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^ .v-^m \/ . -^ ' . . S \ -^'^ '•:;^% 3 A V n 6- .0' ELEVENTH EDITION, REVISED AND CORRECTED TO DATE. Ht* OV\l ^0^i■\«. "-ILLUSTRATED GUIDE, WITH MAP. Twenty-five Cents. FAMOUS FOR HALF A CENTURY. RECENTLY ENLARGED AND GREATLY IMPROVED, FURNISHING FIRST- CLASS ACCOMMODATIONS FOR FIVE HUNDRED GUESTS. Pleasure Parties, Ladies and Families visiting the East, will find the UNITED STATES combining all the conveniences and substantial comforts of a pleasant home, free alike from extravagant show or still more extravagant charges, while its very convenient location directly opposite the Boston & Albany, and only three blocks from Old Colony and Fall River, New York and tievr England, and Provi- dence and Stonington Stations. Six Hundred Horse Cars p.iss three sides of the Hotel, bringing it in dirent and close connection with every Northern and Eastern Railway Station and Steamboat, as well as the thousand attractions of City, Seashore, and Suburbs, Unequalled by any Hotel in Boston. Thus making a most convenient point to stop on arriving in the city, saving all carriage fares, and, for those who desire to spend a day or week in shopping, or vi.siting the thousand objects of art and interest, a most central, desirable, and convenient lociition, being only two minutes' walk from .ill the great fashionable Retail Establishments, Theatres, Objects of Interest, and Places of Amusement. TILLY HAYXES, Kesideut Proprietor. THE ;d a!:- ION. ethod ilities arties most imine such, phical Rail- duced ere to :an be ii-m P 13 S 55". .-. TO .-. Tourists, • Ladies, AND • Families .-. VISITING THE .-. it. EASTERN COAST OR THE MOUNTAINS. The immense number of Seashore Resorts, and greatly increased af;- tractions of the Eastern Coast FROM NEWPORT TO BAR HARBOR, have made the annual trip to them not only fashionable, but almost a necessity for HEALTH, REST, OR RECREATION. To suggest the most simple, direct, economical, and comfortable method for reaching them will be the mission of this circular. The Railways and Steamboats will furnish more and better facilities this season than ever before for reaching any of these places ; but parties oannot always decide, especially at a distance, as to what point it is most desirable for them to locate, or whether it may not be better to examine different places before deciding on their home for the season. To all such, we may be permitted to say that Boston not only makes the geographical centre for all these various localities, but furnishes a point at which all Rail- ways and Steamboats terminate, and to which all lines compete by reduced fares and club rates. Therefore, ALL PARTIES COMING EAST WILL FIND IT IN EVERY WAY MORE ECONOMICAL AND SATISFACTORY TO PUR- CHASE THROUGH TICKETS AND CHECK BAGGAGE DIRECT TO BOSTON. This settled, the next point is to decide what may be seen and where to Stop while in Boston, what it will cost, and what accommodations can be given, which we will endeavor to answer on the following pages. BOSTON. T"HE old United States Hotel is one of the oldest and best of the hotels of Boston. Its fame is wide-spread. Its seal dates back to 1824, and from that early date to the present it has been Maintained up to the Best Standard, But never better than now. It is situated directly opposite the Boston & Albany, within two blocks of the Old Colony, and only a short distance from the New York & New England and Providence Railroad Stations, and is the nearest hotel to the retail portions of the city, and the great commercial centres. The "United States" is occupied largely in the winter by families owning their own private residences in the adjoining towns, who come into the city and make their residence at this famous old house for the winter months. During the Summer Seasoni therefore^ their Great Family Rooms are Available for Tourists, Famlliesi and Pleasure Parties, Giving accommodations that could not otherwise be afforded, and so allow guests the most extensive variety of rooms at the lowest possible charges During the summer months the rates are reduced to $2.50, $3.00, and $3.50 per day, according to accommodation, with board by the week at from $12.00 to $2500, thus giving visitors an opportunity of making this hotel their permanent headquarters, from which to make daily excursions to the thousand places of historical interest with which the city and suburbs abound, and to the great manufacturing cities which surround it; while the fifteen hundred summer resorts and boarding-houses down the harbor and along the coast are available every fifteen minutes by boat or rail. Thus the " United States" will be found not only a most accessible and convenient hotel on arriving at Boston, but will be found equally comfortable and economical for permanent as well as transient guests, while the facilities for reaching all the suburban localities and various seashore resorts are un- equalled by pny hotel in Boston. ^^^ ^ .<,,<<> ►osroN IS Rich in Historical Reminiscences. In its Educational Institutions, it stands at the head of the list. Its colleges are world-famous, its schools the pride of the country. Its societies of Art, Science, and Literature include the most eminent men and women of the age ; and all tastes are here provided for as in no other city in the Union. It has fairly earned the title The Athens of America. In Architectural and Mechanical attractions, Boston presents a variety seen nowhere else. The great fire opened the way for a new series of Mer- chant Palaces that for solidity and architectural grandeur are not equalled on the continent. The new avenues at the South and West End contain a large number of splendid private dwellings, some of them rivalling in magnificence the palaces of the Old World. In nothing is Boston more superior than in the number and excellence of its manufacturing establishments, which cover every article of importance for home or foreign consumption. Its great Mechanical Fairs have given an impetus and encouragement to ingenuity and enterprise that have placed it in the front rank of America's great workshops. 'R I HF TRIMOUNTAIN, OR I HREE MOUNTAINS, AS BOSTON WAS ORIGINALLY CALLED. I S a peninsula of about seven hundred acres, almost entirely surrounded by the sea. Its climate in the hottest of seasons is deliciously cool, brac- ing, and invigorating; and it is undoubtedly one of the healthiest cities in the World. ITS harbor, one of the best on the coast, is about tweniy miles long by eight wide. Its many islands and coast are lined with thousands of delightful Summer Resorts, reached by numerous Railways and Steamboats at every hour of the day, forming a panorama of busy life and pleasure to be seen nowhere else. 1 TS d<"ives inland are none the less interesting and picturesque, whether we visit the classic shades of old Harvard, the romantic walks at Wellesley, or the hundred delightful suburban villages, whose well-kept streets, bright lawns, and elegant gardens simply reflect the elegance and taste within the homes of those who have made Roston what it is. T^HE excellent Street Car service of ISoston is one of its best institutions. Nowhere else in the country is this important conveyance to visitors so complete as here. The broad, handsome open cars reach all points within ten miles of the City Hall, and give visitors a most delightful oppor- tunity t ) see the attractions at the least possible charge. TriE OLD IJNITEI) STATES rfOTEL, OF BOSTON has maintained its RESPECTABILITY AND EXCELLENCE. Originally the largest Hotel in Boston, it has been twice enlarged years ago, by the extensive wings on Kingston and Lincoln Streets, named respectively Oregon and Texas. During the past five years it has been under the management of Mr. TILLY HAYNES, of Springfield, Mass. who has completely renovated, enlarged and improved the prop- erty, and last year added still another hundred rooms, by building across from Texas to Oregon. Think of a Hotel from Texas to Oregon, and you will understand why this notice is written, which is to say that the UNITED STATES recommends itself for its quiet, orderly management, and the notable character of its guests, its numerous public rooms and grand old parlors, broad halls and numerous stairways, while none of its 500 Guest Rooms are above the fourth floor. Theee, with its very central location, its most excellent \ table, and moderate charges, recommend it to all who A have once shared its hospitality. m^~\ n ,?.jili .1'!' jjlH;ja«=?i«arasi!i!rJ|i3, ,;isi:i ; !'-m.i.r\ !ll!!lilili»|i;:.M!i:iil?i '!!!'"■ _ „ ,: .,, ™J 1 IS HINTS FOR VISITORS. First make yourself at home in your hotel. Landlords and clerks are here to serve and make you comfortable, and expect you to ask questions; and they are only too happy to answer or give you the required information. So far as possible, let them know just what you want, how long you will probably remain, and where you wish to go. The UNITED-STATES HOTEL has gained an enviable reputation as a most hospitable home ; and it only needs for the visitor to put himself en rapjiort with its officials to ascertain this fact. The first and best advice the experienced traveller and sight- seer can give to a novice is,— don't hurry. Life, at best, is short, and should be kept free from worry as far as possible. The at- trition of haste spoils many an otherwise pleasant journey. The man who rushes nervously from point to point w^ill see more in a day than his calm and tranquil neighbor, but will not live so many days to enjoy the good things of this world. We all have but one life to live, and we have a given time in which to live it. Let us then be rational, peaceful, unruffled, and set about the charming occupation of inspecting the attractions and beauties of Boston in a leisurely and enjoyable manner. A week thus spent, amid the proudest historical and personal localities, near the choicest works of art and architecture, and where one can with equal facility study speculative philosophy, or find advan- tageous modes of shopping, or enjoy, at will, Music-Hall sym- phonies or Longw^ood cricket-battles, is not equal to a hberal education, exactly, but goes a long way toward it, and affords a large return for the time expended. And, as the most central point at which life can be made easy and luxurious during these varied studies, the United-States Hotel affords facilities which need but to be seen to be accepted and enjoyed. It is always amusing to see ordinarily intelligent persons making a tour of sight-seeing a regular piece of hard work, and crowding into a day what could only be fairly an J. enjoyably done in a week. Seeing Boston in a day is much like learn- ing French in five easy lessons : it will prove very poor French. There is another very important feature in travelling, and that is Rest. Ladies, particularly, who have the cares of their own homes, often get worn out w^ith the petty details of housekeep- ing : with servants to look after and company to entertain, ladies have more than their share of the vexations and cares of life. Nothing more conducive to health and happiness can be sug- gested than change of scene, pleasant travelling, enjoyable enter- tainment, and good wholesome living, where there is no anxiety as to "w^hat shall be had for dinner," or "how^ shall I entertain my friends." Take a rest, and be entertained for a few^ w^eeks. It w^ill smooth out many wrinkles, making life pleasanter, happier, longer, and more worth the living ; far more effectual than physicians' pre- scriptions,— and so don't hurry. INBEX [k.^. BOST0N. WHAT TO SEE AND WHERE TO FIND IT, WI'I'II A FEW STARTING POINTS FROM THE Heifed ^t®t^S ^©t^f- TILLY HAYNES, Resident Proprietor. CONTENTS. Adams Statue, 30, 52. Advent Church, 39. Agassi/. Museum, 23, 56. Algonquin Club, 35. Allandale Springs, 68. American Unitarian Associa- tion, 36. Antiquarian Bookstore, 43. Arlington, 64, 6S. Arlington-Street Church, 38, 50. Army and Navv Monument, 2$. Arnold Arboretum, 31, 6i. Art Collections, 23. Art Museum, 21, 22. Art School, Normal, 26. Athena;um, 24. Atlantic Avenue, 15. Back Bay, 14, 48. Back-Bay Park, 31, 50. Baptists, 41. Base-Ball Crounds, 34, 62. Beacon Hill, 20. Bedford, 67. Belmont, 68. Berkeley-Street Church, 36, 60. Beverly, 67. Bijou Theatre, 34. Blind Asylum, 23. Boot and Shoe District, 15. Boston Art Club, 35, 50. Boston as a summer resort, 13 Boston Coli'ige, 26. Boston Comnion, 30, 47. Boston Harbor, 16, 75. Boston Highlands, 14. Boston Library, 24. Boston Museum, 23, 34. Boston Stone, 20. Boston Tea-party, 21. Boston Theatre, 34. Boston University, 25. Bowdoin Square, 32. Braintree, 71. Brattle Square, 32. Brewer Foimtain, 30. Brighton, i;. Brookline, jg. Bunker-Hill Monument, 30, Business District, 15. Buzzards Bay, 73. Cadets' Armory, 63. Cambridge, 53, 66, 67. Cape Cod, 73. Cathedral, 40, 60. Cemeteries, 33. Central Church, 36. Central Club, 3S- Charles-River Embankment, 31- Charlestown, 14, 5:. Chelsea, 18, O4, 66, 67. Chester Park, 32, 67. Chicicering Hall, 35. Chinese School, 26. Christ Church, 39. Churches, 36. City Hall, 18. City Hospital, 18, 61. City Point, 58, 76. Clubs, 35. Coffee-Houses, 42. Cohasset, 71. Colleges, 25. Columbus Avenue, 63. Columbus .Statue, 30. Common, 30, 47, 50. Commoiiwealth Avenue, 15, 48. Concord, 66. Congregationalists, 36. Conservatory of Music, 26. Cooking School, 26. Copley .Square, 31. 50. Copp's Hill, 20, 34. Court House, 18. Custom House, 16, 45. Cyclorama, 23, 34, 62. Decorative Art Societv, 23. Dedham, 68. Disciples' Church, 38. Dock .Square, 32. Dorchester, 15, 64. Dorchester Burying-ground, 33- Dorchester Heights, 64. Dover Street, 60. Dry-goods district, 15. Dry-goods stores, 42, 46. Duxbury, 72. East Boston, 14. Emancipation Group, 28, 63. Emanuel Church, 39. English-High .School, 7, 25. Episcopal Churches, 38. Equitable Building, 42, 45. Ether Monument, 28. Everett Statue, 2S. Fall River, 74. Faneuil Hall, 19, 45, 51. First Baptist Church, 41, 50. First Church, 38. First Spiritual Temple, 50. Fitchburg Station, 52. Forest Hills, 33, 61. Fort Hill, 20. Fort Independence, 16, 76. Fort-Point Channel, 57. . Fort Warren, 16 Fort Winthrop, 16. Franklin Park, 31. Franklin Square, 32. Franklin Statue, 28. Gardens, 33, 65. Gettysburg Cyclorama, 23,34, 62. Girls' High School, 26. Globe Theatre, 34. Gloucester, 67, 77. Glover Statue, 30. Grand Opera House, 34. Guide-Books, 43. Hamilton Statue, 30. Hancock House, 20. Harbor, 16, 75. Harvard College, 23, 25, 50,54 Harvard Statue, 55. Hemenway Building, 42. High School, 7, 25, 62. Hingham, 71, 76. Historical Places, 21. Hollis .Street Theatre, 34. Horticultural Hall, 36, 51. Household Art Rooms, 23, 42, 48. Howard Athenasum, 34. Hull, 71, 75. Huntington Avenue, 59. Immaculate Conception, 40. Independence Square, 33, 58. Industrial Schools, 28. Insurance Buildings, 42. Jail, iS. Jamaica Plain, 61, 62. Jerusalem Road, 71 Jones, McDuffee & Stratton, 4-t- Jordan, Marsh cS: Co., 42, 46. Kindergarten, 26. King's Chajiel, 38, 51. King's Chapel Burying- ground, 33. Transfer Engineers School Li by. June 29, 1931 CONTENTS. Lassell Seminary, 26. Latin Scliool, 25. Lexington, 68. Liberty Square, 45. Liberty Tree, 48. Libraries, 24 Literati, 12, 21. Louisburg Square, 32. Lutlierans, 40. Lynn, 69, 77. Macullar, Parker & Co., 47. Mann Statue, 28. Maps, 44. Marblehead, 70. Marine Park, 58. Marsbfield, 71. Masonic Temple, 35, 48. Mass General Hospital, ig. Massachusetts Historical So- ciety, 24. 51. Mechanics' Hall, 4, 34. Medford, 68 Memorial Hall, 55. Merchants' Exchange, 42. Metaphysical College, 28. Methodists, 40. Metric Bureau, 23. Middlesex Fells, 68. Milton, 64. 68. Minot's Light, 71. Missionary Museum, 23. • Modelling School, 28. Monuments, 28. Mount Auburn, 33, 57. JNIount Benedict, 53. IVIount Hope, 34. Mount- Vernon Church, 36. Museum of Fine Arts, 21, 22. Museum of Natural His , 23. Museums, 21. Music Hall, 34. Nahant, 69, 77. Nantasket Beach, 71, 75. Nantucket, 73. Natural History Museum, 23. Navy Yard, 18, 52. New Bedford, 73. Nevvburyport, 70. New-England Conservatory, 26,61. New-England Historical So- ciety, 24 New Old-South Church, 36, 37. 50- Newport 74. Newton, 64, 66. North End, 14, 20. North Shore, 69. North Square, 32. Notre-Dame Academy, 26,61. Oakland Garden, •?4, 63. Odd Fellows' Hall, 35', 60. Old Corner Bookstore, 20, 43. Old Elm, 31. Old Granary Burying-ground, 33, 51- Old South Church, 19, Old State House, 19, 45. Outlines, 14. Parks, 30, 31. Park Street, 21. Park Street Church, 36, 51. Park Theatre, 34. Peabody, 70. Peabody Museum, 23, 56. Pemberton Square, 32. People's Church, 40. Perkins Institution, 58, 75. Pigeon Cove, 66. Plymouth, 71, 72. Point of Pines, 69. Point Shirley, 66, 68. Points of view, 43. Post Office, 16, 17. Pottery, 23. Prescott Statue, 30. Prince School, 26. Providence Station, 48, 63. Province House, 20. Provincetown, 73, 77. Public Buildings, 16, 42. Public Garden, 31, 47. Public Library, 24, 48, 50. Puritan Club, 35. Quincy, 71. Quincy Market, 45. Quincy Statue, 28. Religion, 12. Revere Beach, 67, 6g. Riverside Press, 54. Roman Catholics, 39. Roxbury, 14, 61, 62, 63. Roxbury Burying-ground, 33, 61. Safe-Deposit Vaults, 46. St. Botolph Club, 35. St. Paul's, 39. Salem, 70. Scituate, 71. Scollay Square, 32, 51. Sea-Trips, 74 Second Church, 38, 50. .Shawmut Church, 36. Shoe-and-Leather Ex., 42, 44. Shreve, Crump & Low, 46. Skating Rink, 34. Soldiers' Home, iS. Soldiers' Monuments, 28, 29, 3°- Somerset Club, 35. Somerville, 64, 68. South Boston, 14, 57, 75. .South Church, 38. South Shore, 70. Springer Brothers, 42, 46. .Spring Lane, 21. .Standish, Miles, 72. State House, iS, 47. .State Street, 15. Statues, 28. Street-car rides, 51. Street-car, miscellaneous, 64. Studio Building, 51. Suffolk Club, 35. .Sumner Statue, 28. Sunset Rock, 64. Swampscott, 6g. Swedenborgians, 40. Taunton, 74. Technology, Inst of, 25, 50. Temple Club, 35. Terra-Cotta Works, 23, 57. Theatres, 34. Tremont Street, 15. 47, 51. Tremont-Street Church, 40. Tremont Temple, 35, 41. Tremont Theatre, 34. Trinity Church, 39, 49, 50. Tufts College, 26. Turnhalle, 35. Union Club, 35. Unitarian Churches, 36. Unity Church, 38. Universalists, 40. University Press, 57. Ursuline Convent, 53. Walks, 44. Waltham, 68. Warren Museum, 23. Washington's Library, 24. Washington Statues, 28, 47. Washington Street, 15, 46. Watertown, 64, 68. Webster's Home, 21. Webster Statue, 28. Wellesley, 65, 66. Wellesley College, 26, 27. Wells Institute, 42. West Church, 38. West End, 14, 20. West Roxbury, 15, 62, 63. West-Roxbury Park, 63. White (R. H )& Co., 42,46. Williams & Everett, 48. Winthrop, 68. Winthrop .Statue, 30. Woman's Club 35. Women's Educational Union, 23. Worcester, 66. Yachting, 58. Young Men's Christian .Asso- ciation, 41, 50. Young Men's Christian Union, 41, -48. Young Women's Christian Association, 41, 60. Boston is in many respects the most interesting city of America, the favorite place of pilgrimage for many thousands of intelligent tourists. Its history is full of romance, from the foundation by Winthrop's Puritans, and the eras of Cotton Mather and Chief Jus- tice Sewall, and the uprising of Sam Adams and John Hancock, to the later heroic days of Governor And ew and his marching regiments. In art, Boston has been the home of Copley, Stuart, Allston, Hunt, and other famous masters. In religion, she has been led by Channing, Freeman Clarke, Phillips Brooks, Gilbert Haven, Joseph Cook, and Father Taylor. In philosophy there are Emerson and Fiske, Thoreau and Theodore Parker, Weiss and Mulford. The chief poets of America, Longfellow, Lowell, and Whittier, were born and lived within an hour's ride. Here, too, are the haunts made sacred by the inspirations of Hawthorne, the birth- place of Julian Hawthorne, the home of Howells, the streets rendered classic by the acerbities of Henry James. On Beacon Street lives Oliver Wendell Holmes ; on Charles Street, Thomas Bailey Aldrich. Here is the birthplace of Edward Everett ; there, the mansion of Prescott, the historian ; on a Dorchester hill-top, Motley's home ; opposite the State House, George Ticknor's great house. American literature springs as surely from I5oston as Greek culture from Athens, or Latin power from Rome. In architecture, the city exemplifies the best development of the century in its massive and commodious public buildings, its stately churches, ard the chateau-like mansions of the Back Bay. In educa- tion, the local schools have for many decades held a foremost jjlace, and are crowned by the most famous universities and colleges. In music, Tourjde and Petersilea, Whitney and Zerrahn, Dwight and Paine, mark the highest point of New-Work! attainment. 