•ass. EiiS- Rmk .VT 2(^.5 the Prtebjteridn CUurcb, JAMAICA CENTENNIAL, JULY 4tli, 1876. ALSO, I^EOOHiLElOTIOlSrS OF ^CHiili 411 Silillil HI 1. HENRY ONDERDONK, Jr. JAMAICA, L. I. 1876. ■i-f The committee ftppointed to make arrange- I monta i'or the approacbiug cclebratiou of the I Fourth of July mct,purriu.iut to adjoin'iimout, as I a Oouimitteo of the Whole in the Town Hall on Friday evening last, and after due considera- tion the following reaolutiouy wave paysed. Ueiolved, That Henby OxuEnDOUK, Jr. Enq. he invited to leail a liistoi-ical paper upon events that occurred in and c^ar the vicinity of Jamai- ca, during the Itevolution. Also, That Hon. Kjciiakd Busteed and Rev. J. G, Van Slyke he I'equested to deliver orations. Also, That W. J. Ballaud be requested to se- lect one of the young ladies of the Public School to read the Declaration of Independence, aud to make arrangements for singing by the pupils of the Public School. _Also, That these exercises be held in the Town Hall, July 4th, 187G, commencing at 10 o'clock, A. M. and ending at 12 H., precis^'ly, when the audience will join in singing the Doxology. Also, That tue citizens be requested to deco- rate their houses dtrring the day with flags, &c. and illuminate them during the evening. Also, Upon motion Mr. C. H. Huntting was ap- pointed a committee to make arrangements for tiring one bunilred guns during the day. And upon motion Messrs T. P. Arohek, John Fi^^UKY and B. F. Evekett were appointed to make arrangements for a parade of the Fire De- partment'iu the evening. Adjourned to meet at the Town Hall on Wed- nesday evening, June 14th at 8 o'clock. A. A. Deokauw, Vhuiriiian. W. J. Ballard, Secreiarij. OLDEN TIMES. An Additonal Installment of Henry OnderdonkJ^s Unspoken Address on the Kevoiutionarv His- tory of Jamaica. "No Ttixntion VViihout Kcpro: ciitntioii "— The Meu Who Voted in 17^-5— 'liie Jatnaien illilitia and the Pay Koll in 177«— Some Very IntcrcNtiisg Facts. In printing Mr. Onderdonk's sketches of Eevolutionary Incidents at Jamaica, we omitted tlie introductory portion which shows how the patriots gradually drifted into open rebellion after their petitions had been spurned from the foot of the throne, j VIEWS OF OUE FOREFATHERS. When our forefathers first entered on the | Revolutionary struggle, they did not con- 1 jji template a separation from the British i Crown ; but merely desired the reform of j abuses and to resist the encroachments of Parliament and the Ministry on their rights and privileges. Theii- motto was "No tax- ation without Representation." But they advanced on step by stop, till at last there could be no return, and then, they went into open rebellion. No doubt some long headed statesmen saw from the first that this would be the final result. FIRST MOVEMENT IN JAMAICA. On the passage of the Bill in Parliament, shuttiNg up the port of Boston for throwing tea overboard, some persons in Jamaica as- sembled at the inn of Increase Carpenter, 2 miles east of the village, and after an interchange of oiDinions requested Othniel Smith, the constable, to warn the freehold- ers to a meeting at the Court House (where now is the Hall of Pharmacy), to take into consideration the state of public affairs. "^^ KESOLUTIONS ADOPTED. • The inhabitants of Jamaica met Dec. 6th, 1774, and resolved : 1. To maintaiu the just depcudeuce of tlie Colouies iipou the Crowu of Great Biitaiu, and to render true allegiance to King George III, 2. That it is our right to be taxed only by our o\^^l consent; and that taxes imposed on ns by Parlia- ment are an infringement of our rights. 3. We glory tq have been born subject to the Crown and excellent Constitution of Great Britain ; we are one people with our mother country, and lament the late unhappy disputes. 5. AVe sympathize with our brethren of Boston under their sufferings. 6. We approve the measures of the late General Congress at Philadelphia. T. We appoint for our Committee of correspond- ence and observation : Kev. Abm. Keteltas, Capt. Richard Betts, Waters Smith, Dr. John Inncs, Capt. Ephraim Bailey, Jos. Kobiusou, Capt. Jos. French, Elias Bailey, Wm. Ludlum. ^ Note —This meeting would have been held much sooner but for the refusal of Capt. Beuj. Whitehead Supervisor to show the townspeople the letter he had received from the Whig Committee of New X ork. Note.— Abm. Keteltas tho' a clergyman said that sooner than pay the duty oh tea as required by Par- liament he would shoulder his musket and tight. TRUE PREDICTION OF THE COMMITTEE. The Jamaica Committee met Jan. 19th, 1775, and after thanking the New. York delegates to the General Congiess for their important services, they say : " We joyfully anticipate the pleasure of seeing your names enwlled in the annals of America and transmitted to the latest generations as the friends and deliverers of your country, and of having your praises resounded from one end of this Continent to the other." PROTEST OF THE LOYALISTS. c'Ook.j Only 8 days after the Committee had thus endorsed the action of their dele- gates, 136 inhabitants of Jamaica signed a protest stating that "a f^w people of the town had taken on themeelves the name of a Committee. We never gave our assent thereto, as we disapprove of all unlawful meetings. Wo resolve to continue faith- ful subjects to His Majesty King George III our most gracious Sovereign." THE FIRST POLL LIST. 1775, Mar. 31st. — Friday being the day appointed for taking the sense of the free- holders of Jamaica on the expediency of choosing a deputy to the Provincial Con- gress at New York, a poll was opened at the Court House. The town refused by a majority of nine to send a deputy. NO COMMITTEE Adam Lawrence, Johannes Polliemus, Jos. Oklfielcl, Tunis Bargin, Chas. Ar4inir, John Lainuerson, John Smith, John Troup, Paul Aml)erman, Johannes Lott, Johannes Snedekcr, Jos. Golder, Abm. Djt.mars, Jacamiah Valuntiue, Wm. Cornell, Isaac Amberraau, Lucas Elderd, Sr. L3tt. Wm. VVellina:- Nich. Van Osdoll, Lucas Bergen, John Wigi^in?, Obi. Mills, Aury Ramson. John Williamson, Cor's Ben net, Nich. Jones, Samuel Dougtjty, Daniel llamsou, John Foster. ' Thomas Bells, John Beunet, John Doughty. Nathaniel Higbie, Rich. Belts, Capt. Tunis Covert, Nich. LambeiBOu, Simeon Lambersou, Wm. Petiit, Johanais Williamso!). Uba. llinchman, Jacob Bargiu, Nich. Lndium, Bernard us Ryder, Philiii) Piatt., Nath'l Mills, Jr. JohannisEldert, : — NO DErtJTT. Peter Noostrant, Garret Noostrant, Garret Dorland, Jr., Garret Borland, Sr., Jacob Lott, Nath'l Townsend, Garret Sr.edeker, Derrick Bargm, St. Clements, : Abm. Van Nostraut, Nath'l Mills, Jr., Matthias Lambersou, George Ryerson, John Ramsou, St. Higby, John Rimsou, Sr., Daniel Lawrence, Geo. Duiibar, Henry Iligby, Benj. Doughty, Wm. Walts, Wm. Golder, Tim. Cornell, John Van Liew, Jabes Woodruff, John Rowland, nope Mills, Benj. Whitehead, Nehemiah Carpenter, Rendrick Emmeus, Rem Ram son, John Biugiii, Dowe Ditmis, Evert Van Wickley, Wm. Thatfo'd, Anthony Ramsou, John Nostraud, Garret Lattiiig. Ludium Smith, Samuel Foster, Isaac Leffert, Rueloff Dur ea, Johannis Polhemus, Jo-'. French, Esq., A.V. Nostraud, John Watts, Jo9t Van Brunt— 94. ron A PEI'UTY— JOS. BOIUNSON. Capi. Anthony llut^'crs, S;imacl Mcsscn<:er, John SUidmoi-o, Jolin J. .skidmoie, Kobcrt Uiiicknian, Waters Smilh, VVqi. Luctluin, Ue/. Ai)n). Ketelta?, Jouss Frederick, \Vm. Steed, Joiiu Millo, Isaac Iiajiey, Increase Carpenter, ,I»bn t'ockic, Isaac lleudrickson, John Innos, Sr., lilias Bayley. Aaron lleudrickson, Kobe;t Denton, John Smith, Jacob Wright, Nich. Smith, Sr., Wm. Messenger, Nich. Evcrilt, I'eter Smith, John Brimncr, Daniel Ti'.thill, Jacjues JoluisoD, Nell. KveritI, Increase Carpenter, Jos. Iligljy, Andrew Ualdey, Moses Uigby, Jacob Foster, Daniel Lndlain, Sani'l riigby, cooper, Cor's Losec, Daniel Smith, Samuel Digby, Jr., Joiia. Thnrslon, Natli'l Smith, Epliraiin Tilarston, Othuie) Smith, Samuel Smith, Wm. Creed, Neh. Carpenter, John Skidmore, Jr., Thomas Denton, Benjamin Everitt, John Van Liew, llend'k Ilendrickson. Sr. Beuj. Creed, Dar.iel Everitt, John Brush, Isaac lloads, John Koads. Jonah Iloads, Hope Koads, Abm. Ilendrickson, Isaac Mills Nicn. Smith, Jr. Ben. Uinckman. David Lamberson, Nathaniel Box, Wm. Creed, Jr., Ephraini Bayley, llend'k Uendrickson,Jr. Oua. Smilh, NNliitehead Skidmore, Jacob Carpenter, Christoplier Hyder, Neh. Carpenter, Amos Dentoii, Joshna Carpenter, Samuel Skidmore, Richard Roads, Noali Smith, John Messenger, Daniel Bayley, Jos. Robinson, Wait Smilh, Thos. Wiggins, Jolin Smith, Jacob Duryea— S6 Jobn Thurston, Nr)TE The following persons, for some cause, did not vote, though they had signed the Troteet against a Committee : Geo. Fowler, Jos. Purinaii Robert Howell, John Hutchings, tjarret Murphy, • Mervin Perry, Samuel Simiuonp, Wm. Turner, Chas. and Sam'l Welling. Aury Bocruni, Jos."l>urIing, Geo. Bates, Abm. Colyer, Gilbert Combes, Potcr Caverly, Jacob and John Dean, Jos. Dunbar, Sr., John Grant, GOV. COLDEN AT JAMAICA. 1 775, May 18. — An address was presented Lt. Gov. Golden, at Jamaica, requesting him to intercede with Gen. Gage and the King to stop their violent measures. His reply was unsatisfactory, though given with tears. THE WHOLE COUNTY VOTE. The Whigs, on hearing the news of the battle of Lexington, decided to hold another Congress. Daniel Kissam was Chairman of a meeting held at Jamaica May 22, 1775, which elected ten deputies | W'the Provincial Congress. Jos. Eobinson and Jos. French were named for Jamaica, but French refused to serve. The Loyal- ists kept from the polls and let the elec- tion go^by default. NAMES OF COMMITTEEMEK. Elias Baylis Chairman; Amos Denton,! John Thurston, Jos. Eobinson, Noah Smith, Nath'l Tuthill. ., GUNPOWr-EE. I p 1775, Sep. 2nd. — Congress grant Joseph ' Robinson leave to receive 100 lbs. of gun powder for the use of the Jamaica militia, on his paying cash for it. GENEKAL ASSOCIATION. The GcDcrpJ Association was a test pajjcr. The signers pledged themselves to stand by each other in the great struggle for their rights and to support the Congress. DISARMING LOYALISTS. 1775, Sep. 16. — Congress having need of arms for the soldiers in Continental ser- vice, sent troops to Jamaica to impress them from those who refused to sign the General Association. Abm. Skinner, of Jamaica, reports to Congress that but few arms had been collected for want of a battalion of soldiers to intimidate the Loyalists. "The peoijle conceal all their arms of any value, many say they know nothing about Congress and don't care for their orders, and they will blow out any man's brains that would attempt to take their arms."* •Note. — Gov. Golden sent his servant aroinid to- sonie oC the leading people, advieina: them to arm and defend themselves, and not deliver up their arnis. JAMAICA MINUTE MEN. The subscribers have associated them- selves as "minute men" for the defence of American liberty, and eng-^ge to be obedient to the Congress. John Skidmore, Capt; Jacob Wright, Isfe Lt; Nich. Everet, 2nd Lt; Ephraim Mars- ton, ensign. Privates. Cornelius and Derick Amber- man; Isaac, Nehemiah, Daniel and John Baylis ; John Bremner ; Eichard and Eob- ert Betts ; William Cebra ; Peter Canile ; Benjamin and Nehemiah Everet; Samuel,. Joseph, Thomas and Daniel Higbie ; James Hinchman; Hendrick, Aaron and Abm- Hendrickson; John Innis ; William, Nehe- j luiah and Nathaniel Ludlum ; David and j Waters Lambertson ; Andrew Mills ; I Andrew Oakley ; Urias and Stephen Kider ; ' Hope, Richard and Nathaniel Rhodes ; Joseph Robinson, Richard, Nathaniel, ^Walter, John, Obadiah, Simeon, Sylvester, Nicholas and Benjamin Smith; Daniel Skidmore ; John and Wm. Stin ; Wm. and Benjamin Thurston; Thomas Wiggins; j Jesse Wilson. DEFENDERS OF LIBERTY. ' 1776, March 27.— A military company of 40 men associated themselves as defenders of liberty. Ephraim Baylis Captain; Increase Car- penter, 1st Lt.; Abm. Van.Osdoll, 2d L-t,; Othniel Smith, Ensign. PETITION^OF THE DISARMED. 1776. April 13.— Nath'l, Joshua, Samuel and Peter Mills, Jabez Woodruff, John Lamberson, Nich. Ludlum, Abm, Colyer, Jos. Oldfield ; John Remsen, Jacc/b Deam and Dirck Bergen complain to Congress that having been disarmed by Col. Heard* they have since been plundered of their cattle and effects (sold at vendue for half their value), by order of Capt. Bailey, for not appearing in arms (when they had none), nor answering to their names at a training. *NoTE.— At 3 different limes Amerieun Soldiers had marched into Jamaica, to disarm the Loyalists. DELINQUENTS ADVERTISED. 1770, June 13.— Capt. Ephraim Bayley publishes in a New York Paper that "Nich- olas Ludlum, Sr. and Jr., Jos. Oldfield, John Remsen, and Jabez Woodruff having thrice neglected to attend the times and places appointed for military exercise and having thrice been fined, are hereby advertised and held up as enemies to their country." NO INSULTS TO CONGRESS. 1776, April 26. — All friends of American liberty in Jamaica are entreated to aid the Comuiiittee. Should any officers in the ser- vice of Congress, meet with insults ia the discharge of their duties the offenders will be treated as enemies to their country. Elias Baylis, Chairman. POWDER. 1776, May 28. — Congress order 100 lbs. gun powder to be delivered to Capi. Baylis to be distributed to those well affected to the American cause. SUSPICIOUS CHARA.CTEES. i77G, May 15. — No person shall move into Jamaica without producing f' certifi- cate from the Committee where he last re- sided, that he is a friend of the American cause. All suspicious persons passing through the town, will be arrested for ex- amination. By order of the Committee. ELrAS Batlis, Chairman. 1770, May 28.— Captain Thos. Harriot, of Jamaica, having refused to take the Con- tinental money, is held up by order of Con- o-ress as an enemy to his country. PAT ROLL. Pay roll of the Jamaica militia (from July'cr.th to Aug. 31, 1776) stationed on the shores south side of Jamaica* and at New York Ferry. ^149.2.10 due. Win. Ludlnm, Captain, $26,^3 per mouth. Increase Carpenter, 1st Lt. $18 per moutU. Ephraim Marstin 2cl Lt. S18 ' '^ " Beni. TImrstou, 1st Serg't. $S " Heud'k. Hendrickson 2d Serg't. SS per month. Oba. Smith Corporal $1}4 per month. Noah Smith, Corporal $7^, " " Nich. Lambersou, Drummer, $1^, par niontn. Bernardus Ryder, Fifer, $iy^ per mouth. PRIVATES.— $6-3 per mouth. Samuel Higbie, Nicholas VVortmau, John Junes, John Smith, ,,,,.„„.,,, Isaac Van Osdol, Neh. Carpenter, bl ksmith, Aaron Hendrickson, Henry Wiggins, Stephen Rider, Nehemiah Smith. Nehemiah Ludlum, John Bailey,_ Neliemiah Bailey, Lawrence Stivers, Wm. Stiuo, . Peter Frederick, Nich. Lamberson, H. Hendrickson, U ksm th, Cornelius Creed, Abm. Colder, Sylvester Smith, Richard Belts, Thomas Brady, Charles Smith, — MacLean, Abm. Ditmars, John Bennet, Rem Remsen, John Bishop. ^^ Drafted but not delivered : Benj. Whitehead, Jos. Dunbar, and Peter Mills. *NoTE.— Isaiah Doxsey says the Americans had a force stationed with pitched tents at Far Rockaway. Nellv Cornell. looking out of an uppir story window, called to the Captain «nd told him she "saw trees rising from the ocean." He looked, and tb.n called another ofticer, and said: " Thafs the Briti^l' fl«'V, down with the tents, and let's be off to the Feirv- Wagous were then impressed to convey the baggag(., andlhc cattle were driven off. 1?0TE.— After the defeat of the Ameiictns at Brooklyn this company was disbanded, and the men mostly returned to their homes. ' NAMING CHILDREN. i The Presbyterians of Jamaica were nob slow in honoring our Eovolutionary he- .^es, for we find, Jan. 28, 1776, a child bap- t4z,ed John Hancock Mavston, and on July 2ith, another named George Washington Smith. As an offset, we find one named (1780) Beloyal Livingston. THE CENTENNIAL HISTOKT OF JAMAICA. DEPUTIES. 1775, Nov. 7. — An election for Deputies to the Provincial Congress was again held at Jamaica. The polls were kept open from Tuesday till Saturday, at 5 o'clock afternoon. Seven were nominated. Waters Smith for Jamaica. The whole county voted, and the poll stood 221 for Deputies, and 747 against. So Queens county had no representation in the Congress till May 14th 1776. The names of those who voted against Deputies were printed in two N. Y. papers, so that they might be held up to the public contempt, and that the whigs might shun all dealings or intercouse with them. The Asia, a British ship of war, lay off Eockaway, and supplied the disaffected with arms and ammunition, and also received fresh provision from the farmers. Con- gress issued this handbill : 1775, Dec. 13. — Whereas some disaffected persons in Queens couty have been supplied with arms from the Asia, ship of war, and are arraying themselves to oppose the measvires taken by the United Colonies for their just rights, it is ordered that Captain Beni. Wliitehead, Dr. Chas. Arden, Capt. Jos. French and Capt. Johannes Polhemus, all of Jamaica, appear before this Congress on the 19th iust., to give satisfaction in the premises; and that they be protected from insult, coming and returning. DISAl'FKCTKD PEESONS IM JAMAICA. Ttie Whin Committee sent to the Congress in N. y. the followiug list oi susp'cious characters (June 2l' 1TT6), who liept in and about JamMica. 1. Dr. Chas. Arden.— He instigated the Tories to sigii against having a Congress er Committee. 2. Capt, Ben. Whitehead, late Supervisor. He refused to communicate to the people of Jamaica the letters he received from the Whig Committee . pf N. Y. 3 Alex. Wallace, merchanl of N. Y. but now lives ill VVaters Smith's house. „ . . . ^ 4 Geo. Bethuue, li-oin Bostou. He is intimate ilh Ardeu and Whitehead. 6 Samuel Martin from Antigua, lie lives in Oba. fji'vo h^naf. mid aRsociates with Jas. Depeyslcr. ives in VVaters &muusuou»an(li>, Eaqr.: Sir — I have tliis day waited upon his Excellency, (Jeneial Washiuj^ton, relating to removing the cat- tle, horses and sheep on the eonth side of Qneena county, according to resolve of Congress and the General ofticere of the army. His opinion is that the Commanding officers and Committee of the county order it immediately done. He further declared that in case the ' Tories made anv resistance he woi»k^ Bendsi Buinlier of his m-M with :orders to shoot el; tbe qiee,tii!cp, nnd a.i--o three vho hindered die ev;R CiiiifU oi s;ua lesuive.H willnii the Umits therein pre- scribed. The Commissary of the Army en^'aged to me that he would pay the full value for the fat cattle and sheep to tlie owners, provided they would dri\c them within General Green's lines in Brooklyn. Proper care will he taken as to valuing said crea- tures. Time will not permit us to make any delay. I am, sir, your very humble servant, Jebomus RemsEn, Jr. ^ M^'iiTE Plains, July 20th, 1776. Sir— T have received orders from Congress to give orders to all the Commanding officers ot my ISrigadc to hold themselves in readiness. Sir, you are, there- fore, directed to keep the Regiment under your com- mand in readiness to march on the shortest notice with five days provision, to any part of Long Island, where you shall be direct.'d, for the defence of the «ame. I am, sir, your humble sarvant, rr r. , c, ^^'^TH'L WooDHULL, Brig. Gen'l. To. Col. Sande. WOODHTJLL. Gen. Woodhull had command of the American party that were driving off the live stock ; and therefore the British were eager to overtake and capture him, and re- cover the cattle. Hence, on Aug. 28th the day after the defeat of the American army at Brooklyn, a detachment cf the 17th Light Dragoons' galloped into the village of Jamaica, "amid thunder, lightning and rain, in pursuit of Woodhull's party. He was at Jamaica with only 90 men. These he ordered to move e^tward, driving the stock before IJaem. He waited at Jamaica for further Orders from Congress. At last he moved slowly on to Carpenter's tavern, 2 miles east of Jamaica. It is supposed he sought temporary shelter there fi-om a shower. But as he came out of the house to re- mount his horse, and had his hand on the reins, the British Light horse galloped up. They cried out: "surrender you d d Eebel," say " God save the King." As he did not do this, but tendered his sword, they showered their sabre blows on his head and his arm, as it was uplifted, to ward off the strokes. They then quickly mounted him on horse back behind one of the troopers, bleeding as he was, and hurried back to Jamaica, where his wounds were dressed, and he was kept under guard. His shirt sle^e cut with seven gashes, and his hat slashed in many places, were long preserved in jiis family. Next day, wi h other prisoners,Woodhull was taken to a prison ship at New Utrecht. He was so weak that he was allowed to ride in a chaise with David Lamberson. His arm cut in the elbow joint, soon mortified, and was taken oif by Dr. Bailey, of the British service. But he soon died, and his wife, who was with him in his last mo- ments, conveyed his embalmed body to Mastic, where it was interred on his farm, about the 23d of September. SUBMISSION. When the American army abandoned L. I., -to the enemy the more active Whigs fled. Eev. Messrs. Keteltas and Froeligh crossed to the Main as did John I. Skid- more, Increase Carpenter and others. The property of those who fled was seized by the British authorities. But most of the Whigs staid at home with their families, and took their chance. The more obnox- ious were arrested and taken to the British camp in Kings county. Among these were Elias Baylis, an aged and blind man, an Elder in the Presbyterian Church, David Lamberson, Abm. Ditmars, Eobart Hinch- man, John Thurston and others. The more quiet whigs were not dis- turbed. They took the oath of allegiance to the Crown, signed a paper of submis- sion, and prayed to be restored to the Royal favor, and wore a red ribbon on j;heir hats. 'Some whigs who did not come promptly forward and get a protec;i.ion paper from the Britiaii General, were informed against by their malicious neighbors, and hurried off to the Provost prison in N. Y., where, by the inhumanity of Cunningham, the Provost Marshal, they suffered great priva- tions, and some even died. All whigs were notified that if they ex- pected any indulijence from the Crown they must make proof of their attachment to the Eoyal cause, by supplying fresh provisions, cattle, grain &c., for the army. Several of the more active Loyalists of Jamaica, made offers of their services to the British, and were sent into Suffolk county to collect wagons and horses, live stock, forage and the like for Howe's army. Among these were Joshua and Hope Mills, and John Dunbar. FARM PRODUCE. The farmers had to reserve their hay, grain, wood, &c., for the British army, and it had to be sold at prices fixed by a Pi'o- clamation of the British commandant. In Sep. 1 776, a printed circular (with blanks to be filled up), was left with each farmer : "Yon are hirel)y (irdered t,o preserve for the King's use 3 loads of hay, 50 bushels of wheat,50 of oats, 50 of rye, 50 of barley, 50 ot Indian corn, and allyour wheat and rye straw, and not to dispose of the same, but to an order in writing from Major John Morrison, Commissary for forage, as you will answer the contrary at your peril." In 1780, '81 and '82, each town was re- quired to furnish able-bodied horses for the army. The horses were brought to Jamaica, delivered to the Commissary General, and after inspection, and valuation, paid for. IMPRESSMENTS. Impressing teams was very annoying. If in your wagon going to church, toafuaer- al, or to mill, or on any other urgent busi- ness, you were liable to be stopped and forced away with your team on the King's service. g^Here is one of those little tickets, so dreaded by the farmers : Flushing, 26th Sep. ITTti. To Duke Bergen: Press two wagons for the service of the Light Dra- goons. S. Birch, Lt. Col. HEAD QUARTERS. Jamaica being somewhat central, was usually the Head Quarters of the British .-jpommandants of L. I., Gen. Oliver Delancey, "Tryon and others. The street was patrolled, day and night, so that all stragglers, deserters and run- away negroes were liable to be arrested and brought before the Commandant for examination. An American Sailor having escaped from the Prison ship at the Wallabout had to pass thro' this village. He saw a negro boy driving cattle along the road, so he picked up a stick and commenced hurrjdng up the cows as if he was one of the drivers. The trick succeeded, and he passed by the patrol unnoticed. At another time gang by a corn field he saw at a distance sjme soldiers approaching. |He at once jumped over the fence into the field and began to right up the stocks of corn, as if they had fallen apart. The soldiers passed on with- out hailing him, supposinjr him to be a farm laborer. SOLDIERS. In the Summer season the British troops were out on expeditions to various places on the Main; as to Connecticut, Jersey, the Carolinas, Georgia, &c., but in the Winter they quartered on L. I., and Jamaica had her full share. Huts were dug into the side hills north of Jamaica, and covered with boards, thatch and sods. Some soldiers were billeted* on the house holders. The first notice they had was : " Madam, we have come to take a billet on your house," and they chalked on the door the number of soldiers each house must re- ceive, usually about half the house was ta- ken. Then, to save your fences, you must keep a big wood pile at the door, for sol- diers were very handy with their hatchets, and would convert fencing stuff into fuel without hesitation. *N0TE.