2^720 4,210 4,400 4,400 6,050 6,050 3,850 4, 030 6,050 2,320 3,020 3,020 2,450 3,670 2,720 2,200 1,740 2,720 2,450 1,960 2,450 2,720 1,960 1,630 2,450 2,200 2,080 2,450 2,870 2,450 1,740 1,960 2,200 1,480 1,180 1,960 1,850 1,630 2,200 1,740 1,850 2,200 1,960 1,740 1,740 2,580 2,200 2,450 1,960 1,960 1,850 1,630 4,400 3,020 6,270 4,030 2,200 1,630 1,330 3,500 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 3,670 3,850 4,210 2,320 3,850 2,580 2,450 3,500 2,450 3,170 3,330 3,020 8,160 3,850 7,660 3, 330 6,270 1,960 6,490 2,200 6,950 3,330 5,830 3,670 4,590 3,500 6, 050 3,170 6,050 3,330 4,990 1,740 5,200 2,080 3, 850 2,720 2,320 3,020 2,720 2,720 4,400 3,170 3,850 4,030 3,8,50 2,720 3,500 2,580 3,170 4,030 1,850 3,670 2,320 3,500 3,850 3,330 3,670 2,720 3,500 3,170 3,500 6,050 Sept. 1913-14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28... 29 30 31 3,330 3,170 3,020 3,020 2,320 1,530 4,400 4,030 4,400 3,670 3,330 2,200 2,080 3,330 4,030 4,400 3, 670 3,670 2,200 2,080 4,210 4,400 8,160 7,660 12,300 16, 700 17,000 15, 300 13, 300 11,300 9,240 8,160 7,910 8,420 7,910 6,490 6,050 5,620 3,850 30, 400 18,800 16, 700 14,000 8,960 10, 100, 11,000 5,830 6,490 7,420 6,050 6,950 7,420 9,520 9,520 9,810 8,160 6,950 6,950 8,420 4,990 6,050 5,200 10, 100 15, 000 11,300 8,960 9,810 8,690 6,270 6,270 8,420 8,690 8,160 7,910 11, 700 7,910 6,050 6,050 6,270 4,030 4,030 6,490 6,950 42, 600 55,500 61,500 51,400 41, 800 35, 300 31,200 33, 200 51,800 59,500 53, 600 56,500 55,900 49, 900 44, 700 42, 600 40, 200 41, 000 49, 200 68, 400 82,600 81,900 76, 000 68, 400 60, 200 52, 200 50, 700 53, 900 53, 600 58, 200 41,800 60, 800 54, 200 46, 700 41, 800 39, 800 46, 700 45,900 43,500 40, 600 40, 600 32,000 36, 100 37,300 32, 400 26, 800 24, 400 16, 000 18, 100 16,700 I 15, 000 14, 700 14, 700 16, 000 8,160 10, 400 7,910 6,950 8,960 8,960 6,050 6,720 7,420 7,180 6,950 6,490 8,960 10, 400 6, 490 7,660 7,910 6,720 5,620 3,020 3,170 4,790 4,400 3,850 4,030 3,670 2,580 2,870 4,210 3,500 3,670 3,670 3,330 2,320 2,450 3,850 7,910 8,420 7,180 4,990 3,670 2,450 2,320 2,870 3,670 4,030 3,500 3,330 3,170 3, 170 3,330 3,670 3,670 3,670 4,400 2,870 1,530 2,870 2,450 2,450 2,580 2,450 1,740 1,330 2,450 2,320 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 63 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1904-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1914-15. 1 2,200 1.730 5,620 3,330 6,050 42, 600 7,660 22, 100 6,490 3, 670 13,300 8,960 2 2,450 1,450 5,620 3,170 6, 050 33, 200 7, 660 24, 800 5,620 8,690 19, 200 9,240 3 2,580 2,080 4,790 2,870 5.830 28. 800 6,950 24, 000 4,590 16, 000 14,300 9,520 4 3. 020 2,720 6,050 2. 580 5,830 23.600 7,910 23, 300 4,990 18, 400 22, 500 6, 950 5 2,200 2,870 7,180 2, 320 5,830 18, 100 8, 160 IS, 400 5,200 17, 800 55,800 3,020 6 3, 500 2,720 6,270 1,960 6, 950 13,300 9,810 16, 700 3,330 12,000 36, 900 2, 450 7 3,020 2,720 6, 050 3, 020 7.660 14, 700 9,810 13, 600 3,330 14,300 27, 600 4,210 8 2,720 1,290 7,660 7,910 7,910 15, 000 10, 100 12, 600 4,210 11,700 25, 200 5, 830 9 2, 450 1,510 6, 050 7,420 7,420 12, 600 15,000 12, 000 3,330 64, 900 18, 100 5,410 10 2,870 2,720 4,990 6,950 6,720 12,600 18,800 13, 000 3,670 55, 100 19, 200 5,620 11 1,620 3,330 4,400 6, 050 5,830 12, 300 34, 400 12, 600 3,500 45,800 18,800 4,790 12 1,400 3,330 4,400 5,S30 5.200 12, 000 54, 400 12, 000 3,330 33, 200 17,400 3, 670 13 2,320 3,670 3,020 6. 050 4,590 11,300 57, 900 11,000 1,740 35, 300 18, 800 4,030 14 2,200 3,670 3,670 4,030 4.400 8,690 53, 000 9,240 2,200 16, 400 17,800 5,200 15 2,200 1,730 5,410 3, 850 4,210 8,160 43, 800 8,420 3,170 13, 300 16,000 5,200 16 2,080 2,320 7,420 3, 850 12. 000 8,960 37, 700 7,420 3,670 15, 300 12, 000 4,400 17 2,200 6,270 6,270 3,170 18, 100 8, 160 32, 400 8,420 4,400 14,700 13,300 4,400 18 1,730 6,720 5,200 2, 580 18, 800 8,690 26, 400 8,420 5,200 16, 000 12,300 4,400 19 1,400 6,950 4,400 7, 180 15.700 8,960 24, 000 6,490 6,270 9,240 10,400 3,170 20 2,450 4,990 3,330 13, 000 12, 600 7,660 22, 500 8,420 4,400 13, 300 7,910 2,870 21 2,720 4,790 2,080 12,300 10, 700 5,620 21,000 10, 100 5,410 20, 300 7,180 4,400 22 3,020 4,030 2,870 11,700 8,960 6,720 19,500 8,960 6,950 16,400 7,910 7,180 23 3,170 4, 030 3,020 8.160 9, 240 6,950 17,000 3, 330 8,420 14, 000 24,000 7,180 24 3,020 4,990 2,580 7,910 9,520 6, 950 19,500 4,400 5,830 14, 700 14, 700 6,490 25 1,960 4,590 1,960 7,420 44.300 8,420 11,300 7,180 4,590 14,000 16, 700 7,180 26 2,200 3,170 1,330 7,180 62, 800 11,300 8,960 7,910 5,200 9,520 18, 100 7,180 27 3,500 2.720 1,740 6, 950 69, 000 13, 600 14, 700 6,720 2,720 6,270 16, 700 6,490 28 3,330 3,330 2,080 6,720 56,500 10, 700 20, 300 6,050 2, 450 18, 800 15,300 6,270 29 3,330 2, 320 2, 450 6,490 10, 700 21, 000 6,720 4,030 10, 400 8,160 6,490 30 2,720 3,020 2,870 6,490 10. 700 22,500 4,400 3,670 13,300 10, 100 8,420 31 2,200 3,330 6,270 9,520 3,170 13, 300 11,300 Note.— Discharge determined from several rating curves, which vary slightly hut which are all well defined between 1,500 and 70,000 second-feet. Discharge relation affected by ice: Dec. 11, 1904, to Mar. 26, 1905; Feb. 7-27, 1906; Dec. 4, 1906, to Mar. 10, 1907; Jan. 5 to Mar. 25, 1908; Dec. 18, 1908, to Mar. 16, 1909: Dec. 6-13, 1909; De-. 20, 1909, to Jan. 21, 2910; Feb. 7-28, 1910; Dec. 6, 1910, to Mar. 21, 1911; Jan. 11 to Mar. 19, 1912; Dec. 29, 1913, to Mar. 30, 1914, and Dec. 22, 1914, to Feb. 26, 1915. Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1904-1915. [Drainage area, 8,000 square miles.] Month. 1904. April , May June July August September 1904-5 October November March April May June July August September Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. 69, 000 62, 200 18, 200 7,820 9,280 20, 800 26, 500 10, 600 86, 800 87, 900 21,700 16, 100 21,600 26, 100 40, 900 Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. 22, 900 14,200 4,080 2,500 2,310 3,140 38, 700 31,600 8,100 4,530 5,120 8,540 8,180 5,720 13, 400 7,510 19,400 7,630 6,210 3,950 4,130 7, 140 36, 500 15, 300 8,850 7,810 9,390 19.600 4.84 3.95 1.01 .566 .640 1.07 .939 4.56 1.91 1.11 .975 1.17 2.45 Run-off (depth in , inches on f ccu drainage ' area). 5.40 4.55 1.13 .65 .74 1.19 1.94 1.05 5.09 2.20 1.24 1.12 1.35 2.73 64 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1904-1915— Continued. Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Accu- racy. 1905-6. 9,610 15, 100 36, 300 52, 200 23, 100 29, 200 72, 300 64, 900 35, 500 16, 600 8,430 5,520 5,660 5,770 9, 610 12, 100 7,480 7,800 15, 000 19, 400 a 10, 700 13, 400 36, 100 27, 800 16, 600 7,880 4, 540 3,070 0.935 .975 1.88 2.42 1.34 1.68 4.51 3.48 2.08 .985 .568 .384 1.08 1.09 2.17 2.79 1.40 1.94 5.03 4.01 2.32 1.14 .65 .43 A A B. C. D. March 4,780 18,400 13,500 8,690 4,570 2,280 1,850 B. April : B. May A. A. July B. August B. September B. The year 72,300 1,850 14, 200 1.78 24.05 1906-7. October 7,650 13, 300 - 7, 650 1,630 3,520 4,430 6,820 a 5, 490 a 9, 500 a 4, 700 a 16, 600 32, 600 29, 700 11,500 9,200 5,000 6,910 .554 .652 .686 1.19 .588 2.08 4.08 3.71 1.44 1.15 .625 .864 .64 .73 .79 1.37 .61 2.40 4.55 4.28 1.61 1.33 .72 .96 B. November B. C. D. D. 61, 000 62,400 54, 900 20, 400 15, 900 9,540 26, 600 C. 18,000 13,400 6,220 5,680 , 2, 230 2,230 B. A. A. July A. A. September A. The year 62,400 1,630 11,900 1.49 19.99 1907-8. October 60, 900 70, 000 52, 600 27, 000 8,350 11,700 8,350 21, 200 27, 900 21, 500 a 12, 700 a 14, 000 a 24, 100 32, 600 32, 000 10,300 ■ 3,770 4,690 2,010 2.65 3.49 L59 1.75 3.01 4.08 4.00 1.29 .471 .586 .251 3.06 3.89 3.10 1.83 1.89 3.47 4.55 4.61 1.44 .54 .68 .28 A. A. December B. C. c. 63,300 54, 400 61,000 24, 700 8,480 8.350 2,890 c. April 21, 900 12,300 4,120 2,170 2,680 1,410 B. May B. A. July A. August A. .September A. The year 70, 000 1,410 17, 200 2.15 29.34 1908-9. October 2,420 2,820 6,220 1,480 1,520 2,000 2,210 a 3, 710 a 6, 000 ol2,000 a 14, 700 53, 100 28, 400 10, 600 3,250 2,900 2,550 .250 .276 .464 .750 1.50 1.84 6.64 3.55 1.32 .406 .362 .319 .29 .31 .53 .86 1.56 2.12 7.41 4.09 1.47 .47 .42 .36 A. November A. December B. January C. C. 19, 900 90, 400 35, 600 20, 900 5,300 5,580 6,950 C. 20,400 15,000 3,670 2,320 2,020 1,310 B. May A. A. July A. A. ■September B. The year 90, 400 1,310 11,700 1'.46 19.89 1909-10. October 9,060 6,380 6,950 57, 700 11, 600 82, 200 53, 700 26, 500 24, 100 5,720 10, 600 5,830 2,140 2,320 4,420 3,970 a 4, 530 a 13, 000 a 8, 320 40, 300 30, 000 17, 500 14, 600 3,260 4,200 3,100 .552 .496 .566 1.62 1.04 5.04 3.75 2.19 1.82 .408 .525 .388 .64 .55 .65 1.87 1.08 5.81 4.18 2.52 2.03 .47 .61 .43 A. November A. C. C. C. 15, 300 14,600 10, 200 4,250 1,430 1,850 1,210 B. April A. A. A. B. A. B. 82, 200 1,210 12, 300 1.54 20.84 a Discharge relation affected by ice; estimates based on gage heights, discharge measurements, cli- matic data, and comparisons with records of other stations. CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 65 Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1904-1915— Continued. Month. 1910-11. October — November . December. . January.... February . . March April May June July August September . The year . October November . December. . January.... February . . March April May June July August September. 1911-12. The year. October November . December. . January February.. March April May June July. August September . 1912-13. The year. October November. December.. January February.. March April May Juno July August September . 1913-14. The year. October November . December.. January February . . Marcli April May June July August September. 1914-15. The year. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. 5,450 9,470 4,120 36, 400 59, 300 54, 800 9,470 4.400 7,900 11,600 Minimum. 1,630 1,630 59, 300 49,300 19, 600 33, 900 19, 900 48,500 79, 600 42, 400 51, 600 5,200 6,490 17, 100 79, 600 55, 100 34,300 24, 100 37, 200 25, 600 99, 900 60, 400 36, 400 31,100 5,620 6,050 6,270 99,900 17,000 30, 400 15,000 82, 600 60, 800 10, 400 8,160 6,050 8,420 82, 600 3,500 6,950 7,660 13,000 74, 700 42, 600 57,900 24,800 8,420 64,900 55, 800 9,520 74, 700 11,000 3,100 2,450 1,230 1,110 2,800 1,110 4,790 8,660 7,900 29, 100 11, 600 2,720 1,740 2,080 3,020 1,740 3,020 7,420 6,270 12, 200 8,920 8,400 14, 800 5,620 1,960 2,080 1,630 1,180 1,180 1,530 3,850 4,030 31,200 6,050 2,320 1,850 1,740 1,330 Mean. 3, 350 4,950 a 2. 800 a 10, 000 4,200 a 8, 960 36, 100 19, 500 6,060 2,260 2,860 5,470 8,870 16,300 12, 600 18,000 a 9, 100 a 4, 500 » 14, 100 51, 400 24, 600 18,900 3,210 4,130 7,590 15,300 12, 800 15, 900 13, 800 22, 800 15, 500 39, 000 30,300 15, 100 9,050 3,500 3,130 2,280 15, 300 5,910 9,270 7,530 a 3, 650 a 3, 170 a 15, 300 53, 400 27, 300 5,220 4,340 3,160 3,480 | 11, 800 1,400 1,290 1,290 1.900 4,210 5,620 6,950 3,170 1,740 3, 670 7,180 2,450 1.290 2,510 3,390 4,330 5, 960 15, 700 13.200 22,100 j 11,000 | 4,400 18,900 17, 600 Per square mile. 0.419 .619 .350 1.25 .525 1.12 4.51 2.44 .758 .282 .358 .684 10,400 1.11 2.04 1.58 2.25 1.14 .562 1.76 6.42 1.91 1.60 1.99 1.72 2.85 1.94 4.88 3.79 1.89 1.01 .438 .391 .285 1.91 .739 1.16 .941 .456 .396 1.91 6.68 3.41 .652 .542 .395 .435 1.48 .314 .424 .541 .745 1.96 1.65 2.76 1.38 . 550 2.36 2.20 .711 Run-ofi (depth in inches on drainage area) . 0.48 .69 .40 1.44 .55 1.29 5.03 2.81 .85 .33 .41 .76 1.30 15.04 2.35 1.76 2.59 1.31 .61 2.03 7.16 3.55 2.63 .46 .59 1.06 26.10 1.84 2.22 1.98 3.29 2.02 5.63 4.23 2.18 1.13 .50 .45 .32 25.79 .85 1.29 1.08 .53 .41 2.20 7.45 3.93 .73 .62 .46 .49 20.04 .47 .62 .86 2.04 •1.90 3. OS 1.59 .61 2.72 2.54 17.58 Accu- racy. o Discharge relation affected by ice; estimates based on gage heights, discharge measurements, cliniat ic 0 600 ,•750 600 900 soo 050 9,950 10, 150 10,400 11,800 11,900 10,750 9,900 9,750 8,900 7,850 6,400 6,100 5,000 5,100 5,050 4,550 5,000 5, 650 7,200 6,650 6,950 8,800 8,700 7,600 6,400 5,600 4,700 4,600 4,050 22,550 19, 600 16, 850 14,700 13,550 13,750 14, 400 15,100 14,350 13,850 12,050 10, 100 9,650 8,600 8,050 7,000 6,650 6,050 6,950 7,850 7,950 9,450 13,450 17,050 17,150 16,100 18,200 22,400 31, 700 33,150 3,400 3,650 3,600 3,300 2,900 3,650 3,500 5,450 6,550 6,650 5,700 5,750 5,100 4,400 4,250 6,500 6,250 5,200 4,650 5,150 5,600 5,350 6,000 7,200 6,800 9,600 28, 450 25, 150 22,400 23,500 28,800 29, 600 26,900 22, 700 17,750 14,700 13,950 12, 800 11,600 ,10, 150 9,050 8,350 7,250 7,150 7,050 6,600 6,150 5,550 5,050 4,450 4,700 4, 300 4,200 4,200 4,200 2,750 4,000 9,350 6,650 6,150 5,350 5,050 5,300 5,150 4,650 4,200 4,500 4,000 4,150 4,100 4,100 3,050 1,600 4,450 5,400 5.100 4; 500 4,050 4,400 4,500 4,600 '5,000 5,100 4,950 10,350 10, 950 7,300 6,400 5,100 5,250 6,050 5,550 5,100 3,900 2,350 4,400 4,250 4,250 4,200 5,000 9,050 11,350 12,950 12,400 12,000 10,500 8,600 7,550 6,700 6,750 6,600 6,050 5,800 9,100 17,700 21, 500 23,100 19,050 14,550 CONNECTICUT KIVER BASIN. 7a Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Holy oke, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 80, 1880-1899— Continued. Oct. Nov. Deo. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 6,250 5,900 9,700 2,600 2,950 4,700 13, 800 33,250 11,250 5,050 3,850 12,800 5,750 6,600 9,550 6,300 3,000 4,900 18,400 40,700 10,350 4,600 4,150 9,150 4,650 6,400 8,600 6,850 3,000 4,700 23,450 42,350 9,100 4,150 3,900 7,650 4,350 6,850 8,250 6,000 2,850 3,800 22,450 67,850 7.800 4,000 3,900 5,950 4,350 8,600 7,650 5,250 2,100 5,150 27,850 94,350 8,700 4,250 2,550 4,350 4,150 10,900 7,650 4, 550 3,550 4,300 31,650 80, 550 9,100 4,250 2,400 5,300 4,150 12, 250 7,750 3,800 3,450 4,350 28,350 63, 200 8,950 4,000 3,750 4,200 4,300 12, 200 7,850 3,850 3,700 2,650 22,150 51,150 9,700 2,600 3,700 3,250 5,550 12, 500 9,150 4,400 4,950 4,800 27,000 42, 800 9,250 2,550 3,850 4,900 4,750 15, 600 9,950 4,350 6,850 6,250 38, 100 38,200 8,500 4,200 4,000 5,850 4,800 17, 350 10,450 3,900 12, 450 9,500 36,950 35,550 7,850 3,900 3,750 5,250 5,100 17, 100 10,050 3,750 14,750 11, 800 36,950 34,350 7,600 3,800 3,600 4,800 5,000 14, 400 9,200 3,600 12,700 17,050 41,000 38,200 7,250 3,800 3,600 4,400 4,850 12,550 8,750 3,250 9,750| 20,950 46, 800 34,200 9,950 3,750 2,800 3,950 4,950 11,600 8,100 1,550 8,450 26,450 52,000 36,250 11,850 2,600 2,700 3,750 5,250 19,250 7,750 3,750 8,400 25,650 48,450 34,350 11,250 750 3,200 3,650 4,700 40,400 7,500 3,600 8,400, 21,050 39,550 42,550 9,100 3,850 3,250 5,500 4,550 36, 500 7,450 3,200 7,350; 17,300 32,700 44,600 7,950 3,950 2,750 6,100 5,000 31, 650 6,950 3,050 6,450| 13,900 28,450 37,700 7,300 2,900 1,700 5,400 5,250 28, 800 6,600 3,050 6,450 12,350 26,350 32, 000 6,450 1,650 2,950 7,000 5,200 25,300 4,400 2,450 5,900 11,150 26, 200 27,050 5,950 2,600 4,800 8,100 4,500 21,400 4,500 950 5,900| 10, 950] 28,400 24,550 5,750 3,200 4,600 7,650 5,750 18,050 3,200 3,100 5,900 10,000 30, 700 21,500 7,200 1,150 4,750 6,050 5,050 14, 650 2,550 3,100 5,450 9,400 30,750 19,300 7,800 3,400 4,850 6,050 4,950 13,350 3,150 3,050 5,200 10,300 29, 750 18, 700 6,950 3,250 10,200 5,650 4,700 12,000 2,850 3,100 ,5,300 14,650 29, 500 17, 400 6,700 3,250 8,800 4,700 4,450 10,500 3,000 3,050 4,900 16,900 28,650 15,250 6,900 3,400 6,750 5,200 4,500 10, 700 3,000 2,550 4,650 17,150 27,550 14, 150 6,500 3,350 9,050 4,950 3,450 10, 700 3,600 1,150 15,750 28,200 14,000 5,950 3,350 12,950 4,550 5,050 10,250 4,350 4,250 14,750 28,550 13,000 5,800 2,450 17, 700 4,400 5,350 2,950 3,050 13, 800 12,000 4,400 17, 800 4,800 9,900 8,700 8,650 6,100 5,200 11,800 18,450 16,750 6,300 2,850 1,900 4,350 8,650 8,150 8,150 5,750 5,000 14, 150 16, 800 15,200 5,450 2,650 450 3,800 7,750 6,350 7,400 4,550 5,350 15,150 15, 150 14,750 5,500 2,600 1,600 4,050 6,700 6,450 7,400 4,250 5,450 15,200 14, 350 15,750 5,150 1,800 1,600 4,050 5,550 4,400 7, 350 5,350 7,400 15,750 13,950 15,100 4,300 450 1,600 4,050 6,400 4,500 8,150 4,750 9,050 15, 700 12,450 13,550 3,900 2,750 1,600 3,250 5.800 5, 800 8,350 4,450 16,900 14,450 13,100 12,250 4,050 2,950 1,600 3,250 5,650 6,150 8,750 4,600 26,600 13,550 13,000 11,050 3,700 3,450 1,600 4,700 5,200 6,000 7,550 4,650 32,050 14,400 12,800 9,800 4,800 3,950 150 4,000 4,650 5,650 7,050 3,600 31,250, 14,250 11, 800 8,600 4,700 3,800 2,350 3,900 3,650 6,500 6,250 2,950 28,800 14,100 10, 750 8,800 4,800 2,600 2,350 3,900 3,750 5,650 6,000 4,650! 33,300 13,650 9,450 8,100 4,450 600 2,350 3,800 4,450 5,300 5,350 4,500: 35,250 13,800 8,300 7,250 4,150 3,700 2,350 2,900 4,150 4,650 4,650 4,500 33,600, 13,350 8,950 6,500 3,100 3,000 2,350 4,700 4,300 4,650 6,000 4,600 29,850 13,450 8,200 6,250 2,950 2,850 2,350 6,300 4,050 3,250 5,750 4,600 26, 500 15,050 7,600 5,250 3,900 2,750 1,300 5,950 4,250 4,600 5,850 3,350 22,000 16,050 6,550 1,800 3,900 2,750 4,450 5,850 3,400 7, 250 5,950 2,900 18,900 17,450 6,350 4,600 4,050 2, 250 4,000 4,900 2,900 7,850 5,700 4,950 19,950 18,550 6,300 4,750 4,100 450 3,400 4,500 4,350 7,900 4,850 5,050j 31,750 21,300 6,650 5,650 4,050 2,300 3,950 3,200 4.300 7,100 4,050 5,800 35,950 25, 150 8,200 9,250 2,400 2,300 5, 050 3,000 4,250 6,550 5,250 5,450 33,400 32,200 8,450 9,400 1,450 2,300 4,450 4,100 4,850 5, 600 4,750 5,150 33,550 39, 100 7,800 8,800 4,300 2,300 4,150 5,050 5, 150 5,850 4,750 4,400 32, 750 42,050 7,700 7,150 4,250 2,300 4,850 7,650 4,600 8,050 5,150 3,650 26,650 43,300 8,100 6,850 3,550 2,300 4,700 7,000 3,650 15, 000 5,400 4,800 20, 200 40, 550 11,350 5,700 3,350 450 4,350 6,500 4, 500 17,550 5,250 5,100 21,200 34,950 11,450 5,600 3.350 1,900 2,950 7,400 4,550 14, 450 5,050 5,450 17,800 27, 800 11,950 5,100 2,650 1,900 3,050 10,450 7,550 12, 250 6,500 16,050 22, 600 11,750 4,750 450 1,900 3,400 11,800 7,750 10,850 6,100 14,600 20,350 13,000 6,700 3,100 1,900 650 11,250 9,350 6,200 13,500 16,850 3,050 1,900 74 SURFACE WATEES OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Holy oke, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1 899— Continued. Day. 1894-95. 2,450 2,450 2,450 2,450 2,450 2,450 600 3,000 3,000 3,050 6,050 8,000 6,950 6,450 8,050 7,450 6,850 5,950 5,650 5,100 4,450 5,800 5,450 5,000 4,800 4,750 3,450 3,700 5,050 4,800 31 4,800 1895-96. Oct. 2,950 3,000 3,150 4,350 3,400 ,2, 700 4,750 4,750 3,150 3,000 3,350 2,800 1,700 9,550 9,250 7,550 6,200 5,200 3,150 3,100 4,950 4,850 3,500 3,500 4,600 3,600 400 4,300 3,500 3,450 3,350 Nov. 5,000 6,900 6,550 9,000 11,500 13,300 12,500 10, 650 9,100 7,800 7,850 6,850 6,750 6,600 6,850 5,700 6,650 9,000 8,200 7,150 6,550 6,500 5,250 6,150 7,650 7,050 6,500 4,700 4,800 4,000 5,550 5,900 7,050 6,300 6,250 6,150 6,200 5,650 6,200 15, 150 16,100 15,000 22, 600 21,300 24, 700 23,350 22, 000 19, 850 18, 550 17, 550 17, 800 17, 050 16,950 22, 450 23, 600 33, 550 36, 450 37, 150 32, 450 Dec. 3,350 1,650 5,000 4,900 4, 4,850 4,700 3,600 3,300 5,100 4,800 4,950 8,250 11,950 12,150 10, 600 11,350 11,400 10,150 8,550 7,550 7,200 5,400 4,950 3,850 5,050 4,250 4,000 3,100 2,600 4,550 27, 100 22, 500 24, 900 26, 100 21, 900 17, 500 12, 050 10,800 10, 800 9,450 8,800 7,650 7,500 7,050 7,050 7,850 7,450 7,000 7,200 7,250 7,750 10,850 18, 250 23, 800 20, 950 21, 750 22, 300 28, 500 25,050 21, 200 31,600 Jan. 3,050 4,100 4.300 4,300 V 2,650 4,400 4,350 4,500 4,700 5,250 5,600 5,900 7,100 6,000 6,200 6,250 5,800 4,700 4,350 5,700 4,950 4,850 5,050 4,850 3,850 3,350 5,150 4,900 4,050 3,900 47, 350 39,050 29, 700 23, 850 12, 200 9,300 7,750 7,300 7,850 7,100 7,250 8,250 8,250 7,700 7,900 7,700 5,800 6,450 7,400 7, 100 7,100 6,950 6,900 6,200 6,000 6,800 6,350 6,100 6,100 6,000 Feb. 3,900 3,700 1,650 4,550 3,900 3,650 3,250 3,100 2,800 1,300 3,150 3,050 2,950 3,050 3,150 3,600 950 3,050 3,000 2,950 3,050 3,100 3,500 750 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,100 Mar. 5,500 4,850 5,350 4,850 4,800 5,550 17, 150 20, 750 19, 700 17, 700 14, 300 11,650 10, 600 9,600 8,750 7,600 7,800 6,400 6,250 6,600 6,400 5,550 5,150 6,550 6,800 6,500 6,300 6,100 9,600 3,150 2,550 1,700 4,100 3,700 4,200 4,r~~ 4,750 6,300 7,450 6,000 5,200 5,100 5,950 7,850 Apr. 9,400 8,450 8,950 9,450 9,850 10,150 10,550 13,550 38, 200 82,950 89,150 69,650 50, 800 63,700 98, 850 May. 7,850115,000 7.800109,000 88,750 71,250 58,900 7,250 6,050 5,900 6,050 6,300 5,550 6,350 7,600 7,850 9,000 10,150 10, 250 9,100 8,100 66,950 112, 050 103,450 65, 050 37, 900 48,900 44,350 40,750 37, 600 34,900 32, 600 29,300 26, 050 25,200 22,500 34,400 36, 100 32, 300 24,650 19,600 25,100 18,550 "" 18,350 17, 550 17, 700 19, 900 22, 050 19,050 17, 950 16, 900 14, 050 10, 900 9,350 9,300 8,900 8,550 8,950 10, 350 10, 750 25, 250 29, 250 25, 150 22, 300 18, 400 15,300 15,050 19, 750 23, 250 22,250 24,050 26, 150 22,700 26, 950 37, 300 59, 350 71, 100 77,500 84, 450 89,200 88,600 81,200 71,050 61, 950 54,600 46,450 38,300 30,800 26, 750 23, 150 20,900 19,500 21,100 19,900 18,850 16,200 14,700 15,500 15,000 14,200 13,500 12, 750 11,750 11,500 12, 900 13,350 16,300 16, 800 15,250 12,650 10,700 10,900 9,750 8,950 7,800 7,750 8,550 6,050 7,800 9,050 10,600 18, 300 16, 050 14, 700 15,000 14, 350 13, 900 13, 700 13, 550 11, 900 11,000 11, 050 10, 700 10,700 11,000 11,000 9,050 7,800 7,650 7,700 7,350 7,150 6,900 5,900 5,650 6,050 5,800 5,850 4,850 5,350 5,150 5,100 June. 9,050 8,200 8,800 9,600 9,400 8,400 8,150 8,850 7,750 7,600 5,850 5,400 4,400 4,450 5,150 4,550 4,700 4,750 4,750 3,100 1,050 4,250 3,550 3,500 4,500 5,150 5,550 4,200 July. 6,550 6,350 6,450 6,200 4,650 3,850 5,100 4,900 7,100 8,850 8,750 7,750 6,450 6,600 5,950 5,700 5,050 5,050 4,250 3,500 4,300 4,400 4,450 4, 300 4,350 2,550 3,300 4,050 4,150 4,000 3,800 3,800 3,500 3,300 3,300 3,000 3,600 3,300 3,900 3,900 3,700 3,050 550 3,950 4,200 3,000 2,900 2,850 2,950 350 3,000 3,150 3,200 2,950 2,900 2,600 400 2,900 2,950 2,950 3,900 3, 2,350 750 1,700 2,050 2,900 3,450 4,450 6,050 4,500 4,300 4,150 4,100 4,000 4,150 4,100 2,650 450 4,200 3,900 3,400 3,700 4,300 4,150 4,100 4,550 4,450 4,300 4,350 4,000 Aug. 2,700 3,700 3,150 1,350 3,550 3,250 3,350 3,600 4,100 2,950 1,900 4,600 3,550 3,100 2,950 3,500 3,500 1,500 4,550 4,050 3.40C 3,250 3," - 3,600 1,050 4,050 3,350 3,300 3,000 4,350 3, 2,300 2,450 3,900 3,700 3,750 3,650 3,800 2,850 4,100 4,650 4,000 3,750 3,750 3,800 2,050 1,300 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 550 3,300 3,350 3,300 2,950 2,700 1,900 450 2,800 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 75 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Holyoke, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1899— Continued. Oct. 4,650 4,700 3,600 3,500 4,550 4,600 5,200 5, 250 5, 550 4,750 4, 300 4,500 4,250 6,600 10,200 Nov. Dec. 12,050j 17,900 11,7501 15,750 11,550 12,300 12,100 ! 8,250 12,800i 6,450 26, 800 30, 450 25, 300 23, 900 21,000 6,500 8,550 8, 850 9,700 13, 900 17,650 13,800 15,8001 11,000 15,0501 10,400 12,550 9,900 11,600, 9,350 20,100 11,400 '5,950 16, 850 10, 700 4, 300 14,7501 10,0001 4,650 13,950 9,650| 5,000 13,300 9,150 5,150 14, 150! 18, 300 22, 100 21, 850 20, 500 19, 500 16, 800 14, 500 13, 000 12, 050 12, 200 4,950 2 3,450 3 3,350 4 5,000 5 | 4,350 3,400 3, 150 3, 250 2, 950 1, 300 3, 550 3, 000 3,900 5,100 5, 300 4,400 2, 050 4,900 4, 700 4,350 3, 900 4, 050 2, 900 3, 050 4,400 3, 750 3,700 3, 150 3, 100 3, 050 1,750 7, 900 8, 150 9, 450| 8, 750j 8, 400 1 10, 500! 13, 300 13, 600 14, 600 17, 550 6,050 5,250 4,750 3, 900 3,650 4,: 3, 400 4, 550 4,400 4,250 4,300 3,850 4, 550 17, 050 19, 400 15, 850 13, 200 10, 100 9, 850 9,150 14, 900 18, 050 17, 850 16, 200 21, 050 16,650 12, 800 10, 700 11, 150 16, 800 15, 600 18, 700 16, 850 16, .500 15, 850 16, 650 22, 950 Jan. 3,350 3,350 3,350 4,700 4,700 Feb. Mar. 3,900 3,600 3,600 3,750 4,300 4,400 3,550 3,500 4, 450 5, 700 7, 550, 2, 950; 7, 550 10, 100 10, 350 8,400 8,600 7,500 6,650 5,900 5,100 4,750 3,750 3,450 5,100 4,900 4,900 4,400 4,700 3,350 3,000 4,100 3,500 3,350 3,600 4,200 2,300 2,400 7,650 7,500 7,700 7,650 7,750 7,650 8,100 9,050 8,600 8,750 8,450 8, 300 8,750 13, 150 12, 300 15, 450 14, 700 11,850 10, 000 9,700 13,700 23,600 12,900: 59,850 11, 550 1 70,650 15,400' 63,850 19,300! 52,600 17; 700 : 37,050 14,600! 25,550 12, 700; 18,950 12,950 12,650 15; 750, 16,050 12,350| 14,100! 14,650 11,150 13,2001 15,000 8,250 10,350 13,100 11,300 10, 500 9, 700 8, 500 8, 050 9,000 8,950 22,050 10,4.50 29,550 10,450 28, 300 ' 9, 550 25,250 9,050 8, 950 ! 7, 650 2,550 11,750 11, 100 s 12, 150 13,600 10,5 14,250 10,250 11, 150 8,400 6,500 7,250 12, 550 15, 700 15, 300 13, 050 6,150! 12,250 5,100 10,300 5, 200 9, 150 5, 250 8, 200 4,950| 8,100 3,950 15,650 3,600 4,950 4,900 4,800 4,850 4, 850 3,700 2,700 7,000 6,600 7,050 7,350 6,900 6,350 7,500 7,350 7, 350 7,650 7,850 8,100 9,250 12, 250 12, 450 11,750 10', 400 9,900 9, 350 8,750 9,850 9, 350 9, 250 9,200 9,000 8,800 7, 650 8,600 23, 750 23, 750 25, 850 34, 650 33, 350 25, 850 18,600 16, 750 16, 350 16,250 19, 350 8,100 8,400 8,050 8,050 7,500 6,950 7, 8,000 8,550 9, 650 11, 750 16, 950 30,700 66,500 74, 900 64, 700 53, 500 50, 750 55, 850 59, 750 76, 150 68, 600 52, 100 49, 050 44, 250 37, 900 35, 450 38, 500 41, 550 43, 900 46, 100 Apr. 21, 900 22,950 25, 150 24,600 27,050 37, 100 46, 250 44, 900 42, 150 45, 150 36,250 31, 350 26,600 25, 550 28, 700 41, 300 48, 550 50, 950 49,350 44, 500 39, 700 34, 500 30, 250 27, 300 29,050 34,650 37, 350 37, 250 36, 950 37, 050 43, 500 37, 300 29, 550 25, 850 22, 450 20, 450 19, 400 18, 400 16, 950 16,050 18, 650 20, 000 21, 950 23, 950 26,300 35,750 37, 000 34, 200 31, 500 28,500 27,350 25, 400 23, 300 28, 450 46, 850 50, 450 46, 700 39, 200 33, ;500 28, 450 May. 32, 950 28,000 27, 100 June. 22,900 27,800 19,300 16,750 16, 100 27,5001 18,100 26,350 19,600 23,900 20,350 20,550! 19,050 17,050 20,200 16, 150 ; 60, 600 14, 500| 75,350 15,400 56,950 17,500 41,300 35,800] 35,300 44,050! 30,000 36, 550 30, 000 24, 900 19, 700 16, 850 24, 500 21, 050 17, 800 15, 250 12, 300 July. 10, 200 9,550 9,900 9,550 8,100 7,650 7,950 9,950 13, 200 11, 950 9,350 8,550 13, 050 37, 000 57, 250 58,350 50, 200 39,350 31, 350 23, 250 14,600 13,300, 18,750 13/600 13,800; 17,550 12,4501 12,750 19,350 13,400 11,250, 21,400 14,0501 10,000 20,550 16, 250! 18, 950| 20,350 23, 050 24,600 24, 350 23, 800 22, 150 20, 450 20, 550 22, 100 22,650 20, 850 17, 950 17, 300 15, 600 14, 400 14, 400 18, 250 22, 000 22, 450 23, 850 22, 500 19, 200 16, 550 15, 150 14, 500 12, 350 12, 450 13, 050 14, 550 23, 300 23, 600 26, .800 22, 350 19, 450 16, 900 8,300 7,900 9,950 9,700 9,900 14,300 12, 950 11, 550 10, 250 8,650 9,200 9,000 8,800 8,000 8,050 7,600, 4,400 8, 300; 4, 250 10,500| 3,850 15,000; 3,450 17,900 : 3,600 21, 100 27,300 24, 800 44, 150 53, 650 32, 900 6,000 6,050 5,600 4,800 4,550 4, 250 3,300 3,450 3,850 2,850 Aug. 17,000' 15', 850 13', 800, 12, 200 14, 800 14, 350 13, 800 12,800 11,750 10, 500! 9, 050 9, 750 9,100 8, 500; 7,550 3, 200 600 4,050 3,350 3,500 3,250 3, 200 3,200 2,250 4,100 4,350 4,450 4,600 4, 500 3,400 1,500 22, 350 18, 950 16, 050 13, 950 12, 800 12, 750 10, 550 8,750 8,950 8,400 9,150 13, 650 12,600 10, 200 8,150 9,600 9,150 11, 050 12, 300 11, 800 9,750 9,050 8,650 8,750 9,400 9,700 9,500 7,850 7,050 7,250 6,450 4,750 3,800 3, 450 3,650 4,700 4,350 4,800 6,250 6,150 5,750 5, 450 4,800 4,000 3, 150 4, 750 3,800 3, 500 3,450 4,600 3,950 Sept. 6,200 6,150 5,300 4,550 4,600 4,800 4,650 4,500 4,450 4,450 3,650 2,550 5,050 3,900 3, 450 3,450 4,000 3,700 2,250 3,700 3,550 3,550 3,950 4,650 4,450 4,050 5,150 4,950 4,900 4,850 5,000 4,650 3,600 3,550 4,000 5,500 6,850 6,550 5,950 5,050 3,550 5,050 4,850 3,500 3,900 4,700 3, 550 650 4,200 3,550 4, 550 3, 400 5, 350 3, 300 4, 850 3, 200 4, 750 6,700 7,550 5, 850 4, 950 6,950 6,950 6, 150 3, 000 6,950 12,000 12,550 12,050 10, 050 8,000 76 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Connecticut River at Holyohe, Mass., for the years ending- Sept. 30, 1880-1899— Continued. Day. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. 6,300 16, 250 12, 050 6,500 5,300 11, 400 15, 650 58, 850 7,850 4, 650 14, 050 12,600 7,750 5,050 11, 400 14, 300 59, 500 7,800 5,600 12, 700 11, 500 8,000 6,200 10, 750 15, 200 57, 850 6,050 5,050 11, 550 11, 100 8,550 4,600 9,550 15. 350 52, 100 5,750 6,600 10, 700 14, 150 9,950 5,000 9,700 15, 450 45, 900 6,250 23,000 8,950 15, 250 13, 400 5, 250 13,900 15, 850 38, 550 5,400 15, 500 10, 350 14, 800 13, 850 5,200 16, 150 17, 700 31,700 5,450 12, 550 9,850 13, 050 11, 900 5, 000 16, 500 23, 200 26, 750 5,400 12, 200 9,700 11, 550 12,000 5,100 15, 200 26, 200 22,600 5,250 11,650 10, 850 12,250 10, 750 5, 000 13, 650 33,400 19, 950 4,000 9,550 28, 750 9,900 9,350 4,500 12, 050 35, 200 17,900 4,750 8,600 29, 150 9,400 8,150 5,350 11, 950 35, 850 16,600 5,350 7,800 21, 350 5,800 10, 450 5,250 18, 650 35, 000 15, 400 5,300 7,200 18, 800 5, 850 6,050 4,050 22, 150 45, 250 13, 800 4,100 7,200 16, 600 6,150 7,100 3,950 22, 400 61, 500 14, 500 4,500 9,800 14, 950 6,400 9,700 4,300 19, 500 73, 050 13, 400 4,750 11, 550 13, 700 6,050 11, 750 5,150 17, 700 67, 250 12, 800 3,650 10,400 13, 500 6,600 11, 850 4, 400 15, 050 59, 800 12,050 4,650 10, 150 16, 200 7,250 10, 400 4,600 13, 500 64, 850 11, 300 5,100 11, 950 24, 550 6,500 9,000 . 5,350 14, 700 73, 700 10, 150 4,900 12,650 26, 650 6, 500 7,900 5,650 14, 000 73, 350 10, 100 5,100 13, 250 23, 750 7,200 6,550 5,700 12, 500 69, 850 10, 900 5,200 16, 000 20, 700 8, 550 7,250 6,500 11, 750 70, 500 10, 450 4,850 15, 450 18,000 11, 550 7,000 7,450 11,000 77,600 10, 150 3, 050 13,450 16, 450 12, 300 7,700 7,650 10,200 79,600 8,850 l,750l 12,050 14, 200 12, 650 8,050 8,250 8,600 82, 500 8,200 4,900 17,850 12, 750 11,000 7,900 9,550 9,800 82, 100 7,250 4,600 22,400 10, 850 9,650 7,100 10,050 9,550 75,150 6,600 3,300 21,000 8,850 8,450 5,200 11, 900 67, 700 7,200 4,150 18, 700 10, 550 7,600 5,950 14,650 61, 100 6,600 4,800 18,300 7,700 5,150 16,950 6,100 July. 3,050 2,100 3,200 2,500 3,900 3,350 3,700 3,400 1,900 6,950 6,250 6,850 5, 850 5, 150 4,000 3,250 5,150 4,400 4,650 4,550 4,750 3,200 1,200 4,150 4,250 7,700 8,150 6,750 5,150 3,950 5,150 Aug. 5, 050 4,400 3,700 3,850 2,700 700 3,550 3,550 3,200 3,150 3,100 2,850 800 2,700 2,700 2, 700 2,700 2,700 2,700 750 2,400 2,400 2,400 2,' 2,400 2,400 750 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 Sept. 2,500 2, 500 1,250 4, 150 3,650 3,400' 3,450 3,300 2,850 400 2,350 2,350 2,350 2, 350 2,350 2,350 650 2, 250 2,250 2,250 2,250 2,250 2,250 650 3,050 2, 950 3,150 3,150 3, 300 3,850 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. 1899. 1 850 3,250 3,250 3,250 3,250 3,250 3,250 850 2,550 2,550 3,550 5,500 8,050 9,150 9,650 10,400 8,500 7, 300 6,200 5, 650 5,100 4,050 650 5,500 4,200 5, 850 7,150 6,300 3,900 2,450 1899. 11 2,550 2,550 2,550 2,550 550 2,350 2,350 2,350 2,350 2,350 4,850 4 , 400 5,300 5. 450 1899. 21 2,350 550 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 450 3,200 3,150 5,350 4,600 5,400 5,400 4,100 3,350 5,600 5,450 5,400 4,650 10, 650 2 12 22 11,650 3 13 5,850 5.200 23... 9,900 8,850 8,950 7,800 4 14 5,350 5,300 5, 200 5,250 3,750 2,100 5.500 11,300 15, 100 14,000 11,850 8,650 6,300 7,500 •24 5 15 25 6 16 26 7 17 18 27 5,650 8 28 5,550 9 19 29 30 5,300 10 20 4,100 700 31 Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Holyohe, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1899. [Drainage area, 8,390 miles.] Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. inches on drainage area). 1880. January 24,700 24,850 40, 150 44, 100 23,900 8,750 8,300 4,650 2,350 6,550 7,330 6,850 7,300 5,650 1,750 ' 1,950 9,650 14,800 15,300 20, 600 11,500 4,160 3,640 2,170 1,700 1.15 1.76 1.82 2.46 1.37 .496 .434 .259 .203 1.33 February 1.90 March 2.10 April 2.74 1.58 June .55 July .50 August .30 September .23 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 77 Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Holyoke, Mass., far the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1899— Continued . Discharge in s >econd-feet Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. 1880-81. 4,950 11,050 3,850 2,950 13,050 19,500 48,500 49,050 11,450 7,600 7,050 4,750 2,100 1,800 9,150 7,750 12,350 3,200 1,000 450 2,260 6,100 3,050 2,520 5,730 13,600 22,400 27,000 6,210 3,950 3,900 2,950 0.269 .727 .364 .300 .683 1.62 2.67 3.22 .740 .471 .465 .352 0.31 .81 .42 .35 .71 1.87 2.98 3.71 .83 July .54 .54 September .39 The year 49,050 8,290 .988 13.46 1881-82. 6,600 18,850 46,850 34,000 22,000 43,650 25,800 38,500 35,300 9,250 3,650 45,000 5,900 4,750 4,050 4,400 8,950 11,400 12,700 5,750 1,600 250 250 3,200 11,300 15,800 8,790 9,100 19,500 18,200 20,200 17,600 5,410 2,800 7,950 .381 1.35 1.88 1.05 1.08 2.32 2.17 2.41 2.10 .645 .334 .948 .44 1.51 2.17 1.21 1.12 2.68 2.42 2.78 2.34 .74 .39 1.06 46,850 11,700 1.39 18.86 1882-83. 6,800 3,850 3,, 700 3,700 5,750 8,400 68,300 29,350 17,200 8,550 4,100 2,500 3,500 1,050 850 400 2,150 3,150 7,550 12,200 5,000 1,750 950 250 4,610 3,360 2,740 2,630 3,930 5,270 33,300 19, 600 10,800 5,610 3,060 1,880 .549 .400 .327 .313 .468 .628 3.97 2.34 1.29 .669 .365 .224 .63 November .45 .38 .36 .49 .72 4.,43 2.70 1.44 July .77 .42 September .25 68,300 250 8,050 .959 13.04 1883-84. 8,350 10, 100 6,650 8,800 28,100 71,900 70,800 35,450 15,500 6,200 5,800 5,450 950 2,650 1,550 4,850 5,450 7,300 20,400 17,550 5,050 3,000 1,000 500 3,540 5,070 3,910 6,210 14,300 22,000 40,200 26,300 8,940 4,360 3,1% 2,820 .422 .604 .466 .740 1.70 2.62 4.79 3.13 1.07 .520 .380 .336 .49 November .67 .54 .85 February April June July August 1.83 3.02 5.34 3.61 1.19 .60 .44 .37 71,900 500 11,700 1.39 18.95 1884-85. November January March May July:::;;:;;;;;;;;;;;;:;;;;;;;;;;:;;;;;;::;;; September.... 6, 100 17,650 28, 100 36,650 9,150 6,150 63,950 33,550 17,600 12,050 13,550 8,150 1,100 4,000 4,700 7,050 5,250 3,600 8,500 7,100 3,100 2,950 2,950 3,050 4,020 8,380 11,200 15,300 7,140 4,810 37,400 16,500 7,010 7,050 6,150 5,580 .479 .999 1.33 1.82 .851 . .573 4.46 1.97 .836 . 840 .733 .665 .55 1.11 1.53 2.10 .89 .66 4.98 2.27 .93 .97 .85 .74 The vear 63,950 1,100» 10,900 1.30 17.58 ===== 78 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Holyoke, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1899— Continued . Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. 1885-86. October 18,400 47,200 24, 600 58,950 37, 500 22, 750 80,150 19,600 12,900 4,350 3,950 5,100 3,750 7,500 4,750 7,600 7,200 6,700 16,550 7,500 4,550 850 550 50 7,980 20,800 11,300 15,900 16, 100 9,600 37,300 12, 800 7,500 3,050 2,710 2,490 0.951 2.48 1.35 1.90 1.92 1.14 4.45 1.53 .894 .364 .323 .297 1.10 November 2.77 December 1.56 January 2.19 February 2.00 March 1.31 April .' 4.96 May 1.76 June 1.00 July .42 August .37 September .33 The year 80, 150 50 12,200 1.45 19.77 1886-87. October 8,850 34,800 21,050 39, 150 31,900 9,900 85,500 72,500 27, 650 32,300 26,750 8,500 1,000 5,850 6,150 6,650 7,800 7,200 8,100 10,050 5,150 5,550 5,650 3,650 4,370 14,700 10,400 11,800 13,700 8,160 44,300 31,100 12,700 11,000 12,000 5,520 .521 1.75 1.24 1.41 1.63 .973 5.28 3.71 1.51 1.31 1.43 .658 .60 November 1.95 December . 1.43 January 1.63 February 1.70 1.12 April 4.28 June 1.68 July 1.51 August 1.65 September .73 85,500 1,000 14,900 1.78 24.17 1887-88. October 6,200 18, 700 27, 600 13, 750 14,100 32,400 90,900 99, 750 17, 600 7,600 8,150 42,000 3,300 3,500 6,100 6,850 6,600 5,650 27, 150 16, 700 6,300 1,600 1,100 4,900 4,480 6,770 11, 900 8,830 8,550 12,000 38,900 47, 800 10,500 4,310 £,690 13,000 .534 .807 1.42 1.05 1.02 1.43 4.64 5.70 1.25 .514 .559 1.55 .62 November .90 December 1.64 January 1.21 February 1.10 1.65 April 5.18 May 6.57 June 1.40 July .59 August .64 September 1.73 The year 99, 750 1, 100 14,300 1.70 23. 23 1888-89. October 23,050 38,050 59, 300 31,000 11,100 24, 600 37, 800 29,050 21, 750 18, 500 21,050 17, 450 13,600 10,950 5,700 9,200 5,600 5,750 15, 750 8,500 6,300 5,750 2,700 1,350 18,000 22, 600 19, 600 16, 700 7,290 13, 600 26, 500 13, 800 13, 100 9,120 9,240 6,060 2.15 2.69 2.34 1.99 .869 1.62 3.16 1.64 1.56 1.09 1.10 .722 2.48 November 3.00 December 2.70 January 2.29 February .90 1.87 3.53 1.89 June <• 1.74 July 1.26 1.27 .81 59,300 1,350 14, 700 1.75 23.74 1889-90. October 22,350 37,250 37, 650 23, 200 35, 000 37, 250 46,250 46, 750 25, 950 7,450 18, 450 32, 100 4,900 12,050 9,350 9,100 8,550 9,650 13, 600 23, 800 6,400 1,550 550 6,900 11, 500 19, 000 20,500 15,000 14, 800 19, 700 29,400 31,300 13, 200 4,900 6,020 14, 400 1.37 2.26 2.44 1.79 1.76 2.35 3.50 3.73 1.57 .584 .718 1.72 1.58 November 2.52 December '. 2.81 2.06 February 1.83 March 2.71 April 3.90 Mav 4.30 June 1.75 July .67 .83 September 1.92 The year 46, 750 550 16,600 1.98 26.88 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 79 Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Holyole, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 80, 1880-1899— Continued . Discharge ir second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. 1890-91. October 44,000 26,950 7,250 31,400 44,950 63,250 67,300 21,650 11,900 9,600 10,950 5,600 3,850 7,750 4,100 6,050 8,850 15,150 20, 250 9,800 4,050 2,900 1,600 1,200 18,300 14, 100 5,830 14, 200 17,000 29,900 41,300 15, 100 7,410 5,130 5,300 3,890 2.18 1.68 .695 1.69 2.03 3.56 4.92 1.80 .883 .611 .632 .464 2.51 November 1.87 December .80 1.95 2.11 March 4.10 April 5.49 May. . 2.08 June .99 July .70 .73 September .52 The year 67, 300 1,200 14,800 1.76 23.85 1891-92. October 4,650 10, 750 33, 250 63, 100 9,100 13,700 53, 500 48,300 33, 150 29, 600 23, 100 11,050 900 1,050 4,500 9,000 4,900 5,550 10, 650 11,300 6,050 2,750 2,350 1,800 3,040 5,140 11,300 19, 500 6,860 8,490 22, 600 21,200 14,300 12, 400 8,930 4,960 .362 .613 1.35 2.32 .818 1.01 2.69 2.53 1.70 1.48 1.06 .591 .42 .68 December 1.56 January 2.68 .88 1.16 April 3.00 2.92 June 1.90 1.71 1.22 .66 63, 100 900 11,600 1.38 18.79 1892-93. October 6,250 40, 400 10, 450 6,850 14, 750 26, 450 52, 000 94,350 11,850 5,050 17,800 12,800 3,450 5,900 2,550 950 2,100 2,650 13, 800 12,000 5,750 750 1,700 3,250 4,860 15, 800 6,6^0 3,560 6,240 11, 800 31,000 36, 200 8,160 3,370 5,440 5,680 .579 1.88 .794 .424 .744 1.41 3.69 4.31 .973 .402 .648 .677 .67 November 2.10 December .92 .49 February .77 1.63 April 4.12 4.97 1.09 July .46 .75 September .76 The year 94,350 750 11,600 1.38 18.73 1893-94. 11,800 9,900 17,550 8,750 6,100 35,950 43,300 18, 450 16, 750 6,300 3,950 5,050 2,900 2,900 3,250 4,050 2,900 5,000 11,800 6,300 1,800 450 450 150 5,300 5,220 7,500 6,250 4,640 22,300 21,000 10,900 8,700 3,850 2,320 2,700 .632 .622 .894 .745 .553 2.66 2.50 1.30 1.04 .459 .277 .322 .73 .69 December 1.03 .86 .58 3.07 April 2.79 1.50 1.16 .53 .32 .36 43,300 150 8,400 1.00 13.62 1894-95. 8,050 13,300 12,150 7,100 4,550 10, 250 115,000 21,000 9,800 4,200 4,600 4,550 600 4,700 1,650 2,650 750 1,700 8,450 6,050 1,050 350 1,050 350 4,610 7,530 6,060 4,740 2,990 6,260 45, 300 12,300 6,110 3,030 3,280 2,740 .549 .897 .722 .565 .356 .746 5.40 1.47 .728 .361 .391 .327 .63 November 1.00 December .83 January .65 February .37 March .86 April 6.02 May , 1.70 June .81 July .42 August .45 September .36 The year 115,000 350 8,720 1.04 14.10 80 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Connecticut River at Holyoke, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1899— Continued . Discharge in second-feel Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. 1895-96. October 9,550 37, 150 31, 600 47,350 20, 750 112,050 89,200 18,300 8,850 6,050 4,650 8,450 400 4,000 7,000 5,800 4,800 8,550 17, 550 4,850 2,550 450 450 700 4,100 17, 100 15,800 10,900 8,780 27,200 42,400 9,680 5,360 3,650 2,960 4,770 0.489 2.04 1.88 1.30 1.05 3.24 5.05 1.15 .639 .435 .353 .569 0.56 2.28 2.17 1.50 1.13 March 3.74 5.63 ' 1.33 .71 July .50 .41 .63 The year 112,050 400 12, 700 1.51 20.59 1896-97. 22, 100 30,450 17,900 10,350 14,250 34, 650 50, 950 44,050 75,350 58.350 22, 350 6,200 3,500 7,900 3,400 , 2,300 2,550 3,500 21, 900 12,450 7y900 7,650 6,450 2,250 11,000 14, 100 7,620 5,010 5,780 14,500 35, 500 22, 500 22,300 23,500 10,800 4,310 1.31 1.68 .908 .597 .689 1.73 4.23 2.68 2.66 2.80 1.29 .514 1.51 1.87 1.05 .69 .72 1.99 4.72 3.09 2. 97 July 3.23 1.49 September .57 The year 75,350 2,250 14,800 1.76 23.90 1897-98. 5,300 29,550 70, 650 16,050 12,450 76, 150 50,450 26, 800 17, 900 6,050 7,550 12, 550 1,300 3,850 8,950 7,500 6,350 6,950 16,050 12,350 7,550 600 3,150 650 3,670 14,900 21,800 10,300 8,670 35,500 29,200 19, 100 11,400 3,800 4,960 5,420 .437 1.78 2.60 1.23 1.03 4.23 3.48 2.28 1.36 .453 .591 .646 .50 1.99 3.00 1.42 1.07 4.88 3.88 2.63 1.52 July .52 . .68 .72 76, 150 600 14, 100 1.68 22.81 1898-99. 23,000 29, 150 15, 250 13,850 10,050 22,400 82,500 59,500 7,850 8,150 5,050 4,150 4,650 8,850 5,800 5,150 3,950 8,600 14,300 6,100 1,750 1,200 700 400 12,200 15,800 9,720 8,780 5,690 13,800 49,400 20,800 4,930 4,470 2,670 2,530 1.45 1.88 1.16 1.05 .678 1.64 5.89 2.48 .588 .533 .318 .302 1.67 2.10 1.34 January 1.21 .71 1.89 April 6.57 2.86 .66' July , .61 .37 .34 They year 82,500 400 12,600 1.50 20.33 1899. 3,250 10,400 15, 100 450 2,100 650 2,560 5,690 6,930 .305 .678 .826 .35 November .76 December .95 CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN. 81 Days of deficiency in discharge of Connecticut River at HolyoTce, Mass., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1881-1899. Dis- charge in Theo- retical horse- Days of deficiency in discharge. second- power feet. per foot of fall. 1880-81 1881-82 1882-83 1883-84 1884-85 1885-86 1886-87 1887-88 1888-89 1889-90 1890-91 1,000 1,500 114 12 6 11 4 1 170 14 8 17 9 1 7 2 i 1 2 2 2,000 227 28 10 25 12 1 8 2 3 1 3 3 2,500 284 40 18 53 12 1 23 4 4 4 5 3 3,000 341 113 37 93 41 4 55 4 7 6 11 9 3,500 398 155 66 134 73 18 80 17 18 12 14 17 4,000 455 180 88 191 107 39 92 27 42 20 31 24 4,500 511 193 97 212 145 73 97 29 65 23 35 50 5,000 568 206 107 230 164 95 105 33 80 25 40 65 5,500 625 220 112 241 184 122 114 37 88 27 45 92 6,000 682 229 125 248 202 147 121 48 102 39 48 107 6,500 738 235 130 253 209 161 124 69 123 46 56 123 7,000 795 243 143 262 215 179 136 84 143 61 63 137 7,500 852 249 154 268 227 191 148 102 174 76 73 151 8,000 909 254 163 275 232 211 162 131 197 86 78 158 8,500 966 258 168 282 240 220 173 151 208 92 82 159 9,000 1,020 264 174 285 249 228 185 172 219 100 89 163 9,500 1,080 274 181 288 251 245 191 186 226 111 100 166 10,000 1,140 278 194 292 254 251 202 207 231 122 109 180 11,000 1,250 284 209 297 261 262 219 221 243 145 122 194 12,000 1,360 292 225 301 266 275 240 231 255 170 130 208 14,000 1,590 301 251 306 278 292 272 257 269 197 166 233 16,000 1,820 314 275 318 284 299 286 273 277 225 196 253 20,000 2,270 330 302 336 292 318 310 295 295 288 254 284 25,000 2,840 339 334 345 310 331 322 315 307 321 297 304 30, 000 3,410 345 345 352 333 340 332 326 316 342 323 322 35, 000 3,980 351 354 352 340 348 340 330 332 358 341 332 40,000 4,550 355 358 354 350 353 348 337 338 363 358 343 50,000 5,680 365 365 356 355 359 360 345 347 363 365 350 75,000 8,520 365 366 365 364 362 361 365 365 100, 000 11,400 365 365 366 Discharge in second- Theoreti- cal horse- Days of deficiency in discharge. feet. foot of fall. 1891-92 1892-93 1893-94 1894-95 1895-96 1896-97 1897-98 1898-99 1,000 1,500 114 170 227 i 3 6 2 5 7 8 10 24 10 14 19 6 7 10 2 3 5 7 9 2,000 11 2,500 284 9 11 38 25 17 3 7 30 3,000 341 28 29 54 59 37 7 10 47 3,500 398 38 57 71 109 55 17 36 65 4,000 455 49 '86 89 142 76 40 58 75 4,500 511 71 112 122 165 108 58 73 90 5,000 568 86 142 159 197 126 88 95 104 5,500 625 100 161 184 215 135 101 103 133 6,000 682 116 176 204 228 149 105 108 141 6,500 738 143 187 220 243 176 111 114 151 7,000 795 156 198 230 256 188 115 123 163 7,500 852 168 204 241 263 205 118 128 174 8,000 909 178 217 251 277 223 126 144 185 8,500 966 188 223 262 286 228 137 159 192 9,000 1,020 196 230 270 294 235 146 *172 199 9,500 1,080 209 238 275 303 241 155 186 202 10,000 1,140 212 246 '277 307 244 169 194 215 11,000 1,250 223 258 280 317 253 183 206 233 12,000 1,360 241 264 289 323 259 195 215 252 14,000 1,590 274 280 304 332 264 229 240 280 16,000 1,820 290 290 323 337 273 245 264 301 20, 000 2,270 312 304 336 342 . 299 276 293 321 25, 000 2,840 331 312 342' 344 325 306 317 332 30,000 3,410 345 330 349 347 337 323 330 337 35,000 3, 980 354 340 359 349 343 334 334 339 40,000 4,550 356 350 362 35 1 350 346 342 343 50, 000 5,680 362 359 365 354 352 357 350 345 75,000 8,520 11,400 366 MY.i 365 359 363 359 364 364 365 364 365 360 100,000 365 Note.— The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table allow- ance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, which may be as large as 5 per cent. 40966°— wsp 415—16 6 82 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. MILLERS RIVER BASIN. GENERAL FEATURES. Millers River is formed in the town of Ashburnham by the union of Bear Meadow and Bluefield brooks. Bluefield Brook, which drains the larger area and is therefore considered the continuation of the river, rises in the southwestern part of the town of New Ipswich, Hillsborough County, N. H., in a small pond on the south slope of Barrett Mountain, and flows southwestward 3J miles to its. junction with Bear Meadow Brook. From this point the general course of the Millers is southwesterly and westerly to Millers Falls, where it turns sharply and flows northward to its junction with the Connecticut. The river is about 45 miles long and drains 394 square miles. The principal tributary streams from the north are Priest Brook, Tully River, Orcutt, Moss, and Keyup brooks; from the south, Otter River t Beaver Brook, Mill Creek, and Whetstone, Osgood, and Wickett brooks. The basin contains a large number of ponds, the largest being Lake Monomonac. Many of these ponds are regulated for the benefit of storage, and for this reason the flow is not flashy, presenting in this respect a striking contrast to Deerfield River, which enters the Connecticut from the west and drains a somewhat larger area. The precipitation in the basin ranges from 45 inches in the upper part to 40 inches in the lower. Much of the region drained is well wooded, hardwood growths pre- dominating. The principal rock of the region is granite, and clay and sand are abundant. The water power afforded by the river has been fairly well de- veloped, especially between Athol and Millers Falls, but much of the power now lost in the rapids below Erving might be conserved and the value of the present power units might be materially increased by utilizing more of the available storage sites. MILLERS RIVER AT WENDELL DEPOT, MASS. Location. — At the railroad bridge at Wendell Depot, immediately below the dam of the Athol Gas & Electric Co. Drainage area. — 353 square miles. Records available.— Discharge measurements June 5, 1909, to September 22, 1913. Gage.— Chain gage at the bridge 1909-1912; in 1913 two gages— one in the pond above the hydroelectric plant and the other in the tailrace. Discharge measurements.— Made from the railroad bridge or by wading. Measure- ments for rating wheels made from footbridge across tailrace. Channel and control. — Bed rough; control at high and medium stages, a dam 1£ miles below station. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum discharge, approximately 4,500 second-feet, morning of March 28, 1913. Winter flow. — -Discharge relation affected by ice during short periods. MILLERS RIVER BASIN. 83 Regulation. — At ordinary stages the river is under complete control of the power plant of the Athol Gas & Electric Co., which was put into operation June, 1910. Power plants farther upstream, at Orange and Athol, also affect distribution of flow. Accuracy. — -The extent and rapidity of diurnal fluctuations incident to the opera- tion of the power plant of the Athol Gas & Electric Co. made it impossible to base estimates of daily discharge on two gage readings a day, and an attempt was made to utilize records of sluice gates and wheel-gate openings and ratings of discharge through the wheels at the power plant. Owing to the range and rapidity of changes in gate openings and the necessity of installing recording instruments on the wheel governors it was found to be impracticable to secure accurate dis- charge data at this place. Records of stage can not be used for the computation of discharge and are there- fore not published. Discharge measurements of Millers River at Wendell Depot, Mass., during 1909-1913. Date. 1909. June 5 22 Aug. 3 27 Oct. 8 8 Dec. 17 1910. Feb. 14 Mar. 2 July 19 19 Sept. 14 1911. Jan. 12 24 29 Feb. 11 Made by— D.M.Wood do ....do ....do Norcross and Wood . ....do D.M. Wood D.M.Wood... ....do T. W. Norcross. D.M. Wood... H. B. Alvord.. ..-.do W. G. Hoyt. F. J. Shuttleworth. F. B. Saunders ....do ....do Gage height. Feet. 2.00 1.80 1.12 1.38 1.21 .67 1.69 2.34 6.40 4.21 4.89 .S4 &1.45 1.34 1.69 1.25 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 598 463 104 229 132 a 23 376 400 3,360 2,300 2,840 c97 cl31 d34 204 186 270 124 Date. Feb. 20 27 Mar. 11 15 Apr. 1912. Feb. 14 Nov. 22 Made by- F. B. Saunders do. do . do. do.... do.. do. do. do.. do.... do do. do. do. do.... do. do. G. H. Canfield. C. S. DeGolyer. height. Feet. 1.42 1.82 2.15 3.10 2.90 3.00 5.30 4.80 5.10 4.92 2.95 2.48 2.49 3.25 4.38 4.55 4.23 i>2.69 1.90 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 208 332 499 936 879 799 2,750 2,480 2,630 2,530 1,090 1,030 805 1,130 2,200 2,230 2,150 438 176 Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Pond gage. Tail-race gage. Wheel gate openings. 1913. Aug. 28 C. II. Fierce do .. Feet. 99. 25 99.75 94.32 95.68 96. 16 96.08 95.92 Feet. Sec.-ft. d20.0 d25.5 147 259 204 275 342 28 « Do Sept. 21 .. do 78.16 77.89 77.78 78.03 78.36 0.49 opening on two wheels. 0.49 opening on four wheels. 0.67 opening on two wheels. 0.91 opening on two wheels. 0.65 opening on four wheels. Sept, 22 22 do do 22 ..do. 22 . do. « Not reliable; partly estimated. '< Discharge relation affected by ice. '• Discharge through gates only. <* Leakage in wheel pit. « Wheel gates opened and closed between times of making the two measurements. Results show variab amount of leakage. 84 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. MILLERS RIVER AT ERVING, MASS. Location. -—At downstream end of chair factory at Erving, about 8 miles above the confluence of Millers River with Connecticut River and below all important tributaries. Drainage area.— : 372 square miles. Records available.— August 1, 1914, to September 30, 1915. Gages. — Staff gage attached to factory August 1, 1914, to June 30, 1915; water-stage recorder July 1 to September 30, 1915. Discharge measurements. — -Made from cable or by wading. Channel and control.-— Bed composed of coarse gravel and bowlders; control for low stages is a short distance below the gage and is practically permanent. Extremes op stage. —Maximum stage recorded: 5.5 feet at 4 p. m., February 25, 1915; discharge, 4,850 second-feet. Minimum discharge, practically no flow at various times, water being stored farther upstream. .Winter flow.— Discharge relation somewhat affected by ice. Regulation.— Operation of power plants at Athol, Orange, Wendell, and Erving affects the flow to such an extent that mean daily discharge can not be accurately determined from two gage heights a day. Accuracy. — 'Rating curve fairly well defined, partly by measurements obtained subse- quent to September 30, 1915. Monthly records prior to July 1, 1915, obtained as explained in the footnote to the daily discharge table, are somewhat uncertain. Discharge measurements of Millers River at Erving, Mass., during 1914-15. Date. Made by- \*& Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1914. July 24 28 Aug. 21 Sept. 22 Feet. a 1.68 a 1.80 2.07 1.97 Sec.-ft. 146 138 226 204 Nov. 24 1915. Feet. 1.88 2.80 2.33 Sec.-ft. 192 do C. H. Pierce R. S. Barnes Aug. 18 Hardin Thweatt 643 Sept. 22 do 404 a Determined from a reference point. MILLERS RIVER BASIN". 85 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Millers River at Erving, Mass.. for the years ending Sept. 30, 1914-15. [Staff gage.] Day. August. September. Day. August. September. A. M. P. M. A. M. P. M. A. M. P. M. A. M. P.M. 1914. 205 a 87 202 220 224 224 385 213 a0 56 216 232 240 252 aQ 58 ( c ) 163 153 150 150 224 81 89 160 163 127 213 220 224 236 209 a 31 35 108 124 136 27 34 a 24 202 205 202 173 187 150 173 170 ( c ) 118 153 136 127 121 37 166 190 194 1914— Contd. 17 202 220 187 224 232 320 a 202 340 248 205 232 202 220 a 48 228 213 141 138 183 400 340 ( c ) 236 150 209 205 153 130 ( c ) 325 216 205 202 a8 202 209 202 205 216 224 *5 205 173 4 130 2... 18 157 3 19 111 4 20 CO 180 5 21 6 22 114 7 23 116 8 24 170 9 25 187 10 26 130 11 27 ( c ) 69 12 28 13 29 39 14 30 127 15 31 16 Day. 1914-15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 t 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 October. A. M. P. M 166 205 202 «4 153 147 144 157 157 «7 98 232 150 160 213 220 a 22 228 228 213 252 224 224 oil 160 272 236 224 209 94 124 124 69 ( c ) 127 94 98 150 85 141 ( c ) 30 74 78 76 72 83 CO 153 150 157 124 157 133 (C) 127 41 31 63 46 November. February A. M. P. M. a 35 83 74 213 101 220 205 a0 89 228 236 52 224 157 M 144 220 141 213 150 147 07 150 213 220 33 150 256 a 41 220 CO 35 209 46 85 54 72 (c) 150 A. M. P. M 76 76 58 124 ( c ) 160 44 60 72 83 35 i ( c ) ! 220 I 39 41 1,540 1,360 1,370 1,260 960 a 748 788 812 869 3,010 1,330 1,300 1,090 923 812 (c) 637 780 887 4,850 (c) I 4,480 4,100 138 I 3,320 I 2,820 58 i a 2, 060 (c) (c) I...!. 202 March. A. M. P. M. 1,060 1,290 1,310 1,51Q 836 a 588 932 600 612 612 624 576 a 385 558 415 360 335 468 504 a 365 540 350 430 320 534 456 a435 504 315 425 1,230 1,160 788 804 644 630 ( c ) 630 618 612 ' 624 570 445 (c) 355 492 486 612 528 305 C") 385 450 445 504 564 430 M 400 335 272 a Sunday. & Discharge estimated by comparison with readings made twice a day. c Gage read in morning only. Afternoon discharge taken as mean of discharge for preceding and following mornings in computing monthly records. 86 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Millers River atErving, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1914-15~Corrtirmed. Day. 1915. April. A. M. P. M 708 305 435 a 198 492 370 335 630 804 878 a 923 1,820 2,230 1,860 % 420 1,190 1,020 a 716 679 570 612 612 588 570 a 300 492 606 612 400 570 582 355 456 00 435 658 732 679 00 2,230 2,080 1,510 923 1,100 780 ( c ) 665 708 672 637 594 700 ( c ) 510 630 450 450 732 A. M. P. M 1,510 a 1,310 1,150 1,150 950 740 a 618 672 665 651 492 400 a 330 564 350 462 325 236 187 a 209 276 280 36S 202 a 180 180 1,170 ( c ) 1,110 1,050 828 748 686 ( c ) 658 606 462 410 ( c ) 450 430 370 445 ( c ) 430 510 300 335 445 440 ( c ) June. A. M. p. m 474 280 213 224 124 a 48 232 220 224 202 228 121 a 52 236 260 240 228 240 127 a 60 410 228 224 252 240 144 o53 220 236 244 340 121 370 138 130 00 360 53 114 96 180 111 00 350 220 153 205 202 183 (<0 325 425 160 213 194 00 325 170 248 July. A. M. P. M 240 300 672 a 820 732 570 546 390 2,730 2,560 a 2, 080 1,630 1,220 606 748 658 430 a 205 335 330 256 516 612, 582 1335 345 498 335 395 564 564 284 456 788 ( c ) 716 606 606 540 2,820 2,560 00 1,410 950 780 764 748 658 00 510 492 300 546 672 546 00 340 600 552 606 630 August. A. M. P. M. a 450 651 665 564 3,210 2,640 2,390 a 2, 000 1,720 1,370 1,140 1,620 923 980 a 844 724 624 564 355 350 320 a 213 700 370 390 380 400 380 a 240 474 310 00 534 708 2,730 2,910 2,560 2,390 ( c ) 1,360 1,240 1,130 828 950 960 00 740 732 724 724 679 325 00 679 644 665 630 576 582 ( c ) 296 September. A. m. p. M 400 252 320 280 a 153 256 106 183 157 420 173 a 173 276 213 248 205 252 260 a 41 232 205 244 288 248 345 a 173 380 240 248 244 522 420 405 355 (C) 3 180 462 415 320 252 CO 268 345 365 445 345 252 ( c ) 370 365 330 456 450 176 00 292 202 40 224 Day. July. Aug. Sept. Day. July. Aug. Sept. Day. July. Aug. Sept. 1915. 1 284 390 665 o724 693 510 534 724 2,560 2,310 «1,760 a 468 445 588 1,120 2,730 2,310 2,150 1,670 1,430 1,180 1,000 385 335 345 395 a 236 141 144 248 224 355 260 1915. 12 1,510 1,130 748 788 780 644 a 468 486 492 6 285 450 878 914 869 a 748 644 665 582 522 504 430 a 340 a 153 ' 264 232 236 252 220 &190 a 6 135 6 200 190 220 1915. 23 534 440 a 350 325 462 440 462 522 528 558 498 510 492 516 528 a 209 305 330 232 2 13 24 260 3 14.. 25 127 4... , 15 . 26 a 166 5 16. 27 244 6 17 28 213 7 18 29 98 s 19 30 187 9 20 31 10 21 11 22 a Sunday. 6 Discharge estimated by comparison with readings made twice a day. c Gage read in morning only. Afternoon discharge taken as mean of discharge for preceding and follow- ing mornings in computing monthly records. Note. — Discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well denned below 1,800 second-feet, several discharge measurements obtained subsequent to Sept. 30, 1915, being used to determine the curve. Mean discharge computed from automatic gage records. A discharge record computed from two readings a day, made about 8 a. m. and 4. p. m. on staff gage, is given for July, August, and September, 1915, subse- quent to installation of automatic gage, for the purpose of comparing record obtained from two readings a day with that obtained by means of the automatic gage. Monthly discharge for period prior to installation of automatic gage obtained by applying a reduction factor of 0.90 to means from readings twice a day, this factor being determined by a comparative study of results subsequent to installation of automatic gage. Discharge relation affected by ice at various times during December, 1914, and January and February, 1915; discharge for these mouths estimated from observer's record and climatic data. MILLERS RIVER BASIN 87 Monthly discharge of Millers River at Erving, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1914-15. [Drainage area, 372 square miles.] Month. 1914. August September. October — November. December. . January.... February.. March April May June July August September. 1914-15. The year. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. 2,560 2,730 Minimum. 284 Mean. 160 125 Per square mile. 0.430 .336 119 103 82.5 652 1,010 530 695 518 190 742 843 230 471 .320 .277 .222 1.75 2.72 1.42 1.87 1.39 .511 1.99 2.27 .618 1.27 Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). 0.50 .37 .37 .31 .26 2.02 2.83 1.64 2.09 1.60 .57 2.29 2.62 17.29 Accu- racy. MOSS BROOK AT WENDELL DEPOT, MASS. Location. — Just above junction with Millers River, at Wendell Depot. Drainage area. — 12.5 square miles (approximate). Records available. — June 4 to October 16, 1909; April 25 to August 27, 1910. Gage. — In 1909, vertical staff attached to highway bridge 100 feet above mouth of stream; in 1910, vertical staff in pond above a weir about one-fourth mile above mouth of the stream. Discharge measurements. — Made by wading. Channel and control. — Bed of stream rough and rocky; one channel at all stages. Control for gage used in 1909 was drowned out by the Athol Gas & Electric Co.'s dam on Millers River; control for 1910 was a sharp-crested weir constructed about one-fourth mile above mouth of stream. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum discharge for 24 hours: 70 second-feet, April 27, 1910; minimum discharge for 24 hours: 0.3 second-foot, June 30, 1910. Accuracy. — Discharge record only approximate. Discharge measurements of Moss Brook at Wendell Depot, Mass., during 1909-10. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1909. June 5 D. M. Wood Feet. 1.21 1.18 .94 .96 .99 Sec.-ft. 8 6 1.5 2 6 10.5 1910. Apr. 25 July 19 Sept. 14 D. M. Wood Feet. .55 .20 .10 Sec.-ft. 19 3 22 do do do Norcross and Wood D. M.Wood H. B. Alvord 2.8 Aug. 3 W. G. Hoyt 1.77 27 Oct. 8 Dec. 17 Note.— The gage heights for 1909 refer to the gage at the meter station at the bridge. The gage heights for 1910 refer to the gage at the weir. 8 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Moss Brook at Wendell Depot, Mass., for 1909-10. Day. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Day. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. 1909. 1909. 1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 2.4 2.2 1.8 1.8 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 16 17 18 19 7.4 6.8 15.1 15.1 2.4 3.6 3.3 3.1 4.6 7.4 10.3 9.6 3.6 3.5 3.3 2.7 2.7 2 3 4 7.4 5 7.4 3.5 3.3 2.7 3.3 20 9.6 2.7 4.6 2.5 6 25.8 3.1 3.1 2.7 3.3 21 9.0 2.7 4.6 2.5 7 17.4 3.1 3.1 2.5 3.1 22 7.4 2.4 3.5 2.4 8 12.9 3.1 2.9 2.5 4.6 23 5.7 2.4 3.1 2.4 9 9.9 2.7 2.7 2.4 4.2 24 5.7 3.1 2-9 2.7 10....... 9.0 2.7 2.4 2.4 3.8 25 3.6 2.7 2.9 4.6 11 12.2 2.7 1.8 2.7 3.3 26 3.1 2.7 2.7 8.2 12 10.6 2.7 1.8 2.7 3.3 27 3.1 2.7 2.5 11.9 13 9.0 2.7 2.7 2.5 3.1 28 4.6 2.7 2.4 24.0 14 8.8 2.7 2.5 2.5 3.1 29 4.2 2.7 2.4 16.5 15 8.2 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.7 30 31 3.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.2 8.2 Note.— Discharge determined from a poorly defined rating curve. Discharge Aug. 17, 1909, interpolated. Day. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Day. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1910. 1 26 23 20 28 29 25 19.0 21 17.1 19.0 17.1 14.9 13.5 12.2 11.3 7.7 6.4 5.7 4.1 5.5 6.9 10.4 7.6 5.7 6.4 34 27 19.9 12.4 8.1 1.0 1.0 3.2 2.3 5.3 2.7 2.2 1.7 1.2 1.2 3.2 2.4 1.3 1.4 1.5 1910. 16 10.2 9.5 12.2 19.6 13.5 12.2 12.2 10.4 9.3 7.4 7.1 6.4 5.7 4.7 3.7 6.4 6.4 14.6 12.6 9.5 6.4 4.4 3.2 2.6 1.7 1.3 .9 .8 1.0 .6 .3 """"i.3* 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 .9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.6 2 17 1.7 3 18 1.8 4 19 1.9 5 20 2.0 6 21 2.2 7 22 2.2 8 23 2.2 9 24 2.1 10 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 16.2 ' 43 70 45 33 29 2.1 11 1.9 12 1.9 13 14 15 Note.— Discharge determined from a rating curve well defined below discharge of 20 second-feet. The values, however, are somewhat vitiated by variable leakage underneath the weir, particularly during the later part of June. m Discharge interpolated June 5, 12, 19, July 24, Aug. 7, and 14-20. Monthly discharge of Moss Brook at Wendell Depot, Mass., for 1909-10. [Drainage area, 12.5 square miles.] Month. 1909. June 4-30 July August September October 1-16 1910 April 25-30 May June July 19-31 August 1-27 Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. 25.8 3.6 10.3 24.0 4.6 70 29 34 2.2 5.3 Minimum. 3.1 2.4 1.8 2.4 2.7 16.2 3.7 .3 .9 1.0 Mean. 8.98 2.84 3.39 4.58 3.43 39.4 14.4 7.80 1.35 2.04 Per square mile. 0.718 .227 .271 .366 .274 3.18 1.16 .109 .165 Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). 0.71 .26 .31 .41 .16 .71 1.34 .70 .05 .17 Accu- racy. PLATE IV U. S. GEOL OGICAL SU *VEY — / WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 415 PLATE IV 8* Il Gagini sti tion at Ch< --* — ' 2 irlemont V^^ ^_^*-"~ZQ Miles from moutt of river 6 I i "7 -i^h-cttftitt v' 6 8 Miles fi om moutt of river Si t. 4°3 Ir— 11 tysfi< 2 2 /§§ Jiil ' 1 CS - u * |i 3 .S I / tZ 74- Miles from mouth of river 1 I 1 1 1 /?D ^^'-"l p ^— — * i j D ^ $ / Miles c 3 ^^-^5 -^^ 4 ' I" 1? ^s^> / 5 L 1 s^ A S~^~ 1 " 1 2 Full MILES [Somer Set reser A \ Ji Empty 2 f^ ^ ' 1 r 6 ^-^l\) / ^" """"^ /i 3 63 A///es /vo/77 moutn of river 1 Profile of East Branch El. 600 3 i~s Miles Si 2 ^Z-O/77 /77C !/ns of cubic feet). Discharge without storage (second-feet). Mean. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Accu- racy 1913. June 19-30 July August September 1913-14. October November December January February March April May June July August September The year. 1914-15. October November December January February . . . i . . March April May June July August September The year 255 422 685 1,530 140 175 219 167 -196 -352 +13.5 103 79.5 172 3,390 11, 000 2,960 870 790 9,340 15, 700 3, 760 753 995 924 451 15, 700 257 889 304 5,210 12, 100 1,0C0 9,350 985 362 12,200 7,020 1,580 12, 200 70 299 297 82 93 122 1,250 166 68 112 281 30 540 1,170 616 363 298 1,360 4,120 1,230 279 477 587 190 + 148 +361 +107 + 61. + 29. +181 +819 +445 -245 -631 -909 -339 595 1,310 657 387 311 1,430 4,430 1,390 182 250 244 65 30 935 38.3 936 29 41 43 70 340 324 383 138 99 237 283 140 177 133 761 1,400 515 1,570 396 224 1,610 1,190 541 + 31.1 + 84.8 + 70.5 +254 +285 + 72.7 +439 +147 -253 +239 +225 -206 102 210 159 856 1,520 542 1,740 451 126 1,700 1,270 462 712 +1,390 756 0.285 .220 .475 0.33 .25 .53 1.64 3.62 1.81 1.07 .859 3.95 12.2 3.84 .503 .691 .674 .180 1.89 4.04 2.09 1.23 .89 4.55 13.61 4.43 .56 .80 .78 .20 2.59 35.07 .282 .580 . .439 2.36 4.20 1.50 4.81 1.25 .348 4.70 3.51 .32 .65 .51 2.72 4.37 1.73 5.37 1.44 .39 5.42 4.05 1.43 28.40 Note. — Data in regard to amount of water stored in Somerset reservoir were furnished by the New England Power Co. through J. B. Mahoney, superintendent of power. Days of deficiency in discharge of Deer field River at Charlemont, Mass., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915. Discharge in second- Theoret- ical horse- power per foot of fall. Days of deficiency in discharge. Discharge in second- feet. Theoret- ical horse- power per foot of fall. Days of deficiency in discharge. feet. 1912-13a 1913-14 1914-15 1912-13" 1913-14 1914-15 25 2.8 5.7 11.4 22.7 34.1 45.5 56.8 68.2 90.9 114 170 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 5,000 6,000 8,000 10,000. 16, 000 227 284 341 398 455 568 682 909 1,140 2,270 104 317 328 336 347 352 356 357 360 363 365 347 50 12 46 72 88 94 98 100 103 103 103 7 18 64 132 171 205 230 281 297 314 13 59 99 141 192 228 261 295 314 336 351 100 354 200 355 300 356 400 356 500 358 600 360 800 362 1,000 1,500 365 a June 19 to Sept. 30. Note.— The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table, allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, -which may be as large as 5 per cent. DEEEFIELD RIVER BASIN. 107 DEERFIELD RIVER AT SHELBURNE FALLS, MASS. Location. — At the plant of the Greenfield Electric Light & Power Co. (PI. VI), 1 mile below Shelburrie Falls, from June 1, 1907, to December 31, 1913. At power station No. 3 of the New England Power Co., from January 1, 1914, to September 30, 1915. Drainage area. — 501 square miles at first location. 500 square miles at second location. Records available. — June 1, 1907, to September 30, 1915. Dam and power plant. — The dam at the plant of the Greenfield Electric Light & Power Co. is of concrete, of ogee section, and is similar to one that has been rated. The height of the dam was increased 3 feet in the fall of 1908. Ratings of one of the two power units have been made by engineers of the Geological Survey for use in conjunction with the Holyoke ratings of the wheels. Computations of discharge. — The flow is computed from records of gate openings, power readings, height of water on the dam, in the fore bay, in the tailrace, and at the wasteways. The total electrical output is measured twice a day. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum 24-hour discharge computed 1907-1915: 21,300 second-feet, April 15, 1909. Minimum 24-hour discharge, practically zero at various times when water was held back by dams. Accuracy. — Owing to the extreme care with which the readings are made in winter and summer, the records are considered good. Cooperation. — Records furnished by H. K. Barrows, Boston, Mass., and by the New England Power Co. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Deer field River at Shelburne Falls, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1907-1915. Days. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1907. 1 253 214 251 246 246 252 256 255 222 258 251 249 247 253 254 225 254 256 247 241 204 174 206 165 216 209 199 202 181 193 138 60 104 67 92 104 33 71 108 108 77 99 129 92 99 106 87 84 105 113 53 114 86 2 63 3 118 4 .". 210 5 1,190 6 620 7 417 8 235 9 220 10 228 11 231 12 421 13 244 14 258 15 220 16 156 17 312 18 173 19 147 20 139 21 133 22 227 432 199 255 134 23 305 21 189 240 433 408 320 251 834 258 554 1,370 817 368 233 231 162 1,980 25 1,370 26 771 27 765 28 404 29 4,100 30 1,370 31 108 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Deerjield River at Shelburne Falls, Mass, for the years ending Sept. SO, 1907-1915— Continued. Day. 1907-8. 1908-S Oct. 648 470 800 1,370 1,060 553 1,090 1,360 978 867 872 730 675 406 396 331 241 264 252 296 279 283 284 288 278 237 3,360 10, 100 5,010 3,600 55 50 60 76 129 390 471 405 411 271 Nov. 2,380 2,390 7,680 3,580 2,380 1,980 16,300 3,540 1,970 1,630 1,220 857 644 647 557 477 • 341 405 397 408 411 397 436 368 435 434 483 408 398 342 158 189 173 127 151 180 155 142 150 185 167 206 282 257 221 161 193 170 121 177 239 212 179 208 247 268 348 352 373 205 Dec. 250 287 295 267 192 247 351 357 452 2,350 2,320 1,870 955 967 833 728 633 632 544 552 535 432 2,370 1,680 1,920 1,360 1,080 1,080 1,070 1,080 1,670 196 204 90 93 102 169 757 528 303 343 297 320 232 263 378 179 219 193 218 337 271 155 132 149 163 295 178 147 152 156 Jan. 1,080 776 599 490 318 381 1,090 723 625 624 793 1,380 1,340 1,360 908 1,020 719 815 433 443 628 731 537 383 383 914 597 830 479 184 150 228 171 350 371 6,400 1,700 909 711 744 619 550 342 229 492 407 279 365 237 Feb. 599 400 237 215 344 730 383 485 718 599 599 774 581 583 1,470 7,020 2,650 1,560 974 1,100 848 994 844 485 218 ' 293 1,010 769 506 150 286 260 685 1,680 1,120 542 526 765 528 479 577 463 742 404 473 410 261 4,830 297 3,390 381 2,140 553 1,370 735 2,240 1,780 4,290 1,000 2,460 619 1,740 593 1,280 417 464 287 Mar. 742 718 944 958 954 826 729 730 1,240 969 1,250 1,660 1,850 2,260 1,250 1,250 1,120 1,250 1,250 1,550 1,500 1,430 4,410 1,910 7,730 5,760 10, 600 6,580 3,550 933 903 742 687 751 665 596 594 640 ,280 ,280 898 885 667 630 586 535 580 555 564 541 539 633 2,980 1,530 1,220 1,390 1,250 1,120 Apr. 2,740 2,350 1,810 1,290 1,290 1,350 2,440 2,730 6,590 3,340 4,360 2,910 2,170 1,490 1,440 4,280 1,820 1,810 4,730 2,920 1,960 1,230 1,490 2,350 2,160 3,080 2,730 3,140 2,740 1,820 771 1,700 2,400 1,680 2,460 3,340 9,040 8,140 4,610 2,830 1,860 1,540 2,610 18,900 21,300 8,460 7,290 6,660 5,850 9,350 4,600 5,610 3,620 2,620 2,190 2,250 1,910 3,470 2,430 2,250 May. 7,190 2,500 2,090 1,650 1,430 848 878 8,910 5,220 jMlO 2,350 1,590 1,830 2,140 3,410 2,500 1,960 1,670 1,520 1,670 1,520 2,670 6,090 3,400 2,660 1,820 1, 520 1,520 998 1,100 2,000 3,140 2,200 2,780 2,580 1,990 3,850 2,210 1,650 1,380 1,240 1,100 857 743 646 596 847 1,230 970 852 743 633 815 688 638 624 551 1,100 1,360 1,080 845 June. 3,630 2,500 1,840 1,230 1,100 554 295 289 259 257 259 235 187 576 419 258 179 182 182 178 409 221 174 230 153 186 559 442 475 467 ,670 863 648 511 555 ,100 755 522 535 550 408 3,830 1,370 643 417 534 473 341 345 241 212 242 194 July. 170 159 137 146 136 195 284 248 157 135 130 106 139 94 101 79 279 213 242 221 495 373 573 3,160 1,850 640 326 235 250 177 172 245 270 253 234 205 151 152 136 146 85 182 85 119 U8 133 150 136 131 141 136 128 127 165 152 134 138 118 111 91 Aug. 200 177 92 132 113 337 328 266 372 558 272 275 332 273 268 179 150 1,110 419 258 252 239 248 206 235 265 208 183 144 111 77 57 120 113 273 264 219 112 115 101 76 113 90 212 1,140 1,580 606 415 361 246 181 190 167 125 104 136 112 119 110 DEEKFIELD RIVER BASIN. 109 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Deer field River at Shelburne Falls, Mass.. for the years ending Sept. SO, 1907-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept, 1909-10. 1 448 311 292 237 252 229 207 161 179 145 150 191 261 282 222 194 189 191 244 267 270 300 598 698 565 612 565 482 322 306 372 146 112 244 90 128 111 92 111 68 115 89 144 109 118 100 62 102 86 135 101 73 93 131 190 219 171 158 171 252 180 189 220 350 355 377 311 223 228 240 228 240 171 215 212 196 196 188 250 294 344 245 250 281 292 306 266 368 386 337 423 526 185 167 498 957 908 876 462 326 280 273 310 280 273 298 262 226 209 172 200 133 149 225 169 157 251 183 221 125 209 235 362 309 290 288 275 231 249 259 219 193 87 129 287 222 474 385 317 287 265 238 245 239 215 206 196 185 189 179 192 118 160 193 155 122 156 100 117 140 144 119 77 56 96 97 123 121 110 139 33 140 112 134 115 105 242 594 273 278 304 286 294 277 151 232 200 223 236 297 1,100 321 638 565 403 404 317 278 295 284 254 1,140 902 1,050 1,560 16,900 5,920 3,330 2,460 1,680 1,400 1,060 1,040 857 925 576 2,330 5,450 3,120 1,420 1,010 750 957 680 336 338 566 723 537 689 241 177 434 423 386 574 550 510 284 318 318 491 2,840 1,860 1,510 494 636 500 577 499 496 288 204 318 532 490 583 343 409 212 385 418 725 706 620 617 825 2,050 1,070 970 906 815 1,150 9,830 297 .517 205 244 354 396 292 213 219 336 271 215 246 262 226 220 219 330 327 281 266 234 224 201 213 257 768 605 11,200 6,360 4,250 2,990 2,350 2,580 4,950 3,300 2,290 1,630 1,430 1,300 1,410 1,580 1,180 1,060 1,070 879 869 1,660 3,080 2,660 3,110 3,560 9,460 8,220 4,580 4,080 6,160 7,480 5,840 420 331 264 251 217 219 214 213 243 223 183 237 235 444 614 402 317 314 323 298 368 354 677 498 501 782 5,030 6,200 3,510 4,120 1,360 4,880 4,120 2,970 2,630 2,510 2,870 2,940 2,070 1,430 1,140 1,010 1,030 919 821 790 782 749 850 1,930 1,320 1,050 858 944 710 653 4,750 4,170 2,020 1,360 1,220 1,310 1,110 959 961 1,060 5,160 8,700 5,020 4,130 2,240 2,060 1,990 2,840 4,600 6,730 4,540 2,900 2,120 2,290 2,260 2,050 2,460 2,130 1,990 3,330 4,090 4,470 4,940 4,710 3,760 1,070 989 954 1,070 1,010 887 756 684 625 744 724 657 552 526 724 618 512 604 942 1,010 799 942 709 618 786 1,710 1,390 865 655 565 1,700 3,600 5,920 2,850 1,890 1,280 1,090 965 711 752 710 607 636 901 701 521 534 456 354 927 805 587 424 446 383 447 414 438 357 302 229 314 1,590 1,180 925 710 660 3,570 2,240 1,540 1,170 1,170 2,520 2,590 2,210 1,440 1,160 961 1,170 1,290 1,090 818 666 491 447 508 247 248 281 278 277 275 373 476 410 324 301 363 2,520 1,730 826 683 720 1,200 3,480 1,830 1,300 896 807 631 530 440 374 353 322 294 257 375 437 411 308 260 222 189 186 172 171 190 169 193 125 113 94 152 131 102 105 131 81 100 278 235 262 121 141 88 121 145 188 397 157 152 145 218 200 196 167 184 153 153 105 124 118 135 118 91 101 41 95 133 149 112 119 80 62 122 172 315 216 145 242 276 253 136 104 135 135 141 136 104 114 96 101 196 260 192 113 140 104 136 106 62 75 82 108 53 97 120 82 50 39 55 63 65 200 158 160 129 158 43 123 92 125 158 103 70 59 75 103 179 247 122 132 150 181 131 143 81 142 204 251 258 1,730 903 639 56 2 71 3 14 4 90 5 229 6 710 7 707 8 304 9 243 10 184 11 16 12 120 13 103 14 174 15 155 16 111 17 " 92 18 56 19 84 20 78 21 143 22 110 23 73 24 115 25 85 26 149 117 28 144 29 30 160 193 31 1910-11. 1 397 2 300 3 185 269 5 280 6 652 7 1 040 8 980 2,530 2,090 910 9 10 11 12 775 13 14 351 328 15 16 911 657 434 18 19 365 20 313 289 21 22 640 607 452 559 351 354 420 648 1,490 23 24 25 26.... 27 28 29 30 31 **' 110 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Deerfield River at Shelburne Falls, Mass, for theyears ending Sept. 30, 1907-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1911-12. 1 845 2,390 1,320 2,080 2,430 1,340 1,320 1,270 1,470 1,170 912 796 645 534 607 554 552 6,710 11, 100 4,560 3,550 4,750 4,550 2,660 1,860 1,320 1,170 1,030 947 820 906 388 311 327 274 238 213 142 212 182 142 270 474 308 592 396 281 267 223 225 212 295 290 4,350 13,900 6,760 4,540 2,420 2,060 1,690 1,510 1,360 1,320 1,040 772 760 622 651 1,500 1,500 1,050 902 1,040 940 1,510 1,180 1,180 1,050 664 2,470 2,220 1,500 1,180 1,050 779 927 913 746 773 677 3,120 1,460 1,190 2,060 1,660 1,340 1,180 1,060 1,340 4,320 2,670 2,000 1,490 1,500 1,510 3,820 3,110 2,020 1,820 1,680 1,340 1,190 1,340 1,350 1,180 1,140 1,510 1,350 1,190 1,140 470 620 1, 190 903 712 747 509 575 502 515 506 586 583 797 945 823 951 1,220 2,050 1,380 945 701 591 749 4,280 2,840 1,820 1,360 1,550 1,380 794 587 912 659 967 5,250 2,560 1,780 3,680 3,220 2,100 1,580 1,430 1,260 930 839 986 421 651 1,000 865 1,450 1,780 1,150 1,060 858 472 365 525 635 619 657 986 3,460 656 331 297 414 200 185 251 368 381 411 293 299 252 333 260 267 265 273 297 669 649 633 476 455 424 420 266 251 341 368 368 1,890 1,360 2,490 3,360 2,000 1,530 3,380 4,290 2,890 2,110 1,550 4,150 2,750 1,730 1,440 1,370 3,390 5,730 4,800 2,700 3,820 2,920 2,110 2,710 1,920 1,450 1,530 923 1,060 1,073 1,071 346 218 317 332 323 336 306 348 272 296 271 276 272 262 266 264 248 279 264 294 300 372 366 357 340 379 371 353 340 2,710 1,490 1,450 1,440 1,200 1,320 1,030 1,210 1,240 1,040 557 498 381 471 397 376 689 413 357 329 465 879 1,020 789 600 469 480 1,230 307 299 305 299 275 258 268 289 341 369 285 300 2,950 1,640 2,440 5,600 3,650 3,700 4,540 4,840 3,160 2,260 1,280 1,240 1,130 840 987 847 3,970 4,840 3,640 1,180 799 641 763 570 495 463 339 395 1,500 1,340 1,020 1,330 5,470 7,110 4,810 2,080 1,330 1,170 2,980 3,720 4,890 1,790 3,220 4,280 L2, 100 19, 200 7,460 3,480 2,020 2,740 6,0<0 5,750 3,960 2,700 3,420 8,120 11,100 8,120 3,960 2,940 2,460 2,250 2,460 3,630 3,410 7,760 6,050 5,430 4,760 2,910 2,390 2,680 3,950 2,930 2,250 1,840 1,630 1,980 1,650 1,650 3,470 1,870 1,500 1,480 1,870 1,800 1,500 1,330 1,330 1,030 2,300 4,600 3,130 2,980 2,070 1,680 1,500 1,330 1,130 963 1,020 1,030 889 755 756 749 661 755 1,870 1,490 1,640 1,2 1,280 978 923 1,280 2,030 1,470 1,280 1,470 1,270 909 987 1,650 1,270 1,840 5,110 2,670 1,580 1,290 1,460 2,250 1,640 1,290 1,440 1,075 849 847 993 6,670 4,530 889 863 612 451 658 545 389 467 357 369 253 345 335 352 311 326 344 305 380 403 355 390 1,710 2,700 1,620 1,190 903 1,510 3 570 2 030 1,370 2,450 1,590 5,820 2,620 1,980 1,8*0 2,460 1,580 1,320 717 643 342 344 338 i 322 403 385 343 334 334 298 218 215 238 251 198 212 181 161 121 1,120 1,050 930 785 345 360 ' 315 256 444 349 284 254 280 194 117 250 258 206 180 240 244 224 227 212 171 164 144 162 112 150 120 147 153 110 93 81 60 199 164 142 110 92 107 73 124 219 14.6 147 438 364 230 238 252 191 165 118 125 134 86 118 100 122 120 142 67 56 61 113 240 114 145 171 148 142 327 270 242 128 100 69 121 230 261 220 228 198 176 185 232 294 410 277 126 142 151 183 188 142 118 122 110 101 431 561 313 200 137 148 107 143 425 462 257 165 245 417 317 340 498 360 266 260 178 286 273 101 244 286 393 492 582 215 303 565 700 462 348 331 174 28 104 316 184 100 127 108 42 124 78 98 55 165 124 157 118 2 145 3 291 4 570 5 424 6 276 7 247 8 200 9 154 10 188 11 146 12 122 13 113 14 116 51 351 17..: 650 374 19 274 278 292 22 280 23 266 24 276 282 205 27 202 149 29 148 '240 31 1912-13. 1 58 2 96 96 4... 97 123 154 7 58 135 9 117 160 11 159 12 110 150 14 100 114 17 70 82 58 19 57 149 21 22 892 1,600 24 733 25 188 26 302 27 123 28 74 29 181 30 139 SI DEERFIELD RIVER BASIN. Ill Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Deer field River at Shelburne Falls, Mass., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1907-1915— Continued. Oct. 158 373 278 480 152 210 185 63 55 253 172 203 258 250 252 251 148 184 17 655 1,400 832 495 520 1,560 4,580 2,930 1,730 1,050 598 609 82 125 206 29 81 62 5 45 49 70 4 80 25 56 75 194 223 288 209 361 294 135 75 53 Mi 91 20 Nov Dec. 350 418 394 442 471 374 381 6,030 5,480 2,170 1,280 1,280 1, 280 727 824 873 568 579 1,270 1,280 874 696 715 670 567 409 481 536 432 28 78 146 37 110 44 4., 1 67 85 22 78 195 274 64 21 716 1,200 464 307 379 174 247 320 110 127 100 55.-, 560 557 475 537 311 473 1.040 1,040 740 1,200 1,770 1,380 1,040 1,040 740 880 605 605 740 740 740 669 342 334 550 672 377 349 496 429 150 387 323 346 205 41 'J 3 7 4X4 428 268 165 138 111 149 219 200 188 102 74 92 7 101 59 180 123 128 135 58 90 40 91 I3S 274 234 Jan. 393 303 249 316 471 361 279 387 295 356 252 229 134 173 125 145 345 161 283 236 240 215 245 495 2,710 1,200 1,080 702 95 116 11 211 159 108 762 1,340 1,120 465 605 511 530 500 389 355 240 1,410 6, 630 4,810 2, 660 999 631 1,0?0 1,310 960 809 671 556 400 201 Feb. 885 668 593 554 588 65/ 493 a 466 440 342 393 371 305 324 332 476 3)4 339 327 298 265 322 278 255 248 283 431 482 860 730 794 537 1,150 1,420 916 645 473 632 722 571 638 3,850 2,600 1,620 1,040 846 78.3 700 777 1,570 8,0.0 8,500 4,260 3,170 Mar. 412 6,020 4,320 3,120 1,980 1,150 1,260 683 874 703 674 547 552 569 592 538 859 1,250 995 892 688 680 721 682 618 1,140 6,160 15, 100 8, 600 5,330 4,230 1,110 952 1,000 764 867 1,090 948 815 799 716 709 667 525 5 5 579 585 540 508 462 571 483 541 680 83 1,240 855 603 929 584 480 Apr. May. June. 2,850 4,440 157 11,000 3, 660 223 5,980 2,920 327 3,690 2,900 422 2,940 3,790 567 2,210 4,020 916 2,090 2,980 306 3,940 2,300 305 11, 200 1,980 236 5,630 1,800 237 4,620 1,400 230 6,600 1,430 215 5,950 4,210 173 4,240 2, 930 81 4,990 2,160 352 4,360 1,670 549 3,670 1,510 595 3,750 1,100 360 10,900 842 224 14, 500 713 98 12,000 616 22 6,670 742 590 4, 4 JO 592 584 4,020 441 530 3,950 450 557 4,700 206 329 6,340 393 176 5,960 455 61 5, 38 J 341 315 7,010 190 232 265 611 1,470 276 637 1,500 287 • 640 1,120 207 479 1,030 339 743 1,060 162 751 657 171 1,010 759 300 1,530 609 284 2,780 489 295 3,420 574 389 10,800 502 392 12, 400 3. '2 312 5,400 336 l'!2 3,460 349 255 2,640 506 564 2,890 196 312 2,930 450 343 2,320 470 345 2,4'0 572 254 1,820 447 34 1,910 314 177 1,200 5x1 317 1,140 279 160 1,150 383 159 511 363 140 79') 428 216 616 367 133 579 27S 214 51 x 455 511 765 98 57 238 July. 323 248 118 147 213 871 1,010 702 640 592 527 389 437 167 346 457 350 308 523 570 757 734 664 276 223 638 706 809 88J 652 1,030 1,870 2,570 1,580 1,260 1,360 868 7,800 20, 200 4,950 1,360 914 800 621 626 360 272 601 344 661 545 980 849 598 300 481 1,8 1,610 834 831 549 Aug. 307 239 645 808 618 632 638 283 339 746 665 915 949 406 375 795 764 770 691 Sept. 530 299 145 109 48L 211 244 334 494 490 337 375 208 306 305 283 191 182 82 o70 1,060 59 1,010 40 263 04O 450 a 40 607 41 568 25 659 a 55 418 85 425 64 a 619 53 813 382 762 1,760 600 1,270 535 13, 600 583 9,240 248 3,350 244 2,780 621 1,880 599 I,4i0 656 1,150 549 962 524 6.12 68 704 310 689 1,950 380 1,060 642 649 700 532 445 454 441 219 432 424 412 1,600 1,550 1,940 3,800 914 1,740 594 1,640 549 1,300 219 899 935 571 866 422 CIS 994 542 1,050 Interpolated. 112 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Deerjield River at Shelburne Falls, Mass., for the years ending Sept. ■■ . 30, 1907-1915. [Drainage area, 501 square miles.] Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. 1907. 834 1,370 216 4,100 189 162 33 63 274 468 122 567 0.547 .934 .244 1.13 0.61 July 22-31 .35 .28 1.26 1907-8. October 10, 100 16,300 2,370 1,380 7,020 10, 600 6,590 8,910 3,630 3,160 1,110 143 237 341 192 184 215 646 1,230 848 153 79 92 40 1,230 1,800 947 731 965 2,210 2,550 2,700 620 370 274 95.6 2.46 3.59 1.89 .1.46 1.93 4.41 5.09 5.39 1.24 .739 .547 .191 2.84 4.00 2.18 1.68 2.08 5.08 5.68 6.21 1.38 July .85 .63 September 1-22 .16 1908-9. October 22-31 471 373 757 6,400 4,830 2,980 21, 300 3,850 3,830 270 1,580 3,780 50 121 89 150 150 535 771 551 194 85 57 47 232 207 236 730 1,230 904 5,060 1,350 689 152 249 313 .463 .413 .471 1.46 2.46 1.80 10.1 2.69 1.38 .303. .497 .625 .17 .46 .54 1.68 February 2.56 2.08 11.27 3.10 1.54 July - .35 .57 .70 1909-10. 698 526 474 16,900 9,830 11,200 4,880 1,710 3,570 397 260 710 145 171 87 151 204 869 653 512 247 81 39 14 314 284 242 1,500 970 3,630 1,850 851 1,120 163 110 163 .627 .567 .483 2.99 1.94 7.25 3.69 1.70 2.24 .33 ..22 .33 .72 .63 .56 3.45 2.02 8.35 4.12 1.96 2.50 July .38 .25 .37 16,900 14 933 1.86 25.31 1910-11. 252 957 594 5,450 768 6,200 8,700 5,920 3,480 315 1,730 2,530 62 125 33 177 201 183 959 229 257 43 185 132 307 169 997 301 947 3,230 986 774 148 234 668 .26 .61 .34 1.99 .601 1.89 6.45 1.97 1.55 .295 .467 1.33 .30 .68 .39 2.29 .63 2.18 7.20 2.27 1.73 July .34 .54 September 1.48 The year 8,700 741 1.48 20.03 DEERFIELD RIVER BASIN. 113 Monthly discharge of Deer field River at Shelburne Falls, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1907-1915— Continued. Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. 1911-12. 11, 100 3,120 4,280 669 379 5,600 11,100 6,670 5,820 438 561 650 534 622 502 185 218 258 1,630 847 121 60 101 51 2,130 1,180 1,100 366 309 1,840 4,010 1,780 940 156 245 248 4.25 2.36 2.20 .73 .62 3.68 8.00 3.55 1.88 .31 .49 .50 4.90 2.63 2.54 .84 .67 4.24 8.93 4.09 2.10 July .36 .56 .55 11,100 51 1,190 2.38 32.41 1912-13. 13, 900 4,320 5,250 5,730 2,710 19, 200 4,600 3,570 1,120 410 700 1,600 142 - 470 365 923 329 339 661 253 112 56 28 1,450 1,650 1,430 2,430 876 3,240 1,630 849 334 181 244 212 2.89 3.30 2.84 4.86 1.75 6.48 3.25 1.70 .67 .36 .49 .42 3.33 ' 3.68 3.27 5.60 1.82 7.47 3.63 May 1.96 .75 July .42 .56 September .47 The year 19,200 1,210 2.42 32.96 1913-14. 4,580 6,030 1,770 2,710 885 15, 100 14,500 4,440 916 1,010 1,060 530 17 350 150 125 248 412 2,090 190 22 118 239 25 674 1,070 ■679 486 416 2,320 5,850 1,720 333 499 608 . 206 1.35 2.14 1.35 .972 .832 4.64 11.7 3.44 .666 .998 1.22 .412 1.56 November 2.39 1.56 January 1.12 .87 March 5.35 13.05 May 3.97 .74 July 1.15 1.41 September .46 The year 15, 100 17 1,240 2.48 33.63 1914-15. 361 1,200 484 6,630 8,500 1,240 12, 400 1,500 564 20, 200 13, 600 1,950 21 7 11 473 462 479 57 34 272 380 68 108 253 173 987 1,750 732 2,300 552 266 1,920 1,850 679 .216 .506 .346 1.97 3.30 1.46 4.60 1.10 .532 3.84 3.70 1.36 .25 November .56 December .40 January 2.27 February 3.44 March 1.68 April 5.13 Ma v 1.27 .59 Julv 4.43 4.27 September 1.52 The year 20, 200 959 1.92 25.81 40966°— wsp 415—16 8 114 SUKFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Days of deficiency in discharge of Deer field River at Shelburne Falls, Mass., during the years ending Sept. SO, 1908-1915. Discharge in second- feet. Theoretical Days of deficiency in discharge. horsepower per foot of fall. a 1907-8 b 1908-9 1909-10 1910-11 1911-12 1912-13 1913-14 1914-15 25 2.8 5.7 11.4 2 3 27 1 4 25 1 3 20 2 7 19 g 50 i* 17 i" 24 19 100 7* 46 150 17.0 39 71 67 79 41 52 27 66 200 22.7 57 111 104 110 57 72 43 82 250 28.4 76 138 139 150 75 93 67 101 300 34.1 110 157 171 184 119 113 88 115 400 45.5 132 176 196 226 162 150 143 144 500 56.8 156 197 209 251 176 168 175 171 600 68.2 174 224 223 265 190 175 205 212 700 79.5 185 242 239 280 202 187 235 241 800 90.9 200 254 255 290 215 197 256 261 900 102 213 263 266 295 222 205 272 275 1,000 114 227 267 278 307 240 213 276 287 1,200 136 244 275 302 312 254 240 289 304 1,400 159 262 288 308 317 276 262 299 314 1,600 182 276 292 317 320 289 285 304 323 2,000 227 299 303 323 327 303 303 310 336 2,500 284 314 315 331 337 320 318 315 338 3,000 341 326 321 341 343 330 330 323 346 3,500 398 334 325 345 346 334 340 323 348 4,000 455 339 329 347 349 343 346 331 352 5,000 568 343 333 355 357 352 356 344 355 6,000 682 346 335 357 362 357 359 351 356 7,000 795 350 337 359 364 361 360 357 357 8,000 909 354 338 360 364 362 362 358 358 9,000 1,020 355 340 361 365 364 362 359 360 10, 000 1,140 355 342 363 364 362 359 361 15,000 1,700 357 342 364 366 364 364 364 20,000 2,270 358 343 365 365 365 364 25,000 2,840 344 365 ......... a Period Oct. 1 to Sept. 22. b Period Oct. 22 to Sept. 30. Note.— The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the nu nber of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the anounts given in the colu- 1 ms for discharge and horsepower. In using this table allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, which may be as large as 5 per cent. DEERFIELD RIVER NEAR DEERFIELD, MASS. Location. — At suspension highway bridge, one-fourth mile south of West Deerfield railroad station and about 2 miles from Deerfield. Drainage area. — 550 square miles. Records available. — March 29, 1904, to December 15, 1905; also a discharge meas- urement made September 21, 1906. Gage. — Chain attached to bridge. Discharge measurements. — Made from bridge or by wading. Channel and control. — Bed composed of rock, gravel, and sand; one channel at all stages; control practically permanent. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum stage recorded: 7.2 feet at 1.15 p. m., January 7, 1905; approximate discharge, 17,300 second-feet. Minimum stage recorded: 1.58 feet September 21, 1906; discharge, 85 second-feet. Winter plow. — Discharge relation affected by ice. Regulation. — Flow regulated by operation of several power plants above station. Accuracy. — On account of the unknown range of diurnal fluctuation the estimates of discharge, which are based on two gage readings a day, can be considered only approximate. DEERFIELD RIVER BASIN. 115 Discharge measurements of Deer field River near Deer field, Mass., during 1904-1906. Date. Made by — Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1904. Mar. 30 N. C. Grover : Feet. 3.61 4.68 4.58 3.75 2.81 2.70 2.60 2.45 3.21 2.90 "2.60 Sec.-ft. 2,390 5,810 5,010 3,420 590 850 513 275 1,260 981 " 531 1905. Apr. 4 Aug. 16 16 16 17 17 17 31 1906. Sept. 21 T. W. Norcross do Feet. 3.97 3.29 3.56 3.69 3.68 3.51 3.42 3.12 1.58 Sec.-ft. 3,710 1,680 Apr. 11 25 May 18 June 1 20 July 28 Aug. 17 Sept. 17 S. K. Clapp do do do do do do T. W. Norcross do... do... do... do... do... do... 2,290 2,520 2,380 2,000 1,840 1,310 Oct. 27 Nov. 30 do do F. E. Pre 85 a Discharge relation affected by ice. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Deerfield River near Deerfield, for 1904-5. Day. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. 1904. 2,930 2,430 2,430 3,470 7,020 3,760 2,550 2,550 3,330 3,900 4,200 8,460 7,420 5,520 3,900 3,060 2,200 1,860 2,080 1,550 1,860 2,550 1, 650 1,550 1,550 2,080 2,430 4,510 4,510 4, 830 10, 300 10, 700 6,250 5,170 4,510 3,330 3,060 2,680 2,080 1,970 1,750 1,260 1,860 2,080 1,650 1,450 1,360 1,080 3,060 3,330 3,060 5,340 4,830 2, 550 2,080 1,650 1,450 1,360 1,450 1,450 1,080 910 620 835 760 620 690 835 910 760 1,170 2,080 11,200 3,470 2,080 1,170 910 910 760 760 620 620 620 555 490 430 430 490 490 760 430 370 250 490 620 910 555 555 490 430 430 490 430 370 370 370 370 370 325 325 325 430 370 430 280 280 280 280 325 430 490 490 370 280 280 280 325 370 250 220 280 370 760 490 430 370 490 370 280 370 370 555 3,200 1,080 555 430 370 370 325 280 280 220 220 220 180 280 280 280 220 220 2c0 370 490 325 250 220 9,120 2,430 1,260 995 835 555 370 325 325 430 490 490 490 490 760 4,200 1,760 995 690 620 490 490 430 370 370 325 760 760 690 835 760 620 555 490 430 370 3,900 5,880 2,430 1,080 760 760 760 620 620 490 370 490 555 370 370 370 280 370 280 220 220 220 220 220 2 325 280 220 220 280 325 490 760 620 490 370 280 220 250 280 220 116 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Beer field River near Deerfield, Mass., for 1904-5- Continued. Day. 1905. Jan. 17,300 4,830 2,680 1,760 1,760 3,470 3,200 Mar. 14, 000 8,460 10, 500 12, 700 Apr. 9,340 4,360 3,470 3,200 3,900 8,250 4,510 2,800 2,200 2,800 7,830 7,830 4,830 3,760 3,200 2,430 1,860 1,650 1,360 1,260 2,080 3,900 .3,200 1,760 1,450 1,550 1,860 1,650 1,650 1,450 May. 1,260 1,080 760 760 995 952 . 910 835 760 690 690 370 620 620 620 1,170 1,450 1,260 1,080 555 620 620 490 490 370 370 325 370 370 370 .370 June. 325 370 280 370 370 370 370 620 490 490 430 370 370 370 325 280 220 430 910 1,200 760 690 ,260 835 620 620 July. 490 430 370 370 490 555 555 370 325 325 325 325 280 250 220 220 180 280 280 280 250 220 180 220 250 250 250 Aug. 1,170 690 430 370 280 250 370 280 1,170 910 690 370 2,080 2,310 910 555 220 180 325 370 280 280 325 325 280 250 370 1,360 Sept. 995 760 8,680 6,820 4,830 2,430 1,760 1,450 1,260 1,080 620 3,610 2,080 1,450 1,080 910 1,080 3,060 5,700 3,060 2,550 1,860 1,360 995 760 760 690 620 555 490 Oct. 370 370 370 430 370 370 430 430 370 370 1,550 1,170 910 835 555 370 430 555 1,170 1,860 910 835 760 620 430 370 325 325 Nov. 325 370 370 490 370 835 1,360 1,080 910 620 490 430 430 370 370 555 620 555 370 325 370 325 370 325 280 1,170 5,520 Dec. 1,970 1,550 12,000 5,170 2,430 1,450 1,260 1,080 910 1,080 1,170 1,080 910 835 •760 Note. — Discharge determined from a rating curve fairly well denned between 370 and 7,000 second-feet. Monthly discharge of Deerfield River near Deerfield, Mass., for 1904-5. [Drainage area, 550 square miles.] Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 1,550 4,050 620 2,270 250 1,200 280 411 220 476 180 915 325 983 220 336 1,760 5,000 8,460 10,900 1,260 3,380 325 716 220 682 180 421 180 588 490 2,110 325 630 280 696 760 •2,240 Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). 1904. April May June July August September October November 1905 January 7-13 March 27-31 April May June July August September October November December 1-15 10, 700 5,340 11,200 910 3,200 9,120 5,880 760 17,300 14,000 9,340 1,450 4,200 2,080 2,310 8,680 1,860 5,520 12, 000 7.36 4.13 2.18 .747 .865 9.09 19.80 6.15 1.30 1.24 .765 1.07 3.84 1.15 1.27 4.07 8.21 4.76 2.43 .86 1.00 1.85 2.06 2.37 3.68 fe.86 1.50 1.38 .88 1.23 4.28 1.33 3.42 2.27 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. 117 CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. GENERAL FEATURES. Chicopee River., the largest tributary of the Connecticut with respect to drainage area, is formed near Three Rivers, Mass., by the confluence of Ware and Quaboag rivers, the third river, from which the town derives its name, being the Swift, which is tributary to Ware River, about a mile above the mouth of the Quaboag. Ware River, which drains the larger area and is therefore consid- ered the continuation of the main stream, is formed at Barre Falls by the union of two branches. The eastern or main branch rises in the town of Westminster, in Worcester County, about a mile east of the head of the western branch, flows southwesterly 10 miles to New Boston, where it turns abruptly and flows northwestward to Barre Falls. The course of the western branch is also southwesterly to the point of junction. From Barre Falls the general course of the Ware is southwestward to Three Rivers, where it receives the Qua- boag. Below the mouth of the Quaboag the Chicopee flows south of west to the city of Chicopee, where it enters the Connecticut. The distance from the mouth of the Chicopee to the head of the eastern branch of Ware River is 60 miles, and the drainage area comprises 721 square miles, divided as follows: Square miles. Ware River at Three Rivers, exclusive of Swift River 221 Swift River at mouth 213 Quaboag River at mouth 210 Chicopee River below Three Rivers 77 Swift River has three main branches, but the river is formed by its east and middle branches, and the middle branch is consid- ered the continuation of the stream. This branch rises in North Pond, in the town of Orange, and flows southward. The east branch joins it 2 miles above Enfield, and the west branch comes in 1J miles below that village. The distance from North Pond to the junction of the Swift and the Ware is about 30 miles. The gag- ing station at West Ware is 8 miles above the mouth of the river, and the drainage area at that point comprises 186 square miles. Quaboag River, the most southerly of the three principal tribu- taries of the Chicopee, flows from Quaboag Pond in the town of Brook- field. The principal feeder of Quaboag Pond is East Brookiield River, whose headwaters are in the town of Rutland. 1 The general course of the Quaboag is southwesterly, and the distance from Qua- boag Pond to Three Rivers is 23 miles. The gaging station at West Brimfield is 9 miles above the mouth, and the drainage area at that point is 150 square miles. At West Warren, 12 miles above the mouth, the drainage area is 144 square miles. 1 See gazetteer, p. 332. 118 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. The country drained by the Chicopee is hilly, and the slope of the river averages 15 feet or more to the mile. Many lakes and ponds drain to the stream through its numerous tributaries, and the sum- mer flow is well sustained. The Chicopee is one of the most completely controlled streams in Massachusetts, as the natural pond area is large and is supplemented by artificial ponds formed at the numerous power plants. (See PI. IX, B.) These ponds and reservoirs materially retard floods and equalize the flow throughout the year. WARE RIVER NEAR WARE, MASS. Location. — At the steel highway bridge about 2 miles above the village of Ware. Drainage area. — 162 square miles. Records available.— Discharge measurements September 15, 1904, to March 8, 1911. Gage. — Chain attached to the bridge. Discharge measurements. — Made from the bridge or by wading. Channel and control. — Channel is subject to growth of grass and weeds during the summer, and on account of this the control is not permanent. At high stages the control is at the dam of the Otis Co., 1\ miles below station. Winter plow. — Stream seldom freezes at the gage, but the discharge relation is affected by backwater from ice farther downstream. Regulation.— Flow regulated by the operation of mills above the station, the nearest one being at Gilbertville, a little over a mile distant. Accuracy. — On account of the large diurnal fluctuation and the shifting control below the station, the gage-height record obtained at this station is not considered a true index to the discharge. This record and estimates of discharge are withheld from publication here, and figures for this station published in previous reports should be used with caution. Discharge measurements of Ware River near Ware, Mass., during 1904-1911. Date. 1904. Sept. 15 20 Oct. 5 19 29 Nov. 14 1905. Mar. 28 28 Apr. 1 7 13 29 May 17 July 29 Aug. 11 11 Sept. 7 26 1906. Mar. 21 Apr. 7 Oct. 18 Made by— H. K. Barrows.... T. W. Norcross do do do do T. W. Norcross. do do do .....do do do do do do do do T. W. Norcross. do F. E. Pressey. Gage height. Feet. 4.44 2.59 2.63 2.70 2.80 2.46 6.92 6.96 5.75 5.06 4.00 2.74 2.89 2.46 2.37 1.94 5.20 2.77 a 3. 40 4.17 3.05 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 863 169 166 205 193 133 2,550 2,600 1,690 1,240 758 214 272 136 122 43 1,100 225 301 741 237 Date. 1907. Apr. 26 May 18 Sept. 24 1908. Mar. 2 Apr. 25 Sept. 26 1909. Jan. 2 July 14 Aug. 5 24 Oct. 9 Dec. 20 1910. Mar. 2 2 1911. Mar. 8 Made by- Wood and Mention. D.M.Wood ....do D.M.Wood do Wood and French. D.M.Wood. ....do ....do. ....do ....do F. F. Henshaw T. W. Norcross. ....do F.J. Shuttleworth. C. S.DeGolyer.... Gage height. Feet. 3.43 3.35 5.55 3.38 3.14 2.56 c2.83 2.47 2.50 2.51 2.60 c3.03 6.76 2.56 2.60 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 489 408 &1.150 243 310 96. 160 115 111 123 130 67.1 2,240 2,230 140 163 a Discharge relation may have been affected by ice. b Results uncertain; floating grass interfered with meter. c Discharge relation affected by ice. U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 415 PLATE VIII A. WARE RIVER AT GIBBS CROSSING, MASS., FEBRUARY 27, 1914. Looking upstream. B. DAM ON SWIFT RIVER AT WEST WARE, MASS., OCTOBER 14, 1910. U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 415 PLATE IX A. QUABOAG RIVER AT WEST BRIMFIELD, MASS., FEBRUARY 28, 1914. --, v B. DAM ON CHICOPEE RIVER AT RED BRIDGE, MASS., AUGUST 30, 1914. CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. 119 WARE RIVER AT GIBBS CROSSING, MASS. Location. — -Just above 'the highway bridge at the point known as Gibbs Crossing (PL VIII, A), about 3 miles below Ware. Drainage area.— 201 square miles. Records available.— August 20, 1912, to September 30, 1915. Gages. —Barrett and Lawrence water-stage recorder on the right bank referred to gage datum by a hook gage inside of well; inclined staff gage used for auxiliary readings. Discharge measurements. — Made from the highway bridge or an electric railway bridge or by wading. Channel and control.— Channel rough and subject to a growth of aquatic plants during summer months. Control free from weeds and practically permanent. Extremes of discharge. — -Maximum open-water stage recorded: 5.9 feet, March 2, 1914; discharge, 2,770 second-feet. Minimum stage recorded: 1.20 feet, October 26, 1914; discharge, 5 second-feet. Winter flow. — Discharge relation affected by ice. Regulation.— Flow regulated by operation of mills above station. Accuracy. — -Records excellent. Discharge measurements of Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, Mass., during 1912-1915. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1912. Aug. 31 31 Oct. 30 G. H. Canfield Feet. 1.47 1.82 2.16 2.52 2.49 3.24 3.00 a 3. 15 3.07 5.51 5.48 4.31 2.19 1.49 1.49 1.49 a 2. 32 a 3. 93 Sec.-ft. 23.0 58.1 133 242 238 645 485 409 507 2,600 2,430 1,670 136 15.3 24.9 22.3 160 169 1914. Jan. 15 24 25 Feb. 11 27 28 Apr. 1 2 8 Aug. 18 18 Dec. 4 20 1915. Jan. 4 5 6 21 Feb. 5 Mar. 1 R . S . Barnes Feet. a 3. 63 a 3. 48 a 3. 70 a 2. 92 a 3. 98 a 2. 88 3.62 3.93 3.57 1.42 1.42 1.62 a 1.80 a 3. 85 ol.80 a 3. 50 3.68 2.54 3.38 Sec.-ft. 135 do J. G. Mathers do do do do C. H. Pierce 329 748 Nov. 13 Dec. 17 C. S. DeGolyer do R. S. Barnes 370 237 99.0 1913. do do R. S. Barnes 1,030 1,390 959 9 C. S. DeGolyer De Golyer and Barnes . De Golyer and Mathers. O.W. Hartwell do do C.H. Pierce Feb. 11 C. H. Pierce 22.0 Mar. 12 28 do R. S. Barnes 19.7 37.3 28 29 Aug. 11 do R. S. Barnes do do do do do 40.0 12 Sept. 7 7 1914. Jan. 3 do do do R. S. Barnes 174 42.5 147 1,120 233 774 15 do a Discharge relation affected by ice. 120 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915. Day. Aug. Sept, Oct. Nov, Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July, Aug. Sept. 1912-13. 78 79 64 26 139 96 56 36 36 19 45 62 109 74 '20 71 61 76 49 22 87 56 43 54 134 185 133 185 81 102 113 147 133 134 145 145 150 105 80 54 19 106 134 148 58 156 23 97 175 195 180 187 194 182 155 149 133 76 121 121 99 125 154 152 145 160 136 52 172 162 167 176 302 817 439 406 468 373 346 292 381 471 345 300 333 489 388 326 303 338 429 407 408 375 370 326 363 358 283 328 275 273 262 238 300 270 295 280 210 225 195 169 150 244 240 176 172 116 105 95 112 172 112 90 142 278 285 210 188 170 310 672 571 460 358 303 207 218 214 360 449 518 489 568 1,260 1,300 1,050 785 642 615 744 752 613 619 653 954 1,700 2,370 1,930 1,540 1,330 1,340 1,160 935 768 730 693 629 553 503 412 1,400 1,520 1,500 1,400 1,400 1,200 900 620 605 575 461 412 372 320 386 422 380 337 292 238 292 300 289 226 236 162 160 219 248 187 189 186 136 133 209 239 164 171 204 636 705 404 365 551 613 468 325 326 278 226 215 188 147 129 214 200 194 119 93 90 40 166 133 128 112 115 106 34 152 144 130 103 96 76 25 106 112 63 19 68 79 56 56 51 51 23 103 76 49 48 44 17 31 42 46 42 68 128 130 112 125 136 112 72 29 114 109 118 121 128 110 74 23 59 41 Day. Get. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1913-14. 1 70 74 62 59 15 84 76 76 73 46 42 36 97 90 86 123 113 50 43 145 171 156 85 88 168 749 676 571 430 328 267 182 178 173 213 178 160 153 84 134 310 348 283 249 224 180 186 200 216 221 194 211 140 135 197 234 200 88 181 110 190 163 163 . 163 163 163 163 174 539 537 ?50 325 283 242 202 267 264 209 , 176 186 134 131 177 236 192 261 383 315 226 262 299 217 140 128 116 116 153 128 161 105 105 76 76 95 76 85 85 85 85 76 95 53 85 85 76 85 727 593 393 256 368 448 626 764 692 532 448 , 420 368 320 256 256 256 218 153 140 168 200 276 236 153 183 183 105 236 320 256 116 95 76 168 1,700 2,610 2,130 1,820 1,530 1,320 1,040 837 720 607 525 438 418 368 337 505 647 698 596 513 414 358 369 353 382 524 898 1,480 1,740 1,360 1,080 986 1,220 1,350 1,120 929 837 766 862 1,360 1,430 1,160 986 877 768 692 766 836 797 745 764 896 863 763 671 595 636 1,040 970 914 884 818 668 566 565 671 1,030 1,000 838 758 684 653 641 925 1,010 856 710 610 614 499 397 353 356 293 224 288 274 236 260 249 156 128 174 188 149 144 129 161 100 158 176 122 122 90 76- 53 113 118 110 114 85 77 42 107 115 115 121 94 56 44 129 118 115 121 93 55 43 122 197 147 149 127 166 160 176 127 124 91 68 34 23 63 82 122 99 101 42 28 106 91 90 101 46 26 16 40 55 58 59 59 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 68 37 70 64 69 54 106 136 109 120 126 119 76 27 28 51 112 92 2 85 3 36 4 37 5 53 6 28 7 38 8 74 9 66 10 72 11 40 12 18 13 15 14 52 15 58 16 : 62 17 19 18 17 19 10 20 14 21 60 22 53 23 56 24 18 25 20 26 28 27 8.1 28 56 29 33 30 37 31 CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. 121 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1914-15. 1 13 17 8.7 6.0 26 27 50 12 20 18 8.8 9.6 35 34 32 36 22 57 82 66 36 32 14 11 7.3 34 42 75 71 17 11 7.8 30 35 38 51 20 17 17 61 46 31 28 14 9.8 6.6 45 56 47 43 24 20 15 42 62 69 13 15 30 52 85 69 70 72 26 29 26 72 68 66 73 47 24 24 57 95 89 68 60 47 53 76 101 79 60 35 20 25 51 85 40 174 60 46 25 46 60 76 244 284 99 57 46 60 248 276 174 125 120 1,280 2,370 1,640 870 515 378 1,000 790 585 393 320 268 2,00 153 236 218 159 168 123 200 420 438 329 248 168 140 174 142 393 1,240 956 660 529 420 343 368 343 420 1,660 2,230 1,180 788 669 511 424 343 308 282 241 281 284 236 237 230 157 134 209 238 169 169 163 99 96 176 ' 192 153 145 138 89 118 194 195 136 138 131 72 108 149 188 232 235 252 273 263 537 598 466 379 324 290 212 232 269 253 189 204 153 132 195 204 182 173 159 195 198 239 236 200 217 176 191 219 226 222 192 165 155 110 109 207 121 120 115 102 82 133 191 192 131 127 121 29 50 53 141 148 118 88 24 17 56 59 76 90 89 21 11 58 63 72 68 62 21 16 67 70 68 70 73 61 • 20 66 80 77 108 137 304 338 229 238 222 179 555 714 443 398 358 273 260 209 118 112 149 240 201 228 242 175 116 140 163 144 171 243 148 187 264 359 523 1,350 1,370 1,340 975 750 571 480 378 377 386 305 342 314 267 217 210 148 129 212 208 248 182 177 114 139 207 182 159 2 150 3 150 4 60 5 50 6 140 7 136 8 130 9 119 10 105 11 25 12 21 13. 78 14 78 15 79 16 80 17 81 18 24 19 19 20 81 21 114 190 23 182 24 132 25 75 26 29 105 28 98 29 100 30 92 31 Note.— Discharge determined from a well-defined rating curve by averaging the discharge for short periods throughout the day. The length of periods varies from 1 to 6 hours. Discharge relation affected by ice Feb. 5-26, 1913; Jan. 1 to Feb. 28, 1914; Dec. 16, 1914, to Jan. 18, 1915, and Feb. 1-5, 1915; estimates based on gage-height record, discharge measurements, and climatic data. 122 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1912-1915. [Drainage area, 201 square miles.} Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Accu- racy. 1912. August 20-31 139 80 26 15 69 42 0.343 .209 0.15 .23 A. September A. 1912-13. October 109 185 817 690 310 2,370 1,520 705 326 138 130 136 15 19 23 238 90 207 320 133 25 15 17 17 48 104 168 367 193 792 780 307 147 66.4 60.3 74.9 .239 .517 .836 1.83 .960 3.94 3.88 1.53 .731 .330 .300 .373 .28 .58 .96 2.11 1.00 4.54 4.33 1.76 .82 .38 .35 .42 A. November A. December A. January A. February C. March B April B. May i A. June A. July A. August A. September A. The year 2,370 15 259 1.29 17.53 1913-14. October 749 348 539 727 764 2,610 1,430 1,030 188 197 126 92 15 84 131 53 76 337 595 128 42 23 16 8.1 166 192 244 185 271 913 916 559 113 100 67.9 41.8 .826 .955 1.21 .920 1.35 4.54 4.56 2.78 .562 .498 .338 .208 .95 1.07 1.40 1.06 1.41 5.23 5.09 3.20 .63 .57 .39 .23 A. November A. December B. January C. C. March A. A. A. June A. July A. A ugust B. A. 2,610 8.1 315 1.57 21.23 1914-15. 82 85 174 2,370 2,230 669 598 239 148 714 1,370 190 6.0 6.6 20 25 123 89 72 29 11 108 114 19 30.0 34.3 60.7 413 525 226 240 156 , 65.0 244 416 96.1 . 1*49 .171 .302 2.05 2.61 1.12 1.19 .776 .323 1.21 2.07 .478 .17 .19 .35 2.36 2.72 1.29 1.33 .89 .36 1.40 2.39 .53 A. November A. C. January C. B. March A. April A. May i A. A. July A. A. September A. 2,370 6.0 207 1.03 13.98 CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN 123 Days of deficiency in discharge of Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, Mass. ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915. during the years Theo- Days of deficiency in Discharge in second- retical horse- discharge. feet. power per foot fall. 1912-13 1913-14 1914-15 20 2.7 9 10 26 40 4.6 33 26 63 60 6.8 79 54 91 80 9.1 105 87 131 100 11.4 135 116 151 125 14.2 162 151 175 150 17.0 191 172 200 175 19.9 212 195 221 200 22.7 230 215 247 300 34.1 265 255 302 400 45.5 297 276 328 500 56.8 317 284 336 750 85.2 341 317 348 1,000 114 349 343 354 2,000 227 364 363 363 3.000 341 365 365 365 Note.— The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table, allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, which may be as large as 5 per cent. BTJRNSHIRT RIVER NEAR TEMPLETON, MASS. Location. — Just below Brown Pond dam, 3 miles south of the village of Templeton, and 3 miles above Williamsville. Drainage area. — 8.4 square miles. Records available.— May 26 to December 31, 1909. Gage. — Vertical staff just below junction of spillway and tailrace. Discharge measurements. — Made by wading. Channel and control. — Bed of stream composed of rocks and coarse gravel. Con- trol practically permanent. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum stage recorded: 1.4 feet, December 2, 1909; discharge 17.8 second-feet. Minimum stage recorded: 0.35 foot at various times during July, August, and September; discharge 0.85 second-foot. Winter flow. — Discharge relation affected by ice. Regulation. — Flow affected by storage in reservoir above station. Accuracy. — As the gage was read only once a day and the amount of regulation unknown, the record can be considered only approximate. Discharge measurements of Burnshirt River near Templeton, Mass., during 1909. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by — Gage height. Dis- charge. May 24 Nov. 15 F. F. Henshaw do do do , Feet. 1.16 .49 .75 86 Sec.-ft. 14 1.8 4.3 6.3 Dec. 1 16 17 18 F. F. Henshaw W. Henshaw Feet. o.40 a. 92 1.91 1.14 Sec.-ft. 1.0 6.9 27 30 F. F. Henshaw do 30 11.1 a Discharge relation probably affected by ice. 124 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge, in second-feet, of Burnshirt River near Templeton, Mass., for 1909. Day. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 8.7 11.9 14.2 4.5 15.4 14.2 13.0 11.9 11.9 10.8 9.8 8.7 7.8 7.8 7.2 7.8 7.8 6.0 5.2 4.5 6.0 5.2 5.2 4.5 3.8 3.8 2.9 3.2 3.2 2.7 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.8 1.1 .85 .85 .85 .85 .85 .85 2.7 2.7 2.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 3.8 2.7 1.8 1.4 1.1 .85 .85 .85 .85 1.1 2.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 .85 .85 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 .85 .85 .85 .85 1.0 .85 .85 1.0 .85 .85 .85 .85 0.85 .85 .85 .85 .85 .85 1.1 .85 .85 .85 .85 .85 .85 .85 .85 1.2 .85 .85 .85 .85 .85 1.7 .85 .85 .85 1.1 2.2 3.8 7.8 11.9 7.8 6.8 6.0 5.2 4.5 3.2 2.7 2.2 2.2 3.8 3.2 2.7 2.7 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.8 3.8 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 2.7 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.2 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.2 2.7 2.7 0.85 17.8 4.5 4.5 4.5 3.8 3.8 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 3.8 2.7 3.8 5.2 7.8 11.9 3.8 4.5 3.8 3.8 2.7 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.4 Note. — Discharge based on a rating curve-whichis well denned below discharge 30 second-feet, and represents the flow at time gage was read. No correction made for possible ice effect during December. Monthly discharge of Burnshirt River near Templeton, Mass., during 1909. [Drainage area, 8.4 square miles.] Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). May 26-31 . June July August — September October . . . November. December. 15.4 13.0 2.7 3.8 11.9 7.8 6.8 17.8 4.5 2.2 .85 .85 .85 1.8 1.4 .85 11.5 6.45 1.41 1.17 1.65 3.31 2.77 4.29 1.37 .768 .168 1.39 .196 .394' .330 .511 0.31 .86 .19 .16 .22 .45 .37 .59 Note. — Monthly records considered only approximate. SWIFT RIVER AT WEST WARE, MASS. Location.— Just below the timber dam (PI. VIII, B) opposite the West Ware station of the Boston & Albany Railroad, about 6 miles downstream from Enfield. Drainage. area. — 186 1 square miles. Records available. — July 15, 1910, to September 30, 1915. Remeasured since published in previous reports. CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. 125 Gages. — Chain gage attached to downstream side of footbridge about 400 feet below the dam used July 15, 1910, to August 25, 1912; Barrett & Lawrence water-stage recorder on left bank about 1,000 feet below dam, August 25, 1912, to September 30, 1915. Automatic gage is referred to gage datum by a hook gage inside the well, and an inclined staff is used for auxiliary readings. * Discharge measurements. — Made from cable about 50 feet above automatic gage or by wading. Channel and control.— Bed of gravel and alluvial deposits, some aquatic vegeta- tion during summer months. Control at ordinary stages is practically permanent; at high stages control is probably the dam at Bondsville. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum stage recorded: 9.1 feet, February 26, 1915; approximate discharge, determined from an extension of the rating curve, 2,240 second-feet. Minimum stage recorded: 1.36 feet, September 22, 1914; discharge, 22 second-feet. Winter flow. — Discharge relation not seriously affected by ice. Regulation. — Operation of mills at Enfield 6 miles above station affects distribution of flow at low and medium stages, but has only a slight effect when the mean daily discharge is over 200 second-feet. The diurnal fluctuation is somewhat equalized however, by the pondage above the dam at West Ware, which has not been used for power for several years. (See Water-Supply Paper 375, p. 132.) Accuracy. — Rating curves well defined and records of discharge as published con- sidered good. On account of the marked diurnal fluctuation, mean daily and monthly discharge could not be computed for period prior to installation of auto- matic water-stage recorder. (See fig. 2.) Discharge measurements of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., during 1910-1915. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1910. July 15 15 T. W. Norcross Feet. 2.82 2.70 3.17 3.21 a 3. 41 4.98 1.53 1.48 2.02 1.87 2.04 2.08 2.50 2.24 2.26 . 2.22 3.46 3.44 Sec.-ft. 102 70.4 145 131 138 676 31.5 30.9 85.2 70.3 125 121 172 151 145 133 420 394 1913. Feb. 12 Mar. 12 12 27 27 Aug. 11 1914. Jan. 3 15 24 Feb. 11 27 Aug. 17 17 Dec. 4 20 1915. Jan. 5 Feb. 5 Apr. 14 14 Sept. 30 C. S. De Golyer Feet. 2.58 3.66 3.66 5.53 5.62 1.47 2.40 a 2. 10 a 2. 10 a 2. 99 a 2. 57 1.76 1.80 1.80 1.83 a 1.90 a 2. 53 4.69 4.68 2.05 Sec.-ft. 191 H. B. Alvord 465 Sept. 9 1911. Mar. 9 W. G. Hoyt C. S. De Golver 465 C. S. DeGolyer G. H. Canfield O. W. Hartwell do C. H. Pierce 987 1,010 33.8 1912. Feb. 10 150 Apr. 24 Aug. 23 C. S. De Golyer G. IT. Canfield do do do C. H. Pierce 82.9 61.1 30 30 do do do J. G. Mathers 209 152 30 Oct. 31 do do R. S. Barnes 63.0 65.0 31 do C. S. De Golyer do do do C. S. DeGolyer do 66.0 Nov. 18 29 Dec. 18 18 do R. S. Barnes 59.6 59.0 1913. Jan. 8 8 do do do Hardin Thweatt. 145 791 788 106 a Discharge relation affected by ice. Note.— Gage height, October 31 to December 18, 1912, somewhat uncertain on account of defective hook gage. Gage heights since August 23, 1912, refer to the hook gage. 126 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge, in second-feet, of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., for 1910-1912. July. August. Day. A. M. P. M. A. M. P. M. Time. Dis- charge . Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. 1910 1 7.00 6.45 7.00 6.45 7.00 7.00 11.55 6.45 6.45 6.45 6.45 6.30 7.30 11.45 6.45 6.55 6.45 6.35 7.15 6.55 11.45 7.00 7.00 6.35 6.45 7.00 6.45 11.55 6.55 6.35 6.30 44 48 48 48 57. 57 105 108 82 69 78 69 57 57 78 59 50 50 61 57 44 57 50 59 50 48 46 42 42 42 41 8.15 7.25 6.15 6.15 7.00 7.30 105 2 , 116 3 92 4 95 5 122 6 82 7 8 5.45 . 6.45 6.00 5.45 7.30 7.15 142 9 137 10 131 11 122 12 131 13 112 14 15 6.35 5.15 95 82 6.00 5.45 6.25 5.30 6.45 6.00 131 16 6.55 11.15 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 44 48 35 48 44 41 131 17 134 18 6.15 7.30 7.30 5.40 1.15 6.30 6.30 7.10 86 95 82 80 42 90 71 61 122 19 * 147 20 , 102 22 6.40 7.00 6.45 5.45 6.30 5.20 126 122 24 105 6.55 7.00 6.55 11.45 42 44 41 44 102 26 90 57 28 6.15 7.00 7.10 122 30 116 31 105 September. October. 1 6.35 6.45 41 38 35 5.00 6.15 6.15 12.15 5.30 6.00 6.00 6.45 6.00 5.55 1.30 7.00 6.10 6.00 5.30 6.10 6.30 1.30 6.00 5.30 5.30 6.00 6.10 6.00 12.10 6.15 6.05 6.00 6.00 6.15 95 105 57 46 74 166 137 142 159 134 86 137 137 150 126 131 50 46 134 116 102 116 9!2 64 38 126 32 50 92 80 7.00 42 6.00 12.00 6.00 5.30 6.00 5.30 5.30 5.30 1.30 6.00 5.30 6.55 5.30 5.30 5.30 74 50 3 7.30 7.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.15 42 38 41 44 44 44 50 102 5 7.00 7.00 7.00 6.45 7.00 54 74 71 61 78 78 80 6 82 7 82 50 9 30 7.30 7.30 7\30 7.30 7.15 7.15 11.00 7.30 7.15 7.15 7.30 7.15 7.15 67 59 35 35 35 35 38* 36 36 35 36 36 35 116 108 12 7.00 6.45 6.50 7.00 7.00 92 59 57 54 50 46 ' 74 13 rios 14 102 15 64 16 17 5.50 5.45 5.45 5.30 5.30 5.30 1.-15 5.30 5.30 5.40 5.20 5.00 5.00 12.30 5.00 108 105 19 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 46 50 41 41 38 38 98 105 21 105 102 23 35 24 7.15 7.15 7.00 7.15 7.15 7.15 35 44 48 42 42 38 105 25 105 26 7.15 7.15 7.15 7.00 7.15 42 46 18 48 42 112 27 69 86 29 , 74 35 31 7.30 35 74 CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. 127 Discharge, in second-feet, of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., />» 1910-1912 — Contd. November. December. Day. A.M. P.M. A.M. P. M. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. 1910. 1 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 42 42 52 48 80 5.00 5.30 5.00 5.30 5.30 1.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 74 80 122 150 131 112 168 168 150 150 154 150 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.30 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 59 61 59 64 69 69 69 54 50 54 4.30 4.30 4.30 150 2 126 3 102 4 5 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 1.15 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 5.00 5.00 1.30 5.00 4.30 4.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 142 6 116 7 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.15 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 122 122 105 112 105 105 108 92 61 59 59 50 52 116 8 122 9 122 10 122 11 48 12 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 54 54 46 44 59 57 105 13 122 14 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.30 5.00 4.45 4.00 4.30 4.30' 4.30 112 105 150 116 126 92 92 131 116 108 52 69 67 92 15 95 16 92 17 74 18 44 19 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 11.30 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.30 50 46 46 59 59 71 150 154 208 208 187 198 172 126 20 98 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 67 59 86 52 67 59 52 59 59 59 108 22 102 23 102 24 303 25 26 4.45 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 172 27 212 28 4.00 4.30 4.30 137 134 150 198 29 187 30 187 31 187 January. February. 1911. 1 11.15 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.35 11.30 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 11.00 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 11.00 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 11.30 7.45 7 45 178 178 230 344 427 420 277 208 208 172 172 178 172 168 154 95 159 134 105 80 98 105 98 61 59 59 52 187 230 242 198 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 230 230 154 122 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 208 2 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 208 277 373 373 336 258 142 3 150 4 168 5 168 6 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 137 137 134 126 116 126 154 7 154 8 159 9 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 198 208 198 178 178 134 183 10 168 11 168 12 116 13 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 116 92 95 95 98 82 168 14 168 15 159 16 4.30 5.00 5.00 •5.00 5.00 5.00 159 168 172 159 122 95 168 168 17 18 137 19 105 20 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 7.45 11.45 7.30 7.30 95 92 159 86 80 102 105 122 208 168 21 142 126 22 23 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 142 122 142 122 134 219 134 24 80 25 102 86 27 4.30 4.30 325 198 2<* 29 30 5.00 5.00 230 230 31 i 128 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge, in second-feet, of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., for 1910-1912 — Contd. March. April. Day. A. M. P. M. A. M. P. M. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. 1911. 1 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.45 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 187 191 168 150 137 105 80 80 80 86 112 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.30 ' 187 191 168 168 7.30 11.45 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 1,040 682 509 420 344 358 628 915 6.00 877 2 3 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.15 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 1.15 5.00 6.00 6.00 5.30 6.00 6.00 1.30 5.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 445 358 4 5 336 528 6 4.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 • 1.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 6.00 5.00 6.00 116 168 150 154 116 164 134 191 187 628 733 587 388 7 777 868 8 9 786 607 567 497 10 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.00 7.30 640 607 528 490 420 490 11 12 13 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.45 7.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.15 7.30 7.30 -7.30 7.30 7.30 108 122 420 682 528 490 567 258 277 303 358 344 325 303 290 938 1,350 1,260 1,380 454 14 420 15 528 16 547 17 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 509 509 394 388 344 358 509 18 454 19 373 20 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 6.00 5.00 388 325 317 364 358 336 373 21 336 22 344 23 325 24 7.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.30 303 316 282 303 277 277 277 316 25 316 26 290 27 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 420 1,350 1,240 1,270 1,290 277 28 282 29 265 30 31 May. June. 1 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.00 11.00 7.30 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 11. 