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 FIRST GERMAN BOOK. 
 
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 Dr. JF\ AJtxn- 
 
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 NEW YORK: 
 
 E. Steig e r 
 
 1872. 
 
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J LIBRARY OF C0NGRESS.5 
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 i UNITED STATES OP AMERICA. f 
 
pi 
 
 THE 
 
 FIRST GERMAN BOOK. 
 
 By 
 
 Dr. F. ^Lbm. 
 
 
 -ooG^Qcxa- 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 
 E. Steiger. 
 
 1872. 
 
TT-r 
 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 This First Book for the study of German presents the first elements 
 of the language in such a way as to be learned and taught most easily and 
 successfully. It has been modelled in accordance with the requirements of 
 the Superintendent of Public Schools of New York City, and is designed for 
 the two lowest grades. 
 
 Ahn's Second German Book, similarly prepared, is a sequel to the 
 First German Book; the two as a whole form a volume entitled Ahn's 
 Rudiments op the German Language, being the sixteenth edition much 
 improved and enlarged of that popular book. 
 
 The following are among the commendable features of this publication: 
 
 1. The introduction of large sized Script letters expressly cut for the 
 purpose of showing their true formation so unmistakably as to make reading 
 and copying them a matter of no difficulty. 
 
 2. The pronunciation of German is explained accurately, clearly, simply; 
 all the words given in illustration have their meaning attached, and are 
 therefore acquired intelligently. The sound and the sense being learned by 
 a single effort, the mind becomes stored with a multitude of German words; 
 and this is not all, for these words as well as those throughout the reading 
 exercises are selected for practical application from the stock in every day use. 
 
 3. Many exercises are in a neat, legible German Script, in order to 
 drill the pupil in German chirography. 
 
 4. Negative and Interrogative sentences are also freely interspersed. 
 Great care has been bestowed upon judiciously framing questions and an- 
 swers, as they are known to tend materially to the speedy speaking of a lan- 
 guage; and a novel way of couching them has been introduced, which can 
 hardly fail to interest the pupil, while it brings his faculties into play. 
 
 In conclusion, the Editor confidently relies on this book rewarding all 
 his labors by rendering the study of German attractive as an accomplish- 
 ment, valuable as an auxiliary to the full comprehension of English gram- 
 mar, or most advantageous, now that a knowledge of German is becoming 
 so wide-spread, on the score of general utility. 
 New York, August 1872. 
 
 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, by 
 
 E. S t e i g e r , 
 
 in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 
 E. Steiger, New York, 
 Printer and Electrotyper. 
 
Fie st Pakt. 
 
 The Alphabet. 
 
 The German Alphabet is composed of the following twenty- 
 six letters: 
 
 Name: 
 
 a 91 " «* & ah 
 
 a A 
 
 h 33 /^ bay 
 
 b B 
 
 C (£ * .=^1 tsay 
 
 c C 
 
 b 2) */>^ 
 
 d D 
 
 e @ 
 
 e E 
 
 day 
 
 a 7 
 
 f 8? 
 
 f F 
 
 Name: 
 
 ef 
 
 g ® ^ & gay 
 
 ? w 
 
 I 3 
 
 hali 
 
 ee 
 
 J? >*' -^ 
 
 
2 — 
 
 Name: 
 
 I St J (^T kah 
 
 k K 
 
 1 8 S J%..A 
 
 1 L 
 
 m Wl ^ tW em 
 
 m M 
 
 tt 9t *, ^P en 
 
 n N 
 
 D > #* o 
 
 o O 
 
 J ?/ J^ pay 
 
 q iD « ^ koo 
 
 Name: 
 
 ess 
 
 s S / 
 
 t % y & tay 
 
 t T 
 u U 
 
 00 
 
 S) B ^ C^ 7 fow(fou) 
 
 v V 
 
 tt) 28 ^ ^^ vay 
 
 w W 
 
 IX 
 
 r $1 „ 
 
 r R 
 
 err 
 
 
 9 c) ! 5^ -^^ ypseelon 
 
 tset 
 
 Simple vowels are: a, e, t, o, tt, (9), 
 Modified or softened vowels : d, o, tt, 
 Diphthongs, or compound sounds: ait, ei, cm, cm, ai. 
 
 All other letters are consonants. 
 
— 3 
 
 Pronunciation. 
 
 it U 
 
 i like i in bit ) or ee in beer. 
 
 n and m have the same sounds as n and m in English. 
 
 tt like OO in roof. 
 
tn 
 
 urn 
 
 about 
 
 4 — 
 
 nimm 
 
 take 
 
 mm 
 
 now 
 
 Observation: Vowels preceding double consonants are short. 
 
 r 91 
 
 E 
 
 b 2) 
 
 d D 
 
 e like in £/ieir or bed, or like €i in sleigh. 
 
 fc at the beginning of a syllable like the English cf, at the end 
 
 almost like t. 
 t has a more forcible utterance than in English. 
 
 er ber hi rntr nab runb bumm 
 
 he 
 
 the 
 
 thou 
 
 only 
 
 and 
 
 round 
 
 stupid 
 
 bemt Sftunb 9tinb ffibnranb 
 
 for 
 
 mouth 
 
 cattle 
 
 Edmund 
 
is 
 
 1K -J^^^^^^^fi^ 
 
 Obs. : 1. All nouns, common as well as proper, and words used 
 as nouns begin with a capital letter. 
 2. In final syllables c is very short, and must be pro- 
 nounced softly: 
 
 re ben ir ben nen nen tmmer dnbt 
 
 to speak 
 
 earthen 
 
 always 
 
 end 
 
 ©r be Sfteb ner 9?u ber mm titer ten nen 
 
 earth 
 
 speaker 
 
 -sS-st 
 
 *■&&■&.■&- 
 
 to run 
 
 ^S^^S^Vi*;^ 
 
 3. £> 
 
 o O 
 
 ^t? 
 
 a % 
 
 a A 
 
 ' like O in not or stone. 
 a like a in hard, father. 
 
 an ba man arm ober orb nen an ber 
 
 at there one poor or to put in order other 
 
 2)orn SJconb fftanb 9corb $ab I ber 
 
 thorn moon edge north wheel vein 
 
9k me farmer bann bar urn bonnern 
 
 name marble then therefore to thunder 
 
 Wm Mam SJcorb %nna Wlaxia 
 
 arm man murder Ann Mary 
 
 Smnta (Sbuarb SJcinna 3ba 
 
 Emma Edward Minna Ida 
 
 4. » as ^%? 
 
 v 
 
 ttJ SB ^tt? 
 
 t> sounds like the English T. 
 
 tt> is pronounced almost like the English V. 
 
 *>on tw m tt)enn tt)cmn warm 
 
 of before where if when warm 
 
 weber wcmbern SBinb SBanb SBunber 
 
 neither to wander wind wall wonder 
 
 warnen wen ben tixtrnm SBunbe (£»a 
 
 to warn to turn why wound Eve 
 

 b, I, f have the same sounds as b, I, f in English; b, at the 
 end of a word, is pronounced almost likei*. 
 
 Bin oBen after Bin ben toe Ben $8ab 
 
 am above but to bind to weave bath 
 
 S3oben 33rob 23anb 33trne SftaBe 
 
 ground bread ribbon pear raven 
 
 ah fceben fcrennen 33unb Snmtten 
 
 off to tremble to burn league well 
 
 *-■&*■ ■€&■'&&&<■ 
 
 1*<-1&**-&&lV-&& 
 
 
 &**&&*****■ 
 
— S — 
 
 kUn (ertten t>oII alk St lie Soft 
 
 to live to learn full all lily praise 
 
 Scmtm £eber Sail Ian. ben molten Site 
 
 lamb leather ball to land woolen ell 
 
 S3r'u ber £a ben mat 
 
 brother store times ' 
 
 -£/;/.<**sa*^- ^d^-zC^-fr &</*-6%>'£-/:- c^i**///^^ 
 
 fern fallen of fen rufen ioerfen fttlb 
 
 far to fall open to call to throw field 
 
 ftaxU geber $lamme £)fen SBolf 
 
 color pen flame stove wolf 
 
 fin ben for been gaben gefl Sorm jReffe 
 
 to find to ask thread skin form nephew 
 
 fromm fremb SBaffe flint mem ftlux 
 
 pions strange weapon to glitter hall 
 
 linb Sin me £>orf %allt 9feM 
 
 evening flower village trap fog 
 
 finb wig 31 ma lie ©mi lie fUtU lifer 
 
 Lewis Amelia Emily vine shore 
 
 
 
9 — 
 
 t X 
 
 t T 
 
 p and t haye the same sounds as p and t in English. 
 