— Billeting is so called from the hillet or ticket that the soldiers exhibited to the master of the house, as their warrant to occupy a part of it. The highest officers had a hoase to them- selves, especially one that had been de- serted by its Whig owner. Thus General Skinner had the house of Eev. Mr. Ketel- tas. Rev. Mr. Bowdon occupied the Dutch parsonage. Among British officers who were quartered in Jamaica were General Oliver Delancey, who had command of all the Island, Gen'l . Tryon, LordEawdon, Sir Wm.Erskine, Lord Corn wallis. The English officers expected the utmost reverence from all who came in their presence. Even if a farmer should meet one in the street and forget to pull off his hat he might expect a caning. Iii the fall of 1780 one Capt.Crow, a Brit- ish half pay officer, sent his servant to Derick Amberman's mill for some flour. The miller, half joking, bid the servant tell his master to send the money with his bac next time, as he could trust hiai no lon^-^er. This message so enraged the officer that he at once tuolinLed His horge and rode to the mill, and calling the miller out,. beat him on the head with a loaded whip till he fell to the earth, when a brother officer ran him thro' with a sword. While this assault was going on, a wagon with several people in it came along who would have assisted the miller, but the officer bid them in the King's name to stand ; and such was their timidity that they dared not lift a hand to help him. The miller died ot his wounds ; and it is not known that the officers were punished. Eecruiting offices were established here. Soldiers were billeted in almost every house in Jamaica. When the soldiers had behaved well, had not stolon too much, and had treated the farmers civilly, a parting address was often presented them. Thus 26 of the Loyal inhabitants of Foster's Meadow and Springfield; being impressed with gratitude gave thanks to Tarlton's British Legion that wintered there in 1781-'82. The soldiers not to be outdone in courtesy, in theii- reply, wish that the far- mers' "fields may yield them a most j)lenti- f ul harvest, and that their flocks may bring forth in abundance." This same Col. Tarlton when leaving Suffolk county was guilty of great rapacity in carrying off the produce of the whigs. He took boards off their barns (Nov. 3, 1777), to build barracks for his soldiers. A marketman had bought 70 fowls which he had dressed to carry to market in N. Y. for the Christmas Holidays. Tarlton took all these from him and also two barrels of new cider to wash them down. From another farmer he carried off 3 hogs. At one time (Oct. 20, 1779), he was out on a party of pleasure, shooting grouse, he came to a house when seeing a cow at pasture in a lot he took her out and had her killed for his troops. On another occasion (Oct. 7, 1779), he took a heifer and had her killed for the use of his "sick soldiers," as he said. He took 40 lbs. butter and poultry from anotner farmer (Nov. 1777), and would give neither receipt nor pa.y. In 1780 he took a fat beast worth .£35 and Dec. 3, 1778, as he was marching from Smithtown to Jericho, he carried off four fat hogs from a farmer's pen, worth ;,£30. PASSES. Persons travelling without a pass were liable to be arrested by the British patroles. Hence when an officer impressed a farmer to go on any errand or business for him, he gave him a pass. I will read a few of the samples : Jamaica, 29th Aug., 1776. Permit Isaac Beunet to pass antl repass without molestation. Will. Erskine, Brig. Gen. Cedar Swamp, June 10, 17S2. The bearer, a negro man, being employed in cart- ing provisions for the corps of Yagers is permitted to pass to Flushing, Bayside, unmolested. OcHsE, Lt. Ad'jt Yager's. 1782, June Sth. * Permit the bearer hereof, Silas Pettit, of Hemp- stead, to pass to New York and return. By order of Ben.t Hewlett, Capt. Queens County Militia. Hempstead, Jan. 4, 1777. Permit the bearer hereof, Mr. Sam'l Pettit, jr., to pass without hinderance to New Y'ork Island, and thence to N. J., or until he find his wagon and horses, now in His Majesty's sernce,aa he has always acted as a friend to Gov't. S. Clowds, I a Justice of the Peace in Queens Co. ENJOYMENTS. Tho' the farmers and laboring classes had to live frugally and on homely fare, different was it with the British officers. They spent their money freely, and loved good eating and drinking. Here is a note from an officer to a farmer : Sib: If j'ou can get me a good quarter of veal, or a good pif, or half ii dozen good chickens, pray do so; for I can't live on salt meat every day, and You'll oblige Yours, Cor's Van IIokne. The standing toast at an officer's table was "a long, and a moderate war." The out door amusements were fox hunt- ing, shooting grouse and other game, horse- jacing, cricket matches, hurling matches billards, cards &c. They indulged in music also, for we read of pianos, harpsichoi'ds, or- gans, &c., beside military bands. Some of the ofEcers had their ladies with them; others married American girls. Some of the common soldiers brought their wives with them, from the old country, especially the Hessians and Scotch, Their children were baptized in the Presbyterian church. On one occasion the sexton had forgot to have the water ready and was going to get some, when the mother pulled a bottle out of her pocket and said "here's water." This was poured into the baptismal basin. BALLS AND DANCES. WhQe the British ofEcers were in Jamaica every occasion for amusement, fun and frolic was improved. Thus Oct. 26th was the anniversary of the accession of George III. to |the throne. So there must be a p-ootZ time. Accordingly we read this ad- vertisement in the papers (1779) : " Tickets for the Accession Ball for the inhabi- tants of Jamaica, and the officers quartered there, are now being issued. A grand baud of music will be wanted." 1780, March 17.— A munificent enlertaia- ment was given by Lord Eawdon, Colonel of the volunteers of Ireland, to his regi- ment quartered at Jamaica, in honof of St. Patrick, the tutelar saint of Ireland. Song by Barny Thompson, piper of the regiment! Here follow a few lines of the song : "So Y'aukees keep, off, or you'll soou learn your error, For i'addy shall prostrate lay every foe." " Hand in hand ! Lot's carol the chorus, As long as the blessmgs of Ireland hang o'er us, The crest of rebellion shall tremble before us, Like brothers, while we thus march hand in hand.' TAVERNS. There were several taverns in Jamaica, and they were well supported, as British gold was abundant. They were named after the pictures on their sign-boards, as the Half ,Moon tavern, the Queen's Head, the King's Arms, the Gen. Amherst, &c. Here follow a couple of advertisements : 1779, July 10. — " Wm. Belts has opened the tavern (formerly kept by John Comes), the Gen. Amherst, where he has proviaed choice liquors. Dinner on the shortest notice, and good stabling." TT81, May 12.—" Thos. Rochford, of the Queen's i Head, has a house of S rooms. He begs leave to in- form the ladies and gentlemen that he has an elegant garden — a tea garden — with arbors, bowers, alcoves, grottos, statues of Naids, dryads, hamadryads, &c., &c. He has a stock of good liquors, and can, at any * time, furnish genteel dinners. The ladies and gen- tlemen who choose to make an excursion from N. Y. to the pleasant village of Jamaica (so remarkable for the salubrity of its air), may depend on good cheer at his house, and the utmost attention." The drinks at a tavern were: Jamaica and Antigua spirits, sangaree, negus,punch, lemonade, slings, (i. e. spirits and water sweetened with loaf sugar and nutme? gratrd in it) ; for the ladies there would toe milk launch, tea, coffee and choco late, and wines. The fashion of Brandy drinking was introduced by the French officers. Note — The officers sometimes had a silver straii ler to run the punch through before they drank it. They were fond of taking a tiff of punch. While the British were in occupation of Jamaica, stages to N. Y. were in great de- mand, and had odd sounding names. 1777, Oct. 6.— The new Stage xvagon will set out from Hope Mills at 7 o'clock on Monday, Wednesday and Saturday morn- ings for Brooklyn ferry and return on same days. Eor freight or passage apply to the public's humble servant, Hope Mills. N. B. Proper care taken of all the letters and newspapers.* 1779, May 26.— Loosley & Elms propose to run a Caravan- to Jamaica and back to Brooklyn ferry on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Sundays. 1781, March.— Benjamin Creed's Jamaica and Brooklyn Hall stage Machine, 6/ a pas- sage. He will not be answerable for any money, plate or jewels, unless they are en- tered on his book and paid for. 1782, Oct. 3.— New Flying Machine on steel springs, Thursday, Sunday and Tiies- day from Brooklyn at 8 o'clock to Jamaica, and return same evening. Breakfasting at Brooklyn on stage mornings. •Note.— Jamaica had no mail till ISOO, when Eli- phalet Wickes was appointed postmaster. PERMITS. Shopping had to be done in Revolution- ary times as well as now. The ladies some- times went to the City, tho' there were plenty of good stores in Jamaica. But no goods could be brought out of N, Y. with- out a permit. I have an old one which I will read : " Pursuant to^llis Excellency, Sir. Wm. Howe's proclamation, permission is hereby given to Aaron Van Nostrand to cart to Jamaica, one bushel salt, he having complied with the directions. JouN Nugent, Dep. Supt." The following is a list of articles a lady had permision to bring out of the city : 14 lbs. Sugar, 2 galls. Molasses, >4 cwt. Kice, 2 galls. Rum, 10 yds. Calico, 1 lb tea, 7 yds. Russet, i lb Coffee, 6 yds. Durant, 1 lb Chocolate, 1 lb Whalebone, 1 bush. Salt, 1 lb Pepper, i pair Gloves. The restriction put on taking goods out of N. Y. was intended to prevent smuggling from L. I. across the Sound to Conn. Im*^ ported goods were scarce on the Main and commanded a high price. AARON VAN NOSTRAND was an important character in Jamaica,in his day. He was a turner by trade, and made chairs and spinning wheels. He also acted as clerk and sexton of the English Church. For 47 years he was grave digger, and rang the funeral bells. He was gathered to his fathers, Jan. 23d, 1822, at the age of 84. He left a record book of all the interments in Grace Church yard from 1773 to 1820, and of all the funeral bells he rang for those buried elsewhere. This book I gave to Parson Johnson, but at his death was cast aside as useless trash. I give a eample of bills from it : JAMAici, Oct. 21, 1780. GeHcral Delanoey, To Grace Church, Dr.: To digging a grave for Major Waller £0 10 •' a funeral bell 05 " use of the church pall ....'.... 04 " iuvitintr and attending the funeral! .'.'.'." is li76, April 21— Taking up the floor and putiino' it down, for Mrs. Coigan (who was buried in the church). C shillings 1776, Oct. 1- Jos. Horstield, halt funeral bell for his child, 2s. 6d. 177S, July 8— ForinvUingto Jos. Read's funeral, and frog to the carriers. lOs. "our carrers at Ss. each. 1 (7S, Dec. 25— Charles McEvers, inviting and attend- >~^ ing funeral, 12s. ; bull 5s., use of pall Ss.> six carriers £2 .a, ' In 1781, Aug. 16th, Aaron Van Nostrand was directed to warn the inhabitants of Jamaica to work on the road leading to Flushing, and put it in good order, and to fine delinquents 8 shilling a day each. In 1782, Oct. 16th, he was appointed Marshall of the Police and Inspector of the weight and quality of bread in Jamaica, with directions to inspect the several bake houses once a week in order to examine the bread. BEAVEK POND. The Green southeast side of Beaver Pond was a mustering and training ground for the J militia. There was a race course around it; the circuit being precisely one mile. Advertisements like these occur in tho New York papers : RACES. 1778, Oct. 14— Purse of 20 guineas, around Beaver Pond. 1779, Oct. 26— Jamaica Races, 3 heats, twice round the course at Beaver Pond, each heat. Purse 20 guineas. 1782, Oct. 10— A Purse of X50, to be run for around Beaver Pond, the best 2 iu 3 one mile heats. One guinea entrance. Free for any horse except Mer- cury, Slow and Easy, and (Toldtiuder. 1783, June 28— A purse of 100 guineas is to be run for Wednesday next, around Beaver Pond, by the noted mare Calfskin, and the noted horse Lofty from Boston. The Green was the scene of an execution Nov. 12, 178-1. Two persons Wm. Guthrie and Jos. Alexander had robbed Thos. Thorne, of Cow Neck, of a silver tankard * and other articles. The old Jail standing at Mr. Peck's Pharmacy, had been destroyed by the British. So the prisoners were kept in the Bridewell, in N. Y. and brought up to Jamaica for trial by an escort of Soldiers. The Court was held in the Presbyterian Church. The convicts were taken to the gallows in a wagon each seated on his own coffin. Here follow some items of the cost of the execution : Quco.ns County, to Nchemiah Ilinchnian, Dr.: £. 8. Formakingthe gallows, and my trouble 16 Timber and spikes 1 6 Blacksmith's work 17 2 carpenters, 4 days each 4 16 Wagon and horses to take the ealiows lo the Pond 4 Help in raising the gallows u Wm./rtiai'8ton, for staijles 18 2 coffliis, each 16s 1 12 Hope to hang with, and handkerchiefs to tie over their eyes 14 Sheriff's fees for hangiug 12 Digging the graves 18 Kiugiug thebellfor the procession tomoveand ^xleauiug the church when the trial was held.l 15 'Note.— This tankard which was the means of ccuvictiug the crirainals, was on exhibition at the late Queens County Pair. It is yet preserved as au heir-loom iu the family of Ueury T. Hewlett. For the years of British occiipatiori, there were no Courts, but military rule prevailed. The King's Justices of the Peace held over, and their decisions were backed by the soldiery. Court Martials were the only tribunal to which the in- jm-ed could resort till July 15, 1780, when an office of Police (as it was called), was established at Jamaica, and George D. Ludlow appointed Superintendent. His jurisdiction extended over the Island. David Colden was his assistant, and James Creighton, Secretary. MINISTERS. In the English church was the Rev. Joshua Bloomer. When the Whigs or- dered him, in July 1776, to omit the prayers for the King, he closed his church for 5 weeks, and did not perform services till the British got possession. He had once been in the army and had been a trader and failed, but on receiving a leg- acy he paid off all his indebtedness. He once married a rich couple, and next day some one asked him what fee he got; " O, I forgot all about it," (said he). " It must be in my other coat pocket." It proved to be 3 guineas Avrapped in a piece of paper. He died unmarried, June 23, 1790, and was buried in the church. " He sleeps in chancel, not a stone records His name, his fame, his actions or his words." In the Presbyterian Church was Eev. Mr. Burnet. He was almost the only Presbyterian minister who favored the British cause. He remained in Jamaica all thro' the war and performed religious services. He saved the church from dese- cration. When the enemy fu-st entered Jamaica, some loyal youngsters mounted into the bslfry with a rope and saw and W M p'^''^.^^^ P°"*' «f t^« steeple, but Mr. Burnet hastened to the British fipmmandant, and soon had a stop put to their proceedings. Yet when peace came the Whigs of hie congregation forced him .to leave. 'TFroeligh, the Dutch minister, was a rampant Whig, and had to flee when the enemy approached Jamaica, and never returned to take charge of his church. He used to pray that God's lightning would strike the British ships and stnk theii- soldieis m the sea, so that they micrht not set hostile feet on our shores. A more moderate Whig minister used to pray that the British soldiers might speedily return by the way they came. CHURCHES. The Dutch ^church was taken by the British, and used as a store house. The pulpit was left, but the pews and floors were taken out and used for building huts and barracks for the soldiers. Here often on Sundays, wagons drove up for the weekly allowance of pork, rum, flour, peas, &c., which were carted to various parts of the Island. The I 'utch people worshipped by per- mission in the Episcopal church. Their own minister had fled from the Island, but Domines Eubell and Schoonmaker, from Flatbush, occasionally officiated, and bap- tized the children. Rubell was a staunch I Royalist, and always prayed for King Geo. I III., Queen Charlotte, the princes and princesses of the Eoyal familv, and the Parliament. He was a rotund, jolly little parson and was too fond of the pleasures of the table. JALES BY AUCTION. When the evacuation of Jamaica, by the British was drawing near auction sales were frequent. The British government sold warlike stores : I 1782, July 29. To be sold by auction'at Jaraalcii, sundry damaged prevision*, consistiug of pork, peas and butler. 1782 Hep. 25. To be sold at Jamaica, several high bred stallions, among them Lotly and Brutus, belonging to Briti.«h cavalrv ollicers, both capital 4 mile horses, also Comiis and 2 or 3 Capital hunters. To be seen at Mr. Belts', Queen's Head tavern. 1783 April 15. To be sold at Jamaica, 40 excel- lent dragoon ;horses in hi},'h condition belonging to cavalry olflccrs. 1TS3, Ju]yl9. Several horses of the ITth Light Dragoons to be sold at Jamaica. — gevei-al stores were set up in Jamaica during the war. These also were discon- tinued, and sold out at auction, viz. Ray and Fitzsimmons. ^Alex'r Haire who kept the noted White store at Little Plains ; Michael Price who had the best stand within the British lines, went to England. Hart and Chaloner failed — whole stock sold, consisting of dry goods, china and carthern ware and groceries. Cunningham, Scott and Co., Alexander McAuley and Co., Malcolm Morrison and Wm. Lanman. Several private families going into exile also sold out their furniture, as we see by their advertisements : 1778— Auction, Sept. 21st, of all the household fur- niture of Mr. Simeon Lugriu, * Jamaica. Sale to begin at 10 o'clock in the morning. N.S. To be sold sametime a flue-toned double harpsichord. '■ e " He was school master at Burton, Nova Scotia I from 1799 to 1806. 1782 Aug 21.— Capt. Wm. Wade, intending for Ireland i-er flrst fleet, will sell at vendue a Piano, Mahogany chairs, phaeton, &c. I 17S3, March 21— Public Auction at the office of Po- lice <., mahogany tables and chairs, beds and bed- steads, an elegant 8 day clock, glass, china, pewter and earthenware, and some plate, kiichen utensils. Also a likely negro wench, with her male child and a ridmg mare. Geo. Duncan Ludlow. 17S4, Sep. 17— The household furniture, farming utensils, ridmg chair, horses and cows of Joseph l^reuoh to be sold at auction. FUEL. 1777,_Nov. 24.— A town meeting was held to provide fire wood and other necessary articles for the use of the Hospital and Guard house in Jamaica ; and it was voted (1) that all householders who have soldiers billeted on theiu be excepted from contri- buting; (2) that the following persons be appointed Trustees for the above purpose, viz : John Polhemus for the Western dis- trict; John Lamberson aud John Doughty for Springfield; Jacamiah Valentine'' for the Eastern district, and Powe Ditmars for the Southern district ; and (3) that Edward Willett be appointed to inspect the wood and give certificates. SLAVES. In the disorder and lawlessuess that fol- lowed on the British occupation, the slaves caught the infection, became insubordinate, , and in search of adventures abandoned their .masters. Even as early as March 6th 1775, ,.;TO.find this startling paragraph in the New York Mercury. " Several of the negroes at Jamaica, L. I., we hear, were last weet committed to the gaol there for a conspiracy to destroy the whites. Most of the slaves for many miles round, 'tis said, are con- cerned in this plot." Letting this pass for a canard, we give some advertisements of the runaways : 1777, May 2G.— $4 /Jewrtrd-Kau away from Capt. 1 uos. Harriot, Jamaica South, a negro bred to the sea. He had ou a beaver hat cocked, homespuu trowsers, short gray coat with brass buttons. Mas- ters of vessels are desired not to ship him. 1779, Feb. 27— $6 Reward— Ran away from Boni Smith, Jamaica, Tom. He had ou a gray short coat belt waistcoat yellow metal buttons, buff breeches and white worsted stockings." 'Tis thought he wli try to go out in some privateer. 17S0, June, i—lwo guineas Reward— Raa away from John Amberman, a negro man Will, with thick lips. He had on corduroy breeches. 1781, May 16.— $10 Reward— Ra.n away from Ray & Fitzsinimons, a negro Hercules. He had \m vel- vet plnsh breeches, and is apt to suitter ou a sur- prise ; and with him a large fat young wench, with three cuts on each cheek, a slave of Col. Liusing, late from Charlestou. 1782, June 12.— SlOiJewjanZ— Ran away from Dowe Ditmars, a negro boy Frank. He took a blue broad- cloth coat and jacket, and a new castor hat. It is imagined he intends going ou board some privateer 17^3, Sep. 10.— Ran away from Edward Bardie, Sam, a mulatto, who had ou a striped jacket and trowsers made of bed lick. He carried off a red waistcoat, buckskin breeches and two pair of white breeches. KOBBEKIES. The British commandant did what he oould to prevent the soldiers and others from plundering at night, and severely punished the offenders whenever they could be detected. Many farmers, however, could find no redress. Wm. Ludlum, in the Boglots,was robbed of linen, clothing, &c. Some money hid behind the chimney escaped the search of the robbers, who broke in a panel of the door with a huge stone. John William son was tortured and robbed of ^6300 hid under the hearthstone. The same gang the next night broke into "\Ym. Creed's house, where a Highlander slept as a safe-guard, who beat them off and killed one.* I The widow Mills' house, upper end of j Springfield, was broke into, but she escaped I and sounded an alarm. The robbers, tho' fired on by the neighbors, escaped. A pa- trol was then set from the head of Spring- field to Amberman's gate on the Eockaway road. 'Squire B. Everett was severely abused by robbers before he could be in- duced to disclose his hidden treasure, about $250. . *NoTK — Win. Creed was a Whig and suffered on that account. Some British soldiers came to his house to driye off his cows. The wife hegged the officer to leave them. He replied, " Why, mad- am, ihey bcloug to the Crown," and carried thera away. At another time the dragoous turned iheir horses uito his oats just as it was in head. He had much of his wood cut. HOESK STEALING. _ Beside petty thefts by night, horse steal- mg was prevalent. We give a few in- stances : 177T— A guinea reward and charges paid— Stolen or strayed in the niglit of Nov. 20, from the pasture of Kev. Mr. John Bowden a dark gray mare 1777, Dec. 6.— $20 Reward— Lost two black mares, by Capt. Jacob Smith, of the Ist company of the 1st battalion of Delancey's Brigade at Jamaica. ^fi^^'r'!u\f^-~^i°:^°^ °'' strayed from the pasture of Dr. Charlton, a black mare. «f^riP"~l? iJeroarrt-Stolen or strayed, May 15, out ot Ihos. Harriot's pasture, a mouse-colored cow and ^S?^""s?' '^"^'^ the broad arrow marked on each. J'rrr*?^^ J?ewa)ri— Stolen in the night of Feb 24 out of Major Thos. Bowden's stable, a sorrel horse' his mane Ipng on the mounting side, the property of Eev. John Bowden. f f j Mr. Bowden was an Assistant Minister *^£^^"^^*^y Church, N. Y. till March 14, 1777, when he removed to Jamaica and oc- cupied tho Parsonge house abandoned by Froeleigh, the Dutch minister. HAT, 1780, July 1.— Gov. Robertson assures the farmers that if they bring to tho Brit- ish Commissary two thirds of their first grass, they may keep tho other third. Cer- tificates of hay and cartage paid for on pre- sentation. Benj. Nostrand once told me he stood on Bett's stoop and counted 110 wagon loads of hay passing by one aftei the other to New York. LOTTERIES. j 1778— "A lottery for raising .£780 toward ' purchasing a glebe for the established; church in the parish of Jamaica, will be drawn under the inspection of persons of character." From the proceeds of this lottery, Wm. Creed's farm of 70 acres nearly a mile westward of the village was bought. "^782, June 3— Tickets for the Brooklyn. Hall Charity Lottery for the relief of re fugees, poor soldiers &c., for sale at Edward Bar din's inn, Jamaica. EXCtTESIONS. 1782 Sept. 18. — An elegant carriage for the accommodation of 6 or 8 ladies and gentlemen from Mr. Hill's, Brooklyn ferry to any part of L. I. for $6 per day. Per- formed by Benj. Creed. A party of British oificers made a pleas- ure excursion to Success Pond when Capt. Dickson was drowned while bathing. His remains were brought back to Jamaica and interred on the east side of Grace Church. He is the only British officer who has a stone over his grave. HORSES. 