wtiffl^ innm ^ i iii mi" iii i ii iL iimi nii iiiiiii.iiiimiiiii i rirnmi nnin i iiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiii ii iiii ii iimTimiimill limniN lllllllilll B a WAR HISTORY o/ SANTA CLARA COUNTY □ □ EDITH DALEY Edited and published By SANTA CLARA COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY n i . ii i iii iM i i ii ii i m i iiii ii imiii. i iii iiii iiiiL ii i iii ii ii Mi iii iiii i ii ii i iiik ii i i i . i iiiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiMi.,iiiiiui.iiiiiNi. IIIIIIII I1 iiiiiiiiiMiiii iiMniimiiiii i!iriHiFmnTmmin iii!!iii iiiiiiii|i|ini'!i" ! "i i ii B A i'0in]3lpt(' list of tile naini's of tin' iiu'ii who oiiteft'd the service of the United States from this county durino' the war, is nowhere to be found, ^lueh I'tfort has hem made to perfect the list for liiis history. It is important tluit whoever discov- ers the name of a si-rvice man that has been omitte(l, shall write sui'li iiauie in this honk, in its ])iviper idace, in the printed columns. Also write the name on a postcard and mail to the undersin-ned. for in- sertion ill a possible seconrica had to do she was able to do. There were two ways of r.aising the amount needed: (ii'rmany 's method of taxation or the issu- ance of bouils. Tncle Sam borrowed, giving his interest bearing pi'omissory note to every nmn, woman and child who offered him their savings or their wealth. Secretary of the Treasury W. (i. Mc.-'idoo, on April 111 jiredicted the amount of the Imnd issue that would be needed. Then we began to talk of buying government bonds as we might have talked of purchasing a commutation ticket previously. Men talked it over. Bonds. A big issue. Not all at once but as funds were needed. When Uncle Sam asked for a "loan'' it meant that real war was ahead. People checked uji their savings. More and more flags fluttered out everywhere. The sky was ablaze with them. A new tenseness and seriousness pervaded business circles. Then came the never-to-be-forgotten nation-wide oliserv- ance of Preparedness Day — on April 12, 1917. More than 10,000 loyal citizens led by City Man- ager Thomas H. Reed, who was responsible for the day's success, marched through the city's streets while the Stars and Strii)es waved above them and bands played Dixie and America — and the thrill- ing Marseillaise. Thousands of hearts swelling and throats tightening queerly when the llag went by! We began to realize that war encompassed us all. That night, at a great mass meeting in the high school auditorium hundreds unanimously pledged hearts and hands to the country's cause. There we renewed our "allegiance to the flag and to the liigh jiiinciples of liberty, humanity and justice which it rejiresents. ' ' On May .S, 1917, the announcement was made that the first offering of bonds authorized under the finance law would be .$2,000,000,000. "Liberty Loan'' issue, open to jxipular suljscription at par; subscriptions to be receiveil until June 15. Bonds to be dateil July 1 ami ready for delivery then. Bonds were attractively exempt from taxation — except estate or inheritance taxes, and bore three and one-half per cent interest. Denominations were from $.50 to .$100,000 and payments arranged on easy terms, two per cent payable on applica- tion. The 12 Federal Reserve Banks were desig- nated as the central agencies in their respective districts. Santa Clara county 's cpiota was approx- imately $2,000,000, this amount being figured with the bank deposits as a basis. Boys were enlisting — volunteering. Adolpli B. Canelo Jr., offered his services to his country and hurrieid home from ('olunibia university at this time, being ordered to the Presidio at San Francisco. L. M. Farrell was niaile a lieutenant colonel and onlered to important duties in the San Joaquin valley. We wire watching this San Jos- ean's raiud mililary rise with neighborly interest and pride. Katherine Burke, the dynamic Scottish hospital worker who had seen experience on every fighting front, K\'as here thrilling ns with vivid word pictures of things overseas. Colonel Theo- ilore Roosevelt was using his most strenuous endeavor to gain jiermission to raise a regiment for service in France. This touched us closely through our own Dave Dobbins whose patriotism flamed to meet that of the First American. Dave didn't go then. Roosevelt was rejected by his country and this tragic disappointment Dave Dobbins shareil. Nothing daunted he went to Canada and enlisted there. We glorified in his determination when he returned to San Jose for a few days some months ago in the natty uniform of an English aeroplane instructor. We began to hear of war gardens and food conservation, of the council of defense and regis- tration. There were frequent flag presentations and we learned how to ]iroperly salute Old Glory. Men who kept their li;its on when the grandest flag on earth 'went by met strangely questioning looks. We were absorbing the war spirit. It came to ns in larger measure when we who stayed at WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY Iidiiio realized that by liii.yiiig bonds we could fight with our money. About this time Josepli M. Parlier, manager of the Sperry Flour eomjiany, spoke prophetically. The price of flour and other commodities had been steadily climbing. Some one asked Parker what he thought about the probable continuance of high prices. "Even if the war were liuished today,'' said Parker, "Europe will be loft with millions of tired men, shot and broken to pieces. Tlieir tools and implements have long been out of service and the soil is ruined for tillage. It will be several years before they can feed themselves. We will have to feed them. With Europe looking to us for food the price of foodstuffs "will not come down.'' On May 14, 1917, the details of the Liberty Loan were telegraphed all over the country. Offi- cers training camjis opened. Men flocked to fill them, Pacifists were abroad in the land, their voices raised in protest against the country's war policy. The Espionage measure was passed May 14. We began to hear the ominous words "slack- er," "disloyalty,'' and "sedition." The old easy settled routine of things was sadly disturbed at the time of the beginning of the first Liberty Loan drive. FIRST LIBERTY LOAN DRIVE California was divided into two districts with the Tehachapi the dividing line and Los Angeles and San Francisco headquarters. The northern district was divided into sixteen sub-districts with a competent bond seller in charge of each. Before the real campaign striited voluntary local bond subscriptions began to coine in. The Knights Templar and Observatory Parlor of the Native Sons were tlie first Fraternal organizations to buy bonds. Sen. Frank H. Benson and Judge Urban A. Sontheimer are on record as having advocated the early purchase of Liberty Bonds liy the Native Sons. May 23, IHIT, by telegraphic designation, the Secretary of the Treasury and A. Kains, Governor of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, appointed a local committee for handling the cam- paign in Santa Clara county, particularly to receive bond subscriptions. The following men were named: John Brooke, Vice-President Safe Depiosit Bank, Chairman; W. K. Beans, president of Bank of San .Jose; W. E. Blauer, manager local liranch of Bank of Italy; W. S. Clayton, president First National Bank; T. S. Montegomery, president Gar- den City Bank and Trust Company; Wilbur Etfwards, president Security Savings Bank. The opening of the Second Officers ' Training Camp preceded the first Bond Drive. Very few San Joseans ever knew that the work of inter- viewing and examining all the applicants for shoulder straps and military titles was done by a working volunteer committee of three. W. S. Clayton, A. B. Post and V. J. LaMotte did this patriotic service rejecting the men they considered unfit and sending the others to San Francisco for acceptance or rejection by the "higher jiowers. " The little old oak table in room 401 in the First National Bank building could unfold an interesting tale if it hail a voice. Beside it the committee of three met the embryo officers and here also the real work of the first liberty bond drive had its beginning. On the evening of May 24, 1917, a few San Jose men gathered in this loom to talk over the task that confronted the nation and the task that awaited them. It was a jioorly attended meeting. No extra (dinirs had to be brought in. Around the worn old table were W. S. Clayton, Dr. W. C. Bailey, John Kiister, E. K. Johnston, H. L. Baggerly, J. D. Far- well and perhaps one or ^wo others whose names .-ire forgotten. No records were kept. Only the little room and the oak table can tell the whole story. It was an earnest gathering and the power generated here won a smashing victory in Bonds with «'liicdi to liac-k up the boys! This office had no telephone so on May 26 those volunteers moved into rooms 701-702. This was E. N. Richmond 's office and he donated its use during the entire period of the first and second Buud drives. In the new headquarters there was anotlici- small but significant meeting on the even- ing of "min'ing ilay, " May 26, 1917. At this memorable time a complete working commiittee was named. John D. Kustcr, manager of the Pa- cific Gas and Electric Company was made County chairman and Dr. W. C. Bailey secretary. The bank committee previously named by Kains and McAdoo \\'as supplemented by other appointments, making the jiersonnel of the original bond workers as follows; John D. Kuster, Dr. W. C. Bailey, John F. Bro.ik, E. X. Richmond, J. D. Farwell, Howell D. ilelvin, II. L. Baggerly, Elton R. Shaw, Geo. N. Herbert, Alfred B. Post, Wm. E. Blauer, E. K. Johnston, Walter Mathewson, V. J. La Motte, W. S. Clayton, (!. R. P;irkinson, Herbert Robinson, H. G. Coyken.lall, ('has. R. Parkinson and Wilbur J. Edwards. A new and very grave responsibility had to be faced. Each man realized that there was a tremendous task ahead. There was no organiza- tion, no plan. A way had to be found. Each man only knew that Uncle Sam had touched him on the shoulder and that he was expected to put that shoulder to the wheel of national affairs and help to win the war. Not a man faltered though it nie.'uit the hardiest kind of work and the neglect of his private business interests. This was "big business." San Jose and Santa Clai'a County men of affairs would do their loyal part in com- pany with the humblest citizen sons of Uncle Sam. Each had the feeling that the eyes of his country- men were upon him; that the empty hands "over there'' were outstretched to him in appeal. There came a new thrill of brotherhood for our allies. That thrill tightened the throats of stern business men when news came that the Stars and Stripes WAR HISTORY OK SANTA CLARA COUNTY were floating higli ov'i- Victoria Tower in Lon- don — the fiist time in the liistory of a thonsaiul years that any Hag o'.lier than the Englisli lind been raised over the "Mother of Parliament." Work began in earnest. Telephone.s and auto- mobiles were requisitioned. The committee forgot to look at the clock. On May 25, Senator James D. Phelan telegra|ihed from Washington "We are fighting for our liberty with the weapon nearest our hand. The Lilierty Bond is such a weapon." Slogans met one everywhere. "Have you bought your Liberty Bond?" "Fight or Pay," "Enlist or (lontrilmte, " shouted at the reader from every page of tlie newspapers. Bonils were nrgeil as investments ami suggested as ideal wed- ding presents! Sunday, May 27, congregations in San Jose churches, listened to eloquent appeals to their loy- alty and patriotism. In one church the ]iastor changed "Jerusalem" to "America" with tidling effect, his text reailing: "If I forgot tliee, O America, let my right hauil forget its cunning." The committee on public meetings consisted of Elton R. Shaw, E. K. Johnston and E. N. Ricli- mond. They were to consult with Alexander Sheriffs, Superintendent of Schools. On May 29, the first big luncheon was held at the St. James hotel. Invitations to attend this luncheon were sent to the executive heads of all fraternal orilers, church societies, social clnlis and to all preachers, teachers, business and professional men. The speech of the hour was made by Max Kulil and the spirit of the gathering was President Wilson 's message: "The supreme test of the nation has come. We must all act and serve together." On Decoration Day lumdreds gathered in St. James ]>ark to hear Rev. J. W. Kramer's wonder- ful tribute to his country and his dramatic aiijieal for every loyal citizen's loyal support in the hour of America's need. " OIil Glory,'' said the speaker, "May it wave and \vave and never be furled until it is folded over tlie grave of dethroned Prussian- ism! May it wave ami wave nntil war shall only be a fit inscrijition for the gates of hell! And wave and wave \intil all suffering humanitiy shall feel tlie wainith of its loving embrace! On this Decoration Day, C. E. Kratt, the first pharmacist to enlist, left San Jose to join the colors and J. D. Chase, Jr. Secretary of the County Council of Defense since its organization, enlisted as a private in the National Guard. An evening in early June the committee mft in Richmond's olIic(> and ("hairman Kuster an- nounced that the Rotarians had been canvassed and each promiseil to buy bonds. He had also spoken to .17 Pacific Gas and Electriic employees and .16 had replied favorably. That was a start. Every bank in the county was alive to the need and subscribing liberally. On the night of June 6, City Manager Thomas H. Reed and Cyrus Pierce of San Francisco addressed a mass meeting at the Victory Theatre at which Judge W. A. Beasly presideil. E. N. Richmond acted as liond seller and $44,6.50 was subscribed on the spot. Only about 1(100 attended this first mass meeting but each of tli<' llllin men and w'omen went away fully determined that San Jose should do its full duty. Music for this meeting was furnished by W. E. Johnson, assisted by Dr. Charles M. Richards and the following (piartet: Mrs. Charles Bras- land, Mrs. J. C. Elder, Roy Thompson and Warren French. When W. E. .lohnson sang "The Battle Hymn of the Republic,'' and "The Star Spangled Banner" that night in .Tune he little thought how many times his a]ipt'a!ing \'oice would wake San Jose audiences to heights of patriotism in the days to come — days that were to bring him heart- breaking news in the casualty lists from his ' ' Mother England. ' ' On June S, 1917. leil by Charles R. Parkinson, the Rotarians starteil a "Shoe Leather Campaign" of the residential ami business districts with an nccompanying "boost'' program of patriotic mass meetings. That evening at the high school mem- bers of the comnuttee addressed the stud(>nt body numbering iriOO. Among other things, Jolin Kuster saiil tersely: "It's up to till' Tnited States to lick Germany. If we don't do it Germany is going to lick us." W. S. Clayton said in part. "You must do your part if you intenir country 's history. No slackers in Rotary! • * * We can't afford to allow the high school of San Jose which has been organized to solicit the residential sec- tion to beat out a bunch of live business men at their own game. Charles Parkinson, Captain. ' ' That increased the speed! Among speakers at the meetings held in the various school houses "were D. M. Burnett, Judge U. A. Sontheimer, E. N. Richmond, Charles M. O'Brien, Channcey F. Tramutolo, Dr. P. H. Pat- terson, George N. Herbert, Arthur M. Free, A. G. DuBrutz, W. L. Atkinson, Elton R. Shaw, W. S. Clayton and City Manager