 $cttme Jhtttter ^>e.ter $uppe $appe( 
 
 palm powder Peter doll poplar 
 
 $fcmtte $ferb $funb 2)ampf $rofce 
 
 pan horse pound steam proof 
 
 spumpe Spfeffer Styfet Cippe Campe 
 
 purup pepper apple lip lamp 
 
 u£>ir-&i&&< y^</^^<^ j/^^^^i>^- J£^-?> 
 
 ■ttififiz.tfc 
 
 toff treffett 6m ten ret ten nett Xabd 
 
 mad to hit to roast to save neat blame 
 
 Xannt £ob fiuft SSa ter Gutter Xm 
 
 fir death air father mother tone 
 
10 
 
 tre ten fatten Xxommd SBetter 5tn ton 
 
 to step to beg drum weather Anthony 
 
 tap fer Strep pe Strop fen SEtttpe matt 
 
 brave stairs drop tulip wea"k 
 
 h is aspirated, like h in the English word hold. After a vowel 
 or at, Iris not pronounced, but indicates that the syllable 
 i3 long, pi) is pronounced like f. 
 
 fetf fato fart ^of fen £afer £>atm 
 
 clear half . hard to hope oats stalk 
 
 £>irt £>tmmel £>of Winter ftnaB 
 
 shepherd heaven yard behind down 
 
 fatten funbert £anb £>emb Hermann 
 
 to hold 
 
 hundred 
 
 hand 
 
 shirt 
 
 Herman 
 
 yyy^yy^ &?■ y o? * y^y 
 
 yy^-C-^ y r'yy-&-?^ ^^^</ y ^z^/s ^yj^/^y 
 
 y yyy y X y 
 
 rofj frof rtttjen ^opl tafm toatjr 
 
 rufo glad to rest hollow lame true 
 
— 11 — 
 
 mefjr £)$r Utjx Uvfym tttf Z^at 
 
 more ear watch glory red valley 
 
 Zljuxm £()or Muty fflaty X$at Stfatl) 
 
 tower gate courage advice deed wire 
 
 SBerty PftVfo %M$ tyn mty ofne 
 
 value Philip Adolphus him well without 
 
 breljeit efrett marten Sftdjm SEfjon 
 
 to turn to honor to grind cream clay 
 
 %%a lev %fy re fe 28i( Ijet mi ite 
 
 dollar 
 
 Theresa 
 
 Wilhelmina 
 
 w 7 y 
 
 
— 12 — 
 
 a like a in care, late. 
 o almost like H in murder, shutter. 
 
 u has no corresponding sound in English; it is pronounced 
 like the French if. 
 
 an bent dl) nctti Xoty ten fat len net ^en 
 
 to change to look like to choose to fell to sew 
 
 ndljren ndljern 2lefyre $5ixx SBdrme 
 
 to nourish to approach ear bear warmth 
 
 SBdr ter %$xa ne £drm £p ter fydft 
 
 waiter tear noise doer holds 
 
 obt Mo be tljijnern tyoren tootoen 
 
 desert dull earthen to hear to vault 
 
 offnen tob ten 9td6 re Soffel %W te 
 
 to open to kill pipe spoon flute 
 
 fritter £)e( |j6fje Berber Wlbxtd 
 
 janitor oil height murderer % cement 
 
 it fox fur fritlj fitnf bitnn fitfj len 
 
 over for early five thin to feel 
 
 mitbe fttflen UeM %lutl)t m$k 
 
 tired to fill evil blossom mill 
 
 mihx Sp* Wu$t £fitfe #fitte 
 
 miller door trouble help cottage 
 
 md tycn W$ prit fen SMjne 9fttoe 
 
 to mow bad to examine mane turnip 
 
 " J "^ 
 
 ■t2£r&£-&>i&-X<-i&*- 4<>Z2'-t?&^&'/&?<Z- ■&£'&&^>A<'&-if<& 
 
 K 
 
— 13 — 
 
 f has a somewhat softer sound than the English s. 
 3 is used at the end of words, and of parts of compound 
 words. 
 
 fo fefyr fet ten fa en fefjen @ofyn ©enf 
 
 so very rare to sow to see son mustard 
 
 ©ilBer te fen taf fen effen ftriffen 3nfe( 
 
 silver to read to let to eat to know island 
 
 Be fen 9*ofe ©opfie SQaffer S^effer 
 
 broom rose Sophia water knife 
 
 £ctffe fanft fen ben U fe Sonne ©uppe 
 
 cup soft to send bad sun soup 
 
 SJcorfer ©Ufafcety §>ateBanb Slug gang 
 
 mortar Elizabeth 
 
 necklace 
 
 exit 
 
 CanbSmann es ba§ Ms ti>a8 aU %tU 
 
 countryman it the till what than rock 
 
 7£^-&*S- 
 
 
 ar^^S^-TSB 
 
— 14 — 
 
 q £} 
 
 £ sounds like the English k; cf replaces double k. 
 q, always followed by u, sounds like qu in quire, 
 
 loft flor ttyl Wop fen fan* $or!3 $ofe 
 
 cold clear cool to knock can basket cheese 
 
 Stotf ^dr per Stty Sttftt Stint ®naU 
 
 head body cow throat child boy 
 
 $nopf $ro ne Iron! ben fen trin fen £>onf 
 
 button crown sick to think to drink thanks 
 
 SBinl asotf SBoife tforl 2Jtorft 33irfe 
 
 hint people cloud cork market birch 
 
 bid fed fooder troden Mden we den 
 
 thick plucky brave dry to bend to awake 
 
15 
 
 @0(f 23acfer SDetfet quer quttt qua fen 
 
 bag baker * lid across quit to torture 
 
 qua fen fle quem Duel le Dual Duit te 
 
 to croak convenient spring torment quince 
 
 Dualrn £}uart queHen $orn $upfer 
 
 smoke quart to spring forth corn copper 
 
 ©rft (fe £a cfe mt Sanf 
 
 bridge hoe lime ' bench 
 
 C^-&-&t--&^/f &Z- 
 
 &£■&'£. ■■£- /* 
 
 *^-€&&-<Z J^t^^-^S^ 
 
 to 
 
 sch 
 
 Sch 
 
— 16 
 
 sp 
 
 fd) sounds like the English sh. 
 
 ft and fp like St and sp in English, at the beginning of a 
 word approaching the sound sht and slip. 
 
 fdjctrf fd)5n fd)limm fdjmctl fcfyneff f(^tt>cr 
 
 sharp beautiful bad narrow quick heavy 
 
 fdjtofit <Sd)iff ©cfyulj <2djfaf <Sd)na6e( 
 
 sultry ship shoe sleep bill 
 
 ©djjrift <Sdjtt>an ©cfyttert frifcfy faljjft 
 
 writing swan sword fresh false 
 
 P&fdj SEtfdj Sufdj $rofdj SWenf^ 2Bunf^ 
 
 pretty table bush frog man wish 
 
 glafdje ityitfdj* <2d)af <2d)itte Slfdje 
 
 bottle coach sheep school ashes 
 
 fajt gejlern 90 £ifre Jtfifie 23itrfte 
 
 almost yesterday branch chest coast brush 
 
 (Sd)ttefter fieri ftutnm {ttljkn ftritfen 
 
 sister strong dumb to steal . to knit 
 
 @ta|t ©tern ©totf <3ttafl ©trunrpf 
 
 steel star stick ray stocking 
 
 ©trofj foften fte^en jfrafen ©front 
 
 straw to cost to stand to punish stream 
 
— 11 
 
 foffler ©fitff fiafl fiuft fr&t (Sped 
 
 cushion chair burden pleasure late bacon 
 
 ^£-*^&7<t- 
 
 £-&^^*'&-i>^ 
 
 
 12. 
 
 ch 
 
 c£ in the middle, and ty at the end of a word, differ in 
 sound. For the correct pronunciation the pupil must 
 refer to his teacher, as there is no corresponding sound 
 in English. 
 
 id) mid) nid)t htrd) redjt fd)led)t .toetdjer 
 
 I me not through right 
 
 bad 
 
 svhich 
 
 foremen furd)ten M\i6) ®M$t ^jpjft 
 
 to speak to fear milk servant duty 
 
 Sftid) ter M dje £er dje 9)Mb djett ttadj 
 
 judge kitchen lark girl after 
 
 nod) f)od) madjen fodjen fudjen S3ad) 
 
 still high to make to cook to seek brook 
 
 Xufy Madjen 3?ad)t 2Bod)e Xotyttx 
 
 cloth 
 
 boat 
 
 night 
 
 week 
 
 daughter 
 
d)S or <£f is pronounced like x when those consonants belong 
 to the root or radical syllable. 
 