1781, May 5. — Col. Hamilton again re- minds the Captains of Queens county that the horses demanded by the Quartermaster General for his Majesty's immediate ser- vice, are to be delivered on Wednesday, 9th inst., at Jamaica, by 9 o'clock in the morning. Each company of foot (19 in all), is to furnish nine horses, and each troop of horse is to furnish four horses. None but strong young horses will pass inspection. WOOD. 1780, June 21. — "Agreeable to Governor Robertson's proclamation, the Captains of Queens county militia will meet on Satur- day, at the house of Wm. Betts, tavern keeper in Jamaica, at 11 o'clock forenoon, to concert measures for furnishing fuel." *N. B. Wood cutters will meet with the best encouragement by applying to Mr. Betts. *NoTE.— About 4,500 cords of wood was annually required of Queens county for the use of the British army in and about New York. MILITIA UNIFORM. 1780, Feb. 7. — Col. Hamilton desires that the officers of the regiment of loyal Queens county, will provide themselves with a uni- form. It is to be a scarlet coat faced with blue, with white lining, white waistcoat and breeches, and silver buttons ^ith a silver epanlet/awell cocked hat ^^tj «^\^<^>^ ^^^t tons and loops, and snvcr hat band An.; officer appeiring on daty without regi- rentds o?side arms may depend on bemg fined half a joe for the entertainment of their brother officers. Samuel Tbedwell, Cleik. CHURCH AND KING. Col. Graydon, an American prisoner on^ parole at Flatbush, got V^^^H^^^^^H' cent an invitation to dme with Mr. Alex Wallace. He says: "Upon our arrival at I Jamaica after putting up our horses at an [inn, we took a ramble through the towni I before we went to our host's. WehfOi ! strolled to nearly the end of the Main I street, when we observed a soldier coming I after us. He said Col. Fanning desired to speak with us at his quarters. He want(d to know why we were out of our limit?. We replied that we had come to dine with Mr. Wallace who had got permission for us from the Commissary of Prisoners. ! The Col. thereupon dismissed us. Mr. Wallace entertained us with much hospi- tality. He put a glass of wine in the hand of his son aged 7 or 8 years, and asked him j what ho drank? "church and king," re- plied the little fellow. I had contemplated becoming an Episcopalian, yet the boy's sentiment appeared to me selfish and degrading. SCHOOLS. In ancient times school houses were built and the masters supported by volur- tary contributions of the neighborhood. At the out break of the Revolution proba- bly they were clcisod. An old lady once told me she was at school when a little girl, and the alarm was sounded : "The red coats are coming, run, youngsters run." That was the last of her going to school. We find the following notice of a scliool in Jamaica ; but there must have been others : 1777, Jan. 13.— Audrew Wilson is now opening a !.'ramm;ir school. Board may be procuriid at Ja- maica. Simeon Lugrin also taught a school. Nath'! Box, kept school in a sort of a log house at Springfield, near Decker's store. EECRUITING OFFICES. As there were many refugees froDi the Main without employ, recruiting oiEcas were, from time to time, opened in Jamaica. 1777, Sep. 1.—" The people of the little town of Jamaica have contributed <£219 to encourage the i aising of a New Corps to be commanded by Col. Fanning." 1778, May 2. — " AH Gentlemen Volunteers who are disposed to serve His Majesty in Capt. Kinlock's Troop of Light Dragoons, are desired to repair to his quarters at Ja- maica,, where they will find a horse, cloth- ing and accoutrements, and enter on the same pay with British Dragoons." 1779, Nov. 3. — "Loyal refugees are now recruiting at Bett's "fevern, Jamaica, by Abm. C. Cuyler, who is authorized to raise a battalion of 600 men." BLACKSMITHS. 1873, June 7. — The partnership between Isaac Koop and Jona. Jones, blacksmiths, is dissolved. The shop, a good stand in the centre of Jamaica town, and one set of tools complete, for sale. CONFISCATIONS. The farms of the more active Loyalists in Jamaica were confiscated: Johannes Polhemus' farm of 200 acres was sold for Jl,650; George Folliot's farm of 21 acres, • sold for ^65000 ; Joseph Ford's lot of 4- acres, sold for ,£450 ; George Duncan Lud- low's land, 26 acres, sold for ,£265. Some of the Loyalists of Jamaica, at the approach of peace, went into voluntary exile; some to Canada, some to New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Most of them returned to their former homes after the angry passions of the Whigs had subsided. A few, however, breathed their last in a land of strangers. It required a great many vessels to transport the exiles. A fleet of 30 vessels, more or less, usually sailed under a con- voy, for fear of losing their way. Friends and relatives usually formed themselves into companies and settled together. Here follows an advertisement of a Jamaica Association. "1783, Sep. 13th. The Royalista enrolled in Capt. Johu Polhemns' company for Annapolis Royal, are informed that the ship is ready to receive them. The passage will be at the expense of the Crown." Capt. Polhemus kept a tavern at whkt is now Woodhaven. When Lis friends ad- vised him not to go in exile but remain on his farm. He replied, I would rather stay here but I dare not run the risk. After some time he, however, found his way back to his old home and died in peace. It seems by the annexed notice that the slave liked the land of the exile better than his master did : " One guinea rtward. Kun away from Johannes Polhemus, living at Jamaica, (Jan. 2, 1786), a negro man Brock. He is supposed to be lurking in N, Y. till he can get a passage to Nova Scotia. Masters of vessels are forbid to carry him away." TRESPASS ACT. After the British evacuated our Island some of the Whigs sued the Loyalists who had taken their property for the use of the British army. The Legislature had also passed a law that in suits for trespass, no one should plead that he was forced to do it by the order of the enemy. In 1784, ] May 22, Peter Fredrickson took advantage of this Act, and sued Joseph Oldfield before Benj. Everett,- Esq., at Nathaniel Box's inn at Springfield, for taking from him a gun and cutlass, damage .£10. I Mr, Oldfield plead that he took them j under orders from Lord Cornwallis, that ' L. I. was then under control of British troops, and that the 6th Article of the Definitive Treaty of peace was a bar. The plea was over-ruled, and verdict given for plaintiff. A certiorari was, however, granted June 5th. Among a great many other suits were : 1785.— John I Skidraore vs. Samuel Simmons. Abm. Ketteltas vs. Nicholas Ludlum. Ephraim Baylis vs. same. Increasft Carpenter vs. Stephen Carman. Abm. Ketteltas vs. Richard Belts. CELEBKATION OF PEACE. i 1783. on Monday, Dec. 8, the glorious I event of peace was celebrated at Jamaica by the Whigs of Queens county. At sunrise a volley was fired by Continental Troops stationed in town, and the 13 stripes were displayed on a Liberty Pole which had been erected for the purpose. At 4 o'clock a number of the gentlemen of the county, and officers of the army who were in the neighborhood, sat down to an elegant din- ner attended by the music of a most excel- lent band formerly belonging to the Line of this State. After drinking 13 toasts, the gentlemen marched in column, 13 abreast in procession thro' the village, pre- ceded by the music and saluting the colors as they passed. "In the evening every house in the village and for several miles around was most bril- liantly illuminated ; and a ball given to the ladies concluded the whole. It was pleas- ing to view the different expressions of joy and gratitude apparent in every counten- ance, on the occasion. In short the whole was conducted with the greatest harmony, and gave universal satisfaction. The church bells were rung and there was a free table for the populace. Such Loyalists as were to be found in the streets met with rough handling. An address to the Governor, Goo. Clin- ton, was also agreed on. Gov. Clinton appointed Thursday, Dec. 11th as a'Day of Thanksgiving for the es- tablishment of Independance. GEORGE CLINTON ranked very high in the affections of our ancestors. He was Governor of this State during the Eevolution, and died Vice-Presi- dent of the United States. He gave $25 toward building the first academy in this village. He and Washington rode at the head of the army, side by side, into New York when the British evacuated it. I will finish this narrative with a few lines* of an ode on that occasion : " They come ! They come, the heroes come With rattling ftfe aud thunderiug drum ; Their ranks advance in bright array, The heroes of America. He comes ! 'tis mighty Washington, Words fail to tell all he has done ; Our Hero, Guardian, Father, Friend ! His fame can never — never end. He comes ! He comes ! 'tis Clinton comes ; Justice her ancient seat resumes; From shore to shore let shouts resound For Justice* comes with freedom crowned." *NoTK. — Our forefathers were anxious to have Courts of Justice re-established speedily, for when the British troops withdrew there was no way for arresting aud punishing evil doers. The local mili- tia^tood guard over prisoners till order was restore! . REPLY TO MR. COOPER. Gentlemen :— The letter of Mr. Cooper would allow of a wide range of remark, but throwing aside all minor considerations : The question at issue is— Did Oliver De- Lancey, junior, strike General WoodhuU, after his surrender? For the affirmaiive, we have the declara- tion of Colonel Troup, who heard the story from WoodhuU's own lips, while they were fellow-prisoners. Troup says : " The Gen- eral told him he was taken by a party of light horse, under Captain Oliver De Lancey ; that on being asked by said captain if he would surrender, he rej lied in the affirma- tive—provided he would treat him like a gen- tleman, which Captain De Lancey assured him he would ; whereupon the general de- livered his sword; and that immediately after, the said Oliver De Lancey, jr., struck him ; and others of his party, imitating his example, did cruelly cut and hack him in the manner he then was." This is clear, definite and positive, and given under the solemnity of an oath. Troup was a graduate of Columbia Col- lege, a Lawyer by profession : of most^ re- ' spectahle standing in society, the friend and associate of Jay and tJamilion ; a very con- scientious man, of sterling piety, who after- wards was a Judge, member of our Legisla- ture and '-varden of Trinity Church. And yet, Mr. Cooper, by implication, as- sails the character ol' such men as Troup and Morris, in order to weaken the force of this deposition. For the negative, we have : 1st. Mr. Cooper's disbelief that any Brit- ish officer, and especially De Lancey, would do such an act; because fie was born and educated a gentleman, and was a soldier o£ established reputation,* and 4hat the deed in- volves treachery, cowardice and barbarit)'. To this it may be replied, that Mr. Cooper forgets that the gentler feelings are all stilled in a civil war; and that although De Lancey was a regular, yet he had been so long in this country, and heard so much of the wrongs his connections had sufTered, as to have his feelings wrought up to the highest degree of bitterness against the rebels, He had him- self been forced to quit Boston in* 1776. John De Lancey had, in 1775, been so ex- asperated at General Scoit, a member of the Provincial Congress, as to shake his fist in his face ; and again, this John's goods had been distrained for refusing to do military duty. Ste{)hen De Lancey had been sent to Hartford jail. James De Lancey's house in the Bowery had been taken for a rebel hospital; and the mansion of the elder Oli- ver, at Bloorningdale, was allowed for a like purpose. Mr. Cooper aggravates the barbarity of tho deeJ, to sliow its improbability; but let us consider a little. General VVoodliuU was president of the convention that had heaped so many wrongs on ihe De Lancey family, and was the first poiiiical officer of note that had fallen in the enemy's hands. What, then, more natural, or probable than that De Lancey should exact a humiliating recantation from him of saying, " God save the king !" and if Wood- hull, thinking each blow would be the last, preferred hacking to recanting, what matter- ed it to Oliver? All historians agree in fixing the act on an officer. An old man, aged 85, now living (and wiio saw WoodhuU with his head tied up and his arm bandaged) says " the oncers did it." If done by an officer, why not De Lancey, rather than Baird, for the above rea- sons ? In Wood's Long Island, page 53, edition of 1824. he says: " WoodhuU was suffered by the officers to be so cut and man- gled, that he died of his wounds a few days after his capture." 2d. The second point for the negative is Mr. Cooper's suddenly revived memory of a long forgotten conversation with a Majrr Dj Lancey, in which, referring to this charge of De Lancey 's wounding WoodhuU, he says, "Oliveralways indignantly denied it." If so, whv did not Judge Jones say as much? Nosv, Mr. Cooper's memory, to say the least, is a very convenient one. It recalls to mind, at the precise time of need, just so much as is wanted, without varying over half a dozen words! But does not Mr. Cooper ask too much of us? He should bear in mind that he once gave as authority a conversation wherein ii was said, "that the father of Oli- ver De Lancey died in command, on Long , Island, about 'the middle of the war, and was interred in the family vault in Trinity | Church ;" an error I exposed by quoting the obituary notice of his death at Beverly, En- olaiid, in 1785. 3d. When Mr. C. refers to Wood and Thompson, historians of Long Island, as giving an account disagreeing with Colonel Troup's deposition, he is bound to show that they had it before them [which they had not,] and on due examination, rejected it. 4ih. But Mr. Cooper's main reliance is on Judge Jones's MS., which is as ambiguous, when Mr. C. mounts the tripod, as ever were the responses of the Delphian oracle. ' In my letter of May 15th, I pointed out several mis-statements, in order to show that Mr. C. had overrated its value. J. will now cite other passages. "The General after his surrender," says the MS., "favored by the darkness of the night, attempted to make his escape ; but being discovered by the sentries, while attempting to get over a board fence, he received several strokes from their broad- swords, particularly one upon the arm.'' — The meaning evidently is, that, WoodhuU was captured without bodily injury, and put under guard for the night; but taking advan- tage of the darkness, he attempted to escape, and was wounded by the pursuing sentinels. Now (leaving Troup's deposition out of the question) this is contradicted, by all tradition; 2d, by Wood and Thompson, and 3d, by the testimony of William Warne, a loyalist, who said, while Woodhult was yet living, that he was wounded at Carpenter's, when first made prisoner. Now Judge Jones wrote his his- tory, as Mr. C. thinks, after the war, that is, more than seven years after the event. — What may he not have forgotten in that time? On the other hand, Warne was on the spot, heard his story from the light horse, and told it within a fortnight after, when it was re- duced to writing. .\I1 other accounts represent De Lancey as present at the wounding of Woodhull; but if ht was wounded when endeavoring to es- cape, (as the MS. says.) how could he be present? He must have been abed, or at his quarters, and could not have come up with the sentinels at the instant they cut him. Again, the ms. says — ''The light horse were sent to Jamaica the evening after the battle, as an escort to some prisoners taken in the action." Now the action was near Brooklyn, about ten miles west of Jainaica, so that the prisoners, according to the ms. were sent ten miles away from the army, out into an exposed village in the enemy's coun- try, where a hostile force might be momen- tarily expected; for Col. Livingston was in Suffolk County, marching westward. Majors Brush and Smith also had ihe militia muster- ed at '; Huntington, ready to inirch. Gov. Trumbull had been requested to send over forces, and the British expected Gen. Lee to land at Hellgate to take them in the rear. — Mr. Coi'per, however, interprets the ms. as saying the light horse were sent to escort prisoners (taken in the action )/rom Jamaica. Still, this does not help the diiriculty, for if the prisoners taken in the action were at Jamaica, they must have been escorted there. But Troup says, (as is reasonable and natur- al,) thai the prisoners were kept near the main body of the enemy. That the light horse were sent expressly to capture WoodhuU's party, f and prevent his driving off the live stock, which they so much needed, is highly probable in itself, and i-? confirm.ed by all tradition. Wm. Howard, aged 85, says : "On the night be- fore the battle, the light horse (who acted as scouts to the enemy,) heard where Wood- hull's party lay, and started in quest of him; but on hearing an exaggerated account of his force, they returned." The day after the battle, they set out again, and entered Jamaica village at tea-time, enquiring for Woodhull. They surrounded the house of Robert Ilinchman, a noted VVhig, who ran out of the back door but was caught and dragged to the front of his house, where he was seen by his daughter, on his knees, imploring mercy with outstretched hands, and the soldiers flourishing their swords over him. Perhaps Judge Jones may have engrat''ted these circumstances on the story of Wood- hull's capture. The MS. also says, Woodhull was com- mander-in-chief of all the militia of Lono- Island; whereas his command was limited to Suffolk and Queens. Judging from tlie extract, I should suppose Judge Jones's knowledge of local revoluUon- ary incidents (like Mr. Cooper's), might do very well for fire-side conversation, but is hardly accurate enough, I npprehend, to place him in company with Judge Marshall. I will no'v point out a mistake or two of Mr. Cooper's: The battle of the 26th should be 27ih. He also says "Oliver De Lancey became major in 1776, and lieutenant-colonel a year or two later;" whereas he was not made major till 1778, nor lieulenani-colonel till 17«I. As many of Mr. Cooper's objections have been met by the restoration of the omitted, portions of Troup's affidavit, I will here con- clude, hoping Mr. Cooper's avocations will allow him a few moments' leisure to reply to my letter of the 15th ultimo, as I am as an- xious to arrive a: the truth as Mr. Cooper can possibly be.j; Very respectfully yours, Henry Onderdonk, Jr. Jamaica, June 17, 1848. *Mr Cooper in sptting off Delancey's character says : he lose to the rank ot Barrack Master General ef the British Empire ; but he fi.rgetsto add that he was de- prived of it on a charge of dejatcation fThe British Military Calender says expressly : The 17ih Light Dragoons was detached in pursuit of the Atr.erican General WoodhuU's Corps of Cavalry col- lected at Jamaica, where Sir Wllidin Ertkine at the head oftue 17tli Dngoons and 71st foot, defeated that corps, taking Woodhull and many prisoners. jMr. Cooper has never replied to this letter. H. O. Jr. OBITUARY. Died.— At Manhasset, L. I., 8th of Ferbruary, Joseph Onderdonk, in the 86th year of his age. /S^S-X>^ He was but little over ten years of age at the time of the Declaration of Independence ; a copy of which in the form of a handbill was sent to his father (who was a Whig Commit- tee man) and which he read aloud to his fa- ther's family as they were called together for that purpose, after the noontide repast. The events of the Revolution were deeply impressed on his mind. He saw the first movements for organizing whig committees and diffu.sing whig principles. After the enemy got possession of the Island, he saw the British Light Horse when they rode up to his father's house and carried him oft a prisoner to New York- He also walked amid the ruins of the great fire in New York in 1776 and saw the naked walls of Trinity Church as they stood black and crumbling from the effects of heat. He heard while at work in the corn- field the booming of the cannon at the battle of White Plains. Here collected being in the harvest field in 1778 when his uncle rode in with an " Extra Gazette" containing the news of the battle of Monmouth- In the hard winter of 1780 he saw the British outposts as they were marching thro' the snow knee deep, they having been called in from the east end of Long Island for the defence of New York City whose harbor was for weeks bridged over with ice At the time Burr's store at Manhasset Valley was robbed and the owner shot, he was patrolling with a gun, and saw the whaleboats as they quietly dropped down the bay, and he came in contact with one of the crew who es- caped with a wound in the chin. He had often to serve as wagoner to the British forces in carting wood and warlike stores, and was once sent with his father's team to transport sol- diers' rations from the Dutch cliurch in Jamaica, to Col. Wormb's Quarters at WeMburj. At the Evacuation of the Island in 1783, he assis- ted in removing the baggage of the camp- followers, from Success Church to Newtown. He witnessed the execution at Jamaica of the two men who robbed the house of Thomas Thorne at Manhasset. He used often to repeat in the Dutch language portions of the prayer of the Rev. Mr. Rubell, a Royal Dutch Domine, who in his intercessions never forgot ^' our good King, George the third, his Queen Charlott, and the Princesses of the Royal fam- ily, as well as the Lords of the upper and low- er Houses of Parliament." — He also was one of the spectators of the execution of Nathan Hale (who was captured near Huntington) from whose lips he heard a circumstantial ac- count of Hale's last moments. He was present at the Inauguration of Washington as first President of the United States. His experi- ence and observation of British insolence dur- ing the armed occupation of Long Island left an impression on his mind which length of years could never obliterate. At his funeral the Rev. N. E. Smith of Brookville, delivered a very appropriate dis- course from Genesis, xxv, 8 : " Then Abra- ham gave up the ghost, and died in a good old age— an old man, and full of years ; and was gathered to his people." „ .