GV 1133 
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GV 1133 
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 OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Spa KKiNt; j~()K ""AN ()i'i:m XG, (OnCoNcr.) 
 
 Photo of Authok. (Frontispiece.) 
 
 Lkft JIanu Lead kok Face — Incorrect: c; 
 
 Sti<ikin(; the '* Tk AixiN(,-BAri." 13 
 
 5. Attitude — Correct. 17 
 
 6. ArrrTL'DE — Incorrect. 21 
 
 7. Sp.nkking for ''a\t Opening."" 25 
 
 S. Exercises at the "Wat l-Pau." 29 
 
 g. The Knee-Kick. 33 
 
 10. Right-IIand Counter on Neck 37 
 
 I I. EsCx\PING RiGIIT-IIaND CoUN lER (3N XkCK. 4I 
 
 12. RiGH i-ITand Cross-Counter , 4::; 
 
 13. Stop for Right-IIand Cross-Cou:,ter, 49 
 
 14. Parrying and Countering , 53 
 
 15. Left- Hand I>ead for Face — Correct 1^7 
 
 16. Lefi-II AND Lead for ''Mark." 61 
 
 17. Parry e^or Left-IIand Lead for ''Mark.*" 65 
 
 iS. Guard fok Right-IIand Swinging Blow at Body. . 69 
 
 Parry eor Right-IIand Swinging; Blow a i- Neck 73 
 
 TOP FOR RiGHT-TIaND SWINGING BlOW AT N EClv 77 
 
 H ight-Hand Upper-Cut or 
 
 EF i-IIand Upper-Cut. S5 
 
 23. Rigiit-Hand Body Blow on "Mark." 89 
 
 24. Right-IIand Counter, Over the Heart 93 
 
 25. Slipping 97 
 
 26. Lkft-IIand ''Bat'' and Right-Hand Counter. loi 
 
 27. In-Fighting. 105 
 
 28 , Side-Step. 109 
 
 29. Chancery Hold No. I in 
 
 30. Break for Chancery Hold No. i. 113 
 
 31. Cil\ncery Hold No. 2 115 
 
 32. Break for Chancery Hold No. 2 117 
 
 33. B.\ck-Heeling. 119 
 
 34. Break for Back-Heeling 121 
 
 35. Cross-Buttock. u;^ 
 
 iz. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 page. 
 Introductorj 1 1 
 
 Explanation of PhravSes 20 
 
 Attitude 23 
 
 Sparring for an Opening 27 
 
 Advancing and Retreating 31 
 
 Right- Hand Counter on Neck 47 
 
 Escaping Right-Hand Counter on Neck 48 
 
 Right- Hand Cross-Counter 48 
 
 Stop for Right-Hand Cross-Counter 51 
 
 Parrjing and Countering 51 
 
 Left- Hand Lead for Face 55 
 
 Left- Hand Feint and Right-Hand Finish 55 
 
 Left-Hand Lead for " Mark " 56 
 
 Parrj for Left-Hand Lead at '' Mark" 60 
 
 Left Hand Feint and Left-Hand Finish 60 
 
 Feint to '• Draw " 64 
 
 Feint to Retire and Attack 64 
 
 Guard for Right-Hand Swinging Blow at Body 67 
 
 Parry for Right-Hand Swinging Blow at Neck 68 
 
 Stop for Right-Hand Swinging Blow at Neck 6S 
 
 Right-Hand Upper-Cut 68 
 
 Left-Hand Upper-Cut 7^ 
 
page 
 
 Right-Hand Lead for "Mark" 72 
 
 Right-Hand Counter Over Heart 72 
 
 One-Handed Parry and Counter 71; 
 
 <' Slipping " 76 
 
 Left-Hand " Bat" and Right-Hand Counter 79 
 
 In-Fighting . , 80 
 
 Side Step , 83 
 
 Chancerj-Hold and Back-Heeling — Ren arks 84 
 
 Chancery- Hold No. i , 84 
 
 Break for Chancery -Hold No. i , 84 
 
 Chancery-Hold No, 2 . . 87 
 
 Break for Chancery tlold No, 2. 8'*^ 
 
 Back-Heeling gi 
 
 Break for Back- Heeling 91 
 
 Cross-Buttock , 91 
 
 ^he Pivot Blow 92 
 
 Dumb-Bells — Remarks, 9:; 
 
 Dumb- Bell Exerci:^es 96 
 
 Addenda i* »o 
 
 David H. Blanchard's American Fair Play Rules, . . . , ^07 
 
 
6-^ 
 
 PretVe 
 
 in oifer! ig^ I'nis work to the public. I will not feign 
 a hu'Yiiiity wiich I do not f -3\: -or wi'l I offer any apology. 
 Wee ! not salishe i tiiac it w.ll fill a yoid m the hteratuie on 
 1; o/ii!g I sh. u' \ i'Ol ha/e sul;ni!tted it to die £carch-!ight of 
 I ubliC cnticiSiii 
 
 fhouah In r'3 are many books treating of the same sub- 
 ject^ vvrire:-! l)/ a.jh ;vriter-> and famous boxers, yet so much 
 ()i imporian^e has been left unsaid; so little attention has 
 h?e 1 given to the ceta.ls of the science the audiors, as a 
 rule a Klessmg .hemselves lo those persons vvho tiave had 
 "di ; benefit of car^TuI training under a competent mstruc- 
 lor -that much cause exists for complaint from the novice 
 seeking light upon the subject. 
 
 There are thousands of boys and men desir ng 'o acquire 
 the science of self-defense who, for var o..s reason'^, arc 
 unable or unwilling to put themselves under the care of a 
 professional i-^structor, and whoj-istlv compain of their in- 
 aoilitv to become proficient in the science d'.rough the study 
 of books; ail of whxh are. appi-irently, intended as quiz- 
 books 
 
 The object of this work is especially to deal v^it'i the be- 
 'inn.er: as ihe title implies. Mr. Thomas Logan in the 
 Philadelphia Errning Bulletin, says of it: •■ Advance sheets 
 show that it would even benefit man/ of the boxers ■ nd 
 'professors' now In the business. ^^ 
 
 Particular stress is given to instruction in the p.oper and 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 msthodical action of the feet, for although al! writers on the 
 sjDjJct th IS far have agreed that well trained feet and legs 
 are a vary necessary essential to scientific boxing, none of 
 tiam have as y \: \o mulated any rule b/ which the much- 
 desired scieatific action of the feet, in co j.mciion witii t e 
 ha 1 J ., .n-ay be learned 
 
 •^ou .vii| oo-v3r/e that I offer no combmaiion of blow^ 
 h, irjin, My experie ice, as a teacher, is that the pupiTs own 
 judgment is his best guide, after he has mastered the simp! ; 
 exercises. Combinations are more likely to puzzie than to 
 enlighten the pupil, and are only resorted to by those teach- 
 ers (?) who "string out" their work — having but little of 
 importanc:^ to impart, Mr. Harry Weldon in the Cincinnati 
 Enquirer says : "There is no doubt that such a book is 
 needed. Doran has followed the advice of the famous Dean 
 Swift a^^\ oaly used language that is within the compre- 
 hension of his humblest readers. There are no far-fetched 
 r3hash3s, nor distracting comparisons nur references He 
 offers Kis instructions in a simple an J concise manner, that 
 g ves the reader a chance to reach the object sought with- 
 out floundering through a ma^s of grandiloquent reiteration. 
 Any two men A'ho caref-illy endeavor to execute each move 
 inent described ought to become proficient/ 
 
 I would respectf jhy call your attention to the following 
 opinion of the method which I teach, f'om a high authont , 
 Th? National Police Gazette, of New York, m its issue of 
 October i, 1887: — 
 
 " * * * To one somewhat familiar with the mode heretofore 
 in V0TJ3. a very brief time is sufficient to show the superior ex- 
 cellence of the method and its vast improvement over anything :n 
 that line yet presented to our citizens of athletic or pugilistx 
 tastes. * * * The old style lacked method. In it, p!uck and, 
 above all, physical endurance won the battle — miaht was right 
 * * * Unier Prof. Doran's instruction, the weak and timid, af- 
 ter a thorough c^ur^e ">f instruction become self reliant, and able 
 
PRE FA CE. 
 
 to cope with twice their weight, when art is opposed to simple 
 bruie Torce * * * The high esteem m which the Professor is 
 held by competent judges, and all who have practically tested his 
 method, is the best evidence of his excellence." 
 
 In this work I endeavor to carry the pupil through each 
 lesson as nearly as possible after the manner in which I have 
 so successfully imparted the science in some of our largest 
 Colleges and Athletic Associations. The strictest attention 
 is devoted to the little details, or technical points, so very 
 necessary to the beginner; thereby preventing the pupil 
 from confirming himself in an error on one point while he 
 ^ is giving especial attention to another. 
 
 Self-control is the first principle in boxing. Some one 
 has tritely said, " beautiful, impulsive people have black 
 eyes , if they are not born with them, they get them before 
 they die " Practice each movement calmly and carefully ; 
 knowledge and accuracy will beget confidence and quick- 
 ness. Bv delivering your blow lightly upon the point de- 
 sired, while avoiding the counter-blow of your opponOfit, 
 you convince him of your superior ability quite as strongly, 
 and leave a much better impression in the minds of spec- 
 tators 
 
LEFT-HAND LEAD INCORRECTLY EXECUTED. 
 
Science of S^If-Defeii5e. 
 
 PRELIMINARY REMARKS. 
 
 Particular attention is called to the following impor- 
 tant details in the science of boxing: 
 
 In striking at your opponent always cast your head 
 to the side opposite to the hand with which you are 
 striking ; for instance, when you lead at your opponent's 
 face, or '' mark," with your left, cast your head m eJl to- 
 ward the right side, and vice-versa. Avoid the very 
 general mistake, noticeable in improperly -taught boxers, 
 of turning the head to the right and back, thereby ex- 
 posing the side of your face to your opponent's attack 
 and dropping your eyes toward your right shoulder and 
 the ground. Keep your eyes upon the face of your 
 opponent, not "because you can tell by his eyes when or 
 where he is going to strike you," but because you can 
 more clearly follow the motions of both of his hands by 
 so doing. Do not study his face, but just keep your 
 eyes upon it, and after a little practice you will be able 
 to detect the slightest movement of his feet, hands or 
 head in time to prepare for counter-action. He woulr] 
 be a very poor boxei* who would let his eyes betray his 
 movements in advance. If your opponent knew that 
 you believed he would look where he intended deliver- 
 ing his blow, or allow any action of the nerves to indi- 
 
 (") 
 
12 DOUAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENS Z. 
 
 cate ivhcn he intended to strike, you would be compar- 
 itively at his mercy; for what would prevent him Irom 
 dropping his eyes to your diaphragm and rapi)ing ycni 
 on the nose, and vice-versa? 
 