Thomas H. Reed. Everybody was working and working hard. The office of Secretary was no sinecure. Dr. W. C. Bailey was a whole battery of big guns and Chair- man John Kuster a regular vitalizing current of energy. The "Shoe Leatlier Camjiaign'' opened at 1(1 n. ni. June 11 with ear-splitting whistle blasts, n clamor of auto horns and the clang of flre, church and school bells. San Jose was not to be a slacker city — not while this First Liberty Loan committee liail " slioe leatlier to burn" on the pavements! Just here the ' ' four minute men ' ' made their entrance in the campaign, speaking in the theatres. The men who won applause and bond subscriptions in four minutes were City Manager Thomas H. Reed, Councilman W. L. Atkinson and Deputy Dis- trict Attorney Freil L. Thomas. A unicpie break in the routine of Probate pro- ceeilings occured in Judge T. F. Gosbey 's court when he gave permission to trustees of various estates to use funds for the purchase of Liberty Bonds. Thousands of dollars otherwise unavail- able were loaned to Pncle Sam by this order which the Judge expressed himself as "glad to make. " ' By Wednesday, June 13, 1917, the Sau Josean who appeared without .a Liberty Loan button was not popular. Banks remained open in the evenings from 7 to .S for the benefit of subscribers. Upi to this time only 361 out of 1628 subscribers had bought bonds directly from the banks. Banks were subscribing heavily, the large percentage of the entire loan being taken by them. Many sig- nificant subscriptions were made. The scholarship fund at the High School purchased a $1(100 bond. The First Methodist Sunday school duplicated that purchase following an address by the pastor. Rev. William L. Stidger in which he said: "We are fighting today for the same thing that Jesus Christ fought for and at last died for — the conservation of human liberty and freedom. ' ' About this time John D. Kuster made another cryptic speech: "If we do not come across, Ger- many will!" The day that Kuster said that, little Chester Olson, 12 year old newsboy, read a flam- ing poster that said "Those that stay at home must feed the boys at the front." Chester was ]iatrioti( — and he liad $10 in the bank. He "beat it home" to ask father and mother something. They consented. Proudly Chester went to the First National Bank ami negotiated for the pur- cliase of a $50 bond — $10 down and $2.50 a month. He had made $1.4:i in three days. Business was good — and Uncle Sam needed the money. The boy's heart was made of good American material. Later Chester's older brother donned a uniform and tlie little nevvsie was gladder than ever to be ■•I l)(ind owner. Tlie First Liberty Loan drive neared a close. The amount of tlie quota was almost subscribed. The banks would be closed at 11 a. m. June 15. John D. Kuster, chairman. Dr. W. C. Bailey, sec- retary and every committeeman united in a mighty effort to "boost" San Jose "over tlie top." A constant stream of liond buyers congested all the banks in tlie last hour with subscriptions totaling $161,00(1. Frances Craig of the "Come Out of the Kitclien" (Company telegraphed a $500 subscrip- tifiii. Then (■••inie eleven o'clock! At lieadquarters tired liusiiK-sS men shook hands and said to each otli(>r "we are over the top!" The biggest thing that the city and county had ever been called upon to do was done creditably. Without exper- ience, witli no |iarticular organization, by the strength of ])atriotic citizenship and unselfish effort, Joliii D. Kuster. chairman, Dr. W. C. Bailey, secretary, tlie tireless committee and each man, woman and child who responded to the country's call had hel]ied record an accomplishment that is poinfed to with jiride. It was done without the aiil of any paiticular spontaneity. There was no grc.-if intensity of war s|iirit but |uiblic spirited citizriis " |>ut it o\i'r'' with a liiial llourish of ipversub.scripf inn. For San .lose tlie iiiiinbei' of subscribers was 4774. For the ,-ouiity 222,S making a total of 7002. The amount of the loan subscribed by San .Jose was $1,611, :')00 averaging per capita, $337. For the I'ounty the subscription was $707,050 per capita aveiiig<> $:il7. The tofa! bond subscription for city ;iiid county was $2, .'US, 350 wiith a per capita average of $.!:n. and only six and one half per cent of file entire ]iopulation subscribing. The shoulders tluit I'licle Sam touched had been put to the wIhtI! Santa (Hara county and San Jose "took the loan." liivalualde .'lid was given during this and the Seidiid Liheity Loan Drive by Fred Lewis Foster able secretary of flu' ('liaiiiber of Commerce. He \\';is comliination patriotic assistant secretary, counselor, solicitor and publicity man, working i|uiefly but efficiently doing a tremendous service. On June 2(1, 1017, after the "smoke of battle" had cleared away. Dr. W. C. Bailey, President of the Chanilier of Commerce and also Secretary of the Liberty Loan Committee, issued the following letter of sincere ajqireciation addressing it to "The Citizens: " "Now tli:it the lirst installment of the Lib- WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY ert.y Loan has jiassed into liistory, " wrote Dr. Bailey, "as Secretary of tlie Lilicrty Loan Com- mittee, and in behalf of the ronunittee, I wisli to congratulate you upon tlie wonderful success of the issue and to rejoice with you in this great exhibition of solid linancial assistance to the gov- ernment in time of need. We simply could not ■ fail. Returns are sufHcient to show that this loan knew no territorial divisions, no financial cliijues, no racial factions, but tliat it was a grand out- pouring of the gold of the whole country by the rich and poor for united American democracy. We are proud of our local piarticipation ;nid we take this opportunity to congratulate all those who helped in any way to make this first install- ment of the Liberty Loan so splendiiUy successful. W. C. BAILEY, Secretary Liberty Loan Oommittee. COUNCIL OF DEFENSE Council of J)cfensi> always sounded formid- able. It made you think of a beleaguered castle with foemen at t!ie drawbridge. It conjured up a picture of invaded homes and Israel Putnams leaving horses hitched to various and several plows while the jdowmen hurried forthwith to grab their guns. Our local Putnams did. At least, under the guardianship of the council, they formed a home guard and petitioneil an obdurate state government to send along the guns. The hearts of the home guardsmen were in the right place; but it developed that the Hunuish hordes were not to be driven from the Alviso seaboard. Our honu» defense organized itself along other lines. Senator Frank H. Benson is the man who introduced the original state council of defense emergency measure reipiested by Governor William D. Stephens, to the senate. This was done on March 28, 1917, the measure passing without a dissenting vote. This proposed state council of defense, to be com]>osed of 3 members a]i|iointed by the governor, was to be empowered to investi- gate and report on all of California's resources and military needs. Local members of the council appointed by the governor were Judge P. F. Gosbey, chairman; Henry M. Ayer, chairman board of supervisors; Arthur B. Langford, sheriff; Arthur M. Free, dis- trict attorney. Later Derol J. Chace was made secretary, and George E. Hamilton of Santa Clara and H. L. Haehl of Palo Alto were aildcd to the council 's membershi]). Derol Chase made an unselfishly patriotic secretary, giving not only his entire time, but the use of his automobile to the work of the council. Not every one was tpiite clear just what duties belonged to this body of men, for the reason that their work was of such a nature that mucdi of it was a secret shared only with their Unide Sam. The objects for which the nation-wide councils were formed was to safeguard the welfai-c id' the people during the war, to inci'ease food iiiddiiction and promote conservation. To co-operate in carry- on business and industrial pursuits in a manner as near normal as possible. To classify all unofficial military organizations and supervise their activ- ities. In short, this council was to co-orilinate jiatriotic effort. San Jose citizens at this time were in a state of apathy to the imminence of war and the newly formed council seemed something cpiite unneces- sary. No — waj- didn 't seem imminent. Of course we were ipiite interested in that army camp at Sixth and Santa Clara streets, where companies B and M and a sanitary onse to an ajipeal from Sacramento — sort of a "cry from Macedoniii" to "come over and liidji us!'' "It's a big job you are putting on me, ' ' was Pfister 's comment ' ' but I can do it and want to do it for the cause." June .5, 1917, by the President 's jjroclamation, was named Registration Day for all men befiween the ages of •2\ and :U. This was a matter of very great importance ami was responded to in a most patri- otic manner. Upon designation of the day, the Council of Defense launcheil a campaign of jmldicity. Letters were sent to all school heads and the children were told to carry the news home to "Daddy." Foreign speaking residents were reached through the officers of their societies and a speakers ' committee. Sheriff Langford assisted by Dan J. Flannery, "covered Chinatown." Finally a halt came. Postage stamps cost money. Down in their pockets went the members of the Council to the depth of $5 per member. That meant a treasurer. Derol Chace gained the treasureship liy a unanimous vote. That was all right with Derol. He was ready to do anytliing for Uncle Sam — even to the buying of stamps. Only — he was getting interested in another kind of "Defense." On May 31, 1917, he resigned from the Council and shouldered a real gun and marched away. I'ighting on the home lines couldn 't hold Derol — not with the greatest adventure in the world promising glory overseas and his flag call- ing for men. Not every man who longed to go accompanied him. Hearts young with piatriotism were disguised with thick coverings of years. John Brokenshire, rged .'"lit, anil his 6.5 year old "pal," Mr. Peasley, engineer at the Southern Pacific Roundhouse wanted to light for Old Glory. They went to San Francisco to enlist as stationary engineers. Each owned to liL'ing "45'' — but there was a very dis- agreeable young otficer who said "no." There was no use in argument and the "boys'' took the first tiain home. W. <;. Short of the firm of Slioit ami Ryan was appointed to fill the vacancy left by Derol Chace 's enlistment. The Council almost went down for the third time in tlie struggle over regis- tration and naming exemption boards — and war garden.s — and everything! Plans (dianged. It was decideil that Clerk Pfister should have charge of all registration outside of San Jose and City Man- ager Reed and City Clerk Louis Bailey all that within the city limits. San Jose was entitled to separate registratimi because of a population over :!0,000. The' Council wide-spread jiuhlicity campaign missed somebody. One morning a lean, lanky wooilsman wandered into the municijial employ- ment buri-au looking for a job. Before leaving town 111' connected with Uncle Sam's offer of .$.'!0 a inontli and board. This chapi said he hadn't heard a tiling about any registration. He had been chojiping wood in the mountains not more than MO miles from San Jose — but the news hadn 't reached his lonely cabin. One Jiatriotic endeavor for which great credit is due the council, was the launching and heljiing to bring to success the 1917 war garden camjiaign. The council 's efforts were successful in obtaining lowered water rates and free water for many vacant lot gardens in order to promote increased WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY food production. During tliis nioveniont, inucli of the large amount of labor and detail involved was taken up by various committees, auil, as Kipling is fond of saying, ' • tliat is another story. ' ' Meetings were held from time to time when- ever matters of grave importance had to lie dis- cussed as war activities increased, more members were added, until at the time of the November 16, 191S, meeting the personnel of the council was as follows: Mrs. J. P. Sliambeau, chairman of women's committee; Mrs. W. II. Shockley, chair- man of women's comnjittee food ccjuservation ; Mrs. John G. Jury, chairman largest group women's activities; George E. Hamilton, chairman commiti- tee commercial economy; Miss Stella Huntington, chairman collection books and |ieriodicals; H. M. Ayer, chairman fire protection; II. B. Martin, food administrator; H. W. McComas, four iiiinuti- men; Byron Millard, city fuel ailmiiiistrator; E. A. Wilcox, county fuel administrator; D. J. Flannery, genera! speakers bureau; ,1. M. Parker, liberty loans; Judge H. D. Tuttle, non-war constructiim ; E. N. Richmond, chairman Red Cross; Fred L. Fehren, Stanislaus plan; W. S. Clayton, chairman Hvar donations; Joseph E. Hancock, war gardens; Prof. H. B. Leland, chairman war history; Dr. James B. Bullitt, chairman war savings stamps; C. S. Allen, war service league, and Mrs. L. T. Smith, women's mobili/.<'il army. At this meeting, November l(i. UHS, reimrts of the chairmen of the various war acti\ities v.-ere either read or filed. If you think San Jose didn't accomplish any war work, after you finish this sketchy human interest story, just wade tlirone.n those reports! By this time the name of the council was changed to tlie Santa Clara County division of the State Council of Defense and almost immediately the council, as sucli, went out of existence, its war-reason for being having ended. At tlie last meeting held on January 4, 1919, Judge !'. F. Go; bey presiding, witli large generosity, ' ' all tlio duties heretofore delegated to this body in con- nection with all war work" were assi;ini'd and set over to the community council, its " administ'at- ors and assigns! ' ' (That wasn't quite tlie last tiling. Iji a .""it of postscript to the minutes is this notation: A motion was made and carried that ALL FUNDS remaining in the hands of the secretary of '.his organization be returned to the members pro rata from whom they had been received.) FIRST Y. M. C. A. DRIVE Wherever a "liuf' was emblazoned with the "Red Triangle,'' wherever the Young Men's Christian Association planted its standard, whedier in the mud back of the front line trenches, higli in the snow clad mountains, in navy cam]i or army cantonment in the homeland — men reail its mean ing clearly. It stood unchangeably for liuniau integrity; for the best and highest and ])uresl things in the lives of temptation-tried men. In America it approximated the "little house on the hill'' and the light in the window and tlie loved ones who kept that light glowing. Overseas it stood for everything — for home and love — and God! The insignia of tlie Red Triangle on the khaki coat sleeve of the ''Y" volunteer, unarmed except for his "sword of the spirit" yvas the sign and seal of knighthood, the emblem of liroad humanity and a close bond of brotherhood. The ' • Y " was ' ' there ' ' with chocolate and comfort and care. It wrote letters home and held hands growing cold in the liour of final sacrifice. It kindled cheer in lonely liearts — and lighted cigarettes. It clidn't go about witli a Bible in oue hand and a gun in the other. Its hands were ready for service — a whatsoever service that reached from the common things of every-day to the last earthly need. It was a messenger, a "runner'' from enlistment bureau to front liii" trench, led by homely duty and upheld by the strength of a righteous purpose. It was the men's service for men — and the story of its war-t'iii'^ endeavor, even its local endeavor, will never ade- quately be told. On May 5, 1917, the Young Men's Christian Association started work on a national campaign for $3,000,000 for war Vvork. Of this amount Santa Clara county's i|iiota was .