^ , j , ■ Flower Hill SchooL j " Dear the school boy spot ikiA-^cJ-zL^ We ne'er forget, though theref we are forgot." The origin of this school is y i ^o ' ted in the mists of antiquity. In 1721 George Sheresby was school- n aster on Cow Necli. Rem Remsen, Sr. (who set- tled here in 1706) had given for the use of a school- master to reside on a lot of 15 square rods adjoin- ing the N. W. corner of Jacobus Hegeman's orchard. On Nov. 1st. 1745, while John Clark was teacher, this site wa^ exchanged for a lot of the "same bigness" on the N. W, comer of Jacobus Hegeman's field, adjoining Andries Onderdonk's S. W. corner, upon the highway. There being no school laws then, the ownership was vested in a voluntary association, whose names were : Benj. Akerl/, Oliver Baxter, George Baker, Sr. and Jr., Jos. Baker, Caleb-Cornwell, Sr. and Jr., Mary and Sam. Cornell, Sam, Jos., Jer. and Trustem Dodge, Dan. HejjCman, Dan. Jr. and jos. Kissam, Jos. and Wm. Latham, Joseph Mabbet, Andries Onderdonk. Sr. and Jr., Sam Pearce, John Sands Sr. and Jr., Edward and Sam Sands, Robt. Sutton, Ri. and St. Thorne and John Vanderbilt. In 174S-9 "mcholas Barrington was schoolmaster at Flower Hill." He could "teach youth ts write the usual hands, arithmetic in both kinds, with the extraction of the roots, as also navigation and merchants' accounts after the Italian manner." Surveying and navigation were well taught then for there were always some boys at school who expected to follow a sea faring life. The teachers were often from the old country and unmarried They usually boarded round. They came and went. In April, 1763, Thos. Dodge and Petrua Onderdonk advertise in the N. Y. Ga- zelle for a man well qualified to teach a school on Cow Neck, and they say he may be settled with a reasonable support. And again we find another notice in the N. Y. Mercury of April, 1773, such as this : "Teacher Wanted. — Any person well qualified to teach sctiool, by being well recommended, may hear of very good encouragement by applying to Andries Hegeraan or Daniel Kissam, Cow Neck. This was for years the only school on the Neck. In 1774 the teacher was Elbert Hegeman, Sr., more familiarly called "Master Elbert." He took the school on his own account keeping anight school also during the winters. His patrons were from 1774 to 1778 and onward : Thos. Appleby, Beiij. Acei-ly, John Bashford, Widow Baxter, \Vm Buker, J Jill Burtis Joshua Coinell, Olia. & Peter Demilt, Win. Doty, weaver, AnJries liegeman, Jona. Hutcliiiigs. Abigail Judkiiis, John Mitchell, Jacob & St. Mott, Ham Koe, Adriaii& Peter Onderdonk Joshua Pine George Rapelye, John & Ri. Sands, Capt. Sandford, John Stocker, Martin Schenck, Jos. & Tim. Smith,! John, Ben j., Rich., Mary Jos., Benj , & Dan Kissam Sands, Lambert Moore Esq., Capts. St. Thorne Sr. & Jr. VVm. Morrell, Master Elbert was probably among the most able ' faithful, and accomplished teachers. He excelled in figures, surveying, and navigation, so that his scholars came across lots 3 or 4 miles from the Head and Bottom of the Neck, and some took board n the neighborhood. Among the earlier teachers whose names have escaped oblivion -wercMaster Russel, John Parmer, Jacobus Hegcman . After the Revolution school was kept at Sam. Wood's, east side of the Meek, near the steamboat dock. Here David Underhill, and Simeon Strickland taught. A school house was also set up down the Neck in the rear of Dan. Bo- garfs, since Jos. O. Hegeman's homestead, where Miss Searing, Henry Mott, and others taught till it was burnt down about 1810, and the scholars came again to Flower Hill till 1813, when a school district was formed and a house erected on the site of the present Free Church. Its teachers from 1813 to 1835 in succession were: Aavon Simouson, James Gallup, Sands Fish, Norman Smith, D. E. Allen, 0. G. Weeks, Israel H. Baxter, Jacob Titus, Horatio Griffin. About 1779 a school house was erected in Man- hasset Valley on a corner lot opposite Dr. Chas. Mitchell's. Among its teachers were Mr. Pro^t, Abm. laton, Jas. Doch^rty, Arthur Green, Aaron Ely, John Dick, Thos. Rheay, Hugh Lyndon. AtRoslyn the teachers were Owen Ellis, in 1*8;1, James DeHanna, in 1796, Jas. Douglas, Sam. Paget Wm. Fowler, Joshua Smith, W'm. Mitchell. In 179oand four years after the State gave some money to the schools; but it was not till 1813 that the school fund was regularly distributed, and North Hempstead divided into eleven districts. From 1805 to IS 7 Elbert Hegeman,Jr., took the school on liis own account at $1 and afterwards at $1.25 per quarter of 13 weeks, and a holiday every other Saturday. Same boys paid by the day. Here follow the names of his scholars, Ave of whom are yet living. /SI- Israel and Violetta Baxter; Geo. Bennett, son of John; Henry, John, and Roliert Blades; Henry and Gitty Brinckerhotf, ch. of Abm.; Leonard, Deborah, David, John S. and Jas. R. Bartis; Rich, and Caty Corley, children of Henry; Esther Dur- ling; Thos. Francis; Dan, Geo, W., Mary. Grace Hegeman, Susan and Sam Hatchings, ch. of John; Wm.. Martha, Dan. Ireland, ch. of Daniel; Jacob and Elizabeth Jacobs, ch. of Mary; Silvanus Law- rence; Samuel and Wm. Marston, sons of Law- rence; Sam. Miller; Sam L. Mitchell, son of George; Adrian, Geo., Andrew L., Eliz., Peter and Abm. S. Onderdonk; Rem, Minnie 8., Cathrlna, Dan. and Alletta Rapelye; VVm.and Chas. Ruffle; Augustus C, Matilda Ann and Jos. Sands; Rebecca Schenck from John Mitchell's; Sam. Sopus; Benj. South, son of Ezekiel; John, Phebe and Eliz. Smith ch. of Mer- rlt; Maria Thorne dau. of Sarah; Townsend Valen- tine; Elbert and Smith Van Cott, ch, of David; Han- ka Van Riper, John Watts; Ambrose, Peggy ^and Maria Weeks, ch. of Daniel; Francis Wright. There were three teachers of the name of Elbert Hegeman. On Tuesday, April 25, 1S09, "Henry began school.'. So my mother wrote in the almanac. I was prob- ably escorted thither by our mulatto servant girl. Mary Kelley, whose indentures required that she should have schooling sutflcient to read her Bible. The building stood on an unshaded lot open to the road and 16 by 13 feet and 9 feet in the stud. It was not painted without nor pla.stered within. It had four small square windows of nine panes each with shutters. The wide open fire place and chimney on the road side had been taken down and a close iron stove setup in the centre of the room. Still later (say 1813) the house was shingled and painted red, the old back-wall of the fire place taken out and a window inserted so that scholais could see those passing on the road. There was a front and a rear door for ventilation in summer. The room was so open that in winter the large fires charred and sometimes set ablaze the flooring overhead from the heat of the stove pipe. A few cups of water sufficed to stop the burning. There was a double table of thick chestnut plank much haclied by the knives of mischievous boys. The long benches were of stout, heavy timber hewed and planed. There was a lower bench with- out a table for the little ones. The girls sat by themselves on the v^-est side of the room. Their seats and table had been newly made of pine. The scholars had to clamber on the seats and desks to hang up their dinner baskets and hats on nails. v- t** <«-^ / Thi^rcwas no outhouse of any Kuid, ami me wood pile was exposed to all vreathers. The parents brought wood in proportion to the children they pent. Tills was cut and split by the larger boys and carried in by the smaller. The first boy who came in the morning kindled the Are from yester- day's embers well covered with ashes in the stove. If, however, the Are had gone out he borrowed a coal from Buperv'sor liegeman's. The larger girls swept the school once^ a week, and once in a while on Saturday afternoons there was a grand, jolly scrubbing time, the boys fetch- ing water from the Supervisor's pump and the girls brushing the floor with a broom. There was a pail of water with a tin cup for thirsty scholars. Two boys would fetch water in a pail suspended between them from a stick. There was no "intermission." A scholar would say: "Master, may I go out ? ' He then turned a block or tablet that hung at the door, marked "IK', on one side and "OUT" on the other. Dilworth's spelling book, published in 1740, had given way to Webster; but his arithmetic, publish- ed in ITe.j still held its ground agaist Dab^ll, pub- lished in ISOO. The reading books were the Testa- ment, Bible, Preceptor and Monitor. A sheet or two of foolscap folded once and stitched in a brown paper cover formed our writing book, wherin the master set copies (unless we had copy slips); first straight marks, then pot-hooks, then large letters, then join-hand; anil proud were we when we got into fine hand. The master also with a leaden plummet ruled our books and made pens from quills that we brought from liome. He str(^pped his knife on a leather-covered book. A bottle of ink Avas made from Walkden's ink powder, each writer contributing a cent. The advanced arithmeticians after showing their sums on the slate to the master set them down in a cyphering book made of a quire or so of paper stitched in a pasteboard cover. Though we had the Rules already printed in the "Assistant," they were copied at length into the cyphering book. Spelling (out of \Vebster)'n\'as'"-the last exercise every day, and almost the only study that excited ambition and rivalry. The boys and girls stood in long rows, going up and do wn . The old pronunci- ation (at least in common conversation) had hardly got out of vogue. We often heard marcy for mer- cy, vartuous for virtuous, nater for nature, resons for raisins, &c. r j Some teachers required the little boys when they I came up to say their lessons to malie their man j ners, that is, a small sudden nod or jerk of the head. The owner of a Dwight's (Seography (a reading book) was envied by his less favored schoolmates Grammar, there was none. The school went in at 8 in summer and 9 in winter. We had an hour's noon-spdl an« were let out at 4. We carried in our dinner-basicets a few slices of ry brea d and butter with cake or smoke d beef, ail wrapped up in a white dinner clolh, never sharing our meals with one another. In winter our pockets were well filled with apples. The earlier teachers used the rod freely, and it was acquiesced in as a matter of course and a necesj j sarymeans of education; for the dull boy and the I bad boy v.-ere punished alike. It was truly said of I a successful teacher of that day: "Hewringeth the t boybytheearsand giveth him a strype on the hand with a ferule, he beateth him smartly with a rod. So with sharp correction he giveth him full instruction in the lower sci'^nces." My ears have been soundly boxed for not being able to do my sums. Theteachersnpto the time I was kept home to work on the farm were Ben j. Sands, Hugh Lyn- don, Ezra Lfe, and Mr. Qriswold. Mr. Sands had the school there three differ-nt times. He was a j good hearted, worthy man, and unmarried. He used the hickory freely. He would say with grim humor to a delinquent: "Come up here George, and let me take the dust out of your coat." Then he laid the stick across his shoulders. At another time he would call out to Horatio Q.: "Lookout, General Gates, or Burgoyne will liave you " Mr. Sands was partial to pleasant girls, overlooking their faults, readily showing them their lessons, placing a pear on their desks, or challenging them to run a race with liimfor apaper of raisins. To the less favored he was severe. I have seen four large girls standing up by his desk as a punish- ment, one of whom lie had boxed on the ears. They were all in tears. He also gave the boys pet names. One he called "Jeti'erson," another "lawyer," an- other "doctor," &c. He died July 20, 1843, aged 85. Bequiescat in pacf. K^^tf^' Mr. lyndon was a good teacher, but in years. He wore corduroy breeches fastened at the knee. He kept blue Monday and seldom staid long in a place. His most angry epithet was, "You consummate villain." Mr. L -e was the first toacher from New Englancl. He required us to call him Mister, and not Master, He introduced new and vJiried modes of punish- ment as the ferule, standing on one foot, holding out a stick at arm's length, &c. He set apart Satur- day afternoons for speaking single pieces, and dressed the hoys in character. Mr. Qriswold taught a night Fchool in 1816-7, each t)oy bringing his own candle. The scholars being overgrown and disorderly the school was discon- tinued. ginging school was sometimes kept here by itin- erant masters. The Aur&iyan association of which John Kissam was president and Singleton Mitchell secretary, met here on Saturday evenings frcm 18C0 to 1805. The questions debated were of a prac ticalsortas: "Which is the most pi'ofitable, ten acres of wheat, or corn, or grass "i" "Is Cow Neck more valuable in its present condition than when it was covered with wood ?" "Has music any effect on the mind ? If bo. what ?" When any respectalile person rode by us on the road we formed in line an i made our obeisance. The civility was usually returned with a smile and some good natured roraark. The noon spell was taken up in playing ball, pitching quoits, Jumping, hoppnig, racing, playing horse, "I.spy," "How many miles to Barnabas ?'' "Puss in the corner,'' "Here comes a great Lord out of Spain," &c. The girls in ummer often rambled along the hedges for sweet brier, mint, birch l)avk to chew, &c. Sometimes they had their play-houses and made calls on each other. The boys in winter snow -balled each other, slid on the ice or .skated on Minn/e Onderdonk's pond. Here Rulef Schenck broke in up to his shoulders, to our great alarm. Umbrellas were not used. So little feir had the gir's of being wet that after a shower they would go in the road and make mud pies There were few pocket-handkerchiefs, esjiecially among the boys, who wiped on their coat sleeves. Shoes were worn covered with leggins to keep out the snow. One youngster was nick-named "Boots," he being the only boy who wore them. There was no changing of school books. They descended from the older to the younger till worn out by use. Indeed, books of any kind were so scarce that boys often read the sums in the arith- metic for pastime. In l&ll the site of the school house was ex- changed for the present one, and the old building sold to Charles Baxter. _ _ O. ilJiiXUY ONDliUDONK. .IK. Ja /^^^>Tat-f-- Christ Church Acaclemy, Man- hasset. ; "Those that he loved so long and sees no more, Loved and still loves (not dead, but gone before), He gathers round him and revives at will Scenes of hla life that breathe enchantment still." For years the people of Cow Neck (now Manh as. set) and its vicinity who desired a more thorough education for their children tha n the common schools afforded, wei'e obliged to send them abroad or else have private tutors in their families. The Rectors of St. George's church, Hempstead viz: Seabury, Cutting, Moore and Hart had from 1762 to about 1816 kept in succession a classical school and taken in boarders. John Henry Hentz also taught French there; and Rev, Timothy Clowes had an Academy of 60 scholars in 1816 and after. An academy had been opened at Jamaica in 1793 another in Oysterbay in 1802, and Hamilton Hall in Flushing in 1806. Young ladies who wished to learn French, music, drawing, painting, embroi- dery, &c., were sent to fashionable finishing schools in New York and Brooklyn. In the spring of 1818 a public meeting was held at Allen's inn to take into consideration the estab- lishment of an academy nearer home. It was for- cibly addressed by Daniel Kissam, Jr. ; and after debate a general subscription was started. But at last it was concluded to leave the ownership and management of the Institution in charge of /he Vestry of Christ church on whose land it was to be set. In the fall as I was gathering apples in the or- chard, my father came to me and asked if I would like to RO to the new academy. I gladly accepted the offer. So on Monday morning, Oct. 26th, we (three brothers) arrayed in our best, wended our way, taking a short cut across lots and along a well-worn path in the Fox Hollow woods, to the much talked of academy, where Lewis S. Hewlett was in waiting with the Principal, who. received us bashful and awkward as Ave felt, with a reassuring courtesy, called us "young gentlemen," and con- ducted us to our seats. The Rev. Eli "Wheeler had been a tutor in the familyof Wynant Van Zandt oa Little Neck and married his sister-in-law, Miss Clarina Underbill , (Feb. 6. 1815), and by his influence had become as- sistant minister of the parish and principal of the academy. He was a good teacher, affable in his hours of ease, smoked his pipe, and was apt to pun on words and chuckle over his witticisms. A par- m sonago was built for him and lie took boarders, some of wliom studying for the ministry taught the younger \m\n\?. The clerk's desk was removed from the church into the academy, and in it pray- ers for a time were read just before the scholarg were dismissed for the day. James Cotter, the classical teacher, lial been a "middy" in the British squadron that blockaded our coast in the war of 1812. He was now a candi- date for holy orders. He was a faithful but not enlightened instructor, and cultivated the memory rather than the undeiKtandiug. We learned Mur- ray's abridgement of grammar all through by heart without conceiving wliat grammar meant. He likewise put us through the parsing exercises by rote, without our having the least idea what parsing was; or did he attempt to explain or in any way illustrate the lessen. So, too, with arithmetic^ we were made to commit to memory the rules in Daboll as a task to be learned at home. Accord- ingly our parents had us up early in the cold win- ter mornings to con our tasks eiOJiv^ed around the solitary candle on the stand, or crowd ed in the corner to study by the glimmer of the new-built fire. In reciting our tasks, it a boy missed, the one,below who corrected him went up, first giving the delinquent a smart slap on the palm with a thick leather strap which Mr. Cotter kept by him for that use. Cyphering was done on the slate onlj^ ; as yet there was no blackboard Standing up in a long line we read in Murray's Reader, a sentence apiece, going up and down as mistakes in prouuncation and 'tops were made and corrected. A part of Friday afternoon was set apart for declamation and dialogue. Composi- tion wrs not so well attended to. Willets' and Cummings' geographies were used. Flint's .sur- veying and Day's algeb:a were the text books. The edifice was 21 by 40 feet and 11 feet in the stud, It was surmounted by a belfry (when the bell got cracked a triangle was used), and had two separate entrances in front with lobbies for hats, overcoats, shawls and dinner baskets. The gills sat by themselves on the east side. Their studies were mostly the same as the boys. There was a small room up-stairs (since removed; where the classical scholars might sit by themselves. Scholars came also from Ros!yn, Herricks, Suc- cess, Great and Little Neck. Some from a «listance rode in winter and stabled their horses near by. Among the teachers were Mr. Fitch, Harry, Wni. Shelton and Ebnr. Close. Out of scliool hours thoi" visited among the Priors, Hay(tocks, Treadwells, Aliens, Apiilebys, Latons, Kapclyes, ^/foU-^ c uu t7^ c, .^t <= A. Morreils, AlitcUells, Tlioriics, bells, Nuiusi, Uewlelts, &c. Dr. Purdy htvX added to Um North Ilempstpad Library at tho Widow ^chenck'.s books of travel and history, the poems of Younga, Tliomson, Montgomery .ind Moore, as well as the works of Scott, Irving and Cooper; so that a literary culture was fostered ic the neighborhood. The young la- dies began to provide themselves with albums in which the gentlemen wrote pieces of poetry and prose, either original or selected. In the Fall of 1823 a Forum was organized with the Rev. D.S. Bogart as president An eloquent opening address was made (Sat. evening, Sep. 6thj by Wm. R. Prince of Flushing.who had a turn for poiitc learn- ing, and used to write poetry for the Z,. 7, Farmer in response to the muse of Miss E. Bogart. The question debated was : "Is duelling justifiable ?'' Ticketsof admission for a gentlem in and two la- dies, 12)4 cents. In the fall of 1S2.'J, having gone over the prepara- tory studies under Mr. Close, I quit the academy to attend Columbia College. Wel^Robert M. Sands andmysel^roseatS o'clock on an October morn- ing, and Mr. Wheeler took us in his wagon to the Flushing steamboat on which we x^assed toN. Y- Tho president frightened us by saying boys were not so well preiiarcd for college in country s choo s as in the city. However, after four days examina- tion in Greek, Latin, algebra, arithmetic and geog- raphy we were called in the chapel on Saturday at candle-light, and our hearts were gladdened at the announcement that we v^ere admitted into the Freshman class. Mr. Wheeler resigned his situation in the fall oi 1S23. He had various settlements. At one time he kept a boarding school at the parsonage of Ziou church,.Little Neck. He died in Brooklyn, March, 1861, at the age of 72. The Kev. J . P. F. Clarke next had the academy and was Rector of Ihe church from May, 3824, to June, 1832. He tolerated day scholars, but pre- ferred boarders. So the Vestry doubled the size of theparsonage, and Mr. Clarke, at his own cost, added a wing in 1828 for the better accommodation of his ;o boarders, among whom were tho sons of Caspar and Hamblin the actors, and D. R. P. Jones, since Senator and Secretary of State. He hired a matron to keep the house in order and look after the boys. Plain as the fare was he always sat on a bare pine bench at the same table with the boys and at 3 the same bread and drank the same black tea, and if his wife set a nice bit before him he did not touch it. On the Lord's Day the boarder.^ were required "To be at church and si* Y"-^T"hTviSs " To read their Bibles and their Sundaylbooks. Mr Clarke .vas a classical scholar, theoretical ra- ther than practical; hut he eolicited advice and ac- cepted suggestions from older and more skilled teachers, as Borland and Forrest in N. \ . He was fond of experimenting but readily modified or abandoned such methods as he found impractica- ble He subscribed for the Jonrnat of Education, and procured the latest and best editions of school books, and Nvas alive to every improvement: but the day of improved school books and systems of education had as yet hardly dawned. For years the same books had been in use in every school from Brooklyn to Oysterbay. There was no changing of books Mr. Clarke used Dab^ll's and Colbum's intellectual) arithmetics, Whelplcy's Universal, and Goodrich's and Parley's U. S. histories, acd Woodbridge's geography. Walker was the stand- ard of pronuciation. Mr. Clarke distinguished em- phatically between Ete«er and Eleazar and pro- nounced hyssop, hi-sop, and so with oter words. The first boy caught idling in the morning was i mounted on a'.stool and kept there as a monitor till | he espied another Idler, whom he called to take his place, and so on during tlie day. At the dismissal of school the boys had been drilled to inarch out with a military step. There were two desks on a raised platform at the north end of the room for the teachers, so as to have the oversight of the boys. The girls after a while left school. Mr. Clarke had hoped to manage the boys by ap- peals to their ambition or sense of shame, in the use of credit and disgrace marks; but severer pun- ishments came in apace, such as detention after school or on Saturdays, studying lessons standing up, or seated on the "disgrace boncli," standing on the floor with extended arm, whipping, and last of aUapairof stocks was erected up stairs under the roof, where delinquents stood solitary with their hands held fast by the wrist in a close fitting open- ing between two boards. Courts were held on Sat- urday mornings for the trial and sentence of those who had incurred bad marks during the week.! He issued in 1825 a little twelve-page pamphlet containing a prospectus and the rules of the acad- emy. For board and schooling, $120 and $130 per year, an examination at the close of each term in October and April, to be followed by a vacation of at least one week. The trustees were : Benj. Tread- well, Wm. Mitchell, Lewis S. Hewlett, St. Sell, Benj. Hewlett, Henry Piatt. Daniel Kissam, Jr.. Thos. C. Thorne, Richard K. Allen, John Sands, John I. Schenck, and Singleton Mitchell. 6«- Mr. Clarke -wns outspoken and sarcastic. He de- tested pretence and cant. He was fond of arguing, his opinions always being opposite to those of the person he was conversing with. He did not wish to seem better than he was, and used to speak of Dean Swift having family worship so secretly that a visitor did not know of it. Being asked his f age by an inquisitive person, he replied: "Call me 90 if you like." Sick headache was his great trouble. Having found his hearers listless when he preached doctrinal sermons, he became more practical, so that Fred'k Cr; Slate pencil. Id 1 A Mentor, 6s; Instructor and spelling book, 6s .' 