 When you see two men boxing, observe the advan- 
 t^ige in fav(>r of him who watches his opponent instead 
 of dropping his eyes or turning away his face when 
 exchanges become rapid. You will observe, also, \\\vX 
 he who casts his head opposite to the hand with whit h 
 he is striking, escapes the greater part of the punish- 
 ment directed at his head, while his opponent, if he does 
 not also shift the head, as directed, receives man\ a 
 stinging reminder of his error. 
 
 When leading, or countering, remember to cast the 
 slioulder well out with the blow; but a matter of the 
 utmost impoitance, and which is too often overlooked 
 by those endeavoring to instruct in the science of sell- 
 defense, is: always cast the opposite shoulder well and 
 forcibly back, swinging the body from above the hips; 
 by so doing you not only prepare for the delivery of 
 another blow, but you propel the blow being delivend 
 with much greater force and very materially increase 
 your reach. For example, strike out with your kfi 
 hand and throw your right shoulder forcibly back as far 
 as it can go, then strike out with your right hand and 
 bring the left shoulder fully back at exactly the same 
 time. Practice this at the wall pad. Do not fall into 
 the error of mistaking your elbow for your shoulder, 
 casting it back instead of the shoulder. Many boxers 
 capable of delivering a powerful blow with their rigiit 
 can deliver little more than a shove with their left, sim- 
 ply because they always bring the right shoulder fully 
 back, ready for the delivery of a blow, and never — even 
 while delivering their right — more than half prepare the 
 
STRIKING THE " TRAININQ-BAG; 
 
DDRAN^S SCIENCTEl OF SELF-DEFENSE. I5 
 
 left shoulder; usually merely bringing back the elbow. 
 
 Striking straight so as to hit the point aimed at, and 
 properly judging the distance at which you can spi ing in 
 and plant your blow fairly, are about the hardest thin^^s 
 to acquire in boxmg. Even so-called good boxers fre- 
 quently fall short of the object they aim their blow at. 
 and the blow of the novice very often passes inches to 
 one side of its object. To overcome tliis inaccuracy of 
 aim, and to learn to correctly judge di-tance, take a pad 
 and place it upon the wall about Mve feet three mches 
 from the floor, stand where you can hit it with your 
 closed fist when your arm is fully extended, the opposite 
 shoulder thrown well back and your side facing it, 
 practice striking it and swaying your head from side to 
 side opposite to the blow being delivered; and remem- 
 ber, it one hand does not land upon the pad as solidlv 
 as the other it is because you do not swing the body and 
 cast back the opposite shoulder fully. 
 
 Be careful not to start the blow for a point higher 
 than the object you wish to strike, as you will then 
 have to drop your hand and arm to reach it — as in the 
 old obsolete blow known as "the chopper" — making a 
 weak and slow blow. Always allow your blow to have 
 an upper tendency. The habit of hitting out above 
 your opponent's face, then dropping your fist upon his 
 nose, may, to some people, look fancy and clever in light 
 sparring, but it will handicap vou in a fight. 
 
 The American heavy-weight ex-chaaipion, if not 
 misquoted, must have been "guying" the reporter who 
 accredited him with saying, " this is one of the severest 
 of blows," as a very slight knowledge of the action of 
 the biceps, triceps and the pectoralis muscles will con- 
 vince you that the blow is weak and ineffective. 
 
 Another exercise that will assist you in striking 
 
i6 doran's scikxce of SKLF-DEFKXCJL. 
 
 straight, swiiTging the shoulders perfectly, and correctly 
 judging the distance at which an object can be struck 
 most effectivelj, is hitting the '' tiaining-bag/' an inflated 
 rubber ball covered with soft leather, and suspended 
 from the ceiling by a light, strong rope; but in this ex- 
 ercise be careful not to fall into the error of driving the 
 bag with the right hand and n':erely sticking oui the 
 left for the bag to strike against as it returns, as 3 ou 
 will so often see done. Do not strike with ei her 
 hand too hard at first, or until you learn to keep the 
 bag going from and returning straight to you, mean- 
 while casting back the shoulder opposite to the one 
 delivering the blow, swinging your body to reverse 
 the shoulders and keeping the head swaying from side 
 to side, as directed. You can tell when you are hitting 
 the bag correctly by the way it returns to 3^ou, if it is 
 not struck fairly in the center it will jump upward as 
 it goes from you, or away to one side in returning to- 
 ward you. So, endeavor to keep it going and return- 
 ing straight. But unless you faithfully follow the 
 directions as above, it were better that you do not 
 practice at all, as praetiee upon a bad principle, or, what 
 is worse, no principle at all, will but confirm error and 
 render it more difficult to conquer. 
 
 Do not swing your blow in a semi-circle. You 
 know that the circumference is three times the diam- 
 eter of a circle, therefor the swinging blow has one- 
 half more distance to travel than the blow delivered 
 straight from the shoulder, which fact makes it less 
 liable to catch a quick man ; and you do not need les- 
 sons in boxing to become the equal of slow, unscien- 
 tific men, but to become their master in all that per- 
 tains to the science of self-defense. And last, though 
 
ATTilUDE— CORRECT POSiTlON. 
 
DORAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENSE. I9 
 
 not least, is the consideration that you are more apt 
 to injure your hand or wrist than you are to punish 
 your opponent. 
 
 If the real cause were known, it would be found 
 that a great majority of the injuries to the hands and 
 arms, sustained by boxers and pugilists, are caused b}^ 
 their swinging their arms in semi-circles when deliv- 
 ering their blows. You not infrequently read in the 
 report of fights of some noted boxer knocking out 
 his opponent by a <' swinging blow on the neck," re- 
 member that in most cases the swinging was done by 
 the body and shoulder, and not by swinging the arm 
 in a semi-circle; though the report is interpreted by 
 many "self-made" boxers to extenuate and agree with 
 their style. 
 
 Do not reach out and slap your opponent with the 
 tip of your open glove ; keep the glove closed. You 
 should be able to judge the distance properly so as to 
 spring in and deliver a blow with the closed glove so 
 lightly that it would not cause the most timid to 
 shrink from the irritation of the blow. 
 
 In boxing, nothing should be practiced that would not 
 be useful in an encounter. 
 
 You frequently see two men clawing, slapping and 
 stumbling about with boxing gloves on their hands, 
 under the impression that they are boxing, when it 
 really is only an awkward scramble, terrifying to 
 children and disgusting to adult spectators. So, 
 practice (lightly, to be sure,) only such movements as 
 will be useful in a contest. Reaching out and tapping 
 or slapping with the open glove increases your reach 
 by a few inches, and is frequently resorted to by those 
 
30 DORAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFE XSE. 
 
 boxers with no confidence in their own quickness or 
 knowledge of distance, it is very annoying to an op- 
 ponent who keeps his glove closed, and puts him at a 
 disadvatage in a friendly set-to, which he is likely to 
 overcome by sending in his blows more viciously. 
 Most injured thumbs are traceable to this fault of hit- 
 ting with the open glove, you are also apt to foul your 
 opponent by striking him with the <*heel," or palm, 
 of your hand. 
 
 DEFINITION OF PHRASES. 
 
 Draw — To feint at your opponent to draw him on 
 to an endeavor to counter upon you; hence the term, 
 draw; or, to leave a portion of your body unguarded 
 so that he may endeavor to land a leail thereon, thereby 
 giving you a chance to counter. Of course, simultane- 
 ously with countering you must protect the seeming 
 opening. The term, draw% is also used to denote a con- 
 test which has not been fought to a finish. 
 
 OpiiNiNG — That poition of the body above the belt 
 left most unguarded at the time. 
 
 Belt — A line around the body immediately abo\ c 
 the hips. 
 
 Mark — The diaphragm, just below the arch of the 
 ribs. 
 
 On Guard — In position to defend yourself, or to 
 nttack your opponent. 
 
 Feint — To pretend to strike \ our opponent at one 
 point so that he will guard that point, leaving unguard- 
 ed the point which you really desire to strike; or, to 
 pretend to strike so that he may endeavor to counter, 
 as in " draw." 
 
ATTITUDE— INCORRECT POSiTlON. 
 
DORAN S SCIENCE OF SEI.F-DEFEXSE. 3^ 
 
 Lead — The first blow deliveicd at each new assaidt. 
 
 Counter — The blow dcHverecl while parrying-, or 
 avoiding, vour opponent's lead. 
 
 Slugging — Rushing and f^orcing the fighting, mak- 
 ing your opponent fight at in-fighting; delivering youi* 
 blows with their gieatest force. 
 
 In -FIGHTING — Short-arm blows, delivered to with- 
 stand a rush w^hen space will not permit of proper 
 ijction and use of the feet. 
 
 Clinch — Grasping an opponent around the body or 
 arms to break the force of his blows, hugging to avoid 
 punishment or for the purpose of wrestling. 
 
 Foul — A blow struck below the belt, or otherwise 
 in opposition to the rules by which the contest is being 
 governed. 
 
 Time — The signal given to resume the contest at the 
 beginning of each round ; also now used to notify you 
 to take your corner for the stipulated re<t at the end of 
 each round. 
 
 ATTITUDE. 
 
 SU'v (\ witli the weight of the body on the right leg, 
 the knee '.)f wiiich should be slightly bent, giving you 
 the Hp[)eaiance of crouching, so that in the net of strik- 
 ing you c-m spring- toward your opponent. Keep the 
 left leg extended in front, with the ball of the fool lightly 
 touching the floor, keep the right foot under you so that 
 the back of your head w\\\ be in a perpendicular line 
 with you right heel ; do not lean back, bending at the 
 small of the back, as it is a th'esome, as well as an un- 
 safe, position. Head erect and slightly to the right so 
 as to keep it as far from your opponent's leach as pos- 
 
24 DOKAN^S SCIKNCE Ol^^ SELF-DEl'EXSE. 
 
 sible and to keep youi' right eye, or fighting-eye, out of 
 a direct line, thereby presenting only the left front of 
 your face to your opponent ; raise the left and lower the 
 right shoulder to allow the head to shift to the right 
 without straining the neck, carry your shoulders parallel, 
 do not stick the left shoulder forward as you see so fre- 
 quently done, in the position, as it were, of a partly- 
 delivered blow, for in that position, to strike properly 
 with the left hand, you will first have to draw back the 
 left shoulder and arm, which action consumes time and 
 iicts as a warning to a wide-awake opponent. 
 
 I have heard people — who were better fitted to look, 
 l.sten and learn than to criticise— object to presenting 
 the full front of the body to an opponent, asserting that 
 wiiile in th it position there is much danger of receiving 
 punishing blows upon the '* mark." If these critics ( ?) 
 would but accredit the man so standing with even aver- 
 age quickness^ they would see that his opponent could 
 not lead without his countering, and the action of coun- 
 teiing^or leading) would turn the left side forward and 
 Ibe rignt side hack^ or vlce-vcrsa; thereby leaving space 
 where tlie ''maik" was, thus avoiding tlie blow. 
 