 fecf)3 ttadjfen SBacfyg &udjs £><$$ 53«^ 
 
 six to grow wax fox ox book 
 
 la djen ^rucfyt $urd)t 8fa$3 Sftt djarb 
 
 to laugh fruit fear flax Richard 
 
 
 13. Q © 
 
 G 
 
 8, at the beginning of a word, sounds like the English g in 
 good; between two vowels, and at the end of a syllable, 
 the sound is generally like ify, only much softened. 
 
 gut gefi> grim glcttt grol> ©akl ©elb 
 
 good yellow green smooth coarse fork money 
 
 ©arte @tae ©fotfe gegen trage SBeg 
 
 goose glass bell against idle way 
 
 reg nen 23erg gift get $6 nig £o nig 
 
 to rain mountain wing king honey 
 
— 19 — 
 
 fa gen ge nug fra gen $flug 9?a get 
 
 to say enough to ask plough nail 
 
 Slag $o gel 9tog gen Stag ge SOcagb 
 
 day bird rye flag servant-girl 
 
 tt$ sounds like ng in ring. The pronunciation is the same, 
 when ng is followed by a vowel, like the English sing-er, 
 not like fln-ger or an-ger. 
 
 eng fain gen ftn gen Sing 9ftng ©aft 
 
 narrow to bring to sing thing ring guest 
 
 ginger fdjfagen ©uftat) ©djfoager 
 
 finger to strike Gustavus brother-in-law 
 
 14. 
 
 # is either preceded by a long vowel and has the sound of the 
 English ss, or is used instead of f$ at the end of a word, 
 and of ff before t. 
 
 grop fitp gup ©trape bap nap Hap 
 
 great sweet foot street that wet pale 
 
20 
 
 nut castle bite river certain keg 
 
— 21 — 
 
 l is pronounced like y in you. 
 
 I sounds like Is; $ replaces double g. 
 
 J sounds like 3*. 
 
 jet jeber jung 3ft Qw <3faW& 3al)r 
 
 yes every young hunter Jacob year 
 
 3oI)ann 3o|anna -Softy!) -Sugenb 
 
 John Jane Joseph youth 
 
 -Suttel ju jcrtjm jeljn jttolf jtoi fdjett 
 
 jewel to, too tame ten twelve between 
 
 tooth Francis Frances toe sugar 
 
 3o ferine 3ofl 3«ft0C 3iwmer fuvj 
 
 Josephine inch tongue room short 
 
 black proud twenty plant wood 
 
 ©djmerj jefct fefcen gri£ jRefc Sftfc 
 
 pain now to place Fred net lightning 
 
 ®a& Julius 3utie ftrt jenev 3pm 
 
 cat Julius Julia ax that anger 
 
 $fy ten ft fcett fttofc 3ftng ling <2d)ak 
 
 to count to sit place youth treasure 
 
 -T 9'yy ?-/■ 
 
 // yy y y 
 
 ^&^*<^-&ii> ■?£■£&■ 
 
i6. 
 
 an 
 
 cy 
 
 cm 
 
 ai 
 
 // 
 
 ex 
 
 eu 
 
 ex 
 
 All diphthongs are long. 
 cm is pronounced like OH in house, out. 
 an and eu sound almost like oy in boy. 
 
 ai is pronounced by drawing the sounds of a and i quickly 
 together. 
 
 au$ ctuf cmdj great fctau rau$ taut 
 
 blue rough 
 
 upon 
 
 also 
 
 gray 
 
 loud 
 
 ftxau X$au £>cw6 ©traup SBaum 3am 
 
 woman dew house nosegay tree fence 
 
 <5t<ro& 2tuge %uauft traumen SMuBev 
 
 dust eye Augustus to dream robber 
 
fdjSunten beutfdj $reu£ie SDeutfdjfonb 
 
 to foam German Prussian Germany 
 
 nett eud) ncun tmt tijtit er eu cr f ettt 
 
 new you nine faithful dear your to-day 
 
 £>eu gfreunb gfeuer gfreube @d)eune 
 
 barn 
 
 hay friend tire joy 
 
 SM £>cmt SJtouer (sulc 3^ug ntf 
 
 May grove wall owl testimony 
 
 
 &?■/«£■ ^■fr/^^'Z-^ 
 
 - / 
 
 &■&&*/ 
 
 17. 
 
 et 
 
 tc 
 
 ct sounds like t in side. 
 
 it sounds like ie in field, ee in deer. 
 
 em $tt>et bret netn tttcin bem fetn fret 
 
 one two three no my thy his free 
 
 Rein tt>ett fcreit xtify letdjt (Si $rei3 
 
 small 
 
 wide 
 
 broad 
 
 rich 
 
 circle 
 
 (Ste 23eil 3eit SBcin B^eig 3^etfe( 
 
 branch 
 
 doubt 
 
— 24 — 
 
 SEefdj tfleib (£icf)e bie ttrie nie jjiel 
 
 pond dress oak the how never much 
 
 »tcr ftekn ttef toieber frieren He gen 
 
 four seven deep again to freeze to lie 
 
 Me djen file |en 2)teb Stater ©tie fcl 
 
 to creep to flee thief animal boot 
 
 $nie tfrieg 23iev ©piet 2)tenjt Stttene 
 
 knee war beer play service face 
 
 23iene 3tege tt>eid) Mbe fennel ben 
 
 bee goat soft both to cut 
 
 23rief SBiege SDceile |)einrt(| <Seife 
 
 letter cradle . mile Henry soap 
 
 griebrid) fie ^te Ben i>erfd)ieben mdjen 
 
 Frederick she to draw different to reach 
 
 tie djen Steb 9let$ $£ei fe 2Bei fe SBie fe 
 
 to smell song rice travel manner meadow 
 
 is. aa ^CZ^Z^ 
 
 ee 
 
 ^<0^0>^ 
 
00 
 
 aa, cc, 00 sound like n, e, o, and are always long. 
 
 tyaav &aax <&acd <Saat leer ©cfjnee 
 
 pair hair hall crop empty snow 
 
 Stht See re <2ee (e Seet Wat Soot 
 
 clover berry soul bed eel boat 
 
 Wloox (See Stteer 2ttoo$ §>eer <Staar 
 
 moor lake sea moss army starling 
 
 J?? ' -&t 
 
 -&Z-t?&A<- Ztz-^h-c 
 
 <= ^?£-&-&-#l-&- C/& ■&&'£ <y {/£-&■& 
 
 
 o 
 
 19 9 U 
 
 c £ 
 
 c C 
 
 >^ 
 
26 — 
 
 ch Ch 
 
 /^£^^^ ( in words derived from 
 
 ^ foreign languages. ) 
 
 9 is pronounced like i, 
 
 fy rifdj §9 a ne tyty xa mi be §^m ne 
 
 lyric hyena pyramid hymn 
 
 c Is pronounced like % before d, c, t, o, t), and like f before 
 a, o, u, or a consonant. 
 
 Se ber Si fter ne Si tro ne So le fti ne 
 
 cedar 
 
 lemon 
 
 Celestine 
 
 Gtypreffe ©apttcrf Cucta Som|>of 
 
 cypress capital Lucy compass 
 
 <$> is pronounced before d, e, t, i) like cf> in id), before other 
 vowels or consonants, in general, like k. In words 
 derived from the French it sounds almost like sh. 
 
 Sf)e mie (S|i ritrg &f a raf ter Sf)e rub 
 
 chemistry surgeon character cherub 
 
 (Dacota be Gnjor (Shrift S^am^ag ner 
 
 chocolate • chorus Christian champagne 
 
— 27 
 
 In words derived from foreign languages, the syllable tt, when 
 followed by a vowel, is generally pronounced like %i. 
 
 9k tt on Kite tt on (£9 tin ber Sec tt on 
 
 nation auction cylinder lesson 
 
 $or ti on $a ti ent He ti e 
 
 portion patient share 
 
 ^<-6&^>Z.^j^& 
 
 1Z4--&--PJZ--&- 
 
 •^^C^C'^^^^e. 
 
 yy 
 
 y 
 
 tff&&&&m 
 
 
 ^■&&<Z^'&&& 
 
 ^■-z^m<tm<- 
 
 ^-&-&&*7&1&£<> 
 
 yy X^ 7 
 
 
 j^^-^^-gy^^s 
 
 yy yy ' y y y- 9?- ■ 
 y y y / 
 
— 28 — 
 
 Miscellaneous Exercises. 
 