$5000. This fund, to be used for work anioiig the soldiers and sailors of the United States army, was raised at the request of Uncle Sam. The reipiest included a call for KilKl of the association's best trained secretaries to work witli the soldiers. For this drive, California w;is divided into nine sections with nin(> executive secretaries in full charge of the financial features. The Santa Clara county division with San Jose as head- quarters, included Santa Clara, Monterey, Santa Cruz and San Bi'iiito counties. R. H. Gossom, a well known "Y" worker, had complete charge of the district and John R. Mott, general secretary, was at the head of the national camjiaign. The San Jose campaign received the hearty endorsement of the local "Y" directors on May 9, 1917, at which time R. H. Gossom was present at the meeting. Hiram A. Blanchard, president of the San .lose association, was delegateil to select a district commititee to o|ierate the "drive,'' with the able assistance of John I). Cruniiney, vice president, and George C. Wilson, secretary. At a dinner on May 11, State Senator Herbert C. Jones "boosted" tthe local campaign with a full exjilanation of the associa- tion's objective. It was stated that the plan of mobolizing 1000 secretaries included extra ccpiip- ment, educational and for amusements, for the benefit of the soldiers at every army post. This e(|uipment was to include 200 pianos, 200 build- ings, 200 moving picture machines, 200 phono- graphs, 40,000 pounds of ice per day, 1000 pens and barrels of ink for the "home letters." There were to be addeil 9.5 trucks and tons and tons of reading matter. Plans were coiiqdeted and at a ''Y" dinner WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY on May -2, Senator Herbert G. Jones presiding, two ' ' Generals ' ' were chosen to lieail friendly opposing teams in the campaign for tlie $5000. These generals were District Attorney Arthur M. Free and Senator Frank II. Benson, who was also gi neral chairman. At Grace Baptist church on Sunday, May 20, Fr.ank D. Keene, who had left the College of the I'.'ii'Uic to join the colors under the standard of the machines, and Hector Sawyer, local high school boy, also a ''soldier of the sea," told an interested congregation of what the ''Y" meant to the enlisted men. These San Jose boys were liome on their first shore leave and glaiUy enlisteil tlieir time in the cause of the "Y."' On the evening of May 22, the generals, cap- tains and enthusiastic workers gathered for din- ner at the Y'. M. C. A. and the following morning. May "M, the campaign for "$.5000 in two days" l)egan with a rush. Tlie two teams, headed respec- tively by District Attorney Arthur M. Free and Senator Frank H. Benson, had ten sub-teams, each with a captain and two workers. Others were to be added as needed. The captains of the Free team were: E. N. Richmond, Judge F. B. Brown, A. S. Bacon, Rev. J. A. Sutherland, L. D. Bohnctt, J. D. t'rider, C. E. Kelsey, Prof. (J. M. Osenbaugh and W. G. Rambo. Benson's team was captaineil as follows: E. R. Wagner, D. .J. Denhart, H. M. Barngrover, L. P. EiSvvards, Rev. George I. Long, J. D. Grummey, W. L. Atkinson, H. A. Blanchard, A. G. Wilkins and C. F. Crothers. With that "officering" and the personnel of live .San Joseans who lent their time and energy to the drive one understands how we ''went over the top" in tliis first war work campaign for funils in two days! The tirst morning $1683.50 was subscribed. That same day the local workers felt the personal touch of Uncle Sam's call for ''Y" secretaries. District Secretary George II. Gossoni received a message tliat he liad been selected and that he must hold himself in readi- ness for service in France. That message was an incentive to endeabor. Men were neeiled and men were being called to minister to the physical and spiritual needs of "our boys.'' From store to store, up and down the city streets, went these pionec-r " Y ' ' solicitors — and never were they turned away. The "Y" had proven its usefulness and now when it asked for helji in so worthy a cause there was no one to say ''no.'' The dollars rolled into headciuarters in a stcaaper war we are facing. ' ' He faced one right then! A perfect volley of serj)intiue was thrown all over the place. Players, audience and Free 's patriotism were inextricably mixed in the memorable "battle!" That Elks' donation was the real beginning of the San Jose Red Cross chapter's bank account. After that, telegraphic items and editorials regarding the work and requests for funds and memberships started a campaign of publicitiy. Chapters were already carrying out unselfish programs of service, but no concerted effort had been made. On May 1 a local newspaper headed an enlightening editorial with the pertinent question, "Have You Joined the Re desire to hidp. Reports from day to day contained patheti- cally ap]iealing incidents. One little American mother gave 40 cents — all she had to give — but gave it gladly. She explained that there was 10 cents for each of her four boys. Frank Sabatelli's gift for the cause of human- ity should ncd be forgotten. A Red Cross worker approached Sabatelli. When he learned the nature of the request the Italian's face lighted with a, smile. Yes — he would give, gladly. His subscrip- tion was $100! Investigation revealed that he Iwas only earning $1! a day at common labor. His gift was taken from hard earned savings. Born in (Jreuiono, Italy, he had been a soldier in "the old country" and explained that he knew what the "Red Cross means to a soldier." He was attending night school in order to get an education. With fine simplicity this patriot 11 "WAR HISTORY OP SANTA CLARA COUNTY saiil "I will always be gaUl to give vvliat I can!" As the elose of the drive approacheil, rivalry was keen among the "teams." Charles M. O'Brien was usnally in the lead but for some days he was troubled liy talk of a ' ' dark horse ' ' which was finally found to be Dave Burnett. The largest single contribution of the drive is credited to Bur- nett's team — .$'2500 given by the E. McLaughlin estate. Over 400 solicitors were "combing" city and county for subscri|dioiis and meeting with a sidendid response. ' fi'JB' Restrictions as to boundaries and lists were removed. Arthur Free linally announced that ' ' anybody was everybody 's prey. ' ' It was every one's humanitiarian canij>aign and speeding to a whirlwind finish. The Lyric Theater found a. uiii(|ne way to hidp. Tlie boy or girl bringing a bundle of waste paper weighing 10 pounds or more was admitted to the "movie" free! Never in the history of the little playhouse had there been such crowds of children! They followed the lure of the free admittance as the children hnig ago followed the Piper of Hamelin Town! That brings back Dan Fhumcry 's part in the Red Ijross drive. It had occurred to some thrifty soul that the waste paper in the county could be turned into money for the cause. Dan Flannery was put in charge of the campaign to conserve "what had been before sheer waste. Dan never does things by halves. He canvassed the entire county. He sent appealing circulars to every school. Sheriff Arthur B. Langford volunteered storage space in the gar- age at the County Jail. Up and down the city streets and county byways went Flannery on his (|uest for waste paper. He had an able first lieutenant in C. E. Stan- ton, who donated himself and his auto truck in the name of patriotism. The City Truck and Trans fer company enlisted a truck and Granger and De Hart lent helping hands — several helping hands and lots of ' ' horse power ' ' in the form of machines. Then it began to arrive. Trucks rolled up from Gilroy and deposited their burden at the county jail. Drays and auto loads came down the perinsula. Schools accumulated tons and ton> and tons — and delivereil it! No one had dreamed that there was so much paper in the world! Tliey crammed it into the garage until the roof threat- ened to come off. Then they piled it on the roof and around the building. It overflowed into the driveway and interfered with things. There was no loom except under the California stars for the Slieriff 's automobiles. Quite emphatically he called on Dan Flannery to get wdth his waste paper — (somewhere) "out of this!'' This waste paper campaign was a huge success — in tons and in money. It was a cumber- some proposition, handled with credit by the ener- getic Dan Flannery, and became a valuable asset in the final computation of funds. This was really 12 the beginning of "salvage" in war work history." The sensation of tlie meeting for reT)orts on June 20 came when the Women's Team under Mrs. Lillian Ainold turned in over $2000 — a,nd that was only a beginning. It was "hard earned" money, too, for the men had "thoughtfully" given the women the house-to-house canvassing to do. If you 've ever tried that, even in your oldest pair of shoes and with your fever of patriotism at white heat — well, you can appreciate what that team was up against. They worked! They entreated and cajoled. They walked and worried — and won! Their val- iant effort was a real new-era wonder to the big men of affairs. No Susan B. Anthony amendnient had jiassed the Senate at that time and we were not under a W. G. T. U. form of government, 'ilie men hadn't realized what mere women could do! On June 22, 1917, at the Victory theater, there was held the most impressive mass meeting in the history of San Jose. From orchestra pit to the highest seat in the gallery the theater was tracked with solemn, awe-inspired men and women who were feeling their first keen sense of war 's actu- alities. Lieutenant Goldsworthy, accompanied by his mother and sister were seated on the jdatform and it was this wounded soldier's story that thrilled the great audience to almost sickening realization of "our boys' " possible suffering and the responsibility for their care resting upon us. "Men are being killed — murdered, over there,'' said Goldsworthy, ' ' but the war is being fought right here." His graphic appeal was answered that night by hundreds of dollars that were gladly given to care for "our boys." The Chinese were willing contributors. In fact there was no line of color, creed, caste or nationality. We were all Americans under the banner of the Red Cross — the mercy emblem of the world. During the drive in Chinatown, little 12-year-oId Annie Lee, a Chinese girl, acted as the committee's amanuensis. Lee John and Mr. Wing were escorts and able interpreters. More and more boys were leaving for service. Each leave-taking awakened more hearts to the necessity of providing for our own. E. A. Portel, son of Mr. and Mrs. S. E. Portel, left June 25 to take a position with the United States govern- ment as expert radio operator. On the night of June 27 San Joseans were astonished to see that the lights in the cross on the tower of the First Methodist church had turned from white to red! Rev. William L. Stid- ger, the jjastor, gave the following explanation: "I consider that lighted cross turning its face north, east, south and west, as the symbol not only of that Christ who died for liberty and freedom, but I also feel that it symbolizes in an especial way the light that the whole Red Cross movement is spreading in the dark places of the world in these cruel war times." Paul D. Cambino, whose services for the changing of these lights were lent by the Blake WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY EliH-trical company, did his "bit" in this nniqvip transformation. Cambiona liad never elinibcd a tower. The wind was blowing, too, bnt he ' ' swal- lowed his fear, "climbed to the top and changed 24 white lights to 24 red ones — for the Red Gross, that its glowing emblem might be set as a sign against the sky! Mrs. W. B. Irish personally arranged a gigan- tic benefit which was staged at the Victory theater and in which all prominent San Joseans with a talent for entertaining were jn-ogramed. Fred L. Thomas and M. .1. Grittith never lind n thing in the world to do when they were iieeiled for Red Cross speaking. Not only through this campaign, but the entire war work list of benefits they told the needs of ' ' the boys ' ' with eloquence that loosened tightly held dollars — even if they were fastened like a'balones to a rock! One amusing incident will be recalled by those who attended the lunches every day in the rooms now occupied by the Rotary club at the Montgomery hotel. One day Alex Murgotten waiteci for his lunch. The others were sorveii. Getting the attention of a hurrying waitress he entered a jirotest. ' ' Why don 't I get my lunch ? ' ' She answered with some asperity. ' ' You didn 't have your set in!" That became a bywor said. "1 am 7S years old and 1 wanted to help but I li;iven't much money. My Uitidien needcil painting. 1 fouml out that tlie work would cost me ^-'. I am iloing it myself so that I can give the nidiiev to the Rerophetic of oversubscription. Monday afternoon and evening Manager Clover of the T. & D. gave the entire jiroceeds of the theater to the Red Gross. W. E. Johnson and the Argall brothers sang; Hilliert Kitching pre- sented an attractive program of ilanees; an or- chestra com])osed of nu^mliers of local union No. 15.S, un men who could not go .'(cross had "jiut it across." They did it witli trenieiidous sacrifice or personal interests. No mere outline can tidl the real inside story of effort and aciiimplislimenf, of untiring zeal and the great weariness that accompanied the joy of achievement. Tliere had been no division of days into hours. Pre(|uently tlie next day's campaign was being ]daiiiied :if '■'> o'l'lork in the morning. The d;iy with tlie smallest subscript ion tofale.l .'fll,(;2(l.l."i; fli.' largest. $2.1,(l7!l.72. Charles M. O'Brien's te.-ini led tliein all, with ,'i siilisciip- tion list amounting to $ir),22il.(il. One of the heaviest burdens of tlie i:iiii|i.'iign. the duties of which did not close witli tlie sub- scrijition lists, fidl upon l.unis Sinionsen, ex[iert accountant and umlersherifT. who acted as treas- urer and casliier. This pafriotii' citizen devoted all his time to tlie work which necessifateil not only caring for .'icconiifs, but keeping a set of books for the tabulaf ion of all installments for the next four months. Receijits even had to be made in triplicate — one for the subscriber, one to remain with the records ami one t" be forwarded to Washington. Treasurer Simntisen :iiid his c(ii|is of assistants com'ertetl the siieril'f's ollice info li\e iled Ci'oss headquarters! Kleaiinr liniwii. Dicey Baugh, JIarguerite Vella ami Mrs. .1. !