13 The harbor and bay, the adjacent suburbs, wealthy and pictur- esque, and the North Shore and Old Colony, afford an endless vari- ety of delightful short excursions, supplied with the most convenient methods of journeying. And, in odd hours, the great stores of the city may be called upon for an almost unexampled assortment of goods and wares, notable at once for excellence and cheapness, and worthy of interested attention. The routes herein described are made to centre at the United- States Hotel, as that is the most centrally situated of the great hotels of Boston, being within a square or two of the Albany and Old-Colony stations, and between them and the Post Office, State House, and business district. The street-cars that pass the hotel incessantly give easy and quick access also to all parts of the city and its suburbs, and make the oftentimes arduous task of sight-seeing become a simple pleasure. It should be remembered, also, that Boston is one of the most comfortable cities of America in hot weather, being situated on a peninsula between large bodies of salt water, whence cool sea breezes blow through the streets night and day. The east wind of summer is as delightful in Boston as the same wind is exasperating in winter. The excellent sanitary laws of the city, its vigilant policing and perfect drainage, combine to insure conditions most favorable to health and comfort, and far excelling those of the rural and seashore summer resorts. As Edinburgh is preferred to London, and Dresden to Berlin, and Florence to Milan, by cultivated travellers in search of summer recreation, so Boston is found in many ways more interesting than the greater cities to the southward, and forms the favorite resting- place of thousands of American tourists. Let the visitor settle him- self comfortably in the spacious old United-States Hotel, and make himself acquainted with its proprietor and officers, and get himself exactly suited as to his rooms, and then leisurely and easily begin to see the many sights of the Puritan City and its suburbs. 14 Boston's Outlines. Boston is the capital of Massachusetts, and the chief city of Ne. England. It has 550,000 inhabitants, covers 22,000 acres, and has a valuation of nearly $900,000,000. Boston proper covers 700 acres, including the hilly peninsula called by the Indians ShawJnut, and by the first settlers Tri-moimtaine, and the artificially-filled flats con- tiguous. It is divided into the North End, the oldest part of the city, now mostly inhabited by foreigners, and containing Copp's Hill, Christ Church, and ancient North Square ; the West End, a densely populated region of shops and tenements, with the Massa- chusetts General Hospital and the West Church, toward the Cam- bridge bridges ; the South End, with long lines of residence streets, churches and schools, the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, and the great High School, toward Roxbury; the business district, between the Common and the harbor, including the largest stores, the Post Oflfice, City Hall, Custom House, etc. ; and the Back Bay, between the Common and Longwood, and containing the finest streets and most aristocratic homes, Trinity Church, the Art Museum, the Harvard Medical School, the Museum of Natural History, etc. The munici- pality of Boston also includes East Boston, on Noddle's Island, with 40,000 inhabitants and 15 churches, and the elevators and docks where the British steamships lie ; South Boston, a manu- facturing and iron-working district, with two miles of harbor front, the docks and warehouses of the New- York & New-England Rail- road, the far-viewing and historic Dorchester Heights, the new Marine Park and Independence Square, and five bridges to Boston; CiiARLESTOWN, on the north, a hilly peninsula between the Charles and Mystic Rivers, with 40,000 inhabitants, Bunker-Hill Monument, the State Prison, the United-States Navy Yard, the old Ursuline- Convent grounds on Mount Benedict, and two bridges to Boston ; Boston Highlands (or Roxbury), on the south, a hilly region of 15 homes, with 20 churches ; Dorchester, farther south, a rural district of far-viewing and picturesque hills, villas, and gardens ; West Roxbury, including the handsome village of Jamaica Plain, Brook Farm, and the great Franklin Park of 500 acres ; and Brighton, a finely diversified district to the westward, between Brookline and Newton, with the great fifty-acre, million-dollar Abat- toir, and on the opposite side of the Charles River from the United- States Arsenal at Watertown. These suburban wards are intimately connected with the city proper by street-cars and railways. The streets in the older part of the city are picturesquely irregu- lar, oftentimes narrow and winding, bordered by many houses of historic interest, and traversed by a continuous tide of traffic. Many millions have been spent during the last twenty years in widening and straightening them. In the more modern parts of the city, — the Back Bay and the South End, — the streets are generally broad, straight, and well paved, and present a pleasing regularity and sym- metry. Vast sums are expended annually in keeping the city's thoroughfares clean and neat. Washington Street is the chief street, and meanders in long curves from the North End to Roxbury, traversing the region of retail business. Tremont Street runs along one side of the Common, passing from Scollay Square and the foot of Beacon Hill to Roxbury and Brookline, and containing many attractive stores. The cross- streets connecting these two — Temple Place, Winter Street, etc. — also are occupied by retail shops, where a large business is done. State Street, running from Washington Street to the harbor, is largely devoted to banks and other financial institutions, and is the Wall Street of New England. The wholesale business district is included between Washington, Beach, and Hanover Streets, and the harbor. In Pearl, High, and Purchase Streets, and around the ancient Church Green, is the boot and shoe district. On and near Summer Street are the great wholesale dry-goods houses. Atlantic Avenue, a noble thoroughfare, 100 feet wide, and built at a cost of $2,500,000, runs along the heads of the wharves, and is the seat of much of the shipping interest. Commonwealth Avenue is one of the finest residence streets in the world, 250 feet wide and a mile and a half long, running from the Public Garden to the Back-Bay Park, idorned with trees and i6 statues, and bordered by handsome liouses. The real-estate valua- tion of tliis Back-Bay district, thirty years ago covered with tide water, is over $75,000,000. Boston Harbor and its connected bays cover 75 square miles, and contain dozens of islands, three strong forts, and three light- houses. It is sheltered from the sea by the long Nantasket Beach, and overlooked on the south-west by the stately Blue Hills of Milton. During the summer, steamboats ply up and down every hour or so, giving opportunities to visit the charming marine suburbs of Gloucester, Nahant, Winthrop, Hull, Hingham, Nantasket, Plymouth, and Provincetown. PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND HISTORIC LOCALITIES. The Public Buildings of Boston are valued at about $30,000,000, the schools alone representing $8,500,000. The Post Office is on Devonshire Street and Post-Office Square, between Water and Milk Streets. Open 7.30 A.M. to 7.30 P.M.; on Sun- days, 9 to 10 A.M. The corner-stone of the present magnificent edifice was laid Oct. 16, 187 1. The building is in the Renaissance style, and of Cape-Ann granite. It cost about $6,000,000. The United-States Sub- Treasury occupies most of the second floor. The rooms here ae very richly furnished, the doors and window-sashes being of solid mahogany. The United-States Courts are also held in this building, and here are the pen- sion and internal revenue offices. Visitors are admitted free. The Custom House, at the corner of State and India Streets, is a massive fire-proof granite building, in the Doric style, in the form of a Greek cross. It was erected 1837-47, at a cost of $1,000,000. The roof and dome are of granite, with thirty-two fluted Doric granite columns of forty- two tons each. There is a great Corinthian rotunda inside. The building rests on a granite platform, on 3,000 piles. It is open from 9 to 3. Visitors are admitted free. Fort Independence, on Castle Island, off South Boston, is the oldest virgin fortress in the world. Defences were raised here in 1634. The large fort now on this site is garrisoned only by a sergeant. Fort Warren, at the mouth of the harbor, 7 n.iles from Boston, was built 1S33-50, and is a powerful work of granite and earth, mounting 400 guns and garrisoned by two companies of United-States artillery. Fort Winthrop, on Governor's Island, near the city, is an extensive ear hwork, with a granite citadel, armed with heavy Parrott guns. i8 The United-States Navy-Yard is on Water Street, Charlestown, at the confluence of the Mystic and Charles Rivers. It covers 87J acres, and is surrounded by a high granite wall, with sea-wall and water-front of i^ miles. There are 69 buildings, and a hammered-granite dry-dock, 370 feet long, built 1827-33, at a cost of $994,000. The granite rope-walk, 1,361 feet long,, is one of the best in the world. See also the receiving ship IVa- kask, museum and naval institute, timber-sheds, immense machine-shops, magazines, marine barracks, storehouses, ofificers' quarters, parks of heavy guns, trophies, saluting battery of 30 guns, etc. 30 ships-of-war have been built here. The old line-of-battle ship Wabash lies off the yard as a re- ceiving ship. Visitors are admitted. The State House, erected in 1795, stands on the summit of Beacon Hill, at the head of the Common. Ascendirg a lofty flight of steps, the visitor enters Doric Hall, where are the marble statues of Washington, by Chantrey, and Governor Andrew, by Ball, surrounded by the battle-flags of the Massachusetts regiments; also, busts of Samuel Adams, Abraham Lin- coln, Vice-President Henry Wilson, and Senator Charles Sumner. On this floor are also the offices of the Secretary of State, Treasurer, Auditor, Tax Commissioner, and Adjutant-General. A flight of steps leads to the State Library. On the second floor are the chambers of the Senate, the House of Representatives, the E.xecutive Council, and the Governor. From the cupola, a superb panorama of the city, harbor, and suburbs, spread out like a map, may be seen. This is always open to visitors (free), except during the session of the Legislature. To the gilded dome Oliver Wendell Holmes has given the name of "the hub of the solar system." Visitors are ad- mitted free. The Soldiers' Home is on Powder-Horn Hill, Chelsea, commanding a magnificent view over the city, harbor, and sea, and the Essex hills. It is occupied by disabled Massachusetts veterans. The Suffolk County Court-House, built in 1836 of sombre granite, is a dark, gloomy, and inconvenient public building, on Court Street, back of the City Hall. A riot occurred here in 1854, when the citizens tried to set free Anthony Burns, a cai)tured slave. The Suffolk-County Jail is on Charles Street, near the river, built in 1 851, at a cost of $450,000. It is of dark granite, in the form of a Greek cross, with guard-room in centre, and sheriff's residence in west wing. The City Hall is a handsome granite Renaissance building on School Street, erected in 1862-65, and fireproof. It cost $500,000. In front are statues of Franklin and Quincy. Visitors admitted free. The City Hospital is on Harrison Avenue, between Concord and Springfield Streets. Beds for 375 patients, who are provided for free, if 19 unable to pay. The buildings were begun in 1864, and cost over $600,000. An imposing group, with high dome and colonnades. The Massachusetts General Hospital (founded 1799) is on McLean Street, near the bank of Charles River. It is the oldest but one, and one of the most completely organized hospitals in the country. Patients who can pay do so, but there is a large number of free beds. The staff of physicians and surgeons includes some of the most eminent members of the profession. Anaesthesia was first introduced to the world at this hospital. It is an antique Chelmsford-granite building, with modern pavilion wards. Faneuil Hall, "The Cradle of Liberty," was built and given to the town in 1740 by Peter Faneuil. It was burned in 1761, and rebuilt, and in 1805 enlarged and improved. During the siege, the British officers used the hall as a theatre. The hall, 78 feet square and 28 in height, witnessed the most stirring scenes in the days preceding the Revolution. Its walls rang with the appeals of the great leaders of that day, and later with the voices of Daniel Webster, Charles Sumner, Louis Kossuth, and others. It contains portraits of Faneuil, Hancock, Warren, Preble, Everett, Andrew, the Adamses, Lincoln, Washington, etc., and the great painting of "Webster replying to Hayne." Above the main hall is the armory of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, with its collection of curiosities ; and below is a market. No building more richly repays a visit. Visitors are admitted free from 9 to 5 daily. The Old South Church was erected in 1730. It is at Washington and Milk Streets, and is a famous building in connection with the history of the Revolution. Here, Joseph Warren delivered his oration on the massacre of March 5, 1770; and many of the stirring meetings of that time were held within its walls. Afterward, it was occupied as a riding-school by the British troops. The annual election sermons were preached here before the Governor and General Court, who attended in state for 160 years. The Old South Society worshipped here from 1669 to 1S72, with a few interruptions. Immense efforts have been made to save the old historic church from de- struction. It cost $430,000. It contains a large museum of rare colonial and Revolutionary relics, and is open from 9 to 6 daily. (25 cents.) The Old State House is on Washington Street, at the head of State Street, which passes on either side. It was built in 1748, on the site of the town-house. The old council-chambers have lately been restored, and serve as a museum. Open free daily, from 9.30 to 5.30. Its history, deeply inter- esting and varied, is recorded on tablets. No building in the city surpasses it in historical associations. It is a good specimen of the architecture of the provincial period ; and the great carved lion and unicorn, removed when the Revolution bioke out, have lately been replaced on its gables. The Old Corner Bookstore, corner of Washington and Schooi Streets, was built about 1712, by Mr. Crease, apothecary. From 1817 to 1828, it was the apothecary shop of Dr. Samuel Clarke, father of Rev. James Freeman Clarke. It has since been occupied by well-known publish- ers, such as Ticknor & Co., Ticknor Sc Fields, E. P. Dutton, A. Williams & Co., and Cupples, Upham & Co. It has always been a resort of authors. The Province House, built by an opulent London merchant in 1677- 79, was bought by the Province in 17 16, and afterward became the mansion of the royal governors, Shute, Burnett, Shirley, Pownall, Bernard, Gage, and Howe. Thismagnifi:ent old building was burnt out in 1864; and the present Province House, in the rear of 325 Washington Street, was built inside its massive old walls. The Hancock House, the oldest inn in Baston, is in Corn Court, near Faneuil Ila'.I. Talleyrand and Louis Philippe dwelt here during the French Reign of Terror. Boston Stone (on Marshall Street, near Hanover Street) is a large round stone in the wall, marked "Boston Stone, 1737," originally a paint mill, and for over a century a famous landmark. The North End is the part of the city toward Charlestown, once the "Court end" of the town. The district is rather quaint and old-fashioned, with gambrel roofs, hip roofs, and other colonial relics. It is now occupied by people of foreign descent. Of the 16,904 inhabitants in the North End, 15,302 are of foreign parentage, and 7,577 of foreign brth. Copp's Hill is one of the three original hills of Boston, now rising from the poor but historic quarter of the North Exl. The wind-mill on top was removed before 1660, and replaced by a gravej'ard, which still remains, with scores of quaint old tombs, including those of the Mathers. The British built a redoubt here in 1775, from which they fired the hot shot that burnt Charlestown. Fort Hill, a circular enclosure on Oliver Street, was once the site of a hill So feet high, bearing on its top mansions, noble elms, and a park or mall. It was fortified in the early days of the colony ; and, in the defences here. Sir Edmund Andros took refuge from the insurrectionary Bostonians. It was levelled in 1S69-71. Beacon Hill, one of the three ancient hills of Boston, now much reduced in height, was once crowned by a beacon, which was fired to give notice to the country of danger. It had three peak?, — Centry Hill, Mount Vernon, and Pemberton Hill, — whence the name Tri-mountaine, once given to Boston. The West End is that part of the city between Beacon, Green, and I^verett Streets, and has always had a mixed population of the very wealthiest and the most humble citizens. Park Street was laid out about 17S0. Fifty years ago, the leading families of Boston — Dr. Warren, Josiah Quincy, Jr., Judge Artemas Ward, Abbott Lawrence, etc. — lived here. Spring Lane is a narrow alley from Washington Street to the Post- Office. Here was the Great Spring, whose water was highly prized in colonial Boston; and Governor John Winthrop lived on the south side. Historical Places : Franklin's birthplace. Milk, near Washington, on the site now occupied by Boston Post ; Webster's home, 138 Summer Street, on the site now occupied by Claflin, Coburn & Co. See also Christ Church, King's Chapel, Boston Common, Granary Burial-ground, Old Corner Bookstore, Bunker-Hill Monument, etc. Tea Party (Boston). — In 1773 (Dec. 16), 7,000 Bostonians met to demand that the ships in port which had brought over taxed tea should be sent away, with their cargoes. Failing to bring this about, 70 or more of them, disguised as Mohawk Indians, boarded the ships at night, and emptied 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor. This scene took place at Griffin's Wharf (now called Liverpool Wharf), at the foot of Pearl Street, and about five minutes' walk eastward from the New -York & New-England depot, along Atlantic Avenue. Homes of Distinguished Men : — Aldrich (T. B.), 59 Mount Vernon Street ; Holmes (Oliver Wendell), 296 Beacon Street; Howells (W. D ), 303 Beacon Street; Parkman (Fran- cis), 50 Chestnut Street ; Phillips (Wendell), 37 Common Street; Prescott (William II), 55 Beacon Street; Ticknor (George), Park and Beacon Streets; Sumner (Charles), 20 Hancock Street; Whipple (Edwin P.), 11 Pinckney Street; Booth (Edwin), 29 Chestnut Street. MUSEUMS AND LIBRARIES, ETC. The Museum of Fine Arts is the principal art collection in New England. It embraces the gallery of paintings and sculpture formerly in the Boston Athenaeum; the Gray collection of engravings; and the Way collection of Egyptian antiquities. Here are schools of drawing, modelling, and wood-carving. The building is unique and attractive, in its Italian- Gothic architecture. Open daily, 12 to 5 o'clock. Admission, 25 cent?. Saturdays and Sundays (i to 5 o'clock), free. Catalogues, 25 cents. The building is on Copley Square. It contains hundreds of casts from classic sculptures; Etruscan and Phoenician vases; Saracenic architecture; statuary by Crawford and Greenough; casts of the Ghiberti gates; Majolica and Delia Robbia ware, etc. Missionary Museum, Beacon and Somerset Streets. Open free. The Boston Society of Natural History is at the corner of Berkeley and Boylston Streets. The society publishes scientific memoirs and pro- vides lecture courses. It has a library of 15,000 volumes and 6,000 pam- phlets. The museum is large and full, especially in the bird section. Free to the public Wednesdays and Saturdays, from 10 t:) 5 o'clock. Open or other days from 10 to 5 o'clock, 25 cents. It is a handsome brick building, with Corinthian columns and carvings of sandstone. The Warren Museum of Natural History is at 82 Chestnut Street. A fire-proof building, containing a huge mastodon skeleton; Peruvian mummies; casts of immense eggs ; the head, brain, and heart of Spurzheim, etc. Apply to Dr. J. Collins Warren, 58 Beacon Street. Art Collections. — Art Club, frequent exhibitions, by ticket; Paint and Clay Club, exhibitions in winter; Public Library; Boston Athenaeum; Studio Building; historical paintings in Faneuil Hall and Boston Museum; sales galleries of Williams & Everett, 79 Boylston Street ; John A. Lowell & Co., 147 Frankhn Street ; Doll e^ Richards, 2 Park Street ; Noyes, Cobb & Co. corner Park Square and Boylston Street; J. Eastman Chase, 7 Hamilton Place; Jones, McDuffee & Stratton's porcelain galleries (take elevator), corner of Federal and Franklin Streets; Bigelow, Kennard & Co.'s, 511 Washington Street; Garey's (plaster). Province Court. Househo!d Art Rooms. — 44 Boylston Street, next to Public Library. Open free. Here the famous Low tiles are shown. Agassiz Museum. — Cambridge. Natural-History Collection. 