00 7.00 7.30 7.30 7.00 7.00 7.00 253 277 290 277 265 230 235 208 219 219 191 208 187 191 164 168 150 150 150 198 265 253 253 219 208 208 198 6.00 6.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 265 282 290 265 265 230 7.00 7.00 7.00 11.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.30 11.00 7.00 7.30 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 11.45 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 11.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 187 126 126 150 134 150 112 105 92 126 150 150 92 108 105 112 116 122 108 82 82 74 74 74 74 69 69 69 64 64 6.00 6.00 6.00 208 2 134 3 122 4 5 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 177 6 187 7 187 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 208 230 212 198 208 187 105 9 105 112 12 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 168 13 198 14 191 15 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 168 168 168 150 172 242 191 168 17 150 19 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 154 20 168 134 22 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 1.30 6.00 6.00 6.00 253 230 226 212 198 187 183 187 142 187 147 142 24 105 25 . 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 134 27 134 122 29 7.00 7.00 r 7.00 159 134 142 126 126 31 CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. 129 Discharge, in second-feet, of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., for 1910-1912 — Contd. July. August. Day. A M P M. A M. P. M Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. 1911. 1 7.00 11.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 11.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.45 7.00 61 61 59 59 64 59 59 61 6.00 122 6.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.00 7.30 7.30 74 69 61 M 50 50 86 54 54 50 50 54 54 54 52 92 69 71 98 6.30 6.30 5.30 6.00 6.00 80 80 3 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 122 67 122 122 126 122 134 4 80 80 6 7 6.30 6.30 6.00 6.30 6.30 6.30 134 8 105 9 59 | 116 10 50 54 54 50 50 50 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 1.30 6.30 6.30 6.30 6.30 6.30 6.30 69 80 80 80 74 69 48 69 92 92. 95 92 92 105 11 92 12 92 13 14 . 6.30 6.30 6.00 6.30 6.30 6.00 1.30 6.30 6.00 6.30 6.30 6.30 6.00 126 15. . 134 16 150 17 . 6.30 7.00 7.00 7.30 7.30 7.00 11.30 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.30 11.00 7.30 46 50 50 46 50 48 50 48 69 64 64 64 116 112 116 147 18 126 19 80 20 86 21 . 7.30 7.30 7.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.45 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 86 69 59 59 59 59 71 86 105 134 218 134 150 134 6.30 6.30 6.30 6.30 6.30 5.30 122 142 142 142 105 112 142 25. 142 26 69 27 28 6.30 6.00 6.30 6.30 92 29. 198 30 218 31 6.30 92 265 September. October. 1 7.30 7.30 11.45 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.00 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.00 7.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7. 30 7. 30 7. 30 11.30 7.00 7.30 7. 30 7. 30 7. 30 :. 30 277 253 230 198 154 150 116 105 95 137 122 92 92 86 92 112 116 92 86 92 92 80 82 92 90 74 69 36 69 71 6.00 6.00 277 248 1.30 6.00 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.00 5.00 116 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 10.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7. 30 7. 30 11.00 7. 30 7. 30 7. 30 7.30 7. 30 7. 30 11.00 7. 30 7. 30 134 142 142 187 198 208 219 219 219 172 168 137 137 134 126 98 92 699 1,260 1,110 1, 150 1,240 1, 240 1,010 7X0 669 .VIS 45 1 168 3 208 6.00 6.00 6.30 6.30 6.00 6.00 154 142 172 126 178 178 244 230 6 198 7 219 9 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5. 00 244 10 208 11 6.00 6.00 6.30 6.00 6.00 6.00 187 1S7 126 168 122 95 208 12 187 13 142 142 15 6.00 5. 30 5. 00 5. 00 5.00 5. 00 17S 187 18 6.66 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 116 137 168 142 122 134 230 19 NL'L' 20 1,260 21 1,010 23 5.00 5. 00 5.00 5.00 5. (X) 5.00 1, 320 1,210 26 6.00 6.00 6,00 6. 00 6.00 6. on 142 142 150 134 150 1.50 1,010 26 733 27 ;: ;:;; 607 28 548 29 31 5. oo 5.00 373 409GG — wsp 415—16- 130 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge, in second-feet, of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., for 1910-1912 — Contd. November. December. Day. A . M. P M. A M. P M. Time. Dis- charge Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge Time. Dis- charge. 1911. 1 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 344 344 325 336 290 265 325 388 358 358 344 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 358 358 , 344 344 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 10.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.30 454 454 388 . 358 358 358 316 290 290 290 265 303 303 303 303 344 454 528 567 454 420 373 548 712 733 712 648 615 528 548 420 5.00 5.00 454 2 454 3 4 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 358 5 358 6 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 303 344 388 388 358 358 344 358 358 437 461 472 528 344 7 316 8 290 9 290 10 11 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 277 12 316 13 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 358 364 420 454 472 ' 498 648 712 712 648 567 509 628 607 607 587 567 490 303 14 303 15 336 16 358 17 18 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 548 19 528 20 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 712 712 682 548 567 628 454 21 420 22 373 23 567 24 25 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 733 26 733 27 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 607 587 567 490 690 28 628 29 528 30 548 31 1 1912. March. April. 1 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 1,690 1,430 1,690 1,930 1,620 1,390 5.00 5.00 5.00 5,00 5.00 5.00 1.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5:00 5.00 1,570 1,510 1,810 2 3 '. 4 1,810 1,510 5... 6... 1,390 1,120 7 8 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 1,170 1,330 1,220 1,020 924 986 699 656 699 786 813 924 877 786 724 724 699 607 575 498 447 427 461 1,330 1,310 1,120 9 10 11 1,010 12 831 13 742 14 15. 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 656 16 699 17. . 786 18 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 2,390 1,690 1,390 1,170 953 742 831 19 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 1,880 1,510 1,270 972 813 656 607 498 498 498 628 1,390 2,000 972 20 877 21 22 5.66 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 699 23 699 24 656 25 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 536 536 536 575 1,200 1,750 607 26 575 27 498 28. -. 29 : ... 5.00 5.00 427 30 461 31 CHICOPEE 1UVER BASIN. 13 J Discharge, in second-feet, of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., for 1910-1912 — Coiittl. May. Day. A. M. Time. Dis charge. P.M. Time. Dis- charge. June. A.M. Time. Dis- charge 1'. M. Time. Dis- charge. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 1!). 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25 . 26- 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 7.30 7.30 7.30 7.30 11.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 11.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 11.00 7.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 11.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 21 22 23 24 2o ;.;.;; 26 27 11.00 29 30 31 498 461 461 414 336 336 394 427 461 607 575 559 559 536 536 575 742 1,070 877 640 656 599 548 5.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 472 461 ,461 394 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 336 394 447 575 575 575 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 530 536 530 GO 7 786 972 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 699 640 599 575 640 575 483 427 394 352 336 437 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 427 364 344 364 461 July. 6.00 11.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 11.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 11.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 11.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 11.00 183 498 4 til 382 352 258 226 212 212 191 172 168 164 154 147 102 102 108 46 116 116 108 6.00 498 6.00 6.00 6.00 427 364 325 6.00 308 6.00 6.00 6.00 | 6.00 ! 6.00 j 6.00 j 6.00 I 6.00 j 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 August. 6.00 71 6.00 57 6.00 57 6.00 52 6.00 48 6.00 61 11.00 57 6.00 52 6.00 52 6.00 48 6.00 46 6.00 48 6.00 41 11.00 44 6.00 48 6.00 61 6.00 46 6.00 41 6.00 44 6.00 41 11.00 71 6.00 74 6.00 64 6.00 57 6.00 04 6.00 52 6.00 46 11.00 71 6. oo 52 6.00 48 6.00 38 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 137 98 108 1 22 82 7) 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 122 98 92 137 137 108 6.00 ; 6.00 6.00 116 147 122 6.00 6.00 6.00 11.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 11.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 11.00 6.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 ! 6.00 I 1.30 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 248 212 191 191 172 168 164 154 164 154 78 32 112 102 82 78 137 131 90 92 116 48 52 108 102 92 IDS ION 122 108 92 71 71 71 41 137 122 102' 122 105 116 74 74 74 74 Note. — Discharge determined from a fairly well defined rating curve, referred to the chain gage, charge relation affected by ice Jan. l to Mar. 17, 1912. Dis- 132 SURFACE WATEES OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915. Day. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May- June. July, Aug. Sept. 1912-13. 37 64 101 184 188 153 149 131 130 135 140. 145 140 121 112 106 97 84 82 105 104 112 83 95 92 79 104 110 117 120 142 162 163 159 135 132 122 105 105 103 139 146 126 133 119 124 115 116 143 147 224 378 459 440 417 435 411 359 323 373 456 409 407 401 422 408 368 330 318 369 414 422 417 395 371 372 377 346 332 311 279 258 241 260 278 256 268 237 229 214 183 165 176 160 184 162 153 142 138 119 131 143 150 190 284 309 315 273 239 358 477 503 484 435 379 321 300 301 271 295 384 440 452 516 656 863 888 765 634 554 579 634 626 591 599 700 1,020 1,660 1,820 1,470 1,150 913 799 698 651 642 607 572 529 487 508 800 1,040 1,090 1,010 875 756 643 572 520 475 454 425 398 394 361 323 325 399 396 357 330 305 269 267 295 252 232 218 207 181 186 185 181 199 199 172 160 161 159 172 250 645 588 580 496 416 502 455 445 512 406 342 291 263 228 197 182 158 155 152 149 137 126 104 122 107 104 97 107 102 82 105 103 104 Day. Oct. Nov. •Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1913-14. 1 45 55 60 55 45 95 95 85 76 52 52 25 47 62 64 58 51 41 23 82 119 114 111 112 193 328 431 436 365 285 218 176 150 127 116 . 109 102 100 . 88 117 152 176 186 172 156 146 140 133 131 126 134 138 126 122 133 117 109 93 97 124 142 156 164 168 164 154 144 150 255 328 325 287 240 209 193 172 164 168 160 152 131 129 133 127 188 260 300 292 235 223 186 174 152 133 152 152 133 124 124 124 124 124 108 100 93 93 93 86 86 79 73 73 67 67 61 61 228 193 204 252 252 302 441 605 620 519 441 402 340 315 265 265 228 193 162 152 116 142 142 142 142 133 142 142 142 142 152 152 152 152 152 385 893 1,190 1,340 1,280 1,100 864 667 531 450 396 359 333 302 310 359 464 531 544 490 412 377 330 333 333 418 626 1,040 1,490 1,460 1,190 980 1,010 1,160 1,100 951 807 751 779 1,040 1,310 1,190 1,010 864 751 681 695 723 723 751 723 779 864 779 695 612 626 807 835 807 751 695 639 558 518 558 723 807 779 695 639 572 558 695 807 807 723 612 544 490 4 450 418 391 361 335 310 294 284 297 280 253 230 210 202 196 196 206 202 202 198 182 164 145 139 137 127 120 117 113 110 120 143 132 123 107 . 115 118 104 81 100 100 100 107 127 125 113 107 115 125 125 125 121 113 145 147 149 143 143 152 154 137 104 89 85 81 79 77 76 80 80 80 80 80 45 45 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 45 65 64 67 78 112 158 184 188 166 145 125 109 104 104 94 86 2 85 3 78 4 66 5 100 6 78 7 68 8 58 9 55 10 55 11 53 12 40 13 34 14 15 48 48 16 60 17 .: 57 18 54 19 51 20 48 21 45 22 33 23 34 24 38 25 40 26 41 27 32 28., 37 29 32 30 36 31 CHICOPEE EIVER BASIN. 133 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. V 1914-15. 34 37 35 30 38 30 34 35 34 34 31 35 32 32 33 38 55 56 59 51 47 45 43 43 42 55 48 43 44 45 46 38 40 41 46 52 48 46 46 53 48 45 45 44 46 44 74 81 72 70 79 72 65 60 56 64 65 67 73 67 62 59 66 67 67 67 65 64 66 67 64 64 58 58 76 62 60 60 55 53 58 53 53 61 61 45 46 46 43 42 46 48 47 44 36 47 54 40 359 297 325 262 176 182 272 255 225 194 180 565 985 1,180 895 565 434 434 407 407 342 287 232 215 170 143 152 150 139 130 158 241 277 270 239 217 176 145 134 210 550 655 595 505 404 356 330 325 399 1,490 2,200 1,800 1,270 895 655 520 368 342 304 292 267 267 255 243 239 217 204 184 196 187 177 168 160 143 147 166 164 162 174 162 150 143 162 160 156 145 132 134 150 200 239 245 255 262 317 565 865 795 655 ' 505- 404 368 335 320 297 277 260 245 234 221 230 230 225 239 389 461 420 389 342 312 282 275 275 270 257 228 208 188 172 152 149 164 164 156 145 166 174 176 184 172 162 147 128 ' 118 106 101 109 109 102 95 88 74 72 78 76 68 66 62 59 56 64 71 74 72 78 78 81 86 86 77 81 79 72 71 71 136 172 280 355 360 322 335 270 565 925 848 672 535 397 320 277 215 194 188 221 267 280 272 267 272 248 248 282 368 391 391 370 475 640 728 1,610 1,800 1,760 1,360 1,020 795 610 490 444 447 417 391 347 307 267 241 215 213 241 243 260 ' 234 213 198 188 186 188 180 2 166 3 154 4 145 5 141 6 130 7 121 8 121 9 121 10 113 11 106 12 , 102 13 98 14 95 1.5 100 16 98 17 113 18 94 19... 88 20 • 84 21 121 22 150 23 139 24 139 25 136 26 130 27 125 28 117 29 109 30 95 31 Note. — Discharge determined from a well-defined rating curve. Discharge relation affected by ice as follows: Jan. 2 to Feb. 28, 1914, Dec. 16, 1914, to Jan. 20, 1915, and Jan. 30 to Feb. 24, 1915. Discharge Jan. 2. to Feb. 28, 1914, Dec. 16, 1914, to Jan. 20, 1915, and Jan. 30 to Feb. 24, 1915, based on gage-height record, discharge measurements, and climatic data. Discharge Feb. 1, 19, and 28, May 23, 24, 'and 29-31, July 3, 5, and 24-31, Aug. 1-7, and Sept. 30 to Oct. 8, 1913; June 28-30, and July 27 to Aug. 16, 1914, estimated by comparison with records of streams in adjacent drainage basins. Monthly discharge of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915. [Drainage area, 186 square miles.] Discharge in second-feet. Eun-ofl (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Accu- racy. 1912-13. October 84 188 378 459 358 1,820 1,090 645 512 86 79 84 24 38 79 241 119 271 323 159 05 3.-, 21 28 53.0 107 133 375 213 670 622 305 102 58. 1 42. 3 57. 7 0.285 . 575 .715 2.02 1. 15 3.60 3.34 l.iil .871 .312 .227 .310 0. 33 .64 .82 2. 33 1.20 4. 15 3. 73 L.89 .'J7 . 30 .2(1 . 35 B. November B. December A. January A. February \. March B April B May i •Iun<> \ July August B. September A The vear 1,820 24 233 ' 1. 25 17.03 134 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1 91 2-191 5— Continued. ' Month. 1913-14 October November December January February March April May June July August September The year 1914-15 October November December January February March April May June July August September The year Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. 436 186 328 441 620 1,490 1,310 807 210 154 188 100 1,490 59 81 76 1,180 2,200 895 865 461 109 925 1,800 180 2,200 Minimum. 23 88 127 61 116 302 612 230 81 76 40 32 23 30 38 42 36 134 143 132 106 56 136 186 84 30 Mean. 125 131 198 140 238 671 852 527 144 112 78.0 53.0 272 40.8 57.0 58.1 326 488 254 317 224 78.5 351 545 121 237 Per square mile. 0.672 .704 1.06 .753 1.28 3.61 4.58 2.83 .774 .602 .419 .285 .219 .306 .312 1.75 2.62 1.37 1.70 1.20 .422 1.89 2.93 .651 1.27 Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). 0.77 .79 1.22 .87 1.33 4.16 5.11 3.26 .86 .69" .48 .32 .25 .34 .36 2.02 2.73 1.58 1.90 1.38 .47 2.18 3.38 .73 17.32 Accu- racy. Days of deficiency in discharge of Swift River at West Ware, Mass., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915. Theoret- Days of deficiency in dis- Dis- ical charge. charge in second- horse- power feet. per foot of fall. 1912-13 1913-14 1914-15 40 4.6 19 10 18 60 6.8 92 51 70 80 9.1 125 73 117 100 11.4 148 98 131 125 14.2 177 143 148 150 17.0 . 200 189 172 175 19.9 217 220 201 200 22.7 231 235 220 300 34.1 259 263 286 400 45.5 294 286 317 500 56.8 322 299 330 750 85.2 348 329 347 1,000 114 357 350 355 1,500 170 i 363 365 360 2,500 284 365 365 Note.— The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table, allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the headdoss, which may be as large as 5 per cent. CHICOPEE EIVER BASIN. 135 QUABOAG RIVER AT WEST WARREN, MASS. Location.— At the dam of J. T. F. MacDonnell at West Warren. Drainage area. — 144 square miles. Records available.— July 1 to October 18, 1903; October 25, 1904, to April 30, 1907. Gages. — Water-stage recorder maintained by the Massachusetts State Board of Health from July 1 to October 18, 1903. Vertical staff on left bank near headgates of canal; read once a day from October 25, 1904, to April 30, 1907. Discharge measurements. — One measurement was made by wading below dam. Channel and control. — Control is the crest of the timber crib dam; length, 102.7 feet. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum stage recorded: 52.2 feet, March 28, 1905; discharge, 1,210 second-feet. Minimum stage recorded: 50.15 feet, July 21, 1905; discharge, 20 second-feet. Winter flow. — Discharge relation not affected by ice. Regulation. — Flow regulated by operation of mills above station. The diurnal fluctuation thus caused is so great that it is considered impossible to compute mean daily or monthly discharge from one gage reading a day. Accuracy. —Discharge determined by means of a weir formula; record only fair. Cooperation. — Discharge record July 1 to October 18, 1903, furnished by Massa- chusetts State Board of Health. The following discharge measurement was made by F. E. Pressey: October 19, 1906: Gage height, 50.6 feet; discharge, 173 second-feet. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Warren, Mass., for 1903. Day. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Day. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. 1 213 233 207 192 a 174 127 129 130 115 239 241 224 196 191 ^214 116 124 a 131 a 73 112 121 118 116 114 117 123 116 106 112 127 a 52 81 78 105 90 82 95 99 144 145 140 158 148 118 108 16 ' a 197 151 233 208 178 164 151 125 133 123 115 110 129 a 158 102 2 17 151 3 18 202 4 19 5 20 a 158 219 225 228 209 182 172 160 150 145 136 150 a 109 111 106 101 120 113 116 119 136 146 136 6 21 7 22 .* 23 8 9 24 10 a 93 128 170 270 217 211 25 . 11 26 12 27 13 28.. . 14 29... 30 . . 31 a Average of less than 24 hourly readings. Note.— Discharge record July 1 to Oct. 18, 1903, obtained from automatic gage records and furnished by the Massachusetts State Board of Health. 136 SUKFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. i Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Warren, Mass., for 1904-1907. Day. 1904-5. Oct. 1905-6. 106 141 161 161 141 a 182 182 a 106 106 106 106 72 106 Nov. 182 161 141 141 182 a 106 106 72 30 41 30 72 a 30 30 41 55 89 106 106 106 72 72 a 55 72 89 72 72 72' 55 a 72 72 72 72 Dec. 141 a 72 72 a 55 55 41 30 30 30 20 a 10 20 30 30 20 30 41 a 30 30 229 229 229 141 141 a 306 306 280 280 254 229 205 a 161 161 161 141 123 141 123 a 123 123 106 123 123 161 229 a 254 254 254 229 229 205 182 a 161 Jan. a 123 123 205 ;23 123 161 254 a 571 605 539 507 446 416 387 a 358 332 306 306 254 254 254 a 205 205 182 161 161 141 141 a 141 141 •141 106 106 89 106 123 106 a 106 106 106 106 123 141 141 a 161 161 161 254 280 306 306 a 332 358 358 416 358 332 306 a 280 280 254 229 Feb. 123 123 106 106 a 123 123 123 141 141 161 141 a 123 123 106 106 89 106 106 a 106 106 106 123 141 141 123 a 123 123 106 205 182 161 a 141 141 123 123 141 123 123 a 123 123 123 106 106 123 123 a 141 141 161 182 507 476 358 a 332 332 306 306 Mar. 123 123 106 106 a 106 106 123 141 182 280 a 254 254 280 280 306 332 358 a 711 711 747 783 820 894 1,000 al,120 1,160 1,210 1,160 1,120 1,080 280 254 280 a 783 747 711 675 640 605 571 a 476 476 446 416 358 387 476 a 254 254 254 *229 229 229 205 a 205 229 229 605 640 640 605 Apr. 931 a 857 820 820 783 783 747 711 a 711 711 675 640 605 571 539 a 539 539 539 507 476 446 416 a 358 332 306 306 280 254 254 a 229 a 605 605 605 571 571 539 539 a 507 507 571 605 640 640 640 a 675 675 675 640 605 605 571 a 539 539 539 507 476 476 416 a 416 358 May. 229 212 195 178 161 161 a 161 161 161 141 141 141 123 a 123 123 123 141 141 161 161 a 161 161 141 141 141 123 123 a 123 123 106 106 358 358 358 358 306 a 306 306 306 306 280 280 a 254 254 254 229 205 205 .182 a 161 161 161 141 141 123 123 a 123 358 675 675 605 June. 106 106 a 89 89 72 72 a 72 72 72 55 72 89 106 a 106 106 106 89 ■ 106 106 571 539 416 416 358 358 a 306 306 280 280 254 254 254 a 306 306 306 280 280 254 229 a 205 182 182 161 161 161 161 July. 106 a 106 89 72 72 55 55 72 a 72 72 55 72 89 72 55 a 72 72 55 55 41 20 30 a 41 41 30 41 30 41 a 41 55 a 205 229 387 416 358 358 332 a 306 306 254 254 229 205 a 161 161 182 182 182 205 229 a 254 254 280 254 229 205 182 a 161 161 182 Aug. Sept 41 30 30 41 30 a 30 41 41 30 41 41 41 a 55 55 41 55 55 72 72 a 72 72 55 72 72 55 55 a 55 55 55 41 55 161 161 141 161 al61 161 205 182 182 161 161 a 161 161 161 141 123 161 161 a 161 161 141 161 141 141 123 a 123 123 141 141 123 123 CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. 137 Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Warren, Mass., for 1904-1907- Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 1906-7. 1 2 3 55 55 41 55 55 55 a 89 89 72 141 161 161 141 a 141 141 123 123 106 106 106 a 416 416 387 358 332 306 306 a 280 280 254 254 254 229 205 a 205 182 182 161 141 123 123 a 106 229 205 205 182 205 205 a 229 229 205 161 205 205 182 a 182 182 161 161 161 161 141 a 141 141 123 123 123 123 1-06 a 123 123 141 123 106 123 123 ol41 141 141 123 123 123 141 ol41 141 123 123 123 123 123 a 123 476 539 539 476 476 476 o416 416 306 254 254 254 280 o306 123 123 476 539 476 476 a 416 416 358 306 306 254 254 o229 229 161 141 141 141 161 a 161 123 123 141 141 123 106 a 106 106 123 123 123 106 106 a 123 123 123 141 141 161 161 a 205 205 205 123 106 106 123 ol23 123 123 123 89 89 89 o72 72 123 306 306 358 476 a 476 476 476 416 416 476 476 a476 476 476 476 476 416 416 o476 476 476 476 4 5 6 7 8 446 446 446 o416 416 9 416 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 J 17 416 446 416 446 a 446 675 571 476 18 476 19 416 20 416 21 o416 22 416 23 358 24 332 25 306 26 280 27 280 28 : o254 29 254 30 254 a Sunday. Gage read about 4 p. m. Note.— Discharge records do not give the mean for the day but are obtained by means of a weir formula from one gage reading a day taken about 6.15 a. m., except as noted on Sundays. The readings were taken before the mills farther upstream started operation and were not an index to the mean daily discharge. QUABOAG RIVER AT WEST BRIMFIELD, MASS. Location. — At the two-span highway bridge just west of the West Brimfield station of the Boston & Albany Railroad, about 3 miles below West Warren. Drainage area. — 150 square miles. Records available.— August 23, 1909, to September 30, 1915. Gage. — Prior to August 19, 1912, a vertical staff on upstream side of right abutment of bridge; August 19, 1912, and subsequently, a water-stage recorder at the down- stream end of center pier referred to gage datum by a hook gage inside the well; all gages at same datum. Discharge measurements. — Made from the bridge or by wading. Channel and control. — Bed of bowlders, gravel, and alluvial deposits; two chan- . nels under bridge; control practically permanent. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum open-water stagie recorded: 4.9 feet, March 1, 1910; discharge, 1,660 second-feet. Minimum stage recorded : 1.4 feet, September 17-18, 1910; discharge, 2.5 second-feet. Winter flow.— Discharge relation affected by ice. (See PI. IX, A, p. 119.) Regulation. — The operation of mills at West Warren causes diurnal fluctuation in discharge at the station. For this reason it has not been possible to compute mean daily or monthly disoharge prior to the installation of the automatic l: (See fig. 1, p. 28.) Accuracy. — Rating curve well defined; discharge record since the installation of water-stage recorder considered good. 138 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge measurements of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., during 1909-1915. Date. 1909. Aug. 23 23 Oct. 12 1910. Feb. 17 17 2 2 6 6 10 23 23 23 11 16 16 Sept. 11 1911. Mar. 7 1912. Feb. 9 Aug. 19 26 26. Mar. July Made by D. M. Wood. ....do ....do...... D. M. Wood... ....do T. W. Norcross. ....do ....do ....do D. M. Wood... ....do ....do ....do R. C. Rice H. B. Alvord. ....do W. G. Hovt... C. S. De Golyer. Canfield and McMillan . G. H. Canfield do do Gage height. Feet. 2.26 2.15 2.28 a 2. 81 a 3. 02 4.71 4.68 •4.17 4.17 4.00 2.85 3.18 3.11 2.30 1.70 2.35 1.97 2.45 a 3. 59 1.62 1.92 2.39 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 113 95.0 117 316 353 1,480 1,470 1,110 1.100 908 222 406 389 125 b 16.0 136 64.6 191 97.4 11.8 42.3 142 Date. Nov. 15 16 1913. Jan. 9 Feb. 13 Mar. 28 Aug. 9 1914. Jan. 5 16 26 Feb: 12 28 Mar. 1 Apr. 2 Aug. 18 19 Dec. 3 21 1915. Jan. 4 6 Feb. 6 Mar. 5 Aug. 14 Made by- C. !. De Golver. do C. S. De Golyer. R. S. Barnes O. W. Hartwell. C. II. Pierce R. S. Barnes. ....do ....do ....do Pierce and Barnes ....do C. H. Pierce ....do ....do R. S. Barnes. 1 ....do R. S. Barnes ....do ....do ....do Hardin Thweatt. height. Feet. 2.40 2.53 2.88 a3.43 3.73 1.64 2.51 2.56 3.95 2.84 3.20 3.05 3.73 2.25 1.87 1.80 2.27 a 2. 63 O2.06 3.00 3.12 2.55" Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 157 177 327 183 847 15.9 180 153 287 193 155 182 839 95.0 28.8 27.3 62.0 39.4 31.9 341 464 194 a Discharge relation affected by ice. b Partly estimated. Note.— Since Aug. 26, 1912, gage heights refer to the hook gage. Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for 1909-1912. August. Day. August. Day. A.M. P.M. A.M. P.M. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. 1909. 23 4.00 5.00 ' 5.10 5.30 5.10 75 127 120 127 131 1909. 28 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.15 12 11 39 18 5.10 5.45 5.10 5.00 59 24 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 11 11 11 11 29 25 54 30.. 127 26 31 89 27 CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. 139 Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for 1909-1912 — Con. September. October. Day. A M. P. M. A. M. P. M. Time. Dis- charge. Time Dis- charge. Time. ' Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. 1909. 1 7.45 8.10 7.45 8.00 9.00 8.00 8.10 8.00 8.10 8.05 8.10 8.00 8.10 8.10 8.20 8.00 8.20 8.15 8.00 8.10 8.10 8.05 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.30 8.15 8.30 8.10 8.15 20 22 22 22 14 33 39 11 11 11 6 18 31 11 6 6 11 11 22 54 6 11 6 6 12 22 59 71 224 191 5.10 5.00 5.05 5.00 5.00 5.20 4.50 5.10 5.10 5.15 5.10 5.00 5.10 5.20 5.00 5.10 5.00 5.10 5.15 5.00 5.20 5.00 5.10 4.55 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.15 5.10 5.00 71 89 54 105 71 217 120 109 71 54 18 39 120 71 131 99 131 39 39 131 131 89 89 120 39 33 109 156 252 156 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.20 8.15 8.10 8.15 8.10 8.25 8.00 8.00 8.30 8.00 8.30 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.20 8.10 8.00 8.00 7.55 8.20 8.00 8.00 8.10 7.45 8.00 8.20 8.00 8.00 6 6 39 131 6 6 18 12 18 33 51 13 17 20 7 10 11 22 8 7 6 12 11 20 80 8 11 11 6 7 7 5.00 5.10 5.00 5.00 4.45 4.45 5.00 5.10 5.05 5.00 5.20 5.10 5.00 4.45 5.10 5.00 5.00 5.10 5.10 5.10 5.00 5.00 5.20 5.00 5.10 4.45 5.00 5.10 5.00 5.00 5.00 109 2 22 3 71 4 138 5 71 6 165 7 131 8 109 9 * 20 10 156 11 156 12. . . 156 13 127 14 113 15 120 1G 20 17... 39 18 127 19 120 113 120 22 120 54 24 . 71 127 151 27 127 28... 109 29 120 39 31 12 1 November. December. 8.20 8.00 8.20 8.00 8.10 8.10 8.00 8.35 8.05 8.00 8.10 8.15 8.30 8.00 8.40 8.30 8.20 8.10 8.00 8.10 8.00 8.00 8.20 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.20 8.10 7 11 6 7 11 7 6 150 6 6 54 6 7 11 131 18 7 7 6 6 6 is 7 6 2.5 02 18 11 89 22 5.20 5.10 5.05 5.00 5.10 4.45 5.00 5.00 5.10 5.05 5.15 5.10 4.40 5. 00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 4.50 4.50 5.00 5.00 5.00 1. IS 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 4.45 156 120 127 1.20 113 18 39 131 109 156 109 54 18 18 131 109 54 89 80 57 18 89 89 80 71 89 89 18 131 7.55 7.50 8.00 7.50 8.00 8.15 8.00 8.10 8.20 8.30 8.15 8.00 8.00 11 33 11 8 11 54 11 8 14 18 27 27 89 4.45 4.40 4.45 5.05 5.00 5.00 5.10 4.45 5.00 4.45 4.45 5.00 5.00 57 2 93 3 109 4 51 5 18 6 99 7 109 8 120 9 156 10 156 11 54 12 71 13 156 14 15 16 17 IS 19 20 21 22 2? 24 26 26 27 28 29 30 31 140 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for 1909-1912 — Con. March. April. Day. A.M. P.M. A.M. P.M. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. 1910. 1 8.15 1,660 9.00 8.30 8.00 9.10 8.30 8.30 8.15 7.25, 8.30 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.00 8.15 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.45 9.00 9.00 6.15 9.00 9.00 371 348 252 313 380 380 380 179 252 131 245 335 353 335 283 245 156 291 272 430 245 326 335 6.00 5.30 5.00 5.15 6.00 6.00 .6.00 4.00 6.00 5.30 6.00 6.00 6.15 4.45 5.00 6.15 5.00 3.40 6.00 5.. 15 5.30 5.30 5.45 5.00 4.45 6.00 6.00 6.10 6.00 5.30 2 5.00 5.15 5.30 5.00 ""5." 66" 5.30 5.00 5.30 5.15 4.45 4.50 5.10 5.15 5.15 5.20 5.10 5.20 4.30 5.00 5.10 4.30 6.00 5.15 4.45 1,410 1,340 1,260 1,140 1,040 1,180 1,080 1,020 '896 726 770 645 574 520 530 585 480 395 380 430 371 380 353 335 291 317 326 291 335 313 252 3 8.15 9.15 8.30 9.20 8.30 8.00 8.30 9.00 9.00 8.00 8.00 8.30 8.10 8.45 8.40 8.45 8.30 8.00 9.15 9.15 8.00 9.00 8.45 9.00 1,320 1,260 1,180 1,060 1,200 1,140 1,060 945 875 805 645 1 705 585 530 480 530 480 380 455 470 335 400 390 390 4 245 217 217 185 231 185 5 6 7 8 9 10 131 185 272 217 201 185 156 252 11 12 13 :.. 14 15 ,.v 16 17 18 191 291 268 245 19 20..... 21 22 217 23 211 24 191 25 '. 9.00 335 185 26 8.45 335 9.00 430 9.00 | 390 9.00 i 480 8.45 | 380 1 326 27 8.00 417 4.30 380 28 8.00 1 380 8.45 390 9.00 371 9.00 I 380 1 5.15 5.35 5.00 '6.10 291 29 185 30 217 31 i May. June. 1 9.00 9.15 8.45 8.45 9.00 9.15 6.45 8.30 9.15 8.45 9.00 8.30 8.30 9.00 8.45 8.45 8.45 8.50 380 430 , 348. 335 335 380 217 185 283 291 272 291 335 283 170 291 326 291 4.00 5.30 6.00 5.45 5.30 5.45 6.00 5.45 6.00 5.00 5.20 5.30 5.17 5.30 4.30 5.00 5.00 2.35 4.45 7.30 6.45 7.55 4.25 7.45 4.35 4.30 4.25 4.00 4.15 5.30 5.05 272 217 231 217 245 228 185 185 252 201 207 217 201 156 185 185 211 89 179 156 170 201 162 v 201 162 162 170 156 162 89 136 8.30 8.30 8.45 8.30 8.15 8.20 S.20 8.00 7.45 8.00 8.20 8.00 9.00 8.40 8.35 8.45 8.00 8.10 8.00 8.10 8.20 8.30 8.20 8.15 8.15 8.00 8.00 8.10 7.40 7.45 335 291 252 335 89 136 291 120 113 120 201 185 348 211 211 430 211 201 131 162 272 291 283 283 260 89 120 11 7 10 4.30 5.10 5.15 5.00 4.15 4.45 4.45 4.45 4.00 4.15 4.00 4.30 4.15 4.30 4.00 4.30 5.00 4.30 5.00 5.30 6.30 5.15 4.30 4.40 4.30 4.00 5.30 4.20 4.15 4.30 156 2 162 3 131 4 14 5. 109 6 162 7 156 8 156 9 162 10 162 11 185 12 201 13 :... 185 14 179 15 201 i6 : 217 17 371 18 127 19 144 20 9.00 10.30 9.00 9.00 9.15 9.00 8.00 7.45 7.40 9.00 9.15 8.40 304 201 185 245 264 252 156 136 131 162 99 89 144 21 131 22 179 23 156 24 156 25 11 26 105 27 131 28 120 29 120 30 109 31 CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. 141 Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at WestBrimfield, Mass., for 1909-1912 — Con. July. August. Day. A. M. P. M. A. M. P. M. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. 1910. 1 8.05 8.15 8.15 8.05 '8.10 8.00 8.15 8.15 8.20 8.00 8.20 8. 15 10.00 8.00 8.00 7.50 8.00 8.00 8.10 8.40 8.15 8.15 8.20 7.45 8.30 8.40 8.00 8.40 8.40 8.00 8.00 80 260 54 71 54 29 29 29 22 18 37 27 156 11 14 17 18 39 14 14 14 17 14 27 50 18 2 17 14 10 54 4.30 5.30 4.15 113 14 54 8.30 9.00 9.00 9.15 6.00 8.15 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.25 8.20 8.20 8.00 9.30 8.30 8.15 8.15 8.15 9.30 8.00 9.00 8.30 8.20 8.30 8.15 8.20 8.00 8.40 8.45 8.15 120 131 17 14 17 33 51 11 11 37 42 39 54 217 18 14 12 14 131 14 109 14 12 14 11 11 14 170 156 11 5.30 5.40 5.30 5.30 5.15 4.30 4.30 4.40 4.50 5.30 5.30 5.45 5.00 4.30 5.00 5.20 4.30 5.00 5.10 5.10 4.00 5.30 5.15 5.00 5.30 5.30 6.00 5.00 5.00 5.35 6.00 211 2 185 3 113 4 99 5 4.30 5.30 5.00 4.30 4.00 4.30 '"5.'30" 5.40 5.30 4.30 4.00 6.00 6.20 4.40 4.15 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.00 4.30 5.00 4.40 4.30 4.40 4.30 6.00 89 89 89 89 144 18 109 71 156 156 22 14 39 109. 105 109 120 105 14 33 120 105 109 105 99 27 75 109 6 27 7 39 8 127 9 156 10 272 11 109 12 109 13 109 14 54 15 109 16 109 17 109 18 109 19 109 20 14 21 18 89 23 99 89 25 54 26 54 6 28 46 29 11 30 46 54 September. October. 1 8.50 8.40 8.45 8.00 8.20 8.15 8.15 8.20 8.50 8.25 10.00 8.15 8.00 8.15 8.00 8.30 8.20 8.00 9.00 8.30 8.30 9.00 8.40 8.45 8.30 S.30 8. 40 S.30 8. 25 8.30 46 22 22 39 71 54 25 14 25 18 54 54 6.0 7.0 8.0 11 11 2.5 75 11 11 11 12 11 27 27 18 11 7.0 7.0 6.00 5.30 5.30 3.00 4.00 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.00 5.00 2.50 5.15 5.30 5.00 5.30 5.00 5.00 5. 10 5.30 5. 30 5. 00 5. 30 .",. 10 5.00 5. 30 5.30 5. 30 :». 10 5.25 99 54 22 54 71 109 131 109 109 18 54 109 89 89 89 99 2.5 2.5 89 109 109 75 109 IS 27 109 89 89 si) 54 8.40 8.30 9.10 8.35 8.50 8.30 8.30 8.30 8.45 8.30 9.00 8.45 9.00 8.40 8.30 8.30 8.30 8.20 8.30 8. 25 8.30 S. 2.". S.20 8.30 s. 30 S. 2r» S. 25 s. I,", 9.00 9.00 8.35 7.0 8.5 131 7.0 12 11 11 11 11 11 20 7.0 8.5 7.0 8.5 27 27 14 17 14 17 14 14 17 8.5 8.S 7.0 11 12 22 IT. 5.M 4.30 5.00 5.25 5.30 5.20 5.40 5.00 4.30 4.45 5.00 5. HO 5.30 5.30 5.00 4.00 5.15 3.50 5. 20 5.00 5. 30 5.00 r,.oo 5. 30 5. (5 5. 15 ."». i:. 1. 10 5. 00 •1. 10 4.40 8.5 11 54 4 54 5 54 54 7 54 11 g 11 54 11 89 109 13 89 89 15 4 16 22 27 71 18 22 71 20 39 71 22 12 14 24 71 62 26 02 27 68 27 29 22 22 31 27 142 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for 1909-1912 — Con. November. [December. Day. A. M. P. M. A. M. P. M. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. Time. Dis- charge. 1910. 1 9.10 8.50 8.50 8.30 8.50 8.00 8.40 8.50 8.30 8.30 8.30 8.40 8.00 8.40 8.30 8.30 8.30 8.30 8.45 9.00 9.15 8.40 8.30 8.30 9.15 9.00 8.20 8.-30 8.20 8.40 14 14 17 14 14 39 54 22 7.5 10 25 22 39 46 25 14 11 10 14 17 156 17 14 10 156 39 ir 14 14 14 5.00 5.00 4.40 5.00 4.00 4.00 4.50 4.40 4.30 5.00 4.30 4.00 4.00 4.45 4.40 4.25 4.40 4.35 4.40 4.00 4.20 4.30 4.00 4.10 4.30 4.10 4.15 4.20 4.25 4.25 54 54 71 71 39 46 109 120 127 120 120 37 39 109 120 109 109 105 14 17 89 89 62 99 89 14 11 71 75 75 8.30 8.20 8.30 8.00 8.40 8.30 8.40 8.30 8.45 8.30 8.20 8.30 14 12 14 22 27 IT 14 18 17 14 17 22 3.00 4.30 5.00 4.20 4.30 3.30 4.30 4.40 4.00 4.00 4.30 3.30 61 2 54 3 22 4 22 5 39 6 89 7 54 8 46 9 89 10 14 11 18 12 71 13 14 15 16 17 18 18 20 . 21 t 22 23 24 25 27 29 l 31 March. April. 1911. 1 9.00 8.45 9.00 9.00 9.00 8.40 9.00 9.10 9.00 8.45 8.00 9.00 8.45 9.00 9.00 8.45 9.00 8.50 8.45 9.00 9.00 8.30 9.30 9.00 9.10 9.00 8.30 8.40 9.00 8.00 480 272 430 530 597 574 585 585 272 390 366 430 480 480 480 335 380 380 358 480 585 470 291 480 480 390 234 234 234 234 5.00 4.00 4.40 4.50 5.00 5.00 5.10 4.30 5.00 5.00 5.00 4.40 4.30 5.00 5.00 4.45 5.50 4.00 5.35 5.15 5.30 6.00 4.00 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.00 4.50 5.00 3.30 272 2 291 3 430 4 455 5 480 480 7 470 252 9 272 . 470 455 12 ' 455 470 14 455 15 335 344 17 335 380 19 313 335 380 22 291 313 24 380 25 335 335 27 335 335 29 217 245< 31 CHICOPEE RIVER BASIN. 143 Discharge, in second-feet, o/Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for 1909 -1912— Con . Day. May A. M. Time. Dis- charge. P. M. June. Time. Dis- Time charge Dis- charge. P. M. Time. Dis- charge. 1911 1 2 3 4 5 6 8.'.'.'.'.'.'....... 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 2.1 26 27 28 29 30 31 9.00 8.45 9.00 9.10 9.00 8. 50 10.00 8.30 9.10 10.00 9.00 9.00 8.55 9.00 9.40 9.00 8.40 9.00 8.40 9.00 9.00 8.30 9.00 8.45 8.50 9.10 8.30 8.30 9.00 8.50 8.40 252 245 252 252 217 201 156 170 201 211 217 211 201 105 185 165 185 179 201 217 42 217 245 217 211 234 217 89 39 42 27 4.50 5. 00 4. 45 6.00 5.30 5.00 4.50 5.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 5.15 4.50 4.00 4.40 4.50 4.00 5.00 4.40 4.00 4.55 5.00 4.40 234 224 217 234 185 156 170 185 151 131 131 131 89 105 105 109 109 37 185 151 144 131 131 136 85 105 80 9.00 8.45 8.40 9.00 8. 55 8.45 8.40 8.45 8.35 8.30 9.30 9.00 9.15 9.00 8.50 9.00 8.50 8.30 9.00 8.40 8.50 8.50 9.00 8. 55 9.10 8.40 8.45 9.00 9.10 9.00 27 22 18 17 18 27 25 27 27 29 156 33 25 22 22 20 20 18 54 20 18 18 17 20 25 20 22 22 18 17 4.00 4.30 6.30 5.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 5.40 5.00 5.00 6.30 5.00 4.50 6.00 5.50 5.00 4.00 5.00 5. 15 5.00 4.50 4.10 5. 15 4.10 4.00 July August. 9.00 18 12.40 9.40 25 6.00 9.15 27 4.40 9.00 27 5.00 9.10 25 4.40 9.00 25 5.10 8.40 27 5.00 9.00 25 4.50 9.00 6.0 3.00 8.40 11 5.00 8.45 14 6.00 8.40 11 6.00 9.00 10 4.00 9.10 11 6.00 ' 8.40 8.5 5.00 9.00 7.5 4.00 8. to 8.5 5.00 9.00 10 5.00 j LI. 00 54 4.45 8.45 8.5 5.00 9.00 8.5 1.50 9 00 6.0 4. 00 9.10 11 4.40 9.00 17 5. 00 9.00 20 5.00 8.45 18 ■1.45 8.50 is 5.00 9.00 14 5. 10 S. 15 8.5 LOO 9.00 17 (i. 10 9.10 11 6.00 27 109 27 105 105 109 22 6.0 131 131 131 127 131 6.0 8.5 33 27 27 33 33 11 14 33 39 51 46 51 11 89 89 9.00 11 5.00 8.45 14 5.00 8.45 11 4.50 8.50 12 5.10 8.45 11 5.30 9.00 14 4.00 10.00 39 5.00 9.00 11 4.40 9.00 10 4.00 8.45 8.5 5.00 8.50 6.0 5.10 9.00 7.0 5.00 9.00 8.5 4.00 9.10 10 5.30 9.00 6.0 9.00 7.0 6.30 8. 15 6.0 5.00 8.30 6.0 4.40 9.00 8.5 4.00 9.15 8.5 4.00 9.00 10 4.00 9.00 6.0 5.00 8. 15 7.0 4.50 8.50 6.0 5. 00 8. 15 8.5 5. 15 9.00 7.0 4.00 9.00 8.5 1. 10 8. I" 11 5.00 8. >o 37 5.00 9.00 39 1. 15 8. 15 54 5.00 54 46 39 46 75 109 105 109 105 131 54 109 99 109 109 99 14 46 89 109 105 22 29 27 109 109 105 109 109 109 105 6.0 8.5 105 6.0 10 54 62 54 51 54 10 in 51 109 109 99 144 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for 1909-1912 — Con. September. October. Day. A.M. P.M. A.M. P.M. Time. Dis- ch arge Time. Dis- charge Time. Dis- charge Time. Dis- charge . 1911. 1 9.00 8.35 9.30 8.30 9.00 8.40 9.10 9.00 9.00 8.35 8.50 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 8.45 8.50 9.00 9.10 9.15 9.00 8.40 8.30 9.30 9.10 8.40 8.45 9.00 9.00 8.50 75 71 71 89 54 46 51 54 39 46 54 39 131 185 185 185 156 185 131 131 109 22 ■ 20 37 156 29 27 33 37 39 4.00 5.10 5.00 4.50 5.30 5.00 6.00 5.10 4.30 5.40 6.00 5.00 5.10 5.00 4.50 5.10 4.00 4.00 4.30 4.50 4.30 5.00 5.00 4.50 5.30 5.00 5.00 5.10 5.00 4.40 113 71 75 131 131 136 144 109 39 51 99 109 113 109 109 156 170 156 109 99 109 113 27 39 131 127 109 113 i 131 42 10.00 9.00 9.10 9.00 9.00 8.55 9.00 9.30 9.00 9.10 8.40 9.00 9.30 9.00 9.00 8.50 9.00 9.10 8.50 8.45 9.00 8.55 9.00 9.00 8.50 8.45 9.00 9.00 10.00 9.00 9.00 120 144 185 179 170 170 185 109 120 185 170 165 185 179 127 326 335 348 335 380 358 217 252 358 335 335 344 313 234 234 217 4.50 5.00 5.00 4.40 5.30 5.00 4.30 6.00 5.00 5.00 4.50 4.35 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.10 4.00 5.00 4.50 5.10 5.00 4.00 -4.10 5.10 5.00 4.30 4.30 5.00 4.10 5.30 5.15 131 136 156 156 162 156 105 109 109 109 113 105 109 109 131 109 131 144 185 191 217 234 217 217 211 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ' 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 j 22 23... -' 24 26 26 201 i7 - 201 28 217 29 228 30 185 31 : 191 November. December. 1 9.00 8.50 9.00 8.50 10.00 9.00 8.55 8.10 8.45 8.30 9.00 10.00 10.00 8.10 9.00 8.50 8.40 8.55 9.00 8.50 9.00 10.00 9.45 9.00 9.00 10. 00 9.00 8.50 8.50 8.55 211 201 185 185 185 211 195 185 191 185 179 120 179 185 201 185 211 224 211 217 217 335 371 291 313 335 335 326 313 335 4.50 4.45 5.00 4.30 5.00 4.50 3.30 5.30 5.00 4.50 5.00 3.00 5.00 4.50 4.35 5.00 5.00 4.30 4.25 4.40 4.00 4.00 4.40. 4.10 4.00 3.30 5.00 4.50 5.00 5.10 170 162 156 109 201 185 211 201 207 201 109 127 191 211 201 201 217 211 211 217 J 224 252 245 260 335 358 335 390 358 380 9.00 9.00 9.00 8.45 9.00 9.00 8.45 8.50 9.00 9.00 8.50 9.00 9.00 8.40 8.50 8.50 9.00 8.45 8.30 9.10 9.00 9.00 8.50 10.00 9.00 8.45 8.45 9.10 9.00 9.00 9.10 335 335 127 313 313 313 291 291 291 185 291 283 291 313 326 335 335 335 291 300 313 335 313 335 358 335 326 313 326 291 291 4.10 3.55 4.00 4.50 5.00 4.00 4.10 4.15 4.30 5.00 4.40 4.50 5.00 4.35 4.40 4.30 4.00 4.30 5.00 5.10 4.30 4.30 4.00 4.20 5.00 4.00 4.10 4.00 4.35 4.00 4.10 353 2 109 3 185 4 380 5 291 6. 272 7 252 8 252 9 -. 185 10 211 11.. i 291 12 283 13 272 14 272 15 291 16 J 252 17 390 18 380 19 362 20 390 21 , 380 22 380 23 313 24 335 25 291 26, 380 27 390 28 390 29 362 30 283 31 313 CHICOPEE EIVEK BASIN. 145 Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for 1909-1912 — Con. Day. 1912. January. A.M. Time. 9.00 9.00 8.30 9.30 8.40 9.10 Dis- charge, 380 3,80 585 585 770 910 P. M. Time. 4.30 4.10 4.15 5.00 5.00 4.00 Dis- charge 390 430 430 455 520 530 March. A. M. Time. Dis- charge, P. M. Time. Dis- charge. 9.10 9.00 8.00 9.00 9.30 9.00 8.30 9.15 9.00 8.55 9.00 9.45 9.00 9.30 8.50 9.00 8.50 10.00 2,250 1,950 1,180 1,140 1,100 1,060 910 840 705 675 645 645 615 585 585 910 980 910 4.20 3.50 4.00 4.30 4.00 3.45 4.00 4.30 5.00 4.00 4.10 4.30 5.00 5.10 4.45 5.50 5.00 4.30 April. May. 9.00 910 4.50 8.40 910 5.00 8.50 910 4.10 9.00 910 4.30 9.30 910 5.00 8.30 910 4.50 10.00 875 1 5.00 9.00 854 4.40 8. 45 840 5.00 9.30 840 4.10 9.00 854 5.00 10.00 826 5.30 9.00 770 5.00 9.10 757 5.00 8.40 705 4.35 9.00 675 4.50 9.00 705 4.10 9.10 738 5.10 9.30 770 5.40 10.00 805 4.50 9.00 770 4.00 9.10 770 4.10 9.00 738 5.50 8.40 73S 6.00 8.55 693 5.00 9.00 645 5.10 9.00 55s 5.00 ' 10.00 505 5.50 S. 30 505 5.10 ! 9.30 490 5.30 9.00 480 6.00 910 910 910 910 910 875 875 840 840 854 840 805 770 738 705 675 705 | 738 I 826 805 770 757 738 705 675 615 505 505 505 490 9.10 470 6.30 9.00 455 6.00 8.50 440 5.00 10.00 430 6.10 9.00 440 6.00 8.50 440 6.30 8.00 430 5.50 8.30 430 5.30 8.30 420 6.15 8.45 420 6.30 9.10 430 5.30 10.00 405 5.30 8.30 430 5.00 8.30 420 6.00 8.45 430 6.10 9.00 420 6.00 8.00 455 5.00 9.00 430 4.50 9.00 430 6.00 8.30 440 5.55 8.50 420 6.00 8.30 430 6. 10 9.00 430 5.00 8.00 130 455 8.30 6.00 9.00 380 5.30 9.30 155 5.50 8.30 405 6.00 8.50 405 5.30 9.00 390 4. 50 9.00 3S0 5.00 2,050 1,140 1,120 1,060 980 840 770 705 657 645 645 585 585 603 1,060 910 910 455 440 430 430 430 430 430 420 405 420 380 405 430 430 430 420 440 430 430 430 405 430 440 380 405 430 405 380 380 380 40966°— wsp 415—16 10 146 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for 1909-1912 — Con. Day. June. A.M. Time. Dis- charge. A.M. Time. Dis- charge. July. A. M. Time. Dis- charge. A.M. Time. Dis- charge 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 9.00 9.00 9.30 8.00 7.45 8.30 8.15 10.00 10.15 9.00 9.00 8.45 9.00 9.15 9.00 10.00 8.30 8.25 9.00 8.45 9.00 9.20 10.00 10.00 8.30 8.45 -8.30 9.00 10.00 9.00 380 405 430 380 283 430 252 291 185 358 358 335 272 272 283 109 179 27 25 37 27 33 71 156 27 33 27 29 27 39 5.30 5.00 4.30 4.40 6.30 6.45 6.20 6.45 6.45 6.30 4.15 4.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 5.30 7.35 6.00 7.10 6.00 6.30 4.00 5.30 7.10 6.00 5.50 6.20 7.00 3.30 380 371 335 335 291 217 245 185 217 185 T56 234 185 131 89 127 185 179 131 156 156 54 89 131 131 131 131 131 39 37 7.00 7.00 7.05 7.30 7.00 7.05 9.00 7.05 9.05 8.00 8.30 9.00 8.30 8.20 9.00 7.00 7.05 7.00 7.15 9.00 9.00 9.10 8.45 8.55 9.10 8.50 9.15 10.00 9.00 9.25 9.35 39 27 27 27 39 18 22 18 22 18 18 18 6 27 27 27 18 14 18 14 18 14 14 14 11 12 14 136 11 12 12 6.30 5.30 5.25 7.15 5.35 6.00 7.30 7.20 5.20 6.00 5.30 5.55 4.10 7.00 6.45 6.30 6.00 6.15 5.30 6.10 6.30 6.00 6.15 6.30 6.10 5.50 6.00 6.10 6.20 7.00 6.55 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17- 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.. 25.. 26.. 27.. 28.. 29.. 30.. 31.. August. 9.00 11 6.00 109 8.45 12 6.10 109 9.10 11 6.30 51 9.15 71 6.40 105 9.15 109 5.30 113 9.00 12 6.00 109 9.00 14 6.10 109 8.45 11 6.55 113 9.20 17 6.10 109 9.00 17 6.00 27 10.30 39 6.30 54 9.30 62 6.15 109 9.00 17 6.00 109 9.00 17 6.30 109 11.10 105 6.45 109 9.00 12 6.00 109 9.30 12 6.15 33 10. 00 46 4.30 59 9.00 59 6.00 109 9.00 12 6.10 109 9.00 12 5.50 113 8.50 12 6.00 131 9.20 11 5.00 113 9.45 18 5.50 18 6.00 4.00 54 7.45 40 54 8.00 18 6.00 131 8.00 21 6.10 71 8.00 18 5.35 109 8.00 19 5.40 71 8.50 20 4.00 20 CHICOPEE EIVER BASIN. 147 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915. Day. Aug. Sept, Oct. Nov. 46 42 31 40 19 65 19 90 19 83 25 50 50 65 26 140 32 123 39 111 47 81 41 104 24 82 51 112 33 93 31 62 32 63 31 81 21 58 18 48 47 38 47 50 57 42 42 48 32 79 35 46 43 58 78 55 54 51 40 56 35 Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. 414 855 412 330 56 415 729 389 307 56 291 779 359 272 58 352 732 342 252 24 334 704 309 223 31 311 664 290 196 37 209 603 241 179 68 275 558 226 180 59 301 523 206 173 47 288 501 174 152 59 334 529 154 145 61 347 737 158 131 39 317 783 150 132 40 407 823 148 110 77 465 823 144 99 55 468 962 138 111 61 431 1,010 146 91 57 429 941 140 85 60 414 856 143 80 41 438 756 120 85 35 451 741 116 77 71 411 704 138 79 50 419 651 199 105 61 416 599 364 74 59 413 544 333 64 56 515 502 310 71 41 782 471 296 61 28 853 467 302 45 62 904 470 393 52 59 910 450 366 82 59 920 347 53 Aug. Sept. 1912-13. 143 159 192 304 1.83 130 135 186 301 274 250 279 251 233 268 226 336 250 316 291 332 299 354 337 279 270 281 265 281 281 271 268 285 284 251 274 248 234 249 241 270 230 300 280 220 180 160 148 138 132 125 120 117 116 116 117 118 122 126 132 138 145 155 170 185 250 325 375 Day. 1913-14. Oct. 72 53 50 52 51 34 49 69 54 45 34 40 43 33 81 74 72 66 67 150 245 2ii."> 234 219 215 192 Nov. 166 158 161 159 132 130 131 116 161 260 199 177 130 148 141 134 144 133 131 145 146 139 135 135 114 105 104 90 124 135 Dec. 135 131 122 119 120 120 142 210 188 223 214 179 174 174 174 218 202 202 171 189 170 173 170 233 227 249 222 241 2S 5 290 266 Jan. 183 211 193 157 160 145 130 118 118 105 105 105 105 105 118 145 145 130 130 118 105 105 73 94 391 193 iti; 176 176 176 17ii Feb. 270 270 293 293 293 293 270 230 176 176 176 160 160 160 145 145 145 130 130 130 lis lis lis 105 105 94 94 94 Mar. 176 1,110 1,040 1,080 1,030 1,010 914 831 750 633 594 531 477 433 407 423 450 455 407 375 355 370 340 320 275 360 423 627 668 682 689 Apr. 733 777 756 723 709 654 675 682 770 743 736 682 633 627 601 682 627 607 588 575 575 549 507 501 495 562 614 594 601 620 Mav. 575 537 513 513 59S 682 640 614 607 549 562 715 668 627 607 568 549 507 477 144 423 380 310 340 320 297 262 212 214 183 June. July. 163 91 157 157 151 169 160 118 154 113 160 136 146 148 133 136 118 118 98 166 98 ,160 87 160 75 160 89 128. 89 113 85 113 101 115 87 108 73 61 75 87 58 81 118 87 73 81 101 S3 81 85 58 89' 75 55 73 125 67 85 73 73 Aug. 94 91 77 103 85 73 65 63 58 , 58 73 Sept, 35 49 46 16 38 18 79 101 91 148 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915— Continued. Day. 1914-15 i.-...: 2 3 4 5 6.. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 .... 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 ... 26 27 28 29 30 31 Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 65 13 52 33 284 620 128 136 113 75 94 21 41 55 28 193 56.8 130 148 77 136 115 1 44 37 49 18 262 477 125 148 85 133 142 25 40 58 50 401 ,335 120 136 79 136 250 49 21 55 63 562 455 151 133 58 118 423 44 28 34 101 401 417 163 130 73 120 330 37 25 71 1,000 396 380 176 123 98 94 302 31 18 40 935 375 345 176 136 59 118 284 27 43 46 763 375 306 190 145 63 254 288 24 40 46 729 311 284 193 136 63 211 279 16 38 37 661 320 258 207 120 52 190 254 40 16 38 797 266 246 246 120 49 183 234 50 14 50 970 • 284 218 242 113 32 166 250 37 28 59 722 270 211 238 108 79 157 207 34 25 73 581 391 204 226 85 58 151 193 28 59 125 562 633 186 211 96 56 139 176 29 56 142 525 562 186 207 120 56 110 157 21 49 113 1,020 507 169 190 98 65 103 139 67 41 79 709 483 163 183 87 55 113 123 41 52 40 647 439 160 169 81 56 110 128 38 47 197 581 412 151 166 89 85 105 101 31 33 94 501 391 166 163 113 55 105 123 32 67 58 562 370 145 160 123 59 115 125 34 68 44 661 401 136 151 125 52 91 113 19 68 40 614 790 133 157 113 53 91 110 30 68 35 555 756 128 160 110 44 103 110 41 69 33 507 640 77 142 105 49 75 94 40 61 31 461 661' 120 148 89 77 71 81 26 . 47 33 407 123 139 87 52 *96 96 26 67 30 302 115 142 103 49 98 103 21 33 293 110 94 77 85 Sept. 77 50 49 65 101 96 85 77 63 Note. — Discharge determined from a well-de6ned rating curve. Discharge relation affected by ice Feb. 6^28, 1913; Jan. 6 to Mar. 1, 1914; Dec. 11, 1914, to Jan. 20, 1915; and Jan. 31 to Feb. 17, 1915. Dis- charge for these periods based on gage-height record, discharge measurements, and -climatic data. Monthly discharge of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915. [Drainage area, 150 square miles.] Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). 0.17* .33 Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Accu- racy. 1912. August 19-31 74 25 81 I 15 52 44 0.347 .293 A. September A. 1912-13. October. 78 140 304 354 375 920 1,010 412 330 77 70 76 18 38 44 226 116 209 450 116 45 24 11 24 37 70 113 276 179 459 682 244 135 52.3 40.0 47.3 .247 .467 .753 1.84 1.19 3.06 4.55 1.63 .900 .349 .267 .315 .28 .52 .87 2.12 1.24 3.53 5.08 1.88 1.00 .40 .31 .35 A. November A. December A. January A. February C. March A. April A. May A. June A. July A. August A. September A. The year 1,010 11 194 1.29 17.58 CHICOPEE EIVER BASIN. 149 Monthly discharge of Quaboag River at West Brim field, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1912-1915— Continued. Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Accu- racy. 1913-14. October 265 260 290 391 293 1,110 777 682 163 169 103 101 33 90 119 73 94 275 495 183 55 58 43 14 90.8 143 191 147 175 588 640 488 106 110 68.8 45.0 0.605 .953 1.27 .980 1.17 3.87 4.27 3.25 .707 .733 .459 .300 0.70 1.06 1.46 1.13 1.22 4.46 4.76 3.75 .79 .85 .53 .33 A. November A. December A. C. D. March A. April A. May A. June A. July A. A. September A. The year 1,110 14 233 1.55 21.04 1914-15. 67 69 197 1,020 790 620 246 148 113 254 423 101 16 13 30 18 193 77 120 81 32 71 81 37 34.5 42.6 61.0 528 433 245 173 115 634 124 178 72.3 .230 .284 .407 3.52 2.89 1.63 1.15 .767 .423 .827 1.19 .482 .27 .32 .47 4.06 3.01 1.88 1.28 .88 .47 .95 1.37 .54 A. November A. December C. January C. February C. March A. April A. A. June A. July A. A September A. The year 1,020 13 171 1.14 15.50 Days of deficiency in discharge of Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915. Discharge in second- feet. Theoretical horsepower per foot of fall. Days of deficiency in discharge. 1912-13 1913-14 1914-15 20 2.3 6 3 7 40 4.6 52 19 47 60 6.8 125 51 102 80 9.1 157 88 145 100 11.4 184 120 175 125 14.2 200 158 216 150 17.0 222 196 246 200 22.7 241 245 278 250 28.4 253 264 293 300 34.1 285 279 307 400 45.5 314 290 322 600 68.2 341 323 346 800 90.9 354 358 361 1,000 114 364 360 363 1,200 136 365 365 365 NoTE.—The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at ditferen I rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower, in using tins table, allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones be inn the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, which may be as large as :, per cent. 150 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. GENERAL FEATURES. Westfield River rises near Savoy Center, in the town of Savoy, at an elevation of 2,300 feet above sea level, flows southeasterly through the towns of Windsor, Plainfield, and Cummington to the village of Swift River, then southerly through Worthington, Chester- field, and Huntington to the city of Huntington, whence its course is southeasterly through Montgomery, Blandford, Russell, and Westfield to its confluence -with the Connecticut at Springfield. From its source to the gaging station at Knightville the distance is 30 miles. At Knightville the river is 500 feet above sea level, and the drainage area comprises 162 square miles. At Russell the elevation is 280 feet and the drainage area is 332 square miles. At the gaging station near Westfield the elevation is 110 feet and the drainage area 496 square miles. The length of the river from Savoy to its junction with the Connecticut is 55 miles, and the total drainage area is 515 square miles. The principal tributaries of the Westfield are its Middle and West branches and Westfield Little River. The Middle Branch of the Westfield heads among the hills of Peru, about 2,200 feet above sea level, and flows southeasterly through the towns of Middlefield, Worthington, and Chester to its junction with the main stream, about half a mile below the gaging station at Goss Heights. The distance from the source of this branch to the gaging station is about 17 miles, and the drainage area comprises 53 square miles. At Goss Heights the river is 415 feet above sea level; where it joins the main stream the elevation is 410 feet. The West Branch of the Westfield rises in the town of Washington, 1,900 feet above sea level, and flows southeasterly 22 miles through Becket and Chester to Huntington, where it joins the main river. The drainage area at this point is 96 square miles. At the gaging station in Chester the river is 600 feet above sea level, and the drainage area comprises 73 square miles. Westfield Little River is formed in the town of Russell by the union of Borden and Pebble brooks. Pebble Brook, the continua- tion of the main stream, rises in Blandford about 1,560 feet above sea level. The stream flows southeasterly to a point a mile south- east of Cobble Mountain, then northeastward 2 miles, then again southeastward to Westfield, where it unites with Westfield River. West of West Parish the basin of this tributary is hilly. Eastward the valley is more open. At the gaging station in the town of Rus- sell, 3 miles below the confluence of Pebble and Borden brooks, the drainage area comprises 48 square miles. The water of this stream is used by the city of Springfield for municipal supply. WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. 151 The country drained by the Westfield is very hilly and toward the headwaters is mountainous. Small tributaries are innumerable. The slopes are steep and rocky, and as there is but little storage the rainfall quickly finds its way into the main watercourses and produces rapid fluctuations in volume. Low water usually lasts from early in July to the last part of September. The spring rise comes in March or April, and at that time a large proportion of the yearly run-off occurs. WESTFIELD RIVER AT KNIGHTVILLE, MASS. Location. — At the single-span steel highway bridge known locally as the Pitcher Bridge, at Knightville, 1 mile north of outlet of Norwich Lake and about 3 miles above confluence with Middle Branch of Westfield River. Drainage area. — 162 square miles. Records available. — August 26, 1909, to September 30, 1915. Gage. — Chain attached to downstream side of bridge. Discharge measurements. — Made from bridge or by wading. Channel and control. — Bed rough, covered with bowlders and ledge rock; control practically permanent. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum open-water stage recorded: 8.9 feet, March 27, 1913; approximate discharge, 5,100 second-feet. A gage height of 9.4 feet was recorded at 9.15 a. m., January 22, 1910, but the channel was probably obstructed by ice at that time. Minimum stage recorded: 0.60 foot, August 10, 1913; dis- charge, 4 second-feet. Winter flow. — Discharge relation affected by ice. Regulation. — Flow not seriously affected by regulation. Accuracy. — Rating curve fairly well defined; open-water records good. Discharge measurements of Westfield River at Knightville, Mass., during 1909-1915. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by- Gage height. Dis- charge. 1909. Aug. 4 26 Oct. 11 1910. Mar. 3 24 D. M. Wood Feet. 0.83 Sec.-ft. 24.0 27.7 37.3 1,320 1,120 53.3 614 28.7 101 873 1912. Feb. 7 Nov. 19 19 1913. Feb. 14 Aug. 8 1914. Aug. 14 1915. Mar. 2 Apr. 12 Alexander McMillan C S. DeGolyer do C. S. De Golyer C. H. Pierce Feet. a 1.95 2.13 2.13 a 2. 30 .84 .99 2.62 4.70 Sec.-ft. 105 do Norcross and Wood T. W. Norcross D. M.Wood.. 1.01 1.15 4.03 3.90 1.19 2.89 .99 250 247 137 17.2 July 12 R. ('. Rice C. H. Fierce Sept. 7 Oct. 14 W. G.Hovt F. J. Shuttleworth 23.9 1911. Mar. 10 F. J. Shuttleworth ! a 2. 05 W. G. Hoyt 3.32 R. S. Barnes 447 Apr. 14 do 1,790 14 do 3.29 848 a Discharge relation affected by ice. 152 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS.. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield River at Knightville. Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1909-1915. Day. Aug. Sept. Day. Aug. Sept. Day. Aug. Sept 1.. 1909. 25 23 23 21 26 22 23 26 29 26 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 1909. 32 61 30 38 39 33 42 39 30 25 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 1909. 26 2 26 3 31 4 ' 52 5 151 6 28 28 26 29 30 37 95 7 610 8 373 9 169 10.. 106 Day. 1909-10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19. 20 21 22 23 24 25f^ 26 27 28 29 30 31 Oct. Nov. Dec. | Jan. 55 55 53 53 55 53 74 77 71 76 77 66 77 238 272 5,130 2,880 2,280 1,500 1,180 1,180 855 670 470 330 Feb. 255 238 238 255 207 176 153 148 2,130 Mar. Apr. 1,920 1,120 1,440 985 1,310 920 1,380 730 1,990 495 1,780 420 1,570 395 1,850 395 1,180 350 1,440 350 1,240 291 1,050 272 920 272 730 238 670 238 640 238 550 238 373 350 350 670 373 373 1,180 310 1,050 272 985 255 1,050 238 1,710 238 1,920 2,280 1,310 1,640 1,440 1,380 1,310 790 1,240 445 1,120 310 238 201 183 201 174 141 238 445 350 255 291 255 272 610 310 222 201 179 192 174 207 183 174 183 207 189 198 174 207 445 June. July. Aug. 445 101 46 373 84 37 272 71 32 238 63 41 201 60 61 920 61 55 550 63 38 420 46 37 350 37 34 470 37 42 1,310 . 39 74 790 46 54 420 41 48 350 38 46 272 37 41 291 37 38 445 34 28 495 32 30 .373 32 53 291 33 46 238 33 37 183 32 23 148 41 23 129 37 22 125 33 25 108 32 26 110 32 13 108 28 16 108 30 14 104 38 14 49 13 Sept. 8.0 22 20 79 330 350 670 373 125 77 63 42 33 39 35 37 35 25 23 21 WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. 153 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield River at Knightville, Mass. , for the years ending Sept. 30, 1909-191 5— Continued. Day. j Oct. Nov. Dec. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1910-11. 1 31 2 32 3 22 19 26 310 855 730 395 60 41 68 90 56 90 84 74 71 63 77 68 68 77 101 76 84 94 95 84 76 80 104 114 95 73 445 330 580 640 730 1,180 1,920 1,240 790 640 550 470 550 730 985 670 670 580 580 640 580 523 470 373 350 291 495 550 445 445 420 730 523 470 445 395 222 222 192 238 207 169 204 183 158 153 131 84 70 68 80 116 204 855 790 445 174 179 189 1,640 920 395 272 134 53 48 44 39 28 25 32 30 28 28 27, 27 25 23 25 23 33 58 55 53 50 30 26 40 53 58 52 55 60 53 46 35 28 25 23 20 19 19 18 17 17 16 16 15 14 14 108 82 63 112 94 77 4 . 74 21 19 23 32- 32 63 6 68 7 8.. 58 73 9 95 10 27 108 11 25 141 12 22 24 28 26 26 22 23 19 15 16 30 33 29 27 23 116 13. . 94 14... 66 15 56 16 84 17... 74 18... 104 108 94 99 207 68 19 58 64 20 52 41 26 22 20 32 53 77 114 420 291 129 59 21 166 143 127 104 106 85 79 76 68 71 53 22 55 23 50 24 610 523 580 373 920 238 610 • 580 143 25 134 26 121 84 143 27 22 121 108 94 74 88 87 85 m 53 28 19 20 19 17 66 29 84 30 114 31 67 -. Oct. Nov. 179 420 395 310 291 310 330 291 291 272 201 445 195 350 207 310 192 291 166 272 148 272 136 272 116 670 103 550 101 495 90 470 90 445 495 445 2,720 445 1,240 445 790 420 1,120 350 1,240 207 790 350 550 523 470 495 395 445 350 790 330 580 310 420 291 Dec. 330 272 255 222 134 189 183 179 181 189 222 222 222 201 291 790 1,120 610 291 207 201 640 1,310 920 625 330 580 350 238 189 395 Jan. 320 262 228 228 210 245 320 320 Mar. Apr. 2,580 1,920 1,710 1,500 1,240 1,240 1,120 '.IS.", 675 410 388 342 245 1,990 1,850 1,380 1,180 1,500 1,120 735 920 1,050 1,640 1,310 1,310 1,050 855 855 675 855 1,500 1,710 1,780 1,050 735 735 920 855 795 1,120 855 675 675 648 592 May. June 510 410 300 262 262 365 620 510 460 410 510 342 510 262 228 300 300 262 228 I 210 192 855 795 I 460 795 22S 198 175 164 985 410 342 460 365 300 245 460 320 245 186 180 175 169 148 129 127 112 101 90 84 80 79 77 74 71 68 56 48 44 41 July. Aug. Sept. 20 20 21 25 25 27 22 19 13 22, 77 116 71 50 29 22 20 88 84 84 68 84 30 25 25 39 58 38 32 26 23 154 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield River at Knightville, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1909-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1912-13. 1 39 37 42 42 42 32 28 28 28 28 32 58 61 50 48 35 37 26 30 32 26 35 90 2,130 1,120 675 388 210 210 195 141 148 592 435 228 180 134 166 1, 570 920 985 280 280 245 795 648 460 365 300 245 228 228 210 201 195 565 365 280 228 175 198 164 198 1,180 565 320 855 675 410 280 300 320 280 153 198 175 228 228 201 485 460 320 192 201 201 204 210 410 410 365 365 1,240 735 1,050 855 1,120 460 320 620 1,440 855 485 538 1,440 675 460 410 388 920 1,180 920 485 920 538 410 538 388 320 342 300 245 300 280 795 245 262 262 210 195 177 165 158 151 146 142 138 137 135 135 134 134 135 135 137 140 142 145 148 153 160 920 735 510 342 262 245 210 204 175 410 565 410 388 510 1,380 1,920 1,120 620 538 435 1,120 985 795 620 675 735 1,920 3,440 1,990 1,240 855 1,440 1, 050 675 538 510 1,180 795 592 460 435 365 460 1,850 1,310 1,180 920 675 565 460 460 388 342 365 342 280 280 262 245 300 538 388 280 210 198 192 180 169 164 139 129 125 112 108 103 101 103 139 180 134 121 108 94 101 245 1,120 485 280 210 280 1,050 460 280 186 180 143 143 136 97 103 95 82 85 87 77 74 67 55 48 48 39 39 60 90 71 60 50 41 41 42 41 35 25 25 24 20 20 22 19 14 16 19 19 13 12 23 23 20 19 - 16- 15 20 17 19 18 16 15 15 13 20 26 49 44 32 19 14 14 16 18 16 12 7 8 4 7 10 16 14 22 26 17 14 12 12 13 16 16 15 13 12 12 13 22 44 33 17 2 19 3 16 4 14 5 22 6... 63 7 50 8 37 9 23 10 18 11 16 12 13 13 11 14 ,.. 15 11 10 16 10 17 9 18 12 19 15 20 16 21 25 22... 300 23 320 24 116 25 80 26 61 27 39 28 30 29 . 26 30 23 31 Day. 1913-14. 2.'.'.'.'.'.'.. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 30 164 280 150 1,500 240 1,240 920 95 58 22 56 156 342 150 1,000 1,710 2,350 675 87 106 20 94 141 365 300 600 1,240 1,440 620 84 116 16 84 131 435 275 600 920 1,120 510 134 97 19 68 125 388 2o0 600 675 920 795 226 68 24 50 125 300 200 500 565 920 1,310 139 80 20 37 121 920 250 400 435 1,120 735 94 108 22 38 125 795 200. 250 388 1,310 648 84 121 20 37 1, 570 510 200 200 365 2,280 538 77 112 17 39 1,710 365 200 150 320 1,440 485 71 88 12 38 855 342 100 12o 300 1,310 410 68 84 13 74 510 300 150 75 280 1.440 460 60 77 41 121 410 280 100 60 300 1,380 1,780 ^55 74 39 87 388 320 150 100 320 1,180 920 45 58 28 70 320 342 . 200 150 280 1,050 675 37 48 25 52 320 280 200 200 365 1,050 538 66 35 17 48 300 262 200 200 563 920 460 60 30 14 38 280 , 245 175 200 735 1,310 410 53 46 17 33 280 198 150 250 485 1,710 365 48 35 30 74 565 180 125 250 435 1,710 300 63 32 52 280 410 210 150 250 365 1,570 245 63 32 58 101 320 210 125 250 320 1.180 245 48 30 300 71 280 207 100 200 320 920 228 46 33 94 71 245 280 125 200 320 735 207 48 28 58 320 245 300 600 150 320 675 166 39 28 53 1,310 228 280 1,000 150 648 1,240 180 39 26 25 1, 310 228 204 1,200 125 2,130 1,440 172 32 25 25 538 228 153 1,200 150 3,840 1,120 151 42 25 25 365 342 200 1, 200 1,780 985 125 48 22 226 280 320 180 1,200 1,240 1,120 118 63 26 245 210 170 1 500 1, 050 10S 23 84 WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN 155 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West field River at Knightville, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1909-1915— Continued. Day. 1914-15 2..... 6 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 - 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 12 18 120 110 130 373 166 395 68 97 116 12 20 80 80 250 373 198 330 73 291 121 13 20 125 70 200 330 222 272 63 395 255 14 20 112 60 180 310 350 207 56 255 3,040 13 14 17 18 90 63 55 50 160 250 291 291 183 172 207 222 52 '- 55 169 207 1,920 985 14 20 48 600 640 272 523 207 61 139 920 12 20 192 580 495 395 523 207 61 1,640 495 14 19 92 373 350 291 610 222 61 1,920 395 14 23 71 272 272 291 640 183 46 730 610 15 20 48 330 255 255 1,780 158 44 350 373 12 23 32 395 222 238 1,920 146 37 445 • 291 13 22 24 640 255 195 1,050 134 35 395 395 14 19 105 470 255 222 640 134 34 272 291 13 30 90 255 222 222 550 121 40 181 207 18 169 80 255 1,500 195 445 104 63 148 222 49 153 60 195 790 192 395 116 84 136 207 74 97 60 523 420 183 350 129 87 129 166 63 99 55 1,990 330 164 330 121 73 129 146 58 90 35 985 272 198 310 110 92 1,240 139 44 45 50 373 272 222 272 103 104 373 116 38 60 65 291 272 195 255 255 73 550 445 28 70 35 291 291 238 238 201 66 350 1,180 23 70 30 495 670 272 238 156 61 238 470 20 55 20 373 3,920 310 222 125 46 179 445 19 70 15 291 1,850 470 201 121 68 158 330 20 65 15 255 985 272 201 129 53 174 222 23 75 15 222 580 272 183 112 67 174 192 17 95 50 174 222 201 94 55 192 207 16 110 125 150 156 272 88 48 179 238 13 120 120 164 74 139 291 Sept. 222 183 161 141 129 118 118 116 108 101 92 80 82 172 151 179 445 183 127 108 108 238 146 112 101 Note. — Discharge determined from a fairly well defined rating curve. Discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 16, 1909 to Jan. 21, 1910; Feb. 9-27, 1910; Dec. 3, 1910 to Mar. 23, 1911; Jan. 9 to Mar. 14, 1912; Feb. 8-27, 1913; Dec. 29, 1913, to Mar. 1, 1914; Nov. 21 to Dec. 2, 1914: Dec. 14, 1914 to Jan. 7, 1915; and Jan. 30 to Feb. 6, 1915. Estimates Feb. 8-27, 1913; Dec. 29, 1913, to Mar. 1, 1914; Nov. 21 to Dec. 2, 1914; Dec. 14, 1914, to Jan. 7. 1915; and Jan. 30 to Feb. 6, 1915, based on comparison with records at other stations in the Westfield River basin. Monthly discharge of Westfield River at Knightville, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1909-1915. [Drainage area, 162 square miles. Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Accu- racy. 1909. August 26-31 610 26 21 29.7 75.1 0.183 .464 0.04 .52 c September B 1909-10. October 88 82 272 5,130 2, 130 1,990 2, 2S0 610 1,310 101 74 670 45 48 53 65.9 59.8 a 107 a 573 a 258 1,200 573 245 355 44.4 35.7 90.2 .407 .369 .660 3.54 1.59 7.41 3.54 1.51 2.19 .274 .220 .557 .47 .41 .76 4.08 1.66 s. ;, I 3.95 1.74 2.44 .32 .25 .62 B November B December C January C February I) March 350 238 111 104 28 13 8 B April B May B June B July C August c September B The vear 5, 130 8 301 1.86 25.24 156 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Westfield River at Knightville, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1909-1915— Continued. Discharge in second- feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. racy. 1910-11. 33 855 15 19 24.1 141 a 85. 7 a 201 a 74.1 a 259 648 216 256 39.6 60.8 84.6 0.149 .871 .529 1.24 .457 1.60 4.00 1.33 1.58 .245 .375 .522 0.17 .97 .61 1.43 .48 1.84 4.46 1.53 1.76 .28 .43 .58 C. B. December '. D. January D. February D. March 920 1,920 730 1,640 60 420 143 C. April 291 67 60 23 14 50 B. May B: B. July C. B. B. 1,920 14 174 1.07 14.54 1911-12. 2,720 790 1,310 90 207 134 462 412 390 a 261 a 272 a 1, 020 1,020 422 176 26.4 42.0 43.5 2.85 2.54 2.41 1.61 1.68 6.30 6.30 2.60 1.09 .163 .259 .269 3.29 2.83 2.78 1.86 1.81 7.26 7.03 3.00 1.22 .19 .30 .30 B. B. B. January C. 675 4,860 1,780 985 460 41 116 73 C. 245 592 164 41 16 13 26 C. April B. Mav B. B. July C. B. B. 4,860 13 379 2.34 31. 87 1912-13. 2,130 1,570 1,240 1,440 920 3, 440 1,850 1,120 186 49 44 320 26 134 153 245 134 175 245 94 25 12 4 9 193 395 381 643 212 864 607 245 78.0 •20.7 15.7 47.4 1.19 2.44 2.35 3.97 1.31 5.33 3.75 1.51 .482 .128 .097 .293 1.37 2.72 2.71 4.58 1.36 6.14 4.18 1.74 .54 .15 .11 .33 B. B. B. B. D. March C. April B. B. B. July C. C. September B. 3,440 4 310 1.91 25.93 1913-14. October 1,310 1,710 920 1,500 1,500 3,840 2,350 1,780 226 121 300 55 30 121 153 100 60 v 240 675 108 32 22 12 11 194 38J 317 391 317 750 1,270 500 70.5 57.1 53.6 19.1 1.20 2.35 1.96 2.41 1.96 4.63 7.84 3.09 .435 .352 .331 .118 1.38 2.62 2.26 2.78 2.04 5.34 8.75 3.56 .49 .41 .38 .13 B. November B. B. D. D. March C. April C. B. B. July B. August B. C. 3,840 11 360 2.22 30.14 1914-15. October 74 169 192 1,990 3,920 470 1, 920 395 104 1,920 3,040 445 12 17 15 50 130 156 166 74 34 97 116 68 23.3 54.4 68.5 365 582 260 455 167 60.9 386 498 138 .144 .336 .423 2.25 3.59 1.60 2.81 1.03 .376 2.38 3.07 .852 .17 .37 .49 2.59 3.74 1.84 3.14 1.19 .42 2.74 3.54 .95 C. B. B. B. February B. A. A.. A. B. July ■ A. A. A. The year 3,920 12 253 1.56 21.18 a Mean discharge estimated, on account of ice, by comparison with records of other stations. WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. 157 Days of deficiency in discharge of West field River at Knightville, Mass., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915. Dis- charge in second- feet. Theoret- ical horse- power per foot of fall. Days of deficiency in discharge. 1909-10 1910-11 1911-12 1912-13 1913-14 1914-15 10 15 20 30 40 ■ 50 100 150 200 300 400 600 800 1,000 1,500 2,500 4,000 5,500 1.1 1.7 2.3 3.4 4.6 5.7 11.4 17.0 22.7 34.1 45.5 68.2 90.9 114 170 284 455 1 5 9 22 59 89 188 219 233 275 299 315 325 331 351 363 3fi4 5 29 58 84 101 114 137 173 201 244 272 310 327 339 356 364 365 2 IS 56 76 S4 215 262 283 305 315 341 355 361 363 365 5 47 64 74 105 123 159 211 248 298 321 335 353 363 365 366 20 30 53 77 89 134 161 184 235 I 273 292 311 321 351 364 365 15 28 44 53 63 128 177 218 291 319 338 348 352 355 363 365 625 365 Note.— The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the amount given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss which may be as large - as 5 per cent. WESTFIELD RIVER AT RUSSELL, MASS. Location. — At steel highway bridge just west of the railroad station at Russell. Drainage area. — 332 square miles. Records available. — April 1, 1904, to December 16, 1905. Gage. — Chain attached to upstream side of bridge. Discharge measurements. — Made from the bridge or by wading. Channel and control. — Bed composed of gravel and small bowlders; section rough ; position and condition of control uncertain. Extremes of stage. — Maximum stage recorded: 9.3 feet, 6 p. m., September 4, 1905. Minimum stage recorded: 0.45 foot, 7 a. m., July 24, 1905. Winter flow. — Discharge relation affected by ice; gage not read during winter months. Accuracy. — Rating curve not developed and discharge not determined. Gage heights are means of two readings a day. Discharge measurements of Westfield River at Russell, Mass., during 1904-5. Date. Made bv- 1904. Apr. 2 27 Grover and Clapp S. K. Clapp Jim* 1 3 22 July 29 do do do 30 do Aug. 18 do Sept. 16 Oct. 4 26 Nov. 29 Barrows and Norcross. . T. W. Norcross do do Gage height. Feet. 3.37 1.72 1.10 .98 . 85 .90 .90 1. 95 .99 1.30 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 4,990 1,330 531 353 374 210 224 1,030 249 540 19G Date. Made bv 1905. Apr. 5 15 25 May 19 July 15 . W. Norcross ..do ..do ..do Barrovys and Norcross. height. Feet. 2.81 2. 12 L.32 1.20 .75 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 2,680 1,590 735 480 107 a Discharge relation affected by ice. 158 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily gage height, in feet, of Westfield River at Russell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30 , 1904-1906. Day. 1904 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 2.8 2.15 1.1 2.2 0.8 0.9 3.65 1.9 1.1 1.75 .9 .9 2.75 1.8 1.1 1.4 .85 .85 2.2 1.7 1.05 1.2 .8 ■ .8 2.2 1.6 1.2 1.1 .8 .8 2.45 1.55 1.6 1.4 .8 .8 2.65 1.5 3.6 1.15 .7 .7 2.7 1.4 2.15 1.0 .7 .8 3.2 1.5 4.15 .95 .8 .8 3.3 1.7 2.45 .9 .8 .8 2.65 1.6 1.9 .95 2.55 .85 2.4 1.45 1.65 .95 1.4 .8 2.2 1.3 1.45 1.05 1.1 .8 1.95 1.25 1.35 1.05 1.0 .8 1.8 1.2 1.3 .95 1.1 4.2 Day. 1904. Apr. 1.8 1.75 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.8 1.8 1.85 3.3 3.5 2.55 May. 1.9 1.65 1.5 1.85 2.3 1.75 1.45 1.35 1.3 1.2 June. 1.2 1.15 1.1 1.05 1.05 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 .95 1.0 .95 .95 1.0 1.35 July. 0.9 1.2 1.05 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 .95 Aug. 1.0 .85 1.2 2.0 1.3 1.1 1.0 .95 Sept. 2.0 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.05 1.0 1.0 .95 1.0 1.0 1.05 1.0 1.0 1.0" 1.55 Day. Oct. Nov. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1904-5 1 2 3 j 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21.. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1.3 1.1 1.0 .95 1.0 1.15 1.2 1.1 1.0 3.4 2.45 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.15 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.05 1.05 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.05 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 .95 1.0 1.05 1.1 1.05 .95 1.0 1.1 1.25 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.15 1.05 .95 4.0 3.25 2.25 2.1 2.0 1.8 3.1 3.5 4.4 3.95 4.1 4.45 4.5 3.9 2.9 2.3 2.25 2.85 4.3 2.7 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.9 3.05 2.3 2.15 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.65 1.6 1.55 1.8 1.75 1.5 1.4 1.35 1.3 1.25 1.2 1.15 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.05 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.15 1.25 1.45 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 .95 .9 85 0.8 .85 1.1 1.05 .9 .85 .8 .75 .7 .95 .95 1.85 1.65 1.15 .95 0.8 .75 .7 .7 .6 .7 .7 .7 .6 .6 .7 .95 1.3 1.0 .6 -.7 .85 .7 1.1 1.05 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.0 .85 .85 1.2 1.0 4.4 6.5 3.05 2.0 1.55 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 2.3 2.35 1.55 1.35 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.75 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. 1905. 1 0.85 .9 .9 1.0 .95 .9 .8 .85 .8 .8 0.95 1.0 .95 1.05 1.1 1.1 1.65 1.4 1.25 1.1 1.5 1.3 "i.T 1.55 1.4 1.4 2 3 4 5 6 7 .♦ 8 9 10 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. 1905. 11 .8 1.9 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 .95 1.1 1.8 1.1 1.05 1.0 1.0 .9 1.0 1.05 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.3 1.1 1.05 1.25 12 13 14 .' 15 16 17 18 19 20 Day. 1905 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Oct. 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 .95 1.0 .95 Nov. 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 2.95 Dec. Note.— Discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 28, 1904, to Mar. 20, 1905, and Dec. 17-31, 1905. WESTFIELD EIVEK BASIN. 159 WESTFIELD RIVER NEAR WESTFIELD, MASS. Location. — At point known locally as Trap Rock Crossing, about 3 miles east of Westfield and 2 miles below mouth of Westfield Little River. Great Brook enters about a mile above station. Drainage area. — 496 square miles. Records available. — June 27, 1914, to September 30, 1915. Gages. — Stevens water-stage recorder on right bank; referred to gage datum by a hook gage inside the well; inclined staff used for auxiliary readings. Discharge measurements. — Made from cable or by wading. Channel and control. — Bed of gravel. Control at low and medium stages is about 200 feet below gage, practically permanent; at high stages probably the crest of the dam at Mittineague, 3 miles below station. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum stage recorded: 17.4 feet at 11.30 p. m. August 4, 1915; approximate discharge, determined from an extension of the rating curve, 17,400 second-feet. Minimum stage recorded: 3.02 feet, September 24, 1914; discharge, 46 second-feet. Winter flow. — Discharge relation affected by ice. Diversions. — Water is diverted from Westfield Little River for municipal supply of Springfield. The amount of diversion is added in the table of monthly discharge to give total flow of Westfield River. Regulation. — Several power plants above station cause some diurnal fluctuation of flow. Nearest dam is at Westfield. Accuracy. — Records good. . Discharge measurements at Westfield River near Westfield, Mass., during 1914-15. Date. 1914. June 27 July 22 Aug. 19 Sept. 7 Dec. 1915. Jan. 7 19 Made by- R. S. Barnes do C.H.Pierce. R. S. Barnes C.H.Pierce. R. S. Barnes do C. H. Pierce . Gage height. Feet. 3.48 3.37 3.22 3.17 3.10 a 3. 55 a 5. 22 10.39 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 184 165 117 122 67 182 393 6,810 Date. 1915. Jan. 20 20 21 22 Feb. 4 Apr. 11 13 15 Aug. 16 by- R. S. Barnes do ... . do.... do.... do.... do.... do.... do.... Hardin Thweatt height. Feet. 7.34 7.12 5.59 4.99 a 4. 46 7.94 6.94 5.54 4.28 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 2,950 2,670 1,360 1,040 566 3,620 2,540 1,270 573 a Discharge relation by ice. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1914-15. Day. June. July. Aug. Sept. Day. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1914. 212 352 296 220 180 252 316 495 380 244 152 140 168 188 204 168 144 126 126 212 119 119 133 208 152 119 119 140 164 144 300 200 175 125 115 112 84 80 80 75 70 75 80 75 10 1914. 16... 164 152 208 136 126 122 140 160 264 192 160 176 192 192 150 129 232 144 119 133 204 300 300 1.000 500 300 200 150 125 L00 500 600 60 2 17 80 3 18 75 4 r 19 . 75 5 20... 70 6 21 70 7 22 65 8 1 23 70 9 24 77 10 25... 77 11 26 70 12 27 212 180 216 228 77 13 28 77 14 29 64 15 30 64 31... 160 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1914-15 — Continued. Day. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 352 340 372 1,260 505 1,300 352 328 268 216 260 690 1,080 510 1,020 376 280 296 336 220 605' 960 535 900 252 780 475 296 180 530 750 530 780 228 660 4,500 320 160 475 810 620 690 200 515 7,550 228 140 630 840 840 690 105 610 2.500 244 1,790 1,550 780 1,220 600 168 490 1,910 304 990 1,220 840 1,190 630 248 870 1,400 192 430 840 810 1,300 750 208 8,200 1,020 212 212 660 750 1,470 636 184 2,030 1,120 200 188 510 720 3,660 550 176 1,120 900 208 336 520 690 5,440 510 168 1,080 720 204 2,030 545 605 2,500 420 144 1,160 810 304 1,080 505 636 1,670 410 136 810 840 276 690 720 648 1,330 390 204 625 666 240 480 4,140 600 1,190 348 204 520 605 180 455 2,160 607 1,080 415 200 440 595 180 2,300 1,360 614 990 415 348 364 525 184 6,.000 1,020 621 930 425 368 405 465 108 3,100 930 628 900 415 308 900 420 144 1,510 900 634 810 332 364 750 368 200 960 930 640 750 540 405 750 520 108 720 1,020 647 720 750 272 810 1,870 88 1,550 1,710 654 684 620 248 540 1,050 49 1,220 14,500 750 654 520 129 420 900 46 960 5,040 930 642 485 140 435 900 43 780 2,210 648 600 445 196 372 654 40 720 1,590 580 570 445 208 376 545 40 590 615 565 405 228 440 485 430 455 500 810 292 192 383 636 405 360 475 188 356 900 Sept. 1914-15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 , 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 61 61 64 80 84 67 07 84 70 70 i 1SS 94 84 108 101 160 140 162 84 70 80 70 70 70 87 80 98 136 87 77 101 340 148 550 140 385 212 348 260 224 248 129 248 184 133 208 119 208 112 160 129 220 94 200 91 224 108 284 115 126 336 525 475 425 324 324 385 320 324 316 300 280 272 316 296 328 319 310 301 292 282 272 263 254 245 236 332 376 320 288 Note.— Discharge determined from a well-defined rating curve. Discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 16, 1914, to Jan. 18, 1915, and Feb. 1-14, 1915; estimates based on gage heights, discharge measurements, and climatic records. Discharge estimated Aug. 22 to Sept. 5, Sept. 8-22, 1914; Mar. 17-23 and Sept. 17-25, 1915; by comparison with records at other stations in Westfield River basin. Monthly discharge of Westfield River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1914-15. [Drainage area, 496 square miles.] Observed discharge in second-feet. Diver- sion from Westfield Little River, in million gallons. Total discharge in sec- ond-feet. Run-off ^(depth in inches on drainage area). Ac- Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Mean. Per square mile. cu- racy. 1914. July 495 1,000 300 122 100 60 209 229 92.9 368.4, 345.3 359.9 227 246 111 0.458 .496 .224 0.53 .57 .25 B. August September B. C. 1914-15. October November December January February March April May June July August September 260 550 352 6,000 14, 500 1,260 5,440 1,300 405 8,200 7,550 660 61 70 40 140 372 475 505 188 105 280 268 236 113 187 206 1,010 1,710 720 1, 170 559 232 897 1,170 332 341.0 311.8 341.7 327.4 282.9 325.2 319. 6 324.6 337.1 344.9 324.6 328.7 130 203 223 1,030 1,730 736 1,190 576 250 914 1,190 349 .262 .409 .449 2.08 3.49 1.48 2.40 1.16 .504 1.84 2.40 .704 .30 .46 .52 2.40 3.63 1.71 2.68 1.34 .56 2.12 2.77 .79 B. B. C. c. c. A. A. A. B. A. A. A. The year . 14, 500 40 687 3,910 704 1.42 19.28 Note. — The effect of storage in Borden Brook reservoir not taken into account in computing the total discharge. WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. 161 MIDDLE BRANCH OF WESTFIELD RIVER AT GOSS HEIGHTS, MASS. Location. — At a single-span highway bridge in Goss Heights, about 1\ miles above the village of Huntington, and one-half mile above the mouth of the Middle Branch. Drainage area. — 53 square miles. Records available. — July 14, 1910, to September 30, 1915. Gages. — July 14, 1910, to September 7, 1912, chain attached to upstream side of the bridge. September 8, 1912, to September 30, 1915, Barrett & Lawrence water- stage recorder on upstream abutment on right bank; water-stage recorder is referred to gage datum by means of a hook gage inside the well; an outside staff gage is used for auxiliary readings. Discharge measurements. — Made from the bridge or by wading. Channel and control. — Bed of coarse gravel and bowlders; control practically permanent. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum stage recorded: 7.33 feet, July 8, 1915; approxi- mate discharge, 4,500 second-feet. Minimum stage recorded: 0.70 foot, 6. p. m. October 26, to 10 a. m. October 27, 1914; discharge practically zero. Winter plow. — Discharge relation affected by ice. Regulation. — Flow somewhat affected by operation of a small power plant about 2 miles above station. Accuracy. — Records good since water-stage recorder was installed. Discharge measurements of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss EeighU during 1910-1915. Mass. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1910. July 14 23 T. W. Norcross Feet. 1.03 1.00 1.54 1.32 1.02 1.02 1.89 2.10 a 2. 54 1.96 1.12 1.11 1.04 1.42, 1.41 1.47 1.46 1.98 1.88 a 1.64 Sec.-ft. 8.6 3.7 114 57.7 5.1 4.4 27.2 265 35.3 256 13.1 12.7 6.8 63.1 59.4 74.2 66.2 243 208 55 1913. Feb. 14 Mar. 26 Aug. 8 Sept. 6 6 1914. Jan. 2 12 23 Feb. 10 26 Apr. 3 3 7 May 25 Aug. 13 Dec. 16 1915. Jan. 8 Feb. 1 Mar. 2 Apr. 12 R. S. Barnes Feet. a 1.84 3.64 .92 1.09 1.09 a 1.62 a 1.58 a 1.99 a 2. 66 a 2. 53 2.52 2.52 2.00 1.37 .98 a 1.40 a 2. 86 a 1.79 a 1.94 2.92 Sec.-ft. 46.7 1,140 3.4 12.4 11.2 45 1 H. B. Alvord 0. W. Hartwell C. H. Pierce... Sept. 7 W. G.Hoyt 8 Oct. 14 14 1911. do F.J. Shuttleworth do C. S. DeGolyer W. G.Hoyt do do R. S. Barnes Mar. 10 Apr. 14 1912. Feb. 8 do do do do C.H.Pierce 45.3 33.8 58 36.1 440 428 221 52 5 6 G. H. Canfield Mav 22 do Sep't. 7 G.H. Canfield :. 8 9 do do J. G. Mathers do OH. Pierce Oct. 29 R. S. Barnes. 51.3 116 29 Nov. 20 20 Dec. 19 1913. Jan. 7 Feb. 10 do C. S. De Golyer do do C. S. DeGolyer do R. S. Barnes do do do 62 116 657 a Discharge relation affected by ice. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915. Day. 1910. 10. July. Aug. Sept. 7.8 10 7.8 7.8 23 16 11 8.6 8.6 7.8 8.6 8.6 • 113 94 196 122 •48 Day. 1910. July. Aug 5.2 7.8 5.2 7.8 23 23 12 11 14 10 7.8 7.8 26 29 Sept. 13 11 7.8 6.9 6.9 6.9 4.4 5.2 4.4 4.4 Day. 1910. July. Aug. Sept. 7.8 6.9 13 ao 4.4 °— wsp 415—16 11 162 SURFACE WATERS OE MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass. for the years ending Sept. SO, 1910-1915 — Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1910-11. 1 6.9 4.4 6.9 8.6 48 138 322 212 68 48 42 26 59 42 40 30 30 22 24 23 32 55 68 36 30 35 26 35 29 35 46 30 21 24 29 152 132 110 96 110 1,030 860 535 300 255 238 196 221 300 585 322 221 177 177 216 189 221 212 170 142 142 132 142 177 170 435 435 750 560 485 535 585 560 535 390 345 300 255 246 238 234 585 535 535 390 221 196 177 156 138 126 113 142 135 181 135 212 170 138 113 102 83 62 71 71 68 59 66 62 59 66 42 40 91 126 102 66 55 53 53 68 49 40 42 35 30 181 166 138 135 107 181 212 204 212 192 177 135 122 113 221 204 192 322 300 234 173 345 300 212 145 122 107 83 71 57 53 66 49 30 24 21 66 336 192 91 110 75 96 435 234 135 71 66 48 40 40 36 24 30 24 24 29 42 40 36 22 48 23 300 192 48 48 42 38 62 57 53 46 40 36 35 30 38 29 24 23 21 21 18 14 14 12 12 11 11 7.8 14 12 10 7.8 6.9 13 12 11 7.8 6.9 5.2 3.5 11 7.8 13 8.6 10 30 14 16 12 19 16 23 21 19 16 13 21 18 13 6.9 5.2 4.4 4.4 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.5 3.2 2.9 3.5 10 16 14 11 .5 .5 12 10 3.5 12 7.8 5.2 3.5 3.5 2.9 .5 .3 .0 3.5 11 12 13 11 10 8.6 7.8 10 8.6 7.8 5.2 3.5 48 16 13 11 5.2 6.9 11 13 12 12 26 46 62. 85 94 75 7.8 5.2 12 14 12 5.2 5.2 .5 .5 .4 16 7.8 7.8 7.8 4.4 3.5 3.2 2.9 18 16 46 23 12 23 12 12 10 12 6.9 12 11 42 2 I 53 3 j 29 24 4 5 16 24 6 4.4 10 6.9 7.8 8.6 6.9 4.4 6.9 4.4 6.9 5.2 6.9 3.5 7 18 8 13 9 16 10 85 11 91 12 78 13 75 14 57 46 15 16 59 17 48 18 26 19 22 20 19 21 16 22 ii 14 12 13 10 6.9 5.2 11 12 13 53 196 181 142 135 119 166 173 110 83 71 59 49 36 29 24 24 59 1,760 560 485 980 1,090 920 695 189 145 75 83 75 83 13 23 24 24 22 25 14 26 30 27 1,270 1,210 585 668 255 ^30 28 35 29 30 30 46 31 1911-12. 1 119 110 96 59 55 48 278 196 173 145 110 83 152 138 177 177 177 159 300 216 156 , 142 110 126 208 145 138 113 102 96 104 96 102 83 83 91 104 104 110 96 83 80 78 78 102 156 345 204 142 96 113 107 560 322 196 142 212 208 177 152 142 138 107 94 7.8 2 .. 196 3 132 4 75 5 30 6 23 7 21 8 20 9 20 10 8.9 11 7.8 12 8.4 13 7.5 14 300 1,150 1,690 920 668 640 585 585 560 535 435 322 216 278 159 668 640 485 7.5 15.. 6.9 16 13 17. 15 18... 10 19 8.9 20 8.6 21 8.2 22 6.9 23 8.0 24 7.9 25 7.9 26 8.0 27 7.0 28 7.2 29 8.0 30 8.0 31 WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. 163 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915 — Continued. Mass. Oct. 10 30 500 267 167 118 96 79 68 45 36 23 14 15 13 12 10 7.9 10 21 38 24 18 16 14 12 10 35 75 39 29 20 135 762 461 167 109 82 63 Nov. 46 119 89 65 47 43 50 600 350 400 100 100 90 260 214 130 106 96 84 70 66 62 58 83 146 99 85 72 67 63 Dec. 49 41 41 36 35 32 29 39 984 723 330 235 198 179 176 164 161 155 152 214 201 173 152 130 124 127 117 104 127 149 60 107 418 175 130 261 187 138 106 110 85 78 108 132 116 102 76 59 151 141 102 87 112 149 205 192 250 140 108 287 389 146 149 158 167 149 135 238 339 211 194 185 176 161 152 140 132 124 109 102 149 170 117 75 97 99 92 85 75 67 61 55 Jan. 228 170 343 348 188 143 164 519 263 167 Feb. 27 45 38 47 61 63 63 59 49 36 45 36 30 38 221 335 426 402 335 402 530 18S 70 G7 64 62 59 57 54 52 49 Mar. 164 47 384 44 221 42 149 39 127 38 119 38 218 38 278 39 214 40 138 42 194 44 130 48 124 52 130 57 107 65 84 80 80 106 67 485 70 72 65 51 530 38 314 99 221 87 211 80 201 57 114 80 119 53 90 57 55 57 49 220 175 125 85 75 70 70 60 125 175 140 120 130 456 599 260 173 124 194 201 605 1,470 672 322 252 274 80 1,040 667 294 201 135 131 127 117 97 122 107 92 80 67 94 140 208 149 112 121 130 130 112 87 117 736 695 653 339 298 Apr. 330 204 176 161 290 221 173 143 127 109 361 892 436 384 260 406 167 149 135 122 107 102 97 92 77 77 80 109 82 Mav. 426 905 451 314 256 221 256 599 1,220 503 426 530 426 314 314 294 357 530 647 775 617 357 275 221 195 426 503 370 310 335 36 33 30 24 20 30 33 30 29 29 26 36 41 39 36 27 26 30 72 286 310 87 67 104 290 149 102 256 204 182 164 June. 77 67 57 55 49 36 36 38 29 23 , 23 21 19 18 15 15 13 12 13 17 24 19 15 12 11 11 11 12 7.9 7.9 July. 314 476 40 30 294 21 228 22 204 21 173 20 155 14 204 12 678 11 335 11 238 11 204 14 173 12 155 12 141 11 127 11 112 11 104 8.9 87 4.8 78 4.8 57 4.4 42 2.6 3S 2.9 40 4.4 30 6.9 28 8.9 26 9.4 7.4 7.9 6.4 6.4 6.4 5.6 5.6 5.2 5.6 4.8 4.8 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.6 Aug. Sept. 2.9 2.9 5.6 19 12 11 6.4 12 16 11 8.4 6.4 11 23 11 7.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 5.6 4.8 4.0 3.2 6.9 6.9 2.9 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.9 7.9 6.9 6.0 5.2 4. 4.0 3.6 3.2 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.3 1.6 3.2 4.8 3.6 2.9 3.6 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.6 2.9 3.2 2.0 2.6 2.3 5.6 7.4 7.9 2.9 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.0 3. 3.2 2.9 3.2 3.6 4.4 4.8 4.0 3.6 2.9 2.6 2.9 2.9 4.4 7.9 7.4 6.9 6.4 11 11 8.9 7.9 6.4 6.0 5.6 6.0 5.2 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.0 4.4 75 59 27 17 12 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.4 5.6 4.8 3.2 3.2 3.2 2.0 2.6 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 5.6 2.9 3.6 4.0 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 2.0 164 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915 — Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 2.3 2.0 14 12 45 138 35 102 7.4 23 18 2.3 4.0 16 12 61 124 30 87 5.6 51 13 2.0 2.6 18 12 53 99 35 82 5.2 65 26 2.0 2.3 15 12 67 84 38 75 .4.8 38 1,180 2.0 2.6 11 12 77 97 38 65 4.0 30 646 2.0 2.9 8.9 17 143 82 61 61 2.6 38 256 2.0 3.6 9.4 65 260 72 127 53 3.6 19 208 2.0 2.0 11 114 173 84 130 61 3.6 919 149 2.0 4.4 10 38 117 75 158 70 3.2 886 87 2.3 3.6 8.4 23 77 61 179 51 2.6 176 84 2.6 2.0 5.6 12 57 59 570 38 2.3 80 57 2.6 3.6 7.4 41 63 53 710 33 2.0 135 39 2.6 2.6 7.9 338 67 50 256 32 1.2 117 61 2.6 2.9 51 238 57 45 173 30 1.2 61 47 2.6 2.6 55 221 221 47 135 24 1.4 41 38 3.6 41 29 238 576 41 117 23 2.9 35 35 12 35 23 335 294 38 107 24 4.8 32 32 17 19 15 879 204 33 102 27 6.0 30 24 17 14 12 840 161 30 92 23 4.0 26 23 17 11 12 416 143 33 82 19 5.6 112 19 11 7.9 23 256 135 36 75 14 6.4 35 19 7.4 7.4 33 218 130 32 59 53 3.2 67 127 6.9 6.9 35 221 143 35 47 49 2.9 38 173 6.9 7.4 20 286 388 45 43 36 2.6 30 80 5.2 10 12 218 1,810 65 39 26 2.3 33 72 1.4 17 12 182 530 102 38 24 2.0 24 53 .4 26 11 158 238 61 36 35 2.0 23 38 .6 51 12 135 158 47 35 23 9.4 23 35 1.4 41 23 107 38 35 12 6.9 26 35 2.0 29 23 80 30 75 9.4 6.0 26 80 2.6 14 57 38 8.9 18 77 Sept. 1914-15, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21......... 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 43 30 27 24 23 15 12 13 13 13 12 9.4 11 6.4 3.6 3.6 4.4 4.4 4.0 6.0 33 38 12 7.4 5.2 6.0 7.4 7.9 6.0 6.4 Note.— Discharge determined from two fairly well defined rating curves— one applicable to the chain gage readings and the other to the hook gage. Discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 4, 1910, to Mar. 26, 1911; Jan. 4 to Mar. 13, 1912; Feb. 3 to Mar. 12, 1913; Dec. 27, 1913, to Mar. 1, 1914; Nov. 19-27, 1914; Dec. 16, 1914, to Jan. 17, 1915; Jan. 30 to Feb. 15, 1915, and Feb. 27 to Mar. 12, 1915. Daily discharge Feb. 3 to Mar. 12, 1913; Dec. 27, 1913, to Mar. 1, 1914; Nov. 19-27, 1914; Dec. 16, 1914, to Jan. 17, 1915; Jan. 30 to Feb. 15, 1915; and Feb. 27 to Mar. 12, 1915, estimated from discharge measurements, climatic records, and information furnished by the observer. No record obtained Sept. 4-20, Sept. 22-24, and Nov. 7-14, 1912; discharge estimated by comparison with records at Knightville. Monthly discharge of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915. [Drainage area, 53 square miles.] Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Accu- racy. 1910. July 14-31 12 29 196 5.2 4.4 .0 7.82 11.3 26.9 0.148 .213 .508 0.10 .25 .57 B. B. B. 1910-11. 14 322 .0 6.9 6.71 54.9 a 30.0 a 70.0 a 25.0 a 176 264 78.4 84.4 13.3 20.9 36.7 .127 1.04 .567 1.32 .472 3.33 4.98 1.48 1.59 .251 .394 .692 .15 1.16 .65 1.52 .49 3.84 5.56 1.71 1.77 .29 .45 .77 B. A. December D. D. D. 1,270 1,030 212 435 30 94 91 D. 96 30 21 3.5 .8 13 B. A. A. July B. B. September B. The year 1,270 . .0 71.7 1.35 18.36 a Estimates based on comparisons with records at other stations in Westfield River basin. WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. 165 Monthly discharge of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915— Continued. Discharge in second-feet. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Accu- racy. 1911-12. 1,760 300 560 24 48 78 285 144 151 a 86. 7 a 86. 2 a 413 351 175 45.1 5.28 10.6 23.5 5.38 2.72 2.85 1.64 1.63 7.79 6.62 3.30 .851 .100 .200 .443 6.20 3.04 3.29 1.89 1.76 8.98 7.39 3.80 .95 .12 .23 .49 D. D. D. D. D. 1,690 750 345 300 16 46 196 C. 113 53 7.8 .0 .4 6.9 B. Mav B. B. Julv B. B. B. 1,690 .0 148 2.79 38.14 1912-13. October 500 600 418 519 485 1.470 892 310 77 19 7.9 75 7.0 43 59 65 38 60 77 20 7.9 2.9 1.6 2.9 51.6 129 154 183 72.0 264 205 71.1 25.5 6.13 3.77 11.8 .974 2.43 2.91 3.45 1.36 4.98 3.87 1.34 .481 .116 . .071 .223 1.12 2.71 3.36 3.98 1.42 5.74 4.32 1.54 .54 .13 .08 .25 D. C. B. B. C. C. A. May A. B. July C. c. B. 1,470 1.6 98.3 1.86 25.19 1913-14. 762 984 339 530 530 1,040 1,220 678 40 23 47 5.6 7.9 29 55 27 19 67 195 26 2.6 2.6 2.6 .4 74.5 179 139 127 102 241 446 179 14.1 6.81 7.43 1.51 1.41 3.38 2.62 2.40 1.92 4.55 8.42 3.38 .266 .129 .140 .028 1.63 3.77 3.02 2.77 2.00 5.25 9.39 3.90 .30 .15 .16 .03 B A. A. B. B. March B. A. A. B. July B. B. C. 1,220 .4 126 2.38 32.37 1914-15. 17 51 55 879 1,810 138 710 102 9.4 919 1,180 43 .4 2.0 5.6 12 45 30 30 8.9 1.2 18 13 3.6 4.72 12.2 18.0 188 230 60.5 122 41.0 3.92 105 124 13.6 .089 .230 .340 3.55 4.34 1.14 2.30 .774 .074 1.98 2.34 .257 .10 .26 .39 4.09 4.52 1.31 2.57 .89 .08 2.28 2.70 .29 B c December ' c January c c March. .". c A May \ B July A \. September A The year 1,810 .4 76.1 1.44 19.48 o Estimates based on comparisons with records at other stations in Westfield River basin. 166 SURFACE WATEES OF MASSACHUSETTS. Days of deficiency in discharge of Middle Branch of Westfield River at Goss Heights, Mass., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1911-1915. Discharge in second- feet. Theoret- ical horse- Days of deficiency in discharge power per foot of fall. 1910-11 1911-12 1912-13 1913-14 1914-15 1.0 0.11 4 8 13 2 2.0 .23 6 8 ' i 22 . 7 3.0 .34 9 11 17 41 44 4.0 .46 12 24 32 52 54 1 5.0 .57 16 27 46 69 63 10 1.1 43 59 96 93 98 15 1.7 88 83 115 117 129 20 2.3 109 89 126 122 147 30 3.4 163 104 141 142 176 40 4.6 206 112 162 164 226 50 5.7 238 123 177 177 244 75 8.5 277 158 214 201 279 100 11.4 304 195 242 226 300 150 17.1 328 255 295 266 324 200 22.7 338 294 315 291 334 250 28.4 347 314 326 309 344 300 34.1 350 319 341 318 350 350 39.8 355 331 345 330 351 400 45.5 355 333 351 334 352 450 51.2 357 336 355 341 354 500 56.8 357 339 357 344 354 600 68.2 360 353 360 351 357 706 79.6 361 358 363 357 358 800 90.9 361 359 363 361 359 900 102 362 359 364 361 362 1,000 114 362 362 364 363 363 1,500 170 365 364 365 365 364 2,000 227 366 365 Note.— The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table, allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, which may be as large as 5 per cent. WEST BRANCH OF WESTFIELD RIVER AT CHESTER, MASS. Location. — At steel highway bridge about 500 feet above the Boston & Albany- Railroad bridge in the town of Chester and about 400 feet below mouth of Walker Brook. Drainage area. — 73 square miles. Records available. — Station established September 30, 1915; several discharge measurements in period 1910 to 1915. Gage. — Chain gage attached to upstream side of bridge; read twice daily. Discharge measurements. — Made by wading just below mouth of Walker Brook or from upstream side of bridge. Channel and control.— Channel covered with coarse gravel and bowlders. Riffle about 300 feet below the station forms the control. Winter plow. — Discharge relation affected by ice. Regulation. — Several small power plants on the main stream and Walker Brook above the station affect distribution of flow at low stages. WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. 167 Discharge measurements of West Branch of Westfield River during 1910-1915. Date. Made by — Gage height. Dis- charge. 1910. Oct. 15 W. G. Hoyt Feet. Sec. -ft. 33.2 1911. Apr. 15 1915. Sept. 29 do a4.48 2.44 651 Hardin Thweatt.. 35.3 a "Water surface referenced to iron beam in bridge and later reduced to datum of present gage. WESTFIELD LITTLE RIVER NEAR WESTFIELD, MASS.i Location. — At the diversion dam of the Springfield waterworks, in the town of Russell, 3 miles below the confluence of Pebble and Borden brooks and about 3 miles west of Westfield. Originally (July, 1905, to December, 1909) a short dis- tance below Borden Brook near Cobble Mountain. Drainage area. — 43 square miles at original site; 48 square miles at present site. Records available .--July 13, 1905, to December 31, 1909, at original site; March 1, 1910, to September 30, 1915, at present site. Determination of discharge. — At the original site below Borden Brook (used 1905-1909) the discharge was determined by methods commonly employed at current-meter gaging stations. From August, 1906, to September, 1907, a 30-foot weir was maintained a short distance below the gage. 2 Since March 1, 1910, high- water flow determined from continuous record of head on concrete diversion dam (crest length, 155.4 feet), for which coefficients have been deduced from experiments at Cornell University; low water flow, less than 163 second-feet, determined from continuous record of head on a 12-foot sharp- crested weir without end contractions, the crest being 2.55 feet below that of the dam. Water diverted to city of Springfield is measured by a 54-inch Venturi meter, using continuous record chart. Daily record corrected for storage in a reservoir on Borden Brook about 5 miles above station, but owing to the time required for water to reach the dam and the natural storage along the stream the record as corrected does not represent exactly the natural flow of the stream at all times. Extremes of discharge. — Maximum discharge for 24 hours, 1909-1915: 1,490 second -feet, March 28, 1914. Minimum discharge apparently zero at various times when the water released from the reservoir was equal to or greater than the total flow at the diversion dam. Diversions. — Record of water diverted at station for municipal supply of Springfield included in records as published. Cooperation.— Data collected and compiled under the direction of E. E. Lochridge, chief engineer, board of water commissioners, Springfield, Mass. J Formerly described as near Blandford, Mass. 2 Results obtained by weir and current-meter methods are compared in U. S. Geol. Survey Water- Supply Papers 201, pp. 105-110, and 241, pp. 164-168. 168 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Discharge measurements of Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass., during 1905-1909. Date. 1905. uly 14 Aug. 10 Sept. 8 27 28 Oct. 13 14 Nov. 9 1906. Mar. 23 Apr. 5 6 23 24 June 22 Aug. 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Sept. 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 24 25 25 25 21 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 23 24 Oct. Made by- Barrows and Norcross.. Norcross and Lochridge do T. W. Norcross ....do ....do.... ....do Norcross and Lochridge T. W. Norcross ....do ....do ....do ....do ....do ....do ....do F. E ....do.... ....do ....do...... ....do G. M. Brett F. E. Pressey G. M. Brett . . Barrows and '. F. E do. do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... do... .....do... do... do... do... do... do... Gage height. Feet. 2.32 2.30 2.98 2.40 2.39 2.94 2.76 2.57 2.61 4.21 4.64 4.53 4.50 4.44 3.31 3.21 2.48 2.58 2.34 2.32 2.34 2.34 2.34 2.33 2.33 .68 68 2.09 2.04 2.02 2.02 3.28 3.00 3.00 2.99 2.99 2.98 2.93 2.92 2.76 2.75 2.72 2.71 2.72 2.60 Dis- charge. Sec.-ft. 32.4 23.8 82 26.5 25.7 85 59 40.1 449 594 587 565 555. 162 135 26.5 45.2 23.4 26.0 22.8 21.4 22.4 24.2 22.3 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.1 2.8 3.2 2.9 3.3 11.8 10.6 11.2 10.6 154 Date. 1906. Oct. 24 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 Nov. 23 24 1907. Apr. 24 27 27 27 May 17 17 July 19 Aug. 22 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 1908. Apr. 24 24 Sept. 25 Oct. 19 19 21 Dec. 1909. Jan. 1 7 21 Feb. 10 24 Mar. 9 Apr. 2 June 2 Aug. 25 Oct. 9 Made by- F. E. Pressey. do . . ....do.. ....do.. ....do.. ....do.. ....do.. ....do.. Lee and James . ....do Wood and Mention. . . ....do ....do ....do D.M.Wood Barrows and Norcross. ....do T. W. Norcross. ...do. ...do. ...do... ...do... ...do... ...do... ...do... ...do... ...do... ...do. ...do... ...do.... ...do.... ...do... ...do... D. M. WoOd. ....do Wood and French . ....do ....do ....do D. M. Wood. do. do.... do.. do.. do.... do.... do... do... T. W. Norcross . height. Feet. 2.59 2.58 2.56 2.56 2.58 3.28 3.28 3.26 3.02 2.84 4.20 3.12 3.10 3.09 3.76 3.71 2.03 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.72 1.70 1.73 1.73 1.73 1.74 1.73 1.73 1.72 1.71 1.71 1.71 2.85 2.85 1.68 1.88 1.87 o2.20 a 2. 40 a 3. 54 a 2. 61 a 3. 53 4.61 2.71 3.52 2.60 1.96 1.92 a Discharge relation affected by ice. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1905-1915. Day. Aug. Sept. Day. Aug. Sept. Day. Aug. Sept. 1905. 1 220 100 69.8 51.0 30.7 21.7 30.7 27.1 26.4 20.6 31.5 33.8 423 832 518 255 141 92.4 69.8 51.0 1905. 11 25.1 23.9 17.8 13.6 29.2 85.0 64.7 36.4 22.8 18.7 42.8, 276 272 155 85.0 67.3 64.7 92.4 93.9 77.9 1905. 21 15.6 14.4 12.2 11.6 64.7 40.9 27.8 24.5 33.0 51.0 39.9 89.4 2 12 .. 22 69.8 3 13 23 51.0 4... 14 24 40.9 5 15 . 25 35.5 fl.. 16 26 29.2 7 17.. 27 29.2 8 18 28 27.8 9.. 19 29 23.9 10 20 30 23.9 31 WESTFIELD KIVEK BASIN. 169 Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofWestjield Little River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1905-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov Apr. May June. July. Aug. Sept. 1905-6. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26, 27 28 29 30 31 21.7 21.7 40.9 30.7 25.8 22.8 20.6 19.6 19.6 18.2 17.8 203 89.4 59.9 42.8 34.7 33.8 32.2 30.7 129 85.0 56.5 41.9 42.8 42.8 36.4 30.7 28.5 2 6.4 26.4 24.5 25.1 25.1 23.3 58.7 40.9 51.0 62.3 51.0 41.9 38.1 32.2 30.7 29.2 29.2 35.5 33.0 31.5 29.9 2.6.4 33'. 8 42.8 42.8 42.8 33.8 33.8 32.2 32.2 161 227 180 339 203 147 147 339 563 272 180 196 538 745 545 364 30,0 1,060 706 322 244 183 164 134 115 141 141 117 102 76.5 69.8 90.9 79.3 71.1 68.5 79.3 69.8 97.0 121 92.4 76.5 61.1 48.9 29.2 19.6 17.3 14.8 13.3 14.0 13.3 12.2 11.2 12.2 18.7 16.4 38.1 210 426 213 123 85.0 61.1 49.9 40.0 41.9 88.0 73.8 58.7 46.8 57.6 58.7 36.4 27.1 20.6 16.4 33.0 83.6 105 93.9 66.0 38.1 28.5 38.1 29.2 23.9 19.2 16.0 13.3 12.9 92.4 48.9 35.5 93.9 46.8 29.9 23.9 19.6 16.9 17.8 17.8 15.6 12.6 10.9 9.8 8.7 16.9 25.1 16.9 14.0 14.0 12.2 13.6 15.2 12.9 9.2 9.2 20.6 32.2 85.0 39.0 27.8 21.7 16.0 25.8 19.6 16.0 14.4 69.8 42.8 23.9 22.8 17.8 15.2 11.6 10.6 8.0 8.2 6.9 6.0 30.7 16.0 10.9 14.0 8.7 8.0 18.7 11.9 9.0 7.8 5.8 4.8 8.0 8.7 7.3 5.8 4.8 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.6 4.6 5.2 4.4 3.7 3.1 3.1 2.8 2.8 4.6 22.8 27.8 38.1 13.*6 10.3 8.7 10.3 9.0 9.8 25.1 Day. 1906-7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 .., 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16.... 17 18 19 20 ;.; 21.. 22... 23...; "" 24.... """ 25 ..;; 26 27 28 ' 29 30 31 Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. 18.7 23.3 46.0 384 82.8 37.1 173 66.0 66.0 15.2 21.1 29.0 283 89.6 37.1 125 62.3 266 11.9 20.1 27.0 142 86.8 61.6 107 56.5 412 10.3 16.4 31.0 448 78.7 50.7 97.0 90.9 248 8.2 15.6 32.0 311 74.6 40.4 105 83.6 244 7.3 15.2 57.8 248 73.2 37.1 97.0 69.8 300 9.0 14.4 65.4 61.6 68.0 35.0 89.4 85.0 203 8.0 12.9 84.0 156 62.9 33.0 75.2 76.5 117 9.8 12.9 95.4 168 54.3 31.0 75.2 77.9 83.6 67.3 11.6 81.5 118 49.5 30.0 69.8 79.3 68.5 40.9 19.6 89.6 92.5 44.8 28.0 79.3 85.0 66.0 30.7 33.8 107 78.7 30.3 28.0 79.3 72.5 56.5 19.6 35.5 98.3 65.4 38.2 35.0 98.5 57.6 52.0 12.9 31.5 76.0 54.3 44.8 48.3 117 48.9 48.9 10.9 25.8 70.5 50.7 48.3 136 193 43.8 47.8 10.3 24.5 116 42.6 46.0 110 149 149 41.9 9.2 22.8 116 46.0 43.7 136 170 336 36.4 11.6 53.1 78.7 54.3 41.5 173 129 170 35.5 11.2 367 53.1 150 39.3 180 119 115 89.4 297 234 57.8 364 41.5 218 100 97.0 43.8 167 139 104 133 43.7 177 89.4 68.5 35.5 86.5 139 101 128 41.5 224 85.0 57.6 29.2 56.5 93.9 98.3 88.2 37.1 545 98.5 52.0 25.8 42.8 72.5 116 88.2 37.1 493 360 44.8 23.3 82.2 49.9 106 92.5 37.1 251 200 43.8 21.1 80.7 46.8 9,6.8 95.4 37.1 255 119 41.9 19.6 54.2 46.8 86.8 95.4 37.1 248 95.4 170 15.6 44.8 46.8 82.8 92.5 37.1 437 85.0 170 14.8 37.3 39.0 82.8 86.8 482 73.8 85.0 14.0 29 2 42 8 89 6 81 5 390 71 1 71. 1 62 3 27.8 162 8L5 276 53.1 34.7 25.1 21.1 14.4 12.9 12.6 11.6 11.2 10.6 10.0 19.2 35.5 32.2 16.0 11.9 11.2 10.6 12.2 9.8 9.8 19.2 13. 3 10.0 8~.2 8.0 10.0 8.5 5.7 5.3 6.2 5.3 5.8 6.4 5.7 8.7 6.8 9.8 8.2 5.3 6.6 5.3 5.3 4.0 4.9 6.0 5.0 4.1 9.2 7.6 4.7 5.3 3.8 3.0 4.9 4.7 4.6 3.1 3.0 2.8 7.6 38.1 32.2 23.9 14.8 10.6 9.5 10.0 33.0 42i8 16.4 12.9 10.3 9.5 10.0 9.0 10.3 9.0 8.2 8.T 230 458 158 79.3 56.5 41.9 752 318 170 SURFACE WATERS OE MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfleld Little River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1905-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1907-8. 1 152 90:, 9 71.1 141 85.0 62.3 61.1 696 328 164 111 119 85.0 71.1 61.1 51.0 43.8 36.4 33.0 75.2 58.7 47.8 39.9 36.4 32.2 29.2 948 1,590 1,150 692 336 10.3 9.2 8.2 7.6 6.2 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.3 5.0 10.9 8.5 6.4 5.8 5.7 5.0 4.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.2 5.2 6.6 31.5 39.9 23.3 19.6 17.3 16.0 217 213 885 552 266 717 1,040 493 308 224 217 149 119 100 89.4 75.2 71.1 63.5 89.4 75.2 62.3 89.4 75.2 6.8.5 79.3 71.1 58.7 55.3 71.1 55.3 14.8 13.3 11.9 10.9 10.6 10.3 10.0 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.7 8.5 8.2 8.2 10.6 13.3 12.6 13.3 13.3 14.0 14.0 13.3 13.3 12.9 14.0 16.4 15.6 13.3 10.6 9.5 54.4 56.5 62.3 66.0 68.5 66.0 75.2 93.9 552 570 266 170 158 147 139 136 134 127 125 119 115 113 119 ' 647 300 176 149 149 152 370 437 9.0 9.0 8.5 8.2 8.0 7.6 69.8 69.8 83.6 82.2 76.5 58.7 52.0 49.9 98.5 73.8 58.7 49.9 40.0 30.0 20.1 18.7 16.4 14.0 13.3 12.6 12.2 11.2 10.0 9.2 22.2 269 139 111 85 100 107 83.6 58.7 48.9 41.9 43.8 39.9 43.8 39.9 43.8 47.8 245 269 338 384 402 364 374 269 189 158 167 563 647 668 808 885 850 458 308 149 137 125 113 101 90 78 66 54.4 220 149 109 85.0 77.9 67.3 92.4 55.3 64.7 44.8 55.3 67.3 55.3 64.7 58.7 1,380 668 378 360 290 278 266 258 213 158 131 127 147 152 245 430 258 183 147 119 107 98.5 93.9 104 93.9 105 98.5 97.0 90.9 73.8 73.8 68.5 66.0 66.0 69.8 66.0 69.8 254 242 230 180 196 300 406 318 248 149 105 97.0 89.4 955 1,380 406 283 180 105 93.9 100 180 266 170 131 97.0 75.2 189 115 189 612 234 224 158 89.4 79.3 108 668 314 227 164 123 93.9 93.9 107 79.3 69.8 56.5 51.0 46.8 152 448 286 170 105 55.3 46.8 39.9 32.2 29.9 605 440 340 238 136 115 111 100 90.9 68.5 63.5 58.7 52.0 51.0 45.8 38.1 36.4 34.7 66.0 56.5 49.9 43.8 75.2 66.0 52.0 43.8 40.9 164 136 196 131 75.2 189 76.5 47.8 38.1 29.9 29.9 28.5 26.4 22.2 18.2 15.6 14.8 13.3 11.6 12.9 22.2 16.4 13.3 12.2 11.9 9.0 9.5 34.7 45.8 22.2 14.0 11.2 9.0 7.6 7.0 51.0 40.9 29.9 25.8 36.4 31.5 29.9 27.1 23.3 52.0 43.8 31.5 28.5 25.8 22.2 21.1 23.3 88.0 58.7 36.4 25.1 22.2 20.1 17.8 15.6 12.6 10.6 9.5 8.5 8.0 5.7 19.2 127 63.5 37.3 25.1 20.1 17.8 15.2 11.6 9.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.6 9.5 8.7 9.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 10.6 11.6 8.5 24.5 25.1 13.6 12.2 11.6 10.3 9.0 7.6 7.2 6.4 5.7 5.7 5.7^ 6.0 5.7 7.6 6.0 6.4 6.8 6.0 6.0 6.4 7.2 14.0 16.4 10.6 8.5 7.6 7,6 13.3 16.4 10.6 9.2 8.0 7.2 5.7 4.4 3.6 7.6 6.6 5.8 7.2 9.5 35.5 58.7 36.4 21.1 19.2 19.2 15.6 13.6 11.6 10.3 10.3 14.8 14.8 11.6 9.0 7.6 11.2 8.5 7.6 16.0 9.2 .8.7 8.2 7.8 7.0 6.8 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.2 17.3 18.2 15.2 11.9 8.5 5.7 5.0 3.8 3.3 5.7 4.7 8.5 22.2 88.0 43.8 38.1 27.1 15.2 10.6 8.5 7.2 6.6 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.3 4.9 7.0 2 6.6 3 6.2 4 6.0 5 5.8 8 5.3 7 5.5 8 '507*'" 780 570 402 213 117 90.9 93.9 107 111 107 117 61.1 42.8 37.3 34.7 34.7 39.9 58.7 808 605 234 147 139 153 139 123 117 111 105 104 98.5 95.4 95.4 5.0 9 4.9 10 4.4 11 4.3 12 4.4 13 4.1 14 4.1 15 3.8 16 3.8 17 3.6 18 3.3 19 3.3 20 3.0 21 3.4 22 3.3 23 3.4 24 3.3 25 2.9 26 3.1 27 3.3 28 3.3 29 30 37.3 13.6 31 1908-9. 1 19.3 17.1 14.8 13.3 340 721 218 80.8 61.5 66.2 52.5 33.7 28.4 25.1 74.0 48.5 30.5 48.0 63.0 40.5 18.5 17.2 55.6 60.5 73.0 62.0 50.4 43.4 35.8 30.9 23.9 19.7 24.3 18.4 14.2 27.2 198 113 77.3 55.0 77.1 204 145 119 165 147 123 162 150 92.6 1,020 500 536 574 609 552 342 227 161 4.4 2 4.1 3 '.. 4.3 4 4.1 5.. 4.1 6 4.7 7 3.8 8 3,6 9 3.4 10 4.4 11 10.6 12 6.0 13 4.9 14 4.4 15 4.4 16 4.1 17 6.8 18 8.5 19 5.3 20 4.1 21 3.8 22 3.3 23 3.4 24 5.0 25 17.3 26 38.1 27 33.0 28 28.5 29 25.1 30 23.3 31 WESTFIELD RIVER BASIX. 171 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1905-1915 — Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. ! May. j June. July. Aug. Sept. 1909-10. 1910-11. 21.1 18.2 14.8 13.3 11.2 10.0 8.0 7.6 7.4 7.2 14.8 12.6 10.0 8.5 8.0 7.4 7.0 7.2 7.2 I 6.8 6.4 ' 13.3 12.6 11.6 10.6 10.3 9.5 8.7 7.8 .2 6.5 8.0 8.0 7.6 7.2 7.0 11.9 9.0 8.0 7.8 7.4 7.6 7.6 7.2 7.6 8.0 7.2 7.2 7.0 18.2 13.3 11.9 11.2 10.0 9.8 10.6 11.6 14.0 21.1 20.1 21.1 23.3 22.2 43 140 167 82 47 39 42 20 54 30 36 31 23 21 21 18 31 36 40 43 43 38 21.1 22.2 19.2 19.6 23.3 20.1 18.2 16.4 16.4 14.0 13.3 13.3 16.0 224 152 111 75.2 ,. 58.7 . 52.0 . 47.8 i. 40.9 . 38.1 . 22.2 . 20.1 . 20 . 20 ■ . 20 L 18 ; . 16 . 16 . 21 21 17 10 16 16 15 16 14 13 12 12 4.7 7.6 4.0 2.4 1.0 6.1 8.2 33 34 33 38 28 34 54 78 67 183 188 85 83 36 38 49 54 31 44 34 33 34 30 25 31 23 11 15 18 5.5 14 17 11 44 90 121 46 40 22 30 18 33 24 28 19 25 19 17 17 3.2 6.6 30 20 16 24 23 25 25 19 18 15 22 17 18 26 20 22 28 21 21 29 20 20 28 23 31 40 55 32 31 32 31 32 47 140 93 148 650 405 260 223 169 131 112 95 663 505 268 184 170 164 158 221 210 148 124 117 161 220 195 146 134 121 133 111 115 70 59 51 32 161 101 94 65 122 321 ...246 72 127 59 99 48 112 53 111 78 ; 93 56 j 63 64 51 61 35 57 I 29 52 ! 27 46 27 40 45 38 32 32 138 109 137 121 34 33 21 117 141 84 36 60 33 43 76 57 37 20 29 17 74 116 65 357 66 214 123 75 20 so 365 245 128 84 07 n 40 27 22 19 IS is 30 20 20 2d 37 16 20 8.3 22 42 15 16 34 18 17 20 21 20 15 4.7 .4.6 4.6 5.8 11 20 12 13 3.9 5.8 7.2 31 4.3 38 .82 01 20 37 19 19 14 7.9 9.5 13 6.6 9.6 I. 11 |. 4.7 3.4 7.1 15 3.1 16 16 1.5 5.2 18 15 14 11 Id 18 8.0 i 71 11 | 25 22 14 17 I 16 17 | 16 2.1 9.0 16 30 13 27 4.8 26 5.6 30 8.2 20 8.1 56 22 33 21 33 137 55 110 83 115 172 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS, Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield Little River near years ending Sept. 30, 1905-1915 — Continued. Mass., for the Day. 1911-12. 1912-13. Oct. 104 270 158 150 139 94 144 128 89 67 59 43 48 33 42 30 38 665 1,280 553 710 806 636 325 341 175 155 128 107 101 8.5 9.7 3.1 3.7 7.0 1.4 3.0 3.0 1.0 1.1 8.2 6.5 5.9 1.1 2.1 123 303 192 146 94 72 44 45 41 Nov. 103 118 79 76 93 195 139 113 85 73 80 93 92 167 136 116 188 310 209 129 124 163 185 114 91 92 113 128 50 82 53 35 33 40 193 364 188 133 76 78 72 143 137 100 75 64 62 55 42 40 130 102 40 Dec. 101 83 79 78 67 174 226 165 123 76 74 140 352 209 171 115 175 138 105 102 110 52 82 190 123 84 160 155 110 70 72 56 59 40 42 48 102 59 45 122 110 47 52 44 35 45 191 183 120 461 521 Jan. 58 51 97 52 61 52 70 73 50 46 45 50 72 73 70 46 81 258 119 99 79 57 31 41 40 98 96 122 96 316 170 265 315 181 139 157 504 368 203 164 243 192 136 116 102 119 154 136 112 142 122 111 135 125 Feb. 105 94 97 104 92 101 91 226 325 266 216 208 205 355 280 216 24 23 23 51 76 170 86 47 40 50 120 Mar. 162 167 134 123 120 121 119 122 156 154 136 140 628 397 693 1,310 923 855 913 763 401 194 134 121 118 101 130 557 555 :: 155 118 80 65 51 43 40 40 48 101 112 154 111 273 357 314 200 137 121 187 224 190 145 172 204 1,120 524 279 226 Apr. 392 538 626 305 251 377 605 489 278 211 215 182 180 140 133 250 240 275 288 207 158 139 165 143 141 112 98 95 94 168 175 141 115 110 130 119 108 95 69 63 225 469 306 235 189 134 102 94 78 64 66 62 55 41 37 156 167 120 May. 164 119 96 84 81 187 193 152 159 155 130 110 113 104 105 277 353 217 127 102 80 SI 115 87 54 463 24 25 24 24 22 25 29 26 29 23 29 33 138 389 206 107 64 217 485 241 112 June. 142 114 85 67 60 62 55 43 35 30 27 26 25 22 20 20 19 19 17 19 21 14 4.2 14 65 47 49 39 32 29 32 38 30 23 21 19 18 17 15 17 2.4 5.8 6.3 22 15 5.9 8.4 4.5 9.5 .1 20 14 July. 12 10 3.9 3.3 3.0 3.4 2.9 10 7.5 2.0 2!9 3.0 4.8 9.7 8.3 16 25 16 16 13 5.4 5.6 3.2 3.7 4.0 2.7 2.0 1.4 'i.T 1.5 1.2 15 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.4 2.4 1.8 2.3 12 5.1 4.0 3.4 Aug. 6.2 8.5 10 7.3 8.7 7.0 5.5 6.1 8.1 6.1 20 8.0 4.7 3.9 7.2 20 26 37 22 L 6 17 17 12 12 2.3 7.9 15 1.1 2.4 2.1 5.4 .5 1.4 3.0 1.2 1.4 4.5 2.3 .3 2.6 .5 3.4 3.2 1.8 4.2 1.4 1.6 1.0 27 7.0 4.1 WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. 173 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1905-1915 — Continued. Day. 1913-14. 1914-15. Oct. Nov. Dec. 65 31 19 15 13 7.3 5.2 5.6 6.9 19 35 38 19 18 27 14 14 7.0 40 60 26 872 801 314 168 106 1.5 2.4 1.2 2.5 18 13 50 51 45 42 31 28 35 66 649 485 226 149 115 90 94 87 59 81 95 144 111 105 87 62 62 45 51 50 126 124 12 14 78 95 40 151 142 49 95 1)2 142 70 79 49 2!) 22 28 1.0 1.6 .7 11 1.0 110 96 102 79 73 52 224 252 155 93 97 19 28 23 33. 16 14 14 22 14 14 23 14 11 29 27 9.9 3.3 3.6 15 20 24 15 15 14 24 6.9 1.6 2.2 40 17 25 Jan. 44 37 48 44 40 34 34 35 35 34 25 26 23 26 19 19 47 60 46 28 26 27 26 46 150 84 70 75 81 219 259 0.5 15 20 3.2 4.3 14 326 158 101 49 37 185 533 232 149 105 130 807 925 413 157 99 193 266 152 110 93 Feb. 146 126 96 74 62 283 303 153 120 89 73 81 76 49 300 652 258 138 111 98 95 83 108 658 1,850 546 247 148 Mar. 129 736 360 274 182 165 147 122 63 66 217 720 1,490 598 317 274 114 80 70 55 68 55 53 55 55 52 52 50 49 52 42 41 39 41 36 21 31 32 58 40 70 66 52 38 35 39 II Apr. May 530 316 265 212 173 194 441 747 340 271 330 323 214 195 242 370 411 369 453 450 292 214 147 134 385 427 257 206 171 37 31 50 70 123 140 136 102 177 133 118 110 101 94 93 64 77 77 78 70 70 62 59 58 222 163 129 117 102 299 229 215 155 136 113 84 146 373 224 152 113 99 79 70 60 57 43 42 35 34 June. 15 17 18 19 26 10 14 23 20 19 22 21 6.0 4.3 25 20 19 20 20 10 4.2 2.4 .2 Julv. 29 25 5.0 22 18 20 16 16 228 24 145 19 115 16 126 15 119 13 103 13 101 15 131 17 123 15 101 15 85 15 70 4.5 63 3.6 57 11 50 16 42 73 49 125 51 112 41 62 36 120 48 117 126 42 102 38 80 31 61 25 59 21 57 22 50 19 42 14 35 16 26 15 19 41 19 15 14 16 53 33 23 22 17 5.0 2.8 7.1 .4 6.7 10 17 13 1.5 7.6 8.1 8.4 20 12 1.4 2.7 135 114 52 47 382 962 514 116 104 111 73 57 48 41 33 25 25 28 51 53 41 26 20 20 25 40 33 23 Aug. 2.8 16 11 10 3.9 2.0 3.0 17 15 14 2.3 19 20 26 »97 522 21S 160 103 77 54 49 43 78 50 4 2 30 41 33 24 22 28 134 236 129 96 50 49 38 38 58 50 Se Note.— Discharge Aug. 1, 1905, to Nov. 30, 1906, and Mar. 26, 1907, to Dec. 31, 1909, determined from a airly well defined rating curve. Discharge Dec. 1, 1906, to Mar. 25, 1907, determined from readings at v ?2J r an(i a weir formula. Discharge Jan. 1 to May 13, 1910, as published in Water-Supply Paper no. 321, pp. 121-125. was estimated from the flow of Borden Brook and is not considered reliable. uiscnarge subsequent to May 13, 1910, determined by subtracting from the total floW*at the diversion uam the amount of water apparently released from the Borden Brook reservoir or by adding the amount ol water apparently stored in the reservoir, as indicated by the elevation of the water surface in the reser- i oir. As no allowance' has been made for evaporation and seepage from the reservoir, the results show the natural (low at the diversion dam only approximately. For days when no discharge records are given, 'he apparent storage release was equal to or greater than the tola] (low at the diversion dam. Discharge record furnished by the board of water commissioners of Springfield. 174 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1905-1909. [Original site, drainage area, 43 square miles.] Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum, Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage 1905. August September . October..., November . April May June July August September . 1905-6. 1906-7. October... November. December. January... February . , March April , May June July .... August September . The year. October — November . December. . January — February. . March April May June July August September . 1907-8. The year. October..., November . December. . January... February . . March April May , June July August September . 1908-9. The year. October... November . December. 1909. 220 203 227 ,060 426 105 93. 297 367 162 448 89. 545 360 336 412 35. 9. 752 752 1,590 1,040 647 780 808 885 430 668 189 127 58.7 37.3 1,590 16.4 98.5 721 020 ,380 380 440 88.0 16.4 88.0 38.1 1,380 11.6 2S.9 41.0 136 17.8 23.3 67.2 11.2 12.9 8.7 6.0 2.8 43.. 8 51.9 288. 74.3 47.1 27.0 17.4 9.0 7.3 11.6 27.0 42.6 37.1 28.0 41.9 14.0 5.3 3.0 2.8 2.8 29.2 55.3 54.4 34.7 39.9 66.0 29.9 7.0 5.7 5.8 2.9 2.9 4.9 8.2 7.6 13.3 14.2 44.8 75.2 34.7 8.0 3.6 2.2 3.3 2.2 42.9 57.6 81.9 141 52.0 170 117 89.7 92.9 13.9 5.65 80.9 78.9 242 222 191 165 141 292 134 180 27.4 18.8 14.1 5.71 136 10.0 11.8 35.6 79.6 230 187 258 104 29.2 7.92 13.3 9.36 0.953 3.16 1.02 1.21 6.70 1.73 1.10 .628 .405 .209 1.34 1.90 3.28 1.21 3.95 2.72 2.09 2.16 .323 .131 1.88 1.83 5.63 5.16 4.44 3.84 3.28 6.79 3.12 4.19 .637 .437 .328 .133 3.16 .233 .274 .828 1.85 5.35 4.35 6.00 2.42 .679 .184 .309 .218 l.; 21.1 23.3 6.4 7.0 13.3 10.1 11.5 .235 .268 1.09 1.10 3.53 1.18 1.35 7.48 1.99 1.23 .72 .47 1.15 1.50 2.19 3.78 1.26 4.55 3.04 2.41 2.41 .37 .15 2.10 24.91 5.76 5.12 4.43 3.54 7.83 3.48 4.83 .71 .50 .38 .15 43.22 .27 .31 .95 2.13 5.57 5.02 6.69 2.79 .76 .21 .36 .24 25.30 .27 .30 WESTFIELD RIVER BASIN. 175 Monthly discharge of Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915. [Present site; drainage area, 48 square miles.] Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area)." Accu- racy. 1910. May 14-31....' June July August September 1910-11. October November December January February March April May June July August September The year 1911-12. October November December Januar y February March April May June July August September The year 1912-13. October November December January February March April May June July August September The year 1913-14. October November December January February March April May June July ....'.'."'.'. August September The year 138 389 42 61 28 167 54 188 33 650 663 141 365 68 137 237 663 1,280 310 352 258 355 1,310 626 486 286 25 37 52 1,310 303 364 521 504 170 1,120 469 485 65 15 27 49 120 872 649 252 259 247 1,490 747 373 26 53 19 15 1.400 (a) ( a ) (a) (a) 55.8 92.9 12.3 12.3 8.18 1.16 1.94 .256 .256 .170 (a) (a) (a) 5.5 3.2 18 89 17 (a) 1.71 39.1 15.3 50.1 21.1 93.3 184 62.3 79.1 15.9 23.8 62.8 .035 .815 .319 1.05 .440 1.94 3.83 1.30 1.65 .331 .496 1.31 (a) 53.9 (a) (a) 4.2 248 133 113 75.6 137 353 250 152 43.2 6.24 11.5 17.2 5.17 2.77 2.35 1.58 2.85 7.35 5.21 3.17 .900 .130 .240 .358 (a) 128 2.67 (a) (a) («) (a) (a) 37.1 94.9 115 167 49.7 209 132 89.7 20.8 2.4 3.5 8.2 .752 1.98 2.40 3.48 1.03 4.34 2.75 1.87 .435 .050 .074 .170 (") 77.8 1.62 5.2 33 19 27 59 134 16 (a) (a) («) («) (a) 100 115 78.7 57.0 65.9 232 313 110 13.1 13.2 5. 39 2.36 2.08 2.39 1.64 1.19 1.37 4.83 6.52 2.29 .273 .275 .112 .049 92.1 1.92 0.73 2.16 .29 .29 .19 .04 .88 .36 1.21 .46 2.24 4.27 1.50 1.84 .38 .57 1.46 15.21 5.96 3.09 2.71 1.82 3.07 8.47 5.81 3.66 1.00 .15 .28 .40 36.42 .87 2.21 2.77 4.01 1.07 5.00 3.07 2.16 .49 .06 .09 .19 21.99 2.40 2.67 1.89 1.37 1.43 5.57 7.28 2.64 .30 .32 .13 .05 26.05 1 0n certain days the apparent storage release was equal to or greater than the total flow at the diversion dam. 176 Monthly SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. e of Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915— Continued. [Fresent site; drainage area, 48 square miles.] Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Accu- racy. 1914-15, October November December January February March : . . April May June July August September The year... 18 151 40 925 1,850 114 767 228 125 962 697 78 (a) (o) 1.6 .5 49 21 28 26 3.6 20 19 («) 5.2 41.7 17.3 178 251 51.3 140 81.3 35.0 112 104 20.4 0.108 .869 .360 3.71 5.23 1.07 2.92 !729 2.33 2.17 .425 0.12 .97 .42 4.28 5.45 1.23 3.26 1.95 .81 2.69 2.50 .47 1,850 (a) 24.25 a On certain days the apparent storage release was equal to or greater than the total flow at the diversion dam. BORDEN BROOK NEAR WESTFIELD, MASS.i Location. — -At outlet of Borden Brook reservoir in the town of Granville, 2 miles above confluence of Borden and Pebble brooks and about 8 miles west of Westfield . Drainage area. — 8 square miles. Records available. — January 1, 1910, to September 30, 1915. Determination op discharge. — Flow determined from a continuous record of the head on a 5-foot sharp-crested weir without end contractions; results are then corrected for apparent gain or loss in stored water in the reservoir, but no allowance is made for evaporation. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum 24-hour flow recorded: 294 second -feet, October 21, 1911. Minimum flow: Zero at various times when the water apparently released from storage was equal to, or greater than, the flow measured at the weir. Cooperation. — Records furnished by the board of water commissioners of Springfield, through E. E. Lochridge, chief engineer. Formerly described as near Blandford, Mass. WESTFIELD BIVEB BASIN". 