1 50 $31.93% I was thrice connected with the academy, the last time as a teacher from June, 1S27, to Nov., 1828. I called on Mr. Clarke, who said he wished a gradu- ate of Columbia College to relieve him in teaching the languages, and that he would soon be rid of Messrs. Barry and Craft, who could teach English only. I was to have S300 for the first half year and $T0O per year thereafter. Mr. Clarke died Sept. 11, 1S76, at Delevan, Wis- oonsiD, where he resided in hia^son's family. : The Rev. Moses Marcus had the academy in 1830 and Mr. Close and others since. But in course of time the scholars fell away ; and carpenters and masons have altered it for a chapel and Sunday school. Dear old Academy, adieu ! In thy hall Great men have studied while they yet were small. And scarce was Plato's school in Greece more famed Than thou within Noi-th Hempstead's bounds wast named. It grieves me when I say a la.st farewell To those old walls that ever pleasedjme well. HJiiXKY ONDKKDOXk, JR ITorwalk G-azette. Tuesday, October Slth, 1870. New Canaan FiftfcsJx Years Ago- Rkcollectionsof Hkxp.y Oxdekdoxk, Jr., NOW OF Jamaica, L. I. • Oa the 29111 of October, 1821, my father, a farmer, living on Cow Neck, L. I., having heard that 'Squire Eliphalet St. John took boys into his family at $100 per year for board and tuition (and no extras), fitted me out for a six month's stay. He took me, my bedding and a little trunk in his wagon to New York, and left me at lawyer Silliman's, where St. John received his boys, having first hought me a cot and mattress and given me three dollars for six month's pocket monej\ Next night at 8 o'clock we went on board the Norwalk packet, Capt. Daskjfm, and put off from the dock at Peck Slip. I soon turned into my berth, and when 1 came on deck the next morning' instead of being at Nor- walk, found we had run for shelter into Hempstead Harbor, where we rode at anchor all night, the wind being contrar}^ After breakfast we got under way, and kept beating up the Sound under double reef all day, against a stiff nortlieaster. So directly ahead v/as the wind, that on some tacks we made scarcely any headway. The waves ran high, and now and then a heavy sea broke over the gunnels, wasliing the empty barrels ^»- d g ck from one side of the deck to the other. The passengers betook themselves to the quaater- deck, wher^they continued all day long, some lying on their backs deadly sea-sick. At 4 o'clock in the afternoon we entered still water, running between the rocky islets and trees tllat studded the mouth of Norwalk river. IIow tranquil all seemed! How glad we all were 1 The sea-sick got on their legs again and forgot their late peevishness. We gently glided up the channel, passed the •'Old Well," and soon reached the upper land- ing, where 'Squire St. John's wagon had long been awaiting us. A sbc miles ride, mostly up hill, took us to ou^ new home, where we were warmly welcomed, and put in good humor by a plentiful supper. AVe had fasted all day, and some had even thrown their breakfast to the fish. •ty*^ Next day we were put to our studies. There were half a dozen boarders, and as many day scholars of either sex were allow- ed to come in. We sat on bare benches. St. John did his teaching himself with the occa- sional help of his son Lorenzo. His wife had also been a teacher in her youth, and often lent her husband a helping hand. She was strong-minded, read novels as well as reli- gious books, and formed her religious opin- ions e ntiircly wholly independent of her hus- band's. He was resigned to the divine de- crees, whatever they might be ; but she told him she couldn't believe in aiiy doctrines that involved the possibility of her innocent de- ceased infant daughter being in eternal mis- ery; nor did she begin the observance of her Sabbath till Sunday morning. She was an inveterate snuff-taker. I was left free to ad- vance as fast as my application would carry me, and got on fixmously with the languages, passing tlirough H«i,ddiman'sJLatin grammar Jlidoria Sacra and the third book of Virgil, during the first term. On Wednesday and Saturday afternoons we had holidays. The boys roamed over the country, while I usually sat alone in the school-room, reading the New York Spectator and JSorwalk Gazette. In summer t'aey went batliing in a stream east of the house, picked blackberries, hucldeberries, and in the fall gathered nuts. We passed the winter even- ings in the sitting-room, in company with the family. Our table was spread economically, but al- ways a plenty of good rye bread, large loaves of which were sliced off with a long cutting- knife attached by a hinge to an oak block standing on four legs by the kitchen door. So sweet was this bread that the boys slyly cut off a piece as often as they passed it. Sometimes for dinner we only had hasty pudding with milk or molasses. No butcher ever came near the house ; but when fresh meat was wanted the flock was driven from the fields to the barn-yard and the hired man, Mr. Buxton, butchered a sheep. There was no carpet in the house except in the parlor and best bed-room. Seldom had we knives, plates or table-cloth at supper or breakfast, the bread being ready cut and spread to our hand. We had good appetites and that made up for all. There was no grumbling about our homely fare. On Thanksgiving day the dinner was a surprise. There was no end to the good things ; tur- keys, chickens, pies, sweet Indian pudding, j etc., etc. The mansion house was double and painted white. It had a stone chimney and stood on high groimd, with a row of Lombardy pop lars in front. It had a good prospect of my dear Long Island, and oft in the stilly night I stole out of doors to look in silent gaze at the i light house on Eaton's Neck. \ 'Squire St. John had a large farm but being a poor manager, when his purse ran low he took in boarders to recruit liis finances a lit- tle. Tlius he kept school at an interval of every fouif^years. He was taught at Yale College,' and was at first intended for the minis°ry. He was intelligent, well-esteemed, and had once been made justice of the peace. He had Scott's Bible, ]©«w's Encyclopedia, and many other books /which I was allowed to rummage. f-xC''"^^ The observance of the Sabbath commenced on Saturday at sundown, when all had to come in doors, read the Bible, and learn some religious lesson, Sunday schools not having yet been formed there. On Sunday morning all had to go to meeting, and any visitor who staid over Sunday was expected to go along. St. John with his wife, or some- times myself, rode together in a one-horse chair. A box wagon with bare seats and stiff wooden springs, was filled with boys, and the rest went on foot, it being about two miles. If the /pastor was absent a sermon was ^^^oflpfffd by a layman. In returning from me'^ting the Squire was often in a hurry, and without ceremony would cut ahead of all be- fore him, our vehicle rebounding over the rocks and stones in the road, so that we had to brace ourselves with both hands or else be jolted off the seat. New Canaan was the stoniest place I had ever seen. The fences were made, many of them, of rocks, and you could walk across many a field without treading on the ground at all, by merely stepping from one stone to I another. The red-roofed meeting house stood ' on high, rocky ground, with no fence around it. There was a gallery on three sides where the singers and young folks sat. On the side I hill east of it was an unfenced triangular bu- I rying-ground, much neglected. The tomb of Mr. Mitchell, the late pastor, had a railing around it and a tree over it. Here, of a Sun- da^', I have often seen two aged women w itS ^ ahort-gowna and petticoats, with home-made black silk bonnets (not hats) having a cape that fell over their shoulders to keep off the j weatlier. They rode double on a gentle na^, one on a side-saddle, the other on a pillow* behind her. As they neared the stone horsc- hloes. the animal would sidle up so that they could easily slide off on the block, when they threw the reins over the crotch on the horse - post, shock the dust off, adjusted their dress and then quietly passed into the meetiu- house. Considering the roughness of the roads, riding on horse-back was really the easiest way of traveling. When snow was on the ground some used pungs, others put a Vv'agon-box on runners, and a few rode on wheels. , The pewg were square boxes with seats on all sides, without cushions or paint. The up- per panel was of open-work. They were re-let every year, which was an occasion of much heart-burning, as one often bid against anoth- er from mere caprice or the fun of the thing. i Under the liigh pulpit was a pew where the 1 two deacons were cooped up. They could not see the minister at all. Sometimes to get rii better hearing they rose to their feet and stretched forth their heads a little. An air of mutual acquaintance i)*evaded the congrega- tion. A Mr. Benedict was so aged and deaf that he was allowed to sit in the white paint- ed pulpit beside the minister. He wore a black skull-cap, and in sermon time stood up with his ear close to the speaker; wlien he died his son took the father's seat. T.iere was a stove but no carpet in the meeting house,and no "penny collection'" was taken up on the Sabbath day. There were two services on the Lord's day the year round,withan hour's intermission for noon-spell. Most of the people brought " a bite" from home in their pockets. We had a basket of bread and butter, molasses cake, smoked beef, apples, and the like. The con- gregation were made free at all the^ieiglibor- inghouscs,and a drink of watcr^uways ready. "We went to Dr. Silliman's and bad our provi- siou^^pread on the table, and each boy car- rions portion. After the" people had finish- ed tliis hasty meal, the more pious got up a prayer meeting which lasted till it was time for af lernoon service. When the congrega- tion was dismissed, they did not linger around the house to talk, but hurned^off homeward. The pastor, Rev. Mr. Bonny, wore no cler- ical robes, but in winter had a cloak. He was courteous, and once told me he sho.uld be happy to wait on me at his house. His wife was the real, acting pastor, and by her tact was a help-meet for him. She got up and managed the religious societies of the congregation, and kept things lively, l>uring the week, all the year round , evening meet- ings were held at the church or in the school houses. "When the people were negligent in rising at prayer the deacon would rebuke them, and say : " If they were addressing an earthly potentate would they not stand up ? How much more should they do it to the King of Kings." This deacon was the butt of the captious for hisalledged short-comings. The 4th of July, Christmas and New-Years were not observed at all ; but on the first Sabbath in Januar^^ the pastor gave an ac- count of the church for the past year ; how many had died, how many were received in communion, etc. The church bell used to ring at nine o'clock at night all the year round. Shoemaking was tlie chief employment of the people. There was a number of free- thinkers who vexed tne pious soul of Squire St. John. He listened good-naturedly, and then for the hundredth time answered their objections to the scriptures or their charges against church members. For instance, they objected that Mrs. Judson went about the country soliciting from the poor, contribu- tions for her India mission, wearing a $i shawl over her shouklers. St. John said '"tliat was a prfsent to her from a friend. What would you have her do with it ?" Tliougli descended from straight-laced puritans he was no bigot. He once reproved his son for hav- ing handed some salt to the hired man on a Saturday night for him to give it to the sheep on the next day. lie said that " neither he nor his father before him had ever done a thing of the kind on the Lord's day, nor did his mother make up the bed, nor sweep, nor peel potatoes on the Sabbath." The son asked him : " why he polished his shoes and shaved on Sunday ?" He replied : "It should be done on the preceding daj'', and nothing should be done on the Sabbath but acts of necessity and mercy." The son rejoined: "Our ancestors were too superstitious." The father said: "They had foibles but we had \ f ailing s.'" I Squire St. John once owned a slave. Sib, who had dandled her master when a child on i her knee. She scorned to go "to meeting" but asserted her liberty so far as to get con- firmed in "the church." The Episcopalians were so few that the Bishop in his visitations was fain to aWjept the proffered hospitality of some rich Congregationalist. There was no resident clergyman, and services were held about once a month in a forlorn, decay- : ed edifice, a mile or so nortli of the village. I Thither Sib would wend her solitary way of j a summer's morning.arraj'ed in a white dress, j with parasol, fan and white handkercliief in I her hand. Though bent with j'ears yet at j the age of seventy she affected to be but sev- enteen ! Some slaves from constant attendance on family worship morning and evening, from youth up, had got their master's praj^ers by heart, and could roll forth high-soundiug words with such volubility that you could hardly tell whether it was master or slave that was praying. A Debating Society met in the school house where metaphysical questions were discussed, such as, " Necessity," "Free-will," »S:c. One of the school committee, B. St. John, was famed for confounding and puzzling school masters in examining them on the sounds of letters as contained in the preface to Web- ster's spelling book. A wagoner (we would call it an "express") passed by our door twice a week, on the days the packets sailed from Norwalk to New York As post a;:; ^ was then high (twelve and a half cents to Co .V Neck) he took my letters to the boat and threw them in the letter-box. The captains, Pennoyer or Daskam, on arriving in New York, left them at Hitchcock's corner grocery. Peck Slip, whence they were taken by the captain of a Cow Bay boat. So round about was the way of letters, but they reached home safely. The post ofBce was kept by a Mr. St. John, in the rear of a beau- tiful mansion, eight or ten rods from the road. , A paved walk ran through the grassy lawn I up to the house which was painted yellow. I There was here no free and easy borrow- ' ing and lending, as at home. Everything from a horse to a hoe was lent on hire. If a farmer carried anything to or from the land- ing, for a neighbor, (though it gave him little or no trouble) he expected pay for it. 'So deeply was I impressed with my sojourn in New Canaan (1821 to 1823) that I re-visit- ed the scenes of ray youth several times in after years. The last time, it was dark when I knocked at the familiar kitchen-door. The old lady with her specs ©n opened it, holding a candle before her. As soon as she recog- nized my face, she exclaimed: "Henry! Is it you ? Come in." So surprised was she that she forgot she was a widow^ and tiu-ning around liked lo bave called out : " St. John ! Henry is here." As I had thoughts of entering Yale Col- ^ lege, the following estimate of yearly expen- ses was made out for my father, by the Rev. Eli Wheeler, 1823 : Board per annum, $70 00 Tuition, • 34 00 Room-rent, 12 00 Wood, 8 00 Washing, 12 00 Use of the Library, 2 50 Incidental expenses, probably, 11 50 4!l50 00 BOSTON PAILY ADYE aXISER. FRIDAY MORNIXG SEPT. 24, 1S75. HALF A CENTURY. TWESiY EIGHT HOUltS FROM NEW YUUK TO B0S10N-i.TAGE ENTEFa'AlNWENXS-A GLIMPSE OF BOSrON AIsD CAMBIllUaE IN 1826-A STUDENX'S KEMINISUENCES, [EXTIiACTS FROM PRIVATE LETTERS ] JAMAICA, L I., Sept , 1875. Fottv-nine years ago (Aut>-. 24) I lefc my home on Lore; Island to enter tbe University of Camunag;-. To grat.ty the cunosiiy of tnencls I left oehiud, I wrote from time to time some account of wyliti m Cambridiie. As these letters are contem;..rary, and were written in my boyish clays, 1 have veu- i luieci to send them for publication. I Youis, ^"^" respectfully, He>-ey 0>'derdoxk, jk. CAMBRIDGE, Auff. 29, 182G. Dear Br other: As I am not ict fa'^'V se«'ed, l Simula not have wriuen so soon weie it not lua l su?.P0%d yoii aiHi the rest of my fnends ^"stoe aV,x?fusiobearof me. As you Un )W, lue steam- ?,oai VVashin^ton lett New York, 21th instant, at V30 o'ilocL.- We bad many passen-ers, amoutf „iw,«; «aV t he rotorious Colonel Pinck, an ostler Tkci^d colonel ot a Phdadciphia regin.c.t out ot rmonle to certain military laws. la thcevcuiop:, a caucus was held on board, and General JicUsoa «as nomi..ated tor President and Colocel Pluck tor Vic^'iesident. On tne colonel's esprc-sins Lis cettraiitation to stand as candidate he was ^ee^ld With reiterated applause. A comQiitt.M> then'waited on hib, requesUDK mm in the namcot ihPl-uierio display uis skid in mihtary tactics. Po^t anu cap with bait a dozen feathers, wmte, fmie' fed and -reen, spurs (wiih.ut boots) i-ro.ieet- inpi'ine inches or mire beliind tils le^s, k^^veut brou"bthecx.rci^estothe infinite mernmemof Ld assembled. "The Woods" on board «;;^e con- ?ome^sh.lwd retnarlis. Tbe boat was a nrst-rate lauer aid the accmmodations sood. As we Uame niar Pomi Judith ii began to raiu, and 1 was preveutetl iiom u ivinj; a gocu view oi tue numei-- ous lit;lUD(i"ses auci islatiris. We iHt the colouel at Newport, 11 A. m., a 9bowy place of ibe size of Biooklyo. It lies oa asiae- nili and rists siacot'ully from the shore. The wiud now became brisk aua tbe sails were uoisced. A oeBllcninii who had a new-ta^bioQed hat, liUe loine fosc it oveiboard. We arrived at Provideuce 3 p. M , sraues waiting for us. Oar fare oq the boat was «-8,aul in tbe staif (40 miles), §io. Had my triiik Ueen a little larger I must have pai.l tor "Pxii a baL;catie. Asn rawed incessantly tbe stage- cunaius ueie dTcfwai at)d I had only occasional V)ews of Frovidetce. but I tbought it a very pleas- ant place. Tbe bouses had door-yards with trees, sbiubs, vines and flowers, and iudicate wealtby occnpacts who seem fond of comfort rather tbaa maliina money, wbich I supnose tbey cbeerfuliy itsiRutoibe iiew Yorkers. Tbe road was of t lie tirst order. We bad good stashes and rode fast, havinj*- four cban^es of horses. Tue stas^e was cr.wded, the passengers generally moralists. One old gfenilemaa, a fanner, was a trnitanan wbo, as soon iis be found out what 1 was, said be Orin't like "Ure and brimstone preaching," that tbe N^w Eoglanders were fond of a cooler climate, &c. We )>assed ibrougb Pawtuckct, having ueihaps fifty fac- tories. The tomb-stones of tbe eburch-jards were, mary ot them, built of bnck 18 inches square, and a flat stOiie with an inscription placed on t p. Though they have had a drought here la the spnug the crops are generally good, the truit uot so good. The aLimated debates that now ensued servea to beguile the otherwise tedious tide. A lady as- serted that the human race was interior to tbe brutes and told of the sagacity of tbe dog, bee, &nt, beaver, &c. An Irisbcnsn was much vexed to have "tbe loids of creation reduced to a level with tbe brutes." "Seif-love" was the next topic, tbsu a denial of "particular privuleuce"— all things bemji referred to chance. They spoKe ot the dice- bos, diawiug-?traws, stumbling accidents, &c. A gentleman and lady railed at tbe Bible as oounteu- anciEu cruelij and wicUcdness. Hy this time we bad entered the public strest of tbe "emporium of learning" and r.uie two unies in one street. We stopped at tbe Blavlborouih Hotel at 10 r.M., 28iA houis tioiu New Yoru. I rose early in tbe morning. At hreal-iiast I mistook corn-Oiead for p(nrd-cake, it looked £0>ellow and rich, and was cjuite disgusted. Tbe sun appeared for a short time and was succeeded by a drizzling ram of three davs. as I had an introductory letter I called on Dr. Ware, who treated me wilh much civilitv aud took mc in his c/uxjte (as It IS called here) and showed me msuy public buildings, the house of Governor Hancock, and the church from whose corner-stone the name of j. Hancock bad been tDaced by British soldiers; also tbe Athenaeum, a laige building with a library, paintings and scalp- luie. Tbe State house, tbeir nohiest builciiog, answers to our city ball. Their mall, or public walk (r>n which the Bostonians pride themselves) an1;wers to our Battery and is much pleasauter. Their new marKet is the noblest Iniildin-- of the kind in Aiuenca. The stalls and cellars t'ent for S;25.C00. The old market, Faueuil Hall, still re- mains. In it were held many patriotic meeting^i lu tbe days of '76. If you will read Liionel Li icoln you will find much said of Boston in the "times ibiit tried men's souls." X Boston IS a place well wortu seeing, xus uouses are eEtireiy diflerect lu their appearaiico trom those in New York, many of tbeoi ii.ivius; liii;h!yor- naoipnted gtass piais in front, with trees like those in Sands street, Brooklyn. Tbe citv is hilly, the Streets narrow ml crooked, but cleai). As i left Boston for Cauibnctge by statof the plainest character, is discountenanced, hence some of the speeches were writtPn in a colloquial or faojiliar style. At our house there diaed some laciies that came out irom Bjstou— all well edu- cated. One read Shakespeare, aimiied Man- betb," and detected a quotation from ••Oth'->ilo" Another read Viigil, i'alian (lo go to the opera perhaps when it reuioves from New Yorkto Bos- ton), and a deal mure. She was a poetess, too. Another lady had a sweet voice, and sang with such oistinctness that I could understand almost eveiy word. 1 conversed with an elderly l,)<;y ( Mrs. Joseph Locke) who tolil mo thj Episcopal mtiiis- ter.s m tbe stone ihapei vveie Unitarians. There were booths for the sale of retresbm-nts aiountl the church. Hundreds were about tbe tents, all was tii-stle, dritkiog, gimbling and noisp. After the ceiemonies were over and the tents were removing, towards dusk 1 took a walk around and saw several honhres made. There was mecb hallooing, dancing and b^bting as at out hoi?e races. On Friday my examination was continued. Pro- fessor Otis, a very flowery preacher in the Eiilscn- pa! church here, biienerl Ciceio de Oratore. I read one passage and he said it «as satisfactory. In mathematics I was examiupd by Mr. llavward, a tutor, red-haired and freckte-faced. He pro- n( UDced me "pretty uood." T'he examination was | searching, and was held on two successive diy>. I i row wtnt to Dr. KirklaniJ. He told me toJaSUL a i chair in tbe parlor till he should be at hisure. Di- i Teatly he came and said, with a smile, if I was mas'er of "Blaii" the board voted me accepted ! without iiDilo'goinf: any turtner examination. ; , i Your affectionate brother, • ■ Henry OXDKRDOXK JE. :T H. COLLEGE PRAYERS AXD COMMONS -CLASS UKirORMS - SUNDAY EXERCISES -OLO TIME DISSIPATIONS. . ,. ia<;r CAMBRIDGE, Sept. 14, 1826. ~.Dmr Tirother i-l shall bow endeavor to give some account of tbe college. The morning bill riugs qiiaiter before six. At six we have prjyers. All students who c!o not attena mu it, after t'ae/ i miss a certain uumber of times, give aa excusa. | A snort intioductory prayer is made by one of the j oilicers,;ben a chau'er of ttia Bible is read, aocl after anoilier prayer of five mmutes the scuooucs are Oi.-missccl. Some then ro to a rcctiatioti of the lesson they have learnt the previous evcoios. Some return to then- rooms till the bieali!ast-bel!, about seven or alter. At eip;ht the studv bell rings. A!l must then 2.0 in their rooms aud continue there, even if they have no lessons to loam, unless they atterd a recitation wtiich occupies an hoar. &i one, bell for dincer; at twi;, study bell. At tive or after, bell for pravers, auo (as the c mmons hall is under the chapel) ta'ie tea as we return frum pravers. At eijiht in the evening study bell. All sincients out are liable to punishment U'jless there bo a (^-ood excuse. Mh Lunc called me to account for bemg out as late as nioe o'clock on a visit. We nave three recitations a day, occupying an hour each. At breakfast we have waim bread and cotJee. The table is painted, but has no cloth. We have, of course, plates to Jay our bread on. The cottee is not very eood, nor the butter. At dinner there is a cloth laid clean every day. tv,'0 plates, one on another, and a dish ot meat, A particular dish and a particular pud- dina each clay. On Saturday, codh^h aud potatoes l^reparedin a pan. then nee and molasses lor a dessert. When we have cleared the dish ot" meat we can hove no more; hut everytiit'is else, as bread, butter and potatoes (uupeeled), we have in abundance. fJutter is on 'he table at all timea, rho' in small (luantities. The servant is ofcen seat from our table for more. Eight or ten sit at each table on benches. There are ten tables in each ball, with "^ne servant to wiu on them. Ei3h table has at Its exireme two colite or tea pots, one mills pot aud one sugar basin. 'Jbeie 18 one advautas''— Ihe students can help themselves to as much as they please o[ anytiibitf. Cider and water are placed on the table with a eIai>.stor eich student. Totatoes are almost the only vegetable sauce we have except when we have beef and cahba me Fua^« o{ CokG 13 t£'.t;r uS7.G. j^di- aoi re- Si £reC it; perhaps I ^liouUl b.ircllv have tbomrht of it tl'weie 1 '.u t wilting to you. it is my wisli to state ' ! aU siiuply as it ij. At tiieals, if tbe tutor gets in libfore tlitj- comuiLiice catitijr, lie a-ks a blpss-iti;^: tliey generally anticipate linn. ' except ai tea. Even then they strive to vex him by pouiiue out tlieir tea, niaking some uo'se vvitu tlic teapot, or luruuvj; over as if Ov accirtcnt a bencb, while standing, for they lise when be a«k3 tbe blessing. Few of tbe otlicers live in covnin'iu?. ' Ibese the sliuleats torment wliils catiu^r, by scold- ioff the servant, settina; upalouil laugh aarl mau- mg every noise they can while eatins:. ()r:e can baldly bo heard acios? the tab'e, speakine in his orciiuary tone. The cue io out ball.who bas a vciy unpleasaut countenance and i? ajit to report stu- dents for ill-bebavior,is called '•Crum," siguityiag lu Erclisb a "bear." The most unpleasant cir- cuoistauce attendmathe living in commons 13 that every ore liist helps himself and bas no concern for another. Thus, tbose who come late havins; little left tbem of wbat is considered good must lake sucb as they can get. 'i hey eat very fast and generally finish in five or eiabt minutes. I broke oft a tooib by hastily biting on a crust of hot bread. The colleae balls, four in number, are built of brick, four stones bisb, without aoy taste. They bave large rooms and can accommodate SOO or more stu'aents. A great many board out. Univer- sily Ball, of white granite, looks pretty well. It has tbe conmons kitchen on the basement floor. C )m rcor.s Hall is on tbe second iloor, and the cbajiel on tbe thud tioor. or second story. On the next floor above are recitation rooms. The chapel has an organ, under the care of the students, acd a srallery for the professors' families, The ouild- ings are uearlv all wuhin a stone's throw of the chapel. The proiessors bave beautiful residences at some distacce from the college. Some of iha tutors live in tbe coliene balls wi h the students, 10 preserve order and watch over their conduct. Tbe students, thotrgh a liitle miscbte^'oiis at times, are much more like men than those in New YorK. It is a maxim that a lie for the bcneht of the class is collect,— that is, it it will conceal ono Irom puuisbmeut. The students arc generally unpopular among the vilbgers. Every student is obliged to weir a uuiforra dress as soon after he enters college as possible. Ihis serves to make them known wherever they go, and stops extravagance. Mine cost only g2". The fasliion of tbe coat is singular and strikes -.ne observer at once. Your class is designated by the niuuber ol sprigs stitched on ibe cufi ana collar. The caps, too, are the ugliest vou ever saw. Ima- gine a daik mixed-cloth cap tilted to the bead and on tbe top of this a shingle attached one toot square, and covered wiih the same Kiui ot cloth. i The coat is single-breasted with a straiiht collar. ANe Lave services on Sunday twice a day. to the morning tbe president preaches a practical ser- mon. He reads his discourses and has little ani- matiou. Dr. "SVare gives a 'course of lectuics m I tbe afternoon on Natural Kelisiion, etc. incie i> a ! srvmnasium where tbe stuJents exercise thern- ,'es, walking on a springy pole, or a rope, ciiniD- a rope, swinging and vaiious teats ot activity gymna selv ing we atienl bis lectures in tiolden chapel. Tne i- we ''^"■'^"■* "!; '."