 A good boxer will endeavor to land a lead upon an 
 <)l)ject where he sees it. and not hit out at the air, hoping 
 for something to get in the way of his blow ; as his 
 opponent may go in either of three directions safely: to 
 the left, right, or backward — though not forward and 
 down, as you may see illustrated in f^ome w^orks upon 
 the subject — therefore, depend upon your own quick- 
 iK^ss of head, hands and legs to land your blow safely, 
 i\nd not upon the slowness or stupidity of your oppo- 
 nent. Ovcr-confidciice causes 7Jtany defeats. So, carry 
 the left shoulder as far back as the right, and if anything 
 '\ little farther, thereby being alvva\ s in a position to 
 
SPARRING FOR AN OPENING. 
 
DOl^AX S SCIENCK OF 8ELF-DEFE\SK 27 
 
 either lead or counter without loss of time in preparatoiy 
 movements. Never lead with your right hand, at least 
 without first feinting with your left. 
 
 The left upper arm should be parallel with the body, 
 the forearm horizontal, palm of hand up ; the right arm 
 should be extended diagonally in front of the bod\', 
 palm down and slightly to the front, the right fist level 
 with the top of, and about twelve inches in advance of, 
 the left shoulder. The mouth must be kept fiimly 
 closed. It should not be necessary, as some people 
 seem to suppose, to w^ear a perpetual grin to assure vour 
 opponent that your intentions are friendly, as a com- 
 paritively light blow will dislocate a man's jaw wdien 
 his mouth is open. 
 
 Do not stiffen the muscles and move about like an 
 automaton, keep the muscles relaxed and supple until 
 you start your blow, that is time enough to harden the 
 arm and those muscles that are especially used when 
 } ()u are in the act of delivering a blow. Always make 
 it a point to reserve your strength all you possibly can. 
 
 SPARRING FOR AN OPENING. 
 
 While sparring for an opening, always step to the 
 right ; first, draw the left foot toward you about three 
 inches, cast the body forward, resting the weight of 
 the body upon the ball of the left foot, then cast the 
 right foot a pace to the right and land upon the ball 
 of the right foot; bend the right knee (crouch) and 
 turn the toes of the left fool out. You will then be in 
 
28 doran's science of self-defexse. 
 
 the position ''on guard" again ready to spring in 
 and attack your opponent, or receive him and defend 
 yourself. 
 
 When you hft your right foot to step to the right, 
 work the right shoulder back and the left shoulder for- 
 ward, which action will cause the right forearm and 
 the body to meet, bringing the ball of the right hand 
 thumb under the nipple of the left breast; in this 
 position, the right forearm will act as a bridge across 
 the ''mark," protecting that delicate portion of your 
 anatomy from injury, and cause the left arm to be 
 apparently threatening your opponent, so that when 
 you intend to lead at him your motions will not mate- 
 rially change, affording him less chance to judge ot 
 your meditated attack. 
 
 While the right foot is moving either to the r ght 
 or backward, you are comparitively helpless — see arti- 
 cle on Left Hand Bat and Right Hand Counter. As 
 you drop upon the ball of your right foot, bring the 
 left shoulder back and cast the right shoulder forward, 
 allowing the right forearm to advance diagonally to 
 its position in advance of the chest, as directed in 
 "Attitude," you will then be in position "on guard " 
 again. 
 
 Be careful that you do not cross your legs by step- 
 ping off to the right side with your left foot, as you 
 will be very prone to do. By drawing in the left foot 
 as directed, before stepping to the right with the right 
 foot, you will overcome the tendency to cross your 
 legs— a very helpless position ill case your opponent 
 attacks you at the time, and you would be apt to trip 
 yourself in endeavoring to get away. 
 
EXERCISING AT THE "WALL-PAD." 
 
DORAN S SCIENCE OK SKI.F I) KFENS E. 3I 
 
 Be sure your opponent is within reach when y©u 
 lead, then spring forward and deHver your blow fairly 
 upon the point aimed at before you retire ; if 3/'ou 
 practice this carefully with a friend you will not fall 
 into the absurd habit of falling short in your blow, or 
 of drawing back your body as your fist starts for your 
 opponent, as you see so often done by men w^io lack 
 confidence in themselves. 
 
 Do not throw your right foot out at a right- 
 angle with your body; keep the toes turned out at 
 about an angle of 60 degrees, as in their natural angle 
 when walking — if you saw a man walking on the street 
 with one foot in its natural position and the other be- 
 ing lifted along with the inside of the foot front, you 
 would very likely express sympathy for his affliction. 
 Then why voluntarily assume, in sparring, a position 
 which is unnatural, and which would excite your pity 
 when seen in another? An All-wise Creator would 
 have placed the insides of our feet front were that the 
 best position for them by which we might propel our- 
 selves forward. 
 
 ADVANCING AND RETREATING. 
 
 Persevere in the practice of what follows under 
 the above head, as you will find that the feet are 
 much more important in a fight than may appear to 
 ba the case at first sight, and, as an old-time professor 
 of the art very aptly remarked: ^^ When a man has 
 not been taught how to properly use his feet, they are, 
 if I may be allowed to use the expression, in his own 
 way, and he will frequently fall without the assistance 
 
33 DORAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENSE. 
 
 of a blow." And yet this writer, as well as others, 
 while agreeing that the feet should be carefully and 
 methodically trained, fails to offer any system by which 
 the feet may be practiced in the much-to-be-desired 
 proper movements. 
 
 The following is from the pen of the celebrated 
 Fernand Lagrange, M. D. ; you will observe that he 
 claims that no properly-executed blow of the fist can 
 bo given without the aid and proper action of the feet 
 and legs. He says: ^^ Let us analyse the phenomena 
 of a very simple movement. In order to be able to 
 move the forearm, the arm must be fixed to give a 
 point of application. The arm itself must be sup- 
 ported by the shoulder, and the shoulder by the ver 
 tebral column and the thorax. But the thorax and 
 the vertebral column being supported by the peivis, 
 and this by the lower extremities, the whole body is 
 obliged to associate in the movement of the forearm. 
 From head to foot all the muscles participate in the 
 most insignificant, and most localized, work. ' 
 
 In leading at your opponent, spring in (landing 
 upon the ball of the left foot) about eighteen to twenty- 
 six inches, bringing the right foot up at the same t me 
 as though feinting to kick, do not drop the right foot 
 to the floor until you have delivered your blow or 
 blows, for you may find it necessary to follow your 
 adversary, having staggered or driven him from you — 
 in case you do, you must drop the right foot directiy 
 under you, landing upon the ball of it, at the same 
 time shooting out the left foot, resuming the position 
 *^on guard," from whence you can spring in and lead 
 or rjceive your opponent. In executing the above 
 
THE KNEE-KICK. 
 
doran's science of self-defense 35 
 
 maneuvers, however, you must judge for yourself as 
 to the precise distance for the initial spring, exercising 
 care so as not to spring in too close, only so far that, 
 upon casting the body forward, you can plant your 
 blow fairly upon the object aimed at, for if your foot 
 is too close to your opponent the force of your own 
 blow will jar you backward, as you will be already 
 slightly over-balanced backward. 
 
 To receive your opponent, as he attacks you, 
 spring smartly from the right foot, carrying it up 
 and forward, and, at exactly the same time, bring 
 the left foot in under you beside the place where the 
 right foot was raised from, and parry and counter, or 
 duck your head (aside) and counter, as you wish or 
 think best, just as you land upon your left foot, as 
 your body will then be cast in with the blow which 
 you are delivering. You are neither advancing nor re- 
 treating thus far, for this motion merely casts the left 
 loot fairly under you, and bririgs the body forw^ard and 
 up with the blow, after delivering your counter. If you 
 have to retreat, swing the right leg back quickly, spring- 
 ing back from the left and landing upon the ball (,f the 
 r ght toot, bending at once at the right knee so as to be 
 ready again without delay to lead or counter. As you 
 spring back onto the right leg, do not Jet thf left foot 
 swing in too close after it, as you will then Ikin e to exe- 
 cute the extra movement of shoving out the left foot 
 noa'n before you are in position " on guaid;" bri r.g your 
 left foot hack with your left le^T extended, so that you 
 Will at once be ready t > repeat the receivmg motion or 
 t ) spring forward and attack your opponent. 
 
 To practice these movements, upon which, you will 
 find, hinges yor.r power to advance or retreat at will 
 
36 I) )ran's science of self-defense. 
 
 without preparatory or other warning movements, take 
 a pad and fasten it upon the wall about live feet three 
 inches from the floor ; make a chalk mark on the floor 
 parallel with the wall and about ten to twelve inches 
 therefrom. This mark we will call No^ i. Make an- 
 other mark about twenty inches back of No. i. This 
 mark we will call No. 2. Toe mark No. i with the left 
 foot ; toe mark No. 2 with the right foot in position " on 
 guard ;" spring off right foot, propelling the body up- 
 ward and forward, bringing the lei t foot back to mark 
 No. 2 at the same time. Always land upon the ball of 
 the foot ; the action is that of hopping, only that instead 
 of landing upon the foot from which you hopped, you 
 bring the left in under you and land upon it. Shoot the 
 left arm and shoulder out to plant your blow upon the 
 wall pad, and cast back the right shoulder and allow 
 the right forearm to bridge the " mark." 
 
 AH the foregoing movements of arms, shoulders and 
 feet must be executed simultaneously. As you deliver 
 your blow, the right foot must be brought well forward 
 and up, as though you were feinting a kick. When vou 
 have delivered your blow, or blows, spring oft" of left 
 foot, drop upon ball of right foot bnck of mark No. 2 
 and shove the left foot out to toe No. i ; again cast back 
 the left and forward the right shoulder, allowing the 
 right forearm to advance diagonally in front of the chest, 
 as directed in ''Attitude," and yon iirc ''on guard " again 
 and ready to repeat the exercise. These movements, 
 though necessarily having to be explained in detail, item 
 by item, must, nevertheless, be executed simultaneous! v. 
 
 Keep practicing the above until it is indelliblv im- 
 pressed npon your mind, and vour legs become so ac- 
 customed to the movements that thev will perfoim their 
 pait w itliont causing you any concern whijtever when 
 
RIGHT-HAND COUNTER ON NECK 
 CORRECTLY EXECUTED. 
 
doran's science of sej.f-dei-ense. 39 
 
 your mind i^ busied with its efforts to giasp and master 
 other movements. 
 
 After learning to spring properly and to carry your- 
 self conectlv while delivering the left-hand blow, prac- 
 tice striking with the left and tlien tiie riglit. in rapid 
 succession, planting both blows fairly tipon the point 
 aimed at. while balancing upon the lett foot and before 
 dropping the right foot to the floor again. 
 
 l>e caiefid to swing your shoulders back and forth to 
 their full extent, carry the head first to the right then to 
 the left, to the side, opposite to that from w^hich the blow 
 is being delivered, letting the right forearjn bridge [he 
 '' mark" as the left is propelled forward in delivering a 
 blow, advancing it in front of the body with the palm 
 down and out and level with, and about twelve inches 
 in advance of, the h ft shoulder as you bring back the 
 left arm and shoulder, and resume position " on guard " 
 It will be observed that, as the left hand is resting on 
 the wall pad and the right shoulder thrown well back, 
 the right shoulder and forearm are in line with the ob- 
 ject struck by the left, and is ready for delivery as the 
 left returns, if necessary, without pulling back the fore- 
 arm and hand, thereby uncovering the 'mark," as you 
 see done by boxers who fail to cast back the shoulder 
 opposite that which is driving in a blow. 
 