 ■aaa — -aaaaa>- 
 
 aaa-aaa^aa*a<- — . '/<t-a<aa^a 
 
 ^^/-^ ai^-aa^a* 
 
 /AAA ^a> /.<■&-* 
 
 A^A A-^^A C A- 
 
 A-AAt^A^AA^A 
 
 <y c^-ca^a' (^Z^aaaa^t — «=^s>5^i) 
 
 A^-AA AA- A AAA AA 
 
 •*A*-/f'SS AAATAA- 
 
 A<A<AA AAO-t^H-A-AAA 
 
 Ct7 a 
 
 —/.A-t^A-AA^ 
 
 t&A-AA^ 
 
 r s-AA^ : AAAA' 
 
 P 9? ; y 
 
 AAA^ < ^rt5/ / ^CaH^K 
 
 ^ A^A-AAA ''' jA^AA-&AAA<- f/^A&Ah 
 
 £/{/> C^AA-<0<^AA-Ai< j^AA-A< 
 
 ' A^Z AA AAAA 
 
 *A< AAAA^&AA AA 
 
 A* ■& ^jZ/AAA ^A~&A< 
 
 /^~t^-<Z&AAA 
 
 9?2^-*A<<Z A<- 
 
 A^AAAA^/r A< A^ 
 
 t C^AA^-O <l/^YZ£^ 
 
 /C^AA'f-'A&A&A* 
 
 A^ A'<A^AtAA 
 
 ■■&&<AAA*Ae- 
 
 
•"2 
 
 ^ y ^ y /r~ / c/7. y 
 
 
 ^ r ^^^<^ j /^ 
 
 
 &-£^7^-/&-&Z- 
 
 -?<*?&?>£&? 
 
 ~&&& ■&£ -7&-&-Z-& 
 
30 
 
 
 ■&%-%<-t?6'yz &■&■%<■ 
 
 v-rtt&t-s-/-?'/ 
 
 -^<^-'A<^t^-^^'/A ■£%■?>? -7 
 
 ^■ZC-C-tZZ^ 
 
 £r-&&Z-^*%£- 
 
 y Z S 
 
 ■%<■&& -4C/-&- 
 
 /I* 
 
 
 V* 
 
 
 
 ^-/A&t-'/Z- 
 
 f^^^/ArZ-A* 
 
 
 ^c^ 
 
 Cjf!/ <t/</i?6i&A 
 
 ■f.y^-f-&--6&'i 
 
 £<&6&^*<m& 
 
 
 
 /y 
 
 
 ?,<-&&■&?<£-& 
 
 ■T'/X- ■&&Z-&t'&- 
 
 
 
— 31 — 
 
 SECOND PART. 
 
 Practical Exercises. 
 I. 
 
 ber i&&&c (masc.) bte ,&£& (fern.) bciS *&^i-t> (neuter.) 
 
 the the the 
 
 ber Setter &£** /&Z&&&** bte 2ftutter ^ 
 
 the father the mother 
 
 ba$ £tnb ^^^y <^Q****/ ber 33cmm ^W; J^^**^* 
 
 the child the tree 
 
 ber ©arten ^ (C^^**.^** bte @tabt W^ ^v^^^z 
 
 the garden /^^ the city 
 
 ba$ §au§ ^^-tr y^^^y unb *J^*/ 
 
 the house z/' and 
 
 Obs. : l. Iii German all nouns commence with a capital letter. 
 
 2. The German language has three genders of nouns: 
 the masculine, feminine and neuter gender. 
 
 3. The article ber, bte, bct£, the, is called the definite 
 article. 
 
 4. If au article is required, it has to be repeated before 
 two or more consecutive nouns, especially when 
 they are of different gender. 
 
 £>er 23ater unb bte Gutter, S)te (Stabt unb ber 
 ©arteiu 3)a§ f)cmS, bte (Stabi £)er iBaum unb ber 
 ©arten, ®er Setter, bte Gutter unb bag $mb* 
 
32 
 
 ber (Soljit ^** 
 
 the son 
 
 bie geber &£& 
 
 the pen 
 
 
 the daughter 
 
 ba§ papier ^^r ^C^ 
 
 the paper 
 
 
 ^^>^^^?5* 
 
 the book ss the table 
 
 ba§ SSKeffer &£*^ ^y£^^/&^ bie ©abe( ^^ ^t»i£&'£ 
 
 the knife 
 
 the fork 
 
 ^^st^^: 
 
 iud)t 5^^^ _ 
 
 not /^ 
 
 Obs. : In some of the following exercises the definite article 
 is to be omitted. Example: 33ater unb gutter — father 
 and mother. 
 
 3)er (Soljn unb bie Softer* 2)a3 Sfteffer, uidfjt bie 
 ©afiet £ie £yebcr, bag papier unb bag 33ud), @o()n unb 
 $atei\ Gutter unb Zodjtex. 5)cr ©arten, nicfjt ber 
 S3aum unb nicrjt bag §au^ £tfdf), SDZeffcr unb ©aoeL 
 3)ag papier, ni(f)t bie gtber. 3)te ^eber unb bag 2D?effer, 
 
 ber Maim ^^ 
 
 the man 
 
 bie gran ^^ 
 
 the woman 
 
 bct§ ^3fcrb &£&iy y^y^-^c^y ber §imb =^w* Jg^W^**^ 
 
 the horse / ./ the dog >^^ 
 
 bie ^al3C 
 
 the cat 
 
 Sftamt, f^rau unb $inb. 2>er Mann unb bie S^rau, 
 nttf)t ber (gofnt unb bie Softer. £er |)unb, bie $a£e unb 
 
33 
 
 ba§ spferb, ffllann unb spfcrb. ®inb unb fl a£e, £>a3 
 3pau3, nidjt ber ©arten* gtber unb papier* 2>er ©arten 
 unb ber Sauut. 
 
 ber SBogef ^w^ 
 
 the bird 
 
 bad @d)IoJ3 ^itV'6 6^, 
 the castle 
 
 SKautt unb gfrau, uid)t 33tuber unb ©djroefter. 2)a3 
 ©djloft ober baS |)au$,. ober ba$ 2)orf unb btc ©tabt 
 SDer SBogel unb btc Shtme. Sic Strait nub ber ©o(ju» 
 33aum, ©artcn, ©djfojs unb |)au§. 2)te ^rau ober bie 
 Softer* Ser 23auut unb ber SJogcL 2)a8 papier, utcljt 
 \m§ 33udj. 
 
 The father and the mother, the son and the 
 daughter. The dog, not the cat, the bird, not the 
 horse. The pen and the knife. The pen, not the 
 knife. The book and the child. The child and the 
 mother. Man and woman, brother and sister. 
 Tillage and castle, house and garden. The tree, 
 not the bird. The castle or the city. The son and 
 the book. Horse, dog or cat. 
 
34 
 
 etit ■&■*&* (mam.) cine <*m^&. (fern.) etn i&*&* (neuter.) 
 
 a, an a, an a, an 
 
 Obs. : cut, cine, cut, a, an, is called the indefinite article. 
 
 ©in better mtb cine SWutter. ©in ^3ferb unb cin $aM. 
 ©in ffllarm unb cut *)3ferb. ©in <3cfy(o§, ntdfjt ein §)au$. 
 ©in ©tub mtb cine $a£e. ©in 2)orf, ein £)an3 nnb cine 
 ©tabt. ©in 25nd) ober eine ^eber. ©me grew nnb eine 
 £od)ter. ©in 23oc]et, cin ®amn, ein ©artem ©in papier, 
 eine geber. ©in £iftf), cin SSReffer nnb cine ©abet 
 
 7. 
 
 ©in iBocjet nnb eine 33tume. ©in S)orf nnb eine 
 ©tabt. ©inc gebcr nnb ein papier, ©in 23nd) nnb ein 
 SKeffer* 3)er 35ater nnb ba$ ®mb. ©in 3Ttfcf> nnb cin 
 £>au$. Socfjtcr nnb ©c^meftcr. ©in ©o§n, ein 33rnber, 
 ein better, ©in $ferb, cin §unb ober eine $a£e. 
 
 8. 
 
 A man and a woman. A cat and a dog. A 
 horse and a bird. A city or a village. A father 
 and a child. A mother and a daughter. A knife, 
 a paper and a pen. A book and a flower. A table 
 and a pen. A brother and a sister. A son and a 
 daughter. A garden and a house, and a castle, not 
 a city. A fork, not a knife. 
 
 ntctn &&*<&■***■ meutc j*^^*?^^ incut &■&*■#'■?*& 
 
 my my my 
 
 bctii &£?^m bcute &w&m^& bein ^^^ 
 
 your (tfry) your (thy) .your (thy) 
 
— 35 
 
 Dttfcf &£*<. t^^^zLc ber greimb ^^^ i^/,<-&^Zh**/ 
 
 ba- 
 the unci, 
 
 bte Stante 5 
 
 the aunt 
 
 baS ®faS *^ 
 
 the glass 
 
 the friend 
 
 btegfafdjc ^d^ 
 
 the bottle 
 
 e&i? ba3 SSaffer ^ 
 
 the water 
 
 bie <Stcibt 
 
 the town 
 
 2ftem Snfet mtb utetne Saute. SOteitt ©fa$ itnb utetne 
 ?Jlafc^e. 2)eut 3Satet ober betne Sftutter. 2)ctu iBruber 
 ober betne ©$ defter. 3Keiit ©oljit unb utetne Softer. 
 !>Dtou SJudj unb utetne gtber. 2>etn ©arten unb betu 
 §au§. Sftetu ^reuub unb bent ^remtb. SSWetne SBlunte 
 unb betne Sluntc. ffllthx 3Keffer unb betu SCReffer. Sftetne 
 ©tabt, ittdfjt betu £>orf. SDeth ®fa$ ober betne glafcf)e. 
 