9 to 5. Sundays, i to 5, free. Peabody Museum. — Cambridge. Collection of Archaeology and Ethnology. Open fiom 9 to 5, free. Boston Museum. — 28 Tremont Street. Historical paintings; Natural- History collections; wax works. Open from 8 A.M. to 10 P.M. 30 cents. Cyclorama Building. — 541 Tremont Street. Panorama of the Battle of Gettysburg. Open from 9 A.M. to 11 P.M. 50 cents. Institution for the Blind. — 553 East Broadway, South Boston. Thursdays, 11 to i. 15 cents. Boston Terra-Cotta Works. — 394 Federal Street. Robinson's Pottery. — Willow and Marginal Streets, Chelsea. American Metric Bureau and Museum. — 146 Franklin Street. Women's Educational and Industrial Union Rooms. — 98 Boylston Street. Library; Reading-room; Wom.en's Exchange. Society of Decorative Art. — 8 Park Square. Open from 10 to 5, free. Harvard University. — Cambridge. Library in Gore Hall ; Agassiz Museum; Peabody Museum; Hemenway Gymnasium; New Law School; 24 Jefferson Laboratory; Botanic Gardens ; Memorial Hall; Massjchusetts Hall. (Buy King's Harvard audits Surroundings, $i.oo.) The Boston Public Library is the largest library in America, con- taining now about 500,000 volumes, besides 275,000 pamphlets. It was begun in 1S52; and, by the munificence of individuals, — especially of Joshua Bates, of London, who gave $100,000 for the purchase of books, and of the city, which makes an annual appropriation of about 5^115,000, — it has rapidly attained its present size. The building on Boylston Street, near the corner of Tremont, erected in 1858, at a cost of $365,000, is inadequate, and a new edifice is being built on land given by the State, at Copley Square. The Library is open to every one for consultation, and to residents of Bos- ton who register tneir names for the purpose of taking books to their homes. The annual circulation is over 1,000,000 volumes. On the lower floor is the Reading-room (open from 9 o'clock till 10), ard on Sundays, sup- plied with the leading periodicals ; the Art-room (open from 9 o'clock till 6), containing pictures, engravings, and statues, with the immense silver vase presented to Daniel Webster; and the Lower Hall, the popular department (open from 9 o'clock till 9). Above is the magnificent Bates Hall (open from 9 till dark), containing the main library and the more solid books. Boston Athenaeum, \o\ Beacon Street, library rooms adorned with paintings and statuary. 150,000 volumes, including the library of George Washington (4,000 volumes). Founded 1804, and belonging to 1,049 share- holders. Handsome brown-stone building, in Italian architecture. Open daily. C. A. Cutter is librarian. The Boston Library was incorporated in 1794. It has 25,000 books. It is at 18 Boylston Place. The Massachusetts Historical Society, at 30 Tremont Street, has 28,000 volumes and 60,000 pamphlets, besides manuscripts, relics, etc., of historic interest (visitors admitted free). It is the oldest historical society in America (founded 1791), and has published 34 volumes. In the museum are many ancient weapons, flags, portraits, etc. The New-England Historic-Genealogical Society, at 18 Somerset Street, was founded in 1844. Library of 18,000 books and 70,000 pam- phlets, and many rare engravings (open to visitors free from 9 A.M. to 5 P.M., Saturdays from 9 to 2). Many very rare books and MSS. John Ward Dean is librarian. Libraries: American Academy of Arts and Sciences; American Bap- tist Home Missionary Society; American Statistical Association, 6,000; Boston Medical Library, 12,000; Boston Society of Natural History, 20,000; Boston University, Law, 6,000; Boston University, Medical, 2,000; Boston University, Theological, 5,000; Boston Y. M. C. A., 6,000; Boston Y. M. C. U., 6,000; Bos'on Y. W. C. A., 4,000; Congregational (corner Beacon and Somerset Streets); General J'heological, 13,000; Handel and Haydn Society, 6,000. Massachusetts Horticultural Society, 4,000; Massa- chusetts New Church; Museum of Fine Arts, 3,000; Roxbury Athenaeum; Social Law, 16,000; State, 50,000 (in State House). COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. Harvard University has property valued at upwards of $6,000,000, and its annual income is about $600,000. There are 1,600 students and 200 instructors. The chief departments are as follows : In Cambridge, Har- vard College, Jefferson Laboratory, Lawrence Scientific School, new Law School, Divinity School, Harvard Library, Botanic Garden, Observatory, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Agassiz Museum, Hcmenway Gymnasium, and Memorial Hall. In Boston, the Harvard Medical School, Harvard Dental School at 50 Allen Street, and the Bussey Institution, a school of agriculture at Jamaica Plain. Any of the departments may be visited without cost, by application to the persons in charge. The Harvard Library is the third largest in the United States, and contains about 250,000 books and many pamphlets. The college was founded in 163S, and aided by a bequest from the Rev. John Harvard. The first brick building was Indian College, where the Indian Bible was printed. In 1775-76, the buildings w;ere used by Con- gress, and as barracks. The oldest of the 40 existing buildings are Mas- sachusetts Hall, 1720; Holden Chapel, 1744; and Hollis Hall, 1763. Boston University has its office and headquarters on Somerset Street, near Beacon Street. The University embraces a College of Liberal Arts, Somerset Street; College of Music, New-England Conservatory of Music; College of Agriculture, Amherst, Mass. ; School of Theology, 36 Bromfield Street; School of Law, Ashburton Place; School of Medicine, East Con- cord Street; School of all Sciences, Somerset Street. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is oh Boylston Street, near Clarendon Street. It is partly endowed by the State. One of the best scientific colleges in America, with noble buildings and collections, 70 pro- fessors and 700 students. The Latin School (founded in 1633) was the first school in the American colonies. In 1636, Rev. Daniel Maude, of Emmanuel College, became master. The rents of the harbor islands were granted for its sup- port, and Indian children were educated gratis. The English-High School was founded in 1821. It is "a school of singular excellence," and has thousands of graduates. The English-High 26 and Latin Schools occupy a magnificent building on Montgomery Street, at the South End, erected at a cost of $750,000. (See page 9.) The Girls' High School is on Newton Street, and has a very fine building, with 500 students. The large hall is adorned with statuary. Boston College, on Harrison Avenue and Concord Street, is con- duced by Jesuit Fathers. It has 16 professors and 200 students. Tufts College, opened in 1854, is a Universalist institution, situated on College Hill, Medford. It has a classical course of 4 years, a 4 years' course for the degree of Ph.D., a 3 years' engineering course, and a course in theology. Its chapel has a beautiful Lombard campanile. Wellesley College, on Lake Waban, in Wellesley, 15 miles from Boston, has the finest building in the world devoted to the education of women. The college was opened in 1S75, and has 300 students. It has a library of 20,000 volumes. It has six distinct courses of study, and receives students from nearly every State in the Union. The grounds are very beautiful. The New-England Conservatory of Music, established in 1867. In 1882, Eben Tourjee bought the immense St. James Hotel, fronting on the pretty Franklin Square ; and here he has establ'shed a magnificent col- lege of music, with nearly 100 teachers, such as Zerrahn, Whitney, Maas, Adamowski, Apthorp, Whiting, Orth^ De Seve, Bendix, and others, and courses of study in all departments of music, art, etc. There are rooms for more than 500 women students. The Massachusetts Normal Art-School, at Newbury and Exeter Streets, was established in 1873, ^O"" qualifying teachers of industrial drawing. Lasell Female Seminary is a famous boarding-school at Auburndale, on the Boston and Albany Railroad. Prince School. — Exeter and Newbury Streets. Genesee-Street Primary School. — Genesee Street. Public Kindergarten — 20,ooo. The Roxbury Soldiers' Monument is in Forest-Hills Cemetery. Designed by Martin Milmore, and cast at (^licopee, Mass. PARKS AND SQUARES. Boston Common was laid out before 1640 as a "trayning field, and for the feeding of cattle," and fenced in 1734. Here stood the granary, almshouse, gunhouse, whipping-post and pillory. In 1775-76, the Common was a fortified camp, with strong batteries garrisoned liy 1,700 British soWiers. The forces for the attack on Louisburg assembled here in 1745. Lord Amherst's British Army, the flower of Marlborough's veterans, encamped here before advancing to the conquest of Canada^ in 1759; ancl in 1861-62 many regiments of volunteers paraded here before departing for the embattled South. The Common covers 4SJ acres, and is enriched by numerous lines of grand old trees, the famous "malls." Here are given band concerts and out-door ])reaching on summer Sunday afternoons. The Common contains the Brewer Fountain, Frog Pond, Coggswell Fountain, 31 Central Burying-ground, and a spacious parade-ground. In 1836, the present iron fence, 5,933 feet long, was erected. For many years, the Common was used as pasture-ground for cows ; but, of late 3 ear?, no pains or expense have been spared to bsautify and decorate these grounds, which are the daily resort of thousands. A noble fountain sometimes sends up a lofty jet of water in the Frog Pond. Charles Street divides it from the Public Garden. Near Beacon Street is the Army a-d Navy Monument. The Tremont-Street Mall was planted in 1728, 1734, ar,d 1785; the Beacon- Street Mall, in 1815; the Charles-Street Mall, in 1823-24; the Park-Street Mall, in 1826; the Boylston-Street Mall, in 1S36. The Ridge Path leads from Park Square to West Street. There are 1,300 trees on the C mmon, more than half of which are maples, with many lindens ':ulip-trees, syca- mores, oaks, aspen.=, etc. The Old Elm, more ancient tnan Boston, was blown down in 1876; and its site, surrounded by an iron fence, is occupied by a young descendant. The Public Garden, west of the Common, is a delightful place to take a stroll, and to enjoy nature. Twenty-four acres of grass, flowers, and lake, make this a most delightful resort. It was formerly marsh-lands, and one hundred years agT was occupied by rope-makers. In 1859, it was officially set aside for its present uses. Here are the Venus fountain, the Ether monument, and the Washington, Everett, and Sumner statues. There are many pleasure-boats for hire on the pond. The Back-Bay Park covers over one hundred acres, and is being rapidly put in order. It will have noble bridge?, sedge-meadows, driveways and ponds. It is on made land, beyond West Chester Park, and has cost about ;^ 1, 000,000. The Charles-River Embankment is a part of the new park system, designed to open a long water-park of sixty-nine acres between Beacon Street and the river. The opposite shore, one hundred and fifty acres of flats and high marsh, is in Cambridge. Measures were taken in 1S80 by the owners to develop it for residences. Franklin Park is a tract of five hundred acres, between Jamaica Plain and Dorchester, a very picturesque region of hill and dale, meadow and woodland, — the resort of countless picnic parties; grounds for base-ball, lawn tennis, and croquet. It was opened in May, 1883. The Arnold Arboretum. — The city has completed arrangements with Harvard College by which forty-four acres of land near Forest-Hills station, known as the Arnold Arboretum, has been converted into a park, reservations being made to secure certain privileges to Harvard College. Copley Square is between Trinity Church, the Museum of Fine Arts, the New Old South Church, and other superb buildings on the B.ck Bay. Chester Park and Square, at the South End, were laid out in 1850; and West Chester Park, 90 feet wide, running thence to Beacon Street, was laid out i:i 1S73. The Square contains a pretty park of i^ acres, with trees, shrubbery, seats, and a fountain. Franklin Square, on Washington Street, between E. Brookline and E. Newton Streets, is planted with shade trees, and has a fountain. The New-England Conservatory of Music fronts on it. Pemberton Square was once a hill, owned by Rev. John Cotton, who came over in 1633. The estate was occupied by Sir Harry Vane in 1635-37, and afterward by Chief Justice Samuel Sewall and Earl Percy. It was the manor of Gardiner Greene, who married Lord Lyndhurst's sister; and is described in Cooper's Lionel Lincoln. The hill was covered with terraces and gardens; and around it lived Robert C. Winthrop, John A. Lowell, Ebenezer Francis, and other nabobs. Latterly, the square has been given up to offices, and abounds in lawyers. Louisburg Square, on the west slope of Beacon Hill, is on the site of Blackstone's garden, and commemorates the capture of the great French fortress of Louisburg by Massachusetts troops, in 1745 It contains marble statues of Aristides and Columbus, presented to Boston in 1S49 t)y Joseph lasigi. Ancient brick dwellings surround it. North Square is between North and Moon Streets, at the North End. It was once the seat of the town-pump, the church of the Mathers, the aristocratic families, the town market, the Red-Lion Inn, the colonial custom-house, Paul Revere's house, etc. It is now a shabby triangle, front- ing on which are the Mariners' House and Bethel. Dock Square was in early days the site of the Town Dock. It is the site of Fancuil Hall. In the conscription riots of 1S63, a furious mob was stopped here by the police. Scollay Square is a large space, made by the removal (in 187 1) of Scollay's Building and a block of buildings between Court and Tremont Streets. It is the starting-point for many of the horse-railroad lines, and nearly all of them pass through it. Bowdoin Square, the terminus of Court, Cambridge, and Green Streets, is the point of departure by street-cars for Cambridge, Brighton, Watertown, Arlington, East Cambridge, Cambridgeport, Somcrville, etc. Brattle Square is a narrow street leading from Brattle Street to Elm Street, the site of the church taken down in 187 1, which bore in its wall a cannon-ball thrown there in the Revolutionary War. The church was a fine specimen of old English church architecture. It was a British barrack during the siege. Palfrey and Everett preached here. Independence Square is a pleasant park in South Boston, on Broad- way. It contains 6^ acres, and commands an extensive view of the harbor. Gardens, etc. : Botanic Gardens, Cambridge, open daily. Arnold Arboretum, Forest Hills. The Hayes Estate, Lexington. T. W. Walker and Theodore Lyman, Waltham. H. H. Hunnewell, South Natick (coach from Wellesley). B. P. Cheney, Dover (coaches from Wellesley). W. E. Baker, Wellesley. S. R. Payson, and the Pratt and Adams Estates, Water- t:iwn. J. F. C. Hyde, Newton. The Lyman, Winthrop, Perkins and Sargent Estates, Brookline. W. C. Strong, Nonantum-Hill Nurseries, Brighton. Hovey & Co., Cambridge Nurseries. Marshall P. Wilder, J. Richardson, and the Downer Estate, Dorchester. Francis Parkman and the Curtis Esfate, Jamaica Plain. CEMETERIES. Mount Auburn is one of the finest cemeteries in the world. It was consecrated in 1831, and was the first one established on the landscape lawn plan. There are 30 miles of avenues and paths. The Sphinx, the chapel (with its costly statues), and the tower are points of interest. Among the tombs of illustrious authors, statesmen, etc., to be seen there are those of Longfellow, Sumner, Everett, Agassiz, Charlotte Cushman, Channing, Choate, Bowditch, Fanny Fern, etc. It is about one mile west of Harvard University. Forest-Hills Cemetery, near Jamaica Plain, was dedicated in 1848. It is full of picturesque scenery of hills and dells. There are several lakes. The cemetery contains the tomb of General Joseph Warren, the hero of Bunker Hill; also of General Dearborn and Admiral Winslow; and the Roxbury Soldiers' Monument. It has a noble Gothic gateway and an im- pressive receiving-tomb. The King's-Chapel Burying-ground, on Tremont Street, founded 1630, contains the remains of Governor John Winthrop and his two sons (both governors of Connecticut), Governor Shirley, Lady Andros, John Cot- ton, Roger Clap, and other dignitaries. The Old Granary Burying-ground, between Park-Street Church and the Tremont House, contains the graves of Governors Bellingham, Dummer, Hancock, Adams, Bowdoin, Eustis, and Sumner, Peter Far.euil, Paul Revere, Samuel Sewall, Robert Treat Paine, Franklin's parents, the victims of the Boston Massacre, and many other ancient notables. The Roxbury Burying-ground, at Washington and Eustis Streets, contains tombs of old colonial governors, the Dudleys, and Warrens ; also of the Apostle Eliot. The cemetery was established m 1633. The Dorchester Burying-ground, on Stoughton Street, was founded before 1634, and has many very ancient tombstones. Among its dead are Richard Mather, Chief Justice Stoughton (died 1701), and General Hum- phrey Atherton (died 1661). 