•'. Charles won the sincere gratitmle of the treasurer and the entire committee for their helpful volunteer service in this busy Red Cross business office. After the last siibsiiipf ion was listed Chair- man Samuel G. Tomjikiiis sent out a letter of appreciation, which said in pact: "Pet it nevin- be said that the jieoph^ are unresponsive to the 13 WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY call of patriotism or of liumanity or of fluty. Esppfiiil prnisc is due to the uiaiiy men and wouioii who laid aside their prrsonal affairs and devoted tlieir time to this patriotic service. * * * * Hats off to Santa Clara county ami its splendid manhood and womanhood!'' Particular mention was maile by Arthur M. Free, the indefatigable campaign manager; the assistance generously given by Nellie Farliepp, stenographer in the district attorney's office; Bell Gallagher, county official stenographer, and Airs. Floy Johnson, clerk in the district attorney' 's office. In Free 's statement following the close of the drive, lie said: "The Ked Cross campaign has opened to stay open. Already troops are within ear-shot of the guns at tlie front. It is only the matter of a few days or weeks before they will be facing the enemy's fire. We cannot let them lie where they fall to die without giving them aid. ' ' He called special attention to the splendion liini ami never for a day did his zeal lessen or the emblazoned banner of his patriotism fail to lead the host of men and women who followed liim from the home trenches ' ' over the top ' ' for the Red Cross. The first contingent of our boys reached American lake on Sejitemlier 17, 1917. They arrived in a sea of mud, but sang lilithely as they waded, "Hail, Hail, tlie Gang's All Here!" About that time Lloyd Mc Reynolds with the "first 500,000,'' wrote from an English camp. Tlien we forgot all our little civic torments in the Book Drive started by tlie War Service committee of the American Library association. Not with "howitzers and shrapnel" was the tedium and loneliness of camp life to be destroyed; but with "books, magazines and newspapers.'' The call came for $1,000,000 for reading matter, the big- gest move of the kind ever contemplated. At five cents jier capita, San Jose 's fjuota was $1750. Mrs. John E. Richards, ]u-esident of the board of library trustees, ]u-esided at a pre- liminary meeting held at the city library to arrange the campaign. Senator [-"rank II. Benson drew the secretaryship!. Charles F. Woods, recently ap- pointed librarian, explained the jnirposes of the drive. Among interested book lovers who dis- cussed the matter were Mrs. Richards, Charles F. Woods, County Superintendent of Schools D. T. Bateman, Miss Clara Smith of the state normal school, E. A. Wilcox, Mrs. E. A. Wilcox, Mrs. Thomas II. Reed, City Superintendent of Schools Alex R. Sheriffs, Rev. J. J. Evans, pastor of the Christian church and ju'esident of the Pastors' union; Father Blackmore of St. Joseph's church; Mrs. Frank E. Fowler, T. A. Sloan and Grant E. Bennett, library trustee, and George C. Wilson, Y. M. C. A. secretary. The active campaign commenced September •24, 1917, with Librarian Woods in charge. More home boys said good-bye. That reminded us that they would need books. Louis F. Col, son of Peter E. Col of Walsh-Col Wholesale Co., and Bayard Bowden, started on their great adventure in pat- riotism. J. R. Pennington of the Bean Spray com- pany received a cablegram that his son, Richard I. I'ennington, was safe with the aviation corjis "somewliere in France." Cables began to be more fre(|uent. Lilirariaii Woods, ably assisted by Miss Stella- Huntington, county librarian, explained that the liooks were to equip a complete library system in each of the ;'.L! national training camps. These camps had water, sewage, adequate housing — everything but books! That was our job. Over 200 piosters in reil, White and blue pla- cardi'd tlie town. Each donation of .$1.00 or more entitled tlii' giver to an engraved name plate in one of the books purchased. "Send your name to the front if yon can't go" was a drive slogan. Librarian Woods was a busy man. He addressed women's clubs, i'i\ic and educational bodies. Cath- olic orgaiiizatioiiK, members of the Bar association and the normal scdiool student body. We were jiroiid to hear liiin say that the American army "is tile most literate army in the world. It de- manded a high class of books from the classics to good cletective stories." Side by side were the brick layer and the banker, the hod-carriier and the professor of jisychology. There must be liooks for everybody — books that would follow the boys when they fidlowed the flag to France. We were iuteri'sted! The chamber of com- merce anil the Rotary club had a conference. A. conference like that meant real money. Day by day the amount increased. Then came Saturday, Sejitember '27, 1917, — the last day of the week's dri\e. Many of us remember the little tags to which we were fastened by the mere loosening up of our sm;ill ih.iJige. It was a great "Tag Day." A bevy of San Jose's pretty girls under the direc- tion of a committee headed by Mrs. A. A. Fowler, played "tag" all day. If you gave a dollar for a book or merely for a smile, you were "it!" The members of this committee wi^re Mrs. A. A. Fowler, Mrs. .1. E. Richar.ls, Mrs. Chas. F. Woods, ilrs. (;. W. Ilommeilieii and Mrs. Nina Moon. Tag Day brought $.'!00 and the end of tlie drive for funds. Librarians Wooils ami Huntington, with the assistance of the interested committees and \ idunteer workers had "put it across." After that we had two "drives" for books — all kinds of 1 ks! Tlie boys clamored for them! The motion made by the soldiers was heartily sec- oiideil by ('ommanders Pershing ami Sims. The cry for something to read came from laml ami sea — and we heard it. U WAR HISTORY OP SANTA CLARA COUNTY In August, 1918, l)Ook lovers begau to have troubled eonscienees. Day after day they lieard the call for books. Contributions were being reeeiveil at the eity ami county library. It was a time of soul-searching and shelf-prowling. "Which shall it be? I looked at John and John lookcil at me, ' ' was applicable. Many took this for a time of clearing the attic and the top shelves of printed prehistoric accunnilations. It was a case of "between love and duty" with the liook lover. That copy of Tennyson? O — she couldn't! He gave it to her when they were first engaged! This thumb-marked "Heroes and Hero Worship?" Great Scott — no! Not that! He bought it when his little tin gods were all bright and dollars hard-earned and few! It brought back — no! Not that book! But they did give. They sacri- ficed. They gave beautiful books in wonderful bindings. One school teacher lironght to head- quarters an armful of good books, well bound. "I have had them a long time, ' ' she said, ' ' and I love every one; but I want them to help a sol- dier. ' ' One sail little ancient lady in a worn Idac-k silk gown brouglit a Bible. It was a gold edged, "fine-print," very fat old-fashioned Bible, and it was her only book. Don 't you suppose its mes- sage went right to a soldier boy's heart with mem- ories of an almost forgotten grandmother? "Stepping Heavenwaril" in bine and gcd.l was a notable contribution. Tliat must have com- forted a red-blooded fighting man who was step- ping heavenward in khaki with every liurst of a shell! There were handbooks on Eti(|uette; Hints to Young Mothers; an old Directcry; and a Na- tional Cloak and Suit Catalogue two years old. Wasn't that adding insult to injury whi'u the sol dier couldn't order his clothes by mail? There was a copy of Baedeker's (iernian Ouide! Th.at seemed funny until we learneil that Uncle .Sam had askeil for it. He wanted to reiog nize all the sign posts on the road to Berlin. Among the presentations were pertectly sweet thin little daintily bound gift books of the days of 184(1. "From Frieiul to Friend," and "Love's Emblem'' (with a full blown rose in the corner) might lielii with a ((uotatioii when a fello'vv wrote home to "lier" but they wonhl fail dismally to fill the neeil of a hauntdl hour after a week in the trenches. With a fine appreciation of the fitness of things there were E. P. Roe's "The Earth Tremb- le. 1." and Eggleston's " Tlie End of the World." Some realist diil that. "On the Way There" and "Try Again," were misdirected. They probably referred to the Paris drive and were inteinled for "Bill, Berlin." "Alice in Wonderland," was among those present and the "Five Little Peppers" came to add a dash of spice to the already rather full- flavored soldier 's experience. This spirit of seem- ing levity isn't "making fun." There were many kindly donors who just heajied together every book they had for "our boys'' and in the \"arioius lots there were liouml to be some offerings not suitable. Many, many wonilcrful books were given. Whole sets of O. Henry and I'.rete Harte. There were Zane Gray and Re.x Beach and Jack London. There were duplicates of Sherlock Holmes and Anna Catherine (ireen and their detective con- temporaries. The Rotary Club gave 7.5 splendiil books that havi' iloubtless made 75 times 7.5 dough boys ha(>py. There w-as everything in fiction from Bertha M. (jlay to William Dean Howells — and that's some distance! Tlieie were all the poets from the early Victorian to Virile, two-fisted Kipling anil Service. There was history, biograjdiy, all the sciences — and heajis of Bibles! San Jose gave and gave and gave until asked to stop! Nearly all our liooks went to Camp Fremont. They were all tiaiis]iiirteil by Sheriff Arthur Lang- ford who turned his automobile into a truck and made many trijis with loads of books for "the boys. ' ' In every book was ])asti'd a slip that lead: "Soldiers' Library, (iiven by the citizens of Santa Clara County, California." These slijis were all jiasted and much of the tremendous task of assorting aiid listing the hooks was done at the (!onnty Library by E. B. Hunting- ton, father of Miss Stella Huntington, the County Librarian. Others who gave generously of their time to this w^ork at the County Iieadquarters were Mrs. O. M. Regnart, Elizabeth Stevens, Miss E. A. Beattie, Isabel Moore, Mrs. M. D. Simons and Stella Huntington. At the City Library the Book drives increased every day's duties. This extra labor was patrioti- cally shouldered by Librarian ('harles F. Woods, ."Vila Holland, l\y Larnnnir, (irace Cox, Roslvn Boring, Clara Bassett, Velrna Kastin ami (.'larissc Friant. San Jose iirmed tn-o things by its res[ionsi' to these appeals, its love for "the boys" and its love for books! WAR GARDENS Early in tlie sjoing of 1III7 Herbert Hoo\-<-r began to be very Iloo\-crisli. Hi' jiicked out "con- servation" from all the words in the dictionary and made it a slogan, lie sent two nu\ssages from Belgium, where he headed the relief commission. One was that word " cimservatinu. " The other told that he was coming to take control of the food ]niiblem. A call for increased food produc- tion Hashed across the i-ouiitry. That brouglit about the war garden ram]i,-iign of 1917. Back yards, vnc.-nit lots, every acre of idle land must do its bit. Never before had any commnniitv ex- perienced such a zestful, hidpful, jiatriotic wave of "getting down and digging" as went over us then. We turni'd the old song about. We "hung up the fiddle and the bow" and "took dot™ the shovel and the hoe! ' ' On May tlie first, 1917, San .lose high school students heard the war ganlen program outlined 15 WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY liy I>i'f)f. B. H. (irocheron of the deparlment of jiuricultiiir of the University of California. He liel.l till- (iflicial appointment made by Dean Hunt of (lie Cnlh'tre of Agriculture to enlist the help of all lioys too young to enlist for other service. At th<' time of his visit to San Jose, which was the lirst oni' mnile in the state, he found that the high school agricultural department had 11-1 pupils interested in practical crop production. These stuilent-farmers constituted an Agricultural club, under the direction of Prof. J. R. Case, Jr. This first ineetiug resulted in the enlistment of .■i.50 high s( hool boys who pledged themselves to crop ])r(iilu<-tion and to assist with the year's harvest. Food production jdans occupied the earnest attention of the council of defense. A citizen's committee under the leadership of E. E. Chase became interested. The Rotary cluti stood solidly behind the campaign. By May 2, 1917, plans were well under way to supervise intensive gardening. The entire committee, chosen from all organiza- tions interested numbered nine: George N. Her- bert, chairman; S. E. JoTinson, Alexander Sheriffs, J. .1. McDonald, Arthur Cann, W. L. Atkinson, Elton R. Shaw, E. E. Chase and Charles M. O'Brien. Members of this able committee did not constitute the entire body of enthusiasts. Every man, woman and child who owned or could borrow a bit of land made up a committee ''of tlie whole.'' Campiglia advised the Rotarians of the camjiaign progress in other sections — and San Jose just rolled up its sleeves and went to farming. The response to the appeal for vacant lots was an avalanche! All schools received visits from the committee. By May ."5 the Horace Mann children had taken ;'.() lots, each having more than 4000 si|U,-irc feet. The (iinnt and Longfellow children planned In cultivate their own back yards. Schocd heads agrecil to farm lots themselves or in co- ojieratid]! with the children. Rotarians grabbed a jiiece of I;ind some distance from town and planted fill acres of i-diii. They offered special inducements to scliiiol children in the form of prizes. For the best ganlen, $."). Then four [ii-izes of $1 each — altogether about $72 to lie competed for. The one sjiecilied thing was that 4000 sipiare feet must be planted. Arthur Cann offered a jirize of $10 for the best garden. For the second prize, $6 and $4 for the third. Then work began in earnest. Weeds and dry grass trembled aail tin cans knew their hour of doom ii:id come. First of .all, the vacant lots must be well "soaked" or the ground would be lumpy at the ]dowiiig. This watering was under- taken by the Rotarians. The councdl of defense and other interested organizations found the San Jose "Water company eager to help by reducing rates fcir home gardens and donating Vvater for vacant lots. The San Jose fire department, under Chief Rdward Haley and Assistant Chief Herman Hobson \ idiniteeriMl to do the flooding of the lots. The street dep.-irtment, roud Rotarians stood on the corner of San Pedro street and Hawthorne way to watch the Bean Spray company's tractor break ground for war gardens. In the first four days of the cam- paign 40 lots were watered and 32 ploweil. Ernest L. Conant suggested what was best to pl.-mt ami high school boys from the agricultural club whizzeil busily around on motorsycles to supervise the planting. We learned to look a seed potato straight in the eye and formed the intimate acquaintance with hitherto unheard of varieties of beans. Children's conversation became a mixture of potato and bean-planting lore. We remenibcreil that William Jennings Bryan said during his Chautaucpia lecture in San Jose about this food production campaign: "The value of this food will be sMKill compared to the value to the girls anil boys themselves." We were all digging to U'arn thrift. About 2iM) lots were cultivated approximating 'M) acres, beside all the acres back yards that hail suffered a change of heart! The pupils of one school gardened plots only S.xlO and grew wonder- ful lettuce and radishes. One small boy found no other "land available, so he pre-empted part or the driveway and dug it up for his garden. It stayed dug up and it was a good garden. Some one remembered to go over on ShernKin street and take a look at A. P. Hill's back yaril. One visit became the incentive for greater garden effort. On two lots Mr. Hill had (always does have) a wonderful garden. Beside the lettuce and Swiss chard, jieas, beans, carrots and onions, there were IS fruit trees, 200 feet of berry vines and a hedge of bamboo that supplied the trellis for the Flaming Tokay grajies. When asked the secret of his back-yard-garden success, Mr. Hill said: "Nothing is wasted here — not even space!" His accomplishment was an example of successful intensive gardening that spurred many of the war gardeners to emulative efforts. Not every back yard or corner lot scoreii a success. Vacation came and with hundreds of young San Joseans working "in the fruit" and helping with other harvests some of the well started gardens were unattended. But taken as a whole, the War Garden camjiaign was a wonderful suc- cess. School heads reported that much of the money otjf:niied from the sale of vegetables was invested in war savings stamps by the children. Home consumers jiaid for the products at regular nuarket prices and accurate accounts were kept. Then after the harvest came the awarding of prize; This hadn't been easv work for little hands to do. Even grownup arms and backs h.