 10. 
 
 i - / ■ " / 
 
 lUl|Cr xxx*//*.x.<- VOX] CYC ■xxxx<A^A<'f^ \\\\\CY -xxxx^/xx^ 
 
 our / our ,/ our 
 
 your 
 
 your 
 
 your 
 
 unfcr Batcr ^^2W* A^&^fr** itnfere gutter ****^*#c<* 
 
 ■ our father ^/ our mother ,/ 
 
 imfer §au§ *4^^>**« s&-t&*£y 
 
 £/ C-'XX<£<SX77i-e- 
 
 
 btinS&atiVset**** '/Z^&<£^<- cuer 33ater **** 
 
 your father 
 
 your father 
 
betne SDfrttter **£*^& <y^£^<£/&*<- cuere gutter &****xi£ 
 
 your mother your mother 
 
 &/yc-**-^&4*n* beta ipaiiv *£■***■ J^^gs*^-*? cucr 
 
 your Hous a /s your 
 
 house ;^^ 
 
 Obs. : bent, beine, beat, is generally translated by your, when 
 referring to one person. It is, in the following exer- 
 cises, marked your CO, to distinguish it from euer, euere, 
 cueiy your , which refers to several persons. 
 
 Unfer SSatet unb uufere Sftitttcr. Unfer 23ruber unb 
 mtfere ©djtoefter. ©iter Ontd unb euere Saute* (Euer 
 ©of;n unb euere Sodjter. Unfer §)unb, uufere $a£e unb 
 unfer *)3fcrb. Uufere ©tabt nub unfer £)au$. Unfer ©lag 
 nub uufere ^(afc^e. Unfer $inb unb euer $inb. Unfer 
 33itdj ober euer 23ud). Uufere gtber obcr euere 8?eber. 
 Unfer ©arteu unb euer ©artetu Suer §a*eunb nub unfer 
 ^reunb. Qhter 3pau3 ober unfer ©djlofj. (Suer |)aug, 
 utdjt unfer §5au& 
 
 II. 
 
 The uncle and the aunt. The bottle or the 
 glass. The bottle and the water. My father and 
 my mother. Our brother, and not our sister. Our 
 garden and our house. Your town and our village. 
 My horse, my cat, and your 013 dog. Town and 
 castle. Our town and our castle. The brother and 
 the sister. My book and my pen. Your son or 
 your daughter. My friend and your Cl) friend. My 
 glass and my bottle. Your dog and your cat. Your 
 friend, not my friend. 
 
— 37 
 
 12. 
 
 btcfer ^ 
 
 this 
 
 biefer Setter 
 
 this rather / 
 
 I &s£-&.<£»rtc. s4^&&<Z^& 
 
 />? <£■■&'&■%*■ 
 
 MefeS ®i 
 
 this child 
 
 SMefer better, btefe 9Kutter unb btefe$ fimb, 3)tefer 
 ©ctrteu, btefe ©tabt imb btefeS £)an& 3)iefe3 S)orf unb 
 otefeS ©djlofj, 2)iefe$ ©ta3 imb btefe ^lafdje, btefer 
 2ftauu ober btefe gfrau. SMcfe Sfeber, btefe§ SQZeffer unb 
 btefer papier, ©iefer £mub, btefe $a£e, btefeS ^Jferb* 
 2)tefeS 3Keffer ober btefe ©abeL Stfefer 33amn, nicfjt btefeS 
 «pau3 ober btefeS ©djtoft. S)tefer £tfdj, btefe ^tafdje unb 
 btefeS SBaffer. StefeS 33ud) unb btefe gtber* 
 
 13. 
 
 This horse and this clog. This dog and this cat. 
 This bottle and this water. This brother and this 
 sister. This son, this daughter. This paper and 
 this pen. This castle and this house. This father 
 and this child. This knife and .this table. This bird 
 and this cat. This man or this woman. This town 
 or this village. 
 
 14. 
 
 ait 
 
 old 
 
 
 nev>- 
 
 gut 
 
 goo< 
 
 lit -£2~* 
 ood^ 
 
 faithful 
 
 
 tired g^-eat, large, tall yf 
 
 /? 
 
— 38 — 
 
 ^t^C'it? 
 
 ■'v? 
 
 Item -s^W*^ fdjim ^^.^^f. 
 
 little, small, short , beautiful, fine //? 
 
 useful y/ /s diligent 
 
 @ar( <=*/^&^£ ^outfc «^>z>^^ 
 
 Charles Louisa 
 
 2)er $ater ift alt. 3)ie Gutter ift jung, 2)a3 23udj 
 ift ueu. 3)er Oarten ift crroft. 2)te ©tabt ift fleitu 
 3)a$ §)au3 ift fcf)ou. 3)er £unb ift treu. 2)aS ^3ferb 
 ift uui^lid). (Sart ift flciftig. Soutfe ift mitbe. S)er 
 $ogel ift Jfettt. 3Me Finnic ift fdjou. £aS ©orf ift 
 groj}. 9)ictu Citlcl ift frauf. Seine Saute ift miibe, 
 Uufer £ifc() ift neu. 3)ie gtber ift fletu. Qmer papier 
 ift gut 2)iefe3 SKcffcr ift fdjon, 2)iefe3 $au$ ift :teu 
 uub fcfjon. 
 
 15. 
 
 My father is old. My mother is young. Our 
 garden is small. Our town is large. Your horse is 
 beautiful. Your dog is faithful. My bird is small. 
 My son is ill. My daughter is diligent. Our table 
 is new. Your pen is good. This book is useful. 
 Your Cl) uncle is tall. Your a:) aunt is short. My 
 brother is tired. Charles is my brother. Louisa is 
 my sister. Our father is tired and sick. 
 
 16. 
 
 vtid) &*7&?z?^£ &rut -&£&<-&?*■ fin* 
 
 poor for 
 
 z^s-z*- 
 
 Uufer iBater ift uidjt alt. Uufere Sftutter ift frauf. 
 Cmer Onfel ift uidjt reid). Qmere Saute ift ntdjt arm. 
 
SWritt ©ruber ift Hem. 2#eine ©djtoefier ift grog. SDtefeS 
 
 £auS tft nidfjt neu. 2)iefe fflfome ift ntdjt ftfjon. (Sari ift 
 
 ntdjt f(ei§ig. £ouife ift ntdjt mitbe. ©ein SKeffer ift gut. 
 
 SDcfaic fteber ift ntdjt gut. Sttein Dnfel ift feant 3Keme 
 
 Zante ift ntdjt frcmf. S)iefer SSogcI ift fiir (Sari SMefe 
 ©(tune ift fiir ?omfe. 
 
 17. 
 
 9D?em ©ater uub meiue Gutter ftnb frant 2ttein 
 SSntber uub uteiu'e (Sc^roefter finb ntitbe. 9Kein 33ud) uub 
 meiue fjeber ftnb gut. Gate* §unb ift treu. (Sin |)unb 
 uub ein ^3ferb ftnb nufcfidj. S)etn SBoget unb beine ©fume 
 finb fdjou. Unfer 5>orf uub uufer ©rf)foj$ ftnb Hem; 
 SMefer Sftcmn unb biefe ^rau finb alt. Unfer ©ruber 
 unb unfere ©djtoefter finb jung. SMefe f^eber unb biefeS 
 papier finb gut. Unfer £)uM uub unfere £cmte finb 
 reidj. (Suer ©oljit uub euere Softer finb fleijHg. 
 
 18. 
 
 The man is not old. The woman is not young. 
 The uncle is rich. The aunt is not poor. This bird 
 is not beautiful. This flower is fine. My brother 
 is short. My sister is tall. My child is not ill. 
 Your brother is not diligent. This dog is not faithful. 
 Charles is not my brother. Louisa is not my sister. 
 This knife is new and useful. Our uncle and aunt 
 are not young. My brother and sister are not ill. 
 Charles and Louisa are not diligent. This horse 
 and this dog are useful. This bird and this flower 
 
— 40 — 
 
 are for Charles. Your tree is large and our tree 
 is small. This paper and this pen are for Louisa. 
 