34 Mount-Hope Cemetery, at West Roxbury, contains io6| acres, beautifully laid out. It contains a soldiers' monument, erected by Boston, and a monument of heavy cannon, erected by the G. A. R. Copp's-Hill Burying-ground, Charter Street, near Salem Street. (Buy MacDonald's Old Copfs-Hill and Burial Ground, price 25 cents.) THEATRES AND AMUSEMENTS. The Boston Theatre, 539 Washington Street, is the largest, most sub- stantial, and elegant theatre in the United States. It seats 3,017. It has a capacity for producing the grandest effects on the largest scale, and pre- sents excellent performances at all times. The leading actors, the most successful opera companies, and the best combination companies appear here. The Boston Museum is an ancient theatre, much liked by play- goers. It is on Tremont Street, near Scollay Square. The front is orna- mented with rows of gas-jets, which, when lighted at night, give i : a brilliant air. The Globe Theatre has a very handsome auditorium, with 2,200 seats. It is on Washington Street, near Essex Street. The Gaiety and Bijou Theatre is at 545 Washington Street. It seats 900, and has electric lights, velvet curtains, Oriental architecture, rich arabesques, and frescoes by famous artists, etc. The Park Theatre is a beautiful house, at 619 Washington Street, near Essex Street. Many of the best stock companies play here. The HoUis-Street Theatre, opened in 1S85, seats 1,600, and is one of the most complete of Boston play-houses. The Howard Athenaeum, founded 1S45, ^^^^ once the leading theatre of Boston. In 1S6S, it became (and still remams) the chief variety theatre. Grand Opera House, Washington Street, above Dover Street. New 188S. Seats 2,800. Tremont Theatre. 176 Tremont Street. New 1889. Seats 2,600. Oakland Garden, on Blue-Hill Avenue, near Grove Hall, Dorchester, is a summer theatre and garden much frequented during the evenings of the hot months. Here are also swings, croquet, and lawn tennis. Music Hall, near Tremont and Winter Streets, was built in 1852. It has a graceful and imposing interior, with 2,600 sitings. Hundreds of grand concerts and oratorios have been given here. A noble bronze statue of I'eethoven, by Crawford, is a chief ornament. The hall also contains marble Ijusts of I'alestrina, Mozart, Beethoven, Gluck, and Mendelssohn. Cyclorama of Gettysburg, 541 Tremont Street. The Boston Base-Ball Grounds arc otf Walpole Street, Tremont Street, .'-^4^)uth End. The "Brotherhood" Base-Ball Grounds are at the foot of Congress Street. ()|>ened A]>ril, 1S90. Winslow's Skating Rink, corner Clarendon Street and St. James Ave. 35 The Turnhalle, 29 Middlesex Street, head-quarters of the Turners, has a pretty Httle theatre, where many German plays are performed. Mechanics' Hall, in the magnificent building of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, on Huntington Avenue, seats 8,000. Tremont Temple, 82 Tremont Street, concerts, lectures, etc. Chickering Hall, 151 Tremont Street, concerts, lectures, etc. CLUBS. The Algonquin Club, founded in 1SS5, is one of the most fashionable of the clubs. Its house is on the Back Bay, at 217 Commonwealth Avenue. The Somerset Club (organized in 1852) occupies a richly fitted house on Beacon Street, opposite the Common (on the site of Copley's house, and once the home of David Sears). The Union Club (founded 1863, to support the National Union) occu- pies Abbott Lawrence's old mansion, on Park Street, facing the Common. Excellent table cPhote, library, and pictures. Now a purely social club, dig- nified and respectable. The St. Botolph Club is a literary and artistic club of highest social standing, with rooms at 85 Boylston Street, opposite Public Garden. The Central Club is asocial club, with 150 members. Comfortable club-house, with parlors, billiard-room, card, reading, smoking, and com- mittee rooms, at 64 Boylston Street, opposite the Common. The Puritan Club has a fine old building on Mount-Vernon Street. The Temple Club is at 35 West Street. A small social club, with commodious rooms and a choice art collection. The Suffolk Club has rooms at 4^ Beacon Street. A social organiza- tion, including many Democratic leaders. The Woman's Club at 4 Park Street holds weekly meetings for read- ing and discussion, and receptions, and teas to distinguished guests. The Boston Art Club has exhibitions of paintings and sculpture in the winter and spring, admission through members. Its handsome new Romanesque building of brick and brown-stone, with hexagonal tower, and rich parlors and galleries, is at Dartmouth and Newbury Streets. The Athletic Association Building is at corner of Exeter Street and St. James Avenue. Unequalled in its construction and appointments. The Masonic Temple is an imposing granite building, corner of Tremont and Boylston Streets, the head-quarters of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, where are gathered most local Masonic organizations of the city proper. It is 7 stories high, with towers 120 feet high, and Corinthian, Egyptian, and Gothic halls, sumptuously equipped. Odd Fellows' Hall is an imposing granite building corner of Berkeley and Tremont Streets, containing the rooms of the Grand Lodge and others 36 Horticultural Hall, at loi Tremont Street, is a handsome Concord- granite building, wth statues of Flora, Ceres, and Pomona. It has two beautiful halls, adorned with portraits, and a library. Magnificent shows of roses, azaleas, rhododendrons, etc., are presented here at intervals. THE CHIEF CHURCHES. The Congregationalists have 31 churches and chapels. About sever.t}' years ago, all their churches (save three) became Unitarian : the present ones are modern. It has 6 missionary societies here, and a popular Con- gregational club of 350 members, founded in 1S69. The Congregational House, at the corner of lieacon and Somerset Streets, contains the Congregational Library (28,000 volumes), the ,Congre- gational Publishing Society, and offices of the Co7igregationalist and of most societies supported by Congregational churches. Park-Street Church, built in iSio, stands at the head of the Common, at the corner of Tremont and Park Streets. Its lofty spire is conspicuous in every view of the city. Rev. Dr. David Gregg is pastor. The Central Church, Berkeley and Newbury Streets, was founded in 1S35, and in 1867 occupied this handsome little cathedral cf Ro.xbury stone, with a stone spire 236 feet high. The Shawnaut Congregational Church, at Tremont and Brockline Streets, South End, was founded in 1S45. The present massive brick church, with a tall campanile and rich interior, was built 1863-64. Edwin B. Webb, D.D., was pastor from 1S60 to 1SS5. The Mount-Vernon Church is on Ashburton Place, Beacon Hill. It was formed in 1842, and ministsred to for 32 years by Rev. Dr. E. N. Kirk. Dwight L. Moody was converted here. The Chinese Sundiy-school meets here. The Berkeley- Street Church was founded in 1827, and has a plain but very large church. Pastor, Rev. Charles A. Dickinson. Austin Phelps and 11. j\I. Dexter were pastors from 1S42 to 1867. The New Old South Church is a magnificent structure, rear Copley Square, in North-Italian Gothic architecture reared at a cost of over half a million dollars, and famous for its fine stone carvings, rich stained win- dows, and other ornamentation. Rev. George A. Gordon, pastor. Unitarianism became a distinct sect about 1S19, under Dr. Channing's lead. There are now 30 churches of this sect in town. The American Unitarian Association is at 7 Tremont Place. It was founded in 1825, to help Unitarian churche?, school.^, and students, and publishes books. A magnificent new building — ihe Channing Memorial — has been erected as head-quarters, at Beacon and Bowdoin Streets. 38 The First Church was erected (with inud walls) near the head of State Street, in 1632. In 1713, a new church arose on the site cf the Rogers r.uilding. In 1808, it was demolished. The society now occupies a beauti- ful stone edifice, at the corner cf Marlborough and Berkeley Streets, and has rich stained windows and an organ imported from Europe. It was built in 186S, at a cost of $325,000. Rufus Ellis, D.D., was its pastor for many years, until 1S85. Stopford W. Brooke is now its pastor. King's Chapel, on Tremont Street, corner of School Street, is a massive stone edifice of dark granite, erected in 1749 on the si'.e of one bu'.lt in 16S9. Originally Episcopal, it was the church of the royal governors cf the Province, and the British army and navy officers. It afterwards (in 17S5) became Unitarian in faith, retaining the Episcopal form of service. In its interior, it resembles London churches built by Sir Christopher Wren, with rich chancel windows, many mural monuments, an antique pulpit, and rows of columns; and it is well worth visiting for that reason. Washington once attended an oratorio here. Henry W. Foote is its pastor. The Second Church, Copley Square, is a neat brown-stone building, with fine organ. It was founded 1649, '^^ North Square. Aming its pastors were Increase, Cotton, and Samuel Mather (1664-1723, 1685-1728, 1732-41), Henry Ware, Jr. (1817-30), Ralph Waldo Emerson (1829-32), Chandler Robbins (1S33-74), and Robert Laird Collier (1876-78). Edward A. Horton is its pastor. The South Congregational Church is on Newbury Street, at corner of Exeter Street. Founded 1827. Edward Everett Hale, D.I)., the famous author, has been its pastor since 1856. The Church of the Disciples, on Warren Avenue, at the South End, was founded in 1841 as a free social church, with a working laity. James Freeman Clarke was its pastor until 1888. Chas. G. Ames is now its pastor. The Arlington-Street Church, corner of Arlington and Boylston Streets, is a stately freestone edifice of the Christopher- Wren style. It has a fine chime of bells, and pertains to the society for forty years under Chan- ning's charge. Brooke Herford is now its pastor. The West Church, on Cambridge Street, is a venerable structure, where James Russell Lowell's father preached from 1806 to 1861. Cyrus A. Bartol was its pastor from 1837 to 18S9. The Church of the Unity, on West Newton Stree% at the South ImkI, has been ministe cd to by M. J. Savage since 1874. Episcopal Church. — The first society was founded here in 1686. It was nearly ruined by the Revolution, but ha» lately made great progress, and now has 25 churches and chapels. ICdward Bass, F).D., was bishop from 1797 to 1803; .Samuel Parker, D.D., 1803-04; A. V. Griswold, D.l)., 39 i8ii-43; Manton Eastburn, D.D., 1843-72. Benjamin H. Paddock, D.D., the present bishop, was consecrated in 1873. The Episcopal Church Asso- ciation has its rooms in Hamilton Place. Trinity Church, at the corner of Boylston and Clarendon Streets, Copley Square, is one of the most conspicuous objects in the Back Bay district. Its massive tower is 211 feet in height, and its architecture is imposing and unique. It is of dark Dedham granite and brown freestone, in the French Romanesque style, and is one cf the most costly and beautiful churches in America, rich in stained windows. La Farge's celebrated frescos, picturesque cloisters, etc. It cost $750,000. The society was formed in 1728, and this church was built in 1877. Phillips Brooks, the most elo- quent of Episcopal ministers, is its rector. It can be seen any week-day, except Saturday, from 9 to r. Sexton's bell at side-door. The Church of the Advent was founded in 1S44, with a spkndid ritual, early communion daily, and other Anglo-Catholic ideas. In 1864 it occupied Lyman Beecher's old church on Bowdoin Street, and in 1881 began services in its new and stately building on Brimmer Street. The Sunday morning (10.30 A.M.) service is famous for its beauty. Rev. William B. Frisby is rector. St. Paul's is a brown-stone church of Grecian architecture, on Tremont Street, near Winter. Organized 1820. A. H. Vinton was rector from 1842 to 1S59; W. W. Newton, 1877-82. Rev. John S. Lindsay, D.D., is now rector. The interior is very attractive. The external columns are of Acquia- Creek (Virginia) sandstone. Christ Church, on Salem Street, is the oldest church edifice in the city (built 1723). It has a sweet chime of bells, imported in 1744. From its steeple, Paul Revere's signal-lanterns were displayed on the eve of the battle of Lexington. The organ was given to the church in 1756; the communion-service was presented by King George II., in 1733; very quaint old chandeliers and cherubim, given in 1746; old-fashioned pulpit and pews ; antique paintings and mural monuments ; Vinegar Bible. There are 33 tombs under the church, with remains of worthy old Bosto- nians and British ofiftcers. W. II. Munroe is the rector. Emmanuel Church, on Newbury Stree% Back Bay, is a handsome Gothic church of Roxbury stone, with a wealthy parish. Leighton Parks is the rector. Roman CathoHcs.— First church organized 1790; Episcopal See formed 1808; cathedral built (on Franklin Street) 1813. In 1780 there were 100 Roman Catholics here; in i88o there were 150,000, with 30 churches, 10 parochial schools, 3 colleges, 9 asylums and hospitals, and 90 priests. The bishops have been John de Cheverus, 1810-25 (he died 40 cardinal-archbishop of Bordeaux) ; B. J. Fenwick, 1825-46; J. B. Fitzpatrick, 1S44-66; and J. J. Williams, consecrated 1866, and made archbishop in 1S75. Franciscans conduct the Italian church en Prince Street. Jesuits conduct Boston College, St. Mary's, Holy Trinity, and Immaculate Conception. Redemptorists conduct Church of Our Lady of Perpetual Help. The Cathedral of the Holy Cross is a noble edifice on Washington and Maiden Streets, in early English Gothic, with a clere-story supported by clustered metal pillars, an oaken roof, frescos, chapels, and a rich marble altar. It compares favorably in size with many European cathedral?, being 364 feet in length. The towers are to be surmounted with vast spires. It has a fine organ with 5,000 pipes, and .stained glass memorial windows of artistic beauty, magnificent high altar of marble and onyx. Dedicated in 1883. It seats 3,500. The Church of the Immaculate Conception is at Harrison Avenue and Concord Street, adjoining Boston College. It is a granite classic building, with Ionic colonnades in the nave, splendid sculptured altar, paintings, fine organ, and celebrated music. Jesuit Fathers conduct it. The Lutherans have six churches here, — Scandinavian and German. Zion's was formed in 1834 (Waltham Street and Shawmut Avenue). Im- manuel's (1869) is in East Boston, and Trinity (1S71) in Roxbury. Swedenborgianism was introduced in 1818 by Rev. Thom:s Worces- ter. There arc now two handsome churches, — Bovvdoin Street, Rev. James Reed, and in Ro.xbury on Regent Street. The followers of this doctrine are intellectual and thoughtful persons, prolific in good works. The Columbus-Avenue Church (Universalist) was founded 1817, and ministered to by Father Ballou for thirty-five years. Dr. A. A. Miner has been pastor for forty years. It is a handsome Roxbury-stone church, with stone spire, built in 1S72, with rich memorial windows. Methodism was introduced here by Charles Wesley, in 1736, and George Whiteficld, in 1740. First permanent society formed in 1792, wor- shipping in a North End school-house, then at the Green Dragon Tavern, and then in a rude little church in Methodist Alley, built by Southern funds. It has now 30 churches (2 negro, i Swedish, i German). Head-quarters at Wesleyan Building, with bookstore, Zioti's Herald ofiice, and Methodist Historical Society (212 members, 3,000 volumes). Other soc'eties are th2 Methodist Social Union (monthly dinners and addresses), Missionary and Church-ex'.ension Society. People's Church is at the corner of Columbus Avenue and Berkeley Street. Founded in 1882 as a church for the masses, with 3,000 seats. The Tremont-Street Church is a handsome stone building at the South End, at corner of Tremont and Concord Streets. 41 Baptists were received in colonial Boston with imprisonment and persecution. They now have 28 churches ; the Massachusetts Baptist Charitable Society, aiding yearly thirty families of dead ministers ; the Baptist Social Union, to stimulate and unite the churches ; and the Ameri- can Baptist Home Missionary Society, American Baptist Missionary Union, and American Baptist Publication Society, all of which have ihe'r head- quarters at Tremont Temple. Tremont Temple is one of the largest halls in the city for concerts and lectures, 76 to 86 Tremont Street, near School. It is used as a place cf worship by the Union Temple Baptist Church, — a free church, sustained by voluntary contributions. The First Baptist Church was organized in 1655. Its present church on Commonwealth Avenue was built (in 1873) by the old Brattle-Square Unitarian Society, whic^ dissolved in 1876; and the building was pur- chased by the Baptists in 1881. It is a noble piece of architecture, with a stone campanile 176 feet high, surrounded at the top by colossal bas-reliefs representing baptism, communion, marriige, and burial. The Young Men's Christian Association, on Berkeley Street, cor- ner of Boylston, has a library of 5,000 volumes, reading-room, gymnasium, parlors, and other rooms for social purposes. It was the first association of its kind in the United States (founded 1S51). In 1882-84, it built a magnificent structure of brown stone, in Scottish baronial architecture, at Boylston and Berkeley Streets, with great hall, spacious gymnasium (40 X90 feet), library, reading-room, entertainment-room, class-rocms, halls for religious services, etc. The Association is evangelical. It has employment bureaus, evening classes, temperance meetings, lecture courses, sociables, excursions, Bible-distributing, e'c, and welcomes strangers to the city. It had 500 members in the Union Army. The membership is 4,000. Visitors are welcomed. Open free from 8 A.M. to 10 P.M. The Young Men's Christian Union (founded in 1851) has a hand- some Gothic building of stone at iS Boylston Street. There are 4,326 mem- bers. Its aim is to provide for young men a homelike resort, with oppor- tunities for good reading, pleasant social intercourse, rational entertainment, and healthful exercise. It has a fine gymnasium, library, reading-room, music-room, correspondence-room, studies, etc. Religious services in Union Hall Sunday evenings. Lectures, readings, concerts, dramatic and other entertainments, are given to its members almost every evening. Open free from S A.M. to 10 P.M. Visitors are admitted. W. II. Baldwin is president. The Young Women's Christian Association (founded 1S66) main- tains a boarding-house, 68 Warrenton Street, and an Industrial Department, 42 combining a low-priced boarding-house. A new building has been erected at Berkeley and Appleton Streets. Library, reading-room, and gymnasium. Open free. Wells Memorial Institute, 987 Washington Street, 9 A.M. to 10 P.M.; .Sundays, 2 to 10. Reading-room and games. The Casino Coffee-house, 9S7 Washington St., 5 A.M. to midnight. The Alhambra Coffee-house, 11 to 15 Green St., 5 A.M. to midnight. COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS, ETC. The Equitable Building, at the corner of Milk and Devonshire Streets, is of granite. Full of banks and offices, with Security Safe-Deposit vaults in basement. Elevators (free) run to the roof, whence there is a magnificent view of the city and harbor. The Mutual Life Insurance (of New York) Building, corner of Milk and Pearl Streets, Post-Office Square, a superb seven-story fire-proof structure of Tuckahoe marble, with a lofty clock-tower and graceful modern French detail architecture. It cost $900,000. The New-England Mutual Life Insurance Building, on Post Office Square, at the corner of Milk and Congress Streets, is a fire-proof Concord-granite Renaissance building, crowned by colossal statues. It cost (with its land) nearly $1,000,000. Merchants' Exchange. — State Street. Established in 1842, con- ducted by Board of Trade. A large and handsome hall, marble-paved and frescoed, with files of chief American newspapers, bulletins for quota- lions, shipping news, stock sales, etc. The building (of Quincy granite) cost $175,000. Now being replaced (1890) with a superl) structure, one of the finest in the United States. Shoe-and-Leather Exchange. — On Bedford Street. A magnificent new building, with a Inisy exchange, bureaus of credits, debts and debtors, etc. Hemenway Building, corner of Tremont and Court Streets, a lofty seven-story office-building, on site of Washington's lodgings and Daniel Webster's law-office. Massachusetts-Hospital Life-Insurance Building, an immense structure on State Street. Household Art Rooms, 44 Boylston Street. Tiles, armor, decorated china, antique fmniture, and i^are bric-a-brac. Springer Brothers' elegant cloak parlors, Washington Street, cor. Bedford. R. H. White & Co.'s great retail dry-goods house, 51S Washington Street. See the magnificent parlor for ladies. Jordan, Marsh & Co.'s retail dry-goods store, with great halls and salesrooms crowded with goods. 