S^-^J^ .R26 ^:^^t ^. SOVEREIGJV REMEDIES FOR THE CURE OF DISEASES OF HORSES, IN THE VARIOUS STAGES OF DISEASE. ->^ This Work contains nfull and complete list of Infallible Heme dies for the Cure of all the Diseases to which Horses in this climate are liable^ together zvith the various and tmilii- plied Symptoms attending said Diseases in their different stages. This Work zoill also contain Directions for the Surgical Treatment of Horses; and their management, both in harness and under the saddle BY ic^3MW]i]L m^'E ^ Aa ^. lEwm^mm. <^- Entered according to the act of Cougress, in the year 1854, by Samukl Ray and A. J. Hunter, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of tke United States, for the District of Kentucky. BOOK & JOB PRINTS n, a LAS COW, KY. PKEFACE. The Authors of this pamphlet h^ve been induced to bring before the {Hibhcu small work, treating on the diseases of horses and cattle, so li:.'it every fnrnner and stock grower may have a safe and constant gujd(" at hand. Thi:? little book will be filled up with the symptoms of dis- eases; and, we feel safe in recommending those receipts before the pub- lic, as we have practiced them sufficient to guarantee for the many cure? performed by them. We are aware, the public have been im- posed on by worthless receipts, pamphlets, and so on. We do not wish to be considered im[)ortunate in recommending our own cherished ex- perience, but we feel safe in saying '.hat our small pamphlet is beyond the I each of criticism. We court an investigation of its pages and re medics, and base our confidence dlor c upon the success of our reme- dies, liilherto whollv unknown. METHOD OF GEWTLOG HORSES The horfiois naturally an affectionate and mild animal; and the onW rcrtson why he is no! as docile and tractable as the dog, is because the same system of management is not adopted in his education. The Arab, who fondles on his horse as he would his child, feeding him from his own hand and keeping him in the same tent with his family, is re- paid in having an animal that he can govern at will by a word or sign — which will single him out from a thousand, and which will not de- sert him. By our system, the wildest or most vicious horse may be made, in a Bhorltime, as mild and gentle as the Arabian. My secretin taming horses, it is to be obseived, consists in the uni- iormily of order, and uniformity of all things, with that patience and mildness which removes fear and gives confidence in a man, Teach him to look for caresses and protection from your hand, — instead of in- juries; feed and water him from your own hand, as the dog, rubing ar.d patting him in the face, and talking kind to him, are the most etTectual means of soolhing the most vicious. V» [ndividuality Large. — Graal powers of observation — desire to see and examine — acrurate. 2. Form Large.- Great memory of faces, form, shape and counte- nances, 3. Size Large. — Ability to judge of proportion, distance and siz-j. 4. Weight.— Power of ballancing and preserving his equilibrium in different positions — aids to be sure-fooled, as mules are more sure-fool- ed than horses. 5. Color Large. — Observes various colors, as you see all nnimaU notice. You will iiind horses fear a green blanket after the use ot a wliite oiie= 6. Order Large. — Love of ordor and arrangement, as you see borsen go inlo any stable, if things remain in their usual places, and refuse to be rubbed against the hair. 7. Number Large. — You see the horse, after doing the same things three or four times, is willing to continue the same, and is apt to drifik i \he same number of swallows of waller; some 30, others 40. but if not very dry, l5 or 20. <3. Locality Large.— Great memory of place and ihe positions of objects; have In the mind a kind of map of tho country around, seldom lose themselves. 9. Eventuality Large.- -Great memory of passing avents and facts. 10. Time Large. — Causes them to notice the time of the day to feed, the hour of the night to sleep, and the change of the weather. 