 19. 
 
 I« 
 
 no 
 
 arttcj &h&* 
 
 good, gentle 
 
 giticftidj 
 
 happy 
 
 Oft bctn »ater feanl? 2Wein «ater ift Irani £>er 
 £mnb ift treu, -unb ba3 *Pferb ift nitfcltd). -3ft biefer fntub 
 treu? 3ft biefeS ^Jferb nufcttdfj? 3ft gari fleijHg? 3ft 
 &>utfe utdjt artig? 3ft biefe ©tabt grog? 3ft btefeS 
 ®orf Kent? 3ft bag ©djfog Won? 3ft ener Dntet 
 reidj? 3ft unfer ©arten ntdjt fdjon? 3a, er ift fcr)i3n f 
 tnein ©ofjn. 3ft btefe Qa*att nid)t gtMftdj? <2ie ift Iran! 
 unb miibe. 3ft biefer SDtann tttctjt treu? 9Zcui tueitte 
 2^ocf)ter, cr ift utdjt treit 
 
 20. 
 
 ber Sirgt *^w* 
 
 the physician 
 
 bie SDfatab 5*=^* 
 
 the servant-girl 
 
 O^n^^ ©ctnricf) sty-*******?: 
 
 Henry ^^ 
 S Emily ^ 
 
 §err J?^?*^ mem .©err *^^^ J^i; 
 
 gentleman z^' Sir 
 
 I}ter ift i/*^& -?^z ha ift ^^ ** 
 
 here is ^?^ ^/ there is 
 
 3ft ^ehtricr) bein SJruber nnb (gmiiie beine ©djroefter ? 
 Sa, tnein §err, §>einrid) ift tnein SBruber nnb (Smtfie ift 
 ntcine ©d)ruefter. Siefer |)err ift unfer Strgt* SDiefe $rau 
 
 where 
 
— 41- — 
 
 ift lmferc Wacfi. (Sari ift mem ©oljtu £ouife ift mete 
 Stouter ? * £)ier ift euer Dteffer unb euere geber. 3)a tft 
 bettt 23ud) nttb bein papier. 2Bo tft mem Ottlel unb 
 uteine SEante? @te ftub ha, mem $ater, 2Bo tft bag 
 ©lag unb bie fjlafdje ? $ier ift ba$ ®ia§ unb ba ift bie 
 glafd)e. So ift ber iBoget unb bie Sutme ? 3ft $euaidj 
 ntitbe ? ^etnridj! ift nic^t mitbe, ntein §)err* 
 
 * The teacher will here point out that in certain cases the singular verb 
 is used in German, where the plural is used in English. 
 
 21. 
 
 Is your Cl) brother ill? No, mother, he is not ill, 
 
 he is happy. Is your physician old ? Yes, Sir, he is 
 old and poor. Is your servant-girl faithful ? Is my 
 garden large ? Is your house small ? Our house is 
 large and our garden is small. Is this gentleman 
 your uncle ? Where is my knife ? Where is my 
 glass? Here is your (i:) knife and there is your (1) 
 glass. Is Henry not diligent? Is Emily not good? 
 Is Charles your 03 brother? Is Louisa your Cl) sister? 
 Yes, Sir ; Charles is my brother and Louisa is my 
 sister. 
 
 tft er (fie, e3)? 
 
 is he (she, it)? 
 
 *&y . — f)ter ift jt£&** *^£ 
 
 ^/ here is ^r / 
 
iff liter? * 
 
 is here ? 
 
 ba tft 
 
 there is 
 
 '^ && . ■ ber Dteffe 
 
 the nephew 
 
 tft ba ? 
 
 is there? 
 
 bie 9?td)te 
 
 the niece 
 
 jg^tf* <yC^<i^%£&- 
 
 gay 
 
 ^-^-fr^-fr^. 
 
 always 
 
 Od) Bin jttfrieben. ®u Bift ntdjt immer gufrteben. 
 (Sari tft immer mimter. Soutfe ift ntdjt immer ftetfttg. 
 36) Bin bein 33ruber. S)u Bift meiue ©djroefter* £)einrid) 
 ift imfcr ^rettnb. Sin id) gtitcfftdj ? Sin id} ntdjt gro£ ? 
 Sift bn Iran!? Sift bit md)t artig? Oft Emitte nid)t 
 gufricbcn ? Oft btefer 3perr ein 9Xr^t ? 3a f biefer £)err ift 
 ein Sbgt Oft gmtUc enere Sttagb? Stteut, fie ift md)t 
 itnfere 2Ragb* Oft btefe^ ©djfofe ntdjt fdjon? Oa, bag 
 ©djtofj nnb ber ©arten ftnb fdjon nnb grog* Sift bn mem 
 grennb, §)einridj? Oa, tdj Bin bein greunb. 
 
 * Oft nnfer ©n!e( arm ober reidj? He is poor and 
 sick. 3ft bein Stteffe fletfjig? He is diligent arid 
 happy. Oft enere IDtfdjte jitng? She is young, and 
 always gay and contented. Sift bn reid)? I am 
 poor and contented. Sin id) nidjt immer fteiftig?. 
 Yes, my son; and you are always very gay. Oft 
 bie 9Kagb fjier ? Xo, father ; she is always sick. Oft 
 bag Stub grofj ober Item ? It is very small, mother. 
 
 * In harmony with the plan of these exercises, the interrogatory form 
 of sentences, so conducive to the ready acquisition of a language, should 
 henceforth be practised as often as time may permit or the teacher may 
 see fit. 
 
— 43 — 
 
 23. 
 
 I am poor. You are rich. I am your a:> son, 
 you are my father. Louisa is your Cl) daughter. 
 Henry is our friend. Are you contented, Charles ? 
 Yes, I am contented. Are you ill, Emily ? No, I 
 am not ill. You are not always diligent, Emily. 
 Are you tired ? No, I am not tired. My nephew 
 and niece are very young. Am I your Cl) friend, 
 Henry ? Yes, you are my friend. Am I not 
 happy ? Yes, you are very happy. 
 
 24. 
 
 tljeuer, lieb <^»^»^ / -z^s^s trailing -^^-tv**^*^ 
 
 dear s? sad ^s 
 
 after t^^f-^c- aud) -^t^^^^f fyter j^^m** ha . &4%, 
 
 but also /? here^^ there 
 
 ©er ©artcn ift nid^t grog, after er ift fel)r fdjon. S)te 
 fetabt ift fdjon, after fie ift fe^r Hem. ©a$ $an$ ift alt; eS 
 ift nid)t nen, 2rtem $ater ift Iran!; er ift fet)r tranrtg, 
 3ft betne Gutter and) fran!? Hftetn, fte ift rttdtjt Irani 
 3ft btefer £mtb tren? 3a, er ift feljr treu, 3ft btefeS 
 93udj md)t fdjon ? da, e3 ift fdjon, after e3 ift xtict)t 
 nii^Uct)* S)tefe§ $3nd) ift tljener* 
 
 2Bo ift Sari? He is here, mother. 2Bo ift Smtlte, 
 feine <2d)tt>efter? She is also here. 3ft euer 23annt 
 grog ? Yes, my daughter, the tree is large ; but 
 it is also beautiful. 3ft mem $mb Irani? No, 
 
— 44 — 
 
 dear mother, the child is very gay and not sad. 
 3ft euer ^}3ferb mitbe? Yes, our horse is tired; but 
 it is not sick. 2Bo tft er? He is there. 
 
 25- 
 
 Is Henry your a) brother? Yes, he is my 
 brother. Is Louisa your a:) sister ? No, she is not my 
 sister. Is this man poor ? Yes, he is very poor. 
 Is this woman ill ? No, she is not ill. Is not our 
 dog faithful ? Yes, dear father, he is very faithful, 
 but he is not beautiful. Is not this village small ? 
 Yes, it is very small. Is not your garden large ? 
 No, Sir ; it is not very large. 
 
 Is this flower not beautiful ? 3a f btefe 23htme tft 
 feljr fcfyon. Is my book not useful? Sa f eg tft fe§r 
 nit^(td). Where is your Cl) brother ? G?r ift I)ter* And 
 your Cl) sister ? (Sic. ift Iran! uub traurig. 
 
 26- 
 
 ttur finb. ^^-^ 4****/ ifjr fetb (Sie finb) ^ 
 
 we are / you are 
 
 fie finb ^r*^***/ \\§& ^-&*j£ 
 
 they aie/ / still ^f 
 
 Obs. : You are, when referring to one person, bit btft, will here- 
 after be marked: youO) are. 
 