43 Old Corner Bookstore, corner of Washington and School Streets. Bookstore founded in 1S32, by William D. Ticknor. Often visited by Longfellow, Lowell, Holmes, Whittier, Emerson, Thoreau, Howells, Dickens, Thackeray, and others. Burnham's Antique Bookstore, in the cellar of the Old South Church. POINTS OF VIEW. Roof of Equitable Building, Devonshire and Milk Streets (take ele- vator). State-House Cupola, Beacon Street. Bunker-Hill Monument, Mon- ument Square, Charlestown (20 cents ; buy 5 cent guide to views from the top). Spire of Old South Church, Washington and Milk Streets. Foot of Long Wharf, State Street. West-Boston Bridge, near Cambridge. Meridian and Webster Streets, East Boston. The Marine Park at City Point; and Dorchester Heights, Thomas Park, South Boston. Jones's Hill (Cashing Avenue), Dorchester. Savin Hill, Mount Bowdoin, and Ashmont (Ocean Street), Dorchester. Consecration Hill, Forest-Hills Cemetery. Bigelow Hill, Oak Square, Brighton. Corey Hill, Brookline. Great Blue Hill, Readville. Milton Hill, Milton. Tower of Mount-Auburn Cemetery, and Tower of Memorial Hall, Cambridge. Circle Hill, Arlington Heights. Winter Hill and Prospect Hill, Somerville. Powder-Horn Hill, Chelsea. Tufts College, College Hill, Medford. Newton Theological Seminary, Newton Centre. Beach Bluff, Swampscott. Marine Observatory, Tele- graph Hill, Hull. Captain's Hill, South Duxbury. Burying Hill, Plymouth. High Rock, Lynn. Maolis Garden, Nahant. Gallows' Hill, Salem. Prospect Hill, Waltham. GUIDE BOOKS. Ticknor's Guide to New England, $1.50. King's Handbook of Boston, $1.00. King's Handbook of Boston Harbor, 60 cents. King's Diction- ary of Boston, 50 cents. King's Boston, What to See, and How to See It. 1 5 cents. Appleton's General Guide to New England. Boston Illustrated, 50 cents. MacDonald's Old Copp's Hill and Burial Ground, 25 cents. King's Harvard and its Surroundings, $r.oo. King's Mount-Auburn Cem- etery, 30 cents. King's Vest-Pocket Guide to Cambridge, 10 cents. Leon- ard's Pigeon Cove and Vicinity, So cents. Robinson's Guide to Pigeon Cove and Vicinity, 25 cents. Bartlett's Concord Guide Book, 40 cents. Ambler's Worcester Illustrated, 25 cents. Old Plymouth (Avery & Doten), 44 25 cents. Ives' Guide to Salem, 15 cents. For information concerning Charitable and Benevolent Institutions, Hospitals, Prisons, Churches, etc., in Boston, consult Directory of Charities, 50 cents. Five and ten mile maps of the suburbs, and maps of Massachusetts, are sold at the Old Cor- ner Bookstore, Washington and School Streets. Photographic views of Boston and vicinity can be bought at Pollock's, 342 Washington Street. New maps of the city of Boston and the harbor, in convenient book form, at the United-States Hotel News-stand, 20 cents. Shoe & Leather Exchange. The great Crock- ery, (jlass, and Art Galleries. New Govern- ment Build- ings. Post-office Square. WALK No. I. Public Buildings. Passing out of the United-States Hotel at the ladies' entrance on Kingston Street, up to the right at the corner of Bedford Street, note the towering warehouse of tha Shoe-and-Leather Exchange, the main entrances to which are on the Bedford Street front of the building. Returning to and continuing up Kingston Street, and crossing Summer Street to Winthrop Square, you come to the elegant Crockery and Glass ware- house of Abram French & Co. Passing to the right from here down Franklin Street, on the next corner are the great warehouses of Jones, McDuffee & Strat- ton, with their Porcelain Galleries and Art Rooms open to the public free during business hours. Passing from here out the Federal Street entrance and one block to the north takes you to Post-office Square, with the new Government Buildings, in which are the United-States Courts, Sub-Treasury, Post- Office, and Signal Bureau, all open during business hours. Around tliis square are many of the largest Rail- way, Banking, Insurance, Safe Deposit and other financial institutions. 45 Continuing down Milk Street one block brings you to Liberty Square with its great warehouses and stores, and its striking novelty in architecture, the Mason Building. Continuing down to the east toward the shipping to the next block brings you to the Custom House and Cxovernment Warehouses. From here, one block to the north leads to Quincy Market ; and, if in the morning, a walk through from the east to the west portal will be found instructive and interesting, while outside, on both the north and south sides of the building, the thousand vegetable and market wagons make an animated scene. Coming out from Ouincy Market at the west portal, you are directly opposite old Faneuil Hall. The lower floor is now used for a market house. The ujjper floors contain the great hall and anterooms. Coming directly back south from here, through Ex- change to State Street, you behold the Old State House, with the Lion and the Unicorn on the gables, as they were in old King George's time, whea this was King Street. New go directly south through Devon- shire Street, and you pass the brokers' and lawj'ers' offices, and the west front of the Post-Office, and come to the Equitable Build- ing, on the corner of Milk and Devonshire Streets. Here, com- fortable elevators take visitors to the top, whence fine views of the city and harbor may be had. On the Liberty Square and Mason Building. Custom House and Govern- ment W a r e - houses. Quincy Market, inside and out- side. Faneuil Hall. Old State House. Equitable Build- ing, View from the Top, and the new Safe- DepositVaults. 46 Old South Church. ground floor of this building are the new Safe-Deposit Vaults, through which visitors are politely shown. From this point to the west, at the corner of Washington Street, is the Old South Church, with its museum and curiosities of the good old colony times. Coming back from this, through Washington to Summer, down Summer to Lincoln, you reach the main entrance to the Hotel, on Beach Street. The great Dr>'- goods House of R.H.White & Co. Springer Brothers Cloak Establish- ment. The immense Dry- (joods House of Jordan, Marsh & Co. Diamonds, Jew- els, and An Goods, Shrcve, Crump & Low. WALK No. 2. The Great Dry Goods Houses of Boston. Passing out at the ladies' entrance as before, and up Kingston, thence to the left through Bedford Street to the corner of Harrison Avenue, and you enter the rear of R. H. White & Co.'s elegant establishment, ranking among the first of our large dry-goods houses. Pass leisurely through this extensive building and out upon Washington Street. Thence a few steps to the right, at the corner of Washington and Bedford Streets, is found the specially noteworthy cloak and suit establishment of Springer Brothers. This retail salesroom is one of the most exquisite places of business in Boston, and the variety and quality of garments are not excelled in this country. Continuing to the right down Washington half a block, and you come to the great house of Jordan, Marsh & Co., probably the largest in this country. Visitors can spend the day here in looking through this immense establishment, which contains every- thing from hats to boots. Leave here through the shoe store on Summer Street. Then go to the left to the corner 06 Washington Street, and examine the diamond and jewelry estab- lishment of Shreve, Crump & Low. Here the most refined taste may lie fully gratified, and the eyes may feast on elegant jewelry and choice art goods. Visi- tors arc alwavs welcome. 47 From here, passing down Washington Street half a block, you come to the marble front of Macullar, Parker & Co., who for a generation have clothed the best men in Boston, gaining a reputation that has reached around the globe. Here will be found the largest and finest stock of gentlemen's clothing in this country. Their aim is perfection, and their great success proves they have reached it in the manufact- ure of their goods. A walk through the establish- ment will well repay visitors, who are never impor- tuned to purchase. If the visitor has done these places properly, he will be ready to return to Summer Street and back to the Hotel as before, or take any car going south marked " Boston & Albany," "Old Colony," or "Fall River Line," which brings you direct to the Hotel. Gentlemen's Clothing, Ma= cullar & Par. ker's Magnifi- cent Establish- ment. WALK No. 3. To the Common, State House, and Public Garden. Leaving the Hotel as before, out and up Kingston Street, thence to the left up Bedford Street, across Washington to Tremont, you pass into the Comm.on by the West-Street gate, directly opposite, thence by the mall and up Park Street by the art stores to the State-House and its grounds, Doric Hall with its memo- rial tablets, statues, and battle-flags, to the Library, Senate-Chamber, Assembly (with its famous codtish), and Governor's Room and Observatory, thence out the front and to the right along Beacon Street to the Frog- Pond Stairway, and across to the grand Monument to the Soldiers and Sailors, a most magnificent work of art by Martin Milmorc ; passing from this directly west down to and across Charles Street to the Public Gar- den, with its exquisite landscape effects, which are illuminated at night by electric lights. Crossing the suspension bridge, we see the Washington, The Common, State House, Monument, and Public Garden. CommoiiweaUh Avenue. Williams & Everett's Art Galleries. Emancipation Group. Providence Rail- road Station. Household Art Rooms and tlie famous Low Tiles. Everett, and Sumner Statues, and Ether Monument, and come into Commonwealth Avenue, said to be the finest in the world. Turning back to the west, and returning from here along Boylston Street, we come to the elegant Art-Galleries of Williams & Everett. Here hours may be spent in the examination of rare and costly works. Through and out from this is Columbus Avenue, oi^ening into Park Square, v.ith its Emancipation Group of Stat- uary. We should visit the new modern station of the Providence Railroad, with its illuminated clock in the tower, one of the most perfect and complete railroad stations in this country. Returning back east along Boylston Street, on the south side of Common, you come to the Public Library, well worth a visit. Adjoining the Library are the Household Art Rooms, \\ ith their rare and elegant exhibition of all that is beautiful in new designs and costly quali- ties of tile and bric-d-brac. These rooms contain the famous Low Tiles, and are always open to the public. From here, you return across Tremont through Boylston to Washington, and one block to the right brings you to Beach Street, and two blocks to the east you are again at the United-States Hotel. Liberty Tree. WALK No. 4. The Back-Bay and its Churches. Leaving the Hotel as before, take Essex Street, leading across Kingston Street, to the left, passing the site of Wendell Phillips' house (now occupied by the warehouse at Chauncy St. and Harrison Ave.), and crossing Washington Street, near the Globe and Park Theatres. On one corner is the modern Boylston Building; and opposite, with a large stone tree carved on its front, high up, is the block which stands on the site of the Liberty Tree, of Revolutionary days. Crossing Washington Street, follow Boylston Street by the Young Men's Christian Union and Masonic Illllililllpllli^ y. M. C. A. Trinity Church. Art-Museum. Spiritual Tern- pie. 50 Temple (granite building on the right) across Tre- mont Street, and alongside the Common and Public Garden to Arlington Street. Here is a handsome Unitarian church with a tall spire and a 'chime of bells. One block beyond, Boylston Street passes between the Museum of Natural History (right) and the splendid building of the Young Men's Christian Association (left). Next to the Museum, and on the same square, are the two great buildings of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, with the Hotel Brunswick opposite. Then we come to Trinity Church, a vast, rambling, and picturesque pile of stone structure, with a huge tower crowned by a pyramidal red roof. Opposite is the snug little Second Church (Unitarian), alongside of the famous Chauncy-Hall School. All these face on Copley Square, on one side of which is thii long and brill- iantly ornamented front of the Museum of Fine Arts, whose rich collections of paintings and sculpture merit a long inspection. Fronting the Square and directly opposite Trinity Church is the new Public Library. At the end of Copley Square rises the New Old South Church, with its tall stone bell-tower, which leans several inches out of the perpendicular. Farther west appears the great brick building of the Harvard Medi- cal School. The Boston Art Club has its handsome house alongside of the New Old South Church, on Dartmouth Street ; and a few steps beyond is the white marble Hotel Vendome. Near by, on Exeter Street, stand the splendid new First Spiritual Tem- ple and South Congregational Church. Commonwealth Avenue runs out from the Vendome to the unfinished Back Bay Park, passing many handsome residences ; and, in the other direction, it goes back to the Public Garden, passing the F"irst Baptist Church, with its beautiful sculptured tower. From this point, the re- turn may be made through the lovely flowery parterres of the Public Garden, as before. 51 EXCURSIONS ROUND ABOUT BOSTON. The attractions in tlie vicinity o£ Boston are of great variety. The surrounding cities and towns, with their elegant drives and walks, are v>'ithin easy reach ; and by the sea-shore and down the bay are a thousand delightful places, where a day may be spent. All the most popular places of resort are connected with the citv by boat or rail, and the excursions thus offered are both cheap and plentiful. Steamboats and cars leave about every fifteen minutes, making the round trip in any direction in a couple of hours. STREET-CAR RIDE No. i. To Bunker-Hill Monument, Charlestown Navy- Yard, and Old Convent Grounds. Leave the United-States Hotel by the front entrance, and take there a street-car marked Charlestown, which runs to the right up Beach Street and across Washington Street to Tremont Ttemont Street. Street. Here it runs along one entire side of the Common, with its luxuriant trees on one side, and on the other the brilliant shops of Tremont Street, the Rue de Rivoli of the West. At the end of the Common, it passes the tall-spired gray Park-Street Church, with the Granary Burying-ground next it, and opposite the Studio Building and the statue- adorned gray-granite Horticultural Hall. Next, it runs between the lofty white-marble Parker House and the solemn gray Tremont House. The pillared front and venerable graveyard of King's Chapel come next, with the City Hall across the graveyard and the Massachusetts Historical Society building alongside, adjoined by the Boston Museum. Enter- ing the famous street-car harbor of Scollay Square, the statue of Gov. Winthrop is passed, and the route descends the famous old Cornhill to Adams Square, with Faneuil Hall some distance ahead, be- Scollay Square. Cliarlestown. Dunker-HiU Monument. Charlestown Neck, 5- yond the statue of Sam Adams, the Revolutionary hero. Here Washington Street is entered, and the car crosses the busy Hanover Street to Haymarket Square and the Boston and Maine station. The next section of the ride leads through the stone- cutters' district of Beverly Street, past the Fitch- burg station, a dark-gray castle with tall embattled towers. Then the car runs across the broad bridge to Charlestown, with glimpses of shipping and the harbor on the right, and on the other side the bridges of the railroads, with hundreds of cars. Crossing the mildly busy City Square, with the Waverley Hotel on one side and the old City Hall of Charlestown ahead, the car runs off on Park Street; and, as it rounds into Warren Street, the Navy- Yard is visible down a long street to the right, and ahead is the Charlestown Soldiers' Monument. Three squares beyond, look up Monument Avenue to the right, and at ils head see the vast granite obelisk of Bunker- Hill Monument, with the statue of Col. Prescott at its foot. Three squares beyond, the car passes the Savings-Bank building on Thompson Square ; and, about an equal distance beyond, Phipps Street diverges to the left, leading in a few steps to the old Charlestown Burying-ground, in which lies buried John Harvard, the founder of Plarvard College. The car runs along on Main Street, between rows of little shops, with the populous streets of Breed's Hill and Bunker Hill rising steeply on one side, and the tum- ble-down water-front along Miller's River close at hand (but rarely seen) on the left. The street now runs along Charlestown Neck, which a hundred years ago was a long and narrow isthmus, raked by the guns of the British frigate Falcon during the battle of Bunker Hill. Not long after crossing the bridge over the Boston and Maine and Eastern tracks, the car comes to a long grassy hill on the right. This was the cele- Park Square. 