177 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Borden Brook near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1910. 1., 1.4 '"i'.2 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 13 6.5 6.5 13 • 6.7 6.7 13 13 47 34 20 14 14 14 85 152 93 132 57 41 59 85 95 62 71 45 9.1 27 27 18 18 18 46 9.1 37 27 27 55 56 85 135 108 40 40 60 97 49 15 "26"" 20 10 20 10 21 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 21 21 21 11 11 5.4 5.4 76 239 108 5.0 5.0' 15 20 16 9.0 18 27 119 64 46 28 28 28 28 28 47 48 38 19 20 20 20 39 30 20 20 20 20 10 20 10 20 22 22 20 17 16 13 10 8.6 9.0 13 14 13 12 11 10 9.4 7.5 6.3 7.8 8.6 9.5 11 10 10 10 10 9.8 5.6 3.1 3.3 6.8 20 20 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 „ 7.6 7.6 7.8 10 14 17 20 23 27 32 32 32 31 21 17 18 19 17 15 12 8.3 5.4 3.3 2.3 1.5 7.3 7.3 18 7.3 13 1.8 18 18 7.3 2 3... 1.5 12 4... 4.7 5 7.9 19 14 11 11 6.5 9.8 9.8 3.3 7.1 3.6 6 j 9.9 7 g g 10 9.9 11 12 1 14 13 25 11 . 15 16 ! ■--£ — 9.5 17. 3.6 18 . 19 3.6 4.7 21 182 9* 210 12 29 29 12 24 24 22 13 14 15 52 23 15 7.6 7.6 22... 2.6 23 2.0 24.. ..1 6.7 25... 26. 1 27 1 1.1 13 7.3 7.3 1.7 28 ! 7.8 15 3.1 16 29 24 30 2.9 31 1910-11. 1 8.5 26 43 36 1.2 19 1.2 1.2 1.7 10 20 2 7.8 7.8 2.4 9.3 3 4 7.8 7.8 '"i'.s 12 5 10 42 74 43 33 11 6 7.1 7.8 7 8 7.8 7.8 31 9 7.6 7.6 51 10 31 11 7.8 7.8 42 12 7.6 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.8 "io""" "io" 43 43 33 11 11 22 13 "*7*8* "'7.'8' 7.8 16 31 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 23 16 16 16 25 108 51 121 97 36 11 14 11 15 11 16 17 9.3 18 7.8 11 19 8.1 40 30 20 ..?... 20 7.8 21 11 22 .2 6.5 8.0 8.0 8.1 23 1.8 " H 7.T 10 21 11 25 10 10 10 10 11 26 7.8 7.8 7.8 11 27 25 7.8 7.8 2^ 29 11 30 6.9 10 11 31 7.S :::::::!::::::: 24 409GG — wsp 415—16- -12 178 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Borden Brook near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1911-12. 1 43 33 33 33 22 11 22 22 11 11 11 9.3 34 .6 1.1 33 22 30 18 14 22 11 9.3 11 11 "if" 22 11 .4 .4 33 22 22 11 "ii"" 11 9.0 8.6 6.8 5.0 4.6 3.9 3.5 3.5 3.9 3.9 2.8 20 34 34 101 120 68 58 58 58 43 26 21 17 16 11 4.4 24 44 64 64 18 19 13 10 3.4 3.4 3.9 3.5 14.6 19 17 32 30 47 98 65 45 25 26 46 64 46 24 19 162 123 164 110 64 44 48 62 97 105 73 54 51 86 68 60 60 14 31 12 31 46 49 29 34 62 54 24 42 14 14 16 8.0 8.0 14 14 17 25 11 17 28 13 19 16 14 .3 8.5 113 121 81 45 31 18 20 17 14 11 "*6.T 6.7 6.7 5.8 5.0 6.3 35 25 11 18 18 13 13 13 13 13 18 23 23 18 19 19 13 14 48 59 30 8.0 3.6 3.9 2.8 2.5 5.4 7.6 5.1 2.8 1.3 21 69 77 16 2.4 8.1 6.2 5.4 5.0 4.3 62 14 7.8 3.6 1.3 .4 .4 .4 .3 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 3.2 10 2 11 3 11 4 5 6 9.3 7 8 9 11 11 11 11 10 11 8.7 15 15 19 41 30 30 63 41 41 41 30 41 19 19 8.6 ""7*9" 8.6 13 11 22 0.2 12 13 11 11 14 14 22 11 43 30 33 22 40 11 55 65 17 33 33 22 11 22 33 33 11 22 11 11 11 11 11 11 "ii" ........ 11 "ii"' 11 11 15 11 11 11 16 11 17 9.3 146 128 75 294 281 255 198 83 9.3 19 9.3 9.3 19 6.7 18 10 19 4.4 2.2 ....... 11 11 45 9.3 .9 20 10 21 .8 .9 22 10 23 24 17 25 11 11 11 "ii"" 19 9.3 5.8 11 9.5 6.4 8.2 26 6.7 9.1 8.2 6.7 18 27 1.6 28 10 29 10 30 7.4 9.5 10 .9 31 1912-13. 1 6.7 6.7 8.2 8.2 20 11 9.3 58 35 28 28 12 15 47 25 33 15 15 15 15 15 19 19 22 36 15 18 18 17 29 12 19 16 13 11 11 10 ""5.'6* 5.0 4.3 3.1 2.8 2.2 1.7 1.7 9.5 17 13 11 3.8 17 13 11 3.1 7.2 4.6 2.8 2.3 2.6 4.3 3.6 2 5.6 3 4 5i 6 11 90 101 40 42 9.3 22 20 42 11 11 11 11 11 9.3 1.4 ' 7... 7.0 8 9 2.9 10 11 12 1.4 3.9 13 . 15 14 15.............. 2.9 2.2 16 14 17 4.4 18 1.4 19 10 5.7 90 78 41 25 12 103 62 44 21 1.1 18 20 .. .1 21 14 22 1.9 9.3 23 78 59 29 39 31 31 9.3 11 9.3 11 22 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 22 22 11 57 46 24 2.7 9.3 25 2.9 26 5.6 3.8 27 28 5.3 29 22 8.2 4.5 30 5.2 17 31 1.4 WESTFIELD KIVER BASIN. 179 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Borden Brook near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1913-14. 1 22 11 22 11 11 8.6 7.2 6.7 6.7 7.2 7.6 7.2 6.2 5.8 6.4 6.3 4.2 2.8 34 48 29 30 26 24 11 16 14 3.5 9.7 6.7 21 14 9.5 94 82 56 54 48 30 33 29 15 22 19 6.9 14 13 1G 24 37 26 26 24 13 19 17 16 16 65 255 218 117 66 68 21.7 102 99 64 60 38 40 44 172 132 85 66 65 62 39 44 44 78 76 73 116 82 45 42 23 43 76 76 53 '39 29 30 16 20 16 85 75 39 30 35 37 17 64 55 40 28 19 21 16 14 12 11 8.2 4.3 4.6 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.1 2 11 9.3 9.3 3 22 4 5 6 7 9.3 29 161 80 40 20 20 9.3 20 20 87 43 32 22 ,22 11 11 8 11 11 9 10 11 14 5.8 9.3 12 13 3.0 14 15 7.1 .4 6.7 16 9.3 11 11 9.3 9.3 "*9.3" 9.3 9.3 19 9.3 19 2.7 18 9.5 9.5 17 8.6 4.2 3.9 4.3 6.6 5.8 5.0 16 20 20 19 17 16 38 47 o!5 9.8 .7 3.2 2.0 5.5 7.2 6.7 6.7 6.2 5.4 5.0 5.0 5.4 5.8 5.8 5.4 27.9 18.6 18.6 9.3 9.3 48.0 38.7 20.0 20.1 18.6 10.8 9.3 20.1 "'77.T 60.4 40.2 20.1 20.1 9.3 10.8 9.3 20.1 243 245 54.2 21.7 21.7 18 20 20 31 11 22 20 11 11 ""9.Y 11 32 31 19 8.2 27 18 18 27 34 92 221 113 47 47 27 27 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 5.0 .4 29 30 31 1914-15. 1 9.3 29.0 25.8 9.4 15.6 12.2 6.8 6.7 8.1 6.8 5.4 4.0 2.9 127 78.2 37.5 21.2 10.0 13.4 "lih"' 76.3 37.2 24.5 13.2 14.5 3.8 3.2 2.2 2 7.7 3 10.8 10.8 4 9.3 5 10.8 18.6 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 22.1 11.2 11.2 11.2 22.1 12.8 .4 11.2 12.8 11.5 9.3 21.7 "io.'s" 10.8 10.8 21.7 32.5 21.7 32.5 163 88.2 37.2 24.9 13.9 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 14.5 .6 5.8 6.2 5.9 4.6 3.5 2.8 2.8 2.8 42.1 6 7 71.6 15.5 17.0 7.7 '"83*6" 20.1 65.0 26.3 17.0 34.1 152 127 54.2 27.9 9.3 37.2 26.3 27.9 9.3 9.3 18.6 9.3 9.3 9.3 4.7 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 4.7 3.5 2.3 8.4 9.1 10.0 7.3 4.2 3.1 "*4."6" "7.T 8.2 17.5 12.9 9.3 18.6 9.9 11.0 2.2 2.2 8 7.7 9 10 11 9.3 4.4 1.9 1.1 12 13 14 7.7 7.7 6.1 .5 .5 9.8 .7 7.7 ""*9."3" 6.9 1.6 2.0 9.3 "i'.Y 15 1.3 17.0 15.9 6.6 25.2 23.6 8.1 15.9 23.6 23.6 2.1 16 17 12 9 18 12.4 19 20 21 9.5 22.7 20.4 20.4 16.9 22 37.2 23 24 9.3 25 26 24.7 27 "4.6" 2.8 3.2 5.5 5.8 28 6.6 5.0 5.0 29 4.6 7.7 30 10.8 10.8 31 1 Note.— Discharge determined by subtracting from the quantity of water passing over the weir the quantity apparently released from the reservoir, or bv adding the amount apparently stored in the reser- voir, as indicated by elevation of water surface in the reservoir. As no allowance has been made for evapo- ration and seepage from the reservoir, the results show the natural flow at the outlet of the reservoir only approximately. For days for which dischargo is not given, the amount apparently released from storage was equal to or greater than the amount passing over the weir. 180 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS, Monthly discharge of Borden Brook near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915. [Drainage area, 8 square miles.] Discharge in second-feet . Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Month. Maximum. Minimum. Mean. Per square mile. 1910. 210 152 135 239 22 32 18 16 25 24.8 18.8 55.7 24.7 10.9 14.7 3.52 1.89 3.76 3.10 2.35 6.96 3.09 1.36 1.84 .440 .236 .470 3 57 February >. 2.45 March 9.1 8.02 3.45 May 3.1 1.1 1.57 June 2.05 July .51 .27 .52 1910-11. October 8.1 43 1.71 4.59 .00 7.94 3.34 20.7 29.3 9.35 12-9 .08 .80 11.1 .214 .574 .000 .992 .418 2.59 3.66 1.17 1.61 .010 .100 1.39 .25 November .64 .00 January .' 52 7.8 121 119 40 74 2.4 24 51 1.14 .44 2.99 April 9.0 4.08 1.35 1.80 July .01 .12 September 1.55 121 8.44 1.06 14.37 1911-12. October 294 63 65 33 45 120 105 77 62 7.4 10 18 58.4 21.8 21.1 6.98 6.41 30.4 41.6 19.2 3-24 .58 1.41 5.68 7.30 2.72' 2.64 .872 .801 3.80 5.20 2.40 .405 .073 .176 .710 8.42 3.04 3.04 1.01 .86 2.8 8.0 1.3 4.38 April 5.80 2.77 June .45 July .08 .20 .79 294 18.1 2.26 30.84 1912-13. 78 101 57 58 17 164 121 103 18 15 22 14 10.8 18.6 11.5 20.7 4.70 41.7 24.4 17-4 2.29 .70 1.78 2.03 1.35 2.32 1.44 2.59 .588 5.21 3.05 2.18 .286 .088 .222 .254 1.56 2.59 1.66 2.99 February .61 6.01 April 3.40 . 2.51 June .32 July .10 • August .26 .28 164 13.1 1.64 22.29 1913-14. 221 161 87 47 48 255 172 85 5.0 22 24.0 22.2 14.8 10.1 13.1 49.6 66.9 23 .18 1.97 .00 .00 3.00 2.78 1.85 1.26 1.64 6.20 8.36 2.88 .022 .246 .000 .000 3.46 3.10 2.13 1.45 1.71 6.9 23 7.15 9.33 3.32 .02 July .28 .00 .00 255 18.8 2.35 31.95 . U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 415 PLATE X A. HIGH WATER AT LAWRENCE DAM, MERRIMACK RIVER, AUGUST, 1915. B. WEST BRANCH OF FARMINGTON RIVER NEAR NEW BOSTON, MASS., MARCH 4, 1914. FARMINGTON RIVER BASIN. 181 Monthly discharge of Borden Brook near Westfield, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1910-1915— Continued. Month. 1914-15. October... November. December. January... February. . March April May June July August September. The year . Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. 25.2 9.8 152 245 22.1 163 29.0 18.6 127 146 37.2 245 Minimum. Mean. 0.00 6.59 3.60 29.1 40.1 10.7 21.0 5.56 3.43 11.2 13.9 2.70 12.1 Per square mile. 0.000 .824 .450 3.64 5.01 1.34 2.62 .695 .429 1.40 1.74 .338 Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). 0.00 .92 .52 4.20 5.22 1.54 2.92 .80 .48 1.61 2.01 .38 1.51 20.60 Note.— For months for which no maximum or minimum is given see footnote to daily-discharge table. FARMINGTON RIVER BASIN. GENERAL FEATURES. Farmington River is formed at New Hartford, Conn., by the union of its East and West branches. The West Branch, the continuation of the main stream, heads in the western part of the town of Becket, near Becket Mountain; flows southerly and southeasterly through Becket, Otis, Sandisfield, and Tolland to the State line at Colebrook, crosses the northeastern part of Litchfield County, Conn., and passes into Hartford County. Below New Hartford the river continues its southeasterly course to Farmington, where it turns abruptly and flows northeastward to Tariffville. From Tariff ville its general course is again southeasterly to Windsor, where the river joins the Connecticut. In the 20 miles from the head of the West Branch to Colebrook the fall is about 700 feet. The total drainage area of the West Branch above the State line is 103 square miles, of which 92.7 square miles is above the gaging station 1 mile below New Boston. (See PI. X, B.) The drainage basin contains numerous small lakes and ponds, and the river receives several tributaries from both east and west. The largest tributary, Clam Brook, enters near New Boston. The basin is fairly well wooded, and lumbering operations are steadily carried on, although the manufacturing of timber products is largely undeveloped owing to lack of transportation facilities. A number of small power sites have been partly developed, but most of the dams are low, giving small head and little storage capacity. A large amount of storage has been developed in Otis reservoir, which occupies a natural reservoir site and is fed by tributaries from the north and east. The operation of this reservoir greatly affects the flow of the stream, especially at low-water periods. 182 SURFACE WATERS OE MASSACHUSETTS. FARMINGTON RIVER NEAR NEW BOSTON, MASS.i Location. — At a highway bridge a quarter of a mile below Clam River and about 1 mile south of New Boston. Drainage area. — 92.7 square miles. Records available. — May 27, 1913, to September 30, 1915. Gages. — Barrett & Lawrence water-stage recorder installed June 11, 1913, on left bank on downstream side of bridge; referred to gage datum by a hook gage inside the well; vertical staff installed May 27, 1913, on bridge abutment is used for auxiliary readings. Discharge measurements. — Made from a cable or by wading. Channel and control. — Channel rocky and filled with bowlders; a slight shift in control has been caused by removal of rocks from channel. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum stage recorded: 7.64 feet, October 26, 1913; approximate discharge, 3,200 second -feet. Minimum stage recorded: 2.22 feet, August 27, 1913; discharge, 4.4 second-feet. Winter flow. — Discharge relation affected by ice. (See PI. X, B.) Regulation. — Flow affected by storage in Otis reservoir about 5 miles above New Boston and by operation of a woodworking shop just above the station. ' Accuracy. — Open-water records good. Discharge measurements of Farmington River near New Boston, Mass. 1915. during 1913- Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1913. R. S. Barnes do do do do do do R. S. Barnes do do do do C.H. Pierce..... Feet. 3.11 3.68 2.30 2.70 2.96 2.95 2.98 a 3. 38 a 3. 55 a 5. 31 a 4. 34 a 7. 50 4.76 Sec.-ft. 64 157 6.6 29.6 42.4 41.8 43.9 75.1 87.4 128 162 345 520 1914. Mar. 31 Apr. 9 9 9 May 24 24 Aug. 15 Sept. 10 Dec. 18 1915. Feb. 3 Mar. 4 Jvme 21 C.H.Pierce Feet. 4.96 6.15 5.60 5.00 3.36 3.38 3.38 3.45 O3.08 a 3. 82 3.65 3.48 Sec.-ft. 630 13 R. S. Barnes 1,540 1,120 644 100 102 104 Oct. 9 9 15 15 15 do do do do.. C.H. Pierce R. S. Barnes 141 1914. Jan. 6 13 28 do : R. S. Barnes 40.8 151 Feb. 13 .....do C.H. Pierce 151 122 31 a Discharge relation affected by ice. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Farmington River near New Boston, years ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915. , for the Day. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Day. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1913. 1 149. 128 108 92 76 76 89 103 65 62 60 158 147 53 74 100 58 19 84 92 95 90 92 128 118 132 128 128 126 126 118 117 117 112 113 113 115 112 117 112 108 102 99 102 110 93 26 12 14 53 80 79 70 62 60 56 57 54 52 40 1913. 16 115 108 112 112 112 96 36 53 102 100 102 105 105 102 99 124 128 124 128 126 120 118 117 120 118 115 117 126 39 115 118 128 132 130 130 115 113 117 95 15 40 96 48 106 112 113 108 32 2 17 35 3 18 32 4 19 32 5... 20 26 6 21 36 7 22 149 8 23 86 9 24 40 10... . . 25 26 11 26 26 12 27 28 29 30 31 105 186 650 309 184 23 13 21 14 20 15 23 1 Called West Branch of Farmington River in Water-Supply Paper 351. FARMINGTON RIVER BASIN. 183 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Farmipigton River near New Boston, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915 — Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1913-14. 1914-15. 40 34 177 940 950 521 315 213 156 G5 36 29 27 23 22 21 16 13 10 10 15 29 27 22 22 15 15 10 7.0 11 13 11 8.8 8.8 10 10 13 10 121 104 91 84 84 71 56 60 594 744 425 264 179 163 145 135 125 135 160 315 232 191 156 121 127 104 84 77 156 196 156 137 131 120 109 99 191 250 200 160 145 135 116 105 102 34 34 34 34 34 38 46 50 60 65 71 65 55 46 42 34 91 116 156 125 116 232 300 50 38 33 29 29 39 650 455 435 375 210 337 185 141 118 550 980 600 337 210 224 375 210 162 141 108 116 122 2M 315 21S 232 218 156 167 145 156 107 135 135 125 125 116 1(17 173 151 141 131 210 286 197 151 151 197 173 122 112 141 710 415 302 238 185 162 151 162 337 2,000 875 455 337 280 332 368 425 405 385 368 368 350 332 315 298 298 280 264 247 247 232 218 224 198 173 141 131 302 980 1,900 1,060 680 600 210 162 151 131 116 108 104 105 104 87 87 86 77 77 90 65 75 60 71 73 75 77 84 91 87 83 79 75 71 74 600 478 375 320 356 770 1,310 770 600 680 550 415 375 375 435 478 500 600 600 478 356 269 302 770 550 395 269 286 77 84 87 82 93 141 151 185 210 224 375 980 525 337 254 197 173 162 162 151 141 122 118 118 108 110 112 105 106 162 337 302 238 224 455 805 550 415 337 254 320 625 478 375 302 254 224 162 141 131 112 106 197 173 162 141 131 131 116 151 162 131 112 105 98 87 81 78 81 90 82 73 71 141 162 141 114 104 112 98 87 77 74 63 60 60 84 90 71 58 52 63 56 52 49 45 45 52 98 105 105 105 118 114 106 105 105 104 102 102 106 107 108 67 61 54 52 47 47 47 50 47 43 41 40 37 32 34 107 162 151 98 151 122 107 70 51 47 102 107 107 75 47 42 93 90 60 94 112 102 102 122 116 116 108 104 110 118 118 116 162 151 151 141 141 518 1,700 1,310 550 337 269 224 151 110 90 93 96 99 102 104 105 107 96 84 68 65 62 110 110 108 106 107 107 105 102 105 107 106 105 108 102 102 102 102 102 100 1UO 105 104 104 108 104 112 102 116 21 120 12 122 65 108 90 93 56 96 54 80 105 65 574 62 1,060 58 500 55 375 52 238 50 185 48 141 46 114 44 98 42 112 39 99 37 84 37 75 46 107 49 87 50 65 58 60 58 55 105 212 122 415 90 185 65 151 49 122 43 62 110 87 100 112 Note.— Discharge determined from two rating curves — one applicable Oct. 11. 1913, to Mar. 19, 1914, iainy well defined, and the other applicable for the rest of the period, well defined below 1,500 second-feet, discharge relation affected by ice Jan. 6 to Mar. 19, 1914, Dec. 16, 1914, to Jan. 5, 1915, and Jan. 31 to J?eo 12, 1915 Discharge estimated by means of gage heights, discharge measurements, and weather records as follows: Dec. 4, 8-10, and 15, 1913, Jan. 6 to Mar. 19, 1914, Dec. 16, 1914, to Jan. 5, 1915. and t? n Vn of ™ J; 1 '* 1915, Dis <*»rge interpolated Aug. 23-28, 30, Sept. 7-10, 13, 14, and 20-24. 1914. July 7, 17-19 21, 22, 24 Aug. 4, 22, 30, Sept. 1, 2, 4-6, 8, 9, and 11-13, 1915, as the water-stage recorder was not working properly. b 184 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Farmington River near New Boston, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1913-1915. [Drainage area, 92.7 square miles.] Month. Discharge in second-feet. Maximum. Minimum. Per square mile. Run-off (depth in inches on drainage area). Accu- racy. 1913. May27-31 June July August September 1913-14 October November December January February March April May June July August September The year ..... 1914-15 October November December January February March April May June July August : September The year 650 158 132 132 149 950 744 250 300 315 1,900 1,310 805 114 122 122 131 1,900 65 49 71 980 2,000 269 980 197 162 1,700 1,060 122 105 36 19 15 12 287 96.6 109 105 47.2 3.10 1.04 1.18 1.13 .509 ' 18 56 63 34 46 131 269 67 45 42 93 9.6 136 183 111 80.0 130 408 531 260 83.0 90.6 106 81.6 1.47 1.97 1.20 .863 1.40 4.40 5.73 2.80 .895 .978 1.14 183 1.97 7. 12 23 29 112 60 77 71 32 62 54 37 27.0 41.3 274 319 100 195 115 71.2 240 188 57.9 .215 .291 .446 2.96 3.44 1.08 2.10 1.24 .768 2.59 2.03 .625 0.58 1.16 1.36 1.30 .57 1.70 2.20 1.38 .99 1.46 5.07 6.39 3.23 1.00 1.13 1.31 26.84 1.43 .86 2.99 2.34 .70 2,000 7.0 136 1.47 19.97 TAUNTON E1VEE BASIN. 185 Days of deficiency in discharge of Farmington River near New Boston, Mass., during- the years ending Sept. 30, 1913-1915. Discharge in second- feet. Theoreti- cal horse- power per foot of fall. Days of deficiency in discharge. a J913 1913-14 1914-15 10 20 30 40 50 75 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 1.1 2.3 3.4 4.6 5.7 8.5 11.4 17.1 22.7 28.4 34.1 39.8 45.5 51.2 56.8 68.2 79.6 90.9 102 114 170 227 284 4 12 19 23 38 56 122 125 125 125 126 126 126 126 126 127 2 5 12 26 44 90 145 250 270 286 300 315 327 333 338 344 353 357 358 362 364 365 3 33 54 84 115 162 214 273 313 325 332 339 343 346 348 354 357 358 359 361 363 364 365 a May 27 to Sept. 30, 1913. Note.— The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table, allowance* should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, which may be as large as 5 per cent. TAUNTON RIVER BASIN. GENERAL FEATURES. The headwaters of Taunton River rise in the swamps and small ponds of Plymouth and Bristol counties, in the eastern part of Massachusetts. The main river is formed in the eastern part of the township of Bridgewater by the union of Matfield and Town rivers. Matfield River, which drains the larger area and is considered the continuation of the main stream, rises in the swamp northeast of Stoughton and flows in general southeasterly to its junction with Town River. Near East Bridgewater the Matfield is joined by Beaver Brook, which rises in the townships of Whitman and Abington, and near Elmwood it receives Satucket River, which drains several large swamps and ponds of East Bridgewater, Whitman, Abington, Hali- fax, and Hanson. Town River rises in Stoughton and Easton, flows southward into a swamp of about 7,000 acres, known as Great Cedar Swamp, and from this natural reservoir passes eastward through Bridgewater to its junction with Matfield River at Paper Mill village. 186 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Below this point the general course of the Taunton is southeasterly and southerly to the head of Narragansett Bay, into which it dis- charges. From the head of Matfield River (called Salisbury Plains River in its upper course) to Narragansett Bay the distance along the stream is about 50 miles. The principal tributaries of Taunton River are Wenatuxet, Namas- ket, Mill, and Threemile rivers, the last two entering below tidewater. Wenatuxet River rises in several small ponds in Plympton and Carver and flows in a general westerly course, receiving Raven Brook and Bartletts Brook from the south. Namasket River enters the Taun- ton near Titicut. In its drainage area are Assawompsett and Long ponds. Mill River rises in Foxboro, Mansfield, and Easton, flows southward into Great Cedar Swamp, and joins the Taunton in the city of Taunton. Threemile River rises in Foxboro and flows south- eastward, joining the Taunton at North Dighton. The Taunton is tidal up to East Taunton, where there is about 2J feet of rise and fall, and it is navigable to Weir Village. On account of the large number of small ponds and swamps in the area the run-off through the year is fairly uniform, except in the Matfield drainage basin. There are several power' plants on the main river and on the branches. The average rainfall in this region is about 46 inches. On account of the proximity of this basin to the ocean the winters are not severe. The country as a whole is very flat, swamps are numerous, and not much rock is found. The western portion of the drainage area is clay bottom and the eastern is sandy but fairly fertile. Nearly all the timber has been removed. MATFIELD RIVER AT ELMWOOD, MASS. Location. — At the Bedford Street Bridge in the village of Elmwood, in the southern part of the town of East Bridge water. Drainage area. — Not measured. Records available. — Discharge measurements September 29, 1909, to March 5, 1910. Gage. — Temporary staff; later replaced by a chain gage attached to the bridge. Discharge measurements. — Made from the bridge, or by wading. Channel and control. — Bed of stream rocky. One channel at all stages. Control not defined. Regulation. — Flow regulated to some extent by dams above the station. A gage-height record was obtained from September 29, 1909, to July 10, 1910, but on account of the variable backwater at the station from Taunton River it is not con- sidered a true index of the discharge and is not published. TAUNTON RIVER BASIN. 187 Discharge measurements of Matfield River at Elmwood, Mass., during 1909-10. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1909. Sept. 29 Oct. 1 P. M. Churchill D. M. Wood Fed. a 1.50 a 1.12 a 1.12 .70 .93 .92 1.22. 2.26 1.98 2.00 Sec.-ft. 34.4 11.3 11.9 6.0 5.7 6.1 6.4 44.6 33.4 33.1 1909. Dec. 17 1910. Jan. 7 22 Feb. 15 15 19 Mar. 5 P.M.Churchill P.M.Churchill do Bartlett and Stanford.. do P.M.Churchill L. W. Bartlett Feet. 2.53 4.98 5.90 2.83 2.79 4.90 4.72 Sec.-ft. 61.7 * „1 R. J. Coffin D. M. Wood 324 Nov. 11 11 15 P.M.Churchill do R. J. Coffin 642 70 66 29 Dec. 1 P.M.Churchill 328 236 1 R. J. Coffin || a Gage height determined from staff gage reading and referred to datum of chain gage by means of curve of relation. SATUCKET RIVER NEAR ELMWOOD, MASS. Location. — At a bridge about 200 feet below dam of Carver Cotton Gin Co., about 1^ miles east of Elmwood. Drainage area. — Not measured. Records available. — Discharge measurements September 29, 1909, to May 7, 1910. Gage. — Staff; later, a chain gage. Discharge measurements.— Made from the bridge, or by wading. Channel and control. — Bed of stream of gravel and sand; at some seasons covered with vegetation. One channel at all stages. Control not defined, owing to the vegetation and backwater from other obstructions. Regulation. — At low and medium stages entire flow is regulated by mills above station. A gage-height record was obtained from September 29, 1909, to July 10, 1910, but on account of the operation of the mills and the variable backwater at the station it is not considered a true index to the discharge and is not published. Discharge measurements of Satucket River near Elmwood, Mass., during 1909-10. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. Date. Made by— Gage height. Dis- charge. 1909. Sept. 29 Oct. 1 P.M.Churchill D. M. Wood Feet. 1.51 1.21 Sec.-ft. 27.8 14.9 12.8 5.7 9.3 6.8 67.6 73.1 74.4 74.3 168 291 1910. Feb. 9 15 15 15 15 19 Mar. 5 8 16 17 26 May 7 7 P.M.Churchill T. W. Norcross Feet. 4.09 2.01 Sec.-ft. 155 Sfi.n 1 do 1.21 W. S. Stanford 2.96 98.9. 21 do 1 1.09 L. W. Bartlett 3.00 1 98.1 Nov. 11 P.M.Churchill 1 1.17 W. S. Stanford 2.90 i 105 11 29 Dec. 1 do do T. W. Norcross 1.17 2.55 2.30 P. M. Churchill Bartlett and Stanford . . P.M.Churchill do Bartlett and Stanford . . do do do 4,09 1 155 4.88 1 220 4.63 1 191 R. J. Coffin 2.32 2.39 4.54 5.75 2.99 92.3 17 1910. Jan. 7 22 do P.M.Churchill do 3.08 123 1.67 59.5 1.35 35.1 1.35 38.9 188 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. CHARLES RIVER BASIN. GENERAL FEATURES. Charles River rises in the town of Hopkinton, Middlesex County, at altitude 400 feet above sea level; flows southward about 9 miles, then very irregularly northeastward 65 miles to the point at which it enters Boston Bay. Its drainage area comprises 290 square miles, of which 156.3 square miles is above Waban Lake. Distributed along the river are 26 dams, aggregating in height 202 feet, which furnish water power for numerous factories and mills. The principal tributaries of the river are Mine and Sheppards brooks, Stop River, and Bogastow, Stony, and Beaver brooks. Just above its entrance into Boston Harbor it is joined by Mystic River, which drains an area lying to the north. The Mystic rises just west of Reading, at altitude 100 feet above sea level, and flows southward and southeastward about 16 miles, passing through Richardsons and Burbank ponds and Mystic Lake. The fall from the source of the river to Mystic Lake is 80 feet. The area tributary to Mystic Lake contains 26.9 square miles, in- cluding about 3 per cent of water surface. It was formerly a source of water supply for the city of Charlestown, but was abandoned for that purpose on January 1, 1898. The other lakes in this basin are Wedge Pond, Winter Pond, Horn Pond, and Burbank Pond. Aber- jona River, flowing into Burbank Pond in East Woburn, is the prin- cipal source of the main stream. CHARLES RIVER AT WALTHAM, MASS. Location. — At the city of Waltham. From October 4, 1903, to July 9, 1904, at the plant of the Boston Manufacturing Co., at Moody Street; July 10, 1904, to October 2, 1909, at the dam of the Waltham Bleachery. Drainage area. — October 4, 1903, to July 9, 1904, 157 square miles; 1 July 10, 1904, to October 2, 1909, 169 square miles. Records available. — October 4, 1903, to October 2, 1909. Determination of discharge. — Discharge October 4, 1903, to July 9, 1904, deter- mined from records of the horsepower of the wheels in operation in the factory of the Boston Manufacturing Co. and the quantity of water wasting over the dam. Records after July 10, 1904, obtained at the Waltham Bleachery; method not stated . Diversions. — Mother Brook diverts water from Charles River at Dedham into Ne- ponset River. Cooperation. — Record furnished by Mr. Hiram A. Miller, former chief engineer of the Charles River Basin Commission. 1 During March, April, and May, 1904, water overflowed from the Stony Brook basin of the Cambridge water supply. CHARLES RIVER BASIN. 189 Weekly discharge of Charles River at Waltham, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1904- 1909. Week ending— Dis- charge in second- feet. 1 Week ending— Dis- charge in second- feet. Week endiug— Dis- charge in second- feet. 1903-4. Oct. 10 24 99 141 59 24 64 24 48 24 17 98 111 109 24 47 72 87 85 87 87 158 239 550 655 665 789 638 576 502 5S4 1,267 430 286 226 195 178 82 76 49 33 71 113 55 58 58 45 37 31 29 92 232 119 1904-5. Feb. 11 145 117 128 121 174 474 565 655 577 585 426 315 223 151 110 162 78 97 98 139 192 137 61 40 37 53 53 46 53 49 207 292 188 113 1905-6. June 16 204 17.... 18 23 158 24 25 30 121 31 Mar. 4 July 7 133 Nov. 7.. 11 14 164 14 18 21 127 21... 25 28 134 28... Apr. 1 Aug. 4 106 Dec. 5... 8 11 108 12... 15 18 162 19... 22 25 152 26... 29 Sept. l 114 Jan. 2. . . May 6 8 68 9... 13 15 53 16... 20 22 23 23... 27 29 70 30 June 3 The year Feb. 6 10 214 13 17... . 1906-7. Oct. 6 20 24 27 J July 1 106 Mar. 5. . 8 13 93 12... 15 20 110 19. . 22 27 152 26... 29 Nov. 3 218 Apr. 2 Aug. 5 10 166 9 12 17 169 16. 19 24 .. 221 23. 29. Dec. 1.. 181 30 Sept. 2 8 193 9 15 180 14. . 16 22.. . 105 23 :... 29... 145 28. . 30 311 The year 12... 487 11... 179 19 .. 421 18 1905-6. Oct. 7 26 406 25 107 57 45 101 69 67 93 73 84 155 165 136 218 238 243 218 323 306 174 169 ] 253 406 567 1 561 372 440 ! Feb. 2 390 July 2.... 9 231 9 14 16... 205 16.... 21 23. .. 205 23 28 Mar. 2. . . 141 30 Nov. 4 9. . 181 Aug. 6 11 16. .. 190 13... 18 23 547 20 25 30 586 27 Dec. 2 Apr. 6. . . 420 Sept. 3 9 13 419 10 16 20 498 17 23 27 403 24 30 300 Oct. 1 Jan. 6 11 256 13 18 317 276 ' The year 201 20 25 27... 215 292 1904-5. 67 56 68 104 62 70 98 112 91 84 66 57 66 176 525 392 240 125 Feb. 3 8 Oct. 8 10. .. 15 1 22 255 164 15 17 22 24 29 122 29 Mar. 3 July 6 83 Nov. 5 10 13 41 12 17 20 44 19 24 27 43 26 31 Aug 3 43 Dec. 3 Apr. 7 600 518 | 514 10 29 10 14 17 24 17 21.. 91 22 19 24 28 372 31 287 Sept. 7 ! 302 31 15 30 49 60 Jan. 7 12 14 19 236 153 226 336 j 21 28 21 26 28 Feb. 4... 9 207 190 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Weekly discharge of Charles River at Waltham, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1904- 1909— Continued. Week ending— Dis- charge in second- feet. Week ending— Dis- charge in second- feet. Week ending— Dis- charge in second- feet. 1907-8. Oct. 5 135 222 147 101 96 249 398 274 376 429 346 335 435 590 475 520 371 322 291 201 429 447 476 436 450 505 379 392 324 242 225 188 217 197 158 202 160 1907-8. June 20 78 37 27 18 19 31 66 61 91 87 31 47 60 13 9 239 1908-9. Feb. 6 121 12 27 13 315 19 July 4 20 418 26 11... 27 654 Nov. 2 18 Mar. 6 648 9 25 13 467 16 20 383 23 8 27 357 30 15 Apr. 3 527 Dec. 7 22 10 454 14 29 17 369 21 Sept. 5 24 472 28 12 461 Jan. 4 19 8 505 11 26 15 430 18 The year 22 300 25 29 253 Feb 1 1908-9. Oct. 3 124 8 19 31 24 33 56 68 43 48 61 39 70 81 80 74 93 129 102 128 12 . 161 15 19 194 22 10 26 137 29 17 July 3 83 Mar. 7 24 10 49 14 31 17 21 21 Nov. 7 24 22 28 14 31 25 21 Aug. 7 33 11 28 14 26 18 Dec. 5 21 34 25 : 12 28 43 May 2 19 : Sept. 4 51 9 26 11 27 16 Jan. 2 18 42 23 9 25 46 30 16 Oct. 2 57 23 The year 13 30 179 MYSTIC LAKE NEAR MEDFORD, MASS. Location. — About 1£ miles west of Medford. Drainage area. — 26.9 square miles, including about 3 per cent of water surface. Records available. — January, 1878, to December, 1897. Determination op discharge. — Mystic Lake was used as a source of water supply for the city of Charlestown from 1864 to 1897. The discharge wasdetermined by making allowance for the storage in Mystic Lake and the water pumped for the city supply. The accuracy of the records is doubtful, as no allowance was made for storage in other reservoirs in the basin, the slip of the pumps, nor the flow in a fish way. Cooperation. — Entire record furnished by the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board of Boston in the calendar-year form and changed to the climatic year by engineers of the Geological Survey. CHARLES RIVER BASIN. 191 Yield, in second-feet per square mile, of Mystic Lake basin near Medford, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1878-1897. [Drainage area, 26.9 square miles.] rear. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Mean. 1878 3.08 1.05 3.81 2.24 4.26 2.87 1.98 3.56 1.87 1.69 0.70 .87 0.42 .47 0.96 .61 0.50 .43 1878-79 0.62 1.57 3.15 1.59 1879-80 .29 .40 .60 1.47 2.36 1.69 1.34 .83 .46 .58 .47 .40 .91 1880-81 .31 .39 .51 .71 2.06 5.89 1.95 1.31 1.84 .75 .30 .28 1.36 1881-82 .25 .45 .75 1.19 2.91 3.63 1.04 1.60 .73 .30 .19 .48 1.13 1882-83 .50 .35 .49 .61 1.37 1.63 1.46 1.04 .47 .26 .19 .16 .71 1883-84 .34 .38 .38 1.29 3.61 4.71 3.45 1.28 .76 .50 .52 .21 1.45 1884-85 .23 .31 1.12 1.55 1.74 1.78 1.82 1.89 .77 .41 .47 .30 1.03 1885-86 .59 2.16 2.07 2.00 7.39 3.39 2.90 1.10 .49 .36 .22 .29 1.91 1886-87 .33 .79 1.24 2.74 3.47 3.12 3.36 1.64 1.14 .75 1.17 .43 1.68 1887-88 .49 .64 .79 1.24 3.08 3.71 2.93 2.50 .75 .34 .47 1.17 1.51 1888-89 2.38 1.05 2.26 .50 4.52 2.23 1.75 .50 4.41 2.65 2.16 .76 3.91 1.80 5.46 2.16 1.76 2.14 5.73 1.63 1.39 4.66 6.25 2.63 2.03 2.63 3.07 1.19 1.89 2.60 1.21 1.82 1.69 1.72 .91 1.05 1.15 .37 .36 .57 1.78 .40 .38 .43 .95 .52 .38 .50 2.32 1889-90 1.90 1890-91 2.49 1891-92 1.14 1892-93 .39 .96 .76 .65 2.05 3.92 2.44 3.83 .93 .41 .60 .37 1.44 1893-94 .48 .64 1.10 1.19 1.80 2.65 2.03 1.14 .82 .43 .33 .32 1.08 1894-95 .50 .82 .78 1.34 .84 2.74 2.64 .98 .48 .52 .69 .32 1.05 1895-96 1.27 2.12 1.84 1.60 3.15 3.90 2.92 .67 .67 .34 .29 .95- 1.64 1896-97 .77 1.00 1.07 1.21 1.34 3.00 1.92 1.59 1.96 .43 .82 .37 1.29 1897... .34 .91 1.70 Summary of yield and rainfall in Mystic Lake basin near Medford, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1879-1897. [Drainage area, 26.9 square miles.] Month. October November December January February March April May June July August September The year Average yield per square mile. Sec. ■ft. 0.71 1.16 1.40 1.75 2.67 3.35 2.35 1.61 .97 .49 .54 1.45 Run-off. Depth in inches on drainage \ area. 0.82 1.29 1.61 2.02 2.80 3.86 2.62 1.86 1.08 .56 .62 .51 19.65 Per cent of rainfall. 20.6 34.0 46.4 48.0 69.3 103.8 86.8 51.1 33.8 15.6 15.5 16.1 44.8 Rainfalls Inches. 3.98 3.79 3.47 4.21 4.04 3.72 3.02 3.64 3.20 3.58 4.00 3.17 43. 82 a Average for 20 years, 1878-1897. 192 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. GENERAL FEATURES. Merrimack River is formed near Franklin, N. H., by the union of Pemigewasset and Winnepesaukee rivers. The Winnepesaukee is a short stream flowing south westward from Lake Winnepesaukee; the Pemigewasset, generally considered the head of the main stream, is the outlet of Profile Lake in Franconia, N. H., 50 to 60 miles north of Franklin and less than 10 miles from Mount Washington. From Franklin the Merrimack flows southward about 60 miles, crosses into Massachusetts, and a £ew miles below the State line, as it approaches the city of Lowell, turns abruptly to the east and flows easterly and northeasterly to the ocean at Newburyport. Its total length, including the Pemigewasset, is about 165 miles, of which 47.5 miles is in Massachusetts. Of its 5,015 square miles of drainage area, about 1,200 square miles is in Massachusetts, 211 square miles lying in the Nashua, Sudbury, and Lake Cochituate drainage areas, from which water is permanently diverted for the supply of the metropolitan district adjacent to Boston. A view of the Wachusett reservoir of this system is given in Plate XL Important tributaries of the Merrimack, other than the headwater streams, are Contoocook, Suncoqk, Piscataquog, Souhegan, and Nashua rivers. Nashua River lies nearly all in Massachusetts but enters the Merrimack near Nashua, N. H. The other tributaries mentioned are all in New Hampshire. The headwaters of the Pemigewasset reach an elevation approxi- mately 2,000 feet above the sea; at Franklin the river is at an eleva- tion of about 270 feet. The upper part of the basin is rough and mountainous and very largely in forest. Below Franklin the country is more uniform in topography and much of it is farm land. The main river flows in reaches of moderate slope separated by falls over rock ledges. It is navigable as far as Haverhill, and for small boats as far as Lawrence. The mean annual rainfall in this basin is about 42 inches, ranging from about 46 inches at Lowell to about 38 inches at Plymouth, but is probably much greater in the mountainous regions near the head of the Pemigewasset than elsewhere in the area. During the winter the streams are generally frozen, and especially in the northern parts of the region there is usually a heavy fall of snow. The basin of the Merrimack is well supplied with natural facilities for storage, the combined area of lakes and ponds amounting to approximately 183 square miles. About 105 square miles of this is contained in Lake Winnepesaukee — next to Moosehead Lake the largest body of water in New England — which has about 4 feet of 1 — * I MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 193 available depth of storage, corresponding to somewhat less than 8 billion cubic feet. An act approved April 7, 1911, provides that between June 1 and September 15 of any year not more than an average of 250 second-feet for any week shall be drawn from the lake when the level is 21 inches or less. From records maintained from 1860 to date it appears that the highest gage height recorded is 44 inches, which occurs when the lake is full. This stage has been recorded during 30 years since 1860. The lowest recorded stage was— 11J inches and occurred in February, 1911, the total recorded range thus being 55J inches. Squam Lake, tributary to the Pemigewasset through Squam River at Ashland, is nearly 15 square miles in area. This lake can be drawn down 50 inches. Newfoundland Lake, with half the water area of Squam Lake, is also tributary to the Pemigewasset. It can be drawn down 58 inches. The storage on all these lakes and on numerous smaller ones is controlled by users of water power on the river and greatly improves the regimen of low-waiter flow. In a general way, the most favorable opportunities for storage on the Merrimack are being utilized, but in the upper parts of the drainage basin there are still many unutilized reservoir sites. The Merrimack is world famous for its developed water powers. Lawrence, Lowell, and Manchester are great industrial centers, devoted largely to cotton and woolen manufactures, and owe their location to the excellent water power available at their sites. There are only one or two sites remaining for power development on the main river, but on the tributaries, especially the Pemigewasset and its tributaries, there is a large amount of unutilized fall. Records of flow during hours when mills were running have been kept at Lowell for many years. Run-off records showing the mean daily flow of the river at Lawrence extend back to 1879; the driest year was 1910-11; the wettest 1890-91; the total flow during these two years was about in the ratio of 1 to 2.72. Drainage areas of Merrimack River and some of its principal tribu- taries are given in the following table : Drainage area of Merrimack River and tributaries. River. Locality. Drainage area. River. Locality. Drainage area. Merrimack Mouth Sq. miles. 5,015 4, (Hi4 4,127 2,340 1,460 615 1,085 Winnepesaukee Contoocook Do Junction with Pemige- wasset. West Hopkinton Sq. miles. 435 Do Do 410 750 250 270 Do Garvins Falls Do Franklin Junction Plymouth Suncook Do East Pembroke Pemigewasset.. Do Junction with Winne- pesaukee. 40966°— wsp 415—16- -13 194 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. MERRIMACK RIVER AT LOWELL, MASS. Location. — At the Boott Mills in Lowell. Drainage area.-^L,097 1 square miles above Pawtucket dam. March 7, 1898, the Metropolitan Water Board 2 of Boston diverted the flow of South Branch of Nashua River, which reduced the drainage area 118 square miles. Records available. — January 1, 1848, to May 31, 1861; March 1, 1866, to September 30, 1915. Gage. — Vertical staff in three sections on right bank. Low-water section attached to roll way wall, upper section to foundation wall of Boott Mills. Gage read once a day at approximately 10.45 a. m. Determination of discharge. — Rating curves (PI. XII) determined from quantity of water flowing through the canals and water wheels, and leaking and wasting over Pawtucket dam at various stages. Tables show only the flow for the 10 hours during which mills were operating. Channel and control. — Bed of stream smooth and regular; right bank a vertical mill wall over half a mile long; left bank high and rarely overflows even during spring floods. Control probably at " Hunts Falls," a short distance below station. Control has been altered at various times by removal of ledge rock, bowlders, and other material. During recent years zero flow occurred at gage height of about 38.5 feet, referred to datum of gage owned by the Proprietors of Locks and Canals on Merrimack River. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum stage recorded 1848-1915: 64.20 feet, April 23, 1852; discharge, 83,000 second-feet. Practically zero flow on nights, Sundays, and holidays during low-water season, as water is stored above dam when mills are not in operation. Winter plow. — Discharge relation only slightly affected by ice. Diversions. — Almost the entire flow of South Branch of Nashua River is diverted for water supply of metropolitan district of Boston. Regulation. — Practically the entire low-water flow is regulated by dams and mills above station. Tables of discharge show only the 10-hour flow during periods when mills are in operation. In very dry seasons entire flow is stored during nights, Sundays, and holidays. Accuracy. — Record considered reliable, although rating for earlier years is somewhat uncertain. Cooperation. — Entire record furnished by the Proprietors of Locks and Canals on Merrimack River, Lowell, Mass., through Arthur T. Safford, assistant engineer. i Examination of water supplies: Mass. State Board of Health Rept., pt. 1, p. 442, 1890. 2 Metropolitan Water Board Fourth Ann. Rept., p. 15, Jan. 1, 1899. • WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 415 PLATE XII ~^~z. "Z~Z1 -- rr — " ™ --- '- — _- — — \~ZZ- rn — — *" ™ — • — ' __ _ ~ ^ __— — __- ■— ■ *"" ^ l~ 60. 300 65. DOO 70.( )oo 75. DOO 80( :>oo 85 C U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 415 PLATE XII 65 63 -_. - - L- - _ — — =:=. — — " - ~~ -- ■- ■ _ = — : 60 £^ ._- — — "" ^ - - - - 59 -1 - - -1 - S; ■§52Tnc\o^_. --' i- 57 rT- -- \K*j ij2*i -is .-- ^ --' "" T-J-< ^ i - #_\p^ -' '" ^T \o^ cioa *— -"" p . -- -:- -~ ... „- z^- "T- „- -' U- i -« 9 ;T- u- ■' -• , ,-■ -•' ■-- < -' , .« g 4H , <^ ^ „, /, y / 7^- / ^ // y y s J> 7 z. S £ 41 // 40 39 38 36 35 . 5.C 00 io ooc 15 OOC 20 25. 30C 30 OOC 35 000 40.000 45.00O so.coo 55.000 60.000 65.000 70.000 75.0OO eo.ooo 85.00O DISCHARGE IN SECOND FEET RATING CURVES FOR MERRIMACK RIVER AT LOWELL, MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN". Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915. Mass. 195 for the years Day. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1848. 1 9,100 7,700 7, 860 7,075 6,975 6,650 "l, 075" 7,075 6,460 6,340 6,500 6,300 "5,956" 6,125 6,075 5,790 5,240 5,360 5,400 5,600 5,990 6,420 6,550 6,125 ""5,666" 5,600 5,790 5,360 4,900 5,060 5,280 4,820 5,060 5,950 9,000 9,425 '"6," 675' 9,100 8,275 7,820 7,175 6,890 ' 6,566" 7,600 11,500 13, 675 13,020 11,400 16,656" 10, 850 12, 700 16, 425 17, 280 16, 625 "17,346" 13, 625 12, 010 "ii,'740" 10, 500 "8," 840* 8,560 8,600 8,660 8,900 10, 270 "6," 625' 9,150 8,900 8,660 8,900 8,275 "7,"860" 7,860 7,820 7,600 7,075 6,790 6,500 6,850 8,720 17, 100 20,900 15, 850 13,470" 13, 140 11, 740 11,175 15,990 18,860 "i4,"i50" 14, 470 12, 900 13,995 10, 390 9,525 "6," 475* 11, 300 11,500 10,500 9,900 9,325 "8,*666" 8,175 8,720 12,560 10,730 9,275 5,140 "5,226" 4,860 4,780 5,500 5,200 4,520 "4,*486" 4,400 4,440 4,240 4,140 4,240 "4*,' 320* 4,240 4,140 4,140 4,100 4,360 9,525 6,975 5,790 5,140 4,900 4,780 "*4,'646' 4,640 4,560 4,600 5,020 2 4,640 3 10,050 9,725 8,840 7,550 7,075 6,340 4 4,560 5 7,860 7,700 8,025 8,275 8,780 8,500 6,790 6,500 5,790 5,950 5,750 **5* ,'566* 5,600 6,075 6,500 6,125 5,790 5,280 5,060 4,900 4,980 5,060 6,250 6,600 5,950 5,600 "*5," 060* 4,980 4,860 4,820 5,240 5,200 "5,'i46" 4,820 4,560 4,480 4,320 4,160 " '4,466" 4,480 4,640 4,600 4,560 5,240 "5,' 240* 4,400 6 4,480 7... 4,400 8 4,360 9... 4,360 10 6,890 8,075 7,075 6,500 6,075 6,340 11 4,400 12 4,280 13 4,240 14 4,060 4,060 4,020 17 13, 140 13, 350 11, 620 9,725 7,650 7,275 4,740 19 4,740 5,870 5,950 22 5,360 23 5,320 24 - 6,890 6,380 6,340 6,600 10,450 11,075 4,860 4,780 37 4,780 4,860 29 4,740 4,600 31 8,540 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1848-49. 1 6,500 6,300 6,030 5,240 8,780 14, 980 11,025 8,840 7,860 7, 025 "6," 225 6,125 6,075 5,950 5,910 5,790 '*5,' 600 5,400 5,500 5,400 5,400 5,600 "8," 500 7,700 6,850 6,225 5,950 "8," 420 8,225 7,550 8,275 9,100 9,100 10, 575 11, 025 10, 150 8,900 8,420 8,025 "*8,*466 8, 660 8,275 7,900 7,700 5,950 6,790 7,600 7,175 6,930 6,790 6,750 6,420 7,375 7,500 8,325 9,100 "8," 660 6,850 6,650 6,790 6,975 6,700 '5,956 6.340 6,340 6,500 6,650 6,600 "5",' 600 5,320 5,160 5,060 5,400 6,250 "7,275 6,930 6,890 6,125 5,870 5,500 4,940 4,980 4,980 "25," 166 17, 995 14, 250 12, 800 12, 800 13, 410 ' 10," 500 10,270 9,950 "6," 725 9,100 8,275 7,860 7,600 7,600 8,075 8,460 "i ,860 7,700 7,700 8,540 8,075 7,550 " 7, 700 7,700 7,500 7,175 7,175 6,700 "7,"i75 6,890 6,700 6,700 6,790 6,700 '"7," 780 14, 350 15, 220 11,450 9,625 8,900 7,860 7,500 7,600 7,375 7,500 8,275 "7", 375 6,975 6,700 7,075 8,325 9,825 "8," 540 9,000 10, 150 8,900 7,860 7,175 6,700 6,340 6,125 5,950 5,690 5,600 "5," 320 5,140 4,900 4,820 4,820 4,740 "4",' 780 4,700 4,740 4,700 4,740 4,700 ""4," 820 4,740 "4,' 780 4,740 4,740 4,746 4,560 4,560 4,400 4,360 4,240 4,560 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,360 4,320 " 4,400 4,360 4,360 4,320 4,320 4,240 "4,466 4,320 4,280 4,240 "4,' 240 4,320 4,280 4,140 4,140 4,140 4,240 'i4,"590 13, 855 10, 790 8,720 7,700 6,500 "5 ,"766 5,600 5,240 4,900 5,450 6,500 ""5," 790 5,320 4,980 4,940 4,740 4,700 2 4,700 4,980 7,860 11,300 9,325 7,780 3 5,060 4 4,900 5 5,400 5,500 5,320 5,870 5,240 5,790 4,980 4,820 4,900 4,980 4,980 5,060 4,740 6 4,560 7 4,560 8 4,560 9 6,340 5,790 5,750 5,400 5,240 5,060 10 11 5,060 4,780 12 5,400 6,125 5,450 5,400 5,400 5,400 4,820 4,820 4,900 5,060 5,400 5,400 4 560 13 4,480 4,520 14 15 4,520 16 5,020 4,860 4,980 5,240 8,660 11, 800 17 4,480 4,400 4,400 4,400 4 280 18 19 5,240 5,060 5,060 4,560 4,560 4,560 5,790 5,870 7,175 11,740 14,980 14, 200 20 21 22 4 120 23 8,025 6,975 6,500 6,175 6,125 5,950 24 25 4,240 4,400 4,440 4 400 26 4,900 4,860 4,900 ....... 11,175 13, 080 13, 080 16, 250 20, 185 26, 600 27 28 29 4,280 30 5,690 5,950 31 196 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1849-50. 1850-51. 4,480 4,480 4,' 4,' 4,560 4,640 7,275 9,200 8,275 7,860 10, 850 15, 550 10, 050 8,660 7,700 7,075 6, 700 6,340 5,950 6,030 6,340 6,100 5,950 5,790 5,550 5,790 8,600 5,830 5,200 5,790 6,380 7,500 6,380 5,950 5,690 5,600 5,320 5,240 5,060 4,940 4,900 4,740 4,820 5,320 5,400 5,140 5,060 4,940 4,940 11, 300 10, 330 7,600 6,500 6,600 6,600 6,975 16,250 32, 700 23,000 16, 625 13, 525 11,620 10, 390 8,780 9,425 14,350 15, 610 12,900 11, 125 9,625 9,275 8,780 8,075 ,550 ,975 6,420 6,225 6,125 5,950 5,750 5,600 5,360 5,240 5,240 5,100 5,1 5,060 5,910 6,500 6,340 5,870 5,650 5,400 13, 525 12, 850 10,050 8,54ft 5,240 5,060 5,060 ,750 7,700 7,700 7,075 6,600 7,125 7,125 6,340 6,300 6,340 6,420 6,225 5,910 5,910 6,125 6,380 6,420 6,380 6,500 6,790 7,275 6,500 6,650 6,600 6,420 175 9,950 8,500 7,860 8,025 7,900 7,700 6,700 6,500 6,030 5,950 5,910 5,910 5,500 5,690 6,460 5,950 5,500 5,< 5,770 5,990 5,r" 5, 5, 950 6,340 6,300 6,030 5,910 5,910 6,225 5,600 5,690 5,690 5,830 5,910 6,700 6,500 6,225 6,075 5,950 5,650 6,500 7,550 7,900 8,025 7,860 8,025 7,900 8,125 7,700 5, 910 5,950 5,600 5,790 5,750 5,360 5,910 5,550 5,320 5,450 5,650 5,600 5,550 5,500 5,600 5,790 5,750 5,600 5,450 5,400 5,320 5,280 5,550 5,600 5,450 6,340 7,125 7,075 7,225 8,420 8,325 7,500 7,550 7,450 6,700 6,600 6,125 8,125 7,075 7,075 8,225 9,475 8,900 8,075 8,900 10,270 13, 525 23,100 22,500 15, 100 14,470 14, 150 11, 500 15, 610 16, 625 14, 250 13, 525 12,900 8,175 7,950 7,700 8,425 12, 010 14, 590 11, 620 11, 300 10, 675 10, 270 9,525 9,525 9,100 8,720 13, 140 11,800 10, 730 9,325 9,050 9,050 11, 075 10, 625 10, 150 9,625 9, 325 9,525 7,900 7,860 8,275 8,420 8,500 8,225 7,780 7,860 7,860 7,780 9,900 11, 175 13, 575 14, 470 13, 855 14, 920 24, 800 29,400 7,500 14, 150 5,910 5,790 5,500 5,450 5,990 5,830 12,275 11,025 10, 390 10,270 10,330 10,100 13,140 15,160 13, 855 13,925 13,020 11,300 12,960 13, 260 6,030 5,830 7,780 9,275 10, 270 10,575 9,100 8,780 8,840 8,500 7,900 7,950 14, 530 12, 225 18,550 19,400 16,275 13,470 12,380 15, 100 7,950 7,900 7,550 7,550 7,780 7,925 10, 270 9,725 11,740 19,020 20, 185 17, 750 16, 625 15,850 17,750 16, 625 14,890 9,275 10, 150 10,550 10,050 10, 150 11,450 15,340 16, 130 15,: 13, 575 12, 325 11,300 12, 325 9,850 9,425 9,275 40, 150 26,200 18, 780 15, 220 16,250 33, 300 32, 200 23, 500 22, 900 24, 000 15, 610 13 f> " r 12' 850 13,575 16, 130 15,990 12,380 12, 010 15, 040 16,i 15, 340 14,410 17, 400 24, 500 24, 500 22,500 20, 030 9,325 10,270 10,450 9,100 9,950 10, 850 10, 390 9,625 9,200 9,275 10,390 10,970 11,350 10,450 9,325 8,900 8,540 8,175 8,275 8,780 8,275 7,375 6,790 6,890 7,075 5,650 6,075 17,820 14, 150 13, 020 12, 175 11, 250 10, 500 9,775 9,675 11,950 14,980 12, 750 10, 730 9,525 8,175 7,780 7,375 7,375 6,975 6,650 7,500 8,075 7,740 7,225 6,850 7,550 6,930 6,550 6,175 5,790 5,240 5,990 8,225 9,525 8, 500 7,500 5,870 6,550 6,340 6,340 6,200 5,950 5,950 5,600 6,850 6,790 6,225 5,950 5,240 8,600 8,275 8,175 6,075 6,790 6,890 10, 675 9,275 7,075 6,500 6,125 5,830 5,600 5,400 5,500 5,400 5,790 5,910 5,450 5,910 14,980 10, 790 8,440 7,375 6,650 6,125 '5,* 690 5,400 5,750 5,060 5,020 5,060 5,550 6,930 5,990 5,750 5,790 5,600 5,500 5,240 4,980 4,900 4,820 4,640 6,600 6,650 5,650 5,200 4,980 4,820 4,940 4,900 3,590 3,620 7,950 8,900 8,075 7,125 6,380 5,950 5,870 5,500 5,600 7,175 7,275 6,700 5, 5,550 5,320 5,240 5,020 4,900 7,275 10, 625 10, 150 8,325 7,175 3,620 3,340 4,900 4,780 4,740 4,640 4,640 4,600 4,900 4,780 4,r " 4,820 5,140 4,900 4,780 4,560 4,480 4,400 4,400 4,520 5,020 4,900 4,820 4,640 4,560 4,440 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 197 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1851-52. 1852-53. 4,200 4,240 4,240 4,240 4,400 4,240 4, ion 4,060 4,060 3,955 4,320 4,280 5,790 4,820 4,480 4,640 4,900 5,400 5,140 4,820 4,600 4,740 4,560 4, 4,900 7,025 4,940 4,940 4,900 4,780 4,740 4,860 4,940 4,740 4,900 4,900 5,600 5,120 5,120 5,240 5,140 5,140 5,140 5,240 5,240 5,140 5,060 4,980 4,940 4,820 4,900 4,940 21,825 io,'66o 9,625 8,460 7,3 6,650 6,125 5,1 5,600 5,320 5,240 5,160 5, 10,625 9,375 8,025 7,225 7,07 12,650 13,925 11,250 9,725 8,3*5 8,275 5,870 7,860 7,900 11,860 11,300 8,540 7,275 7,700 7,375 6,890 6,550 6,930 7,780 6,600 6,300 5,910 5,830 5,600 5,650 5,500 7,125 '6,'790 6,975 ,790 6,420 6,340 6,125 6,340 5, 750 5,550 5,360 5,200 5,550 5,910 5,950 5,360 5,870 5,320 5,600 5,650 5,950 5,600 6,420 7,650 10,210 9,000 8,175 7,700 8,225 8,375 8,275 8, 500 9 825 8,900 8,950 8,275 7,650 6,225 6, 340 6,700 7,075 7,175 6,790 6,700 6,340 5,400 6,340 16, 890 12,590 8,375 8,660 9,050 10,450 10,850 11,300 17,400 17." 12,010 10,390 9,525 8,900 7,780 7,820 7, 7,700 7,275 7,225 7,175 6,890 7,075 8,225 8,375 8,420 8,500 8,420 6,975 6,550 6.340 5; 950 5,830 5,790 9,725 8,720 8,225 7,S20 7,550 6,890 6,850 "6/890 6,975 6,700 6,500 6,460 7,275 6,460 6,340 5,870 5,870 5,690 6, 125 6,700 7,125 6,890 6,340 5,790 5,990 6,030 5,790 5,600 5,600 5,650 7,075 6,460 6,850 6; 890 6,030 5,950 5,830 5,690 5,790 7,225 9,375 11,450 5,790 5,950 6,790 8,500 9,625 10,330 10, 000 9,275 8,375 7,950 7,450 7,025 6,380 6,340 6,340 6,500 6,790 6,750 5,950 5,600 5,790 6,340 7,07c 14,920 32,200 22,000 15,610 12,700 10,850 7,450 7,550 7,600 8,660 10,450 10,390 8,420 7,860 8,660 17,995 19,645 18,065 11,740 ,790 14,590 16, 485 16,375 15, 100 13, 140 11,680 9,525 9,200 8,950 9,275 9,100 9,100 11,025 11,250 10, 450 10,730 9, 675 9,675 9 275 8^540 8,275 8,325 8,275 8,840 9,325 9,150 9,000 8,780 7,860 7,700 7,700 9.200 9,725 12,070 14,590 15,400 13,925 12,225 10,625 10,210 9,825 10,390 9,950 10,390 10,625 ),375 9,000 9,375 9,825 10, 150 11,300 12,175 11,740 12,010 15,340 16,200 18,250 27,400 42,500 68,500 71,000 51,500 27,700 24,800 25,800 25, 500 20,980 12,010 13, 525 12.440 13,725 17,220 14,590 12,900 13,260 12,225 11,450 11,125 13,080 12,800 10,850 10,390 9,900 9,725 9,825 11,075 12,010 10,500 9525 8,900 8,840 9,900 18,490 16,625 15, 400 14,920 14,250 14, 470 15,400 16,890 16,375 14,710 14,590 16,060 15, 100 12, 750 12, 225 12,900 11,680 10,270 9,625 9,000 9,050 8,500 8,275 8,025 7,225 8,275 9,325 8,275 7,700 7,325 7,375 8,900 8,900 10,970 10,850 10,100 10,730 9,375 7,860 7,820 8,500 8,460 9,325 10,625 8,125 7,650 7,860 10,390 20,940 25,900 13,S55 11,680 8,720 8,325 7,860 6,340 6,380 5,990 5,790 5,830 6,225 8,325 6,750 5,830 5,360 5,240 5,320 5,240 5,320 5,240 5,240 5,600 5,750 5,360 5,240 4,'860 10,390 9,525 8, 840 8,325 7,700 7,325 6,975 6,700 6,700 6,460 6,225 5,950 5,690 5,600 5, 500 5, 500 5,500 5,400 5, 140 5, 100 5,100 5,100 4,820 4,900 4,900 4, 740 4,820 4,900 4,' 5,790 5,750 5,320 5,140 4,860 4,820 4,740 4,740 4,740 4,740 4,560 4,560 4,780 4,740 4,660 4, 520 4,640 4,400 j . 4,520 4,600 4,560 4,480 4,400 4,360 4.700 4,560 4,600 4,640 4,600 4,560 4,480 4,560 4,600 4,640 4,640 4,600 4.560 4,600 4, 560 4,600 4,640 4,640 4,640 4,780 4,600 4,640 4,640 4,600 4,400 640 198 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1853-54. 1 8,325 9, 525 8,720 8,275 7,880 7,325 ' "6,756 6,700 6,600 5,750 12,960 10,675 'u',150 24, 100 18,250 13,855 12,010 12,010 11,500 12,225 11,950 *i6,'i50 9,325 "■8," 075 7,700 7,550 4,940 5,200 5,710 5,320 5,240 5,060 5,020 5,240 4,900 4,860 'i4,'030 15,040 15,610 11,350 9,275 8,275 " "6,*930 6,750 6, 500 6,460 6,340 6,700 "i9,645 13,200 10,450 7,820 7,860 7,650 ' *6,'666 6,175 6,340 6,125 5,950 5,910 " 6," 030 5,950 5,950 5,830 5,790 5,790 * "5,*990 5,950 5,870 5,500 5,320 6,125 5,450 5,360 5,870 5,320 5,240 5,690 9,325 8,460 ' 7," 509 6,810 6,460 6,700 7,450 7,900 6,850 6,930 7,075 6,700 6,600 6,500 ' "6.' 650 6; 975 6,750 6,500 6,340 6,340 5,830 5, 830 5,950 6,300 6,460 ' '5," 450 5,830 5,600 5,600 5,790 5,950 ' *5,'9i6 5,950 5,550 5,400 6,225 9,325 10,625 8,950 8,070 7,550 7,075 6,810 ' "l\ 550 7,700 7,500 7,400 6,700 6,250 5,910 5,830 5,790 6,250 8,275 8, 125 7,860 7,860 7, 175 " "8,'325 8,275 8, 125 i2,'440 17,925 15,"466 14,920 14,920 15,040 15, 040 14, 100 "ii,'500 11,125 10,575 10,790 12,175 13,410 'l4,' 350 14, 800 13,995 14. 200 16; 950 26, 490 'io.'ion 10, 150 10,050 10,450 16,485 "l7," 220 16,425 16, 485 17,680 17, 400 15,850 15, 730 17,010 20,740 24,800 27,700 33,600 34,300 38,800 30,900 25,000 26,900 26,200 17,400 15, 100 13,470 12,700 13,410 13,470 "l2," 380 17,010 15,670 12, 700 13, 675 22,500 'l'3,"855 12,560 11,250 10,210 9,775 10,675 * 9," 525 8.660 8,275 12,900 12,900 14,350 13,410 12,325 16,916 10,500 10,000 9,900 9,525 9,000 " ~7,'820 8,075 8,275 8,500 10, 150 9,000 7,650 7,500 7,075 6,250 6,420 6, 550 " '6,"250 6,030 5,910 5,750 7,740 7,075 7,075 5,240 " "5," 320 4,700 4,660 4,660 4,660 4,560 ' "A, 780 4,660 4,600 4,560 4,560 4,520 ' *4,'740 4,660 4,660 4,600 4,560 4,560 4,660 4,560 4,660 4,660 4,560 4,440 ' "A, 600 4,600 4,600 4,480 5,950 5,870 5,870 5,550 5,320 5,320 5,280 5,400 5,710 6,420 ' '5,' 750 5,400 5,400 5,240 5,320 5,140 "5," 140 5,140 5,060 5,020 4,980 6,125 ""5," 750 5,450 5,280 5,240 5,200 4,600 2 4,400 3 6,700 6,340 6,125 6,030 5,870 5,600 4 4,700 5 6,650 6,340 5,830 6,125 7,325 8,175 "8," 420 7,325 6,750 6,600 6,500 6,340 ' *5,'950 5,830 5,790 5,600 5,450 5,360 5,400 5,280 5,280 5,240 5, 240 5,650 5,790 ' "7," 975 9,150 9,725 7,780 7,075 10,625 8,560 13,200 12,380 9,575 8,275 7,600 ' "6," 850 6,300 6, 125 6,125 6,250 6,300 "7,'07f 7,600 9,050 9,325 8,375 7,650 5,100 5,060 5,020 4,900 * '4,' 980 4,900 4,820 4,780 4,820 4,700 ' "4*900 4,660 4,560 4,520 4,560 4,520 ' 4,'980 4,940 4,940 4,900 4,940 4,900 " 4,'966 ' '6,"750 6,250 ' '5," 790 5,790 6,500 " 6,' 810 7,325 6,700 6,500 7,075 6,750 6,340 5,910 5,600 5,500 5,100 5,280 ' '5,'400 5,240 4,980 5,060 5,550 5,830 " '6,'340 5,950 4,660 4,600 6 5,790 5,990 5,790 5,830 6,300 7,225 7,700 7,550 7,325 7,700 8,600 9,950 7 4,740 8 4,740 9 4,740 10 5,600 5,600 5,550 5,550 5,500 5,400 11 5,790 12 5,950 13 6,700 6,340 6,340 6,500 6,550 6,380 12,650 13,725 13,470 13, 140 20, 500 21,220 5,240 14 5,140 15 5,100 16 5,020 17 5,280 5,280 5,240 5,100 5,060 5,100 18 4,980 19 4,900 20 6,300 5,830 5,950 5,710 6,125 5,790 14,530 12,070 10,390 9,775 9,675 9,100 5,020 21.... 4,940 22 4,900 23 4,860 24 9,325 12,225 19,645 14,350 11,620 13, 140 25 4,940 26 4,900 27 6,420 7,500 8,175 7.860 6,930 9, 575 9,575 6,890 6,650 6,650 4,860 28 4,780 29 4,860 30 .. 7,075 6,500 6,125 6, 125 5,750 5,650 5,710 5,790 " '5,' 990 6,890 7,025 6,930 6,500 6,340 " 6,' 650 5,870 5,910 5,790 6,250 6,420 ' *7,'666 11,125 15,280 17, 400 14,860 12,500 "ii,740 14,470 17,400 17,750 14,860 12,500 4,860 31 11,125 1854-55. 1 5,140 2 4,900 4,860 4, 820 4,740 4,740 4,660 3 5,060 4 5,100 5 10,730 9,225 8,325 7,820 7,700 7,740 6,600 7,325 8,600 9,050 8,420 7,860 5,140 6 5,060 7 5,020 8. 4,940 9 4,900 4,860 4,820 4,740 4,740 4,740 10 5,400 11 5,020 12 7,500 7, 125 6, 750 7,450 13,855 15,790 7,225 6,975 6,850 6,700 6,750 6,930 4,980 13 4,940 14 4,980 15 5,020 16 5,140 5,140 5,400 5,320 5,200 5,100 17 5,020 18 4,980 19. 14, 150 12,440 11,025 10, 150 9,525 9,67o 7,025 7,075 7,075 7,025 5,060 20 '.. 5,060 21 5,020 22 4,940 23 5,200 4,980 4,940 4,900 4,860 4,820 6,97f 6,850 26,400 22,900 20, 185 19,715 19,470 19, 100 13,410 24 5,060 4,980 26 i 8,660 7,450 7,025 6,810 6,700 6,600 6,700 6,600 7,275 5,020 27 4,980 28... 5,060 29 5,020 30..... 4,940 5,020 31 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 199 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1855-56. 1 5,200 5,060 5,550 22,900 19,470 21,300 7,700 7,450 7,125 " 8," 6*66 8,900 8,225 7,740 7,600 7,275 6,340 " "6*600 6,380 6,250 6,125 6,125 5,950 "6,666 9,000 8,900 6,700 6,600 6,125 "6," 975 7,975 8,075 7,780 6,850 6,700 "ii*620 6,890 6,600 6,420 6,460 6,600 "7,"075 6,500 6,890 7,500 7,400 7,500 "*7,275 6,890 6,890 6,420 6,340 6,250 6,650 6,500 6,420 6,340 6,340 6,890 " "6*250 6,175 6,075 6,340 5,910 5,950 5,870 "6*340 6,975 7,860 8,325 8,780 8,460 "*8,"075 7,600 7,450 7,275 7,450 7,780 '*8,"i75 8,780 7,780 7,450 7,975 8,275 6,250 6,030 ""6,* 930 6,750 6,700 6,340 6,340 6,125 6,340 6,030 6,890 6,700 6,460 6,075 "6*666 6,340 6,125 5,990 5,950 5,950 "5,990 6,030 5,950 5,910 5,060 4,900 ' *5," 060 4,980 5,060 5,600 5,140 5,060 * "6,366 6,340 5,750 5,600 "5," 320 "'5**466 5,320 5,240 5,320 5,240 5,240 "5,' 500 5,500 5,600 5,910 5,950 5,950 5,600 5,710 6,030 7,175 9,100 *i4,"ioo 16,765 18,250 21,965 19, 160 "i4,*350 13,080 11,500 10,450 10,500 10,730 12,700 16,375 19, 100 18,490 15,340 13,410 "i6,'856 10,100 10, 150 9,275 9,675 9,225 8,460 8.025 9,525 8,950 9,100 "*9,*825 9,100 8,375 7,900 7,860 10,100 "i4,*8*66 13,625 11,740 10,450 9,425 9,100 ' '8*966 8,660 9,050 9,275 8,225 7,650 7,780 7,700 7,400 8,025 8,660 8,900 11,740 10,970 '".9," 340 19,470 24,800 30, 100 22,000 16,695 13,525 12, 900 11,560 10,500 9,900 9,900 ii'620 12,325 11,350 13,080 17,010 17,280 13,020 11,800 11,025 13,090 10,500 12,650 "Y, 740 7,275 7,075 7,175 7,175 7,275 " *7,*606 7,450 7,275 7,075 6,600 6,420 6,075 5,950 5,790 5,790 5,830 5,790 "5," 550 5,500 5,400 5,400 5,360 5,280 "5*320 10,270 9,775 9,625 9,625 8,840 8,325 "7,' 650 7,075 7,125 6,850 6,975 " 8,' 1.25 7,400 6,890 6,700 6,750 7,820 "8*075 7,975 9,950 10,000 8,275 7,275 "6," 4*20 5,790 5,400 5,240 5,240 ' *5," 200 "5,*360 5,280 5,200 5,060 4,980 4,940 " 5,246 5,200 5,200 5,060 4,820 4,900 4,900 4,860 4,700 4,660 4,480 4,400 "4," 560 4,560 4,520 4,480 5,750 5,710 5,600 5,600 5,450 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,360 "*5," 240 5,200 5,240 5,400 5,500 5,280 "5*286 5,240 5,870 6,460 7,820 8,600 "7,'826 6,975 6,650 6,850 6,930 4,520 4,480 " *4,"560 4,560 4,860 11,740 17,995 14,470 12,440 10,390 8,600 7,650 6,850 6,500 "*5," 950 5,790 5,870 6,340 17, 160 17,280 *i6,*625 9,525 8,375 7,650 7,075 8,225 6,460 "6* 1.75 5,830 5,830 5,710 5,600 5,600 "5,"456 5,400 5,450 6,500 6,175 8,560 "7,"456 6,650 8,075 8,175 7,450 11,450 "8*375 9,000 8,500 7,325 6,930 6,850 "i6,*9i6 9,325 2 8,075 3 7,225 4 6,700 5 6,460 6 6,250 7 8 16,625 13,260 10,500 5,910 9 5,990 10 6,075 11 6,030 5,910 5,870 12 6,850 7,400 10,390 10,730 9,425 8,375 "Y, 820 7,700 7,225 7,175 6,600 6,890 13 7,550 14 15 8,175 9,325 10,150 9,000 7,700 6,850 5,950 16 5,870 17 5,790 18 5,650 19 5,710 20 5,650 22 6,700 6,975 7,075 8,075 10,450 9,950 5,990 23 6,250 24 6,750 25 .. 7,500 7,275 6,850 6,500 7,075 7,400 "6," 700 6,125 "b, 950 6,075 5,950 5,950 5,910 "*5,"990 5,950 5,950 5,790 5,790 5,710 "5," 870 5,790 5,710 5,710 5,600 5,500 "*6*i25 6,300 6,300 8,780 8,125 7,820 8,075 '*7,' 225 5,990 5,870 5,950 5,950 6,340 5,950 "*5,* 990 5,830 5,790 5,710 5,950 6,550 "7," 780 8,275 8,275 7,075 5,950 "Y, 780 8,175 7,860 27 29 8,325 8,175 7,860 6,125 8,600 11,450 8,780 6,300 6,030 31 5,600 1856-57. 9,100 8,025 2 6,890 6,850 6,810 6,700 6,750 6,700 8,660 7,600 7,600 7,700 7,820 3 7,125 4 6,460 5,990 6,975 6,850 6,500 6,340 6,175 5,990 7 7,7801 11.400 5,600 5,400 5,140 8 26,900 20, 110 14,300 12,900 "i3*,*855 13,410 19,160 26,166 18,370 '".3*995 15,610 17,680 16,625 15, 160 14,470 "i2,*756 13,260 13,260 12,800 9 11,300 14,350 18,065 15,100 11,860 10,050 6,810 6,750 6,420 6,460 6,175 6,175 10 4,900 4,900 4,900 11 12 13 5,950 5,950 5,910 5,870 5,790 5,870 14 4,820 4,780 4,740 4,560 4 740 15 16 9,325 11,680 16,485 22, 100 22,700 20,325 6,300 6,500 6,975 8,075 13,020 14,860 17 18 19 5,' 060 20 6,500 6,460 6,175 6,340 6,340 6,030 4,900 4,820 4,980 5 140 22 23..: 13,525 12,175 11,740 13,140 12,225 11,680 11,400 10,210 9,675 9,675 9,900 10,050 24 25 5,360 5,950 26 7,325 7,125 7,780 7,860 7,025 6,810 6,700 6,810 27 6,125 5,910 5,950 6,300 6,300 28 5,500 5 140 29 6,700 6,250 6,030 30 9,375 9,275 5 140 1 200 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1857-58. 1 5,06C 4,780 4,60C 10,000 9,225 8,500 7,975 7,740 8,780 .... 9,375 9,900 9,775 9,775 8,900 8,275 7,550 7,400 7,500 7/650 7,450 7,175 "6," 930 7,275 7,860 "6," 34*6 6,600 " "6," 420 10,625 9,625 8,275 7,500 7,075 7,500 "*9,"666 9,725 9,050 8,375 7,700 7,050 "6," 380 6,125 5,870 6,340 6,125 5,790 **5*9i6 5,790 5,790 6,850 8,840 10,390 9,225 8,175 **6,*975 7,650 8,075 9,225 11,740 10,150 "7," 975 8,175 7,860 7,650 7,500 8,460 8,175 7,650 7,700 7,780 6,340 '"6*420 5,790 "6*075 5,950 5,400 5,400 5,600 5,790 5,600 5,870 6,125 6,125 5,500 "5*666 5,600 5,500 6,500 7,175 7,975 ' '5," 950 5,950 5,950 6,250 5,790 6,250 6,550 7,860 7,175 5,400 5,710 5,790 5,500 5,650 5,320 8,660 8,660 8,460 "*8,*606 8,500 8,560 8,125 7,700 7,600 "7*820 7,700 8,460 10,050 9,275 "11*366 7,500 7,700 8,560 8,900 9,100 10,150 9,100 8,660 8,460 8,420 23,650 18,940 "*5,"996 15,340 14,150 "*2,"i25 11,740 10,625 10,850 11,300 11,740 12,800 13,625 "i3* 625 13,140 12,560 12,275 12, 175 12,325 "i**356 13,785 15,610 18,250 16,625 14,710 8,460 "*8*325 8,175 7,860 7,700 8,460 11,860 "9*475 8,720 8,840 9,725 10,450 9,150 **8,*025 8,225 8,420 8,660 8,660 9,675 "io'iso 10,390 11,740 9,950 9,100 8,460 "7*766 ""3*625 12,750 12,700 11,740 11,500 12,225 "i2,'850 12,560 13,925 12,960 11,300 10, 150 9,525 8,660 8,175 8,075 9,225 10,730 "ii,*740 11,680 10, 150 9,000 8,460 7,975 *7," 400 6,810 7,500 7,075 6,340 6,700 6,125 **6,"i25 6,125 6,700 6,125 6,250 6,500 "i6,*566 10,625 9,475 8,660 8,075 7,500 6,700 6,600 6,500 6,420 6,125 5,950 "*6,"340 5,950 5,710 5,600 5,400 5,320 5,400 5,320 5,220 5,200 5,140 * "5,"466 5,400 5,500 6,125 6,420 5,710 " "5*3*60 5,240 5,240 5,240 5,320 5,500 5,950 5,790 5,550 5,400 5,400 "5,506 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,830 5,910 5,600 5,400 5,320 5,200 2 £..' 4 6,460 6,500 "6**25 6,420 6,125 7,780 11,740 13,470 11,860 10,390 'ii'ioo 10,675 9,725 8,275 8,075 7,500 "7," 500 6,890 8,500 10,390 10, 150 9,225 8,075 7, 175 7,175 5 5,400 5,240 4,900 4,820 4,740 4,060 6 5,600 5,360 5.4nn 7 8 ..' 8,460 6,340 6,125 6,030 6,030 5,600 "5*600 5,950 6,250 6,030 5,870 5,140 5,060 5,060 5,060 4,900 4,900 4,900 "5*066 5,400 6,600 9,150 14,710 15,100 9... 5,7901 5,400 5,500 5 24ft 10 11 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,790 5,240 12 4,860 4,560 4,560 4,600 4,660 4,280 13 14 5,400 15 5,500 5,400 5,360 5,400 5,240 5,600 "*5," 400 5,240 5,240 5,240 5,140 5,100 "*5,' 950 6,340 5,060 4,980 5,060 4,980 5,060 **4," 980 4,980 4,900 4,900 4,900 "5,' 060 4,980 4,940 4,900 4,900 4,900 "*4"966 4,900 4,860 4,900 5,140 5,710 "MOO 5,240 5,060 5,400 9,100 24,300 17 *; 19 6,380 5,910 6,700 5,830 5,200 10,850 8,600 22 5,200 5,600 5,500 5,060 5,140 4,980 12,440 11,560 10,390 9,275 8,460 8,075 7,275 6,700 6,420 6,250 24 25 26 6,700 15,920 24,900 21,545 16,130 13,140 5,400 5,600 27 5,870 5,600 5,600 29 7,500 7,700 8,275 6,750 6,975 6,550 6,340 6,300 5,400 31 1858-59. 5,550 "5," 950 5,790 6,125 5,790 5,600 5,870 "7, 075 8,175 8,660 8,460 '*6,*890 "6,'340 6,125 5,950 6,125 5,950 7,780 "i6,'625 10,000 8,950 8,275 7,860 7,075 6,700 6,500 6,340 6,340 6,890 6,890 6,810 6,930 7,700 7,075 6,600 6,420 6,500 6,810 "6*766 6,380 6,300 6,125 5,950 6,975 "9*325 9,100 11,075 11,250 10,050 8,950 "8," 840 8,075 7,275 6,890 6,700 6,460 "*8,"i25 7,275 6,700 6,250 5,950 5,790 5,500 5,400 5,600 5,790 5,600 "5*406 5,240 5,240 5,200 5,140 5,060 5,100 "5*280 *5,"i40 4,980 2 5,060 3 4,980 4 8,275 7,075 6,700 6,125 5,870 5,790 5,020 4,900 7 5,950 5,950 5,870 6,300 7,500 7,500 6,500 7,075 7,700 8,075 7,860 7,900 4,900 4,900 9 4,900 4,820 5,870 5,600 5,500 5,790 5,790 12 4,940 13 4,900 14 7,275 6,600 6,420 6,340 6,420 6,500 11,950 14,590 21,220 30,600 28,900 32,900 4,900 15 4,900 16..... 4,900 17 4,900 6,500 6,125 5,950 5,950 5,790 5,600 19 5,060 4,940 7,175 8,025 7,900 7,900 7,700 7,700 42,400 31,100 24,500 21,140 19,790 22,900 4,980 22 5,060 23 5,950 24 7,500 7,700 8,900 7,700 6,810 6,500 6,125 5,950 5,790 5,790 "5*7i6 5,870 fi.340 6,340 27 5,750 6.890 18,250 17,040 18,610 25,800 5,400 39 7,500 5,320 5,600 fi-125 5,240 11 6,175 7,50ol MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 201 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1859-60. 1 5,140 5,060 5,060 5,060 5,060 4,980 5,950 6,075 6,975 " "6*566 6,420 7,025 8,275 8,560 8,500 " "7*466 7,860 "6,366 6,340 6,250 ' "6,"i25 6,075 6,125 6,030 6,075 6,420 6,700 6,340 7,075 8,375 8,175 7,975 "8*275 8,420 8,125 7,975 8,025 7,475 * *6,*625 6,400 6,440 6,525 6,975 6,810 6,250 5,990 6,175 5,870 5,750 5,670 "5," 750 5,750 5,750 6,075 6,440 5,950 "5,'756 5,600 5,910 6,440 6,275 6,010 5,550 5,650 5,910 6,250 6,075 6,810 "6*630 5,525 5,750 5,670 5,500 5,550 " *5,*9i6 5,425 5,220 5,790 7,860 10, 760 "i6,'270 9,625 9,450 9,300 10,730 14,620 *i6,*325 13,750 11,770 10,575 10,075 9,450 **7*966 8,460 8,325 8,025 8,075 8,420 " "6" 025 9,650 10,450 10,300 9,250 8,500 7,800 7,575 7,475 7,325 7,250 7,100 "7," 675 8,600 8,125 7,780 8,420 "7," 860 8,420 8,660 8,420 7,900 7,650 6,910 6,675 6,340 6,460 6,340 6,300 "6*340 6,420 6,340 6,340 5,990 5,790 **5* ,'690 5,550 5,400 5,525 5,500 5,690 "*5,* 690 5,690 5,690 5,600 5,525 5,425 ' *5,*360 5,320 5,360 5,320 5,040 5,040 6,320 6,400 5,970 5,600 5,400 5,320 ' '5*,' 220 5,080 5,040 5,080 5,160 6,300 " *6,*666 5,950 5,990 6,830 6,770 6,175 5,600 5,240 5,400 5,280 5,200 5,060 "5," 690 5,600 5,790 5,950 6,575 6,400 ' '5," 500 5,400 5,160 5,080 5,080 5,080 "5," 266 5,020 **5,'i66 5,060 5,140 "5*406 5,450 5,650 5,690 5,400 5,280 5,240 5,100 5,060 5,060 5,060 5,020 "5,'i40 5,100 5,060 5,000 5,040 5,000 "5,'i40 5,790 6,030 5,750 5,400 5,280 5,080 5,040 4,960 4,960 5,080 5,080 "*5* 080 5,120 5,450 7,150 7,050 5,910 "5*260 5,220 5,625 6,500 6,460 5,950 "5*666 5,600 5,600 5,320 5,200 5,080 2 3 5,140 4 5,060 4,980 5,040 5 5,000 6 5,000 7 4,980 5,020 5,060 5,060 5,060 4,660 4,560 4,740 4,960 8 5,160 9 10 5,425 11 5,450 5,770 12 5,525 13 9,525 14 5,280 5,140 5,240 6,175 6,300 5,790 5,500 5,400 9,250 15 7,550 17 7,150 18 5,100 6,650 19 6,300 6,050 6,500 20 21 5,500 5,320 9,275 7,700 7,125 "6,"766 6,380 " "6," 500 6,420 6,125 22 8,900 23 24 5, HO 5,140 5,060 5,100 5,060 5,060 8,440 25 7,275 7,650 8,050 7,700 7,125 26 27 28 29 30 31 Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. 1860-61. 1 6,225 6,300 6,050 6,150 6,340 7,125 6,030 6,125 6,275 " "8,"625' 9,250 8,520 8,250 8,025 7,350 13,756" 14, 150 11,740 10,100 9,150 8,275 ""7," 740" 7,700 7,860 7,500 7,150 7,250 10,525 *i6'675* 9,125 8,580 8,175 7,625 7,025 " "6*650* 6,340 6,700 6,810 7,075 7,500 "6*460* 6,225 6,575 6,380 6,870 7,740 "8,"840" 6,810 6,340 6,625 ' '6*420* 6,300 6,830 6,460 6,870 6,830 "8," 075* 7,000 6,700 6,930 6,675 6,790 6,950 6,790 7,275 7,025 6,675 6,500 "6," 830* 7,075 6,525 6,930 6,675 6,400 9,250 11,450 19,575 16,555 14,030 "i2,*4i6" 12.875 "i4,"665* 14, 150 13,625 13,855 14,300 14,800 *28,*906' 30,100 23,900 24,900 23,500 19,505 "14*650* 13,785 13,525 14,710 14,860 13,855 "i2*4i6" 13,750 14,530 13,525 12,325 10,730 2 3 4 7,125 7,225 7,125 6,930 8,075 7,975 17,400 22,900 22,600 18,250 14,225 12,350 5 ; 6 9,400 10,760 19,950 20,220 15,790 13,625 7 8 6,750 6,550 6,700 6,725 6,300 6,050 9 10 11 6,700 7,150 8,900 12,040 16, 130 15,160 24,000 22,500 17,855 14,250 12,675 11,650 12 13 11,225 11,225 13 675 14 15 6,075 6,275 6,360 6,320 6,300 6,010 16 14,590 12,650 11,350 17 18 13,600 12,850 11,980 11,075 10,600 9,625 10,210 9,425 9,050 9,000 8,150 8,000 19 20 9,525 9,025 8,690 8,660 7,975 7,820 21 22 6,320 6,225 6,480 6,500 6,460 6,175 23 24 25 9,275 8,350 8,420 8,420 9,025 8,900 9,350 13,925 18,280 18,520 26 15,460 11,300 11,650 "i6," 730" 7,450 7,075 6,870 6,830 "6*725* 27 8,500 10,075 12, 175 10,700 9,150 28 29 6,440 6,225 5,970 30 31 202 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass.. for the years ending Sept. SO, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1 1866. 11,125 9,100 8,400 7,200 7,025 6,950 6,460 6,250 8,500 7,780 5,910 6,075 5,550 5,425 5,360 5,100 5,040 4,880 5,180 5,000 "5,"240" 5,080 4,960 4,960 5,380 6,175 "5*246" 5,260 5,400 5,100 5,240 5,280 '5,*466" 5,300 5,000 5,000 4,820 4,920 2 11,325 10, 760 . 10,760 5,525 5,360 3 4 6,910 5,120 6,550 6,340 6,460 6,700 4,780 4,920 4,540 4,860 4,840 5 7,325 ■ 6,975 6,700 6,400 5,970 6,010 5,140 5,060 4,800 6 9,275 10,050 7 5,930 5,750 5,810 5,850 6,125 6,200 8 9 10,525 9,275 8,580 8,440 8,050 8,560 5,200 4,900 5,000 4,800 4,700 4,840 10 4,880 5,040 5,000 4,900 6,625 11 8,150 7,300 6,910 6,575 6,460 6,550 12 5,890 5,830 6,050 6,420 6,850 10,525 13 14 6,010 6,030 6,010 5,850 5,850 6,125 15 5,650 16 9,200 9,225 8,480 8,420 8,325 -4,920 4,960 4,500 4,900 4,840 4,360 17 5,220 5,000 5,360 5,100 5,830 6,810 18.. 6,460 6,950 12,225 9,775 7,950 7,050 19 10,700 8,750 7,475 6,870 6,870 20 „... 5,910 5,850 5,870 6,400 5,910 5,710 22 23 11,375 10, 760 13, 785 14,225 11,325 9,275 5,040 5,060 5,000 5,100 . 5,100 5,100 24 7,780 6,700 6,050 6,250 7,675 8,400 25 6,175 6,525 5,525 5,750 5,360 5,750 26 6,600 5, 690 6,360 6,675 10, 760 11,375 27 6,830 10,600 11,375 10, 125 29 30 7,700 6,500 6,050 31 ;.. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1866-67. 1 6,750 6,250 5,990 5,810 5,650 5,220 16,860 11,125 8,560 "6," 850 6,500 6,225 5,970 5,950 5,810 "*5," 600 5,650 5,930 5,850 5,850 12,850 "i2,'4i6 9,900 9,150 10, 150 8,950 7,900 8,440 " "9," 350 8,100 7,650 8,200 8,500 7,860 "9,"350 9,050 7,780 6,830 6,250 6,050 "*5,"575 5,710 5,525 5,750 6,400 6,010 "5*890 6,600 6,300 6,525 6,420 5,950 "*6,'6i6 6,910 6,830 6,275 5,970 6,150 " "6,"340 6,250 6,175 5,710 6,075 9,100 7,150 6,950 6,460 6,360 7,000 6,100 " "6," 340 6,500 6,460 6,340 6,250 6,100 6,575 6,625 7,925 10,300 11,740 9,850 11,830 16,800 14, 175 9,250 5,50 5,06 5,08 3 5,00C 3 5,08C 3 7,70C 2 6,890 3 8,150 8,720 13, 110 10, 700 8,780 8,025 6,500 6,175 6,175 5,710 5,790 4 6,125 6,030 6,300 5,950 5,950 6,050 6,890 6,790 6,600 6,525 6,460 6,360 13, 700 14, 440 5,02 5,00 3 8,84C 3 7,70C fi.fiSfl 6 9,975 9,375 8,950 10,390 17,160 15,955 7 8 5,300 5,160 5,320 5,160 5,080 5,040 13, 890 13,625 13,925 14,650 18,640 18,250 5,360 fi'34< 9 5,34 5,201 5,101 5,00 4,92 "5," 02 4,841 **4*72( 4,72( 4,82( ""5,"95( 5,89( 5,67( 5,34( 5,22( 5,34( '"5,"26( 5,38( 5,08( 3 6,050 3 5,670 3 3 5,600 3 5,400 5,040 3 5,610 ) 7,075 16,025 1 *i9*575 ) 14,860 11,560 ) 9,575 ) 8,720 ) 9,000 ) ) 9,025 ) 8,000 7,425 ) 6,850 ) 7,350 ) 7,800 5,650 5,650 10. 7,125 7,275 6,910 6,550 6,460 6,100 11 11,800 15,100 14,920 15,400 16,400 6,125 6,500 6,625 6,700 6,360 6,300 5,475 12 5,550 5,400 13 11,450 10, 700 11,275 12,125 11,860 10,910 14 5,340 5,180 5,160 5,140 5,180 5,140 5,100 13,700 12,800 15,920 27,000 24,700 17,960 16 5,380 17 6,275 7,350 8,000 8,480 8,420 7,550 5,400 5,180 5,000 13,410 11,680 10,850 9,650 8,720 8,440 5,750 6,250 5,970 5,950 6,075 6,100 19 20 9,300 9,225 8,600 8,630 9,350 9,350 5,120 21 5,120 22 5,140 5,100 5,060 5,020 5,000 4,820 13,600 14,590 18,370 15,550 13,170 11,740 23 5,690 24 6,300 5,990 5,930 5,750 5,930 5,770 5,220 5,120 25 7,760 7,500 7,450 7,075 6,100 7,450 7,820 7,800 7,500 7,075 26 7,150 6,650 6,500 "6," 460 8,720 8,560 8,480 8,540 ' '6*9i6 5,020 27 8,750 14,710 12,150 10,150 •10,025 4,800 28 4,800 29 5,060 5,040 9,150 10,450 9. 950 30 4,920 3* .... MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 203 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1867-68. 1868-69. 4,900 4,900 4,980 4,960 4,880 8,400 7,600 5,990 6,525 5,910 5,525 5,360 5,340 6,460 6,050 5,930 6,050 5,910 5,710 5,525 5,380 5,450 5,180 5,220 5,240 6,100 6,870 6,575 6,460 5,970 5,180 5,040 4,960 5,100 5,220 5,200 5,260 4,940 5,340 7,400 9,150 8,420 7,760 7,125 6,850 6,275 6,200 5,870 5,950 5,950 5,950 5,790 5,790 6,050 5,830 6,050 6,050 6,150 5,850 5,930 5,750 5,810 5,690 5,770 5,650 5,300 5,360 5,200 5,260 5,320 5,380 5,770 5,990 6,380 7,325 14, 500 12,500 10,450 9,400 9,025 7,900 8,400 9,650 12, 825 12,650 10,880 8,660 8,150 7,650 7,800 7,820 7,900 7,500 7,375 7,125 9,775 12,275 9,650 6,775 5,950 5,930 5,990 5,650 6,275 5,750 5,770 5,650 6,125 5,850 5,320 5,690 5,890 6,100 5,575 5,650 5,600 5,670 5,670 6,460 7,600 7,475 8,900 8,025 6,300 6,850 6,830 6,850 7,275 7,450 7,100 7,350 7,325 7,000 6,400 6,175 6,030 6, 125 6,975 5,670 5,950 5,790 6,440 6,650 5,830 5,790 5,670 5,5751 6,175 5,990 5,710 5,650 6,200 5,425 5,475 6,575 6,700 7,050 6,950 5,850 5,950 5,910 6,030 5,710 5,525 5,525 5,930 5,280 5,850 5,850 5,830 5,575 5,730 5,850 5,550 5,990 5,830 5,475 5,950 5,950 6,575 6,650 7,550 7,675 7,700 7,275 7,175 6,700 6,650 6,320 6,300 6,300 6,225 6,460 6,125 6,175 5,340 5,500 5,340 5,890 5,770 6,550 5,910 5,810 5,790 6,300 5,770 5,670 6,075 5,670 5,910 5,060 5,650 6,225 5,810 5,600 5,910 5,400 5,830 6,360 7,575 7,900 8,950 10, 850 5,910 5,300 5,730 5,525 5,600 5,575 16,275 14,950 17,340 20, 150 20,900 17, 250 6,010 5,525 5, 750 5,280 5,550 5,600 11,375 10,050 9,600 9,075 8,950 8,540 6,360 6,500 5,650 5,750 6,175 6,175 9.150 9,025 6,725 6,300 5,890 5,930 6,500 6,050 6,010 5,600 5,400 5,600 5,425 5,450 6,075 5,810 5,525 6,850 7,860 9,150 5,810 6,850 7,475 7,450 7,125 6,750 9, 325 9,025 8,420 7,650 7,325 7,125 6,360 6,400 6.810 6,525 6,360 5,890 7,150 6,500 6,380 6,440 6,340 7,075 13,320 17,130 22,950 ,050 10, 700 10, 700 9,100 8,225 8,050 7,950 8,250 8,225 8,325 8,025 7, 7,900 8,400 9,275 14, 065 12, 560 11,300 9,900 9,450 8,630 7,950 7,975 8,100 10,180 15, 400 18,030 8,500 8,075 7,840 9,150 14,920 16, 485 12, 470 13,550 11,250 9,900 9,400 9,950 13, 750 12,470 13,750 13,020 11,800 11,175 12,825 14,275 16,225 16, 450 21,930 24,500 9,100 8,975 8,540 8,440 30, 000 28, 300 22,200 18, 100 15, 250 14, 100 24,300 22, 950 21, 790 13,350 22, 700 19,990 18, 160 18, 980 18,370 13, 700 14,300 15, 130 13,440 12, 850 11,950 16, 625 16,200 15, 430 15,160 15, 100 16,450 11,250 10,940 11,000 10, 790 12, 175 11,560 22, 700 25,400 27, 400 31,000 33,600 25, 150 12,100 13, 170 13,020 11,830 12,125 11,590 20, 780 19,100 17,100 15,400 15,310 9,275 8,900 8,480 8,520 8,600 8,460 9,600 8,560 8,200 8,000 7,400 7,075 7,325 8,600 8,840 8,200 7,450 7,050 6,480 6,300 7,i 7,740 8,275 7,800 7,200 6,870 6,870 6,750 6,460 6,050 5,690 5,750 5,770 6,100 5,910 5,670 5,710 5,970 6,890 6,675 6,500 6,460 6, 440 6,625 7.175 5,670 5,550 5,500 5,140 5,020 4,900 4,840 4,960 4,900 5,320 4,920 4,840 4,780 4,700 4,920 5,040 5,120 5,000 V 4,940 5,000 5,320 5,180 4,940 5,040 5,040 7,450 6,910 6,400 5,770 5,770 5,500 5,360 5,340 6,200 5,710 5,710 5,400 5,550 5,400 5,525 5,400 5,340 5,280 5,160 5,260 7,900 5,140 5,100 4,960 4,760 5,320 5,060 4,740 4,900 4, 4,900 5,000 4, 4,860 5,22C 5,080 5.400 5,525 5,240 5,220 5,120 5,' 4,760 4,760 5,100 4,920 5,140 4,900 4,900 4,940 5,020 4,920 5,040 5,020 4,920 4,940 4.! S40 4,900 4,820 4,700 4,620 4,540 4,800 5,060 5,080 5,000 4,960 4,920 4,860 4,960 4,860 4,740 4,940 4,760 4,740 4,640 4.6801 204 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the yean ending Sept. 80, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1869-70. 1870-71. 5,525 5,200 5,300 32,600 45,900 25,350 15,250 11,400 7,650 7,275 7,075 7,075 6,910 6,910 9,525 18,400 19,415 17,100 20,255 16,696 6,870 6,625 6,500 6,360 6,300 6,030 14,100 12,175 10,700 9,650 9,175 8,275 11,200 11,250 9,700 9,025 8,300 8,025 4,300 4,540 4,580 4,740 4,760 4,660 4,600 4,660 4,640 4,720 4,660 4.'""" 4,640 4,600 4,740 4,500 4,640 4,500 5,140 4,940 4,620 4,880 4,640 4,840 5,850 5,575 5,550 6,950 6,850 14,410 11,950 9,800 8,810 8,000 7,450 7,150 6,r- 4,840 4,!""" 4,800 4,660 5,020 5,360 5,260 4,920 4,960 4,840 6,225 5,160 5,060 5,140 5,100 5,180 5,100 5,180 4,940 4,920 5,400 5,320 5,690 5,300 5,280 7,125 9,400 10,575 8,400 6,850 5,600 6,810 6,675 6,950 7,820 6,750 6,600 6,850 6,340 6,320 6,725 7,900 7,840 7,650 7,840 8,925 9,775 12,350 14,590 16, 800 17,190 5,340 5,260 5,140 5,040 4,900 5,000 5,000 5,400 5,200 5,300 6,625 6,950 6,275 5,525 5,200 5,280 5,180 5,180 5,340 5,550 ,900 5,450 5,100 4,700 4,740 5,080 4,720 13,785 24,600 34, 400 26,300 18,400 15,400 12,225 '9,' 775 9,450 9,925 9,800 9,325 9,750 9,125 8,780 8,225 7,800 8,520 9,425 9,100 8,950 8,810 7,900 8,125 7,840 6,750 7,100 7,840 7,325 7,950 7,675 7,575 7,700 7,550 7,175 9,950 10,675 12,100 12,250 11, 125 9,900 7,575 7,350 7,860 8,870 9,025 16,275 6,400 6,850 7,475 6,850 7,025 9,550 9,900 10,760 12,350 12,225 11,200 29,000 19,250 14,950 12,800 11,050 9,575 7,050 7,425 7,900 8,325 8,300 8,000 ),775 9,375 4,880 4,920 4,880 4,880 4,840 4,840 4,920 4, 5,020 4,940 9,525 13,050 15,310 18,250 8,950 8,175 7,450 7,525 4,980 4,960 4,800 4,700 4,600 4,780 5,625 4,820 4,720 4,r- 4,700 4,700 8, 200 7,840 7,600 7,400 7,050 7,350 4,700 5,340 5,950 6,340 6,100 5,500 5,100 4,r 4,: 4,700 4,760 4,700 17,160 22,900 15,610 11,425 9,700 8,925 6,400 5,750 5,600 5,690 5,575 5,320 7,375 7,800 7,375 6,625 5,910 6,625 7,900 8,025 12,800 15,400 12,560 10,910 11,250 10,300 5,180 4,960 8,540 8,175 7,975 7,700 7,650 19,990 20,700 19,645 17," 18,250 20,940 21,650 24,600 25,000 30,300 32,350 28,000 26,200 21,140 26; 200 50,400 58,400 44,000 34,200 21,790 23,000 22,000 18,940 17,040 16, 7,975 7,450 7,450 7,675 7,525 7,100 8,325 8^440 8,350 9,750 9,950 8,560 7,425 7,720 7,900 7,500 8,250 9,275 9,400 8,500 8,025 7,425 7,250 8,500 13,200 12,300 11,650 11,125 11,050 10,550 9,200 9,575 10,240 10,650 11,590 11,710 9,850 9,350 9,400 8,950 8,400 8,175 7,650 7,450 7,500 7,625 7,350 7,200 3,525 8,630 8,150 7,950 7,820 10,730 20,325 21,545 18,250 14,300 12,225 10,700 9,825 8,580 7,860 7,500 7,075 7,025 6,625 6,850 6,975 6,725 6,500 5,910 5,890 5,650 5,550 6,225 6,125 5,~~" 5,600 5,750 5,730 5,850 6,250 6,250 5, 5,850 5,850 5,730 5,575 5,650 5,575 5,550 5,475 5,360 5,260 5,360 5,: 5,320 5,240 5,300 5,< 5,: 5,850 5,425 5,360 5,300 5,100 5,200 5,060 5,180 5,180 5,160 5,160 5,180 5,200 5,650 6,725 6,950 6,440 6,010 5,690 5,360 5,360 5,200 5,140 5,040 5,200 5,240 5,000 5,000 4, 5,020 4, 5,360 5,000 5,000 7,050 4,960 4,920 5,000 4,— 4,960 4, 4, 4,860 5,060 7,025 4,920 4,660 4,840 4,740 5,000 5,666 5,666 5,020 4,940 4.'"" 4,840 5,060 5,020 4,900 4,840 4,940 4,820 4,420 4,360 4,680 4,560 4,500 4,740 4,500 4,600 4,420 4,320 4,360 4,860 4,560 4,800 4,840 4,580 4,620 4,700 4 4,740 4,700 4,600 4,640 4,540 4,360 4, 4,780 4, 4,580 4, 4,580 4,820 4,620 4,740 4,840 4,860 4,840 4,900 4 4,860 4, 4,720 4,- 4,700 4,560 4, 4,840 4,700 4,740 4,300 4,500 4,560 4,560 4,600 4,420 4,760 4,700 4,700 5,750 6,150 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 205 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. 1871-72. 1872-73. Oct. 4,340 4,440 4,500 4,320 4,300 4,380 4,740 4,660 Nov. 5,600 5,360 5,240 5,300 5,450 5,140 4,980 5,000 4,900 4,600; 4,860 4,800 7,900 11,680 5,140 5,100 5,040 6,870! 15,670 6,125 19,575 5,850 14,800 5,810 5,400 9,550 Dec. 5,300 5,060| 4,960 5,000. 4, 940 5,000' 8,630 8,150 8,200 7,860 8,000 6,700 5,950 8,050, 7, 675 1 7,300 7,075 6,675 8,660 8,150 8,440 8,100 7,975 7,600 7,425 7,375 7,375 11,000 13,320 6,500 6,175 6,625 7,250 7,075 9,850 6,460 8,750 10,100 6,625 15,700 9,200 14,590 9,675 8,600 7,700 7,550; 14,440 8,560 7,860 7,525 7, 200 , 7,075 11,150 10,150 9,525 9,150 8,400 8,275 9,550 10.3H0 9, !."»() 8,460 8,025 8,150 8,325 7,' 760 7,550 8,025 6,275 6,400 6,575 5,910 5,650 6,010 5,380 5,360 5,200 5,140 5,425 5,240 4,960 5,040 4,840 5, 650 6,100 5,320 9,150 9,850 9,725 8,600 7,525 7,200 7,425 7,475 7,475 7,150 7,000 6,400 6,950 7,000 7,200 6,440 6,420 6,340 6,200 6,010 5,890 6,010 7,100 6,975 8,275 8,225 8,520 8,100 7,575 Jan. 6,400 6,340 6,175 6,030 6,340 6,575 8,750 8,400 7,900 7,740 7,760 7,675 6,320 Feb. 5,300 5,360 5,200 5,320 5,120 5,100 5,220 5,220 4,960 Mar. 5,280 5,180 4,940 5,425 5,525 5,260 5,000 4,820 Apr. 6,100 5,710 6,870 3,400 4,' 5,000 5,500 5,380 5,730 5,930 5,525 5,525 5,850 11,050 15, 100 17, 400 25, 500 27,400 23,700 May. 9,250 8,900 10,300 13,500 10, 700 9,650 8,925 8,440 8,720 8,600 21,930 7,575 7,350 7,250 June. 7,175 7,125 7,150 7,250 11,500 14,065 12, 350 10,850 11,025 16,025 12, 800 10, 700 9,650 July. 5,320 5,400 5,850 17,400 6,910 5,140 5,380 14,350 6,500 8,325 5,425 5,120 12,300 6,440 7,650 5,040 5,140 5,100 11,375' 7,125 5,100 5,100 5,550 11,650 6,500 6,870 5,425 5,320 5,360 5,650 5,710 5,200 5,020 5,525 5,550 7,075 7,050 6,400 6,275 6,790 7,075 7,400 6,830 7,000 7,200 6,950 6,380 6,400 6,400 6,700 8,400 13,020 11,500 11,800 9,900 9,150 9,150 8,075 7,700 7,720 7,720 7,525 5,040 5,100 5,400 5,040 5,300 5,750 5,240 5,120 7,050 7,450 6,910 6,790 6,975 6,850 6,850 8,250 7,475 7,400 6,r 6,790 6,625 6,400 6,300 6,125 6,300 6,380 6,275 5,340 5,120 4,900 5,020 5,000 4,880 5,000 5,450 5,750 5,970 6,100 6,100 6,400 6,340 6,340 5,930 6,050 6,200 6,100 6,300 6,300 6,250 7,075 6,625 6,100 6,300 6,300 6, 340 6,440 6,300 6,675 6,550 6,750 6,675 6,600 6,300 6,380 6,250 6,225 10,450 12,225 14,530 14,250 12,250 11, 275 10,650 11,425 9,900 12,960 14,650 16,520 17,340 17,250 17, 100 17,750 20,580 25,700 27,550 26,300 24,300 6,810 7, 450 7,150 7,375 8,750 7,400 7,050 6,950 7,325 7,650 13,140 13,230 14,350 15,250 14, 100 13,200 11,980 11,175 11,680 14,710 19,575 18, 100 15, 100 21,825 12,650 20,900 11,250 20,900 20,360 9,950 9,175 19, 190 19,470 18,430 16,890 16,200 15,700 13, 625 13,785 13,890 8,900 8,520 9,025 9,525 10,575 9,975 8,925 9,300 9,075 8,250 6,500 6,075 5,790 5,790 5,870 6,750 6,700 6,810 6,575 6,500 6,340 6,175 6,750 6,750 6,500 5,990 6,030 6,125 5,950 5,750 5,600 5,450 5,340 5,340 5,240 5,140 5,100 5,000 4,900 4,900 4.800 5,020 6,100 5,850 5,525 ,500 5,810 5,670 5,525 5,400 5,360 5,360 5,400 Aug. 6,075 5,750 5,525 5,550 5,360 5,240 5,100 5,0001 4,920 Sept. 5,400 5,320 5,400 7,700 5,160 10,525 5,100 10,300 4 " 5,140 5,060 5,450 5,120 5,200 5,475 5,200 5,200 5,450 5,770 6,250 4,840 4,800 4,920 5,000 5,425 5,100 4,960 5,060 5,020 5,000 5,000 5,000 4,960 4,920 4,900 5,280 15,490 11,050 8,560 7,700 8,630 12,150 8,025 7,250 6,675 6,300 6,225 8,275 5,120 5,080 5,140 5,140 4,900 4,940 4,940 5,060 5,060 4,900 5,040 5,000 5,040 6,100 5,710 5,260 5,100 5,040 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,080 5,080 5,160 5,040 5,040| 4,960 5,040. 5,260 5,100 5,200 7,175 4,940 5,000 5,300 5,200 206 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1873-74. 1874-75. 5,120 5,040 5,160 4.960 5,120 5,500 14,065 15,700 10,880 6,790 6,175 5,950 5,810 5,650 5,650 5,525 8,400 26, 100 19, 830 13,080 9,975 7,860 8,150 13,550 10,910 9,275 5,000 5,380 5,600 5,550 5,400 5,240 5,220 5,160 5,475 6,010 5,670 5,475 5,380 5,360 5,200 5,320 5,280 4,i 5,000 5,180 5,120 5,220 5,140 5,240i 5,080 5,000! 5,000 7,975 "l, 450 7,000 6,550 6,300 6,460 6,300 8,500 7,780 7,325 7,025 6,930 6,810 6,340 6,100 6,225 6,075 6,250 6,050 5,870 5,970 6,750 6,340 6,300 5,120 5,040 4,940 5,120 4,900 4,960 5,040 5,200 5,140 5,000 4,920 4,940 5,240 5,000 4,940 4,1 5,140 5,220 5,200 5,160 5,240 5,200 5,750 6,870 6,050 5,770 5,850 9,900 12,900 5,890 6,175 6,125 10,330 8,840 8,580 8,560 7,740 8,150 8,225 13,925 14,950 16,375 28,750 30,800 9,500 8,900 7,975 7,880 7,475 7,475 16,060 12, 150 10,575 9,100 7,550 8,400 6,650 6,340 5,990 8,050 8,225 8,900 8,500 8,900 10,650 6,300 5,950 5,930 6,200 6,700 5,425 5,770 5,400 5,525 5,340 11,200 10, 100 8,580 8,400 8,025 7,575 5,000 4,740 5,450 5,220 5,200 5,160 5,220 5,080 4,960 4,840 4,900 4,840 4,640 4,760 5,160 5,710 5,180 5,160 5,160 5,550 5,360 5,080 4,940 5,380 5,475 5,810 5,575 5.475 7,700 7,375 6,675 7,075 7,225 6,950 7,250 7,475 9,275 12,275 14,410 13,380 6,500 7,720 6,930 6,500 6,770 9,750 8,150 7,300 6,625 7,475 6,750 12,250 11, 150 10,550 8,075 7,525 7,325 6,950 6,790 7,125 8,200 10,760 12,650 9,875 11,800 10,650 9,100 8,325 8,540 10,150 9,150 7,900 7,625 7,740 7,840 5,240 5,360 5,240 5,100 5,400 5,200 7,375 7,175 9,525 9,000 7,700 7,325 6,870 6,675 5,710 5,070 5,730 5,525 5,750 6,125 6,175 5,770 5,575 5,525 5,475 5,550 6,460 6,460 5,770 5,790 5,750 5,625 5,650 6,950 i,625 i,790 12,470 11,920 6,400 6,400 6,790 6,910 7,700 7,925 11,920 12,900 13,200 13,600 12,500 14,440 9,650 10,350 10, 150 9,225 8,480 8,600 7,760 7,600 7.900 9,650 11,125 10,475 9,225 10,450 11,950 11,300 10,850 10,790 10,500 11,350 12,410 13,320 7,475 8,840 12,010 25, 150 31,700 29,300 19,470 15,920 17,310 16,695 14, 500 12,620 13,625 16,400 6,100 7,100 8,175 8,350, 19,950 7,760 15,250 5,060 5,120 4,900 5,320 5,380' 5,600 5,340 5,360 5,400 5,425 5,750 5,160 5,100 5,500 5,600 5,400 6,250 5,380 5,240] 5,220 12,530 7,000, 10,760 6,750 9,975 6,575 9,850 6,050 7,740 8,350 5,770 5,575 6,050 6,150 6,675 11,200 11,475 11,000 10,360 10,300 13,200 14,950 13,350 12,040 12,675 12,350 9,200 9,425 8,200 7,820 7,700 14,500 12,725 12,350 11,530 14, 100 20,325 7,860 7,300 7,000 8,300 17,280 16,130 13,925 13,960 17,400 14,950 12,675 11,475 9,975 8,750 8,225 8,150 8,225 7,375 6,320 6,320 10,300 12,225 12, 650 11, 125 9,600 9,650 13,380 6,100 5,970 5,890 5,790 5,525 13,650 13,750 12,900 12,150 12,300 10,730 5,525 5,400 5,450 5,930 6,500 6,750 6,225 5,910 9,275 8,500 8,250 7,800 7,860 8,150 4,900 5,790 8,900 8,250 8,175 8,350 7,700 6,890 12,275 12,100 7,900 6,625 6,460 6,175 6,500 5,990 5,870 7,200 7,450 ,790 ,500 4,940 4,920 6,525 6,050 5,670 5,710 5,450 5,400 5,360 6,500 6,360 5,890 5,670 5,r 7,250 6,300 5,850 5,750 5,575 5,425 5,550 5,870 5,C~ 5,500 5,320 5,T~ = 5,220 5,360 5,160 5,040 5,200 5,020 5,690 5,575 5,500 6,650 5,340 5,040 ST 5,180 5,120 5,120 5,380 7,125 6,340 5,810 5,525 5,400 5,360 5,280 5,200 5,320 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 207 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the yearn ending Sept. SO, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. 5,280 5,140 Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July Aug. Sept. 1875-76. 12, 175 12,350 9,125 7,700 6,850 6,725 "6," 275 6,075 5,850 6,930 10, 150 9,825 """" 900 7,760 8,225 8,540 7,925 7,450 "l, 325 6,550 6,320 7,10C 7,78C 6,79C 6,10C 6,075 5,93C 5,850 5,79C 5,770 5,750 "5,'34C 5,50C 5,850 5,525 5,550 6,050 "l, 075 5,850 5,400 5,600 5,890 6,200 8,900 10, 075 9,050 7,250 7,250 6,625 6,550 6,910 7,025 7,175 6,380 5,650 "5," 650 5,650 5,750 6,380 7,250 7,740 "6," 480 6,100 5,930 5,910 5,575 5,710 5,910 6,050 7,325 6,175 6,300 '*5,' 650 5,67C 5,525 5, 71C 5,65C 5,50C 6.25C 21,825 '14,650 13,995 12, 775 12,800 13, 440 14, 680 i4, 440 14,350 14, 410 'i9,"220 23, 200 '29,' 666 23, 800 19, 950 16, 375 15,010 14, 950 'i5,'280 16, 325 15,640 14, 470 13,625 13,550 'i6,'730 15, 640 15, 160 14,300 14,350 15, 340 "13*230 12, 440 11, 890 "ii,425 10, 650 9,600 9,375 9,225 9,650 11, 800 15, 430 "14*710 12,530 11,770 11,620 11,000 9,775 "9,225 13, 26C 13,380 12, 25C 11,68C 11, 50C 11,075 i2,"47C 15, 10C 17, 715 18, 130 22, 70C 23, 200 "i4,'i50 12, 850 11, 530 11, 125 10, 910 10, 650 'i6,'390 11, 620 12, 275 10, 500 9,525 9,175 "8," 400 8,720 8,480 9,425 9,600 11,325 10, 700 9,600 "8,'i50 7,900 7,700 7,450 7,780 7,700 "7," 275 6,910 7,100 7,200 7,075 7,100 6,275 6,675 6,600 6,250 6,910 7,550 "7,' 050 6, S50 6,500 6,050 7,780 5,60C 7,475 6,890 5,34C 5,525 5,910 5,770 5,710 5,450 5,575 5,120 5,200 5,220 5,340 5,100 "5,' 450 5,400 5,200 5,040 4,960 5,160 5,280 5,060 4,980 4,900 4,840 4,740 "i, 960 4,880 4,980 4,820 8,100 6,790 6,050 5,625 5,550 5,500 5,450 5,320 5,000 5,360 "5," 260 5,380 5,340 5,400 5,950 6,790 "5,' 850 5,690 5,525 5,380 5,340 5,320 i6'550 11,500 7, 860 6,870 6,300 4,880 2 4,740 3 4 5,400 5,220 5,220 5,360 5,400 5,200 4,860 4,860 4,940 5 ... 8,025 11,30C 10,50C 9,075 7,975 7,525 7,575 6,950 6,975 6,910 6,725 6,675 "6,"i50 5,990 5,950 5,970 5,910 5,890 5,650 5,500 5,710 5,990 5,730 5,790 5,690 "5,"600 5,525 5,400 5,550 5,750 6,380 6,225 6,010 6,175 5,970 5,750 5,650 "5,' 600 5,550 5,100 5,450 5,450 5,380 5,575 5,360 5, 260 5, 400 5,380 5,020 5,45C 5,34C 5,30C 5,14C "5," 425 5,20C 4,96C 5,200 5,300 5,240 "5," 320 5,340 4,900 5,000 5,060 5,040 "5," 220 5,300 5,575 5,475 5,160 5,120 "6,'i75 "l, 075 7,425 "6," 460 5,810 5,690 "5," 600 5,475 5,550 5,550 5,575 5,400 5,450 5,300 5,140 5,300 5,450 5,500 * 6,166 5,600 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,260 "5,566 5,500 6 7 4,900 8 6,050 12.90C 4,900 4,560 9 6,750 6,750 6,360 6,340 "8," 025 7,400 7,500 7,700 7,575 7,350 6,930 6,625 6,300 7,025 7,050 6,300 "5,690 5,625 19, 28C 18,610 15, 790 " 16," 600 10, 150 10,050 9,000 8,225 7,860 "7," 050 7,050 15, 100 16,325 15,250 13,260 '28,' 650 27, 100 25, 150 31, 750 28,000 5,200 5,120 5,525 10 . 11 6,275 5,870 5,525 5,400 5,400 5,320 5,000 4,900 4,860 4,860 4,920 4,400 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 5,550 5,400 5,650 5,525 5,300 5,240 5,040 4,900 4,960 5,000 5,380 5,200 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 5,475 5,260 5,300 5,360 5,650 5,670 5,280 5,140 5,080 5,120 26 6,770 7,150 "'9,'666 7,125 '*6,'250 6,550 6,550 6,525 6,300 5,650 5,525 **5,' 425 5,380 5,280 5,340 5,100 5,060 5,500 5,180 4,920 4,960 4,840 4,940 "5," 280 5,360 5,200 5,200 5,120 5,140 5,320 5,280 5,180 5,040 5,240 27 28 29 5,000 5,200 30 6,225 5,280 5,475 5,670 5,690 5,690 . 5,670 "5," 300 5,475 5,500 5,525 5,400 5,525 "5," 790 5,730 5,790 5,690 5,450 5,380 "5," 320 5,340 5,625 5,850 5,690 5,425 "5,' 400 5,280 5,380 5,200 5,475 5,320 1876-77. 1 4,960 4,960 4,900 4,800 5,000 5,100 4,920 5,100 5,280 5,910 """." 700 6,500 6,150 5,950 5,690 5,650 "5,'550 5,550 5,650 6,275 6,360 6,125 ~'5~ 990 5,850 5,625 6,050 2 5,400 5,320 5,360 5,200 5,360 5,180 3 5,890 5,690 5,475 5 180 4 5 5,300 5,300 5,340 5,200 5,080 5,400 7,200 7,200 7,625 7,325 7,625 11, 890 6 5,360 5 360 8 9 5,450 5,450 5,200 5,200 5,240 4,900 10 5 400 11 5,320 5 140 12 5,120 5,670 5,670 5,300 5,100 5,160 16, 425 13, 925 11,650 10,390 9,375 8,520 13 5,100 5,220 5 080 14 15 16 5,400 5,400 5,160 4,940 4,740 4,900 17 5 140 18 5 260 19 5,220 5,525 5,160 4,980 5,160 5,100 7,450 7,325 7,100 7,300 8,175 9,400 5,320 5,280 5,000 5,000 20 21 22 23 4,900 4,740 4,860 5,060 4,960 4,860 24 5,120 4 980 25 26 5,H20 5,280 5,200 9,975 13, 500 29, 100 41,500 38, OOOj 26, 500| 5,020 4,880 4,900 4,780 27 28 29 30 4,860 5,000 31 208 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1877-78. 1878-79. 4,700 4,700 4,600 4, 4,960 6,650 5,850 6,010 6,650 7,720 8,600 7,675 7,025 6,770 6,870 6,790 6,625 7,700 8,300 8,900 8,375 7,700 7,840 5,420 5,850 5,550 4, 4,780 4,520 4,700 4,920 4,800 4,r - 4,700 4,600 4,740 4,740 4,940 4,! 4,900 4,920 4,800 4,800 4,840 4,880 4,640 5,320 6,950 8,100 5,500 5,710 5,710 6,320 6,500 7,720 ii,'i25 10,300 12, 675 11, 10, 760 16,325 11, 950 12, 750 11, 225 9,775 9,125 8,540 8,225 8,300 7,: 7,500 7,150 7,075 14, 100 17, 855 9,525 8,630 8,540 9,200 13,500 13, 410 9,850 9,500 8,400 8,300 8,200 7,150 7,840 7,840 7,400 7,075 7,025 6,950 6,675 12, 750 5,710 5,790 5,550 5, 5,380 5,320 5,200 5,200 5,240 5,240 5,060 5, 5,120 4,900 *5," 6,525 9,150 8,580 5,810 9,975 14,440 11,450 9,950 12, 990 12, 990 6,625 6,100 6,050 6.050 ,050 9,975 12,300 23,200 20, 150 15, 580 12, 175 9,300 8,600 23,000 36,000 23,300 13,960 11,375 10,025 10,025 8,780 7,900 9,725 9,500 9,075 8,660 8,300 7,450 7.840 6,100 5,650 5,650 5,550 5,600 6,100 5,750 5,650 5,475 5,970 7,820 9,250 7,600 7,150 7,100 7,840 9,250 9,475 7,760 7,700 8,420 8,540 8,250 7,_225 7,200 6,810 6,200 6,075 6,200 6,480 6,275 5,770 5,950 6,400 6,440 5,850 6,200 6,320 5,850 5,850 .5,930 5,575 7,375 5,730 5,810 5,850 5, 790 5,460 5, 725 *,600 *,580 7,000 6,380 ,300 ,360 ,460 10, 790 11,425 11,450 11,050 10, 730 13, 785 12, 275 11, 450 11, 225 10, 760 10,730 11,275 32, 700 28, 550 22, 350 17,310 5,830 11, 250 10, 575 10, 075 8,750 8,630 7,780 7,625 7,625 6,910 6,675 7, 000 6,320 6,030 6,275 7,050 10, 210 9,775 9,075 8,810 16, 165 16,920 14, 980 14, 470 14,150 16,555 10, 450 18, 14,300 16, 765 14, 250 12, 150 11, 225 10, 420 5,690 5,575 5,450 5,500 5,320 5,400 13, 600 12, 960 14, 275 14, 100 13, 080 11, 980 5,930 11, 100 11, 050 10,525 10, 150 10, 150 11,375 5,810 6,300 5,400 5,500 5,500 5,575 5,650 6,100 5,575 7,125 10,450 13, 110 14,500 9,450 8,480 7,820 7,425 7,250 7,550 6,930 6, 850 6,225 6,420 7, 625 7,700 7,425 7,025 7,050 7,525 7,175 6, 13, 750 12, 100 11,350 11, 050 10,300 9,725 10, 240 10, 025 9,575 9,775 23, 900 30, 100 9,200 8,660 8,200 8,100 7,740 7,525 7,740 8,300 7,650 7,250 7,000 6,575 7,500 6,975 6,950 6,910 6,975 6,575 10,790 10,025 6,600 6,830 8,050 9,200 9,100 8,630 8,440 7,800 7,300 7,200 7,175 7,125 7,275 7,475 8,200 9,100 8,840 8,975 11, 800 8,075 9,275 10,300 11,350 12,300 11,860 11,000 11, 920 13,575 15,340 15, 955 16,830 15, 790 16, 555 18,490 20,325 21,965 20,395 6,500 6,275 6,225 5,970 5,830 24,600 24,200 19,310 5,950 5, 6,010 5,~" 5,770 5,525 8,100 10,300 9,400 7,860 7,075 6,500 5,950 5,810 6,360 13,995 12, 875 9, 325 12,850 8,925 12,850 11,075 10,420 9,425 9,350 9,325 9,725 9,400 9,925 11,400 11, 860 12,800 11, 590 10,450 8,975 17, 680 18, 340 21, 050 7,675 7,200 6,850 6,810 6,300 6,075 7,500 6,950 6,460 6,100 6,930 7,075 7,000 9,150 10,' 7,175 8,275 7,450 6,750 6,050 5,730 5,830 5,790 5,650 6,175 6,125 5,""" 5,525 5,380 5,340 5,550 5,550 5,500 5,300 5,340 5,140 5,340 5,300 5, 5,240 5,120 5,000 5,280 5,280 5,140 5,400 5, '5,'300 5,425 5,320 6,700 6,420 5,930 5,360 5,550 5,500 5,380 5,000 5, 5,120 5,000 5,320 5,120 5,T" 5,280 5,220 5,320 5,320 5,120 5,140 4,960 5,600 6,810 7,400 6,380 5, 690| 5,850 5,340 5,380 5,810 6,700 8,600 9,100 7,650 6,790 6,125 5,850 5,830 5,910 5,950 5,810 5/600 5,425 5,550 5,650 5,690 5, 750 5,575 5,525 5,550 5,500 5,360 5,240 5,240 5,000 5,000 5,020 4, 5,160 5,100 5,040 4,920 5,140 5,690 10,850 10,390 7,975 6,750 6,030 5,380 5,400 5,525 5,340 5,300 5,475 5,400 5,360 5,450 5,600 5,575 5,575 5,450 5,340 5,450 5,360 5,400 5,730 5,575 5,400 5,320 5,260 5,200 5,320 5,300 4,920 4,800 4,900 4,800 4,760 5,260 5,140 5,060 5,320 5,060 5,320 5,260 5,260 5,180 5,320 5,200 5,180 5,240 7,400 7,150 5,990 5,450 5,360 5,320 5,100 4,840 5,000 5,040 5,020 5,100 4,920 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 209 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. 1879-80. 5,140 4,! 4,980 4,900 4,940 25 4,940 1880-81. Oct. 4, 5,000 4,960 4, 5, 5,040 4,940 4,920 4,940 5,000 4,940 4,940 4,900 4,920 4, r Nov, 5,220 5,140 5,040 5,000 5,040 4, 4, 4,920 5,240 4,420 4, 4,140 4,140 4, 4,280 3,970 4,060 4,100 4,100 4,000 4,020 4,060 4,040 4, 0X0 4,080 4,080 4,100 4, 080 4,040 4,200 4,480 4,400 4,320 4,360 4,360 5,300 5,340 5,575 5,! 7,300 8,520 7,325 6,890 6,625 6,225 6,175 5,475 5,525 5,360 5,340 Dec. 5,300 5,300 5,320 10, 025 7,100 6,320 5,320 5,425 7, 625 8,050 6,700 6,100 5, 000 6,420 5,790 5,400 5,300 5,020 5, 080 5,080 5, 120 5,060 5,000 4,900 4,820 4,900 4,940 10, 790 8,025 7,050 6,790 6,380 6,420 "9," 900 12, 825 9,350 7,950 7,880 7,975 Jan. 5,670 5,240 5,830 6,700 6,770 7,075 6,300 5,550 5,730 6,300 5,850 5,300 5,790 5,750 5,790 6,075 5,770 5,830 5, 5,710 6,440 5,870 5,400 5,670 3,200 5,625 5,360 6,200 4,780 4, 4,900 4,940 4, 4,800 4,900 5, 000 4,700 5,180 4, 4,820 4,900 4,900 5,000 4,760 5,020 4,520 4,520 4,520 4,460 5,850 5,575 5,850 6,275 6,125 7,100 7,880 7,475 8,900 13, 925 12,380 13, 725 4,360 Feb. 4,680 4,500 4,440 4,480 4, 4,280 4, 360 4,440 4,440 4,420 4, 4, 800 5,040 4,640 4,720 4,840 4,720 4,480 4,400 4, 560 4,480 4J 4,580 5,040 4,740 4,800 5,320 5,600 40966°— wsp 415—16- 5,750 -14 13,020 10, 300 8,560 8,150 8,050 Mar. 7,525 6,770 6,625 6,075 6,650 9,700 13, 675 11,980 10, 700 11, 650 13,350 11, 500 ),400 5,540 7,: 7,720 8,150 5,240 5,500 5,600 5,550 5,320 11, 740 13,020 11, 800 10, 790 10,760 12, 650 12,410 10, 575 9,250 8,580 8,250 7,675 Apr. 6,675 6,750 7,075 13,350 18, 190 17,190 10,475 9,575 7,600 7,250 7,350 7,150 7,075 7,000 7,400 7,450 7,700 7,475 6,870 6,625 , 625 ,460 ,340 6,420 9,150 10, 575 12, 070 11,250 5,100 4, 4,780 4,640 4, 680 4, 8,870 9.275 7,820 7,900 7,400 7,325 6, 600 3,985 5,850 6, 650 5,930 5,970 5,625 8,150 7,950 7,600 7,475 7,225 7,450 9,725 8,925 8,870 8,975 8,540 8,175 7,450 7,275 7,325 7,375 7,400 8,150 8,350 May. 8,400 8,950 8,100 7,700 8,000 7,760 7,550 June. 6,550 6,360 6,320 6,300 5, 870 5,930 5,690 5,320 5,525 5,380 5,625 5,380 '5,"400 5,340 5,300 5,060 5,060 5,220 8,690 8,275 7,840 9,975 9, 200 7, 575 9, 350 7, 700 10,360 14, 530 9, 475 16,8001 10,790 11<; 425 11,075 11,075 14, 650 12, 930 12, 560 12, 700 12,010 11,025 12,040 11,950 12, 300 12, 150 11,375 11,950 12,100 11,920 12,225 12,650 11, 650 10,650 13.050 , 550 9,050 8,440 8,125 8,300 14,560 13,320 12, 850 12,825 10,270 9,300 8,720 8,420 8,150 8,025 8,175 8,325 8,500 10, 575 12,200 10, 700 8,375 12,010 17, 820 16, 225 16, 025 14, 980 11,770 10. 650 9,550 15, 010 8, 560 8,075 7,700 7,075 6,810 5,080 5,550 5, 5,425 5,220 5,200 5,100 5,200 5,320 5,240 5, 5,240 5,000 5,160 5,000 5,140 4,700 5,020 4/ 4,900 4,520 4,900 4,820 4,900 4,840 4,900 6,950 6,575 5,930 5,910 July. 5,990 5,550 5,525 5,750 5,710 6,175 7,700 7,075 0,950 6, 650 5,950 5,790 5,525 5,400 5,300 5,240 5,380 5,200 5,200 5,260 5,425 5, 625 4,780 4,820 4,840 5,650 5,100 5,020 4,880 4,840 4, 4,920 4,700 5,040 4,' 4,! 5,060 4, 1 4,940 5,060 5,475 5,475 5,240 5,160 5,080 5,040 5,080 4,800 5,970 5,690 5,220 5,040 5,100 5, 060 5,000 Aug. 4,900 5,040 5,160 4,920 4, 4,700 5, 020 4,940 4,900 4,860 4,960 5,000 4,940 4,940 7,350 7,880 7,025 6,725 5,060 4,900 4, 4, 4, 5,000 5,020 4,900 4,900 4,660 4,900 4,740 4,960 4,660 4,560 4,1 4,700 4,640 4,660 4,700 4,660 4,560 4,560 4,580 4,660 4,740 5, 5,320 5,240 5, 5,220 5,040 5,160 5,140 5,260 5,060 4, 4,900 4, 960 5,000 4,940 4,940 4,940 4,640 4,620 4,600 4, 560 4,600 4,640 4,600 4, 660 4,600 4,560 210 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1881-82. 1 4,840 5,380 5,710 5,360 5,320 5,600 " "6," 300 6,010 6,300 7,575 7,625 7,075 " '6," 575 6,870 6,440 6,050 5,970 5,650 7,950 7,700 6,950 ' *5," 890 5,450 "*5,"7i6 5,080 5,120 4,940 4,900 4,900 4,920 5,000 4,860 4,280 4,240 4,240 4,240 "4*320 4,240 4,240 4,240 4,240 4,280 "'4," 400 4,420 4,420 4,300 4,320 4,340 "4," 420 4,560 4,420 5,360 6,725 8,600 ""7*300 6,650 6,500 6,675 6,850 6,550 "*5,""66 5,200 5,500 6,010 6,460 5,930 '"5,*9i6 5,850 5,810 5,770 5,690 8,810 8,975 8,325 11,500 15, 400 15, 100 18,610 4,420 4,340 "4,' 460 4,340 4,320 4,340 4,400 4,340 4,320 4,160 4,160 4,160 4,160 4,160 "4, 500 4,420 4,340 4,340 4,340 4,260 4,420 4,380 4,420 4,420 4,340 'i2,*306 8,600 6,550 6,890 7,125 6,850 " "6," 950 7,840 8,100 7,740 7,275 6,830 6,625 6,550 6,420 5,950 6,125 5,950 "*7,'325 7,450 6,125 5,425 5,810 7,075 7,200 7,025 6,675 7,275 7,500 9,450 16,025 21,930 10, 100 "8," 975 9,475 9,725 "i6,"880 10, 360 "£6*390 10, 150 9,650 8,810 8,420 8,000 ""7," 840 7,760 7,975 8,275 9,650 9,950 ' "8," 460 7,900 7,200 7,025 6,910 7,450 ' '6,' 575 6,500 6,790 7,275 9,350 ' "9,'900 10, 940 13,320 14, 950 16, 800 23,100 19, 910 17,960 18, 160 18, 160 15,010 15,340 "l2," 530 11, 075 10, 125 9,225 9,025 8,660 "l, 720 7,375 7,325 7,150 6,950 6,675 6,700 " *6,"506 6,010 6,550 7,075 7,575 7,700 ' "8,*540 9,750 10,550 9,150 8,600 8,000 "16*075 10, 150 10,820 12,225 10, 450 9,450 "9,266 16,950 16, 130 7,625 7,225 7,050 7,075 7,500 " "8*366 10, 150 9,025 8,950 7,900 7,675 ""7*555 6,950 7,150 7,225 7,000 6,725 6,575 6,525 8,400 12,350 12,500 10, 700 ""8," "66 7,700 7,300 6, 975l 12,900 11, 300 12,960 5,10C **5,"73( 4,900 4,800 ) 4,900 4,820 ) 4,840 ""4," 920 4,900 4,800 1 4,860 4,760 4,800 4,940 4,840 4,780 4,840 4,880 4,600 4,440 4,520 4,480 4,520 4,520 4,480 "*4,440 4,480 4,360 4,320 4,780 4,620 4,740 4,680 4,900 4,760 4,760 4,760 4,700 4,760 "4," 840 4,640 4,580 4,380 4,240 4,040 "4,'i60 4,240 4,200 4,160 4,200 3,910 ' "4", '166 4,180 4,260 4,200 4,120 4,240 4,240 2 3 5,000 4,680 4,860 4,660 4,700 4,440 4 4,300 4,160 4,160 4,160 4,100 4,100 5 11,025 14,980 13,050 11, 150 9,800 9,075 '"8,"i"6 7,500 6,810 6,700 6,650 6,100 ""6*346 7,375 9,300 8,750 7,425 6,830 5,890 5,100 5,600 5,400 5,300 7,025 6,930 '"6," 480 5,670 5,525 5,750 5,750 5,910 5,650 5,340 6,500 6,250 5,870 5,670 " ~5,"3 40 5,120 5,060 5,550 13,380 8,560 "6," 250 5,360 5,020 5,080 5,000 4,920 6,22* 5,471 5,26( 5,24( " "5,"22( 5,18C 5,08C 4,96( 5,00C 5,04C " "5," 22C 5,10C 5,08C 4,80C 4,90C 4,86C "4,'88C 4,80C 4,86C 4,800 4,880 4,840 " "4," 780 "'4,946 4,960 " "5,626 4,860 5,100 "4, 960 4,880 4,820 4,860 4,880 4,940 5,120 5,670 6,625 5,500 5,340 5,060 " "5," 040 4,880 4,620 4,820 4,740 4,760 " "4, '820 4,720 6 6,770 6,225 5,790 6,360 5,970 6,200 16,800 15,700 14,275 12,960 12, 275 13,550 7 8 9.... 10 4,580 4,560 4,540 4,440 4,600 4,600 11 4,100 12 4,240 4,400 4,440 13 6, i75 6,275 7,860 9,050 10,300 12,250 "2, 700 11,650 10,420 9,425 9,475 9,100 14 15 4,400 4,420 16 17 4,660 4,700 4,640 5,140 5,400 5,240 18 4,480 4,480 19 20 12,410 10,850 9,575 8,630 8,690 8,375 8,950 9,100 9,325 9,175 8,«10 8,540 4,480 21 4,440 22 4,400 4,440 23 24 4,840 4,940 4,820 4,680 4,60Q 4,520 25 12,380 26 11,980 9,000 27 5,360 7,475 7,325 8,250 11,025 11,375 10,625 5,400 4,960 5,260 28 7,700 6,460 29 30 8,900 7,950 4,300 4,300 4,400 4,340 4,320 4,260 "4, 260 4,260 4,380 4,300 4,340 4,380 "4, 420 4,120 4,040 4,120 4,140 4,080 "4,'540 4,680 4,620 4,260 4,420 4,420 "*4,"340 4,320 4,300 4,340 4,340 4,340 5,990 31 4,720 1882-83. 1 4,080 2 5,380 5,140 4,920 4,820 4,860 4,760 3 4,080 4,040 5 4,160 4,420 4,300 4,300 4,340 4,340 6,125 5,710 5,600 6,400 5,360 5,000 4,000 6 3,940 4,960 7 8 3,750 9 5,000 5,000 4,880 4,780 4,880 10 3,895 11 3,810 3,690 3,605 3,590 3,560 12 4,500 4,540 6,750 4,500 4,540 4,420 5,320 4,940 5,240 5,200 5,200 5,220 13 15 16 5,100 5,000 4,980 4,860 5,060 5,040 3,515 3,690 3,400 3,285 18 19 4,840 5,160 5,360 5,240 5,340 5,400 5,670 5,970 6,275 5,890 6,200 5,525 20 21 3,320 22 3,300 23 5,240 5,040 4,940 5,040 5,000 3,460 25 3,440 3,300 26 5,200 5,360 4,920 5,710 5,710 6,175 6,810 6,850 6,575 3,420 28 3,340 29 3,270 JO 4,900 4,900 n J MEEEIMACK RIVER BASIN. 211 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1883-84. 3,545 3,850 4,160 4,300 4,320 4,340 6,320 5,525 5,140 "5,140 5,080 4,920 5,000 4,840 4,640 "4," 860 4,760 4,840 4,800 4,760 4,680 4,840 4,800 4,800 4,500 4,580 4,380 4,980 '"4," 880 4,840 4,540 4,800 4,880 4,800 "4," 920 4,860 4,800 4,840 4,700 4,200 ' "4," 920 4,880 4,700 4,720 4,200 4,040 4,246 4,840 4,900 5,140 5,320 4,980 6,200 5,000 5,100 5,830 6,625 7,000 " 6,340 5,890 5,770 5,525 5,160 5,200 5,040 5,400 4,900 4,860 4,940 5,100 "5," 466 5,000 5,080 5,000 7,100 9,475 9,225 "6,420 6,010 8,100 9,875 9,325 8,400 '6,756 10,240 12,440 9,900 7,975 6,725 "5," 730 5,830 5,320 6,300 6,480 5,380 5,220 5,140 "5" 525 5,040 5,040 5,790 6,030 6,525 6,360 6,200 5,710 5,970 7,225 8,225 "8," 720 10,700 11,560 12,200 11,980 11,650 "ii,'3o6 9,700 9,025 8,400 8,100 7,550 '"6," 950 7,125 6,850 6,010 5,830 5,870 '6,125 5,425 5,575 6,440 8,400 9,475 ' 9,275 8,560 8,350 8,150 8,810 9,025 12,225 15,040 17,925 25,200 31,000 33,800 17,190 16,200 9,725 10,075 "'6,44c 6,50C 6,36C 6,030 5,950 "5," 750 5,020 5,080 5,500 5,600 5,320 4,800 4,780 4,900 4,860 " 4.920 4,660 4,800 4,740 4,920 ""4,900 4,92( 4,80( 4, ax 4,7(X 4,8(X 4,84C 4,86C 4,60C 4,80C 4,50C 4,60C 4,76C 4,74C 4,70C 4,66C 4,84C 4,66C 4,34C 4,760 4,60C 4,70C ""4," 700 4,800 4,760 4,420 5,160 4,980 4,980 4,760 4,740 5,320 4,840 5,340 5,000 "4," 780 4,600 4,620 4,760 4,540 4,520 "4," 680 4,660 4,700 4,300 4,460 4,680 " "4," 520 4,480 4,440 4,500 4,560 ) 4,820 ) 4, 760 ) 4,800 4,760 4,640 4,560 4,500 4,640 4,840 4,700 4,700 4,740 4,680 4,660 4,780 4,660 4,660 4,640 4,620 6,810 4,880 4,740 4,660 4,660 4,600 4,660 4,040 3,770 3 880 2 3 4 13,700 14,410 12,650 12, 650 13,320 13,820 15,250 16,225 16,266 15,955 17,010 23,700 26,000 30,800 22,200 20,430 17,820 15,250 14, 150 13,995 14,636 13,440 12,100 " '9,466 9,450 9,100 8,750 8,690 "8,966 8,540 7,975 8,780 9,375 ' "8," 520 8,050 8,500 12,150 10,790 10,100 8,870 8,150 8,480 8,950 3,590 3,400 3,380 5 6 7 8 4,340 4,200 4,260 4,240 4,200 4,240 3,360 9 3 320 10 3,575 3,690 4,840 4 460 11 12 13 14 15 4,340 4,420 4,340 4,380 4,340 4,200 4 880 16 4,660 17 4 660 18 4,260 4,340 4 160 19 20 21 22 4,460 4,420 4,500 4,200 4,160 4,240 4 340 23 4,260 4 260 24 25 4,260 4,160 4,180 4,620 4,860 5,160 "5," 750 4,160 " "4,266 4,120 4,340 4,340 4,460 4,520 "4," 820 4,560 4,580 4,560 4,400 4,300 ' "4," 480 4,460 4,440 4,400 4,300 3,970 " 4," 080 4,740 5,000 "5,575 4,900 4,220 4,000 4,000 4,000 ' "4," 800 5,380 4,800 4,880 4,740 4,720 4,520 ' 5," 930 8,150 6,850 5,810 5,300 5,340 "5,160 4,920 4,920 5,080 5,000 5,080 "4," 700 5,080 5,670 27 29 4,460 5,120 5,770 4,160 4,200 4,160 4,160 4,160 4,220 30 31 21,475 1884-85. 1 6,790 ' "9, 466 13,020 14, 830 13, 700 13,470 14,100 14,175 13,260 11,300 10, 650 11,000 11,620 11,325 11,075 ii,'i25 11,830 13,020 14, 680 15, 760 15,310 12,366 11,200 10,675 12,930 12,325 11,125 "9,875 9,075 8,460 7,800 7,860 7,860 8,780 8,300 7,600 7,100 7,325 7,300 " 7,366 7,075 6,930 6,930 6,650 6,675 " 6,460 6,150 5,970 5,850 5,120 4,940 5,500 5,790 6,050 5,890 5,870 6,950 "8,175 7,450 6,625 6,225 5,690 5,140 "*5," 280 4,860 4,660 4,660 4,660 4,700 "4," 600 4,660 4,700 4,620 4,540 4,480 "4," 700 4,740 4,760 4, 760 5,180 6,725 10,525 7,600 "5," 360 4,640 4,640 4,640 4,840 14,350 "7,266 6,075 5,140 4,880 4,700 4,800 "5,' 550 5,220 5,000 5,000 4,860 4,900 ' '4,940! 4,960 5,160 5,260 5,000 4,760 2 5,710 5,625 5,340 4,960 5,000 5,970 4,980 5,260 5,380 5,340 5,340 5,320 3 4 5 6 4,200 4,160 4,160 4,160 4,160 4,120 7 5,000 4 800 8 9 4,860 5,000 6,910 6,550 6,700 6,600 5,710 5,380 5,710 5,140 5,040 4,980 4 760 10 11 5 100 12 5*870 13 4,160 4,200 4,120 4,160 4,080 4,080 14 5,060 4,840 4,580 4,600 4,600 4,640 15 16 6,275 6,300 5,870 5,850 5,550 5,450 5,140 5,020 5,000 5,980 5,000 4,960 17 18 19 20 4,160 4,160 4,120 4,160 4,160 4,080 21 4,680 4,620 4,680 4,640 4 540 22 23 4,980 5,200 5,060 5,160 5,060 4,900 4,820 4,800 4,820 4,800 4,920 5,080 24 25 26 5,670 5,220 "5,475 5,340 5,450 5,475 6,100 5,340 5,240 5,160 5,160 4,500 27 4,200 4,160 4,340 4,260 4,200 28 4,620 4,600 4,580 29 30 6,500 6,340 31 212 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. 1885-86. 1886-87. Oct. 4,640 4,480 4, 4,520 4,400 4,580 4,800 4,640 5.120 4,500 4,540 4,720 4,720 4,800 4,780 4,800 4,640 4, 4,780 7,175 7. 5,850 5,000 4,780 4,900 4,820 5,140 5,020 6,380 4,640 4,580 4,420 4,120 4,520 4,500 4,620 4, 4, 4,480 4,260 4,000 4,560 4,480 4, 4,140 4,100 4.160 4,160 4,160 4,100 8,985 4,100 4,060 Nov. 5,950 7,840 12,700 10,150 8,350 7,250 8,440 15,730 15,190 11,740 9,525 8,300 6,975 6,770 6,250 5,950 5,910 6,400 5,770 5,625 5,670 6,300 6,050 5,910 5,575 6,950 5,910 5,300 4,800 6,050 5, 6,725 6,050 5,240 4,840 4,620 4,400 4,360 4,500 7,075 13, 750 7,820 7,075 6,950 8,950 8,810 5,575 5,360 Dec. 5,870 5,710 5,475 5,"" 5,200 5,400 4,800 4,800 5,140 8,440 10,050 8,400 9,725 9,600 8,175 7,400 7,025 6,250 5,670 5,810 6,480 6,360 5,020 5,220 5,340 5,240 6,300 7,275 7,625 5,240 4,780 4,840 4,640 4,920 4,780 5,000 5,220 5,240 4, 5,340 4,900 4,720 5,550 5,300 5,320 5,140 7,' 8,100 7,325 6,200 5, 750 Jan. 6,360 10,850 10,450 10,240 24,600 26,450 15,610 9,225 7,975 7,760 6,930 6,950 6,360 6,625 "6," 500 5,950 5,730 5,850 5,950 Feb. 8,580 8,440 7,500 7,275 5,320 Mar. 6,625 5,360 5,600 6,150 7,175 5,400 7,325 6,250 5,850 5, 5,400 5,160 5,200 5, 4, 4,820 4,920 4, 4,900 7,025 5,140 4,740 4,, 4,820 5,160 7,840 io,; 11, 500 11,200 10, 525 17, 750 5,810 5,650 5,710 5,650 6,050 10, 700 31,600 28,000 22, 700 18, 640 15, 850 15, 190 12,250 10,970 9,925 9,150 8,900 8,440 17, 040 14,030 11, 770 9,700 9,650 7,800 7,550 7,325 7,150 7,150 7, 7, 575 6,810 6,625 7,150 7,250 8,200 9,925 9,475 8,050 IS" 8,150 7,< "l, 550 9,575 7,975 7,575 7,575 7,350 6,950 '6,' 675 6,300 6,340 6,050 6,100 6,250 6,625 6,725 6,625 7,000 7,500 7,720 6,725 9,000 8,500 8,125 8,025 8,075 9,775 10, 575 12, 775 6,500 6,175 6,440 5,870 6,050 5,600 5,850 5, 710 5, 6,340 6,625 6,500 6,750 6,480 6,810 6,810 7,200 8,900 9,000 8,400 8,400 8,125 8,420 9,700 9,850 9,075 Apr. 15,640 27, 800 29,400 16,200 13,925 17,680 16,520 14,740 May. June. 14,740 13,625 13,170 14,410 15,820 16,200 14,440 14,860 14,950 13, 820 12, 900 11,710 8,810 8,200 7,840 7, 8,075 9,875 11,425 11,400 11,175 18, 250 27, 350 30,100 26, 550 21, 650 18, 640 16, 695 15, 250 14, 125 13, 550 14, 125 15, 100 18,900 19, 830 19, 100 17, 750 7,450 6,870 6,870 6,500 6,525 6,420 6,300 8,400 8,025 7^675 7,125 6,750 7,625 8,500 7,675 7,075 6,525 5,990 5,910 5,930 5, 5,380 5,990 6,175 5,770 20, 780 17,250 16,025 15, 550 16,450 14, 250 12, 650 13, 200 12,300 11,950 9,850 8,660 7,250 7,650 7,575 7,200 7,025 6,225 5,870 5,650 5,475 8,350 8,750 ,975 575 5,040 5,100 4,920 4,820 5,000 July. 4,820 4,740 4,480 4,580 4,540 4,800 4,620 4,660 5,160 5,020 4,760 4,720 4, 4,680 4,560 4,520 4,800 5,020 4, 4,580 8,325 8,750 9,525 9,650 9,350 8,350 7,375 6,950 6,420 5,790 5,500 4,960 4,; 4,500 4,500 4,340 4,460 4,480 4,500 4,840 18,640 11,000 8,440 6,675 4,580 4,500 4,560 4,600 4,500 4,560 4,440 4,500 4,500 4,480 4,540 4,580 4,560 4,840 4,560 4,540 4,640 4,700 4,520 Aug. 4,520 4,500 4,560 4,520 4,540 4, 6,175 4,820 5,160 4,540 4,840 5,625 5,060 5,040 5,100 5,450 5,240 4,900 4,440 4,' 4,320 4,280 4,420 4,460 4,440 15,310 15, 790 14, 150 11,125 9,150 8,840 4,560 4,580 4,580 4, 4, 4,620 4,< 4,< 4,500 4, 4, 4,440 4, 4,560 4, 4,520 4, "" 4,460 4,520 4,580 4,400 4,420 4,200 4,340 4,320 4, 7,575 7,375 7,200 6,625 6,320 5,425 5,950 5,400 5,300 5,240 5,360 5,040 4,640 4,740 4,780 9,350 9,650 6,930 8,100 10, 150 13, 700 14, 800 12,410 8,025 6,850 6,650 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 213 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1887-88. 1888-89. 3,420 4,520 4,400 4,900 4,820 5,340 4,620 4,560 4,520 4,400 4,500 4,320 4,400 4,400 4,320 4,300 4,320 4,320 4,300 26 11,650 27 10,825 4,820 4,540 4,500 4,400 4,400 4,360 4,480 8,775 8,875 11,500 11,560 10, 150 8,875 13, 700 15, 250 12,725 10, 775 9,675 9,325 9,900 8,925 9,075 9,825 10,490 10,400 10,025 9,175 8,975 10,400 11,925 13,500 11,975 4,340 4,280 4,200 4,280 4,400 4,300 4,300 4,300 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,820 4,560 5,425 7,075 6,750 5,710 5,930 6,480 5,850 5,425 5,300 5,525 6,750 8,275 10, 550 9,800 9,425 9,400 9,000 8,575 8,275 8,375 9,175 14, 700 13, 200 11, 250 10,025 11,250 13,440 10,900 11,250 5,200 5,200 5,320 5,525 5,750 5,750 5,240 4,960 7,700 10, 760 8,900 7,950 7,075 6,775 5,830 5," 5,525 5,400 4,800 4,960 3,530 4,640 5,000 6,030 5,625 17,500 12,960 12, 050 11,250 10, 700 10,375 9,400 9,025 8,975 9, 300 8,875 7,140 7,260 8,025 17,700 25,800 22,500 12,210 16,550 11,100 12,590 9,500'.... 8,650, 11,275 9,950 10,640 9,900! 10,610 17,100 12,300 | 13,950 20,500 I 11,250 8,450 9,100 9,200 9,350 8,700 8,025 7,470 6,690 7,000 7,260 6,500 5, 6,650 5,940 5,430 6,200 5,750 6,160 6,300 5,700 5,700 5,960 5,980 6,375 6,350 5,330 10,200 10, 125 9,300 9,000 8,525 9,400 11,800 13,850 13,600 17,000 15,200 10,925 9,850 9,000 9.000 8,125 15, 200 9,725 7,800 8,200 8,700 8,925 8,775 8,975 8,150 8,100 7,840 5,410 5,350 5,330 5,610 8,975 8,775 8,150 5,510 5,530 5,490 5,775 5,775 5,610 "5*725 5,510 5,590 6,100 5,470 5,210 10,250 6,800 6,610 6,750 6,400 6,590 6,590 6,020 5,900 5,850 6,610 6,710 5,610 6,180 8,625 10, 125 11,500 11,875 7,100 6,500 6,950 10,950 14,250 17,000 10, 775 10, 950 10,325 8,000 7,720 7,520 7, 7,200 7,760 7,350 7,290 7,560 6,570 6,710 7,540 6,825 6,240 7,000 7,080 7,040 6,875 6,900 6,475 6,300 6,350 5,310 5,390 14,000 12, 750 13, 100 14, 700 16,600 21,400 5,250 5,250 5,700 6,120 8,700 14,850 16,400 14, 200 19,200 20,000 18,650 19,200 24,000 21,700 19,300 17,550 17,300 17,250 17,200 15,500 15, 500 16, 300 17,050 17,100 18,050 16,850 17, 100 16,850 15,200 15, 150 16,100 25, 300 8,725 9,125 9,775 10,400 11,100 9,875! 8,950 8, 775 9, 100 . 9,300j 9,325: 10,000 9,725 9,725 10,025 5,330 10,050 9, 100' 9,350 10,550 9,775 8,875 8,525 8,825 9,025 9,025 10,750' 10,350' 10,900 10,225 10,150 8, 950 10,700 7,900 11,160 7,290 10, 350 8, 275 9,675' 9,550, 13,500 9,400 12,900 30,250 28,200 23,510 18,450 16,900 14,850 15, 250 15,500 16, 750 18,700 19,050 28, 550 25,200 20,850 18,000 15,450 13,500 12, 050 10,825 10, 700 10,325 10,300 10,175 12,410! 9,400| 11,160! 11,040' 11,040 9,775 8, 775 8,300 7,560, 7,320 6,925 6,750 6,690 6,160 6,450 5,980 6,060 6,325 6,160 6,040 5,510 5,630 7,860 10,550 9,025 7,580 6,750 6,325 6,750 6,650 6,240 10,250 10, 150 5,960 5,110 8,675.... 7,840 5,370 7,540 7,200 6,950 7,350 6,570 6,200 6,200 5,940 5,850 5,850 6,140 5,675 5,250 5,250 5,170 5,170 5,390 5,900 7,840 6,525 6,550 6,060 5,900 7,000 9,725 7,975 7,560 7,320 6,650 7,290 7,560 8,675 8,150 7,410 6,825 6,240 6,160 6, 160 6,100j 6,000. 5,250 5,310 4,970 4,990 5,110 5,150 4,850 5,130 5,010 5,350 5,170 4,950 4,750 4,650 9,375 5,210 4,950 4,910 4,910 4,950 5,010 5,150 5,050 4,990 4,950 4,"" 4,950 5,190 4, 5,150 5,170 5,010 5,470 5,470 5,190 5,r 5,010 4,950 5,010 4,850 5,010 4,950 4,850 4,930 4,810 4,810 5,010 5,010 5,010 4,970 4,950 4,950 4,950 4,950 4,970 5,050 5; 170 5,210 5,190 5,330 5,250 4,950 5,110 4,990 5,050 5,190 5,250 5,190 5,230 4,990 4,990 4,990 4,930 6,800 6,525 9,900 5,010 4,950 4,970 ,325 4,910 8,000 7,560 7,100 6,710 6,450 6,220 5,530 5,410 5,430 5,750 6,r~ 9,400 7,260 6,300 6.040 5,150 5,010' 5,610 5,450 5,410 5,430 5,270 5,050 5,650 5,350! 5,200 5,230 5,150 5,050 4,850 5,010 5,210 6,060 5,900 5,940 6,020 214 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1889-90. 1 5,410 5,270 7,800 7,350 6,550 7,580 7,200 "8," 350 13,410 10,700 9,125 8,125 7,660 6,950 6,875 6,630 6,800 7,120 7,080 "6*556 6,080 6,570 8,525 9,775 10. 490 "ii,"9o6 10,460 9,750 8,350 7,680 7,950 "*8,"566 15,650 16,700 15,000 14,600 12,350 8,350 8,900 9,125 9,575 13,380 14,100 "11*650 10,800 11,130 11,300 9,875 * "6," 375 10,640 7,080 7,600 7,860 8,750 9,450 8,375 8,100 8,475 7,950 6,750 6,750 "6*716 6,925 7,600 7,975 9,850 9,075 '"8*250 8,625 8,975 8,600 7,410 7,100 6,260 15,750 11,425 10,950 li'475 14,700 16, 250 16,400 16, 700 17,000 16,500 ' '4*966 16,600 18,600 16,600 14,400 13,080 11,130 10,875 10,580 10,640 11,375 11,875 "12*276 11,300 10,980 17,900 ' 16," 400 16,400 15,000 14,500 13,600 12,990 12, 725 12,990 22," 050 24,450 22,-550 23,300 22, 300 19, 700 "26," 800 20, 800 17,900 15,300 15,650 16,000 ' 10,' 750 10, 150 9,900 9,900 10,225 10,670 10,610 "'6*275 14,700 16,600 18,500 14,900 12,300 "l2," 440 11,650 10,400 10,400 12,470 11,900 ' "9*925 9,200 10, 200 13, 650 10,825 9,400 7,860 7,740 13,900 17,700 14,250 11,875 9,675 8,600 "8," 900 8,900 8,475 7,925 7,660 7,160 6,550 7,100 7,600 7,440 6,950 6,425 "'9*966 8,525 7,600 6,975 6,570 6,950 "6," 550 6,375 6,-220 5,510 5,350 5,410 " "9*250 8,400 8,025 7,700 8,850 10,950 "6," 850 8,800 8,075 7,230 7,780 9,225 8,850 8,150 7,680 7,320 6,670 6,650 **6,' 280 6,000 5,430 5,570 5,610 5,290 " *5,' 330 6,200 5,750 6,020 6,220 6,950 7,740 ""6*356 5,850 5,450 4,970 4,950 4,970 "*5,"i56 5,050 4,870 4,810 4,750 5,530 " "5," 590 5,290 6,650 6,670 6,000 5,900 "5," 290 5,190 5,090 5,150 5,250 "5," 700 5,390 5,090 5,150 5,150 5,090 "5,"i50 5,010 5,070 4,890 5,010 4,850 5,050 4,970 4,850 4,890 4,810 4,950 " 6,' 350 6,060 5,650 5,150 4,890 4,850 4,750 5,050 4,810 4,910 4,850 5,010 4,950 **4," 850 4,810 4,770 4,690 4,690 4,730 **4," 890 5,700 4,990 4,770 4,730 4,690 " "5," 050 4,810 4,850 4,750 4,810 5,110 4,930 ""4*650 4,530 4,470 4,470 4,390 4,310 4,930 4,890 4,850 4,810 4,890 4,850 "4*816 4,810 4,890 4,970 4,930 5,150 "*5,*i36 5,410 4,610 4,650 10,460 8,025 2 7,700 6,730 6,200 5,800 5,610 3 6,710 6,160 6,900 7,950 8,425 7,950 13,230 11,100 10,375 8,900 6,590 7,680 4 5 6 7 6,350 9,325 11,475 9,325 7,860 7,350 8 5,490 9... 5,190 10 11,950 10,750 9,250 8,650 7,900 8,525 7,900 7,840 8,150 9,650 14, 200 16,300 5,350 11..... 5,450 12 5,800 13 6,350 14 7,260 7,290 7,260 6,610 6,400 6,300 15 10,400 10, 950 17 9,500 9,125 8,150 7,160 7,290 7,120 13,600 12,500 11, 590 10,300 10, 175 10,800 10,950 18 13,440 19 17,400 14,400 21 6,300 6,060 5,725 22 9,400 23 8,075 24 5,410 5,450! 9,325 6,750 7,040 7,925 "8,050 16,500 14,500 15,100 15,200 14,300 7,600 25 7,100 6,590 27 7,900 7, '40 14,250 7,290 15,750 6,325' 6,240 28 5,775 29 7,000 8,575 8,400 6,240 6,200 6,060 6,000 i6,700 16, 750 11,550 ' '9,' 475 9,525 8,925 8,925 8,100 8,025 "*7,*666 7,560 7,600 7,640 7,380 7,200 "l, 260 8,025 11,250 12,025 10,400 9,075 "l, 700 7,380 7,410 "7," 666 6,750 6,750 30 6,710 6,590 6,375 31 11,975 1890-91. 1 5.650 6,200 " *5,"6i6 4,750 4,710 4,810 4,770 4,810 **4," 690 4,590 4,510 4,510 4,350 4,350 ' "4*6i6 4,510 4,450 4,450 4,450 4,390 * '5*450 4,690 4,550 4,410 4,490 4,510 "*5," 450 4,850 2 6,280 5,550 5,570, 5,370 5,310 10, 750 10,950 11,160 11,250 9,900 9,450 14,850 12, 825 10,950 9,775 9,925 9,925 5,690 3 4,590 4 4,550 5 5,350 5,370 "5,* 940 5,450 5,450 5,310 5,450 5,900 "5," 650 5,250 5,350 5,410 6,200 5,675 5,550 5,550 5,550 5,450 "6*825 8,400 11,650 11,450 11,100 9,875 4,430 6 6,950 6,800 7,200 7,600 7,440 7 4,690 9 8,900 8,250 8,725 9,400 8,575 8,250 9,600 11, 190 18,300 20,450 20,000 22, 800 4,650 10 4,690 11 4,650 12 4,690 13 6,690 6,240 6,300 6,375 7,540 13, 750 14; 4,650 15 4,690 16 7,540 8,150 10,275 11, 160 11,500 10,490 21,900 17, 700 15,500 14,600 13,350 12,620 4,490 17 4,490 18 4,350 19 . 6,300 8,850 4,510 20 18,850 23, 700 21,300 16,900 13,900 13,850 6,220 "6,166 5,550 5,725 8,200 8,000 7,950 11,375 14,000 21 4,490 22 4,510 23 10,025 10,025 10,400 13,950 21,000 20,850 21,500 29,900 32,000 29, 900 24,300 20, 250 4,330 24 4,390 25 I ' 4,270 26 6, 140| 15,000 5,550 12,900 i 11,770 6,000! 10,520 6,000: 9,975 5,410' 9,700 4,205 27 13,950 12, 590 11,070 10,850 11,925 28 4,i75 29 4,250 30 18,400 22,900 4,250 31 MEBEIMACK BIVEB BASIN. 215 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. 1891-92. 1892-93. Oct. Nov. 4,290.... 4,205 4,350 4,235 4,175 3.! 4,175 3,' 4,205 3,850 4,145 3,1 4, 100 ... . 060 4,060 4,060 3, 4,175 4,220 4,205 4,130 4,205 3,980 3,940 4,020 3,' 3,900 4,350; 4, loo: 4,235[ 4,175 4,270 4,350 4,100 4,100 4,060 4,390 4,690 4,650 4,390 4,430 4,350 4,350 4,270 4,205 4,490 4,550 4,650 4,510 5,650 5,150 5,470 4,490 4,430| 4,350 4,060 4,130 4,100 4,080 4,080 Dec. Jan. 6,610 6,000 5,775 4,690 4,510 4,510 4,450 4,510 4,510 4,450 4,510 4,350 4,510 4,470 4,510 4,510 4,950 10,640 4,690 8,025 4,610 4,510 18,300 4,550 12, 9,400 6,630 6,425 6,160 8,650 7,350 7,000 13,050 4,850 4,650 4,550 4,730 4,250; 4,490 4,160 4,430! 4,490 4,190 4,205 4,530 4,175! 4,850 4,350 6,200 5,650 6,350 5,410 5,650 7,160 17, 100 18,900 9,775 9,650 10,275 11,450 9,275 8,500 7,200 6,040 6,040 5,750 5,960 5,950 8,600 8,660 7,675 6,275 6,725 6,400 6,175 6,275 5,900 5,700 6,200 6,275 5,950 5, 600 5,500 5,700 5,825 6,090 5,400 5,750 5,300 4,990 6,010 6, 150 5,700 Feb. 5,900 5,900 5,650 5,700 6,100 5,900 5,850 5,590 5,150 5,1 5,010 5,350 4,990 5,050 4,930 4,910 4,910 4,890 4,930 4,950 4,850 5,170 5,650 5,610 6,160 5,500 5,300 5,560 6,150 6,150 6,050 5,900 6,560 6,850 9,075 11,750 9,625 8,950 8,850 8,850 8,100 7,340 ('., 600 6,500 6, 500 6,420 7,050 Mar. 7,: 4,850 5,250 4,790 4,745 4,810 5,010 5,725 6,750 9,400 9,225 8,650 6,750 6,950 6,425 6,140 6,000 5,725 5,250 5,410 5,700 7,100 7,700 9,275 8,925 8,825 8,650 6,400 6,275 6,050 6,275 6,600 6,130 6,150 6,090 6,275 6,850 9,625 12, 650 18,050 20,350 19, 650 17,500 12,830 11,800 10,925 II), (Mil 9,075 9,950 Apr. 14,700 14,010 13,440 12,160 11,600 8,650 8,500 11,300 13,500 13,800 12,775 10,150 8,275 7,800 7,320 6,590 6,550 6,060 "6," 040 5,875 5,250 5,150 5,010 5,570 6,550 5,980 5,775 5,490 5,490 5,490 11,340 14, 670 14, 190 13,620 14, 760 13, 800 16,200 17,500 16,200 17,000 17,850 18,200 17.500 15,990 14,250 13,800 13,440 14, 700 14,700 14, 190 May. 5,650 5.050 6,240 7,470 8,900 7,540 June. 8,850 8,775 7,600 7,200 6,200 5,550 6,500 6,200 6,220 6,200 5,700 5,900 5,350 5,210 5,960 5,550 7,440 4,670 4,750 7,; 8,975 8,775 7,600 6,730 7,580 17,850 20, 550 19, 750 15,500 12, 900 11,500 9,975 8,825 13,950 15, 150 16,050 19, 100 35, 500 36,200 23,900 20,000 17,500 16,450 17,000 17,050 18,300 16,700 17,800 26, 650 26, 800 22, 100 15,450 14,010 12,650 12,310 14,250 11,625 13,500| 10,350 13,710 13,200 9,875 9, 200 9,075 4,670 4,610 4,490 July. 8,525 7,740 11,590 10,350 8,575 7,040 6,650 5,050 4,610 4,490 4,590 4,610 4,570 8,925 8,700 10, 100 10,800 9,075 8,790 8,690 8,060 7,625 7,800 7, 750 7,625 7,200 7,400 6, 560 7,175 6,750 6,500 6, (WO 7, 125 6,650 6,560 6,460 6, 130 6,400 7, 150 7,050 6,560 6,520 6,275 5,920 5,570 4,850 4,790 4,750 4,710 4,950 4,770 4,350 4,550 4,650 4,450 4,570 4,510 4,510 4,490 4,490 4,390 150 6,275 6,200 6,050 6,070 6,350 6,090 6, 090 5,850 5,725 5,660 5,950 5,660 5,420 5,380 5,400 5,175 5,580 5,150 Aug. 4,610 4,510 4,510 4,450 4,390 4,330 4,510 4,350 4,330 4,310 4,350 5,050 6,140 6,200 5,450 4,350 4,410 4,390 4, 4, 4,450 4,470 4,430 15,300 11, 620 8,975 5,620 5,400 4,810 4,810 4, 850 4,910 5,480 4,390 5,225 4,100 6,050 4,970 5,400 4,310 5,250 4,175 5,050 4,550 6, 150 4,710 6,275 5,1251 4,830 5,050 5,075 7,010 5,010 5,750 7, 175 5,750| 8,750 5,700 6,030 4,950 5,600 4,810 216 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-how discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1893-94. 