1 1 . Tune Large. — Notice various sounds, and if comhativenesy is well developed, love the sound of drums, trumpets, guns, &,c. 12. Language Large. — Notice the sound of various words, as — come, go, who — and remember names. It is best to have horses iuin- gry before you commence handling them, then lake them oft to them- j^elves and give them half food, salt and water for three days; and, when they see you, they look for food and kindness. Every lime vou go to them give them something from your hand: tiien they will al- ways be kind to you. To tame a horse that is perfectly wild, have him in a stable or pad- dock, and after clearing the premises of everything calculated to fright- en him, (dogs, chickens, &c.,) drive him as gently as possible into a corner, and approach by degrees, that he may see there is no cause of alarm. If too skittish to let you handle him, take a rod 8 or 10 feet long, and rub him with it till somewhat gentle, and approach him gra- dually by shortening the rod. It the horse shovvs fight, and attempts to fly ai you, as the wildest are apt to do; shaking a blanket in his face will elTectually frighten him from his purpose. Soon as he will allow you to lay your hands on him, rub his face gently downwards, (not across or against the grain V>f the hair,) and as soon as he becomes reconciled to this, a? you will perceive by his eye and countenance, rub hiou like a dos:. To teach a horse to lay down, belore he learns to lead, put a Iooi> over one ot his forelegs, as if going to shoe him; h^^ cannot get it ofl'; then gently pull against the bridle, and he will stretch his head out and lay down. Soft ground should always i)o selected, then rub and pat him till vou can sit on him or walk ovtr him. rubbin?- his flanks and and nil other parts. A broke hor?e should be exercised; and his toot laslened up, then turn Iiis head to one side and place water on the side upon which the foot is tied up. If he rears, tie rope a round his waist very tight, which will prevent it. To break a horse to harness, you may commence by putting a rope over his back and letting the ends hang loose on his sides, then lead him about, harnessing him as above until he becomes satisfied you do not intend to hurt him; then put on the harness and pull gently on the traces. In a ?hort time, by this kind of treatment, he will be prepared ioY work. If inclined to kick, you may side-line him, and he cannot in- jure himself by plunging or kicking. Somelimes, side-line? will be ne- cessary in breaking for the saddle; but then they are to be avoided if possible, by fastening a re p3 to his tail and pulling it round to the *ide. You may do much by fastening the tail between the leg-, or a line on his back or side, as it pi events him from kicking you. You may get a horse to start by pulling his tail to the side. To brake a horse for the saddle, you may begin showing the blanket, rubbing him with it; throwing it on his back. In a short time you may lay the saddle on; and, after fondling for a few minuies, you may fist- en it and ride with perfect safety. It is better, however, for someone to stand by his head at first, and keep him quiet, then to lead him along until all danger is over. If he is dangerous, he sliould be exercised in this way for some time, and left as he becomes moie gentle in working. You can then manage him better. It is^belter to work a horse to make him very gentle; but, if this cannot be done, I would recommend the use ot hilt and hcirness; that he may learn to be governed by the bri- dle. Be careful not to get his mouth sore. Put on, at first, a loose harness, and let. it remain for some time, {f the harness is tight it will make and unbroken horse sweat and faint. You may, in the case of a very vicious horse, side-line him. To make ahorse follow you, — You may make any man's horse follow you in t^n minutes, or some minutes less. Go {o the horse, rub his face, jaw and chin, leading him about, saying to him, Come along; any other words will answer, but a consiant tone is necessary. Take him to himselt. away from persons or horses; repeat rubbing, leading and ^topping. Sometimes turn him around all ways, and keep his atl ; t'on by saying. Come along. Put your arms round his neck, an( ^vr,..i' the words in his ear. With some horses it is important to it has a better effect in gentling them, and besides hides the secret. Kaep as near the horse as possible, and at first do i:jt| 8 walk {aster than he does. This process will cause any horse to fol- low. But if the animal has any injury in the face you had better pui off the trial until it is well. To accustom a hcrse to a Gun. — Commence showing your friendship by caressing as above detailed. Then snap a percussion cap with a pistol, and let the horse smell the smoke of gunpowder. At every explosion caress your horse till all fright is removed ; then you may fire small reports over head, around \and behind the horse until ail is easy. If you have a very wild horse, place him in a stall or pen^ so as to have him safe before you go through the above process. As soon