 It may appear that I dwell upon the foregoing move- 
 ments at undue length ; but such is not the case. I do 
 so because they are of the utmost importance and can 
 not be passed lightly over ; and unless thoroughly 
 learned bv the pupil, he will be handicapped, and un- 
 prepared for acquiring the subsequent instruction. , 
 
 A simple showing' of what follows would suffice,, if 
 vour feet would perform their part properly, otherwise 
 the best instructor could not make a good boxer of you. 
 
4o doran's science of self-defense. 
 
 Many pupils bring discredit upon their teacher, be 
 he ever so good, merely on account of their perversity in 
 tr\ ing to jump into active sparring w^ithout first learning 
 the most important, and equally tedious, early exei cises. 
 
 When you first begin to practice delivering your 
 IjIow, or blows, while balancing upon the ball of the 
 left foot, you will no doubt imagine that a child could 
 push hard enough to jar you back, and also that if your 
 opponent were to duck or step aside that you would 
 overbalance forward and sprawl all over the floor — 
 which is very probable indeed, as there is no more em- 
 barrassing position, or one causing a greater feeling of 
 insecurity, us you will most probably throw your right 
 leg up and back of you at first, instead of bringing it 
 forward, as though feinting a kick as directed. But, 
 hke most things which are difficult to learn, it will 
 handsomely repay the pupil who devotes himself to 
 practicing it with intelligence and perseverence. 
 
 No dcnibt hundreds who read these lines will recall, 
 with feelings of amusement and satisfaction, the 
 ludicrous antics of themselves and others as they strug- 
 gled with this problem of ''perfect balance." 
 
 If your right hand does not land as solidly as the 
 left upon the wall-pad, you will find it is because you 
 fnil to cast back the left shoulder fully, and bring the 
 right foot well up and forward. In boxing, if your ad 
 versary ducks his head forward and down to avoid 
 your left hand lead, he may bring his face into unpleas- 
 ant collision with your right knee. 
 
 You may remember to have read awhile ago that 
 the English light-weight champion was accused of 
 *4oulin<4" his opponent, in this country, by kicking 
 him in the face with his right knee. The claim of 
 foul would not be allowed, as it was very obvious that 
 
FLIGHT. HAND COUNTER ON NECK INCORRECTLY EXECUTED 
 (Or Escape From It.) 
 
DORAN^S SCIEN'CE OF SEI.F-DK1< J?: XSE. ^7^ 
 
 he was merely bringing the leg up to assist hnn m de- 
 livering his blow properly, and to enable him to drop 
 the right foot under him m case he wishuU to follow 
 his opponent without loss of time, or to get away 
 quickly, in case he had to retreat, by swinging it back 
 and landing upon it. His opponent's face was in the 
 wrong, as is should not have been ducked forward 
 and down. 
 
 When you spring in, to lead or counter, be sure 
 you do not land upon the left foot '-pigeon-toed," 
 but land upon the ball of the foot with the toes turned 
 out at the natural angle. 
 
 Do not bound back, landing on both feet at once, 
 as you are liable to have your feet too close together 
 — an almost helpless position in c^se your opponent 
 is quick enough on /its feet to be right after you; and 
 remember you are learning so as to successfully op- 
 pose the best boxers, not the novices. 
 
 There are many more or less successful boxers who 
 have a style of bounding away after striking an oppo- 
 nent, frequently leaving a space of two or three feet 
 between themselves and their adversary, very often 
 bounding away, from force of habit, after having stag 
 gered him, thereby missing a chance to follow and 
 punish him while he was at a disadvantage. It is a bad 
 practice in case you are the lighter of the two and 
 wish to avoid ^'in-fighting," as it is liable to carry 
 > ou into a corner. 
 
 As the old saying has it, ''a miss is as good as a 
 mile," so just spring back far enough to avoid the 
 onslaught, yet remaining near enough to spring in to 
 take advantage of any weakness, or an opening in 
 your adversary's guard or position. 
 
44 doran's science of self-defense. 
 
 Your sole object in a set-to is to not only avoid 
 punishment, but to punish your opponent as well. 
 
 This continual bounding iway resembles a foot 
 race, and leaves openings for such remarks as the fol- 
 lowing, which I once saw published in the report of a 
 fight (?): "They took their corners to get ready for 
 the next lap." There is no need to don boxing gloves 
 for a foot race. 
 
 Bounding would be very poor tactics in a street 
 fight, where you would be liable at any moment to go 
 backward over some obstruction, and although you 
 are not training purposely to seek, or engage in, street 
 fighting, yet you should be prepared, in case you are 
 forced into one, to get through with it without loss of 
 time, or personal injtiry ; for no gentlemen cares to be 
 the center of a gaping crowd ; he naturally desires to 
 avoid such unenviable notoriety, and he should be 
 prepared to extricate himself from such a predica- 
 ment. I remember a well-known editor who paid 
 twenty dollars to an amateur boxer to have him avenge 
 an insult offered by a tough to the wife of the editor, 
 for although the editor was above the average in build 
 and physical development, yet his lack of knowledge 
 in the art of self-defense, and consequent lack of con- 
 fidence in himself, caused him to refrain from chastis- 
 ing the tough in person. Although ladies are not 
 fond of witnessing street fights, there can be but little 
 doubt that any lady would esteem a man who she 
 knew could and would defend her from insults. 
 
 The following thirty-two articles, comprising the 
 blows, counter-blows, and parrys that go to make up 
 a complete course of lessons in boxing, are compari- 
 
RIGHT-HAND CROSS-CUUNTER CORRECTLY 
 ILLUSTRATED. 
 
DORAN S SCIFNCK OF S KFF-DE 1<M:N S K. 47 
 
 tively easy to learn and execute if you thoroughly 
 master what has preceded them, especially as to the 
 carriage and action of the feet. 
 
 RIGHT-HAND COUNTER ON NECK. 
 
 x\s your opponent leads for your face with his left, 
 spring quickly forward, slip your left forearm slightly 
 under and outside his left forearm, swing him from 
 you, and, as you swing him with your left, drive your 
 right in upon his neck or the angle of his jaw. This 
 blow may also be delivered on the ribs above the left 
 hip or over the heart; but it is advisable, in practic- 
 ing it, to strike the neck, or the jaw, as they are the 
 hardest points to reach, and after you learn to land 
 }'our blow properly upon them, it will be very easy 
 indeed for you to catch an opponent on the ribs, or 
 over the heart, no matter how spry he may be. As 
 you spring forward to turn your opponent, let your 
 right shoulder work fully back and, as you swing him 
 around, let the left shoulder continue on back, so as 
 to assist the right-hand blow, which will then be on its 
 way toward your opponent's neck. 
 
 One shoulder should always be swung fully back as 
 the other is forcing a blow forward. 
 
 If you do not bring the right leg up as directed, 
 you might as well not try this blow, as it will fall 
 short, for the action of turning your opponent will 
 also swing him away from you, and the most you can 
 do, when the right leg is lagging behind, is to swing 
 your arm in a semi-circle in hope of landing your 
 blow upon your adversary's ribs. But, as I said be- 
 
4S doran's scie.vce of self-defense. 
 
 fore, there is no excuse for this style of dehvery. By 
 br.ngmg up the right leg as directed you are in easy 
 reach of his jaw or neck, and can choose the point to 
 Btr;ke, making it next to impossible for your opponent 
 to avoid the blow ; that is why I advise you to practice 
 On the jaw or neck only, until you become proficient. 
 
 ESCAPING RIGHT-HAND COUNTER ON NECK. 
 
 As you lead at your opponent's face and find him 
 turning you, do not resist the pressure, but go with it, 
 Springing swiftly to the right and back, landing upon 
 the ball of your right foot, and tura again quickly to 
 the left so as to face your opponent, but if he does 
 iiot fail (as in the illustration) to bring the right leg 
 up, there is small probability of your escaping scott- 
 free. 
 
 RIGHT-HAND CROSS-COUNTER. 
 
 As your opponent leads with his left at your face, 
 spring quickly forward and up, cast your head to the 
 left, so as to allow his blow to pass over your right 
 shoulder, and drive your right arm across his left 
 straight for his neck or angle of his jaw\ Unless you 
 spring from the right foot, propelling your body up 
 and forward, your right forearm will rub against your 
 opponent's left upper arm hard enough to turn your 
 blow aside, or cause it to fall short. Those instructors 
 who advise yon to swing your nrm in a semi-circle \w 
 deliverincr the right-hand cross-counter, do so because 
 
STOP FOR THE RIGHT-HAND CROSS COUNTER, 
 
DORAN s SCIENCE OF self-dp:fense. :; I 
 
 they do not know how to drill you in the proper action 
 of the feet, but they ^d?- know that with the right foot 
 lagging behind, it is impossible to make a straight right- 
 hand blow reach the neck; therefore they do the best 
 they can for you by telling you to ''swing" your blow, 
 which action is weak, slow and uncertain. 
 
 With your knuckles, press on the muscle running 
 down the neck back of the ear; first press from the 
 side, in the direction of a ''swinging blow," then press 
 back and- slightly in, and note the sensation each time. 
 A man that will let an opponent exhaust himself "swing- 
 ing on his neck," will drop " like a wet rag " from a 
 properly-delivered, straight shoulder blow. 
 
 STOP FOR RIGHT-HAND CROSS COUNTER. 
 
 When you find that your opponent lies in wait to 
 cross-counter nou every time you lead, it, of course, 
 makes it decidedly unsafe for you to lead at his face, 
 you can then lead as though you meant to strike his 
 face (cast your head to the right, etc.), but instead, drop 
 your hand slightlv and strike him heavily in front of the 
 light shoulder, which will effectually jar him back, so 
 that his riglit arm can not advance near enough to reach 
 you. Then ca t your head swiftly to the left and drive 
 your right in upon h's diaphragm. 
 
 PARRYING AND COUNTERING. 
 
 As your opponent leads for \ our face with his left, 
 spring forvv^ard and parry his lead by shooting your 
 rig*lit foieirm up and out, th- ow tlie right shoulder with 
 
52 doran's science of self-defense. 
 