1 8,400 8,000 7,625 7,380 7,800 7,575 6,990 6,400 6,420 6,275 ' '6," 420 6,540 6,275 6,130 6,275 6,090 ' '6,*225 6,325 6,300 6,420 6,560 6,850 "6," 950 6,600 6,850 9,050 8,200 ' '7," 850 7,050 6,850 6,970 7,525 7,525 7,420 7,275 7,200 6,970 6,110 5,925 " "7,"306 6,850 7,125 6,990 7,050 6,950 7,975 8,660 9,550 8,950 8,910 7,625 7,625 7,340 7,150 7,175 7,175 * 8,666 7,750 7,300 7,175 6,910 7,575 ' '7/366 7,010 7,225 6,275 6,275 6, 600 ""6," 650 6,650 6,700 6,800 7,050 6,850 "6," 850 6,800 6,800 5,850 5,850 5,825 5,500 5,950 "5," 950 5,600 5,660 5,775 6,225 6,600 "6," 600 6,600 6,725 6,600 6,650 6,540 6,890 6,350 6 200 6,600 6,500 6,600 "6/ 600 6,150 6,350 6,200 6,725 6,675 6, 600 6,725 6,225 6,200 ' '9/450 9,625 9,700 9,400 9,700 9,450 "6,'i66 9,200 9,200 9,450 9,775 10, 125 10, 625 10, 800 11, 125 '16/566 10,750 "i7,'i66 16,020 15,000 13, 950 12,475 11,550 " io/ ioo 9,200 8,450 8,450 8,910 9,550 9,250 ""9/ 925 10,875 24,500 34, 600 27, 200 19,500 39/966 66, 700 45, 200 27,600 21,600 18, 600 'i5,"420 14,760 13,890 12,800 11,890 11,800 'i6,*875 10,625 9,825 8,910 9,000 9,700 8,89 "8," 600 8,870 8,950 8,160 8,020 7,500 ' "7," 550 7,250 6,350 6,500 6,775 6,850 7,380 7,875 7,750 7,500 8,000 10,500 "6," 875 9,250 11,550 15, 270 10,290 10,350 9,900 9,900 9,200 9,200 8,950 8,750 8,275 8,000 "7," 875 8,750 9,125 8,540 8,000 7,875 "7," 550 7,340 6,800 6,800 6,725 6,600 "6,' 850 6,500 7,625 8,350 8,000 12,890 11,430 "12/830 12,475 11,000 9,825 9,125 8,890 8,100 7,360 7,250 7,050 7,030 6,650 ' "6/890 6,460 5,825 5,900 7,250 6,970 "6," 970 6,500 6,090 6,050 6,010 6,175 7,340 "6/725 6,800 6,350 6,400 6,850 6,890 6/850 6,400 6,150 6,090 5,825 6,200 " 6,150 6,050 5,825 5,600 5,600 5,950 "6/696 5,600 5,700 5,950 6,050 6,200 " '6/375 6,560 "6/890 6,950 6,850 "7/656 6,825 6,350 5,950 5,950 6,030 6,150 6,150 6,350 5,900 5,580 5,700 ' '5/666 5,520 6,150 5,750 5,800 5,440 ' "5/460 5,900 6,500 6,540 6,110 5,600 5,175 5,300 5,620 5,750 5,680 5,640 5,360 5,100 5,275 ' '5/566 5,620 5,250 5,175 4,890 5,400 ' '5/ 680 5,175 5,100 4,510 4,510 4,390 "5/166 4,490 4,650 4,650 4,450 6,225 6,250 6,350 4,870 2 5,875 5,640 5,540 5,620 5,050 4,950 3 4 . 5,100 4,490 4,790 5 6,850 6,675 6,650 6,150 6,350 5,900 6,360 8,300 11,950 18, 800 20,400 13,025 6 7 4,790 8 4,850 9 5,340 5,340 5,275 5,275 5,250 5,275 10 5,10O 11 4,550 4,530 12 6,930 7,010 6,090 6,225 6,130 6,400 16,050 15,960 16, 140 15, 180 13, 650 12,710 13 4,950 14 6,890 15 6,150 16 7,440 7,200 6,890 6,850 6,725 6,600 17 6,825 18 5,910 19 7,675 7,575 7, 175 7,175 7,225 8,250 11,860 13,200 12,450 14,850 13,500 14,100 5,600 20 6,600 21 7,300 22 7,925 23 6„800 6,300 7,500 11,400 9,050 8,250 24 7,200 25 6,725 26 7,100 6,950 6,650 6,050 6,200 12,310 12,250 11,125 10,350 10,025 9,525 5,300 5,300 5,150 27 5, 600 28 5, 600 29 6, 275 30 11,175 9,500 6,560 5,275 5,460 4,970 4,850 5,700 31 1894-95. 1 5,990 6,110 6,520 ' '§,"640 8,000 7,700 7,675 6,990 6,870 "l, 050 6,890 6,050 6,050 6,725 6,850 "6/970 6,930 6,890 6,890 6,890 7,010 6,650 ""6," 850 6,275 6,325 6,070 5,925 6,050 "6," 725 6,150 5,700 6,090 6,275 7,400 "7," 250 7,400 7,250 7,100 7,100 7,010 "7," 225 2 3 6,150 4 6,275 6,200 5,950 5,825 5,825 6,725 5,500 5,540 5,700 5,825 5,600 6,275 6,350 5 7,010 6,950 "7/675 6,150 6,050 6,600 6,990 6,910 "6/996 6,675 6,325 6,150 6,130 6,500 "^>,'666 6,150 5 990 5,500 4,890 5,875 " "6/656 5,990 6,050 6,400 6,400 5,990 5,500 5,540 6,325 " "6/566 6,200 6,275 5,600 5,340 6,070 "6/466 6,890 6,500 6,460 6,500 6 600 6,675 5,825 5,700 5,300 4,890 5,500 6, 150 6 5,825 7 6,150 8 5,825 5,400 5,500 5,400 5,340 6,725 9 6,275 10 5,500 11 5,900 5,825 5,825 5,580 5,500 5,825 6,650 6,825 6,890 7,050 8,200 9,200 5,460 12 5,175 13 5,480 14 5,750 15 6,600 6,110 6,990 6,580 6,090 6,275 16 5,990 17 5,600 18 5,825 5,700 5,700 5,500 5,500 6,050 8,950 8,100 8,000 7,675 7,700 7,875 5,300 19 5,125 20 4, 750 21..... 5,700 22 6,650 6,300 5,400 4,950 5,560 6,275 23 5,750 24 5,050 25 5,700 5,500 5,500 5,500 9,200 9,250 10,675 10,500 9,325 9,700 4,770 26 7,050 6,990 6,540 "*7,'6i6 7,050 7,050 7,030 6,175 "6," 540 4,690 27 4,690 28 5,175 29 6,540 5,440 5,560 30 5,100 31 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 217 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1895-96. 1896-97. 4,810 5,500 6.600 7,300 6,500 6,650 5,950 5,620 5,050 5,100 5,600 10.500 12,950 12,040 9,950 8,510 8,140 8,200 8,000 7,100 7,500 7,250 7,300 7,250 7,175 6,775 6,500 4,750 4,870 5,850 6,560 5,175 5,300 5, 6,325 6,560 6,275 4,990 4,950 7,300 10, 200 8,480 7,300 6,400 6,520 6,500 10,500 8,000 7,400 6,950 6,800 6,725 6,325 7,050 9,450 "9," 700 9,150 8,750 8,450 8,100 9,150 8,950 10,440 9,250 8.630 8,850 11, 13,560 13,075 12, 100 11,675 12, 100 11, 10,350 10, 875 13,075 16,700 13, 800 6,560 6,350 6,150 5,875 6,725 18,200 10, 500 9.000 8,200 7,625 7,400 7,340 7,460 6,400 6,275 6,275 6,030 , 350 7,250 7,175 8,950 10,950 11, 750 14, 550 12, 650 9,700 8,600 20, 050 20, 550 15, 870 12,250 5,000 9,250 9,175 8,950 8,690 8,750 8,350 8,140 8,200 8,000 7,650 7,300 7,440 7,550 7,300 7,100 7,100 13,025 23, 200 66, 300 73,400 34, 400 20,400 17, 200 16, 19,700 20, 600 20, 050 17, 500 ,325 8,630 8,510 7,775 7,750 8,250 8,375 7,750 7,700 7,150 7,175 7,175 7,440 18,000 14,550 13,200 11,520 10, 440 9,900 13,650 12, 100 12,450 11,175 9,725 10,350 13,800 13,350 12,950 12, 160 12,650 13, 230 , 450 ,100 8,510 8,325 7,875 7,625 7,625 7,600 7,625 6,500 6,800 5,420 4,930 4,r-~ 5,250 6,930 6,440 6,150 5,620 5,300 5,400 5,175 5,380 5,075 5,125 4,910 4,710 5,175 5,250 13,980 16, 500 11,370 11, 250 13,920 12, 440 11,920 8,000 7,500 6,700 6,275 7,500 7,075 6,400 6,500 7,320 8,040 7,550 6, 850 6,600 6,725 4,490 4,190 6,150 5,950 5,010 4,850 4,750 4,890 4,550 4,410 4,430 7,675 7, 40C 7,125 7,150 7,050 7,550 8,200 7,500 7,400 7,400 7,175 7,450 7,500 7,950 8,150 9,000 10, 250 10,450 9,300 9,200 9,000 8,200 8,000 7,550 7,950 8,050 8,050 7,700 7,400 7,200 8,650 8,550 7,700 7,100 7,250 7,000 8,450 9,825 8,140 8,060 8,000 8,325 8,325 9,875 8,870 9,900 9,975 13, 890 20,500 15,900 19, 500 23,900 22,450 24,500 26, 000 7,800 7,500 7,420 7,360 7,300 7,300 7, 875 6, 130 8,080 7,500 7,' 550 7,850 ,040 15,060 12,800 ,200 ,100 ,100 ,450 7,950 7,450 7,300 7,150 7,200 7,650 8,900 10, 650 12,300 11,950 10, 650 9,450 8,800 8,700 9,200 8, 550 9,050 8,900 20, 350 17, 700 14,040 15, 900 17, 500 16, 850 17, 500 7,300 7,000 7,250 8,000 9,300 9,800 11, 850 11, 200 11,000 12, 000 14, 100 15,000 12, 750 11, 150 10, 500 10, 250 10, 500 11,400 9,0001 14,750 8,800 15,100 8,200 17,700 8,400 19,200 8,200 7,450 18,500 16, 700 12,700 13,500 14,800 19,900 17, 850 15, 750 14, 190 10,950 10, 350 9,950 9,750 7,500 6,850 6,150 6,400 6,500 600 ,520 ,775 6,990 6,150 6,050 6,400 6,600 6,950 15,900 12,300 16, 200 16,900 16, 900 19,000 21,200 22, 700 22, 400 24,100 21,300 18, 300 17, 100 16, 700 19, 200 23, 300 19, 100 18,000 15, 800 14,600 14,000 16,900 18,200 16, 400 14, 050 12,950 12, 750 13, 500 14, 200 14,050 12, 650 11,850 10,450 9,950 10, 450 11, 200 15, 500 26, 200 15, 600 13, 400 11,850 11,050 10, 450 10,000 9,250 9,200 9,450 10,600 10, 850 12, 050 6,580 6,600 6,050 5,520 5,775 5,900 5,600 11,250 10, 650 10, 050 10, 200 11,400 12, 200 11,250 10, 550 14,550 35, 900 34, 900 21, 400 19, 700 7,925 5,225 5,075 4,550 5,275 4,850 5,320 5,250 5,100 5,010 4,870 4,810 5,460 4,850 4,830 5,500 6,050 6,440 5,; 5,300 4,850 4,130 4,040 4,690 6,050 5,480 5,100 5,050 9,000 10, 350 9,550 8,750 8, 650 8,800 9,650 9,300 8,500 8,650 19, 300 34,000 18,100 41,100 16,0001 26,800 14,400' 12,950 15,800 13,850 12,600 12,350 11,800 12,200 12,400 12, 600 11,6501 10,500 9,950l 9,750' 9, 200 8,650 8, 650 14,700 14,350 13,100 12,100 12,800 13,450 5,300 5,200 5,050 4,610 4,510 4,750 5,010 11,250 10, 600 9,600 9,600 10, 100 9,300 10, 100 10,250 9,100 10, 650 10, 500 10, 650 10, 300 10,300 10, 950 10, 650 10,600 10,850 8,700 9,450 11,000 11,000 10, 750 10,350 8,550 218 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1897-98. 1 6,300 7,400 5.700 5; 050 6,650 11,100 9,300 8,150 "7," 700 7,150 7,450 8,200 8,950 10, 050 "9,' 666 8,400 8,400 8,950 9,450 8,400 8,200 7,600 7,700 9,350 9,200 11,600 10,300 9,300 8,850 10,050 'i6'450 12,000 15, 600 31,500 33, 600 25,000 *ii," 600 10,750 9,450 9,900 9,100 7,450 **8*666 6,850 6,800 7,100 7,250 7,400 "7," 700 7,600 7,550 7,600 8,200 8,750 "8." 850 8,100 7,700 7,550 8,050 9,450 * 10," 600 10, 350 9,700 8,900 8,800 7,900 8,200 8,750 7,350 7,700 7,450 9,200 8,900 8,850 8,650 8,650 18,700 16,300 "12*466 12, 300 11, 850 11, 500 11,250 10,400 10,450 10,700 10, 950 11, 600 11, 850 13,300 " 16," 200 "i4,"666 13,550 13,450 12, 350 "23*906 27, 50Q 24, 800 20, 000 17, 900 17, 600 17,400 "15*766 15, 200 15, 300 16, 100 17, 200 19,500 "29*300 29, 300 28, 100 25, 900 26, 900 31, 500 "3 8 "800 35,000 "14**166 13,100 12, 350 12,400 12, 650 12, 100 *ii,"4o6 10,450 9,550 9,300 9,700 14, 000 10,750 10,750 10, 400 9,750 9,450 8,700 "'8,"550 8,050 8,600 11, 500 13,900 15, 700 "i3*856 12, 100 23,200 23, 800 25,100 23, 800 19, 800 16, 200 "i3,"650 12,250 11, 500 10,900 10, 550 10, 000 "9*566 9,050 8,850 8,500 8,350 8,200 "8*956 8,350 8,600 8,100 7,800 7,800 "8," 450 7,650 7,300 10,900 9,750 8,900 8,600 9,050 8,600 8,400 8,100 8,200 7,900 "*7," 600 7,600 8,450 10,000 8,600 7,600 " *7," 700 8,750 9,050 8,100 8,300 7,900 "7," 450 6,850 7,100 6,750 7,100 6,900 " '7**666 6,450 5,250 5,300 6,100 6,000 5,450 5,000 4,950 4,700 5,400 ""5*550 4,700 4,700 4,550 5,150 5,750 "5," 550 4,750 4,850 4,800 4,650 5,350 5,350 4,750 4,650 4,400 4,400 5,000 "5*366 4,750 4,750 5,200 5,600 6,000 * '5*966 5,200 5,000 4,750 4,450 5,950 " *6,*456 6,150 5,550 5,150 5,000 6,500 2 '...'. 3 4 7,150 6,050 6,000 5,850 5,650 5,850 5 6 5, 150 7 7,700 7,800 7,700 7,700 7,750 7,900 8,600 8,450 8,900 9,900 10,900 13,400 4,650 8 4,650 4,950 9 10 5,750 11 6,300 6,000 5,900 5,950 6,050 7,150 12 5,350 13 4,850 14 9,450 9,600 9,450 9,450 8, 680 8,400 27, 000 33, 000 31,500 26, 500 23, 600 23,000 4, 450 15 4,200 16 4,000 17.... 4,150 18 6,800 5,850 5,800 5,450 19 4,150 20 4,050 21 8,450 8,650 9,200 9,450 9,750 9,750 25, 800 27, 200 22, 900 20, 200 19,900 18,000 3,750 22 5, 300, 7, 900 6, 550 7. 85ft 3,700 23 3,750 24 7,850 4. 300 25 6,050 5,250 6, 350 26 7.7ftft "'7*906 8,100 7,550 7,650 7,500 8,750 8,850 8,450 "9,466 15, 000 15, 200 13, 100 10,300 8,400 "8," 350 7,200 6,800 6,700 7,000 6,450 "'7,'i50 7,000 6,800 6,800 7,000 8,300 8,050 7,400 6,950 6,650 6,750 6,450 7,600 "*6,*356 5,250 5,250 6,300 5,800 5,750 5,950 6,400 "6," 900 6,000 5,700 5,700 5,750 6,800 "6," 900 6,000 5,700 5,700 5,650 6,100 6,350 5,450 5,250 5,200 5,250 5,250 "*5,"556 5,250 5,250 5,150 6,750 27 5,200| 7,650 4, 950 6,250 28 10,400 16,300 16,700 17, 000 18, 200 9,050 9,800 9,550 9,400 6,100 29 4,850 5,600 12, 100 9,850 6,000 30 6,050 31 8,150 "16/666 8,900 9,300 9,950 12, 350 13,050 'ii"3o6 11, 200 11,050 9,750 9,500 9,200 10, 100 11,050 12, 900 12, 650 10, 800 9,750 "9" 650 9,450 9,750 10, 200 10, 050 9,800 8,450 8,100 8,000 8,600 1898-99. 1 8,050 ,7,200 6,900 7,050 6,700 5,100 2 7,450 7.4DD 5,150 3 5,550 4 4, 650 6, 750 4,600 6,400 5,050 6, 300 6. 65(1 7,300 6,750 6,550 6,500 6,550 7,300 "7,"i56 6,450 6,100 6,000 5,900 6,800 "7," 200 6,050 6,050 6,400 6,000 6,800 6,800 6,050 5,900 5,900 5,950 7,000 6,300 6,300 6,750 "7*666 7,050 6,450 6,950 6,900 7,000 "7" 666 6,500 6,300 5,850 5,800 6,450 "'6*966 6,500 6,350 6,450 6,550 7,000 **7," 050 6,200 6 8,600 7,750 7,700 7,200 7,350 8,100 11, 550 13,900 13, 700 12,900 11,950 11,050 6,450 7 5,950 8 6,200 6,400 6,300 6,350 8,200 13, 550 "ii'ioo 9,900 9,000 8,350 8,200 8,700 18,000 15, 100 12, 550 10,450 10,050 5,500 9 6,200 10 6,550 6,200 6,200 6,050 5,900 6,850 11 5,600 12 5,200 13 8,000 7,200 7,100 7,200 ' 7,200 7,950 15,000 19, 500 18, 800 17,600 17,400 15,200 5,150 14 5,050 15 4,950 16 4,800 17 6,450 6,450 6.350 6,450 6,600 7,200 18 4,850 19 4,400 20 8,600 8,600 9,250 9,500 9,400 9,400 13,400 13,150 12, 550 12, 100 12, 150 12, 100 34, 100 34, 200 30, 400 * 29," 400 31, 600 31, 200 30,900 30,900 26, 800 4,450 21 4,700 22 5,450 23 5,850 24 10, 400 9,20C 7,80C 8.30C 25 5,700 6.... 5,400 7 9,500 9,400 10, 800 11, 350 12, 100 15, 800 17, 800 5,250 8.. 12. 3501 6, 20C 12'. 3501 S- 2nr 5,200 9 5,450 1 7,70C 9,650 8,500 5,700 1 8,65C MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 219 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1899-1900. 1 5,300 6,000 6,300 6,750 7,150 6,300 6,200 6,300 5,950 6,600 ""6," 550 6,100 5,750 5,550 5,250 5,100 " "5, '650 5,800 5,450 5,450 5,700 6,450 ' '5 ,"850 5,700 5,550 5,700 5,950 '"5," 700 5,450 5,450 5,450 5,550 6,100 5,800 5,200 4,900 5,350 7,300 6,800 "6," 900 5,800 5,800 6,100 6,550 5,800 6,800 6,700 5,950 5,800 6,150 5,850 5,050 5,150 4,300 4,250 4,400 "4, 850 5,450 4,700 4,750 4,750 5,150 ""5,"350 4,900 4,900 4,800 4,800 5,050 " "7,'950 9,150 8,950 8,300 7,800 8,350 " "7," 450 7,200 7,100 7,200 7,000 7,100 6,450 5,900 '*6,'766 6,100 5,500 5,650 6,100 6,450 '"6 "556 5,700 5,800 6,100 6,000 6,100 6,650 5,700 6,000 5,900 5,950 6,100 " "6," 250 5, S00 :,. £50 5,600 7,100 6,950 6,700 14,300 32,900 34, 600 "13," 450 14, 500 16, 600 17,900 18, 500 20,300 "22," 300 19, 400 16, 000 14, 350 15,500 15,300 15,300 17,000 19,000 "33,266 36, 100 "27,'766 25, 300 23,800 21,000 17, 200 14, 850 '12,666 13, 200 11,800 12,200 18,700 32, 000 32, 500 '66,' 400 63, 200 47, 500 36, 100 30, 300 21, 500 '20,' 000 19, 100 17, 400 16,000 11,750 12,750 12, 150 13, 600 17, 200 "l2," 350 11,250 10, 900 10, 800 11,550 10, 300 "6," 250 8,650 9,650 11,600 9,800 9,350 19, 500 16,200 12,950 11,250 10, 300 9,500 ' *8," 850 8,450 " "8," 200 16,100 15, 100 15, 100 14,400 12,000 11, 200 10, 550 '9,700 9,700 10, 150 '15" 200 14, 350 12, 900 11, 300 10, 250 9,350 7,900 7,550 "8," 200 9,200 9,050 8,200 7,800 7,600 7,900 6,650 6,100 6,100 6,200 6,350 "6 ,"366 6,000 5,450 5,450 5,500 5,700 "6,'i66 5,450 5,200 4,700 5,000 5,300 18, 600 'ii'soo 13, 500 12,600 11,400 10,400 9,S00 "i6"9o6 9,750 8,700 8,350 8,000 7,250 "7," 550 7,150 6,850 6,000 6,300 "6,750 6,300 6,300 12,500 6,100 5,700 "6,"i66 5,350 *'5," 250 5,100 4,900 "5, 250 5,000 5,000 4,900 4,400 4,900 4,950 4,750 4,550 4,600 4,600 4,750 ' 4,766 4,300 4,300 4,500 4,700 5,050 "5" 666 4,500 6,250 6,100 5,500 4,450 4,550 4,550 4,600 4,400 4,000 4,050 4,200 4,050 4,200 "4," 600 4,400 4,000 4,550 5,350 6,200 "6,"i50 4,900 4,850 4,500 4,500 4,400 ' "4," 400 4>050 4,050 3,950 4,000 6,750 6,550 6,550 4,100 2 6,000 5,100 5,000 4,950 5,000 5,300 3 4... 4,600 4,250 4,200 4,200 4,150 5 6,950 7,850 7,850 7,800 8,150 10,050 24,800 18, 500 15, 800 13,050 12, 500 12, 650 6 7 8 9 5,350 5,000 4,900 4,800 4,800 4,450 10 4,150 3,750 11 12 10,000 14, 200 48, 000 47,500 37, 500 25,700 11, 850 11, 050 11, 050 10, 050 11,300 14, 150 3,450 3,450 3,050 3 100 13 14 15 16 4,900 4,700 4,700 4,800 5,100 4,750 17 3,900 3,900 4,850 4,250 4 250 18 19 13, 550 12,750 11,500 11,250 18,200 18, 500 13,900 16,400 20, 900 19,800 17, 200 15,050 20 21 22 4*200 23 4,900 4,350 4,350 4,750 4,800 4,800 24 4,300 4 450 25 26 21,400 20. 100 17, 200 5,500 6,300 12, 700 12, 350 12,250 12, 550 12, 300 12,750 4,700 5,000 4 450 27 4,450 4,900 4,950 28 29 30 4,900 4,850 4,800 4,750 4,400 4,450 4,400 4,850 31 1900-1901. 1 5,000 4,900 5,250 "5," 300 4,600 4,600 4,550 5,000 11,400 "9,800 8,100 7,700 7,250 7,000 6,650 "6," 750 6,300 6,050 7,900 B,850 7,900 10, 100 ""8," 900 8,450 11,350 17, 200 15, 200 12,250 " "8," 500 7,900 8,000 7,800 7,700 7,150 "7*366 6,550 6,200 5,950 6,250 6,500 "5,' 666 2 3 6 700 4 5,800 5,300 5,300 5,300 5,000 5,100 5,050 4,850 5,250 5,050 5,050 5,450 6 700 5 3,450 3,400 "6," 666 6,000 5,900 5,900 "6*756 "6," 750 5,700 5,350 6,800 5,650 5,700 6,450 12,050 9,300 "8," 300 7,400 7,100 7,000 6,750 6,400 6 500 6 6 500 7 6' 300 8 4,900 4,700 4,800 5,200 6,300 6,750 9 6 100 10 5' 500 5,300 4 650 11 5,400 4,800 4,900 5,000 4,800 5,150 6,450 12, 650 12,650 10,700 9,300 8,300 12 13 4 650 14 15 6,650 6,750 5,550 6,050 6, mo 5,700 16 6,000 5,350 5,900 17 18 5,350 5,000 5,050 5,050 5,000 4,700 8,300 7,450 7,500 7 650 19 5, 550 6,550 ' *6," 666 5. 550 5, 350 5,350 5,750 5,800 ' 6, "666 5,700 5,S50 7,100 6,300 6,200 5,850 6,300 6,450 7, 450 7, 100 7,000 6,800 6,500 6,450 20 14,500 18, 100 28,700 26,200 20,800 17, 300 16, 100 "17," 666 17, 400 22,700 6,400 6,450 21 22 5,800 5,200 5,000 5,000 5,450 12' 950| "15 "266 23 ""6." 500 5; 300 5,150 5, 300 5,250 5,500 24 ;. 25,700 26, 600 30, 600 28, 700 'i8,'800 16,200 25 5,150 4,700 4,750 4,750 13,200 13,700 21, 600 25, 600 25, 100 19,000 26 8,150 13, 500 15, 700 'i','266 8,450 8,750 8,000 6,750 ' '7,"356 27 28 29 5,700 5,000 4,950 30 5 550 31 21,400 220 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1901-2. 1 5,150 5,150 5, 150 5,700 5,950 6,000 6,300 "*6,'650 5,900 5,850 5,900 5,900 6,450 6,500 5,350 5,300 5,550 6,450 7,000 ' "7/666 5,950 5,950 6,100 " "6," 550 6,000 5,750 5,500 5,550 5,500 ' "6,266 6,100 6,950 7,200 8,350 8,100 35,800 37,700 20, 700 13,800 11,000 9,000 22,700 17,800 14, 500 10,900 9,300 8,550 8,200 8,050 8,000 7,350 "s'ioo 7,300 7,000 7,200 7,200 7,150 "7,266 6,650 7,400 16,200 21,700 18,400 "12,366 12, 500 11,000 9,700 9,300 9,400 9,400 9,250 9,600 11, 500 11, 500 11, 100 10, 160 9,550 8,600 7,650 8,500 8,450 8,350 8,000 8,100 7,550 7,100 9,200 8,000 8,000 8,300 9,500 9,550 8,400 8,700 8,350 8,100 8,200 8,500 8,950 8,250 22,300 25, 10C 22, 10C 18, 30C 15, 60C 13,400 "16 "666 11,000 13,200 31, 500 36,400 32,500 i7,"300 18, 100 .15,700 13, 600 12, 900 11,000 11,400 10, 800 10, 900 10, 900 10,000 "i6,"500 14, 500 12, 500 23,800 24, 300 20, 700 19,000 20, 300 17, 000 15, 900 18, 300 20, 700 20,200 17, 100 15,400 13,950 12, 900 13,950 16, 600 16, 300 13, 900 12,750 11,850 10, 950 10,050 9,900 9,350 8,350 7,600 7,300 7,150 18,30C 24,80C 18,70C 14, 20C 13,700 13, 500 12, 600 12,400 11, 100 ' 9," 600 9,050 8,750 8,350 8,050 7,750 ""7," 750 7,700 7,850 7,700 7,550 7,100 7,700 8,500 11, 550 14,850 ' 10," 650 7,200 7,300 6,700 6,550 6,250 6,350 6,450 6,350 6,150 5,800 5,850 5,550 5,400 5,300 5,100 5,050 ' '5," 050 4,400 4,550 4,450 4,250 4,200 3,050 4,300 3,050 3,100 4,500 4,250 8,60C 8,20C 8,00C 7,80C 7,650 7,350 "7,' 650 7,000 7,200 7,100 6,350 6,750 7,000 5,850 8,500 8,250 1 7,700 7,250 ""7," 550 7,400 7,150 6,450 7,000 8,700 "l, 350 4,900 5,550 5,350 5,050 5,250 5,250 800 6,050 5,450 5,400 5,450 5,700 5,700 15, 300 15, 700 15,800 16, 300 13, 300 10, 800 9,200 10,850 26,200 34,800 29, 300 22,700 18,900 15,900 12,550 11, 150 9,950 7,000 7,20C 7,100 7,650 7,550 7,450 7,000 6,950 6,650 "6," 900 5,700 5,700 6,100 6,150 5,700 7,000 7,000 7,250 7,450 7,750 7,100 " "7," 050 6,500 6,450 6,550 9,550 8,950 8,600 "5, 600 7,900 7,250 6,750 6,900 7,150 7,000 3,750 6,750 6,450 6,350 6,450 5,900 6,450 3,550 6,700 6,450 7,900 9,000 8,500 7,900 5,800 7,550 7,150 6,800 6,750 6,600 6,700 6,300 6,300 5,800 5,350 5,500 5,750 6,800 6,750 7,300 9,550 8,450 7,650 7,150 "7,'i66 5,900 5,800 5,700 6,000 6,200 ' "7" 600 7,200 6,850 6,650 5,800 7,000 2 6,400 5 450 3 9,350 9,800 8,900 8,550 8,100 7,900 54, 500 55, 600 38,000 24, 400 19,000 17,300 4 5" 350 5 5" 100 6 5,450 7 6,200 5,150 5,000 4,850 5,200 5,700 8 ... 5,800 5,300 5 150 9...i 10 7,300 7,200 7,000 7,000 6,850 6,700 15,200 16, 500 16, 700 21, 500 30, 800 30, 800 11 5,850 7,200 7,000 12 13 14 5,850 6,900 13,450 11,600 9,400 7,450 15 7,200 7,250 7,100 7,100 6,100 16 17 7,000 6,300 6,350 6,450 6,650 6,450 23, 000 32, 000 31,000 23, 000 19, 800 20, 700 18 19 20 7,200 21 7,550 6,900 7, 100 6,450 6,700 6,900 6.550 23 6,750 6,550 7,000 6,550 6,650 "6," 800 6,650 6,550 6,750 7,350 8,400 8,400 24 6,650 6,300 6,550 7,700 11, 950 21, 500 19, 700 17, 200 15,400 14, 200 13, 900 25 26 27 6,750 28 6,750 6,300 6,050 6,100 10, 650 10,000 9,200 7,500 6,900 6,750 12,700 "*9," 600 9,500 8,700 8,550 8,350 8,350 "*8,'i50 7,850 7,750 7,650 7,900 7,000 ""8*050 7,750 7,950 7,650 7,550 7,450 '7,' 550 7,450 7,450 " '',"556 7,400 "l5,'666 25, 100 7,450 7,450 7,300 7,550 7,900 7,300 "7" 166 7,200 6,900 ■6,550 6,700 6,950 " '6*900 6,650 7,600 9,900 13,050 12.250 "ii,456 18, 500 21,000 14, 100 12,400 10,256 10,050 9,700 7,100 30 -. - 8,200 31 9,500 10, 550 10,000 10,250 11,850 12, 600 11,450 9,450 8,950 8,900 9,100 9,650 12,750 14, 150 12, 900 12, 100 10, 550 9,800 10,350 9,350 8,500 7,800 9,050 8,950 8,800 8,750 8,800 8,700 29, 100 15, 700 23, 900 24,200 20,200 16, 700 15,800 14, 700 14, 300 20, 600 30, 400 34,400 41,400 42,400 37, 100 30, 200 27, 600 23, 800 21, 100 20,000 19, 400 22, 100 27,300 29,400 34,800 36, 100 35,000 27,700 21,800 19,700 1902-3. 1 6,550 4,000 7,250 6,150 6,100 6,600 7,000 7,050 4,050 7,000 6,000 5,950 6,000 6,650 7,000 3,050 6,750 5,700 5,500 5,400 5,450 6,750 3,800 6,500 5,850 5,950 6,450 6,650 6,750 3,150 6,650 5,700 5,700 6,450 2 3 5,800 5 5,250 6 8,100 9,300 10,000 8,800 8,000 7,700 7 8 6,550 9 5,700 10 5,350 11 4,900 12 5,550 13 8,000 8,100 7,950 7,900 7,800 7,650 700 L4 5,800 15 : 5,150 16 5.200 L7 5,050 L8 5,050 L9 5,800 20 7,500 7,550 8,250 7,850 7.750 7,200 21 5,950 22 5,050 23 5,050 24 5,050 25 5,000 26 5,700 27 7,800 7,350 20,200 25,800 17,200 28 5,700 29 4,800 JO... 4,850 n 2,750 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 221 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-191 5— Continued. 222 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 7,900 15, 400 9,400 20, 700 7,450 7,750 7,650 14,000 9,350 15, 700 10,300 10, 800 7,200 12,300 9,650 13,400 10, 150 7,400 6, 750 11,550 9,750 13,050 8,300 6,550 11,400 11,950 10, 150 11,850 10, 200 4,750 10,350 14, 150 8,550 10,500 10, 450 7,200 9,700 16, 700 10,050 10, 100 8,500 7,150 9,050 13, 650 9,950 12,100 6,900 6,750 8,700 13,050 9,400 12,350 7,900 7,100 8,950 13, 150 9,300 11,300 7,400 7,000 6,550 14, 150 11, 100 11,400 7,400 6,100 8,700 17,300 10,400 10,650 7,450 3,200 8,300 18,700 8,550 9,550 7,450 7,000 8,350 18, 200 9,250 8,550 6,500 6,300 7,700 18, 100 10, 150 8,000 4,200 5,700 7,450 27,500 9,050 7,400 7,350 5,700 6,000 35, 400 8,500 6,800 6,500 5,550 4,900 29,500 8,600 13, 950 6,550 5,700 6,750 22, 900 8,850 16,200 6,900 1,400 6,900 20,300 7,600 14,000 6,900 5,900 7,000 17,800 8,500 13,250 6,300 5,500 7,100 16,500 7,800 10,300 3,800 5,050 7,300 17,000 7,150 9,050 6,550 5,050 6,700 15, 200 7,100 8,150 6,500 5,150 4,000 12,900 7,100 11,900 7,150 5,450 7,350 11,550 6,900 12,600 7,200 750 7,300 10, 600 7,000 10, 800 7,100 5,250 9,250 9,550 13, 450 9,450 6,550 5,400 17, 100 8,350 37, 500 8,350 3,150 5,250 17,600 9,400 38, 400 7,750 6,500 5,250 16,300 28,300 6,550 5,600 5,250 25,400 14, 000 7,050 6,300 5,800 5,900 20, 700 17, 200 5,050 6,750 5,700 400 16,200 14, 400 7,650 7,300 6,100 6,550 13, 750 11,300 8,600 4,100 5,600 12, 550 9,950 9,650 5,200 5,600 5,550 12,500 11, 000 9,550 4,350 5,550 5,700 11,950 10,300 10, 800 3,400 5,600 5,600 11, 750 9,950 10,500 6,950 5,550 5,850 11, 100 9,750 6,500 5,550 1,150 10,500 9,800 8,750 6,700 6,300 6,450 10,300 9,050 8,300 6,450 5,700 10, 400 8,150 8,050 6,450 5,450 5,600 11, 050 9,100 7,900 6,350 5,350 5,700 11, 150 8,600 8,100 4,100 5,350 6,150 12, 100 8,300 7,000 6,750 5,050 7,000 12,350 9,050 4,550 6,900 4,400 4,400 12,250 9,300 7,450 6,600 4,150 9,000 11,700 13, 050 7,400 6,250 10, 300 10,850 11, 700 7,350 6,200 4,450 10, 050 10, 200 10, 900 6,750 6,350 4,450 9,300 9,050 9,900 6,700 4,450 9,350 9,700 9,100 6,550 6,450 4,450 9,050 8,250 8,500 3,000 5,900 4,500 11, 800 9,500 8,050 6,750 5,900 2,700 13, 450 13,600 7,250 6,550 5,400 250 12, 800 17,000 5,350 6,050 5,500 2,600 12, 450 13,300 7,650 5,900 6,300 2,700 12, 500 15,300 7,750 5,900 1,800 3,200 14, 200 15, 000 8,100 6,000 5,850 3,150 17, 900 14, 000 8,000 3,100 5,800 3,250 22,200 7,900 5,850 3,100 1905-6. 1906-7. 3,750 6,500 6,300 6,250 6,300 6,200 6,700 2,750 6,250 5,550 5,550 5,650 5,600 6,100 4,150 6,150 6,100 6,100 6,100 6,100 6,100 3,700 6,550 6,250 6,300 6,250 6,350 6,400 2,700 6,100 6,050 4,550 4,550 4,550 4,500 4,500 4,400 4,300 4,300 4,400 5,100 4,750 5,200 1,750 5,600 5,700 5,150 5,100 4,700 4,450 4,800 5,700 6,000 5,950 5,900 6,050 4,300 6,750 6,550 6,350 5,500 5,500 5, 6,450 3,000 6,500 6,600 7,300 7,400 7,100 6,650 4,000 7,000 6,250 6,400 6,500 6,700 6,350 3,400 6,500 6,300 6,000 6,000 5,850 6,250 1,650 6,450 6,150 6,100 1,400 6,500 5,700 6,150 6,300 5,700 5,600 5,200 4,900 4,550 5,450 5,550 6,000 6,000 6,950 1,250 6,300 5,950 7,300 7,650 7,550 7,150 4,450 7,450 7,300 7,150 2,600 7,300 7,050 750 050 050 300 11 900 750 200 450 400 250 350 400 450 300 700 500 750 500 ( 500 300 450 900 200 600 450 5,950 650 7 7,850 7,900 7,300 4,700 7,300 7,200 7,050 6,750 6,750 6,650 2,950 6,750 6,800 6,750 6,650 6,450 6,300 3,650 6,650 6,500 6,500 7,550 8,950 8,800 7,600 200 9, 050 200 10,450 750 9, 150 700 300 900 5,900 6,550 3,450 7,100 6,550 6,100 6,100 5,900 6,850 2,750 6,800 6,300 6,100 6,100 6,000 6,350 1,150 6,800 6,150 6,050 6,050 6,100 6,450 650 5,900 5,400 5,400 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 223 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1848-1801; 1866-1915— Continued. Oct. Nov. 17,800 16,200 13,150 12,350 10.15C 11,550 8,800 24,300 8,500 24,300 8,300 16,800 8,71)0 22, 100 8,700 34,500 9,500 30,000 13,250 21,800 11,300 18,100 8,800 15,300 7,300 13,400 8,800 12, 100 8,150 11,000 7,900 9,800 7,650 8,500 7,500 9,350 7,150 8,950 4,300 9,000 7,650 8,600 7,550 8,500 6,800 8,250 7,050 7,100 7,150 8,800 6,900 9,500 3,750 10,050 6,450 7,750 9,100 23, 300 8,350 22,500 4,220 73 3,900 4,400 4,160 4,720 57 4,700 4,300 4,640 4,200 4,300 4,200 4,160 4,200 35 4,160 4,680 4,000 4,400 39 4,360 4,240 4,340 4,200 4,140 4,200 4,060 4,180 45 3,860 4,400 3,880 4,340 25 4,340 4,200 4,360 4,200 4,320 4,200 4,300 4,200 46 4,000 4,340 3,800 4,600 31 4,600 4,000 88 3,376 4,740 3,376 4,700 3,394 47 4,040 5,010 4,020 Dec. 6,950 8,400 8,350 8,050 8,050 7,500 6,750 5,150 7,600 7,450 9,500 24,600 19,000 12, 900 9,150 9,550 10,200 9,800 9,300 8,550 7,900 6,350 8,400 9,300 13,700 I 14,150 12, 100 10,300 10,300 11,250 12,600 5,424 5,355 4,740 4,760 4,600 Jan. 14,580 13,080 11,350 9,000 8,200 9,050 8,625 10,500 13,110 12,510 10,625 9,250 13,770 16, 105 13, 170 12,480 9,825 9,525 8,375 9,650 9,075 9,200 9,100 7,380 6,540 9,075 9,125 9,325 10,300 7,260 4, 4,500 4,600 4,100 Feb. 72 4,300 4,660 6,780 5,079 10,850 5,125 9,400 5,125, 5,240 4,700 4,540 107| 4,968, 5,286j 5,171 5,148' 5,079j 4,863' 85, 5,056 4,700, 4,640 4,520! 79 735 140 4,720 4, 600 4,540 4,500! 7,825 7,825 7,260 7,260 7,212 195 6,108 5,240 5,171 5,470 5,102 5,940 1,290 6,300 6,300 6,300 6,276 6,564 6,468 2,516 6,060 9,525 8,500 8,375 8,175 6,300 6,372 7,625 8,250 7,875 7, 7,625 5,940 6, 20,480 25,030 22, 15,540 11,050 9,900 9,125 8,450 9,175 8,700 8,750 9,100 8,550 8,000 Mar. 6,300 5,516 5,539 5,424 5,355 5,378 3,106 6,660 6,708 7,332 8,325 8,400 8,125 6,348 8,375 8,375 8,075 7,260 7,950 8,075 10,425 14, 130 14,280 13,740 16,980 16,980 15,330 12,630 6,924 8,950 8,875 9,075 8,825 7,925 7,750 6,468 9,125 9,125 9,175 9,175 9,300 12, 180 13,290 19,220 21,005 18,800 15,840 12,930 11,580 10,200 11,730 12,930 20,025 20, 130 18,345 20,340 21,530 24,365 24,225 11,375 10,500 10,025 9,700 9,475 8,750 6,036 9,050 8,325 8,250 9,250 8,925 9,125 6,612 9,250 8,450 9,000 8,875 8,700 7,625 5,355 8,375 8,125 8,250 8,500 19,255 24,715 20, 760 19,045 17,330 16,630 Apr. 21,005 18,205 16,280 14, 130 11,375 11,790 11,940 13,110 14,730 14,370 13,830 14,280 14,880 13,380 12, 180 11,700 12,540 11,350 10,800 12,330 May. 16,070 17,330 18, 100 17, 855 18,660 16,245 14,070 14, 100 19, 955 20, 655 19,430 16,770 15,030 14,580 14, 610 14,220 12,780 12,450 11,580 10," 13,680; 10,550 12,150' 9,775 12,060, 9,850 10,550 10,300 11,460 11,100 10,150 9,500 9,175 8,500 14,370 16, 980 17,750 20,235 15, 780 15,510 15,210 14, 670 14,580 16,035 19,080 24, 155 26,950 22,930 17, 155 14, 280 12, 630 13,080 26,430 40,510 36,556 28,030 23,665 20, 655 24,155 19,780 18,275 18,100 14,970 13,890 12,990' 12,360 13,530! 13,680: 12,870 12,630 14,250 13,530 12,390 12,780 11,888 12, 120 11,200 12,330 12,480 13, 140 11,888 10,375 9,450 8,125 9,400 11,430 11,200 10,875 10,300 9,525 7,700 9,125 8,925 8,500 8,375 8,200 7,750 6,852 8,375 June. 13,980 14,340 11,640 10,025 8,925 8,125 6,252 8,750 8,375 8,375 8,375 8,000 7,212 3,743 7,625 7,750 6,420 6,420 7,140 6,900 3, 6,180 6,132 6,132 6,132 4,800 756 6,420 6,300 8,250 8,125 7,875 7,950 7,500 4,< 8,325 8,750 8,250 8,125 7,825 7,875 4,400 7,500 7„6(25 7,625 7,116 6,900 7,140 6,972 7,750 7,500 7,625 7,575 6,948 6,180 2,260 6,540 5,700 5,700 July. 6,252 5,079 4,800 219 2,024 6,132 5,940 5,892 5, 5,424 5,820 77 5,585 5,401 5,355 5,355 4,640 4,400 39 5,470 5,892 8,125 7,875 6,780 6,468 2,926 7,212 7,260 6,300 6,060 5,240 5,700 5,148 5,240 41 1,735 5,820 5,654 6,300 5,940 20 5,240 5,240 5,194 4,800 4,863 4,660 4,' 4,926 4,947 4,947 4,947 4,740 37 5,194 5,240 5,125 5,010 4, 660 Aug. 5,056 95 6,132 5,940 5," 6,420 10, 8,000 6,444 7 188 6,660 6,660 6,420 6,012 5,516 3,376 6,612 6,420 6,012 5,654 5,401 4,800 6,852 6,300 6,108 6,060 5,820 5,654 35 6,036 22 4,905 4,f ■' 4,620 4,700 4,440 20 4,600 4,660 4,500 4,460 4,460 4,300 5 4,460 4,100 4,360 4,500 4,460 4,620 30 4,620 4,660 4,620! 4,6001 4,600| 4,200! 7 I 4,400 3,900' Sept. 5,748 5,820 5,748 5,010 4,700 47 278 5,700 5,820 5,700 5,355 4,700 34 5,493 5,240 5,125 4,800 4,540 4,500 33 4,300 3,466 3,466 3,430 3,430 3,430 63 4,040 4,020 4,200 2,980 3,286 3,860 3,840 29 784 2,805 4,500 4,200 4,080 30 4,600 4,580 4,540 4,540 4,500 4,400 21 4,260 3,840 3,860 3,860 3,840 3,940 27 4,000 4,240 4,800 5,585 224 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. 1909-10. 1910-11. 7,140 6,780 6,780 4, 5,010 4,560 4,460 4,400 13 4,520 4,560 4,560 4,520 4,400 4,200 5 4,200 4,120 4,100 4, IOC 4, 3,920 34 4,320 4,600 4,600 4,600 4,500 4,360 4,140 8 4,140 4,140 4,060 4,100 4,100 3,743 15 3,960 3,900 3,800 4, 000 3,840 3,743 13 4,000 4,020 3,705 3,705 3,705 3,358 34 3,667 2,771 2,771 3,705 3,800 3,574 29 3,781 4,500 4, 4,500 4,500 4,700 4,040 36 4,440 4,400 4, 4, 4,400 3, 11 4,000 4,000 3,980 4,000 4,040 3,466 25 4,000 4,000 4,100 70 4,600 4,560 2,335 6.372 6^420 3,088 3,070 3,430 3,900 4,000 3,430 ; 5,820 6,108 5,988 5,940 5,844 5,844 77 5,355 5,355 5,194 5,125 4,600 4,340 30 4,600 4,500 4,460 204 4,340 4,500 39 4,500 4,500 4,500 5,470 5,378 5,355 5,010 5,355 5,056 5,240 5,079 5,539 5,125 5,424 6,204 6,732 6,948 6,612 255 6,252 5,447 5,355 5,240 5,240 95 270 5,355 4,600 4,660 4,600 4,1 4,905 4,905 4,600 42 4,700 4,200 4,160 4,140 4,100 3,960 83 3,705 2,980 2,890 2,890 76 2,926 2,980 2,944 2,926 127 5,240 4,500 4,520 4,460 5,940 6,012 3,762 89 4,260 4,220 4,140 3,304 4,500 4,600 240 5,056 5,148 5,125 5,194 5,171 5, 216 5,631 5,470 5,470 5,772 6,228 11,300 20, 970 16, 175 13,i 11,250 9,675 8,875 7, 750 8,975 5,470 5,470 6,588 7,575 8,000 7,140 4,080 7,188 6,900 6,420 6,228 6,540 6,180 440 6,180 5,585 5,424 5,309 4,680 4,340 115 4,821 4,700 4,600 4,660 4,640 4,440 1,940 5,700 6,948 8,425 8,250 8,150 8,000 7,380 4,320 7,750 6,444 6,420 6,780 7,332 6,900 3,724 7,428 7, 7,140 7,188 7,140 4,040 7,625 7,975 8,075 8,125 8,275 7,825 5,820 9,450 6,300 6,036 5,125 4,800 338 5,748 5,940 5,724 5,286 5,286 4,640 210 4,760 4,800 4,800 4,760 4,700 4,400 198 4,905 4,821 4,760 4,740 4,760 4,400 189 4,947 5,700 16,385 25,380 27,470 24,470 21,530 19, 19,850 22,510 22, 16,630 14,430 13,740 13,530 12, 12,330 11,430 10,425 8,825 11,050 11, 12, 540 12, 720 13,680 16, 875 21,530 19,080 16,805 16,000 5,820 6,228 6,060 5,585 805 5,724 5,378 5,332 5,171 5,171 4,660 195 5,309 5,309 6,420 11,888 8,750 7,452 4,440 7,750 7,700 7,650 7,775 7,800 19,080 17,085 14,970 14,280 12,510 12,150 13,890 14,580 12,330 10,200 10,425 9,700 9,250 8,875 8,125 7,625 5,240 7,700 5, 12,240 11,670 10,925 12, 780 12,330 10,925 13,140 21,005 17,855 14, 100 16,875 11, 640 10,750 9,575 9,200 9,400 13, 980 18,905 19,300 18,205 15,480 14,280 13,380 13,530 15,420 19, 955 20,935 16,630 13,290 12,570 12,930 12,330 10,875 11,375 10,800 3,724 11 8,250] 12,690 ll,580j " 15,480 17,085 21,705 13,890 14,430 14,580 11,888 12, 180 11, 175 10,475 11,050 11,730 10,375 8,225 8,875 8,875 8,625 8,525 8,250 7,625 5,286 7,925 7,750 7,700 7,675 7,700 7,625 5,378 8,000 7,750 7,675 7,575 7,380 7,260 4,440 4,020 7,625 15,510 15,180 15,510 13,530 10, 750 9,400 6,660 9,075 8,775 8,850 8,750 8,500 7,875 5,585 8,450 8,375 8,125 7,305 7,525 7,332 3,106 7,332 7,044 6,924 6,852 6,972 6,228 3,686 3,960 2,771 7,188 7,500 7,452 8,875 7,260 4,1 7,500 7,380 7,500 8,200 6,012 5,892 8,925 9,450 8,700 7,800 7,380 6,900 6,492 8,500 7,875 7,212 7,164 6,540 5,401 3,034 7,092 7,020 6,876 5,516 6,972 6,492 4,640 2,618 6,132 6,228 6,252 6,228 6,r 2,< 6,300 6,228 6,276 7,140 7,875 7,140 3,' 7,260 7,188 5,309 5,309 5,892 5,700 55 5,700 5,286 5,240 5,194 4,740 5,240 4,560 1, 2,350 4,520 4,360 4,360 4,200 1, 5,079 5,125 5,125 4,947 4,440 55 4, 4,560 4,560 4,500 4,500 4,160 61 4,700 4,560 4,540 4,580 630 4,! 25 1,856 83 4,460 4,200 2 i 3,' 160 721 5,424 5,171 4,700 4,120 3,268 3,250 15 3,394 2,230 2,230 2,335 2,380 2,380 17 3,610 3,340 3,610 3,574 3,781 3,520 33 4,600 4,905 4,720 4,700 4,680 ' 18 4,620 121 4,560 4,760 3,629 4,50( 5,700 4,760 5,700 6,10* 4,580 5,940 4,620 1,940 5,010 5,516 4,500 5,010 37 4,905 4,968 4,905 4,968 4,320 4,800 4,000 4,760 10 6,252 4,40C 8,000 4,400 35 4,400 5,516 4,360 5,194 4,300 5,010 4,140 5,010 26 5,010 4,380 2,805 4,360 13 4,460 4,120 4,500 3,705 4,540 3,592 5,240 6,012 5,240 4,947 5,125 2,052 5,056 1,800 4,842 6,300 32 5,240 4,120 5,125 4,200 4,540 4,140 4,340 4,040 20 4,000 4,360 3,520 4,842 10 5,079 3,070 5,309 3,016 5,286 3,016 4,600 3,430 41 3,610 5,964 3,466 "5,868 15 5,892 4,140 5,240 4,060 4,905 2,944 4,660 2,980 21 3,016 5,010 3,070 4,947 51 4,905 3,106 4,926 3,900 5,010 4,100 4,460 4,300 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 225 Ten-hour discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack Rivei' of Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 80, 1848-1861; 1866-1915— Continued. Day. 1911-12. 7 8 16 17 18 19 20 9,000 1912-13. Oct. 34 5,309 5,470 5,401 5,940 7,575 7,308 3,648 7,800 Nov. Dec 7,900 7,825 7,404 7,380 3,340 7,452 7,404 7,650 8,275 8,050 6,612 7,380 122 4,120 6,780 8,075 6,780 - 7, 875 45 8,250 5,631 8,675 5,585 8,250 5,562 7,975 5,724 6,612 9,000 9,550 11, 250 9,300 8,625 8,825 10,150 8,625 10, 150 8,125 10,325 7,625 9,125 6,036 8,125 8,875 7,380 8,575 4,400 8,500 8,300 5,033 7,700 5,988 7,625 5,539 7,260 5,171 4,280 6,060 8,250 6,348 8,025 26 7,750 5,940 7,625 5,820 7,625 5,700 13,650 5,677 12,570 5,171 10, 475 370 9,075 32 8,475 5,772 8,375 5,700 8,700 5,700 9,700 6,348 8,025 6,060 9,000 5,286 8,550 31 8,350 5,700 8,250 4,740 7,950 4,720 7, 625 5,585 3, 762 6,780 8,075 13,410 8,150 9, 900 8, 325 9,600 4,620 8,300 8,300 7,950 7,875 7,825 9,550 8,625 5,892 8,625 8,275 7,825 7,800 8,175 7,625 4,100 7,925 7,850 7,875 8,500 9,075 8,325 5,772 9,450 9,275 8,800 8,525 8,375 8,000 16,280 15,780 13,440 1-1,250 10,675 8,175 7,525 4,760 3,940 8,125 7,925 7,950 9,150 8,675 8,500 8,075 9, 250 8,425 8,275 8,175 7,925 7,500 3,340 7,775 7,625 7,600 7,750 8,125 8,625 5,447 8,375 8,000 2,155 7,625 7,675 6, 900 4,420 8,375 9,000 Jan. Feb 8, 175 7,825 8,375 8,250 8,250 7,925 3,880 7,625 7,625 6,420 6,612 7,308 6,948 3,610 6,732 6,780 6,948 7,380 4,240 7,308 7,750 7,625 8,075 8,000 7,260 3,394 7,625 7, 356 6,900 10,475 11, 225 10, 750 11,888 11,730 12,480 10, 725 10, 225 8,325 8,325 8,375 6,564 8,975 8,800 9,075 8,850 8,825 8,750 7,800 10, 875 11,125 10, 650 10, 475 9, 900 9,700 7,925 9,400 9,000 8,500 8,425 8,575 6,972 6,732 6,732 2,771 6,660 6,420 6,396 6,372 6,396 1,314 6,348 6,108 6,012 5,585 5,724 6,468 234 5,940 5,916 7,825 7,975 -4,600 8,800 8,625 8,625 8, 150 8,625 6,204 9,075 8,450 8,500 8,375 8,200 8,000 4,040 7,875 7,625 6,372 6,828 7,188 7, 236 2,962 7,308 7,020 7,020 6,660 6,708 4,821 4,947 8,500 8,650 8,375 8,200 8, 150 Mar. Apr. May. 8,000 23,280 7,750; 22,755 2,890 22,685 7,775 20,900 6,660 17,995 6,54o! 16,665 6,420; 18,940 6,420 24,330 7,500; 29,910 3,430; 24,855 7,700 20,305 7,700 17,400 9,000' 16,105 12,480 [ 14,490 15,030 15,330 18,065 14,880 23,665 16,105 24,680 21,355 23,105 21,705 23,630 21,355 23,560 18,905 20, 270 j 17,505 16,805 16,385 14,610 18,555 12,630 18,100 11,460 10,875 10,475 12, 270 ! 22,930 24.960 14,580 13,380 11,580 13, 470 12, 240 8,425 19,010 6,540 23,350 8,675 18,030 8,675| 15,030 8,950 13,680 8,525 8,325 7,825 3,592 8,300 80 9,400 9,900 10,225 14, 790 19,920 24,365 19,045 14,280 12, 270 14,370 20, 795 26,510 18, 555 14, 730 16,945 29, K30 33,150 39, 542 26, 255 20, 830 13, 380 14, 220 13, 100 11, 888 11,050 10,675 11,200 12,930 15, 480 15, 750 15, 120 14,310 13,110 10,925 9,800 11, 460 10, 675 10, 150 9,850 9,900 9,300 8,000 10, 025 10.075 10,800 11,200 10,925 10, 600 9,900 7,140 10,150 10, 150 11,125 11,125 11,580 10,925 8,375 10,800 10,925 12,060 11,175 11,300 13,980 13,710 12,630 11,350 11,430 13,530 13,020 12,330 10,375 10,925 10,425 9,900 7,020 11,460 10,925 10,025 June. July. Aug. Sept. 15,030 14,070 13,320 12,930 12, 240 10,975 10,300 9,125 6,804 9,475 7,625 8,550 8,550 8,325 7,700 3,430 7,875 7,675 6,732 6,732 7,452 7,380 6,612 6,492 6,420 5,940 5,378 4,968 6,636 9,250 8,950 8,875 8,800 8,750 8,425 4,400 8,650 8,200 8,125! 7,500 7, 675 7,8001 3,430 7,575 6,612, I 6,852 6, 900 7,380 7, 825 10, 200 1 13,080 11,790 10, 300 1 10,350 14,940! 15,780 . 11,730 11, 490 10,025 9,325 8,825 8,750 8,125 4,800 8,575 7,775 7,550 7,550 7,500 7,308 2,095 6,660 6,588 6,180 6,132 5,700 6,420 97 6,900 5,892 5,470 5,401 5,240 5,654 61 5,355 6,132 5,916 5 748 162 5,772 5,401 46 4,660 4,600 4,500 4,700 4,500 4,300 72 4,884 5,010 4,905 4,440 4,560 4,400 31 4,720 5,631 5,585 6,012 6,060 5,772 35 5,424 5,355 5,378 5,194 5,010 5,010 112 306 1,748 5,240 4,905 4,700 4,700 4,926 4,700 25 5,010 5,010 4,905 4,905 4,905 4,700 33 4,842 4,300 4,300 3,900 3,900 3,800 52 3,800 3,743 3,781 3,940 5,355 5,286 5,240 30 5,772 0, 390 10,610 11,270 14,530 12,420 15,620 15,740' 16,900 15,220 20,700 14,200! 39,000 14, 130 15,690 14, 700' 13, 300 17, 190 18,800' 17, 520 17, 900 19, 100 18,800 44,800 37,800' 29,450 21,900; 19, 300 17,80o! 18, 200 18, 350! 17, 500 19,420 25,808 20,100 18,200; 24,558 19,200 18,800 21,010 17,400 30,000 16,824 15,250 32,600 14,315 14,080 24,4501 12,129 14,100 11,132 15,550 10,426 15,370 9,400 15,830 9,660 14,970 12,840 14,900 16,2001 14,080 15,250 12,010 14,200 13,620 L2,150 12, 4(H) 11,890 18, 700 16, 900 14,850 13.320 12,300 11,620 9,730 8, 150 9,000 7,500 7, 230 10, 130 9,610 8,260 7,250 6,100 6,445 4,940 5,765 5, 160 4,970 4,15c 3, 4,980 3, 3,750 3,720 3,590 3,540 2, 4,570 3.760 3,070 3,760 3,590 3, 620 2,980 11,070 10,040 11,220 14, 120 July. 6,845 6,500 5,560 5,240 6,030 4, 4,660 5,000 4,825 3,885 3,115 4,570 3, — 4,550 4,320 3,955 3,140 3,495 4,410 3, 795 3,600 3,540 3,720 3,460 4,200 5,160 4,420 4, 1(50 4,000 3,825 Aug. 9,960 9.500 8; 100 6,510 13,030 12,980 9,890 7,610 5,560 4,725 5,i 4,280| 3,845 3,800! 3,600 2,815 1, 170! 3,520 3,345 2,895 ( 2,950' 2,850 1,940 640! 2,760! Sept. 3,045 3,020 2,790 2," 2,760 1,850 505 2,980 3,105 2,735 2,760 2,690 1,880 4,975 6,115 4,940 3,920 3,530 3 — 2'360 1,330 3,770 3,415 3,120 2,760 2,880 2, 2, 805! 3, 965 2,805! 18,770 2,805' 21,600 1,960! 14,680 360 10,820 2,865 1, 660] 2,540 2,070 3,665| 3,480 2,675 1,730 1,545 3,380 3, 255 2,680 2,750 2,800 1,805 305 3,140 2,800 2,700l 2, 2,665 1,700 310 2, 590 2,650 2,592 2,316 2,196 2,166 1,454 435 2,729 2, 660 2,283 1,836 2,284 1,703 1,721 3,168 2,314 2, 286 1,985; 2,345 1,295 811 2,955' 2,515 3,331 2.4311 3, 429 8,260 6,550 5,550 4,520 3,460 4,410 3,700 3,800 3,815 3,020 765 3,590 3,395 2,900 3,125 7,280 4,755 5,140 3,700 3,545 3,480 3,240 2,370 565 3,480 3,265 3,030 3,300 3,355 6,246 4,122 3,229 3,138 3,987 2,611 2,155 2,777 1,714 2,229 3,723 2,667 2,975 2,304 2,599 1,530 1,211 3,561 3,425 3,304 3,275 2,945 1,751 1,390 3,215 2,605 2,713 2,577 2,615 4,078 2,739 2,000 4,466 2,193 1,670 2,932 2,423 970 4,042 1,430 3, 140 6,554 242 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Day. 1893-94. 1894-95. Oct. 1, 3,030 2,633 2,282 2,244 2,197 1,486 286 2,513 2,582 2,330 2,324 2,241 1, 853 4,881 4,641 3,852 3,245 2,918 1,736 1,072 3,544 3,128 3,560 11,180 7,900 5,400 5,690 11,380 8,320 2, 2,126 2,144 2,161 2,009 2,055 2,206 2,275 2,433 2,047 1/ 2,180 3,561 3,133 3,589 2,964 2,591 1,126 3,390 2,789 2,239 2,014 2,272 1,647 553 3,144 2,595 2,401 Nov 6,290 5,180 4,530 3,350 2,900 4,810 4,060 3,140 3,500 2,540 1,690 3,720 3,490 2,880 2,880 2,805 1,970 1,430 3,460 3,240 2,700 2,780 3,680 3,280 2,900 3," 3,060 2,850 4,420 Dec. 2,515 2,647 2,' 3,045 5,818 5,935 5,196 4,864 4,170 3,481 2,961 4,209 3,852 2,856 3,447 3,438 2,625 2,704 4,326 4,043 3,638 3,536 3,550 2,701 2,528 4,277 3,664 3,078 1,479 3,455 7,010 5,380 4,540 5,180 4,490 4,280 4,900 5,355 4,410 4,060 5,900 4,460 4,280 5,990 5,000 3,970 3,580 6,600 5,680 5,860 6,290 4,960 3,815 3,240 3,370 6,140 7,665 8,445 7,910 6,420 6,045 1,990 1,296 3,492 2,991 2,818 2,72- 2,570 1,801 1,140 2,811 2,625 2,639 3,096 4,290 4,777 5,: 4,746 4,633 4,264 3,956 2,731 2,491 3,911 1,648 3,695 3,244 2,747 1,957 961 3,287 Jan. 4,490 3,680 2,880 2,760 2,650 2,630 3,000 4,220 3,410 3,200 3,220 2,700 4,800 1,000 3,910 3,160 2,775 2,990 2,950 2,880 1,500 2,790 2, 2,110 2,310 2,750 3,000 2,000 3,300 2,830 5,000 2,534 2,567 2,630 2,425 710 3,233 2,526 2,470 2,544 2,905 1,849 1,884 3,951 3,951 3,681 3,631 3,488 2,371 3,590 3,968 3,203 3,048 3,424 3,303 2,263 2,119 4,078 3,147 3,167 3,022 Feb. 2,850 2,950 2,490 1,000 2,900 2,700 2,730 1,820 2,000 2,010 1,200 3,040 4,640 3,780 2,500 4,52C 4, 2,380 V 4,490 7,320 7,320 7,020 9,600 6,390 8,520 8,120 6,350 Mar. 2,787 1,904 1,579 3,432 2,985 2,815 2,619 2,302 1,743 3,205 2,577 2,546 2,413 2,391 1,639 877 3,199 2,621 2,542 2,608 2,354 1,727 932 3,067 2,533 2,183 2,465 6,220 5, 4,700 3,100 13,950 22,400 27,900 26, 130 21,350 20,430 20,000 19,650 19, 16,580 14,580 11,900 13,550 14,500 18,320 17,600 15,700 16,050 13,400 14,300 13,300 11,900 10,200 9,900 9,170 2,481 1,609 1,595 3,381 3,377 3,560 3,247 3,193 2, 3,327 4,785 5,r- 4,618 7,: 9,053 8,124 7,962 6,903 6,439 6,380 6,380 6,120 5,850 8,600 8,540 10,480 9,960 9,230 8,100 6,770 Apr. 7,000 9,080 9,100 9,080 8,650 9,100 8,880 6,720 9,120 8,220 8,650 9,600 10,500 10,580 9,000 11,900 11,380 11,800 9,450 10,400 10,580 13,320 20,880 19,700 17,620 16, 200 14,320 12,100 9,000 10,620 May. 8,160 6,820 6,740 6,920 8,190 7,740 7,140 9,320 10, 080 25,400 39,200 33, 600 24,100 19, 600 40, 300 65,300 54, 702 34, 512 25,905 22, 190 19,604 17,865 16,459 15,273 13,774 12,386 12,155 11,001 10,657 10,114 9,450 8,000 8,080 8,580 7,920 5,500 7,620 7,400 7, 6,900 6,320 5,400 2,880 4,870 3,530 3,260 3,580 3,480 2,540 2,905 6,350 6,200 6,200 5,680 6,550 10,250 10,030 10,300 9,200 10,980 19, 130 9,950 9,814 9,155 8,198 7,629 8,305 8,557 8,596 7,994 6,632 5,73f 5,i 5/ 7, 7,875 6,726 6,052 5,378 4,399 5,477 4,135 4,300 4,320 4,098 3,244 2,649 4,326 4,002 5,523 6,180 6,004 June. 15, 150 12,900 10,020 14,220 14,400 11,950 10,200 9,130 8,000 5,050 5,790 4,335 4,240 4,035 3, 2,790 2,500 3,900 3,260 2,885 2,900 4,350 3,165 2,700 4,175 3,500 2,880 2,920 3,455 2,310 4,701 3,462 4,572 4,021 3,308 3,812 4,040 3,685 3,371 4,292 3,546 3,046 2,992 2,682 1,889 July. 3,699 2,928 2,519 2,212 2,471 1,801 569 3,260 2,623 2,592 2,816 2,911 2,708 2,636 2,183 3,393 2,698 762 3,273 2,018 1,509 3,712 3,031 2,491 2,340 2,367 1,562 1,086 3,162 2,807 2,622 2,207 2,205 1,480 223 3,213 2,371 2,562 2,325 2,263 1,445 436 2,573 2,667 4,274 3,211 3,316 1," 4,045 1,883 1,577 3,877 2,590 2,785 3,325 3,515 2,028 1,801 4,018 3,002 2,841 2,611 2,602 1,817 681 3,435 2,722 2,497 2,150 2,139 1,508 257 2,850 2,507 2,628 Aug. 2,199 2,007 2,066 1,459 255 2,524 2,447 2,225 2,031 1,933 1,285 200 2,130 2,182 2,038 1,979 1,958 1,368 257 1,829 2,074 2,078 1 1 1,229 193 1,687 1,790 1,793 1,876 1,947 2,615 166 2,627 493 1,781 2,974 1,096 2,537 3,409 2,428 2,757 2,315 2,529 1,587 2,247 203 2,273 2,216 1,734 2,273 409 2,241 3,050 1,925 2,609 2,079 2,419 1,670 2,305 310 2,175 2,292 1,456 1,951 540 2,267 3,283 2,111 3,132 1,965 2,661 1,453 2,668 81 2,669 1,839 1,663 1,957 307 1,905 3,087 1,920 2,419 1,919 2,183 1,200 2,110 71 1,968 1,832 1,413 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 243 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jai 3,422 6,114 8,600 8,700 7,360 10,480 10,460 11,080 14,490 12,870 17, 21, 14, 11, 7, 6,520 5,940 5,460 4,550 4,310 9,750 7,000 7,030 9,070 7,610 5, 6, 7, 6, 6, 6,520 8,950 7,600 5,880 6,840 7,820 6,960 7,590 7,530 5,210 5, 5, 7, 5, 5, 10,800 12,630 13,910 13,250 12,110 6,820 5,550 4,580 4,710 5,000 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 11,270 11,530 11,340 8,440 9,490 5,150 6,550 13,360 17,100 12,910 4, 3, 4, 3, 4, 10, 150 12,860 19, 100 18,400 14,680 12,010 10, 870 12, 770 15, 160 12, 770 11,270 3, 4, 3, 3, 4,507 5,324 4,337 4,052 4,208 8,046 6,851 5,621 4,530 3,289 2, J 1,< 2, 4,< 4,< 7,055 19,573 15,847 11,519 9,068 3,444 5,256 4,526 4,804 6,419 4,i 6, 7,; 5,: 4,< 8,219 7,324 6,891 6,453 5,513 7,691 6,857 5,620 6,035 5,164 5,( 3, ( 3, '<■ 3,[ 2,1 5,983 5,241 4,840 4,844 4,732 4,738 2,974 2,999 3,563 3,306 2,( U 4,( 3,2 3,] 3,755 3,564 4,679 3,925 4,072 4.904 3,528 3,319 3,051 1,520 2,i 3,( 2,: 2,C 4,( 4,525 6,816 6,249 7,384 9,358 2,336 2,377 3,876 3,195 2, 793 2,498 2,< 2,' 2,' 2,( 1.5 1,' Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. I Sept. 27. 1895-96. 1896-97. 1,739 2,166 2,763 3,265 1,819 429 2,907 2,568 1,999 1,978 1,718 1,184 1,144 8,363 10, 244 11,959 9,192 6,995 5,918 4,764 5,665 4,714! 3, 751 I 4,299 3, 780 2, 718! 2,416, 4,457 3,539j 3,102 2,753. 2,503 2,664 2, 282J 2,358! 4,442 ! 3,083j 3,277 3,586j 3, 763 2,646| 2,327, 4,432 3,117 3,105! ,432 10, 749 1 8,415; 6,311 l 6,2861 5,366; 5,335 5,571; 10,143; 8,888 7,666' 7,925 6,773! 6,069: 5,572! 5,069 4,624 2,810 2,160 4,420 3,250 3,040 2,720 13,580 26,900 27,000 22,200 17,300 13,670 12, 220 10, 9,400 7,655 8,420 7, 7,140 7,360 7,180 6,260 4,900 6,030 6,460 6,140 5,655 5,: 807| 943, 180; 009, 000 816 707 325 285 032 005 000 313 364 3,776 2,931 2,775 2,740 2,730 1,902 2,390 5,779 7,946 9,427 9,094 7,589 6,214 4,821 5,429 4,759 4,539 4,343 4,392 3,398 3,467 4,847 4,306 3,812 4,241 4,036 3,427 2,869 12,820 65,400 82, 150 45,200 26,400 20,100 19,900 15,620 17,600 22,500 24,300 24, 150 21,250 15,540 15,060 14,200 13,620 12,860 13,910 13,020 13, 700 13, 600 17, 100 21,000 27,400 26,400 28, 100 30, 100 27,900 25, 100 23,000 20, 900 18, 200 14,970 13,500 10, 230 10,600 9,920 9,680 9,120 13,460 11,820 10,610 10,400 9,000 10,030 8,100 9,720 9,640 14,460 24,100 27, 000 25, 100 21,350 17, 750 15,040 17,400 20, 100 18,500 19,900 20, 100 3,963 3,636 3,'~"~ 4,780 5,943 6,944 8,042 10, 500 9,385 9,125 10,100 12,300 13, 680 13,350 11,243 10,365 8,904 8,472 8,092 9,216 11,156 13,373 13,627 16, 735 18,717 17,871 15,884 6,716 15,549, 16,933 8,226 12,944 15,214 9,060 11,758 12,341 10,277 11,498 10,947 10,626 12,777 9,616 14, 238 14,616 15,348 15,908 16,067 18,116 21,048 22,974 22,611 24,513 8,040 7,050 5,820 6,750 5,400 6,900 6,600 6,030 5,050 4,700 5,420 4,420 4,740 4,560 4,250 3,310 2, 4,560 2,970 2,880 3,410 3,530 2,680 1,920 3,850 2,850 2,600 3,200 3,480 3,320 4, 9,957 10,049 10," 11,538 12,514 11,949 10, 727 9,443 7,829 7,613 24,483 6,582 21,510 7,714 17,953 16,235 15,873 18, 789 23,407 23, 271 20,629 18, 710 17,085 14,605 13,078 12, 203 13,761 8,840 14,051 24,681 19,305 14,171 11,448 9,481 8,301 7,607 6,657 5, 752 6,313 5,676 5,720 4,870 5,020 4,580 3,840 2,865 1,855 3,930 3,420 3,160 5,250 6,250 4,390 3,360 4,650 3,900 3,750 3,690 3,690 2,610 1,820 3,700 3,410 2,450 2,410 2,430 1,850 l,r 2,950 2,635 9,153 8,090 7,394 7,673 9,028 10,51 10,469 9,068 8,397 15,264 40,872 35, 923 26,S29 21,473 19,643 2,: 2,122 1,979 305 358 2,944 2,540 2,443 2,295 2,462 1,741 763 2,928 2,366 2,208 2,217 2,098 1,426 203 2,166 2,057 2,077 2,451 2,757 2,053 1,378 3,278 2,581 2,375 2,237 2,212 5,642 7,037 6,497 5,470 5,010 3,393' 4,841 3,370! 16, 921 ! 32,498 17,539 41,499 14,996 26,568! 12,675 11,416 9,217 10,348 10,297 9,375 7,931 7,117 6, 17s 6,376 5,569 5,246 16,903 13,672 11,173 1,454 610 2,796 2,579 2,382 2,223 2,451 1,617 1,641 3,209 3,043 2 i 2*, 509 2,535 1,551 438 2,954 2,388 2,178 1,990 1,990 1,232 183 2,846 2,375 2,165 2,129 2,107 1,502 275 2,854 9,220 8,574 7,539 6,576 6,352 5,454 4, 805 1 6, 374 4,725 5,027 4,969 5,164 3,803' 4,551 4,575 5,043 5,006 4,280 3,729 4,983 4,073 4,159 4,721 4,522 12,121 11,661 10,466 9,070 9, 782; 10,448 5,467 5.2S5, 3,996 3,640 5,007 2,277 2,000 1,859 1,681 1,319 620 2,398 5,004 5,919 4,900 3,841 2,754 2,640 4,323 3,076 3,444 3,334 2,975 2,076 2,486 4,685 4,656 4,577 3,661 3,292 2,090 2,014 4,117 2,936 2,705 3,074 3,467 3,840 2,43S 2,547 2,864 4,460 2,854 2,685 2,760 2,072 1,424 3,736 2,934 2,644 2,684 2,658 1,930 1,044 3,717 9,853 2,860 3,020 9,137 3,169; 2,804 8,650 5,1181 2,768 9,098 3,520 2,446 10,241 4,4S0 1,886 1,370 4,019 3,087 2,874 2,671 244 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. . } for the years ending Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. 2,647 2,374 5,150 4,751 5,000 10,050 19, 795 16, 279 9,964 3,853 1,872 2,782 4,406 4,246 5,550 9,500 17, 566 14, 774 8,697 2,826 440 4,666 4,246 8,200 5,100 9,240 15, 026 13,387 7,771 2,623 3,449 9,216 3,591 6,520 5,325 8,840 13, 254 12, 708 7,131 2,741 2,757 7,604 3,216 5,790 5,250 8,350 12, 195 12,535 7,124 4,516 2,544 5,474 6,430 5,650 5,400 6,850 11, 459 12,647 7,865 3,225 2,570 3,897 8,992 5,380 6,150 8,800 11, 004 12, 630 7,163 2,721 2,496 4,879 7,925 5,500 6,070 8,350 10, 740 11, 583 6,774 2,768 1,534 3,741 6,598 5,260 5,600 8,940 10, 128 11, 144 6,585 2,015 340 4,109 5,971 7,580 6,200 10, 080 9,529 10, 035 6,276 1,135 2,542 5,680 5,172 6,520 6,150 11, 380 9,742 8,452 5,619 3,805 2,498 6,950 5,334 5,910 7,330 14,080 10, 058 8,109 5,267 2,918 2,582 8,033 8,124 6,040 7,320 17,600 10,386 8,552 5,706 2,707 2,669 7,923 9,850 7,180 10, 460 28, 800 11,072 12, 530 5,598 2,620 2,428 7, 441 15, 100 8,170 10, 120 36, 000 11, 507 11, 834 6,832 2,533 2,454 6,259 32, 300 7,540 9,980 35, 100 13, 588 10,458 8,511 1,859 1,892 6,231 36, 800 9,700 8,400 30,000 17, 111 9,959 7,213 1,018 3,805 6,909 28, 504 7,770 7,750 26, 100 17, 021 9,505 5,205 3,551 2,770 7, 378 20, 203 6,790 8,460 25, 200 15, 048 8,858 4,506 2,517 2,716 6,019 14, 157 6,040 6,850 25,000 14, 330 8,307 5,923 2,568 2,502 4,801 '12, 113 7,300 9,080 27, 600 13, 717 7,472 7,026 2,581 2,390 5,331 10, 563 9,340 9,270 30,200 13, 493 7,302 7,908 2,920 1,525 4,960 10, 878 9,140 9,930 25,800 12, 121 7,404 6,694 2,360 398 4,851 9,169 11, 480 10, 430 22, 300 13,666 6,160 6,590 2,327 3,096 3,022 9,170 11, 100 10, 790 21, 800 25, 342 7,316 5,790 3,919 2,566 5,424 7,065 10,500 10, 740 20, 000 30, 362 10, 501 5,142 2,851 2,341 4,390 7,633 9,450 8,900 17, 000 27, 394 14, 041 5,458 2,724 2,506 7,816 6,116 8,960 10, 700 17, 900 22, 139 15, 785 5,110 2,709 2,268 9,714 5,831 8,040 18, 000 19, 424 15, 081 4,567 2,713 1,648 6,924 5,653 6,620 18, 400 18,612 13,713 3,908 1,753 176 5,410 6,750 19, 700 11,811 1,081 2,455 8,384 9,778 5,661 5,145 7,360 16, 700 22, 870 4,277 2,019 2,077 7,759 -9, 856 6,511 4,919 7,810 14, 840 23, 647 3,907 387 3, 951 7,157 9,141 6,004 4,841 7,379 15, 160 23, 410 3,231 2,131 3,034 6,525 8,271 6,643 3,659 6,837 14, 590 23, 158 2,701 1,500 3,055 5,871 11, 050 7,863 3,531 6,992 14,680 18, 876 4,292 3, 691 3,761 5,204 16, 808 10, 816 5,458 10, 630 15, 190 15, 125 3,601 2,770 5,827 6,114 17,398 11,519 4,240 13, 059 16, 400 12, 428 3,065 2,927 5,759 5,477 15, 190 10,373 4,501 12, 859 18, 400 11,694 2,944 2,044 5,393 5,319 12, 245 10, 024 4,087 11, 968 25, 000 10,618 3, 214 570 6,080 5,617 9,637 8,747 4,308 10,628 29, 200 9,652 2,450 3,984 4,897 9,353 8,591 7,572 3,344 9,194 29, 400 8,827 1,981 3,346 4,667 15, 304 8,855 6,831 3,075 9,161 28, 200 8,564 3,806 2,996 4,484 14, 746 6,699 6,358 4,731 13, 795 26, 000 7,706 3,076 3,176 4,043 12, 781 6,330 5,611 3,576 18, 900 25,600 7,131 2,731 2,948 3,367 10, 971 6,532 6,126 3,740 18,600 30, 000 7,440 2,457 2,055 4,361 9,784 6,715 8,214 3,845 17, 500 34, 400 6,376 2,857 685 6,023 8,962 6,279 9,681 3,933 15, 200 38, 200 6,422 2,317 3,678 5,325 8,622 5,908 11,329 3,617 15, 000 35, 527 5,932 2,481 2,810 4,982 9,810 6,841 10, 799 4,092 12,330 33, 498 5,650 4,430 2,851 5,055 15, 303 6,378 9,211 5,747 12, 920 34, 623 5,213 2,866 2,476 6,075 19, 785 6,144 7,823 5,749 12,040 34, 310 5,468 2,894 2,488 7,421 17, 553 6,084 6,839 6,083 12, 210 30, 583 6,800 3,101 1,706 10, 178 14, 351 6,876 7,317 6,550 11, 500 27, 846 5,897 2,865 525 11,583 11,625 9,007 6,713 7,098 11, 340 29, 483 5,654 2,066 3,808 9,962 11,699 10, 290 7,396 6,885 11, 260 31,656 4,909 1,134 2,905 8,307 11,113 9,534 8,291 6,309 9,400 31, 367 4,823 3,582 2,893 8,909 9,627 8,892 8,192 6,988 11,130 31,157 4,022 2,883 2,599 13, 699 6,872 8, 425 6,870 6,637 10,360 30, 816 3,543 2,841 2,949 14, 473 6,253 6,572 5,906 11, 240 26, 805 5,255 2,506 2,241 10, 534 8,677 6,024 6,808 14,600 23, 507 3,862 2,846 1,984 9,565 5,792 5,504 17,200 4,383 3,781 Aug. 1897-c 3,575 2,833 2,617 2,575 2,624 1,893 1,969 4,112 3,056 2,949 3,563 4,020 3,221 3,032 4,744 3,645 3,412 3,115 3,337 3,359 5,459 6,261 5,469 4,439 4,892 5,403 4,913 4,527 5,306 3,806 3,657 2, 925 2, 188 2, 370 1, 666 2, 423 509 2,659, 1,987 1, 806 3, 359 749 3,604 2, 784 2, 2,248 2,635 h 372 3,123 2,768 2,196 2,125 2, "" 1,857 355 2,098 2,257 2,187 2,123 2,136 1,674 78 2,067 2, 153 2, 222! 2,132 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. 245 ending Day. 1899-1900. 1900-1901. Oct. 497 3,156 2,519 ' 2, 337 2,193 2,282 1,739 288 2,244 2,156 2,204 2,10 2,007 959 61 2,020 1,962 2,061 2,354 2,460 1,373 50 2,126 1,667 1,820 1,978 2, 333 1,399 123 2,513 2,460 2,763 2,490 2,289 2,137 2,109 1,482 246 2,315 2,515 2,580 2, 752 3,300 4,406 2, 914 4,103 3,316 2,904 3, 201 3,117 2,283 890 3,218 2,702 2,643 2,438 2,447 1,568 961 2,887 2,484 2,523 Nov. 2, 3,542 3,632 3,692 2, 4,645 3,61 3,205 3,034 3,024 2,473 863 3,729 3,069 2,879 2,770 2, 1,999 548 3,462 3,076 2,914 2,805 2,603 2,312 1,291 3,380 2,909 2," 947 2, 456 2, " 1, 277 2,643 2,478 2,263 2,082 2, 526 12, 221 12, 035 9,477 6,906 5,804 5,063 4,473 3,158 2,466 4,473 3,626 3,348 6,071 7,477 6, 235 4,868 7,257 12, 845 15, 338 12,689 10,844 Dec. 2,677 1,941 904 3,219 2,834 2-, 846 2,768 2,847 1. 3,192 2,715 2,236 3,369 5, 051 3,7 2,4 3, 969 2,814 2,892 3,38 3,868 2,851 2,383 2,798 4,334 3, 2,954 2,916 1, 593 8,975 7,374 7,641 6,844 11,383 17,046 15, 505 12, 137 9,23 6,101 6,020 5,764 5,537 4,338 4,023 5,321 4,268 3,692 3,798 4,245 3,177 3,125 4,826 5,034 7,615 7,827 6,859 5, 119 4, 139 5,473 Jan. 3,230 2,696 2,471 1,860 1,902 1,209 82 2,649 2,561 2,220 2,182 2,327 1, 463 266 2,654 2,574 2, 2, 335 2,394 1, 2,041 6,810 7,950 8,184 7,234 6,027 4,401 3,891 6,291 5,323 4, 4,628 4,574 4,284 3,850 2,343 2,192 4,462 3,210 2,872 3,284 3,796 2,595 2, 259 4,480 3,402 3,359 3,626 3,757 2,712 2,348 4,641 3,408 3,462 3,388 3,363 2, 415 2, 265 4,303 3, 392 3,075 3,070 Feb. 4,631 4,408 2,871 2,468 5, 520 5,910 5, 933 7,112 9,550 9,060 9,930 12, 720 47, 000 52, 989 41, 745 28, 923 19,311 13, 731 12, 947 11, 549 12, 317 19, 300 20, 400 24, 772 27, 591 23, 911 19, 18 Mar. 2, 2,191 1,630 3,919 3,007 2,957 2, 526 2, 531 1,916 3,356 2,726 2,510 2,667 2, 516 1,846 889 3,312 2,850 2,785 2,712 2,803 1,929 560 3,272 2, 857 2,476 2, 394 17, 350 33, 802 37, 732 33, 090 20, 329 17, Oil 14, 13, 356 13,067 12, 211 11, 403 11,067 10, 875 10,684 13, 364 14,243 14, 536 16, 437 20, 324 19, 51 16, 72 14, 555 12, 12, 44e 11, 11,065 11, 264 11, 290 11,484 2,360 1,792 745 3,189 2,851 2,991 2, 2, 2,116 1,851 4,591 12, 620 14, 060 11,920 9,600 7,870 5,660 7,690 6,110 5,980 5,770 12, 390 15, 210 13, 420 14,110 13, 650 20, S00 26, 350 26, 300 21,600 15, 400 Apr. 11, 129 12, 507 13, 412 15, 389 16, 17,602 19, 458 21, 184 21, 511 18, 308 15, 15 13, 661 14, 497 14, 557 13, 646 14,643 15, 945 17, 886 22, 372 29, 896 34, 926 30, 809 27, 402 24, 627 23, 144 20, 338 16, 730 14, 422 11,727 11, 326 May June. 14, 12, 510 12, 580 18,100 31, 650 34, 200 33, 950 61,200 62,511 48, 756 38, 023 31, 463 26, 155 22, 319 20,832 19, 528 17, 686 16,317 15, 627 15, 010 13,764 16, 027 21,961 26, 279 28, 294 31,770 29, 915 23, 868 19,629 16, 732 10,674 11,597, 11,485 12, 887 15, 881 I 13, 223 11, 654 10, 332 9, 817, 9,661 10, 324 July. Aug. 5, 332 4,356! 4,397j 6,520 7,492 7,616 6,491 5,721 4,178 3,873 5,275 3, 899 3,701 7,972 ! 3' 702 7,001 3,811 8,313 2,705 10,062 2,800 8,772 4,368 7,885 3,526 11,519 2,940 18, 169 2,931 15,538 3,062 12, 433 2,233 10,344 1,487 9,195 3,915 7,867 2,987 6,824 2, 732 7,271 2,377 6, 455 2,448 5,109 1,825 6,272 16, 296 19, 479 15, 547 16, 315 15, 222 15, 139 14, 601 13,616 12, 554 12, 666 11, 766 11, 270 10, 749 9,972 9,831 9,470 8,815 9,653 9,053 10, 520 10, 048 9,175 13, 099 7,948 15, 886 7,024 14, 640 6,571 13, 081 5,519 11,072 4,746 9,684 5,777 8,362 4,808 9,095 4,220 19, 104 3,916 28, 185 4,186 27, 308 3,286 21,S63 3, 520 18,063 4,987 16, 986 4,382 17,300 4,119 17, 588 4,238 18, 588 4,013 23, 391 2,850 23, 766 2,239 22.417 479 2,653i 2, 370J 311: 2, 226 2,369 1, 350 2,471 2, 372 2,315 2, 339 2,270 1,629 2,022 2,206 2,228 2,299 2,283 1,483 146 2, 125 2,365 2,133 2, 159 2,189 1,641 242 2,48' 2,31' 4,048 2,881 2,694 603 2,633 2,586 2, 403 3, 905 3, 260 3,083 3,522 3,913 2,416 2, 405 4,315 3,080 2,907 2,832! 2,959 2,292 2,455 4, 055 3, 1S5 2,754 2,802 2,753 1,779 629! 3,193 3, 522, 2,134 2,192 2, 338 1, 505 113 2,038 1,694 1,771 1,860 1,939 1,347 100 2,562 2,461 2,218 2,354 2,483 1,986 1, 372 3,541 2,469 2,229 2,072 2,072 1, 433 296 1,754 2,030 1,958 1,889 i,r~ 4,86 4,57 3,212 2,424 4,404 3,016 2,951 4,722 11,252 S,627 6,705 (i, 982 5,592 4,790 4,358 3,941 2, 928 3,965 4, 864 3,619, 3,396: 3,078 3,017 1,968 3, 185 5, 422 5, 132 4,721 4,223 3,659 2, 308 . 246 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1880-1915— Continued. Day. 1901-2 1 .. 2 3 4 5 '6 7 8... 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19.... 20 21.... 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1902-3, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26.. 27 28 .29 30 31 Oct. 2,929 2,508 2,703 3,012 1,635 1,087 3, 2,818 2, 2, 2,557 1,731 607 3, 595 6,149 13,374 11, 552 8,484 6, 509 5, 038 5,785 4,575 4,421 3,908 4,239 2,805 2,659 4,527 3,525 3,200 3,054 9,696 9, 021 7,985 6,477 5,296 6,640 7,766 8,643 7,849 6,242 4,884 4,327 6,258 6,370 5,899 5,477 5,061 4, 006 3,502 5, 263 5,286 6,358 5, 831 5,178 3,510 5,320 5,087 15, 154 22,253 17, 176 Nov. 3,150 2,186 2,070 4,259 3,168 3,119 2,931 3,048 1,936 1,460 3,952 2,878 2,618 2,827 3,697 Dec. 2, 435 4,630 3,294 3,287 2, 882 2, 754 2,065 1,333 4,103 3, 6,447 9,440 2,615 34,100 2,361 41,500 4,972 24,200 3,127 15 3,13S 12,580 3,274 3, 478 2,164 1,661 4,785 3,9S6 3,893 1,461 4,511 2, 765 12, 377 9,338 9, 053 7,943 7,179 6,538 6,421 5,486 5, 200 6,443 5,195 5,161 5,203 5,295 5,385 5,114 6,106 5,251 5,185 4,976 4, 787 4,342 3,857 5,234 4,491 4,431 2,935 5,614 4,065 3,831 10, 390 7,100 7,370 6,370 6,750 9,220 7,760 7,722 7,568 15, 858 25, 800 5,362 4,873 4,569 5,455 6,11 4,782 3,481 5,395 4,239 4,422 4,155 4,168 3,409 3,542 5,354 4,234 4,811 8,820 12, 509 11,628 11,812 17, 858' 19, 966 16, 553 14,345 11,940 10, 307 9,968 8, 707 9, 063 Jan. Feb. Mar. 1 26, 500 7,638 22, 629 22, 250 7,471 51,985 16,650 9,057 59, 880 13,090 8,605 61, 185 11, 189 8,313 44,377 9,652 7,315 28. 452 7, 856 6,398 21,990 8,130 5,124 19,471 7,623 4,947 17, 656 6,985 5,981 18, 624 6,130 5,287 18, 834 5,737 5,098 18, 973 6,856 4,862 23, 909 5,387 4,635 33, 547 5, 247 3, 502 34, 170 5,646 3,591 28,373 5,701 4,987 28, 745 5,069 4,180 34,954 4,924 4,009 34, 583 5,821 4,194 26,011 5,217 4,120 22, 375 6,735 2,995 22, 754 15, 405 3,075 23, 191 21, 308 4, 835 23, 697 18, 738 3,801 21, 764 14,659 4,113 19, 186 13, 144 6,870 17, 877 12, 472 12,369 16.966 11,416 15,766 9,689 22, 711 8,851 31, 751 8,473 9,033 26, 761 8,298 10, 077 30, 045 7,877 9,401 27, 928 8,850 9,689 22, 588 11, 264 11, 622 19, 177 11, 137 12, 443 17, 744 10, 448 11,056 15, 694 9,586 9,123 15, 260 8,630 8,309 22, 311 7,096 7,876 32, 304 6,449 ,8', 040 37, 542 7,355 9,279 43, 867 6,420 12,856 45, 469 6,776 13,930 39, 851 7,136 12, 752 32, 205 7,179 11, 861 29, 438 6,379 9,919 25, 507 5, 645 8,461 22, 441 6,549 8,209 21, 163 5,954 8,095 20, 566 5,930 7,365 23, 260 7,257 7,038 28, 051 8,590 7,890 31, 840 8,187 7,245 37, 098 7,965 7,192 39, 050 8,026 7,024 37, 107 7,064 6,896 29, 868 6,662 7,964 23,361 6,672 20,328 7, 125 19, 778 7, 705 20, 322 Apr. May. 28,212 19,442 24,483 25,470 20,2721 20,161 17,209 15,792 14,803 14,881 12,842 14,091 12,015! 13,870 11,374 12,816 15,265 12,424 32,204 10,881 39, 195; 35, 563! 27, 127 22, 988' 19, 045| 16, 452 14, 485 13, 602 12, 194 11,090 11, 580 10, 922 10, 713 10, 737 10,966 10, 138 11,: 16,672 15,144 13, 106 25, 268 25, 675 22, 025 20, 112 20, 008 21, 321 18, 395 17,323 19, 760 21, 866 20, 907 17,917 16, 515 15, 341 14, 362 15, 634 17, 833 17, 242 14, 702 13, 556 12, 600 11, 533 10, 258 10, 220 9,453 8,331 8,469 7,221 6,951 6,815 9,104 9,162 7. 858 7, 6,799 6, 486 5,591 4,814 6,008 5,260 5, 444 5, 405 5,139 4,224 4,238 6,239 7,018 10,379 13,962 14, 080 10, 466 6,748 6,971 6,212 6,132 5,905 6,042 6,071 5,901 5, 575 5,008 4,505 4,973 5,001 4,877 4,677 4,324 3,770 4,404 3,902 3,910 3, 804 3, 656 3,168 2,407 3,373 3,312 2,487 2,705 June 7,914 7,499 6, 5,978 5, 764 5,476 4,376 3, 828 5, 249 4,697 5,179 4,663 3,856 3,732 3, 373 5,009 4,297 6,974 7,067 5, 850 4,43^ 4,118 5,644 5, 487 5,077 4,363 4.674 6,680 5,347 5,762 2,005 1,637 1,541 2,540 2,701 1 773 562 3, 622 2,804 2, 729 2,741 2,940 3,579 11,930 16, 400 15, 400 17, 200 14, 200 11,520 9, 410 7, 24', 400 35, 600 28, 384 21, 521 18, 112 14, 994 11, 757 2,788! 10,296 2,054 ' 653 1 July. 4,069 4,422 3,974 4,465 7,016 5.650 4,937 4,532 3,841 3,973 2,618 2,881 4,503 3, " 3,026 3,493 3,654 2,490 2,595 4,732 4,475 5,511 5, 976 6,120 4,977 4,021 5,015 3,955 3,887 3,627 7,708 7,304 6,891 5,248 4,718 5,591 4,742 3, 4,419 4,392 2, 822 2,447 4,371 3,439 3,200 3,519 3,126 2,131 2,266 4,470 3,877 5,641 7,856 7,270 6,530 5,082 5,526 4,194 3,951 3,846 3,668 Aug. 3, 755 2,057 2,052 4,125 3,170 2,842 2,889 2,957 2,235 2,226 4,540 5.371 8,544 7,500 6,082 Sept. 3,362 4,760 4,806 4,206 3,266 3,236 3,123 2,624 3,066 2,804 3, 247 5,081 2,638 3,849 4,052 4.021 5, 653 3, 867 4, 534 3,511 3.944 2,179 3,631 2,106 2,906 4,961 2,183 6,161 1,551 3,652 2,890 3,011 2,982 4,639 3,481 3,243 2,921 3,332 1,785 3,542 1,804 4,267 2,254 3,842 4,111 3,286 3,012 4, 834 2, 838 3,318 2,574 3,276 1,602 3,295 304 3,852 3,110 3,166 2,792 2,242 2,579 4, 127 2,668 2,939 2,509 2,824 1,688 2,667 331 2,668 3,419 2, 350 2,763 2, 847 2,581 4,220 2,325 3,108 2,333 3, 054 1,563 3,417 373 3,477 2,833 2, 373 2,361 2,327 2,358 4,293 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 247 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June July. Aug. Sept. 10. 1903-4. 1904-5. 16 17 18 19 20 2,444 2,574 1,675 339 2,649 2,529 2,415 2,567 2,705 1,686 2,795 5,950 5,910 6,218 5,784 5,223 3,394 3,909 5,806 6,145 5,164 4,463 3,043 3,061 4,871 4,076 3,150 3,278 3,317 2,238 4,759 5,205 5, 457 4,359 3,977 3,623 3,213 2,128 1,377 3,923 3,131 2,973 2,798 3,067 2,124 1,946 4,023 3,031 2,925 2,780 V 2,076 6,130 6,808 5,330 4,607 4,002 3, 894 3,075 2,674 4,364 1, 4,264 3,065 3,176 3,012 3,042 1,956 1,789 4,139 3,142 3,019 3,028 2,98 1,89 1,16 3,767 3,064 3,232 4,18' 4,641 3,504 2,803 4,430 3,375 3,093 1,114 3, 787 2, 378 1,257 3, 751 3,084 3, "' 3,063 3, 181 2,112 1,656 3,813 3,006 2,795 2,567 2,667 1,702 431 3, 656 3,293 3,107 3,070 2,858 2,131 1,049 3,629 3,094 3, 055 1,096 4,010 2,632 1,649 3, 697; 3, 1731 2,540. 2,906 2,741 2,717 2,762 1, 426 3,170 2,327 2,717 2,773 3,163 2,210 2,077 4,465 4,440 3,723 4,098 3,438 2,323 1,668 5,306 9,348 8,833 7,195 5, 121 4,730 4,111 5,144 3,489 3,059 3, 155 2,606 2,500 1,659 390 2,640 2,434 2,469 2,498 2,031 1,392 289 2,255 2,028 2,018 2,033 1,977 1,153 177 1,775 1, 1.978 1,962 1,861 1,164 154 302 2,462 2,705 3, 017 3,022 1.541 2,825 2,265 1,901 4,265 2,796 2,753 2,644 2,724 1,904 1,298 3,852 2,901 2,878 2,798 3,059 2,095 1,613 3,936 3,042 2,769 2,920 2,820 1, 753 1,062 3,621 2,869 2,832 2,875 2,914 2,241 1,681 453 3,147 3,084 2,981 2,812 2,735 2,662 4,358 7,710 6,930 6,844 6,470 6,301 4,862 4,377 6,111 4, 352 V 3,920 4,086 2, 494 2, 387 4, 744 3,545 3,043 2,955 2,931 1,827 895 3,996 3, 087 4,039 3,115 3,041 2,854 2,812 2,109 1,242 3,801 3,152 2,896 2,869 2,813 1,852 1,017 3,728 2,965 2,873 2,660 2,737 1, 3,679 3,364 3,394 3,592 4,129 3,392 3,397 5,043 2,838 2, 784 2,760 1, 980 457 3,505 2,865 2,518 2,440 2, 695 1,902 3, 094 2,613 2,573 2,510 2,678 1,825 456 2,940 2,691 2,521 2,464 2,574 1,666 410 2,850 2,514 4,034 3,828 3,949 4,274 3,667 4,373 6,085 6,730 10, 627 13, 740 14,711 13, 406 11,664 10, 881 9,728 8,831 7,883 7,353 6,668 6,817 8,714 9, 198 9,500 11, 360 14, 370 23, 479 35, 149 36, 205 31, 57" 23, 650 19, 408 17,994! 46,336 21,175 38,498^ 23,976 29,795 : 22,677, 22,8£5J 19,056 20, 321 ! 6,252 5,241 6,233 5,574 5,431 17,218 18,408 6,292 17,726 16,477! 6,583 19,432 13,7311 8,287 20, 738, 13, 193 ■ 8, 368 28.174! 13,244 7,520 36,9841 14,560 33,942: 17, 567i 27,748| 17,469! 22,937! 13,795 19,028, 11,340 16,369, 11,657 2,526 2,695 2 r 527 1,514 430 2,768 2,567 2,596 2,774 2,811 14,613 14,544 14, 624 15, 183 14,449 14, 355 13, 300 12,254 12,684 13, 620 15, 139 20, 584 35, 300 45, 300 44, 887 37, 260 28, 553 22, 206 18, 850 19, 442 25, 546 25, 097 20, 156 16, 880 2,418 15,309 2,305 17,546 4,898 19,451 3,879 18,502 3,842 16,148 4,020 4,034 2,977 4,050 11,100 11,210 10, 500, 9, 150 8, «00 8, 740 11,570 32, 003 36, 429 41,219 45,940 15,617 14,215 12, 661 11,273 9, 761 8, 546 7,961 8, 018 ! 10, 85 10, 793 9,115 8,094 7,698 7,225 6,856 6, 639 15, 507 19, 890 16,912! 21,331 27,354; 22,002 17,542 14,211 11,326! 10, 999 10, 508 9,431 8,496 7,704 7,721 6,298 5,269 5,921 5,115 4,465 4,175 3,921 2,748 2,862 4,193 3,592 2,914 2,911 2,946 1,918 1,805 4,002 3,024 3,017 3,132 7,434 6, 537j 6, 379) 6, 002 5. 868: 3,414 3,015 1,958 1,470 3,708 6,094 3,116 5, 732 2, 987 6,548 3,070 6,806 3,710 6,174 2,993 5,61£ 2,482 5,303 4,330 4,159 3,427 3,905 3, 033 5,467 3,930 3, 758 4,296 6,010 2,599 6,938 2,348 6,716 4,410 6,211 3,617 5,208 4,253 5,653 5,768 4, 564 8,238 4,520 7, 433 4,178 5,593 3,947 5,918 2, 866 4,987 2, 812 5,912 4,343 7,300 2, 769 5, 615 3,171 3,236 3,516 5,193 4,586 5,174 4,575 3,795 3,340 2,496 2,302 4,22J 2,881 2,783 2,716 2,713 1,667 928 3,758 2,714 2, 2, 2,403 1,384 367 2,601 2, 2, 397 2,485 2,579 1,661 260 3, 585 2,941 2,938 4, 6,028 4, 503 3,881 2,321 1,907 3,947 3,148 2, 836 2, 807 2,826 1,764 581 3,637 2,759 2,723 2,404 2,538 1,67 383 2, 603 2,559 2,382 2,376 2,343 1,403 128 2,079 3,230 2,681 2,321 2,651 2,647 1,799 327 3,163 2, 850 2,620 2,382 2,529 1,578 288 3,065 2,850 2,445 2,549 2,495 1,550 393 5,267 5,819 4,494 3,468 3,489 1,927 767 3,487 2,402 2,298 2,477 4. 775 4,676 3,939 2, 591 1,632 3,631 2,955 2,443 2,390 "2, 441 1, 454 474 5,031 2,953 2,697 2,980 3,2 2, 5*87 2,111 3, 2,739 2,729 2, 505 2,766 1,481 316 2,344 2,458 2,374 2,445 2,271 2,254 1,643 393 3,378 2,844 2,370 2,301 1,546 358 2,303 2,275 2,295 2,586 3,396 7,983 5, 595 5,526 4,423 3,397 3,156 3, 121 2,003 1,601 3,942 3,142 3,887 3,504 3,486 2,713 2,109 3,109 6,430 20,900 17,434 12, 972 9,854 7,257 5,541 5,953 4,960 5,035 7, 285 7,330 5, 525 4,309 5,171 8,525 17, 529 13,968 11,540 9,007 6,588 6,467 5,262 4,721 4,488 4,133 2,830 248 Daily SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. e, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-191 5— Continued. Day. 1905-6. 1906-7. Oct. 2,733 4,371 3,276 3,190 3,214 3,336 2,390 2,103 4,179 3,238 3,065 2,544 2,812 3,116 3,589 4,620 3,684 3,311 3,381 3,396 2,297 2 ; — 4, 760 3,764 3,526 3,447 3,376 2,090 1,851 4,119 3,418 2,288 2,379 2,237 2,206 2,266 1,514 132 1,977 1,936 2,155 2,652 2,723 1,574 662 3,508 3,127 '3,011 2,540 2,471 1,497 133 2,525 2,850 3,337 3,186 3,398 Nov. 3,240 2,796 2,818 1,813 1,439 4,850 4,409 5,345 5,559 5,251 3,907 3,513 5,062 3,679 3,552 3,732 3,654 2,289 2,461 4,397 3,537 3,256 3,129 2, 1,827 1,193 4,118 3,307 3,212 1,413 3,344 3,157 2,126 452 3,438 3,352 3,246 2,686 2,460 1,652 334 2,851 2,842 3,270 3,285 3,638 2,406 941 4,121 3,405 4,995 5,048 5,269 4,072 3,518 5,094 4,011 3,629 1,559 4,823 Dec. 5,043 3,984 3,714 8,930 15,540 12,350 9,354 7,933 6,009 5,' 6,016 4,087 4,099 4,338 4,429 2,: 4,622 3,460 3,371 3,997 4,664 5,211 5,837 5,638 6,460 5,505 4,900 4,890 4,881 6,432 2, 397 1,776 4,441 3,395 2,644 2,622 2,505 1,654 366 2,900 3,054 2,816 2,901 2,777 1,903 487 3,564 3,066 3,120 2,910 3,002 2,031 478 4,223 850 3,999 3,271 3.289 2,239 551 4,054 Jan. 7,791 6,896 6,152 5,827 6,091 6,175 5,923 6,595 5,551 5,042 4,560 4,383 3,013 3,800 5,578 5,025 6,174 7,145 6,781 5,587 4,958 6,467 7,437 13,845 23,900 19, 804 13,643 10, 626 9,629 6,770 6,403 4,474 6,962 7,174 8,817 14,850 15,038 14,821 13,409 10,793 7,720 6,865 5,453 5,004 6,409 4,866 4,639 4,533 4,094 2,446 2,695 5,911 5,373 5,013 4,774 4,345 2,747 2,496 5,566 3,838 3,634 3,647 Feb. 6,484 6,201 4,087 3,692 5,227 3,693 4,062 3,753 3,734 2,301 2,158 4,978 3,803 3,681 3,761 3,503 2,345 2,497 4,921 3,663 3,680 5,161 8,029 9,200 7,210 11,131 10,085 3,476 2,214 2,598 4,901 3,806 3,303 3,194 3,467 2,326 1,273 4,640 3,477 3,218 3,172 3,330 2,299 1,136 4,550 3,504 3,105 3,132 3,304 2,308 583 4,346 3,324 2,799 2,734 Mar. 7,473 6,: 5,i 8,095 12,552 14,218 11,207 9,714 8,499 7,765 7,313 8,534 7,052 6,352 5,020 4,542 3,436 4,322 5,416 4,424 4,301 4,482 4,851 3,030 3,219 5,317 4,410 7,508 17, 100 18, 600 17,500 3,025 2,269 504 3,591 3,214 3,011 3,010 3,034 2,282 647 4,056 3,304 3,046 2,920 3,247 2,704 4,927 9,430 10,940 10,940 9,640 10,671 11,243 14, 784 15,302 14,043 13,337 13,364 15,504 19,465 24,309 Apr. 15,770 15,330 13,070 11,970 11,950 13,940 17,000 14,290 13,' 13,840 14, 800 17,900 19,400 19,200 17,600 25, 35,400 29,298 22, 112 19, 839 17,289 15, 786 16, 601 14,856 12, 634 10, 785 9,749 8,474 7,621 8,537 27,271 22, 680 17,667 14,800 13,304 13,019 13,038 12,588 11,; 10,062 9,855 10, 112 10,996 11,558 12,506 12, 646 12,357 11,748 10,939 10,061 9,333 7,815 8,640 13,802 17,572 14, 134 15,465 15,533 14,232 May. 7,945 8,162 8,359 8,641 7, 9,276 8,735 8,277 7,965 9,914 9,501 7,803 8,312 8,974 7,852 6,797 6,863 7,087 6,783 7,014 5,637 4,715 4,818 4,588 4,451 6,184 12, 300 35, 650 36,910 27,639 14,731 17,411 15,068 11,149 10, 130 10,904 9,952 9,392 9,113 8,283 8,199 8,462 7,529 6,726 7,950 8,665 13,348 12,214 10,763 9,384 8,185 7,360 6,561 5,180 4,929 6,311 7,011 6,565 6,173 6,253 June. 20, 079 15,347 12,957 12,471 10,974 9,410 9,015 11,016 11,419 10,575 10,623 9,212 8,018 6,897 6,352 4,720 5,283 12,608 15,349 13,500 10,995 9,087 7,374 7,361 10,934 11,674 9,747 8,050 9,779 5,595 4,299 4,913 6,283 7,516 9,433 10,599 10,557 8,763 8,402 7,252 6,689 6,241 5,651 4,069 4,139 5,642 4,147 3,622 3,553 3,476 2,250 1,965 4,652 3,517 3,246 3,191 3,241 2,044 1,815 July. Aug. 6,426 5,374 9,087 7,314 8,739 5,357 7,183 4,339 8,890 4,044 8,980 5,335 7,386 4,468 5,663 3,945 5,945 3,969 5,125 3,643 4,729 2,251 4,614 1,986 4,596 4,435 3,361 3,327 2,825 2,877 4,548 2,946 3,229 2,850 3,102 1,995 3,649 839 4,137 3,641 3,522 2,945 3,318 2,734 4,701 2,571 3,796 2,709 4,456 1,581 4,285 753 3,932 3,456 2,620 2,804 2,599 2,596 4,602 2,619 3,604 3,040 4,552 2,806 4,526 2,921 5,129 1,815 3,509 341 4,456 3,264 2,999 3,092 2,634 2,989 4,640 2,770 3,812 2,850 3,738 1,881 3,493 332 3,338 2,950 2,225 2,764 3,032 2,690 5,028 2,502 4,158 2,281 3,459 1,473 3,311 132 3,181 1,830 2,518 1,857 456 2,014 3,949 2,141 3,129 2,348 3,121 1,235 3,024 363 2,735 1,664 2,067 1,356 1,021 1,262 4,030 1,290 3,214 1.321 3,086 1,214 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 249 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Day. 1907-8. 1908-9. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. ' June. July. Aug. Sept. 14,439 15,769 6,717 14,082 4,787 6,039 19,608! 14,835 11,442 2.S21 1,172 2,670 10.646 11,427 7,150 12,632 4,708 6,712 16,676j 16,159 12,045 2,772 . 177 2,592 7,553 11,027 6,225 10,945 6,421 6,635 14,666 16.624 9,640 2.253; 2,800 2,544 5,993 21,231 5,936 8,580 5,002 6,252 12,562 15,990 7,763 370 2,778 2,253 5,087 21,119 5,778 7,370 4,348 5,977 10, 021 1 14,592! 6,378 1 576 2,713 1.401 5,284 15,329 5,191 7,449 4,198 5,699 9,832 14,430| 5,211 3,380 3,032 417 5,838 19,805 3,546 6,975 3,508 5,479 9,823 12,248 4,716 2.760 5,079 397 5.742 32,330 4,601 9,520 3,033 5,658 11,038 13,013 5,734 2.684J 6.571 2,925 6,854 29,646 6,025 12,691 3,639 7,361 12,693 18,391! 5,323 2,693 4,898 2,947 10, 139 21,388 5,802 11,720 5,148 6,312 12.615 18,817 3,230 2,418j 5,008 2,749 8,180 18. 155 9,993 9,946 4,031 6,264 12,312 17,833! 4,010 1,574 4,089 2,184 5,892 15,643 23,387 9,399 3,902 5,957 12,445 15,230| 3,720 2851 3,697 1,413 4,703 13, 699 19, 880 13,389 3,788 7,065 13,046 13,352 2.637 1,976! 3,461 138 6,196 12,057 13,899 15,579 3,520 9,091 11.438J 12.643 2,686 2,063: 3,526 2,240 5,170 10,666 10,314 12,924 5,846 10,558 10, 140 13,084 4,389 2,255, 2,985 2,277 4,621 9,295 10,074 11,267 17,905 15,654 9,768 13,008 3,379 2.513 2,333 2,254 4,247 8,256 10, 295 8,869 22, 895 19,604 10,561 11,345 3,047 2,048 3,690 2,181 3,921 8,688 9,865 8,251 21,019 17,322 10,094 10,527 2,796 1.191 3,385 1.982 2,815 7,682 9,021 7,525 15,069 14,299 9,436 9,673 3.277 80! 2,862 1,380 1.936 7,787 8,124 7,525 10,539 11,600 10,418 8,858 1,743 2,116 2,678 70 4,135 7,503 7,055 6,347 9,137 9,862 11,287 8,235 818 2,718 2.555 1,658 3,908 7,413 6,791 6,650 7,977 8,822 10,031 7,564 2,711 4,018, 1,8C6 1,541 3,711 7,310 8,074 6,404 7.122 9,071 8,794 7,838 2,708 4.177 1 1,891 1,545 3,626 6,837 9,257 5,364 7,437 10, 783 8,482 8,453 2,784 3,102| 3,826 1,529 3,650 8,200 13,956 4,668 6,275 17,382 9,366 9,074 2,693 l,889i 2.812 1,523 2,374 8,836 15,597 5,253 5,879 18,211 10,650 7,789 2,493 1,815' 2,762 852 1,099 9,741 13,315 6,658 6,647 16,612 12,513 6,897 1,653 3,946; 2,771 73 3,693 8,530 11,473 6,537 6,844 18,540 14,798 6,063 499 3,332! 2,731 1,511 5,535 8,903 11,193 7,235 6,511 19,578 15,888 5,414 3.401 2,876; 1,560 1,674 20,272 7,709 12,288 6,568 22,530 18,024 4,832 2,866 2,946 388 1,870 20,783 13,355 5,221 22,470 6,010 2, 538! 2,465 1,901 131 2,749 2,171 3,897 11,354 10,029 11,568 5,869 2,666 97 1,270 2,001 2,032 2,512 1,470 2,868 9,658 9,851 11,570 4,852 2,746 2,239 1,401 1.146 2,175 2,194 309 2,820 8,761 9,381 12,935 4,649 1,664' 2,164 1,960 144 2,225 2,191 2,057 2,773 8,230 8,620 12,216 4,438 328, 2, 108 1,257 1,662 2,195 1,318 1,771 2,626 7,292 9,164 11,125 2,627 522 2,213 135 1,699 1,949 167 2,345 1,878 5,514 10,239 11,212 3,108 3,596 2.404 581 1,782 1,112 2,326 4,045 1,739 5,266 12,774' 10,583 6,386 2.928 1.271 2,379 1,928 204 2,507 8,704 4,763 7,023 16,622 10,432 6.753 2.771 121 1,960 1.907 1,963 2,466 6,312 4,328 5,608 19,402 10,196 5,822 2.924 2.198 2,317 1,115 2,021 2,318 4,381 4,924 5,141 15,813 10,897 5,220 2,065 2,200 2,356 146 2,060 2,313 5,301 6,016 7,821 10,740 11,010 4,720 216 2,092 1.399 1,891 1,973 1,50< 4,327 6,287 5,573 8,831 11,530 3,936 2,371 1.988 150 1,959 1,961 305 3,710 5,768 5,335 7,370 10,482 3,518 2.366 2.025 1,839 1,894 1,096 2,434 3,584 5,125 5,517 7,945 8,591 5,117 2.392 1,179 1,893 1,853 222 2,764 3,435 6,153 6,696 18,503 7,227 3,779 2,266 126 1,998 1.763 1,968 2 687 2,331 5,369 4,650 34,505 6,803 3,674 2,283 1,903 2,210 1.034 1,962 2,26< 609 4,627 5,932 34,929 7,666 3,665 1,408 1.827 2,213 88 1,983 2,33c 3,106 4,154 5,682 26,077 9,304 3,626 99 2,120 1,337 1,744 1,993 1,537 2,633 4,363 5,199 21,554 9,721 3,716 2,292 2.327 139 1,852 2,008 381 2,527 4,335 3,788 19,239 9,210 6,239 2.347 2,132 1,889 1,882 1,225 2,342 2,575 7,666 4,500 21,389 8,661 6,053 2,390 1.121 1,718 1,894 184 2,218 2,595 13,970 6,140 18,690 7,672 4,489 2.409 130 1.749 1 829 2,075 2.263 2,038 14,370 5,163 17,116 6,506 4,300 2.341 2,006 1,729 1,069 2,146 2,114 894 14,500 5,270 16,552 7,040 3,914 1. 170 2,134 1,753 90 2,139 139 3,952 18, 150 6,293 13,920 6,276 3,592 116 2,241 1,271 1,701 377 676 3,340 18,080 14,949 12,884 5,536 2,287 2-.3SS 2,282 167 1,588 2,064 174 3,182 15,295 17,542 11,551 5,431 1,464 >. 150 2.543 1,894 1,541 1,216 2,412 3,186 12,460 14,198 11,240 5,114 4,074 2,421 1,456 2,056 1,553 306 2,294 3,275 12,987 12,112 4,497 3,062 2,322 283 2,438 1,842 2,724 2,274 2,223 11,469 12,400 5,352 2,448 2,160 1,737 4.101 1,199 2,284 1,374 10,719 6,132 1,252 1,486 250 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. 1909-10. 1910-11. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 4,857 2,010 2,832 1,233 6,244 16,62C 18,03( 11,887 3,808 2,466 2,573 1,704 2,746 2,002 2,610 115 5,784 25,30C 16,096 11,641 4,307 1,557 2,296 1,859 1,656 2,091 2,777 1,929 5,329 28,42C 14,154 10,422 5,597 1,364 2,10] 1,059 3,676 2,190 2,028 1,975 5,016 25,75C 13,415 9,908 4,480 1,776 2,148 126 2,313 2,227 393 1,829 3,034 24,73C 11,799 10,374 3,417 2,841 2,374 221 2,151 1,454 2,682 1,669 2,996 21,774 11,266 10,966 4,898 2,12S 2,08C 2,370 2,056 212 2,671 2,145 4,880 21,182 12,915 9,630 3,757 2, US 3,101 2,108 2,221 2,001 2,657 1,761 3,771 21,677 13,361 7,88C 4,832 2,05< 3,531 2,300 1,507 2,072 2,442 257 4,014 21,685 11,615 7,904 5,862 1,425 2,54; 3,239 101 1,965 2,606 2,481 4,205 18,476 9,586 7,413 5,495 1,085 2,050 2,254 1,914 1,944 1,738 2,511 4,225 16,030 9,020 7,167 4,684 3,139 2,173 1,489 2,046 1,893 253 2,485 2,730 13,427 7,777 6,928 5,310 2,45( 2,191 2,817 2,159 1,341 2,451 2,520 2,696 11,99C 7,015 6,378 7,815 2,364 1,597 2,492 2,040 143 2,737 2,665 4,931 12,531 6,070 5,282 8,036 2,279 358 2,315 2,124 1,750 3,263 1,753 4,091 12,052 5,406 4,853 7,228 2,316 2,613 2,119 1,668 1,731 3,441 395 3,689 11,468 5,056 5,970 6,005 1,511 2,617 1,948 125 1,859 3,665 3,032 3,712 10,727 4,871 5,175 5,307 128 2,14C 1,165 2,011 1,870 2,256 2,817 4,100 11,661 5,958 4,767 5,009 1,916 2,171 166 1,855 1,882 666 2,756 2,783 10,965 5,170 4,941 5,674 1,956 2,746 1,962 1,778 1,124 3,729 2,901 2,807 8,189 8,898 5,129 7,046 1,952 1,776 2,061 1,825 90 3,043 2,937 4,991 10,016 11,276 5,398 5,974 1,956 289 2,048 1,899 1,830 2,763 5,588 4,771 10, 825 10,911 5,175 5,075 1,916 2,823 2,004 1,159 1,897 2,545 14,245 5,209 11,583 10,207 6,092 4,499 1,201 2,708 1,988 116 1,993 2,280 18, 698 5,817 11,842 12,315 5,367 3,759 140 2,384 1,233 2,048 358 321 15,123 5,908 12,725 11,759 5,097 2,236 1,978 2,033 137 2,230 2,145 446 11,927 5,055 16,044 10,211 4,714 2,318 '2,312 2,229 1,898 2,353 1,622 2,461 10 059 4,712 20,231 12,793 4,774 4,341 2,185 1,340 2,012 2,453 1,097 2,216 8,351 8,307 18,353 20,526 4,465 3,491 1,968 120 1,956 2,054 4,368 2,138 7,330 16,011 18,118 4,267 3,291 1,484 1,320 2,041 1,180 3,175 2,053 6,620 15,394 13,980 3,953 2,730 1,055 1,396 2,029 138 2,050 7,421 17,953 5,385 351 1,486 1,224 1,452 2,490 560 3,178 3,445 16,615 15,424 3,231 1,414 2,268 2,798 136 1,370 2,467 3,460 2,952 3,442 12, 196 14,811 2,860 497 2,460 1,792 1,848 1,563 1,483 3,210 2,552 3,192 10,369 15,431 1,717 894 2,458 1,361 1,795 1,869 110 4,127 1,453 1,982 8,330 13, 484 782 117 2,282 1,376 1,818 1,515 1,961 4,817 670 658 7,547 10,063 3,312 1,401 1,559 3,299 1,810 2,005 1,948 5,819 3,461 3,314 7,673 7,667 3,105 1,891 186 2,328 1,831 4,555 1,969 4,356 • 3,311 2,809 12,968 6,445 2,922 1,456 1,642 2,170 1,146 4,144 1,988 3,321 2,967 2,520 17,999 7,238 2,880 925 208 1,611 2,103 163 3,402 1,915 4,831 2,705 2,513 18, 741 6,306 2,863 1,746 1,289 1,848 3,172 1,139 3,829 2,642 2,483 18, 171 6,553 1,907 2,627 1,749 115 2,068 3,046 87 3,312 1,614 1,531 15,788 6,605 1,593 2,222 1,908 1,876 1,218 1,870 1,588 3,107 177 416 14, 138 6,220 3,581 1,921 1,156 2,356 1,970 442 1,389 3,196 2,447 2,536 13, 179 4,965 3,132 1,740 51 2,478 1,821 3,042 1,345 2,014 2,233 2,696 13,513 5,247 2,983 1,354 1,285 2,651 1,123 2,676 1,355 629 2,237 5,704 15,624 6,507 4,087 931 1,156 2,568 111 2,546 1,359 3,625 2,310 12,451 19,189 5,325 4,551 114 1,552 1,449 1,710 2,486 797 2,955 2,276 8,511 20,369 4,565 1,763 1,345 1,543 182 1,632 2,275 81 2,500 1,402 5,403 16, 707 3,702 369 928 1,598 2,595 1,630 1,192 1,365 2,437 181 5,041 13,561 3,864 2,519 851 1,138 2,887 1,592 173 1,392 2,274 2,437 6,414 12,687 2,367 2,722 964 206 2,618 1,651 1,792 1,377 1,558 2,419 4,626 12,610 2,539 2,615 987 1,577 2,330 1,003 2,185 1,389 173 2,385 4,858 12, 132 4,713 2,510 804 1,729 2,187 105 2,195 1,414 1,977 2,342 4,883 11,085 3,323 2,346 98 1,687 1,274 1,551 517 948 2,319 2,306 5,023 10,978 3,144 1,622 1,296 1,316 164 1,380 2,091 421 2,264 1,539 2,973 9,992 3,036 343 1,441 1,423 1,831 l-,429 1,427 464 2,283 155 3,058 11,277 3,261 2,437 1,700 976 2,108 1,573 183 2,856 2,195 2,606 5,637 12,340 2,160 2,555 1,413 168 2,219 1,727 1,982 2,393 1,807 3,622 10,595 13,568 3,110 2,296 1,897 1,538 2,262 1,000 2,156 2,446 1,081 15,824 14, 125 3,259 2,294 1,306 1,719 2,162 94 2,266 2,968 3,738 17,649 14,262 2,297 1,961 200 1,850 1,421 1,560 1,949 3,4601 1 20,918 4,354| 1,954 1,952 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 251 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Day. 1911-12. 1912-13. Oct. Nov 116 4 2,420| 3', 2,685: 3,703 2,747! 2 2,695 2,452 3,611 3,374 2,314 4,529 3,259 3,080 1,349 4,304 2, 130 259 2,964; 2,781 2,540 2,813 6,325 9,256 7,407 8,308 8,166 8,256 6,747 5,685 4,461 3,404 5,057 3,895 2,827 2,371 2,452 2,606 1,855 175 2,600 2,769 2,429 2,363 2,480 328 223 2,359 2,482 2,426 2,696 2,757 l,797i Dec. 4,466 3,662 3,843 4,844 5,344 3,650 3,118 5,282 4,060 4,603 5,352 5,121 4, 5,092 7,476 6,181 5,539 5,085 4,377 4,840 6,285 5,388 4,895 3,902 4,314 2,999 3,265 5,953 4,835 4,434 4,185 4,190 9,931 11,667 9,059 6,972 6,066 5,639 6,126 7,397 6,927 6,982 5,897 5,436 2,192 5,016 2,070 4,407 2,049 2, 2,508 3,011 6,075 5,294 Jan. 12,3581 9, 234 8,185 6,356 5,392 4,716. 4,939 5,'" 3,703 5,585 3,479 7,756 5,789 4 — 5,! 4,860 3,853 4,005 4,046 2,513 2, 4,944 4,236 3,953 4,773 5,832 4,402 4,362 6,637 5,999 5,325 4,664 4,298 3,971 10,202 13,931 11,878 9,583 8,675 6,260 4,608 3,709 2,995 5,197 3,: 4,142 6,891 6,607 6,054 7,122 7,546 6,002 5,274 4, 4,703 2,723 2,387 5,105 4,149 3,892 4,142 4,705 4,880 4,951 5.821 4; 517 1,926 4,788 4,199 2,864 3,276 6,059 6,676 Feb. 5,300 4,715 5,053 4,706 4,"" 2,72* 2,039 4,547 3,946 3,003 3,291 3,275 2,433 1,452 4,021 3,383 3,231 2,920 3,373 2,514 3,041 4,814 4,539 4,310 4,085 4,150 2,550 2,462 4,376 3,453 3,104 Mar. 2 ! 3*075 2,251 1,527 3, 3,277 3,028 2,855 2,954 2,297 1,002 3,522 2,962 2,826 2,716 2,814 2,216 8511 3,190 3,144 3,231 2,742 5,339 3,848 3,758 5,964 5,098 4,812 4,518 9,087 10, 140 9,490! 9,8771 11,233 11,7271 9,570' 8,889| 6,974 6,471! 6,045J 6, 1371 7, 7371 7,019 6,974 6,637 6,330 5,914 7,321 9,882 9,277 9,16lj 8,530 7,983, 4,511 3,171 2,195 4,735 3,525 3,345 3," 3,447 2,751 2,118 4,944 4,428 6,562 10,091 16,600 23, 200 25, 012 26,067 25,863 Apr. 25,394 24,821 24,771 22,306 18, 17,881 20,440 26,173 30,720 26,689 21,254 18,416 16,678 15, 709 May. June. July. 9,910 9,584 9,032 7,384 7,205 8,471 7,886 9,899 10,465 11,063 10,683 9,901 10,269 9,961 25,262 22,394, 12, ( 25,017 21,445 18,030 15, 546 12,967 11,425 10,888 10, 650 13, 241 23, 802 26,509 5 5,800 7,152 6 5,726 5,177 4 " 3,149 3, 5,39 4,320 3,448 3,513 3 " 2,553 12,403 1,731 22,790 4.871 27,272 3.872 21,775 3,517 16,896 3,314 14,750 4,557 6,124 7,074 6,415 5,965 5,662 4," 3,392 2, " 6,200 6,306 7,167 8,112 8,085 16,201 11,331 15, 672| 10,767 17,604 10,878 22,816 14,212 23,500 14,444 20,089 10,909 17,964, 11,087 16,689 13,252 18,622 13,215 18,508, 12,250 14,552 11,143 12,877 11,972 12,994 10,940 3,192 1,964 4,749 7,094 6,336 16,910 23, 190 27,538 20,547 16,431 7,448! 5,405 19,380 8,142 4,647 31,321 6,982 5,015j 34,757 6,240 37,040 5,716 25,651 5,447 1 19,650 17,983 20,694 17,083; 14, 120 12,483 12, 578 13,075 11,785 10,486 9,480 8,947 9,499 12, 129 14,511 14, 723 13,997 13,112 11,783 10,225 9,141 9,827 8,643 8,114 7,678 7,790 7,076 7,097 8,220 8,021 8,976 10,662 9,219 8,234 6,945 11,325 9,170 8,111 6,771 5,924 5,990 5,793 5,501 5,369 3,972 3,662 5,530 4,205 3,r- 3,258 4,123 2,657 3,104 5,006 3,724 3,742 3,881 4,185 4, 10,494 12,365 10,877 9,188 9,527 14,790 15, 105 15,218 14; 985 13,631 12, 727 11,840 10,236 8,946 7,367 6,880 7,744 5,290 4,936 4,554 4,519 2,879 2,64] 5,139 3,853 3,197 3,625 3,975 2,556 796 3,892 3,284 3,108 2,939 2,386 1,620 201 11,599 10, 178 8,278 7,215 6,531 5,965 4,495 4,014 5,378 4,153 3,736 3,605 3,585 2,270 1,325 3,898 3,282 2,766 2,737 2,851 2,460 621 4,141 3,063 2,689 2,624 2,477 2,036 ' 384 2,598 Aug. 2,359 2,622 2,561 500 2,268 1,539 384 1,941 1,738 2, 2,131 1,931 1,189 219 1,987 2, 2,141 1,992 2,131 1,464 213 2,361 2,309 2,486 2,713 2,878 1,753 175 2,227 2, 189 2,259 Sept. 2,384 2,263 1,452 196 .2,476 2,784 2,664 2,648 2,581 1,539 187 2,297 4,160 4,670 3,580 3,264 1,891 345 3,087 2,896 231 500 2,848 2,771 2,720 2,619 1,877 342 2,841 2,904 2,758 2,143 2,004 1,318 175 2,351 2,659 2,690 2,694 2,978 2,462 1,987 2,272 577 2,299 4,005 1,474 3,318 277 2,971 2,857 2,296 2, 187 2,179 2,169! 1,282;. 1,818 1,183 160 1,817 1,880 2,619 2,589 2,407 600 526 586 1,854 3,112 1,8971 2,708 l,962i 2,501 2,151 1,909 1,574 247 2,185 2,319 2,227 2,257 2,399 1,626 247 2,132 1,956 1,864] 1,640 1,699 1,206 99 1,834 1,632 1,780 1,828 2,913 3,008 1,959 285 2,422 492 2,809 2,421 2,195 2,070 1,243 171 1,783 1,306 198 1,788 1,760 1,966 1,758 1,743 1,790 1,730 1,098 1,746 114 1,828 1,548 1,076 1,482 166 1,460 1,687 1,412 1,678 1,485 1,750 1,046 1,826 161 1,816 1,591 1,234 1,904 303 3,110 1,417 4,713 1,379 3,495 1,315 2,123 1,333 296 1,452 2,432 859 , 2,304 158 252 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending &ept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Day 1913-14. 1914-15. Oc 15 3,058 3,183 2,933 2,155 371 2,995 1,939 2,102 2,724 1,899 1,439 3,211 2,873 2,333 2,625 2,021 260 688 3, 084 3, 731 5, 228 6,568 5,136 3,322 4,333 8,190 8,083 7,599 6,402 5,649 1,674 1,726 938 119 1,706 1,694 1,690 1,708 1,736 113 69 1,660 1,730 1,719 1,682 1,028 126 1,732 1,912 1,883 1,830 1,817 997 115 1,783 1,837 1,720 1,692 1,707 974 Nov. Dec. Jan> Feb. 3,910 5,071 3,974 ■4,683 3,516 4,142 3,738 5,863 5,332 3,973 2,626 5,189 4,226 4,125 1,830 6,056 3,845 4,490 4,807 7,324 3,612 3,256 4,084 7,005 3,634 3,715 3,825 5,609 2,458 6,435 3,786 5,029 1,301 7,992 3,821 6,448 4,980 8,310 2,614 5,354 10,092 7,062 1,723 4,751 9,799 6,273 4,733 4,622 7,054 4,607 3,299 4,207 5,808 4,259 3, 139 2,932 4,295 6,059 3,037 2,163 3,371 5,026 2,793 4,771 5,402 4,615 2,207 3,921 4,377 4,677 541 3,805 3,642 4,688 3,410 3,680 3,685 2,763 2,825 3,883 4,030 2,024 2,918 2,709 3,818 5,136 3,142 2,480 3,695 4,234 3,277 3,298 5,341 4,022 2,236 5,147 4,373 2,435 1,484 3,396 3,773 6,024 4,562 3,342 1,350 3,973 4,311 3,642 4,725 3,290 4,810 2,573 2,818 5,510 4,877 2,288 4,476 5,188 4,112 5,182 143 2,339 1,655 5,069 1,718 2,317 1,167 4,098 1,736 2,488 250 3,648 1,768 2,726 1,855 3,291 1,770 1,887 1,867 3,299 1,729 710 1,794 2,431 1,006 3,656 2,531 1,701 119 2,919 3,533 5,285 1,698 2,673 4,226 4,600 1,724 2,424 4,300 4,897 1,655 2,199 5,178 4,664 1,647 1,550 4,211 1 4,383 1,744 458 4,270 3,022 1,008 2,638 4,462 2,901 125 2,980 4,371 5,179 1,770 2,627 2,823 5,083 1,796 2,377 1,961 6,750 1,885 2,371 5,351 8,218 2,553 1,451 10,376 8,202 2,801 192 13,364 8,090 1,924 2,028 13,589 6,080 696 2,178 10,991 6,030 3,035 2,195 7,688 7,560 2,870 2,119 6,546 7,150 2,873 541 7,349 9,100 947 953 6,287 26,300 1,611 149 5,649 39,200 978 2,069 5,250 27,054 132 2,031 2,991 2,956 1,967 3,432 2,053 2,813 3,222 11,610 25, 200 32, 600 30, 750 28, 890 23, 360 19, 397 16, 720 15, 785 12, 938 11,331 10, 128 8,976 8,637 8,533 8,545 8,775 9,939 9,012 7,318 7,275 8,156 6,885 7,354 10,579 18,627 26,545 27, 742 24,470 20,559 14,444 11,321 9,971 8,539 7,427 6,967 7,918 6,106 6,325 6,088 4,685 4,548 6,321 5,295 4,466 4,666 4,761 3,581 3,650 5,520 4,794 4,617 4,828 5,428 5,691 5,313 6,100 5,451 5,059 Apr. 22, 560 24, 260 31,072 28, 823 23,094 20, 545 17,628 16, 730 18, 783 24,844 24, 915 21,411 20, 844 19, 866 17, 744 16,686 17,308 17, 322 17, 635 19,289 28,823 37,144 29, 322 21,401 17, 157 15,161 19, 768 26,938 27,340 26,282 4,660 4,449 3,679 4,090 5,608 5,104 5,461 6,298 6,843 7,736 8,790 14,045 20,562 18, 707 14, 274 11,538 9,608 8,536 8,227 8,140 7,269 6,730 6,554 4,943 4,648 6,260 6,643 7,441 6,687 6,068 May. June. 26, 292 22, 902 18,683 17,110 16, 528 18,386 20,322 19,438 17,059 16,307 16,487 14, 787 14, 504 16, 131 16, 221 14,327 12,322 11,541 10,493 9,926 9,429 8,894 8,053 7,338 8,079 6,672 5,975 5,382i 5,366 3,824 4,106 6,784 11,2271 11,020' 9,462' 8,362 7,476 5,358 6,802 5,912 5,446 5,035 4,902 3,651 3,610 5,418 4,352 3,868 3,745 3,617 2,693 1,876 4,470 3,365 3,158 3,209 3,087 2,007 1,587 2,174 5,953 3,770 3,603 3,596 4,087 4,423 5,496 5,771 5,049 4,061 3,963 3,562 2,279 1,171 4,595 3,007 2,601 2,935 3,034 2,059 603 3,828 2,978 2,680 2,737 2,765 1,816 435 2,938 2,951 4,089 3,299 3,077 2,676 1,799 428 2,302 2,411 2,540 2,536 2,226 ■1,335 152 2,238 2,389 2,453 2,065 1,919 1,221 947 3,224 2,875 2,740 2,829 2,508 1,542 408 2,570 2,539 2,341 July. 2,878 3,006 3,037 630 1,945 4,017 3,177 3,287 3,172 3,154 1,982 2,099 4,396 3,848 3,458 2,701 2,420 1,572 427 2,706 2,780 2,724 2,575 2,456 1,710 131 2,322 2,266 2,269 2,197 2,322 Aug. | Sept. 1,393 124 2,214 2,264 2,389 2,531 2,360: 1,3931 175: 2; 128! 2,127 2,100 2,184 2, 140 l,449j 144 1 2,334 2,460 2,462 2,435 2,407 1,564 585 3,269 2,827 2,76l| 2,567j 2,446 1, 569j 402 3, 134|. 2,681 5,333 3,172 6,352 4,797 6,025 10,559 7,765 10,635 15,635 9,266 21,786 7,845 18,978 6,774 15, 753 15,303 15,118 29,926 14,443 22, 714 13,451 16,713 11,503 12,342 10,060 9,327 8,902 7,865 8,449 7,114 9,027 5,835 9,209 5,143 7,929 5,907 6,982 5,218 6,180 4,791 4,595 4,553 3,819 4,517 5,783 3,664 9, 142 3,096 10,347 4,603 8,260 4,42a 7,440 5,168 5,793 6,085 4,592 6,650 5,286 6,200 4,470 Note.— The above table shows the actual flow at Lawrence; not corrected for water wasted by the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 253 Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915. IWeeks arranged in order of dryness.] Week ending Sunday. 1880. d Sept. 12 26 5 19 Aug. 22 29 June 27 Aug. 15 July 18 4 Aug. 8 July 11 Aug. 1 June 20 May 30 July 25 June 13 6 May 23 Jan. 18 May 16 Jan. 4 11 25 Apr. 4 Mar. 28 21 Mav 9 Apr. 18 Mav 2 Feb. 15 29 Apr. 25 Mar. 14 Feb. 8 1 Mar. 7 Feb. 22 Apr. 11 Mean discharge in second-feet. 8* La p 5 ,Q ~ Sb'3 i ® *3 § « H =5 -§2 sis Sti 2,175 2,247 2,291 2,336 2,357 2,494 2,496 2,544 2,557 2,584 2,801 2,951 2,951 3,133 3,309 3,511 3,547 3,689 4,159 5,111 5,140 5,207 5,263 6,054 6,679 7,326 7,406 8,316 8,321 8,404 9,384 9,480 0,333 1,859 1,934 16,687 17,804 17,834 18,703 4 3 2 3 4 3 4 3 10 3 3 4 4 5 4 5 5 51 20 11 40 132 137 132 168 102 87 54 264 155 110 133 53 163 182 249 168 '3 +>.9 '.5 j 2,172 2,244 2,287 2,333 2,355 2.491 2,492 2,541 2,553 2,581 2,791 2,948 2,948 3,129 3,305 3,506 3,543 3,684 4,154 5,060 5,120 5,196 5,223 5,922 6,542 7,194 7,238 8,214 8,324 8,350 9,120 9,325 10,223 11,726 11,881 16, 524 17,622 17,585 18, 535 ® i, is si 0.4 .491 .501 .511 .516 .545 .546 .556 .559 .565 .611 .646 .646 .685 .724 .768 .77i .80 .910 1.108 1.121 1.138 1.144 1.29 432 ,575 .585 .799 . SOS 1 1 1 1 1 1.82 1.99 2.042 2.239 2.568 2.602 3.618 3.859 3.851 4.059 Week ending Sunday. 1880-81. Oct. 17 24 10 3. Jan. 9 Sept. 4 Jan. 2 July 24 Aug. 21 Oct. 31 Sept. 25 Feb. 6.., Aug. 28 Dec. 26 Jan. 16 July 17 Jan. 23 30 Sept. 11.. 18 Dec. 5 Nov. 28 Dec. 19 12 : July 10 Aug. 14 Feb. 13 Nov. 21 Aug. 7 June 26 July 3 Feb. 27 Nov. 14 July 31 June 12 Nov. 7 June 19 Feb. 20.'.'!".'.' Apr. 10 3 May 8 29 Mar. 6 Mav 15 Mar. 27 Apr. 17 Mar. 20 Apr. 24 Mav 1 22 Mar. 13'.'.'.'.'.'.'. The year. Mean discharge in second-feet. PI £ a e ® ^ 5Pfl ,.9 0.415 .424 .453 .454 .477 .483 .490 .491 .497 .518 .545 .588 .635 .639 .641 .746 .872 .880 .962 .991 1.076 1.166 1.205 1.169 1.213 1.228 1.281 1.283 1.372 1.529 1.525 1.515 1.539 1.604 1.663 1. 693 1.894 2.200 2. 238 2. 285 2.332 2.676 2.664 2.759 2.765 2.917 2.948 3. 097 3.731 4.037 4.155 4.786 1.572 Week ending Sunday. 1882-83. Sept. 30 16 23.,.,... 9 2 Aug. 26 19 Jan. 21 14 Dec. 3 Jan. 7 28 Dec. 24 31 10 Feb. 4 Aug. 12 Dec. 17 Feb. 11 Nov. 12 Aug. 5 Nov. 19 26 Feb. 18 July 29 Oct. 15 Nov. 5 July 15 8 Mar. 18 Oct. 8 29 Mar. 11 July 1 Oct. 22 Mar. 4 Feb. 25 Mar. 25 July 22 June 10 17 24 Apr. 1 May 20 June 3 May 6 Apr. 8 Oct. 1 May 13 27 Apr. 29 15 22 The year Mean discharge in second-feet. as* © CO 1,110 1,180 1,221 1,512 1,613 1,637 1,737 1,827 1,885 1,894 2,095 2,119 2,148 2,171 2,177 2,178 2,189 2,281 2,294 2,317 2,392 2,404 2,416 2,460 2,483 2,583 2,628 2,856 2,934 2,967 2,989 3,040 3,353 3,483 3,705 3,797 4,124 4,275 4,459 4,649 4,876 6,367 6,383 6,609 7,039 7,767 8,351 8,660 9,361 10, 793 12,075 20, 566 23,469 | © I'll si* I s * 4,413 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 40 2 2 2 2 2 165 2 2 78 3 2 137 87 243 3 20 11 3 134 7 67 12 41 2 3 230 68 118 101 ^•9 la B O s-. 1,108 1,178 1,219 1,510 1,611 1,635 1,735 1,825 1,883 1,892 2,093 2,117 2,146 2,169 2,175 2,176 2,187 2,279 2,292 2,315 2,390 2,402 2,414 2,420 2,481 2,581 2,626 2,854 2,932 2,802 2,987 3,038 3,275 3,480 3,703 3,660 4,037 4,032 4,456 4,629 4,865 6,364 6,249 6,602 6,972 7,755 8,310 8,658 9,358 10, 563 12,007 20,448 23,368 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 255 Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO r 1880-1915— Continued. Week ending Sunday. Oct. Sept. Dec. Oct. i Dec. July Aug. Nov. Aug. Sept Nov. July Dec. Nov. Dec. June Dec. Nov. Jan. June Feb. Jan. June Feb. Jan. Mar. Feb. Mar. June May Mar. May Mar. Feb. May Apr. 1883-84. Mean discharge in second-feet. 8£ .9 © 1,683 1,758 1,783 1,797 1,807 1,809 1,810 1,908 2,091 2,092 2,122 2,161 2,162 2,199 2,203 2,220 2,280 2,318 2,329 2,335 2,389 2,531 2,550 2,568 2,938 3,313 3,695 3,785 3,970 4,046 4,321 4,327 4,910 5,377 5,791 5,846 17 7,912 16 9,186 1 ! 9,966 18 ' 10,694 11 1 10,750 2 ; 11,109 Mar. The year. . 11,873 12,081 15,524 16,057 22,990 25,457 26, 854 33,163 34,116 7,074 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 3 2 20 3 17 2 2 2 17 23 2 2 2 14 13 2 2 2 2 3 30 2 6 74 2 177 262 556 81 107 118 265 114 650 430 142 427 396 247 416 659 102 ST 1 cs •s . la PI.O 1,681 1,756 1,781 1,795 1,805 1,807 1,808 1,906 2,089 2,087 2,117 2,158 2,160 2,179 2,200 2,203 2,278 2,316 2,327 2,318 2,366 2,529 2,548 2,566 2,924 3,300 3,693 3,783 3,968 4,044 4,318 4,297 4,908 5,371 5,717 5,844 6,721 7,650 8,630 9,885 10,587 10,632 10,844 11,759 11,431 15,094 15,915 22,563 25,061 26, 607 32, 747 33,457 ,972 as © s 0.368 .384 .390 .393 .395 .395 .396 .417 .457 .457 .463 .472 .473 .477 .481 .482 .498 .507 .509 .507 .518 .553 .558 .561 .640 .722 .885 .945 .940 1.074 1.175 1.251 1.279 1.470 1.678 1.888 2.163 2.317 2.326 2.373 2. 573 2.501 3. 303 3.482 4.937 5.484 5.822 7.166 7. 321 526 Week ending Sunday. Oct. Aug. Nov. Oct. Nov. Sept. July June Nov. Mar. June Sept. July Dec. Mar. Feb. July j Sept. Mar. Nov. Aug. Jan. July Dec. Mar. Aug. Mar. May Feb. Jan. Feb. Dec. Feb. Jan. June Dec. May Aug. May Apr. May Apr. .1884-85. The year Mean discharge in second-feet. •58PS ta£o3 3^2 1,682 1,748 1,839 1,867 1,874 1,886 1,932 2,063 2,086 2,121 2,138 2,266 2,344 2,653 2,718 2,724 2,738 3,367 3,441 3,453 3,481 3,554 3,671 3,756 3,786 3,801 3,804 3, 856 4,011 4,463 4,496 4,730 4,927 5,339 5,409 5,429 5,644 5,881 6,101 6,160 6,163 6,319 6,823 7,063 7,873 8,574 10,393 10,510 16,333 17,510 20,971 21,600 IS. 5,373 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 12 130 3 2 2 2 12.5 35 3 2 2 104 2 2 90 137 2 273 74 191 130 48 6 246 130 188 75 57 143 156 2 2 151 160 351 13s 233 59 246 .a 03 IS a 1,680 1,746 1,837 1,865 1,872 1,884 1,930 2,061 2,084 2,118 2,135 2,254 2,214 2,650 2,716 2,722 2,736 3,242 3,406 3,450 3,479 3,552 3,567 3,754 3,784 3,711 3,799 3,847 3,874 4! 461 4,223 4,656 4,736 5,209 5,361 5,423 5,398 5,751 5,913 6,0S5 6,106 6,176 6,667 7,061 7,871 8,423 10;233 10,159 16, 195 17,277 20,912 21,354 5,301 1.160 256 SUEFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass. , for the years ending Sept. SO, 1880-1 9 15— Continued . - Mean discharge in second-feet. Week ending Sunday. Mean discharge in second-feet. Week ending Sunday. §03 £«£ pj © 2*1 rl 03 JO lit ©w„ o © S °3 (m .i-i to " H o3 Si © • a CUD •|.g-I © 'cS CO a o © a © 2 s © © 03 ©• 8 as" si? Ill a © c3 £3 03 ^ & 5 co sis © ^TlT 3 |»- bO^ o3 .ag.a © 1 03 J la a o H PR 1 |l ° 8, P4 1885-86. Sept. 19 1,788 1,837 1,879 1,909 1,919 1,970 2,068 2,090 2,137 2,167 2,170 2,221 2,630 2,666 2,721 2,792 2,830 2,997 3,667 3,911 4,485 4,756 4,891 5,023 5,457 6,136 6,283 6, 427 7,209 7,316 7,590 7,996 8,227 8,266 8,300 8,437 9,161 9,790 10, 193 10, 437 11, 469 13, 353 14, 754 15,926 16, 099 18,28y 20, 767 22, 010 23, 290 26, 229 26, 767 34, 286 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 18 2 103 2 25 204 52 174 69 101 78 151 127 149 150 223 101 88 61 16 237 330 772 70 138 385 167 116 209 195 464 303 1,006 1,786 1,835 1,877 1,907 1,917 1,968 2,066 2,088 2,135 2,165 2,168 2,219 2,628 2,664 2,719 2,790 2,828 2,995 3,665 3,893 4,483 4,653 4,889 4,998 5,253 6,084 6,109 6,358 7,108 7, 238 7, 439 7,869 8,078 8,116 8,077 8,336 9,073 9,729 10, 177 10,200 11, 139 12,581 14,684 15, 788 15,714 18, 122 20,651 21, 801 23,095 25, 765 26, 464 33, 280 0.391 .402 .411 .417 .419 . 131 .452 .457 .467 .474 .474 .486 • .575 .583 .595 .611 .619 .655 .802 .852 .981 1.018 1.070 1.094 1,149 1.331 1.337 1.391 1.555 1.584 1.628 1.722 1.768 1.776 - 1.767 1.824 1.985 2.129 2.227 2.232 2.437 2.753 3.213 3. 455 3.439 3.965 4.519 4.770 5.054 5.638 5.791 7. 282 1886-87. Oct. 24 1,786 1,936 2,156 2,242 2,916 3,178 3,499 3,665 4,003 4,006 4,306 4,314 4,333 4,701 4,804 4,919 4,920 5,032 5,240 5, 520 5,677 6,115 6,544 6,730 6,939 7, 196 7,269 7,366 7,560 7,645 7,724 7,926 8,231 8,711 9,467 9,599 10, 207 10, 694 10, 761 11,306 11,404 11, 857 14,019 14,051 14, 457 15, 160 16, 171 21,443 23, 350 23,910 28, 229 31, 879 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 8 2 2 112 2 85 3 2 2 3 2 50 93 82 318 6 35 66 172 5 2 2 43 336 35 137 2 2 5 293 397 428 462 186 76 365 896 102 13 31 240 220 411 383 281 1,784 1,934 2,154 2,240 2,914 3,176 3,497 3,657 4,001 4,004 4,194 4,312 4,248 4,698 4,802 4,917 4,917 5,030 5, 190 5,427 5,595 5, 797 0,538 . 6,695 6,873 7,024 7,264 7,361 7, 558 7,602 7,388 7,891 8,094 8,709 9,465 9,594 9,914 10, 297 10,333 10, 844 11,218 11, 781 13,684 13, 155 14,355 15,147 16, 140 21,203 23, 130 23,499 27, 846 31, 598 0.390 12 17 .423 5 10 .471 Aug. 29 31.. .490 July 12 3 .638 Sept. 25... .695 8 July 24 .765 Sept. 26 June 19 .800 Julv 18 July 17 .875 Aug. 1 10 .876 22 Jan. 23 .918 Oct. 4 Sept. 18 .944 July 4 Jan. 16 .930 y 25 :... Dec. 19 1.028 Oct. 11 Sept. 11 1.051 18 Nov. 7 1.076 June 27 Dec. 12 1.076 13 Nov. 14 1.101 20 Aug. 14 Jan. 9 1.136 6 1.188 Nov. 1 Dec. 26 1.224 Dec. 6. . Mar. 13 1.268 Oct. 25 Dec. 5 1.431 May 30 Aug. 21 1.465 Nov. 29 1.504 22 Mar. 6 1.537 Dec. 27 May 29 „... 1.589 May 9 Sept. 4 July 3 1.611 Dec. 13.. 1.654 May 23 May 22.. 1.663 Jan. 31 Mar. 20 1.617 3 June 12 1. 727 Feb. 7... Jan. 2 1.771 Mar. 14... . Nov. 21 1.906 21.. 28 2.071 May 16 June 26. „ 2.099 Jan. 24 Feb. 20 2.169 May 2 Mar. 27 2.253 Nov. 8 Feb. 27 2.261 Dec. 20 . Anr. 3 2.373 Mar. 28 . Feb. 13 2. 455 Feb. 11... June 5 2.578 Jan. 17 Apr. 10 2.994 Nov. 15 Jan. 30 May 15 2.879 Feb. 28 3.141 Mar. 7 Aug. 28 3.314 July 31 3.532 Jan. 10.. Apr. 24 4.640 Apr. 18.. .. , May 8 5.061 11 Feb. 6 5.142 4 May 1 6.093 -Feb. 21 Apr. 17 The year 6.914 The year 8,423 122 8,301 1.816 8,813 123 8,690 1.902 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 257 Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued . Week ending Sunday. Aug. July Sppt Juiy Sept July Nov. Oct. July Aug. Nov. Sept Oct. Aug. Oct. June Mar. Oct. Feb. Mar. Feb. June July Jan. Dec. Nov. Jan. Dec. Jan. June Sept. Dec. Jan. June May Mar. Sept. Feb. Apr. May Apr. May Apr. May 1887- 88. 5 12 29 9 15 2,184 2,251 2,297 2, 386 2,400 2,415 2.431 2, 523 2,619 2,764 2, 804 2,804 2,956 2,975 3, 053 3, 154 3,251 3,491 3, 493 3,626 3,749 3,848 3, 956 4,023 4,504 4,669 4,715 4,887 5,051 5, 244 5,620 5, 636 5, 760 6,076 6,208 7,064 9.533 9,556 8 9,610 3 11,514 27 12,355 25 13,313 4 14,877 30 ' 15,367 26 16,339 29 22,057 Mean discbarge in second-feet. s?a .a ® si _ m 32 © to .a?. 89 Qj r 1. 22... 13... 15.... 20.... 8.... The year., 22, 243 22, 636 23,229 25,100 25, 576 28, 271 20, 657 8,456 2 2 2 10 10 10 2 2 2 16 15 2 19 2 o 2 2 2 212 2 43 26 65 52 2 9 7 2 39 2 2 29 78 2 45 60 89 36 214 119 128 720 188 295 465 156 646 255 181 386 320 527 85 a o 2,182 2, 249 2,295 2,376 2,390 2,405 2,429 2,521 2,617 2,778 2,789 2, 802 2,937 2,973 3, 051 3,152 3,249 3, 489 3,281 3,624 3,706 3,822 3,891 3,971 4,502 4,660 4, 708 4,885 5,012 5,242 5, 618 5,607 5, 682 6.074 6,163 7,004 9,444 9,520 9,396 11,395 12, 227 12, 593 14, 689 15, 072 15, 874 21, 901 21,597 22, 381 23, 048 24,714 25, 256 27, 744 29, 572 8,348 11 0.477 .492 .502 .520 .523 .526 .532 . 552 .573 .608 .610 .613 .643 .651 .668 .690 .711 .763 .718 .793 .811 .836 .851 .869 .985 1.020 1. 030 1.069 1.097 1.147 1.229 1.227 1. 243 1.329 1.349 1.533 2.067 2.083 2.056 2.493 2.675 2. 756 3.214 3. 298 3.474 4.792 4.726 4.897 5.043 5. 408 5.526 6.071 6.471 1.827 Week ending Sundav. Sept. July June July Aug. June Mar. Sept. Aug. May Sept. July June Feb. May Feb. Aug. Feb. June May June Aug. Feb. Dec. Jan. Apr. Nov. Apr. Mar. Jan. Apr. Oct. Mar. Apr. Oct. Nov. May Nov. Dec. Jan. Dec. Mar. Oct. Nov. Jan. Dec. The year Mean discharge in second-feet. a? ss • J*?a . ^■S£ Sa* -g 3 di © sis m$4 l» gal 2,210 2,373 2,527 2,741 2,853 3,070 3,106 3,557 4,133 4,410 4,437 4,493 4,506 5,181 5,324 5,344 5,860 5,934 6,517 6,667 6,781 6,990 7,631 7,686 7,823 8,199 8,634 9,696 10,040 10,213 10,354 10.634 10,649 11,027 11,131 11,216 11,253 11,343 11,369 11,594 12,000 12,099 12,663 13,050 13,594 13,991 13,996 14,311 15,239 17,431 20,684 22.151 8 12 161 17 66 91 316 2 145 39 117 79 16 176 198 128 24 90 213 262 224 245 259 125 200 95 118 230 200 230 177 87 121 105 218 209 113 193 263 299 322 245 291 297 546 738 8, 860 176 .a 03 J 2,194 2,326 2,462 2, 732 2,827 3,062 3,094 3,396 4,116 4,344 4,346 4,177 4,504 5,036 5,285 5,227 5,781 5,918 6,341 6,469 6,653 6,966 7,541 7,473 7,561 7,975 8,389 9,437 9,915 10,013 10 259 10.516 10,419 10, 827 10,901 11,039 11,166 11,222 11,264 11,376 11,791 11,986 12,470 12, 787 13,295 13,669 13,751 14,020 14,942 16, 885 19,948 21,462 8,684 40966°— wsp 415—16 17 258 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1 880-1 91 5— Continued . Week ending Sunday. Aug. 17 11 24 July 20. 27 13 Oct. 27 , July 6 Aug. 3 June 29 , Oct. 6 , Feb. 2 Sept. 14 Oct. 20 Nov. 17 Sept. 7 Feb. 23 9 Nov. 3 Jan. 26 19 Sept. 28 June 22 Jan. 12 Aug. 31 Oct. 13 Nov. 24 Feb. 16 Jan. 5 June 15 Nov. 10 June 8 Dec. 7 Mar. 9 May 25 Dec. 29 May 4 Apr. 27 Dec. 22 Mar. 16 May 18 June 1 .-. Mar. 2 Dec. 1 Mar. 23 Apr. 6 Sept. 21 Dec. 15 May 11 Apr. 20 Mar. 30 Apr. 13. The year. Mean discharge in second-feet. ® 1 £<*£ fife .a «« ^•5 2 03 g c8 t-.rt CO * . co is °oS a ft M a> o3 £ w M^ 03 1°| a o 5\a 3 h Pm 1,761 2 1,759 0.385 2,216 2 2,214 .484 2,243 2 2,241 .490 2,346 2 2,344 .513 2, 736 2 2,734 .598 3,236 2 3,234 .708 3,524 120 3,404 .745 3,596 4 3,592 .786 3,690 2 3,688 .807 4,259 11 4,248 .930 4,740 72 4,668 1.021 4,761 107 4,654 1.018 5,056 17 5,039 1.103 5,526 192 5,334 1.167 5,694 92 5,602 1.226 6,006 2 6,004 1.314 6,161 108 6,053 1.325 6,224 152 6,072 1.329 6,401 128 6,273 1.373 6,549 110 6,439 1.409 6,723 171 6,552 1.434 7,179 6 7,173 1.570 7,284 36 7,248 1.586 7,463 124 7,339 1.606 7,751 2 7,749 1.696 8,313 142 8,171 1.788 8,396 175 8,221 1.799 8,781 160 8,621 1.886 9,178 146 9,032 1.976 9,463 36 9,427 2.063 9,966 81 9,885 2.163 10,334 67 10,267 2.247 10,483 294 10, 189 2.230 11, 830 339 11,491 2.514 12, 183 90 12,093 2.646 12,387 242 12, 145 2.658 12,454 124 12,330 2.698 12,851 107 12,744 2.789 13,023 272 12, 751 2.790 13,473 481 12,992 2.843 14,040 147 13, 893 3.040 14,327 126 14,201 3.107 14,536 253 14,283 3.125 14,694 463 14,131 3.114 15, 130 506 14,624 3.200 15, 826 336 15, 490 3.389 16,027 56 15,971 3.495 16,660 289 16,371 3.582 17, 730 195 17,535 3.837 19, 767 153 19,614 4.292 20, 770 608 20, 162 4.412 22,021 292 21,729 4.755 9,380 147 9, 233 2.020 Week ending Sunday. 1890-91. Aug. 16 Sept. 27 Aug. 23 Sept. 20 Aug. 9 July 19 Aug. 2 Sept. 13 July 5 26 Aug. 30 July 12 Sept. 6 June 21 14 Dec. 7 June 28 Dec. 14 May 31 Oct. 5 June 7 Dec. 21 Nov. 30 Oct. 12 Jan. 11 May 17 Nov. 16 May 24 Dec. 28 May 10 Jan. 4 Oct. 19 Nov. 9 Feb. 15 Nov. 23 May 3 Feb. 22 8 Jan. 18 Nov. 2 Mar. 8 Jan. 25 Apr. 12 Feb. 1 Mar. 1 22 Apr. 26 Oct. 2Q.'.'.'.'.'.'. Mar. 15 Apr. 19 Mar. 29 The year. Mean discharge in second-feet. £! 1,976 2,116 2,123 2,316 2,336 2,517 2,631 2,923 3,001 3,026 3,240 3,289 3,321 3,367 4,033 4,856 4,930 5,047 5,074 5,106 5,979 6,169 6,373 6,567 6,783 6,964 7,250 7,820 7,894 8,473 9,326 9,520 9,551 10,040 10,817 11,254 12, 424 13, 163 14,094 15,037 15, 406 16, 569 18, 126 18,976 20,341 21,260 22,239 23,271 23,979 23,993 28, 729 33,057 ),975 Mt3 IB 5? a ® .a c3 S'tsB £ j ■S*» S %*$ «.& « a o 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 7 2 2 2 2 5 9 52 32 30 8 26 20 198 54 68 109 7 92 41 106 58 107 127 126 330 124 78 519 450 521 297 509 705 382 387 560 453 137 461 462 893 290 538 181 1,974 2,114 2,121 2,314 2,334 2,515 2,629 2,921 2,994 3,024 3,238 3,287 3,319 3,362 4,024 4,804 4,898 5,017 5,066 5,080 5,959 5,971 6,319 6,499 6,674 6,957 7,158 7,779 7,788 8,415 9,219 9.393 9,425 9,710 10,693 11, 176 11,905 12, 713 13,573 14,740 14, 897 15,864 17, 744 18,589 19, 781 20, 807 22, 102 22, 810 23,517 23, 100 28, 439 32,519 9,794 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 259 Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Mean discharge in second-feet. Week ending Sunday. Mean discharge in sec ond-feet. Week ending Sunday. 8gf B £^ > 5£B H o3« .9 © © . co 8£ fe^.9 >SJ v & a a o gx: B«s « •.-) tj .9 « e !«* © i .9 * . fl 9 1 ® B §•§ ©■ Pm 1 8 ^ 6£fl .9 ® 2*1 ©_ It's r=j C3 CO 3 %*£ 4J O 60^ 03 is! 1 1 03 * . a o 1-1 1 © 2 a |_) g a .5 ® ®_* w is am Mt3 o3 +» as .S p. . M. 05 1 03 H is o d °03 J2£ •"3 o3 1 A u w^ fe Pi If. ^.0 £ tiff ® — < m £3 o3 oo CJ be bJtK 03 .a|.g of .0 03 xi fl.fi o 1 ® £ d d a §■§ d g ® Ah 1895-96. Sept. 6 1,801 1,805 1,845 1,914 1,921 1,928 2,002 2,107 2,134 2,170 2,236 2,241 2,476 3,102 3,136 3,383 3,444 3,568 3,674 3,906 3,921 4,107 4,210 4,228 4,251 4,512 5,182 5,480 5,919 6,120 6,346 6,993 7,035 7,399 8,205 8,460 8,604 10, 383 11,559 11,693 12,400 13,272 13,454 13,594 13,721 13, 723 14,721 17,986 19,320 21,106 25,429 39, 253 2 2 2 2 2 16 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 95 27 2 2 74 2 2 86 11 97 2 116 11 86 457 104 238 179 14 192 501 248 201 183 185 279 152 125 533 76 286 328 24 550 1,799 1,803 1,843 1,912 1,919 1,912 2,000 2,105 2,132 2,168 2,234 2,239 2,474 3,100 3,134 3,381 3,442 3,566 3,579 3,879 3,919 4,105 4,136 4,226 4,249 4,426 5,171 5,383 5,917 6,004 6,335 6,907 6,578 7,295 7,967 8,281 8,590 10,191 11,058 11,445 12, 199 13,089 13,269 13,315 13,569 13,598 14,188 17,910 19,034 20, 778 25,405 38, 703 0.394 .395 .403 .418 .420 .418 .438 .461 .467 .474 .489 .490 .541 .678 .686 .740 .753 .780 .783 .849 .858 .898 .905 .925 .930 .968 1.132 1.178 1.295 1.314 1.386 1.511 1.439 1.596 1.743 1.812 1.880 2.230 2.420 2.504 2.669 2.864 2.904 2.914 2.969 2.975 3.105 3.919 4.165 4.547 5.559 8.469 1896-97. Sept. 19 . . . 2,519 2,573 2,716 2,731 2,749 2,756 2,795 3,005' 3,005 3,217 3,303 3,388 3,934 4,070 4,111 4,332 4,501 4.594 4,621 4,708 5,168 5,282 5,379 5,791 5,877 5,882 5,977 6,080 6,760 7,036 7,267 7,855 8,128 8,346 8,628 8,782 9,060 9,635 10,261 10,395 10, 701 11,206 12, 684 13,046 13, 735 15, 280 15,545 15, 724 19,577 20, 371 20,975 21,402 4 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 7 5 2 5 7 23 14 9 4 18 2 11 17 19 2 54 2 2 29 4 15 14 28 5 47 9 45 29 38 52 8 74 47 236 17 120 4 145 128 2,515 2,568 2,714 2,729 2,747 2,754 2,793 3,003 3,003 3,215 3,301 3,385 3,932 4,063 4,106 4,330 4,496 4,587 4.598 4,694 5,159 5,278 5,361 5,789 5,866 5,865 5,958 6,078 6,706 7,034 7,265 7,826 8,124 8.331 8,614 8,754 9,055 9,588 10,252 10,350 10,672 11,168 12,632 13,038 13,661 15,233 15,309 15, 707 19, 457 20,367 20,830 21,274 0.550 July 5 26 .562 Aug. 23 Jan. 31 .594 30 Sept. 12 .597 Julv 19 Feb 7 .601 Oct. 13 .603 6 Oct. 4 .611 Aug. 2 Dec 27 . . .657 July 26 Jan. 24 .657 12 17 .704 Aug. 16 Oct. 11 .722 9 Sept. 5 .741 June 28 Feb. 28 .860 Sept. 20 Aug. 22 .889 May 24 Dec. 20 .898 31 Feb. 21 .947 June 21 Aug. 29 .984 Sept. 27. July 11 1.004 Feb. 2 Aug. 15 1.006 Oct. 27 Nov. 22 1.027 Sept. 13 Jan. 10 1.129 June 7 Mar. 7 1.155 Jan. 26 Nov. 29 1.173 May 17 1 1.267 June 14 Dec. 6 1.284 Nov. 3 13 1.283 Jan. 19 July 4 1.304 Dec. 22 Oct. IS 1.330 May 10 Aug. 8 1.467 Nov. 10 Oct. 25 1.539 Jan. 12 Feb. 14 1.590 Feb. 23 Nov. 15 1.712 Mar. 1 . . May 30 . 1.778 Dec. 15 1.823 Oct. 20 Nov. 8 1.885 Nov. 17 1.916 May 3 May 23 1.981 Dec. 8 Mar. 21 2.098 Feb. 9 July 25 2.243 Nov. 24 2.265 Mar. 15 May 9 2.335 Feb. 16 Mar. 14 2.444 Dec. 29 2.764 2 .. 2.853 Jan. 5 Apr. 4 . . . 2.989 Apr. 12 June 20 3.333 Mar. 22 Mar. 28 3.350 Apr. 26 Apr. 25 3.437 Mar. 29 18 4.258 Apr. 5 July 18 4.457 19 4.558 Mar. 8 Apr. 11 . . 4.655 The year The year 7,757 106 7,651 1.674 7,836 26 7,810 1.709 262 Weekly SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending 1880-1 915— Continued . SO, Mean discharge in second-feet. Week ending Sunday. Mean discharge in second-feet. "Week ending Sunday. g*g $%* S ® U 03 CO © CtJ ©"d p 'Si 'oO hi Ri! © •Sf.£ © J ■s . 00 a o © ■38 1 fl 03 oo ^-> © * 03* ll'a .0 ® "o3 g o3 © 00 lis ©£v O © djO || | HE'S 1 Sal J •s |.a rt © "Sos © 03 03 £ 00 ^ PM 1897-98. Oct. 31 2,086 2,241 2,269 2,301 2,346 2,438 2,494 2,516 2,536 2,584 2,689 2,732 2,842 3,422 3,442 3,867 4,049 5,113 5,129 5,145 5,321 5,482 5,663 5,902 6,043 6,224 6,403 6,434 6,439 6,507 6,632 6,849 8,011 8,837 8,860 9,076 9,450 9,459 9,877 10,094 10,445 10,898 11, 187 11,319 11,923 12,895 14, 199 18,055 21,554 22, 793 23,529 29,457 2 2 19 4 40 4 66 2,084 2,239 2,250 2,297 2,306 2,434 2.428 0.456 .490 .505 .503 .518 .533 .545 .549 .554 .555 .591 .605 .609 .686 .724 .745 .889 1.118 1.060 1.125 1.164 1.154 • 1.239 1.289 1.322 1.374 1.375 1.406 1.409 1.426 1.450 1.498 1.747 1.944 1.900 1.866 2.055 2.060 2.010 2. 225 2.275 2. 364 2.455 2.367 2.595 2 799 3.082 4.001 4.692 4.924 5.195 6.402 1898-99. Sept. 24 1,757 1,793 1,848 1,885 2,127 2, 233 2,245 2,251 2,362 2,388 2,438 2,741 2,765 2,768 2,818 3,078 3,933 3,945 4,043 4,145 4,397 4,557 4,915 5,093 6,072 6,346 6,437 6,760 7,143 7,209 7,241 7,271 7,324 7,374 8,407 8,533 8,847 9,128 9,170 10,890 11,067 11,071 11,524 12, 988 13,679 13,724 15, 904 17,060 19,931 28,971 29, 256 33,512 7 8 6 6 7 9 7 6 6 7 10 10 8 7 11 11 242 31 47 177 122 269 248 70 27 407 443 241 567 341 459 243 398 285 603 667 578 496 112 673 523 882 943 921 620 896 1,164 1,097 165 L,065 343 719 1, 750 1,785 1,842 1,879 2,120 2,224 2, 238 2,245 2,356 2,381 2,428 2,731 2,757 2,761 2,807 3,067 3,691 3,914 3,996 3,968 4,275 4,288 4,667 5,023 6,045 5,939 5,994 6,519 6,576 6,868 6,782 7,028 6,926 7,089 7,804 , 7,866 8,269 8,632 9, 058 10,217 10, 544 10, 189 10, 581 12,067 13,059 12, 828 14, 740 15, 963 19, 766 27,906 28, 913 32, 793 0.393 10 Aug. 27 .401 Sept. 25 Sept. 3 .414 Oct. 24 17... .422 Sept. 18 Aug. 20 .476 Oct. 17 '. July 9 .500 July 17 Aug. 13 .503 Oct. 3 5 2.511 Sept. 10 .504 July 31 68 111 56 39 129 370 218 549 92 2 409 6 3 208 3 10 2 107 118 7 167 159 5 2 27 181 178 549 57 289 690 187 46 375 257 782 370 435 479 242 112 870 403 957 2,468 2,473 2,633 2,693 ' 2,713 3,052 3,224 3,318 3,957 5,111 4,720 5,139 5,318 5, 274 5,660 5,892 6,041 6,117 6,285 6,427 6,272 6,348 6,627 6,847 7,984 8,656 8,682 8,527 9,393 9,170 9,187 9,907 10,399 10.523 10,930 10, 537 11,553 12,460 13, 720 17,813 21,442 21,923 23, 126 28,500 July 23... . .529 Aug. 7 Aug. 6... .535 July 24 July 2 .545 10 16 .613 Sept. 11 June 25 .619 Aug. 14 July 30. ... .620 Sept. 4 June 18 .631 Aug. 21 11 .689 July 3. Feb. 19 .829 Nov. 28 June 4 .879 Aug. 28 Oct. 2 .898 Nov. 7 Feb. 12 .891 Dec. 5...: Oct. 9 .960 Feb. 6 16 .963 Jan. 2 Feb. 5 1.048 Nov. 14 May 28 1.128 Jan. 9 21 1.358 June 19 Feb. 26 1.334 Feb. 13 Oct. 23 1.346 Nov. 21 Dec. 18 1.464 June 26 Mar. 5 1.477 12 Nov. 6 1.543 Dec. 12 Jan. 29 1. 523 Jan. 16 1 1.579 23 15 1.556 May 22 Dec. 25 1.592 Feb. 20 4 1.753 Mar. 6 Jan. 8 1.767 Jan. 30 Nov. 13 1.857 June 5 Jan. 22 1.939 Feb. 27 May 14 2. 035 May 15 Nov. 20 2.295 Dec. 26 Oct. 30 2.369 May 29 Mar. 12 2.289 Apr. 10 26 2.377 Mar. 13 Dec. 11 2.710 Apr. 17 Nov. 27 2.933 May 8 Apr. 2 2.881 Apr. 24 Mar. 19 3.311 3 Apr. 9 3.586 Dec. 19 May 7 4.440 May 1 Apr. 16 6. 268 Mar. 27 30 6. 494 20 23 7.366 The year The year.... 7,847 201 7,646 1.695 7,988 331 7,657 1.720 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 263 Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Week ending Sunday. 1899-1900. 9 Aug 12 Sept Oct. 2 29 Sept 23 Oct. 15 July 8 Oct. 22 July 22 29 Sept Aug. 30 5 Jan. July Jan. 15 14 Aug. Oct. 26 8 1 Aug. 19 Dec. 3 Jan. 21 July Dec. 1 10 Nov. 19 26 Dec. 31 June 24 Nov. 12 5 Dec. 24 1? June 17 Feb. 4 3 10 Jan. 28 Feb. 11 May 20 13 Apr. May Mar 1 27 18 May 6 Apr. Mar 15 25 Feb. 25 Apr. Mar 8 11 Apr. 29 22 Mar 4 Feb. 18 Mean discharge in second-feet. H ra co B *2& -§!^ 111 Isl The year . 1,272 1,455 1,536 1,628 1,635 1,647 1,678 1,711 1, 7.54 1,810 1,836 1,852 1,869 1,921 1,940 1,953 2,016 2,073 2,099 2,205 2,221 2,309 2,395 2,435 2,549 2, 638 2,737 2,935 2,980 3,080 3,166 3,259 3,699 4,395 5,599 5,984 6,357 6,967 8,789 9,757 11,444 11,481 11,517 12,439 15, 905 16,397 16,431 16,621 16, 748 19, 770 23,782 27,523 30,374 13 56 11 11 16 15 56 15 6 7 35 13 27 48 101 126 23 351 383 265 275 359 284 917 878 229 452 297 448 ,861 ,727 a o 6,615 201 1,264 1,448 1,529 1,621 1,629 1,640 1,672 1,704 1,748 1,803 1,828 1,845 1,862 1,915 1,933 1,947 2,009 2,067 2,093 2,197 2,208 2,253 2,384 2,424 2,533 2,623 2,681 2,920 2,974 3,073 3,131 3,246 3,672 4,347 5,498 5,858 6,334 6,616 8,406 9,492 11,169 11,162 10,629 12,080 15, 621 15,480 15,553 16, 392 16, 296 19,473 23, 334 25,662 28,647 5,414 CO 0.284 .325 .343 .364 .366 .368 .376 .383 .393 .405 .411 .414 .418 .430 .434 .437 .451 .464 .470 .493 .496 .506 .535 .544 .569 .589 .602 .656 .703 .729 .825 .976 1.235 1.316 1.423 1.486 1.888 2.132 2.509 2.507 2.387 2. 713 3.509 3.477 3. 493 3.682 3.660 4.374 5.241 5.764 6. 435 1.440 Week ending Sunday. Oct Nov. Mar. Oct. Feb. Sept. Feb. July Sept. Mar. Sept. Oct. Sept. Feb. Oct. July Jan. July Jan. Aug. Jan. Aug. June Jan. Sept. Dec. June Aug. Nov. Dec. Aug. June Mar. May Dec. June May Apr. Mar. June May Apr. 1900-1901. 7 4 3 28 17 29 24 10 7 28 15 10 Mean discharge in second -feet. 5%n 3Jg B? Bi Is! 1,931 2,100 2,271 2,287 2,359 2,401 2,422 2,499 2,550 2,565 2,591 2,686 2,746 2,831 2,879 2,936 2,969 2,977 3,211 3,215 3,277 3,304 3,383 3,650 3,833 3,906 3,925 3,947 4,245 4,651 5,157 5,178 5,335 5,660 5,917 5,954 7,358 9,474 9,510 10,480 10, 760 11,399 11,684 11,689 15, 797 16, 966 19, 744 20, 221 21,258 22, 439 25. 445 41,490 93 44 41 86 350 362 483 202 524 297 526 714 540 703 ,120 938 1,605 1,697 1,269 .a 03 •a . •S a The year 7,490 238 -1,924 2,093 2,262 2,280 2,333 2,371 2,409 2,475 2,539 2,554 2,553 2,673 2,703 2,823 2,833 2,912 2,959 2,966 3,181 3,204 3,249 3,253 3,350 3,599 3,807 3,869 3,852 3,908 4,217 4,625 5,14*8 5,168 5,326 5,567 5,873 5,913 7,272 9,124 9,148 9,997 10, 558 10, 875 11,387 11,163 15,083 16,426 19,041 19, 101 20, 320 20,834 23, 748 40, 221 a S3 a © 5> C3 a 2 0.432 .470 .508 .512 .524 .533 .541 .556 .570 .574 .574 .600 .607 .634 .636 .654 .665 .666 .715 .720 .730 .731 .752 .808 .855 .869 .865 .878 .947 1.039 1.156 1.161 1.196 1.250 1.319 1.328 1.633 2.049 2.055 2.246 2.372 2.443 2.558 2.507 3.388 3.690 4.277 4.290 4.564 4.680 5.334 9.034 7,252 1.629 264 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1880-1 91 5— Continued . Week ending Sunday. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Aug. Nov. July Sept. Dec. Aug. Sept. Feb. Sept. Oct. July June Feb. May July June Jan. June Aug. Dec. May Feb. Jan. Dec. Oct. June Feb. Apr. Jan. May Mar. Apr. May Jan. Mar. Dec. Apr. Mar. 1901-2. 7 13 The year 8,819 Mean discharge in second-feet. ©_< TO 2.382 2,387 2,463 2,846 2,892 2,921 2,993 3, 102 3,116 3,272 3,347 3,407 3,457 3,478 3,486 3,516 3,937 3,960 4,057 4,062 4,393 4,708 5,103 5,116 5,182 5,325 5,393 5,547 5,618 5,679 5,683 6,914 7,108 7,445 7,537 7,814 10, 008 10, 097 10, 918 12, 555 12, 581 15.229 15, 694 17, 970 18, 762 19, 710 20, 794 21,367 24, 678 25, 204 27, 235 36, 144 a © P. at .a* .Jfe. Is. 102 12 7 141 7 38 7 7 8 8 126 667 22 220 209 397 174 42 426 209 535 203 1,956 360 415 1,217 398 717 367 1.057 1,202 938 1,022 264 (A a 2,376 2,356 2.429 2,787 2,830 2,915 2,949 3,062 3,048 3,264 3,341 3,305 3,451 3,472 3,474 3,509 3,796 3,953 4,019 4,053 4,385 4,612 5,094 5,109 5,175 5,317 5,385 5,421 5,609 5,673 5,016 7,236 7,140 7,640 9,966 9,671 10, 709 12,020 12,378 13, 273 15,334 17,555 17, 545 19, 312 20,077 21,000 23,621 24.002 26, 297 35, 122 8,555 a® to a .a 0.534 .529 .546 .626 .636 .655 .662 .733 .750 .742 .775 .780 .780 .788 .853 .888 .903 .910 .985 1.036 1.144 1.148 1.162 1.194 1.210 1.218 1.260 1.274 1.127 1.548 1.547 1.625 1.604 1.716 2.239 2.172 2.405 2.700 2.780 2.981 3.444 3.943 3.941 4.338 4.510 4.717 5.306 5.391 5.907 7.889 1.922 Week ending Sunday. 1902-3. June 7 Sept. 27 20 13 May 31 Sept. 6 Aug. 23 30 July 19 Aug. 16 May 24 Aug. 9 2 July 12 Dec. 14 June 14 Nov 30 May 17 Nov. 23 Dec. 7 Oct. 26 19 Nov. 16 May 10 July 26 Oct. 12 Jan. 18 Nov. 9 May 3 Oct. 5 Jan. 25 July 5 Feb. 1 Dec. 21. Feb. 22 Jan. 4 11 Mar. 1 Feb. 15 8 Apr. 26 Nov. 2 June 21 Dec. 28 Apr. 19 12 Mar. 8 Apr. 5 June 28 Mar. 22 29 15 The year Mean discharge in second-feet. •> © & ®^ ® — i OT U 03 CO log 1,823 2,194 2,240 2,385 2,482 2.879 2,917 3,139 3,150 3,426 3,607 3,736 3,978 4,036 4,190 4,335 4,372 4,590 4,929 4.948 5,090 5,225 5,399 5,805 5,818 6,622 6,699 6,831 7,055 7,085 7,205 7,261 7,470 8,174 8,707 8,748 9,230 10, 139 10, 435 10, 487 10. 850 12,386 13,146 14, 683 15, 947 19, 641 21, 205 21, 884 22, 110 24, 347 31, 265 36, 221 a o3 i#£ 4 11 17 16 4 14 16 25 14 49 6 212 26 35 58 5 45 7 53 61 6 6 7 9 48 7 122 14 36 6 170 159 278 322 324 275 210 664 630 553 294 163 549 779 663 865 561 856 ,081 364 1,140 1,049 248 a o 1,819 2,183 2,223 2,369 2,478 2,865 2,901 3,114 3,136 3,377 3,601 3,524 3,952 4,001 1,132 4,330 4,327 4,583 4,876 4,887 5,084 5,219 5,392 5,796 5,770 6,615 6,577 6,817 7,019 7,079 7,035 7,102 7,192 7,852 8,383 8,473 9,020 9,475 10,556 12. 223 12. 597 13, 904 15. 284 18, 776 20,644 21,028 21, 029 23,983 30, 125 35, 172 8,647 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 265 Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 80, 1880-1915— Continued . Wee" ending Sunday. 1903-4. Sept. 11 Oct. 4 Julv 31 Sept. 4 Aug. 21 XI 7 July 24 Dec. 6 Oct. 11 Feb. 21 July 17 Jan. 24 10 Feb. 14 Dec. 13 Jan. 31 17 Feb. 7 Nov. 15 29 June 26 Nov. 8 Jan. 3 Nov. 1 Sept. 25 Dec. 20 Feb. 28 July 3 Nov. 22 Aug. 28 Julv 10 Sept. 18 Mar. 6 June 19 Oct. 25 18 June 5 Dec. 27 June 12 Mar. 20 13 Mav 29 Apr. 24 May 15 Mar. 27 May 22 Apr. 10 Mav 8 Apr. 17 3 May 1 The year Mean discharge in second-feet. go? XXt 85 ® 1 £ a 2 fife a «~ B £ x)^ er- as to ~ S " .So- Si B a> to C3 1! be a .g 22 o o pi B o to X} S3 2 S Pi 1,887 2,083 2,095 5 7 14 1,882 2,076 2,081 0.423 .466 .467 2,107 15 2,092 .470 2,192 2,201 2,237 23 19 18 2,169 2,182 2,219 .487 .490 .498 2,275 15 2,260 .508 2,427 95 2,332 .524 2,478 7 2,471 .555 2,539 66 2,473 .556 2,559 17 2,542 .571 2,615 42 2,573 .578 2,626 29 2,597 .583 2,629 58 2,571 .578 2,634 48 2,586 .581 2,719 57 2,662 .598 2,742 38 2,704 .607 2,745 54 2,691 .604 2,767 29 2,738 .615 2,776 41 2,735 .614 2,897 30 2,867 .844 2,901 31 2,870 .645 3,120 31 3,089 .694 3,260 36 3,224 .724 3,318 5 3,313 .744 3,451 12 3,439 .772 3,564 121 3,443 .773 3,589 28 3,561 .800 3,600 61 3,539 .795 3,604 35 3,569 .802 3,753 25 3,728 .837 3,776 6 3,770 .847 4,167 116 4,051 .910 4,172 42 4, 130 .928 4,756 63 4,693 1.054 5,198 26 5,172 1.162 6,308 81 6,227 1.398 6,378 39 6,339 1.424 6,945 191 6,754 1.517 8,309 158 8,151 1.831 10,995 311 10, 684 2.400 11,788 76 11,712 2.631 14, 101 199 13,902 3.123 14,453 438 14,015 3148 15,967 256 15,711 3.529 19,236 268 18. 968 4.261 20,717 602 20, 115 4.519 22,875 417 22.458 5.044 24,517 745 23,772 5.340 24,857 240 24,617 5. 530 26,995 1,506 25,489 5.725 6,633 133 6,500 1.460 Weel-: ending Sunday. 1904-5. Dec. 25 18 Jan. 1 Dec. 11 July 30 Mar. 5 Feb. 26 19 Aug. 13 July 23 Aug. 27 Feb. 12 Dec. 4 Nov. 13 Sept. 3 Feb. 5 July 16 Mar. 12 Nov. 20 27 Jan. 29 Oct. 16 June 4 Nov. 6 Jan. 8 Aug. 20 June 11 Aug. 6 Oct. 23 June 18 Oct. 9 July 9 Jan. 22 Mar. 19 Oct. 2 May 28 Oct. 30 July 2 May 14 June 25 Mav 21 Sept. 17 Jan. 15 Mav 7 Apr. 30 23. . Mar. 26."