53 brated Ploughed Hill, which Gen. Sullivan crowned with American batteries during the siege of Boston, and whence Morgan's gallant Virginian riflemen often advanced in deadly skirmishes against the British outposts before Charlestown, In 1826, Bishop Fen- wick named the hill Mount Benedict, and erected Mount Benedict here a convent for Ursuline nuns, which eight years later was sacked and burned by a mob of six hun- dred laborers from Boston. For over forty years, the gaunt ruins stood on the hill-top as a monument of sectarian animosity. STREET-CAR RIDE No. 2. To Cambridge and Harvard Square. Go to Kneeland Street, one square south of the United-States Hotel, and take a car to the right to Park Square, opposite the Providence station. F>om this point, street-cars for Cambridge depart every few minutes, running along Charles Street between the Common and the Public Garden, and then out on to the West-Boston Bridge, a long viaduct across the Charles River. This is a cool and pleasant ride, with East Cambridge on the right, and on the left the broad salt- Back Bay. water basin, almost Venetian in its effect, with the serried line of Beacon-Street mansions on the further shore, overtopped by the Old-South and Trinity towers and the Central-Church spire. Farther away rise Parker Hill and Corey Hill and the green high- lands of Brookline. Next, our route leads through the busy manufacturing district of Cambridgeport, r^ , ■, J => & 1 ' Cambridgeport. the birthplace of carriages, furniture, pianos, shade- rollers, paper-cutters, Kennedy biscuit, etc. Just be- yond Central Square (on which front the Post-Office, Young Men's Christian Association building and church), the City Hall is passed, and the route enters the region of homes, gardens, and trees, where quiet and embowered streets lead off to other fair domestic 54 scenes. Putnam Avenue diverges to tlie left to the Riverside Press. great Riverside Press, where Houghton, Mifflin & Co.'s books and the Atlantic Monthly are printed. The car soon reaches the cold-gray Gothic build- ing of the Old Cambridge Baptist Church, beyond which stands Beck Hall, the most luxurious and expensive of the college dormitories. Diagonally op- posite is the cupolaed house which has been the home of Richard H. Dana, Prof. C. C. Felton, Bishop F. D. Huntington, and the Rev. Dr. A. P. Peabody. Beyond is the French-roofed brick house of the Pres- Harvard College, 'f'ent of Harvard University. The college grounds now open away on the right, and we pass tlie gray Gore Hall (somewhat retired from the street) and Boylston Hall, and then between Holyoke House and Little's Block, college dormitories with shops under them, on the left, and the ancient wooden Wadsworth House, built in 1726, and once the home of Wasliington and Lee, on the right. The car now reaches Harvard Square, the street-car centre of Old Cambridge. By getting out and walking on alongside the college, we come first (on the corner) to Dane Hall, a plain two- story brick building, for over fifty years the seat of Harvard's Law School. Next beyond is the impos- ing five-story Matthews Hall (with two Gothic porti- cos), built in 1872, for dormitories, on the site of a house erected in 1666 for Indian students. Next is the antique, dormer-windowed, ivy-mantled Massa- chusetts Hall, built in 1 718, a barrack for Continen- tal soldiers in 1775-76, and now the college reading- room and examination hall. Across the street from Massachusetts is the First Parish Church (Unitarian), a Gothic wooden building, where Everett, Sparks, Webster, Holmes, and Emerson have attended. In the graveyard adjoining lie eight Harvard presi- dents and Washington AUston. Beyond is the plain Christ Church. woodcn Christ Church (Episcopal), used as a barrack by the Connecticut troops in 1775, '^'~-d "O^^ graced Massachusetts Hall. 55 with the Harvard chime of thirteen bells. Opposite is the dignified and picturesque Harvard Hall, built in 1765, stripped of its leaden roof for bullets in 1775, and now used for recitations and lectures. Next is the little Holden Chapel, built in 1744, and bearing Lady Holden's coat-of-arms on its gable. Back of Holden are Hollis (right) and Stoughton (left) Halls, dormitories built respectively in 1763 and 1805. In Hollis roomed Emerson, Everett, Prescott, Sumner, Thoreau, Phillips, Curtis, and Charles Fran- cis Adams ; in Stoughton, Preble, Quincy, Cushing, Hillard, Felton, Holmes, Hoar, E. E. Hale, A. H. Everett, and Horatio Greenough. At right angles with Stoughton is Holworthy Hall, a famous old dormitory building. Across the wide street rises the Hemenway Gymnasium (open to visitors from 10 to I and from 2 to 4), a rambling new building with high dormers and the college arms carved in the gable. Beyond, at the foot of Holmes Place, is the Harvard Law School, a magnificent red sandstone edifice, 220 feet long, with an imposing entrance be- tween intricately carved pillars (note the faces) and under noble arches. H. H. Richardson was its archi- tect. Back of it is Jarvis Field, famous in college athletics ; and alongside rises the dignified modern building of the Jefferson Physical Laboratory. A little farther cast, beyond where the fine bronze statue of John Harvard looks out over a delta-shaped lawn, is the Gothic cloister of Memorial Hall (open free, daily). Enter the vast dining-hall, and see there hundreds of portraits and busts of distinguished Americans, painted by Copley, Stuart, and other masters. See, also, the great mullioned west win- dow, covering 750 square feet, and bearing embla- zoned the arms of Harvard College, of Massachusetts, and of the United States, with a great expanse of the richest jewelled glass. Above the lofty wains- coting on the sides of the hall are numerous large Harvard Hall. Hollis Hall. I aw School. Memorial Hall. Museums. 56 Memorial Hall windows of the tinest stained glass, exquisitely de- signed, and representing famous Greek and English poets, orators, and patriots. The memorial vestibule has a marble floor, and is lined with marble slabs under Gothic arcades, bearing the names of the Har- vard men who were killed in the Secession War, Above are brilliant stained windows, and Latin in- scriptions. Over the groined roof rises the vast Memorial tower, 190 feet high. At the east end is the Sanders Theatre, a beautiful amphitheatre, used for lectures and public exercises. A little way east of the Memorial Hall, down Kirkland Street, Divin- ity Avenue leads to Divinity Hall, the Museum of Comparative Zoology (open daily from 9 to 5), founded by Agassiz, and the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology (open from 9 to 5). The vast collections in these museums are unsurpassed. Returning to Memorial Hall, and crossing the street to the college grounds, we pass the light-stone Sever Hall. Applcton Chapel, and see Sever Hall (recitation- rooms) rich in terra-cotta, on the left; the antique white-granite building is University Hall (seat of college government), with Thayer Hall (dormitories) on its right and Weld Hall (dormitories) on its left. Facing the end of Weld is the Rockport-granite Boylston Hall (chemical laboratories and minera- logical collections, open to visitors), nearly in line Gore Hall. with wliich is Grays Hall (dormitories). Gore Hall, of Quincy granite with spires and finials, contains the college library of two hundred and forty thousand volumes, with many curiosities and works of art (open daily, free, from 9 to 5 ; in vacation, from 9 to 2). There are many other college buildings. Cambridge Common lies to the north-west of the college grounds, and contains the Cambridge sol- diers' monument, several Revolutionary cannon, etc. Washington At its end )s the old elm, under which George Wash- ington assumed command of the American army in Cambridge Common. Elm. 57 1775 (^^^ the granite tablet); beyond which rises the handsome Shepard Congregational Church. Riding up Brattle Street on the Mount-Auburn street-cars from Harvard Square, we pass the cele- brated University Press, the beautiful stone halls and chapel of the Episcopal Theological School, the historic old Vassall mansion, the great house in which Longfellow lived and died, the Elmwood estate of James Russell Lowell, and other deeply interest- ing localities, and reach Mount-Auburn Cemetery. The return may be made by street-cars to Cottage- Farm, and thence by the Albany railroad to Boston. STREET-CAR RIDE No. 3. To Dorchester Heights, South Boston, Indepen- dence Square, and the Marine Park at City Point. The cars passing the United-States Hotel to the eastward and southward pass the Albany and Old- Colony stations, and traverse Federal Street, with the handsome building of the Boston Terra-Cotta Company on the left and the Old-Colony freight- houses on the right, soon reaching and crossing Fort- Point Channel, the outlet of the South Bay, a narrow, deep, and crowded stream, abounding in drawbridges and piers, and made busy by fleets of coasters and steamers, like a section of the Chicago River. The car then enters South Boston, and soon swings into South Boston. Broadway, the main thoroughfare of this populous manufacturing section. Passing the revered Roman Catholic shrine of St. Peter and St. Paul, it goes up the broad avenue, lined with irregular wooden build- ings and sporadic brick blocks, stores, and offices, all in a scene of mild provincial activity, like bits of Halifax or Dubuque. After a time, the street ascends a steep hill, and the car swings off to the left on Dorchester Street. A little way to the right, above the Carney Hospital (Sisters of Charity), is the little Dorchester Heights Independence Square Marine Park. City Point. The Haibor 58 park on the site of the ancient Continental fortifica- tions on Dorchester Heights (or Mount Washington), whose construction made Boston untenable by its British garrison. The view from this point is beau- tiful, and includes the city and its suburbs, the harbor, the forts, and the sea. By leaving the car at H Street and ascending one square to the right, we reach the famous Perkins Institution for the Blind, founded by Dr. Samuel G. Howe, and occupying a huge old summer-hotel. As the car passes between the ivy-mantled Church Home for Children, and the pretty Episcopal chapel opposite, N Street diverges to Independence Square, a handsome public park, on the harbor side of which are the Municipal Insane Asylum and House of Correction. Farther west, along the shore, are some of the great iron-works for which South Boston is famous. Cyrus Alger's im- mense South-Boston Iron-Works and the Norway Iron-Works are on the north shore of South Boston. The street-car runs out to City Point, where we find the Marine Park (which has cost $200,000, but is still unfinished), and many saloons, restaurants, small inns, and landing-stages where boats and yachts may be hired for harbor-trips. Here, also, is the Boston Yacht-Club's house, at the end of a long pier. Citv Point looks right out to sea, and enjoys the cool easterly breezes. Hundreds of yachts have their moorings here. The view includes the Blue Mills, to the right across Old Harbor; Thompson's Island with its dark groves and great Farm-School building; the distant hills of Plymouth County; Long Island, with its high-placed lighthouse; the white shaft of Boston Light and the black pyramid of Nix's Mate ; the near gray walls and ofificers' quarters of Fort Independence; the distant brick prisons on Deer Island; the high, round, house-covered Winthrop Great Head; the long, high, and verdant Governor's Island, with the citadel of Fort Winthrop; and the 59 blue highlands of Essex on the north. yVll manner of vessels are seen in the channel, — yachts, coasters, harbor steamboats, and European Steamships. There are ten lines of street-cars between Boston and South Boston, running every few minutes to Bay View, City Point, Mount Washington, and other points. South Hoston STREET-CAR RIDE No 4. Out Huntington Avenue to Brookline. Scollay-Squarc cars run from the Hotel to Tremont Street, where the I3rookline cars pass by the Common, and turn to the right on Boylston Street, passing the Public Library, Providence Station, Pub- lic Garden, Arlington-Street Church, Museum of Natural History, Institute of Technology, Young Men's Christian Association building, Hotel Bruns- wick, Trinity Church, Art Museum, and New Old South Church. From Copley Square, the rails run out Huntington Avenue, past several great apartment- hotels, the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Asso- ciation building, and the Children's Hospital. It soon reaches the slope of Parker Hill, near the high- placed stone church of the Redemptionist Fathers, and turns to the right into Tremont Street, where it winds around between grateful lines of ancient trees, with comfortable country mansions on either side. From the terminus of the line in Brookline, public carriages run to various points in that wealthy and picturesque old town. Here we may visit the Chestnut-Hill Reservoir, aiound which is the favorite driveway of New England; the crest of Corey Hill, famous for its view; the handsome stone Town Hall, not far from the street-car terminus ; the beautiful Harvard Church (Congregational), rich in carved Huntington Avenue. Brookline. 6o stone-work and stained windows : the ancient Per- kins, Sargent, Lyman, and Winthrop estates ; and other interesting locaHties. Another line of cars runs every ten minutes from the Tremont House by Tremont Street and the South Brookline ^^'^ *° Ikookline. Another runs every fifteen min- utes from Temple Place to Longwood. STREET-CAR RIDE No. 5. To Roxbury, Egleston Square, Jamaica Plain, and Forest-Hills Cemetery. The car passes along Tremont Street, a few min- utes' walk west of the United-States Hotel, and traverses the South' End from end to end, following Tremont Street to and across the Albany Railroad, beyond which the Paine and Parker Memorial Halls are seen on the right, with the gray-stone Odd-P'el- lows' Hall, the tall-spired dark Berkeley-Street Church, and the contiguous building of the Young Women's Christian Association. Near these, the r. c. . route turns sharply to the left down Dover Street, Dover Street. ^ -' ' sacred to mediums and metaphysicians, and enters Washington Street. Passing the Grand Opera House, the vast gray pile of the Roman-Catholic Cathedral of the Holy Cross looms up ahead. Washington Street, here of a Boulevard-like breadth, Boston Neck. now traverses the ancient Boston Neck, whose nar- rowest point, near Dover Street, was strongly forti- fied in the old days by the colonists, and afterwards by the British garrison. A stone could then be thrown across the neck, from bay to bay, where there are now miles of massive buildings on made land. The car runs between Blackstone and Franklin Squares, abounding in trees and lawns, and with the great New-England Conservatory of Music on the left, and the South Burying-ground, on the site of the old execution-ground where pirates and murderers were hung. Opposite, is the long marble front of tlie Langham, formerly the Com- monwealth Hotel, and Worcester Square leads away to the left to the dome of the City Hospital. Crossing Chester Park, the line runs on through a region of small shops to the Roxbury Burying- ground (left); and then traverses the business-district of the ancient city of Roxbury, now a district of Boston. On the left is the Saxon gray-stone St. James Church (Episcopal); and then the brick cam- panile of St. Joseph's of Roxbury (Roman Catholic). Farther on, the cross-crowned convent of Notre Dame appears, rising over spacious grounds on the right; and beyond is the many-spired New-England Hospital for Women and Children. Next, the line traverses the suburban hamlet of Egleston Square, named for the Earl of Egleston. From the hill appears the large village of Jamaica Plain on the right. Running through the uninviting edge of this village, the car traverses the lowlands beyond, and stops near the Forest-Hills station of the Providence Railroad (on which the return-trip may be made easily and quickly). Public carriages ran from this point to the cemetery near by. It is also but a short distance to the Arnold Arboretum, Bussey Park, and the hand- some agricultural school of Harvard College. Roxbury, Jamaica Plaii STREET-CAR RIDE No. 6. The South End and Jamaica Plain. Cars run along Tremont Street, a few minutes' walk from the United-States Hotel, every 5 or 6 min- utes, running out through the South End. Beyond the great granite building of Odd-Fellows' Hall (on tlie right, a half-mile from the Common), the feudal- Gettysburg, looking building of the Cycloraina of Gettysburg is seen on the right ; then the brick Baptist Church on Clarendon Street, and next to it (on a side street) the immense English-High and Latin School Building. On the left, see the tall brick clock-tower of Dr. Webb's Congregational Church; then, on a side- street, Savage's Unitarian Church ; then tlie hand- some stone building of the Tremont-Street Metho- dist Church. On the right soon appears Chickering's immense piano-factory, a little way beyond which is Franklin Place, leading to the right to the Boston Base-Ball Grounds. The car next traverses a densely populated indus- trial district, by the Roxbury Carpet Factory, the Whittier Machine Works, and the Boston Beltmg Factory; and, near the crossing of the Providence Railroad, swings to the left on I'ynchon Street close by Prang's Chromo Works, and runs by Pfaff's and Roessle's huge breweries. There are other great breweries near by. Fort Avenue leads up to the left to the white Highland stand-pipe, on the site of one of the American forts during the siege of Boston. The line crosses the Providence Railroad, and traverses a pleasanter and more rural open country, with Parker Hill on the right, and the Lowell School Jamaica Plain. on the left, and soon reaches Jamaica Plain, a large and handsome village, with several churches. Pond Street leads to the right, from near " Peter Parley's " old estate, to the beautiful Jamaica Pond, surrounded by fine mansions (among which is Francis Parkman's) and gloomy ice-houses. The car runs on by the Uni- tarian Church, the great brick Curtis Hall (the Town Hall of West Roxbury, before its annexation to Bos- ton), and the Soldiers' Monument. 63 STREET-CAR RIDE No. 7. Columbus Avenue, Roxbury, and the West-Roxbury Park. The street-car runs along Kneeland St., one square south of the hotel, every ten minutes to Park Square, where it passes the Emancipation Monument and the handsome Providence station, the Cadets' Armory, and the People's Church (right) and Presbyterian Church (left). Beyond the Albany-Railroad Bridge, it runs by Dr. Miner's Universalist Church, and then along the well-built and attractive residence part of Columbus Avenue. As it crosses the triangular Columbus Columbus Ave Square, and approaches the Union Congregational Church, James Freeman Clarke's church is seen down a side-street to the left. Beyond West Chester Park, it turns down Northampton Street, alongside Chickering's Piano Factory, and reaches Shawmut Avenue, along which it runs to Roxbury, passing St. Vincent's Orphan Asylum. Bearing around the old Universalist Church (whence Eliot Street runs up to Eliot Square and the Norfolk House), it traverses the busiest part of Roxbury, by the tall Dudley-Street Baptist Church, and out along Warren Street, which is followed for a mile and a half, by hundreds of pleasant suburban homes on high ground. At Grove Hall, where the group of buildings of Dr. Cullis's Consumptives' Home stand amid fine old trees, it turns up Blue-Hill Avenue, and soon climbs up to Oakland Garden and the pavilions and play-grounds of the West-Roxbury Park. From the crest of the West-Roxbury avenue, just beyond the end of the horse-car line, there is a noble and impressive view of the dome-like Blue Hill, in Milton. Blue-Hill Avenue bears away Park 64 south for 2^ miles to Mattapan village, on the Neponset, passing in sight of Sunset Rock (on the left, across the meadows) where Washington chose the place for the cutting of the fascines for fortifying Dorchester Heights. OTHER STREET-CAR RIDES, of which there are dozens that may be taken from Boston : — From corner of Boylston and Tremont Streets (by Electric cars) : — To Grove Hall, every ten minutes. To Dorchester, every ten minutes. To Chestnut-Hill Reservoir, every fifteen minutes. P'rom Bowdoin Square : — To Cottage Farm, every thirty minutes (Electric). To Arlington, every thirty minutes (Electric). To Brighton, every fifteen minutes. To Watertown and Newton, every thirty minutes. From Scollay Square : — To Chelsea, every ten minutes. To Chelsea and Revere, every thirty minutes. To Lynn and Swampscott, every hour. To Everett and ATedford, every hour. To Somerville, every ten minutes. From corner of P'ranklin and Washington Streets: — To Meeting-House Hill, every fifteen minutes. To Upham's Corner, Dorchester, every ten minutes. To Milton Lower Mills, every thirty minutes. To Neponset, every thirty minutes. F"rom corner of Bedford and Washington Streets: — To Mount Pleasant, every fifteen minutes. To Milton, every thirty minutes. P'rom Northern Depots, via Washington .Street, passing the head of Beach Street : — To Norfolk House, every seven minutes. F"rom United-States Hotel : — To Bunker Hill, Charlestown, every ten minutes. To Winter Hill, Somerville, every ten minutes. Hunnewell's Gardens Wellesley. I'iewfrom the Terrace. These famous Gardens, the property of a private gentleman, are very kindly opened for visitors. Take cars from Boston and Albany R.R. Station, opp. United States Hotel. 