 1% thereby forcing back the left shoulder, which must 
 immediately shoot in, landing upon your opponent's 
 face, or '' mark." as the opening is seen; the right must 
 work back as the left advances, allowing the right fore- 
 arm to bridge the ''mark," also to allow the left to ad- 
 vance fully. The counter must be made while your op- 
 ponent is lunging forward with his lead, so as to be sure 
 to catch him and increase the force of your blow. You 
 will notice that there are a great many boxers who 
 parry their opponent's lead, slightly retiring as the\ 
 })arry, and then endeavor to counter as their opponent 
 recovers, thereby frequently falling short (except on 
 slow men) or merely getting in a ''spent blow." The 
 cause of that is their slowness, and their slowness is 
 caused bv their standing on the right leg without bend- 
 ing it at the knee (crouching) ready to spring forward. 
 You know that running is faster than w^alking; and 
 if you will stop to think, the reason will suggest itself. 
 In running, we spring from the knee and foot. If you 
 came to a ditch which vs^as too wide to step across in 
 the ordinary manner, would you straddle it by swinging 
 one leg across and then expect to get the other across 
 by violently " humping " yourself? More likely, } ou 
 would make a light, graceful sphng from the right foot 
 and land upon the other side on the ball of the left foot, 
 with scarcely an effort. Neither would you be likely, 
 after once firmly landing upon the opposite side, to de- 
 liberately cast the right foot back of you, thereby land- 
 ing in the ditch. And yet you see this ver\ thing done 
 every day in boxing. A man strikes his opponent and, 
 instead of bringing his right foot fulh up with the blow 
 as he springs in, he brings it about half vs^ay, and after 
 having delivered his blow — though he may have stag- 
 gered his opponent — he settles back upon it about half 
 
LEAD, COUNTER AND DOUBLE PARRY. 
 
DORAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENSE. 55 
 
 a pace from where it originally was when iiib blow 
 started. 
 
 Always drop ' your right foot directly under you 
 when you (fesire to follow your opponent — of course, 
 shooting the left forward at exactly the same time — or 
 if you desire to retreat, spring back a full pace. 
 
 Always remember that in springing you hold a de- 
 cided advantage over a non -crouching, stepping vw op- 
 ponent. At the wall-pad you must learn the cHstance 
 from which \ou can best spring in and deliver your 
 blow fairly. Then try stepping in,''you will then know 
 how great your best striking distance is, also that of 
 your non-springing opponent. — See "Feint to Retire and 
 Attack.-' 
 
 LEFT-HAND LEAD AT FACE. 
 
 Get in proper distance, spring in and deliver your 
 left upon the point of your opponent's chin, or the angle 
 of his jaw; as you do so, carry your head to the right, 
 without removing: your eyes from his face, cast the right 
 slioulder well back and allow your right forearm to 
 bridge your diaphragm, as he may duck to his right 
 sivle and endeavor to counter upon it, allowing your 
 lead to Dass harmlessly over his left shoulder. 
 
 LEFT-HAND FEINT AND RIGHT-HAND FINISH. 
 
 As your adversary becomes proficient at parrying 
 voLir left-hand lead at his face, and trying to catch you 
 with a left-hand counter — a style of boxing much af- 
 i\ cted by some boxers, and often seen in exhibition set- 
 
56 doran's science of self-defense. 
 
 10^, and called the '' double lead and parry," though 
 really a lead, counter and double parry — thereby pre- 
 venting your left from landing on his face, feint as 
 though your intentions were to strike him in the face 
 with your left, lieading close up to his face and casting 
 your head well to the right, and as he raises his right 
 lore-arui to parry the supposed lead, and strikes out 
 with his left at your face, draw your left quickly back, 
 cast your head swiftly to the left side, and drive your 
 right in upon his diaphragm. He may have a habit of 
 covering the ''mark" with his left forearm, as he par- 
 ries With the right; in that case, direct your right-hand 
 blow to the left side of his jav^ or neck. As it is simply 
 impossible for a man to make motions in two distinctly 
 different directions at one and the same time with one 
 hand, the "mark" left jaw, or neck will be open to you 
 after a properly executed feint at one of these points. 
 Bui don't stand back and execute a wriggle and twist, 
 which would look as though you were afflicted with 
 St. Vitus' dance, and then make a straight lead, for 
 you are apt to be the only one to get fooled by it and 
 get left. 
 
 LEFT-HAND LEAD FOR THE MARK." 
 
 Spring in, bend forward at the hips, cast your head 
 well to the right and cast your right shoulder well back 
 and land your left upon his diaphragm. As you make 
 this lead, your head goes well to the right, you must 
 under no circumstances remove your eyes from the 
 face of your opponent. To recover — if you don't 
 wish to follow him — swing your right leg quickly 
 
LEFT-HAND LEAD FOR THE FACE COR- 
 RECTLY EXECUTED. 
 
DORAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENSE. 59 
 
 back, springing from the left, and land upon the ball 
 of the right foot in position ^^on guard." 
 
 This IS one of the safest leads that can be made, 
 for, as you see, your opponent must keep his right 
 forearm across his ''mark" or be severely punished or 
 inconvenienced m his breathing apparatus, andd^now- 
 ing that, and also seeing that you are well beyond the 
 reach of his right, anyhow, he has only the left with 
 which to endeavor to counter upon your face, and you 
 will find that though he may have a much longer arm 
 than you, the most he can do — supposing your head 
 to be carried properly to the right — is to tap you with 
 the extreme tip of his glove, when his hand is open — 
 and men do not tap with the tips of the!r fingers when 
 fighting. 
 
 The reason that he can not reach you in that 
 position is because your head being thrown well to 
 the left of your adversary's shoulder, and much lower, 
 the distance from his shoulder to your face is in- 
 creased, while that between his diaphragm and your 
 shoulder is decreased. 
 
 But also remember that the above is the most 
 dangerous lead that you can try when improperly ex- 
 ecuted. 
 
 One of our foremost heavy-weight pugilists had 
 his reputation impaired by a novice by being al- 
 most knocked out while trying this lead. Not that he 
 could not deliver it properly, but because he under- 
 rated the ability of the novice, and, carelessly allow- 
 ing his head to approach his opponent too closely, he 
 received an upper-cut that cost him thousands of dol- 
 iar.v in loss of prestige and depreciated business. 
 
6o doran's science of self-defense. 
 
 Practice carefully with a friend who, while he tries 
 to reach you with a warning blow, will not really en- 
 deavor to injure you. Stick to it until you are sure 
 you can do it safely, and never forget, it must be done 
 correctly. 
 
 PARRY FOR LEFT-HAND LEAD AT " MARK." 
 
 As your adversary leads at your ^'mark" with his 
 left hand, shoot your right forearm down and out, at 
 the same time turning the palm of your hand to your 
 right, which action will turn his blow aside, allowing 
 it to slip down. 
 
 You must be careful in practicing this parry, as 
 you are apt to parry just sufficient to receive the blow 
 upon the privates; you are also apt to parry too soon, 
 thereby exposing the diaphragm to the blow. I would 
 advise you to receive your opponent's lead upon your 
 right forearm as it bridges your diaphragm until such 
 time as you become accustomed to sparring, and 3'our 
 eyes can be depended upon to calculate time and dis- 
 t.mce correctly. Be sure that the ball of the right- 
 hand thumb rests just below the nipple of the left 
 breast, or the jar may be severer than if you received 
 the blow from a well padded glove. 
 
 As you guard this lead, spring forward and endea- 
 vor to counter on your adversary's jaw with your left 
 hand, but be sure to cast your head to the right, or he 
 may perform the subsequent movements upon you. 
 
 LEFT-HAND FEINT AND LEFT-HAND FINISH. 
 
 Vv^hen you find your adversary is guarding his 
 
LEFT-HAND LEAD FOR THE "MARK' 
 
doran's science of self-defense. 63 
 
 ''mark" well, and thereby preventing your blow from 
 having Rny effect upon it, bend at the hips, etc., as in 
 left-hand lead at the mark, cast the head and shoulder 
 to the right as though attacking his diaphragm again, 
 and, as he guards it, drive your left into his face. The 
 motion of the head and left shoulder must be made in 
 a Jiash of time before the left hand starts for your 
 opponent's face, as it is the motion of the head and 
 shoulder which misleads him. But the left hand must 
 go direct from its resting place to the face of your ad- 
 versary. Do not commit the absurdity practiced 
 by so-called boxers who drop the left hand first to- 
 ward an opponet's diaphragm and then raise it to his 
 face, such tactics could only be successfully employed 
 upon a sleeping man. 
 
 The feint, properly executed, is one of the pret- 
 tiest things in boxing, for where you will not feel like 
 leading at his face — knowing how many counters an 
 opponent may return if you lead — you can get at his 
 face perfectly free from fear of punishment by properly 
 performing the feint. The lead for the diaphragm, 
 although perfectly safe, will keep your opponent try- 
 ing for a left-hand counter on your face which he 
 misses by so little as to encourage him in the hope 
 that he may catch you the next time you try it, and in 
 his anxiety, more or less losing thought of himself, he 
 will cast his head well forward and slightly d®wn, in 
 his endeavor to lengthen his reach, which causes 
 your left-hand finish on his face to come as a very 
 disagreeable surprise. 
 
 But you must practice this until no one, not even 
 idle spectators, can detect your feint until the finish 
 
64 doran's science of self-defense. 
 
 is made on your opponent's face. If he tries to guess 
 your intentions and parry for the face, fool him by 
 landing on the *' mark." Be careful that your head is 
 kept well to the right, as you will be prone to let it 
 wave a little to the left as your blow starts, or your 
 opponent may effectually stop your left from finishing 
 by planting his left on your jaw. 
 
 FEINT TO DRAW. 
 
 When you find your opponent unwilling to lead, 
 and quick at parrying and countering, you must lead 
 close to his face with your left. Continue this until 
 you lead him to think that he is becoming clever at 
 parrying and countering — you might even allow him 
 to land lightly on your jaw, if you can depend upon 
 voiir own judgment of time and distance— then, as he 
 parries and counters, pull back your left, cast yoiir 
 head well to the left side, and cross-counter him on the 
 neck with your right. Or the blow can be directed to 
 the ribs above the left hip, or over the heart, as in 
 '' Right-hand Counter." But be lively in shifting your 
 head from right to left, or you may meet his left hand 
 with your face — which would most effectually end that 
 deal. 
 
 FEINT TO RETIRE AND ATTACK. 
 
 This feint can only be made when you have tho <»- 
 ughly mastered the action of the feet, as you w^ill have 
 to be ai>le to spring in from a greater distance than 
 
PARRY FOR LEFT-HAND LEAD AT THE ''MARK/' 
 
doran's science of self-defense. 67 
 
 your opponent can in his straight-legged style of step- 
 ping in. 
 
 Spar about him for awhile, going up within his reg- 
 ular hitting distance, and, as you suspect him of attack- 
 ing you, sprmg back a pace; do this a few times and 
 he will be apt to suspect that you are affected with 
 heart-failure in time of danger, and consequently will 
 become more or less lax in his vigilence over himself 
 when he sees you spring away. Then will be your 
 chance to "get even" for all the uncomphmentary 
 thoughts he entertained of you. Approach within his 
 regular hitting distance and, as he shows signs of lead- 
 ing, sprmg quickly away, but, as soon as your right foot 
 lands, spring directly in again, delivering your left upon 
 his " mark," neck, or chin, as the opening presents. Or 
 instead of springing away and then springing in to the 
 attack again, you can perform the '^ Receiving Step," 
 countering at the same time. 
 