!!!!!!!!." Sept. 24 10 Apr. 16 9 2 The year... Mean discharge in second-feet. §pS 53 c3co Mr) c3-£ CD W> "oS n o a a| 3 03 CO u CD Ph 0.278 .388 .396 .407 .459 .481 .497 .505 .539 .544 .604 .622 .635 .720 .799 .874 .893 .926 .943 1.212 1.303 1.328 1.321 1.384 1.430 1.422 1.517 1.637 1.690 1.799 1.849 1.955 1.940 1.943 2.135 2.193 2.359 2.450 2.511 2.544 2.625 2.793 2.838 2.836 2.965 3.070 3.053 3.422 3.486 3.462 3.713 5.142 lis .S © ©_. m MT3 a© rt<£s a? •- w |sl © l 03 * . CO !« a o CD G °03 1J to © 03 *•§ 3 03 PL, 1907-8. Sept. 27 1,246 1,732 1,769 1,822 2,049 2, 151 2,220 2,256 2,407 2,427 2,704 2,778 2,834 3,215 3,586 3,906 3,982 4,129 4,307 5,490 5,959 6,030 6,059 6,306 6,519 6,583 6,764 7,515 7,603 8,171 8,377 8,715 8,735 8,746 9,671 9,861 10, 640 11,115 11,322 11,537 11,838 12, 539 12, 644 12, 757 13, 394 13, 785 13,880 15, 354 15, 549 15, 740 16,933 22, 978 7 6 7 8 6 8 8 7 9 7 13 7 6 8 31 16 8 8 109 93 157 119 176 143 155 252 9 228 77 160 144 8 100 95 167 96 138 209 143 209 152 1 104 11 134 ' 192 116 1 286 1 117 1 29 327 1 404 1 85 1,239 1,726 1,762 1,814 2,043 2, 143 2,212 2,249 2,398 2,420 2,691 2,771 2,828 3,207 3,555 3,890 3,974 4,121 4,198 5,397 5,802 5,911 5,883 6,163 6,364 6,331 6,755 7,287 7,526 8,011 8,233 8,707 8,635 8,651 9,504 9,765 10, 502 10, 906 11,179 11,328 11,686 12, 435 12,633 12, 623 13, 202 13,669 13, 594 15, 237 15, 520 15,413 16, 529 22. 893 1908-9. Sept. 5 1,321 1,365 1,418 1,463 1,464 1,468 1,475 1,480 1,497 1,592 1,614 1,618 1,651 1,661 1,687 1,699 1,789 1,849 1,870 1,884 1,888 1,909 1,963 1,979 2,057 2,146 2,338 2,427 2,657 2,933 3,328 3,728 4,231 4,259 4,525 5,194 5,207 5,238 5,316 5,607 6,003 8,011 8,391 9,506 9,936 10,437 11,243 11,904 13, 536 15, 261 18, 352 19, 737 5 8 11 7 7 6 9 7 7 7 19 9 8 7 8 23 7 8 7 7 14 7 25 8 19 7 7 9 22 7 7 11 21 25 58 24 114 199 101 72 154 168 88 102 228 186 120 183 117 322 158 207 1,316 1,357 1,407 1,456 1,457 1,462 1,466 1,473 1,490 1,585 1,596 1,609 1,643 1,654 1,679 1,676 1,782 1,841 1,863 1,877 1,874 1,902 1,938 1,971 2,038 2,139 2,331 2,418 2, 635 2,926 3,321 3,717 4,210 4,234 4,467 5,170 5,093 5,039 5,215 5,535 5,849 7,843 8,303 9,404 9,708 10, 251 11,123 11,721 13,419 14,939 18, 194 19, 530 0.296 July 19 .. Nov. 1 .305 Sept. 20 lee. 27 .316 13... Oct. 11 .327 6... 4 .327 July 5 ... Sept. 26 .328 June 28 . . Nov. 29 .329 July 12 Oct. 25 .331 Aug. 30 18 .335 2 Sept. 12 .356 23 ... Nov. 15 .358 June 21 22 .361 July 26 Aug. 22 .369 Oct. 27 Sept. 19 .372 Aug. 16. Aug. 15 .377 June 14 Nov. 8 .376 Aug. 9 Aug. 8 .400 Oct. 20... 29 .414 Feb. 9 1 .418 1 ec. 8 July 18 .422 Feb. 2 Jan. 3 .421 Jan. 26 July 25 .427 Mar. 8 Dec. 13 .435 Feb. 16... 6 .443 Mar. 1 20 .458 May 31 July 11 .480 Oct. 13 Jan. 24 .524 Mar. 15 July 4 .543 N)v. 24 Feb. 7 .592 June 7 Jan. 31 .657 Tec. 1 17 .746 Oct. 6 .835 May 24 Jan. 10 .946 I ec. 22 June 20 .951 Jan. 12 6 1.003 Apr. 26 13 1.161 19 Mar. 21 1.144 Jan. 19 Feb. 21 1.132 5 14 1.171 Apr. 12 May 30 1.246 J ec. 29 Mar. 14 1.314 Nov. 17 7 1.762 3 May 23 1.865 Tec. 15 16.. 2.112 Feb. 23 Mar. 28 2.181 May 17 2.303 Mar. 22 May 9 2.498 May 10 2 2.633 3 Apr. 11 3.014 Mar. 29 Feb. 28 3. 353 Apr. 5 Apr. 25 4.087 Nov. 10 18 4.387 The year The year 7,704 98 7,606 1.708 4,675 57 4,618 1.037 268 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Weekly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 18S0-1 91 5— Continued . Week ending Sunday. 1909-10. Sept. 4 Nov. 21 Oct. 24 Nov. 28 July 24 31 Nov. 14 Sept. 25 Jan. 9 Oct. 17 Nov. 7 Jan. 2 Oct. 31 Sept. 18 July 10 Aug. 28 Sept. 11 Oct. 10 July 17 Aug. 21 14 Jan. 16 Dec. 12 26 Aug. 7 Dec. 5 19 Julv 3 Oct. 3 Feb. 20 13 June 26 5 Jan. 23 May 29 June 12 Feb. 6 27 May 22 June 19 Apr. 17 May 15 Apr. 24 May 8 Mar. 20 Jan. 30 Apr. 10 Mar. 27 May 1 Apr. 3 Mar. 13 6 The year.. Mean discharge in second-feet. fl © 2 o co 1,279 1,472 1, 520 1,563 1,577 1,619 1.623 1,633 1,652 1,725 1,741 1,752 1,779 1,860 1,918 1. 948 1,997 2,004 2,027 2, 050 2.063 2, 116 2. 150 2,161 2,382 2, 598 2,640 2, 719 2,821 3,730 3,789 4,415 4,421 4,897 4,968 4,977 5,118 5,209 5, 222 6,439 5,459 6,558 9,248 10.117 11,085 11, 185 11,994 13,324 14, 182 16, 570 17, 781 21, 557 4,994 a © n 148 109 96 20 180 22 51 125 220 31 144 131 13 100 55 135 198 75 133 95 111 257 517 1,274 1,463 1,515 1,544 1,571 1,614 1,613 1,628 1,602 1.721 1,706 1,737 1,760 1, 855 1,893 1,943 1,992 2.000 2,022 2, 045 2, 058 2.053 2; 132 2,140 2,376 2,579 2.601 2,690 2,810 3,582 3,680 4,319 4,401 4,717 4,946 4,926 4,993 4,989 5,191 6,295 6,328 6,545 9,148 10,062 10,950 10,960 11,919 13, 191 14,087 16, 459 17, 524 21,040 4,928 9 © bfl a -9 0.286 .329 .340 .347 .353 .363 .362 .366 .360 .387 .383 .390 .395 .417 .425 .436 .447 .449 .454 .459 .462 .461 .479 ' .481 .534 .579 .584 .604 .631 .805 .827 .970 .989 1.060 1.111 1.106 1.122 1.121 1.166 1.414 1.421 1.470 2.055 2.260 2.460 2.462 2.677 2.963 3.164 3.697 3. 934 4.726 1.107 Week ending Sunday. 1910-11. July 23 9....... Dec. 18. 25 Aug. 20 Oct. 30 Aug. 27 I July 30 Oct. 23 I Aug. 13 Oct. 16 j Nov. 27 I Oct. 9 I July 16 Dec. 11 Oct. 2 Nov. 6 Sept. 10 Dec. 4 Sept. 3 Feb. 19 Aug. 6 July 2 Sept. 17 Feb. 26 Jan. 1. 29 Sept. 24 Nov. 20 June 25 Jan. 22 Mar. 12 Feb. 12 5 Tune 4 11 Mar. 5 June 18 Nov. 13 Jan. 15 May 28 21 Jan. 8 Mar. 26 19 May 14 7 Apr. 9 30 23 2 16 The year Mean discharge in second-feet. 5®3 3 qo 854 985 1,131 1,187 1,211 1.251 1,268 1,322 1,332 1,409 1,451 1,484 1,487 1, 558 1, 572 1,614 1,619 1,811 1, 851 1,859 1,869 1,881 1,922 1, 937 1,940 1,948 1,989 2,008 2,056 2,097 2,217 2,227 2,411 2,572 2, 643 2, 655 2,707 2,924 2,947 2,988 3,250 4,124 4,159 4,548 6,049 6,162 11,904 11,947 12, 363 14,164 14, 205 15, 657 3,514 Sal g# Mt3 ©a> si B^ P pf$s§ SSI 03 a o 03 Pi O) 03 & 03 c3 cl-9 8* 03 © 8 Pi £,-; 03 3 W U, ro 03 III 9 ® sg§ ©— i w 03 w^ 3 .§© ■S££ M^ 03 S©S !> 03 03° .9 03 u 13 I 4J P "Sea ■SS bJO .03 03 03 -9 g^ 03 Ph 1913-14. Sept.27 1,621 1,753 1,761 1,842 1,904 2,017 2,035 2,120 2,155 2,210 2,263 2,463 2,473 2,484 2, 689 2,691 2,756 2,821 2,871 2,984 3,487 3,517 3,523 3,524 3,607 3,694 3,752 4,093 4,110 4.159 4,265 4,354 4,418 4,473 4,802 5,629 6,011 6,193 6,420 6,486 8,485 9,382 12,074 12, 177 14, 968 17, 879 18,201 20, 694 24,029 24,042 24, 544 26,003 8 10 8 12 14 8 29 18 8 19 12 8 12 23 20 8 95 87 8 20 32 210 100 57 112 6 99 46 67 117 54 107 23 38 222 1,613 1,743 1,753 1,830 1,890 2,009 2,006 2,102 2,147 2,191 2,251 2,455 2,461 2,461 2,669 2,683 2,661 2,734 2,863 2,964 3,455 3,307 3,423 3.467 3,495 .3,688 3,653 4,047 4,043 4,042 4,211 4,247 4,395 4,435 4.580 0.362 .392 .394 .411 .425 .451 .451 .472 .482 .492 .506 .551 .553 .553 .600 .603" .598 .614 .643 .666 .776 .743 - .769 .779 .785 .828 .821 .909 .908 .908 .946 .954 .987 .996 1.029 1.253 1.301 1.377 1.426 1.446 1.872 2.088 2.658 2.708 3.299 3.957 4.031 4.567 5.323 5.357 5.391 5.765 1914-15. Oct. 18 1,145 1,348 1,372 1,375 1,407 1,408 1,452 1,469 1,599 1,778 1,890 1,918 1,929 2,091 2,203 2,268 2,304 2,506 2,552 2,726 2,805 2,872 2,983 3, 362 3,653 3,897 4,013 4,094 4,250 4,535 4,677 4,784 5,051 5,109 5,170 5,494 6,038 6,549 6,644 6,800 6,820 7,301 7,337 7, 745 9,191 9,701 11,318 11, 704 13, 185 13, 896 14, 638 17,485 7 8 29 8 26 10 30 8 28 27 10 31 10 39 29 31 9 11 12 19 19 66 16 150 21 145 24 105 196 51 33 27 20 153 30 45 70 43 22 264 59 33 48 35 76 341 147 131 245 14 167 258 1,138 1,340 1,343 1,367 1,381 1,398 1,422 1,461 1,571 1,751 1,880 1,887 1,919 2,052 2,174 2,237 3,295 2,495 2,540 2,707 2,786 2,806 2,967 3,212 3,632 3,752 3,989 3,989 4,054 4,484 4,644 4,757 5,031 4,956 5,140 5,449 5,968 6,506 6,622 6,536 • 6, 761 7,268 7,289 7,710 9, 115 9,360 11,171 11, 573 12, 940 13, 882 14, 471 17, 227 0.256 Aug, 16 3... . .301 Sept. 20 Nov. 15 .302 Aug. 2 Oct. 11 .307 9 Nov. 8 .310 Sept. 13 1 .314 Aug. 23 Dec. 27 .319 Oct. 5 Oct. 25 .328 July 26 Jan. 3 .353 Oct. 19 Nov. 29 .. .393 Aug. 30 June 20 .422 June 28 Nov. 22 .424 Oct. 12 June 13 .431 July 5 Dec. 20 .461 19 6 .488 June 22 13 .502 Jan. 25 June 27 L .516 18 6 .560 Sept. 6 Sept. 19 .571 July 12 12 .608 Nov. 9 26 .626 Mar. 1 Jan. 10 .630 Jan. 11 May 30 .666 Nov.30 Feb. 7 .721 Feb. 22 May 23 .816 June 14 Jan. 17 .843 Jan. 4 Sept. 5 .896 Nov. 23 July 4 .896 Dec. 7 Feb. 14 .911 28 July 25 1.007 21 Mar. 21 1.043 Feb. 15 Apr. 4 1.069 June 7 May 16 1.130 Oct. 26 Jan. 31 1.113 Feb. 1 Mar. 28 1.155 May 31 49 5. 580 Aug. 1 1.224 Feb. 8 219 63 72 47 151 88 240 123 280 262 253 360 333 194 544 335 5,792 6,130 6,348 6,439 8,334 9,294 11, 834 12,054 14,688 17, 617 17, 948 20, 334 23, 696 23, 848 24,000 25, 668 Mar. 14 1.341 Nov. 2 Apr. 11 1.461 Dec. 14 25 1.487 Nov. 16 Feb. 21 1.468 Mar. 22 Aug. 22 1.519 May 24 May 2 1.633 Mar. 15 Aug. 29 1.637 29 May 9 1.732 May 1 July 18 2.047 10 Jan. 24 2.102 Apr. 19 Mar. 7 2.509 12 Aug. 15 2.600 May 3 8 2.907 Apr. 26 Apr. 18 3. 118 Mar. 8 July 11 3.250 Apr. 5 Feb. 28 3.869 The year The year 6,710 102 6,608 1.484 4,997 66 4,931 1.108 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 271 Monthly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915. Month. October November. December. January... February.. March April May June July August September. 1879-80. The year. October. November. December. January. .. February.. March April May June July August September. 1880-81. The year. October . November. December . January.. . February.. March April! May June July August September. 1881-82. The year. October. November. December. January. .. February.. March April May June July Aupust September. 1882-83. The year. Mean discharge in second-feet. Measured Jffi Lawrence (total drainage area, 4,663 square miles. )o 2,445 4,338 7.038 7,475 12,449 10,620 10, 878 5,557 3,183 2, 952 2,535 2,241 5,976 1,773 4,244 2,649 2,304 4,792 17,106 16,197 14,249 5,131 3,447 2,794 2,513 6,433 2,494 5,301 8,407 7,432 9,456 16,248 10,405 10, 728 9,013 3,142 2,151 3,716 7,374 3,099 2,310 2,161 2.024 2,944 4,090 15, 535 8,540 5,040 3,127 1,933 1,219 , 335 into Mer- rimack River from diverted drainage basins. t> 4 3 3 84 179 151 111 35 3 3 From net drainage area.c 2,441 4,335 7,035 7,391 12, 270 10,' 767 5,522 3,180 2,949 2,531 2,238 Per square mile of net drainage 0.534 949 1.540 1.618 2.687 2.292 2.358 1.209 .696 .646 .554 Run-off. Depth in inches on drainage 0.62 1.06 1.78 1.87 2.90 2.64 2.63 1.39 .78 .74 .64 .55 49 3 3 2 100 465 152 79 130 13 2 2 80 2 12 33 104 2-15 330 ■12 124 42 2 2 78 2 3 2 47 156 80 68 11 2 2 2 32 5,927 1,770 4,241 2,646 2,302 4,692 16,641 16,045 14, 170 5,001 3,434 2,792 2,511 6,353 2,492 5,289 8,374 7,328 9,211 15,918 10,363 10,604 8,971 3,140 2,149 3,713 7,296 3,097 2,307 2,158 2,022 2, 897 3,934 15,455 8,472 5,029 3,125 1,931 1,217 4,303 1.298 17.60 Per cent of rainfall. .388 .929 .580 .504 1.027 3.641 3.511 3.101 1.094 .751 .611 .549 1.390 .45 1.04 .67 .58 1.07 4.20 3.92 3.57 1.22 .87 .70 .61 .545 1.157 1.832 1.604 2.016 3.483 2.268 2.320 1.963 .687 .470 .812 18.90 .63 1.29 2.11 1.85 2.10 4.02 2.53 2.67 2.19 54 1.596 21.63 .678 .505 .472 .442 .634 .861 3. 382 1.854 1.100 .684 .423 .266 .78 .56 .54 .51 .66 .99 3.77 2.14 1.23 .79 .49 .30 .942 12.76 50.5 27.9 45.8 47.2 111.4 134.1 91.6 61.7 35.5 15.6 25.6 21.4 Rainfall in inches. 50.9 10.8 36.9 28.2 14.7 30.4 97.6 279.8 84.7 37.9 18.6 36.7 20.2 47. 18.3 36.7 38.3 50.8 48.9 130.9 190.2 56.3 61.2 31.9 55.9 11.4 48.6 49.4 55. S 20.5 20.2 17.5 56.7 167.7 54.9 36.1 16.1 39.6 12.3 40.7 a Tn July, 1909, Dug Pond in La' e Cochituate drainage basin was diverted to Charles Piver, thus arti- ficially reducing the drainage area 1 square mile. Prior to Julv, 1909, the total drainage area wa square miles. b Prior to Jan. 1 1881, the diverted drainage area from which discharge wasted Into the Merrimac was 9, square miles; Jan. 1. 1881, to Mar. 6. 189*. 94 square miles; Mar. 7, 1898, to June 30, 1909, 212 square miles; July 1 1909, to Sept. 30, 1915. 211 square miles. c Prior to Jan. I, 1881, the net drainage area was 4,567 square miles; Jan. 1. 1881, to Mar. 6, 1898, L570 square miles; Mar. 7, 1898, to Sept. 30, 1915, 4,452 square miles. 272 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1 915— Continued . Month. 1883-84. October November December , January February March April May June July August September The year 1884-85. October November December January February March April May June July August September The year 1885-86. October November December January February March April May June July August September The year 1886-87. October November December January February March April May June July August September The year Mean discharge in second-feet. Measured at Lawrence (total drainage area, 4,663 square miles). 1,975 2,868 2,355 4,662 9,609 15, 742 26, 199 11,922 4,091 2,293 2,118 1,949 7,149 - 1, 832 2,391 4,716 5,317 4,428 3,543 18,323 8,548 4,222 2,850 5,445 2,891 5,376 3,425 9,186 6,982 13,200 17,991 12,033 22, 774 6,821 3,267 2,275 l'986 8,494 2,154 7,032 5,969 7,822 13,217 8,424 22,189 13,814 8,193 6,674 8,566 4,197 9,021 Wasting into Mer- rimack River from diverted drainage basins. 2 2 2 6 224 481 352 109 12 10 11 2 101 2 5 46 122 141 169 194 150 32 4 2 2 72 2 100 147 133 634 239 240 67 5 3 2 2 2 2 45 311 314 341 310 99 29 125 From net drainage 1,973 2,866 2,353 4,656 9,385 15,261 25,847 11,813 4,079 2,283 2,107 1,947 7,048 1,830 2,386 4,670 5,195 4,287 3,374 18, 194 8,398 4,190 2,846 5,443 2,889 5,304 3,423 9,086 6,835 13,067 17,357 11,794 22,534 6,754 3,262 2,272 1,987 1,984 8,363 2,152 7,030 5,924 7,511 12,903 8,083 21,879 13,715 8,164 6,665 8,528 4,195 Per square mile of net drainage 0.432 .627 .515 1.019 2.054 3.339 5. 656 2.585 .893 .500 .461 .426 1.542 .400 .522 1.022 1.137 .938 .738 3.967 1.838 .917 .623 1.191 .632 1.161 .749 1.988 1.496 2.859 3.798 2.581 4.931 1.478 .714 .497 .435 .434 1.830 .471 1.538 1.296 1.644 2.823 1.769 4.788 3,001 1.786 1.458 1.866 .918 1.947 Run-off. Depth in inches on drainage 0.50 .70 .59 1.17 2.22 3.85 6.31 2.98 1.00 .58 .53 .47 20.90 .58 1.18 1.31 .98 .85 4.43 2.12 1.02 .72 1.37 .70 15.72 2.22 1.72 3.30 3.95 2.98 5.50 1.70 .80 .57 .50 24.58 .54 1.72 1.49 1. 89 2.94 2.04 5.34 3.46 1.99 1.68 2.15 1.03 26.27 Per cent of rainfall. 10.7 32.2 20.5 28.6 41.1 82.6 178.3 85.1 47.4 16.7 12.6 51.7 50.2 18.6 18.1 25.3 26.5 26.7 64.5 153.1 75.7 30.1 21.6 18.9 45.2 37. ! 21.2 39.9 52.4 58.2 73.5 94.2 269.7 54.4 39.0 16.7 14.6 12.6 54.6 17.8 34.8 34.8 38.5 58.0 49.2 146.7 172.1 53.4 29.4 34.3 67.4 53.3 Rainfall in inches. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 273 Monthly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years' ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued . Mean discharge in second-feet. Run-off. Month. Measured at Lawrence (total drainage area, 4,663 square miles). Wasting into Mer- rimack River from diverted drainage basins. From net drainage area. Per square mile of net drainage area. Depth in inches on drainage area. | Per cent of rainfall. Rainfall in inches. 1887-8S. 3,122 4,418 6,138 6,417 8,480 10,273 24,905 20, 921 5,639 2,512 2,645 7,135 2 2 30 73 171 367 330 176 26 7 7 97 3,120 4,416 6,108 6,344 8,309 9,906 24, 575 20, 745 5,613 2,505 2,638 7,038 0.682 .966 1.337 1.388 1.818 2.168 5.377 4.539 1.228 .548 .577 • 1.540 0.79 1.08 1.54 1.60 1.96 2.50 6.00 5.23 1.37 .63 .66 1.72 35.1 31.7 37.0 37.1 47.9 44.5 195.5 128.6 52.3 34.5 14.1 20.3 fc 2.24 3.40 4.16 4.31 4.09 5.62 3.07 May... 4.07 2.62 Julv.. .. 1.83 4.71 8.47 8,550 107 8,443 1.848 25.08 51.6 48.59 1888-89. October 12, 368 13,528 14,920 12,295 6,271 11.037 11,142 6,623 5,390 3,609 5,182 3,498 229 329 383 328 124 138 137 56 69 35 214 72 12, 139 13, 199 14, 537 11,967 6,147 10, 899 11,005 6,567 5,321 3,574 4,968 3,426 2.656 2.888 3.181 2.619 1.345 2.385 2.408 1.437 1.167 .782 1.087 .750 3.06 3.22 3.67 3.02 1.40 2.75 2.69 1.66 1.30 .90 1.25 .84 . 52.3 54.7 89.0 61.0 75.3 121.1 91.7 54.0 40.8 13.8 44.4 20.3 5.85 5.89 4.12 4.95 1.86 March 2.27 2.93 May 3.07 June 3.18 July 6.51 2.82 September 4.12 The year 8,822 176 8,646 1.892 25.76 54.2 47.57 1889-90. 5,711 8,976 13, 125 6,955 7,721 15,667 17,244 14,285 7,881 3,161 3,406 8,397 137 184 276 135 155 469 208 137 38 3 2 20 5,574 8,792 12,849 6,820 7,566 15, 198 17,036 14,148 7,843 3,158 3,404 8,377 1.220 1.924 2.812 1.492 1.656 3.326 3.728 3.096 1.716 .691 .745 1.833 1.41 2.15 3.24 1.72 1.72 3.83 4.16 3.57 1.91 .80 .86 2.05 32.6 37.0 92.3 58.1 46.0 64.3 200.9 65.4 67.2 21.4 16.3 38.3 4.31 November 5.80 3.51 January 2.96 3.75 March 5.96 2.07 Mav 5.46 2.85 July 3.72 5.27 September 5.34 The year 9,377 147 9,230 2.020 27.42 53.8 51.00 1890-91. October 12,314 8,871 6,573 13, 298 13.499 23,616 21,519 7,347 4,542 2,895 2,460 2,544 211 106 93 395 470 577 292 30 17 3 2 3 12, 103 8,765 6,480 12,903 13,029 23,039 21,227 7,317 4,525 2,892 2,458 2,541 2.648 1.918 1.418 2.823 2.851 5.041 4.645 1.601 .990 .633 .538 .556 3.05 2.14 1.63 3.25 2.97 5.81 5.18 1.85 1.11 .73 .62 .62 39.9 134.6 38.1 50.5 70.5 113.3 183.1 83.5 32.8 18.2 19.1 33.4 7.66 November 1.59 December 4.29 January 6.44 February 4.21 March 5.13 April 2.83 Mav 2.21 June 3.37 Julv 4.00 3.25 September 1.86 The year 9,956 183 9,773 2.139 28.96 61.8 46.84 40966°— wsp 415—16 18 274 SUEFACE WATEKS OP MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 80 1 1880-1915— Continued. Mean discharge in second-feet. Run-off. Month Measured at Lawrence (total drainage area, 4,663 square miles). Wasting into Mer- rimack River from diverted drainage basins. From net drainage area. Per square mile of net drainage area. Depth in inches on drainage area. Per cent of rainfall. Rainfall in inches. 1891-92. October 2,137 2,469 4,113 8,524 4,302 7,330 8,150 10,233 5,819 4,757 4,807 3,944 3 3 3 132 76 192 43 109 6 2 3 2 2,134 2,466 4,110 8,392 4,226 7,138 8,107 10, 124 5,813 4,755 4,804 3,942 0.467 .540 .899 1.836 .925 1.562 1.774 2.215 1.272 1.040 1.051 .863 0.54 .60 1.04 2.12 1.00 1.80 1.98 2.55 1.42 1.20 1.21 .96 17.4 25.4 26.3 46.2 44.1 67.2 271.1 45.2 32.9 , 44.8 18.9 43.2 3.09- November 2.37 3.94 4.58 2.27 2.68 April .73 May 5.65 4.32 July 2.68 6.40 September 2.23 5,549 48 5,501 1.204 16.42 40.1 40.94 1892-93. 2,135 6,494 3,931 2,949 4,995 10, 723 15,563 19,504 4,404 2,389 2,582 2,782 2 6 4 3 56 300 213 303 5 2 3 3 ,2,133 6,488 3,927 2,946 4,939 10, 423 15,350 19,201 4,399 2,387 2,579 2,779 .467 1.420 .859 .645 1.081 2.281 3.359 4.202 .963 .522 .564 .608 .54 1.58 .99 .74 1.12 2.63 3.75 4.84 1.07 .60 .65 .68 40.8 31.7 101.1 31.1 18.5 93.6 139.8 87.4 40.1 27.8 12.7 33.3 1.32 5.00 December .98 2.39 6.08 2.81 2.68 May 5.54 2.68 July 2.17 5.14 September 2.04 6,538 75 6,463 1.414 19.19 49.4 38.83 1893-94. ct ob er 3,614 3,366 5,330 3,022 4,274 14,375 11,085 6,992 6,033 2,278 1,695 1,831 2 2 2 2 8 140 111 21 15 2 2 2 3,612 3,364 5,328 3,020 4,266 14,235 10,974 6,971 6,018 2,276 1,693 1,829 .790 .736 1.166 .661 .933 3.115 2.401 1.525 1.317 .498 .370 .400 .91 .82 1.34 .76 .97 3.59 2.68 1.76 1.47 .57 .43 .45 20.7 42.3 31.4 28.2 33.5 280.6 113.5 42.6 87.5 20.1 22.4 13.6 4.40 1.94 December 4.28 2.70 February , 2.90 1.28 2.36 4.13 1.68 July . 2.86 1.91 3.28 5,324 2.254 3,549 3,033 2,887 2,319 5,857 19,840 6,233 3,038 2,583 2,180 1,673 26 5,298 1.159 15.75 46.7 33.72 1894-95. 2 23 11 27 3 108 237 18 3 2 2 2 2,252 3,526 3,022 2,860 2,316 5,749 19,603 6,215 3,035 2,581 2,178 1,671 .493 .772 .661 .626 .507 1.258 4.289 1.360 .664 .565 .477 .366 .57 .86 .76 .72 .53 1.45 4.79 1.57 .74 .65 .55 .41 15.1 32.6 26.6 24.0 68.6 65.0 96.9 71.6 25.9 16.4 16.0 15.2 3.76 2.64 2.87 3.01 .90 2.23 4.94 2.19 2.86 July 3.97 3.43 2.68 4,621 36 4,585 1.005 13.60 38.3 35.48 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN 275 Monthly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1880-1915— Continued . Mean discharge in second-feet. Run-off. Month. Measured at Lawrence (total drainage area, 4,663 square miles). Wasting into Mer- rimack River from diverted drainage basins. From net drainage area. Per square mile of net drainage area. Depth in inches on drainage area. Per cent of rainfall. Rainfall in inches. 1895-96. October 4,010 9,558 9,404 6,546 9,109 21,054 18,234 4,438 3,518 2,042 2,019 3,122 66 205 150 61 239 445 105 2 2 2 2 2 3,944 9,353 9,254 6,485 8,870 20, 609 18, 129 4,436 3,516 2,040 2,017 3,120 0.863 2.047 2.025 1.419 1.941 4.510 3.967 .971 .769 .446 .441 .683 0.99 2.28 2.34 1.64 2.09 5.20 4.43 1.12 .86 .51 .51 .76 017.9 36.8 67.1 104.2 39.0 79.6 351.3 47.4 37.6 16.4 16.5 11.7 5.56 6.21 3.48 1.57 February 5.37 March 6.53 April 1.26 M;tV 2.36 June 2.28 July 3.13 3.08 September 6.51 The year 7,754 107 7,647 1.673 22.73 48.0 47.34 1896-97. October 5,186 6,662 4,359 3,409 4,571 10,571 17,612 10,117 12, 708 10, 799 5,072 2,759 2 19 7 4 2 86 66 23 54 17 21 4 5,184 6,643 4,352 3,405 4,569 10,485 17,546 10,094 12, 654 10, 782 5,051 2,755 1.134 1.454 .952 .745 1.000 2.294 3.839 2.209 2.769 2.359 1.105 .603 1.31 1.62 1.10 .86 1.04 2.64 4.28 2.55 3.09 2.72 1.27 .67 34.5 51.0 72.2 24.1 39.4 72.1 177.7 53.8 50.7 39.1 37.5 32.7 3.80 3.18 1.52 3.56 2.64 3.67 April 2.41 Mav 4.73 June 6.09 July 6.95 3.40 September 2.06 7,819 25 7,794 1.705 23.15 52.6 44.01 1897-98. 2,207 5,827 10,376 7,394 7,797 18,612 15,228 10,996 6,464 2,660 3,799 2,910 4 6 38 24 312 615 466 314 158 57 346 81 2,203 5,821 10,338 7,370 7,485 17, 997 14,762 10, 682 6,306 2,603 3,453 2,829 .482 1.274 2.262 1.613 1.638 4.042 3.316 2.399 1.416 .585 .776 .636 .56 1.42 2.61 1.86 1.71 4.66 3.70 2.77 1.58 .67 .89 .71 60.4 22.5 53.0 35.2 39.8 315.0 84.3 81.9 49.1 23.9 13.8 21.4 .92 6.32 4 92 5.28 4.29 1.48 4.39 3.38 3.22 July 2 82 6.48 3.31 7,856 202 7,654 1.697 23. 14 49.4 46.81 1898-99. 6,429 9,887 8,779 7,857 4,882 11,948 26,438 9,528 2,980 2,481 2,086 1,994 323 565 449 481 289 913 809 87 12 8 7 6 6,106 9,322 8,330 7,376 4,593 11,035 25, 629 9,441 2,968 2,473 2,079 1,988 1.372 2.094 1.871 1.657 1.032 2.479 5.757 2.121 .667 .556 .467 .447 1.58 2.34 2.16 1.91 1.07 2.86 6.42 2.44 .74 .64 .54 .50 24.9 41.4 74.9 59.1 30.6 43.9 406.6 178.5 24.2 15.7 24.5 11.7 6.35 5.65 2.88 3 23 3.50 6.51 1.58 1.37 3 07 July 4.09 2.20 4 27 7,941 329 7,612 1.710 23.20 — 51.9 44.70 276 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Month. October. November. December.. January . . . February. . March April May Jurie July August September. 1899-1900. The year. October. November. December.. January . . . February. . March April May June July August September. 1900-1901. The year. October November. December.. January . . . February. . March April May June July August September. 1901-2. The year. October November. December . January February. . March April May June July August September. 1902-3. The year. Mean discharge in second-feet. Measured at Lawrence (total area, 4,663 square miles). 4,128 3,050 9,756 10,454 5,620 27, 884 17,392 10, 168 5,292 4,327 3,763 3,452 8,774 7,162 5,748 8,119 7,699 9,309 27, 675 15,587 4,365 10, 295 4,648 3,338 2,371 8, 1,789 2,792 2,797 3,360 16, 481 16,245 18, 500 10,034 3,- 957 1,818 1,876 1,513 Wasting into Mer- rimack River from diverted drainage basins. 6,764 2,517 5,849 6,783 3,381 2,452 9,510 26, 025 15, 612 7,521 2,891 4,449 2,657 ,471 12 27 28 812 926 305 307 50 7 7 7 208 45 169 31 20 324 1,238 732 147 23 46 235 From net drainage Per square mile of net drainage area. 1,783 2,780 2,770 3,332 15, 669 15,319 18, 195 9,727 3,907 1,811 1,869 1,506 5,556 2,509 5,804 6,614 3,350 2,432 9,186 24, 787 14, 880 7,374 2,868 4,403 2,617 7,236 65 139 611 359 296 ,124 472 127 268 4,063 2,911 9,145 10,095 5,324 26, 760 16, 920 10, 041 5,283 4,320 3,757 3,446 0.401 .625 .622 .748 3.520 3.441 4.087 2.185 .878 .407 .420 .338 1.473 .564 1.304 1.486 .752 .546 2.063 5.568 3.342 1.656 .644 .989 .588 Run-off. Depth in inches on drainage 0.46 .70 .72 .86 3.67 3.97 4.56 2.52 .98 .47 19.77 1.625 .913 .654 2.054 2.268 1.196 6.011 3.801 2.255 1.187 .970 .844 .774 8,506 ,911 40 29 304 202 497 826 562 6 394 52 71 13 250 | 7,122 5.719 7,815 7,497 8,812 26, 849 15,025 4,359 9,901 4,596 3,267 2,358 8,610 1.600 1.285 1.755 1.684 1.979 6.031 3.375 .979 2.224 1.032 .734 .530 1.934 .65 1.45 1.71 .87 .57 2.38 6.21 3.85 1.85 .74 1.14 Per cent of rainfall. 023.2 31.4 41.2 18.4 45.3 69.4 253.4 73.9 38.6 18.8 15.5 11.2 48.0 22. 1.05 .73 2.37 2.61 1.25 6.93 4.24 2.60 1.32 1.12 .97 26.05 1.84 1.43 2.02 1.94 2.06 6.95 3.77 1.13 2.48 1.19 .85 .59 18.6 24.6 66.9 49.0 68.6 47.3 84.3 59.3 116.3 14.7 26.5 22.8 Rainfall in inches. 32.8 35.9 31.4 110.3 34.5 129.8 94.7 98.1 40.9 28.0 21.8 18.6 54.7 26.25 36.1 140.5 35.8 58.0 54.3 119.5 143.2 137.7 29.9 33.5 24.5 31.6 57.88 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 277 Monthly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30 , 1880-191 5— Continued . Month. Mean discharge in second-feet. Measured at Lawrence (total drainage area, 4,663 square miles). Wasting into Mer- rimack River from diverted drainage basins. From net drainage Per square mile of net drainage Run-off. Depth in inches on drainage Per cent of rainfall. Rainfall in inches. October.... November. December. January... February. . March April May June July August September. 1903-4. The year. October.... November. December. January . . . February. . March April May June July August September. 1904-5. The year. October. Ncovember. December... January February. . . March April May June July August September.. 1905-6. The year. October November. December.. January... February. . March April May June July August September. 1906-7. The year. 3,709 2,998 3,720 2,642 2,944 12,318 20, 704 17, 426 4,667 2,797 2,575 2,913 6,618 2,697 1,819 3,871 2,272 10,563 16, 185 5,216 4,164 2,674 2,702 7,631 3,261 3,388 5,687 7,664 5,108 7,684 16,159 10, 140 10,114 4,951 3,314 1,885 6,613 2,451 3,167 2,558 6,400 3,054 7,799 13,141 9,124 5,351 3,341 1,927 2,965 5,106 30 39 47 41 76 214 69.3 318 142 19 25 5 138 32 104 91 13 21 5 5 37 33 23 5 16 73 65 217 174 40 44 27 17 8 3,679 2,959 3,673 2,601 2,868 12, 104 20,009 17, 108 4,525 2,778 2,550 2,908 0.826 .665 .825 .584 .644 2.719 4.494 3. 843 1.016 .624 .573 .653 0.95 .74 .95 .67 .69 3.13 5.02 4.43 1.13 .72 .66 .73 24.9 44.1 32.1 18.4 33.3 117.0 68.0 127.3 36.9 30.6 17.5 14.1 1.456 82 47. 3,631 2,689 1,814 3,805 2,240 10,459 16,094 5,203 4,143 2,669 2,697 7,594 5,253 .816 .604 .407 .855 .503 5.349 1.615 ..169 .931 .600 1.706 1.180 59 21 36 117 85 106 129 70 55 .04 3,238 3,383 5,671 7,591 5,043 7,467 15, 985 10, 100 10, 070 4,924 3,297 1,877 .727 .760 1.274 1.705 1.133 1.677 3.591 2.269 2.262 1.106 .741 .422 ), 554 2,443 3,146 2,522 6,283 2,969 7,693 13,012 9,054 5,296 3,333 1,920 2,957 5,052 1.472 .94 .67 .47 .99 .52 2.71 4.03 1.35 1.04 .69 .70 1.90 55.0 49.9 22.3 21.1 34.0 87.4 183.4 92.3 21.3 20.1 18.1 27.8 16.01 43.1 .84 .85 1.47 1.97 1.18 1.93 4.01 2.62 2.52 1.27 .85 .47 19. .549 .707 .566 1.411 .667 1.728 2.923 2.034 1.190 .749 .431 .664 135 .63 .79 .65 1.63 .69 1.99 3.26 2.35 1.33 .86 .50 .74 59.1 37.4 38.3 75.9 49.6 42.8 158.4 44.6 50.5 27.8 30.9 27.8 50. 15.42 18.9 31.5 17.2 67.0 38.4 101.7 111.7 84.7 40.0 25.1 35.0 8.7 40.4 3.82 1.68 2.96 3.67 2.09 2.68 7.38 3.48 3.07 2.35 3.77 5.15 42.10 1.71 1.35 2.11 4.67 1.54 3.10 2.20 1.46 4.87 3.44 3.85 6.84 37.14 1.42 2.27 3.84 2.59 2.38 4.52 2.53 5.87 5.00 4.59 2.76 1.69 3.35 2.50 3.80 2.43 1.81 1.96 2.92 2.77 3.32 3.44 1.42 8.48 38.20 278 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Monthly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1 915— Continued . Mean discharge in second-feet. Run-off. Month, Measured at Lawrence (total drainage area, 4,663 square miles). Wasting into Mer- rimack River from diverted drainage basins. From net drainage area. Per square mile of net drainage area. Depth in inches on drainage area. Per cent of rainfall. Rainfall in inches. 1907-8. October 6,388 13,066 9,812 8,824 7,487 11,400 11,967 11,575 4,193 2,329 2,986 1,693 8 94 120 159 152 275 159 135 45 7 14 7 6,380 12, 972 9,692 8,665 7,335 11,125 11.808 11,440 4,148 2,322 2,972 1,686 1.433 2.914 2.177 1.946 1.648 2.499 2. 652 2.570 .932 .522 .668 .379 1.65 3.25 2.51 2.244 1:777 2.881 2.959 2.963 1.040 .601 .770 .423 36.2 64.5 66.9 77.9 41.7 109.1 140.9 61.7 100.9 15.6 15.2 46.4 4.57 November 5.04 December 3.75 January 2.88 February 4.26 March 2.64 April 2.10 May 4.80 June 1.03 July 3.85 August 5.07 September .91 The year 7,643 98 7,545 1.695 23. 068 56.4 40.90 1908-9. October 1,474 1,590 1,886 3,025 7,118 7,718 15,315 8,790 4,247 1,999 1,682 1,652 7 15 16 11 161 173 159 103 26 7 7 7 1,467 1,575 1,870 3,014 6,957 7,545 15, 156 8,687 4,221 1,992 1,675 1,645 .330 .354 .420 .677 1.563 1.695 3.404 1.951 .948 .447 .376 .369 .380 .395 .484 .781 1.627 1.954 3.798 2.250 1.058 .516 .434 .412 17.0 37.6 16.6 20.2 31.8 55.5 88.5 91.1 38.1 20.3 15.1 9.4 2.24 November 1.05 December 2.91 January 3.87 February 5.12 March 3.52 April 4.29 2.47 2.78 July 2.54 August 2.88 September 4.37 4,708 58 4,650 1.044 14. 089 37.0 38.04 1909-10. October 1,886 1,745 2,265 4,759 4,493 16,311 10,986 6,751 4,876 1,786 2,042 1,771 8 19 23 117 161 236 101 32 81 13 5 5 1,878 1,726 2,242 4,642 4,332 16,075 10, 885 6,719 4,795 1,773 2,037 1,766 .422 .388 .504 1.043 .973 3.611 2.445 1.509 1.077 .398 .458 .397 .486 .433 .581 1.202 1.013 4.163 2.728 1.740 1.202 .459 .528 .443 ' 38.3 17.4 17.1 26.5 22.7 358.9 93.1 86.1 30.9 23.5 17.1 14.7 1.27 November 2.49 December 3.39 4.53 February 4.47 March 1.16 April 2.93 May 2.02 June 3.89 July :.... 1.95 August 3.09 3.02 4,973 67 4, 906 1.102 14. 978 43.8 34.21 1910-11. October 1,341 2,053 1,511 2,814 2,164 5,584 13,591 6,064 2,462 1,190 1,467 1,942 6 18 21 36 17 30 34 9 7 6 6 5 1,335 2,035 1,490 2,778 2,147 5,554 13,557 6,055 2,455 1,184 1,461 1,937 .300 .457 .335 .6,24 .482 1.248 3.0 5 1.360 .551 .266 .328 .435 .346 .510 .386 .719 .502 1.438 3.397 1.568 .615 .307 .378 .485 23.4 15.4 16.6 29.7 19.5 40.9 182.7 127. 5 23.5 8.2 • 8.2 15.0 1.48 November 3.31 December 2.33 January 2.42 February 2.58 March 3.52 April 1.86 May 1.23 June 2.62 July". 3.73 August 4.64 September 3.24 The year 3,515 16 3,499 .786 10.651 32.3 32.96 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN". 279 Monthly discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued . Mean discharge in second-feet. Run-off. Month, Measured at Lawrence (total drainage area, 4,663 square miles). Wasting into Mer- rimack River from diverted drainage basins. From net drainage area. Per square mile of net drainage area. Depth in inches on drainage area. Per cent of rainfall. Rainfall in inches. 1911-12. October 4,095 4,687 5,752 3,594 3,196 12, 601 19,454 10,461 5,832 1.838 2,230 2,162 6 19 34 22 51 255 208 236 26 5 7 5 4,089 4,668 5,718 3,572 3,145 12 346 19,246 10, 225 5,806 1.833 2,223 2,157 0.918 1.049 1.284 .802 .706 2.773 4.323 2.297 1.304 .412 .499 .485 1.059 1.170 1.481 .925 .762 3.197 4.823 2.648 1.455 .475 .576 .541 25.8 32.1 47.6 34.3 34.3 60.1 135.5 52.4 220.5 13.8 16.9 19.1 4.11 3.65 December 3.11 January 2.70 February 2.22 March 5.32 April 3.56 May 5.05 June .66 July 3.45 August 3.40 September 2.83 The year 6,325 73 6,252 1.404 19. 112 47.7 40.06 1912-13. October 3,268 5,533 4,790 8,007 4,465 15,204 11,309 6,496 4,032 1,757' 1,372 1,735 6 15 32 106 70 190 223 76 28 8 10 11 3,262 5,518 4,758 7,901 4,395 15,014 11,086 6,420 4,004 1,749 1,362 1,724 .733 1.239 1.069 1.775 .987 3.372 2.490 1.442 .899 .393 .306 .387 .845 1.383 1.232 2.046 1.028 3.888 2.778 1.663 1.003 .453 .353 .432 31.2 39.6 29.3 73.3 40.3 73.2 86.8 43.2 90.4 18.6 11.5 12.9 2.71 November 3.49 December 4.20 January 2.79 February 2.55 March 5.31 April 3.20 May 3.85 June 1.11 July 2.44 August 3.07 September 3.36 The year 5,664 65 5,599 1.258 17. 104 45.0 38.08 1913-14. October 3,552 4,352 4,735 3,381 4,424 14,722 22,356 12,996 3,292 2,505 1.946 1,991 30 45 79 115 157 275 300 175 11 17 16 8 3,522 4,307 4,656 3,266 4,267 14,447 22,056 12, 821 3,281 2,488 1,930 1,983 .791 .967 1.046 .734 .958 3.245 4.954 2.880 .737 .559 .434 .445 .912 1.079 1.206 .846 .998 3.741 5.527 3.320 .822 .644 .500 .496 15.7 46.5 42.0 28.4 35.6 84.4 105.3 143.7 39.1 18.7 12.1 127.2 5.81 November 2.32 2.87 January 2.98 2.80 March 4.43 5.25 May 2.31 2. 10 July 3.45 August 4.12 September .39 The year 6,688 102 6,586 1.479 20.091 51.7 38.83 1914-15. October 1,358 1,614 1,976 4,972 7,974 6,678 7.987 5,039 2.189 8.158 9.303 2.936 8 28 31 162 218 65 26 25 10 98 113 18 1,350 1,586 1,945 4.810 7,756 6.613 7.961 5,014 2.179 8,060 9.190 2,918 .303 .356 .437 1.080 1.742 1.485 1.788 1.126 .489 1.810 2.064 .655 .349 .397 .504 1.245 1.814 1.712 1.995 1.298 .546 2.087 2.379 .731 23.7 15.3 16.9 25.1 51.0 2.140.0 89.5 81.6 22.7 21.6 38.9 55.4 1 17 November 2.60 December 2.99 January 4.96 February 3.56 March 08 April 2 23 May 1.59 June 2.41 Julv 9 62 August 6 12 September 1.32 The year 5.015 67 4.948 1.110 15. 057 38.7 3S. 95 Note.— Estimates of discharge wasted from diverted drainage area based on data furnished by the Metro- politan Water and Sewerage Board of Boston. 280 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Days of deficiency in discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915. Dis- Theo- retical horse- power per foot of fall. Days of deficiency in discharge. charge in second- feet. o °p 00 00 & 00 oo 00 OO CO S 00 00 00 1 8 * 00 5 1 OO oo So oo OS s s o 2 00 00 1 00 50 5.7 11.4 22.7 45.5 68.2 90.9 114 170 227 284 341 398 455 511 568 625 682 738 795 852 909 966 1,020 1,140 1,360 1,820 2,270 2,840 3,410 4.550 5 5 7 9 16 23 27 42 72 137 198 234 257 274 287 293 297 306 313 320 323 330 334 336 342 351 355 360 363 365 1 2 4 9 15 20 21 27 43 124 165 187 203 228 237 241 247 253 258 265 268 272 274 279 302 321 330 345 355 362 366 100 2 2 4 6 6 8 16 19 46 123 151 173 191 206 224 238 251 259 274 285 298 305 318 329 344 358 363 366 4 4 6 7 9 15 24 43 88 154 198 214 225 235 245 249 256 263 265 270 275 278 289 304 318 345 358 365 ..... 4 9 11 13 19 63 90 106 119 139 160 176 188 207 213 228 241 254 262 279 302 335 352 360 363 365 l l 2 3 3 3 5 9 30 37 55 76 108 144 158 174 184 192 207 216 227 238 251 283 317 328 347 356 364 365 200 3 6 9 10 11 14 40 93 125 161 203 233 248 271 282 288 297 304 311 317 319 323 330 338 353 365 2 6 10 13 14 19 27 79 111 132 143 156 165 177 194 209 220 235 242 248 259 269 289 313 325 346 354 363 365 1 3 8 11 13 15 26 32 80 121 155 189 204 217 230 239 245 249 254 256 261 266 280 298 309 345 356 366 400 1 1 1 5 9 14 40 55 69 88 107 118 132 142 154 163 170 181 191 222 290 336 351 361 363 365 600 800 1.000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500 6,000 6,500 7,000 7,500 8,000 8,500 9,000 10,000 12, 000 16, 000 20, 000 25, 000 30,000 40, 000 1 5 7 7 12 31 41 54 63 81 95 113 129 142 157 166 173 194 207 226 258 315 335 364 365 1 5 8 8 11 42 64 85 105 111 133 148 156 171 182 198 210 216 220 234 255 297 312 336 .353 364 50,000 5,680 70,000 6,820 90,000 7«sn 365 MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 281 Days of deficiency in discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Dis- Theo- retical horse- power per foot of fall. Days of deficiency in discharge. charge in second- feet. 00 OO 00 OO CO OS lO OO CO OS OO 98 OO 3 00 OS s O 50 5.7 11.4 22.7 45.5 68.2 90.9 114 170 227 284 341 398 455 511 568 625 682 738 795 852 909 966 1,020 1,140 1,360 1.820 2 270 2.840 3.410 4,550 5.680 2 6 11 19 24 26 30 44 78 154 192 206 224 231 234 239 244 249 252 257 263 265 268 274 296 325 341 352 357 362 364 365 100 2 3 8 13 15 19 29 70 121 191 238 261 282 290 296 303 310 317 319 325 331 335 342 347 351 355 357 359 362 363 365 2 2 6 10 12 12 14 30 70 101 116 137 149 158 169 185 203 225 234 240 247 257 275 300 327 339 350 353 365 200 4 10 12 13 14 32 60 102 153 187 208 225 239 249 257 269 274 280 286 294 299 314 334 348 358 363 365 1 5 7 10 10 18 37 77 111 133 152 168 187 200 214 223 235 244 252 256 260 271 291 325 338 352 362 363 364 365 366 3' 12 25 57 83 105 127 154 176 188 203 215 223 235 245 250 273 302 331 348 359 361 363 365 1 4 5 5 5 8 21 39 77 97 114 123 137 161 176 191 207 223 235 247 257 277 306 331 344 349 358 365 400 600 800 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500 6.000 6.500 7.000 7,500 8,000 8,500 9.000 10. 000 12.000 16. 000 20. 000 25.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 2 8 12 12 15 21 69 109 140 172 193 219 239 256 263 275 286 293 300 303 317 337 355 360 366 6 8 11 14 20 43 76 129 168 200 234 247 254 262 265 272 274 276 278 279 286 293 328 350 358 360 364 365 3 4 8 11 14 29 66 121 161 182 211 226 233 242 247 253 257 264 265 1 268 279 289 321 338 348 356 362 363 365 " i 2 2 7 12 27 62 88 118 145 173 197 213 225 236 244 254 257 260 267 283 311 326 342 351 360 362 70.000 6.820 365 90,000 7.950 1 ' 282 SURFACE WATERS OE MASSACHUSETTS. Days of deficiency in discharge of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass., during the years ending Sept. 30, 1880-1915— Continued. Dis- charge in second- feet. Theo- reti- cal horse- power per foot of fall. Days of deficiency in discharge. CO ci, o OS o OS o OS | 00 OS 1— t 3 OS I .OS 2 OS r-l OS 3 OS 2 OS 10 -*< 5? 50 5.7 11.4 22.7 45.5 68.2 90.9 114 170 227 284 341 398 455* 511 568 625 682 738 795 852 909 966 1,020 1,140 1,360 1,820 2.270 2.840 3,410 4.550 100 1 4 4 4 5 6 12 21 49 73 104 139 165 189 207 221 238 247 260 270 280 289 305 320. 344 356 359 . 362 365 5" 10 17 20 22 33 53 83 134 196 217 235 254 264 269 275 281 285 290 295 300 311 330 358 362 364 365 3 5 9 12 12 14 20 39 54 90 103 121 131 140 155 170 184 200 211 223 232 241 262 292 335 354 364 365 366 4 19 29 31 33 34 61 111 187 208 216 231 244 252 266 276 287 291 296 301 302 308 315 334 350 360 362 363 365 1 13 24 25 26 26 47 93 166 199 211 222 234 249 269 279 284 286 293 297 301 302 306 330 344 355 362 365 5 23 28 35 40 50 97 165 219 255 285 292 297 307 312 315 319 322 323 326 326 328 329 335 356 364 365 ...... 15 18 19 20 29 43 84 134 165 188 209 235 250 257 261 267 272 275 280 282 291 313 332 344 356 365 366 1 10 17 20 22 23 41 • 81 111 137 154 171 188 206 223 240 258 271 283 288 297 302 320 332 347 354 359 362 365 ...... 9 ' 14 17 17 29 48 93 129 160 194 218 234 252 260 267 270 279 281 287 293 298 305 312 337 350 361 365 1 200 3 8 17 17 18 28 51 89 164 197 226 248 262 272 284 297 308 315 318 321 325 330 338 343 352 355 358 361 365 12 400 600 800 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4 , 000 4,500 5,000 5,500 6,000 6,500 7,000 7,500 8,000 8.500 9.000 10, 000 12, 000 16, 000 20, 000 25000 30. 000 40, 000 3 4 5 5 5 13 29 56 80 102 126 141 168 180 196 209 225 238 249 256 272 290 309 326 344 353 363 365 8 10 11 13 21 47 78 141 191 215 238 243 256 266 273 277 279 284 287 290 295 304 326 341 353 357 364 366 13 18 20 29 36 89 115 154 171 188 208 230 253 263 280 294 302 310 318 322 331 342 354 357 361 364 365 50,000 '5,680 70,000 6,820 90,000 7 950 1 r Note. — The above table gives the theoretical horsepower per foot fall that may be developed at different rates of discharge, and shows the number of days on which the discharge and corresponding horsepower were respectively less than the amounts given in the columns for discharge and horsepower. In using this table, allowance should be made for the various losses, the principal ones being the wheel loss, which may be as large as 20 per cent, and the head loss, which may be as large as 5 per cent. MEEEIMACK KIVEE, BASIN. 283 SOUTH BRANCH OF NASHUA RIVER (WACHUSETT DRAINAGE BASIN) NEAR CLINTON, MASS. Location. — At Wachusett dam near Clinton. Drainage area. — The area of the basin has been artificially changed at times in connection with changes in the water-supply systems of the Metropolitan dis- trict. From 1896 to 1907, 119 square miles; 1908 to 1913, 118.19 square miles; 1914 to 1915, 108.84 square miles. Records available. — July, 1896, to September, 1915. Determination of discharge. — South Branch of Nashua River has been utilized in the water-supply development for the Metropolitan district of Boston. The flow is affected by storage in Wachusett Reservoir (PI. XI) and several ponds. Investigations of the water supply have been made by the Metropolitan Water Board since July, 1896. Beginning with 1897 estimates of discharge have been corrected for gain or loss in the reservoir and ponds, so that the record shows approximately the natural flow of the stream. The yield per square mile is the yield of the drainage area, including the water surfaces. For the years 1897 to 1902, inclusive, the water surface formed 2.2 per cent of the total area; 1903, 2.4 per cent; 1904, 3.6 per cent; 1905, 4.1 per cent; 1906, 5.1 per cent; 1907, 6 per cent; 1908-1915, 7 per cent. Cooperation. — Complete record for the calendar years furnished by the Metropoli- tan Water Board of Boston; changed to climatic year by engineers of the Geo- logical Survey. Yield, in second-feet, per square mile of South Branch of Nashua River 1 {Wachusett drainage basin) near Clinton, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1896-1915. Year. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Mean. 1896 1 0.519 0.467 0.707 1896-97.. 'i'228' "i.'iio" "l447 ; i. 232 1.440 Tiro" 2.525 "i.'soo" "i.*828" 2.231 1.386 .588 "i.*787 1897-98.. .377 1.984 3.521 2.418 2.530 4.778 3.137 2.151 1.281 .514 2.049 1.045 2.149 1898-99.. 2.334 3.358 3.189 3.236 1.687 4.295 5.224 1.334 .869 .548 .365 .387 2.238 1899-1900 .379 .665 '.555 1.232 6.271 5.759 2.444 2.139 .894 .336 .304 .197 1.735 1900-1901 .437 1.354 2.429 .803 .551 4.205 7.711 4.222 1.525 .738 .792 .495 2.111 1901-2... 1.001 .799 5.002 2.579 2.168 6.176 3.341 1.595 .635 .452 .459 .372 2.056 1902-3... 1.471 .982 2.859 1.957 3.300 5.297 3.463 .880 3.297 .966 .734 .580 2.140 1903-4... 1.065 .981 1.476 1.020 1.434 4.653 4.617 2.317 1.179 .769 .549 .764 1.735 1904-5... .538 .530 .680 1.959 .700 4.648 2.502 .688 .838 .565 .497 1.900 1.341 1905-6... .567 .684 1.575 1.751 1.588 2.878 3.263 2.371 1.831 1.127 .915 .428 1.582 1906-7... .820 1.160 1.229 2.257 1.070 2.626 2.221 1.494 1.196 .518 .135 1.254 1.332 1907-8... 2.138 3.930 3.035 2.689 2.685 3.391 1.964 2.188 .624 .341 .685 .136 1.989 1908-9... .245 .194 .599 .916 3.955 3.294 3.748 1.876 .977 .361 .299 .321 1.379 1909-10.. .139 .561 .831 2.857 2.854 4.084 1.600 .941 1.274 .096 .288 .224 1.304 1910-11.. .106 .548 .605 1.196 .967 2.072 2.155 .713 .543 .087 .291 .281 .795 1911-12. . 1.111 1.601 1.650 1.208 1.434 4.380 3.530 2.780 .512 .208 .194 .138 1.564 1912-13.. .224 .683 1.227 2.188 1.342 3.501 3.224 1.607 .433 .030 .092 .338 1.241 1913-14.. 1.049 1.021 1.478 1.532 1.827 4.853 4.012 2.629 .491 .510 .404 -.018 1.652 1914-15.. .211 .326 .576 3.190 3.034 .885 1.443 .704 .353 1.676 2.564 .244 1.260 1 See statement in station description. Note.— Figures for 1896 have not been corrected for loss and gain by storage in ponds and reservoirs. 284 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. Summary of yield and rainfall in South Branch of Nashua River (Wachusett drainage basin) for the years ending Sept. 30, 1897-1915. [Drainage area, 108.84 l square miles.] Month. October. November . December. . January . . . February . . March April May June July August September . 1897-1915. Theyear 805,872 Yield. Total in million gal- lons. 668.5 056.5 064.9 ,014. 2 831.7 840.7 084.5 080.0 426.4 323.5 114.8 367.1 Per square mile. Million gal- lons per day. 0.525 .775 1.155 1.233 1.388 2.587 2.113 1.171 .700 .411 .439 .328 Second-feet, 0.812 1.199 1.787 1.907 2.148 4.002 3.268 1.812 1.083 .635 .678 .508 1.652 Average depth in inches on drainage area. 0.936 1.338 2.060 2.198 2.249 4.614 3.648 2.089 1.208 .732 .782 .567 22. 421 Per cent of rainfall. 26.9 39.5 50.4 58.2 60.8 111.1 95.5 62.2 34.2 17.6 18.1 16.2 49.5 Average rainfall in inches. 3.483 3.388 4.086 3.779 3.702 4.153 3.821 3.360 3.533 4.165 4.316 3.494 45. 280 1 Used as basis of computations in table, mary represent average quantities. See "Drainage area " in station description. Figures in sum- CONCORD RIVER AT LOWELL, MASS. Square miles. ... 376. 5 ... ^OLS Location. — At Lawrence Street Bridge in the city of Lowell. Drainage area: Total of Concord River above Lowell Net drainage area, excluding diversions Records available. — January 1, 1901, to September 30, 1915. Gages. — Staff gages on east bank above dam and on west bank above head gates. Discharge measurements. — Mill use determined from water-wheel ratings checked by current-meter measurements. Water wasting over dam computed from Weir formula with some corrections for depth. Channel and control. — Control formed by crest of dam and head gates to canal. Channel of river about 100 feet wide from Lawrence Street bridge to North Bil- lerica, 4 miles. Pondage drawn on but little. Extremes op discharge. — Maximum flow, 1901-1915, occurred March 3, 1902; approximate discharge,. 4,148 second-feet. Minimum flow occurred August 27-31, 1907; discharge, 11 second-feet, through water wheels. Winter flow. — Not affected by ice. Diversions. — 75.2 square miles above dam No. 1 of Boston Water Works, and includ- ing Farm Pond, diverted from the upper part of Sudbury River for municipal supply for city of Boston. Only waste water from this area reaches the Concord River. Regulation.— Distribution of flow somewhat affected by operation of mills between North Billerica and Lowell. Accuracy. — Records considered fair. Cooperation.— Records furnished by Arthur T. Safford, hydraulic engineer, for the owners of the water power taken from Wamesit Canal. i Occasional waste water reaches the river from diverted area above dam No. 1. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 285 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Concord River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1901-1915. Day. 1901. 1901-2. Oct. Nov. Dec. 233 233 251 239 277 a 26.5 252 251 263 239 239 278 a 268 259 320 387 473 495 517 a 479 440 407 394 373 332 324 a 288 252 276 277 277 277 277 a 271 265 246 253 265 277 278 a 272 267 256 279 267 266 280 a 273 267 269 266 269 267 278 a 340 402 490 558 a 535 511 485 a 464 444 434 215 302 314 380 a 357 333 392 514 602 640 a 880 1,120 1,033 1,020 960 958 901 ol,024 1,147 1,264 "1,178 1,092 962 890 al,l75 1,460 1,770 Jan. 355 359 349 339 365 a 319 273 293 287 280 294 a 278 262 287 287 294 306 294 a 287 279 295 260 291 291 301 a 285 269 260 259 272 1,868 1,840 1,859 1,735 al, 578 1,420 1,226 1, 053 932 741 766 a 688 610 523 532 545 567 612 a 544 475 661 826 922 910 a 969 1,028 983 868 851 870 Feb. 278 279 a 258 237 173 173 115 115 115 a 144 173 130 130 145 159 Mar. 193 227 a 242 256 391 407 378 392 a 533 675 1,130 1,520 1,709 1,647 231 ! 1,623 a 231 al j 354 231 224 239 239 244 256 a 237 217 199 201 194 976 843 901 856 a 892 927 1,045 1,224 1,414 1,426 1,371 al,303 1,946 831 a3,047 836 841 782 810 746 725 4,148 3,908 3,316 2,885 2,929 2.704 a 602 a2,463 479 I 2,222 459 418 393 380 364 Apr. 1,235 1,182 1,192 1,296 1,516 1,751 a2, 080 2,408 2,914 3,062 2,613 «2,313 2,012 1,774 1,643 1, 559 1,395 1,367 al,339 1,310 1,219 1,292 1,495 1,960 2,258 a2, 264 2,271 2,019 May. 1,902 1,703 1,738 1,608 al, 562 1,516 1,350 1,260 1,159 1,094 2, 892 1, 126 2.703 al 132 1,205 1,185 1,147 941 765 a 703 641 625 1,186 1,436 2, 048 1, 636 2,179 1,656 2,206 al,645 2, 205 1, 634 2, 165 1, 507 a 288 a2,l( 212 241 280 280 283 283 a 293 304 308 396 640 950 2,165 2,217 2,004 1,926 1,836 1,687 al, 634 1,581 1,502 1,415 1,260 1,170 1,219 al,211 1 1,203 1,412 1,283 1,161 al,043 a 924 745 696 574 590 635 a 597 559 534 584 1,138 1,141 1,131 1,047 989 936 al, 028 1,120 1,427 1,635 1, 703 1,644 1,564 al,6l9 1,674 1,780 June. 2,030 al,884 1,738 1,625 1,483 1,329 1,225 1,120 a 973 825 771 686 661 623 556 a 508 459 437 391 358 360 325 a 324 322 334 337 306 300 1,893 282 2,050 a 262 2,084 588 a 347 609 332 654 305 a 661 305 669 301 588 303 644 303 670 a 286 639 269 584 259 a 552 275 519 231 441 206 406 213 375 a 212 365 212 363 189 a 319 195 274 200 270 200 282 221 312 a 211 312 201 288 194 a 293 188 297 195 403 195 380 201 398 a 198 377 195 a 362 July. 241 272 276 a 252 227 253 a 237 222 230 230 260 262 277 a 241 206 194 249 259 253 277 a 260 243 242 212 253 248 275 a 282 288 319 371 188 182 182 a 179 a 175 a 172 169 138 138 138 138 139 a 139 139 125 114 74 74 74 a 100 126 176 189 206 243 212 a 228 215 189 189 Aug. 390 379 386 a 370 355 320 306 325 324 363 a 337 311 310 277 292 277 308 a 263 218 229 232 204 204 166 a 260 Z60 228 286 235 318 235 370 265 370 a 256 343 247 378 175 a 117 189 120 a 185 110 180 99 159 127 136 126 184 a 138 187 151 183 151 a 200 164 217 164 249 164 241 196 268 a 180 306 164 316 176 a 280 188 243 181 201 181 217 208 206 a 216 192 224 206 252 a 197 245 187 231 163 225 175 224 175 a 238 125 252 110 252 oll3 o Discharge interpolated. 286 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Concord River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept: 30, 1901-1915— Continued. Day. 1902-3. Oct. 1903-4. 293 315 322 334 a 333 331 307 304 340 340 350 a 348 346 365 352 311 330 361 a 337 312 265 263 365 281 a 272 264 342 381 444 530 135 136 99 a 118 136 136 129 158 159 161 a 187 212 245 299 312 311 275 a 347 417 450 404 406 383 a 375 357 344 336 328 350 325 Nov. 791 a 640 490 472 400 401 361 382 a 351 320 324 302 298 312 343 a 325 307 302 303 330 a312 294 276 302 a 315 328 355 a 337 a 314 303 273 273 273 273 284 a 278 273 272 238 244 249 a 252 239 224 330 370 394 a 379 358 357 360 o337 316 316 o310 Dec. 319 307 298 337 414 a 412 410 393 360 357 337 399 a 326 253 318 402 447 510 608 1,180 1,204 1,194 ol, 189 1,184 1,162 ol, 160 1,157 1,187 1,099 234 253 267 239 244 a 247 251 260 235 326 334 o329 a 323 318 333 372 354 333 331 o343 355 433 418 433 a 409 a 384 a 360 336 329 325 317 Jan. 1,050 992 958 al,061 1,159 1,071 1,009 974 903 a 904 904 852 746 651 575 536 a 516 486 484 624 704 678 719 a 666 618 580 611 583 690 794 309 298 a267 237 237 237 237- 237 237 o212 187 187 187 214 243 240 a 241 241 239 239 215 237 239 a 239 239 231 237 239 239 226 o233 Feb. a 780 778 880 915 1,139 1,159 ol, 331 1,114 1,119 1,178 1,221 1,277 1,247 al,195 1,123 980 862 777 870 a 919 908 765 703 702 239 238 239 238 238 a 232 238 238 207 203 208 213 213 213 212 212 212 212 196 a 217 239 263 341 467 414 379 o423 Mar. ol, 117 1,451 1,668 1,694 1,650 1,615 1,431 ol, 330 1,254 1,343 1,488 1,693 1,707 1,683 ol, 576 1,457 1, 335 1,225 1,196 1,129 1,116 ol, 116 1,121 1,200 1,235 1,724 1,837 1, 793 ol, 723 1,638 1,581 447 443 420 472 502 o475 447 668 827 1,098 1,322 1,362 ol, 319 1,277 1,171 1,111 987 879 665 o768 872 989 1,117 1,136 1,271 1,441 ol, 465 1,490 1,439 1,338 1,233 Apr. 1,622 1,627 1,718 1,654 ol, 533 1,418 1,345 1, 307 1,397 1,428 1,475 ol, 506 1,536 1,470 1,410 1,333 1, 273 1,252 ol, 247 ol, 243 1,227 1,112 1,050 953 1,001 a 875 732 700 635 604 1,151 1,186 ol, 190 1,195 1,155 993 982 958 ol, 080 1,203 1,360 1,405 1,338 1,285 1,172 ol, 107 1,042 o971 900 766 713 692 o639 585 511 478 698 1,344 1,959 May. 529 524 450 395 376 376 371 382 o382 370 360 363 349 332 345 o323 296 305 305 292 274 283 a 285 262 237 237 237 271 o259 a 247 o2, 410 2,861 2,6^6 2,463 2,174 1,930 1,700 ol,480 1,259 1,151 1,067 1,050 986 932 o841 750 711 651 610 620 628 o634 640 580 474 493 465 366 o362 o358 354 June. 235 226 218 222 221 219 o219 219 218 209 219 250 330 o368 414 618 693 768 793 803 ol,045 1,298 1,514 2,326 2,521 2,508 2,347 02, 072 1,758 1,552 353 352 373 342 o354 365 384 403 389 379 o374 352 346 351 338 269 232 o254 276 256 247 247 214 198 o223 249 249 250 249 July. 1,460 1,321 1,162 ol, 054 855 826 683 603 545 523 o473 416 395 388 369 354 316 o333 335 345 351 360 368 387 o368 340 333 297 328 321 340 339 o338 o337 336 341 342 325 284 a 287 291 263 264 239 248 205 a 209 213 162 110 110 135 163 187 187 Aug. 288 o276 265 256 271 271 298 334 o327 320 327 303 298 304 288 o301 314 252 255 265 239 239 o217 195 162 141 1 163 164 188 ol92 195 191 190 196 191 191 a 191 a 197 204 231 252 252 248 212 o212 212 239 243 224 210 230 106 o248 110 266 110 263 a 111 275 113 275 267 279 o271 263 234 185 a Discharge interpolated. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 287 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Concord River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1901-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1004-5. 1 275 a266 256 235 211 211 211 213 a 183 154 158 162 164 188 213 o213 213 226 237 236 247 258 o270 282 267 257 255 245 236 236 237 o283 289 298 294 301 289 310 o289 268 238 238 238 211 212 a 212 212 211 187 188 188 181 a 208 236 318 295 279 270 263 «266 270 238 273 236 163 163 164 ol64 164 163 163 163 163 163 a 187 210 303 338 338 331 343 a 330 316 304 298 o284 271 257 a257 256 255 245 187 187 187 188 Q269 351 305 312 307 307 308 a 307 306 278 265 237 239 240 a 240 240 238 226 238 237 239 o212 185 160 161 a 225 186 162 162 ol63 164 163 163 163 149 137 al37 137 137 123 82 83 83 o83 83 83 83 83 83 83 o83 a 83 134 186 212 238 257 290 323 a 348 374 440 464 452 446 442 o379 316 333 327 341 311 305 o299 294 270 269 282 346 525 a 530 o534 539 514 460 453 508 a 550 a 300 310 358 325 290 318 380 a 615 849 1,052 1.082 1.062 1.030 989 a 876 764 678 589 533 529 510 o477 443 402 371 287 283 303 a 302 301 301 593 538 517 530 581 628 a 640 653 565 527 472 432 422 o412 402 427 510 550 565 553 o551 550 560 595 627 652 662 a 626 590 535 490 282 287 281 265 a252 239 240 240 240 240 241 o242 242 241 241 240 240 224 a 230 237 238 210 214 208 209 a 202 196 184 478 442 412 a396 379 302 338 321 312 310 a 306 303 316 310 291 297 308 a 309 309 311 320 545 780 932 a975 1,017 1023 921 184 178 184 184 ol84 184 184 184 214 333 407 o532 656 669 668 647 637 598 o894 1,190 1,388 1281 1,296 1,329 1,370 ol. 504 1,638 1,920 2,027 1,942 1,880 1,198 791 718 a 949 1,179 1, 460 1,513 1,500 1,381 1,418 ol.388 1.358 1,113 1,087 1,024 853 790 a 780 770 718 718 698 648 580 a 554 529 579 818 1,129 1.436 1,666 1,792 al,606 1,420 1.316 1,151 1.139 1.141 1.152 ol 101 1,050 930 925 837 823 797 o741 685 663 596 528 485 o472 o460 447 414 385 383 367 358 o353 ol. 706 1.746 1,702 1597 1,474 1,348 1.253 ol227 1 201 1,241 1,347 1, 482 1.554 1,671 ol.605 1,538 1,457 1,373 1.307 1.241 1,178 ol 064 949 882 859 782 717 689 a679 669 349 344 334 333 322 310 a 305 301 291 285 269 269 271 a 275 278 287 294 305 322 343 a 335 327 318 318 318 313 316 a 309 301 216 165 561 533 506 513 473 463 153 456 475 463 458 455 o440 426 391 380 355 352 351 a 337 323 294 296 281 262 294 a 345 396 669 o933 1,196 164 163 163 al63 163 162 128 111 129 125 ol56 187 252 307 322 338 334 a 307 279 275 266 316 375 406 a 429 452 422 392 399 346 1,285 1,273 ol,203 1,133 996 925 810 695 650 a 615 580 519 501 454 421 383 a 421 459 491 586 620 596 554 a 522 491 448 408 369 351 335 199 o216 o234 o251 268 187 188 188 ol87 186 146 128 93 92 93 a 140 186 186 186 186 186 185 ol85 186 127 109 92 92 92 a 133 174 a 385 435 448 o481 513 483 478 a 460 443 425 375 357 354 351 a 342 333 307 303 293 288 a 296 o305 313 312 313 312 312 311 o.314 316 315 1 206 200 202 205 186 a 170 154 140 122 131 154 129 o 135 141 106 117 155 155 153 ol70 188 188 187 128 129 129 al29 129 127 82 57 350 370 399 433 O450 468 450 445 425 405 423 O402 381 326 310 297 290 271 a 262 253 208 200 225 219 256 a 250 244 251 262 265 199 | 58 2 58 3 a 360 4 a 662 5 964 6 1,198 7 1.266 8 1,259 9 1,164 10 a 1,007 11 850 12 781 13 745 14 594 15... 538 16 503 17 a 463 18 423 19 381 20 279 21 361 22 353 23 350 24 o329 25 308 26 320 27 301 28 282 29 276 30 277 31 1905-6. 1 227 2 a 209 3 o 190 4 172 5 176 6 178 7 177 8 178 9 o 183 187 11 s 156 12 138 13.... 62 14 63 15 63 a 99 17 135 18 82 19 83 20 76 21 98 22 27 a 93 23 24 158 158 157 157 157 157 a 158 25.... 26 27 28 29 30 31 o Discharge interpolated. 288 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Concord River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1901-1915— Continued. Day. 1906-7. 1907- Oct. 158 152 152 151 150 150 a 154 158 164 296 120 120 120 a 142 163 163 84 84 - 84 68 a 106 144 197 197 189 293 293 a 293 292 282 272 578 588 550 590 544 a 513 482 586 621 710 728 752 696 641 577 515 485 422 418 a 387 357 366 355 350 325 318 a 328 337 387 484 515 Nov. 284 271 281 a 286 291 233 243 243 242 293 a 300 308 339 360 347 372 400 a 428 455 465 465 440 420 433 o394 355 354 335 a 329 323 525 483 a 540 597 635 706 918 1,040 1,058 al, 144 1,231 1,261 1,234 1,124 1,064 1,004 o940 875 764 730 680 a 697 713 821 826 a 976 1,125 1,110 Dec. 300 a 307 314 259 240 239 240 239 a 241 243 243 243 249 241 242 a 264 282 312 322 a 310 298 a 303 308 293 313 313 a 307 302 al, 040 970 814 757 656 a 641 627 627 735 862 956 1,010 a 985 972 905 875 807 733 a 714 695 938 ol,032 1,125 1, 162 1, 150 1,172 1,193 1,226 Jan. Feb. 611 838 990 1,143 1,481 ol,294 1,106 1,065 1,049 914 910 o790 670 637 514 430 435 459 468 476 541 533 453 417 376 o358 339 401 368 330 1,243 1,218 1,186 1,186 ol, 173 1,161 1,108 1,091 1,221 1,318 1,250 ol, 343 1,436 1,402 1,479 1,435 1,420 1,386 ol, 226 1,066 1,017 929 847 761 695 a 756 817 794 756 561 550 339 340 o347 354 347 374 383 382 362 o375 387 358 342 352 377 378 « 369 360 372 354 356 336 327 o325 323 318 312 306 511 a 572 633 640 578 568 484 a 450 417 397 366 380 372 627 a 959 1,291 1,247 1,172 1,169 1,137 1,128 al, 092 1,055 822 725 727 692 712 Mar. 303 293 a 304 315 318 317 331 328 324 a 310 297 328 322 318 342 549 o787 1,025 1,220 1,358 1,350 1,318 1,238 1, 210 1J182 1,163 1,140 1,054 992 959 o924 921 829 879 910 o955 1,000 970 1,027 1,045 1,078 1,148 ol, 190 1,233 1,094 1,015 1,098 1,251 1,290 ol,305 1,319 1,277 1,261 1,257 1,132 1,219 «1,226 1,234 1,182 Apr. 753 690 677 651 621 a 576 531 542 602 640 693 745 a 826 901 879 851 a 802 o754 a 705 657 581 548 568 551 536 o528 520 520 May. 1,112 1,080 1,084 1,128 al, 085 1,042 980 969 907 935 0868 800 758 747 721 687 725 068O a 635 590 553 545 532 530 o497 464 449 420 394 473 453 438 415 403 434 421 419 410 397 o424 450 439 425 June. 342 0349 356 411 456 523 530 516 o503 491 479 438 411 366 350 July. 415 a 345 395 339 404 313 a 413 277 421 276 397 278 393 303 385 a 299 365 295 355 295' o335 236 316 210 367 187 368 164 o362 a 165 355 412 531 394 535 o401 602 409 588 398 532 374 582 376 a 512 461 442 572 415 a 699 380 826 366 805 289 791 301 831 a 296 807 290 709 231 a 653 252 598 226 528 153 494 154 451 ol36 429 119 468 119 a 471 119 474 119 487 119 465 119 429 a 119 422 119 458 119 o495 1 166 166 oi98 229 260 a 213 166 165 165 164 164 165 ol77 188 216 216 219 168 a 169 168 168 166 164 164 164 a 154 143 130 118 119 119 119 a 119 a 119 119 119 119 100 83 83 a 83 83 73 83 83 83 a 83 83 83 83 83 83 83 a 130 176 189 188 187 187 Aug. 124 125 108 a 114 119 119 119 119 119 118 a 106 94 100 82 82 72 72 a 62 53 53 53 69 75 64 53 341 11 348 11 357 11 a 458 11 558 11 137 155 a 149 155 160 155 135 155 135 155 188 a 166 201 ol77 155 188 a 214 160 274 135 319 135 309 135 302 a 128 298 121 246 95 o261 81 276 81 255 74 214 25 159 a 26 214 26 161 26 0I88 26 215 26 215 25 189 25 149 a 26 136 26 100 27 ol23 27 145 a Discharge interpolated. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 289 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Concord River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1901-1915— Continued. Day. 1909-10. Oct. 25 24 24 a 25 25 25 26 27 27 a 26 26 81 100 101 101 101 a 100 100 100 100 100 100 101 a 101 100 101 121 121 121 252 234 235 a 235 235 214 185 162 164 164 a 164 164 164 164 164 165 164 a 164 164 164 132 101 101 101 a 101 101 120 120 120 120 120 a 120 Nov. a 228 204 211 212 200 174 155 a 184 213 212 211 212 211 212 a212 212 212 212 212 212 213 a 212 212 212 211 a 211 211 211 a 188 164 120 120 152 235 238 250 a 242 233 228 230 242 229 200 a 214 228 199 184 164 156 157 a 174 190 165 165 a 185 204 204 a 270 336 321 Dec. 165 165 165 165 165 a 165 165 212 237 262 293 332 a 309 286 287 281 281 274 221 267 243 213 180 a 177 a 173 a 170 166 165 165 165 317 o22 294 a 288 236 215 215 215 215 a 215 214 293 322 337 344 346 a 343 339 317 302 294 270 a 251 a 232 213 214 214 200 187 Jan. 165 120 a 154 189 212 212 211 212 154 a 203 251 311 275 275 274 a 268 268 265 265 240 a 255 271 314 313 318 313 307 a 299 187 a 188 188 163 164 163 312 321 a 339 357 405 455 443 410 407 a 370 334 345 403 435 465 781 1, 055 1, 328 1,384 1, 420 1,381 1,368 1,318 ol,254 1,191 Feb. 291 268 245 214 188 164 a 276 388 484 565 743 789 667 a 711 755 645 641 597 613 771 a\, 124 1,476 1,444 1,520 1,726 1,649 1,809 ol, 745 1,147 1,069 1,005 917 829 a 806 783 615 580 555 545 514 a 507 501 516 511 578 534 661 o659 656 726 734 731 Mar. 1,622 1,497 1,346 1,189 1,114 «977 840 775 723 668 730 o677 625 590 567 571 502 459 a 441 423 425 403 416 556 727 a 907 1,088 1,133 1,143 1,640 2,183 2,572 2,577 2,472 o2,366 2,260 2,165 2,098 2,026 1,940 1,871 al,660 1,449 1,326 1, 245 1,170 1,033 761 610 ol, 006 a 611 1,251 612 566 546 524 778 710 708 671 Apr. 1,056 976 934 a893 852 787 755 730 677 640 619 550 503 692 793 856 «905 a 953 1,002 998 953 920 883 o912 942 877 m 501 498 a 475 453 423 434 409 394 387 a 406 381 386 377 377 387 a 378 369 a 422 474 488 509 a 486 462 May. 848 H,032 1,215 1,093 1,015 953 889 a 864 787 680 • 575 520 499 a 459 419 457 462 430 365 o380 394 371 374 371 358 o370 o382 394 o577 552 555 551 510 455 452 a 436 420 390 353 379 381 314 o316 318 261 288 297 280 a 294 June. July. Aug 455 483 253 514 222 567 o 242 602 I a 263 283 406 402 387 368 352 a412 472 486 514 461 443 431 a 419 407 358 351 317 313 307 a 314 321 288 261 256 215 213 a 214 214 188 164 2s:; 232 a 254 276 282 319 a 357 445 465 467 448 396 416 o428 440 437 405 392 337 241 o288 336 300 164 112 112 a 112 a 112 112 111 112 o84 84 84 84 83 45 46 ol05 164 164 164 164 164 164 ol64 164 164 123 84 84 84 294 265 o253 a 240 202 203 192 182 214 136 161 101 87 87 a 94 101' 101 87 87 91 117 a 102 87 90 137 136 136 o84 - 84 84 84 84 84 84 a 84 84 84 45 46 o45 103 ol03 103 103 103 103 103 80 a 73 112 ol08 104 64 64 83 o84 84 83 111 113 a 105 Sept. 97 99 25 25 40 25 101 a 38 101 51 100 50 a 100 69 101 69 69 69 69 40966°— wsp 415—16- o Discharge interpolated. -19 290 SURFACE WATERS OE MASSACHUSETTS. D ily discharge, in second-feet, of Concord River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. SO, 1901-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 715 a 686 656 638 608 646 715 749 a 818 887 928 903 874 849 849 a 805 760 661 635 608 598 614 a 581 549 534 504 466 437 443 a 423 1,649 1,695 1,702 1, 734 1,734 1,750 al, 666 1,582 1,518 1,481 1,411 1.347 1, 323 al,175 1, 028 973 904 906 a 965 al, 024 al, 083 1,142 1,152 1,108 1,021 964 885 a 827 769 732 May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1910-11. 1 69 a 69 69 69 69 69 a 47 25 20 15 20 20 21 a 22 23 . 25 25 26 42 58 a 44 30 54 65 140 163 153 a 116 79 a 132 164 119 165 187 187 187 a 187 187 188 188 a 188 187 '187 a 187 187 188 188 188 188 216 a 272 327 327 334 332 323 324 a 310 296 272 44 45 44 44 156 a 211 267 251- 240 229 264 239 a 254 269 250 249 215 227 180 a 211 242 219 212 a 219 226 219 a 202 186 187 197 278 275 261 254 a 246 238 267 254 254 255 255 a 256 256 256 300 312 339 379 a 446 513 510 472 461 448 512 a 519 526 524 526 a 520 225 219 169 a 199 228 233 205 184 191 146 a 140 134 135 135 142 106 112 a 122 131 163 139 106 88 127 a 216 a 306 395 330 337 330 268 514 502 a 494 486 407 391 371 350 333 a 338 342 330 339 320 324 332 a 396 459 484 466 434 387 502 a 583 a 664 745 753 776 693 707 a 656 a 294 319 342 377 356 329 422 a 407 392 300 334 341 310 350 a 302 254 260 215 236 204 178 a 177 176 164 172 160 150 257 a 307 356 254 604 527 502 469 441 328 a 339 350 349 349 354 345 342 a 333 325 322 306 309 337 373 a 405 437 423 449 417 380 390 a 377 364 322 325 269 269 269 256 a 321 386 376 385 403 380 341 a 326 311 283 252 247 240 214 a 230 247 245 244 '263 263 256 a 303 350 40S 322 304 346 a 333 319 306 303 308 305 297 a 303 308 255 232 219 191 184 a 190 196 221 249 a 494 738 813 a 919 1,025 1,060 1,207 1,195 407 417 392 366 a 344 321 296 295 280 280 281 a 293 305 303 392 511 • 483 517 a 623 729 770 770 745 710 674 '650 626 570 574 655 693 1,196 1,198 al, 059 921 894 849 786 753 713 a 669 626 596 956 1,214 1,614 2,102 32, 250 2,399 2,371 2,220 2,090 1,938 1; 696 21,696 1,697 1,572 1,357 1,217 1,267 1,600 rt ; 625 402 378 398 357 343 344 a 342 340 294 294 294 223 238 a 238 239 239 239 232 213 211 a 215 219 219 215 212 213 213 a 195 176 a 201 226 720 715 659 605 a 584 562 562 577 587 747 745 a 812 879 888 814 759 853 838 a 848 859 806 764 754 735 704 a 754 805 807 753 a 720 688 226 187 163 a 142 120 118 155 170 241 255 a 261 268 -267 255 254 254 266 a 260 253 253 231 216 212 202 a 206 210 183 131 100 92 713 a 723 733 690 706 625 540 513 a 462 412 380 361 349 356 363 a 357 351 327 326 291 295 285 a 284 282 267 246 214 192 197 a 192 Ill a 73 35 a 27 19 16 16 16 a 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 a 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 a 24 32 59 77 56 56 55 alio 164 187 151 137 a 160 122 140 a 131 122 69 69 101 101 a 111 122 153 121 131 158 156 a 195 234 233 238 237 214 173 a 185 197 203 202 164 164 164 135 135 a 135 135 135 135 135 118 101 a 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 a 97 94 80 88 88 93 88 a 87 87 98 148 184 157 107 182 a 191 200 159 135 123 89 85 a 95 104 115 136 157 127 136 a 169 203 174 159 150 150 150 "a 135 120 123 125 131 100 81 185 186 186 a 186 a 186 . 185 173 134 135 a 135 135 135 135 135 123 n 83 a"83 '84 89 89 e 95 94 95 a 95 94 105 103 106 100 99 2 3 4 5.'. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 17 19 22 23 24 27 29 31 1911-12. 1 a 81 2 a 80 80 4 120 110 116 7 137 a 118 9 99 100 11 116 12 125 110 14 100 all5 130 17 134 139 19 140 129 21 129 22 a 120 111 24 113 116 119 27 110 132 29 a 121 110 31 a Discharge interpolated. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN. 291 Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Concord River at Lowell, Mass., for the years ending Sept. 30, 1901-1915— Continued. Day. Oct. Nov. Dee. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. 1912-13. 1 113 118 116 118 121 oll5 109 116 116 122 122 oll9 oll5 112 109 110 116 110 110 al09 109 25 25 45 114 257 o265 272 248 248 237 210 214 222 218 a222 226 219 214 219 214 219 a220 o221 222 219 219 234 234 a247 259 320 314 311 315 336 a344 352 352 349 352 355 188 206 a223 239 240 238 237 270 2*3 a304 325 317 300 287 286 309 o311 312 298 292 281 261 257 o266 274 286 285 o291 297 292 352 "350 348 349 347 344 344 341 a337 333 338 341 338 342 342 a340 338 330 323 327 326 327 o327 327 326 341 o326 310 318 o329 a295 299 304 289 288 307 299 o308 317 317 316 295 290 272 a281 291 262 246 272 305 327 a327 326 321 o319 317 339 478 0487 496 597 340 360 361 362 368 370 0414 457 443 457 500 487 491 o464 436 415 391 371 354 355 o350 345 347 387 o480 574 574 a569 564 597 569 670 806 877 962 o860 758 751 787 765 678 591 o648 706 696 694 706 669 655 o650 645 597 647 653 627 595 o607 620 575 536 530 522 514 402 409 o399 389 366 366 372 364 373 o362 352 248 242 287 346 335 o323 310 312 290 286 265 314 o395 476 578 668 738 731 766 512 o507 502 438 429 411 388 415 o385 354 367 334 344 318 317 o320 324 314 318 315 316 o375 o433 492 501 512 522 603 ol, 050 1,334 1,319 1,301 1,221 1,106 966 o928 889 910 830 720 615 597 o486 374 343 414 338 398 327 o338 o348 359 340 352 375 345 679 o740 802 889 834 771 708 721 o674 626 654 642 596 604 652 o764 875 ,818 764 836 904 976 o980 984 929 944 1,034 1, 285 1,347 ol,475 1,603 o634 922 1, 515 1,887 2,411 2,327 2.099 ol,812 1,525 1,139 1,180 1.257 1,204 1,344 ol, 205 1,066 1,004 969 951 898 798 o831 865 777 650 588 621 708 o994 1.280 1-280 1,593 1,463 1,306 1.167 1.015 ol. 072 1.128 1 046 988 923 845 863 oir070 1,277 1,333 1.433 1,582 1,537 al,497 ol,458 1,416 1,319 1234 1,180 1,097 1.009 o966 923 845 822 1,201 1,081 1,202 1,149 al,232 1,314 1,234 1,311 1,376 1,390 1,341 ol, 298 1,254 1,107 1,022 1.035 1,047 1,107 ol, 068 al,028 989 906 823 783 768 o859 950 1, 006 1,017 1,035 754 744 790 o702 614 570 552 519 477 478 0439 399 393 380 346 345 347 o347 346 346 335 316 328 397 «527 656 694 728 790 o782 o773 1,064 1,064 ol, 055 1,046 972 1.022 1.069 1,018 1,056 ol, 082 1,108 1,030 971 1,048 1,023 967 o965 962 904 849 786 761 777 oG59 541 448 464 421 400 o376 o352 o765 756 738 673 593 517 596 o507 418 377 354 359 350 327 o323 319 289 280 218 233 239 o249 259 251 217 229 219 220 o210 201 328 331 290 298 266 263 o285 307 307 282 262 261 257 o253 248 237 217 217 191 191 o201 211 213 212 175 132 111 ol28 145 175 1 184 180 175 ol66 ol57 ol47 138 116 110 100 100 111 olll 111 100 106 96 100 95 o91 87 80 80 80 87 87 o53 18 19 44 82 174 175 225 o229 o232 236 253 258 258 257 258 o257 256 256 214 214 215 21? o213 212 200 161 94 101 106 ol24 142 169 134 80 103 114 113 o72 31 126 162 161 161 160 o89 IS 18 51 126 97 58 o58 59 86 114 114 58 58 086 114 113 113 85 85 a95 105 150 ol37 123 138 165 165 164 165 ol77 190 .188 148 137 176 189 ol89 189 149 80 80 90 189 o208 227 215 218 208 184 | 192 ol95 199 all4 2 124 3 113 4 112 5 118 6 , al24 7 124 8 123 9 124 10 118 11 112 12 112 13 112 14 all5 117 99 17 92 99 19 118 87 all7 22 147 23 188 24 223 255 255 27 247 o243 29 239 220 31 1913-14. 1 1S4 2 183 1 about a mile east of the head of the western branch, flows southwesterly 10 miles to its confluence with Long Meadow Brook, then turns abruptly and flows north- westward to Barre Falls; the course of the western branch is also southwesterly to the point of junction; from Barre Falls the Ware flows southwesterly by a general course to Three Rivers; Swift River enters about a mile above Three Rivers, and Quaboag River at Three Rivers. Below the mouth of the Quaboag the Chicopee flows in general south of west to the city of Chicopee, where it enters the Connecticut. The distance from the .mouth of the Chicopee to the head of the eastern branch of Ware River is 60 miles and the drainage area comprises 726 square miles, divided as follows: Square miles. Ware River at Three Rivers 221 Swift River at mouth 213 Quaboag River at mouth 210 Chicopee River below Three Rivers 77 40966°— wsp 415—16 21 322 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Average slope of river, 15 feet or more per mile. Principal tributaries of the Ware above the mouth of Swift River: Bumshirt and Prince rivers, and Moose, Danforth, Muddy, Flat, and Beaver brooks, all from the north; the only- tributary from the south draining any considerable area is Long Meadow Brook, in the town of Rutland. Below Three Rivers the principal tributaries of the Chicopee are Broad, Twelvemile, Higher, and Field brooks. The drainage basin is hilly and contains many lakes and ponds, and the flow of the stream is well sustained throughout the summer. Gaging stations: Ware River at Ware, 1904-10; Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, 1912-1915; Burnshirt River near Templeton, 1909-1910; Swift River at West Ware, 1910-1915; Qua- boag River at West' Warren, 1904-1907; Quaboag River at West Brimfield, 1909- 1915. Maps of basin: Warwick, Winchendon, Fitchburg, Worcester, Barre, Belchertown, Webster, Brookfield, Palmer, and Springfield sheets. See also pages 117-149 of this report. Childs Brook. — Hampshire County; rises in the central part of the town of Cum- mington; flows southeastward 3 miles into Bronson Brook, the head of West Branch (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. Childs River. — Barnstable County; rises in John Pond; flows southward into Waquoit Bay and thus to Nantucket Sound; length to head of the bay, about 4 miles. Falmouth sheet. Chilmark Pond.— Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; the most western of a group of connected ponds on the south shore of the island; it receives at its western end three small streams. Gay head and Marthas Vineyard sheets. Chookalog Pond. — Worcester County; a very small pond 4 miles southeast of East Douglas. Blackstone sheet. City Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Mount Washington; head of Bashbish Brook (tributary through Rocliff Jansen Kill to the Hudson). Sheffield sheet. Clam Pudding Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1 mile southeast of Telegraph Hill. Plymouth sheet. Clam River. — Berkshire County; rises in the town of Otis; southeast of Kingsbury Mountain; flows southeastward 10 miles to a point three-fourths mile below New Boston, where it joins the Farmington River (tributary to the Connecticut); principal tributary, Buck River. Sandisfield sheet. Clamshell Pond.- — Worcester County; a small pond on North Brook (tributary through Assabet River to Concord River and thus to the Merrimack) about one- half mile from its source and 1 mile south of Clinton; altitude, 360 feet above sea level. Marlboro sheet. Clapp Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Washington; 2 miles west of the village of Washington; principal inlet, Roaring Brook; outlet, Roaring Brook to Housatonic River; one-half mile long; one-eighth mile wide. Becket sheet. Clapps Pond. — Barnstable County; in the marsh 1 mile west of ProvincetowTu Provincetown sheet. Clapps Round Pond. — Barnstable County; one of a group of ponds northwest of Provincetown. Provincetown sheet. Clark Brook.— Franklin County; town of Buckland; rises a mile southwest of Moonshine Hill; flows northward 4 miles into Clesson Brook (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut) half a mile above its mouth. Hawley sheet. Clark Reservoir.- Worcester County; one-half mile east of Sutton; inlet, head of Cold Spring Brook; outlet, Cold Spring Brook to Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Webster and Blackstone sheets. Clay Pit Brook.— Middlesex County; a stream 2£ miles long rising northwest of Lowell and flowing southward and eastward into Merrimack River one-half mile southwest of Pawtucketville. Lowell sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 323 Clear Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1 mile northeast of East Carver. Plymouth sheet. Clear Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Carver; 2 miles northeast of the village of South Carver. Plymouth sheet. Clear Pond. — Plymouth County; 1£ miles southwest of Micldleboro. Middleboro sheet. Clear Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Carver; a small pond 1 mile south of South Carver. Plymouth sheet. Clear Run Brook. — Bristol County; towns of Seekonk and Rehoboth; rises about a mile east of the village of Seekonk; flows southeastward 1 mile, then east and northeast 1£ miles into Palmer River (tributary through Warren River to Nar- ragansett Bay). Providence sheet. Clematis Brook. — Middlesex County; formed by two branches, one of which rises west of Independence Hill and the other west of Arlington Heights; the branches unite in the marsh west of Wellington Hill and flow southeastward to Waverly, and thence south west ward to junction with Beaver Brook (tributary to Charles River) near Waltham; length to head of longest branch, about 5 miles. Boston sheet. Clesson Brook. — Franklin County; rises near the village of Hawley; flows north eastward 2£ miles, southeastward 2 miles, then by a very abrupt turn northeast ward again 4 miles to its junction with Deerfield River (tributary to the Con- necticut); principal tributaries, Cooleys, Ruddock, Shepherd, and Clark brooks. Hawley sheet. Clew Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1£ miles southwest of Great South Pond. Plymouth sheet. Clief Pond. — Barnstable County; 2 miles west of South Orleans. One-half mile wide; three-fourths mile long. Wellfleet sheet. Coachlace Pond. — Worcester County; a large pond with very irregular outline, shown on the Marlboro sheet, U. S. Geological Survey, on the western border of Clinton (called Clinton Mill Pond on the map), just north of Wachusett Reservoir; tributary to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack. Marlboro sheet and map of metropolitan water district. Cobb Brook. — Rises in the town of Princeton in the northern part of Worcester County, on the north slope of Calamint Hill, at altitude about 1,030 feet above sea level; flows southward into South Wachusett Brook (tributary through Quina- poxet Pond and River to Wachusett Reservoir) ; length, about 3 miles. Worcester sheet. Cobblers Brook. — Essex County; rises on the north slope of Red Oak Hill, 1 mile northwest of Merrimac, at altitude about 170 feet above sea level; flows southeast- ward 3 miles, through the town of Merrimac, into Merrimack River at Merrimac- port; fall from source to mouth, 150 feet. Haverhill and Newburyport sheets. Cobbs Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Brewster; halfway between the village of Brewster and Cape Cod Bay. Wellfleet sheet. Cocasset Pond. — Norfolk County; town of Foxboro; inlet and outlet, Wading River (tributary through Threemile River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Franklin sheet. Cochichewick Lake. — Essex County; 2 miles east of Lawrence and 1 mile west of West Boxford; inlets, two small streams from the south and one from the north; outlet, Cochichewick River to Merrimack River; altitude, about 120 feet above sea level; length, about 2\ miles; maximum width, 1 mile. Lawrence sheet. Cochichewick River. — Essex County; rises in Cochichewick Lake, one-half mile southeast of North Andover and 2 miles east of South Lawrence, at altitude 100 feet above sea level; flows northwestward \\ miles along the northeast edge of North Andover, passing through three small ponds and discharging into Merri- mack River opposite the city of Lawrence. Lawrence sheet. 324 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. Cochituate, Lake. — Middlesex County; 3 miles east of Framingham in the Sudbury drainage basin; altitude, 134 feet above sea level; one of the reservoirs of the storage system of the metropolitan district of Boston and vicinity; capacity, 2,328,300,000 gallons. Framingham sheet. Cochran Pond. — Hampden County; town of Blandford; a very small pond discharg- ing by a stream flowing southeastward to Freeland Brook (tributary through Black Brook to Westfield River and thus to the Connecticut). Granville sheet. Coddings Brook. See Greenwater Pond. Cohasse Brook. — Worcester County; town of Southbridge; rises in the northwestern part of the town of Woodstock, Windham County, Conn.; flows southeastward about a mile, thence northeastward 5 miles to its junction with Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound) at the city of Southbridge. Brookfield sheet. Colchester Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Plympton; rises about a mile east of the village of Plympton; flows in general north of west 5 miles into Wenatuxet River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay) near South Halifax. Middleboro sheet. Cold Brook. — Middlesex County; rises near North Sudbury at altitude of 180 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 2\ miles to its junction with Pantry Brook (tributary through Sudbury River to Concord River and thus to the Merrimack) . Framingham sheet. Cold Harbor Brook. — Worcester County; rises 3 miles north of Shrewsbury; take, a circuitous but in general easterly course to its junction with Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack) at Northboro; distance from source to mouth in a straight line about 4 miles; along the course of the stream, 8 miles; principal tributaries, stream from Rocky Pond, and Howard Brook. Marlboro sheet. Cold River. — Berkshire and Franklin counties; rises on the east slope of the Hoosac Range in the northern part of the town of Florida; flows west of south 2 miles, southeastward 5 miles, then in general eastward 4 miles to its junction with Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) a mile south of Zoar; principal tributaries, Tower, Gulf, Tanner, and Manning brooks. Greylock and Hawley sheets. Cold Spring Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 2 miles southwest of Ayer, at altitude 260 feet above sea level; flows northeastward 2 miles into Bowers Brook (tributary through Nonacoicus Brook to Nashua River and thus to the Merri- mack). Groton sheet. Cold Spring Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1 mile southwest of the village of Sutton; flows northeastward through Clark Reservoir and Pleasantdale Pond into Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay) near Wilkinsonville; length, about 4 miles. Webster and Blackstone sheets. Coles Brook. — Berkshire, Hampshire, and Hampden counties; rises in Benson Pond, in the town of Washington; flows southeastward h\ miles to its junction with West Branch of Westfield River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut) 1 mile northwest of Bancroft. Becket sheet. Coles River. — Bristol County; rises in the town of Dighton, flows west of south into Mount Hope Bay, Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay); length, about 10 miles; tidal in lower course. Taunton and Fall River sheets. College Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one of a group of small ponds in the west-central part of the township. Plymouth sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 325 Concord River. — Middlesex County; formed in the town of Concord by the junction of Sudbury and Assabet rivers; Assabet River, which drains the larger area and is therefore considered the continuation of the main stream, rises on the south slope of Green Hill, 4 miles southwest of Westboro, at altitude 360 feet above sea level; flows northeastward about 30 miles to its junction with Sudbury River. Below the junction Concord River flows northeastward 9 miles, then northward 7 miles to its junction with Merrimack River at Lowell. Assabet River drains a hilly and broken country and has a rapid fall and high banks. The basin of the Concord is also hilly and rolling near the mouth of the stream, its bed being rocky, the banks high, and the fall large, but from North Billerica the stream flows mostly through swamps and meadow lands and is exceedingly sluggish, its course very circuitous, and the bed sand and mud. Power is developed on the Concord near Lowell, where it has a fall of about 47 feet from the top of the Wamesit Dam, under normal conditions of flow. (See pp. 284-294 of this report for records of flow.) Principal tributaries of the Con- cord below the junction of Assabet and Sudbury rivers, Page Brook and River Meadow Brook. Marlboro, Framingham and Lowell sheets. Cone Brook. — Berkshire County; rises on Perry Peak in the northwestern part of the town of Richmond; flows southeastward 2 miles, then in general southerly 4 miles into Shaker Mill Pond on Williams River (tributary to the Housatonic). Pittsfield sheet. Congamuck ponds. — Hampden County; town of Southwick; a group of four long, narrow ponds connected by short channels; the Massachusetts-Connecticut boundary follows the eastern shore of the south and middle ponds; outlet, Great Brook to Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). The total length of the ponds is about 2 J miles; maximum width, less than one-half mile. Gran- ville sheet. Connecticut River. — Rises in Connecticut lakes in northern New Hampshire; flows southward between New Hampshire and Vermont and across Massachusetts and Connecticut into Long Island Sound; length about 345 miles; drainage area, 11,300 square miles, of which 2,720 square miles is in Massachusetts; principal tributaries, Passumpsic, Ammonoosuc, Wells, White, Mascoma, Ottaqueechee, Sugar, West, and Ashuelot rivers, which join the main stream north of the Massachusetts line, Millers, Deerfield, Chicopee, and Westfield Rivers, which enter in the State of Massachusetts, and Farmington River, which enters near Hartford, Conn.; fall from Connecticut lakes to Long Island Sound, about 1,900 feet; mean annual precipitation in valley, about 40 inches, ranging from 35 inches in the extreme upper portion to 45 inches at Hartford . Gaging stations at Holyoke (1880-1899), Sunderland (1904 T 1915), Orford, N. H. (1900-1915). The following topographic sheets show the area drained by Connecticut River in Massachusetts: Wilmington and Brattleboro, Vt., Keene and Monadnock, N. H., Hawley and Greenfield, Vt.-Mass. ; Warwick, Winchendon, and Fitchburg, N. H.-Mass., Ches- terfield, Northampton, Belchertown, Barre, and Worcester, Mass., Granville, Springfield, Palmer, Brookfield, and Webster, Mass. -Conn. See Report on Water Power of the United States, Tenth Census, vol. 16, pp. 46-135, 1885; also pages 40-81 of this report. Content Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Long Pond in the town of Tewksbury, about 1£ miles south of Tewksbury Center; at altitude about 100 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 1£ miles through a marsh and small pond, then gen- erally north of east 1£ miles into Shawsheen River (tributary to the Merrimack) about 1 mile east of Pattonville. A tributary of Content Brook along the south side of the marsh connects with a stream flowing westward into Concord River. Content Brook is also marshy near its mouth. Lowell and Lawrence sheets. 326 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Cook Pond. — Bristol County south of the city of Fall River; discharges by a stream passing through Globe Mill Pond under Laurel Lake Mill and Globe yarn mills, and then crossing Bay Street near Sprague, reaches tidewater between Shaw and Middle Streets. Except at extreme high water, when the water from Cook Pond backs through the swamps to the east and reaches South Watuppa Pond by means of Sucker Brook, this pond has no direct connection with the Watuppa ponds. See Report of Reservoir Commission to the city council of Fall River, Mass., July, 1902. Fall River sheet, U. S. Geological Survey. Cooks Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; three-fourths mile southeast of Billington Sea. Plymouth sheet. Cooleys Brook. — Franklin County; a stream about 1^ miles long, flowing southeast- ward into Clesson Brook (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Hawley sheet. Coonemosset Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; outlet, a stream flowing southward into Great Pond and thus to Vineyard Sound. Falmouth sheet. Coopers Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Carver; a small pond south of the village of North Carver. Middleboro sheet. Copaum Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; north shore; 2 miles north- west of the city of Nantucket; connected with the sound by a channel less than one-eighth mile long. Nantucket sheet. Copecut River. — Bristol County; rises 3 miles northeast of Copecut Hill in the town of Fall River; flows southerly to its junction with Shingle Island River (tribu- tary to East Branch of Westport River, and thus through Westport Harbor to the ocean) about a mile southeast of Hicksville; length, about 5 miles. Fall River sheet. Coskata Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; on the Coatue sandbar; sepa- rated from the ocean on the east and from the bay known as Head of the Harbor on the south by bars about an eighth of a mile wide. Nantucket sheet. Cotley River. — Bristol County; town of Taunton; rises a mile southwest of village of Lakeville; flows westward 2^ miles, then northward 3 miles into Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay) 1 mile west of East Taunton. Taunton sheet. Cotuit Ponds. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; three large ponds, the center one connects on the west with a stream flowing southeastward into Great Bay at the head of Osterville Harbor, on Nantucket Sound. Barnstable sheet. Cotuit River. — Barnstable County; rises in Santuit Pond a mile north of the vil- lage of Cotuit, and flows southward and southwestward into an arm of Popo- nesset Bay, Nantucket Sound; length, about 4 miles. Barnstable sheet. Couch Brook. — Franklin County; rises in the town of Leyden, a mile north of Friz- zell Hill; flows south of east 2\ miles into Falls River (tributary to the Connecti- cut). Greenfield sheet. Cowesett Brook. — See Town River. Cow Pond Brook. — Middlesex County; rises 2* miles northeast of Ayer on the north slope of Snake Hill; flows northeastward through Cow Pond Meadows and Cow Pond into Upper Massapoag Pond (tributary through Salmon Brook to the Mer- rimack; length, 5 miles; principal tributaries above Cow Pond, Martins Pond Brook and Baddacook Brook. Groton sheet. Cow Pond.— Middlesex County; 2\ miles east of Groton; inlet, Cow Pond Brook from Cow Pond Meadows, and Baddacook Brook from Baddacook Pond; outlet, Cow Pond Brook to Massapoag ponds and thus through Salmon Brook to the Merri- mack; altitude, about 200 feet above sea level. Groton sheet. Cows Creek. — Barnstable County; town of Sandwich; a channel in the marsh back of Spring Hill Beach; connects with Long Creek. Barnstable sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 327 Coys Brook. — 'Worcester County; rises 2 miles northwest of North Brookfield ; flows southwesterly to Quaboag River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Con- necticut) at West Brookfield; length, 6 miles. Barre and Brookfield sheets. Coys Pond. — Essex County; 2\ miles northwest of Manchester; outlet, a small stream to Round Pond and thus through another small stream to Chebacco Lake and Essex River; altitude, 60 feet above sea level; length, about one-half mile; maxi- mum width, less than one-fourth mile. Salem sheet. Cranberry Meadow Pond. — Worcester County; town of Spencer; outlet, Cranberry River to East Brookfield River and thus through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and the Connecticut. Brookfield sheet. Cranberry Pond. — Franklin County; 1 mile northeast of Mount Toby; outlet, Cranberry Pond Brook to Connecticut River. Greenfield sheet. Cranberry Pond. — Hampden County; southeastern part of the town of Tolland; outlet, Slocum Brook to Farmington River (tributary to the Connecticut); small. Sandisfield sheet. Cranberry Pond. — Norfolk County; town of Braintree; outlet, a stream about 2 miles long flowing northwestward into the southern branch of Weymouth Fore River. Abington sheet. Cranberry Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Duxbury; inlet and outlet, South River (tributary to Massachusetts Bay). Duxbury sheet. Cranberry Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Lakeville; between the southern end of Assawompsett Pond and Pocksha Pond. Middleboro sheet. Cranberry Pond. — Worcester County; town of Lancaster; about one-half mile west of Nashua River; very small. Groton sheet. Cranberry Pond Brook. — Franklin County; rises on the northeastern slope of Mount Toby; flows northeastward 1 mile to Cranberry Pond, northwesterly about 2 miles, then southwesterly one-half mile into Connecticut River. Northampton and Greenfield sheets. Cranberry River. — Worcester County; town of Spencer; rises in Cranberry Meadow Pond; flows northward 2 miles, then northwestward 1 mile into the pond at the head of East Brookfield River (tributary through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Webster and Brookfield sheets. Crane Brook. — Essex County; rises about 2 miles west of Danvers, at altitude about 90 feet above sea level; flows generally eastward 2\ miles to its junction with Beaver Brook to form Crane River (a tidewater channel tributary to Essex Branch and thus to the Atlantic Ocean at Beverly Harbor). Salem sheet. Crane Pond. — Berkshire County; one mile northwest of West Stockbridge; outlet, a very short stream flowing northeastward into Flat Brook (the head of Williams River, which is tributary to the Housatonic). Pittsfield sheet. Crane River. — Essex County; formed by the junction of Crane and Beaver brooks, just south of Danvers; length, \\ miles; joins Porter and Waters rivers to form Danvers River, an arm of Beverly Harbor. One mile above its junction with Danvers River it forms a tidewater channel. Salem sheet. Creek Brook. — Rockingham County, N. H., and Essex County, Mass. ; rises in Rock- ingham County, N. H., in the town of Atkinson, at altitude about 310 feet above . sea level; flows generally southward 2$ miles, passing through Creek Pond, in Essex County, Mass., then generally east of south 2 miles into Merrimack River about 2 miles west of Haverhill; fall from source to mouth, 290 feet. Haverhill sheet. Creek Pond.— Essex County; in the town of Haverhill, 1 mile northeast of Ayers vil- lage, about 2 miles east of Spicket Hill; inlet, Creek Brook and another smaller stream, both from the north; outlet, Creek Brook to Merrimack River; altitude, about 140 feet above sea level'; length, 1 mile; maximum width, one-half mile. Haverhill sheet. 328 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Crooked Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; one of a group of ponds lying northwest of East Falmouth. Falmouth sheet. Crooked Pond. — Essex County; 1£ miles south of Boxford; outlet, a small stream to Fish Brook (tributary to Ipswich River); altitude, 140 feet above sea level; very small. Lawrence and Salem sheets. Crooked Pond. — Hampshire County; northwestern part of the town of Plainfield; outlet through Windsor Pond to Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Hawley sheet. Crooked Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; a small pond 2 miles south- east of Great South Pond. Plymouth sheet. Crooked River. — Plymouth County; town of Wareham; joins Wareham River (trib- utary to Buzzards Bay) south of Barneys Point; tidal; about a mile long. Fal- mouth sheet. Crooked Spring Brook. — Middlesex County; a stream about 1£ miles long rising 2 miles northwest of Chelmsford Center and flowing northward into Stony Brook (tributary to the Merrimack) near West Chelmsford. Lowell sheet. Crow Hill Brook. — Worcester County; town of Templeton; a stream about 1§ miles long rising east of Church Hill and flowing northeastward into Trout Brook (trib- utary through Otter River to Millers River and thus to the Connecticut). Win- chendon sheet. Crows Pond. — Barnstable County; on Nickersons Neck in the town of Chatham; tidal. Chatham sheet. Crystal Lake. — Middlesex County; at Newton Center. Boston sheet. Crystal Lake. — Middlesex County; just south of the town of Wakefield; altitude, 100 feet above sea level. The lake, when full, has an area of 85 acres; a portion of the lake, covering about 30 acres, is very shallow; furnishes the water supply for the town of Wakefield; natural outlet by a tributary of Saugus River, which dis- charges into Boston Bay. Boston sheet. Crystal Lake. — Worcester County; town of Gardner; north of the city of Gardner; used by the city as a source of water supply; the lake is more than a mile long and one-fourth mile wide; altitude, 1,100 feet above sea level. Fitchburg sheet. Crystal Pond. — Middlesex County; in the city of Melrose; inlet Maiden River; out- let Maiden River to Mystic River; small. Also known as Ell pond. Boston sheet. Curtis Pond. — Hampshire County; 1£ miles north of Mount Pomeroy; inlet from Warner Pond; outlet a stream one-half mile long flowing southwestward into the Middle Branch or head of Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Belchertown sheet. Curtis Pond. — Worcester County; city of Worcester; principal inflowing streams, Kettle Brook and Tatnuck Brook; outlet, Blackstone River to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narrangansett Bay. Webster sheet. Cushing Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Hingham; inlet and outlet, a branch of Weir River. Abington sheet. Cutler Pond. — Essex County; a very small pond 4 miles southwest of Ipswich River; inlet, Black Brook; outlet, Black Brook to Ipswich River. Salem sheet. Cut River. — Plymouth County; a tidal channel in Duxbury Marsh. Duxbury sheet. Cuttyhunk Pond. — Nantucket County; Cuttyhunk Island (one of the Elizabeth Is- lands); tidal. Gay Head sheet. Damlot Brook. — Bristol County; town of Raynham; rises 1£ miles east of village of Raynham; flows southwesterly into Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay); length, 3 miles. Taunton sheet. Danforth Brook. — Worcester County; town of Hardwick; rises 1£ miles southwest of Ridge Hill; flows west of south 6 miles into Ware River (tributary through Chic- opee River to the Connecticut) at Gilbertville. Barre sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 329 Daniels Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in the town of Lanesboro; flows southeast- ward 3£ miles to Pittsfield, where it enters the northern arm of Lake Onota; outlet, Onota Brook to west branch of Housatonic River (tributary to the Housa- tonic). Berlin and Pittsfield sheets. Danvers River. — Essex County; a tidewater channel formed by the junction of Porter, Crane, and Waters rivers; length about 1£ miles to the Atlantic Ocean at Beverly Harbor; it is joined at its mouth by Bass River from the north and North River from the south. Salem sheet. Dansons Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Middleboro; a stream about a mile long flowing northeastward into Bartletts Brook (tributary through Wenatuxet River to Taunton River and thus to Narrangansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. Darby Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; just north of East Carver. Ply- mouth sheet. Dark Brook. — Worcester County; town of Auburn; rises 1 mile northeast of Roch- dale; flows southeastward 1£ miles, thence northeastward through Stone ville Reservoir to Kettle Brook (tributary through Blackstone River to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay) near Stoneville; length, about 5 miles. "Webster sheet. Davis Pond. — Berkshire County; a small pond northeast of Harman Marsh Pond in the northwestern part of the town of Sheffield. Sheffield sheet. Davis Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Greenwich; an expansion of the Middle Branch or head of Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut) just above the mouth of the East Branch of Swift River. Belchertown sheet. Day Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Chester; rises 1 mile southwest of North Chester; flows southeasterly 3 miles, then northeastward one-half mile to Day- ville, where it enters Middle Branch of Westfield River (tributary through West- field River to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. Deacons Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; a baylike pond connected with Vineyard Sound by a narrow channel; one-fourth mile west of Falmouth Heights. Falmouth sheet. Dead Branch. — Hampshire County; rises in the town of Goshen; flows southward into Burnell Pond; thence southeastward into East Branch (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut) one-half mile north of Bisbee Mill, in the town of Chesterfield. Chesterfield sheet. Dead Pond. — Middlesex County; a small pond in the town of Townsend lying a short distance west of south from Bixby reservoir. Groton sheet. Dead Pond. — Worcester County; town of Hardwick; a small pond in an area drained by a tributary of Muddy Brook to Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Dead Pond.— Worcester County; one-half mile north of Shirley reservoir; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing southwestward into Catacoonamug Brook (trib- utary through Shirley reservoir to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. Deans Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Mashpee; 1 mile northeast of Succones- set; separated from Nantucket Sound by a narrow ridge. Barnstable sheet . Deep Brook. — Middlesex County; rises 2 miles south of Tyngsboro at altitude 150 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 2-J miles and enters Merrimack River near North Chelmsford. Lowell sheet. Deep Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Bourne; a small pond, 1£ miles southeast of the village of Bourne. Falmouth sheet. Deep Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; one of a group of ponds lying northwest of East Falmouth. Falmouth sheet. Deep Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; one-half mile southwest of the village of Hatchville. Falmouth sheet. 330 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Deerfield River. — Windham and Bennington counties, Vt., Berkshire and Frank- lin counties, Mass.; rises in the southeastern part of the town of Sunderland, Vt.; follows a general southeasterly course to its junction with the Connecticut near Greenfield, Mass.; length above the Massachusetts State line about 30 miles; below the Massachusetts line, 42 miles. Gaging stations: At Hoosac Tunnel, 1909-1913; at Charlemont, 1913-1915; at Shelburne Falls, 1907-1915; atDeerfield, 1904-5. The most important tributaries in Vermont are the East Branch, which enters at Searsburg, the North Branch, which comes in at Wilmington, and the West Branch, which joins it at Readsboro; principal tributaries in Massachusetts, Pelham Brook, Chickley River, Mill and Clesson brooks, and North, South, and Green rivers. * The basin is in large part wooded, and little land is under cultivation except along the lower stretches. Most of the slopes are steep, and elevation in the upper part of the basin exceeds 3,800 feet above sea level. Mean annual precipitation at the headwaters probably about 48 inches; in the lower part of the basin it is several inches less; average depth of snowfall in January and February at Jack- sonville, Vt., about 25 inches; mean temperature for these months, about 18 degrees. Equinox, Londonderry, Bennington, Wilmington, Hawley, and Greenfield sheets. See also pages 89-116 of this report. Deer Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; in an angle on the north side of White Island Pond; very small. Plymouth sheet. Demons Pond. — Worcester County; town of Rutland; one mile southeast of West Rutland; three small inflowing streams; outlet, a stream 1| miles long flowing north and west into Long Pond (outlet Long Meadow Brook to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Worcester sheet. Denison Lake. — Worcester County; town of Winchendon; 3 miles southwest of the city of Winchendon; two small inflowing streams; outlet, a stream one-fourth mile long flowing south westward into Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut). The lake is nearly a mile long and more than one-fourth mile wide. Winchendon sheet. Dennis Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; one-half mile south of Yarmouth Port. Barnstable sheet. Den Stream. — Hampshire County; town of Middlefield; rises 2 miles north of the village of Middlefield; flows southeastward 3| miles, then northeastward 1£ miles into the Middle Branch of Westfield River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Becket and Chesterfield sheets. Devol Pond. — Bristol County; one-half mile east of and discharging into Sawdy (Sandy) Pond; outlet through Watuppa Pond and Quequechan River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay. Fall River sheet. See also Report of the Reservoir Commission to the city council of Fall River, Mass., July, 1902. Dickinson Brook. — Head of Munn Brook (tributary through Westfield River to Westfield River and thus to the Connecticut). Granville sheet. Dimmick Pond. — Hampden County; town of Springfield; a small pond lying half a mile southwest of Ludlow and Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut). Palmer sheet. Dismal Brook. — Hampden County, Mass.; Hartford County, Conn.; rises on the south slope of Sodom Mountain, in the town of South wick; flows southward 4 miles to North Granby, Conn., where it enters the North Branch of Salmon Brook (tributary through Salmon Brook to Farmington River and thus to the Connecti- cut). Only about a mile of the head of this stream is in Massachusetts. Gran- ville sheet. Dock Creek. — Barnstable County; town of Sandwich; a tidal channel in the marsh east of Sandwich; connects with Mill Creek. Barnstable sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 331 Doggetts Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Rochester; rises about 2 miles northwest of the village of Rochester; flows southeastward 3 miles, then north of east 1 mile into Sippicon River (tributary through Weweantic River to Buzzards Bay); principal tributary, a stream from Haskell Swamp. Middleboro and New Bedford sheets. Dorothy Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the south slope of Oak Hill, in the city of Worcester; flows southeastward to Dorothy Pond, thence south westward into Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay) at Millbury; called Broad Meadow Brook above Dorothy Pond; length to head, of Broad Meadow Brook, 5 miles. Worcester, Webster, and Blackstone sheets. Dorothy Pond. — Worcester County; at south base of Dorothy Hill; inlet, Broad Meadow Brook (head of Dorothy Brook); outlet, Dorothy Brook to Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narra- gansett Bay). Webster and Blackstone sheets. Double Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Long Pond 3£ miles northwest of Lowell; flows southeastward 1£ miles into Beaver Brook (tributary to the Mer- rimack). Lowell sheet. Double Brook. — Plymouth County; formed in South Purchase Swamp by the union of West Rocky Gutter and East Rocky Gutter brooks. West Rocky Gut- ter Brook, which drains the larger area, rises about 4 miles north of South Middle- boro; flows southward 1£ miles, then southeastward and eastward through the swamp to the junction with East Meadow Brook; below this junction Double Brook flows eastward through a pond on the edge of the swamp into W^eweantic River (tributary to Buzzards Bay); length to head of West Rocky Meadow Brook, about 5 miles. Middleboro sheet. Dragon Brook. — Franklin County; town of Shelburne; rises 1\ miles northeast of Shelburne Falls; flows southward 2 miles to the village of Shelburne, then south- eastward 2\ miles to its junction with Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecti- cut). .Greenfield sheet. Dresser Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Chesterfield; on The Branch, as the head of East Branch (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut) is , called; about a mile long and one-fourth mile wide. Chesterfield sheet. Drinkwater River. — Plymouth County; formed by two small streams which unite near North Hanover; flows southward into a pond on Indian Head River (tributary through North River to Massachusetts Bay); a western branch of Drinkwater River; drains the eastern part of the town of Rockland. Abington sheet. Dry Brook. — Berkshire County; rises 2\ miles north of Windsor; flows northwest- ward 6 miles to Maple Grove, where it enters Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson). Greylock sheet. Dry Brook.— Berkshire County; town of Sheffield; rises between Race Mountain and Mount Everett; flows southeasterly 1 mile, then southerly 1 mile into Schenob Brook (tributary to the Housatonic). Sheffield sheet. Dry Brook. — Franklin County; rises just south of the Vermont-Massachusetts boundary line between Pond Mountain and East Mountain; flows southeast- ward 7 miles to its junction with Connecticut River in the town of Gill. Green- field and Warwick sheets. Dry Brook. — Hampshire County; town of South Hadley; a stream somewhat more than a mile long, flowing southwestward into Connecticut River at Thermopylae. Northampton sheet. Duck Creek. — Barnstable County; town of Wellfleet; a tidal channel extending from Wellfleet Harbor to the village of Wellfleet. W'ellfleet sheet. 332 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Duck Hill River, or Back River. — Plymouth County; town of Duxbury; rises 1£ miles southwest of Duxbury station; flows in general northeastward and discharges through Duxbury Marsh into Duxbury Bay, a branch of Massachusetts Bay; length, including major windings in the marsh, about 5 miles. Duxbury sheet. Duck Pond. — Barnstable County; a small pond in the marsh one-half mile northwest of Provincetown. Provincetown sheet. Duck Pond. — Middlesex County; on east edge of Cow Pond Meadows, which are drained through Cow Pond Brook and Massapoag ponds to Salmon Brook, and thus to the Merrimack. Groton sheet. Dudley Brook. — Middlesex County; rises on the north slope of Nobscot Hill, 1£ miles southwest of South Sudbury, at altitude 260 feet above sea level; flows generally northward 1 \ miles, then eastward one-half mile into Hop Brook (trib- utary through Wash Brook to Sudbury River and thus through Concord River to the Merrimack). Framingham sheet. Dudley Pond. — Middlesex County; one-half mile north of Cochituate, 3 miles north- west of Natick and 1 mile east of Sudbury River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); altitude, 140 feet above sea level; part of the storage system of the metropolitan district of Boston and vicinity. Framingham sheet. Dug Brook. — Franklin County; town of Sunderland; rises 2 miles south of Mount Toby; flows southwestwarol to its junction with Connecticut River; length, 4 miles; principal tributary, Mohawk Brook. Northampton sheet. Dunbar Brook. — Franklin County; rises in the town of Stamford, Vt., flows south- eastward (as Mill Brook) across the extreme northeastern corner of Berkshire County, and enters Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) 1 mile south- east of Monroe Bridge; called Mill Brook throughout upper course ;' length to head of Mill Brook, 6 miles. Greylock and Hawley sheets. Dunn Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1 mile southeast of North Brookfield; flows southward to Perry Pond, thence southwestward into Quaboag River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) just below the outlet of Quaboag Pond; principal tributary, Moore Brook; passes through the Great Swamp east of Brookfield. Barre and Brookfield sheets. Dunns Pond. — Worcester County; town of Auburn; 1 mile north of the village of Auburn; inlet and outlet, Ramshorn Brook (tributary to Kettle Brook and thus through Blackstone River to Seekonk and Providence rivers and Narragansett Bay). Webster sheet. Dyer Pond. — Barnstable County; a small pond about a mile east of the village of Wellfleet. Wellfleet sheet. Eagle Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; a small pond 1 mile north of Osterville Harbor. Barnstable sheet. Eagle Pond. — Barnstable County; 1 mile west of North Harwich. Yarmouth sheet. East Branch. — Hampshire County; rises near the village of Goshen; flows southward through Dresser Pond, thence southwesterly to its junction with Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) ; length, 10 miles; principal tributary, Dead Branch; called The Branch between Dresser Pond and the mouth of Dead Branch. Chesterfield sheet. East Brook. — Worcester and Hampden counties; rises 1 mile northwest of Cham- berlain Mountain; flows southwesterly to its junction with Mill Brook (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound) near the village of Brimfield; length, about 5 miles; principal tributary, Sessions Brook; passes through Great Pond. Brookfield sheet. East Brookfield River. — Worcester County; the principal stream flowing into Quaboag Pond; considered the continuation of Quaboag River. See also Qua- boag River. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 333 East Creek. — Berkshire County, Mass. ; Rensselaer County, N. Y. ; rises in the north- western part of the town of Lanesboro, Mass. ; flows southwestward 5 miles into Stephentown, N. Y., then northwestward 2 miles to its junction with Kinderhook Creek (tributary to the Hudson). Berlin sheet. East Head Pond. — Plymouth County; on boundary between towns of Carver and Plymouth; outlet, Wankinco River to Wareham River and thus to Buzzards Bay. Plymouth sheet. East Pond. — Berkshire County; southeastern part of the town of New Marlboro, at the southern edge of Wolf Swamp; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing northwestward to Whiting River (tributary through Blackberry River to the Housatonic). Sandisfield sheet. East Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Greenwich; 1 mile southwest of Green- wich village, on the East Branch of Swift River (tributary through Swift River to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Belcher- town sheet. East Pond. — Nantucket County; Tuckernuck Island; northeast shore; tidal. Mus- keget sheet. Edgartown Great Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; the largest of the series of ponds on the south shore of the island; separated from the ocean by a continuous barrier beach; the pond is very irregular in outline, its northern and eastern shores being characterized by branching coves. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Eel Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; a pondlike arm of W T aquoit Bay extending northward about 1£ miles from a point near Menauhant. Falmouth sheet. Eel Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; north of Edgartown; a tidal pond on the west side of Edgartown Harbor. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Eel River. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; rises in Little South Pond, flows southward into Great South Pond, then circuitously eastward, northeastward, northward, and northwestward into the southeast end of Plymouth Harbor; length from mouth to Great Pond, 4£ miles. Plymouth # sheet. Elbow Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-half mile west of Great Herring Pond. Plymouth sheet. Elders Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Lakeville; outlet, a stream about 2 miles long flowing southward into Long Pond (tributary through Assawompsett Pond to Namasket River and thus through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay). Water used as part of the municipal supply of the city of Taunton. Middleboro sheet. Eldridges Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Harwich; one-fourth mile south of Long Pond. Yarmouth sheet. Ell Pond.— Middlesex County. See Crystal Pond. Ellinwood Brook. — Worcester County; town of Athol; rises on High Knob south of the city of Athol; flows southwestward 1£ miles, then north of west 1 mile into White Pond (outlet to Millers River and thus to the Connecticut). Winchendon and Warwick sheets. Ellis Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Bourne; half a mile north of the head of Little Buttermilk Bay, with which it is connected by a southwestward flowing stream. Plymouth sheet. Ellis Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; west of King Pond. Plymouth sheet. Ellis River. — Worcester County; town of West Brookfield; rises on the south slope of Ragged Hill; flows southeastward 3 miles into Quaboag River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut); principal tributary, Pierce Brook. Barre and Brookfield sheets. 334 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Elm Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about one-half mile west of Bedford, at altitude about 120 feet above sea level; flows generally eastward 2 miles into Shawsheen River (tributary to the Merrimack) about a mile east of Bedford; marshy through much of its course. Framingham sheet. Elmer Brook. — Hampshire County; town of South Hadley; rises west of The Notch on the south slope of the Holyoke Range ; flows southwestward 2 miles, westward 1 mile, and southward 1 mile into Bachelor Brook (tributary to the Connecticut); a number of small tributaries from the south slope of the Holyoke Range. North- ampton sheet. Emerson Brook. — Worcester County; town of Douglas; rises 2 miles southeast of East Douglas; flows southeastward 2 miles, northeastward 2 miles, then eastward and southeastward again 2 miles to its junction with Blackstone River (tributary to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Essex Branch. — See Danvers River. Essex River. — Essex County; rises in Coys Pond, 2£ miles northwest of Manchester; flows generally northeastward for about 7 miles into the Atlantic at Cross Island; passes through Round Pond and Chebacco Lake; drains Beck Pond through a small tributary; swampy throughout its course; terminates in a tidewater channel. Salem sheet. Ezekiel Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-eighth mile east of White Island Pond. Plymouth sheet. Factory Brook. — Berkshire and Hampshire counties; rises in the southern part of the town of Peru; flows east of south 8 miles through the town of Middlefield to its junction with West Branch of Westfield River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut) near Bancroft. Becket sheet. Factory Pond. — Norfolk County; on Charles River (tributary to Boston Bay). Blackstone sheet. Fairhaven Pond. — Middlesex County; \\ miles south of Concord (inlet, Sudbury River; outlet, Sudbury River to Concord River and thus to the Merrimack) ; about three-fourths mile long and one-fourth mile in maximum width. Framingham sheet. Fall Brook. — Bristol County; town of Freetown. See Namasket River. Fall Brook. — Cheshire County, N. H., Worcester County, Mass.; rises in Wheeler Pond in the town of Richmond, N. H.; flows southeastward 3 miles into the East Branch of Tully River (tributary through Tully River to Millers River and thus to the Connecticut). Warwick and Winchendon sheets. Fall Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Middleboro; rises 1£ miles south of East Middleboro; flows eastward 1 mile, then southward 3 miles into Tispaquin Pond, from which it passes westward into Namasket River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); called Shorts Brook above Tispaquin Pond; length to head of Shorts Brook, about 8 miles; principal tributaries, Woods, Story, and Shaving brooks. Middleboro sheet. Fall Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the northeast slope of Rocky Hill; flows south of east 2 miles, then northeast and east about 2 miles to its junction with North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merri- mack). Fitchburg, Worcester, and Groton sheets. Fall Hill Brook. — Franklin County; town of Orange; a stream 1£ miles long, flowing southward into Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Orange. Warwick sheet. Falls River. — Windham County, Vt., Franklin County, Mass.; rises on the east slope of East Mountain, in the eastern part of the town of Guilford, Vt.; flows GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 335 southeasterly across Bernardston, Mass., to a point opposite Turner Falls, where it joins Connecticut River; length, 13 miles; principal tributaries, Shattuck and Couch brooks. Brattleboro and Greenfield sheets. Fallulah Brook. — Worcester County; heads about 5 miles north of Fitchburg, at altitude 1,000 feet above sea level; flows southeastward into Baker Brook (tribu- tary through North Branch of Nashua River* to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack); principal tributary, Scott Brook; length, about 2\ miles. Fitchburg sheet. Farley Brook. — Middlesex County; rises one-half mile east of South Chelmsford, at altitude 180 feet above sea level; flows northeastward \\ miles into River Meadow Brook (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Lowell sheet. Farmington River. — East Branch; Hampden County, Mass., Hartford County, Conn.; formed in the southwestern part of the town of Granville, Mass., by the union of Pond and Hubbard brooks. Hubbard Brook, considered the continua- tion of the East Branch of the Farmington, rises on the south slope of Barnes Mountain, in the town of Tolland, and flows southeasterly about 6 miles; below the mouth of Pond Brook the East Branch of the Farmington flows southward 13- miles to New Hartford, Conn., where it unites with the Farmington River (trib- utary to the Connecticut). In addition to Hubbard Brook the principal tribu- taries of the East Branch of the Farmington in Massachusetts are Pond and Valley brooks. Granville and Granby sheets. Farmington River. — Massachusetts-Connecticut; heads in the town of Becket, near Becket Mountain, in Berkshire County; flows southerly and southeasterly along the boundary between Berkshire and Hampden counties, Mass., crosses the northeastern part of Litchfield County, Conn., and passes into Hartford County; below New Hartford the southeasterly course is continuous to Farmington, where the stream turns abruptly and flows northeastward to Tariff ville. From Tariff- ville the general course is again southeasterly to Windsor, where the stream enters the Connecticut; length from source in Becket to the Connecticut, about 75 miles; drainage basin, 584 square miles. Above Colebrook, where the stream enters the Connecticut, length is about 30 miles and the fall 700 feet. Total drainage area in Massachusetts, 103 square miles, of which 92.7 square miles lies above the gaging station 1 mile below New Boston; largest tributary in Massa- chusetts, Clam River. The basin contains numerous small lakes and ponds, is fairly well wooded, and a number of small power sites have been partly devel- oped; flow affected by operation of Otis reservoir. Gaging station near New Boston,, 1913-1915. Maps of basin of West Branch, Becket, Sandisfield, Win- sted, and Granby sheets. See Water Powers of the United States, Tenth Census, vol. 16, p. 240; also pp. 181-185 of this report. Farm Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; south of Cottage City ; separated from the Sound by a narrow beach. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Farm Pond. — Middlesex County; a pond at South 1 ramingham; altitude, 149 feet above sea level; part of the storage system of the metropolitan district of Boston and vicinity; connected by aqueduct with reservoirs 1 and 2 of the system. See Sudbury River. Framingham sheet. Farm Pond.