-^ jf ,,„c QQ oi:0 volumes arrauged in Tbc raujes of Hie douois are written ui tvery hoyk. Tlienaui" ot bollis acd Haucocu ate pamfcccl m I Jm letters on a board over tbe ^^oopt'lHe^^y^ I I Ff^ncetivelv uivtu. 1 he re are several lull-lengttt i nnr rai s iu lire libravv ot us benefactors; four ot i K'are eac'h .en feet- long, •'■'^ere,^^^:^ besule many busts of illustrious men, as Adam?, >vasa- I Sr, llnm.lton, WelhngtoD, &c. ^^^^^l^^^' ^^^^ i Ecnpts orrameuted with great care, and a book 1 nriiftedni 1480. The library buildnie: is so old that cbemaible steps are worn down consideraoly. I I he Village is two-thirds the size of Jama ca. ' Tbeie is a good deal of traveliiua throu-h it fiooi i Boston into the country, over CambiKlge bridge, i It has an Episcopal anu CongieiiairoiKU chQich. 1 ana three or four stores. A barber, tailor, seam. I stress. &c,, are supported by toe stadents. riiej ' havebmltaihpological college I'^e '>E ^\"c^' f very neat building. It is it.tiepende nt of the col- i leoe. Our rooms are swept by homely old women ! called -goodies," who also cio the cbamber work i every movniug. Many students have servants to ; oo on errands, cleai shoes and fetch water, lor the i chamber-iuaids do not put water in the pitchers. i ihe prtfessfis sometimes come around the rooms ' to see that all is well. I bave a room to myseir,- ■ No. 6, Stouahton. on the secund lloor. neatly pa- lysrcd,— for which I pay §24 a year. 1 boughfTlU open stove for ^G, a becisteail, a maple tanle, a loobing-elass, a vellovv wasbsraud and two chairs '■ —cost of all S18. "Some of the richer students uavc I splendid furniture, sofas, large mirrors, secreta- ries, rich carpels. &c. Your aCectionate brother, Hexey 0^'dekdo:nk, jk, CAMDRTDGE.Oct. 22, 1826. Dear Brother: Oo Tuesday last there was an ex- l.iijisioii in tbe college, consisting of orations, dia- h'iiues, etc., in Eutilish. Latin and Greek. The exercises were pertoimed in the chapel, and at- tended by many laciies. It is a day of aeoeral fes- tivity among tue stuoents and officers of the col- lege. The speakers generally keep a free table. that is, give an entertainment to ibeir classmates. As most of the speakers wore from our class, 1 had seveial itivitatious. lu those rooms that I visrted tbe tables groaned under the refre?bnieiits aud bottles of wiue, braudy and puncb. Mar.y felt the cflects of their revelry. At dinner they did little eli-e than roar and srng obstreperously, xiie dinner ball was a scene of conlusion, noise and good bumor. It is the only day when the dishes are nut emiitiea. ine wiueanacaue (tr.e last oi woicli was ot the best luDci) bad complotely taken avvaytbeir appetite. Tiie atternoon was sneut in riotous cou- tluct. I'lieie IS always a tutor in each entiy of the f ludents' rooms, who lives there to piesevve order; but this day they were at a dinuer given by the eover!;ment of the college, otherwise better be- havior woulQ have been observed. These excesses .seUlcm happen. ]S"ot more than two siudent-t are allowed to stand together in the college yard to talK. I have been up about an hour. I have a black fellow who makes my fire about tive o'clock, I then get up and look over my lesson so as to recite It, which Is done as soon as one can see to read. ■We atiend prayers as soon as the prcsideut can see 10 lead in a very large priot Bible. Ic is no uncommon thing to see students fall asleep; the seats, being not unlike the news of a ciiurcii, are well calculated for if. Ou Sentemb.'^r 2Gih we had liijisbed He()ge's Logic, and were examined on u la vreseiice of a c^ramittee. We next t'ok up Faley's 3Uiral Philosophy, reciting tea pages (is near ver- batim as possib'e) at a lesson. Our compositions we hand in to Proiessor Channing at his study lu 'he rear of his residence, and he makes the merit mark on tire margin. Half-past SIX A. M. Now the belli? ringing for pva>ers and 1 must go. What a scampeiius theie will be among tue tardy oiies! "Your affectionate brother, Hexky Ondekdo::^e, jh. BOSTON DAILY ADVERTISER. THUESDAY MORNING, AUG. 24, 1876. FIFTY YEARS AGO. EEMlNISCENCES OF HENRY ONDERDONK, JR., IN CAMBRIDGE AND HANSON. Today, August 24, 1876, completes a half cen- tury since I, a farmer's son, left my home at Flower Hill, Manhasset, L. I., with $90 in my pocket, to enter Harvard College. The cost of passage from New York to Boston was $11 and found. From Boston I rode to Cambridge in Morse's stage, which went twice a day and carrieJ the mail. The fare was twenty-five cents. I was let down at Ahel WUIard's tavern. My bedding, etc., came by water from New York, and was brought in by John Fairfield, wagoner. No. 17 Cen- tral street, Boston. Desirous of knowing some- thing of college life, I took room No. 19, first floor, in Stoughton Hall. My classmates (juniors) re- monstrated, and said it was a freshman's room, but I persisted in keeping it, amid sundry annoy- ances, till at last a squib was exploded one night through the keyhole of my door, and then I re- moved to No. 6 Stoughton. My classmates now called on me, and told me the pet names of the professors and tutors, and the college traainons and stories, some of which no douljt were greatly exaggerated or distorted. I boarded in commons ; Hillard, Norwood, Kich- ols, &c., were of the mess, though I changed tables once. The talk at our meals was often of our studies, criticisms on the recit.ations and standing or. the students, partiality of the professors, &c. "Why," says one, "there's Richmond, no matter how he recites, lOld Hedge will give hun 20." Sometimes at dmner one would with his fork stick a slice of meat on the under side of the table, so as to h.ave it to eat at tea-time ; and at breakfast take some spoonfuls of sugar out of the cup and wrap it up in paper to sweeten his pudding at dinner. II the doors of the eating-room were not set open punctually at the hour, there was usually good- humored disorder, kicking and thumping at the doM-s. Proper decorum was observed in the recitation- rooms, the students hardly whispering to each other. Our class recited in two divisions. Of Paley's Moral Philosophy we recited ten pages j early every morning. Wadsworth (since the gen- eral), having been up late overnight, was drowsy, but being called up from his snooze by Dr. Hedge (instead of confessing ignorance), endeavored to make up his answers as he went along. The Doctor always required the recitation to be in the author's own words, and W. struggled along till the class got a-tittering, when he diopped down in Ms seat blushing with confusion. "VV. roomed at Mr. Dan- forth's, with Fenton, who acted as a sort of Mentor to him. The Library- Much of my leisure was passed in the alcoves, to which I had free access. I looked over the titles pt the rare folios and got glimpses of knowledge I had never dreamed of. I read the State Trials, Dr. Geddes's Genesis, Bayle's Dictionary, etc., etc. I also took books to my room. The librarian (B. Peirce) had loose paper covers that he put on each book as it was delivered to the student, and took off when the volume was returned. Pro- fessors Otis and Popkin roomed in Holworthy. The other professors, who had families, mostly re- sided in Professors' row and other beautiful places near the college. .SU^'DAY3. Sunday was a quiet day. In the morning we had in the chapel a practical sermon from the president usually, or else from some one he had invited, as Dr. Colrhan, Dr. Jencks, etc. One Sun- day some students, by holding their heads do^n, seemed to be asleep. Though the president tel- dom raised his ej'e from the page, he saw this list- lessness, and blushed. Diu'mg the week these stu- dents were called up to state why they had been so inattentive. At two o'clock I sometimes heard the Rev. Mr. Otis, Episcopalian, or Dr. Holmes, Con- gregationalist. I was startled by a sudden and simultaneous clatter throughout the meet- ing-house when the people rose at prayer. The pews were unpainted and square, with seats attached to the sides by binges, and when the supports were pulled away the seats dropped and struck against the side of the pews, and made it more convenient for standing. At four o'clock we had the divinity lecture bv Professor Ware. He wore gown and bands, breeches, black stockings and shoes. He had just commenced his four years' course this term, and was now on the threshold ; that is, he was showing the grounds on which the Bible rests for its authority, the pref erableness of revealed to natural religion and atheism. He displayed much erudition in his discussions. To give an idea of eternity he said: "If you should pick up one, grain of sand from this earth at an interval of evei'j' thousand years, the earth would be removed in time, but eternity would yet remain; or, if you should take one drop of water from the ocean every thousand years the water would be ex- hausted in time, but eternity would stiU remain." To show the absurdity of the world's being made by chance, he said: "You might as easily form the pages of a printed book by the random throw of a handful of type." From the text: "The world by wisdom knew not God," he drew a lively picture of the gross superstition and ignorance of the heathen, who, though well-informed in other respects, yet knew not God. He showed the ab- surdity of the doctrines of all who did not enjoy the light of Revelation. His discourses were writ- ten with great taste, the style easy and his man- ner dignified, the language beautiful, and he reads slowly, with earnestness and proper emphasis. At chapel services the markmg monitor (Mr. "Hale) stood up facing the class and noted ab- sentees. If you came a few minutes after ser- vice had begun you were marked "tardy." Twice the students having taken a dislike to the person who prayed, scraped their feet on the floor, mak- ing a noise so as nearly to drown his voice. The president afterwards reprimanded them, and made an address on reverencing the house of God. THANKSGIVING DAY. On November 30 we had a plentiful dinner of roast turkey, pies, puddings, etc. As I was stand- ing in front of Commons hall Dr. Ware accosted me (to the wonderment of the students) and asked me to take tea at his house that evening. I was there presented to his wife, daughter Elizabeth and Ills sons Henry and John, with each of whom I had a pleasant talk. The doctor said the first generation of Puritans was more learned than their immediate successors, who had not had equal opportunities of education. He also said that John Quincy Adams thought Locke about as good a text-book to teach from asReid or Stewart. There was a seriousness in all JJr. Ware saia. iie did uot indulge in liglit and trivial talk. His con- versation, therefore, was valuable. He gave me advice us to ray reading, reconmiendiug history and books connected with my studies. "^ POST-OFFICE, ETC. Joseph S. Reed kept the post-offlce. We did not enter the house, but letters and papers were passed through the window to those outside. At night you could read your letters by the light of a cau- dle that stood in the Avindow. After the first rush for letters was over he made out a list of those re- maining on a half -sheet of foolscap, which he tacked up beside the wmdow so that he should not be needlessly called out of his back-room where he sat with his family. He could not at first catch my name. "jSFwwtmy^on, did you say?" I got the Friday's paper from New York on Tuesday and the Tuesday's paper on Saturday. On the Common almost every morning in the fall stood farmers in blue frocks with loads of wood for sale, drawn in from the country by a horse and yoke of oxen. Looking across the Common on the west side stood the little village schoolhouse where I have seen of a cool morning before school hours the larger boys chopping and splitting wood and the smaller ones carrymg it in for the day's fuel. Though students were liable to punishment for attending the theatre, yet one rainy mght (Novem- ber 1) a stage was hired and a load of us rode into Boston to hear McCready in Macbeth. I sat next Professor Ticknor, neither knowing the other, as I had left oft' my uniform. He complained of my elbowing him and I foolishly retorted. For this hardihood I became a short-lived hero among my fellows. PROFESSOR. WEBSTER'S chemistry was published while we were reciting to him. He had an assistant, but each student in turn was invited to manipulate, or to collect gas in a receiver under water. Their awkward attempts and failures were laughable. The look ef Web- ster's eyes was peculiar, and the picture of his countenance is yet fresher in my mind than that of any other professor. Monsieur Sales was instruc- tor in French. His hair was white with a queue. I bought a Wanostrocht, Nugent and Telemaqne. He was out of patience at my inaptitude. I told him I was a Dutchman and my vocal organs were not adapted to pronounce French. This angered him still more. The students often called on each other. H a tap at the door was not answered the caller passed on without trying the door. I sometimes read Shakespeare with Richmond, eachtaking a charac- ter. I knew of little of any visiting in the village. I had letters and called on Professors Farrar, Hedge, Ware and Willard. The last thought Stewart's Hebrew grammar _. a treasure ot learning. With a view ot learning Hebrew I had botight Simons's Bible and Lexicon. SCHOOL-KEEPING, About the last of November I happened to hear some students talk of going out Into the country to keep school. The lliought struck me that I would like to see a little of New England life and manners, ana also to test my capacity tor teacn- mg, so that if I failea my disgrace would not be known to my friends at home. I called on the president for permission. He got the rules, and pointing to "indigent students," asked if I came under that head? I had his consent. In a day or two, Tutor Lunt told me that Dr. Ware had an ap- plication from Hanson for a teacher at $16 and board per month. He added that it was a retued place, the people were small farmers, and I would have little or no society there. He gave me a let- ter to Dr. Kendal at Plymouth, as I would want to see the Rock. Having found Dr. Hedge a good man who had treated me kindly and given me good counsel, I now called on him again for advice in my new calling. He said: "Never turn your back on your school; obsta i^rincipiis, prevent the opportunity and mischief will seldom happen.*? I next went to Dr. Ware for final instructions. He sent the following letter to Hanson :— Cambbidge, Dec. C, 1823. To Dr. Calvin Tilden:— Sir,— I received your letter by mail this morn- ing, requesting me to procure a school- master. I attended immediately to the subject, and am fortunate in being able to procure one who I think will answer your wishes. Mr. Henry Onderdonk, jr., a respectable scholar of the junior class, has engaged to be at Hanson on Friday night, so as to begin his school on Monday following. I suppose this will be sufficiently sea- sonable notice for you to be ready to have the school opened at that time. I hope and trust that his residence with you will be pleasant to him and useful to those who will be placed under his in- struction. Yours, very respectfully, Henky Ware. HA>-sojr. On December 7, I left Cambridge for Boston, and found I must take the New Bedford stage. I then went to the barber's, and ealled on Mrs. Joseph Locke. I slept at Brigham's tavern, arose at six o'clock and went to the stage-house, and waited till seven, then rode about Boston to gather up passengers. I had a cold ride without break- fast. In conversation with the passengers (among whom was Rev. Dr. Dewey) I gathered a few hints on teaching geography by the map without the definition of rivers, lakes, etc., and also English grammar by referring to sensible objects in teaching nouns, etc. I left the stage at North Bridgewater at 12 o'clock, paid 25 cents for a poor dinner, and gave the tavern-boy a dollar to clrive me five miles in a chaise to Hanson. He set me down at Dr. Tilden's. I then went to the door and knocked. It was opened by a good-looking, well- behaved girl with a courtesy. I asked if Dr. Tilden lived here? "Yes, sir, will you walk in?" I fol- lowed her, and was helped to a chair, bat I pre- ferred standing before the Are. I told her I was sent by Dr. Ware to teach the school. She asked if I had ever taught before? I said "I had assisted in an academy," being ashamed to confess myself a novice. She said "the school was easy to govern," alluding to the di-orderly behavior of some schools. I replied : "I had no fear of that," pretending that I was very strict. irroiii a coriiei uuui iiuvv euttiieu a iiiue man ■with a smile on his face, old-fashioned. This wa=; Dr. lilden. I advanced, gave hnn my hand and name, which I suppose he did not understand. I a'^kedif he was "Dr. Tilden who had written a letter to Dr. "Ware," telling him I was sent by Dr. Ware. After a little conversation I thought of my letter of introduction, and handed it to him. He could not at first make out my name. After readin"- my letter he appeared more pleased. He aWed if I had taken dinner. Aftei some farther conversation he proposed our riding to the school agent's. The doctor then put his nag before his well-worn chaise. After enjoying a very interest- ing ride we stopped at the agent's. His wife, who was busy boiling mince-meat, said "he was gone out." The doctor left me there and went oq to visit a patient, and I conversed with the lady, who was a Trinitarian. As we were returning homeward, we met Mr. Bonny, the agent. On beine told "this was the schoohnaster," he asked "for how much I was to keep?" He said : "The master must board where he could be boarded cheapest," This 1. did not like. Dr. Tilden replied that I "should be put in a good and respectable hou^e." We then stopped at the widow Barstow's; her husband, the minister of Hanson, had lately died. The doctor went in without knocking. We were received by a pert young miss of seven teen (afterwards found her a very good girl), were shown into the keeping-room with a painted floor. "This," the doctor said, "might be my fuUire boarding-house." The doctor asked for her mother and sister. Sarah soon came down stairs. She stooi>ed a little, and wore black buckskin shoes She was rather pale, and had on a blue bombazette? Jane had on a dark calico, and spoke quick. I was introduced as "the gentleman from Cam- bridge." The old lady wore a black dress, and ap- peared lather stern. When asked if she "could board the schoolmaster," she replied that "he had been used to fashionable life and could not take up with their coarse fare." Though embarrassed by her severity, my sense of politeness obliged me to make some' complimentary answer. However, after some talking it was agreed that "if the gen- tleman would take up with their living he might come." N. B. The old lady was on a visit to a neighbor's as I passed by the door, when the host- ess said: "Yonder goes Dr. Tilden with his Cam- bridge fop." The good folks, I believe, really thought me a "Corinthian," for they see little of city fashions. My broad-brimmed beaver, cane, pin, uniform coat, and pantaloons gathered up before so as in appearance to have no falls, must have excited attention. My gold watch, had they seen it, would have added to the rest. The very fact of being a student from Cambridge was enough in itself to raise me in their estimation. On our return home I was made uneasy by the pains taken to give me tea. Two kinds of cake, two of pie (for tney have pies for tea here), to say nothing of other good things. Tlie doctor had a very good collection of books, among them Brews- ter's Encyclopedia. In the evening I had a spirit- ed discourse with him. 1 impressed into my ser- vice Paley, Locke and Stewart, and discovered here that a little reading will enable one, for a short time at least, to appear learned, for most of ■what I said was drawn from three mouths' study at Cambridge. 1 also spoke oi me errors oi education. Tliis was to the point. He tliouglit as I did, and told me how he had labored to get seien- tilic teachers in the schools. We talked very briskly till 9 o'clock, when I was shown into a convenient chamber, and what pleased me was a substitute for a washstand on the landing of the staircase. The bed was curtained. Thinking of my novel situation, the difficulty of keepiuo- ray school in order and making them learn, scfdis- Iracted me that I slept vei-y little all night. In the morning I arose somewhat late, had a good break- fast and then the Dr. began on the Trinity and was quite earnest. This talk was partly inter- rupted by the school-agent, who could find none to take me cheaper than Mrs. Barstow. He was pleased to find me a Trinitarian, but abruptly left us saying: "The Dr. and schoolmaster must visit him and then talk it over." The Dr. took me before dinner to the widow's, saying, "If 1 was not pleased v,'ith the family he would be mistaken." I replied: '-'So would I." He then carried my trunk in and I followed.