 If you are careful not to spring away until his blow 
 is almost upon you, the change in your tactics when 
 you receive him, will not be noticed by him in time to 
 save himself. 
 
 GUARD FOR RIGHT HAND SWINGING BLOW 
 AT BODY. 
 
 The swinging blows have become obsolete, except 
 among boxers (?) who have a penchant for deliberatelv 
 injuring themselves, and w^hen used will be directed at 
 the body above the left hip or at the neck The blow 
 for your body receive on the point of the elbow of the 
 left arm bv bringing the left hand under the nipple of 
 the right breast, and raisinor or lowering the elbow 
 
68 doran's science of self-defense. 
 
 slightly to me^t your opponent's right fist, countering 
 at the same time with your right on his " mark," or jaw. 
 
 PARRY FOR RIGHT-HAND SWINGING BLOW 
 AT NECK. 
 
 The swinging blow lor the neck or jaw you can 
 avoid by parrying. Shoot the left forearm up and out, 
 presenting as little surface as possible, so that the blo\A' 
 will be turned away and slightly down, at the same time 
 counter with your right upon your oppotient's ''mark," 
 or jaw. 
 
 Be careful never to swing your blows, no matter 
 what the seeming inducement may be. 
 
 ' STOP FOR SWINGING BLOW AT NECK. 
 
 Step in about twelve inches, cast your head to the 
 left side and down, at the same time raise- the right 
 shoulder slightly; you will then present the left top of 
 your hrad to receive your opponent's fist or wi ist, j^rob- 
 ably disabling his arm. Do not drop the head forward 
 and down, thereby removing your eyes from the face of 
 your opponent, hvX step forward and cast the liead side- 
 wise and down. 
 
 RIGHT-HAND UPPER-CUT. 
 
 When you lead at your opponent's face with your 
 left and he ducks his head forward and down to nvoid 
 your lead, spring in quickly to the left, pulling back 
 your left hand and shoulder, and driving your right 
 
GUARD FOR THE RIGHT-HAND SWINGING BLOW 
 AT THE BODY.. 
 
DORAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFKXSE. /I 
 
 hand in and up with a swing, landing upon your op 
 ponent's chin or jaw. Or when he leads for your 
 'Mnark" with his right, you can cover the "mark" with 
 your left forearm — same as in "Swinging Blow for 
 Body — and upper-cut him with your right. These are 
 the only times it is advisable to use the left arm to cover 
 the "mark." You can also use the right-hand upper- 
 cut when your opponent casts his head forward and 
 down in leading, as you will frequently see done. 
 
 LEFT-HAND UPPER-CUT. 
 
 The left hand is swung upward and outward the 
 same as in the right-hand upper-cut, though if the op- 
 posite shoulder is not thrown fully back forcibly and 
 rapidly, at exactly the same time, the blow will be weak 
 and probably short, or merely land upon your oppo- 
 nent's forehand, possibly hurting you more than him. 
 
 You have a good opportunity to deliver this upper- 
 cut when you try to cross-counter your opponent's left- 
 hand lead at your face and he ducks his head forward 
 and down inside his arm to allow your right hand to 
 pass over his head. In delivering it, draw the right 
 arm and shoulder swiftly back, which motion will assist 
 in driving th'e left up and out. 
 
 The motion of "throwing the head forward and down 
 to avoid a cross-counter is a sure way to get into trou- 
 ble. It only occurs to a man when he is startled and 
 can not collect his senses rapidly enough to meet the 
 emergency, and it appears absurd to see a man mak- 
 ing pretentions as a teacher, trying to drill into another, 
 in moments of calmness when his senses have full sway, 
 actions that oppose reason. 
 
72 DORAN'S SCIENCIl OF SELF-DEFENSE. 
 
 I consider the upper-cut, when properly delivered, 
 the severest blow^ that can be dealt in a fight, and there- 
 fore I w^arn you against casting your head directly for- 
 ward and down under any circumstances, or from re- 
 moving your eyes from the face of your opponent. A 
 moderately severe blow delivered by your opponent 
 and met by your face, (hacked forward and down, will 
 have the effect of confusing you as to \our surroundings, 
 leaving you weak in your defense. 
 
 RIGHT-HAND BODY BLOW ON '* MARK." 
 
 Spring quickly in to the left, cast your head well to 
 the left and drive your right hand in upon your oppo- 
 nent's ''mark." Be sure the right leg is brought well 
 up as the blow goes in, or it will hold b.ick the right 
 side enough to make the blow short. To recover, swing 
 the right leg back and spring back upon it, propelling 
 yourself from the left foot. 
 
 Be particularly careful when delivering all body 
 blows, with either hand, not to drop your eyes, as you 
 will be prone to do. This blow is especially easy of 
 execution, when your adversary leads with his right, as 
 is the case with a ''left-handed '^ man who stands with 
 his right foot in advance. 
 
 RIGHT-HAND COUNTER OVER THE HEART. 
 
 As your opponent leads with his left for your face, 
 spring in, cast your lead to the left, to allow his lead 
 to pass over your right shoulder; keep a sharp look out 
 for his right hand, and drive your right hand in upon 
 his body just above the left hip, or over the heart, 
 
PARRY FOR THE RIGHT-HAND SWINGlNa 
 BLOW AT THE NECK. 
 
DOR AN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENSE. "J ^ 
 
 follow lip with your left upon his face, or ^'mark/' as 
 the opening may presc^^ itself. 
 
 ONE-HAND PARRY AND COUNTER. 
 
 As your opponent leads with his left for your face, 
 spring forward, parry his lead with your right, then 
 pull back the right shoulder and arm, throw out the 
 left shoulder to assist the right back, then drive your 
 right in upon your opponent's ''mark," at the same 
 time casting the left shoulder back in order to assist 
 the right forward. This must be done very rapidly, 
 and when so done is highly satisfactory and success- 
 ful; but you must swing freely from above the hips, 
 and fully reverse the shoulder. Practicing this blow 
 will assist you in getting the proper swing of the 
 shoulders, and teach you to parry just enough, and 
 prevent you from imitating the awkward parry, so 
 often seen, that might be called ''a family parry," as 
 four or five persons could stand in a line on the right 
 of the man using it and not one of them be touched. 
 It will also prevent you from using the parry illus- 
 trated by most writers upon the subject; that is, rais- 
 ing the elbow and presenting the right forearm hori- 
 zontally in advance of the body. 
 
 You have, no doubt, heard the remark: ''Oh, he 
 would break any man's arm who tried to guard his 
 blow;" or, <<He would strike down an opponent's 
 guard," — generally spoken in reference to the ability 
 of some large, powerful man. That is possible where 
 the parry is made by presenting the forearm horizon- 
 tally in advance of you, depending upon lifting your 
 opponent's lead above your face, or of receiving it 
 
76 DORAN^S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENSE. 
 
 upon the forearm with the intention of checking 
 the blow. But a little practice and observation will 
 prove to you the impossibility of doing anything of 
 the kind when you parry as directed, by shooting the 
 right forearm upward and forward, forcing it forward' 
 and strengthening it by casting back the left and for- 
 ward the right shoulder, keeping the elbow down and 
 in toward the body, presenting the forearm at an angle 
 of about sixty degrees. 
 
 There would be about as much probability of 
 breaking down a toboggan slide by slamming tobog- 
 gans upon it as there would be of breaking down this 
 guard by striking at your opponent, simply because 
 there is no flat surface presented, and your arm glides 
 aside and down. Everyone's arm tapers between the 
 wrist and elbow, therefore you need but very little 
 upward and forward motion of your arm to cause an 
 opponent's blow to turn aside, the arm would turn 
 aside of itself as soon as the taper approached your 
 arm, were your own merely held steady. But it is 
 always safer to help it aside by shooting your forearm 
 up as directed. The parry must not be made far in 
 advance of your body; but be sure and strengthen it 
 by casting back the left and forward the right shoul- 
 der, thereby also preparing the left hand for a coun- 
 ter blow. 
 
 SLIPPING. 
 
 When your adversary backs you into a corner and 
 you can not get the floor again by working to the 
 right, you will have to try to slip, which is done as 
 follows: As 3^our opponent leads at your face with his 
 
STOP FOR THE RIGHT-HAND SWINGING BLOW 
 AT THE NECK. 
 
DORAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENSE. 79 
 
 left, you must spring forward, duck to the right so as 
 to allow his blow to pass over your left shoulder, 
 spring so as to land upon the ball of your left foot 
 back of his left foot, swing your right leg swiftly for- 
 ward and turn to the left so that you will face him 
 again as he turns in pursuit of you. In ^'slipping" 
 you can counter with your left upon your adversary's 
 diaphragm, if it is unguarded, but as you can not de- 
 liver this blow very lightly, without endangering your 
 escape from the corner, I would advise you to omit it 
 in a strictly friendly set-to. 
 
 If your opponent will not lead, you will have to 
 feint at his face to draw him on to counter, then slip; 
 but if he will not be drawn on to counter and give you 
 the desired chance for slipping, you may then perform 
 the ^'Left-hand Bat and Right hand Counter. 
 
 LEFT-HAND "BAT" AND RIGHT HAND COUNTER. 
 
 As your opponent lifts his right foot, to step to the 
 right or retire, strike his left hand a vicious left-handed 
 short arm swinging blow, knocking it outward toward 
 his left side and slightly upward. As you make this 
 "bat" with your left hand throw your right shoulder 
 fully back and as the left hand returns cast your head 
 well to the left and drive your right in upon his dia- 
 phragm, follow this quickly — and before you drop your 
 right foot to the floor — with a blow in the face from 
 your left. 
 
 This "bat" and blow is irresistable, if you attack 
 your opponent just as he moves his right foot to change 
 his position. No matter how small the step may be, or 
 
8a ryoKAK^s sciekce of self-defekse:, 
 
 even if he slides hi^ right toot to the right or back- 
 ward, you mus^ catch him while he is shifting it. Your 
 bat and blow has to be made with the quickness of a 
 flash, and if so done, you will find that your opponent 
 has only the power to look vicious and shove his hands 
 and arms out as ''fenders", as he falls back to land 
 firmly upon his right foot again. 
 
 It ig very likely that at the startling and unusual 
 movement of his left hand, his right will fiy up to the 
 protection of his face leaving the *'mark" exposed to 
 the blow from the right, if not you must direct your 
 blow to his jaw. 
 
 Do not attack in this manner while your opponent 
 is resting his weight upon his right leg, nor mistake a 
 forward movement for one to the right or rear, or you 
 are likely to be convinced of your error in a manner 
 more impressive than pleasant, for when you try to 
 bat his left hand with your left, you naturally cast 
 your head more or less forward, and if your opponent 
 is not moving, all he will have to do is to raise his left 
 forearm, lunge slightly forward and steady you up 
 with a severe facer. 
 