— Middlesex County; 1 mile southeast of Sherborn; outlet, a stream three- fourths mile long flowing north of east into Charles River. 1 ranklin sheet. Fawn Lake. — Middlesex County; near Billerica Springs station, about \\ miles north of Bedford; outlet. Spring Brook (tributary through Shawsheen River to the Merrimack); altitude, about 180 feet above sea level; very small. I owell sheet. Fawn Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one of a group of small ponds in the southern part of the township west of Agawam River. Plymouth sheet. 336 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Fearings Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one of a group of small ponds in the southern part of the township west of Agawam River. Plymouth sheet. Federal Pond. — Plymouth County ; on line between towns of Plymouth and Carver; outlet, a stream about a mile long, flowing southwestward into a pond on Samp- son Brook (tributary through Weweantic River to Buzzards Bay); a large pond of very irregular outline. Plymouth sheet. Fenton Brook. — Berkshire County; southern part of the town of Egremont; rises on Mount Bushnell; flows northwestward 1£ miles, thence northeastward one-half mile into Karner Brook (the head of Hubbard Brook, which is tributary through Schenob Brook to the Housatonic). Sheffield sheet. Fever Brook. — West Branch; Worcester County; rises in the western part of the town of Petersham; flows southwestward about 4 miles to the west base of Rattle- snake Hill, where it joins East Branch to form Fever Brook (tributary through Middle Branch or head of Swift River to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Belchertown sheet. Fever Brook. — Worcester County; towns of Petersham and Dana; formed by two branches. The East Branch, considered the head of the brook, flows from the reservoir in the northern part of the town of Petersham, southwestward to the south base of Rattlesnake Hill where it turns abruptly and flows northwestward 1 mile to its junction with the West Branch. Below this junction Fever Brook flows southwestward somewhat more than a mile into the Middle Branch or head of Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut) south of North Dana. Winchendon, Barre, and Belchertown sheets. Field Brook. — Hampden County; town of Chicopee; rises 2 miles north of Indian Orchard; flows southwestward 4J miles into Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut) a mile east of Chicopee Falls. Springfield sheet. Fife Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in the extreme southwestern part of the town of Monroe, in Franklin County; flows southeastward 2^ miles into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Hawley and Greylock sheets. First Brook. — Franklin County; town of Buckland ; a stream about a mile long flowing northward into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Hawley sheet. First Brook. — Franklin County; town of Whately ; a stream about a mile long flowing eastward into Connecticut River. Northampton sheet. First Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston: a stream about one-half mile long flowing northwestward into Jones River (tributary through Kingston Bay to Massachusetts Bay), one-fourth mile below mouth of Second Brook. Plymouth sheet. First Herring Brook. — Plymouth County; rises one-half mile northeast of Blank Pond Hill ; flows eastward and southeastward into North River in the tidal marsh above its mouth; length, about 5 miles. Abington and Duxbury sheets. Fish Brook. — Essex County; rises about a mile east of Andover, at altitude 240 feet above sea level; takes a general course southeastward for 10 miles into Ipswich River; head of stream is called Mosquito Brook on the map; marshy throughout much of its course. Lawrence and Salem sheets. Fish Brook. — Essex County; rises in Haggetts Pond, 3 miles southwest of South Lawrence, at altitude 120 feet above sea level; flows northwestward about 3 miles into Merrimack River. Lawrence sheet. Fishing River. — Rockingham County, N. H., Essex County, Mass.; rises in the town of Plaistow in Rockingham County, N. H., at altitude about 160 feet above sea level; flows southwestward 3 miles into Little River (tributary to the Merri- mack). Haverhiil sheet. Fish Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 2 miles southeast of the city of Plymouth; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing southeastward into Mill Pond on Eel River (tributary to Plymouth Harbor). Plymouth sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 337 Fitch Pond. — Worcester County; 2 miles west of Clinton; one inflowing stream; out- let of stream 2 miles long, flowing southeast and north of east into Coachlace Pond (Clinton Mill Pond), tributary to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack. Marlboro sheet. Fivemile Pond. — Hampden County; about a mile south of Chicopee River at Indian Orchard. Springfield sheet. Fivemile Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one of a group of small ponds in the southern part of the township west of Agawam River. Plymouth sheet. Fivemile River. — Worcester County; rises 1$ miles north of Oakham; flows south- eastward 1$ miles, thence somewhat west of south to its junction with East Brook- field River (tributary through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut) at East Brookfield; passes through Brooks Pond and Furnace Pond; length. 11 miles; principal tributaries, Maynard and Horse Pond brooks. Barre and Brookfield sheets. Flag Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1 mile northeast of Wachusett Pond, at alti- tude about 1,000 feet above sea level; flows northeastward about 1£ miles into a small lake on the stream connecting Grass Pond with Whitman River (tributary through North Branch of Nashua River to Nashua River and thus to the Merri- mack). Fitchburg sheet. Flag Meadow Brook. — Middlesex County; a stream 1 mile long flowing southward into Merrimack River near Pawtucketville. Lowell sheet. Flat Brook. — Columbia County, N. Y., Berkshire County, Mass.; head of Williams River (tributary to the Housatonic). See Williams River. Flat Brook. — Worcester and Hampshire counties; rises in the southwestern part of the town of Hardwick in Worcester County; flows southward 5 miles into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) in the town of Ware. Belchertown and Palmer sheets. Flat Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Mashpee; 1 mile west of Succonesset; marshy. Barnstable sheet. Flat Pond. — Barnstable County; 2J miles southwest of the village of Orleans. Well- fleet sheet. Flat Pond. — Middlesex County; 1§ miles southeast of Townsend Harbor; two small inlets; outlet, a stream 1 mile long flowing southwestward into Squannacook River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. Flax Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Bourne; a mile southeast of North Pocas- set; marshy. Falmouth sheet. Flax Pond.— Barnstable County; town of Dennis; 2 miles south of Scargo Lake. Yarmouth sheet. Flax Pond.— Barnstable County; town of Harwich; one-half mile northwest of Har- wich station; outlet, a stream flowing southwestward into a branch of Herring River (tributary to Nantucket Sound) in the marsh northeast of West Harwich. Yarmouth sheet. Flax Pond.— Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; a small pond 1\ miles north of South Yarmouth; connected with Lilly Pond by a marsh. Yarmouth sheet. Flax Pond.— Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; 1 mile north of West Yar- mouth. Yarmouth sheet. Flax Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Wareham; a small pond lying between Agawam River and Spectacle Pond just north of Agawam. Plymouth sheet. Flints Pond.— Worcester County; west of North Grafton; an expansion of Quinsiga- mond River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Provi- dence rivers to Narragansett Bay); just below the outlet of Lake Quinsigamond. Blackstone sheet. 40966°— wsp 415—16 22 338 SUKEACE WATEKS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Flora Glen Brook. — Berkshire County^ town of Williamstown; a stream 1J miles long, flowing eastward into Hemlock Brook (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson); a mile southwest of the city of Williamstown. Greylock sheet. Flushing Pond. — Middlesex County; 2 miles west of West Chelmsford at southeast base of Flushing Hill; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing southeastward into Nabnasset Pond (tributary through Gilsons Brook to Stony Brook and thus to the Merrimack). Lowell sheet. Follins Pond. — Barnstable County; 2 miles northwest of South Dennis; on Bass River (tributary to Nantucket Sound). Yarmouth sheet. Folsom Pond. — Middlesex County; 1^ miles northeast of Way land; outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing generally southwestward into Hayward Brook (tributary to Sudbury River and thus through Concord River to the Merrimack); swampy throughout lower part of its course; altitude, about 140 feet above sea level; very small. Framingham sheet. Ford Glen Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Williamstown; rises a mile south- west of Northwest Hill; flows southeastward a mile, northeastward one-half mile into Hemlock Brook (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson) just above its mouth. Greylock sheet. Forest Pond. — Essex County; just west of Middleton; inlets, two marshy streams entering from the west; outlet, a stream flowing eastward into Ipswich River; altitude about 100 feet above sea level; length, about three-fourths mile; maxi- mum width, about one-fourth mile. Lawrence sheet. Forest Pond. — Hampden County; town of Palmer; east of Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) with which it is connected; two inflowing streams, one of which drains Calkins Pond; connected with Patta- quattic Pond. Palmer sheet. Forest River. — Essex County; a tidewater channel 2 miles west of Marblehead- Salem sheet. Forge Pond. — Bristol County; town of Raynham; an expansion of Pine Swamp Brook (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); southwest of the village of Raynham. Taunton sheet. Forge Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Granby; several small inflowing streams; outlet, Bachelor Brook (tributary to the Connecticut) which flows through the pond. Belchertown sheet. Forge Pond. — Middlesex County; south of Forge Village; inlets, Beaver Brook and Bennett Brook; outlet, Stony Brook to Merrimack River; altitude about 200 feet above sea level; length, 1 mile; maximum width, one-half mile. Lowell sheet. Forges Pond; Bristol County; an expansion of Assonet River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); 1J miles northeast of Assonet village. Taunton sheet. Forked Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; south shore; separated from the ocean by a narrow beach. Nantucket sheet. Fort Meadow Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 1\ miles northwest of Marl- boro, at altitude 280 feet above sea level; flows northeastward 5£ miles into Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack) about 2 miles east of Hudson; passes through Fort Meadow Reservoir. Marlboro sheet. Fort Meadow Reservoir.— Middlesex County; about 1$ miles southeast of Hudson and 1 mile north of Marlboro; altitude 250 feet above sea level; inlet, Fort Meadow Brook and several other small streams; outlet, Fort Meadow Brook (tributary through Assabet River to Concord River and thus to the Merrimack); length about 1J miles; maximum width, one-half mile. Marlboro sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 339 Fort Pond Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in a swamp about 2 miles southwest of Littleton Common, at altitude 260 feet above sea level; flows northeastward one- half mile to Long Pond, then takes an irregular course southward 6£ miles to South Acton; from South Acton it flows generally eastward 4 miles to Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); passes through Fort Pond, about one-half mile south of Long Pond, and through an unnamed pond one-fourth mile from its mouth; marshy through most of its course; principal tributaries, Guggins, Heathen Meadow, and Nashoba brooks. Groton and Framingham sheets. Fort Pond. — Middlesex County; 2£ miles south of Littleton Common; altitude 240 feet above sea level; inlet, a stream 1£ miles long flowing southward from Long Pond; outlet, Fort Pond Brook (tributary through Assabet River to Concord River and thus to the Merrimack). Lowell and Framingham sheets. Fort Pond.— Worcester County; 1 mile southeast of Lunenburg station; no outlet mapped, but topography indicates natural outlet northward through Turner Pond- to Bow Brook and thus through Nashua River to the Merrimack. Groton sheet. Fort River.- — Hampshire County; formed east of Amherst by the union of Adams and Amethyst brooks. Amethyst Brook, which drains the larger area and is therefore considered the continuation of the main stream, rises in the southern part of the town of Shutesbury, in Franklin County; flows southwestward 3 miles, then west ward 3 miles to East village, where it receives Adams Brook. From this point Fort River flows very irregularly southwestward into Connecticut River about a mile northeast of Hockanum; length to head of Amethyst Brook, 15 miles. The river receives many small tributaries draining the north slope of Holyoke Range. Belchertown and Northampton sheets. Foster Brook. — Worcester County; town of Gardner; rises about a mile northeast of the city of Gardner; flows southwestward into Otter River (tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut); passes through a number of small ponds; prin- cipal tributaries, Pew and Baker brooks. Fitchburg and Winchendon sheets. Fosters Pond. — Essex County; about 2£ miles south of Andover, at altitude 80 feet above sea level; inlet, a stream about 1^ miles long from the north; outlet, a stream flowing northwestward about 1 mile into a pond on Shawsheen River (tributary to the Merrimack) on the south slope of Pole Hill; southeast end of Fosters Pond is marshy. Lawrence sheet. Foundry Brook. — Franklin County; town of Coleraine; rises on Christian Hill; flows southeastward 3$ miles into East Branch of North River (tributary through North River to Deerfield River and thus to the Connecticut) at Foundry village. Greenfield sheet. Fourmile Brook. — Bristol County; town of Attleboro; rises 2 miles southwest of the city of Attleboro; flows northwestward 1 mile, southwestward and westward 2 miles into Sevenmile River (tributary to Tenmile River and thus through Seekonk River to Providence River which discharges into Narragansett Bay) near South Attleboro. Providence sheet. Fourmile Brook. — Franklin County; rises on the west slope of Crag Mountain; flows northwestward and westward about 1 mile, then southward and southwestward 3£ miles into Connecticut River at Northfield Farms. Warwick sheet. Fourmile Pond. — Essex County; in a swamp about 3 miles south of Georgetown; inlet, Pye Brook connecting it with Spoffords Pond; outlet, Pye Brook (tributary through Mile Brook to Ipswich River); length, about one-half mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile; altitude, about 120 feet above sea level. Lawrence sheet. 340 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Fox Brook. — Worcester County; town of Blackstone; rises 1| miles northwest of Waterbug Hill; flows southeastward 3 miles, then somewhat east of south 2 miles to its junction with Blackstone River (tributary to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay) near the city of Blackstone. Blackstone sheet. Fox Creek.— Essex County; a tidal creek east of Tilton Hill; joins Ipswich River at its junction with Treadwells Island Creek; connected by a canal with Castle Neck River, another tidewater channel. Salem sheet. Freeland Brook. — Hampden County; rises 1 mile north of Blandford; flows south- eastward 2\ miles, then northeastward 2 miles to Russell, where it joins Black Brook (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Granville sheet. Freemans Brook. — Worcester County; town of Webster; rises near the city of Web- ster; flows southward into the northern part of the town of Thompson, Windham County, Conn., then turns to the west and joins the French River (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound) at Wilsonville; about 3 \ miles long. Webster sheet. Freemans Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Brewster; in the marsh north of West Brewster; connected with Cape Cod Bay by a short stream. Wellfleet sheet. French Brook. — Worcester County; rises about 1 mile east of Boylston Center, at altitude about 620 feet above sea level; flows in general northwestward and discharges into Wachusett Reservoir on Nashua River (tributary to Merrimack River) ; length, originally about 4 miles; partially flooded by Wachusett Reservoir. Marlboro sheet and maps of Metropolitan Water District. French River. — Worcester County, Mass., Windham County, Conn.; rises about 2 miles north of the village of Leicester; flows southward through Sargent Pond to Greenville Reservoir, thence southeastward through Rochdale Pond and a number of ponds above North Oxford, then southward to its junction with Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound) at Mechanicsville, in the town of Thompson, Windham County, Conn.; length about 26 miles; called Town Meadow Brook above Greenville Reservoir. The basin contains many ponds, the largest being Lake Chaubuna- gungamaug. Webster and Putnam sheets. French Stream. — Plymouth County; rises about 1 mile north of North Abington; flows southeastward 2 miles into a pond south of Rockland; considered the head of North River; See North River. Abington sheet. Fresh Brook.— Barnstable County; rises 1^ miles southeast of South Wellfleet; flows westward into Cape Cod Bay; in salt marsh except at head. Wellfleet sheet. Fresh Pond. — Barnstable County; south of South Dennis. Yarmouth sheet. Fresh Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; south of the village of Fal- mouth. Falmouth sheet. Fresh Pond.— Middlesex County; west of Cambridge; connected by an artificial channel with Alewife Brook (tributary to Mystic River); formerly part of the reservoir system of Boston and vicinity; length, about one-half mile, maxi- mum width about one-half mile. Boston sheet. Fresh Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-eighth mile east of the south end of Beaver Dam Pond and one-half mile west of the beach. Plymouth sheet. Fresh River. — Plymouth County; rises near Fort Hill in the town of Hingham; flows southwestward 1 mile, then westward one-half mile into Weymouth Back Fd^er. Abington sheet. Frog Foot Brook. — Plymouth County; a stream about 2 miles long, rising in the southwestern part of the town of Plymouth and flowing southwestward into Tihonet Pond on Wankinco River (tributary through Wareham River to Buz- zards Bay). Plymouth sheet. GAZETTEER 0F % STREAMS. 341 Frost Fish Brook. — Essex County; rises 4 miles northwest of Beverly and flows generally southward 3 miles to a point just east of Danvers, where it forms a tide- water channel called Porter River (tributary to Essex Branch and thus to the Atlantic). See Porter River. Salem sheet. Fuller Brook. — Berkshire and Hampshire Counties; rises in the town of Peru 1£ miles north of Peru Hill; flows southeastward 5 miles into the Middle Branch of Westfield River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Becket and Chesterfield sheets. Fuller Brook. — Franklin County; town of Hawley; a stream about 2 miles long, flowing northward into Chickley River (tributary through Deerfield Paver to the Connecticut), one-half mile above the mouth of King Brook. Hawley sheet. Furnace Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston; rises half a mile southeast of Pine Hill; flows in general east of north 2 miles into Jones River (tributary through Kingston Bay to Massachusetts Bay); passes through several small ponds. Middleboro and PK mouth sheets. Furnace Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Middleboro; an expansion of Fall Brook. See Fall Brook. Middleboro sheet. Furnace Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Pembroke; inlet from No Bottom Pond and from another small pond about three-fourths mile east of its southern end. Furnace Pond is separated from Oldham Pond and Great Sandy Bottom Pond by a ridge less than one-eighth mile wide. Abington sheet. Furnace Pond. — Worcester County; at East Brookfield; inlet, Fivemile raver; outlet, Fivemile River to East Brookfield River (tributary through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut); the pond is nearly 1^ miles long and more than half a mile wide at its northern end. Brookfield sheet. Further Creek. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; one of a series of tidal inlets at the western end of the island. Muskeget sheet. Gales Brook. — Franklin County; the head of Orcutt Brook. See Orcutt Brook. Warwick sheet. Galloway Brook. — Worcester County; town of Barre; rises 1 mile west of the village of Barre; flows southeastward 2 miles into Prince River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Gallows Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; west of north end of Long Pond. Plymouth sheet. Gardner Lake. — Essex County; just west of Salisbury and north of Amesbury; inlet, Powow River; outlet, Powow River to Merrimack River; length, 1^ miles; maximum width, about one-fourth mile; south end of lake lies between Whittier and Powow hills; altitude, 100 feet above sea level. Newburyport sheet. Garfield Lake. — Berkshire County; town of Monterey; south and west of Hunger Mountain; outlet, Konkapot River to Housatonic River. The lake is nearly '2 » miles long and about one-half mile in maximum width. Sandisfield shoet. Gates Brook. — Worcester County; rises about 1 mile north of Summit Station, on the Fitchburg and Worcester Railroad, at altitude 670 feet above sea level; flows some- what east of north about 3 miles into Wachusett reservoir. Worcester sheet and maps of Metropolitan water district. Gates Pond. — Worcester County; 2 miles southwest of Hudson, at altitude about 340 feet above sea level; outlet, a small stream about 1 mile long flowing into Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); lcmrth, about three- fourths mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile. Marlboro sheet. Gibbs Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; 2\ miles northwest of Sias- conset; circular in outline. Nantucket sheet. Gilsons Brook.— Middlesex County; a stream about \\ miles long flowing south- eastward into Stony Brook (tributary to Merrimack River) near West Chelmsford; principal tributary, a stream from Nabnasset Pond. Lowell sheet. 342 SURFACE WATERS -OF MASSACHUSETTS. Gleasons Pond.— Middlesex County; just east of Learned Pond a ad north of South Framingham; one-half mile southeast of Sudbury River (tributary through Con- cord "River to the Merrimack); altitude, about 160 feet above sea level. Fram- ington sheet. Glen Brook, East Branch. — Franklin County; rises one-half mile southeast of Frizzell Hill, in the town of Leyden; flows southwestward 2 miles into Glen Brook (tributary through Green River to Deerfield River and thus to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. Glen Brook. — Franklin County; rises near the village of Leyden; flows irregularly southward 6 miles to its junction with Green River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. Glen Lewis Pond. See Walden Pond. Glenmere Lake. — Essex County; just north of the town of Lynn; inlets, two small streams, unnamed on the map, coming in from the north; outlet, Staceys Brook, wnich discharges into Nahant Bay; altitude, 60 feet above sea level; very small. Boston Harbor sheet. Glen Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Wareham; one-half mile southwest of White Island Pond; inlet, Agawam River; outlet, Agawam River to Wareham River and thus to Buzzards Bay. Plymouth sheet. Globe Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the southwest slope of Wheelock Hill; flows in general west of south into Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound) at the city of Southbridge; length, about 7 miles. Brookfield sheet. Goddard Brook. — Franklin County; town of Montague; rises 2 miles northeast of the village of Montague; flows northwestward one-half mile, then southwestward 2 miles into Saw Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. Goddard Pond. — Worcester County; town of Grafton; inlet and outlet, Quinsigamond River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Golden Cove Brook. — Middlesex County; rises one-half mile northeast of Chelmsford Center, at altitude 120 feet above sea level; flows eastward three-fourths mile into River Meadow Brook (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); marshy. Lowell sheet. Goldthwait Brook. — Essex County; rises in Cedar Pond, 3 miles west of Peabody, at altitude 80 feet above sea level; flows generally eastward 3 miles to its junction with Proctor Brook to form North River (which joins the Atlantic Ocean at Beverly Harbor); principal tributary, Tapley Brook. Salem sheet. Goodell Hollow Brook. — Berkshire County; rises on the southwest slope of Mount Grey lock; flows northwestward about 2 miles into Green River (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson) 2 miles southeast of South Williamstown. . Greylock sheet. Goodrich Hollow Brook. — Berkshire County, Mass., Rensselaer County, N. Y.; rises in Berry Pond, in the southeastern part of the town of Hancock; flows west- ward into Wyomanock Creek (tributary through Kinderhook Creek to the Hudson); length in Massachusetts, about 2 miles. Berlin sheet. Goodrich Pond. — Berkshire County; east of Pittsfield; several inflowing stream's; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing northeastward into Housatonic River. Becket sheet. Goose Branch. — Bristol County; town of Norton; a stream about 2\ miles long flowing northeastward into Wading River (tributary through Threemile River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay) near Barrowsville. Taunton sheet. Goose Pond. — Barnstable County; 1 mile northeast of South Chatham. Yarmouth sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 343 Goose Pond. — Berkshire County; 3 miles southeast of the city of Lee; inlet from Upper Goose Pond; outlet, Goose Pond Brook to Coddings Brook (tributary to Housatonic River). Becket sheet. Goose Pond Brook. — Berkshire County; rises 1£ miles northwest of West Becket; flows northwestward through Upper Goose Pond to Goose Pond, south westward through Goose Pond, then northwestward to East Lee, where it joins Coddings Brook (tributary to the Housatonic); length below Goose Pond, 2\ miles. Becket sheet. Goose Pond, Upper. — Berkshire County; 4£ miles southeast of the village of Lee; outlet to Goose Pond, which discharges through Goose Pond Brook to Coddings Brook and thus to Housatonic River; a mile long and very narrow. Becket sheet. Gore Pond. — Worcester County; town of £)udley; outlet to South Charlton Reservoir and thus to Little River (tributary through French River to Quinebaug River and thus through Shetucket and Thames rivers to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Gosnold Pond. — Nantucket County; CuttyhUnk Island; separated from Buzzards Bay by a narrow reef. Gay Head sheet. Governor Brook. — Worcester County; rises about 2 miles southeast of Princeton Center, at altitude 720 feet above sea level; flows southward about 2 miles into Trout Brook (tributary to Quinapoxet River and thus to Wachusett reservoir). Worcester sheet. Grace Brook. — Franklin County; town of Warwick; the head of Moss Brook (tribu- tary through Millers River to the Connecticut). Warwick sheet. Granger Brook. — Berkshire and Franklin counties; a stream about \\ miles long, rising on the eastern slope of the Hoosac Range in the northeastern part of Berk- shire County, and flowing eastward into Mill Brook (the head of Dunbar Brook, tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut) at the village of Monroe. Greylock sheet. Grass Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 1 mile west of Blanchard Hill, in the town of Dunstable; flows southeastward 1 mile, then eastward about \\ miles into Salmon Brook (tributary to the Merrimack) . Groton sheet, on which it is called Jointgrass Brook, and Lowell sheet. Grass Pond. — Barnstable County; three-fourths mile north of Harwich Port; at the west end of a marsh which is drained from the east end by a small stream flowing southward into Nantucket Sound. Yarmouth sheet. Grass Pond. — Worcester County; a large pond of very irregular outline wtdch receives the overflow from Wachusett and Meeting House ponds and discharges by a stream flowing northeastward to Whitman River (tributary through North Branch of Nashua River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack) ; altitude, about 870 feet above sea level. Fitchburg sheet. Grassy Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Dennis; 2 miles southeast of Scargo Hill. Yarmouth sheet. Grassy Pond. — Middlesex County; a small pond about 2 miles northeast of West Acton and 1 mile east of Fort Pond Brook (tributary through Assabet River and thus through Concord River to the Merrimack); altitude 240 feet above sea level. Lowell and Framingham sheets. Grassy Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; a small pond 1 mile south of Billington Sea. Plymouth sheet. Grassy Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one of a group of small ponds in the southern part of the township west of Agawam River. Plymouth sheet. Gravel Pond. — Essex County; 2 miles northwest of Manchester; a short distance south of Chebacco Lake (tributary to Essex River); altitude, 60 feet above sea level; small. Salem sheet. 344 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Great Brook. — Franklin County; town of Shelburne; rises on the left slope of Greenfield Mountain; flows southward 2 miles into Hawkes Brook (tributary through Dragon Brook to Deerfield River and thus to the Connecticut). Green- field sheet. Great Brook. — Hampden County; rises in Congamuck ponds; flows west of north about 2 miles, then irregularly northeastward to Westfield, where it enters West- field River (tributary to the Connecticut); length, 8 miles. Granville and Springfield sheets. Great Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1^ miles northeast of Summit Station; flows in general southeastward into Lake Quinsigamond (outlet. Quinsigamond River to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narra- gansett Bay); length, about 4 miles. Worcester sheet. Great Brook. — Worcester County; town of Brookfield; rises 1^ miles west of Wheel - , ock Hill; flows northward 2 miles, then westward one-half mile into Quaboag Pond on Quaboag River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Brookfield sheet. Great Drain. — Franklin County; town of Sunderland; rises near the village of Sunderland; flows southwesterly into Connecticut River; 2 miles long. North- ampton sheet. Great Herring Pond. — Plymouth and Barnstable counties; inlet from Little Her- ring Pond; outlet, Monument River to Buzzards Bay; the pond is about 2 miles long and less than one-half mile wide, and all except its southeastern end is in Plymouth County. Plymouth sheet. Great Mioxes Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; one of the numerous elongated ponds on the south shore of the island; separated from the ocean by a barrier beach. Nantucket sheet. Great Pond. — Barnstable County; a small pond in the marsh 1\ miles northwest of Provincetown. Provincetown sheet. Great Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; outlet, a stream flowing southward and southwestward into Nantucket Sound, at the west side of New Harbor, near Osterville Landing; about 1£ miles long and 1£ miles in maximum width. Barnstable sheet. Great Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Eastham; one of a group of ponds south of Eastham Center. Wellfleet sheet. Great Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; a pondlike bay connected by a narrow channel with Vineyard Sound. Falmouth sheet. Great Pond. — Barnstable County; town^of Wellfleet; 1\ miles east of the village of Wellfleet; connected with Long Pond by a short stream. Wellfleet sheet. Great Pond. — Franklin County; town of Ashfield; northwest of the village of Ash- field; two inflowing streams ;f outlet, South River to Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Hawley sheet. Great Pond.— Franklin County; town of Montague; two inflowing streams, one of which, the head of Pond Brook, flows through the pond to its junction with Saw Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. Great Pond. — Hampden County; town of Brimfield; principal inlet, East Brook; outlet, East Brook to Mill Brook (tributary through Quinebaug River to She- tucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Great Pond. — Norfolk County; between the towns of Holbrook and Weymouth; two small inflowing streams, one of which is considered the head of Weymouth Back River; outlet, Mill River (WeymouthJ Back River) to Whitmanl Pond. See Weymouth Back River. Maximum length of Great Pond, 1^ miles; altitude, about 160 feet above sea level. Used as water supply for Weymouth. Abington sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 345 Great Pond. — Norfolk County; on line between towns of Randolph and Braintree one inlet; outlet, a stream one-eighth mile long flowing northward into Wey mouth Fore River in the swamp west of South Braintree. Dedham sheet. Great Quittacas Pond. — Plymouth County; a pond about 2 miles in greatest length by 1|- miles in width, immediately south of eastern arm of Assawompsett Tond; principal inflowing streams. Black Brook and a short stream from Little Quittacas Pond; natural outlet, Mattapoisett River; water diverted from the Quittacas ponds for the municipal supply of New Bedford. Middleboro sheet. Great Sandy Bottom Pond.— Plymouth County; immediately south of Oldham Pond and west of Furnace Pond; inlet from Little Sandy Bottom Pond. Abing- ton sheet. Great South Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; inlet from Little South Pond; natural outlet, Eel River to Plymouth Harbor; about three-fourths mile long and one-half mile wide. Used as part of water supply of city of Plymouth. Plymouth sheet. Great Swamp Brook. — Essex County; rises in a swamp 2\ miles east of Georgetown, at altitude 60 feet above sea level; flows generally eastward \\ miles into Mill Creek (tributary through Parker River to Plum Island' River and thus to the Atlantic Ocean). Marshy throughout most of its course. Salem sheet. Green Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Carver; rises in Johns Pond about a mile south of village of North Carver; flows somewhat west of north into Wena- tuxet River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); about 2 miles long. Middleboro sheet, Greenes Creek. — Essex County; a tidewater channel from Plum Island River (sepa- rated from the Atlantic Ocean by Plum Island). Salem sheet. Green Harbor River. — Plymouth County; towns of Duxbury and Marshfield; rises one-half mile east of Cranberry Pond on South River; flows in general north- eastward to Green Harbor Marsh, then southeastward through the marsh into Massachusetts Bay; length, about 7 miles: total drainage area, above mouth about 7.5 square miles; the marshes lie just back of the seacoast line and are separated from the ocean by Branch's and Hewitt's islands and by sand and shingle ridges between the islands and north and south of them. The fresh- water flow of the river is very small. Duxbury sheet. See also Report of the Joint Board consisting of the Harbor and Land Commissioners and the State Board of Health upOn the restoration of Green Harbor in the town of Marshfield, Mass., 1898. Green Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; a pondlike bay connected with Vineyard Sound by a narrow channel. Falmouth sheet. Green Pond. — Franklin County; town of Montague; 1£ miles southwest of Millers Falls and one-eighth mile north of Great Pond. Greenfield sheet. Green River. — Berkshire County; rises on Pratt Hill, in the town of Lanesboro; flows northward through New Ashford to South Williamstown, thence northeast- ward to its junction with Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson) at Williams- town; length, about 12 miles; principal tributaries, East Branch, West Branch, and Hopper Brook. Berlin and Grey lock sheets. Green River. — Columbia County, N. Y.; Berkshire County, Mass.; rises in No Bot- tom Pond, in the northeastern part of the town of Austerlitz, N. Y.; flows west of south to Upper Green River, thence southeasterly to the southern part of Great Barrington, Mass., where it joins Housatonic River; length, about 18 miles, of which 9 miles is east of the Massachusetts-New York line; principal tributary in Massachusetts, Seekonk Brook. The river furnishes part of the municipal sup- ply of the village of Great Barrington. Pittsfield and Sheffield sheets. 346 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Green River, East Branch.— Berkshire County; rises on the southeast slope of Sugarloaf Mountain, in the town of New Ashford; flows northward 3 miles into Green River (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson) 2 miles northeast of the village of New Ashford. Greylock sheet. Green River, West Branch. — Berkshire County; rises in the northwestern part of the town of Hancock; flows southeastward 1 mile, then northeastward 5 miles to South Williamstown, where it joins Green River (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson). Berlin and Greylock sheets. Green River.— Windham County, Vt.; Franklin County, Mass.; rises on Hogback Mountain, in the town of Marlboro; flows in general southeasterly to its junction with Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Greenfield; length, 27 miles, of which 13 miles is below the Massachusetts line; principal tributaries, West Hollow, Hibbard, Workman, Glen, Hinsdale, and Mill brooks. Wilming- ton, Brattleboro, and Greenfield sheets. •Greenville Reservoir. — Worcester County; town of Leicester; principal inlets, stream from Stiles Reservoir and Town Meadow Brook (head of French River); outlet French River to Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Green water Pond. — Berkshire County; 1£ miles south of Becket Mountain; natural outlet, a stream about 5 miles long flowing north of west into Housatonic River at Lee. The outlet stream is not named on the map, but a manuscript report on the Pittsfield-Becket folio indicates that this is Coddings Brook, which fur- nishes the municipal supply for the village of Lee. Becket sheet. Grews Pond. — Barnstable County; one of a group of small ponds lying north of the city of Falmouth. Falmouth sheet. Griffin Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in the western part of the town of Rich- mond; flows east of south 4 miles into Shaker Mill Pond (outlet Williams River to the Housatonic); passes through a pond that is a short distance north of Shaker Mill Pond. Pittsfield sheet. Griffiths Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Brewster; 1 mile east of West Brews- ter. Yarmouth sheet. Guggins Brook. — Middlesex County; rises one-half mile northeast of Boxboro, at altitude 340 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 1£ miles, then eastward 1£ miles into Fort Pond Brook (tributary through Assabet River to Concord River and thus to the Merrimack; marshy throughout much of its course. Marlboro and Framingham sheets. Guilder Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Mount Washington; a stream about a mile long flowing southwestward and joining City Brook to form Bashbish Brook (tributary through Rocliff Jansen Kill to the Hudson). Sheffield sheet. Guilder Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Mount Washington; between Mount Undine and Mount Everett. Sheffield sheet. Gulf Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in South Pond, in the town of Florida; flows southeastward 1 mile, then northeastward 1£ miles into Cold River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Greylock sheet. Gulf Brook. — Franklin County; town of Orange; a stream about a mile long flowing northward into Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Orange. Warwick sheet. Gulf Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Heald Pond in the town of Pepperell; flows northward about 2£ miles into Nissitisset River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack) in Hilisboro County, N. H. Groton sheet. Gull Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Wellfleet; one of a group of ponds north- east of the village of Wellfleet. Wellfleet sheet. Gunners Exchange Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1 mile southeast of Great South Pond. Plymouth sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 347 Gushee Pond. — Bristol County; town of Raynham; in Titicut Swamp; outlet, a stream flowing northwestward through the swamp, then west of south into Forge Pond on Pine Swamp Brook (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay). Taunton sheet. Hacker Pond. — Franklin County; town of Salem; inlet, stream not named on map, enters at south end; outlet, stream flowing northeasterly to Spectacle Ponds and thence to Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut). Warwick sheet. Haggetts' Pond. — Essex County; about 2\ miles west of Andover, at altitude 120 feet above sea level; inlets, 2 small streams, unnamed on the map; outlet, Fish Brook (tributary to Merrimack River); length, 1 mile; maximum width, one-half mile. Lawrence sheet. Haley Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Otis; a mile northeast of Benton Lake; outlet, a stream \\ miles long flowing westward into the stream connecting White Lily Pond with Benton Lake (outlet through Otis Reservoir to Farmington River and thus to the Connecticut). Sandisfield sheet. Halfway Pond. — Barnstable County; \\ miles north of Hyannis. Barnstable sheet. Halfway Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; a very small pond 2\ miles northwest of South Yarmouth. Yarmouth sheet. Halfway Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; immediately west of Long Pond, from which it is separated by a narrow ridge; outlet, Agawam River to Wareham River and thus to Buzzards Bay. Plymouth sheet. Halfway Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; central part of township; outlet, Agawam River to Wareham River (tributary to Buzzards Bay); nearly a mile long and more than one-half mile in maximum width; altitude, about 70 feet. Plymouth sheet. Halls Brook. — Plymouth County; rises in the southern part of the town of Duxbury; flows southward 2 miles, then southeastward 2 miles into Jones River (tributary through Kingston Bay to Massachusetts Bay), about a mile northeast of Kingston; principal tributaries, Bassett, Sampson, Mile, and Tussock brooks; passes through Blackwater Pond. Abington and Duxbury sheets. Hamant Brook. — Worcester County; rises about 2 miles south of Land Mine Moun- tain; flows northeastward 4 miles into Quinebaug River (tributary through She- tucket River to Thames River, and thus to Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Hamilton Reservoir. — Hampden County; town of Holland; principal inlet, stream from Mashapaug Pond and Stevens Brook; outlet, a stream flowing northeastward one-half mile, thence northwestward and westward nearly a mile into Holland Pond (outlet to Mill Brook and thus through Quinbaug River to Shetucket River, Thames River, and Long Island Sound). The reservoir is about 2 miles long and nearly half a mile in maximum width. Brookfield sheet. Hammond Brook. — Plymouth County; rises 1 mile west of South Wareham, flows southward 2 miles, then southeastward 1 mile into Weweantic River (tributary to Buzzards Bay); principal tributary, stream from Blackmore Pond. Middle- boro and New Bedford sheets. Hammond Pond. — Middlesex County; one-half mile southwest of Chestnut Hill; one small inlet; outlet, a stream about 5 miles long that winds very irregularly westward and northward through Newton Center and Newtonville into Charles River opposite Watertown. Boston sheet. Hampton Pond. — Hampshire and Hampden Counties; outlet through Horse Pond Brook (tributary through Powder Mill Brook to Westfield River, and thus to the Connecticut) ; about a mile long and one-half mile in in maximum width. Spring- field sheet. 348 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Harbor Pond. — Middlesex County; on Squannacook River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack) at Townsend Harbor; inlet from Bixby reser- voir. Groton sheet. Hardys Pond. — Middlesex County; north of Waltham; one inlet — the head of Beaver Brook; outlet, Beaver Brook to Charles River. Boston sheet. Harlow Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-fourth mile west of Cooks Pond; very small. Plymouth sheet. Harman Marsh Pond. — Berkshire County; northwestern part of the town of Shef- field; two inflowing streams; outlet, a stream a mile long flowing southeastward into Willard Brook (tributary through Hubbard Brook to Schenob Brook and thus to the Housatonic). Sheffield sheet. Harmon Pond. — Berkshire County; town of New Marlboro; outlet, a stream a mile ' long flowing northwestward to a branch of Konkapot River (tributary to the Housatonic). Sandisfield sheet. Harris Pond (now drained). — Franklin County; 1J miles northwest of West Orange; formed by three inflowing streams, one of which, Moss Brook, passed through the pond to its junction with Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut). War- wick sheet. Harris Pond. — Worcester County; town of Blackstone; an expansion of Mill River (tributary to Blackstone River, and thus through Seekonk and Providence Rivers to Narragansett Bay), north of the city of Woonsocket, R. I. Blackstone sheet. Hart Brook. — Hampshire County; rises on the north slope of the Holyoke Range, in the town of Amherst; flows northwestward 2\ miles into Fort River (tributary to the Connecticut). Northampton sheet. Hartwell Brook. — Franklin County; town of Charlemont; rises a mile northeast of Bald Mountain; flows southeastward 2 \ miles into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Hawley sheet. Hartwell Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about a mile south of Bedford at alti- tude 150 feet above sea level; flows northeastward \\ miles into Elm Brook (tributary through Shawsheen River to the Merrimack; marshy through much of its course. Framingham sheet. Hastings Pond. — Franklin County; town of Warwick; a mile southeast of the village of Warwick; two small inflowing streams; outlet, Hodge Brook to Gales Brook (the head of Orcutt Brook, tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut). Warwick sheet. Hatches Creek. — Barnstable County; a channel in the marsh 2 miles southwest of South Wellfleet. Wellfleet sheet. Hatchet Brook. — Worcester County; town of Southbridge; rises in Hatchet Pond in the northwest corner of the town of Woodstock, Windham County, Conn.; flows northeastward 4 miles into Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River, and thus to Long Island Sound), near the village of Westville. Brookfield sheet. Hathaway Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Lakeville; a stream about a mile long flowing eastward into the stream connecting Elders Pond with Long Pond (tributary through Assawompsett River to Namasket River, and thus through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. Hawes Brook. — Norfolk County; rises in Buckmaster Pond, in the southwestern part of the town of Dedham; flows in general east of south about 3 miles to its junction with Neponset River. Dedham sheet. Hawkes Brook. — Essex County; rises on the eastern slope of Spicket Hill, near Ayers Village, at altitude 200 feet above sea level; flows in a general southeasterly direction about 4 miles into Marrimack River at Kimball Island, 3 miles north- east of Lawrence. Haverhill and Lawrence sheets. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 349 Hawkes Brook. — Essex County; rises 1 mile west of South Lynnfield; flows gen- erally southward 3 miles into Saugus River (tributary to Boston Bay) a short ' distance above its entrance to Prankers Pond. Lawrence and Boston sheets. Map in report of Massachusetts State Board of Health, 1895, p. 74. Hawkes Brook. — Franklin County; town of Shelburne; rises on Brimstone Hill; flows southwestward 1£ miles into Dragon Brook (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. Hayden Pond. — Worcester County; town of Dudley; outlet, a stream that passes through several small ponds to Larned Pond and thus through Merino "Pond to French River (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Hayes Pond. — Berkshire County; south of Kingsbury Mountain; outlet, Hop Brook to Housatonic River. Sandisfield sheet. Hayward Brook. — Middlesex County; rises 1$ miles east of Wayland, and 6 miles north of Natick, at altitude about 140 feet above sea level; flows southwestward 1 mile, then westward 1 mile through a swamp into Sudbury River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Framingham sheet. Hayward Creek. — Norfolk County; a tidal inlet connecting with Weymouth Fore River south of Quincy Neck. Abington sheet. Hazzard Pond. — Hampden County; town of Russell; outlet, a stream 1 mile long flowing northeastward into Potash Brook (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut) near Salmon Falls. Granville sheet. He aid Pond.— Middlesex County; 2 miles west of Pepperell; outlet, Gulf Brook to Nissitisset River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. Hearthstone Brook. — Hampshire County; a stream about 1 mile long, rising on the west slope of Mount Orient and flowing southwesterly and westerly into Adams Brook (tributary through Fort River to the Connecticut). Belchertown sheet. Heath Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in the town of Tewksbury, 1| miles south of Tewksbury Center, at altitude about 100 feet above sea level; flows generally north of east 1| miles into Shawsheen River (tributary to the Merrimack). Law- rence sheet. Heathen Meadow Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 1 mile southeast of Box- boro at altitude 300 feet above sea level; flows southward 2 miles, eastward one- half mile, then northeastward 2 miles into Fort Pond Brook (tributary through Assabet River to Concord River and thus to the Merrimack) one-half mile south of West Acton; marshy near its mouth. Marlboro and Framingham sheets. Hedge Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; inflowing stream drains two small ponds; outlet, a stream half a mile long flowing northeastward into Plymouth Bay at High Cliff. Plymouth sheet. Heird Pond.— Middlesex County; in a swamp 1£ miles north of Saxonville; outlet, a very short stream to Sudbury River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); altitude, about 120 feet above sea level; length, one-half mile; max- imum width, one-fourth mile. Framingham sheet. Hell Pond. — Worcester County; one-half mile west of Hartford station on the Wor- cester & Nashua division of the Boston & Maine Railroad; outlet, a stream li miles long flowing southwestward through a swamp into Nashua River (tributary to Merrimack River). Groton sheet. Hemlock Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in the northwestern part of Williams- town; flows southeastward 3 miles, then east of north about 3 miles to its junction with Iloosic River (tributary to the Hudson) a mile north oi the city of Williams- town; tributaries, Sweet Brook and Buxton Brook. Berlin and Greylock sheets. 350 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Henshaw Pond. — Worcester County; town of Leicester; outlet, a stream 2| miles long flowing west of south into Rochdale Pond on French River (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Herring Brook. — Plymouth County; northern part of town of Carver; rises in Wen- ham Pond; flows southeastward a mile into South Meadow Brook (head of We- weantic River which is tributary to Buzzards Bay). Middleboro sheet. Herring Brook. — Plymouth County; rises about 1 mile southwest of West Dux- bury; flows northwestward 4 miles into Indian Head River (North River); prin- cipal tributaries, Pudding Brook, Little Pudding Brook, and Swamp Brook. Abington sheet. Herring Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Eastham; one of a group of ponds south of Eastham Center. Wellfleet sheet. Herring Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Wellfleet; inlets from Slough and Hig- gins ponds; outlet, Herring River to Wellfleet Harbor, Cape Cod Bay. Wellfleet sheet. Herring Pond. — Barnstable County; 2 miles north of West Falmouth; outlet, a stream flowing westward into Buzzards Bay. Falmouth sheet. Herring River.— Barnstable County; rises in Long Pond; flows southwestward through Hinckleys Pond to North Harwich, then very irregularly southward into Nantucket Sound; length, about 6 miles. Yarmouth sheet. Herring River. — Barnstable County; rises in the Mill ponds south of West Brew- ster; flows northward through a marsh into Cape Cod Bay; a channel in the marsh connects Herring River with Quivett Creek; length of river from the bay to lower end of the Mill ponds, about 1 mile. Yarmouth and Wellfleet sheets. Herring River. — Barnstable County; town of Wellfleet; rises in Herring Pond; flows southwestward and southward through the marshes north and west of Well- fleet into Wellfleet Harbor, Cape Cod Bay. Wellfleet sheet. Herring River. — Barnstable County; a channel in the marsh 1\ miles north of Rock Harbor. Wellfleet sheet. Hibbard Brook. — Franklin County; town of Leyden; a stream 1| miles long, flowing southwestward into Green River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Con- necticut) southeast of West Leyden. Greenfield sheet. Hicks Pond. — Worcester County; town of Charlton; a mile north of Charlton City; outlet, Cady Brook, to Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Higgins Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Wellfleet; one of a group of ponds northeast of Wellfleet village; outlet, through Herring Pond and Herring River to Wellfleet Harbor, Cape Cod Bay. Wellfleet sheet. Higher Brook. — Hampden County; rises in the town of Ludlow, on the south slope of Facing Hills; flows west of south 4 miles, northwesterly 2 miles, then south- westerly and southerly 3 miles into Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecti- cut). Palmer and Springfield sheets. Hinckley Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; on the southeastern edge of the marshes. Barnstable sheet. Hinckleys Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Harwich; inlet, Herring River from Long Pond; outlet, Herring River to Nantucket Sound; about three-fourths mile long; nearly one-half mile wide. Yarmouth sheet. Hinsdale Brook.— Franklin County; town of Shelburne; rises 2 miles northwest of East Shelburne; flows southeastward 5 miles into Green River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut) ; principal tributary, Allen Brook. Greenfield sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 351 Hitchcock Pond.— -Hampden County; town of Holyoke; north of and connected with Ashley Pond; outlet, Black Brook to Westfield River (tributary to the Con- necticut); much smaller than Ashley Pond; principal inlet, the head of Black Brook. Springfield sheet. Hither Creek. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; one of a series of tidal inlets at the western end of the island. Muskeget sheet. Hobbs Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in the marsh northeast of the village of Lincoln, flows southeastward 1% miles, then in general west of south 4 miles into Stony Brook (tributary to Charles River). Framingham sheet. Hobbs Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1£ miles northeast of Walker Pond; flows southwestward through Walker Pond and the pond north of the village of Stur- bridge into Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound); length about 5 miles. Brookfield sheet. Hobomoc Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Pembroke; a small pond connected by a northward flowing stream with Herring Brook (tributary to North River). Abington sheet. Hobomoc Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Pembroke; three-fourths mile east of Furnace Pond. Abington sheet. Hockomock River. See Town River. Hocomoco Pond. — Worcester County; 2 miles west of Westboro; one inlet; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing northeastward to Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Marlboro sheet. Hodge Brook. — Franklin County; town of Warwick; rises in Hastings Pond; flows first eastward and then southward to its junction with Gales Brook (head of Orcutt Brook, tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut) ; about 2 miles long. Warwick sheet. Hodges Brook.- — Bristol County; town of Mansfield; rises 2 miles southwest of the city of Mansfield; flows southward into Wading River (tributary through Three- mile River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay) ; about 3 miles long. Franklin, Dedham, and Taunton sheets. Hodges Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1\ miles southeast of Half- way Pond. Plymouth sheet. Hog Brook. — Worcester and Middlesex counties; rises about 2 miles west of Hudson at altitude 420 feet above sea level; flows generally northeastward 1% miles, then southeastward 1 mile into Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack) just southwest of Hudson. Marlboro sheet. Hog Ponds. — Barnstable County; two small ponds lying south of the village of Farmersville. Barnstable sheet. Holden Reservoir. — Worcester County; between Stone House Hill and Asne- bumskit Hill; three small inflowing streams; natural outlet, Tatnuck Brook to Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay); used as a part of the water-supply system of Worcester. Worcester sheet. Holland Pond.— Hampden County; town of Holland; north of the village of Hol- land; inlet, stream from Hamilton Reservoir; outlet, a stream flowing somewhat west of north through a swamp to Mill Brook (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Hollow Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Lanesboro; a stream 2\ miles long flowing southeastward into Sachem Brook (tributary through Pontoosuc Lake to West Branch of Housatonic River and thus to Housatonic River). Berlin sheet. Hollow Brook.— Hampden County; towns of Wales and Brimfield. See Quinebaug River. 352 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Homer Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; one of a series of ponds on the south shore of the island, separated from the ocean by a continuous barrier beach; east of Tisbury Great Pond. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Hood Pond. — Essex County; 4 miles southeast of Georgetown; inlets, two small marshy streams coming in from the north; outlet, a small marshy stream to Pye Brook (tributary through Mile Brook to Ipswich River) ; length about one-half mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile. Salem sheet. Hoop Brook. — Hampshire County; rises 2 miles south of Mount Lincoln; flows southwe3tward H miles, westward 2 miles, thence northwestward 3 miles through Lawrence Swamp into Fort River (tributary to the Connecticut). Belchertown sheet. Hooper Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; a small pond 2 miles south- east of Great South Pond. Plymouth sheet. Hoosic River. — Rises about 2 miles northwest of Dalton, in Berkshire County, Mass., at an altitude of 1,300 feet above sea level. Its general course lies first somewhat east of north to North Adams, where it receives its North Branch, thence north- westward passing across the extreme southwestern corner of Vermont into Rens- selaer County, N. Y.; at the northern border of that county it turns and flows irregularly westward, joining the Hudson opposite Stillwater. The total, length of the river to the head of the South Branch or main stream is about 5G miles; its fall is 1,220 feet. Area of drainage basin, about 730 square miles (Rafter); principal tributaries, Little Hoosic and Walloomsac rivers and Tomhannock Creek, all of which enter in the State of New York. The principal tributaries in Massa- chusetts are North Branch of the Hoosic and Green rivers. Most of the other tributaries are short and unimportant. The country drained is to a great extent rugged and mountainous, the sum- mits of the Taghkanick and Petersburg ranges attaining elevations of 1,000 to 2,000 feet above sea level, and- the Ragged Mountains, south of North Adams, culminating in Mount Greylock at 3,505 feet above' sea. The immediate valley of the Hoosic comprises a moderately hilly, open country, which is good farming land, even to the tops of the hills and is well cultivated. The stream is one of the largest tributaries of the Hudson and, excepting per- haps the Mohawk, is the most important in point of manufacturing. A large share of the fall has been improved. Tenth Census Report, vol. 16; Rafter, Hydrology of the State of New York, Bull. 85, N. Y. State Museum. Becket, Greylock, Berlin, Hoosic, and Cohoes sheets. Hoosic River, North Branch. — Bennington County, Vt., Berkshire County, Mass.; rises in the town of Stamford, near Heartwellville, Vt., flows southwestward to the city of North Adams, where it joins Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson); length, 11 miles; principal tributaries in Massachusetts, Hudson and Hunterfield brooks. Bennington and Greylock sheets. Hop Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in Hayes Pond south of Kingsbury Mountain; flows northwesterly through Tyringham into Housatonic River; length, 8 miles. Sandisfield and Becket sheets. Hop Brook. — Franklin. County; town of New Salem; rises 2 miles northwest of the village of New Salem; flows southeasterly to Hop Brook Pond, then northeasterly into the Middle Branch or head of Swift -River (tributary through Ware River to the Chicopee and thus to the Connecticut) at Millington; principal tributary, Moose Horn Brook. Belchertown sheet. Hop Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about one-fourth mile east of reservoir No. 5, 4 miles northwest of Framingham Center, at altitude 260 feet above sea level; takes a very irregular course northward for 5 miles to its junction with Run Brook, GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 353 then flows generally southeastward 2£ miles to its junction with Landham Brook to form Wash Brook (tributary through Sudbury Paver to Concord River and thus to the Merrimack) ; marshy throughout part of its course ; passes through several small lakes; principal tributaries, Run and Dudley brooks. Framingham sheet. Hop Brook Pond. — Franklin County; town of New Salem; inlets, Moose Horn and Hop brooks; outlet, Hop Brook to Middle Branch or head of Swift River (tribu- tary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Bel- chertown sheet. Hop Brook. — Worcester County; rises one-half mile south of Shrewsbury, on the north slope of Golden Hill ; takes a very circuitous but in general easterly course to its junction with Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merri- mack), 2 miles south of Northboro; principal tributary, Bummet Brook. Marl- boro sheet. Hop Brook. — Worcester County; rises a mile east of Wigwam Hill; flows southeastward into Mill River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay) near East Blackstone; about 4 miles long. Blackstone sheet. Hopper Brook.— Berkshire County; formed in The Hopper by the union of small streams draining the western slope of Mount Williams, Mount Fitch, and Mount Greylock; flows northwestward 2 miles, then northward 1^ miles into Green River (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson) at Sweets Corners. Grey- lock sheet. Horn Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Becket; 2£ miles east of Becket Center; outlet, a stream 1 mile long flowing southeastward into Walker Brook (tributary through West Branch of Westfield River to Westfield River and thus to the Con- necticut). Becket sheet. Horn Pond. — Middlesex County; on the southwest outskirts of Woburn; inlets, several small streams entering from the west ; outlet, a stream flowing southeastward into Wedge Pond and thus through Aberjona River and Mystic lakes to Mystic River, which discharges into Boston Bay; altitude, 60 feet above sea level; length, about one-half mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile. Boston sheet. Horse Leech Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Wellfleet; one of a group of ponds northeast of the village of Wellfleet. Wellfleet sheet. Horse Neck Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Carver; a stream about a mile long flowing southeastward into a pond on South Meadow Brook (head of Wewean- tic River, which is tributary to Buzzards Bay). Middleboro sheet. Horse Pond Brook. — Worcester County; town of North Brookfleld; rises in Horse Pond, 2 miles north of North Brookfleld; flows southeastward 3 miles into Five- mile River (tributary through East Brookfleld River to Quaboag River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Horse Pond. — Hampden County; south of and connected with Hampton Pond (outlet, Pond Brook to Powder Mill Brook, which is tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Springfield sheet. Horse Pond. — Worcester County; 2 miles north of North Brookfleld; outlet, Horse Pond Brook to Fivemile River (tributary through East Brookfleld River to Quaboag River and thus through Chicopee" River to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Houghton Pond. — Norfolk County; town of Randolph (?); 1 mile south of east of Great Blue Hill; two inflowing streams, one of which is considered the head of Weymouth Fore River; outlet, Weymouth Fore River. Dedliam sheet. 40966°— wsp 415—16 23 354 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Housatonic Branch. — Berkshire County; rises in the eastern part of town of Rich- mond, one-half mile west of Osceola Mountain; flows west of north to Richmond Pond, then winds northeasterly and easterly to the south border of the city of Pittsfield, where it joins the west branch of Housatonic River (tributary of Housatonic River) ; length below Richmond Pond, 4^ miles; principal tributaries, Shaker, Phelps, and Smith brooks. Pittsfield sheet. Housatonic Branch. — Berkshire County; rises in the town of Peru, 1£ miles south of the village of Peru; flows westward into Housatonic River in the town of Hins- dale; about 4 miles long; principal tributary, stream from Ashmere Lake. Becket sheet. Housatonic River. — Berkshire County, Mass.; Litchfield, Fairfield, and New Haven counties, Conn.; rises near Washington Station in the % town of Wash- ington; flows northward through Hinsdale to Dalton, thence southwestward to Pittsfield, where it receives a branch from the north (the west branch); thence southerly to Long Island Sound in the vicinity of Stratford, Conn.; length about 125 miles; drainage area, 1,930 square miles; drainage area above Massachusetts State line, 532 square miles, of which 487 square miles is in Massachusetts, 33 square miles in New York, and 12 square miles in Connecticut; principal tribu- tariesabove Pittsfield, Housatonic Branch (Hinsdale\ East Branch, West Branch; below Pittsfield the ^principal tributaries in Massachusetts are Sackett Brook, Yokum River, Hop Brook, Williams and Green rivers, Hubbard Brook, and Konkapot River. Some of the headwater streams rise at altitudes exceeding 2,000 feet above sea level. At Pittsfield the river is about 1,000 feet above sea level. The head- water region is forested, but the lower part of the basin consists principally of farm lands. Power has been developed at Housatonic, Great Barrington, and a number of other places in Massachusetts. Gaging stations: Great Barrington, Mass., 1913-1915, Falls Village, Conn., 1912-1915. Maps of basin: Berlin, Greylock, Becket, Pittsfield, Sheffield, Sandisfield, Cornwall, Winsted, New Bedford, Waterbury, Danbury, Derby, Norwalk, and Bridgeport sheets. See pages 33-40 of this report. Housatonic River, East Branch. — Berkshire County; rises in the town of Wind- sor; flows southwesterly to Dalton. where it joins the Housatonic; length, 8 miles; tributaries all short. Greylock and Becket sheets. Housatonic River, West Branch. — Berkshire County; rises in the southwestern part of the town of New Ashford; flows southerly to its junction with Housatonic River on the south border of the city of Pittsfield; passes through Pontoosuc Lake; length, 12 miles; principal tributaries, Onota Brook and Housatonic Branch (Pittsfield). The name West Branch is here applied to this stream to dis- tinguish it from the main Housatonic which drains the area lying east of Pitts- field, though no such distinction is made on the map. Berlin, Greylock, Pitts- field, and Becket sheets. House Brook. — Middlesex County; rises 1£ miles southeast of South Chelmsford, and about one-fourth mile north of Tophet Swamp, at altitude 160 feet above sea level; flows northeastward three-fourths mile into River Meadow Brook (tribu- tary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Lowell sheet. Hoveys Pond. — Essex County; 1 mile northwest of West B oxford and 2 miles south- west of South Groveland; outlet, a stream about a mile long that passes through a very small pond and flows northeastward into Johnsons Pond (outlet through a small stream to the Merrimack); altitude, 140 feet above sea level; very small. Lawrence sheet. GAZETTEER OP STREAMS. 355 Howard Brook.— Plymouth County; town of Kingston; a stream about 2 miles long flowing southwestward into Jones River (tributary to Kingston Bay). Abington sheet. Howard Brook.— Worcester County; rises on the northwest slope of Mount Pisgah; flows southeastward about 4 miles into Cold Harbor Brook (tributary through Assabet River to the Concord and thus to the Merrimack) just above the entrance of Cold Harbor Brook; passes through two small lakes. Marlboro sheet. Howlett Brook.— Essex County; a stream 1£ miles long in the marsh northeast of Topsfield. Mile Brook (tributary to Ipswich River) is formed by the junction of Pye and Howlett brooks. Salem sheet. Hoxie Creek.— Berkshire County; rises on the northeast slope of Mount Greylock,' flows southeastward 2\ miles to Adams, where it enters Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson). Greylock sheet. Hubbard Brook. — Berkshire County; rises (as Karner Brook) in the northwestern part of the town of Mount Washington; flows northerly into Egremont, easterly to South Egremont, then southeasterly to Sheffield, where it joins Schenob Brook (tributary to the Housatonic); called Karner Brook west of South Egremont; length to head of Karner Brook, 10 miles, principal tributary, Willard Brook; passes through Mill Pond northwest of Sheffield. Sheffield sheet. Hubbard Brook. — Hamden County; head of East Branch of Farmington River (tributary through Farmington River to the Connecticut). Granville sheet. Hudson Brook. — Bennington County, Vt., Berkshire County, Mass.; rises in the western part of the town of Stamford, Vt.; flows southesterly 6 miles to North Adams, Mass., where it joins North Branch of Hoosic River (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson). Bennington and Greylock sheets. Hummock Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; an elongated pond separated from the ocean by a narrow beach and extending in a northeasterly direction more than half way across the western end of the island. Nantucket sheet. Hunterfield Brook. — Berkshire County, Mass.; rises in the northwestern part of the town of Clarksburg; flows southeasterly 3 miles, then west of south \\ miles to North Adams, where it enters the North Branch of Hoosic River (tributary through the Hoosic River to the Hudson). Greylock sheet. Hunting Brook; Cheshire County, N. H., Worcester County, Mass. The contin- uation of Tilly Brook — the head of East Branch of Tully River (tributary through Millers River to Connecticut River). See Tully River. Winchendon sheet. Huntinghouse Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Carver; a stream 1£ miles long flowing northwestward into Stony Brook (tributary through Wenatuxet River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. Indian Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; rises in the eastern part of the township; flows northeastward 2\ miles and discharges into Cape Cod Bay north of Indian Hill. Plymouth sheet. Indian Head Brook. — Plymouth County; rises in Maquan Pond; flows southwest- ward to Indian Head Pcnd, then westward and northward through the pond near Hanson to its junction with Indian Head River (tributary through North River to Massachusetts Bay); length, about 5 miles. Abington sheet. Indian Head Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Hanson; inlet from Maquan Pond; outlet, Indian Head Brook to Indian Head River and thus through North River to Massachusetts Bay. Abington sheet. Indian Head River. — Plymouth County; the middle stretch of North River, q. v. The principal tributaries of Indian Head River are Drinkwater River, Indian Head Brook, and Herring Brook. Abington sheet. 356 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS-. Indian River. — Essex County; rises on the southwest slope of Archeland Hill, 1 mile east of West Newbury, at altitude 140 feet above sea level; flows westward one- half mile, then generally northward 2\ miles, passing along the west slope of Pipestave Hill and discharging into Merrimack River about 3£ miles west of New- buryport. Newburyport sheet. Ipswich River. — Middlesex and Essex counties ; rises 2 miles southwest of Wilmington Center, at altitude 120 feet above sea level; flows generally eastward 13 miles, northward 5 miles, then eastward 5 J miles into Wenham Swamp; between this point and the mouth it has a drainage area of 96.7 square miles. From Wenham Swamp it takes a general course north of east for 10 miles to the Atlantic ; marshy throughout most of its course; principal tributaries, Maple Meadow, Lubbers, Bear Meadow, Martins, Wills, Boston, Fish, Mile, Howlett, and Black brooks, and Miles River. Lawrence and Salem sheets. Ironstone Reservoir. — Worcester County, Mass., and Providence County, R. I.; one inflowing stream; outlet a stream one-half mile long flowing northeastward into Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay) ; the reservoir is about 2 miles long and one-eighth mile in maximum width. Blackstone sheet. Ironwork Brook; Berkshire County; town of Sheffield; rises in the northeastern part of the township; flows southward 3 miles, then southwesterly, westerly, and southerly 2J miles into Housatonic River. Sheffield sheet. Island Creek. — Plymouth County; town of Duxbury; rises 1 mile west of the south end of Island Creek Pond; flows eastward into the pond, and then southward into Kingston Bay, a branch of Massachusetts Bay; length, 2jniles. Duxbury sheet. Island Creek Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Duxbury; one inflowing stream, considered head of Island Creek; outlet, Island Creek to Kingston Bay, a branch of Massachusetts Bay. Duxbury sheet. Island End River. — Middlesex County; a short tidal creek just west of Chelsea; about a mile long; joins Mystic River opposite Charlestown. Boston sheet. Island Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-fourth mile west of north end of Great Herring Pond. Plymouth sheet. Island Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1 mile south of Beaver Dam Pond. Plymouth sheet. Island Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1| miles east of the south end of Great South Pond; inlet, a short stream flowing eastward from Jenkins Hole. Plymouth sheet. Israels Pond. — Barnstable County; 2 J miles north of Hyannis; near Yarmouth Camp Grounds. Barnstable sheet. Jabish Brook. — Hampshire County; rises on the east slope of Mount Lincoln in the town of Pelham; flows in general southeasterly 13 miles to a point one-fourth mile east of Barretts Junction, where it enters Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Belchertown and Palmer sheets. Jack Brook. — Franklin County; rises on the east slope of Brush Mountain; flows east of south 3 miles into Keyup Brook (tributary through Millers River to the Con- necticut). Warwick sheet. Jacob Pond. — Plymouth County; northeast of Assinippi; inlet and outlet, Third Herring Brook (tributary to North River). Abington sheet. Jamaica Pond. — Suffolk County; west of Jamaica Plain; outlet through a chain of small ponds and the Back Bay Fens to Charles River. Boston sheet. James Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about one-half mile northeast of Groton; flows southward 3 miles, then westward \\ miles into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 357 James Pond. — Barnstable County; a small pond three-fourths mile west of South Yarmouth; one-eighth mile from Long Pond. Yarmouth sheet. James Pond.— Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; northern part of West Tisbury; connected with Vineyard Sound through a channel into Lamberts Cove. Mar- thas Vineyard sheet. Jenkins Hole. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1 mile east of the south end of Great South Pond; outlet eastward to Island Pond. Plymouth sheet. Jenkins Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; If miles northwest of East Flamouth. Falmouth sheet. Jennings Pond. — Middlesex County; 1£ miles northeast of Natick; inlet, stream flowing through two small lakes in the marsh northwest of the pond; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing southeastward into Morses Pond (tributary through Waban Lake to Charles River). Framingham sheet. Jobs Neck Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; one of a series of ponds on the south shore of the island, separated from the ocean by a continuous barrier bench; a short distance west of Edgartown Great Pond. Marthas Vineyard sheet. John Pond. — Barnstable County; 3 miles north of Waquoit village; about a mile long; the pond has two outlets, one (Childs River) flowing from the south end, the other (Quostinet River) flowing eastward through a marsh and then south- ward, from the north end; both rivers discharge through Waquoit Bay into Nan- tucket Sound. Falmouth sheet. John Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Mashpee; at the head of an eastern arm of Waquoit Bay, on Nantucket Sound. Barnstable sheet. Johnsons Pond. — Essex County; 2-| miles southeast of Bradford, and just southwest of Groveland; inlets, streams from Hoveys and Chadwick ponds, and a small stream from an unnamed pond; outlet, a stream that passes through several unnamed ponds and flows northward 1^ miles into Merrimack River, one-fourth mile west of Groveland; altitude, 80 feet above sea level; length, about 1 mile; maximum width, about one-half mile. Lawrence sheet. Johns Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Carver; about a mile south of village of North Carver; outlet, Green Brook to Wenatuxet River (tributary through Taun- ton River to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. Joice Creek. — A channel in the marsh northeast of Yarmouth Port; connects with Chase Garden Creek. Yarmouth sheet. Jonathan Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Wareham; a small pond without natural surface outlet, used by Onset as a source of municipal water supply. Plymouth sheet. Jones River Brook. — Plymouth County; rises in the town of Plympton; flows northwestward 2 miles, northward 1£ miles, then northeastward 1 mile into Jones River (tributary through Kingston Bay to Massachusetts Bay) . Middleboro sheet. Jones River. — Essex County; a tidewater channel about 1J miles long, one arm of which connects with Little River and another arm with Squam River. Jones River also joins Squam River at its mouth. Pierce Island is formed by the two junctions of Squam and Jones Rivers. Gloucester sheet. Jones River. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston; the natural outlet of Silver Lake. See Silver Lake. The general course of the river is eastward and Lt discharges into Kingston Bay; the head of the river above Silver Lake is called Tubbs Meadow Brook; principal tributary, Jones River Brook. Abington, -Middleboro, and Plvmouth sheets. 358 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Jordan Pond. — Worcester County; town of Shrewsbury; a small pond one-fourth mile east of Lake Quinsigamond (tributary through Quinsigamond River to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narra- ganset Bay) into which it discharges by a westward flowing stream. Marlboro sheet. Juniper Pond. — Berkshire County; town of New Marlboro; one inlet; outlet, a stream 1^ miles long flowing southward into Konkapot River (tributary to the Housatonic) at Mill River village; very small. Sheffield sheet. Justice Brook. — Worcester County; rises about 3 miles southwest of Leominster, at altitude 810 feet above sea level; flows in general southerly to its junction with Stillwater River (tributary to Wachusett reservoir); passes through two ponds. Fitchburg and Worcester sheets. Karner Brook. — Berkshire County; head of Hubbard Brook (tributary through Schenob Brook to Housatonic River). Sheffield sheet. Kearney Brook. — Hampshire County; rises on Bryant Mountain in the western part of the town of Cummington; flows southeastward 3 miles into Bronson Brook, the head of West Branch (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. Keen Brook. — Plymouth County; rises north of West Duxbury; flows northeastward 2 miles into South River (tributary to Massachusetts Bay). Abington and Duxbury sheets. Kelleys Pond. — Barnstable County; south of West Dennis; outlet southward into the small marsh lying east of the mouth of Bass River. Yarmouth sheet. Kendall Pond. — Worcester County; 1 mile east of the village of East Templeton; outlet, a stream one-eighth mile long flowing northeastward into Otter River (tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut). Winchendon sheet. Kenoza Lake. — Essex County; one-half mile northeast of Haverhill, 1£ miles north of Merrimack River; altitude, about 120 feet above sea level; length, about 1 mile; maximum width, one-half mile. Haverhill sheet. Kettle Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the west slope of Little Asnebumskit Hill; flows southeastward through many small ponds to Stoneville; thence east- ward and northward to its junction with Blackstone River (tributary through See- konk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay) in the southwestern part of the city of Worcester; principal tributaries, Lynde, Dark, and Ramshorn brooks. Worcester and Webster sheets. Keyes Brook. — Middlesex County; rises on the northwest slope of Snake Meadow Hill, 2 miles northwest of Graniteville ; flows very irregularly northeastward to Keyes Pond, thence southeastward to Stony Brook (tributary to the Merrimack) near Westford station. Called Meadow Brook above Keyes Pond. Length to head of Meadow Brook, 4£ miles; below Keyes Pond, 2 miles. Lowell sheet. Keyes Brook.— Worcester County; rises in a pond 1 mile east of Wachusett Pond in the town of Princeton, at altitude about 810 feet above sea level; flows south- eastward, about 1£ miles into the lake at East Princeton that forms the head of Stillwater River (tributary to Wachusett reservoir). Fitchburg and Worcester sheets. Keyes Pond.— Middlesex County; 1£ miles north of Graniteville; inlet, Meadow Brook (head of Keyes Brook) and Spaldings Brook; outlet, Keyes Brook to Merrimack River; altitude, 180 feet. Lowell sheet. Keyup Brook.— Franklin County; towns of Northfield and Erving; rises 1 mile south of Alexander Hill; flows southward into Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Erving; principal tributary, Jack Brook; 5 miles long. Warwick sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 359 Kickamuit River. — Bristol County, Mass., and Bristol County, R. I.; rises in Warren reservoir in the town of Swansea; flows southwest ward to Warren, thence south- eastward to Narragansett Bay through Mount Hope Bay; tidal in its lower course. Taunton and Narragansett Bay sheets. Kidder Brook. — Franklin County; town of Warwick; a stream about a mile long, flow- ing westward and uniting with Mountain Brook to form Mirey Brook (tributary through Ashuelot River to the Connecticut). Warwick sheet. Kiln Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in a small pond 3£ miles east of Concord and 2\ miles south of Bedford, at altitude about 160 feet above sea level; flows north- ward \\ miles, then eastward about a mile into Shawsheen River (tributary to Merrimack River); marshy near its junction with the Shawsheen. Framingham sheet. Kimball Pond. — Essex County; 1 mile north of Merrimacport and 2 miles west of Amesbury; inlet, a stream about 1 mile long flowing in from the northwest; outlet, a small stream to Powow River (tributary to the Merrimack); altitude, 100 feet above sea level; length, three-fourths mile; maximum width, one-half mile. Newburyport sheet. King Brook. — Franklin County; rises in Plainfield Pond north of West Mountain; flows northeastward 1 mile, then northerly 2 miles into Chickley River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut); tributary, Basin Brook. Hawley sheet. King Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 2 miles southwest of Billington Sea. Plymouth sheet. Kings Brook. — Hampden County; rises in the swamp east of Pattaquattic Hill; flows west of south \\ miles, then southeastward 2\ miles into Quaboag River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) about a mile south of West Brimfield. Palmer sheet. Kingsbury Pond.— Norfolk County; a small pond lying 1 mile south of Charles River and 2 miles southeast of Medway. Franklin sheet. Kings Pond. — Bristol County; town of Raynham; an expansion of Pine Swamp Brook (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay) ; north of the village of Raynham. Taunton sheet. Kinney Brook.— Hampshire and Berkshire counties; rises \\ miles west of Ring- ville; flows southeasterly 5 miles to Dayville, where it enters Middle Branch of Westfield River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Chester- field sheet. Kitchen Brook. — Berkshire County, rises on the north slope of Rounds Rock, in New Ashford; flows southeastward 3£ miles to Cheshire, where it enters Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson). Greylock sheet. Kneeland Brook.— Worcester County; rises \\ miles north of Crystal Lake in the town of Gardner; flows southwestward into Otter River (tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut) west of the city of Gardner; principal tributary, Wilder Brook, joins it in a pond just above its mouth. Fitchburg and Winchendon sheet*. Knop Pond.— Middlesex County; south end of. Cow Pond Meadows; 2\ mile south- east of Groton; inlets from Springy Pond; outlet, a stream about one-eighth mile long flowing northwestward into Cow Pond Brook (tributary through Salmon Brook to the Merrimack) in Cow Pond Meadows. Groton sheet. Konkapot Brook.— Berkshire County; rises in the eastern part of the town of Great Barrington; flows northward 6 miles into Housatonic River in the southern part of the town of Stockbridge; principal tributary, Agawam Brook. Sheffield and Pittsfield sheets. 360 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Konkapot River. — Berkshire County; rises in Lake Garfield, in the town of Monterey- flows southwesterly through Monterey and New Marlboro to the village of Sodom in North Canaan, Conn., where it turns and flows northwesterly into Berkshire County, Mass., and joins Housatonic River near Ashley Falls in the southeastern part of the town of Sheffield; length below Lake Garfield, about 18 miles; principal tributaries, Rawson Brook, and stream from Lake Buell. The drainage basin lies almost entirely in Massachusetts. Sandisfield and Sheffield sheets. Labor in Vain Creek. — Bristol County; town of Somerset; a stream about 3 miles long flowing southeastward into Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay) at Somerset. Taunton sheet. Labor in Vain Creek. — Essex County; rises 1 mile southeast of Ipswich and flows generally northward 1J miles into Ipswich River; marshy throughout its course. Salem sheet. Lagoon Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; between Cottage City and Vine- yard Haven ; the bar across "the north end of the pond is broken in several places so that the pond is tidal. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Landham Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 1| miles northwest of Framing- ham Center, at altitude about 260 feet above sea level; flows eastward 1| miles, then generally northward 2J miles to its junction with Hop Brook to form Wash Brook (tributary through Sudbury River to Concord River and thus to the Merri- mack) on the south slope of Green Hill near South Sudbury; swampy near its mouth; head of stream called Hop Brook on the map. Framingham sheet. Lane Pond. — Worcester County; one-half mile east of Turkey Hill, near the divide between waters flowing to the Nashua (and thus to the Merrimack through Shirley Reservoir) and Mulpus Brook. Grotoh sheet. Larkum Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Otis; just north of the western arm of Otis Reservoir; outlet, a stream one-eighth mile flowing southwesterly into the stream connecting Otis Reservoir with the head of Farmington River (tributary to the Connecticut); small. Sandisfield sheet. Larned Pond. — Worcester County; town of Dudley; inflowing stream drains a number of small ponds including Hayden Pond; outlet through Merino Pond to French River (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Laurel Lake. — Berkshire County; towns of Lenox and Lee; outlet, a stream a mile long flowing southeastward into Housatonic River at Lee. Pittsfield sheet. Lawrence Brook. — Cheshire County, N. H., Worcester County, Mass.; formed in the town of Fitz william, N. H., by the union of streams flowing from Little Monad - nock Mountain and The Pinnacle; flows southward (as Kemp Brook) to Meadow Pond, from which it emerges as Lawrence Brook and flows southward and south- westward to its junction with the East Branch of Tully River (tributary through Tully River to Millers River and thus to the Connecticut) in the northwestern part of the town of Royalston; length to head of Kemp Brook, 13 miles; principal tributary in Massachusetts, Beaver Brook. Monadnock and Winchendon sheets. Lawrence Brook. — Middlesex County; rises 5 miles northwest of Lowell at altitude 320 feet above sea level; flows southwestward 2\ miles into Merrimack River; principal tributary, !T stream from Tyngs Pond. Lowell sheet. Lawrence Pond. — Barnstable County; one of a group of ponds north of the village of Farmersville. Barnstable sheet. Lead Mine Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the west slope of Lead Mine Moun- tain; flows southwesterly through Lead Mine Pond into Mashapaug Pond in the northeastern part of Union township, Conn.; the outlet of Mashapaug Pond is a . stream flowing northwestward into Hamilton Reservoir (outlet through Holland Pond to Mill Brook and thus through Quinebaug, Shetucket, and Thames rivers to Long Island Sound) in the southeastern part of the town of Holland, Hampden County. Brookfield sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 361 Lead Mine Pond. — Worcester County; on the southwest slope of Lead Mine Mountain; outlet, Lead Mine Brook to Mashapaug Pond (in Connecticut), thence northward through Hamilton Reservoir to Holland Pond and Mill Brook to Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Learned Pond. — Middlesex County; just north of South Framingham, one-half mile southeast of Sudbury River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); about 160 feet above sea level. Framingham sheet. Lebanon Brook. — Worcester County; town of Southbridge; rises in the northwestern part of the town of Woodstock, Windham County, Conn.; flows southeastward through a series of small ponds about 2 miles, thence northeastward 7 miles to its junction with Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound) at the village of Sandersville. Brookfield sheet. Leech Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1^ miles west of the city of Plymouth; very small. Plymouth sheet. Lee Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Mount Washington; outlet, Lee Pond Brook to Bashbish Brook (tributary through Rocliff Jansen Kill to the Hudson); very small. Sheffield sheet. ' Lee Pond Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Mount Washington; rises in Lee Pond; flows northwestward 2£ miles into Bashbish Brook (tributary through Rocliff Jansen Kill to the Hudson). Sheffield sheet. Lees River. — Bristol County; a tidal channel from Mount Hope Bay extending from the bay to Swansea. Fall River sheet. Leonards Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Rochester; inlets, East and West branches of Sippicon River, which unite at the head of the pond; outlet, Sippicon River to Weweantic River and thus to Buzzards Bay. Middleboro and New Bedford sheets. Lewin Brook. — Bristol County; town of Swansea; a stream about 2\ miles long flow- ing southwestward into Lees River (tributary to Mount Hope Bay and thus to Narragansett Bay) at Swansea. Taunton and Fall River sheets. . Lewis Pond. — Barnstable County; 1^ miles north of Hyannis. Barnstable sheet. Lewis Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; in the marsh west of the mouth of Parkers River (tributary to Nantucket Sound). Yarmouth sheet. Lilly Pond. — Barnstable County; a small pond 1^ miles northeast of South Yarmouth; connected with Flax Pond by a marsh. Yarmouth sheet. Lily Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; a small pond lying immediately north of the Old Colony Railroad track. Barnstable sheet. Lily Pond. — Franklin County; town of Northfield; a small pond connected by a westward flowing stream with Bennett Brook (tributary to Connecticut River). Warwick sheet. Lily Pond. — Norfolk County; town of Cohasset; outlet, a very short stream flowing southward into Bound Brook, which discharges into the ocean through Cohasset Harbor. Abington sheet. Little Alum Pond. — Hampden County; town of Brimfield; outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing east and then south into Quinebaug River (tributary through She- tucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound) at the village of East Brimfield. Brookfield sheet. Little Chauncey Pond.— Worcester County; one-half mile north of Chauncey Pond, with which it is connected by Stirrup Brook; outlet, Stirrup Brook (tributary through Assabet River to the Concord and thus to the Merrimack) through Bart- lett Pond; altitude about 270 feet. Marlboro sheet. 362 SUKFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Little Clear Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; a small pond one-half mile northeast of East Carver; east of and very near to Darby Pond. Plymouth sheet. Little Cliff Pond. — Barnstable County; l\ miles west of South Orleans; a marsh connects the west end of the pond with Cliff Pond and Long Pond. Wellfleet sheet. Little Creek. — Plymouth County; town of Marshfield; rises near Marshfield Center station; flows northward and northeastward into the tidal marsh through which North River discharges into the bay; about 2 miles long. Duxbury sheet. Little Creek Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Duxbury; near head of South River. Duxbury sheet. Little Fivemile Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth ; one of a group of small ponds in the southern part of the township west of Agawam River. Plymouth sheet. Little Herring Pond. — Plymouth County; southeastern part of town of Plymouth; outlet, Monument River through Great Herring Pond to Buzzards Bay; about 1 mile long; the stream connecting Little Herring with Great Herring Pond is about one-fourth mile long. Plymouth sheet. Little Island Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-fourth mile south- west of Beaver Dam Pond, into which it discharges by a northeastward flowing stream. Plymouth sheet. Little Mioxes Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; one-half mile south- east of Great Mioxes Pond; one of the numerous elongated ponds on the south shore of the island ; separated from the ocean by a barrier beach . Nantucket sheet . Little Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth ; a baylike pond connected with Vineyard Sound by a narrow channel; one-half mile east of Falmouth Heights. Falmouth sheet. Little Pond. — Middlesex County; a short distance west of Somerville; inlets, Winns Brook from the west and a small stream from Spy Pond to the north; natural out- let, Little River to Alewife Brook (tributary to Mystic River); formerly part of the reservoir system of Boston and vicinity. Boston sheet. Little Pond. — Norfolk County; west of South Braintree; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing from the southwest end of southeastward into Weymouth Fore River. Dedham sheet. Little Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing southwestward into Billington Sea; outlet, Town Brook to Plymouth Harbor. Plymouth sheet. Little Pond. — Worcester County; a small pond 2 miles northwest of Hudson, at alti- tude 320 feet above sea level; outlet, a small stream flowing southward into a much larger stream (unnamed on the map), which takes a southeasterly course, passes through a pond at Hudson, and discharges into Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Marlboro sheet. Little Pond. — Worcester County; town of Mendon; an expansion of Meadow Brook, which flows through it to West River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Little Pudding Brook. —Plymouth County; town of Pembroke; a stream about a mile long flowing northwestward into Herring Brook (tributary to North River). Abington sheet. Little Quittacas Pond. — Plymouth County; a pond one mile long by three-fourths mile wide lying one-eighth mile west of the southern half of Great Quittacas Pond, with which it is connected by a short eastward flowing stream; natural outlet of the Quittacas ponds, Mattapoisett River; the ponds are used by the city of New Bedford as a source of municipal water supply. Middleboro sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 363 Little River. — Bristol Count} ; a tidal channel in the marsh one-half mile east of Slocums River in the town Dartmouth; connected with Buzzards Bay. New Bedford sheet. Little River. — Essex County; rises about one-half mile west of Newburyport, at altitude about 50 feet above sea level; flows generally southeastward 5£ miles into Parker River (tributary to Plum Island River and the Atlantic Ocean) near New- bury Old Town. Newburyport sheet. Little River. — Essex County; rises in a swamp about one-half mile south of West Gloucester; flows northward one-half mile, then generally eastward 1£ miles to its junction with Squam "River; just east of West Gloucester it terminates in a tide- water channel. Gloucester sheet. Little River. — Hampshire County; formed in the town of Worthington by the junc- tion of Wards and Watts streams; Wards stream, the continuation of Little River, rises 1 mile northwest of Worthington Corners; flows southeastward 3 miles, then southward \\ miles to Ringville, where it receives Watts stream; from Ring ville Little River flows southeasterly 5^ miles to its junction with Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut); length to head of Wards stream, 10 miles. Ches- terfield sheet. Little River. — Rockingham County, N. H., Essex County, Mass.; rises in the town of Hampstead in Rockingham County, N. H., about 280 feet above sea level; after flowing northward about 1£ miles it takes a southeastward course for about 4 miles, then flows southward 3 miles into Essex County, Mass., where it resumes its southeastward course for 3£ miles and discharges into Merrimack River at Haverhill; principal tributary in Massachusetts, Fishing River. Haverhill sheet. Little River.— Worcester County; towns of Charlton and Oxford; rises about 3 miles north of Charlton depot; flows southeastward to a point 1^ miles below Millward, then southward through Slaters Reservoir to Buffumville, then eastward into French River (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound); length, about 10 miles. The river passes through a number of small ponds and receives the drainage from a number of larger ponds including Gore Pond, Pierpoint Meadow Pond, and South Charlton Reservoir. Webster sheet. Little Sandy Bottom Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Pembroke; one-half mile south of Great Sandy Bottom Pond, into which it discharges by a northward flowing stream. Abington sheet. Little Sandy Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; 1£ miles northeast of Hyannis; outlet, a stream flowing southwest and south into Lewis Bay on Nan- tucket Sound. Barnstable sheet. Little Sandy Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-fourth mile south of Sandy Pond and three-fourths mile east of White Island Pond. Plymouth sheet . Little Smelt Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Kingston; north of Monks Hill; discharges westward into Smelt Pond; outlet, Smelt Brook to Jones River (tribu- tary through Kingston Bay to Massachusetts Bay). Plymouth sheet. Little South Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; north of Great South Pond (natural outlet through Eel River to Plymouth Harbor), with wliich it is connected by a short southward flowing stream. Used as part of water supply of city of Plymouth. Plymouth sheet. Little Spectacle Pond.— Worcester County; one-fourth mile northwest of Spec- tacle Pond, into which it discharges and which has outlet to North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. 364 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Locke Brook. — Hillsboro County, N. H., Middlesex County, Mass.; rises in Hoar Pond in the southeastern part of the town of New Ipswich, Hillsboro County, N. H., at altitude about 1,000 feet above sea level; flows southeastward about 6 miles into Ash Swamp, which is drained through Squannacook River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack. Fitchburg sheet. Lock Pond. — Franklin County; town of Shutesbury; east of Lock Village; three in- flowing streams; outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing westward 1 mile and south- westward 1 mile into Saw Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut). Warwick and Belchertown sheets. Locust Pond. — Middlesex County; northwest base of Locust Hill, 1 mile northwest of Tyngsboro; inflowing stream, about 1^ miles long; outlet, a stream one- half mile long flowing northeastward into Merrimack River 1 mile north of Tyngs- boro. Lowell sheet. Long Creek. — Barnstable County; a tidal channel in the marsh back of Spring Hill . Beach. Barnstable sheet. Long Duck Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-half mile west of Lit- tle Herring Pond. Plymouth sheet. Long Meadow Brook. — Hampden County; rises in a small pond in the southern part of the town of Longmeadow; flows northward 1 mile, then irregularly westward 4 miles into Connecticut River. Springfield sheet. - Long Meadow Brook. — Worcester County; town of Rutland; rises in Long Pond near White Hall; flows northwestward 2\ miles into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut), 2\ miles southwest of North Rutland. Wor- cester sheet. Long Plain Brook. — Franklin and Hampshire counties; rises in the town of Leverett on the southeast slope of Mount Toby; flows in general southwestward to Con- necticut River; length, 7 miles. Northampton sheet. Long Pond. — Barnstable County;' between Brewster and Harwich; outlet, through Herring River to Nantucket Sound; 2 \ miles long and 1 mile in maximum width; altitude, about 20 feet above sea level. Yarmouth sheet. Long Pond. — Barnstable County; half a mile southwest of Yarmouth Port near Dennis Pond. Barnstable sheet. Long Pond. — Barnstable County; southeast of Cliff Pond, with which its lower end is connected by a marsh. Wellfleet sheet. Long Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; one-half mile south of Great Pond. Barnstable sheet. Long Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; \\ miles west of Cotuit Ponds. Barnstable sheet. Long Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; \\ miles north of the city of Falmouth; used as municipal supply by Falmouth. Falmouth sheet. Long Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Wellfleet; a mile northeast of the village of Wellfleet; connected with Great Pond by a short stream. Wellfleet sheet. Long Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; three-fourths mile northwest of South Yarmouth; a narrow pond about a mile long. Yarmouth sheet. Long Pond. — Berkshire County; northwestern part of the town of Great Barring ton; natural outlet, Long Pond Brook (tributary through Seekonk Brook to Green River and thus to the Housatonic). The water is used for the municipal supply of the village of Housatonic in the town of Great Barrington. Sheffield sheet. Long Pond. — Bristol and Plymouth counties; town of Lakeville; principal inlets; Fall Brook (head of Namasket River) and stream from Elders Pond; outlet to Assawompsett Pond and thus through Namasket River and Taunton River to Narragansett Bay. The pond is about 3 miles long, more than one-half mile in maximum width, and contains several small islands. Middleboro sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 365 Long Pond Brook. — Berkshire County; western part of the town of Great Barrington; rises in Long Pond; flows southeastward 1 mile, then southwestward 1 mile into Seekonk Brook (tributary through Green River to the Housatonic). Sheffield sheet. Long Pond. — Franklin County; town of Erving; a small pond discharging by an east- ward flowing stream to Harris Pond on Moss Brook (tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut). Warwick sheet. Long Pond. — Hampden County; town of Blandford; a short distance east of the Berk- shire-Hampden county boundary; outlet, a stream flowing into Pebble Brook (tributary to Springfield reservoir on Westfield Little River) at North Blandford. See Westfield Little River. Sandsfield sheet. Long Pond. — Hillsboro County, N. H., Middlesex County, Mass.; about two-thirds of the pond lies in Massachusetts; outlet through Double Brook to Beaver Brook and thus to the Merrimack. Lowell sheet. Long Pond. — Middlesex County; 1 mile south of Littleton Common on the south slope of Long Pond Brothers; altitude 260 feet above sea level; inlet, a stream one-half mile long, unnamed on the map; outlet a stream, also unnamed on the map, flowing southward 3£ miles, through Fort Pond, into a stream called on the map Fort Pond Brook. The unnamed stream is considered the head of Fort Pond Brook, as it drains a larger area than aoes the tributary called on the map Fort Pond Brook. Lowell and Framingham sheets. Long Pond. — Middlesex County; 1 mile southwest of Tewksbury Center, at altitude about 100 feet above sea level; outlet, a short stream about one-half mile long flowing southward into Content Brook (tributary through Shawsheen River to the Merrimack; length, about three-fourths mile; width, about one-fourth mile. Lowell and Lawrence sheets. Long Pond. — Middlesex County; 2 miles northeast of Ayer; between Snake and Rocky Hills; one inflowing stream; marshy; outflowing stream passes through Sandy Pond into the pond south of Ayer and thus through Nonacoicus Brook to Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack); altitude, 230 feet above sea level. Groton sheet. Long Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; western end; a narrow pond which extends within half a mile of Nantucket Sound on the north and one-eighth mile from the ocean on the south. Nantucket sheet. Long Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one of a group of small ponds in the west-central part of the township. Plymouth sheet. Long Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 3 miles south of Telegraph Hill; inlets from two small ponds, one on the north and the other on the south ; 1 mile long. Plymouth sheet. Long Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Rochester; less than one-eighth mile south- east of Snipatuit Pond. Middleboro sheet. Long Pond. — Plymouth County; two small ponds connected by a short stream; the northerly pond is in the town of Plymouth; the southerly in Wareham; neither pond is conspicuously long, and the name may be applied to either or both. Plymouth sheet. Long Pond. — Worcester County; principal inlets, streams from Baker Pond and Alum Pond; outlet, a stream one-eighth mile long flowing southward into Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound) about a mile west of Fiskdale. The pond is about 2 miles long and nearly half a mile in maximum width. Brookfield sheet. Long Pond. — Worcester County; town of Royalston; on East Brancli of Tully River (tributary through Tully River to Millers River and thus to the Connecticut). In addition to the East Branch of Tully River the Pond receives Boyce Brook. Winchendon sheet. 366 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Long Pond. — Worcester county; town of Rutland; west of the village of West Rutland ; inlet, stream from Demond Pond; outlet, Long Meadow Brook to Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). The pond is about 2 miles long and one-eighth mile wide. Worcester sheet. Loon Pond. — Hampden County; a small pond 1£ miles south of Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut). Palmer and Springfield sheets. Loon Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Lakeville; one-fourth mile northeast of Elders Pond. Middleboro sheet. Lout Pond. — -Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-fourth mile east of Billington Sea. Plymouth sheet. Love Creek.— Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; a tidal channel in the marsh north of Yarmouth Port. Barnstable and Yarmouth sheets. Lovells Pond. — -Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; one-fourth mile east of Santuit Pond; outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing southeastward into Osterville Harbor, Nantucket Sound. Barnstable sheet. Lower Massapoao Pond. See Massapoag ponds. Lower Pond. — Hampshire County; one of a group of three ponds in the town of Belchertown drained by Bachelor Brook (tributary to the Connecticut). Belchertown she°t. Lubber Brook. — Middlesex County; rises 1$ miles southwest of Wilmington Center, at altitude 80 feet above sea level; flows generally westward about 1£ miles, northeastward 3 J miles, then southeastward 1£ miles into Ipswich River. Law- rence sheet. Lulu Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in the eastern part of the town of Hancock; flows southeastward across the southwestern corner of Lanesboro into Pittsfield and enters the northern arm of Lake Onota (outlet Onota Brook to west branch of Housatonic River and thus to the Housatonic); length, 3 miles. Berlin and Pittsfield sheets. Lynde Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the southwest slope of AsnebumsHt Hill; flows southeastward and joins Kettle Brook (tributary through Blackstone River to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay) in the pond at Cherry Valley; passes through Lynde Brook Reservoir. Worcester and Webster sheets. Lynde Brook Reservoir. — Worcester County; north of Cherry Valley; inlet and outlet, Lynde Brook (tributary through Kettle Brook to Blackstone River and thus .through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Worcester sheet. Lyons Pond. — Hampden County; town of Ludlow; 1£ miles north of Ludlow Center; a very small pond on a tributary of Higher Brook (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Palmer sheet. Madequecham Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; south shore; sepa- rated from the ocean by a narrow beach. Nantucket sheet. Malden Brook. — Worcester County; rises about 1\ miles northwest of Summit station on the Fitchburg & Worcester Railroad, at altitude about 820 feet above sea level; flows somewhat east of north into upper end of Wachusett Reservoir; length, about 5 miles. Worcester sheet. Malden River.. — Middlesex County; rises just north of Melrose and flows eastward about 1 mile, then southward about 9 miles into Mystic River; drains Crystal Pond at Melrose. Boston sheet. Manchaug Pond. — Worcester County; northwest of the village of Manchaug; inlet and outlet, Mumford River (tributary to Blackstone River, and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay); nearly 2 miles long; one- half mile wide. Webster sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 367 Manhan Brook. — Hampshire County; head of Southwest Branch of main Manhan River (tributary to the Connecticut). Chesterfield and Granville sheets. Manhan River. — Hampshire County; rises on the west slope of Mount Pisgah; flows southeastward 10 miles, thence northeastward 10 miles to its junction with the Connecticut. The headwater stream, called Manhan Brook, joins the Southwest Branch, as the river is called above Russellville, in the western part of the town of Southampton; principal tributary of the river is the North Branch, which drains the towns of Westhampton, Northampton, and a small area in Southampton. Chesterfield, Northampton, Granville, and Springfield sheets. Manhan River, North Branch. — Rises about 3 miles northwest of Hanging Moun- tain; flows southeastward 9 miles into Manhan River (tributary to the Connecti- cut) a mile west of Easthampton; principal tributaries, North Brook (consid- ered the head of the stream) and Sodden Brook. Chesterfield and Northampton sheets. Manhan River, Southwest Branch. — See Manhan River. Manning Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Florida; a stream 2 miles long, flowing southeastward into Cold River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Con- necticut) one-half mile below the mouth of Tanner Brook. Greylock and Hawley sheets. Mansfield Pond. — Berkshire County; a small pond northwest of the village of Great Barrington; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing eastward into Housatonic River. Sheffield sheet. Maple Meadow Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 1£ miles west of North Woburn at altitude 140 feet above sea level; flows eastward 1 mile, then northward 3 miles into Ipswich River. Lawrence sheet. Maple Spring Brook. — Plymouth County; rises in the southern part of the town of Plymouth; flows southward 3 miles and discharges into the pond which is an expansion of Agawam River (tributary through Wareham River to Buzzards Bay) north of East Wareham. Plymouth sheet. Maquan Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Hanson; outlet, a stream about one-half mile long flowing southeastward into Indian Head Pond (outlet, Indian Head Brook to Indian Head River and thus through North River to Massachusetts Bay). Abington sheet. Mares Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; about halfway between East and West Falmouth. Falmouth sheet. Marsh Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in the town of Lenox a mile southeast of Lenox Mountain; flows southward 2\ miles, then westward one-half mile into Stockbridge Bowl, from which it flows southward to Housatonic River; length below Stockbridge Bowl, about 3 miles; to extreme head, 7 miles. Pittsfield sheet. Marsh Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Egremont; one inlet; outlet, a stream a mile long flowing southeastward into Karner Brook (head of Hubbard Brook, which is tributary through Schenob Brook to the Housatonic). Sheffield sheet. Martin Pond. — Middlesex County; 1 mile northeast of Groton between Chestnut Hills and Gibbet Hill; outlet, Martins Pond Brook to Cow Poud Brook and thus through Massapoag ponds and Salmon Brook to the Merrimack; altitude, 310 feet above sea level. Groton sheet. Martins Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Martins Pond, 2\ miles northwest of North Reading, at altitude 80 feet above sea level; flows south westward 1 mile, then generally eastward 2 miles into Ipswich River. Lawrence sheet. Martins Pond Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Martin Pond at altitude 310 feet above sea level; flows southeastward about 2\ miles into Cow Pond Brook, which discharges through Massapoag ponds to Salmon Brook and thus to the Merrimack (in Cow Pond Meadows). Groton sheet. 368 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Martins Pond. — Middlesex and Essex counties; in a swamp 2\ miles northwest of Reading; inlet, Skug River; outlet, Martins Brook to Ipswich River; altitude 80 feet above sea level; length, one-half mile; maximum width, one -fourth mile. Lawrence sheet. Marys Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Rochester; one-half mile east of Leonards Pond on Sippicon River. Middleboro sheet. Mashpee Pond. — Barnstable County; at head of Mashpee River (tributary to Nan- tucket Sound); a large pond of very irregular outline; the upper arm of the pond is called Wakeby Pond. Barnstable sheet. Mashpee River. — Barnstable County; rises in Mashpee Pond; flows southward and southeastward into Poponesset Bay through which it is connected with Nantucket Sound; length to head of Wakeby Pond (the northern arm of Mashpee Pond), about 8 miles. Barnstable sheet. Mason Brook. — Hillsboro County, N. H., Middlesex County, Mass.; rises in the western part of the town of Mason in Hillsboro County, N. H., at altitude about 940 feet above sea level; flows somewhat east of south about 6 miles into Ash Swamp, which is drained through Squannacook River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack. Peterboro and Fitchburg sheets. Massapoag Pond. — Norfolk County; town of Sharon; several small inflowing streams; outlet, Canton River to Neponset River; altitude, about 260 feet; length, about 1 mile; maximum width, about one-half mile. Dedham sheet. Massapoag Ponds. — Middlesex County; about 3 miles northeast of Groton; three ponds connected by streams about one-fourth mile long; inlet, Cow Pond Brook (the head of Salmon Brook); outlet, Salmon Brook to Merrimack River. The upper pond lies just below the 200-foot contour. The lower pond is just above the 160-foot contour. From the head of the upper pond to the outlet of the lower pond the distance is about 2\ miles. The middle pond is the longest and is called Massapoag Pond. Groton and Lowell sheets. Massapoag Pond. — Worcester County; southeast slope of Nichols Hill, 1 mile west of Shirley reservoir; inlet, a stream from Unchechewhaton Pond; outlet, a stream about \\ miles long flowing northeastward into Catacoonamug Brook (tributary through Shirley reservoir) to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack. Groton sheet. Matfield River. — Norfolk and Plymouth counties; rises in the swamp northeast of Stoughton; flows, southeastward about 15 miles and unites with Town River to form Taunton River; called Salisbury Plain River and Saulsbury Brook above junction with Beaver Brook; principal tributaries, Beaver Brook, Meadow Brook, and Satucket River. Abington and Dedham sheets. Mattapoisett River. — Plymouth County; the natural outlet of Great Quittacas Pond; from this pond the stream flows southeastward to Snipatuit Pond, then southward to Mattapoisett Harbor where it enters Buzzards Bay; length, about 12 miles. Great and Little Quittacas ponds are used by the city of New Bedford as a source of municipal water supply. Middleboro and New Bedford sheets. Maxey Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; one-half mile north of Hum- mock Pond; \\ miles west of the city of Nantucket; small. Nantucket sheet. Maynard Brook. — Worcester County; town of Oakham; rises 1 mile southwest of the village of Oakham; flows southeastward 2 \ miles into Fivemile River (tribu- tary through East Brookfield River to Quaboag River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) one-half mile north of Brooks Pond. Barre sheet. McCard Brook. — Franklin County; rises on the southeast slope of Ball Mountain; flows west of south 2\ miles into Mill Brook (tributary through Green River to Deerfield River and thus to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 369 Meadow Brook. — Bristol County; rises 2 miles east of North Rehoboth; flows east of north into Birch Brook (tributary through Threemile River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay); length, 2\ miles. Taunton sheet. Meadow Brook. — Hampshire County; rises on Walnut Hill in the town of Plain- field; flows southward 5 miles to Cummington, where it enters Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Hawley and Chesterfield sheets. Meadow Brook. — Middlesex County; rises on northwest slope of Snake Meadow Hill, at altitude 220 feet above sea level; flows irregularly northeastward into Keyes Pond (outlet through Keyes Brook to Stony Brook and thus to the Merri- mack ; length about 2 miles. Lowell sheet. Meadow Brook. — Plymouth County; town of East Bridgewater; rises about 2 miles south of Whitman; flows southwesterly Z\ miles to its junction with Matfield River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay) ; flows through sev- eral small ponds. Abington sheet. Meadow Brook. — Worcester County; rises in Nipmuck Pond a mile southwest of the village of Mendon; flows south westward 2 miles, then westward about a mile into West River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Provi- dence rivers to Narragansett Bay) ; tributary, Wigwam Brook. Blackstone sheet. Meadow Brook. — Worcester County; 2 miles southwest of New Braintree; a stretch of Mill Brook (tributary through Wickaboag Pond to Quaboag River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) between the ponds into which Sucker Brook discharges and the head of Mill Brook; \\ miles long; Barre sheet. Meadow Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; north of Cottage City; sepa- rated from the sound by a narrow beach. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Meeting House Pond. — Worcester County; a pond about a mile long, which lies south of Westminster and discharges by a stream that flows southeastward into Grass Pond (tributary to Whitman River, which discharges through North Branch of Nashua River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack; altitude, 1,010 feet above sea level; fall of outflowing stream, 140 feet. Fitchburg sheet. Melville Lake. — Berkshire County; a mile south of Pittsfield; principal inlet, Wanpenum Brook; outlet, Wanpenum Brook to Housatonic River; small. Pitts- field sheet. Menemsha Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard ; Gay Head; the water of Vine- yard Sound enters the pond at its northeast end; a southern arm of the pond (Nashaquitsa) extends within an eighth of a mile of the ocean at the south. The main pond is more than a mile long (northeast-southwest) and about a mile wide. Gay Head sheet. Merino Pond. — Worcester County; town of Dudley; inlets, streams from Larned Pond and Peter Pond; outlet, a stream one-eighth mile long flowing eastward into French River (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Merrimack River. — New Hampshire, Massachusetts; formed near Franklin, N. H., by union of Pemigewasset and Winnepesaukee rivers; Pemigewasset River, con- sidered the head of the main stream, rises in Profile Lake near Franklin, N. H., between 50 and 60 miles north of Franklin and less than 10 miles from Mount Washington, at altitude approximately 2,000 feet above sea level. Below Frank- lin the Merrimack flows southward about 60 miles, crosses into Massachusetts, and near the city of Lowell turns abruptly, flows northeastward about 40 miles to Newburyport, where it enters the ocean. Total length to head of Pemigewasset River, about 165 miles; drainage area, 5,010 square miles, of which about 1,200 square miles is in Massachusetts, 211 square miles lying in the Nashua, Sudbury, and Lake Cochituate drainage areas from which water is permanently diverted for the supply of Boston and vicinity. 4096G — wsp 415— 16 24 370 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Important tributaries of the Merrimack, other than headwater streams, are Contoocook, Suncook, Piscataquog, Souhegan, and Nashua rivers. Of these only the Nashua lies principally in Massachusetts. Elevation of river at Franklin, about 270 feet. Upper portion of basin is rough and mountainous and very largely in forests; below Franklin, country drained is rolling and much of it is farm land. The river flows in reaches of moderate slope separated by fall over rock ledges. It is navigable as far as Haverhill, and for small boats as far as Lawrence. • Mean annual rainfall in basin, about 42 inches, ranging from about 46 inches at Lowell to 38 inches at Plymouth, but it is probably much greater in the moun- tainous region near Ihe head of the Pemigewasset than elsewhere in the area. The combined area of lakes and ponds in the drainage basin is approximately 183 square miles, of which about 105 square miles is contained in Lake Winnepe- saukee. The storage on many of the lakes is controlled by users of water power on the river and greatly improves the low- water flow. In a general way the most favorable storage and power sites on the Merrimack are being utilized, but on the tributaries, especially on the Pemigewasset and its tributaries, there is a large amount of unutilized fall. Gaging stations: Pemigewasset River at Plymouth, N. H., 1886-1915; Merrimack River at Franklin Junction, N. H., 1903-1915; Gar- vins Falls, N. EL, 1904-1915; Lowell, Mass., 1848-1860, 1865-1915, and Lawrence, Mass., 1880-1915. Authority: Water-Supply Papers of U. S. Geological Survey; Manchester, Lowell, Lawrence, Haverhill, and Newburyport sheets. See also pages 192-282 of this report. Miacomet Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; one of the numerous elongated ponds on the south shore of the island; about a mile long; separated from the ocean by a barrier beach. Nantucket sheet. Micajah Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; three-fourths mile south of the west end of Billington Sea: Plymouth sheet. Middle Pond. — Hampshire County; one of a group of three ponds in the town of Belchertown drained by Bachelor Brook (tributary to the Connecticut). Bel- chertown sheet. Mile Brook. — Essex County; formed by the junction of Howlett and Pye brooks, about one-half mile north of Topsfield; flows southeastward 2 J miles into Ipswich River; swampy throughout much of its course. Salem sheet. Mile Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston; a stream about a mile long flowing southward into the north end of Blackwater Pond on Halls Brook (tribu- tary through Jones River to Kingston Bay, a branch of Massachusetts Bay). Duxbury sheet. Miles River. — Essex County; rises in a swamp about 3 miles northeast of Beverly; takes an irregular course westward for 4 miles, then flows generally east of north for 7 miles into Ipswich River about 1 mile southwest of Ipswich; through two small tributaries it drains Wenham Lake and Beaver Pond. Salem sheet. Mill Brook. — Bristol County; town of Fall River; rises north of Copecut Hill; flows west of north into Assonet River (tributary through Taunton River to Narra- gansett Bay) below the village of Assonet; length, about 5 miles; tidal in lower course. Taunton and Fall River sheets. Mill Brook. — Franklin County; rises 1| miles southwest of North Heath; flows southwesterly 4^ miles into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Charlemont. Hawley sheet. Mill Brook. — Franklin County; rises southeast of Alexander Hill in the town of Northfield; flows eastward and northeastward about 2 miles, northwestward 3 miles, southwestward 2 miles, then again northwestward 1^ miles to its junction with Connecticut River at Northfield; fall, 1,000 feet, of which 500 feet occurs in a little more than 2 miles as the stream encircles the base of Hemlock Mountain. Warwick sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 371 Mill Brook. — Franklin County; rises southeast of Frizzell Hill, in the town of Leyden; flows southeastward 3 miles, then southwesterly 5 miles to its junction with Green River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut) north of Green- field; principal tributary, McCard Brook. Greenfield sheet. Mill Brook. — Franklin County; town of Monroe. See Dunbar Brook. Mill Brook. — Hampden County; town of Brimfield. See Quinebaug River. Mill Brook. — Hampshire County; rises in the northern part of the town of Plainfield > flows somewhat east of south 6 miles into Westfield River (tributary to the Con- necticut). Hawley and Chesterfield sheets. Mill Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Goshen; the stream flowing from the lower reservoir in Goshen and forming the head of West Branch of Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. Mill Brook. — Worcester County; rises (as Sucker Brook) in the town of New Brain- tree, north of Tuft Hill; flows southwestward 4 miles into a small pond in North Brookfield, thence northwestward 1| miles (as Meadow Brook), thence south- ward through Wickaboag Pond to Quaboag River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut); distance along stream from head of Sucker Brook to Quaboag River, 10 miles. Barre and Brookfield sheets. Mill Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1 mile northwest of Summit Station; flows southeastward about a mile, thence southward through the city of Worcester to Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay); principal tributary, stream from North Pond; passes through several small ponds. Worcester sheet. Mill Brook. — Worcester County; town of Rutland; rises in Moulton Pond north of Rutland Center; flows southwestward 1 mile, then northwestward 2 miles into Long Meadow Brook (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Worcester sheet. Mill Brook. — Worcester County; town of Webster; rises in Lake Chaugunagunga- maug; flows northwestward into French River (tributary to Quinebaug River and thus through Shetucket and Thames rivers to Long Island Sound) near North Village; about a mile long. Webster sheet. Mill Creek. — Barnstable County; rises in Mill Pond at Sandwich; flows northward and eastward through the tidal marsh east of Sandwich and discharges into Cape Cod Bay. Barnstable sheet. Mill Creek. — Worcester County; a northwestward flowing stream discharging into Millers River (tributary to Connecticut River) at Athol; drains several ponds southeast of Athol, including the reservoir southwest of Ward Hill. Winchendon sheet. Miller Brook. — Hampden County; town of Agawam; a stream less than a mile long flowing northward into Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Springfield sheet. Millers Neck Brook. — Plymouth County; a stream about 2 miles long flowing southward into Black Brook at the northern end of the swamp through which that stream passes on its way to Great Quittacas Pond (natural outlet, Matta- poisett River to Buzzards Bay). Middleboro sheet. Millers River. — Worcester and Franklin counties; formed in the town of Ash- burnham by the union of Bear Meadow and Bluefield brooks. Bluefield Brook, which drains the larger area and is therefore considered the continuation of the river, rises in the southwestern part of the town of New Ipswich, Hillsborough County, N. H., in a small pond on the south slope of Barrett Mountain, and flows southwestward 3$ miles to its junction with Bear Meadow Brook; from this point the general course of the Millers is southwesterly and westerly to Millers Falls, where it turns sharply and flows northward to its junction with the Connecticut; length, about 45 miles; drainage area, 394 square miles, of which 313 square miles 372 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. is in Massachusetts and 81 square miles in New Hampshire; principal tributaries from the north, Priest Brook, Tully River, Orcutt, Moss, and Keyup brooks; from the south, Otter River, Beaver Brook, Mill Creek, and Whetstone, Osgood, and Wickett brooks. The basin contains many ponds, the largest being Lake Monomonac; precipitation throughout the basin ranges from 45 inches in the upper to 40 inches in the lower part; water powers fairly well developed, espe- cially between Athol and Millers Falls. Gaging stations at Wendell andErving. Fitchburg, Winchendon, and Warwick sheets. See also pages 82-88 of this report. Millham Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Williams Pond just west of Marlboro, at altitude about 420 feet above sea level; flows generally westward 2 miles into Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Marlboro sheet. Mill Pond. — Barnstable County; 1\ miles southeast of Yarmouth village; inflowing stream considered the head of Bass River; outlet, Bass River (through Follins Pond) into Nantucket Sound; about one-half mile long. Yarmouth sheet. Mill Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Bourne; north of Monument Beach; con- nected through Back River with Phinneys Harbor, Buzzards Bay. Falmouth sheet. Mill Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Chatham; outlet, Mitchell River to Stage Harbor and Nantucket Sound. Chatham sheet. Mill Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Sandwich; outlet, Mill Creek to Cape Cod Bay. Barnstable sheet. Mill Pond. — Bristol County; an expansion of Acushnet River (tributary to New Bedford Harbor) about a mile north of Acushnet. New Bedford sheet. Mill Pond. — Middlesex County; on Beaver Brook (outlet, through Forge Pond to Stony Brook and thus to the Merrimack) near Littleton station. Groton and Lowell sheets. Mill Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; on Eel River (tributary to Plymouth Harbor) about 1£ miles east of Great South Pond. Plymouth sheet. Mill Ponds. — Barnstable County; a group of ponds south of West Brewster; outlet, Herring River into Cape Cod Bay. The largest of the ponds is about a mile long and one-half mile wide. Yarmouth sheet. Mill River. — Bristol County; formed by a number of streams which drain parts of the towns of Sharon and Foxboro in Norfolk County, and Easton and Mansfield in Bristol County; Canoe River, the stream which drains the larger area and ia therefore considered the continuation of Mill River, rises in a swamp about a mile south of Massapoag Pond in Norfolk County and flows in a very irregular but in general southeasterly course into Winneconnet Pond; from Winneconnet Pond Mill River flows eastward to the southwestern end of the Great Cedar Swamp, then southward to its junction with Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay) at the city of Taunton; length to head of Canoe River, about 20 miles; principal tributary, Mulberry Meadow Brook, which flows into Winneconnet Pond. Called Pecuanticiot River in upper part of its course. Dedham and Taunton sheets. Mill River, East Branch. — Franklin and Hampshire counties; rises in the south- western part of the town of Conway; flows southward to Williamsburg, where it unites with the West Branch to form Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut); length, 7 miles; principal tributary, Bradford Branch. Chesterfield and North- ampton sheets. Mill River.— Essex County; rises in a swamp one-half mile east of South George- town, at altitude 80 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 1-| miles, then generally northeastward about 8 miles into Parker River (tributary to Plum Island River and thus to the Atlantic Ocean); swampy throughout most of its course; principal tributaries, Great Swamp, Bachelder, and Pasture brooks. Called Mill Creek near its mouth. Salem and Newburyport sheets. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 373 Mill River. — Essex County; rises one-half mile north of Gloucester; flows somewhat southwestward 1 mile and forms a tidewater channel which flows northward about 1£ miles, joining Squam River at its mouth. Gloucester sheet. Mill River. — Franklin and Hampshire counties; rises 1£ miles northeast of Conway; flows southeastward 3 miles, then southward to its junction with the Connecti- cut; length, 15 miles; principal tributaries, Bloody, Roaring, West, and Running Gutter brooks. Green field and Northampton sheets. Mill River. — Hampden County; formed by the junction of North and South branches, both of which flow into Water Shop Pond; the North Branch, considered the con- tinuation of the river, rises in Ninemile Pond in the northern part of the town of Wilbraham; flows southwestward 3£ miles, northwestward 3 miles, then to the- west and southwest 3 miles to the head of the northern arm of the pond; from the pond the river flows southwestward 1£ miles into Connecticut River. Palmer and Springfield sheets. Mill River. — Hampshire County; formed at Williamsburg by the union of its east and west branches. The West Branch, considered the continuation of the main stream, rises in the town of Goshen and flows southeastward; below the mouth of the East Branch the river continues to flow southeasterly to its junction with the Connecticut in the town of Northampton; length to head of West Branch, about 18 miles; principal tributaries below East Branch, Wright River, and Unquomonk, Beaver, and Roberts brooks. The low-water flow is sustained by two reservoirs about 9 miles from the village of Leeds; the upper reservoir is the smaller, flows 64 acres, and is fed partly by springs and one or two little brooks but mainly by spring rains and melting snows. The lower reservoir flows 133 acres, it receives no stream except the one coming from the upper reservoir, but fills regularly. Bed of stream composed of coarse granite and gneiss; stream improved. See Water Power of the United States, Tenth Census, vol. 16, 1885, pp. 274 and 275, for description of physical features of the basin and an account of the failure of the Williamsburg reservoir in 1874. Chesterfield and Northampton sheets. Mill River. — Hampshire and Franklin counties; formed near East Leverett by the junction of Roaring and Pond brooks. Roaring Brook, which drains the larger area and is therefore considered the continuation of Mill River, rises 1 mile north of Shutesbury and flows southwesterly to its point of junction with Pond Brook; below this point Mill River flows southwestward to North Amherst, southward to the pond west of Agricultural College, thence in general westerly, though with a large northward curve, into Connecticut River at North Hadley; length to head of Roaring Brook, 13 miles. Belchertown and Northampton sheets. Mill River. — Middlesex and Worcester counties; rises about 2 miles south of Wood- ville in the town of Hopkinton; flows in general somewhat east of south to its junction with Blackstone River (tributary to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay) at Woonsocket, R. I.; length, 16 miles; principal tributaries, Muddy, Round Meadow, and Hop brooks; passes through several ponds. Blackstone sheet. Mill River.— Norfolk County; rises in Great Pond 1 mile southwest of South Wey- mouth; flows northward and northeastward into Whitman Pond (outlet Weymouth Back River); considered continuation of Weymouth Back River. Abington sheet. Mill River, South Branch.— Hampshire County; rises on the west slope of Wilbra- ham Mountain; flows southwestward 3 miles, west of north 2\ miles, southwest- ward 1 mile, and again northwestward 1 mile to the head of the southern arm of Water Shop Pond (outlet Mill River to Connecticut River). Palmer and Spring- field sheets. 374 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Mine Brook. — Hillsboro County, N. H., Middlesex County, Mass.; rises in Hollis, N. IT.; flows southward 2 miles into Nissitisset River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack) near North Village. Groton sheet. Mine Brook. — Norfolk County; rises 1 mile east of Cedar Hill, at altitude 250 feet above sea level; flows' south westward about 3 miles, then southeastward 3 miles to its junction with Neponset River, in the town of Walpole. Franklin sheet. Mine Brook. — Norfolk County; rises about 4 miles southwest of Franklin, at alti- tude 280 feet above sea level; flows northward into Charles River (tributary to Boston Bay) at West Medway; length, about 9 miles; fall, about 100 feet; passes through Beaver Pond and a long narrow pond west of Franklin. Franklin sheet. Mine Brook. — Worcester County; town of Webster; a stream 1J miles long flowing southwestward into Sucker Brook (tributary to Lake Chaubunagungamaug, which discharges through Mill Brook to French River and thus through Quine- baug River to Shetucket and Thames rivers and Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Minechoag Pond. — Hampden County; a small pond 1 mile northeast of Ludlow and three-fourths mile north of Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut). Palmer sheet. Mirey Brook. — Franklin County, Mass., Cheshire County, N. H.; formed on the north slope of Mount Grace, in the town of Warwick by the union of Mountain and Kidder brooks; Mountain Brook, which is considered the continuation of the main stream, rises on the east slope of Mount Grace and flows in general north- westward to its junction with Kidder Brook; below that junction Mirey Brook flows northwestward to Winchester, where it enters Ashuelot River (tributary to Connecticut River); length to extreme head of Mountain Brook, about 8 miles, of which about 3 miles is in Massachusetts. Warwick and Keene sheets. Miscoe Brook. — Worcester County; town of Grafton; the head of West River (tribu- tary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Mitchell Brook. — Berkshire County; town of New Ashford; a stream \\ miles long, flowing westward into the East Branch of Green River (tributary through Green River to Hoosic River and thus to the Hudson) \\ miles northeast of the village of New Ashford. Greylock sheet. Mitchell River. — Barnstable County; the channel connecting Mill Pond with Stage Harbor in the town of Chatham. Chatham sheet. Moccasin Brook. — Worcester County; rises in the town of Phillipston, one-eighth mile west of the south end of Phillipston Pond; flows northwestward one-half mile, then southwesterly 5 miles into the East Branch of Swift River (tributary through Swift River to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Winchendon and Barre sheets. Mohawk Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Stockbridge; rises in Mohawk Lake a mile northwest of Glendale; flows southward into Housatonic River; about \\ miles long. Pittsfield sheet. Mohawk Brook. — Franklin County; town of Sunderland; rises 3 miles south of Mount Toby; nows southwestward into Dug Brook (tributary to the Connecticut); 3 miles long. Northampton sheet. Mohawk Lake. — Berkshire County; western part of the town of Stockbridge; a mile northwest of Glendale; outlet, Mohawk Brook to Housatonic River. Pittsfield sheet. Monomonac Lake. — Cheshire County, N. H., and Worcester County, Mass.; several small inflowing streams; outlet, a stream flowing southwestward into Whitney Pond on Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut). The lake is very irregular in outline and contains a number of small islands; altitude, about 1,030 feet above GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 375 sea level; fall between outlet of lake and Whitney Pond, about 70 feet; approxi- mate area, 800 acres. Fitchburg and Winchendon sheets. Monoosnoc Brook. — Worcester County; heads in a large reservoir about 3 miles northwest of the town of Leominster; flows northeastward 2\ miles, southeastward 2 miles to Leominster, then very irregularly eastward about 2 miles into North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). In Leominster it passes through several ponds. Fitchburg and Groton sheets. Monponset Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Halifax; a large pond almost bisected by a narrow ridge which is crossed by a road leading from Halifax to Bryantville. The eastern half of the pond is fed by a stream from Stetson Pond; the western half receives a stream that rises near Bryantville. The discharge of the pond is westward through Great Cedar Swamp to Stump Pond, thence through a short stream to Robbin Pond, and thus to Satucket River (tributary to Matfield River and thus through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay). Abington sheet. Monument River. — Plymouth and Barnstable counties; rises in Little Herring Pond in the southeastern part of the town of Plymouth; flows southward through Great Herring Pond to Bournedale, then southwestward into Buzzards Bay; length to head of Little Herring Pond, about 8 miles; fal^l below Little Herring Pond about 50 feet. Plymouth and Falmouth sheets. Moore Brook. — Worcester County; rises at North Brookfield; flows southeastward 2\ miles into Dunn Brook (tributary through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Barre and Brookfield sheets. Moore Lake. — Franklin County; town of Warwick; 2 miles south of the village of Warwick; inlet, Grace Brook, the head of Moss Brook; outlet, Moss Brook to Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut). Warwick sheet. Moose Brook. — Hampshire County; a stream about 2 miles long flowing northward into Manhan River (tributary to the Connecticut) in the southern part of the town of Southampton. Springfield sheet. Moose Brook. — Worcester County; rises in the town of Barre 3 miles northwest of the village of Barre; flows somewhat west of south 8£ miles into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) at Old Furnace in the town of Hard- wick. Barre sheet. Moose Horn Brook. — Franklin County; town of New Salem; rises on the south slope of Harris Hill; flows southeastward 3^ miles into Hop Brook Pond (outlet Hop Brook to Middle Branch or head of Swift River, which is tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Warwick and Belcher- town sheets. Moose Horn Pond. — Worcester County; town of Hubbardston; outlet, a stream one- half mile long flowing northwestward into the West Branch of Ware River (tribu- tary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut); three- fourths mile long; one-fourth mile wide. Worcester sheet. Moose Meadow Brook. — Hampden County; rises on the west slope of Bungy Hill, in the town of Montgomery; flows somewhat east of south 7 miles to its junction with Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) 2 miles northwest of the city of Westfield. Granville sheet. Moose Pond. — Worcester County; town of Spencer; northeast of Spencer Center; outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing southwesterly into Sevenmile River (tribu- tary through East Brookfield River to Quaboag River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Worcester sheet. Morey Hole. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1$ miles southwest of Indian Hill. Plymouth sheet. Morses Pond. — Norfolk and Middlesex counties; inlets, streams from None Such and Jennings Ponds; outlet, a stream one-eighth mile long flowing eastward into Waban Lake (tributary to Charles River). Framingham sheet. 376 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Morton Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Ware; 2 miles northwest of Brimstone Hill; outlet, Beaver Brook to Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Belchertown sheet. Mosquito Brook. — Essex County. See Fish Brook. Mosquito Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Wareham; one-half mile west of Tihonet Pond; outlet, a stream a mile long flowing southeastward into Wankinco River (tributary through Wareham River to Buzzards Bay) at the village of Tihonet. Plymouth sheet. Moss Brook. — Franklin County; rises on the south slope of Mount Grace; flows south- eastward (as Grace Brook) to Lake Moore, thence in general somewhat west of south to its junction with Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Wendell Depot; gaging station at Wendell Depot, 1909-10; length to head of Grace Brook, 7 miles; principal tributary, Wilson Brook. Warwick sheet. Mother Brook. — Norfolk and Suffolk counties; flows from Charles River through East Dedham and Hyde Park and joins Neponset River about 1-| miles below the Great Meadows. Mother Brook is legally entitled to one-third of the flow of Charles River, which at the point where the brook begins drains an area of 198.6 square miles. Mother Brook may therefore be considered as having, in addition to its own drainage area of 1.87 square miles, an area of 66.2 square miles which drains to the Charles. Dedham and Boston sheets. See also Report of the Massachusetts State Board of Health upon the sanitary condition of the Neponset Meadows in the towns of Canton, Sharon, Norwood, Dedham, Milton, and Hyde Park. Moulton Pond. — Worcester County; town of Rutland; north of Rutland Center; outlet, Mill Brook to Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Con- necticut). Worcester sheet. Mountain Brook. — Hampden County; town of Brimfield; a stream about 1J miles . long flowing southward into Mill Brook (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket and Thames rivers and thus to Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Mountain Brook. — Franklin County. See Mirey Brook. Mount Ephraim Reservoirs. — Middlesex County; formerly part of the water stor- age system of the metropolitan district of Boston and vicinity; natural outlet through a small stream to Mystic lakes and thus to Mystic River, which discharges into Boston Bay. Boston sheet. Mud Creek. — Essex County; a tidewater channel west of Plum Island River (sepa- rated from the Atlantic Ocean by Plum Island). Newburyport and Salem sheets. Muddy Brook. — 'Hampshire and Hampden counties; towns of Granby and Chicopee; a stretch of the middle course of Stony Brook (Hampshire County). See Stony Brook. Springfield sheet. Muddy Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1\ miles west of Hopedale; flows south- eastward 4 miles, thence very irregularly eastward into Mill River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragan- sett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Muddy Brook. — Worcester County; a stream originally about 4 miles long, shown on the Marlboro and Worcester sheets of United States Geological Survey as rising near Boylston Center and flowing west and north into Nashua River (tributary to Merrimack River); partially flooded out by Wachusett reservoir. Muddy Brook. — Worcester and Hampshire counties; rises 1 mile west of Ridge Hill; flows southwesterly 11 miles into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) at the city of Ware ; passes through Muddy and several smaller ponds. Barre sheet. Muddy Creek. — Barnstable County; a tidal creek extending from Pleasant Bay southwestward into the town of Chatham. Yarmouth and Chatham sheets. GAZETTEER OP STREAMS. 377 Muddy Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; three-fourths mile west of Cotuit Ponds; connected by a short stream flowing eastward into the stream that discharges southeastward into Great Bay at the head of Osterville Harbor, Nan- tucket Sound. Barnstable sheet. Muddy Pond.— Berkshire County; town of Washington; inlet, the head of Housa- tonic River; outlet, Housatonic River; small. Becket sheet. Muddy Pond. — Essex County; a very small pond in Wenham Swamp just northwest of Wenham and about 3 miles northeast of Dan vers; Lawrence sheet. Muddy Pond. — Plymouth County; a small pond one-half mile north of Neponset Pond and 1 mile west of Silver Lake. Abington sheet. Muddy Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston; 1^ miles southwest of Monks Hill. Plymouth sheet. Muddy Pond.— Plymouth County; a small pond in the town of Wareham; outlet, a stream one-eighth mile long flowing northward into Red Brook (tributary through Buttermilk Bay to Buzzards Bay). Plymouth sheet. Muddy Pond. — Suffolk County; near northwestern boundary of Hyde Park; outlet, a stream about a mile long flowing southeastward into Stony Brook. Boston sheet. Muddy Pond. — Worcester County; 1J miles west of Gilbertville; inlet and outlet, Muddy Brook (tributary through W T are River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut); 1 mile long and one-fourth mile wide. Barre sheet. Muddy Pond. — Worcester County; 2 miles northeast of the village of Oakham; out- let, a stream 2 miles long flowing northwestward through several small ponds into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) at the village of Cold Brook. Barre sheet. Muddy Pond. — Worcester County; 2 miles east of South Ashburnham; altitude, ] ,030 feet above sea level; no large inlets; outlet, a stream about a mile long flow- ing southwestward into Whitman River (tributary through North Branch of Nashua River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack). Fitchburg sheet. Muddy Pond. — Worcester County; a small pond lying about three-fourths mile west of West Waushaccum Pond and discharging by a stream one-fourth mile long into a pond on Stillwater River (tributary to Wachusett reservoir). Worcester sheet. Muddy Run. — Essex County; rises east of Turkey Hill and just west of Ipswich, at altitude about 30 feet above sea level; flows generally northward about 2^ miles to its junction with Bull Brook tributary through Rowley River, a tidewater channel into Plum Island River (separated from the Atlantic Ocean by Plum Island) three-fourths mile east of Rowley. Salem sheet. Mud Pond. — Berkshire County, town of Pittsfield; one-half mile southeast of the village of Barkerville; outlet, a stream a mile long, flowing north ward into a pond on Housatonic Branch (tributary through west branch of Housatonic River to the Housatonic) at lower Barkerville. Pittsfield sheet. Mud Pond. — Middlesex County; 1£ miles north of Natick; inlet, two small streams in the marsh north of the pond, one flowing from Pickerel Pond; outlet, a stream about a mile long flowing south and east through the marsh west of Jennings Pond (tributary through Morses Pond to Waban Lake and thus to Charles River). Framingham sheet. Mud Pond. — Worcester County; town of Ashburnham; a small pond about half a mile northeast of Nashua Reservoir; outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing north- westward into Millers River (tributary to Connecticut River) near North Ash- burnham station. Fitchburg sheet. Mulberry Meadow Brook. — Bristol County; rises on the east slope of Rattlesnake Hill in the town of Stoughton, Norfolk County; flows southwestward to Leach Pond, then in general southeasterly to Winneconnet Pond; outlet through Mill River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay; length, 9 miles. Dedham and Taunton sheets. 378 SURFACE WATERS OP MASSACHUSETTS. Mulpus Brook. — Worcester and Middlesex counties; rises in Worcester County south of Baberry Hill, at altitude about 610 feet above sea level; flows south- eastward 19 miles and discharges into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack) near Woodside; total fall about 400 feet; marshy through much of its course. Groton sheet. Mumford River. — Worcester County; rises in a pond at West Sutton; flows south- eastward to Manchaug Pond, thence eastward and southeastward to Bad Luck Pond at East Douglas, northeastward and northward to Whitins Pond, thence south- eastward to its junction with Blackstone River (tributary to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay) near Uxb ridge; length, about 15 miles. Webster and Blackstone sheets. Munn Brook. — Hampden County; formed in the town of Granville by the union of Dickinson and Tillison brooks; Dickinson Brook, the continuation of Munn Brook, rises on the west slope of Bad Luck Mountain and takes a circuitous course, passing south, southeast, and northeast to the north base of Sodom Mountain, where it receives Tillison Brook; from this point Munn Brook flows southeastward 1 mile, then northeastward 3£ miles to Westfield, where it enters Westfield Little River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Granville sheet. Musquapog Pond. — Worcester County, east of Rice Hill; outlet, a stream about 3 miles long flowing southeastward and then northeastward into Quinapoxet River (tributary to Wachusett Reservoir), about one-fourth mile below Quinapoxet Pond; altitude, about 1,030 feet above sea level; fall of outflowing stream, 300 feet. Worcester sheet. Musquashiat Pond. — Plymouth County; one mile southeast of Scituate Neck; drained westward through the tidal marsh by which Bound Brook is discharged to Cohasset Harbor; a narrow sand-bar separates this pond from the ocean. Abington street. Myricks Pond. — Barnstable County; half a mile northeast of village of Brewster; outlet, a stream flowing southwest and then north into Cape Cod Bay. Wellfleet sheet. Mystic lakes. — Middlesex County; a series of three lakes lying between Arlington and Winchester; inlet to upper lake, Aberjona River; outlet from lower lake, Mystic River to Boston Bay; combined length of three lakes, 1J miles; maximum width, one-half mile; formerly part of water supply system of Boston and vicinity. Boston sheet. Mystic Pond. — Essex County; one-half mile west of Methuen and about 1 mile northwest of Lawrence; inlet, a stream 1J miles long and marshy, flowing in from the west; outlet, a very small stream flowing northward into Spickett River (tributary to the Merrimack); altitude, about 110 feet above sea level; very small. Lawrence sheet. Mystic River. — Middlesex and Essex counties; rises just west of Reading at altitude 100 feet above sea level; takes a general southward course for 9 miles to Arlington, passing through Richardson's and Burbank ponds and Mystic lakes, then flows southeastward about 7 miles to its junction with Charles River and into Boston Bay; called on the map Aberjona River between Richardson Pond and Mystic lakes; fall from source to Mystic lakes, 80 feet; principal tributaries, Alewife Brook and Maiden River. Lawrence and Boston sheets. Nabnasset Pond.— Middlesex County; 1 mile west of West Chelmsford; inlet from Flushing Pond; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing southeastward to Gilsons Brook (tributary through Stony Brook to the Merrimack) ; about 1 mile long. Lowell sheet. GAZETTEEK OF STREAMS. 379 Nagog Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Nagog Pond, 1 mile west of North Acton station, at altitude 220 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 1 mile into Nashoba Brook (tributary through Fort Pond Brook to Assabet River and thus through Concord River to the Merrimack). Lowell sheet. Nagog Pond. — Middlesex County; about 1 mile south of Nashoba Hill and 1 mile west of North Acton station; outlet, Nagog Brook (tributary through Fort Pond Brook to Assabet River and thus through Concord River to the Merrimack) ; alti- tude, 220 feet above sea level; length, 1 mile; maximum width, one-half mile. Lowell sheet. Namasket River. — Bristol and Plymouth counties; rises in the town of Freetown; the headwater stream being known as Fall Brook; flows northward and eastward to Long Pond; then northward through long and Assawompsett ponds to Middleboro whence its general course is northwesterly to Taunton River (tributary to Narra- gansett Bay). The basin includes, in addition to Assawompsett and Long ponds in Lakeville, Elders Pond and a number of smaller ponds in Middleboro. Length of the river from its junction with the Taunton to the head of Fall Brook, about 20 miles. Assawompsett and Elders ponds are used by the city of Taunton as a source of water for municipal supply. Middlesex and New Bedford sheets. Namskaket Creek. — Barnstable County; a channel in the marsh southwest of Namskaket. Wellfleet sheet. Narrow Creek. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; one of a series of tidal inlets at the western end of the island. Muskeget sheet. Nashaqtjitsa Pond. — Dukes County; Martha Vineyard; Gayhead; the southern arm of Menemsha Pond ; separated from the ocean by Stonewall Beach; the pond is much smaller than Menamsha Pond and very irregular in outline. Gayhead sheet. Nashoba Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about one-fourth mile northwest of East Littleton station, at altitude 200 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 4 miles, then takes a general southward course 4£ miles to its junction with Fort Pond Brook (tributary through Assabet River to Concord River and thus to the Merri- mack) ; principal tributaries, Nonset and Nagog brooks. Lowell and Framingham sheets. Nashua River.— Massachusetts and New Hampshire; formed 2 miles north of Clinton by the junction of the north and south branches (see Nashua River, North Branch, and Nashua River, South Branch), takes a general northeasterly course to its junction with Merrimack River at Nashua, N. H. For 3 or 4 miles above the mouth of the Nashua the fall of the stream is rapid, its bed is rocky, and its banks are high; above that point the fall is less for a distance of 8 or 10 miles, but the banks are still high enough to confine the river except in high freshets. From Groton to the mouth of the North Branch the stream is very sluggish, its bed and banks are sandy and gravelly, and considerable areas of muddy land bordering the streams are at times inundated. South Branch of Nashua River has been measured at Clinton by the engineers of the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board since July, 1896. Authorities: Marlboro, Groton, Milford, and Manchester sheets. Maps of Metropolitan Water District. U. S. Geological Survey water-supply papers. See also pages 283-284 of this report. Nashua River, North Branch of. — Formed in the town of Fitchburg by the union of Whitman and Nookagee rivers. W'hitman River, which drains the larger area, is considered the head of the stream and rises on the west slope of Meeting House Hill at altitude about 1,180 feet above sea level; flows southeastward about 8 miles, then northeastward about 1 mile to the point at which it receives Nookagee River. From this junction the North Branch of Nashua flows north- 380 SURFACE WATEKS OF MASSACHUSETTS. eastward 2 miles, then southeastward 14 miles to its junction with South Branch of Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack), in Lancaster. Principal tributary of Whitman River above Fitchburg, the stream that collects the waters of Meeting House, Wachusett, and Grass ponds. Fitchburg, Groton, and Marlboro sheets. Nashua River, South Branch. — Outlet of Wachusett reservoir at Clinton; originally formed by junction of Quinapoxet and Stillwater Rivers at Oakdale, Worcester County; from Clinton takes a general northeasterly course for 2 miles to its junc- tion with the North Branch of Nashua River at Lancaster. The tributaries above the reservoir drain the eastern and southern slopes of Wachusett Mountain; drainage area above Clinton, 118.9 square miles. Worcester and Marlboro sheets. Nasketucket River. — Bristol County; a stream about 3 miles long, flowing south- eastward into Little Bay at the head of Nasketucket Bay, a branch of Buzzards Bay; tidal below Nasketucket. New Bedford sheet. Natty Pond. — Worcester County; northern part of the town of Hubbardston; outlet Natty Pond Brook to Canesto Brook (tributary through Burnshirt River to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut); one-half mile long, one-fourth mile wide. Barre sheet. Natty Pond Brook. — Worcester County; rises in the northern part of the town of Hubbardston; flows southeastward 3J miles passing through Natty Pond, then southwestward 1J miles into Canesto Brook (tributary through Burnshirt River to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Naukeag ponds, upper and lower. — Worcester County; town of Ashburnham; the upper pond is about a mile long and nearly half a mile wide, and discharges by a stream 1 mile long flowing northwestward into Lower Naukeag Pond, the outlet of which is a stream flowing north of west into Millers River (tributary to Con- necticut River). The fall between the upper and lower ponds is about 70 feet. Between the lower pond and the river the fall is about 15 feet. Fitchburg sheet. Neal Pond.— Essex County; a very small pond 1^ miles west of Merrimac; altitude, about 80 feet above sea level; outlet, a stream flowing southeastward 4 miles into Merrimack River, 2 miles east of Haverhill. Haverhill sheet. Nelson Island Creek. — Essex County; a tidewater channel west of Plum Island River (separated from the Atlantic Ocean by Plum Island). Salem sheet. Neponset Reservoir. — Norfolk County; town of Foxborough; outlet, Neponset River to Dorchester Bay; altitude, about 280 feet. Franklin and Dedham sheets. Neponset River. — Norfolk and Suffolk counties; rises in Neponset Reservoir in the town of Foxborough; flows in a general northeasterly course and discharges into Dorchester Bay; length, about 18 miles; total fall, about 280 feet, of which 220 feet occurs in the 10 miles below the reservoir and above the Great Meadows; principal tributaries, Canton River or East Branch and Mother Brook, which flows from Charles River through East Dedham and Hyde Park and joins the main river about 1^ miles below the Great Meadows ; drainage area above Mother Brook, 96.28 square miles. As Mother Brook is legally entitled to one-third of the flow of Charles River, which at the point where the brook begins drains an area of 198.6 square miles, it may be considered as having an additional drainage area of 66.2 square miles, or 68.07 square miles, including area tributary directly to Mother Brook; the drainage area of the Neponset at its mouth including one- third of the drainage area of Charles River above Mother Brook is 180.34 square miles. Franklin, Dedham, and Boston sheets. See also Report of the Massa- chusetts State Board of Health upon the sanitary condition of the Neponset Meadows in the towns of Canton, Sharon, Norwood, Dedham, Milton, and Hyde Park, 1897. Neponset River, East Branch. See Canton River. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 381 Neseponset Pond. — Worcester County; town of Dana; an expansion of the Middle Branch or head of Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut), extending northward from North Dana nearly 2 miles. Belchertown sheet. New Bedford Reservoir. — Bristol County; a pond near the head of Acushnet River (formerly used by the city of New Bedford for municipal supply); principal inflowing stream, Acushnet River; outlet, Acushnet River to New Bedford Har- bor. Middleboro and New Bedford sheets. New Boston River. — Barnstable County; town of Dennis; a marshy channel extend- ing southward from Dennis into the marsh northeast of Yarmouth Port, where it connects with Chase Garden Creek. Yarmouth sheet. Newcomb Pond. — Barnstable County; a small pond 2\ miles north of the village of Wellfleet. Wellfleet sheet. Newfield Pond. — Middlesex County; just west of North Chelmsford; connected by a canal with the pond on Stony Brook (tributary to the Merrimack) at West Chelms- ford; about one-half mile long. Lowell sheet. Newton Pond. — Worcester County; on Quinsigamond River (tributary through Blackstone River to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narra- gansett Bay) northwest of Harlow Hill. Marlboro sheet. Nichol Brook. — Essex County; rises in a swamp about a mile northwest of Danvers at altitude 80 feet above sea level; flows northwestward 3 miles into Ipswich River; marshy throughout part of its course. Salem sheet. Ninemile Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Wilbraham; southwest of North Wil- braham; outlet, the North Branch or head of Mill River (tributary to the Con- necticut). Palmer sheet. Nipmuck Pond. — Worcester County; one mile southwest of the village of Mendon; outlet, Meadow Brook to West River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Nipnuck Pond; Worcester County; 3 miles southeast of Oxford; outlet through Sucker Brook to Lake Chaubunagungamaug (outlet Millbrook to French River and thus through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River, Thames River, and Long Island Sound); very small. Webster sheet. Nippenicket Pond. — Plymouth County; on the southern edge of Great Cedar Swamp; inlet, a stream in the swamp passing through Nunkets Pond; outlet northward to Town River (tributary through Matfield River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Taunton sheet. Nissitisset River. — Hillsboro County, N. H., Middlesex County, Mass.; rises in Potanota Pond in the town of Brookline, N. H.; flows southeastward 7 miles, then north of east 1 mile into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack). The prin- cipal stream flowing into Potanota Pond is Mitchell Brook; altitude of Potanota Pond, about 260 feet above sea level; fall of Nissitisset River between the pond and Nashua River, about 100 feet; principal tributaries of Nissitisset River in Massachusetts, Wold, Gulf, Sacker, and Mine brooks. Milford and Groton sheets. Nichol Brook. — Essex County; rises on the east slope of Pond Hill at altitude 100 feet above sea level; flows generally southward through a small pond into Merri- mack River, one-half mile east of Merrimacport; fall, about 80 feet. Newbury- port sheet. Nobadeer Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; south shore; separated from the ocean by a narrow beach. Nantucket sheet. No Bottom Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Pembroke; one-fourth mile north of Furnace Pond, into which it discharges by a southward-flowing stream. Abington sheet. 382 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Nod Brook.— Middlesex County; a stream about 1 mile long flowing westward into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack) near Paper Mill village in the town of Groton. Groton sheet. Nonacoicus Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in a marsh north of Rocky Hill, flows 2 miles southwestward through Long Pond to Sandy Pond, thence in general west- ward into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack) ; passes through Plowshop Pond south of Ayer; principal tributary, Bowers Brook, which flows into head of the pond just south of Ayer. Groton sheet. Nonset Brook. — Middlesex County; rises one-Jialf mile south of Westford between Blakes Hill and Burns Hill at altitude 300 feet above sea level; takes a general southward course for 2J miles to its junction with Nashoba Brook (tributary through Fort Pond Brook to Assabet River and thus through Concord River to the Merrimack) about one-half mile east of Nashoba Hill. Lowell and Framing- ham sheets. None Such Pond. — Middlesex County; about 3 miles northeast of Natick; inlet, a small stream rising near Weston and flowing south and southwest; outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing southward into Morses Pond (tributary through Waban Lake to Charles River). Framingham sheet. Nookagee River. — Worcester County; rises on the south slope of Little Watatic Mountain in a small pond at altitude 1,130 feet above sea level; takes a general southeasterly course to West Fitchburg, where it joins Whitman River to form North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merri- mack); length, about 9 miles; passes through several small lakes. Called Phillips Brook between Ashburnham and a small lake a mile northwest of Blackburn village. Fitchburg sheet. Northam Creek. — Berkshire County; rises on Bald Mountain in the town of Clarks- burg; flows southward 2 miles into Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson) 2 miles west of North Adams. Greylock sheet. North Branch op Nashua River. See Nashua River, North Branch of. North Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Westhampton; head of North Branch of Manhan River (tributary through Manhan River to the Connecticut). Ches- terfield sheet. North Brook. — Worcester County; rises about 1 mile southeast of Clinton, at altitude 380 feet above sea level; flows generally southward 2 miles, northeastward 1 mile, southeastward 3J miles, and again northeastward about one-half mile into Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). One-half mile from its source it passes through Clamshell Pond, and near South Berlin through a pond about one-fourth mile long. Marlboro sheet. North Meadow Pond. — Hampden County; north of North Blandford; on Pebble Brook (tributary to Springfield reservoir on Westfield Little River, p. 424); shown on the map as 1 mile long and one-fourth mile wide, but has been drained. Gran- ville sheet. North Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Florida; outlet, a stream three-fourths mile long flowing northeastward into Tower Brook (tributary to Cold River and thus through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Greylock sheet. North Pond. — Franklin County; town of Orange; southwest of Walnut Hill; natural outlet, Middle Branch of Swift River, the head of Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut); one-half mile long and one-half mile wide. Diverted to Millers River basin for water supply of Orange. Warwick sheet. North Pond. — Middlesex and Worcester counties; inlet and outlet, Mill River, which flows through it to Blackstone River (tributary to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay); more than 2 miles long; about one-fourth wide. Blackstone sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 383 North Pond. — Nantucket County; Tuckernuck Island; northwest shore; tidal. Muskeget sheet. North Pond. — Worcester County; north of the city of Worcester; outlet, a stream one-eighth mile long, flowing eastward into Mill Brook (tributary through Black- stone River to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay) north of Northville; nearly a mile long and one-half mile wide. Worcester sheet. North River, East Branch. — Franklin County. See North River. North River. — Essex County; formed at Peabody by the junction of Goldthwait and Proctor brooks; flows generally eastward 2 miles through Peabody and Salem, to the North River arm of Beverly Harbor. Salem sheet. North River. — Plymouth County; rises about 1 mile north of North Abington; flows southeastward 8 miles, then in general northeastward 12 miles, then south- eastward again 4 miles to Massachusetts Bay; called French Stream at its head and Indian Head River through the greater part of its middle course; principal tributaries, Drinkwater River, Indian Head Brook, Herring Brook, and First, Second, and Third Herring brooks. The basin contains many marshy tracts and a number of ponds. Abington and Duxbury sheets. North River, W t est Branch. — Franklin County; rises in the town of Whittington, Windham County, Vt., flows southward 3 miles, then southeastward 9 miles to its junction with East Branch (tributary through North River to the Deerfield and thus to the Connecticut) near Lyonsville in the town of Coleraine. Wilmington, Hawley, and Greenfield sheets. North River. — Windham County, Vt., Franklin County, Mass.; formed near Lyons- ville in the town of Colrain by the union of its east and west branches. East Branch, which drains the larger area and is therefore considered the continuation of the main stream, rises 1% miles south of East Wilmington, Vt., and takes a general southeasterly course to a point near Colrain, Mass., where it turns southwest, west, and south, to receive the West Branch; below this junction North River winds south and southwestward to the point at which it enters Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) 1£ miles north of Shelburne Falls; length to head of East Branch, about 20 miles. Wilmington, Hawley, and Greenfield sheets. Norton Reservoir. — Bristol County; town of Norton; inlet, Rumford River; out- let, Rumford River to Threemile River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); a pond about 2 miles long and nearly a mile wide. Taunton sheet. Norwich Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Huntington; outlet, Pond Brook to Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut); one-half mile wide; nearly three- fourths mile long. Chesterfield sheet. Notch Brook. — Berkshire County; rises on Mount Greylock; flows north of east 3£ miles through the Notch to North Adams, where it enters Hoosic River (tribu- tary to the Hudson) . Greylock sheet. Nunkets Pond. — On line between Plymouth and Bristol counties; in the Great Cedar Swamp; outlet, a stream one-half mile long, flowing southeastward through the swamp into Nippenicket Pond, which discharges northward to Town River (tributary through Matfield River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Taunton sheet. Nuttings Pond.— Middlesex County; 1£ miles south of Billerica, at altitude 200 feet above sea level; inlet, two very small streams, unnamed on the map; outlet, a stream about 2 miles long flowing into Concord River (tributary to the Merrimack) ; length, one-half mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile. Lowell sheet. 384 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Oak Hill Pond. — Worcester County; a small pond lying one-half mile southeast of Spectacle Pond in the town of Lancaster; discharges by a stream one-fourth mile long into the brook by which Spectacle Pond is connected with North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack) . Groton sheet. Oldham Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Pembroke; length, about 1 mile; width, one-half mile. Abington sheet. Old Harbor Creek. — Barnstable Creek; town of Sandwich; a tidal channel in the marsh east of Sandwich; connects with Mill Creek. Barnstable sheet. Old Swamp River. — Norfolk County; rises in the town of Rockland; flows west of north 4 miles into Whitman Pond (outlet, Weymouth Back River). Abington sheet. Onota Brook. — Berkshire County; the outlet of Lake Onota in Pittsfield; tributary through the west branch of Housatonic River to Housatonic River; 1| miles long. Pittsfield sheet. Onota Lake. — Berkshire County; town of Pittsfield; principal inlets, Daniels and Lulu brooks; outlet, Onota Brook to West Branch of Housatonic River (tributary to the Housatonic). The main lake is more than a mile long and about one-half mile wide at its widest part. Pittsfield sheet. Orcutt Brook. — Franklin County; rises just north of the New Hampshire-Massa- chusetts boundary line, in the southeastern part of the town of Winchester, N. H. ; flows southeastward 4 miles, then west of south 6 miles to its junction with Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut) at West Orange. Called Gales Brook above the pond east of Hockanum Hill. Warwick sheet. Osgood Brook. — Franklin County; rises in a pond about 3 miles southeast of Millers Falls; flows northwestward 2 miles into Millers River (tributary to the Connecti- cut) 1£ miles east of Millers Falls. Warwick sheet. Osgood Brook. Franklin County; town of Wendell; rises one-half mile north of the village of Wendell; flows northward 1| miles, then northeastward 2 miles into Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut) near Wendell depot. Warwick sheet. Otis Reservoir. — Berkshire and Hampden counties; towns of Otis and Tolland; principal inlet, stream from Benton Lake; outlet, a stream a mile long flowing westward into the Farmington River (tributary to the Connecticut); a large reser- voir occupying a natural site; altitude, 1,422 feet. The reservoir is very irregu- lar in shape, is about 3 miles in maximum length and nearly one-half mile in average width. Its operation greatly affects the low-water flow of Farmington River. Sandisfield sheet. Otter Brook. — Franklin County; town of Gill; rises on the north slope of Barnard Hill; flows southeastward 1 mile, then southward 1 mile into Connecticut River. Warwick sheet. Otter Pond Brook. — Franklin County; town of Gill; rises 2 miles north of Mason Hill; takes a circuitous but in general easterly course to its junction with Dry Brook (tributary to Connecticut River); length, 2\ miles. Greenfield sheet. Otter River. — Worcester County; rises in the town of Hubbardston; flows north- eastward about 3 miles, then very irregularly northwestward to its junction with Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut); length, about 14 miles; principal tributaries, Foster, Pond, Kneeland, Bailey, and Trout brooks. The basin contains many ponds, the largest being Crystal Lake, in Gardner. Fitchburg and Winchendon sheets. Overlook Reservoir.— Worcester County; about 1 mile northwest of the city of Fitchburg. Oyster Creek.— Barnstable County; a tidal channel connecting Oyster Pond with Stage Harbor and Nantucket Sound in the town of Chatham. Chatham sheet. Oyster Pond. — Barnstable County; \\ miles southwest of the city of Falmouth. Falmouth sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 385 Oyster Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Chatham; outlet, Oyster Creek to Stage Harbor and Nantucket Sound; tidal. Chatham sheet. Oyster Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; one of a series of ponds on the south shore of the island, separated from the ocean by a continuous barrier beach; about halfway between Tisbury Great Pond and Edgartown Great Pond . Marthas Vineyard sheet. Packard Pond. — Franklin County; town of Orange; northwest of Fryville; outlet, a stream one-fourth mile long flowing southwestward into West Branch of Tully River (tributary through'Tully River to Millers River and thus to the Connecti- cut). The pond is double, the parts being connected by a short eastward flowing stream. Water is diverted from the East Branch of Tully River into the eastern arm of Packard Pond by a canal about one-fourth mile long. Winchendon sheet . Pages Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Tophet Swamp, one-half mile north of Carlisle, at altitude 180 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 1J miles, then northeastward \\ miles into Concord River (tributary to the Merrimack) 1 mile west of South Billerica; marshy. Lowell sheet. Paixes Creek.— Essex County; a tidewater channel into Greenes Creek (tributary to Plum Island River and thus to, the Atlantic Ocean). Salem sheet. Palmer River. See Warren River. Pamanset River.— Bristol County; rises in Sassaquin Pond; flows southwesterly through Acushnet Cedar Swamp and along the west border of Great Cedar Swamp, northwest of New Bedford, thence in general west of south to Slocums River, through which it passes into Buzzards Bay; length, about 15 miles. New Bedford and Fall River sheets. Pamet River. — Barnstable County; town of Truro; a channel in the marsh extending westward from a point near the Pamet River life-saving station on the ocean to Cape Cod Bay, almost cutting off the north end of Cape Cod Peninsula. W T ellfleet sheet. Pantry Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 2 miles south of Maynard, at altitude about 180 feet above sea level; takes a very irregular course eastward to its junction with Sudbury River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack) ; length, 4£ miles; marshy throughout much of its course. Framingham sheet. Paqua Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; one of a series of ponds on the south shore of the island, separated from the ocean by a continuous barrier beach; one-eighth mile east of Oyster Pond and a mile west of Edgartown Great Pond. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Parish Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Otis; 1 mile northwest of East Otis; outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing southwestward into Farmington River (tributary to the Connecticut). Sandisfield sheet. Parker River. — Essex County; rises 1 mile northwest of West Boxford and 2£ miles east of North Andover, at altitude 160 feet above sea level; flows southeast- ward 1 mile through several small ponds, northeastward 7 miles, and then takes a very irregular course eastward for 10 miles to Plum Island River, a tidewater channel, and thus to the Atlantic Ocean; passes through Rock and Pentucket ponds near Georgetown and through several small ponds unnamed on the map; swampy throughout its course. On the Salem sheet the stretch of Parker River flowing from Georgetown northward through the swamp is called Penn Brook; principal tributaries, Beaver Brook, Mill River (or Creek), and Little River. Lawrence, Haverhill, Newburyport, and Salem sheets. Parkers River. — Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; rises in Plashes Pond; flows southward 2\ miles into Nantucket Sound; tidal in its lower course. Yar- mouth sheet. 40966°— wsp 415—16 25 386 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Park Pond. — Middlesex County; 3 miles northwest of Lowell, one-fourth mile south of Tyngs Pond; surrounded by a marsh which is drained southward through Scarlet Brook to the Merrimack. Lowell sheet. Pasture Brook. — Essex County; rises on the east slope of Huy Slow Hill, just west of Rowley, at altitude 60 feet above sea level; flows eastward 1 mile, then north- westward 2 miles into Mill Creek (tributary through Parker River to Plum Island River and thus to the Atlantic Ocean) near Glen Mills. Salem sheet. Pasture Pond. — Barnstable County; one of a group of ponds northwest of Province- town. Provincetown sheet. Patch Meadow Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 2\ miles west of Billerica, and 1 mile east of Tophet Swamp, at altitude 180 feet above sea level; flows southwestward 1^ miles into River Meadow Brook (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Lowell sheet. Pattaquattic Pond. — Hampden County; town ot Palmer; a small pond one-eighth mile east of Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut); connected with Forest Pond. Palmer sheet. Pea Brook. — Franklin County; town of Conway; rises a mile southeast of Pine Hill; flows northwestward 1J miles, then northeastward one-half mile into Bear River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. Pearl Hill Brook (north). — -Worcester and Middlesex counties; rises on the north- east slope of Pearl Hill in Worcester County, at altitude 610 feet above sea level; flows northeastward into Middlesex County and discharges into Squannacook River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack) just below Ashby Swamp; length, about 5 miles; fall, 270 feet. Fitchburg sheet. Pearl Hill Brook (south).— Worcester County; rises about 1 mile east of Pearl Hill, about 480 feet above sea level; flows southward 2 J miles, then southwest- ward one-half mile into Baker Brook (tributary through North Branch of Nashua River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack). Fitchburg sheet. Pebble Brook. — Head of Westfield Little River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Granville sheet. Pecks Brook. — Berkshire County; rises on the south slope of Mount Greylock; flows southeasterly to Adams, where it enters Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson); 3 J miles long. Greylock sheet. Pecowsic Brook. — Hampden County; rises on the north slope of McCarthy Hill in the town of Long Meadow; flows westerly in a very circuitous course into Con. necticut River a mile south of the mouth of Mill River in Springfield; length, 6 miles. Springfield sheet. Pecuanticiot River. See Mill River, Bristol County. Pelham Brook. — Franklin County; rises just south of the Massachusetts- Vermont boundary, in the town of Rowe; flows southward 2\ miles, then southwestward 4^ miles into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Zoar. Hawley sheet. Penn Brook. See Parker River. Penny Brook. — Essex County; rises in Tomlin Swamp; flows northwestward one- half mile into Walden Pond, then westward one-half mile into Hawkes Brook (tributary to Saugus River, which discharges into Boston Bay) at North Saugus. Boston Bay sheet. Map in report of Massachusetts State Board of Health, page 75. Penny Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Ware; a stream less than a mile long flowing southwestward into Beaver Brook (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Palmer sheet. Pentucket Pond. — Essex County; just north of Georgetown; inlet, Parker River from Rock Pond; outlet, Penn Brook and Parker River (tributary through Plum Island River to the Atlantic Ocean); altitude, 80 feet above sea level. Salem sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 387 Perchog Brook. — Cheshire County, N. H., Franklin County, Mass.; rises in the town of Winchester, N. H.; flows south westward into Connecticut River near East Northfield, Mass.; length, 5 miles, of which only 1 mile is in Massachu- setts. Warwick sheet. Perry Pond. — Worcester County; 1 mile northwest of East Brookfield and one- fourth mile west of Furnace Pond; two inflowing streams, one from a small pond at East Brookfield and the other, Dunn Brook, which flows through it and is tributary to Quaboag River (tributary through Chicopee River to Connecticut) Brookfield sheet. Peter Pond.— Worcester County; town of Dudley; outlet, a stream less than a mile long flowing southwestward into Merino Pond (outlet to French River and thus through Quinebaug, Shetucket, and Thames rivers to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. ♦ Peters Pdnd. — Barnstable County; 1 mile northwest of the village of Wakeby and one-half mile north of Wakeby Pond; natural outlet through Wakeby Pond, and Mashpee River to Nantucket Sound. Barnstable sheet. Peters Pond. — Essex County; in the town of Methuen, 4 miles west of Lawrence; altitude, about 60 feet above sea level; outlet, a small stream about a mile long flowing southeastward into Bartletts Brook (tributary to Merrimack River); length, about three-fourths mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile. Pew Brook.— Worcester County; town of Gardner; rises on the east slope of Ray Hill; flows southwestward 2 miles, then northwestward 1 mile into Foster Brook (tributary to Otter River and thus through Millers River to the Connecticut); 1 receives the overflow from South Gardner Reservoir. Fitchburg sheet. Phelps Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in the southeastern part of the town of Hancock; flows southeastward into a pond on Housatonic Branch (tributary through west branch of Housatonic River to the Housatonic) at Lower Barker- ville; length, 3 miles. Pittsfield sheet. Phillips Brook. — Plymouth County; rises near West Duxbury; flows southeastward 1 mile, then northeastward 2 miles to its junction with South River (tributary to Massachusetts Bay); passes through two ponds. Abington and Duxbury sheets. Phillips Brook. — Worcester County; a brook about a mile long connecting two of the chain of small lakes on Nookagee River between Ashburnham and Black- burn village; marshy. Fitchburg sheet. Phillips Creek. — Berkshire County; town of North Adams; a stream 2 miles long flowing north of west into Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson) a mile south of North Adams. Grey lock sheet. Phillipston Pond. — Worcester County; 1 mile southeast of the village of Phillip- ston; outlet, a stream flowing eastward into the swamp on Burnshirt River (tribu- tary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut) east of East Phillipston. Winchendon sheet. Philo Brook. — Hampden County; town of Agawam; rises in the western part of the township; flows southeastward 2\ miles, then passes into Connecticut and takes a southerly course to its junction with Muddy Brook, through which it is tributary to Stony Brook and thus to Connecticut River. Springfield and Hartford sheets. Pickerel Pond. — Hampden County; a small pond north of Ludlow and about 1 mile north of Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut). Palmer sheet. Pickerel Pond. — Middlesex County; in the marsh 2 miles north of Natick; drains through Mud Pond to Jennings and Morses Ponds and thus through Waban Lake to Charles River. Framingham sheet. Pickerel Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Wareham; 2 miles north of Onset. Plymouth sheet. 388 SUKFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Pierce Brook. — Worcester County; town of West Brookfield; a stream about a mile long flowing southeastward into Ellis River (tributary through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Pierpoint Meadow Pond. —Worcester County; one mile southeast of South Charlton; outlet, a stream one-eighth mile long flowing northward into the stream connect- ing Charlton Reservoir with Little River (tributary through French River to Quinebaug River and thus through Shetucket and Thames rivers to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Pilgrim Lake.— Barnstable County; 2 miles east of Provincetown; north of Pilgrim Beach; 1^ miles long. Provincetown sheet. Pine Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston; rises one-half mile south of West Duxbury; flows southward into Jones River (tributary to Kingston Bay); passes through several ponds; length, 4 miles. Abington sheet. Pine Creek. — Essex County; a tidewater channel on Plum Island, about 1£ miles long and flowing southward into Plum Island River opposite Great Neck. Salem sheet. Pine Hill Brook. — Worcester County; town of Barre; rises on the south slops of Far- row Hill; flows southward 3 miles into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Pine Point River.— Plymouth County; a tidal channel in Duxbury Marsh. Duxbury sheet. Pines River. — Essex and Middlesex counties; rises above Swamp Pond, just north of Maiden, at altitude 100 feet above sea level; takes a very irregular course east- ward for about 6 miles, through Maiden, and joins SaUgus River at its entrance to Boston Bay. Boston and Boston Bay sheets. Pine Swamp Brook.— Bristol County; town of Taunton; rises in Prospect Hill Pond north of Taunton; flows eastward about 3 miles to Kings Pond, then west of south 3 miles into Taunton Riyer (tributary to Narragansett Bay) about a mile east of the city of Taunton, principal tributary, stream from Gushee Pond. Taunton sheet. Plainfield Pond. — Franklin County; north of West Mountain; outlet, King Brook to Chickley River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Hawley sheet. Plantain Pond. — Berkshire Co\mty; southeastern part of the town of Mount Wash- ington; between Mount Plantain and Race Mountain; outlet, a stream 1^ miles long flowing southeasterly into Schenob Brook (tributary to the Housatonic). Sheffield sheet. Plashes Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; two small ponds connected by a short stream; outlet, Parkers River to Nantucket Sound. Yarmouth sheet. Pleasant Brook. — Worcester County; town of Barre; rises 2 miles northeast of the vil- lage of Barre; flows southward 1| miles, then southwestward \\ miles to Prince River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Con- necticut). Barre sheet. Pleasantdale Pond.— Worcester County; town of Sutton; an expansion of Cold Spring Brook (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Pleasant Pond.— Essex County; in Wenham Swamp, 3 \ miles northeast of Danvers; inlet, a very small stream coming in from the south; outlet, a stream 1 mile long flowing somewhat northwestward into Ipswich River; length, about one-half mile; maximum width, less than one-fourth mile. Salem sheet. Plowshop Pond. — Middlesex County; in the southern part of Ayer; inlets, Bowers Brook and stream from Sandy Pond. Groton sheet. GAZETTEEE OF STREAMS. 389 Plug Pond.— Essex County; a small pond just east of Haverhill; outlet, a small stream about one-half mile long flowing southward into Merrimack River at Haverhill; altitude, about 140 feet above sea level. Haverhill sheet. Plum Island River. — Essex County; a tidal channel separated from the ocean by Plum Island and receiving the drainage from the area between the mouth of the . Merrimack and the mouth of the Ipswich. The principal stream in this area extending beyond the limits of the swamp is Parker River. The other streams in the swamp west of Plum Island River are creeks and rivers in name only, as most of them, are merely tidewater channels. Newburyport and Salem sheets. Plunkett Reservoir. — Berkshire County; town of Hinsdale; two inflowing streams; outlet, a stream three-fourths mile long flowing northeastward into Housatonic River. Becket sheet. Pocksha Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Lakeville; the eastern arm of Assa- wompsettPond. See Assawompsett Pond. Middleboro sheet. Pomps Pond. — Essex County; a very small pond about a mile south of Andover; out- let, a short stream flowing into Shawsheen River (tributary to the Merrimack); altitude, about 60 feet above sea level. Lawrence sheet. Pond Brook.— Franklin County; town of Leverett; rises 1 mile south of North Leverett; flows southward to East Leverett, where it units with Roaring Brook to form Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut) ; 3^ miles long. Belchertown sheet. Pond Brook. — Franklin County; town of Montague; rises on the west slope of Dry Hill; flows north of west \\ miles to Great Pond, thence south w estward 1^ miles into Saw Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. Pond Brook. — Hampden County; rises in a pond 2 miles north of West Gran\ ille; flows southward 5 miles and unites with Hubbard Brook to form the East Branch of Farmington River (tributary through Farmington River to the Connecticut). Granville sheet. Pond Brook. — Hampden County; rises in Hampton Pond; flows southward 2 miles, passing through Horse Pond, then southwesterly 3 miles into Powder Mill Brook (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Springfield sheet. Pond Brook. — Hampden County; nses on the north slope of Barnes Mountain, in the town of Tolland; flows northeasterly 3£ miles, southeastward 1 mile, then again northeastward one-half mile to its junction with Pebble Brook and thus to Springfield reservoir on Westfield Little River. See Westfield Little River. Principal tributary, stream from Blair Pond. Granville sheet. Pond Brook. — Hampshire County; rises in Norwich Pond in the town of Hunting- ton; flows south westward 3 miles into Westfield River (tributary to the Connec- ticut). Chesterfield sheet. Pond Brook. — Worcester County; city of Gardner; a stream about 2 miles long draining a series of small ponds south of Crystal Lake and flowing southwest- ward into Otter River (tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut). Fitchburg and Winchendon sheets. Ponkapoag Brook. — Norfolk County; rises in Ponkapoag Pond in the eastern part of the town of Canton; flows westward one-half mile, then northwestward 2 miles Into Neponset River in the Great Meadows. Dedham sheet. Ponkapoag Pond.— Norfolk County; Canton and Randolph townships; outlet. Ponka- poag Brook to Neponset River. Dedham sheet. Pontoosuc Lake.— Berkshire County; towns of Lanesboro and Pittsfield; principal inlet, wrest branch of Housatonic River, which flows through it to its junction with Housatonic River. The lake is U miles long, about 1 mile wide, and con- tains several small islands. Berlin. Greylock, Pittsfield, and Becket six Poor Meadow Brook. See Satucket River. 390 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Popple Hill Brook. — Franklin County; rises on the east slope of Popple Hill; flows northward 1^- miles into Roaring Brook (tributary through Mill River to the Connecticut). Northampton sheet. Populatic Pond. — Norfolk County; 1 mile southeast of Med way; drained by Charles River, which flows across its northern end. Franklin sheet. Poquoy Trout Brook.— Plymouth County, town of Middleboro; rises about 1 mile southwest of the city of Middleboro; flows northwestward 4 miles into Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. Porter River. — Essex County; a tidewater channel just east of Danvers; length southeastward about 1 mile to Danvers River and thus to the Atlantic. The head of Porter River is called Frost Fish Brook. Salem sheet. See Frost Fish Brook. Potash Brook. — Hampden County; rises near Blandford; flows south of east 5£ miles to Salmon Falls, where it enters Westfield River (tributary to the Con- necticut); principal tributary, stream from Hazzard Pond. Granville sheet. Potash Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Williamsburg; head of Wright River (tributary through Mill River to the Connecticut). Northampton sheet. Potash Brook. — Middlesex County; rises southeast of Marsh Hill, 1| miles north of Central ville, at altitude 160 feet above sea level; flows southeastward about one- hbjf mile into Richardson Brook (tributary through Trout Brook to the Merri- mack). Lowell sheet. Potash Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1^ miles southwest of Barre Falls; flow southwestward into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Con- necticut); 1 mile long. Barre sheet. Pottapaug Pond. — Worcester County; east of Pottapaug Hill; a large pond on the East Branch of Swift River (tributary through Swift River to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) in the town of Dana. Barre sheet. Poucha Pond. — Dukes County; Chappaquiddick Island; east of Marthas Vineyard; separated from Nantucket Sound on the east by a narrow barrier beach; con- nected by a channel extending from it's northeastern end to Cape Poge Bay east of Edgartown Harbor. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Powder Mill Brook.— Hampden County; rises 1 mile southeast of the village of Montgomery; flows southeastward 1\ miles to its junction with Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut), 1 mile below the mouth of Little River. Gran- ville and Springfield sheets. Powow River. — Rockingham County, N. H., and Essex County, Mass.: rises in the town of Sandown in Rockingham County, N. H., at altitude 240 feet above sea level; flows generally south of east 7 m'les through Angle and Country ponds, then northward 1 mile into a swamp through which its passes in a general east- ward direction, and takes a very irregular course southeastward 4£ miles, crossing into Essex County, Mass., and around the south slope of Ring Hill. Just east of R ; ng Hill it again flows northward into New Hampshire, where it makes an abrupt turn and takes a southeastward course for 3^ miles into Massachusetts, passing through Lake Garner and discharging into the Merrimack at Salisbury Point; total length, about 22 miles. Haverhill and Newburyport sheets. Prankers Pond. — Essex County; about 2 miles northeast of Melrose; inlet. Saugus River; outlet. Saugus River to Boston Bay; length, about three-fourths mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile. Boston sheet. Pratt Brook. — Worcester County; town of Barre; forme.d near Barre Plains by the junction of Burrow and Bell broods. Burrow Brook, considered the continua- tion of Pratt BrooK, rises in the town of Oakham and flows northwesterly to the junction, below which Pratt Brook flows westward into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut); length to head of Burrow Brook, 4£ miles; below mouth of Bell Brook, 1 mile. Barre sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 391 Pratt Pond.— Worcester County; town of Upton; near head of Center Brook, which flows through it to West River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Priest Brook.— Cheshire County, N. H., and Worcester County, Mass.; rises south of Monadnock Mountain; flows southerly to its junction with Millers River 4 miles southwest of Winchendon, Mass.; called Scott Brook above a small pond through which it flows below Fitzwilliam, N. H.; length to head of Scott Brook, 14 mile6. Monadnock and Winchendon sheets. Prince River. — Worcester County; town of Barre; rises 2 miles north of west from the village of Williamsville; flows southward into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) at Barre Plains; length, 8 miles; principal tributaries, Pleasant, Galloway, and Smith brooks; passes through many small ponds. Barre sheet. Proctor Brook. — Essex County; rises 3 miles southwest of Danvers, at altitude 80 feet above sea level; flows generally southeastward 4 miles to its junction with Goldthwait Brook to form North River (which joins the Atlantic Ocean at Beverly Harbor); marshy throughout much of its course. Salem sheet. Prospect Hill Pond.— Bristol County; town of Taunton; north of the city of Taun- ton; outlet, Pine Swamp Brook to Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay). Taunton sheet. Prospect Lake. — Berkshire County; northwestern part of the town of Egremont; two inflowing streams; outlet, a stream a mile long flowing north and east into Green River (tributary to the Housatonic). Sheffield sheet. Pudding Brook. — Plymouth County; formed by two branches that unite near East Pembroke; the longer branch rises in the town of Marshfield at an altitude of about 70 feet above sea level and flows in general southwestward about 3 miles; below the junction the brook flows northwestward and westward 2\ miles into Herring Brook (tributary to North River). Duxbury and Abington sheets. Puffer Pond. — Middlesex County; \\ miles south of Maynard; altitude, 1 200 feet above sea level; outlet, a stream flowing northwestward \\ miles into Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Framingham sheet. Pumpkin Brook. — Middlesex County; a stream about 2 miles long rising 2 miles south of Townsend Harbor and flowing eastward into Squannacook River (tribu- tary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Groton sheet, Punch Brook. — Franklin -County; town of Greenfield; a stream 2 miles long flowing southeastward into Green River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Con- necticut) a mile south of the mouth of Glen Brook. Greenfield sheet. Punch Brook. — Worcester County; a stream about \\ miles long, rising in the hills northwest of Fitchburg and flowing southeastward into North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Fitchburg sheet. Purgatory Brook. — Norfolk County; rises in the marsh east of West Dedham; flows southeastward into Neponset River in the Great Meadows; length, 4 miles. Dedham sheet. Purgatory Brook. — Worcester County; town of Sutton; rises a mile west of Pur- gatory Chasrn; flows southeastward and eastward to Burts Pond; thence south- ward to Whitins Pond on Mumford River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay); length, 3 miles. Blackstone sheet. Purgee Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Pelham; rises a mile north of the vil- lage of Pplham; flows southeastward 3 miles into the West Branch of Swift River (tributary through Swift River to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut ). Iiolchortown sheet. 392 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Putnam Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in a swamp on the south slope of Rob- bins Hill, 1 mile northeast of South Chelmsford at altitude 180 feet above sea level; flows northeastward 1J miles into River Meadow Brook (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack) near Chelmsford Center. Lowell sheet. Pye Brook. — Essex County; rises in Spoffords Pond, 2 miles southeast of West Boxford, at altitude 120 feet above sea level; flows generally southeastward 5 miles to its junction with Howlett Brook to form Miles Brook (tributary to Ipswich River); passes through Four Mile Pond; marshy. Lawrence and Salem sheets. Quaboag Pond. — Worcester County; town of Brookfield; several inflowing streams, the most important being East Brookfield River, considered the continuation of Quaboag River; outlet, Quaboag River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut; the pond is triangular in shape and measures about a mile along each side. Brookfield sheet. Quaboag River. — Worcester and Hampden counties; the most southerly of the three principal tributaries of the Chicopee; flows from Quaboag Pond in the town of Brookfield; the pond receives as its principal feeder East Brookfield River, whose principal tributary, Sevenmile River, may be considered the head of the Quaboag. Sevenmile River rises in the town of Rutland a mile southeast of the southern end of Long Pond and flows southwesterly to Spencer, where it enters the pond from which East Brookfield River flows southwesterly into Quaboag Pond; from Quaboag Pond, Quaboag River flows northwestward to West Brookfield, where it receives the outlet of Wickaboag Pond, southwest ward to Warren, westward to a point a mile west of West Warren, then southward to the western base of Fenton Mountain, from which point its general course' is northwestward to Three Rivers where it joins Ware River to form Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut); length of the Quaboag below Quaboag Pond, 23 miles; total drainage area above Three Rivers, 210 square miles; principal tributary of East Brookfield River below Sevenmile River is Fivemile River, which flows through Brooks and Furnace ponds and drains parts of Oakham, New Braintree, Spencer and North Brookfield; the most important tributary of Sevenmile River is Turkey Brook; below Quaboag Pond, Quaboag River receives Coy Brook, the outlet of Wickaboag Pond, Ellis River, and Kings Brook from the north, Blodgett Mill, Chicopee, and Twelvemile brooks from the south. The area east and north of Brookfield contains many ponds. Gaging stations at West Warren, 1904-1907, and at West Brimfield, 1909-1915. Worcester, Webster, Barre, Brook- field, and Palmer sheets. See also pages 135-149 of this report. Quacumquasit Pond; Worcester County; town of Brookfield; south of Quaboag Pond (tributary through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and thus to the Con- necticut) with which it is connected by a northward flowing stream one-half mile long. The pond is about 1£ miles long and nearly half a mile in maximum width. Brookfield sheet. Quaker Brook. — Bristol County; town of Berkley; rises on the northeastern slope of Brants Hill; flows southeastward into Forges Pond on Assonet River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); length, 2 miles. Taunton sheet. Quakers Run.— Barnstable County; a stream about a mile long flowing southeast- ward into Cotuit River 1£ miles west of Cotuit Port. Barnstable sheet. Quannapowitt Lake.— Middlesex County; just north of Wakefield; inlet, head of Saugus River and another small stream coming in from the west; outlet, Saugus River, which discharges into Boston Bay; altitude 100 feet above sea level; length, about 1 mile; maximum width, about one-half mile. Lawrence sheet. Queen Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Pembroke; a stream less than half a mile long flowing westward into the north end of Furnace Pond. Abington sheet- Queen Sewell Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Bourne; a small pond lying between Monument River and Buttermilk Bay; connected by a marsh with Little Buttermilk Bay. Plymouth sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 393 Quequechax River. — -Bristol County; city of Fall River; the stream connecting Watuppa ponds with Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay). Fall River sheet. Quinapoxet Pond. — Worcester County; principal inflowing stream, South Wachusett Brook; outlet, Quinapoxet River (tributary to Wachusett Reservoir); altitude about 750 feet above sea level; length, about three-fourths mile; maximum width, three-eighths mile. Worcester sheet. Quinapoxet River. — Rises in Quinapoxet Pond in the northern part of Worcester County, in the town of Hold en, at altitude about 750 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 3 miles, then northeast and east 3 miles, to Wachusett Reservoir at Oakdale; principal tributaries, South Wachusett Brook, the main feeder of Quinapoxet Pond, Asnebumskit Brook, and Trout Brook. Worcester sheet. Quinebaug River. — Hampden and Worcester Counties, Mass., Windham and New London Counties, Conn.; formed in the town of Brimfield, Hampden County, where Mill Brook, the headwater stream draining the largest area, receives a number of tributaries from the towns of Wales and Holland. Of these smaller tributaries Hollow Brook is superior by reason of drainage area and is therefore to be considered the head of the Quinebaug. Hollow Brook rises on the east slope of Mount Pisgah and flows northward about 4 miles to its junction with Charles Brook; from this point Mill Brook flows eastward and southeastward into the swamp southwest of East Brimfield where it receives a stream that carries the overflow from Mashapaug Pond, Hamilton Reservoir, and Holland Pond; from this point the stream flows northeastward to Fiskdale, thence southeasterly through the towns of Sturb ridge, Southbridge, and Dudley, Mass., southerly through the eastern part of Windham County, Conn., to Wauregan, thence southwesterly to its junction with Shetucket River (tributary through Thames River to Long Island Sound) 3 miles above its mouth; length below mouth of Mill Brook, about 60 miles, in which distance the fall is about 600 feet; average fall below Southbridge, about 7 feet per mile. The large number of storage reservoirs and mill ponds holds back the water of storms and melting snows and modifies the violence of freshets. The water power report of the Tenth Census (p. 201) lists 39 ponds, of which 21 are in Massachusetts. The largest of these ponds (Lake Chaubunagung- amaug) covers an area of 1,300 acres. The river is extensively used for power at many points in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Principal tributaries of the Quinebaug in Massachusetts below the mouth of Mill Brook include streams from Long and Cedar ponds, Hamant, Hobbs, Breakneck, Hatchet, Globe, Cady, Cohasse, Lebanon, and Tufts brooks, and French River, which joins the Quinebaug in Connecticut but drains a considerable area in Massachusetts. Brookfield, Webster, Putnam, Moosup, and Norwich sheets. See also Reports on the water power of the United States, Tenth Census (1880), vol. 16, pp. 200-212, 1885, in which the water powers of the Quinebaug and its tributaries are described. Quinsigamond Lake. — Worcester County; an expansion of Quinsigamond River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay); about 5^ miles long, one-eighth to one-fourth mile wide in the upper part and one about 1 mile wide in the lower part; altitude, 360 feet above sea level. Worcester, Marlboro, and Blackstone sheets. Quinsigamond River.- Worcester County; rises about 1 mile southeast of Boylston Center in the town of Boylston; flows southwestward to Sewell Pond, thence southward through Newton Pond to the head of Lake Quinsigamond, from which it flows southeastward to Goddard Pond, thence southward to Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narrangansett Bay) at Fisher ville; length, 14 miles; principal tributaries, Great and South Jordan brooks, which flow into Lake Quinsigamond. Worcester, Marlboro, and Blackstone sheets. 394 SUEFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. -Quittacas Ponds.— See Great Quittacas and Little Quittacas ponds. Quivett Creek. — A channel in the marsh east of East Dennis. Yarmouth and Wellfleet sheets. Quostinet River.— Barnstable County; rises at the north end of John Pond; flows eastward through a marsh one-half mile, then in general west of south to Waquoit Bay, through which it is connected with Nantucket Sound; length, about 5 miles. Falmouth sheet. ' ■ Rabbit Pond. — 'Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; a very small pond lying one- half mile west of the beach close to the south end of Fresh Pond . Plymouth sheet. Ramshorn Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1 mile south of Ramshorn Pond; flows northeastward through the pond to West Millbury, thence northwestward to Stoneville, where it enters the pond on Kettle Brook (tributary to Blackstone River, and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay) ; length, 7 miles. Webster sheet. Ramshorn Pond. — Worcester County; 1 mile south of West Millbury; outlet, Rams- horn Brook to Kettle Brook (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Webster sheet. R-aven Brook. — Plymouth County; rises about 3 miles northeast of Middleboro; flows northward along the eastern edge of Great Cedar Swamp and discharges into Wenatuxet River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay) near South Halifax; length, about 4 miles, Middleboro sheet. Rawson Brook. — Berkshire County; rises on Chestnut Hill in the town of Monterey; flows southwesterly 2\ miles, northwesterly 3 miles to its junction with Konkapot River (tributary to the Housatonic). Sandisfield sheet. Red Brook,— Barnstable County, town of Mashpee; a stream about a mile long flowing southwestward into one of the eastern arms of Waquoit Bay. Falmouth sheet.. Red Brook, — Hampshire County, town of Southampton; rises on the southwest slope of Little Mountain; flows southwesterly 1^ miles, thence southeasterly 1 mile into Manhan River (tributary to the Connecticut). Springfield sheet. IRed Brook. — Plymouth and Barnstable counties; rises in White Island Pond; flows irregularly southward and discharges into Buttermilk Bay at the head of (Cohasset Narrows, Buzzards Bay; length, about 4 miles. For 2 miles above IButtermilk Bay, Red Brook is on the boundary between the towns of Wareham and Plymouth. Plymouth sheet. Hed River. — Barnstable County; a channel in the marsh southeast of South Har- wich. Yarmouth sheet. Reed Brook. — Berkshire County; a stream about a mile long, flowing westward into Tophet Brook (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson) in the town of Adams. Greylock sheet. Reed Pond. — Nantucket County, Nantucket Island, northwest of the city of Nan- tucket; a very small pond less than one-eighth mile back from the beach. Nan- tucket sheet. IReedy Meadow Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in a swamp about 2\ miles south- east of Pepperell; flows northward into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. ^Reservoir Marsh Pond. — Norfolk County; \\ miles north of Wrentham; on Stop River (tributary to Charles River). Franklin sheet. ^Reservoir Pond. — Bristol County, town of North Attleboro; west of Attleboro Falls and Robinsonville; inflowing stream passes through a pond above North Attleboro; outlet to Tenmile River and thus to Narragansett Bay. Providence sheet.. Reservoir Pond. — Norfolk County, town of Canton; principal inlet, a stream flowing through the marsh in the eastern part of the township; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing from the west end southward into the pond on Canton River at Canton. Dedham sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 395 Reservoirs Nos. 1 to 5. — Worcester and Middlesex counties; storage reservoirs in the Sudbury Basin constructed by the city of Boston and the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board. See Sudbury River and Concord River. Marlboro and Framingham sheets. Revere Brook. — Essex County; rises about 1 mile northwest of Lynn, at altitude 100 feet above sea level; flows southwest-ward one-half mile into Breeds Pond, and continues southeastward for 1 mile into Saugus River, which discharges into Boston Bay; principal tributary, stream draining Birch Pond. Boston and Bos- ton Bay sheets. Rice Brook. — FraiiKlin i ounty; town of Charlemont; rises northeast of Legate Hill; flows southeastward 3^ miles into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Charlemont. Hawley sheet; Richardson Brook. — Middlesex County; formed by the junction of Potash Brook and another small brook about 1£ miles north of Centralv : lle, at altitude 100 feet above sea level; flows southeastward I mile into Trout Brook (tributary to the Merrimack); Potash Brook is considered the head of Richardson Brook. Lowell sheet . Richardsoxs Pond. — Middlesex County; about 2\ miles west of Wakefield; inlet, Mystic River; outlet, Aberjona River, and thus through Mystic lakes and My9tic River to Boston Bay; altitude. 60 feet above sea level; length, about one-half mile; maximum width, less than one-fourth mile. Lawrence sheet. Richmond Pond. — Berkshire County; towns of Pittsfield and Richmond; several inflowing streams; outlet, Housatonic Branch (tributary through West Branch of Housatonic River to the Housatonic); one-half mile wide; three-fourths mile long. Pittsfield sheet. River Meadow Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about three-fourths mile southeast of Nashoba, at altitude 220 feet above sea level; flows northeastward 4£ miles, passing through Tophet Swamp, northwestward 1 mile, and again northeastward in an irregular course for 5 miles to its junction with Concord River (tributary to the Merrimack) at Lowell; fall from source to mouth, 120 feet; principal tributaries, House, Patch. Meadow, Farley. Putnam. Beaver, and Golden Cove brooks. Lowell sheet. Roaring Brook. — Berkshire County; rises near Washington village in the town of Washington; flows northwestward to its junction with Housatonic River in the town of Lenox; about 5 miles long; passes through Clapp Pond. Becket sheet. Roaring Brook. — Bristol County; a stream about 2 miles long flowing in general southeastward into New Bedford Reservoir (unused-) at the head of Acushnet River (tributary to New Bedford Harbor). Middleboro sheet. Roaring Brook. — Franklin County; rises in the town of Conway 2 miles southwest of the village of Conway; flows southeasterly 5 miles to its junction with Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut); principal tributary. Popple Hill Brook. North- ampton sheet. Roaring Brook.— Franklin County; town of Shutesbury. See Mill River. Roaring Brook. — Hampden and Hampshire counties; rises in the town of Chester, 2 miles northwest of Chester Center; flows southeasterly 5 miles to its junction with the West Branch of Westfield River (tributary through \\ estfield River to the Connecticut I, Chesterfield and Granville sheets. Roaring Brook. — Hampshire and Hampden counties; rises on .Norwich Hill in the town of Huntington; flows southwesterly 5 miles to its junction with Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Chesterfield and Granville sheets. Robbin Pond. — Plymouth County; a pond one-half mile wide by one-sixteenth mile long, lying 4 miles east by north from Bridgewater; inlet, from Stump Pond; out- let, northward to Satucket River (tributary through Mat field River to Tauntou River, and thus to Narragansett Ba\ >. Abington sheet. 396 SURFACE WATEBS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Rob bins Pond. — Barnstabls County; one-half mile northeast of North Harwich. Yarmouth sheet. Robbins Pond.— Middlesex County; a small, marshy pond about 1£ miles southwest of Ayer, discharging by a stream 1^ miles long flowing northward into Nonacoicus Brook (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. Robert Meadow Brook. — Hampshire County; rises 2 miles southwest of Battlecock Hill; flows southeastward 3 miles into Roberts Brook (tributary through Mill River to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. . . Roberts Brook.— Hampshire County; rises on the south slope of Battlecock H«ll; flo^s southeastward 4 miles, thence northeastward 3 miles into Mill River (trib- utary to the Connecticut) at Leeds; principal tributary, Robert Meadow Brook. Chesterfield and Northampton sheets. Robinson Brook.— Middlesex County; rises 1^ miles northeast of Townsend Harbor; flows west of south 1 mile, then southeastward 2 miles into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack); tributary, Bancroft Brook. Groton sheet. Robinson Creek. — Plymouth County; rises on the west slope of Long Hill, in the town of Marshfield; flows circuitously westward into North River; about 2 miles long. Abington sheet. Rochdale Pond. — Worcester County; just north of the village of Rochdale; on French River (tributary through Quinebaug Ri^er to Shetucket River, and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Roche Run. — Plymouth County; town of Hanson; a stream about one-half mile long, flowing northward into Indian Head River (tributary to North River). Abing- ton sheet. Rock Creek. — Barnstable County; a channel in the marsh north of Rock Harbor. Wellfleet sheet. Rock Meadow Brook. — Worcester, County; rises on the south slope of Miscoe Hill; flows southwestward 3^ miles into West River (tributary to Blackstone River, and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Rock Pond. — Essex County; just west of Georgetown; inlet, Parker River; outlet, Parker River (tributary to Plum Island River, and thus to the Atlantic Ocean) through Pentucket Pond; length, one-half mile; maximum width, about one- fourth mile; altitude, 100 feet above sea level. Lawrence sheet. Rocky Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the east slope of Justice Hill, at altitude 770 feet above sea level; flows east of south 2 miles, then southwestward 1 mile into Stillwater River (tributary to Wachusett Reservoir). Worcester sheet. Rocky Gutter Brook, East. — Plymouth County; rises in the swamp north of South Middleboro; flows southward 2 miles and unites with West Rocky Meadow Brook to form Double Brook (tributary to Weweantic River and thus to Buzzards Bay). Middleboro sheet. Rocky Gutter Brook, West. — See Double Brook. Rocky Meadow Brook. — Plymouth County; rises 3 miles west of the village of Carver; flows southwestward 1 mile, then southeastward about 2 miles into Weweantic River (tributary to Buzzards Bay) below the mouth of Beaver Dam Brook. Middleboro sheet. Rocky Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; south of Clew Pond. Ply- mouth sheet. Rocky Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; three-fourths mile east of north end of White Island Pond. Plymouth sheet. Rocky Pond. — Worcester County; 3 miles northwest of Northboro; outlet, a stream about 1 mile long flowing westward and then southeastward into Cold Harbor Brook (tributary through Assabet River to the Concord and thus to the Merrimack). Marlboro sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 397 Rocky Pond.— Worcester County; southeast of Bald Hill; outlet, a stream 1 mile long flowing northeastward into the reservoir at the head of Monoosnoc Brook (tributary through North Branch of Nashua River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack i . Fitchburg sheet. Rocky Run Brook. — Bristol County; town of Rehoboth; rises 1 mile east of Bad Luck Swamp; flows south westward about 6 miles, then northwestward and west- ward 2\ miles into Warren River (tributary to Narragansett Bay). Taunton and Providence sheets. Rogers Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Goshen; rises a mile south of More Hill; flows southeastward 3 miles into Mill Brook (the head of the West Branch of Mill River, tributary through Mill River to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. Root Pond. — Berkshire County; a small pond in the southwestern part of the town of Great Barrington, 1 mile northeast of South Egremont. Sheffield sheet. Rose Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Wareham; a stream about 3 miles long, flowing east of south into Wareham River (tributary to Buzzards Bay) at Ware- ham Center. Plymouth sheet. Round Hole. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; a small pond 1 mile northeast of East Carver; north of Clear Pond; south of Old Colony Railroad line. Ply- mouth sheet. Round Meadow Brook.— Worcester County; town of Mendon; a stream 1\ miles long flowing southeastward into Mill River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Round Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; 2 miles west of Great Pond. Barnstable sheet. Round Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Wellfleet; one of a group of small pond northeast of the village of Wellfleet. W x ellfleet sheet. Round Pond. — Berkshire County; a very small pond in town of Great Barrington; 2\ miles northwest of Van Deusenville. Sheffield sheet. Round Pond. — Essex County; 2\ miles northwest of Manchester; inlets, small streams from Beck and Coys ponds; outlet, a small stream to Chebacco Lake and thus to Essex River; altitude, 60 feet above sea level; length, about one-half mile; maximum width, less than one-fourth mile. Salem sheet. Round Pond. — Essex County; a small pond just north of Haverhill, 1 mile north of Merrimack River; altitude, 160 feet above sea level. Haverhill sheet. Round Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one of a group of small ponds in the west-central part of the township. Plymouth sheet. Rowley River. — Essex County; a tidewater channel flowing from the junction of Bull Brook and Muddy Run, about three-fourths mile east of Rowley, northeast- ward 3 miles through the swamps into Plum Island River (separated from the Atlantic Ocean by Plum Island). Salem sheet. Ruddock Brook. — Franklin County; a stream a mile long flowing southeastward into Clesson Brook (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut) west of Hog Mountain. Hawley sheet. Rudd Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Becket; a mile northwest of Becket Center; outlet, a northward flowing stream (tributary to a stream that enters West Branch of Westfield River which discharges to the Connecticut through Westfield River) at Becket. Becket sheet. Ruggles Creek. — Norfolk County; a stream about H miles long, tidal in its lower half, entering Weymouth Fore River north of Quincy Neck. Abington sheet. Rumpord River. — Norfolk and Bristol counties; rises in Billings Pond in the town of Sharon; flows irregularly southward to Norton Reservoir, then southeastward to its junction with Wading River to form Threemile River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); length, 14 miles; passes through a number of small ponds. Dedham and Taunton sheets. 398 - SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Run Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in a swamp 2 miles south of Maynard at altitude 180 feet above sea level; flows eastward through Willis Pond, then gen- erally southward into Hop Brook (tributary through Wash Brook to Sudbury River and thus through Concord River to the Merrimack); length, 1£ miles. Framingham sheet. Running Gutter Brook. — Hampshire County; rises oh the south slope of Chestnut Hill; flows in general southeasterly 3 miles, then north of east one-half mile into Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut); principal tributary, Broad Brook. Northampton sheet. Runnins River. — Bristol County, Mass., and Providence County, R. I.; rises on the southwest slope of Great Rock in the town of Rehoboth; winds very irregularly southwestward to Seekonk, thence southeastward along the Massachusetts-Rhode Island boundary 3 miles to Harrington River, through which it discharges to Warren River and thus to Narragansett Bay; length, 8 miles. Providence sheet. Run Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Dennis; 1^ miles south of Scargo Lake. Yarmouth sheet. Russell Pc^nd. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston; on Smelt Brook (tributary to Jones River, which discharges into Massachusetts Bay through Kingston Bay) near mouth. Plymouth sheet. Russ Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Prescott; a very small pond lying at the west base of Russ Mountain and discharging by a stream flowing southward and southeastward into the Middle Branch or head of Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Belchertown sheet. Rutland Brook. — Worcester County; rises one mile southwest of Hawes Hill in the town of Barre, and flows northwestward 2 miles and southwestward 1 mile into the East Branch of Swift River (tributary through Swift River to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Sabrina Lake. — Norfolk County; about 1-J miles east of South Natick and one-half mile east of Charles River which is here flowing southward. Framingham sheet. Sachem Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Lanesboro; rises between The Noppet and Potter Mountain; flows west and south 3^ miles, then southeastward one-half mile into the northwestern arm of Pontoosuc Lake; outlet, west branch of Housa- tonic River to Housatonic River; principal tributary, Hollow Brook. Berlin (reprint 1908) and Greylock sheets. Sacker Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 1^ miles southwest of Pepperell, at altitude 310 feet above sea level; flows in a general northerly direction 3 miles into Nissitisset River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack) 1 mile west of North Village. Groton sheet. Sackett Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in the town of Washington, a mile north of Ashley Lake and 2\ miles northwest of Washington Station; flows northwesterly 3 miles, then south of west 2 miles into Housatonic River; principal tributary, Ashley Brook. Water is used for part of municipal supply of city of Pittsfield. Becket sheet. Salisbury Plain River. — Norfolk and Plymouth counties; rises in the swamp northeast of Stoughton; flows southeasterly to a point near East Bridgewater, where it united with Beaver Brook and below which it is called Matfield River. See Matfield River. Called Saulsbury Brook between Brockton reservoir and Brock- ton. Dedham and Abington sheets. Salmon Brook, East Branch. — Hampden County, Mass., Hartford County, Conn.; rises on the eastern slope of South Mountain, in the southeastern part of the town of Granville; flows southeasterly to the southeastern part of Granby in Hartford County, Conn., where it enters Salmon Brook (tributary through Farmington River to the Connecticut.) Only about a mile of the head of this brook is in Massa- chusetts. Granville sheet. gazetteer of streams. 399 Salmon Brook. — Hillsboro County, N. H., and Middlesex County, Mass.; rises on the north slope of Snake Hill, 2 miles northeast of Ayer, at altitude 320 feet above sea level; flows northeastward through Cow Pond Meadows, Cow Pond, and Massa- poag ponds to its junction with Merrimack River near Nashua, N. H.; principal tributaries, Martins Pond Brook; Baddacook Brook, and Black and Jointgrass brooks; called Cow Pond Brook above Massapoag ponds; length from Martins Pond to Merrimack River, about 15 miles; fall in the 8 miles below Lower Massapoag Pond, 60 feet. Groton, Lowell, and Manchester sheets. Salt Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; southwest of the city of Fal- mouth; outlet, a short stream flowing southward into Vineyard Sound. Falmouth sheet. Salt Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; in the marsh one-half mile north of Lookout Point; discharges into the Bay through a short southward flowing stream. Plymouth sheet. Sampson Brook. — Plymouth County; rises in the western part of the town of Ply- mouth; flows southwestward into Weweantic River (tributary to Buzzards Bay) about 2 miles southwest of South Carver; principal tributaries, streams from Fed- eral and Sampson ponds; length, about 7 miles. Plymouth and Middleboro sheets. Sampson Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston; rises in the northeastern part of the township; flows southward into Blackwater Pond on Halls Brook (tributary through Jones River to Kingston Bay, a branch of Massachusetts Bay). Duxbury sheet. Sampson Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Carver; principal inflowing stream, Till- son Brook; outlet, a stream nearly a mile long flowing southeastward into Sampson Brook (tributary through Weweantic River to Buzzards Bay). Plymouth and Middleboro sheets. Sand Brook. — Worcester County; rises about 1 mile southeast of Fitchburg at alti- tude 760 feet above sea level; flows northward into North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack) between Fitchburg and West Fitchburg; length, about 2 miles. Fitchburg sheet. Sanders Brook. — Franklin County; rises in the southeastern corner of Whittington, Windham County, Vt., flows southeastward 3 miles into West Branch of North River (tributary through North River to Deerfield River and thus to the Con- necticut). Haw ley sheet. Sanderson Brook. — Hampden County; rises a mile southwest of Green Hill; flows west of north H miles, then northeastward !£ miles into West Branch of Westfield River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Granville and Chesterfield sheets. Sand Pond. — Barnstable County; one-fourth mile south of North Harwich; outlet, a stream three-fourths mile long flowing southward into Herring River (tributary to Nantucket Sound). Yarmouth sheet. Sandy Brook. — Berkshire County, Mass., Litchfield County, Conn.; rises 2 miles northwest of South Sandisfield; flows southeasterly 12 miles to its junction with Still River (tributary through Farmington River to the Connecticut) near Rob- erts ville, in the town of Colebrook; length above Massachusetts line, about 4 miles. Sandisfield sheet. Sandy Pond. — Middlesex County; one-half mile northwest of Lincoln; no inlets mapped; outlet, Stony Brook to Charles River; altitude about 230 feet above sea level; one-half mile long. Framingham sheet. Sandy Pond.— Middlesex County; 1£ miles east of Ayer; inlet, from Long Pond; outlet through pond south of Ayer to Nonacoicus Brook (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. 400 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Sandy Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-fourth mile east of White Island Pond. Plymouth sheet. Sandy Pond. — Watuppa Basin, Fall River. See Sawdy Pond. Santuit Pond. — Barnstable County; 1 mile north of the village of Cotuit; outlet, Cotuit River to Poponesset Bay, and thus to Nantucket Sound. Barnstable sheet. Sassaquin Pond. — Bristol County; town ot New Bedford; outlet, Pamanset River to Slocums River and thus to Buzzards Bay. New Bedford sheet. Satucket River. — Plymouth County; formed in the town of East Bridgewater by the union ot Poor Meadow Brook and the stream flowing from Robbin Pond, which receives the overflow from Monponset and Stump ponds and the Great Cedar Swamp in the town of Halifax. Poor Meadow Brook, which drains the larger area, is a continuation of Shumatuscacant River, which rises near North Abing- ton and flows southeastward 7 miles to the junction; Poor Meadow Brook then flows west of south 3 J miles to the point at which it receives the stream from Robbin Pond; from this point Satucket River flows northwestward 2\ miles, thence southwestward and southward 2 miles into Matfield River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay ) . The length of Satucket River from the head of Shumatuscacant River to Matfield River is about 15 miles. Abington sheet. Saugus River. — Essex and Middlesex counties; rises in the city of Reading, at altitude 100 feet above sea level; flows south of east 2 miles into Quannapowitt Lake, from which it flows eastward 2 miles into a swamp and then takes a general course southeastward for about 10 miles into Boston Bay at Lynn Harbor; princi- pal tributaries, Beaver Dam, Hawkes, Revere, and Stony brooks; passes through Prank ers Pond; marshy throughout much of its course; Boston, Boston Harbor, and Lawrence sheets. Saulsbury Brook. — See Salisbury Plain River. S avery Pond. — Plymouth County; town oi Plymouth; 1^ miles southwest of Center Hill Point and a mile west of the beach. Plymouth sheet. Sawdy Pond. — Bristol County; south of South Watuppa Pond into which it dis- charges; principal inlet, a. stream from Devol Pond. Fall River sheet. See also Report of the Reservoir Commission to the city council of Fall River, Mass., July, 1902. Called Sandy Pond on the map. Saw Mill Brook. — Hampshire County; rises on the northeast slope of Bald Hill; flows northeastward 1 mile, southeastward 2| miles to West Farms, then east- ward and southeastward 4 miles into Manhan River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Easthampton; drains also the west slope of Saw Mill Hills. Northampton sheet. Saw Mill Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about one-fourth mile north of Punka- tasset Hill, about 2 miles north of Concord, at altitude 160 feet above sea level; flows southeastward about three-fourths mile into Concord Rivgr (tributary to the Merrimack); marshy near its mouth. Framingham sheet. Saw Mill Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Bridgewater; rises about a mile south of the city of Bridgewater; flows in general west of south into Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay) near Titicut; length, 3 milas. Middleboro sheet. Saw Mill River. — Franklin County; towns of Leverett and Montague; rises 1J miles southeast of village of Dudleyville; flows northwestward 9 miles, then southwest- ward 1^ miles into the Connecticut; principal tributary, stream from Lock Pond, and Goddard and Pond brooks. Belchertown, Warwick, and Greenfield sheets. Sawyer Pond. — Franklin County, town of Northfield; north of Mount Hermon; inlet and outlet, Bennett Brook (tributary to Connecticut River). Warwick sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 401 Scantic Brook. — Hampden County; rises in the northern part of the town of Staf- ford, Conn.; flows northwestward 5 miles to Hampden, Mass., then southwesterly and southerly nearly 6 miles to North Somers, Conn., where it joins Whatchaug Brook to form Scantic River (tributary to the Connecticut;; length above the Massachusetts line, about 8 miles; principal tributaries in Massachusetts, Big and West brooks. Palmer sheet. Scargo Lake. — Barnstable County; town of Dennis; west and north of Scargo Hill and one-fourth mile south of Nobscusset Harbor. Yarmouth sheet. Scarlet Brook. — Middlesex County; a stream about a mile long, rising in the swampy area south of Park Pond, 3 miles northwest of Lowell, and flowing southward into Merrimack River. Lowell sheet. Schenob Brook. — Litchfield County, Conn.; Berkshire County, Mass.; rises in Twin Lakes, in the town of Salisbury. Conn. ; flows in general northeasterly to Sheffield, Mass., where it enters Housatonic River; length, about 8 miles, of which nearly 7 miles is north of the Massachusetts-Connecticut boundary line: principal tribu- taries, Dry and Hubbard brooks. The lakes at the head are large and rather irregular in outline, that from which the stream flows being in general long and narrow, except at its southern end, and the other being roughly circular in out- line. Sheffield sheet. Schoolhouse Pond. — Barnstable County; three-fourths m'.le southwest of Brewster; outlet, a stream flowing northwestward through Freemans Pond into Cape Cod Bay. Wellfleet sheet. Scooks Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; a small pond lying one-eighth mile back from the shore about half way between Manomet and Stage points. Plymouth sheet. Scorton Creek. — Barnstable County; a tidal channel in the Great Marshes west of Barnstable Harbor; Barnstable sheet. Scorton Harbor Creek. — Barnstable County; town of Sandwich; a tidal channel in the marsh between East Sandwich station and Scorton Neck; connects with Long Creek. Barnstable sheet. Scott Brook. — Worcester County; flows from Scott Reservoir into Baker Brook (tribu- tary through North Branch of Nashua River to Nashua River, and thus to the Merrimack); length, about 1\ miles. Fitchburg sheet. Scott Reservoir. — AVorcester County; 2\ miles northwest of Fitchburg; outflowing stream, Scott Brook (tributary to Baker Brook and thus, through North Branch of Nashua and Nashua rivers, to the Merrimack). Fitchburg sheet. Scudding Pond. — Bristol County; town of Taunton; 3 miles north of the city of Taunton; inlet. Mill River; outlet. Mill River to Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay). Taunton sheet. Sears Pond. — Barnstable County; south of Foiling Pond on Bass River: connected with Kelleys Bay on Bass River by a short channel. Yarmouth sheet. Second Brook. — Franklin County; town of Buckland; a stream a mile long, flowing east of north into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) about a mile east of the mouth of First Brook. Hawley sheet. Second Brook. — Franklin County; town of Whately; a stream less than a mile long flowing southeastward into Connecticut River. Northampton sheet Second Brook. — Plymouth County: town of Kingston: a stream about three-fourths mile long flowing northwestward into Jones River I mile below month of Furnace Brook. Plymouth sheet. Second Herring Brook. — Plymouth County: rises on the south slope of Mount Bluet in Bhuk Pond Swamp; flows southeastward into North River in the town of Nor- well: length, 3 miles. Abington sheet. 