as you convince the horse that the explosion will not hurt him, you may fire a cannon and he will not budge. To accustom a horse to an umbrella you walk before with one opening and shutting it. Let him smell it and rubit over his head. Then get upon him gently, and open it, and ride him along until his fear is over. It is in all cases of breaking a horse of habit, belter to take him to some new place away from home. At (he place where a horse has been spoiled you will alwa/f s find him unkinder than elsewhere. Horses will re- member for years places and and habits good or bad. You musl caress your horse on both sides, for a horse may be gentled on one side, and not on the other. To manage a fighting or kicking Horse, — Put him in a stall or pen in which he cannoi turn round, with slats through which you can put vour hand, (hen commencing by rubbing him in the fate and all over two or three times, raising his tail, and soothing by your voice. To shoe a horse, you must rub his legs gently, then tap o!je after another his /ore and hind feet, saying to him, Foot, foot, until he will let you raise them. Hold them awhile, and place them gently down. Repeat until all tear is removed. In this way you may lenrn the most vicious to be shod without difficulty. All you wish a horse to learn ought to be done three or four times and repeated two or three days in succession. To break a Horse of shying or dodging. — Never strike him for offences of this kind. But when he scares get down, rub him in the face, lead him to the object of alarm, then back, then mount and ride to the object. Repeat this several times when }our horse starts or shies, and he will soon overcome the habit. If your horse is scary about crossing bridges, lead him gently over fceveral times till you convince him he may cross without beiiig hurt. To make a Horse stand still when you mount. — Get on and off se.vc.. ral times without suffering jour horse to move out his tracks. After n few lessons your horse will wail till you start him yourself. Car- riage horses will wait till you start them yourself. Carriage horses should in this way be broke to stand perfectly still until started by the driver. To make a horse start who sulks in harness. — You pursue the same pian J18 with a contrary race horse, viz: After gentling him, turn his head to one side and speak to him kindly to come along. Should he not then move turn his head the other way and tiy him. I never yet with some of the worsi horses have had to turn their head the third time. To make a horse stand where you leave him. — Tie his head a little on one side to his saddle or fail. Some require a knot in the rein to the side as that will keep it in the place. When he moves, he mu»t fol- low his head, and turning round will soon make him dizzy and stop. Horses fastened in this way cannot be stampeded or run oft by wild hojses. Hundreds are thus lost. To make a wild horse kind to alL — Several persons must handle hinn otherwise he is only broke to you, ai:d you only can manage him. Wear while breaking a horse the same colored harness. Horses are observant of colors, and will not recogniie you readily, in a different color from the one you last handled them in. If a horse lie dowr<, and will not get up drive a stake in the ground and fasten him down for ten or twelve hours then loosen him, work him gently for about an hour; water and feed him. He will know better next iirrie. To manage a contrary race horse. — If he stops or snlks, go to him^ speak In him kindly, and rub him down the fao(;. Use the bridle no more than yon can help. Turn his head gently tc the right ( r to the left, aod you will never have to turn his he-nd this way more than three tisncs before the sulkiness wiil disappear, and he will be m iilinj^ to Si art. Then continue rubbing him in the face, talking to him as \n ether CMses, and keepinj^ him quiet by leading him about, usir-K the same soothing tone ol voice till the time for staitintj. Make him stand jr. one spot by rubbing him in the fjice. If he frets lead hiin away and then back to the same spot until he remains quiet vX that spot. Some tliiee or four times will do. \^ you have a race horse that flies the track yoti may break him « fit by blindf 'Ini ig im on the side he. flies the track, arsd practice so for some time, or you ma/ run l.im occasionally the contiary way round the track from ihe vv'?./ 10 he is accustomed to run. Some horses run unkindly under the spur. iMost race horses are whipped loo much. If )ou whip, strike different parts of the horse's body. Many need only encouraging by die voice ; and iftrained to obey it, it answers all purposes. ir you are on a prairie you may make \oiir horse feed al! night bv Idindfolding; him — when he will not run off. A horse that slips his bridle may ha prevented by driving some small tacks through the headslall, so inal when he pulls back, they will stick him. He will not try more than twice, and the memory of his failure will deter him afterwards. It a horse is wariled for a long race or journey, select one with a ^onr" body (or a long ra.eand one with a short body for a short race. 