 Before and after he moves, you are in danger if you 
 fry it, while^ when moving, he is at vour mercy ,and you 
 can attack him with impunity. Practice it carefully, and 
 \ ou will find it one of the safest forms of attack, and you 
 will hardly fail to gain more room by driving your 
 opponent back. 
 
 INFIGHTING, 
 
 A really scientific mode of fl^^hting, as it proves the 
 accuiacy of a man's hitting and keeping his head out of 
 
RIGHT-HAND UPPER-CUT. 
 
doran's science of self-defense. 83 
 
 harms way by moving it properly. There is very htllc 
 chance lor parrying or stepping about, and weight 
 favors its possessor, as it is all short-arm work. Yoin 
 blows w^ill have an upper-tendency, with an (occasional 
 jab at the "mark." Here is where swinging the shoul- 
 ders and body, from the hips up, is most beneficial, for 
 you are otherwise too close to deliver forcible and effec- 
 tive blows. Mike Cleary's famous right hand 'Jolt" 
 owes its success in knocking out his opponent, chieflv 
 to swinging his body from the hips up and propelin^r 
 his body with the spring from the right leg. 
 
 It will never do you any harm, after you once become 
 somewhat proficient, to indulge in a short but sharp bit 
 of in-fighting, as it will test your power to "keep your 
 head" and prove your quickness and accuracy. 
 
 THE SIDE-STEP. 
 
 The side-step, brought into such prominence by 
 Champion Corbett in evading the famous rushes of the 
 great John L. Sullivan is easily performed; but as it is 
 merely intended to save the performer, and gives him no 
 opportunity^ to punish his opponent, it will never be 
 popular in contests where the men are evenly matched 
 in weight, as it savors too much of "sprinting." It is per- 
 formed as follows: As your opponent springs, or rushes, 
 forward to the attack, spring quickly to your right, 
 landing upon the ball of your right foot, bending for- 
 ward at the same time. Your opponent may, in his 
 headlong rush, trip over your left leg, which will then 
 be presented in front of him. 
 
84 doran's science of self-defense. 
 
 This movement will not take you out of a corner, as 
 in "slipping," and you can only perform it at the side of 
 the ring, or where there is sufficient space to move 
 about freelv. 
 
 CHANCERY AND BACK- HEELING. 
 
 The following holds are allowed only in fights gov- 
 erned by London Prize Ring Rules, or, street ''run-ins," 
 although both chancery holds are frequently taken for 
 a moment, by tricky fighters, even under other rules. 
 
 CHANCERY-HOLD NUMBER ONE. 
 
 As your opponent tries a right-hand lead or counter 
 for your face, parry it with your left and spring in, 
 slip your left hand back of his head, draw his head 
 in and down with a jerk, and upper-cut him in the 
 face with your right, you can also take this hold as 
 your opponent endeavors to clinch you. 
 
 BREAK FOR CHANCERY-HOLD NUMBER ONE. 
 
 As you find your opponent has you in this hold, 
 bring your left arm up to your face, bend the elbow so 
 that the back of your hand is against your right breast, 
 sink your nose into the crotch of your elbow, drop your 
 head, drive your right in on your opponent's mark and 
 
LEFT-HAND UPPER-CUT. 
 
dokan's science of self-di:fense. 87 
 
 spring back. You will have to drop yoin- head, other- 
 wise the protuberance at the back of it will act as a 
 hook to keep you from getting back. Your arm will 
 effectually protect your face, but you must not hnger 
 
 CHANCERY-HOLD NUMBER TWO. 
 
 This hold can be taken when you lead at your oppo- 
 nent's face with your left, and your blow passes over 
 his left shoulder. Spring in, throw your left arm 
 around his neck, bring him in and down with a jeik, 
 and drive your right in on the ribs above his left hip, or 
 over the heart. To take this hold, as your opponent 
 rushes in to clinch you, throw your left fore-aim toward 
 your right ^boulder and as he clinches throw it about 
 his neck. Be sure to get your left forearm well up 
 under his chin, and tighten up by raising your lefl hand 
 all you can. In case your opponent tries to throw you, 
 do iiot resist, just catch yourself by the left wrist with 
 your right hand and tighten up on his neck, and the 
 chances are that you will subdue him before he can 
 throw you, all the resistance you need offer is to 
 straighten up and stiffen your body and limbs as you 
 tighten up on his neck. If you feel him trying to bring 
 your head down and get you into chancery, while you 
 are holdino- him, or at anv other time, hold your head 
 back and stiffen vour bodv and neck. 
 
 The writers on fhh subject, so far, have failed to 
 give a break for this hold, one of them saying: '*dp nc)t 
 try to get out, as all your struggles will assist in hanging 
 you." Which is verv true, respecting struggles without 
 method, though it is queer advise coming from one 
 
88 doran's science of self-defense. 
 
 who claims to know enough about the science to w^rite 
 a book upon the supject. 
 
 Just put your head in chancery to an opponent and 
 remain passive: and as for punching your opponent, to 
 make him let go, as another writer advises, that is a 
 liUle worse than remaining passive, for you are in no 
 position to strike to any eflect, for your shoulder is right 
 up against your opponent. 
 
 And yet the break for this hold is quite simple and 
 so efficient that your opponent, unless twice as strong 
 as yourself, cannot keep you locked in it. 
 
 BREAK FOR CHANCERY-HOLD NUMBER TWO. 
 
 When your opponent has you in this hold, put 
 the outside edge of your left wrist and heel of your 
 hand, when the palm is down, against the left front of 
 his neck and press in and back as hard as you can; 
 press slightly down. Grasp his left hand with your 
 right, pull it down and out, shove him from you at 
 the neck and drop your head and spring back, (or 
 throw him from you). The action at all points must 
 be simultaneous. 
 
 In practicing with a friend or in **showing-off" if 
 your opponent does not know the break, agree with 
 him before hand, that if he finds he cannot get away 
 and wants to give up the struggle and be released, he 
 may tap you on the knee or some such signal, for 
 when you have him in chancery, he may not be able 
 to tell you of his desire to be released, as his mouth 
 may be jammed tight against your side and the more 
 
RIGHT-HAND BODY BLOW DELIVERED 
 ON THE "MARK." 
 
DORAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENSE. 9I 
 
 he struggled the tighter you would hold him, so that 
 when he stopped struggling it might be from uncon- 
 sciousness. 
 
 It is a dangerous hold to try '^in fun," and I 
 would advise you to use the greatest caution in prac- 
 
 BACK-HEELING. 
 
 As your opponent rushes in to clinch you, spring 
 forward, cast your head well to the right, cast your 
 left foot back of his left and throw your left arm 
 across the front of his neck, bring your right forearm 
 forcibly against the small of his back — and down he 
 goes. It must be done rapidly and is then almost 
 irresistable. You can also do it when your opponent 
 delivers a vicious lead with his left at your face. 
 
 BREAK FOR BACK-HEELING. 
 
 As your opponent endeavors to back-heel you, bring 
 your left arm across in front of your chest or throat, 
 lunge forward so as to strike, or shove him sharply 
 with your left forearm, or elbow, at the same time 
 swinging your left leg back so as to jar his left leg 
 from its position, also strike him across the small of 
 the back with your right forearm. 
 
 CROSS-BUTTOCK. 
 
 This trick results in one of the severest falls, to 
 your opponent, that you can administer. As your 
 
92 DORAN S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFENSE. 
 
 opponent lunges forward with his left hand lead, or 
 rushes in to clinch, you must spring forward, ducking 
 smartly, to the right, as in ''slipping," cast your left 
 arm about his waist, slide your hip beneath 
 and back of him, cast your head forward and your hip 
 up, raising him at the same time with the arm about 
 his waist, as soon as he is in the air let go and he will 
 drop over and beyond your head, landing upon, the 
 back of his neck and shoulder. This movement is 
 never resorted to except in London Prize Ring Rule 
 battles and street fights, and should not be used except 
 in case of extreme danger to yourself. 
 
 THE PIVOT BLOW. 
 
 The pivot blow, brought into prominence, though 
 its use by George LaBlanche in ''knocking out" 
 Champion, Jack Dempsey, is performed as follows: 
 as you lead at your opponent with your left, and miss 
 him, you "spin" swiftly to the right upon the balls 
 of the feet, and endeavor to land on the right side 
 of his neck or jaw with your right wrist. 
 
 Or, where an opponent, who swings his right — in 
 a semi-circle — at your jaw, misses, he will frequently 
 continue turning to his left and endeavor to catch you 
 on the left jaw or neck with his left wrist or elbow. 
 The blow can only be performed on a man who is 
 nearly exhausted, or a very slow man, and is barred 
 in all first-class clubs. In glove contests it is decid- 
 edly unfair, as their is no ]:)retenc c of trying to strike 
 with the padding of the glovp. 
 
RJGHT^HANO COUNTER OVER THE HEART 
 
DUMB-BELLS. 
 
 REMARKS. 
 
 The following exercises with the dumb-bells will 
 be found very beneficial in limbering up the muscles 
 and developing them. The third exercise will be found 
 excellent in developing the pectoralis muscles, com- 
 monly called '^striking muscles." Those of the fifth 
 exercise will quicken you in and give you the swing 
 in upper-cutting. 
 
 Do not use over two-pound dumb-bells — even 
 lighter will be heavy enough, for heavy weight will 
 serve to make you slow. 
 
 Quickness combined with moderate strength is f:ii 
 superior to great strength and slowness in a fight. 
 
 The ^^tom-tit" and the crow very aptly illustrate 
 science vs. strength. Who has not seen the little 
 fellow, high up in the air, as he winged into his larger 
 but clumsier opponent and pecked and boxed him 
 right and left, until the big black fellow, thoroughly 
 exhausted, would flutter earthward with only the abil- 
 ity to look viciously at his nimble and nervy little 
 opponent. 
 
 Of course, if the crow could catch the spry little 
 fellow he would settle his teasing in a jiffy, but cor- 
 nering him, that's the problem. 
 
 (95) 
 
c6 DORAN^S SCIENCE OF SELF-DEFEXSE. 
 
 y 
 
 No doubt you have often wished that you could 
 * 'handle yourself" as scientifically and cleverly as somo 
 boxer you have seen. Well always keep in mind tho 
 lact that none of them were born with the knowledge? 
 but acquired their proficiency through practice an i 
 perseverence. And you may be better fitted for it I y 
 nature then many of them. 
 
 DUMB-BELL EXERCISES. 
 
 1. Stand erect, heels touching and toes separated, 
 arms falling at sides, hands grasping the dumb-bells 
 backs outward. Draw the dumb-bells up until they 
 reach the arm pits, and let them fall again. 
 
 2. Stand as before, raise the arms sidewise slow- 
 ly without bending the elbows, until the hands meet 
 over the head, let them fall in the same way as raised. 
 
 3. Bring the dumb-bells up to the chest, shoot 
 them perpendicularly into the air with force, bring 
 them back again. 
 
 4. Dumb-bells resting on chest, shoot the arms 
 horizontally to their full extent, then bring them back 
 forcibly, as if endeavoring to meet the elbows behind 
 the back. This is good for the ^^striking muscles." 
 