66 SHORT EXCURSIONS. N.B. Before starting, verify time tables by inquiry at office of the Hotel. To Catnbridge, Watertown, and Newton by street-car ; or to West Newton (2 miles) by Albany Railroad ; and to Waltham Watch Factory Dy street-car, and return from Waltham by P'itchburg Railroad. To Upham's Corner by street-car ; coach to Neponset, and return by Old-Colony Railroad. To Stoneham by Lowell Railroad; streetcar to Stoneham Centre, stopping at Marble Street for Middlesex Fells. To Point Shirley and Winthrop by steamboat ; and return by street- car, through Chelsea, and by ferry from Chelsea. To Pigeon Cove by Boston & Maine Railroad and coaches from Rock- port. Summer Home of Chapin and Starr King, sea views, surf-bathing, Phillips Avenue. (Buy Leonard's Pigeon Cove and Vicinity, 80 cents, or Robinson's Guide to Pigeon Cave and Vicinity, 25 cents.) To Concord by Fitchburg Railroad. — Battleground, Public Library (with Concord Alcove), Walden Pond, Statue of Minute-man, Old Manse, Sleepy Hollow, homes of Emerson, Hawthorne, Thoreau, Curtis, and the Alcotts. (Buy Bartlett's Concord Guide Book, 40 cents.) To Worcester by Albany Railroad in i J hours; coaches to Lake Quinsiga- mond. South Worcester, Shrewsbury, Marlborough, and Leicester. High School, Oread Seminary, College of the Holy Cross, State Normal School, Free Institute of Industrial Science, Highland Military School, Hope Cemetery, Rural Cemetery, Episcopal Church, American Antiquarian Society (open 9 to 12, and 2 to 5, e.xcept Saturday and Sunday), Soldiers' Monument, Union Railroad Station. (Buy Ambler's Worcester Ilhistrated.) Newton. — Street-cars to Watertown and Cambridge; View from Mount Ida, where John Eliot preached to the Indians ; Public Library. Newton Centre. — View from Baptist Theological Seminary, Centre Street ; garden of J. F. C. Hyde. Newton Upper Falls. — Cochituate Aqueduct Bridge, over Charles River, with famous echo. At Auburndale is the Lasell Female Seminary. Chelsea. — Street-cars to Winthrop, Revere, Saugu.s, Lynn, Swampscott, Marblehead, Peabody, and Revere Beach. View from Powder-Horn Hill, Soldiers' Home, Woodlawn Cemetery, with views from Rock Tower, Chapel and Elm Hill ; Naval Hospital, United-States Marine Hos- pital, Soldiers' Monument, Robinson's Pottery. Wellesley (Albany Railroad).— WcUesley College and Grounds, Lake Waban, Baker's Gardens, Hotel Wellesley, the Cochituate Aqueduct, and many interesting private residences. South Natick (coaches from Wellesley). — Italian Gardens of II. II. Ilunnewell, view from Pegan Hill, Eliot's Oak, Indian Cemetery, Site of Indian village. Bedford (Lowell Railroad). — Mineral Springs and Hotel, Refuge of John Hancock and Samuel Adams. Gloucester. — Eastern Point, with lighthouse and fort ; East Gloucester, with views from Rocky Neck; Bass Rocks, view from Beacon Pole Hill, Riverdale, with Old Murray Meeting-house ; Norman's Woe, Rafe's Chasm, Goldsmith's Point, "Around the Cape," Whale Cove, Loblolly Cove, Thacher's Island, with lighthouses. Beverly (Eastern Division, Boston & Maine Railroad, horse-cars to Salem). — View from Lathrop Street, Mingo Beach; Homes of Nathan Dane, Robert Rantoul, Jr., Dr. A. P. Peabody, and Lucy Larcom. Cambridge. — Washington Elm, Fresh Pond, Mount Auburn, Cambridge Cemetery, Homes of Lowell and Longfellow, Harvard University. To Park Street, Beacon Street, State House, Common, Public Garden, Commonwealth Avenue, Back-Bay Park, Longwood, Brookline, Harvard Church, Corey Hill, Brookline Reservoir, Chestnut- Hill Reservoir, Newton Centre, returning through Centre Street (o Newton, Brighton Road, West Chester Park, Huntington Avenue, and Boylston Street. To Jamaica Pond, Allandale Mineral Springs, Arnold Arboretum, Forest-Hills Cemetery, Mount-Hope Cemetery, Brook Farm, West-Roxbury Park, back by Blue-Hill Avenue and Warren Street. To Dudley Street, Savin Hill, Gushing Avenue to Jones' Hill, Meeting- House Hill, Ocean Street (Ashmont), Milton Hill, Quincy, Sea Street, Quincy Great Hill on Hough's Neck, returning through Washington and Warren Streets. To Chelsea, passing Marine and Naval Hospitals to Soldiers' Home on Powder-Horn Hill ; Winthrop, Revere Beach, Woodlawn Cemetery, Everett, Maiden, Medford, Tufts College, returning through Somerville to Winter Hill, Spring Hill, and Prospect Hill. To Cambridge and Watertown, Belmont Street to Belmont. Pleasant Street to Arlington, Spy Pond, Circle Hill, Lexington, Battleground, Wal- tham, Prospect Hill, returning to Watertown, passing United-States Arsenal. To Revere Beach, Lynn Beach, Nahant, Lynn, Ocean Street, Swamp- scott. Beach Bluff, Phillips Point. Revere Beach. — Street or steam cars, in summer, to Revere and Chelsea; steamboats to Winthrop, Ocean Spray, Great Head, Point Shirley. Pavil- ion, surf bathing, skating-rink. 68 Winthrop. — Street-cars to Revere and Chelsea ; steamboats to Beach- mont, Ocean Pier, Crescent Beach, Oak Island, and Revere ]3each. Old house of Deane Winthrop, Great Head, Ocean Spray. Point Shirley. — Best fish and sea-fowl dinners at Taft's. The frigate Constitution was blockaded here in 1S12; scene of Revolutionary com- bat between British men-of-war and two American privateers. Medford. — Street-cars to Somerville. Craddock House, Royall House. Somerville. — Street-cars to Cambridge and Medford. Old Powder House, Ten Hills, Mount Benedict (with site of Ursuline Convent), views from Winter Hill and Prospect Hill (with site of encampment of Burgoyne's Army), Spring Hill. College Hill. — View from Walnut Hill, Tufts College and its library, and Goddard Chapel. Middlesex Fells. — Spot Pond, Bear Hill, Pine Hill, Taylor Mountain, Maiden Cascade, Old Lynde Mansion. Watertown. — Street-cars to Cambridge and Newton. United-States Arsenal, Home of Harriet G. Hosmer, Grave of John Shermm, the Pratt, Adams, and Payson Estates. Belmont. — Waverley Oaks, former residence of W. D. Howells. Arlington (Lowell Railroad). — Street-cars to Cambridge. View from Circle Hill, Pleasant Street, Spy Pond, Home of J. T. Trowbridge, Old Russell House, Revolutionary tablets, market gardens, Mystic Pond Jamaica Pond (Jamaica- Plain streetcars). — Skating in winter. Allandale Mineral Springs. — Coaches connect with Jamaica Plain street-cars, from July to October, every half-hour, from 10.30 to 6.30, and on Sundays in June. Fare, 15 cts. ; water per glass, 5 cts. ; picnic grounds. Lexington. — Revolutionary Battle-ground (with Monument), Memorial Hall (with statues and Cary Free Library), Home of Theodore Parker, High School, Massachusetts House (built for the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition, in colonial architecture), the Hayes Estate. Waltham. — Street-cars to West Newton; steamboats to Auburndale, on Charles River. View from Prospect Hill, Watch Company's Works, Cotton Mills, Walker, Lyman, and N. P. Banks Estates. Dedham (Providence Railroad). — Coaches to West Dedham. Saint Paul's Church (with monument to Bishop Griswold), Court House (with Pillar of Liberty), Memorial Hall, Edmund Quincy's Estate. Readville (Providence Railroad). — 2^ miles to top of Great Blue Hi:i. Site of Massachusetts camp during 1S62-65. Milton (Old-Colony Railroad). — View from Milton Hill, Home of Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney, Chocolate Mills. The Granite Branch Railroad was the first railroad in America. 69 THE NORTH SHORE of Massachusetts Bay is famous for its interesting old maritime cities, bold and picturesque scenery, poetic and historic associations, and delightful summer climate. It may be explored in a short day's excursion from Boston, by the Boston & Maine Railroad (Eastern Division), to Lynn, Swampscott, Salem, Beverly, Marblehead, and Gloucester. Street-cars, also, run hourly from Boston to Lynn, Swampscott, and Marblehead; from Boston to Revere Beach ; from Lynn to Peabody and Salem ; and from Salem to the Willows and to Danvers. A narrow-gauge railroad runs from East Boston (ferry from Boston), along Revere Beach, to Lynn. Steam- boats ply between Boston and Point Shirley, Nahant, and Gloucester; and from Marblehead to Lowell Island. Revere Beach is a gradually-sloping beach of sand, several miles long, partly embayed by Nahant and Winthrop, and with a light surf, in which sea-bathing is safe and pleasant. There are numerous large and small hotels here, where good shore dinners may be obtained ; and thou- sands of Bostonians come hither on every hot summer day, to enjoy the cool sea breezes and the sight of the blue expanse of ocean. At its north end are the great hotels and grounds of the Point of Pines, where the society is less heterogeneous than elsewhere on the beach. Lynn is a city of 50,000 inhabitants, on a plain between the sea and a line of rugged porphyritic hills. It is the chief shoemaking place in the world, and employs in that industry nearly 12,000 persons, making over 12,000,000 pairs a year. Market Street leads from the railroad to the Common, which has the beautiful St. Stephen's Church on one side, and the imposing Soldiers' Monument and City Hall at one end. Beyond is High Rock, legend-haunted and far-viewing; and four miles south-west is Dungeon Rock. Along the sea front is a line of handsome villas, the sum- mer-homes of Mrs. Burnett, the novelist, T. B. Aldrich, the poet, Mrs. Lander, and other notables. Nahant, reached by steamers from Boston (12 miles) and stages from Lynn (4 miles), is a rocky peninsula in the sea, continually beaten by the surf, and containing grand marine scenery. It is a township of about 80c inhabitants, with many pleasant villas of Boston gentlemen. Tom Appleton called it "cold roast Boston." Here Longfellow and Prescott had their summer-homes; and here the Tudor family, "The Ice Kings," dwelt. Castle Rock, the Spouting Horn, Pulpit Rock, Swallows' Cave, and other localities along the rugged coast, are full of interest. Swampscott, just beyond Lynn, is the most fashionable summer-resort near Boston, and has several large hotels and boarding-houses, and many 7° seashore villas, with picturesque rocky points and intervening sandy beaches. A branch railroad runs from Lynn, by the stations of Swampscott, Phillips Beach, Beach-Bluff, and Clifton, to Marblehead, a very quaint old maritime town, in ancient times famous for its fishermen and privateers, and now the centre of a group of summer- resorts; Marblehead Neck, lined with beach cottages and hotels; Beach- Bluff, with its wonderful sea-view, etc. On high ground rises Abbott Hall, with its tall tower, public library, and historical paintings. There are many very quaint old colonial houses in the town; and on the queer old harbor- front is Fort Sewall, a deserted battery now used as a park. Salem, the mother-city of the Massachusetts Colony, is but 40 minutes from Boston by railway. Here Endicott founded the colony, and Winthrop landed, and Roger Williams preached. The Witchcraft Persecution took pla~e here in 1692, when 19 persons were hung on Gallows' Hill. In the house still standing at 310 Essex Street, some of the ill-fated alleged witches were examined. Nathaniel Hawthorne was born at 21 Union Street, and worked for many years in the custom-house near Derby Wharf. The East-India Marine Hal', on Essex Street (open free from 9 to 12, and I to 5), contains rich natural-history collections; Japanese, Hindu, Polynesian, and Indian curiosities in great number; naval architecture; and ethnological rarities. Plummer Hall (open free 8.30 to i, and 2.30 to 5), on the site of William II. Prescott's birthplace, contains a museum, a large collection of painted portraits of colonial leaders, the original charter of Massachusetts Bay, and a library of 6o,ooo volumes. Behind the hall is the ancient church of Salem, built in 1634, and containing some rare antiquities and curiosities. On the water-front of Salem are the Willows and Juniper Point, popular summer-resorts for the citizens, with restaurants, boats, cottages, etc. ; and two miles inland is Peabody, with the birth- place and grave of George Peabody, and the rich collections and library cf the Peabody Institute. North and ca^t of Salem, the railroad runs on to Beverly, Manchester, Magnolia, and Gloucester, and to the ancient sea-city of Ncwburyport, at the mou'h of the Merrimack. THE SOUTH SHORE. By the Old-Colony Railroad, visitors may reach the most charming variety of sea and landscape, as it winds its way clear down through each town and hamlet covering Cape Cod and along the coast of Massachusetts Bay, with its abundance of suggestions and grand old histories. 71 To go from Boston to Plymouth by the Old-Colony Railroad takes two hours. The route leads across picturesque old Dorchester, with frequent glimpses of the harbor; crosses the Neponset River; passes the lofty modern village of Wollaston Heights ; and reaches Quincy, the seat of great granite-quarries, with the ancient mansions and tombs of the Adams family (two of whom, ex-Presidents of the United States, are buried under the old granite church), the legendary Mount Wollaston, the noble sea- fronting promontory of Squantum, the architectural gem of the Crane Library, the Adams Academy, and other points of interest. The houses are shown in which John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Edmund Quincy, John Hancock, and Hannah Adams were born. Beyond Quincy, the train crosses the ancient Puritan town of Braintree, the seat of the celebrated Thayer Academy, and abounding in sea-viewing hills and sequestered ponds ; and Weymouth, one of the bay-towns, settled away back in 1622, and now containing several rich villages. Hingham is a curious old town, with many quaint colonial houses, and " The Old Ship," a fine old church which dates from 16S1, and is still used. In the adjacent graveyard are the statue and tomb of John A. Andrew, the War-Governor of Massachusetts, and the monument of Gen. Lincoln of the Continental army. Hingham is reached by steamboat in half an hour from Boston, and has many pleasant rides, with fine views of sea and harbor scenery. Beyond Hingham, a narrow-gauge railroad connects with our route and runs north to Nantasket Beach, five miles long between Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay, and occupied by scores of hotels, cottages, and villas. The railroad runs to Hull, to which steamers ply from Boston. Cohasset has a noble rocky sea-front, where several eminent actors, like Barrett, Robson, and Crane, have their summer-houses. On one side, the Jerusalem Road stretches up along the coast of Nantasket, lined with costly villas and park-like grounds, and affording splendid sea-views. Off- shore is the famous Minot's Light, a tall tower of masonry rising from out the ocean, and warning 'mariners of the dangerous Cohasset Rocks. The next town is Scituate, wherein we pass several stations not far from the picturesque bluffs and beaches, with interesting views over the Bay and across the little harbor of the port. Near South Scituate is the locality where the pathetic and familiar poem, "The Old Oaken Bucket," was written, by Samuel Woodworth, a native of this town. A mile from Sea- View station is the Humarocks peninsula, five miles long, and affording a delightful place for a summer-day's outing. Marshfield comes next, — the home of Daniel Webster, who dwelt here for many years, relaxing the cares of State by farming, fishing, and yachting. He died and was buried here in 1852. In Marshfield still stands the house 72 which was the home of Gov. Winslow, of the Plymouth Colony. Brant Rock is an unconventional summer-resort on the coast, famous for its sea- fowl and fishing. Duxbury is another picturesque and delightful old Puritan town, where the French Atlantic Telegraph comes ashore. Near the summer-resort of South Duxbury rises the noble-viewing Captain's Hill, crowned by a lofty round stone tower, erected as a memorial of Miles Standish, the military leader of the Plymouth Colony, who lived at the base of the hill. Here- abouts, also, dwelt John Alden, the hero of Longfellow's "The Courtship of Miles Standish," Elder William Brewster, and other Pilgrim chiefs. Plymouth, the Mecca of New England, was founded, in 1620, by the Pilgrims, fleeing from religious persecution in England. For twelve years, they dwelt in Holland, and then sailed for lonely America to found a new Christian nation among the savages. Their sufferings and wars and final triumph are now known to all men. Plymouth is a quiet little town of 8,000 inhabitants, with fascinating views across its broad and shallow harbor and out over the blue Bay. Back of it are leagues of lake-strewn forests, "The Adirondacks of Massachusetts," where herds of deer still linger. Forefathers' Rock, "the corner-stone of the Republic," is a gray boulder near the harbor, covered by a tall granite canopy. Pilgrim Hall (open daily, 25 cents) contains many weapons, pieces of furniture, garments, and large historical paintings of the ancient Pilgrims, making one of the most interesting historical museums in America. Cole's Hill, where the first dead of the Pilgrims were buried, is close to Forefathers' Rock. Burial Hill, near the church, rises 165 feet above the harbor, and contains hundreds of quaint old tombs and monuments. The view hence is of rare beauty. The National Monument to the Forefathers rises on a high hill not far from the railroad station, and is crowned by an impressive statue of Faith, 36 feet high, the largest granite statue in the world. At her feet are colos- sal allegorical statues of Morality and Education, and fine marble bas-reliefs of historical subjects. This is one of the most impressive and noble monu- ments in the world. Rambling through the quaint old streets of Plymouth, and among her stately monuments, we may remember the scene of nearly 270 years ago, when "The breaking waves dashed high On a stern and rock-bound coast, When a band of exiles moored their bark On the wild New-England shore." 73 NANTUCKET AND CAPE COD are reached by the Old-Colony Railroad, crossing Dorchester, Quincy, and Braintree, to the handsome shoe-making village of Holbrook ; East Stoughton, a quiet hamlet of the Blue-Hills country; Brockton, a shoe- making city of 40,000 inhabitants, with horse-cars, stages, etc. ; Campello, a large Swedish village ; Bridgewater, the seat of a State normal school, and foundries where vast quantities of artillery and amunition were made for the government during the wars of 1775-83 and 1S61-65. Middle- borough is a brisk manufacturing place of S,ooo inhabitants, not far from the great forest-girt Asowamsett, Pocsha, and Quittacus Ponds, which cover nearly forty square miles, and are stocked with land-locked salmon and black bass, and navigated by a pleasure steamboat. From Tremont station, a branch line runs down to the delightful seaside resorts of Marion and Mattapoisett, and to Fairhaven, across the Acushnet River from New Bedford, a pleasant old sea-port of 30,000 in- habitants, famous for over a hundred years for its whaling fleets, nearly annihilated by an attack here by Lord Grey's British troops in 1778, and again by Confederate privateers in 1864-65. The city has large cotton and woollen mills, glass and iron works, and granite public buildings. Drive on the stately and elm-lined old County Street, and five miles around Clark's Point, on Buzzards Bay. Steamboats run daily hence, by the legend- haunted Elizabeth Islands and Wood's Holl, to Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket. Nonquitt is a pleasant summer-resort, six miles out. Beyond Tremont, the main line runs on to Wareham and Onset Bay, the seat of a great Spiritualist camp-ground. At Buzzards-Bay station, another branch line diverges down the east shore of Buzzards Bay, by a chain of delightful summer-resorts. Monument Beach, Pocasset, and the bay-side hamlets of Falmouth, amid charming marine scenery, with broad views over the bay, the Elizabeth Islands, Vineyard Sound, and the blue Tisbury Hills. From Woods Holl, the end of the line, the steamboats run to Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket. The Cape-Cod line, beyond Buz- zards Bay, runs on to Sandwich, a glass-manufacturing village near the new Cape-Cod Ship-Canal ; West Barnstable ; Barnstable, a quaint old Pilgrim shire town, near which are the well-known summer-resorts of Cotuit Port, Osterville, Centreville, and Hyannis, and the Indian Reservation of Marshpee ; and across the sandy Cape towns of Yarmouth, Harwich, Brewster, Orleans, Eastham, Wellfleet, and Truro (near the Highland Light), between the ocean and Massachusetts Bay, and celebrated as nurs- eries of daring sailors and expert fishermen. At the end of the route (and of Cape Cod) is the singular and picturesque old Provincetown, built around a noble harbor between the sea and the desert of white sand-hills. 