'J'o geiille a horse or mule take fhe oil of rhodium, oil of annis, oil of spike, three equal quantities, and let them smell it from a vial or from your hand. In all cases rubbing and patting the animal as above <{escribed. Another is to take from the leg the scurf or chesnut. Pulverise, pat it in a quill and blow m each nostril some three or four times. It makes him kind to you. The Spanish method of gentling horses is to milk in your hand the mare's milk. You mix it with salt, and let them lick it from your hand. By doin0(netinie«. The tootlie in front of the jaw teeth being extracted will Uive relief. You can do this with a hammer and punch. Eyes are -OiOf times infllamed by fine hairs on the inside of the lids-, pulling them out irives relieJ. Fan-y is known by swelled spotches under the beily, — Cured by M^^edii^g and wa.«hiiitj, --.s in Distemper; which in all cases repeat ou iV.x". third finy if not amcfided. Parcin is caused by a long run of the Surfeit. — Symptoms, issues from the the noslrils, some times (rom one, then from the other, anil change of color. Cure, — As soon as you see the case, bleed freely and purge; give Cherry and Dog wood bark, and some times Columbia Poplar bark, beaten up fine in food; 4 doses for a man is enough for a horse. You may give it in small doses. Mind, repeat the bleeding once a week, Fever is caused from want of change in food, want of, or too much, exercise. — Cured by rest, turning on grass, or bleeding; mash of scald- ed meal and oats, 1 oz. of salt petre and sulphur. Fistula is caused by a bruise, or sprain, or i'lghi raining. Cured by raising the skin on each side ot the neck, run a small hot iron through the skin, cause the crease to fall; that cures it. If it has been broken you may open the place, so as to get your finger in and you will find bubbles or sooieth ing like eggs, vvhich being removed it is cured. — Horses arched in the neck and mules never have this disease. Founder. — As ^oon as you discover founder in your horse, wrap his legs in straw or ^ lankets and keep them in a sweat, by poring hot wa- ter on them, for One hour; if not relieved, bleed him in each fore foot only. Be careful not to open two orifices at once, as this will imme- diately stop the bleeding. The frog of the foot is sometimes bruised so as to cause lameness; it can be detected by pressing on that part ot the foot. In a case where the frog is too f^al, it should be trimmed and the horse shod. Glanders is caused by a ^y, vvhich deposits its eggs in the nose of the hoise; the eggs hatch, form worms, which produce the bad smell. A cure can be efTecied by putting two cotton balls in the nostrils and setting fire to them. The horse either sneezes and throws them oui or they are suflfocaled by the smoke. So soon as the burning is cured the horse is well. Horses have, within the nostrils, a small orifice in- to the head, which can be seen by opening the nostrils a little. It runs in the glanders. Examine before you purchase to see if free fron^ matter, Greazy Heels comes from the scratches and is hard to cure. Cure^ — Use cooper's vinegar as wash. Graz^e/.—The horse rears up and appears defective in his loine, caused by costiveness—dung pressing on the neck Of the bladder. Cure — Bleed and purge. Hide Bound, — In this disease, the horse appears dull; his skin i« tight on his bones. It is caused from the want of water and of food. Bleed and give sassafras or ppice wood tea in mashes. Slippery elm is also good in this disease. Hoof Bound. — In this disease the heels are contraeled and the horse goes cripling. Shoe with a shoe of soft iron and rasp the hoof very thin in front; then, with the tongs, open the heel of the shoe a little. Keep the iioof greased and the disease will disappear. Manj a horse has his shoulder cut and scarified when this is really the cause of lame- ness. Hooks. — You may know by throwing the head up when the eye- washer will appear enlarged and nearly