 5. Swing the arms in opposite directions at the 
 sides, like pendulums, carrying them as far each way 
 as possible. 
 
 6. Let the dumb-bells rest on the chest, turn the 
 body from side to side, keep the feet fixed. 
 
SLIPPING," 
 
OF SELF-DEFENSE. 99 
 
 7. Stand erect, and gradually bend the knees, 
 keeping the body straight, until the dumb-bells touch 
 the floor at each side of you, raise slowly again. 
 
 8. Rest dumb-bells on chest, bend forward at 
 hips, touch dumb-bells on floor straight down from 
 shoulder, without bending at knees, rise slowly. 
 
 9. Shoot dumb-bells horizontally out in front, 
 return to chest, advance right foot, bend at hips, 
 touch floor with dumb-bells while keeping the feet 
 firmly fixed upon the floor, and nerves stiff, advance 
 left foot and repeat exercise. 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 The following is intended to relresh the pupil's 
 memory, that he may practice all he has been shown 
 during a course of lessons; for unless thoroughly learned 
 in careful practice, many things are apt to be forgotten 
 in the hurry and friendly rivalry attending a ^^bout" 
 with the gloves. 
 
 Many of the names and abbreviations will be unm- 
 telligable to nil others except pupils. The Leads, Coun- 
 ters, Parries, Ducks, Feints, etc., are arranged so to direct 
 you cleary what can best be done while your opponent 
 IS willing to act on the aggressive; also what tactics to 
 pursue when he acts on the defensive, or quits forcing 
 ilie pace to recoup his strength and "mend his bellows/' 
 
 The first I put under the head "When Your Oppo- 
 nent is Leading;" The second, under the head, ''When 
 Your Opponent is on Guard." You will also find those 
 things learned during the preparatory lessons. 
 
 When Your Opponent is Leading*. 
 
 T. Feint to Retire, to Draw. 
 
 2. Left- Hand Counter on the " Mark." 
 
 3. Lett- 1 land Counter on the Face. 
 -J . Slij^ping. 
 
LEFT-HAND "BAT" AND RIGHT-HAND COUNTER. 
 
DORAN S SCIENCE OF SEI.F-DEFENSE. lO'^ 
 
 5. Slipping and Countenng. 
 
 6. Cross-Counter. 
 
 7. Right-Hand Counter on Ribs. 
 
 8. Right-Hand Counter on "Mark." 
 
 9. Right-Hand Upper-Cut. 
 
 10. Left- Hand Upper-Cut. 
 
 11. P arrj and Counter. 
 
 12. One- Hand Parry and Counter 
 
 13. Side Step. 
 
 14. Back Heeling. 
 
 15. Cross- Buttock. 
 
 16. Shouldering. 
 
 17. Left for " Mark " after Cross-Counter. 
 
 18. Left for " Mark " and Right for Neck. 
 
 19. Parry for Right-Hand Swing at Neck. 
 
 20. Parry for Right-Hand Swing at Ribs. 
 
 21. Guard for Right-Hand Swing at Neck. 
 
 22. Stop for Right-Hand Swing at Neck. 
 
 23. Parry for Left- Hand Swing at Neck.- 
 
 24. Stop for Left-Hand "Bat" and Right-Hand Counter. 
 
 25. Chancery Hold No. i. 
 
 26. Chancery Hold No. 2. 
 
 27. Duck and Counter for Left-Hand Lead at Face. 
 
 28. Parry for Left-Hand Lead at " Mark." 
 
 29. Guard for Left-Hand Lead at " Mark." 
 
 30. Turn and Counter, 
 
 31. Left for Face and Right for Ribs. 
 
 When Your Opponent is on Guard* 
 
 1. Break Ground and Attack. 
 
 2. Break for Back-Heeling. 
 
 3. Knee Kick. 
 
 4. Feint for Face and Finish on " Mark." 
 
 5. Feint for " Mark " and Finish on Face. 
 
 6. Feint to Draw and Cross-Counter. 
 
 7.^ Left-Hand "Bat" and Right-Hand Counter. 
 
I04 doran's science of self-defense. ^ N^ 
 
 8. Escape for Turn and Counter. 
 
 9. Break for Chancery Hold No. i. 
 
 10. Break for Chancery Hold No» 2. 
 
 11. Pivot Blow. 
 
 12. Stop for Cross-Counter. 
 
 13. Left- Hand Lead for Face. 
 
 14. In- Fighting. 
 
 15. Roughing in Street Fight. 
 
 16. Guard for Upper-Cuts. 
 
 Preparatory £xerci^^ll» 
 
 1. Wall-Pad Work. 
 
 2. Crouching. 
 
 3. Springing, 
 
 4. Balancing. 
 
 5. Precision in Striking. 
 
 6. Carriage of Feet. 
 
 7. Judging Distance. 
 
 8. Carriage of Arms and Head. 
 
 9. Developing Reach. 
 
 10. Developing Striking Power. 
 I [. Receiving Step. 
 
 12. Three Step Retreat. 
 
 13. Body Blows. 
 
 14. Sparring for an Opening. 
 I :;, Training Bag Work. 
 
 The above are the principal movements and will 
 serve as a ''quiz" to the student after he has given the 
 book careful perusal. Fraternally Yours, 
 
 Bakt. J. DoUAN. 
 
IN-FIGHTING. 
 
•;. DAVID H. BLANCHARD'S •••• 
 
 AMERICAN FAIR PLAY RULES, 
 
 TO QOVERN QLOVE ©ONTESTS. 
 
 1. An honest and competent referee inust be chosen who should be fa- 
 miliar with the rules. His orders must be promptly obeyed, and his decisions 
 in all cases shall be final. 
 
 2. A responsible time-keeper must be appointed who shall take his posi- 
 tion near the ropes and should be provided with a proper time watch. The 
 referee also may have the privileg-e of keeping- time for liis own satisfaction, 
 particularly in reference to the :en seconds after a knockdown. 
 
 3. All contests should take place in a roped enclosure, from 20 to 24 feet 
 square, or as near that as possible, with eight posts, which should be padded 
 on tne inside. There should be a circle three feet in diameter drawn in the 
 middle of the enclosure to be known as the center, where contestants shall 
 meet for the beg-inning-of each round. No one, excepting the ref.ree, time- 
 keeper, and seconds, should be allowed within three (3) feet of the enclosure. 
 
 ^. Each principal may have two attendants, only one of whom shall be 
 allowed within the enclosure. While the contest is in progress the attend- 
 ants must take positions outside the ring and neither advice nor speak to 
 either of the principals, except while they are resting-. A violation ot this 
 rule may be punished by the referee excluding the offender from serving 
 as an atCendant. Either attendant may quietly call the attention of the ref- 
 eree to any violation of the rules. While resting-, principals may use a light 
 chair in their corners, but it must be p! -ced outside by the attendants while 
 the contest is in progress. 
 
 5. No wrestling, clinching, hugging butting-, or anything done to injure 
 an opponent, except by fair and manly boxing, shall be allowed. If a contes- 
 tant shoult resort to clinching^ his opponent may continue hitting as long as he 
 does not clinch himself. A contestant shall not go to the floor to avoid his 
 opponent or to obtain rest; but, should either contestant accidentally f':ll, his 
 opponent shall step back and allow the fallen man time to get on his feet, 
 and in a position to defend himself, before proceeding with the round; nor 
 shall he strike his opponent when down, or on one or both knees, nor be 
 allowed to strike below the belt or waist. 
 
 6 A round shall be of three (3) minutes' duration, with one minute be- 
 tween rounds for rest. In all matches the number of rounds and weight of 
 gloves should be mutually agreed upon. 
 
 7. If a glove shall burst or come off, it must be replaced immediately to 
 the satisfaction of the referee. No tampering with the gloves by forcing" the 
 hair from the knuckles or otherwise shall be allowed. 
 
 (107) 
 
loS doran's science of self-defp:nse. 
 
 8. If eitlier man is knocke:l down, he shall be allowed ten seconds to rise 
 and walk unassisted to the centre. In the meantiine his opponent shall retire 
 to his corner and remain until the fallen man shall first reaCh the center, 
 wlicn tijne shall be called and the round completed. If, however, the man 
 fails to come to the center within ten seconds, the referee shall decide that he 
 has lost the contest. 
 
 9. If a man is forced on to the ropes, and in such a helpless position asto be 
 unable to defend himself, it shall be the duty of the referee to order both men 
 to the center. 
 
 10. If cither principal becomes so exhausted that it is apparently imprudent 
 or danii^erous to continue, it shall be the duty of the referee to stop the contest 
 and give his decision in favor of the more deserving- man. 
 
 11. When it becomes evident that either principal in order to unnecessa- 
 rily prolong- the contest, makes no eifort to exchange blows, when in the 
 opinion of the referee ' j i. able to do so, the referee after duly warning him, 
 and he still refuses, may ward the contest against him. 
 
 12. A second shall not have the right to knowledge defeat, or compromise 
 the contest on behalf of his principal without first obtaining his consent. 
 
 13. If at any time during the contest it should become evident that the 
 parties interested, or by-standers, are doing anything to injure either princi- 
 ])als or to AvillfuUy interfere in any -way to prevent him from fairly winning, 
 the referee shall have the power to declare the principal so interfered with 
 the w^inner. 
 
 14. If on the day named for the meeting anything unavoidable should 
 occur to prevent the contest from taking place or from being finished, the 
 reteree shall n .me the time and place for the next meeting, which must be 
 within three days from the day of postponement, proper notice of which shall 
 be given to both parties. Either man failing to appear at the time and place 
 appointed by the referee shall be deemed to have lost the contest. 
 
 15. If there is anything said or done to intimidate the referee, while serv- 
 ing, he shall have the right to reserve his decision, which, however, must be 
 rendered within twenty-four hours after the contest. 
 
 16. If the contest should occur in a field, blunt hobbles not over one-eighth 
 of an inch in thickness or length should be used in place of spikes on the 
 soles of the shoes, and must be placed so as to be harmless to an opponent. 
 
 17. In order that exhibitions may be conducted in a quiet and orderly 
 ma.iner, the referee should always request spectators to refrain from loud 
 expressions or demonstrations and any one guilty of such conduct while a 
 contest is in progress should be severely condemned. 
 
 SUGGESTION TO REFEREES.— While in the forgoing rules broad 
 and unrestricted powers are reposed in the referee, in order that his authority 
 may be unquestioned in preventing intentional violations of the rules, and of 
 fair dealing, it is expected that referees will use the greatest caution and 
 wi'^est discretion in the exercise of their power, and in distinguishing acci- 
 dental mistakes on the part of the contestants or their supporters from wilful 
 violations of the spirit of these articles. 
 
 [Th^^ nbove rules are submitted in hope that they mav possibly correct some 
 of the objectionable features which have hitherto attended exhibitions of 
 boxing, encouraging fairer, more scientific and interesting exhibitions of this 
 old and much admi:-e I snort.] 
 
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