-ol ached from the hard and frequently unaccustomed work, but no one complaiued. Ciardens had Iieen well tended — unless it was the night when ilary Pickford came to ti/vvn. No one remembered a garden then! The winners of the first and second prizes offered by the Rotai-y club in the schools were: Gardner school — Herbert Ileyer, Jack Hewett. Lowell school — Willie Jury, Harris Willson. Washington school — Frank Guerra, Emilo Gag- liaido. Hawthorne school — Mario and Frank Duino, first; George Straight, second. (Jr;int school — Louis iVruone, first; Denward and Fred Davis, second. Horace Mann school — Albert Haehnlen and (ieorge Bliss, first; Vivian Thornton, Thelma Lanz. Alves Davis, Ruby Withers, Thelma McGary and Carol Ann's, second. Longfellow school — Byron and Thelma Hunt, first; Walter Dooley, Emile Ricca and (!ecil Morehead, second. Lincoln school — Ray Nicholas, Jack Gilleran. Awards were all made by Assistant Horticultural ('ommissioner Ernest L. Conant. No story of this 1917 garden activity would lie complete without special mention of Rev. .1. H. 17 WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY Wvtlic, wlio, diirint,' tlii' outiro perioil was deoiily interested in tlie nio\onu'iit and wlio aided its suc- cess in every way, not imly because of liis govern- ment appointment on tliis commission but l>ecaus(' of liis love of gardens. During lOlS Prof. Josepli E. Hancoclv was given tlie cliairmanslii|i of war garden activities by 0. C. Moore, cliairman of tlie state council of defense. I'rof. Hancock had an e.-ctensive cani]iaign jilanned when the armistice removed the jjressing necessity for increased fooil production. It was a great i-anipaign! It was everybody's campaign — and everylxidy workeil! Wliat a joy it was to know that while we made wihlernesses of liack yards and vacant corner lots " Idossoni like the rose" we were hel]nng to feeil the men who hehl the line in the smoke and battle over- seas. It was gruljbing — not glory — but patriotism grew in every garden. SECOND LOAN CAMPAIGN By September, 11117. tlie aitualities of war ha.l put a feeling of restrii'tion ar, Lientenant .1. .\. I'rozin .and Ser geant A. D. MacKenzie of the Canadian contingent known as "Toban's Tigers,'' came to tell us of the horrors and atrocities o\erseas. Xone who saw and heard him will ever forget MacKenzie, who had suffered almost complete loss of his sight, but whose heart still beat true for thi' cause of liberty and justice. We were slow to believe stories of atrocities — until witiiess(>s like Sergeant IMacKenzie came — str:iiglit from the giime and smoke and hcirror of tlit^ front. These British recruiting officers gave a demon- stration of the gas mask and the use of the tri- angle bandage at .lay McCalie's. By every pos- sible method they appealed to lis to help save thr children— and we heard .and understood. Then came the call lor the se<-oiid liberty loan. Wednesday, Septcaiiber 11(1, I'.M", San .lose bade goodbye to Coiniianies B ami M, Californi.a vol- unteers, trained at Fort Mason, who passed through on their Uay to "somewhere in France." That same day .1. D. Kiister, W. S. (Haytoii, V. ,1. La- Motte, Victor Palmer and Dr. W. (!. Bailey went to San Francisco to consult with the general exec- utive committee. Friday the local meeting was held to arrange for the opening of the loan cam- paign October 1. The committee personnel remained the same as in the first hiaii, .Tohn B. Kuster, chairman, and l>r. W. ( '. Bailey secretary. At this time ['resident Wilson, in his farewell to Henry Fraiik-Boullon, a member of the French cabinet, who was in Washington on official busi- ness, si)oke the words that became the ke.ynote of second liberty loan endeavor. "To the last man, to the last dollar, the whole force of the ITnited States is at your service." With that idea in mind the committee commenced their second mon- umental task. The city was divid(>d into four districts, each with well defined street boundaries, and a com- jieteiit executive head named for each district. Joseph M. I'.arker was made chairman of ward number 1; Arthur M. Free, ward number 2; A. L. Hubbard, ward number .'i, and H. A. Harms, ward number 4. Eacli chairman apipointed a working committee of from 50 to 100 in his district with captains .ami lieutenants so as to cpiickly organ- ize effecti\i' work. ('amji lists lilled the papers, — camp lists that later tr.agic.ally changed to casualties. Governor William I>. Stephens issued a proclamation in whiih lie said: "At this solemn moment I call upon the peopl,- of ('alifornia in all public gath- erings and assemblies to renew in their hearts their pledge of patriotic devotion to our country and Hag." John K. Lyiiidi, governor of the Federal Reserve bank, asked the co-operation of all mayors and exeiM]ti\'e ln>ads. At this time the Figlith regiment, comju'lsing o\i'r .a thous.aiid iin'ii. Colonel George M. Weeks comm.andiiig, .aiii\ed at Camp Fremont after a two months' trip I'roiii the Philippine islands. The famous Califoinia giizzlies were forming and camjied at Tanforan, )iroininent among them being M.ijor Ucd.eit 1. P.entley, (.'aptain (Jedric R. Rieh- iiiojid. Captain Kllsworth E. Chase and Lieutenant Wilmer (iross. The cross above the hallowed grave of Lieutenant Wilmer (iross "somewhere in France" casts its shallow on the hearts of the home-folk for the continuance of whose liberty he m.ade the supreme sacrifice, Sunday, September HO, 1017, the Argall Brothers i|na]'tet made their last appearance as a singing grouii at the Methodist church. Charles was to leave for Prance in a few days. Heart- breaking days !were to intervene before San Joseans listened again to the voices of tliese brothers in the songs we had learned to love. Joseph M. P.arkiM 's committee didn't waste any time. They met Siimlay at the Vendome hotel and for e.acli of the six precincts in the first ward a ihairnian ami his aides were named. Precinct No. I — Henry .\yer. chairman; William Watson, Joscjih Ilartniaii, William I. Geoffrey, W. F. Curry and Dr. A. A. Cavagnara. Precinct No. 2 — Joseph Magistretti, chairman; D. M. Denegii, .1. Caillean, Eugene Pezolo, F. W. Ilogan. Precinct .'I — Jidin V. Slavich, chairman; A. P. Lepesh, August P. Minjonlet, Gus Wendt, IS WAR HISTORY OF .SANTA CLARA (BOUNTY N. A. rcllerano. rrecinrt 4 — J. J. Mc-Lauiin, (.'hnirmnn; Matt Gleunoii, W. I'. Isliam, A. 1{. Kennedy. Precinct 5 — W. L. Atkinson, cliaii-niaii; Dan .T. Flannery, George H. Anderson, George Mc- Donaici, J. R. Kocher, James Gillon, A. N. Lossc. Precinct 6 — Alexander Slieriffs, cliairnian; Harry Morris, J. F. O'Keefe, Miss Lyncli, Mrs. Fred Keller, Mrs. Bennett, Mrs. .J. .1. Conniff, Mrs. Baggott. Otlier war leaders liasteneil to jierfcct their working fone. Free learned that Al Iliildiard was coming over in his ward and apjirojiriating .some of tlie best workers. Huldiard njadi' apjiroaches to Billy Prussi.a, who was counted on liy Free as a soliciting prize winner. That wonhl never ilo. Free called n meeting at the chamber of comnierce. Huldiard called a meeting at the same time and place! They compromised! It was the best com- promise in the World. They simjily agreed to com- bine forces and fight side by side to a victorious finish with the following committeemen: Free 's workers — S. W. Waterhouse, .Tam<'s Finley, C. A. Hall, Walter Lillick, Juanita Halsey, Jennie Sheriffs, R. R. Syer, E. M. Rosentlial, S. Trapani, Jese Levy, Alexander Hart, Joe Millard, Bert Gassett, Judge P. F. Gosbey, Elmer E. Chase, Tom Bodley, Fannie Morrison, Mrs. C A. Way- land, Dr. William Simpison, Dr. J. J. Miller, Gus Lion, Frank O'Connell, Alfred Madsen, Karl Stull, Mrs. Fosgate, Dr. Daviil A. Beattie, Tom Watson, Mrs. T. L. Blanchard, Walter Ohrismaii, L. Mag- gini, Sam E. Smitli, Samuel Tompkins, R. 0. Mc- Comish, Captain Bailey, Captain Cambpell, Mrs. Mae Faull, Mrs. Henry Lion, Mrs. S. Ogicr, Robert Borchers, A. C. Kuhns, Ralph Lowe. That aggregation doesn't sound as if .Xrtliur Free needed to lie stingy with AI llubliai'd! Mut Hubbard liad some first lieutenants of liis \rry own before that compromise, althougli conspiracy is evidenced by some of the names aji])earing on both lists. Hubbard claimed Karl Stull (Karl was in demand), Charles R. Parkinson, E. P. Lion, Sanford Bacon, W. L. Prussia, (Billy was a lione of contention, too). Alexander Hart (tliat's two for him). Jay McCabe (everybody claimed .lay), ('harU's M. O'Brien, J. H. Levy (auothi'r claim jump liere), Joseph DuBrutz, Clove Pomeroy, Val- entine Koch, Walter Triukler, Harrison 1'. Smitli. J. W. Williams, William Boschken. In ward i H. A. Harms, chairman, put his sign and seal on the following gentlemanly solic- itors, each to name other able assistants: C. W. Davison, Judge Urban A. Sontheimer, E. P. P.oiiar. J. B. (Ihiappe, F. A. Gnr:u. J. M. McKieniau, C. 11. James, Mrs. D. H. Rolnrts. Word came tliat on the following Friday, October ^^, more than 700 Liberty Boys would pass through San Jose on their way to Camp Lewis. Those boys had a grand reception. Citizens, Red Cross workers, everyone united to honor them. The reception and supper given them in St. James street next to the Park, followed the city 's good- bye to 12(1 of the local boys, who left that day for army camps. October 0, John D. Kuster received a telegram from Mrs. E. R. Brainard, chairman of the Woman 's Liberty Loan committee for California, asking that women be apjiointed for county work. Mrs. C. A. Wayland was given the honor of the first appointment ;is elKiiinian ;uid immediately began to perfect ;in organiz:ition. The women entered into the campaign with as much fervor as thi' men. Judge William .■\. B(>;isly headed the speakers' committee and secured ('Inirles K. Fiehl. editor of Sunset Magazine, wdio addressed an immense audience in the First B;iptist idiurch the next Sunilay evening. Other speakers who gave their services during the campaign under .ludge Beasly's direction were •T. S. Williams, Dr. .7. W. Dinsmore, Arthur Free, Victor LaMotte, Senator Herbert H. Jones, A. C, Kuhn, Fred L. Thomas, M. E. Griffiths, Victor Palmer, F. M. ('oleman :ind Senator Frank H. Benson. On October S a telegram from W. G. McAdoo reached Joseph M. Parker, jiresident of the cham- ber of commerce, ''T ;im counting upon San .lose." ran the message, "to overscribe its allotment to the second liberty loan, .■iml know that the patriot- ism of your citizens can be ndied upon to achieve the desired result. The failure of one liberty loan would be \vorse than a defeat upon the battlefield. America can never permit such a defeat." On October 9 the liberty loan committee met and Chairman Kuster called for greater effort. "We are all busy now," he sai Aisne was broken and the foe routed at Chavignon. In Flanders both the British and French were holding the Ypres gains. It began to look like business and the slight encouragement gave new im|ietus to the liberty loan. On October 22, six batteries of the Grizzlies' Field Artillery passed through on their way to " somewheie " — and we waved a last goodliye. Then c-ame Liberty Day with its jostling crowils lining the streets while there passed such a spectacular p.-nade numbering more than 15.000 ]>ersons, as had never before thrilled the hearts of San .loseans. The Eighth regiment came from C:imp Fremont with over 600 seasoned troopers. There were seven bands, including the Eighth Regiment liand, beside numerous drum corps. Catholic schools, Notre Dame, grammar and high and normal schools, Santa Clara university and the College of the Pacific; fraternal and civic organizations, — all classes and creeds were in the line of march. To be exact there were no classes or creeils — there were just patriotic Americans, from the granil marshal at the heail to the small boy on a dilapiilated bicyide bringing uji the rear. Police Chief Blaid; led the parade with Manager Reed grand marshal and Sheriff Arthur B. Lang- ford chief aid. Members of the Liberty Loan committee acted as the grand marshal's staff. In St. James l^ark, following the piarade, refreshments were ser\ ed to the Eighth Regiment after which .\rthur M. Fri'e electrified the immense gathering with his elo(|uent patriotism. Deputy Distirct Attorney M. E. Griflith adilressed the crowd from an auto near the jiark, again from the steps of the Garden City bank and a third time at the corner of St. James and First WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY streets. The men who gave tlieii- time niul riuTgy t:) make this parade an unforgettable event wer? Joseph M. Parker, eommittee chairman, Charles R. Parkinson, John D. Kuster, A. E. Holmes, Thomas H. Eeed, Karl StiiU, Howell D. Melviii, Dr. W. ('. Bailey, Joseph T. Brooks, Henry M. Aver, Arthur B. Langford. The jiraetieal result ot tliat Liberty Day demonstration was $1,5X1,7.50 subserilied to bonds. Two days more — and a final trenu'dous effort! San Jose had it to do — San Jose would not fail! Dr. W. C. Bailey had a wonderful idea. No one had thought of the Boy Scouts. Late Thursday afternoon Dr. Bailey communieated with F. 1<'. McLain, Scout Master, asking that IDO Boy Scouts meet the committee at 6:15 at the Montgomery hotel. Every boy was there! That was some sup- per! Bailey, Kuster, Reed, Clayton, Bullitt, Ri(di- man and McLain all addressed the boys and asked their help for the last two days of the campaign. Scouts know how to yell. They greeted each speaker in a way that was new to him — very com- plimentary but disconcerting. They cheered E. N. Richmond as the "Prune King." They gave cheers for the "boy grown tall' individually and collectively and threw in a nunibcr of wiM yells for good measure. The committee "chipped in" on the spot and bouglit a bond for the Scouts. The Scouts Were enlisted — full of patriotism ami ' ' peji. ' ' Portable booths, eonstiucteil under the direi - tion of Karl Stall sprung up like mushrooms over night. Friday morning two Red Rross nursese and two business men were on duty in each bootli. Tlie Boy Scouts were everywhere. When a man or woman appeared without a Liberty Loan button a small police khakielad boy asked " wliere 's your button?" They added something jiotcuit about the apjieal of those clean American lioys. Tlicy added thousands of dollars to the list of subscrip- tions. Wild enthusiasm broke u|> all tlu> con;- mitteemen 's dignity wlien Boy Scout .Joe t'arti r reported at headquarters a. subscription of ."fMO,!)!)