cover the eye. To cut them out side-line the horse and twist his nose; then run a needle and thread through the washer and, pulling it out, cut away the horny substance without cutting through the washer. Lumpers is caused by feeding on corn and want of cooling food. — Horses never have it or. grass. When it hurts a horse he rubs his tail Cured by scraping the bars of the mouth a little. Never burn it; it is useless and cruel. Poisonfrom Snake Bite. — This poison may be cured by wetting lobe- !y and bind to the part; or, a cure may be effected by scraping the part and burning it slightly with gun powder. Poison {known as milk sickness) is caused bv wild food. Sometimes the horse will not complain until exercised. Do not exercise him, but bleed freely four days, as much as he can bear, and all is well. Poison of other kinds. — Some seem to vomil. 1 am at a loss for a cure, but would recommend sweating and bleeding. Scoujs is caused by eating grass tl at has not had sun enough to make it svveet and then too much exercise. Cure, — If the horse is dis- charging blood, bleed him a little and bathe in cold water, giving him dry food, with a piece of alum about as big as a plum, pounded in it Scalls from Saddle or Gear.- -Wash well in cold water some 4 time.s a day, and bathe it until it is cool; and, in case it will not inflame or matter, grease it at night. For Scalls by Water. — Fine soap is good. In Scratches the legs swell and crack and the hair comes ofT. Wash in copperas or bUiestonc water and exercise freely; or, clean the parts well with soap suds, and then grease with lard and sulphur. .Sore Tongue is known by the horse salivating and refusing to eat. Bleed them; fasten some salt petre and alum on the bridle bilt. Surfeit is known by the skin breaking out in small lumps. Bleed and mash as in Distemper. Swincy is caused from slrnins— is most commonly in the shoulder. Cut through the skin at the lower part of its adherence to the bone and introduce a smooth paddle and raise the skin from the flesh wherever it adheres, then introduce about a thimble full of salt into the wound and keep the parts below greased, to prevent the matter which will ru.i from excoriating the skin. Swiney in the hips is treated in the same wav. Watering.— It is all important for their healTn to give horses good water. You see colts muddy the water when teething and horses sta- bled to mucater dirt, but it 'is only to pur^e them, as they wallow m water to cool themselves when feverish. For Wounds— Cuts and Snags— Bn\he in cold water to keep the swelling down and, at night, put on the sore seme honey. Worms or Botls may be known by the horse rolling and often looking; round to his side strefching himself and sonr.c times swelling. Give new n^iik — {I'r.m one to two galons. You never see the bott fly about cat- tle. Botts may be relieved by half pt tar and lard cake — a good purge^ Ydlow Water. — Symptoms— Gums yellow, hair in main and tail comes out without the routs. Cure—Bleed freely, then give dogwood and cherry bark in the food, with alum and rausin, as they carry oflf the water. In all rases of disease, repeat the treatment until better. The health of horses is greatly promoted by rendering them as com- fortable as possible, and exarcise them gently night and morning from two to lour miles. The bowels act as soon as the horse comes to the air and moves about. They should not be kept standing tco long in one position, as it is tiresome to them and injures theii health. As a general rule, to preserve the health ot your horse, you should either dry him, or turn loose to wallow in the dust to dry himself, as soon as yoa stop from a lide that raised the sweat. Most of the diseases of the horse are caused by the sudden check of perspiration he suflfcrs m the capricious treatment he often receives. Horses in a state of nature are subject to few diseases. ludulge the horse as far as practical in his na- tural habits; of these, wallowing is the most healthful Of Cattle and Sheep. — To cure cattle o( sore throat. — As soon as you see your cows' eyes dull and watering and ears hang down, you will bleed freely and bathe in cold water. To Fatten an old Oxor Co7i\--?Ap-eA them treely; they will be thrifty Sheep are subject to the rot, caused by the hole between the toes, being stopped. Open them; they will be well in two days, some tims^^ :-oonerv Every one receiving a copj of this publication muet consider him- pelf thereby tacitly pledging his honor not to divulge the i^ecret of the management of horsss. This work