4096G - -wsp 41.')— 1 6 26 402 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Second Pond. — Hampden County; town of Ludlow; southeast of Ludlow City; out- let, a stream flowing north and west into Stony Brook (tributary to the Con- necticut); very small. Palmer sheet. Seekonk Brook.— Berkshire County; rises near West Stockbridge Center; flows south- westerly 2\ miles, then somewhat east of south 6 miles to the southwestern part of the town of Great Barrington, where it joins Green River (tributary to the Housatonic). Pittsfield and Sheffield sheets. Segreganset River. — Bristol County; town of Dighton; rises about 2 miles east of North Rehoboth; flows southeastward 7 miles to its junction with Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay) north of Dighton; principal tributary, Sunken Brook. Taunton sheet. Sengekontacket Pond. — Dukes County ; Marthas Vineyard; a tidal pond paralleling Vineyard Sound between Cottage City and Edgartown; separated from the sound by a narrow beach. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Sesachacha Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; east shore; a large pond south of Quidnet village; separated from the ocean by a narrow beach. Nan- tucket sheet. Sessions Brook. — Worcester and Hampden counties; rises in the town of Warren; flows southward 2\ miles into East Brook (tributary through Mill Brook to Quine- i baug River and thus through Shetucket River to Thames River and Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Sesuit Creek.— Barnstable County; town of Dennis; a channel in the tidal marsh west of East Dennis. Yarmouth and Wellfleet sheets. Sevenmile River. — Norfolk and Bristol counties; rises in the town of Wrentham, Norfolk County; flows southeastward 4 miles, thence in general west of south 6 miles to its junction with Tenmile River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay) near Lebanon Mills; principal tributary, Fourmile Brook. Providence sheet. Sevenmile River. — Worcester County; considered the head of Quaboag River, q. v. Sewell Pond. — Worcester County; town of Boylston; a small pond near the head of Quinsigamond River (tributary through Blackstone River to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay), which flows through it to Newton Pond. Marlboro sheet. Seymour Brook. — Hampden County; rises in the southern part of the town of Gran- ville; flows southeastward to the west base of South Mountain, then northeast- ward to its junction with Dickinson Brook (the head of Munn Brook, which is tributary through Westfield Little River to Westfield River and thus to the Connecticut); length, 2 miles. Granville sheet. Seymour Pond.— Barnstable County; west of Long Pond and north of Hinckleys Pond; altitude, about 20 feet above sea level; one-half mile long. Yarmouth sheet. Shaker Brook. — Berkshire County; a stream \\ miles long, rising in the southeastern part of the town of Hancock and flowing southeastward into Housatonic Branch (tributary through west branch of the Housatonic to the Housatonic) just below the outlet of Richmond Pond. Pittsfield sheet. Shaker Mill Pond. — Berkshire County; northern part of the town of West Stock- bridge; principal inflowing streams, Cone Brook, Griffin Brook, and Flat Brook; outlet, Williams River to Housatonic River. Pittsfield sheet. Shallow Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; east of the north half of Great Pond , from which it is separated on the west by a narrow ridge . Barnstable sheet. Shallow Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; one of a group of ponds lying northwest of East Falmouth. Falmouth sheet. Shallow Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; \\ miles south of the east end of Beaver Dam Pond. Plymouth sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 403 Shank Painted Pond.— Barnstable County; in the marsh one-half mile west of Province town. Provincetown sheet. Shatterack Brook. — -Hampden County; rises in Shatterack Pond, in the town of Montgomery; flows southwestward 2 miles into Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Granville sheet. Shatterack Pond. — Hampden County; 1 mile west of Montgomery; outlet, Shat- terack Brook to Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Granville sheet. Shattlck Brook. — Windham County, Vt., Franklin County, Mass.; rises in the south-central pari of the town of Guilford. Vt.; flows southeasterly 3 miles to Beaver Meadow in the town of Leyden, Mass., then somewhat south of east 2 miles to North Bernardston, where it joins Falls River (tributary to the Con- necticut). Brattleboro and Greenfield sheets. Shattuck Brook. — Worcester County: head of East Branch of Swift River. See Swift River. Shaving Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Middleboro; a stream about a mile long flowing west of south into Fall Brook (tributary through Namasket River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. Shaw Brook. — Worcester County; rises in Shaw Pond in the town of Leicester; flows northwestward H miles, then westward 1 mile to Wire Village, where it enters Turkey Hill Brook (tributary through Sevenmile River to East Brookfield River and thus through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and the Connecticut). Wor- cester sheet. Shaw Pond. — Berkshire County; 2 miles northwest of North Otis; two inflowing streams: outlet, a stream three-fourths mile long flowing southeastward into Farmington River (tributary to the Connecticut); about a mile long and one- eighth mile wide. Becket and Sandisfield sheets. Shaw Pond. — Worcester County; town of Leicester; outlet, Shaw Brook to Turkey Hill Brook (tributary through Sevenmile River to East Brookfield River and thus through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and the Connecticut). Worces- ter sheet. Shawsheen River. — Middlesex and Essex counties; rises 1 mile west of Lexington, at altitude 180 feet above sea level; flows generally northward about 4 miles, then northeastward about 18 miles into Merrimack River at North Andover; near Lowell Junction passes through a pond, unnamed on the map, on the south slope of Pole Hill; marshy through most of its course; principal tributaries, Kiln, Elm, Vine, Spring, Webb. Wright, Content. Heath, and Sfcrongwater brooks. Framingham. Lowell, and Lawrence sheets. Shaws Pond. — Hampden County; a small pond 1 mile northwest of Ludlow and north of Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut). Palmer sheet. Sheep Pond. — Barnstable County; near South Brewster; one-half mile north of Long Pond. Yarmouth sheet. Shepards Brook. — Norfolk County; rises about 2 miles northeast of Franklin, at altitude 220 feet above sea level; flows northwestward 2£ miles into < 'harles River. Franklin sheet. Shepards Pond. — Norfolk County: 3 miles northeast of North Attleboro; principal inflowing stream drains the northeastern part of the town of Wrentham; outlet, a stream three-fourths mile long flowing east wind to Wading River (head of Threemile River, which is tributary through Tauton River to Narragansett Bay). Franklin sheet. Shepardville Reservoir. — Norfolk County: a large pond aboul 11 miles north of North Attleboro; two inflowing streams; natural out lot via Shepards pond. Franklin sheet. 404 SUEFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Shepherd Brook. — Franklin County; town of Buckland; a stream 1| miles long flowing southeastward along the east base of Hog Mountain into Clesson Brook (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Hawley sheet. Shingle Brook. — Franklin County; rises on the east slope of Brimstone Hill; flows west of south 3 miles into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. Shingle Island River. See Westport River, of which it is the head. Shingle Swamp Brook. — Franklin County; rises 1\ miles southwest of Eagleville; flows northeastward 3 miles into Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut). Warwick sheet. Ship Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1 mile northwest of Center Hill Point; separated from Cape Cod Bay by a sand bar. Plymouth sheet. Shirley Reservoir. — Worcester and Middlesex counties; 1% miles northwest of Shirley Village; through Catacoonamug Brook receives the waters of Uncheche- whatong, Dead, and Massapoag ponds; outflowing stream passes through several small ponds and discharges into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack) one- half mile east of Shirley Village, Middlesex County; altitude about 320 feet above sea level; altitude of outflowing stream at entrance to Nashua River about 220 feet above sea level. Groton sheet. Shivericks Pond. — Barnstable County; near the city of Falmouth; small. Falmouth sheet. Shorts Brook. Plymouth County,. town of Middleboro. See Fall Brook. Shubael Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; 2 miles west of Great Pond. Barnstable sheet. Shumatuscacant River. See Satucket River. Sibley Reservoir. — Worcester County; 1 mile north of the village of Sutton; outlet, a stream flowing eastward into Cold Spring Brook (tributary through Blackstone River to Seekonk. River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay). Webster sheet. Silver Brook.— Berkshire County; town of Sandisfield; rises northwest of Cowles Hill; flows southeasterly 4 miles, then northeasterly 1 mile to West New Boston, where it joins Clam River (tributary through Farmington River to the Connecti- cut). Sandisfield sheet. Silver Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Hanover; a stream about 1| miles long flowing northeastward and entering Third Herring Brook (tributary to North River) 2 miles below Jacob Pond. Abington sheet. Silver Brook.— Worcester County; rises 1 mile north of Ridge Hill; flows northward 2 miles into East Branch of Swift River (tributary through Swift River to Ware River arid thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Silver Lake. — -Berkshire County; in Pittsfield; outlet, a very short stream flowing- southward into Housatonic River. Becket sheet. Silver Lake.— Middlesex County; a small pond 1 mile west of Wilmington Center, a short distance west of Lubber Brook (tributary to Ipswich River); altitude about 90 feet above sea level. Lawrence sheet. Silver Lake. — Plymouth County; inlet, Tubbs Meadow Brook (considered head of Jones River); natural outlet, Jones River to Kingston Bay; lake is about 2 miles long by one-half mile wide, and is used as a source of municipal supply for the city of Brockton. Abington sheet. Silver Lake.— Worcester County; town of Grafton; inlet, Miscoe Brook (head of West River); outlet, West River to Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk 1 River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Simmons Ponds. — Barnstable County; town of Dennis; two small ponds 1^ miles southeast of Scargo Hill. Yarmouth sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 405 Simon Pond. — Berkshire County; extreme southeastern part of the town of Sandis- field; two small inflowing streams; outlet, a stream 1£ miles long flowing north and east into the head of Farmington River (tributary to the Connecticut). Sandisfield sheet. Singletary Brook.— Worcester County; rises 1 mile north of West Sutton; flows northeastward through Singletary Pond into Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay) at Millbury; about 5 miles long. Webster sheet. Singletary Pond. — Worcester County; a mile northwest of Sutton; inlet and outlet, Singletary Brook (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk River to Providence River and Narragansett Bay); 1£ miles long; one-half mile wide. Webster sheet. Sinking Pond.— Middlesex County; a very small pond about one-half mile west of Westvale; one-fourth mile west of Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); altitude 160 feet above sea level. Framingham sheet. Sippicon River, East Branch.— Plymouth County; rises 1 mile northeast of South Middleboro; flows southeastward 2\ miles, southward 3 miles, then southwest- ward H miles to the head of Leonards Pond, where it unites with West Branch to form Sippicon River (tributary through Weweantic River to Buzzards Bay). Middleboro sheet. Sippicon River. — Plymouth County; formed in the town of Rochester by the union of the east and west branches. The West Branch, which drains the larger area, and is therefore considered the continuation of the river, rises one-half mile southwest of South Middleboro and flows southeasterly to Leonards Pond, where it receives the East Branch; passing through Leonards Pond the river flows east of south about 2 miles, then very irregularly eastward to its junction with Wewean- tic River (tributary to Buzzards Bay); length to head of West Branch, 10 miles; principal tributaries below East Branch, Doggetts Brook, and Hammond Brook. Middleboro and New Bedford sheets. Sippicon River, West Branch. See Sippicon River. Sip Pond Brook. — Cheshire County, N. H., and Worcester County, Mass.; a stream 3 miles in length flowing in a general southerly direction from Sip Pond in the town of Fitzwilliam, N. H., to Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut) 2 miles west of Winchendon; principal tributaries, a stream one-half mile long from the mill ponds near State Line, N. H., and a stream 3 miles long from Robbins Pond (in the town of Rindge, N. H. ). Winchendon sheet. Skinequit Pond. — -Barnstable County; at South Harwich. Yarmouth sheet. Skug River. —Essex and Middlesex counties; rises in a swamp on the south slope of Holts or Prospect Hill, about 1£ miles southeast of Andover, at altitude 180 feet above sea level; flows southward 3£ miles, then westward through a swamp for 1£ miles into Martins Pond (head of Martins Brook, which is tributary to Ipswich River). Lawrence sheet. Slab Brook. — Hampden County; name is applied to two brooks, both tributary to Great Brook (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut) within a mile. The longer of these streams rises 1£ miles northwest of South wick Hill; the head of the other is half a mile north of Round Hill; both streams flow easterly; the longer is about 2\ miles long and the shorter less than 2 miles. Granville and Springfield sheets. Slaters Reservoir. — Worcester County; town of Charlton; on Little River (tributary through French River to Quinebaug River and thus through Shetuckot and Thames Rivers to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Slocum Brook. — Hampden County; rises in Cranberry Pond, in the southeastern part of the town of Tolland; flows southwesterly 4 miles to its junction with the Farmington River (tributary to the Connecticut) in the northeastern part of Colebrook-, Conn. Sandisfield sheet, 406 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Slocums River.— Bristol County; town of Dartmouth; an arm of Buzzards Bay between Slocums Neck and Smiths Neck; principal tributary, Pamanset River; tidal. New Bedford sheet. Slough Bond.— Barnstable County; town of Wellfleet; one of a group of ponds north- east of Wellfleet village; outlet, through Herring Pond and Herring River to Wellfleet Harbor, Cape Cod Bay. Wellfleet sheet. Sluice Brook.— Franklin County; town of Shelburne; rises on The Patten 1 mile northeast of Bald Mountain; flows southward 3 miles into Deerfield River (tribu- tary to the Connecticut), 2 miles below Shelburne Falls. Greenfield sheet. Small Brook.— Hampden County; rises in a small pond 1 mile north of McCarthy Hill; flows northwestward 1 mile, then northward 1 mile into the South Branch of Mill River (tributary through Mill River to the Connecticut). Springfield sheet. Small Pond.— Barnstable County; 2-J miles north of Hyannis; west of south end of Israels Pond. Barnstable sheet. Smead Brook. — Franklin County; a stream 2 miles long flowing eastward into Green River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut) at Greenfield. Greenfield sheet. Smelt Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston; rises in Little Smelt Pond; flows northwestward into Smelt Pond, then in general northeastward into Jones River (tributary through Kingston Bay to Massachusetts Bay) one-half mile above its mouth; length, 2\ miles. Plymouth sheet. Smelt Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Kingston; inlet from Little Smelt Pond; outlet, Smelt Brook to Jones River (tributary through Kingston Bay to Massa- chusetts Bay). Plymouth sheet. Smith Brook. — Berkshire County; rises on Tower Mountain in the town of Hancock, and flows southeastward 4 miles into Housatonic Branch (tributary through west branch of Housatonic River to the Housatonic) one-half mile northeast of Lower Barkerville. Pittsfield sheet. Smith Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Florida; a stream about \\ miles long, flowing southeastward into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) in the northeastern part of the town. Hawley sheet. Smith Brook. — Worcester County; town of Barre; a stream \\ miles long flowing southeastward into Prince River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Snake Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Sandwich; one-half mile west of Forest Dale. Falmouth sheet. Snipatuit Pond. — Plymouth County; 1^ miles southeast of Great Quittacas pond; outlet, Mattapoisett River to Buzzards Bay; a large pond containing several small islands. Middleboro sheet. Snows Pond. — Barnstable County; a small pond 2 miles north of the village of Well- fleet. Wellfleet sheet. Snows Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Rochester; three-fourths mile southeast of the southern end of Snipatuit Pond. Middleboro sheet. Sodden Brook. — Hampshire County; rises on the east slope of Red Oak Hill; flows northeastward 3 miles, then eastward three-fourths mile into North Branch of Manhan River (tributary through Manhan River to the Connecticut). Chester- field sheet. Solomon Pond. — Worcester County; a small pond 2 miles northeast of Northboro, one- half mile west of Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merri- mack). Marlboro sheet. Sought For Pond. — Middlesex County; 2 miles northwest of Westford station; out- let, Spaulding Brook to Keyes Pond and thus through Keyes Brook and Stony Brook to the Merrimack; altitude, about 200 feet above sea level; length, about three-fourths mile; maximum width, one-half mile. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 407 Souhegan River.— Rises in the northern part of Worcester County, Mass., in Stodge- meadow Pond, on the north slope of Mount Hunger, at altitude 1,110 feet above sea level; flows in a general northeasterly direction to Wilton, N. H., where it is joined by Stony Brook, then eastward to its junction with Merrimack River at Merrimack, N. H., length, about 30 miles. Only a small part of the area drained by Souhegan River lies in Massachusetts.. The fall of the stream is very large and its bed and banks are rocky. It affords numerous power sites. Mean annual precipitation in this basin, about 42 inches; average depth of snowfall in January and February, about 18 inches. Gaging station'at Merrimack, N. H., 1909-1915. Fitchburg and Peterboro sheets. South Branch. See significant name. South Brook. — Berkshire County; rises between North Mountain and Weston Moun- tain, in the town of Dalton; flows east of north 1\ miles, then northwestward 2 miles to Cheshire, where it enters Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson). Grey- lock sheet. South Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Bridgewater; rises just west of the city of Bridgewater; flows southeastward 1 mile, irregularly northeastward 2 miles, then west of north 1 mile into Town River (tributary through Matfield to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. South Gardner Reservoir. — Worcester County; town of Gardner; about 2 miles southeast of the city of Gardner; overflow passes northward to a pond on Pew Brook (tributary through Foster Brook to Otter River and thus through Millers River to the Connecticut). Fitchburg sheet. South Meadow Brook. — Plymouth County; head of We wean tic River (tributary to Buzzards Bay). See Weweantic River. South Meadow Brook. — Worcester County; town of Shrewsbury; rises northwest of the village of South Shrewsbury; flows southwestward and southward into Lake Quinsigamond (outlet, Quinsigamond River to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence Rivers to Narragansett Bay); length, 2\ miles. Marl- boro sheet. South Pond. — Berkshire County; town of Florida; one-half mile southeast of North Pond; outlet, Gulf Brook to Cold River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Greylock sheet. South Pond. — Essex County; 1\ miles west of Methuen, about one-half mile south of the Massachusetts-New Hampshire boundary line, at altitude 160 feet above sea level; outlet, a stream about one-half mile long flowing northeastward into a much larger stream (tributary through Spi'ckett River to the Merrimack); length, about one-half mile; width, about one-fourth mile. Lawrence sheet. South River. — Franklin County ; towns of Ashfield and Conway; rises on the north slope of Peter Hill; flows southeastward 2 miles, passing through Great Pond, thence very circuitously eastward to its junction with Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut); length, 14 miles. Hawley and Greenfield sheets. South River. — Plymouth County; rises in the town of Duxbury near Little Creek Pond; flows northwestward 4 miles, then northeastward 5 miles, and enters Massa- chusetts Bay at the mouth of North River. Duxbury sheet. South wick Creek. — Berkshire County; town of Adams; a stream 2 miles long flowing westwardly into Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson) near Renfrew. Grey- lock sheet. Spaulding Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Sought For Pond, about 2 miles north- west of Westford station (Stony Brook Railroad); flows northwest one-fourth mile, southwest about one-half mile, then southeast one-half mile into Keyes Pond; outlet, through Keyes Brook to Stony Brook and thus to the Merrimack. Lowell sheet. 408 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Spectacle Pond. — Barnstable County; one of a group of ponds north of the village of Farmersville. Barnstable sheet. Spectacle Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Falmouth; 1^ miles northwest of East Falmouth. Falmouth sheet. Spectacle Pond. —Berkshire County; 2 miles southwest of village of Otis; a pond about a mile long; elevation, 1,420 feet above sea level; principal inlet, a stream about 3 miles long entering from the north; outlet through a stream one-half mile long to Clam River (tributary through Farmington River to the Connecti- cut). Sandisfield sheet. Spectacle Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Wilbraham; west of North Wilbra- ham and one-half mile south of Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut); about one-tenth mile from Nine Mile Pond. Palmer sheet. Spectacle Pond. — Middlesex County, near North Littleton station; inlet, Bennett Brook; outlet, Bennett Brook to Forge Pond (tributary through Stony Brook to the Merrimack); about 1 mile. long. Groton sheet. Spectacle Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Wareham; 1^ miles north of Onset; dis- charges by a short stream flowing northward into Agawam River (tributary through Wareham River to Buzzards Bay); inlet, a stream from Cedar Pond. Plymouth sheet. Spectacle Pond. — Franklin County; town of New Salem; two ponds connected by a short northward-flowing stream and discharging from the northern pond by a stream flowing northward to Millers River and thus to the Connecticut); inlet to the north pond, a stream about a mile long flowing north from Hacker Pond. Warwick sheet. Spectacle Pond. — Worcester County; a pond about one-fourth mile wide, which dis- charges by a stream a mile long flowing southeastward and then southwestward into North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Mer- rimack); inlet from Little Spectacle Pond. Groton sheet. Spencer Brook.- — Middlesex County; rises one-half mile west of Carlisle, at altitude 180 feet above sea level, flows generally southward 5 miles into Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack) ; swampy through a large part of its course. Lowell and Framingham sheets. Spickett River.- — Rockingham County, N. H., Essex County, Mass.; rises in the town of Derry, Rockingham County, N. H., about 3 miles northeast of East Derry, at altitude about 365 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 4 miles into Island Pond, then takes an irregular course southward 9^ miles, crosses into Essex County, Mass., and continues southeastward for 5 miles to Merrimack River at Lawrence; principal tributaries in Massachusetts, streams from South and Mystic ponds. Haverhill and Lawrence sheets. Spofpords Pond. — Essex County; head of Pye Brook, 2 miles southeast of West Boxford; altitude, about 120 feet above sea level; outlet, Pye Brook (tributary through Mile Brook to Ipswich River); small. Lawrence sheet. Spooner Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1 mile west of High Cliff; discharges by a stream one-fourth mile long, flowing northward into Plymouth Bay. Plymouth sheet. Spot Pond. — Middlesex County; about a mile west of Melrose; length, about a mile; maximum width, about one-half mile; part of the reservoir system of the metro- politan water district of Boston and vicinity. Boston sheet. Spring Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in Fawn Lake near Billerica Springs station about 1| miles north of Bedford, at altitude about 180 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 1| miles into Shawsheen River (tributary to the Merrimack) 1 mile east of Bedford; marshy near mouth; fall about 60 feet. Lowell and Fram- ingham sheets. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 409 Spring Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Bridgewater; a stream H miles long flowing southeastward into Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay), about 1£ miles southwest of the mouth of Wenatuxet River; tributary, Beaver Brook. Middleboro sheet. Spring Brook.— Worcester County; town of Mendon; rises a mile south of the village of Mendon, flows southward one mile, and eastward 1£ miles into Muddy Brook (tributary through Mill River to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Blackstone sheet. Spring Creek. — Barnstable County; a tidal channel in the Great Marshes west of Barnstable Harbor; connects with Bridge Creek. Barnstable sheet. Spring Hill Creek. — Barnstable County; town of Sandwich; a tidal channel in the marsh east of Sandwich; connects with Old Harbor Creek. Barnstable sheet. Spring Pond. — Essex County; about one-half mile north of Lynn; outlet, Tapley Brook (tributary to North River and thus to the Atlantic Ocean); altitude, about 80 feet above sea level; length, about one-half mile; maximum width, about one- fourth mile. Boston Harbor sheet. Springy Pond. — Middlesex County; 2 J miles southeast of Groton, immediately south of Knop Pond (tributary through Cow Pond and Cow Pond Brook to Salmon Brook and thus to the Merrimack), with which it is connected by a very small stream. Groton sheet. Spurr Lake. — Berkshire County; western part of the town of Sheffield ; outlet, a stream a mile long flowing southeastward into Willard Brook (tributary through Hubbard Brook to Schenob Brook and thus to the Housatonic). Sheffield sheet. Spy Pond. — Middlesex County; at Arlington and about a mile west of Somerville; length, about one-half mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile; natural outlet, a small stream to Little Pond and thus through Little River to Alewife Brook (tributary to Mystic River), formerly part of the reservoir system of Boston and vicinity. Boston sheet. Squam Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; a narrow pond a mile northwest of the village of Quidnet; separated from the ocean by a narrow beach. Nan- tucket sheet. Squam River. — Essex County; a tidewater channel about 3 miles long between Glou- cester Harbor and Annisquam Harbor; Little, Jones, and Mill rivers are tidewater channels tributary to Squam River, the two latter joining Squam River at its mouth. Gloucester sheet. Squannacook River. — Middlesex County; rises in the northern part of the county in Ash Swamp, which receives the waters of Mason and Walker brooks draining the southern part of the town of Mason, N. H., and Locke and Willard brooks of the town of Ashby, Mass.; from Ash Swamp the Squannacook flows southeastward about 12 miles to its junction with Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack) 2 miles southeast of West Groton; fall from Ash Swamp to Nashua River, about 100 feet; principal tributaries below the swamp, Pearl Hill, Baberry Hill, Witch, Trout, and Pumpkin brooks, all from the west. Fitchburg and Groton sheets. Squibnocket Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; Gayhead; a large pond sepa- rated from the ocean by Squibnocket Beach on the west and a narrow-walled beach on the east. The pond is about 1£ miles long (east- west) and more than a mile in maximum width. Gayhead sheet. Staceys Brook. — Essex County; rises in Glenmere Lake and flows generally south- eastward 2 miles through the city of Lynn into Nahant Bay. Geologic map of Essex County, Mass. Stafford Pond. — Newport County, R. I.; outlet, Sucker Brook to North Watuppa Pond (outlet through Quequechan River to Taunton River, and thus to Narra- gansett Bay). A dam and flume at the outlet of the pond provide means for holding back the flow for use in mills at Fall River. Report of the reservoir commission to the city council of Fall River, Mass., July, 1902. Fall River sheet. 410 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Steel Brook. — Franklin County; a stream about 2 miles long flowing east of south into Peiham Brook (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut) one- half mile north of Zoar. Hawley sheet. Steep Brook. — Bristol County; town of Fall River; a stream about 1^ miles long flowing westward into Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay) at Steep Brook village. Fall River sheet. Steep Gutter Brook. — Worcester County; rises near Williamsville, in the town of Hubbardston; flows southeastward 2\ miles, then northeastward one-half mile into Burnshirt River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Stetson Pond. — Plymouth County; 1 mile north of the east end of Monponset Pond, to which it discharges by a southward-flowing stream. Abington sheet. Steven Brook. — Hampshire County; rises \\ miles northwest of Worthington Cor- ners; flows southeastward \\ miles, then northeastward one-half mile into Bron- son Brook, the head of West Branch (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. Steven Brook. — Worcester County; rises \\ miles south of Barre Fails; flows south- eastward one-half mile, then northeastward 1 mile into the swamp on Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) southeast of Barre Falls. Barre sheet. Stevens Brook. — Hampden County; town of Holland; rises in the extreme north- eastern part of the town of Stafford, Conn.; flows northeastward about 2 miles, then somewhat north of east 2 miles into Hamilton Reservoir (outlet through Holland Pond to Mill Brook, and thus through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River, Thames River, and Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Stevens Pond. — Essex County; a small pond at Lawrence; inlet, Spickett River; outlet, Spickett River to the Merrimack. Lawrence sheet. Stewards Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Barnstable; , a mile north of the west end of Great Pond. Barnstable sheet. Stiles Pond. — Essex County; about 3 miles east of North Andover Center; outlet, a stream about a mile iong to Mosquito River (tributary to Ipswich River) ; alti- tude, about 120 feet above sea level; length, about one-half mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile. Lawrence sheet. Stiles Reservoir. — Worcester County; town of Spencer; outlet, a stream about a mile long flowing southeastward into Greenville Reservoir on French River (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River, and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). The reservoir is about 2 miles long and • more than half a mile wide. Webster sheet. Still Brook — Hampden County; town of Agawam; rises in the northwestern part of the township; flows southeastward 3| miles, then passes into Connecticut and joins Muddy Brook (tributary through Stony Brook to the Connecticut) in the town of Suflield, Hartford County. Springfield and Hartford sheets. Still River.— Worcester County; about a mile east of Lancaster, at altitude about 240 feet above sea level; flows northeastward 2 miles, then northwestward one- fourth mile into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack). Marlboro sheet. Stillwater River. — Worcester County; rises in a small lake at East Princeton, at altitude 750 feet above sea level; takes a general southeasterly course to Wachu- sett Reservoir near Oakdale; principal tributaries, Keyes Brook, which flows into the lake at its head, and Justice, East Wachusett, and Rocky brooks. Stillwater River. — Worcester County; a stream about 2 miles long flowing from West Waushaccum Pond into Wachusett Reservoir. Worcester sheet. Stirrup Brook. — Rises about 1 mile northwest of Westboro; flows irregularly north- ward, passing through Chauncey, Little Chauncey, and Bartlett ponds, and dis- charges into Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack) about 2 miles northeast of Northboro; length, 5 miles. Marlboro sheet. (JAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 411 Stockbridge Bowl.— Berkshire County; a large pond in the northern part of the town of Stockbridge; northwest of Rattlesnake Hill; two inflowing streams, one of which is considered the head of Marsh Brook; outlet, Marsh Brook to Housa- tonic River. The bowl is more than a mile long, and its maximum width is about three-fourths mile. Pittsfield sheet. Stoddard Pond. — Worcester County; 2 miles southwest of Winchendon Center; two small inflowing streams; outlet, a stream 1£ miles long flowing westward into Otter River (tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut). Win- chendon sheet. Stodge Meadow Pond. — Worcester County; north slope of Mount Hunger, at alti- tude about 1,110 feet above sea level; inlet, Whitemans Brook; outlet, Souhegan River (tributary to Merrimack River); about three-fourths mile long; area, 127 acres. Fitchburg sheet. Stone Brook. — Worcester County; town of Millbury; rises on the southwest slope of Grass Hill; flows northeastward into Ramshorn Brook (tributary through Kettle Brook to Blackstone River, and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay) near Pondville; length, about 2 miles. Webster sheet. Stones Brook. — Franklin and Hampshire counties; rises in the town of Ashfield; flows in general west of south 4 miles, then almost west 1 mile to its junction with Swift River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Hawley and Chesterfield sheets. Stoneville Reservoir. — Worcester County; town of Auburn; 1 mile southwest of Stoneville; inlet, Dark Brook; outlet, Dark Brook to Kettle Brook (tributary to Blackstone River, and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narra- gansett Bay). Webster sheet. Stony Brook. — Hampshire County; rises on Bagg Hill, in the town of Granby; flows southwestward 3^ miles, thence in general northwestward to its junction with Connecticut, River, 1^ miles west of South Hadley; length, about 10 miles; apparently called Muddy Brook for a short stretch of its middle course Palmer, Springfield, and Northampton sheets. Stony Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 1 mile southwest of Boxboro, at altitude about 330 feet above sea level; flows northeastward to its junction with Merrimack River at North Chelmsford; passes through Mill and Forge ponds. Above Forge Pond it is called Beaver Brook; length from head of Beaver Brook to Forge Pond, 9 miles; from outlet of Forge Pond to Merrimack River, 8 miles; principal tributaries below Forge Pond are Keyes Brook and Gilson Brook. The basin contains a number of ponds, of which Newfield, Nabnasset, Flushing, Sought For, Keyes, Forge, Mill, and Spectacle are the largest. Marlboro. Groton, and Lowell sheets. Stony Brook.— Middlesex County; rises in Sandy Pond, one-half mile northwest of Lincoln, at altitude about 230 feet above sea level; flows in a general south- easterly course into Charles River in the town of W T eston; length, about 7 miles; principal tributaries, Cherry and Hobbs Brooks. Framingham sheet. Stony Brook. — Plymouth County; a stream about a mile long, flowing southeastward and entering North River 1£ miles below Second Herring Brook. Abington sheet. Stony Brook.— Plymouth County; town of Carver; head of Wenatuxet River (tribu- tary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); a westward flowing stream about 2\ miles long, joining Wenatuxet River near the village of North Carver. Middleboro sheet. Stony Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Middleboro; a stream about a mile long flowing southward into Furnace Pond on Fall Brook (tributary through Namasket River to Taunton River and thuse to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. 412 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Stony Brook.— Suffolk County; rises near East Dedham, in the Stony Brook Reserva- tion; flows in general east of north to Jamaica Plain, where it is taken into the sewers. Boston sheet. Stop River.— Norfolk County; rises about 1J miles northwest of Wrentham, at altitude 220 feet above sea level; flows northeastward to a point about a mile south of Highland, then irregularly northward to its junction with Charles River; length, about 10 miles; passes through Reservoir Marsh Pond. Franklin sheet. Stream River.— Plymouth County; towns of Abington and Whitman; rises 1J miles northwest of Whitman; flows northwestward nearly a mile, northeastward one- half mile, then southeastward 2 miles into Shumatuscacant River (head of Sa- tucket River, which is tributary through Matfield River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Abington sheet. Strongs Pond. — Suffolk and Middlesex Counties; one-half mile northwest of Chestnut Hill Reservoir; one inlet; outlet eastward to Chandler Pond, which is drained by a stream flowing northward into Charles River. Boston sheet. Strongwater Brook. — Middlesex County; rises just northeast of North Tewksbury, about 2\ miles east of Lowell, at altitude 180 feet above sea level; flows south- eastward about 2 miles, southward 1^ miles, and again southeastward 1 mile into Shawsheen River (tributary to the Merrimack) about 2 miles southeast of Tewks- bury Center. Lawrence sheet. Stump Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Halifax; a long narrow pond in the south- ern part of Great Cedar Swamp; connected with a narrow channel by Monponset • Pond; outlet, a stream a mile long flowing north of west to Robbin Pond, which discharges to Satucket River (tributary through Matfield River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Abington and Middleboro sheets. Sucker Brook. — Bristol County, Mass., and Newport County, R. I.; rises in Stafford Pond in Newport County, R. I.; flows west of north 1 mile and northeastward \\ miles into South Watuppa Pond; outlet through Queque.chan River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay. Fall River sheet. See also Report of the Reservoir Commission to the city council of Fall River, Mass., July, 1902. Sucker Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the southeast slope of Fort Hill; flows soutwestward 2 miles, then southeastward 1 mile into Lake Chaubunagungamaug outlet, Mill Brook to French River (tributary through Quinebaug River to She- tucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Webster sheet. Sucker Brook. — Worcester County; town of New Braintree; the head of Mill Brook (tributary through Wickaboag Pond to Quaboag River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut); length of the stretch called Sucker Brook, about 4 miles. Barre sheet. Sucker Brook. — Worcester County; town of West Brookfield; rises on the north slope of Wigwam Hill; flows southwestward 2 miles into Mill Brook just above the point at which that stream discharges into Wickaboag Pond (outlet Quaboag River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Sucker Pond. — Middlesex County; a small pond a mile north of South Framingham and one-half mile east of Sudbury River; outlet, a stream three-fourths mile long flowing southwestward into Sudbury River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); altitude, about 170 feet above sea level; Framingham sheet. Sudbury Pond. — Middlesex County; in the town of Saxonville; inlet, Sudbury River to Concord River and thus to the Merrimack); altitude, about 150 feet above sea level. Framingham sheet. Sudbury River. — Middlesex County; a small stream of eastern Massachusetts; formerly received water from an area west of Framingham but is now fed chiefly by streams that enter it north and east of Framingham. Drainage area now 17.58 GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 413 square miles. It flows thence in a northerly course through meadows and swamps and joins Assabet River to form Concord River, which in turn continues north- ward and enters Merrimack River immediately below the city of Lowell. Storage reservoirs have been constructed by the city of Boston and the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board, controlling the greater part of the flow from this basin. Lake Cochituate lies in the Sudbury basin a short distance below Framing- ham. It is controlled as a storage reservoir by the Metropolitan Water Works. See also pages 295-298 of this report. Sugarloaf Brook. — Franklin County; rises on the west slope of North Sugarloaf; flows sout west ward three-fourths mile, then southeastward 2 miles into Connec- ticut River. Northampton sheet. Sunk Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Enfield; rises about 2 miles east of the city of Enfield; flows northwestward 2 miles through Sunk Pond into Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Belchertown sheet. Sunken Brook. — Bristol County; town of Dighton; rises 1 mile west of North Digh- ton; flows southeastward into Segreganset River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); 2\ miles long. Taunton sheet. Sunk Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Enfield; south of Mount Lizzie on Sunk Brook (tributary through Swift River to Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut) ; very small. Belchertown sheet. Sunk Pond. — Worcester County; town of Dana; 1^ miles northwest of Pottapaug Hill; outlet, a stream about 2 miles long flowing northwestward into the Middle Branch or head of Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Belchertown sheet. Suxtaug Lake. — Middlesex County; 2^ miles east of Wakefield; no inlet shown on the map; outlet, a stream 3 \ miles long flowing northward into Ipswich River; altitude about 80 feet above sea level; length, one-half mile; maximum width, about one-half mile. Lawrence sheet. Swamp Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Pembroke; rises north of the village of Pembroke and flows northward about 2 miles into Herring Brook (tributary to North River). Abington sheet. Swamp Pond. — Middlesex County; a small pond near the head of Pines River just north of Maiden; inlet, Pines River; outlet, Pines River to Saugus River and thus to Boston Bay; altitude, about 100 feet above sea level; very small. Boston sheet. Swan Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Dennis; 1 mile north of Dennis Port; outlet, Swan River to Nantucket Sound; three-fourths mile long; one-half mile wide. Yarmouth sheet. Swan Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; outlet, a stream one-fourth mile long flowing southwestward into Parkers River (tributary to Nantucket Sound). Yarmouth sheet. Swan Pond. — Essex and Middlesex Counties; \\ miles northeast of North Reading! outlet, a stream 4 miles long flowing generally eastward into Ipswich River; altitude, about 80 feet above sea level; small. Lawrence and Salem sheets. Swan Pond River. — Barnstable County; town of Dennis; rises in Swan Pond 1 mile northwest of Dennis Port; flows southwestward 2\ miles into Nantucket Sound; Yarmouth sheet. Sweet Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Williametown; rises a mile southeast of Berlin Mountain; flows southeastward 1 mile, then northeastward \\ miles into Hemlock Brook (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson). Berlin and Grevlock sheets. 414 SUKFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Swift River, East Branch. — Worcester and Hampshire counties; formed in the town of Petersham by the union of Shattuck and Bigelow brooks. Shattuck Brook, considered the head of the East Branch of the Swift, rises just south of Phillipston and flows southwesterly. Below its junction with Bigelow Brook the stream continues its southwesterly course to the town of Greenwich in Hampshire County where it joins the Middle Branch or head of Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut) ; length to the head of Shat- tuck Brook, 20 miles; principal tributaries, Moccasin, Rutland, and Silver brooks^ passes through Pottapaug and East ponds. Winchendon, Barre, and Belcher- town sheets. Swift River. — Franklin and Hampshire counties; rises near the village of Hawley; flows southerly 9 miles to its junction with Westfield River (tributary to the Con- necticut) at Swift River village in the town of Goshen; principal tributaries Stones Brook and North Branch of Swift River. Hawley and Chesterfield sheets. Swift River. — Franklin, Worcester, Hampshire, and Hampden counties; formed in the town of Greenwich by the union of its East and Middle branches. The Middle Branch, considered the continuation of the main stream, rises in North Pond in the town of Orange, and flows southward to the point at which it receives the East Branch. Below that point the general course of the Swift is somewhat west of south to Four Corners, where it joins Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut); length from North Pond to junction with the Ware, about 30 miles; principal tributary below the mouth of the East Branch is the West Branch, which enters 1| miles below Enfield; total drainage area above junction with Ware River, 213 square miles. The basin of the Middle Branch contains several large ponds, including, besides North Pond, Spectacle, Hacker, Thompson, and Neseponset ponds. Gaging station at West Ware, 1910-1915. Warwick, Winchendon, Belchertown, Barre, and Palmer sheets. See also pages 124-134 of this report. Swift River, Middle Branch. — Head of Swift River. See Swift River. Swift River, North Branch. — Hampshire and Franklin counties; rises on Warner Hill in the town of Plainfield; flows southeasterly 7 miles into Swift River (tribu- tary through Westfield River to the Connecticut) at the village of Swift River. Hawley and Chesterfield sheets. Swift River, West Branch. — Hampshire and Franklin counties; rises in the town of Wendell in Franklin County; flows east of south 18 miles to Enfield in Hampshire County, where it enters Swift River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut) ; principal tributaries, Purgee Brook and Cad- well Creek; the basin is narrow and mountainous and the tributaries are short. The map shows only two small ponds in the area. Warwick and Belchertown sheets. Swifts Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Wareham; a mile north of Onset; dis- charges by a stream flowing southward into Onset Bay and thus to Buzzards Bay. Plymouth sheet. Sykes Brook.— -Berkshire County; a stream about a mile long flowing westward into Housatonic River in the southeastern part of the town of Pittsfield. Becket sheet. Tamett Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Lakeville; a stream about a mile long flowing northeastward into Assawompsett Pond (outlet Namasket River to Taun- ton River and thus to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. Tanner Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Savoy; rises on the east slope of the Hoosac Range; flows northeastward 1\ miles, then easterly 1^ miles to its junction with Cold River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Grey- lock and Hawley sheets. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 415 Tapley Brook. — Essex County; rises in Spring Pond, at altitude about 80 feet above sea level; flows northward \\ miles through a small pond into Goldthwait Brook (tributary to North River and thus to the Atlantic Ocean at Beverly Harbor). Boston Harbor and Salem sheets. Tarkill Brook. — Hampden County; town of Agawam; a stream 1£ miles long, flowing southeastward into Threemile Brook (tributary to Connecticut River). Spring- field sheet. Tatnuck Brook. — Worcester County; rises north of Stone House Hill; flows westward about a mile, thence southeastward through a series of artificial reservoirs to Curtis Pond, at the head of Blackstohe River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narragansett Bay); length, 7 miles. Worcester and Webster sheets. Taunton River. — Norfolk, Plymouth, and Bristol counties; formed in the eastern part of the town of Bridgewater by the union of Matfield and Town rivers. Mat- field River, which drains the larger area and is considered the continuation of the main stream, rises in the swamp northeast of Stoughton and takes a general southeasterly course to the junction with Town River; below this point the general course of the river is southeasterly and southerly to the head of Narragansett Bay, into which it discharges; length of stream from head of Matfield River (called Salisbury Plain River in its upper course) to Narragansett Bay, including major windings, about 50 miles; principal tributaries below mouth of Town River, Wenatuxet, Namasket, Mill, and Threemile rivers. The Taunton is tidal up to East Taunton, where there is about 2h feet of rise and fall, and it is navigable to the •^village of Weir, about a mile south of Taunton. The basin contains a large number of small ponds and swamps, and the run-off through the year is fairly uniform. The average rainfall in the region is about 46 inches. Gaging stations have been maintained on Matfield River at Elmwood, 1909-10, and on Satucket River, a branch of Matfield River, near Elmwood, 1909-10. Authorities: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 281, pp. 145-146, 1912; Abington, Dedham, Franklin, Providence, Taunton, Middleboro, New Bedford, and Fall River sheets. Taylor Brook. — Hampden and Worcester counties; rises on the north slope of Steer- age Rock; flows northeastward 2 miles into Tufts Brook, the head of Blodgett Mill Brook (tributary through Quaboag River to Chicopee River and thus to the Con- necticut). Brookfield sheet. Taylors Pond. — Barnstable County; east of South Chatham; outlet southward through a marsh to Nantucket Sound. Yarmouth sheet. Tenmile River. — Bristol County; rises 1 mile northeast of North Attleboro; 'flows southeastward to Attleboro, southwestward to East Providence, R. I., then northwestward through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to Narra- gansett Bay; length, 16 miles; principal tributaries, Bungay River, Thatcher Brook, and Sevenmile River. Below Hebronville the course of the river is just west of the Rhode Island boundary. Providence sheet. Third Brook. — Franklin County; town of Buckland; a stream a mile long, flowing northeastward into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) a mile cast of the mouth of Second Brook. Hawley sheet. Third Herring Brook. — Plymouth County; rises in the swamp north of West Scitu- atein the town of Norwell; flows southeastward 6 miles into North River; principal tributaries, Silver and White Cat brooks. Abington sheet. Thompson Brook\ — Berkshire County; town of New Ashford; a stream U miles long, flowing southeastward into Green River (tributary through Iloosic River to the Hudson) 2 miles north of the village <>t New Ashford. Greylock sheet. 416 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Thompson Pond.— Franklin County; town of New Salem; inlets, two small streams from the north; outlet, Middle Branch of Swift River (tributary through Swift River through Ware River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Belchertown sheet. Thompsons Brook. — Bristol County; town of Taunton; rises one-half mile north of Elders Pond; flows northwestward and northward into Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay), 2 miles east 6f East Taunton; passes through a number of small ponds; length, about 4 miles. Middleboro and Taunton sheets. Three Cornered Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one of a group of small ponds in the west-central part of the township. Plymouth sheet. Threemile Brook. — Hampden County; town of Agawam; rises 2 miles northwest of Agawam Village; flows southeasterly 3 miles into Connecticut River; principal tributaries, Tarkill and Worthington Brooks. Springfield sheet. Threemile Pond. -Berkshire County; northeastern part of the town of Sheffield, on Ironworks Brook (tributary to the Housatonic). Sheffield sheet. Threemile River. — Norfolk and Bristol Counties; formed in the town of Norton by the junction of Rumford and Wading Rivers. Wading River, which drains the larger area and is therefore considered the continuation of Threemile River, rises in the town of Foxboro and takes a general southeasterly course to its junction with Rumford River; below this junction Threemile River flows southeastward through North Dighton, where it enters Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay); length to head of Wading River, about 25 miles. Franklin, Dedhams, Providence, and Taunton sheets. Thunder Brook.— Berkshire County; town of Cheshire; rises 1 mile south of Rounds Rock; flows southeasterly 1 mile, southerly one-half mile, and easterly one-half mile into Kitchen Brook (tributary through Hoosic River to the Hudson). Berkshire County. Tiasquam River. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; rises near the village of Chilmark; flows northeastward to West Tisbury, then southeastward into Tisbury Great Pond through, its northern arm. The only stream on the island named on the maps. Gayhead and Marthas Vineyard sheets. Tihonet Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Wareham; inlets, Frog Foot Brook and Wankinco River; outlet, Wankinco River to Wareham River (tributary to Buzzards Bay). Plymouth sheet. Tillison Brook. —Hampden County; rises H miles north of East Granville; flows eastward 2 miles, then southeastward one-half mile to the north base of Sodom Mountain, where it joins Dickinson Brook to form Munn Brook (tributary through Westfield Little River to Westfield River and thus to the Connecticut). Gran- ville sheet. Tillson Brook.— Plymouth County; town of Carver; rises 1| miles northeast of the village of Carver; flows. southward V 2 miles into Sampson Pond (tributary through Sampson Brook to Weweantic River and thus to Buzzards Bay) . Plymouth sheet. Tisbury Great Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; one of the series of con- nected ponds on the south shore of the island separated from the ocean by a con- tinuous barrier beach. Tiasquam River enters this pond through its northern arm, which, receives also a stream flowing through North Tisbury. The north- eastern shore of this pond is characterize^ by long narrow arms called coves. The width of the pond parallel to the ocean is about a mile. Its greatest length (northwest-southeast) is about 2 miles. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Tispaquin Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Middleboro; principal inlet, Shorts Brook (Fall Brook); outlet, Fall Brook to Namasket River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. Tom Nevers *Pond— Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; back of Tom Nevers Head; 1^ miles southwest of Siasconset. Nantucket sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 417 Tophet Brook.— Berkshire County; rises 3 miles northeast of Adams; flows south- westerly 3 miles, then northwesterly 2£ miles to Adams, where it joins Hoosic River (tributary to the Hudson); tributaries, Reed Brook and Anthony Creek. Greylock sheet. Torrey Pond.— Plymouth County; town of Norwell; on Second Herring Brook (tributary to North River). xVbington sheet. Tower Brook.— Berkshire County; rises on the east slope of the Hoosac Range, flows northward H miles, then easterly 2 miles into Cold River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut) ; many small branches, one of which drains North Pond, one of the few ponds in the basin of the Deerfield in Massachusetts. Greylock sheet. Tower Brook. — Franklin County; a stream about \\ miles long, flowing southeast- ward into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) about a mile above Monroe Bridge. Hawley sheet. Town Brook.— Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; rises in Little Pond, flows southwestward into Billington Sea, then northeastward into Plymouth Harbor, a branch of Massachusetts Bay; length below Billington Sea, about 2 miles. Plym- outh sheet. Town Meadow Brook.— Worcester County; town of Leicester. See French River. Town River. — Norfolk County; rises on the eastern slope of the Blue Hill Range, in the town of Quincy; flows eastward 2 miles, then northward and northeastward 2\ miles, and again eastward a mile or more to its junction with Weymouth Fore River; a tidal channel in its lower course. Dedham and Boston Bay sheets. Town River.— Norfolk, Bristol, and Plymouth counties; rises in the town of Stoughton; flows southeastward into a swamp of about 7,000 acres, known as the Great Cedar Swamp, and from this natural reservoir passes northeastward thourgh West Bridgewater, then southeastward to its junction with Matfield River (tribu- tary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay) at Paper Mill village; length, about 18 miles; called Hockomock River, as it enters the swamp and Cowesett Brook in a stretch east of Eastondale; principal tributaries, below the swamp, West Meade v Brook and South Brook. Dedham, Taunton, and Middleboro sheets. Trap Fall Brook.— Middlesex County; rises in the extreme northwestern part of the town of Ashby, at altitude 1,040 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 4 miles into Willard Brook (tributary through Ash Swamp to Squannacook River and thus through Nashua River to the Merrimack. Fitchburg sheet. Traphole Brook. — -Norfolk County; rises 1 mile north of Moose Hill in the western part of the town of Sharon; takes a very circuitous but in geueral northeasterly course and discharges into Neponset River near the upper end of the Great Meadows; length, including major windings, about 4 miles. Dedham sheet. Trapps Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; northwest of Edgartown; con- nected with Sengekontacket Pond. Marthas Vineyard sheet. Treadwells Island Creek. — Essex County; a tidal creek \\ miles east of Ipswich, joining Fox Creek and emptying into Ipswich River, opposite Little Neck. Salem sheet. Triangle Pond. — Barnstable County; one of a group of ponds north of the village of Farmersville. Barnstable sheet. Triangle Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one-fourth mile northeast of Great South Pond. Plymouth sheet. Triangle Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 2 miles west of the city of Plymouth. Plymouth sheet. Triphammer Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Hingham; a small pond on Weir River. Abington sheet. 409GG — wsp 415—16 27 418 SUEFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Triple Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Southampton; a stream about 2 miles long, flowing northwestward into Manhan River (tributary to the Connecticut) in the southern part of the town of Southampton. Springfield, sheet. Trout Brook. — Berkshire and Hampshire counties; head of Middle Branch of West- field River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Becket and Chesterfield sheet. Trout Brook. — Middlesex County; a stream about 2 miles long rising 2 miles south of Townsend Harbor and flowing north and northeast into Squannacook River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. Trout Brook. — Middlesex County; rises one-half mile southeast of Burns Hill, and 3 miles northeast of Centralville, at altitude 140 feet above sea level; flows gener- ally southward 2\ miles into Merrimack River; principal tributary, Richardson Brook. Lowell sheet. Trout Brook. — Norfolk County; rises about 1 mile west of Snow Hill at altitude 180 feet above sea level; flows northward 3 miles into Charles River; swampy in lower half of course. Franklin and Framingham sheets. Trout Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the east slope of Barrett Hill, at altitude 860 feet above sea level; flows southeastward about 2 \ miles into Quinapoxet River (tributary to Wachusett Reservoir); principal tributary, Governor Brook. Worcester sheet. Trout Brook. — Worcester County; town of Templeton; rises on the south slope of Church Hill; flows southeastward 2 miles, then northward 4 miles into Otter River (tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut) ; principal tributary, Crow Hill Brook. Near Brooks village it passes through several ponds. Win- chendon sheet. Trull Brook. — Middlesex County; about 2 miles southeast of Lowell; at altitude 160 feet above sea level; flows northward 2 \ miles into Merrimack River. Lowell sheet. Tubbs Meadow Brook. — See Jones River. Tufts Branch. — Worcester County; town of Dudley; rises about 1\ miles southwest of the village of Tufts; flows irregularly southward about 4 miles to its junction with Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound) near the village of New Boston, Windham County, Conn. Webster sheet. Tufts Brook. — Worcester County; town of Warren; the head of Blodgett Mill Brook (tributary through Quaboag River to Ohicopee River and thus to the Connecticut). Brookfield sheet. Tully Brook. — Franklin County; the head of the West Branch of Tully River. See Tully River, West Branch. Warwick sheet. Tully River, East Branch. — See Tully River. Tully River, West Branch. — Franklin County; rises just south of the New Hamp- shire-Massachusetts boundary line; flows southeastward 9 miles to its junction with Tully River (tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut at Pinedale, north of Athol). Called Tully Brook above the pond northwest of Tully ville. Warwick and Winchendon sheets. Tully River.— Worcester and Franklin counties, Mass., Cheshire County, N. H.; formed north of Athol by the union of its East and West branches. The East Branch, which drains the larger area and is therefore considered the continuation of the main stream, is formed in the northwestern part of the town of Royalston by the union of Fall and Hunting (or Tilly) brooks. Tilly Brook, which thus forms the head of Tully River, rises west of Little Monadnock Mountain, in the town of Richmond, N. H. , and flows west of south to its junction with Fall Brook. Below this point the East Branch of Tully River flows southeastward to Long Pond, GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 419 thence southward and southwestward to Pinedale, where it receives the West Branch. Below the mouth of the West Branch its course is southward to Millers Elver (tributary to the Connecticut) at Athol; length to head of Tilly Brook, about 16 miles; principal tributaries, Boyce and Lawrence brooks, and the West Branch. Monadnock. Keene, Winchendon, and Warwick sheets. Tupper Creek. — Barnstable County; town of Sandwich; a tidal channel in the marsh back of Scusset Beach. Plymouth sheet. Turkey Hill Brook. — Worcester County; rises 2 miles northwest of Turkey Hill, flows southeastward through Turkey Hill Pond, thence southwesterly to the town of Spencer, where it unites with Sevenmile River (tributary through East Brookfield River to Quaboag Pond and thus through Quaboag River through Chicopee River and the Connecticut); length, 8 miles; principal tributary, Caruth Brook. Worcester sheet. Turkey Hill Pond. — Worcester County; at west base of Turkey Hill; outlet, Turkey Hill Brook to Sevenmile River (tributary through East Brookfield River to Quaboag River and thus through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Worcester sheet. Turner Pond. — Worcester County; 2 miles southwest of Shirley village; outlet through Bow Brook to stream flowing from Shirley Reservoir to Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. Turtle Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Yarmouth; a small marshy pond dis- charging into Bass River (tributary to Nantucket Sound); northeast of South Yarmouth. Yarmouth sheet. Turtle Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Prescott; a small pond which lies less than one-eighth mile east of the Middle Branch of Swift River, but discharges to that river (which is tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut) by a stream that flows southwestward more than 3 miles and passes through Warner and Curtis ponds. Belchertown sheet. Tussock Brook. — Plymouth County; rises in the southern part of the town of Dux- bury; flows southward into Hall Brook (tributary through Jones River to Kingston Bay, a branch of Massachusetts Bay); length, about a mile. Duxbury sheet. Tuttle Brook. — Hampshire County; rises in the southeastern part of the town of Peru in Berkshire County; flows southeastward 5 miles into Middle Branch of Westfield River (tributary through Westneld River to the Connecticut). Becket and Chesterfield sheets. Twelvemile Brook. — Hampden County; rises in the town of Monson, on the north slope of Moon Mountain; flows northerly 3 miles, then northwesterly 3 miles into Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut) near Butlerville. Palmer sheet. Tyngs Pond. — Middlesex County; 2\ miles northwest of Lowell; about three-fourths mile long and one-half mile in maximum width; outlet, a steam about 1 mile long flowing northwestward into Lawrence Brook (tributary to the Merrimack). Lowell sheet. Uncas Pond. — Norfolk County; about 1\ miles southeast of Franklin; inlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing northward and then south of east into Whiting Pond (tributary to Charles River). Franklin sheet. Unchechewhaton Pond. — Worcester County; 2\ miles northwest of Shirley Reser- voir; altitude, about 510 feet above sea level; two outlets, one a stream flowing eastward about 1 mile into Catacoonamug Brook (tributary through Shirley Reser- voir to Nashua River, and thus to the Merrimack), the other a stream about 4 miles long flowing from the south end, encircling the base of Nichols Hill, and passing through Massapoag Pond to its junction with Catacoonamug Brook; about one-half mile long; maximum width, one-half mile. Groton sheet. 420 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Unkamet Brook.— Berkshire County; rises on Oak Hill in the town of Pittsfield; flows southerly and southeasterly into Housatonic River; 2\ miles long. Becket sheet. Unkety Brook. — Middlesex County; rises 1 mile west of East Groton Station; flows west of north 4£ miles into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack) ; swampy throughout most of its course. Groton sheet. Unquomonk Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Williamsburg; rises on the south slope of Petticoat Hill; flows southeastward 2 miles, northeastward 1 mile, and eastward one-half mile into Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut) about a mile southeast of the city of Williamsburg. Used by Williamsburg as a source of municipal supply. Chesterfield and Northampton sheets. Upper Gate Pond. — Barnstable County; 1^ miles north of Hyannis, immediately west of Halfway Pond; very small. Barnstable sheet. Upper Goose Pond. See Goose Pond, Upper. Upper Pond. — Hampshire County; near the east end of the Holyoke Range; outlet, Bachelor Brook, which flows through Middle and Lower ponds, and Forge Pond, and into Connecticut River. Belchertown sheet. Upper Reservoir. — Worcester County; town of Paxton; on west slope of Little Asnebumskit Hill; natural outlet, Kettle Brook to Blackstone River, and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay; used as a part of the water supply system of Worcester. Worcearter sheet. Valley Brook. — Hampden County; rises in the northern part of the town of Gran- ville; flows somewhat west of south 6 miles and unites with the East Branch of Farmington River (tributary through Farmington River to the Connecticut) in the northern part of the town of Hartland in Hartford County, Conn.; length above Massachusetts State line, 5 miles. Granville sheet. Varnum Brook. — Middlesex County; a stream about 1| miles long flowing south- eastward into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack) at East Pepperell. Groton sheet. Venturers Pond. — Hampshire County; a small pond 3 miles east of Springfield; about halfway between the North and South branches of Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut). Springfield sheet. Vine Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in a small pond southwest of Loring Hill, 1 mile southwest of Lexington, at altitude about 240 feet above sea level; flows northeast 2 miles through the town of Lexington, northward 2 miles passing through several ponds, then northwestward 2 miles into Shawsheen River (tribu- tary to the Merrimack) 1^ miles northeast of Bedford; marshy through much of its course. Boston, Lowell, and Lawrence sheets. Waban Pond. — Norfolk County; 1$ miles east of Natick; inlet, a stream from Morses Pond; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing southward from the east end of the lake into Charles River. Framingham sheet. Wachusett Brook, East. — Worcester County; rises on the south slope of Wachusett Mountain, at altitude about 1,320 feet above sea level; flows southeastward to its junction with Stillwater River (tributary to Wachusett Reservoir), near West Sterling; length, about 5 miles; principal tributary, Babcock Brook. Worcester sheet. Wachusett Brook, South. — Rises in Worcester County in the town of Princeton, on the southwest slope of W'achusett Mountain, at altitude about 1,100 feet above sea level; flows southwestward 2 miles, then southeastward 4 miles into Quina- poxet Pond; outlet, Quinapoxet River (tributary to Wachusett Reservoir). Wor- cester sheet. Wachusett Pond. — Worcester County; town of Princeton; north slope of Wachusett Mountain; several small inflowing streams; outlet to Grass Pond, which discharges through Whitman River into North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack); altitude, 870 feet above sea level; length, about three-fourths mile; maximum width, three-eighths mile. Fitchburg sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS 421 Wachusett Reservoir. — Worcester County; on South Branch of Nashua River be- tween Clinton and Oakdale; watershed tributary to reservoir, 108.84 square miles, area of water surface in reservoir at high water. 6.48 square miles; capacity; 64,968,000,000 gallons at high water; elevation. 395 feet; water stored since 1903; forms part of the water supply system of Boston and vicinity. Maps of metro- politan water district. See also page 283 of this report. Wading River.— Norfolk and Bristol counties; head of Threemile River. See Threemile River. Wakeby Pond. See Mashpee Pond. Walden Lake. — Middlesex County; about 1 mile south of Concord and just east of Fairhaven Hill; H miles east of Sudbury River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); altitude, about 160 feet above sea level; about one-half mile long and one-fourth mile wide. Framingham sheet. Walden Pond. — Essex County; a reservoir constructed for the water supply of Lynn; about one-half mile east of North Saugus on the south slope of Mount Paran; inlet, Penny Brook; outlet, Penny Brook to Hawkes Brook, and thus to Saugus River, which discharges into Boston Bay; length, 1 mile; maximum width, one-half mile; east end of Walden Pond is called Glen Lewis Pond and lies on the south slope of Mount Lebanon and Mount Spicket; length of Glen Lewis Pond, about one-half mile; narrow. Map in report of Massachusetts State Board of Health. Wales Brook. — Hampden County; town of Wales; rises about a mile southeast of Wales Pond; flows northwestward through the pond to the village of Wales, thence northeastward and northward about 5 miles to its junction with Mill Brook (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Wales Pond. — Hampden County; town of Wales; south of the village of Wales; outlet, Wales Brook to Mill Brook (tributary through Quinebaug River to Shetucket River and thus through Thames River to Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Walker Brook. — Berkshire and Hampden counties; rises in the town of Becket Li miles west of Becket Center; flows southeastward 3 miles, then in general north- eastward 6 miles to Chester, where it enters West Branch of Westfield River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Becket, Sandisfield, and Chesterfield sheets. Walker Brook. — Hillsboro County, N. H., Middlesex County, Mass.; rises in the southwestern part of the town of Mason in Hillsboro County, N. H., at altitude about 920 feet above sea level ; flows southeastward about 5 miles into Ash Swamp which is drained through Squannacook River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack. Fitchburg sheet. Walker Pond. — Worcester County; three-fourths mile southeast of Walker Mountain; outlet, Hobbs Brook to Quinebaug River (tributary through Shetucket River to Thames River and thus to Long Island Sound). Brookfield sheet. Walkers Pond. — Barnstable County; town of Harwich; 2 miles north of South Harwich. Yarmouth sheet. Wall Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; three-fourths mile northeast of White Island Pond. Plymouth sheet. Wallum Pond.— Worcester County, Mass., and Providence County, R. I.; outlet, Branch River to Blackstone River (tributary to Seekonk River and thus through Providence River to Narragansett Bay); about 2 miles long and one-fourth mile wide . Webster sheet . Waxkinco River. — Plymouth County; rises in East Head Pond; flows west of south through Tihonet Pond and the pond south of the village of Tihonet into Wareham River (tributary to Buzzards Bay) at Wareham Center. East Head Pond is on the boundary between the towns of Carver and Plymouth and the river forms part of that boundary north of the Wareham line. Plymouth sheet . 422 SUKFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Wanpenum Brook. — Berkshire County; rises on the west slope of South Mountain south of Pittsfield; flows northwestward 1 mile, southeasterly 1£ miles to Melville Lake, then northeastward one-half mile to Housatonic River. Pittsfield and Becket sheets. Ward Pond. — Berkshire County; 1^ miles northeast of North Otis; on the head of Farmington River (tributary to the Connecticut). Sandisfield sheet. Ward Pond. — Worcester County; 1 mile southeast of Watatie Mountain,, on Souhegan River (tributary to Merrimack River); altitude about 1,090 feet above sea level; area, 56 acres. Fitchburg sheet. Wards Stream. — Hampshire County; town of Worthington; head of Little River (tributary to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. Wareham River. — Plymouth County; a tidal channel extending from Buzzards Bay northward into the town of Wareham; principal tributaries, Wankinco River and Agawam River. Plymouth and Falmouth sheets. Ware River. — Head of Chicopee River. See Chicopee River. Warner Pond. — Hampshire County; town of Prescott; inlet from Turtle Pond; outlet . through Curtis Pond to the Middle Branch or head of Swift River (tributary through Ware River to the Chicopee and thus to the Connecticut). Belehertown sheet. Warren Brook. — Worcester County; rises 3 miles north of Upton; flows west of south 4 miles into West River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay) at West Upton. Blackstone sheet. Warren Reservoir. — Bristol County; town of Swansea; 2 miles west of Swansea Factory; outlet, Kickamuit River to Mount Hope Bay and thus to Narragansett Bay. Taunton sheet. Warren River. — Bristol County, Mass., and Bristol County, R. I.; rises south of North Rehoboth; flows very irregularly south westward into Narragansett Bay east of Rumstick Neck; called Palmer River above Harris; length to head of Palmer River, about 18 miles; tidal in its" lower course; principal tributaries, Bad Luck, Bliss, Carpenters, and Clear Run brooks, and Rocky Run. Taunton, Providence, and Narragansett Bay sheets. Wash Brook. — Middlesex County; formed by the junction of Hop and Landham- brooks on the south slope of Green Hill, 2 miles north of Saxon ville, at altitude about 120 feet above sea level; flows generally eastward 2 miles through a swampy area into Sudbury River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Framingham sheet. Washing Pond.— Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; north of Maxey Pond and one-fourth mile south of Nantucket Sound; small. Nantucket sheet. Washington Mountain Brook. — Berkshire County; rises a mile northwest of Becket Mountain; flows northwestward 3 miles, then south westward 2 J miles to its junc- tion with Housatonic River about 1% miles north of Lee. Becket sheet. Watatic Pond. — Worcester County; 1 mile southeast of Watatie Mountain and one- fourth mile northeast of Ward Pond with which it is connected by Souhegan River; area, 28 acres; outlet, Souhegan River to Merrimack River. Fitchburg- sheet. Watcha Pond. — Dukes County; Marthas Vineyard; one of a series of ponds on the south shore of the island, separated from the ocean by a continuous barrier beach; about halfway between Tisbury Great Pond and Edgartown G reat Pond . Marthas Vineyard sheet. Waters River. — Essex County; a tidal estuary 1J miles northwest of Salem; length 1£ miles to Danvers River (which joins the Atlantic at Beverly Harbor). Salem sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 423 Watsons Pond. — Bristol County; town of Taunton; outlet, a short stream flowing 9 eastward into Scudding Pond on Mill River (tributary through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay). Taunton sheet. Wattle Pond. — Middlesex County; a small pond a mile south of East Pepperell; natural outlet a stream a mile long flowing north to Reedy Meadow Brook (tribu- tary through Nashua River to the Merrimack) at East Pepperell. Groton sheet. Watts Stream. — Hampshire County; town of Worthington; rises 1\ miles northwest of Worthington ('enter; flows southeasterly 4 miles to Ringville, where it joins Wards Stream to form Little River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. Watuppa ponds, North and South. — Bristol County; town of Fall River; the North Pond is fed by 10 small streams, none of which are named on the topographic sheet. The drainage basin tributary to the South Pond contains three ponds on the south and west in addition to Stafford, Sawdy (Sandy on the map), and Devol ponds. Area of North Pond at "full pond," 2.821 square miles; average depth, 12.24 feet; greatest depth, 26 feet. Area of South Pond, 2.423 square miles. Water of North Pond is used for municipal supply of Fall River, but by far the largest part of the water drawn from the ponds is used by the mills below the Troy dam for power development and mechanical purposes. Fall River sheet. A detailed description of the basin of Watuppa ponds and of the use of the water at Fall River is contained in the report of the reservoir commission to the city council of Fall River, dated July 10, 1902. Waushacum ponds, East and West. — Worcester County; about 3 miles west of Clinton, just north of Wachusett Reservoir. The ponds are connected by a stream one -half mile long. West Waushaccum Pond receives a stream about 3 miles long; outlet, a stream about 2 miles long, which is called Waushacum Brook and which flows into the upper end of Wachusett Reservoir near the mouth of Stillwater River. Worcester and Marlboro sheets and maps of Metropolitan Water District. Webb Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about one-half mile southeast of Billerica, at altitude about 180 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 1 mile, then gen- erally eastward 1 mile into Shawsheen River (tributary to Merrimack River); marshy near mouth. Lowell and Lawrence sheets. Wedge Pond. — Middlesex County; just west of Winchester; connected by a very small stream with another small pond on Aberjona River, and thus finds outlet through Mystic lakes to Mystic River, which discharges into Boston Bay. Boston sheet. Weeks Pond.— Barnstable County; town of Sandwich; west of Snake Pond and 1 mile west of Forest Dale. Falmouth sheet. Weir River. — Plymouth County; rises in Accord Pond near the village of Queen Anne Corners; takes an irregular but in general northerly course and discharges into Hingham Bay; length from White Head to Accord Pond, about 10 miles; principal tributary, stream from dishing Pond. Abington and Boston Bay sheets. Wekepeke Brook.— Worcester County; rises on the west slope of Rocky Hill, at alti- tude about 750 feet above sea level; flows southeastward about 3§ miles, then northeastward 2£ miles into North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Worcester and Marlboro sheets. Wells Creek. — Barnstable County; a tidal channel in the marsh northwest of Barnstable ilarbor. Barnstable sheet. Wenatuxet River. — Plymouth County; rises in the town of Carver; Hows north- westward to its junction with Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay); length to head of Stony Brook, here considered the head of the river, 9 miles; principal tributaries, Green, Annasriappet, Colchester, Raven, and Bartlett brooks. Middleboro sheet. 424 SUEFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Wen ham Lake. — Essex County; south of Wenham and about one-half mile south of Wenham Swamp; inlet, a small stream from the west; outlet, a small stream to Miles River (tributary to Ipswich River); length, 1^ miles; maximum width, one- half mile. Salem sheet. Wenham Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Carver; north of the village of Wenham; outlet, Herring Brook to South Meadow Brook (head of Weweantic River, which is tributary to Buzzards Bay). Middleboro sheet. Wenuchus Lake. — Essex County; on the north side of the city of Lynn; inlet, a stream from Wyoma Lake ; outlet, a tributary of Saugus River forming part of the drainage system of the city of Lynn; length, about one half mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile. Boston Harbor sheet. West Branch. — Hampshire County; rises in the western part of the town of Cum- mington; flows southeastward to West Chesterfield, where it joins Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut); length, 7 miles; called Bronson Brook above the mouth of Steven Brook. Chesterfield sheet. West Brook. — Franklin County; rises (as Avery Brook) in the town of Conway; flows southeastward 8 miles into Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Westbrook village. Northampton sheet. West Brook.— Franklin and Worcester counties; rises on the north slope of Beach Hill, in the town of Orange; flows southeasterly to its junction with Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut), l^miles southwest of Athol, in Worcester County; length, .7 miles; principal tributary, Chene Brook. Warwick sheet. West Brook. — Hampden County; rises on the west slope of Mount Vision in the Wilbraham mountains; flows southward 2 miles into Scantic Brook (tributary through Scantic River to the Connecticut) at Hampden. Palmer sheet. West Brook. — Hampden County; town of Brimfield; a stream about 2\ miles long flowing southward into Mill Brook (tributary to Quinebaug River, and thus through Shetucket and Thames rivers to Long Island Sound) near the village of 1 Brimfield. Brookfield sheet. Westfield Brook. — Berkshire County; rises one-half mile east of Windsor village; flows southward 1^ miles, then very irregularly eastward to Cummington in Hamp- shire County, where it joins Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Becket and ( hesterfield sheets. Westfield Little River. — Hampden County; formed in the town of Russell by the union of Pebble and Borden brooks. Pebble Brook, the continuation of the main stream, rises in Blandford and flows southeasterly; below the mouth of Borden Brook Westfield Little River continues its southeasterly course to a point a mile southeast of Cobble Mountain, where it turns and flows northeastward 2 miles; it turns again abruptly and flows southeasterly to Westfield, where it unites with Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Gaging station 3 miles below confluence of Pebble and Borden brooks, at diversion dam of the Springfield WaterWorks. Used as a source of water supply for the city of Springfield. See pages 167-176 of this report. Sandisfield, Granville, and Springfield sheets. Westfield River. — Berkshire, Franklin, Hampshire, and Hampden counties; rises near Savoy Center, in the town of Savoy, about 2,300 feet above sea level; flows southeasterly to the village of Swift River, thence southerly to Huntington, then again southeasterly to its confluence with the Connecticut at Springfield; length from source to mouth, 55 miles; drainage area, 515 square miles; principal tribu- taries, Swift River, Middle and West branches of the Westfield, and Westfield Little River. The basin is hilly and toward the headwaters mountainous; storage reservoirs neither numerous nor large; fluctuations in discharge rapid. Gaging stations at Knightville and Westfield on the main stream; at Goss Heights on the Middle Branch; and at Chester on the West Branch. Maps of basin: Greylock, Hawley, Becket, Chesterfield, Granville, and Springfield sheets. See page3 150-181 of this report. GAZETTEEB OF STREAMS. 425 Westfield River, Middle Branch. — Berkshire and Hampshire counties; rises (as Trout Brook) in the northern part of the town of Peru; flows southeasterly through the towns of Middlefield, Worthington, and Chester to its junction with Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut); length, about 19 miles; drainage area, 53 square miles; at the head of the stream the altitude is about 2,200 feet above sea level; where it joins the main stream the elevation is 410 feet; principal tributaries, Fuller Brook, Tuttle Brook, Den Stream, and Kinney and Day brooks. Becket and Chesterfield sheets. Westfield River, West Branch. — Berkshire and Hampshire counties; rises in the town of Washington, 1,900 feet above sea level; flows southeasterly 22 miles through Becket and Chester to Huntington, where it joins Westfield River (tribu- tary to the Connecticut); drainage area, 96 square miles; altitude of junction, about 370 feet; principal tributaries, Factory, Walker, Sanderson, and Roaring brooks. The basin contains a number of small ponds and reservoirs. Becket, Sandisfield, Chesterfield, and Granville sheets. West Hollow Brook. — Franklin County; town of Leyden; rises in Windham County, Yt., in the southwestern part of Guilford; flows southwestward 2£ miles into Green River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. West Meadow Brook. — Plymouth County; rises in the town of Brockton near Brockton Heights; flows in general somewhat east of south to its junction with Town River (tributary through Mat field River to Taunton River and thus to Narragansett Bay) in West Bridgewater. The headwater stream is called Black Betty Brook; length to head of Black Betty Brook, 5 miles. Dedham sheet. West Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; the largest of a group of small ponds lying southwest of Billington Sea. Plymouth sheet. West Pond. — Worcester County; 2 miles north of Hudson; altitude 340 feet above sea level; outlet, a small stream flowing northward into a much larger stream (tributary to Assabet Brook and thus through Assabet and Concord rivers to the Merrimack). Marlboro sheet. Westport River. — A tidal channel connecting Westport Harbor with the ocean west of Buzzards Bay. The East Branch of Westport River, the principal stream discharging through this channel, heads in the town of Freetown and flows south- westward to the ponds above Westport Mills; in this part of its course it is called Shingle Island River; below Westport Mills the general course of the river is southward to Westport Point, then westward to Westport Harbor, where it receives the West Branch; length, 20 miles. Fall River sheet. Westport River, East Branch. See Westport River. Westport River, West Branch. — Newport County, R. I., and Bristol County, Mass.; rises near Bliss Corner in the town of Tiverton, R. I.; flows southeastward to Westport Harbor, where it joins the East Branch of Westport River and passes to the ocean; tidal to Adamsville, R. I.; length above tidewater, about 5 miles. Fall River sheel . West River. — Worcester County; rises 2 miles northeast of Grafton; flows south- ward to Silver Lake, southeastward to the north base of West Hill, thence south- westward into Blackstone River (tributary through Seekonk River to Providence River and thus to $arraganset1 Bay); length, 12 miles; principal tributaries, Warren, ("enter, Rock Meadow, and Meadow brook; called Miscoe Brook above Silver Lake. Blackstone sheel . West Wachusett Brook. — Worcester County; rises on the northwest slope of Little Wachusett Mountain; flows northwestward 2 miles to the reservoir in Westminster; thence southwestward 1 mile into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut I. Worcester sheet. 426 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Weweantic River. — Plymouth County: rises in the extreme northern part of Carver; flows very irregularly southward into Buzzards Bay; called South Meadow Brook above junction with Beaver Dam Brook; length to head of South Meadow Brook, about 20 miles; principal tributaries below South Meadow Brook, Beaver Dam, Rocky, Meadow, Double and Sampson brooks, and Sippican River; tidal in its lower course. Plymouth, Middleboro, New Bedford, and Falmouth sheets. Weweeder ponds. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; two small ponds a mile east of the southern end of Miacomet Pond ; one of the numerous small ponds on the south shore of the island, separated from the ocean by a narrow barrier beach. Nantucket sheet. Weymouth Back River. — Norfolk County; rises in the swamp northeast of West Abington, and flows northwestward through Great Pond, thence northward and northeastward (as Mill River) into Whitman Pond, then in general northward into Hingham Bay; principal tributary, Old Swamp River, which discharges into Whitman Pond; length from Weymouth to head near West Abington, about 10 miles; tidal to East Weymouth. Abington and Boston Bay sheets. Weymouth Fore River. — Norfolk County; rises on Great Blue Hill in a small pond about 400 feet above sea level; flows irregularly eastward and southeastward about 6 miles, then in a general northeasterly course into Hingham Bay; lower course tidal; length from Ferry Point to source, about 13 miles; principal tribu- taries, a stream which drains the southeastern part of the town of Randolph and the western part of Holbrook, streams from Great and Little ponds, Haywood and Ruggles creeks, and Town River. Dedham, Abington, and Boston Bay sheets. Whatchaug Brook. — Hampden County; rises on the west slope of the Wilbraham Mountains; flows southwestward 3 miles to the southeastern part of the town of Long Meadow, then southeastward 2 \ miles to North Somers, Conn., where it joins Scantic Brook to form Scantic River (tributary to the Connecticut); length north of the Massachusetts line, about 4 miles. Palmer sheet. Wheeler Brook. — Berkshire County; a stream about a mile long, flowing south- eastward into Huntersfield Brook (tributary through North Branch of Hoosic River to Hoosic River and thus to the Hudson) at North Adams. Greylock sheet. Wheeler Brook. — Berkshire County; town of Florida; a stream 1 mile long flowing southeastward into Cold River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connec- ticut) 2h miles west of its mouth. Haw ley sheet. Wheeler Brook. — Hampden County; town of Blandford; a stream about a mile long flowing easterly into Pebble Brook and thus to Springfield reservoir on Westfield Little River. See Westfield Little River. Granville sheet. Whetstone Brook.— Franklin County; town of Wendell; rises 1^ miles>southeast of the village of Wendell; flows in general east of north to its junction with Millers 'River (tributary to the Connecticut) near Wendell Depot; about 4 miles long. Warwick sheet. Whitcomb Brook.— Berkshire County; town of Florida; rises near the village of Florida; flows southeastward 2-| miles into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) at Hoosac Tunnel. Greylock and Hawley sheets. White Brook. —Hampden County; town of Agawam; a stream less than a mile long- flowing northward into Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Spring- field sheet. White Island Pond.— Plymouth County; towns of Plymouth and Wareham; outlet, Red Brook to Buttermilk Bay and thus to Buzzards Bay; a large pond of very irregular outline. Plymouth sheet. White Lily Pond. — Berkshire County; 2 miles north of Benton Lake in the town of Otis, to which it discharges by a southward flowing stream and through which it ' is tributary to Otis reservoir, Farmington River, and the Connecticut. Sandis- field sheet. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 427 Whitemans Brook. — Worcester County; a stream about half a mile long, flowing northward from the east slope of Mount Hunger into Stodgemeadow Pond. Fitch- burg sheet. White Pond. — Barnstable County; 1 mile northwest of North Harwich. Yarmouth sheet. White Pond. — Middlesex County; 2-h miles east of Maynard, and 1£ miles south of Westvale; altitude, about 160 feet above sea level; about 1\ miles east of Sud- bury River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack); very small. Framingham sheet. White Pond. — Middlesex County; 3 miles southwest of Maynard and 2 miles south of Assabet River (tributary through Concord River to the Merrimack). Framing- ham sheet. White Pond.— Worcester County; town of Athol; 1£ miles north of South Athol; inlet, Ellinwood Brook; outlet, a stream one-half mile long flowing westward into the reservoir on the Worcester-Franklin county line south of Eaglesville. The overflow from this reservoir passes northward to Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut). Warwick sheet. White Pond. — -Worcester County; town of Lancaster; discharges by a stream about three-fourths mile long, flowing westward into North Branch of Nashua River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. Whites Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; one of a group of small ponds in the southeastern part of the township between White Island Pond and Great Herring Pond. Plymouth sheet. Whiting Pond. — Norfolk County; 1 mile west of Wrentham; several small inflowing streams; outlet, a stream 5 miles long flowing in general northward into Charles River; altitude, about 200 feet above sea level. Franklin sheet. Whiting River. — Berkshire County, Mass.; Litchfield County, Conn.; rises in the town of New Marlboro; flows southwesterly to East Canaan village in the town of North Canaan, Conn., where it joins Blackberry River (tributary to the Housa- tonic); length, about 9 miles, of which 6 miles is north of the Massachusetts - Connecticut boundary. Sandisfield and Sheffield sheets. Whitins Pond. — Worcester County; a large pond on Mumford River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narra- gansett Bay) west of Whitinsville. In addition to Mumford River the pond receives Purgatory Brook and several smaller streams. Blackstone sheet. Whitman Pond. — Norfolk County; near East Weymouth; principal inflowing stream, Mill River (considered head of Weymouth Back River) and Old Swamp River ; outlet, Weymouth Back River; altitude, about 60 feet above sea level. Abing- ton sheet. Whitmarsh Brook. — Hampshire County; town of Cummington; a stream 2 miles long flowing southeastward into Bronson Brook, the head of West Branch (tribu- tary through Westfield River to the Connecticut). Chesterfield sheet. Whitney Pond. — Worcester County; at Winchendon; on Millers River (tributary to Connecticut River); principal inlet, in addition to Millers River, stream from Lake Monomonac. Winchendon sheet. Whortleberry Pond. — Norfolk County; town of Weymouth; west of south end of Whitman Pond; outlet, a stream one-fourth mile long flowing westward into Mill River (Weymouth Back River). Abington sheet. Wickaboag Pond. — Worcester County; west of West Brookfield in the town of West Brookfield; inlet, Mill Brook; outlet, Mill Brook to Quaboag River (tributary through. Chicopee River to the Connecticut). The pond is nearly 2 miles long and one-half mile in maximum width, and the stream connecting it with the Quaboag is about one-eighth mile long. Barre and Brookfield sheets. 428 SURFACE WATERS OF MASSACHUSETTS. Wickett Brook. — Franklin County; town of Wendell; rises in Wickett Pond; flows northwestward into Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut); length, 3 miles. Warwick sheet. Wickett Pond.— Franklin County; town of Wendell; outlet, Wickett Brook to Millers River (tributary to the Connecticut); nearly a mile long; about one-eighth mile wide. Warwick sheet. Wiggins Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Plymouth; 1 mile southwest of Great South Pond. Plymouth sheet. Wight Pond. — Norfolk County; northern part of town of Dedham; one inlet; outlet, a stream about 2 miles long flowing east and north into Charles River in Dedham ; very small. Dedham sheet. Wigwam Brook. — Worcester County; rises in a pond north of Wigwam Hill; flows northwestward into Meadow Brook (tributary through West River to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay); l£ miles long. Blackstone sheet. Wigwam Pond. — Nantucket County; Nantucket Island; south shore; separated from the ocean by a narrow beach. Nantucket sheet. Wigwam Pond. — Norfolk County; town of Dedham; one inlet from little Wigwam Pond ; outlet, a stream flowing northward to the stream connecting Wight Pond with Charles River at Dedham. Dedham sheet. Wild Cat Brook. — Plymouth County; rises in the town of Norwell near Burnt Plain Swamp; flows in general southward to its junction with Third Herring Brook (tributary to North River); length, 3 miles. Abington sheet. Wilder Brook. — Worcester County; rises 1^ miles southwest of North Ashburnham station; flows south westward 3 miles into a pond on Kneeland Brook (tributary through Otter River to Millers River and thus to the Connecticut). Fitchburg and Winchdon sheets. Wilder River. — Franklin County; rises 1 mile north of Pocumtuck Mountain; flows southerly 3^ miles into Deerfield River (tributary to the Connecticut) near East Charlemont. Hawley sheet. Willard Brook. — Berkshire County; rises in the western part of the town of Shef- field; flows east of north 3^ miles to Hubbard Brook (tributary through Schenob Brook to Housatonic River); principal tributaries, streams from Spur Lake and Harman Marsh Pond. Sheffield sheet. Wtllard Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in the town of Ashby, in the reservoir 2 miles southwest of Mill Village; flows in general north of east to the lower end of Ash Swamp which is drained through Squannacook River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack; principal tributary, Trap Fall Brook; length, about 6 miles. Fitchburg sheet. Williams Pond.— Middlesex County; just west of Marlboro; altitude about 420 feet above sea level; outlet, Millham Brook (tributary through Assabet River to Con- cord River and thus to the Merrimack) ; about one-fourth mile long and one-half mile in maximum width. Marlboro sheet. Williams River. — Berkshire County; rises in Shaker Mill Pond, in the northern part of the town of West Stockbridge; this pond receives three large streams — Cone, Griffin, and Flat brooks. Flat Brook, which drains the largest area and is there- fore considered the continuation of Williams River, rises in the eastern part of the town of Canaan in Columbia County, N. Y. ; flows west of south 2£ miles, then southeasterly about 4 miles to Shaker Mill Pond, crossing the New York-Massa- chusetts boundary at State line; from Shaker Mill Pond, Williams River flows southward 9 miles to Van Dausenville in Great Barrington, where it enters Housa- tonic River. The river has no important tributaries below Shaker Mill Pond- Pittsfield and Sheffield sheets. GAZETTEER OF STREAMS. 429 Willis Pond. — Middlesex County; in a swamp 2 miles south of Maynard; inlet Run Brook; outlet, Run Brook to Hop Brook (tributary through Wash Brook to Sud- bury River, and thus through Concord River to the Merrimack); altitude, 180 feet above sea level ; small . Framingham sheet . Willis Pond Reservoir. — Worcester County; 2 miles south of the village of Man- chaug;. three inflowing streams, including one from Bad Luck Pond (north of Wad- kin Hill); outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing northeastward into Mumford River (tributary to Blackstone River and thus through Seekonk and Providence rivers to Narragansett Bay). Webster sheet. Willow Brook. — Middlesex County; rises about 1 mile north of Woburn, at altitude 100 feet above sea level ; flows generally northeastward about 1£ miles into Mystic River (which discharges into Boston Bay) a short distance above Richardson Pond. Lawrence sheet. Wills Brook. — Middlesex County; rises 2 miles southeast of North Reading, at alti- tude 120 feet above sea level; flows somewhat southwestward 1 mile into Ipswich River. Lawrence sheet. Wilson Brook. — Franklin County; town of Warwick; a stream about 2 miles long, flowing southeastward into Moss Brook (tributary through Millers River to the Connecticut) just below the outlet of Lake Moore. Warwick sheet. Winchester Reservoirs. — Middlesex County; about half a mile east of Winchester; part of the water storage system of Winchester and vicinity. Boston sheet. Windsor Pond. — Berkshire County; northeastern part of the town of Windsor, inlet from Crooked Pond; outlet, a stream 2 miles long flowing westward and south- ward into Westfield River (tributary to the Connecticut). Hawley sheet. Wine Brook. — Worcester County; town of Phillipston; a stream 2 miles long flowing northward into Burnshirt River (tributary through Ware River to Chicopee River and thus to the Connecticut) at the lower end of the swamp east of East Phillips ton. Winchendon sheet. Winimusset Brook. — Worcester County; town of New Braintree; a stream 2 miles long flowing northward into Ware River (tributary through Chicopee River to the Connecticut). Barre sheet. Winneconnet Pond. — Bristol County; 4 miles northwest of the city of Taunton; inlets, Canoe River (head of Mill River) and Mulberry Meadow Brook; outlet, Mill River to Taunton River (tributary to Narragansett Bay); pond is nearly a mile long and half a mile wide. Taunton sheet. Winnings Pond. — Middlesex County; a very small pond 1£ miles southwest of Billerica; altitude, 180 feet above sea level; outlet, a small stream one-half mile long flowing eastward into Concord River (tributary to the Merrimack). Lowell sheet. Winns Brook. — Middlesex County; rises near the village of Belmont, about a mile south of Arlington Heights, at altitude about 200 feet above sea level; flows gen- erally eastward about 1£ miles into Little Pond (tributary through Little River to Alewife Brook and thus to Mystic River). Boston sheet. Winter Pond. — Middlesex County, a small pond on the west edge of Winchester; lies in the divide very near one of the inlets to Horn Pond (tributary through a small stream and Wedge Pond to Aberjona River, which flows through the Mystic lakes into Mystic River). Boston sheet. Winthrop Pond. — Middlesex County; one-half mile south of Holliston; two small inflowing streams; outlet, a stream 1£ miles long flowing northward into Bogastow Brook (tributary to Charles River) at East Holliston; altitude, about 170 foVi . Franklin sheet. Witch Brook. — Middlesex County; rises in the swamp about 2\ miles south wcsi of Townsend Harbor; flows northeastward into Squannacook River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack). Groton sheet. 430 SURFACE WATERS OE MASSACHUSETTS. Wolf Brook. — Middlesex County, Mass., Hillsboro County, N. H.; rises in Wolf Swamp on the northwest slope of Townsend Hill, at altitude about 350 feet; flows northeastward 3 miles into Nissitisset River (tributary through Nashua River to the Merrimack) in the town of Brookline, N. H. Groton sheet. Wolf Plain Brook. — Bristol County; town of Rehoboth; a stream about 2 miles long- flowing southeastward into Bliss Brook (tributary through Palmer River to War- ren River and thus to Narragansett Bay) at Perry ville Reservoir. Providence sheet. Wood Pond. — Hampden County; a small pond 1 mile northeast of Ludlow and about a mile north of Chicopee River (tributary to the Connecticut). Palmer sheet. Woods Brook. — Plymouth County; town of Middleboro; rises about 1 mile north of Woods Pond ; flows southward through the pond into Fall Brook (tributary through Namasket River and Taunton River to Narragansett Bay); length, about 3 miles. Middleboro sheet. Woods Pond. — Plymouth County; town of Middleboro; inlet and outlet, Woods Brook (tributary through Fall to Namasket River and thus through Taunton River to Narragansett Bay). Middleboro sheet. " . Workman Brook. — Franklin County; rises 2 miles northeast of East Shelburne; flows southeastward 1 mile, then northeastward 1 mile into Green River (tributary through Deerfield River to the Connecticut). Greenfield sheet. Worthington Brook. — Hampden County; town of Agawam; rises in the southeastern part of the township; flows southeasterly 1^ miles, then northeasterly about a mile into Threemile Brook (tributary to Connecticut River). Springfield sheet. Wrangling Brook. — Middlesex County; rises 1 mile northeast of West Groton: flows southeastward 1 mile, then northeastward 1 mile into Nashua River (tributary to the Merrimack) . Groton sheet. Wright Brook. — Berkshire County; rises between Mount Ethel and Mount Sterling, in the northeastern parts of the town of Mount Washington; flows southerly 1£ miles, then southwesterly 1 mile into Bashbish Brook (tributary through Rocliff Jansen Kill to the Hudson). Sheffield sheet. Wright Brook. — Middlesex County; rises one-half mile south of Fox Hill and 1 mile east of Billerica, at altitude about 110 feet above sea level; flows southeastward 2 miles into Shawsheen River (tributary to the Merrimack) about 3 miles west of Wilmington Center; marshy through the lower part of its course. Lawrence sheet. Wright Ponds . — Middlesex County; southern part of town of Ashby; two small ponds which are connected by a short stream and which discharge by a stream 2 miles long flowing southeast into Pearl Hill Brook (tributary through Squannacook River to Nashua River and thus to the Merrimack). Fitchburg sheet. Wright River. — Hampshire County; town of Williamsburg; rises (as Potash Brook) on the south slope of Walnut Hill; flows somewhat east of south 2 miles, then southwesterly one-half mile into Mill River (tributary to the Connecticut). Northampton sheet. Wyoma Lake. — Essex County; about a mile northwest of the city of Lynn; inlet, a small marshy stream flowing southeastward about a mile through two small ponds; outlet, a small stream to Wenuchus Lake and thus to a tributary of Saugus River. The tributary forms a part of the drainage system of the city of Lynn. Length of lake, about three-fourths mile; width about one-eighth mile; elevation 80 feet. Salem and Boston Harbor sheets. Yokum Pond. — Berkshire County town of Becket; a mile east of Becket Mountain; outlet to a stream that enters West Branch of Westfield River (tributary through Westfield River to the Connecticut) at Becket. Becket sheet. Yokun River. — Berkshire County; town of Lenox; rises between Lenox Mountain and Baldhead; flows northeastward 3 miles, then southeasterly about 3 miles to its junction with Housatonic River a mile south of New Lenox. Pittsfield and Becket sheets. INDEX, A. Page. Accuracy of data and results. v 26-27 Acre, equivalents of 302 Acre-foot , equivalents of 302 Adams, G. F., work of 8 B. Barre station, Mass., Ware River at 298 Barrows, H. K., work of 7 Bays, formation of 10-11 Blackstone River, course of 8 Borden Brook near Westfield, Mass 176-181 Burnshirt River near Templeton, Mass 123-124 ,C. Central upland, topographic features of 16-18 Charlemont, Mass., Deerfield River at 103-106 gaging station at, plate showing 90 Charles River at Waltham, Mass 188-190 course of 8 Charles River basin, gaging-station records in 188-191 general features of 188 Chester, Mass., West Branch of Westfield River at 166-167 Chicopee River, dam on, at Red Bridge, Mass., plate showing 119 Chicopee River basin, gaging-station records in 118-149 general features of 117-118 Clinton, Mass., South Branch of Nashua River near 283-284 Wachusett dam near, plate showing 192 Coastal plain, topographic features of 22-23 Cochituate, Mass., Lake Cochituate basin near 295,297-298 Concord River at Lowell, Mass 284-294 Connecticut River at Holyoke, Mass 66-81 at Orford, N. II 42-55 at Sunderland, Mass 55-65 course and branches of 8 Connecticut River basin, gaging-station rec- ords in 42-81 general features of 40-42 Connecticut Valley, topographic features of. . 15-16 Control, definiton of 24 Cooperation by Massachusetts 7 Covert, C. C, work of 7 D. Data, accuracy of 26-27 explanation of 24-26 Dean, H. J., work of 8 Page. Deerfield River at Charlemont, Mass 103-106 at Hoosac Tunnel, Mass 89-102 at Shelburne Falls, Mass 107-114 gaging station on, plate showing 90 near Deerfield, Mass 114-116 profile of 88 Deerfield River basin, gaging-station records in 89-116 general features of 89 Definition of terms 23-24 Discharge, tables for converting, into run-off.. 300 Discharge relation, definition of 24 E. Eastern lowland, topographic features of 18-22 Elmwood, Mass., Matfield River at 186-187 Satucket River near 187 Elwood, W. A., work of 8 Enfield, Mass., Middle Branch of Swift River near 298 Swift River below 298" Equivalents , convenient 300-302 Erving, Mass., canal at : 298 Millers River at 84-87 F. Falls Village, Conn., Housatonic River at 36-40 Farmington River near New Boston, Mass. 182-185 near New Boston, Mass., plate showing. . 180 Farmington River basin, gaging-station rec- ords in 1S2-185 general features of 181 Framingham, Mass., Sudbury River basin near 295-296 French River at Perry ville, Mass 299 Friez water-stage recorder, plal e showing 25 G. Gaging station, typical, plate showing 24 Gaging stations, list of 32-33 Gallons, U. S., equivalents of 302 Gazetteer of streams 302-430 Gibbs Crossing, Mass., Ware River at 119-123 Ware River at, plate showing US Glacial ion, effects of .* 10, 20-21, 23 Goss Heights, Mass.. Middle Branch <>M\ e field River al 161-166 Great Barrington, Mass., Eousatonic River near 34-36 Great Brook at Little River. Mass 299 Green Mountain highlands, topographic fea- tures of..: 14-15 431 432 INDEX. Page. Greenfield Electric Light & Power Co., dam of, at Gardners Falls, Mass., plate showing 92 Grover, N. C, introduction by 5-8 work of , 7 Gurley printing water-stage recorder, plate showing 25 H. Harbors, formation of Holyoke, Mass., Connecticut River at Hoosac Tunnel, Mass., Deerfield River at. . . : Hoosic River, course of Hoosic Valley, topographic features of Horsepower, calculation of equivalents of Housatonic River at Falls Village, Conn Housatonic River, course of near Great Barrington, Mass Housatonic River basin, gaging-station rec- ords in general features of Housatonic Valley, topographic features of. . Huntington, Mass., West Branch of West- field E iver at and near Hydrometric won*:, special conditions affect- ing Ipswich River, course of. 11 66-81 $9-102 8 13-14 302 302 36-40 8 34-36 34-40 33-34 13-14 299 27 K. Keith, Arthur, on the topography of Massa- chusetts 8-23 Knightville, Mass., Westfield River at 151-157 L. Lake Cochituate basin near Cochituate, Mass ; 295, 297-298 Lakes, prevalence of 11 Lawrence, Mass., Merrimack River at 234-282 Lawrence dam, Merrimack River, high water at, plate showing 180 Little River, Mass., Great Brook at 299 Lowell, Mass., Concord River at 284-294 Merrimack River at 194-233 rating curves for 194 Ludlow Manufacturing Associates plant on Chicopee River, rating of wheels of 299 Maps, topographic, list of 303 Massachusetts, map of In pocket. Matfield River at Elmwood, Mass 186-187 Measures, English, metric equivalents of 302 Medford, Mass., Mystic Lake near 190-191 Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass 234-282 at Lowell, Mass 194-233 rating curves for 194 course and branches of 8 high water at Lawrence dam on, plate showing 180 Merrimack River basin, gaging-station rec- ords in 194-298 general features of 192-193 Page. Millers River at Erving, Mass 84-87 at Wendell Depot, Mass 82-83 Millers River basin, gaging-station records in. 82-88 general features of 82 Miner's inches, equivalents of 301 Miscellaneous measurements 298-299 Moss Brook at Wendell Depot, Mass 87-88 Mountains, height of 17 Mystic Lake near Medford, Mass 190-191 N. Nashua River, course of , 19 South Branch of, near Clinton, Mass. . . 283-284 New Boston, Mass., Farmington River near 182-185 Farmington River near, plate showing.. 180 New England Power Co., dam and electric- power station of, below Shelburne Falls, Mass., plate showing 92 dam, forebay, and electric-power station of, at Shelburne Falls, Mass., plate showing 91 Newell, F. H., work of ... 7 Norcross, T. W., work of ' 7 O. Orford, N. H., Connecticut River at 42-SS P. Palmer, Mass., Quaboag River near 298 Perry ville, Mass., French River at 299 Pierce, C. H., work of 7-8 Plains and plateaus, formation of 9-10 Ponds, prevalence of 11, 21, 23 Price current meters, plate showing 24 Public control of water resources, scope of. . . 6-7 Q. Quaboag River at West Brimfield, Mass. . . 137-149 at West Brimfield, Mass., plate showing. 119 at West Warren, Mass 135-137 near Palmer, Mass ., 298 Quinnebaug River, course of S Red Bridge, Mass., dam on Chicopee River at, plate showing 119 Results, computed, accuracy of 26-27 Run-off (depth in inches), definition of 24 tables for converting discharge into 300 Russell, Mass., Westfield River at 157-158 Satucket River near Elmwood, Mass 187 Second-foot, definition of 23-24 equivalents of 301 Second-feet per square mile, definition of 24 Shelburne Falls, Mass., Deerfield River at. 107-114 electric-power stations of New England Power Co. at and near, plates showing. . .\ 91, 92 Stevens water-stage recorder, plate showing. . 25 Sudbury River and Lake Cochituate basins near Framingham and Cochitu- ate, Mass 295-29S Sunderland, Mass., Connecticut River at 55-65 INDEX. 433 Swift River at West Ware, Mass 124-134 below Enfield, Mass 298 dam on, at West Ware, Mass., plate showing 118 Middle Branch of, near Enfield, Mass 298 T. Taconic Range, topographic features of 12 Taunton River, course of 8 Taunton River basin, gaging-station records in 186-187 general features of 185-186 Templeton, Mass., Burnshirt River near... 123-124 Terms, definitions of 23-24 Thweatt, Hardin, work of 8 Topography of the State 8-23 V. Velocity in feet per second, table for convert- ing, into velocity in miles per hour 301 W. Wachusett dam near Clinton, Mass., plate showing 192 Waltham, Mass., Charles River at 188-190 Ware River at Barre Station, Mass 298 at Gibbs Crossing, Mass 119-123 plate showing 118 near Ware, Mass 118 40966—16 28 Page. Water power, past and present employment of 5-7 Water-stage recorders, plate showing 25 use of 27, 30 Watersheds, position of 8-9 Wendell Depot, Mass., Millers River at 82-83 Moss Brook at 87-88 West Brimfield, Mass., Quaboag River at. . 137-149 Quaboag River at, plate showing 119 West Ware, Mass., dam on Swift River at, plate showing 118 Swift River at 124-134 West Warren, Mass., Quaboag River at 135-137 Westfield, Mass., Borden Brook near 176-181 Westfield Little River near Westfield, Mass 167-176,299 Westfield River at Ejiightsville, Mass 151-157 at Russell, Mass 157-158 near Westfield, Mass 159-160 Middle Branch of, at and near mouth 298 at Goss Heights, Mass 161-166 West Branch of, at and near Hunting- ton, Mass 299 at Chester, Mass 166-167 Westfield River basin, gaging-station records in 151-181 general features of 150-151 Z. Zero flow, definition of 24 O I I \ .7--^ — - J \V () K C M I I) I) I. K % r: M ' -V |k^'^;-J^ 1 1 1 TOPOGRAPHIC MAP OF MASSACHUSETTS AND RHODE. ISLAND SHOWING PKINCIPAL DKAINAQE BASINS AND LOCATION OF GAGING STATIONS COMPILED FROM U. S. OBOLOGII A.L M l:\ l