 In addressing even one individual, in a polite manner, 
 @ie is used in German. Ex.: @mb <Sie frcmf, niein 
 §>err? Are you sick, Sir? Qfyx is used in addressing 
 several persons. Ex. : (Jijr fetb arttg, metne $htber, you 
 are gentle, my children. 
 
— 45 — 
 
 (Stub roir reid) ober arm ? SStr finb ntdjt reid), ©eib 
 ifjr fleif$ig ? 3a, meine Sautter, fotr finb feljr ftet^tg. ©ittb 
 betn $ater nnb beine Sautter alt ? Stet, fie finb nod) jnng. 
 ©tub ber ©arten nnb ba$ 3pan§ gro£? 3a, feljr gro§ + 
 ©tub roir artig, Sftntter ? 3a, il)r feib feljr arttg. ©tub 
 (Sari nnb £onife In'er? ^etn, fie finb ttidjt Ijier. SDtefcr 
 Sftann nnb biefe ^ran finb feljr arm. 2Bo ift mein 33udj ? 
 nnb meine (Jeber? §ier ift bent 33nd) nnb ba ift and] 
 beine fjeber. 
 
 27. 
 
 We are happy. We are not sad. You are 
 contented, but you are not always diligent. My 
 father and mother are still young. Your uncle and 
 aunt are very rich. This man and this woman are 
 not poor. Henry and Charles are very diligent. 
 Louisa and Emily are ill. This horse and this dog 
 are useful. There are my book and knife. Are 
 they good ? No, they are not good. 
 
 28. 
 
 ©eib iljr jufrteben? Yes, we are contented and 
 happy. 2£o ift nnfer SDorf ? Here is our village, and 
 there is the city, ©inb roir reid) ober arm? I am 
 poor and you are rich. 2Bo ift ber §nnb nnb roo ift bie 
 $a§e? Here is the dog and there is the cat. 3ft 
 beine Sfttdjtc tranrig? Yes, my uncle, she is very sad, 
 but not sick. 3ft biefe 23mme fiir Smtfte nnb biefer 
 SBoget fiir |)einrid) ? The flower and the bird are for 
 the child." 
 
 * These colloquial sentences can of course be multiplied indefinitely. 
 
46 — 
 
 29. 
 
 <r/<£f£rt- &€~&&<C/-?&P' . 
 
 '■? 
 
 € id 
 
 fii&mni and na/i/ii^ 
 
 ■&?^i^^& . 
 
 ■Z^Z-'/Z-??^ 
 
 ^ tfJed. mij- neide id tiled. ,J0 
 
 dU***S jL***</^ oM ; it td yay. 
 d^>t^ ?j%£ &>/**■** /*. 
 
 id fiebe. 
 
 /e/thei 
 
 ijcfA> l net ccnte7ited ; Tpnauied? s/c******, 
 
 ■^■7^ >&-&&&■ ■&-&&Z-&&Z'm,Z < - ■&■**■ 
 
 tZZ-^T.^'Z?- ■&?■■&*-* ^^,<-€^-*^-^' . 
 
 <7 
 
 <% uoul elca /aimmf/ 2*a 
 
 odle mid man and 
 
 
 
 awman net neei ? 
 
 (yz-&yt~&-%- 
 
 ^Z^-fro^ -&&&&&<■ &<£-7&y^ 
 
 &<-&%■&? ■&■/*> ■% 
 
 
— 47 
 
 30. 
 
 id) lobe, I praise lobe idj? do I praise? 
 
 bit lob (c) ft, (thou praisest) (ob(e)ft bit? (dost thou praise?) 
 
 you CO praise do you CO praise ? 
 
 er (fie, e§) (ob(e)i, he (she, it) Iob(e)t er (fie, c8) ? does he (she, 
 
 praises it) praise? 
 
 loir tobeti, we praise lobcu ftur ? do we praise? 
 
 ifyr Iob(e)i, you praise (ob(e)t tljr? do you praise ? 
 
 fie lobcn, they praise loben fie? do they praise ? 
 
 This is the Present tense of the verb t o b c it , to praise, con- 
 jugated affirmatively and interrogatively. Particular attention 
 must be paid to the endings of the verb, printed here in full- 
 faced type. The e in the endings eft, et is generally dropped, 
 as: id} lobe, bu lobft; but it is retained whenever euphony re- 
 quires it, especially after ft, t, tl), $; thus: id) rebe, I speak; bu 
 rebeft, thou speakest. 
 
 Practice in the same way the following: 
 Id) (erne ^^r ^^^^^^ id} faufe ^ 
 
 I learn ^ I buy 
 
 id) toettte 
 
 I weep 
 
 id) fpiele 
 
 I play 
 
 ;*s*^ ■&&2-7&^X^7& id) t)CVfCXUfC s^-2^ ?227&7?c 
 
 I sell ^f 
 
 id) itctfje ^-^/Z ^tzz^iv. 
 
 I sew //^ 
 
 ^2^-^^ bar ficutfmottn ^^ (^Zl-tv* 
 
 ber ©djiiler *^&* 
 
 the scholar 
 
 ber f nabe ; 
 
 the boy 
 
 why? 
 
 the merchant 
 
 3d) lente, £ernft bu cmdj ? SD'er $ater lauft Sag 
 Sinb toeuti Gutter unb Softer raeinen* 3ft ber (Skitter 
 
— 48 — 
 
 ftetfjtg? Gmt $ctufmamt lauft unb berfauft* !Dtone Gutter 
 nub nteine ©d)toefter ftttb ftei^ig; fie ridijm. fomt ber 
 ©pier? 9Wtt, er fpielt ©pieft ber $nafte? 3a, ber 
 $nak fptrit ©piett heme ©djtoefter and) ? Stem, nteine 
 ©d^toefter ift traurtg; fie toeutt SBarunt toeint fie? 2)te 
 Gutter ift fer)r Irani 
 
 31. 
 
 jcncr 
 
 that 
 
 
 ■■ Id) tt>or)ne ^^"^sb^-z^SU** ber Sanbtttann 
 
 I reside, // yy the farmer 
 
 I live 
 
 ■&4&*<- «=»<^^^^5g<^ 
 
 ^f^-^^^f-^^- tit 5f;Z<* 
 
 SDtorte 
 
 Mary 
 
 . 2Bcr ftotft? 2Horie ttopft. 331i^t eg? 9cein, e3 
 regnei ^31itt)t ber 33aunt? 3ener iBaum Blit^t* S)er 
 Sanbutamt pfXiigt* So noolntt bein Cnfet? 2fteht Dnfet 
 tooljnt in ^ttabefyljta. S)er ®aufmamt ift ntein ^remtb. 
 SBoljut jener |)err in Sfteto 2)orl? 9?ettt f er toolkit in 
 partem. SWetn ^rewtb, fctft bn traurig? 3a, mein Bater 
 unb nteine Sautter ftttb Irani -3ene§ §)au§ ift gro§* Qtw$ 
 $iub ift tneine ©djtoefter* 
 
— 49 — 
 
 32. 
 
 Is not that boy your Cl) friend? That man and 
 that woman are happy. Where does yonr Cl) friend 
 reside? He resides in Elmira. Does it rain ? No, 
 Sir, it lightens. Does thy sister play ? No, she 
 weeps. Thy father is cmr friend. Is this child thy 
 brother ? No, Charles is my brother. That boy is 
 my friend; he is very diligent. 
 
 38. 
 
 id) ftubtre &*/£ ^%CJ^£^/* td) ^eidjne *^£ ^^*w^ 
 
 I study y/ / I draw s? ^7 /? 
 
 id) cmttDortc * 
 
 I answer 
 
 id) gefyordje * 
 
 I obey 
 
 SJDeutfdj Sl-^&r^ 
 
 German 
 
 bct§ ®cXb & 
 
 the calf 
 
 SBtr tcrnen SDentfcf)* 9ftein grout b lemt cmd) S)eutfd),. 
 3)a3 9ftabd)en lernt grcut^oftfd)* Sir cmttnorteiu Sftetne 
 Gutter Betet* Sarteft bu? Sftarie unb (£art geljordjen 
 imnter* daxt unb £ouife ftubtren 3)eutfd) unb fVran^oftfd^. 
 3eit^neft bu? ©te $uf) ift grojj, ba3 $atf> ift Hem. 3)u 
 Btft utdjt nxeiu Sreunb* §tn ^reunb ift treu* 2Bo ift ber 
 §)unb? |)ter ift ber |)uub, unb ba ift bie $a§e. 
 
 34. 
 
 Mother and child pray. Dost thou wait ? Do 
 jou^ wait ? The boy studies. Charles studies and 
 
— 50 — 
 
 Mary plays. Does the farmer plow? Do you a) 
 pray? Where is my pen? Here is a pen; there 
 is a knife. Charles and Mary learn French. Do 
 'you learn German? We learn German, but not 
 French. Thy sister studies, that boy plays. 
 