* As it was near noon I stood up by the Are and con- versed freely with the family. Perhaps I was rather pedantic, for when a plate split in two by the too sudden aoplication of heat I showed the cause, referring it to chemical agency, and recommended the study of chemistry. Our dinner of codtish, boiled simply, potatoes and a gravy made by frying pork cut in strips, with brown Indian bread (the usual Saturday's dmner), was rather forbidding, but I yielded to circum- stances and ate with a good grace. An apple-pie concluded our homely fare. This became to me a very good dinner ever after. To show my conde- scension I put shingle panes iu the kitchen win- dows. I next took a view of my schoolhouse, which I found very open, old and poor, like many on Long Island. It was not painted ; a fire-place was at one end, with an entry on one side and wood-closet on the other. The tables stood on three sides of the room, and the girls had to step on them t.o hang up their bonnets, shawls and dm- ner-baskets. There were rude benches, without backs, for the smaller children, in the midiUe of the room. On my return Sarah told me that she had taught in the summer, and I asked her the mode of teaching and talked over school affairs generally. Without her advice I should have had poor success. I borrowed her copy-slips; (piills were in use, and I was an adept at pen-making. The school, which I supposed was less than thir- ty, I now fouud would exceed forty. I slept very little tliis and the next night from the school-fear, Before retiring I had a piece of cake— the same kind that was on the tea-table. By the way, our tea was more to my notion than the dinner. We had black tea and good plum-cake. I had a large, airy bedroom alone; a brass warming-pan had been passed through the sheets to take off the chill. The girls' dresses hung up in the room. The books ou the mantel-piece were Leslie's Re- view of the Deists and Morse's Geography. There was a table with a white cover and looking-glass, but no wash-stand, the morning's ablution being done in the kitchen. Our breakfast was o£ ry>e- coffee, rye-cakes fresh baked in a pan, and niieat —all very good. The brown bread was excellent also. On Sunday morning we read a chapter in the Testament as an act of devotion. I did not go to meeting, but ou asking Jane for "the text" she could not tell, it was a question my tatlier always asked ot me. In the evening a wood-fire was kind- led in the parlor, the floor of which was painted in fancy patterns, and Sarah introduced me tQ two of the heaux. On Monday morning, with troubled mind I went to the school. Dr. TiUleu having marshalled the scholars they rose to honor my entrance. I ap- peared as large as I could, and conversed a little with the doctor. When he left I made an off-hand address to the scholars and took down their names, which, as they were very long, was trouble- some. (This list I yet have.) 1 then heard them read. I was much confused. They could not understand my high-flown language. As I knew not the names of the scholars I could call them to me onlv by signs, and these they would not understand. The uncouthness of some of the chil- dren also smprised me. So ill-bred were they that they would not answer me politely, but made an ignorant stare or insignificant grin. Thus was I, a scholar of Harvard College, in the district school of Hanson. Sarah felt sorry for me, and thought I had no idea of the kind of school I was to take, and that I would soon leave. But I continued and was commended as a teacher ; the rough edge of the children's manners grew smoother, and we got along vei-y pleasantly together on the whole. Some apprentice boys had boasted that they would not let the master flog them, whereupon Dr. Til- den came in school and said if any boy resisted the teacher the trustees would come in and inflict corporal punishment. There were boys large enough to have pitched me out of the window, but these were the most orderly of all. Puzzling questions and hard sums were sent in to me by those who wish to sound the teacher's depth. Drs. Ware and Hedge had forgot to cau- tion me against these intermeddlers, so I accepted the questions in good faith. Some I solved, others I did not. The society in Hanson was sufficiently pleasant. Seldom was an evening's conversation carried on without some religious argument. Twenty years before the people, except two or three, were of one belief. Afterwards a few became Baptists, some Arminians and then Unitarians. The church was now thinly attended ; the pastor, the Rev. P. How- land, was a Hopklnsian. I called, by invitation, on Mr. Barker. He lent me Ballou's book on Universal ism. He had soup and pork for dinner. Not being used to fat salt pork I swallowed the slices whole without chew- ing. I also, on an evening, played cards with the ladies at Dr. Hitchcock's. The doctor could not pronounce my name, so he got a piece of chalk and had it written on the top of the Franklin stove so that he in ight spell it out. He was an army surgeon in the Revolution. He said (on learn- ing that 1 was Dutch) that he once on a Sunday morning stopped at a tavern in Jersey, and there was a crowd of people within and without. Re- turning in the afternoon he called at the same tavern, and all was lonesome. On inquiry the landlord said the crowd he saw was the Dutch con- gregation, who had now gone home. I felt ashamed that the Dutch had such a reputation, but I felt his description must be true from what I know of the drinking habits on Long Island be- fore and after church services on the Lord's day. On leaving school it was with regret that I parted with the amiable family where I had passed so many banny hours. I gave souvenirs to the daugli- f-ters anii-myTOGm-fumiture at CambrMge to tiie mother as a recognition of tlielr kindness. Mv success m teaching at Hanson dcterminca mv fu- ture vocation in life. ■' On leaving Hanson I called on Rev. Mr. Allen of li-embroke, who also carried on farming to eke out a livelihood. He took me on Sunday eveniuo- to a wedding The couple to be marriea stooTl un alone. He read a certificate from the justice of the peace, made a few remarks, the parties closed and loosed hands, and a nrayer closed the simole cere- mony. We then had the usual entertainment. We had so free and easy a conversation that on mv taking leave he playf ullj forgot my name and said : Mr Orthodox, when you come this way again I sha:i be glad to see you." '' "" " ^ j MX COLLEGE TEEM BILL FROM SEPTEMBER 1 TO DE- CEMBER 20, 182S. Steward & commoife S3 50 Board in commons ". 24 2 > Rent of room ". .' g nn Careofroom ......'. 2 20 Instniction 9n nn UseofUbrary j nn Books bought 4 Ys lectures 1 no Fire-wood .".'.".'.'.".'.'.'.'.'.'.'.' 5 40 Catalogue, commencement dinner, etc ..'....'. 60 Kepairs j qj Total ^YTs ♦The Pr. said llie school committee would not examine me for being a college student I was ipso facto ciualihed; but he handed me this paper :— -f ^ 1 . -r.,- _^<^ .X. . „ Hanson, Dec. 9, 1826. _ i his certifies that the school committee of Hanson hav- ing satisfied themselves respecting the literary qualifica- tions of Mr. Henry Onderdonk, jr., do appoiit him as a teacher ot one of the pubUc schools iu said town. Per order, Calvin Tilden, For and in behalf ol the committee. ^%^ THE GREAT DAY. The Nation's Centennial Anniversary and Its Observance in Jamaica 'aiiiniea Gay in Uii> tiiiK ninl Firpworks — The Public ."•'cliool Flag Raising and tlie Programme of Kxerciscs at tlie Town Hall — Henry Onderdonk's Historical Ueminisen- • ces for Everybody to Read — Tlio Celebra- tion Elsewhere. The night of the third of July saw the beginning ot the deafening noise that was to be expected on the Fourth, and it was continued through the night. The firemen had taken extra i)recaution to guard against the destruction of property by having their machines equipped so that horses could be attached, and men had been detailed to duty with military discipline. It was only natural that they should m ike all the noise possible, and when the meandering youth with guns, pistols and small cannon added their thunder to that of the horse fiddles and fish horns, it became a pondemonium that murdered sleep and called forth the execrations of the less patriotic and slug- gish. THE BEAUTIFUL DAWN of morning left no doubt that 'old Sol would scoi-ch and burn with a fierceness equal to the few preceding dayp, and made those who loved quiet and comfort betake themselves to other regions. Eockaway was the favored place. Still, enough re- mained at home to make the celebration interesting, and there was no apparent diminution of interest, or "cessation of hostilities" by Young America. The can- non for which the Committee paid §60 was about equal to one or two owned in the village which could have been had for the asking ; but as it was only anxilliary no particular interest was taken in it, and it could well have been dispensed with. THE FIRST OF THE EXEICISES. It had been arranged that the new flag for the school building should be raised at half- 153 st eight. The attendance was quite large, but the exercises by the school did not justify the previous announcement. Very few of the children took part, and the singing was weak and uninspiring. Miss Addie Pearsall raised the flag, and Lewis L. Fosdick, Esq., delivered a very appro- priate address — liberal in its conception, patriotic, and imbued with commendable public spirit. "Let criticism be full and free, but let it be fair," said Mr. Fosdick, and every liberal mind will say Amen ! THE PROGRAMME AT THE HALL. At ten o'clock the large room of the Town Hall was three-fourths full. Rev. J. V. Saunders made the opening prayer. Miss Holland read the Declaration of Independ- ence, and John J. Armstrong delivered the oration. Mr. 'i'readwell read his original ode, composed especially for the occasion : THE CENTENNIAL ODE. From each mountain's granite peat, Where the eagles refuge seek; From each hillside, from each plain, Where is heard the shepherds' strain; From the city's strife and din, With its wickedneps and sin ; From each hamlet, village, town, From each farmhouse old and brown; From our whole united land. To its uttermost expand, let the shout From the hearts of all ring out, That a nation glad and free Celebrates its jubilee. Free from Maine's untrodden enowp, To where the Rio Grande flows; Free from the Atlantic's waves. To the coast Pacilic laves; Free in Lact as well as name. Write it on the scroll of fame, Read it, all ye nations round, ' Head it ye who've long been bound, Head it writ by truth's own migbt, Every man shall have his right. Worth alone. Based on raeiit we enthrone, And invite tbe world to see, Freedom's own prosperity. We have maidens bright and fair, Pure as wbite wiiigea seraphs are, We have men as bold and brave As e'er fought their land to save, We hnve manliood in its prime. Youth to guard our future time, Age its wisdom to impart. Freedom's home to cheer the licart, By the present aud the past We will swear tliat to the last. • We'll defend Freedom's birthright to the end ; For her glories take our stand And jirotect our native land. God and country be our boast, 'Mid life's changes uppermost. Scions of a noble stock, 8ous of men, of Plymouth rock, Sons, whose fathers side by side, Fought in Freedoms cause and died; Men above ignoble tricks, Martyr men of sev'uty-si.f. Let us worthilj' engage, Pure to keep our hciitage. Worthy prove To the names we honor, love, Cherished, for our nation's worth , Through their death throes wrought its hiilli. One hundred years I What hopes, what fears. What joys, what tears, What p] ogress made, What error stayed. What might displayed. Where once a wilderness appeared. Where once the savage foe was feared, Where scarce a white man's foot had trod. Or ploughshare turned the pristine sod; VVhere o'er a vast and wide domain. The savage and wild beast held reign, Now city, town and hamlet stand, While all about, on every h.^nd. Prosperity has blest our land. Titanic po\^er. Crowns eveiy hour. On every hand, Thi' triumphs grand. Of hODest toil we see. Millions of hands. Like iron bauds I-lold in their grasp, With firmest clasp. The fruits of industry. From Maine unto the Goiden Gate, From Oregon to Soulhmost State, Each mighty river, lake and stream. With tratic's busy minions team; From valley, plain, and mountain gorge,* The smoke ot furnace, noise of forge; Tne mingled hum of busy whor-ls. The magic pulse of commerce feels. The giant steam. Like fabled dream. Wakes into life, To aid the strife. The Iron steed ils master knows, Harnessed by science 'gainst ils foes. On beds of steel, with raiglity power. Dashing at fifty miles an hour. Plougliiiig the sea, lielentlessly, . • ThrowiiiiT the spray. As if in play. The proud ship starts from home away. Magnetic wire, With tongue of lire, Man's wants maUu known. From farthest zone, Along the ocean's briny bed, With miles of glinting spray o'erliead; Through forest deep and mountain glen. O'er prairie vast, where e'er hath been. The foot of man, there soteuce rears Her trophies, crowning all the years, I'rogiess appears on every hand, Ours is a most progressive land. The lad oi "sey'iity-six" knows more: Of science, than the man of yore; Each college and academy, A bulwark is of liberty; And knowledge helps in eveiy state, , Our freedom to perpetuate. Our laws have opened wide the door, Knowledge is frye to rich and poor ; No law of caste or irktoine rules, God bless the nation's common school.'Jv. Our cburch and State Are separate. While conscience free, We worship Thee, Oreat soarce ol all divinity. Dark were tlie days at freedom's birth, 'Tho hope had not forsook the earth; Sturdy men were the men of yore. Hearts of oak in their bosoms bore. Many a name, Nnro ii«ar tO fame, iaU pur Wash,.g. We stand upon the threshold of another centurv But no plummet can determine its depth of mVsterv • We are ages m advance of a hundred vearsa-'o ^ ^ ' And^^wl.o^can tell the progress the Vext' century will Un,VvHm,?!^'r "^ f^"'""'^''' fl'-'velopment* of art, Uu.avellmg of mysteries that now we know in nart • Vhl r'nl!^V'%°^ philosophy yet feebly unZrs oo'^^ ' hood ; ^^" '" ^'"^ "'^"''^'"'^ in common brother- Relations'that our system bears to all the starry spheres • T'^7e,':-^f«'"''>«'^«avens, through the ma^y "iycHng '^"'"'liTircrusf.'''^""'^'^^^"'''"^ ''^ ?'••""■'« "-umtr. Rl'uH^n'" ",'.'""1'^^ "''■"'''■«' have been resolved in dust Relation mat_tor bears to mind in all its mysterv Wh'elvlnst ;f t ' '^"V'^"'"r ''"^ "e'-^^u'cs'of t'he'sea; bikl.'orBnUe"'^ '""" '■"'^°" ''^^"^ '"^ "-"• - ^'■'shoor"'' '"■'' '° ^^'■'"'na'e or tender shrub to Great God, before Thy pearchinsr eye, All darkr ess fades, all shadows fly, On Thee alone we may rely. And Thou alone canst satisfy. Unveil the brightness of Thy face. That shadow may to li6;ht eive place. And man inspired by God shall see, What now is wrapped in mystery. Our country, land of all the earth, the one tou.j most fair, Where rich and poor, and high and low, breathe fiee- dom's holy air; Where the i oor man is tlie peer of the wealthiest in the land, And the only test demanded is an honest heart and band May thy banner always wave in its maJL'Sty and might. The exemplar of true freedom and symbol true of right, That the nations from afar, as they gifte from o'er the sea May honor thee, Columbia, land of the brave and free. Eev. Dr. Van Slyke followed in a brief address, which was well timed, and fitly chosen. Henry Onderdonk, Jr., Esq., was then introduced. It was his allotted part to read an historical essay of the men and action of Jamaica a hundred years ago ; the part her sons took in the war for iudepend- endb, and the revolutionary incidents connected with Jamaica. Mr. Onder- donk had but just entered on the most interesting par^ of the narrative, when the bells began to ring, and Mr. Bal. \ lard, without any apology to Mr. Onder- donk or the audience, announced that the exeitises would close with the singing of the " Star Spangled Banner." The histor- ical address was regarded as the most in- teresting feature of the day's exercises, and the abrupt and ungentlemanly manner in which it was eliminated caused just and general indignation. There is a very general demand for the publication of the address, and we cheerfully comply, givino- so much thereof as space will permit in this issue, hoping to conclude it in our npxt. IllaminatioiL? and Decoratioiis en tho4tii. IN JAMAICA. At the residence of Col. Aaron A. Do- grauw, President ,of the village, there was a display of tlre-works—rookets, fireballs, colored lights, lire-balloons, etc. The spacious grouttds in front were ta,stefhlly decorated with flags, colored la^tei-ns, and other designs; the lanterns hanging in grouds and festooned under the trees so that the general eiToet was very beautiful. The front of the house was also tastefully decorated with flags and lanterns. There was a largo company of ladies and gentle- men assembled, and the lavish hospitality of the C!oIonel and his family was much en- Joyed. An incident of the cver-irig here was a visit of the "fire laddies" who ware handsomely entertained and- who left with "Three cheers for President Degrauw and his wife." The decorations at the resideneo of Geo. n. Greed were tastefully arranged, and showed good judgment in tho matter of arrangement and selection of articles used for the occasion. Mr. Creed had 1 ho larg- est American flag floating, in tho village. Mr. Abm. L. JDogart's residence presented a very neat and acceptable appearance. If the Union colors ever showed to good ad- vantage they did then and there. Illumin- ated in the evening. Stehlin's segar store, and Barget's drug store looked uice, and were tastefully ar- rayed in flags and evergreens. Peck's Hall of Pharmacy attracted mueli attention. Tiio docoratii>n3 Wrire oiaborat€ and handsome. In one of the lavge froni windov/s wore tasteful transparent papc. figures, 1776, and in the other 1876. Flag, covered tho building from roof m sidewalk a l£,rgo circlejoi flags Avith an eagle lu tli^ centre, swung in the doorway. At nigh all the frout windows in the building wer illmainatod withia candle in every pane d glass, relieved by two small flags tria,ngu latcd, and colored lanterns swayed acrosi the front. BenJ. Y/. Vandervoort decorated the Post OlSce window in a neat and tasty manner, and when illuminated in the evening, had a pleasing effect. B. Faber, next door, shoe store made a grand display of iiags and il-* laminations in his window. The decorations at the rooms of the Eod and Rifle Association, both inside and out, elicited the praise of all observers. At night the Illumination was very attractive and haiidsoiao. Much to the disappoint- ment of the Association and the public, a large number of whom had assembledi patiently waiting for the "l^and to play," tho jiiiisicians failed to put in an appearance. ' Centennial Hall, on Wasliington st., as well a.8 the dwellings of Messrs. Joseph B. and John Everitt were elegantly decorated ; the Hall was a beautiful sight, viewed from, any point, bedecked witli flags of all nationsi wliilo high above all, proudly fioatod thoi stars and stripes from the stalfs on either, end of the building. Mr. Charles H. Huntting made a. grand display of flags, both outside and inside of his dwelling. Illuminated in the evening. The following list comprises some of the most pronuuent decorations of tlie day : On Fulton St., George Snary, ex-Sherif Durland, J. B. Kolyer, Mrs. SpIUett, Jacoi Gins, Geo. M. Bcjinett, Nostrand & Semson Mr. Marten, Richard Brush, James T. Le^ Is', Eiijali Raynor, Thos. W. Clary, John El Briackerhoff, Edf7ardsBros., Geo. E. Till^ Nathan Cohen, Jc-;. T-emiisrd, E. W.Halse; "Fulton club," Paul Barthol, Brush's Coj tral Market, Dr. &. Sendrickson, Hon»Mo ris Fosdick: Ephraim Baylis, John "Wois; Smith B. Crossraan, Cojiklla's Photo Gal lery, Jas. A. Flaury, Ph.ilip Hardonbrook Mrs. Jolm M. Johnson, Mrs. S. L. Spcider Jolm H. Sutphin, Bcnj. E. Vandervoort, Ezra W. Conklln, Abm, H. Eemsen, Johr Hirst, Frank G. Crossraan, Mra. S. J. Young George W. Damon, Thomas J, Wayno and Biehs.rd Eustced, On Canal st., Foster B. Hondrickson, L= M. Jaggar, Amos Douton.' On Puntina St., Charles Welling, Wm. L. pontou, Mrs. Orchard. Abram BeBovoise, and Joseph Ashnicad, on Soutbst., mado a very attractive display Oi Lao's, .ountiiig and color3cl Ij-iitc-riis. On Clinton ave., Dr. Beldia, Geo. Skid- more, Col. Wm. Cogswell, Theo. J. Cogs- well, Bev. G. Williamson Smith, Peter W; Remsen. On Union ave., Stephen Shannon, Augus- tus Treadwell, C. H. Harris, B. F. He^i;etl. Mrs. G. S. Bennett, Hondrick Lott, Prot. Eng. Co. No. 1, Hook and Ladder Co. No. 1, Itichard Ehodcs, Jolm C. Acker. On Horriman ave., Mrs. M. L. McCormick, A. Dunham, Samuel S. Aymar, Benj. Rob- ertson, Wm. Shaw, Lewis L. Fosdiek, Benj- J. Breuton. Union Hall st., Hon. Alexander Hagner, J. B. Robertson, Mrs, Shelton, Jos. Bowden, 0. J. Stewart, John M. Crano. Wo liavo endeavored to name all who decorated or illuminated on that occasion: if we have omitted any name it is an ovor- sight. The St. Joseph's Brotherhood !iad a pic nic on Prospect Lawn. There was a very large assemblage who had a good time. The Capiiiie ot Fori Ht. «;c'orgc. a? iiastl*-, on the South Side nt Imuk Islam!, BT COL. TALLMADGE, NOV, 22, 1780. During tho Kevolutionary war the British had possession of Long Island; and their adherents occupied the houses and lands of the Whigs who fled from their home?. Among the refugee Whigs from Suffolk county was Gen. John Smith, whose pos- sessions covered several thousand acres of woodland now in tenure of E. Tanjore Smith. Having heard that the enemy were cut- ting off immense quantities ot his wood and sending it to the New York market where it sold for a high price. Smith applied to Gen. VVashington for a force to be sent over to dislodge these depredators who had erected a substantial Fort and a picketed enclosure for their defence. Col. Tallmadge was entrusted with the management of a secret expedtion for this purpose. He crossed tho sound with So men, hid his boats in tlte bushes by tho water side and marched by night across the Island, from Old Mans to Mastic. On his route he called at a house where Mrs. Smith T/as staying after having been driven from her own by the loyalists, told her his destination, and expressed an ap- prehension that in the conflict he might be compelled to destroy her house which the loyalists had embraced within their fort.— " Destroy it and welcome, if you can drive out those Tories," replied this patriotic dame. Tallmadge now took Wm. Booth for a guide and as he neared the sentry of the Fort, he crept along the ground, and watched till his bick was turuod wheu he rushed on and tiie sentinel was dead be- fore he knew whence the bayonet thrust came. The I ort was at once invested and the w;itch-vvord "Washington and Glory " was shouttd forth sioiisitanoously on the three sides, as the victors cut down the pickets and rushed into the centre of the parade. Thus v\ !is the Fort taken by sarpri&e and almost without a blow. Aa the victors stood elated with joy a volley of musketry was discharged on them from the 2ad story of Mr. Smith's house, which formed a cor- ner of the stockade. In an instant the doors were broken in by the enraged Americans who darted up sttirs and pitched all ihe men they could lay hands ou out of the windows — they having forteiue I their iivoj,, !,y tiie rules of war. All vvould have been massacred on the spot had not Col. Talbuadge humanely interfered and Elopt the carnage. In 10 minutes all was quiet again. It was now sunrise, and never did Sun rise more pleasantly to exulting captors. Having secured their prisoners, demolished the fort, burnt the vessels at the dock, and ^lestroyed an immense quantity of goods, they set out on their return, and as if this were not glory enough for one day Col. Tallmadge, on his way back, detached a party to Corum, who burnt an immense quantity of bay stacks (300 ton), intended for the British Cavalry in New York City. There was no exploit of partisan warfare during the whole Revolution that exceeded this. Col. Tallmadge in 21 hours marched 40 miles, captured a Fort, destroyed all the military stores, burnt 300 tons of for- age, and carried off upwards of 50 prison- ers ; and all this without the loss of a single man ! We need not wonder that he received the particular commendation of W^ashington. The vestiges of the olt] Fort are still td be seen at Smith's Pt.iut, Mastic, where the writer iiereof was shown and told many things that have never yet found their way into history . The Col. committed the pre- ceding plan a,nd sketch to paper for the benefit of his children who now possess the maauscript. Fort St. George was OG feet square, and as \> ill be seen by the above cut, wfis con- nected Ijy a strong stockade with General Smith's Mansion and a smaller housCv Those were both barrioaded, and troui the larger house, it v/ay, that the Tories tire,d on Cul. Tallmadge attor tiie capture of the i''ort. The doited line denotes the, passage I .' Cvl. Tt;!Li.adge thropgh the pickets and ,■• re into lao main Fo^'t, ,, • Hkis^^^uJUEBDOnk, Jr. ATTACK OX LLOYD'S WECK. Jaly 13th, irSl. LONG island's CONTRIBUTION TO THE CENTENNIAL, B Y HENRY ONDEBDOKK, JR. LONG ISLAND SOUND. 