!! which he had secured from P.yle & Sous cannery. One small Boy Scout and a $.10,00(1 subscription! It was a big day! Saturday night the records showed over $37,000 in subscriptions credited to the Boy Scouts and returns incomidete. The second Liberty Loan camiiaign enclcl Saturdaj' night, Oetoljer 27, with a. subscription if $3,346,200. When the books closed the folhjwing Wednesday the total amount suliscribed was $3,365,100 — another overscription! Of this :imiiunt $63,000 was secured by the Woman 's committee. The Liberty Loan committee, by Chairman Jolin Kuster and Dr. W. C. Bailey, secretary, in a grace- ful letter of thanks voiced their aiipreciattm of tlie enthusiastic interest in the campaign taken by all those who were called upon to help. This letter of apjueciation was in part as follows: "The cheers of 1300 homesick Santa Clara county boys are heard across the Atlantic and fiom every training camp, grateful that patriotism, duty and personal sacrifice are appreciated and mani- fested in a substantial way by those left at home. * * * For all this and more, believing that these examples of loyalty inspire every heart with a greater love for country, a greater devotion to duty and a solemn pledge of personal sacrifice until the end, we are profoundly grateful. ' ' Liberty Loan committee, by John D. Kuster, Chairman, W. C. Bailey, Secretary. San Jose 's number of subscribers in this second loan was -1,722. County subscribers, 3250, making a total of 7972, an increase of 970 over the first loan. San Jose 's subscription was $2,305,650. The county total $1,059,459, making a total of $3,365,- 100. The average subscription per capita for the city was $4.SS. For tlie county, $326, with an average of $422. In this loan seven and two-tiftl.s of the population subscribed a slight increase over the percentage of those subscribing to the first loan. SECOND Y. M. C. A. DRIVE National W;ir Woik councils vvere ablebodieil! They were strong on recommendations, receiving encouragement, doubtless, from the overwhelming response to every call. On November 9, 1917, the National War Work council of the Y. M. C. A., recommended the raising of a funil of $35,000,0;iO to serve not only the nu'n of tlu' United Stales army ami navy, but the soldiers of the allies and all prisoners of war, throughout the war zones. Everywhere one heard hearty endoresments of the practical work of the " Y. " T. A. Wright wrote from Camp Lewis to his friend, Ray McMahon, saying in jiart: "Summing up the whole thing you might say that the Y. M. C. A., is to the boys here as sugar is to your coffee!" On Saturchiv, November 9. 1917, 50 represent- ative business mem sat down to luncheon in tlie Y. M. C. A. auditorium to talk over the big call and formulate plans for the local cam]iaign. Senator Herbert ('. Jones outlined the [dan and suggested that gifts be measured ' ' only by the ability to give, ' ' since the Y. M. C. A., was doing a wonderful work for ' ' these boys of ours. ' ' Judge W. A. Beasly spoke of the thousands of let- ters written on red triangle stationery that were coming to the home folks — evidence of the far- reaching influence of the association. "If we wan, to keep the home ties from breaking," said the judge, "we want to keep the home fires burning in the hearts of the boys and that is what the Y. M. C. A. is doing for them." Other speakers told of the fund being endorsed by General Persh- ing and Presiilent Wilson, who were asking e;ich one to ' ' help the ' Y ' help your boy. ' ' The campaign was scheduled for the we(d( ol' November 11 to 19 with a local quota of $25,000. That sounded tremendous, especially with so many other calls being made. Christmas cheer for the boys was taking lots of ready cash. The Elks were ju-eparing their empty stocking fund entertain- ment because "with so many d.addies in the trenches WAR HISTORY OF >SANTA CLARA COUNTY tluM-e were going to lie lots of pitifully empty stockings. The Y. W. C. A. and the K. of C. drive;; were programmed. San Joseans hail become so used to that little word "campaign'' that thi'y cnu!d spell it backward. We were in the war "to thi last man and the last dollar" and this apjiea', \c>ii-i'd by an old mother when she said to a Y. M. ('. .\. secretary, ''take care of my boy — he's all I've got,'' found something warmly human stii- riug the heartstrings. "God bless 'em.'' said :; bereft father in speaking of the "Y'' workers, ''they're the fathers of thousands of boys!" Sunday, November 11, 1017, was Y. M. ('. A. ■ lay in the churches of the county and early Mon- day morning 20 teams of purposeful business men opened the big drive. One generous hearted man of affairs thought he started the ball rolling with a subscriiition of $.500 but a little stenographer was ahead of him with lier proportionate gift of $5. For the lirst hour the registering thermometer just kei't jumping — jumjiing steadily toward the $!!;■), 0011. There Were two subscriptions of $ll)Oil each; 12 of .•};.500 each and 25 of .$100 each; but it was the '"mites" that brought up the total. At the daily luncheons reports encouraged the workers. On Thursday during a particularly thril- ling speech a little boy, a cripple, slip]ied in and listeneil to the eloipieut appeal. After the meet ing (dosed he went quietly to (iet>rge Wilson, sec- retary, and askcil timidly if "a little hit would hidp?" lie gave his bit — 50 cents in nickles and ]iennies — and limped away with a happy smile on his thin little face. That stenographer's first $.j and the little cripple's 50 cents were pure gold! The high scdiool boys' committee were enthus- iastic workers. They subscribed $070 in $10 gifts that were to be "earned and given.'' Nine San Josi' i;irls niaile "earn and give" pledges of $l(i each. These girls were Malva Beatty, (Jrace Lim- erick, .Julia Holdredge, Hazel Dickinson, Georgine I'ink. Beth Crummey, Lilah Seeley and Lola Bnr- ilick. The (diildren in the kindergarten wanted to help anil a s|iecial fund took care of their penuirs and dimes. Small wonder that the schools were iiiterestcl with 45 high school lioys in service and more than :;(I00 gone from the county. Leiand I'russia and Laurene Jackson left No\-euilier 16 to join the na\-al reserve, having qualified as wireless teleg- raphers. With a blue star shining in the window of a lonidy home for each departed lad, fathers and mothers remembered to l)e thankful that there were ■■y" imts everywhere. The red triangle m.-uked a hut at the foot of Mount Sinia, where the Apostle Paul preached the gospel to Ale.\anilri;i and there was the same kind of hut ami the same insignia, at Gamp Fremont. Renu.'udjrance of what it all stood for — clean manhood — rolled up the sidi scriptions .-nid sent the thermometer nearer the toji. Two things happened simultaneously. The Hoover dress made its initial appearance and the Western Pacific railroad struck a "bumiicr" at Willow Glen! We accepted the dress — but abso- lutely refused the railroad! Half the county quota was raised by Saturday night, November 17 — and only two more days to finish the campaign! Could we do it? Those two days were a time of strenuous house-to-house can- vassing. ''Y" campaigners had addressed every San .Jose church congregation on Sunday, and the ]ieoi)le were well jirepared to meet the last appeal. On the evening of November 20 Senator Herbert G. Jones announced to 150 wildly enthusiastic campaigners gathered at the Y. M. G. A. building, that San Jose was "over the top," having raised not only tin- quota of $25,000 but $5000 more! I: was a memoralile occasion and the joy in each tired committeeman's heart found voice in the eloqueuic of Arthur M. Free, R. H. Gosson, Senator Frank H. Benson and others. Much had been asked — and much generously given that the home ties nnght not be broken or the light of the home fires die in thi' hearts of our boys. During the great world war, for the first tinu^ in the history of the Y'. M. G. A. organization, their forces were augumented and their work given the real touch of home atmosphere by women. The -'Y" selected patriotically unselfish women for overseas service where the light of a woman's smile and the inspiration of a real American woman 's iircsence did more to kee[i the home (ires burning in the soldier-hearts than anything else could do. For this service the local Y. M. G. A. selected Miss Qua M. Rounds, who was the only woman ''Y'' worker to go overseas from this county. Miss Rounds entered the service in Octo- ber, 1918. More than :!5() committeemen helped to carry the second "Y" drive to successful completion. These men constituted nnire than 20 teams, of which the following is a partial list: Team 1 — Dr. E. H. Wagner, captain; D. J. Denhart, G. W. Gurry, Dr. Newhall, Dale Holland. Team 2— H. A. Blanchard, captain; .T. W. Nixon, Rev. G. Irons, K. W. Jack, G. H. Waterman. Team ,3— Judge F. B. Brown, captain ; A. G. Darby, Louis Oneal, C. L. Snyder, A. 1). (,'ampbell. Team -1 — Geo. D. Oilman, captain; L. T>. Bohuett, J. R. Grossby, L. P. Ed- ward, W:irren Reilly. Team .5 — A. S. Bacon, captain; D. G. (huniiney, Rev. E. A. King, M. A. Boulware, \V. E. Ilazeltine. Team (3 — A. M. Free, cajitaiu; Louis Ganipiglia, Floyd StuU, Mr. Chaji- nian, Frazier Reed. Team 7 — Faher Johnston, captain; Dr. G. M. Richards, E. A. Wiilco-x, Dr. S. B. VauDalscm, R. J. Glendenniug, Harry Smith. Te;im s — I^. M. Fehren, captaiu; Judge W. A. Brasly, A. L. Hubbard, Arthur Holmes, J. W. (irimes. Team — J. E. Hancock, captain; A. (!. Wilkins, Ale.x Murgotten, J. V. Haley. Team 10 — Alexander Sherriffs, captain; Judge P. P. Gosbey, Dan Flaunery, W. L. Prussia, J. S. Williams. Team 11— Victor Ghallen, captain; W. L. Atkin- son, W. J. Lean, H. P. Kessler, DeWitt. Rucker. Team 12— H. L. Austin, captain; J. E. Hoblit, Frank Howarth, G. W. Borchers, Mrs. Dastel. Team 13— A. B. Langford, captain; Dr. L. T. Smith, Irving J. Lee, Jos. Naj^oli. Team 1-1 — J. T. WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY Brooks, captain; Joe M. Parker, Howell Molviii. Team 15 — Chester Herold, eaptaiii; Henry Garcia, Ray Rugi;-, Frank Towner. Dr. H. S. (Jliandler. WOMEN'S MOBILIZED ARMY In every time of stress and trouble sinci' the world began, women liave been looked to for sym- pathy, for the comfort of broken hearts and the binding np of grievous wounds. There her service ended. The great \vorld war changed the character of her ministry. She was asked for more tliaii sympathy. She answered the call for jiractical, efficient service, — answered it fully and unmistak- ably. Neglecting none of the old duties she as- sumed heavier burdens and carried them with squared shoulders and well poised head. Losiuy no tenderness she developed business efficiency, and rare capability for organization. It can be said to the credit of the women of Santa Clara county and of San Jose jjarticularly, that their compre- hensive organization for war w'ork preceded that of the men. The Women's Moliilized Army proved its abi'- ity as a power for accomplishment through cam- paign after camjiaign for war funds and strenuous bond drives. Many do not know that the organi- zation was really tlje outgrcVwth of the December. 1917, Y. W. C. A. campaign for $16,000. When that call came there seemed no way to meet it The demand looked like a deluge about to Ijnalc over boasted feminine patriotism and iom|ib'til>' engulf it! Women of al)ility and proven i|ii;ilitirs necessary to '']iut things over'' met and talked it over. Mrs. Thomas H. Reed brought tlie story of the Berkeley women's mobilized army, and on that plan the local organization was finally per- fected. Mrs. L. T. Smith outlined an arrangement of school districts and outside towns and listeil tlie names of San Jose women who never failed in any emergency. The plan was a tremendous one. It couldn't lie made effective for tlie Y. W. < '. .\. drivi', but plans for this county work formeil t basis of the organization. Then came the day when a morning paper announced that ''the women of the county were to mobilize" and — they did! This call came from the Santa Clara County Coun- cil of Defense, of which Brs. S. W. Gilchrist was chairman. November 19, 1917, became a memor- able day. Hundreds of loyal women hearil the ca'l and Schofield hall at the Y. W. C. A. was crow, led to the doors with those eager for service. .\mon:; them were a few who visioued what it all meant — and these women Mrs. Gilchrist called upon to lead in whatever tasks awaited. Mrs. L. T. Smith became colonel of the Wo men's Mobilized Army for Santa CUua- county, and Mrs. D. A. Beattie shouldered a lieutenant colonel's responsibility for the city of San .lose. Eleven other workers were appointed to lead tlie activities in the various districts of the county. Those aijpointed were Mrs. W. B. Allen, Palo Alto; Mrs. S. L. Berry, Mountain View; Mrs. James Glendenning, Santa Clara; Mrs. A. A. llalsey, Cupertino; Mrs. George Parso, Campbell; Mrs. W. G. Tomlinson, Saratoga; Mrs. Z. L. Riggs, Los (Jatos; Jlrs. 0. H. Barnliart, Morgan Hill; Mis. W. B. llolsclaw, Gilroy; Mrs. J. P. Shambo, Ever- green, and Miss Nellie Evans, Milpitas. This permanent organization effected for the lieriod of the war, included beside the colonel and twelve lieutenant-colonels, a major for each school district. Each major appointed captains and un- der each captain were several lieutenants. The cities, divided according to precincts, were given a captain foi- eacdi precinct and a lieutenant foi- each block. To the lieutenants fell the task of house-to-house canvassing. In San Jose the majors named by Mrs. D. A. Beattie were Mrs. P. F. Gos- bey, Mrs. N. H. Booker, Mrs. J. J. Byl, Mrs. J. E. Hancock, Mrs. V. A. VonDorsten, Mrs. C. C. Little, Miss Wehner, Mrs. Nicholas Bowden, Mrs. Willis Clayton, Mrs. A. B. Brown, Mrs. George B. Seeley, Mrs. Charles Parkinson and Mrs. S. D. Parriugton. This magiiilicent organization, perfected in a short time, numliered 1400 women banded togetlier to answer with unselfish service every appeal made to tliem. They were valiant soldiers in the cause of humanity in a world upheaval tliat broke hearts anil devastateil homes. From that day in November, 1917, through a! the long months of war, this Women's Mobilize! Army fought shoulder to shoulder with the Men 's War Work Council and their efforts were untiring' in answering every call for service. Many of the nicmliers of the War Work Council unhesitatin.:j;ly give to tlie Women 's Army the laurels of victory in strenuous campaigns. They faltered before no personal sacrifice, they shirkeii no duty. Their slogan was "Service First" and their badges oi' red, white and blue covered intensely loyal hearts. Nine tremeinlous war activities called for tlieir best endeavor. The December, 1917, Red Cress membership ilrive was the Mobilized Army's init- ial service. Mrs. A. A. Fowler was chairman of this activity. The second cain[}aign came in 191s, when they helped to carry out the successful Thrift and War S.'ivings Stani]! drive under the chairmanshiii of Mrs. F. M. Eley. The thir.l Liberty Loan, A]iril, 191S. proved tlie (piality of women's service under the guidani e of Mrs. C. A. Wayland, chairman. The Red Cross campaign in May, 1918, War Savings Stamp drive in June, 191.S, ami the registration of all chiblren under six years of age, also in June, w'en' directeil 'by members of the Women's Army. In Oc-tober. 191S, came tile Fourth Liberty Loan, and no one will ever forget the Volunteer Day preceding it on Se]itember 7. On this day niemliers of the Women's Mobilized Army served in the regul.-ir polling places throughout the county, more than S.50 volunteering for this work in San Jose. The result of efficient organization became ajiparent when a " clieidi up" of the day's returns showed that about 65 ]ier cent of S.