 35. 
 
 id) lernc \\i<fyt, I clo not learn 
 
 bu tent (e) ft nidji, (thou dost not learn) you CO do not learn 
 
 er (fie, e$) (ern(c)i* nicfyt, he (she, it) does not learn 
 
 ttnr (enten m$t, we do not learn 
 
 il)r (crn(e)t ttt$i, you do not learn 
 
 fie lent en nic^t, they do not learn. 
 
 Conjugate thus the following: 
 
 id) c\ia\\]c ^*^r ^^W^^?^ 
 
 I glitter XX ^ 
 
 '" <£&&&& icf) atrjine ^^/^-^^^/a uh inittfye 
 
 s? I breathe /? /? I rage 
 
 id) trimmer 
 
 I dream 
 
 id) (ad)c 
 
 I laugh 
 
 ber (Sturm & 
 
 tlie storm 
 
 Sftctrte ncir)t ntdjt, fte ftnelt 2)er $nctk fernt md}t, er 
 iad}L 3)er (Sturm trjiitl)et 23ir atlmten, bag £l)ter at^met 
 cmdj* 3Me (Sonne unb ber Sftonb glcm^etu (Earl unb 
 
— 51 — 
 
 Btcmj frttf)ftitcfen; (Emtlte fritrjftitcft ntdjt; fie tft fe^r fccmi 
 ©tubtrt ber ©critter? 9?ein, er ftubirt nidjt, er ftnelt 
 SBiefeS Sljter tft grog* S^etne Softer iseint ntrf)t, fie fodfjt; 
 fte tft ferjmtmtter* SReut ^rcunb ift attest mutter fletfjtg* 
 Sty tranme feljr oft; traumft bu and), Gmtttte? Stein, id) 
 traume me. 
 
 36. 
 
 much 
 
 grtebrid) t^^^^&£<*?^z 
 
 Frederick ^^ 
 
 This child is not very diligent. My friend never 
 dreams. Charles does not study. He never studies. 
 Mary does not sew, she plays. Francis does not 
 answer. Thy brother does not laugh. That flower 
 does not bloom. My sister does not obey. My 
 friend Frederick never weeps. This merchant does 
 not sell; he buys. Does it rain ? The scholar is not 
 very diligent, and he does not study very much. 
 Do you learn German? We do not learn German, 
 we learn French. 
 
 37. 
 
 jf fout /C&^c ber gnrg 
 
 idle, lazy / the river 
 
 ber s 2tpfelbaum *£*c 
 
 the apple-tree 
 
 because 
 
 Does your friend reside here? -Rein, er ftoljnt 
 tttdjt r)ter, er tuoljnt in ^rombence. Does it rain? 9cein, 
 
— 52 — 
 
 mem |)err, e§ fdjnett. Do you dream ? 3d) trciume 
 me* Here is a river. $a; unb btefer Qflufj tft feljr ttef. 
 Does the apple-tree bloom ? llftem, ber 2fyfet6aum Miirjt 
 md)t, after bie Sterne butfyi* Stegnet e$, (Sari? No, it 
 .does not rain, it snows. SBarum raarteft bu, SJKaric ? 
 I wait because it rains. Where is thy sister? ©ie 
 tft ntdjt Ijter, fie fritrjftucft SDettt Sruber lernt ntdjt; er ift 
 feljr fcutL Yes, he plays too much. 
 
 38. 
 
 terne id) nt$t? do I not learn? 
 
 (ern(c)ft bu nifyt? (dost thou not learn) do youW not learn? 
 
 Iern(c)t er nid)t? does he (she, it) not learn? 
 
 ternen rotr ntdjt? do we not learn ? 
 
 lern(c)t il)r nicf)t? do you not learn? 
 
 lernen fie rtd)t? 4o they not learn ? 
 
 Practice in the same way the following: 
 
 id) enciMc * 
 I tell 
 
 ^&i^c& id) fjijre ^^j£&&& 
 S Ihear ^^ 
 
 id)fage ^ 
 I say ^ 
 
 id) fcfjre *^r <&&^j« 
 
 I teach /^ ^^ 
 
 id) rcbe 5 
 
 I speak 
 
 id) etle : . 
 
 I hasten >^ 
 
 bcr £ag ^^ 
 
 the day 
 
 bte ©ttrabe & 
 
 the hour 
 
 roof) I ^^--^ 
 
 well 
 
 bie 9fatdjt 
 
 the night 
 
 ber £ef)rer *At*< 
 
 the teacher 
 
 rtatih'ttd) ^^&^^^<£^&^ 
 
 of course /^ 
 
 *=*2^£**&?i<- 
 
— 53 — 
 
 SDtefer ffllann tft tttd)t ^ufrteben, f)orft bu ttidjt, metrt 
 (Solut? SBarunt lernft bu tttdjt? ©exit 23ruber tft fe^r 
 ftetfjtg; bu Bift mdjt tmmer fleifjtg* 3d) Biu feanf, tnetn 
 $ater, ©c^r tt)oI)l; aBer toariim rebeft bu ntdjt? But id) 
 md)t betn 35ater unb beut gfreunb? Sefjren ttur ober lernen 
 totr? SftatMtd), fcrir ternetu S)er Setter Ie§rt, ber @ cottier 
 lerttt. SBarum geljordjft bn ntdjt? fflltin gfremtb tft fc^r 
 flct§tg; er ftubtrt Sag uub 3?ad(ji (Sageu toh md)t? 
 (Srgaljtt ii§r ntdjt? 3)er Sag uub bte Sfto^i Sag uub 
 ©tuube. Saturn etfft bu? ftriHjjlitdjl bu ttidjt fu'er ? 
 
 39. 
 
 This apple-tree is very fine. Are you Cl) tired ? 
 Art thou sick ? Is he not diligent ? Is the garden 
 not very fine ? This house is very small. Why do 
 you not study? I am very sick, Sir. That knife is 
 very beautiful, and not very dear. Where is your a:) 
 sister ? She is not here* she is sick. Why do you 
 not answer ? My cousin never answers. Are you Cl} 
 not my friend ? Is this flower for Louisa ? Does 
 your father live here? He does not live here. We 
 do not play, we study. 
 
 40. 
 
 id) fra^e -^r ^^t^</^-^ ba§ ^Better &£& 
 
 I scratch yy / // the weather 
 
 fdjledjt ^C^y^Z 
 l)eute ^&4* 
 
 to-day ^7 
 
— 54 — 
 
 Where is your brother? @r ift utdjt ^ter; er tft 
 fe^r Irani, Is Mr. Thomson in New York? Hftetit, 
 mem .pert, er tft ntdjt §ter f er tft jei^t in ^Baltimore, aBer er 
 toolntt in ©roof torn* 2Bo ift meine 5 eoer ? Here is your 
 pen, but it is very bad; it scratches. My pen does 
 not scratch. Why do you not play, Frederick? 
 Sets SBetter tft Ijeute ju fy\% Is Charles not your 
 friend? Sfteht, Sart tft ntd)t nnfer gramb, er tft fet)r faul; 
 er tent nie feme Slufgabe* 
 
 41. 
 
 id) ffage ^^^ j&tft&^i* id) plaubere **^ 
 
 I complain, I grumble x/ // I chat 
 
 isv***^**** id) arbeitc ^^r ^*«^*^ ber SJtourer 
 
 I work /^/ the mason 
 
 ^ rfyc~t&*^i#x< bcr gembmerfer ^^ ^-^^^ 
 
 -&7&i&&<'t^rt<- bie (Stimntc ^y^ ^v^/^/^/# ber 2Ba(b 5^^^ 
 
 the voice the forest 
 
 ^^^-2^^oa3 gelb ^^ ^~^^C^ tjeifer jt£^, 
 
 the field coarse ^^^ y^ 
 
 Odj fytefe, mem SBruber cirbeitei S)u rebeft git met 
 mem ^rennb; beine ©ttmrnc ift tjetfer, ©tefer 9ttann nnb 
 biefe ^ratt ftnb me jufrteben, fie llagen mutter. SSarutn 
 llogft bn immer? ©oJ SSetter ift fdjon, bie (Sonne gtangt, 
 unb 28oib, getb nnb @arten Blu^ett* ©a3 2Better ift l)ettte 
 fel)r fd)led)t; eS oti^t nnb e3 bonnert nnb ber Sturm ttmtfjet* 
 Oft biefer Sftcmtt ein f)anbtr>erler ? -3a, er ift ein SKaurer. 
 ©erne ©dfjtoefter naljt, afer fie ift titd^t feljr fletfjicj; fie 
 plaubert nnb tadjt jnuiet 
 
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