74 The tourist should visit Cottage City, with over 1,000 cottages that range from a four-room tent up to pahuial villas. The avenues are concreted and gracefully laid out ; grass lawns with flower beds extend to the piazzas of the cottages, making a picture unlike anything else in America. There are miles of concrete drives over the Bluffs, which give a charming view of the Sound with its perpetual panorama of vessels; delightful rides to the old towns of Holmes Hole and Kdgartown, famous in days gone by as whaling stations. TO TAUNTON, FALL RIVER, AND NE\A/^PORT. The Old-Colony Railroad crosses Dorchester, Quincy, and Braintree, to shoe-making Randolph and Stoughton; Taunton, a city of 30,000 inhab- itants, making locomotives, tacks, copper, etc., with tree-shaded streets radiating from Taunton Green. Fall River is a city of 65,000 inhabitants, mostly engaged in making cotton cloth, with fine public buildings, and pleasantly situated on Mount-Hope Bay. From Fall River, the train runs down Rhode Island to Newport, a city of 20,000 inhabitants, and the most aristocratic of American summer-resorts. Visitors should drive out Believue Avenue, by the magnificent villas of wealthy New-York and Boston patricians; and see the Old Stone Mill, whose origin is attributed to the Norsemen in the eleventh century; the statue of Commodore Perry; the Redwood Library; the ancient Trinity Church, built long before the Revolution; the State House, dating from 1742; the ancient Vernon, Penrose, and Channing mansions; the beautiful beaches and rocks; and the vast defences of Fort Adams, which is always well garrisoned and maintained. On two days in each week, the gates are thrown open; and the commandant keeps open house, the band playing at intervals. The Cliff Walk leads along the sea bluffs, on which the pedestrian may ramble to Easton's Beach and around the southern point to Fort Adams. The points of interest along the Cliff Walk are innumerable, descents by steps in the rocks leading to caves and caverns, beaches and billows. Spouting Rock is in this direction. Another interesting walk is to Easton's Point, Purgatory Bluffs, and Hanging Rock. The visitor should spend a few hours on Canonicut Island, crossing the harbor by steam-ferry. From the old tower on the Dumplings is obtained one of the finest possible views of Narragansett Bay. SEA-TRIPS. One of the greatest charms of Boston in summer is its accessibility to the sea, over which trips may be taken at almost every hour of the day, in comfortable steamboats, at low prices. It is exceedingly refreshing to diver- 75 sify the round of sight-seeing and shopping by taking one of these short trips, entering the cool and salty air of the ocean, and enjoying the novel restfulness of the voyage. The coasts and islands around Massachusetts Bay are very picturesque and highly diversified, dotted with white cities and towns, and abounding in localities forever famous in history, legend, and poetry. These manifold attractions are fully described in King's illus- trated Handbook of Boston Harbor, which is for sale at all bookstores, and at the United-States Hotel news-stand. BOSTON HARBOR, TO HULL AND NANTASKE P. N.B. Before starting, verify steamer's time table by inquiry at office of the Hotel. The Blue- Line street-cars marked " Depots and Ferries," running past the United-States Hotel every seven minutes, and to the south down Lincoln Street, lead to piers of the harbor steamboats. Steamboats from Rowe's Wharf for Hull and Nantasket, almost every hour, in summer. Fare, 25 cents. The steamboat has hardly left its pier when the interest of the voyage begins. On the right, the narrow water-lane of Fort-Point Channel runs off to the South Bay; on the left is the broad mouth of the Charles and Mystic Rivers, with the Navy Yard at the head of its vista. The long line of docks and piers, steamships and elevators, on the left, is the water-front of East Boston. On the right are the great piers and docks of South Boston, covered with railway tracks, freight-houses, and elevators. This broad and busy plain has been constructed within a few years, on the mud-flats, by building substantial sea-walls and filling in with gravel. At a mile from the State House, the steamboat passes through a fleet of small vessels and yachts, anchored off Fort-Point Channel. Mr. Howells has given us this beautiful picture of the inner harbor : " A light breeze ruffled the surface of the bay, and the innumerable little sail-boats that dotted it took the sun and wind upon their wings, which they dipped almost into the sparkle of the water, and flew lightly hither and thither like gulls that loved the brine too well to rise wholly from it. The steamships of many coast-lines gloom, with their black, capacious hulks, among the lighter sailing-craft, and among the white, green-sbuttered passenger-boats; and behind them those desperate and grimy sheds assume a picturesqueness, their sagging roofs and crooked gables harmonizing agreeably with the ship- ping; and then, growing up from all, rises the mellow-tinted, brick-built city, roof and spire and dome, — a fair and noble sight, indeed, and one not surpassed for a certain quiet and cleanly beauty by any that I know." The high hills of South Boston rise on the right, crowned by the great building which has been occupied for more than forty years by the Perkins 76 School for the Blind. In the nearer waters, several gray old hulk^ are moored, containing reserve stocks of powder. Farther on. City Point appears with its fleet of yachts, beyond which towers the boys' asylum on Thompson's Island. On the left, observe the spindle rising from the shoals which mark the site of Bird Island, long since washed away by the tides. At three miles from the State House, the steamboat passes between Governor's Island (on the left), with the lofty mounds and citadel of Fort Winthrop and Castle Island (on the right), almost covered by the handsome Fort Independence. The view widens rapidly, and the course is laid for more than two miles across President Roads. On the right, the asylum on Thompson's Island appears again; and the high barn crowning the bluff of Spectacle Island is nearer. On the left rise the graceful elms of Apple Island, with the diversified shores and villages of Winthrop beyond. On every side, the green islands rest, fair emeralds on a sapphire plain, full ot poetic charm ; and ahead is the great sea, vague, vast, and dreamy. Next, we run between Long Island, on the right, with the abandoned hotel near its centre, and Deer Island, on the left, where rise the great brick buildings of the city correctional institutions. At the sixth mile from the State House, the boat runs with Broad Sound and the open sea on one side, and on the other the bluff of Long-Island Head, crowned by a light- house and the green mounds of a battery. She then passes the black pyra- mid of Nix's Mate, and enters the ship-channel, having Lovell's Island on the left, and Gallop's Island, with its hospitals and high bluffs, on the right. If the tide favors, however, the boat leaves the channel before reaching Nix's Mate, and steers straight for Hull. Beyond Fort Warren, she runs across Nantasket Roads, with the buildings on Rainsford Island on the light, and the archipelago about the lighthouse and the open sea on the left. In front are the lonely cliffs of Peddock's Island and the snug village of Hull, with the many-gabled Hotel Pemberton proudly prominent. After traversing a swift and narrow strait, the steamer rounds in at Hull. If you are not inclined to land here, the boat will carry you on across a broad bay, with Nantasket Beach on the left, and Peddock's Island and the Quincy and Weymouth shores on the right; past the rounded Bumpkin Island, and between White Head and the pasture-hills of World's End; and then up the picturesque Weir River to the Nantasket-Beach pier, hard by the Hotel Nantasket, and but a few minutes' walk from the surf. Other steamboats, after leaving Hull, run south-east across the inner bay for two miles, and reach the pier at Strawberry Hill, a short distance from the sea. DOWNER LANDING AND HINGHAM. Steamboats run from Rowe's Wharf eight or ten times daily to Hull, 77 Downer Landing, and Hingham, over the same route as just described to Bumpkin Island, whence their course turns to the pretty summer-resort of Downer Landing, founded by Samuel Downer (of kerosene-oil fame), and overlooking the broad southern expanses of the harbor. Thence they wind up the tortuous harbor of Hingham to the quaint and delightful old village at its head. Small steamboats also run down the harbor several times daily, follow- ing the same route to the waters beyond Fort Independence, where they bear off to the north-east to Point Shirley. Here, they connect with railway for the pretty summer-villages of Ocean Spray, Beachmont, and the Point of Pines, at the farther end of Revere Beach. The return may be made by the Boston, Revere-Beach & Lynn Railroad (narrow-gauge) to East Boston, whence the railroad ferry runs across to Boston. The Nahant Steamboat runs several times daily from India Wharf, following the route first described as far as Deer Island, and then steaming out through Broad Sound and into the open bay, across which a short voyage, with the picturesque Winthrop and Revere Beaches and Saugus and Maiden hills on the left, leads to the patrician peninsula of Nahant. It is well to drive around this sea-girt town, seeing the villas of Longfellow, Agassiz, James, Henry Cabot Lodge, and others, and then ride across the long Nahant Beach to Lyim, whence you may return to Boston by the Eastern Division of the Boston & Maine Railroad, or by the narrow-gauge railroad, by the Point of Pines and along Revere Beach. The Gloucester Line runs twice daily over the same route, as far as Broad Sound, whence it bears away to the north-east, passes Nahant well off- shore, and approaches the famous North Shore, where it enters the busy harbor of Gloucester, near the seaward end of Cape Ann. The Provincetown Steamboat makes a daily trip down the harbor and out across the broad Massachusetts Bay, reaching the iiTteresting old fishing- port of Provincetown, where the Mayflojuer first anchored in 1620, in about four hours. The Plymouth Steamboat makes one round trip daily, passing the forts and islands in the order mentioned on page 76. Outside of Boston Light, it turns to the southward, down the Old-Colony coast, passing Nantasket Beach and its hotels, the Minot's Ledge Lighthouse, Cohasset, Scituate, Marshfield, and Duxbury, and finally entering the picturesque and deeply interesting harbor of Plymouth, with the Miles-Standish memorial-tower on a high hill to the right, and the colossal statue on the national monument to the Forefathers towering over the town ahead. N.B. Before starting, verify steamer's time table by inquiry at office of the Hotel. 78 EXCURSIONS IN MASSACHUSETTS BAY, One of the chief factors in the summer pleasure of Boston is the Immense steamer JV^cw York. The trips to the North Shore, the Shoals, the Merrimack River, Provincetovvn, Highland Light, and the Fishing Grounds, take all day, the steamer leaving at lo A.M. and returning by 7 P.M. The fare is 75 cents. The voyage in the Bay takes from 2.30 to 5.30 P.M.; and the moonlight excursions take from 8 to 10.45 P-M., the fare on each of these two being 50 cents. The boat does not go out, unless the weather is favorable. Her pier is at Battery Wharf (379 Commercial Street), on the route of the street-cars to Chelsea Ferry and East Boston. On the all-day trii)s, dinners are served on board. The favorite route taken by the Nezv York leads down the beautiful harbor, by the three forts, the municipal buildings on Deer Isiand, and Bos- ton Light, and out into the open Bay. Here, it passes a panoramic line of summer-resorts and cities, — Lynn, with the rocky heights of Saugus beyond; Nahant, with Egg Rock off its northern point; the red-roofed villas and hotels of Swampscott; the legend-haunted towns of Marblehead and Salem, with their spires and towers wreathed with chaplets of poetry and romance; and the populous coasts of Beverly Farms, Manchester-by-the-Sea, and Magnolia, with the great Essex woods outlined against the horizon, and the black reef of Norman's Woe in the sea. Next, the white houses of Gloucester appear; and the steamer holds its way past Eastern Point; around the granite lighthouses on Thacher's Island; off the granite quar- ries of Rockport and the summer-hotels of Pigeon Cove; around into Ipswich Bay, to the shores of Annisquam, in sight of the hills of Newbury. Two other trips the New York makes, — one reaching to the mouth of the Merrimack River, famous in the ballads of Whittier, in full view of Newburyport; and the other passing beyond this point and ending at the Isles of Shoals, those wonderful surf-beaten crags, with their summer- hotels, rhe voyage across the Bay to Provincetown is full of interest, and attracts many people who desire to get well-nigh out of sight of land. After passing the Light, the steamer heads boldly out to sea, with the South and North Shores unfolding on the right and left quarters; and, after a time, the long, low line of outer Cape Cod rises from the level eastern horizon. Occasionally, the vessel passes around Cape Cod, and runs down as far as Highland Light, or even to Martha's Vineyard. Once a week, the Ntw York goes out on a fishing-excursion, running out to the Middle G'ound, which is between the capes of Massachusetts, about twenty-five miles from Boston Light. The usual afternoon trip in tlie Bay is patronized by thousands, and affords views of the North and South Shores. The course is la'd along the out.side of Nantasket Beach and the Cohasset shores to Minot's Light, giving an admirable prospect of the hotels, headlands, and villages, and of the great stone lighthouse, rising from the lonely sea. From "thence, the steamer runs northward nearly to Marblehead Neck, and returns along the North Shore. On moonlight evenings, the steamerleavesher pier at about eight o'clock, and runs out past Boston Light, and along the front of Nantasket Beach. On the return voyage, the saloon is used for dancing, orchestral music being given by the band ; and by eleven o'clock the boat reaches Boston. A GRADUATED SCALE OF CHARGES HAS BEEN ADOPTED, which guests may select such rooms and accommodations as they may require at corre- sponding prices, by application at the office on registering. The regular tariff of charges for each person will be as follows : For Room and Full Day's Board, $2.50, )0, and $3.50. For Rooms with parlor or Bath-Room, $ I .00 to $3 00 extra. For all fractions of a day ioom only, $1.00, $ I .50, $2.00, according to size and location. For Single Meals, 75 cents. Charge5 be made for Rooms and Full Board from the time they are engaged until they are given up. ENGAGEMENTS MAY BE MADE FOR ROOMS ONLY, WITH ME.\LS WHEN REQUIRED. iCIAL RATES WILL BE MADE FOR LARGE PARTIES OR PERMANENT CUEST& Guests will please notify ike Clerk, on registering, the class of accommodations required, and thus avoid all possible misunderstanding. Dear Sir: — I beg to call your attention to the entire change in the manage- ment and the very extensive improvements and alterations in this old established and always popular hotel, it is now believed to be un- equalled for extent and variety of rooms, both public and private, all of which are most comfortably furnished and conveniently arranged singly or en suite. Its broad corridors, grand old parlors, the supe- rior excellence of its table and notable character of its guests, all com- bine to make it the most home-like house in Boston. The United States recommends itself particularly to gentlemen spend- ing a few weeks or months in the city, and to ladies and families, as possessing all the comforts of a home; while its charges are moderate and regulated by the accommodations required, allowing guests the choice of the most simple or more sumptuous apartments at correspond- ing prices. An inspection of rooms and comparison of accommodations and charges is respectfully solicited. Yours truly, TILLY HAYNES, Resident Proprietor. 8o 'N suggesting to intending visitors to Boston tlie name of the "Old United Staies Hotel," the proprietor feels jus- tified in recommending the house for just what it is, no more, no less. The hotel was built over half a century ago, as a great FAMILY HOTEL, whcrcin most of the owners and their families resided. As a consequence, it was arranged more for safety, COMFORT, and convenience than the more modern and pre- tentious HOTELS. The hotel covers an entire square, nearly two acres of ground, surrounding large open spaces, by which every room in the house is open to the sunlight and plenty of fresh air ; and there are no guests' ROOMS ABOVE THE THIRD FLOOR, while twelve separate and distinct stairways reach from the upper floor to the street. These items of sunlight and rooms below the clouds, w^ith plenty of direct and convenient access to the street, will rec- ommend themselves to all thinking people, and will need no comment by us. LXOGAIPION OP fPHE OLD UNIJFBD STAIPES r)OTBL. Added to the safety, comfort, and convenience of the old house itself is the fact that its location, while not in the most expensive and aristocratic part of the city, is certainly the most convenient and accessible of any hotel in Boston, al- most in the centre of all the great wholesale and retail estab- lishments, and the nearest first class hotel to all the popular places of amusements and interest, while it is surrounded with a network of street-car lines radiating to every part of Boston, and connecting with every railroad and steamboat for city, sea- shore, and suburbs, while only one block from all the great Southern and Western railroad stations. The Boston and Albany for New York and the West ; Old Colony for Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard, and all seashore points on the Cape ; the Fall River Line for Newport and New York ; the New Y'ork and New England for New York, Phila- delphia, Washington, and all Southern points. Passengers arriving or leaving by them have all light bag- gage CONVEYED free TO AND FROM STATIONS, THUS SAVING ALL EXPENSE OF BAGGAGE OR CARRIAGE HIRE. The present proprietor took possession of the property in 1880 for a long term of years at a nominal rental ; and it has been the aim to make it a comfortable and home-like house? regulating the charges according to rooms required, from $2.50 to $3.50 per day for rooms and full board, and for the season from $14 to $25 per week, with single room at $1 per day, thus meeting the wants of the most economical or the more sumptu- ous, our motto being excellence v^^ithout extravagance. ©HE LlOGAJPION And facilities recommend themselves particularly to ladies and families, to excursion parties, and to ladies visiting the city for shopping or attending the numerous entertainments and exhi- bitions, or as head-quarters for families wishing to make daily excursions to the thousand places of interest with which Boston is surrounded. Respectfully, TILLY HAYNES, Resident Proprietor. " The best and most desirable Hotel in Boston is the United States, where there is no attempt at style, but a great deal of attention paid to the comfort and oleasure of patrons." — Boston Herald, April 12. Transfer ■werneersSchoolUby. June 29,1931 o^ >.^ <^ G" 0' -^ :>,. ^!'r>." ^ ''V^ LIBRARY BINDING v5=^« r* ■'^, *. -j>,,^ ., - , ^ ST^GUSTINE A » rHVlf /h,"o "^ ^^^ * Sli^ * ^^ '^' '32084 ■^ LIBRARY OF CONGRESS