-iiita Clara county's (|Uota had been voiiin teeri'd ill one day. The Fnited War Work c-ani liaign in Novemlier, 191.S, and the Libcuty Loan dii\e close. I the book of tlie Women's Mobilized WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY Army liistoiy — a history of accomplisliment l>riclly sketclii'(l. No tabulation of campaign returns or bare recoril of work done can ever tell tlie story in its entirety. The members of this army made every sacrifice, some of them even the sacrifice of health itself in the jiatriotic endeavor to leave nothing undone that would speed the coming of the ilay when jieace should dawn on a war-tcuii world and their own return to them again. Through the heat of summer and the rains of winter these loyal women tramjied from house tu house as the jiiath of duty led. Frequently many visits 'vvere made to the same house. They were not doing this thing for themselves. They were accredited agents of the government and dared not fail. At first they met frequent opposition, but in the end their quiet patient persistence wiui. Tliey endured hardships and accepted rebuffs, they workeil and planned and sacrificed and diil it over and over in the light of the courage that women know. These women selling bonds and thrift stamps, asking subscriptions to every war activity, taking a census, distributing window cards and flags an.! food pledges, holding quiet conferences or arous- ing flagging enthusiasm by great mass meetings, — these women gave to their country a service that <-an never be nu'asured or ade(|uately told. Thr ai'my of uncomplaining women who tramped from house to house, always with a smile, deserve all the medals anil decorations for valor witliin the gift of a lieneficient government to bestow! They fought with the boys for every trench and fielil and hamlet — fought with clear heads and hearts teniUr with the tears tliat fell into them from eyes that bravely refused to let ti'ars fall. They were the tireless sohliers who fought the war llOliil miles from the front — and won it! Among the thousands of appealing incidents during the work of the Women 's Army are two particularly worthy of special mention. In San Jose precinct number 10, Mrs. E. H. Baker mail" no changes in the personnel of her workers duriii • the entire war jieriod. The faithful coterie of women who worked in every campign were: Mrs. E. H. Baker, Mrs. L. L. Lamar, Mrs. ('. E. Parsons, Miss M. Blomdohl, Mrs. C. O. Neale and Mrs. E. Perkins. The other instance of valiant service is that of Mrs. J. M. Church Walker, in charge of a mountain district above Los Gatos. This little woman having no other way to accomplish her work, walked every ste]i of the necessary Hi miles to organize her district! The women whose dis- trict included large foreign si)eaking population, found evening and Sunday work oliligatory — but none of them faltered. Soldiers — every one of them! And soldier-led by Mrs. L. T. Smith :ind Mrs. P. A. Beattie— led not only from victory in war work activities but led into new ways of better human understanding and a sisterhood that crowns the days of peace with a new beauty. The power of Women 's Mo- bilized Armv reaches into the distance, envisionin" against the tarnished background of war, a future bright with mutual heljifulness. Y. W. C. A. DRIVE During the latter part of the memorial year, 1917, San Jose emulated Jehu of ancient Biblical fame and "drove furiously!" Life was one grand succession of ''drives." The days were afiuttir with checks and jingling of coin of the realm, gen- erously donated to keep the home fires burning and light the best substitutes for them across the sea. The first week in December the National War Work Council of the Young Women's Christian Association issued a call for $4,000,000 for the purpose of establishing social and rest centers for heroic nurses at the front, one such center to be located near each base hospital. The fund also provided for bettering the conditions surrounding cantonments and the munition factories employing women. Santa Clara county's quota was $16,000. This call found a sympathetic response in the hearts of San Jose's women. They visioned the actualities and knew the need — a real woman-need — of a place to rest, a place to be by one 's self sometimes; but could they raise $16,000 after all the calls that had been made? The movement was sponsored by competent women: Mrs. Charles D. Blaney, Mrs. Peter J. Dunne, Mrs. Ray Lyman Wilbur, Mrs. George Hamilton, Mrs. J. O. Hayes, Mrs. Thomas H. Reed, Mrs. S. W. Gilchrist, Mrs. S. W. W;iterhouse, Mrs. Nicholas Bowden, Mrs. Frcnujut Older and Miss Ethel Clayton. It was a big proposition — and there was no county organi- zation. Patriotic women were appealed to, among them Mrs. L. T. Smith and Mrs. D. A. Beattie, who received appointements from Mrs. S. W. Gilchrist of the (Council of National Defense to handle the campaign. Mrs. Smith supervised the entire county work and Mrs. Beattie led the city teams. At a Y. W. C. A. luncheon, December 4, 1917, Mrs. Charles B. Hare, president of the board of directors, introduced Mrs. R. S. M. Eznerich, a mis- sionary, recently returned from the fighting front in Turkey. Mrs. Emerich graphically portrayed conditions suirouuding the women who were risk- ing their lives at the front, making an appeal that stirred every heart and registered determination in every face. The next ilay Mrs. Beattie followed this apjienl by saying to the workers, "there are 110,000 nurses ready for service at the front. Are we going to let them give out for lack of a place to rest? Are we going to let them be sent back unable to stand the terrible strain simply because we don 't like to raise the money to take care of them?'' That question was answered within ten days. At this December 5th meeting, Mrs. L. T. Smith made her appointments for the county, and Mrs. D. A. Beattie named the following team cap- tains for the work in San Jose: Mrs. Robert Syer, Miss Maud Blackford, Mrs. Peter Dunne, Miss Bertha Fair, Mrs. C. C. Little, Mrs. Stejihen Maynard. Each captain selected 10 to 12 women for patriotic service. Two days before the campaign opened the first :i WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY donation was made. A .young woman walked into the Y. W. C. A. office and gave tlie secretary $10 with the remark that slie didn't have to be solic- ited — she "wanted to help." The day after tliat one of _tlie "Y" members was out in her back van! 'when a little old neighbor lady leaned over the fence and handed her a'worn $1 bill. "This is my own niiincy'" she said with a flush in her dear old face. ''It was given to me for tihristmas — but T want it to go to hel]i the brave women who arc caring for our boys at the front!" The real work of the drive started the nimu- ing of December 5 and from the lirst minute there was the keenest rivalry between the "teams." Towns in the county vied with each otlier in the race to be first over the top. The big thermometer on the Bank of San Jose building marked a rapil increase in "temperature" from day to da •. Workers met eacdi other at the "Y" for luncheon and the reports inspireil to renewed endeavor. Almost eveiv day the business girls' team, under the leadership of Miss Bertha Fair, was near the top and these girls only had their noon hour anil the evenings in which to gather subscriptions. Mrs. L. T. Smith "stumped'' the eonnty, ex- jilaining the reasons for the call and rousing every outside town to a fervor of patriotic endeavor. Gifts rangeil all tlie way from a penny to $.500, but most of the contriliutions were small. It was not a " Y. W. ('. A. campaign. ' ' It was the work of the Uniteii States and the particular business of every woman \vithin reach of their sisters' call. Responses were freely made — with rare exceptions. One worker gasped for breath when an irate individual told her that if she would stay at homo and save her energy and her gasoline and stop annoying people that she would save so much she wouldn't need to "ask folks for money!'' Another son of Uncle Sam just wholidieartedly ' ' cussed ' ' everything connected with the govern- ment — but made a generous donation in apprecia tion of the solicitor's "oratory." San Jose responded as San Jose always does — with an oversubscription. Not only San Jose but the county. On the night of December 5, Scofield hall at the Y. W. (J. A. rang with cheers and echoeil with songs that greeted tlie final returns. County reports ^vere as enthusiastically received as the city ones. Altogetlier we had reached the quota with $4,000 to spare! If you think women can 't cheer you should have heard the noise as that rec- ord of $-0,000 was announced. Then, when it was all over, Mrs. L. T. Smith confessed that when tin- call first came she feared the quota would not be met. Some said far-seeing business men had been of the same opinion. Patriotism, not the tinsid variet.y, but patriotism backed up with good hard shoulder to shoulder team work had "put it across. ' ' In the linal cliecking up Mrs. Stephen May- nan! 's team won first place with subscriptions totaling $2386.75. Bertha Fair's business girls' team came second witli $1,693. Mrs. Charles Lit- tle's team scored tliird place witli $1,278.35, and Mrs. Peter Dunne's 'workeis tinned in thc> sum of $1,118.00. Mrs. Charles B. Hare and Mrs. D. A. Beattic expressed deep appreciation of the efficient assist- ance given during the campaign by Miss Ada B. Hillman, general secretary of the Y. W. C. A., Mrs. Shearer, the "house mother" ami (Jaroliue Underwood. The local association, liacked by every patriotic citizen of Santa Clara county, had helped to jait the "Blue Triangle" beside the Red Triangle and the Red Cross on every field of bal- tle anil in eveiy army camp. It helped to secure to our women overseas and all women giving their service in making munitions to feed the guns, a bit of home and a jdace in which to rest. During the summer of 1918 the local Y. W. ('. A. made a gift beyond price to the cause of sul' fering humanity when Miss Mary Helen Post offi-red herself through the association for overseas service. She is conducting a hostess house at Boi- deaux, France, and has been the comfort, help am! inspiration of all who have met her in the home atmosphere she has created in a far land, under the insignia of the Blue Triangle. K. OF C. DRIVE The Knights of ('olundius and the Y. M. ('. A., received apjiointments at the same tinu' fiom President Wilson to raise funds for supjilying the special needs of the soldiers. The big task before these organizations was to assist in keeping up Hie nu)rale of the men by supplying places for rest an 1 recreation. The Knights of Columbus undertno'; to raise $5,000,000 for the entire country, S;ri Jose's share of the war camp fund being $10,ooo. Tlie call came early in December, 1917, but very graciously the local K. of ('.. postponed their cam- [laign, once for the Y. M. C. A., and again for tlie Y. W. C. A. drive. The beneficient purpose of this war fund was not only to help the United States men in c!ini|) and field, but to give assistance to the soldiers of the allies, with whom our boys would soon be fight- ing shoulder to shoulder. It was to be a funii for all, a work for all, regardless of creed or fraternal affiliation. This Catholic hospitality and helpful- ness was to lie just that — Catholic in every sense. Although the original ]>lan included the navy as well as the army, permission for the erection of recreation centers on the Atlantic and Pacific sea- boards was not received until the fall of 1917. Early in December, 1917, plans for the eomiu;; camjiaign were discussed at a luncheon held at tie' Vendome hotel, at which time Rev. Edward .1 Ilanna, the guest of honor, expressed his pleasure in the co-operation of different organizations. "For the first time in its history," said Bishop Hanna, "the country has jilaced the moral and physical welfare of its soldiers in the hands of the religious men of the nation. The best way to make good soldiers is to educate men to high ideals. "Patriotism is best served," he said, "by those who realize that there is a God of nations and that the eternal things are the things of value in the world. " WAR HISTORY OP SANTA CLARA COUNTY Rev. Father Gleason tolil of the iiceils of tlie boys and predicted that the Y. M. C. A., and tlie K. of C, wouhl find plenty of work to do before the final dawn of peace. He described the recent opening of the K. of C. hall at Camp Fremont with more than 17(U) soldiers present to voice their aji- preciation of the offered recreational and educa- tional features. Father O 'Connell of St. Patrick 's told of a visit to ('amp Fremont and expressed in no uncertain terms his eutliusiasm for the type of men in the United States army. The drive, scheduled originally for December 19, opened at that time in the residential districts only, the business district not to be canvassed until after Chirstmas. Charles M. O'Brien led the K. of ('. forces as chairman of an able and inter ested committee consisting of J. F. Brooke, D. M. Burnett, Jay McCabe, F. G. Canelo, F. J. Somers, Robert Benson, W. F. Benson, J. S. Williams, John J. Jones, Dr. B. L. Wise, Frank Martin, F. J. Reidy, R. Bressani, N. A. Pellerano, M. E. Griffith and D. J. Flannery. Peter Dunne was assigned to the Alameda: Joseph A. Bihn and James Hancock led the campaigners in the Willows; J. S. Cunan, E. S., San Jose, Joseph Solari and C. O. Wendt were committeemen to cover "the city." Christmas time, several other drives in progress — and .$10,000 to raise! That meant $1000 every day for ten days! There wasn't a nuestion of failure. The Knights of Columbus had it to do and tliey did it splendidly, patriotically. Every bank in tlie county contributed. Protestants seemed to vie witli Catholics in giving. We were learning the larger brotherhood and really forming the more intimate acciuaintance with this organi- zation which not many outside its membership had understood. Tlie tremendous vaudeville show for the Camp Fremont boys had just been given by the Knights of Columbus and stimulated interest in the drive. Then the war fund received a Christmas gift from Manager James Beatty of the Liberty theater. This gift was 2000 theater tickets to lie sold for the benefit of the campaign. The day after Christmas the drive began in earnest. The workers grouped themselves into teams of three men each and each carried out tluir campaign program in record time before the Christ- mas spirit had evaporated. In order to gain great- est efficiency, lines of business were segregated, each division being canvassed by a certain team. Judge W. A. Beasly, C. C. Coolidge and John J. Jones called upon all the attorneys. Doctors and dentists received visits from Drs. Philip Wise, Arthur T. McGinty and Dr. Murray. John F. Brooke, J. R. Ryland and David Burnett visiteil all fruit canners. Frank J. Somers, Will I'russia ami F. J. Mc- Henry claimed the territory on the east side of First street from Santa Clara. The west side of the street was canvassed by F. CJ. Canelo, Jay Mc- Cabe and Henry Hoff. Santa Clara street was assigned to Charles L. Barrington, P. J. Foley and H. J. Dougherty, Second street between San An- tonio and San Fernando was claimed by Joe Solari. Frank Reidy and W. J. Benson. John S. Williams. N. A. Pellerano and Riclianl Bressani covered Market street. Contributions were willing and generous. Many sacrificed to give who knew of the good work being done and done quietly by the Knights of Columbus. One woman sent $2 with a note telling the committee that she had a brother at the front and she wanted him to have " K. of C. care.'' Many did not wait to be solicited. They cut the coupons from the paper and mailed their subscrip- tions. One teacher (retired) whose means are known to be very small, sent a note with .