has been entered according to an act of Congress and Ihe Copy.Righi secured to the Authors, who will enforce the law to the fullest extent /or infriogero^nt, Tnsi Abtbo»s. RECEIPTS FOR THE CURE OF DISEASES lA' HOkSEs WHICH HAVE HITHERTO BEEN COASIDERED mCURABLE! For Big-head or Jaiv. — Take ijalf pint of Turpentine, one ounce of Camphor, one ounce Corrosive Sublinnate, mix and let stand for a day and it is fit for use. Use about one table spoonful on each side of the head or jaw, bathe the parts well with a hot iron. Do this once a day until you use all the medicine; at the same time, commence giving Sul- phur, about one quarter of a pound at a dose, until you give three or four pounds; do this every four or five days; bleed modeiately every sixth day for five or six times, and keep your horse out of wet weather while doctoring him. This medicine is poison. Pole EviL — Use about the same quantity of the same medicine, al- wa}s washing the sore well^if broke, with warm water and soap — bo- fore applying the medicine; bleed some three or four times and give three or four doses of Sulphur, always bathing it with a hot iron. For Bone, Bog, or Blood Spavin. — Make use of the same receipt and same quantity, omitting the bleeding and Sulphur, but bathe well es- pecially for Bone Spavin. For Foot EviL — You will use the same medicine, omitting the bath- ing, keeping them out of wet weather or dew, and give three or four doses of Sulphur and bleed two or three times. For Ring Bone» — Use the same medicine and bathe the part well, omitting the Sulphur and bleeding. Foj' Splint, Saddle Galls, or any hard bony substances arising from Kicks, Blows or Sprains. — Use the same medicine, omitting the bleed- ing and Sulphur, but bathe well. Fistula, — Take one half pint Turpentine, one ounce Camphor, one ounce Corrosive Sublimate, pulverized, mix and let stand for a day and it is fit for use. Use about two table spoonsful on each side and bathe well with a hot iron; do this once a day until you use all the medicine. Bleed on first, fifth and tenth mornings. Give three or four doses Sul- phur. For Swiney. — Take as many different kinds of grease asyou can con- veniently get, (one of which should be of the oldest bacon you can ob- 18 tain,) add to this me dozen pods Red Pepper; stew all together; then add one ounce of Cannphor, three or four spoonsful ot Turpentine, and lub in well once or twice a day. Bleed on first and sixth days. For Big Shoulder- Take one pint of French Brandy and as much Aquafortis as will make it sour, so as to make it bite the tongue, then add ounce ot Bkiestone* one ounce Corrosive Sublimate, one ounce of Camphor, two vials Oil of Spike, one and a halt gills Turpentme; mix all together and toke a hair brush and rub it in. Do this two or three times, always bathing it well with a hot iron; do this every other day; f)leed two or three times- and give three or four doses Sulphur and keep them o utof bad weather. Fo7- Weak or Inflamed Eye^, — Take ten grains Calomel, two grains Red Percipitdte; mix it well and add to this quantity one tea spoonful of fresh Butter; mix it well and put a small quantity in the eye with a feather once a day, using a wash at the same time made by adding one half ounce of Laudanum to one pint water. Bleed some two or three Hmes in eight or ten days. For Glanders. — Make a strong decoction of Tobacco boiled, weaken riccording to the symptoms, add one third pint of this to one pint of water and give this quantity every other day. Give your horse a quar- ter pound Sulphur every fourth or fifth morning until you use two or three pounds; bleed once a week for three or four weeks; at the same time, make weak tea of Burdock, Yellow Paplar and Sarsaparilla, let them be his constant drink. For Founder. — As quick as you find your horse is foundered, bleed him in the neck in proportion to the greatness of the founder, then diaw his head up and give him one pint of salt added to one quart of water, strained; then wet the edge of his hoofs with Turpentine. For Bots. — Take one pint of new milk, one pint molasses and drench your horse; in some twenty minutes, give your horse one quart sage lea, warm as he can drink it; in one hour, give your horse one pint of I/inseed Oil* For C/iolic,—[n the first place, you will bleed your horse freely, then get half ounce of Laudanum,, one gill of Whiskey, three spoonsful of Turpentine, put them in a pint bottle and fill it with warm water and drench your horse. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 002 844 979 3 :