$10. She had been "staying awake nights thinking of the buys (iver there" and wanted to "help the K. of C. helji those boys.'' J^riday, December 28, there remained $4000 to r.aise and two days in which to raise it. Many boys belonging to companies B and M were home for the holidays and the sight of their uniforms sent San Jose dollars rolling eommitteeward. Daily luncheons with encouraging reports sjiurred to greater endeavor and on Monday, De- cember liO, when Chairman Charles M. O'Brien an- nounced that the quota had been reached with a generous margin there was a burst of enthusiasm. This K. of C ilrive was a quietly earnest one ami unii|uc' in achievement owing to the repeated cam- paigns, postjionements imd the holiday season. The patriotic Knights remembered through it all that the soliUer can 't stop after his second or third fight and that there could be no lessening of the efforts at home to back him uji. Led by Charles M. O'Brien's efficiency the local Knights of Colum- bus made an enviable record of achievement. Their successful war fund campaign assured to thousands of homesick lads the cheering words over thousands -of K. of C. shelters "Everybody Welcome!'' That "Everybody" meant everything — and unto the uppermost. It meant physical and spiritual needs supplied without "money and without price." It meant that for all time the world would know that Catholicism and patriotism and brotherly kindness were interwoven as the colors of the flag. This gift of .$10,011(1 to the war fund did not end tlie local offer of Catholic helpfulness. Father Walsli and Father Cox of Santa Clara College fol- lowed the flag overseas to lovingly minister to the men of every nation in every need. Father T. C. O 'Connell, pastor of St. Patrick's church, spent more than a year on the fighting front, offering his earnest chaplaincy with all its wealth of broth- erhood in the service of the boys — our boys — under the cross-emblazoned banner of patroitic Catholic- ism open seasame of '• Everybody Welcome." CHRISTMAS CHEER Christmas litl7! The first Christmas when the blue stars shown darkly in the white light of the lireat Star! The first lonely Christmas witlnuit the boys! The only cheer possible at home was the cheer we might send to follow our hearts that were away in camps and cantonments or overseas. The first idea of Christmas Cheer came to Eleanor 2(i WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY A. Brown and she talked it over with live other San Jose girls: Marion Goldsmith, Marion Cassin, Maude Thomas, Evelyn Johnson and Luita Arnold. It was one of those wonderful ideas that grow and grow into something beautiful. There was no need of newspaper publicity — wherever a heart beat true -with tenderness and there was the jiulse of patriotism or Christmas spirit the ideti of "Cheer for the boys" took root and developeil instan- taneously. At the Chamber of Commerce on Novendier 1, 1917, there was a meeting. Eleanor Brown an! her five girl friends met with representatives of the Chamber of Commerce, the Rotary Club, tin Red Cross, Y. W. C. A., Y. M. C. A., and the Woman's Club and other organizations to ninki' plans and perfect some kind of working >-oni- mittee. J. J. McDonald was made chairman and Luita Arnold secretary. Others present were Mrs. Charles Osenbaugh, Brownie Schillingsburg, Mrs. W. B. Irish, Mrs. Arthur Langford, Mrs. Claude Winans, Dr. M. E. Dailey, Charles R. Parkinson, W. T. Rambo and Joseph T. Brooks. There was no difficulty in ascertaining the object of that m<-et- ing. The intention was just to lovingly send to each boy in trench or camp, a Christmas remem- brance ' ' from the folks at home. ' ' Committee leaders were quickly selected. Finance, Eleanor Brown; publicitiy, Mrs. A. B. Langford; to secure the names of the boys, Mrs. W. B. Irish; supjdies, Mrs. Claude A. Winans; box packing committee, Mrs. N. J. Gray. Later Mrs. F. J. Loel, Mrs. S. L. Cunningham, Mrs. W. M. Beggs, Mrs. J. J. Mc- Donald, Judge W. A. Beasly and Jay McCabo were added to the general committee. More and more were added until San Jose simply became a committee of the whole to see to it that not one l)oy from home — 'wherever he might lie in tlu' wide, wide world, was forgotten! Mrs. Claude A. Winans shared her committee- ship with Mrs. Bert Goldsmith, Mrs. J. E. Han- cock, Mrs. D. L. Smith and Mrs. A. D. Grant. That gave the Woman's club a place of prominence in the supply deiiartment and the club recognized its Christmas honors by offering to pack the boxes. The matter of getting the names of the boys was a difticult task. Judge Beasly and Miss Stella Huntington was added to the committee headed by Mrs. Irish. For a time it seemed that no ade- quate list could be secured. Even the state of California could not furnish such a list. Boys from here had enlisted everywhere. They were widely scattered. Appeals were made in every way and grailually the Christmas list lengthened and Miss Huntington was kept busy cataloging them. Mrs. W. B. Hobson, secretary of the San Jose branch of the Needlework guibl came foi-ward with an offer of the guild's gifts that had been collected during more than two months, ('ity Manager Thomas H. Reed wrote a Christmas greeting and a copy of it accompanied each box. Jay McCabe and J. J. McDonald starteil a campaign for 500 pounds of stuffed prunes and that ."lOil became 700. Attractive boxes placed in the Hotels Montgomery, St. James and Vendome, in each of the six city banks and in Jay McCabe 's store, each with a picture of a soldier and a Christmas tree on one side and a sailor and a Christmas tree on the other, mutely but eloijuently invited contributions toward "Cheer." At the high school there was another litl' box into which tlie coins fell with a happy clink. Everybody wanted to help. The Silver Links cliili of the Y. W. runes. E. E. Chase off'ered the use Oi his packing house for the preparation of the delectable goodies. A. L. Hubbard brought four Christmas trees down from the Santa Cruz moun- tains to decorate the street corners as reminders to every ])asserby that the Christmas Cheer cam- paign was on! Books couldn 't go into those boxes but stories could. So under the direction of Mrs. W. B. Irish continued stories from the magazines were selected and bound. There was to be a Tag Day and the Boy Scouts anil normal school girls all offered to help with this. The Scouts planned to "tag" the automobiles '.vhile a committee of 40 girls ''tagged" the iieojile. More thau 10,000 tags were printed and donated by Mrs. Mae Wright and the American Can company gave all the tin "money boxes" into which the coins fairly jumpeil on Tag Day— Saturday, November 10, 1917. This day, under the direction of Mrs. J. J. McDonald, Brownie Schillingsburg captained the blue team, Luita Arnold led the red team and Frank McLain marshalled the forces of the Boy Scouts under a white banner. Lieutenants were Maude Tnomas, Mary Goldsmith and Marion Cassin. Forty nor- mal school girls and 20 Boy Scouts accompished wonders! All day the coins jingled into the con- tainers with a silvery promise of cheer! All day responses w-ere more than willing. It was almost Christmas and hearts at home were lonely — and very tender. When night came and the tired "taggers" counted the money there was $117.5.80. What did being tired matter? Think how many Christmas boxes that money made possible! That very day the packing had commenced and love was in every touch, folded in every paper wrap- ping and tied closely in cacli dainty red ribbon. Volunteers were called for and on the morning of November 10, 1917, 45 women armed with big aprons, fruit knives and unlimited energy gath- ered around the long tables at the Golden Gate Packing company 's plant and began the stuffing of 700 pounds of prunes! This work under Mrs. Claude Winan 's direction progressed rapidly — and stickily! As fast as the pound cartons were filled they were packed for delivery to the Woman 's club where the Christmas cheer boxes were pre- pared for shipment. The original plan called for 500 boxes. There at least 900 altogether! They went to every state in the union, 150 to France and 25 boxes to Hono- lulu. In addition to the boxes about 300 pounds of candv was sent to the boys whose names arrived 27 WAR HISTORY OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY late. The ;>0 women who did the packing watcheil tlie last tin-lined box tied on December 1 and only they Icnew how much beside the gifts and "good cheer" was tucked away under each cover tliat a kindly little Boy Scout fastened securely as his labor of love for the big brother" somewhere. There were raisins, nuts, candy, stuffed prunes, gum, a songbook, cakes, socks, toilet articles, local pajiers, Jack Graham's Songs "We'll Fight for Yankee Doodle" and "Where the Cherry Blos- soms Bloom,'' s'ories and the city's Christmas greeting. Tliere were many things you couldn't see. Those seven-pound boxes were boxes of lii\i' and cartons of longing. They held pride — ami prayers. The first thing to catch the recipent's atteii tion would be the city's greeting. Its warm heartedness must have seemed like a handclasp across the distance — the handclasp of a friend! "San Jose bids her soldier boys, wherever they may be, a Merry Christmas. We would like to have you think of San Jose not as a collection of houses and stores, a mere hive of busy people, but as a living personality \vhose heart warms to you who have left home to defend our beloved countiy in this time of danger. We would convey to you a bright rellection of our Christmas cheer. We miss you from our firesides and amid the rejoicing of the holiday season we are at once sad and proud that you are absent. We call upon you the blessing of Him in whose name the Christnms feast is spread. Christ was born to bring peace and goodwill unto all the world. You have given yourselves to the sanu' cause; for peace and good will cannot thrive in the same world with Kaiser- ism. As on Christmas day your thoughts turn lovingly toward home, our hearts' best wishes go forth to you. Thomas H. Reed, City Manager of San Jose. ' ' It is small wonder that there were many more boxes than originally jilanned. One day a letter reached the committee — a letter that Vvent straight to tender hearts with its appeal. "Hear Friend: — I wonder if our boy's name could be included in your list for a Christmas box .' lie volunteered the weidv after the war broke out. We hojie our boy will not be over-looked as we are too poor to send anything ourselves. William was attending high school and we had great hopes of some day having his assistance to carry us along through life. He was just 21 when he enlisted. I cannot say at this time just where he is locati'il. His grandfather fought in the civil W:ir and when war w,as declared William wanted to follow his grandfather's example. As I have stateil before we can do very little toward sending him a ('liristmas gift, but 1 can bake and send him a piece of mother 's cake. Will you please let me know if you can include my boy with the rest of the San Jose boys'?" Bless the dear nu)tlier 's heart! William had a beautiful bo.x — lovelier because it was all s|>riM kled with tears. William belonged to us, too. He was the sou of evi'rv member of that big- hearted committee. That Christmas Cheer idea that started in the heart of Eleanor Brown grew till it reached all thi'ough the army and navy and found every lonely home-town boy even if the only address to start 'with was "Cod's ( !rusader — Somewhere!" THIRD LIBERTY LOAN In preparation for the Third Liberty Loan Covernor Lynch of the l.Sth Federal reserve dis- trict called a meeting at the Palace Hotel in San Francisco of the active workers in all the western states. The committee from San Jose consisted of J. D. Kuster, W. S. Clayton, Victor LaMotte, A. B. Post, W. C. Bailey, John Brooke. Mr. Lynch asked each group to nominate its own chairman to be confirmed by Secretary McAdoo and Dr. W. C. Bailey was maile chairman for Santa Clara county as John D. Kuster declined to serve again. Keturning home the committee started active work for the ;!rd Liberty Loan campaign. By this time it had become apparent that loan drives were liable to continue and so at the first meeting early in February at lunch at O 'Brien 's about twenty nu>n being present and it was unanimously decided that a permanent organization should be formed to continue duiing the war. It was a memorable meeting for its ileliberations brought into being the Santa Clara County War Work Council with an organization that reacheil into every city and hamlet and farthest school district in the county. The citizens of Camjibell under J. C. Ainsley had already perfected a working organization modeled after the women 's mobilized army and this plan became the outline which was followed and de- veloped into the War Work Council. Dr. Jas. B. Bullitt helped materially in gathering together the leaders in the country districts and the organiza- tion perfected for the Third Liberty Loan later became the Santa Clara County War Work Council and was made permanent at a luncheon at the Montgomery Hotel with Dr. W. C. Bailey, chair- man and A. I), ('urtuer, secretary. No mere recital of results tell the story of the tremendous effoit put into the preliminary organization cam- paign. The cliait gotten out liy the Third Liberty Loan committee served as a model for many other county and state organizations and those returning from Washington, D. C. told of seeing this jdan on the walls of secretary McAdoo 's office. Dr. Bullitt, Judge P. F. Gosbey, Joe Brooks of the chamber of commerce, a chorus of normal scdiool girls 4(l-voices-strong, and numbers of pat- riotic citizens c.anied out an educational campaign that covered the county. No meeting ended in discouragement or giving up. Districts were visited and revisited until the proper spirit of I'nthusiasm awakened every loyal citizen of Santa Clara county to the needs of permanent organi- zation. War Work Council headquarters opened Feb- ruary 8, 1918, at r,:'. South First street. From that day until the end to us witli a sense of reality aiul responsibility thai gripped hearts and steadieil determination. Part of the preliminary educational Liberty Loan work consisted of securing war j>ledges of the whatso- ever kind. Every member of the War Work Coun- cil took such a pledge. Howell T). Melvin visited all lodges and fraternal organizations and found men everywhere ready and willing to pledge tlieni- selves to "the last man and the last dollar.'' Melvin secured these patriotic, pledges with till- able assistance of Joseph Hancock, Judge P. F. (iosbey, S. G. Tompkins, Arthur M. Free and Alexander Sherriffs, s)ieakers of powerful ciMi\ir tioii. Daniel .1. Flannery 's speakers' coniiuitfee icui sisteil of the indefatigable Dan, chairman; A. V. Sluibert, Victor Challen, Arthnr C'nrtner and Judge Urban A. Sontheimer. This committee had a large and never ending responsibility and carried ii creditably to the euil of the war. We listeneil •with thrills of horror to returned soldiers; wi> cheered patriotic utterances to the echo; we laughed wlien laughter was due; we nodted to tears during recitals of the suffering of women and children overseas. Speaker followed speaker, entertainers were always eagerly willing to help every cause — and few of ns knew that the sway ing of ovir impulses au