4 .5 33 ^ ColASpring. The repulse of the combined French and American forces at Lloyd's Neck, July 12th, 1781. — Narative of a spectator of the conflict. During^ the Eevolutionary war the British took possession of Lloyd's Neck, and erected a small i<'ort there for the pro- tection of woodcutters, who were mostly refugees from New England. Lloyd's Neck, at that time, was covered with the finest and largest growth of timber im- aginable, some trees growing to the height of 40 or 50 feet before a single branch put forth. The refugees gained a livelihood for themselves and their families by cutting down these noble trees for fire- wood, and sending it to New York, where fuel was in great demand for the use of the King's army cantoned there during the idle hours of winter. The Americans had made sundry pre- datorial attacks on this peninsula by night, and carried ofE some property and prisoners, but on the arrival of the French tieet at Newport, it was concluded to fit out a more formidable expedition in hopes of exterminating this troublesome nest of refugees. The expedition failed as to its main ob- ject, from an ignorance of the real strength 'of the post, and of the localities , but it re- sulted in alarming the enemy so muchi ■that they soon after abandoned the post. This affair on account of its failure, is not described in any history of the Revolu- tion, and is barely alluded to in a letter of Washington. This must be my apology for giving a sketch of it from memory as it was detailed to me by an eye-witness, "Wm. Ludlam, of Hog Island, who lately died at a very advanced age. Mr. Ludlam was not a Whig, but from his quiet disposition, continued a Loyalist. His goodness of heart, however, would not allow him to harm any human being, friend or foe. He was just grown at the time of the American defeat at Brooklyn, and out of mere curiosity, walked down to the battle ground, saw the dead, and the ground covered with the scorched paper of which the cartridges had been made. He was a tailor by trade, and living, as he did, on Hog Island, in an exposed situa- tion, his house, or rather Squire Smith's, with whom he lived, was now and then robbed by Connecticut whale boat men. Once, in the fall of the year, Mr. Ludlam had on hand a large quantity of cloth and made up clothing, the property of the neighboring farmers, which had accumu- lated on his hands, and which he had not yet had time to return to their respective owners; when suddenly, one night, the door was broke in, the house plundered, and all the garments and cloth carried off ! Thus was a whole neighborhood in a meas- ure deprived of their winter clothing and a sorry tale was there for Mr. Ludlam to tell his disappointed customers ! But I am digressing from my story. One fine summer day, in 1845, I crossed in a boat from the pleasant village of Oyster Bay to the residence of the venerable man. He was somewhat dull and careless, at the first few questions I put to him ; but when I spoke of olden times and the Eevolution, the tears came in his mild and somewhat bedimmed eye, his voice faltered^; I had struck a tender chord, had reminded him of the days of his youth — of troublous times. In a few moments he recovered himself, and as the recollection of times long past came to his mind, his conversa- tion took a cheerful and spirited tone. He related anecdotes and adventures of all kinds. " Come," said he, taking his cane and his broad brimmed hat, "let us go on to the hill and I will describe to you the attack by land and water which the French and Americans made on Lloyd's Neck. I saw it with my own eyes as I was binding wheat sheaves in my harvest field I just 64 years ago." For a clearer understanding of the matter, I made a rude sketch of Hog Island, and of Lloyd's Neck, which lies east of it. When we reached the field at (a), the old gentleman gave me a descrip- tion of Lloyd's Neck as it was in the Ee vo- lution. Pointing with his cane towards (6), "There,"- said he. "was the Fort built to protect the wood cutters, and used also as a depot for hay and straw which was collected from the adjacent country and shipped to New York. The French fleet landed a party of 250 men at (c), who were to attack the Fort in the rear, but they got bewildered, and when at last they reached the Fort, they found it bettor de- fended than their spies had led them to expect. In truth the guns had been mounted only the day before ! So unex- pectedly did the refugees discharge their grape shot, that the French (who had neglected to bring any artillery) at once j retreated, leaving behind some surgeon's instruments, lint, bandages, port-fire, &c., and the grass besmeared with blood. At the same time with the attack on the rear of the Fort, and to draw off the atten- tion of the British refugees, a French sloop of war hove to at (/), but could bring only one gun to bear on the Fort. She also attempted to cut out a British 10 gun brig that lay at (c) under cover of the guns of the Fort. The main body of the French fleet, how- ever, after landing the men at (c) sailed into the mouth of Huntington Harbor and attacked some British vessels that had run into a small creek for shelter at (h), a portion of whose crews had already landed and mounted a few guns in battery at (g), by which they hoped to keep off the French shipping. In this they succeeded, for as soon as the French Admiral was ap- prised of the failure of the attack on the landside of the Fort, he at once abandoned the attempt, sailed to a preconcerted spot, took on board his defeated marines and re- turned to Newport, saying very little about his repulse. Flaming paragraps were, of course, put forth in Eivington's Eoyal Gazette, as a terror to the rebels and an encouragement to the King's loyal sub- jects." Baron De Eeidesel writes to Gen. Delan- cey, to thank Capt. Young's officers and troops, and Capt. Van Wyck's company of foot, and such of the Queens County militia as turned out for their aleitne? s and willingness to assist Col. Uphav i. But it grivcs him to reproach the Huntir .g. ton militia for their unwilling conduct rmd absolute neglect of supporting Col. Upb am, commandant of the Fort that -was attacfcfd!' Firs! Ret: Prol. Dulch Chu ,vh alJamai.a LI. HISTORICAL SKSTCII OF TliE FIKST MEF. PHOT. D-Wmi €i OF JAMAICA. As the Corner Stone of the First Reformed Pro- testant Dutch Church of Jamaica will this day he laid, we have thought it not inappropriate to insert i in our impression of to-day the fullowiDg brief sketch of the History of this ancient Church and of its ministers — more especially as this paper will be placed with other documents iu the Corner Stone. In 1701-2 Domirif l^upaidus, \linister of the Re- formed Dutt'li Churches of Kings County died and there was no Dutch mini^^tt'r rfsidctit on the Island for three or four years. There h;id also been a steady emitrration of the Dutch from Kings County info the western purl of Jamaica asd periiaps in other parts of Queens Coun- ty. SuW the particular circumstances under which the Church at Jamaica was orojanized are now unknown. We do know, however, from the Record of baptisms that a church existed here as enrlv as June 19th, 1702. Tlie otbciatiug niiuister probahly came for tiie firtit year or twofrom New York City at times convenient to liini- jSelf. For fourteen years the co!i(,n-opation hnd no place of worship of their own, but as a stone church had been already built at the expense of the Town, they doubt- less used that in common wiili the Episcopalians and Preshyterians at tinit-s muiually ajireed upon. On the 15lh of April, 171.0, subscription papers were circulated thronuhout Queens County tor building a l^^formed Dutch (hnrch in Jamaica, that villaj,'e being then the county town. Indeed so early as Dc-c. '29th, 1709, the Church irt Jamaica had agreed with the Church- es of Kings County for the services of Domines Free- man and Antonides at £iO per annum for which they were to have preaching every third Itiunday — twice a day during summer. On the r'-th day of June, 1716, the Church had been completed and seats were allolt.-d to subscribers. In 17-27, tiie congce^alion in Queens C<.unly wished to be set olf from Kings County and have a pastor to themselves, giving as reasons ihat the co^igrcgation was widely dispersfuir that more Churches were needed in Queens County to accommodate some who had to tiavcl | over 20 miles en tho Sabbath, that they were surrnnnded | by Quakers and Anabaptists, that their young people by ^ reason of infrequent worship were going olf to olhcr^ Churfhe'"-, inteitinrryinff uiiii the l'';rinlisli — all whilm mifjlit be obviiited by having more frecjucnl worship uiid a ifsident ininisl.r. Tlic imrm-diiUe re.-uUof 'his petition we do'not know, but wp find that en the 23d of July, lliero weie tour Outch Ciiuiclics in Queens County and they iipreed lo give Doujii.e Van Busten £11) ptr aimniii for liis servi- ce.s. On the 19th of April, 1741, the Churches of Queens County httd wnited nine years for a minister from Hol- hind, but none came. Tliey thereupon nisuie a cmII on Domino John Henry Goethohius wtio was installed at Jamaica by D«imine b'reeman. On the 4th of September of the same year ten acres of land in Jamaica were boii',f!it for a l^irsoniige at a co>t of ^185- Doniine G letseliius not having been ordained in [lol land hut by Oomiiie i'orsius of the German Reformed Church, the eonj^re^ation began to feel doubts of the validity of his otHci.il acts, a schism followed, Goetsehi- us resigned and many of the children were baptized over again. On the I9tli of Sept., 1752, the congregations of Queens County united in a call on Thos. Ilomeyn, a student of 'i heology, on condition that lie should go to IJoiland for ordination, which he accordin<.'ly did and was installed at Jamaica by Domino Verbryck on the J 0th day of November, 17.'>4. Domine Romevn's first sermon was from Psalni'^, 119:9. On the foih of June, 1760. he celebrated th- Communion for the 10th time in Jamaica, and on the 30th of November following he preached his farewell discourse from Kphes. 6:24. 'i'here does not ajipear to have been an immediate suc- cessor to Komevn, as we find on the 18th of April, 1703, tliat the Rs-'v. Abra. Keteltas received JSi6.5s. as! his half year's sal.iiy. On the IG h of Kebruary, 176!i, Domine Van de Hoe- leu was installed as Pastor by Domine Van Sindcren — i the text was from Ileb. 13:7. Domine Roelen's fust: sermon was from Psalm 3i:12. lie continued as Pas- tor of the four Churches till a!)0ut 1772, though he oc- casionally preached and baptised till 1780, when being a Lotalist, ii is supposed he I ft the country. On the 11th of June, 177.5, Domine l"'roelio;li was or- dained Pastor over the Cliurches of Clueens County by Domine De Rondo at JauKiica. Being a Wh.ig, after 15 months of uiisnecessful lahor here he flod from the Island to escape the vengeance of the British. During the Revolution the Church was occupied by ihe enemy as a store-house, and the Dutch ministers from Kind's i'ounty Oo-casiunaily visit'-d the congrega- tions in Queens County and bapfizi-d their children. In .famaicil the use of the Episcopal Cliurch was allowed them. After t!i.v;is ropaireJ and in tlie ear- ly part of 1783 Domiiie Van Nesl v\M3 iiisUilUJ. lie lofl in 1797. On tlie 13th of .Ii;!y, 1-791, Doniine Knypors sv.is or- (1, lined bv Rov. .lohn H. iJvingsfon at r^iiccess, is Co- |i:istor vviiii Domilie Van Nest of lUo Collegiate Cliareh- os of Queons County. Tlie text was lippruiiiiate to ilie season of the ye idea of ornament, or embellishment of any kind seemed to occur to our forefathers in the erection of churches And school-houses and yet around them cling pleasant and happy memo- ries. The school houses, as I have known them, were innocent of paint inside or out, nor were the walls or ceiling plas- tered. The old fashioned fire place had indeed been supplantod by a close Dutch stove,which strove almost in vain to overcome the cold which rushed in with the wind at every crevice in the .floor and wainscot. The wood was su})plied abandantly and in a loose wav, usually each parent in rotation carted ;r load which was ex- pected to bo cut up by the larger boys from day to day as wanted. The fire was made in the morning by the first comer from coals h*^ had borrowed from the nearest house,' and in the cold weather the schollars were huddled around the stove till nearly noon, when the¥eea> would begin to get comfort- able. T'O The largfer (rivh were required to sweep the sebool whicli was done ubout one a week; and onco a quarter (or not so often) there wa.s a grand scrub hi ng time, ihe larger boys brlngfing the wa- ter and the girls clean /the floor with broonas . ^*/ Two boys with a v/ater-paii suspend- ed on a stick between them usu illy troubled some neijj^hbors's well/or wa- ter once or twice a dfty. The marked peculi.irity of those dava was the resp(i(;t''and deference with which children v.ere acciustomed to treat their superiors or elders. The moment a rev^j^eetable man was seen s approachino-, on tiie road, the boys and gii'Is arranged themselves in distinct rows and made their obeisance to the passor by who returned the saUitation with an inclination of tiie head and an approving- smile, p^vhaps. adding some pleasant remark. What wholesome santimynt is mculated bysuch practises corapared witn our moderii s^pecimeus of juvenile manners! Too often the way- farer hears a rude remark, a snow-ball is thrown at his horses, or the boys "hang on behind'" as the phrase is. One of the by-la, ws of ^ the Academy at Jamaica (1^92) I'uni^ thus: "When y' the tutor or any gentlemen comes in or goes out of the .school room, every scholar shall rise tap with a respectful bow- and they shall treat all men, es- pecially known sujjerior^witli the great- S est modts y and respect." Why ne>ut lU clas^KrS, bnt each scho'ar plodd«'l on tdono, aud vyhen his slate was full ot sains, he es- hibited it to the madcr as he was then called, for approval. They wevp* then copied into a cyphering- bftok. Origi- nally the teacher jUoik; had the printed arithmetic, wbicli whs i'ov that reason called the 'Teaclior's Assistant,' as sup- plying him with examples and their solution ; but ahcc ;i while each scholar suDplied himsc'f with au ai'ithmetic, which relieved tiio t»>aoher of the lab'^r of settinioj the scholars' suras on iL^ ir slates. E:i<;)> (>f the wore advanced scholars had a quire ,'V so of foolscap paper stitched in a paste-board cover, called a cyphering book. In this the master wrote thf^ (-xamph-'s and when the pupil had p. ri Jriiied-the operation correctly on his slate, they were copied into the cyphering book and kept as an heir loom in *he family, and might be used by younger brothera as a Key. The reading books were more varied. After the easy lessoua of the spelling book had been ni.■i5•;^orcd, there came thePsnIter, Testamvut utn! Biule. In eoiiiP pcho'-is were the child's Insh-uc- tor, tbe Youn;f.(T3ntleiuan and Lady's Then o.Miie, the '■ njevican i'receptor; and laitprly Muvvay's I.itroduetio;i, English i leader and S'lHiiel. Tlie New Englan:! Primer was always to be found in The schools, but it was rather used as a Picture Book. The catechism would be learned out of it, and other moral lessons. Noah Webster formed a grammatical Institute of the English language in thrcje i>ai-ts. Speller, Header, and Gram- naar. The first cuiv kept its ovound. Tiie spoiling- cIks w.is h feature of '^ those (Iba's — all tho scliol.'irri were ar- ranged in :i long row once and some- . . y times twice a day for jeivn4fi in their skill ^ ^' ^^ ^ S in orthoepy. This practice certainly produced good «peilera. To be 'head of the class' was the highfoi a scholar's ambition. When the New England teachers came elocution was attemptod, and the Columbian Orator used as a text book. Feeble attempts at dressing in charac- ter wnre also essayed. Compositions also were introduced but at a later day. AVriting was well attended to and it was good, —a legible round-hand. The labor of making pens from quills (for steel pens wero unknown) was not in- considerable, nor had the writing books beiiU ruled with blue ink as at present. Hence the industrious teacher was at his desk every morning a half-hour or so before the formal opening of school to mend and make pens, rule the writ- ing books with a leaden plummet and set copies. School usually commenced at 8 o'clock in summer and 9 in winter, and with a noon-spell of an hour, was let out at 4, But as only three branches of educatiow were taught, somehew, there seemed to be a good deal ' of un- employed time . Then the teacher from very listlessness would doze and nod, the scholars for want of better employ- ment read whatever was readable in the school books— perhaps for the , ^ / twentieth time. By oft a ttemptod per- ^ A-*^^^^ usal the very sums in the Arithmetic / were learnt by heart — especially the curious examples at the end of the book. In some scLools an intermis8ion was allowed, but luoie generally each scholar asked for permission to go out, at the sauie tune, turning a tablet or 'block' that hung by the door on the opposite side of which were inscribed 'IN'— 'OUT.' Grammar was not taught in thnge times. 'Tis true tiiat at the end of Dd- worths and Webster's spelling books, , there were bei«^ treatises on Knglish l-r i e / grammar but written on the basis of ^ Latin Gramar, with few or no ex- amples for practise. It may trulv be said that the act of teaching English grammar, but written on the basis of Latin Grammar, with lew or no exam- ples for practise. It may truly be said that the art of teaching English gram- mar was but little understood in those days. For in the statutes of the Acad- emy at Jamaica in 1792, it is ordered that the text-book for English Gram- mar shall be Webster to be read or re- peated by memory. Navigation was' taught in the Com- mnn Schools, for many of the young men in those days went to sea, so'me as sailors, some as supercargoes, some studied medicine and established them- selves in the West Indies till they had acquired a fortune when they returned and settled in their native place, ^ ^Plience navigation was a favorite study. Surveying also was not neglected. Latterly Geography was taughfafter a fashion almost without maps. Those penduous octavos of Guthrio and Sal- mon were text books in soine Acade- mies and were superseded by Morse. In common schools D wight s Geogra- phy by Question and Answer was used as a reading book. Astronomy was seldom, if ever, taught. Hence we need not wonclei that many persons almoin, to ou<. day had no faith in the revolution of the earth around the Sun, or on its own axis. Some of the books used in Academies, before 1800 were: Blair's Rhetorick; Stone's Euclid; j\Iartin's Trigonometry; Warden s Mathematics. In 1792. t "She use of Globes, Book- keeping, Oratory,Logic and ohronologj are named as subjects of study in U. H. Academy. We liad almost forgotton to speak of the school girl She too had her enjoyments, thougii she usually stcwd home in winter when the "big boy's" took a quarters schooling. ^The girls had their baby houses enclosed with a row of stones t>r^ may now be ye*/ seen along the highways, in country places. They made and veturned visits and kept house general] •. And if there were some pretty gentle boys, thox of- ten "played man and wife"), for a 'brief hour or so. In some schools the catechism was ^d recit»*c, but this was not a previaling custom. The catechism was generally heard bythe clergyman m-- at the church ^ orat nrivate house m some convenient neiohborhood. "^^^ Some of the New England Teachers were of a religious turn of mind and they would cause this to bo felt in school, and (;ould take part in a nrayer meetmg. If to this they could add the gilt of siuging and form sinonjg schools, their fortune wars made. They had the entree into respectable farmers' families and a favorable chance of a matrimo- nial aliance with theiv daughters. QUEENS COUNTY IN OLPEif TIMKfllo By H. Ondebdonk, Jb. THE CLERGY. The respect paid the clergyman was great. He was not perhaps so much in contact with the people as at present. The respect for rank was universal. The clergy wore bushy ^vigs, gown and bands, breeches with kuee buckles, and a cocked hat. They often rode on horse back owing to the bad roads but some- times they used a one horse-chaise. Every house then had a horse-block to which the horse was taught'lo side up' to let his rider mount. If a mantua- maker was wanted, »-«ixin was f ent af- ter her on horse back and returned with the lady seated behind him on a pillion. Some horses would not carry double. Our one horse-wagons began to be introduced a httle before 1820, and the saddle fell into disuse gradual- ly. But in the palmy days of horse ridiug, as soon as a boy aspired to be- come a young man, a new saddle and a handsome young creature was his first outfit. The young meu usually rode in couples, and many a neck has been bro- ken by their racing. It may be said that the people in those times got rich not so much by making money as b}' saving it It was a rule in one family — and that n(»t a poor one to make 3G5 candles last a year. The children went to bed when the chickens went to roost. So one pair of shoes with mendiug was calcu- lated to last a little girl the year round. Of course she went barefoot-iu warm wsather. e Every family had a lejtch-tub to maxe ley which was used to make soft soap. The boiling of soap required much at- tention . et. 7\ Dipping cradles was an operation that required^all the care that a pru- dent housewife could bestow. The t-ii- /^T^tMiJ" low^be melted, the candle rods furnish- ed with^^ wicks, the floor cleaned so that the drippings of the tallow may he kept clear of dust and dirt. Two saw ben- 71- ches 8 feet apart support two transveree . rails OK which rest 25 or 30 candle ^ed^ '7^/>^ The woman begins at one end and suc- cessively dips the 4he wicks in the pot of tallow, till tbe candle acquires the proper degrees of thickness. Breach of promise suit were rare. The first I notice is in 1807, when Rhoda Seaman recovers six cents dara;igvS from Simoon Searing. The next case was in 1822, Demott vs. Smith, with a verdict of $2,000. When a person met with a caJanuty, such as the burning of his house or barn, it was necessary to get a Permit from the '^irovernor to solicit assist'\noe. In 1729 Mr. Shaw of East Hampton was burnt out and had such a permit. This printed on a broad-side might be read from the pulpit by the minister who then preached a sermon on char- ity. Churches were sometimes situated in the Highway, when they were built at the expense of the town and considered town property. The church^in Jamaica ^-Z ^'^^ ia- Brooklyn, were put in the middle of the road, carriages passing on either side.* These buildings were used for any public business. The old Dutch chijrch jthat stood in Fulton street within a stone's throw of the C'ty Hall was occupied by Gen. Washington as his Head Quarters during the meiuor- able battle and retuat of Brooklyn. It wos in this bv ilding that the war coun- cil Oi General officers was held when it w,"s decided to evacuate Long Island and its dependencies. They were rarely painted inside On out: Pews were rare, but instead were rush-tottomed chairs for women and benches without backs for men. The services were in summer twice a day, with an hour's interval between, during* which the people walked about, con- versed, took a lunch, or went to a neigh- boring tavern and called for cake and beer, or something stronger. The sexton's ofHce was then unknown and not needed, for the tioor was sanded, there w»re no carpets nor cushions, nor chandeliers, nor heat- ing apparatus. The Deaccms unlocked the dooi- and with a long rod opened the high window shutteis from the out- side . The r-lerk's business besides sing- ing was on the occasion of a baptism, to write out on paper the niune of thu child and its parents and hand it to the min- ister and to provide water in a pewter basin. d * It is.related of Dominp YnnZinievan that while proac-hing. the r'nii.,'rvg;i'.;o!i htid their attention diverteu troin him by two w.nj^oua hastily driven one on eacli side ol^ the chureli. The Dominee cxelniri-ed a race ! " WI.eix-f ou the excitement of the congregation r: outu Bubsidud . i^" ^ r ^-^^ QUEENS OOtTNTY TN OLDEN TIME3. By H. Onderdonk, Jb. 8POBT3. But ih» sports' of school-boy days should not be tori^ction- such fis ball, tag, puss in- the corner, pLiying horse, racing, jumping, hopping, 'quoits, tetering, skating and sliding ou tuQ ice, running down hill and snow-ball- iag, f.>r then we had notable snow-storms. The rotds were drifted full, the fences covered with snow-bauks curved';,iu graceful and fan- tistio forms by the wind. The fall of snow was the premonitor ot joy and jollity among the younger meml)ers\if the\household. All other business gave way. The wood sled and I'i p'eas-.irc sleij^h were got oat, and errands of all kinds were coutrivied to put them in rq'iiriitKiU— drawing fuel from the woods, grain to the mill, or goods from the store. The plejisure'sleigh with its jingling bells Wis kept. busy iu visiting friends — especially those at a distance.!? Of course the children must stay home from school to share the ride. To accommodate the belles and beaux the count '.•y^Taverns7got"^u>p'"uumerou3 dancing frolics 'or '(in 'modern parlance) Balls, where the fiddle and giddy dance and supper kept the over-delighted rustics oblivious of the passing hours so long that they seldom got h:)me till morning. ?; Our modoni snow-storms ai-e of no account. Then in the absence of India rubbers we had stout greased cow-hide boots ; or if shoes, then knit leggins were drawn o'l the leg coming up to the knee and protecting the ancles from the suow. The boy who has an eye to gam nses early, draws on his leggins and waddles through the 8UOW to the woods ^ where he has set his box- ti'.ip and spring-pole for the rabbit. Some- times he liruls a squinel has by mistake been decoyed into the trap by the smell of the apple wh.ich was set for a b.ut, and has gnawed his way out of the wooden box and made good his OS -ape. ^When, however, ho secures a couple of sc^uirrels he strips off the skin whole (as near as he can> and turning the fur inside be has a pair of warm muter jjloves. He ulso sets quail iraps made of thin elder rods, or he attaches half a dozen snares of horse-hair to a cnrd held tense by two sticks ■dvivsii in the ground. About these he sprink- les chaff with a few grains of wheat. As he visits th^^se before and after school he seldom fails to dud soma uuiacky bird straggling for a larger liberty. These he has been taught to kill by preb-,mg his thumb-nail on the brain. When he sets a trap for the musk-rat that infest our ponds, ho will line it with old iron hoops, so that th<; prisanev m ly gun.w the iron btta-s in vain. Of tiie okiu ho wiilfmake hioi a wiim winter cap. The skunk he will leave to the negro who dexterously kills him, eats his iiesh and ex- tracts from his fat a valuable domestic oint- ment called " skunk V grease " and highly es- teemed. One of the oldest sports in Queens County is horse racing. The course was at first. 1669, on Salisbury Plains west of the Court House. It was afterwards styled New ^Market course. There was » race course around the Beaver Pond, Jamaica; also on Ascot Heath, Flat- lands. Beside horse racing, we have what is called the sack race, i. e., the persons who are to run ,vre enclosed in a tall bag or sack which is tied about the neck, so that nothing but the head is visible. ;,As a pendant to this we have the greased pig and the greased pole. A pig is greased and let loose. He becomes the property of the man who can catch and hold u him by the greased tail. To clamber a pole that hfi6 been well sUished is uo ordinary feat. From this we see that after a taste for mode- rate pU-HSUies is gratified, then an inordinate appetite mast be satisfied. When a tavorn'keeper wants to replenish his pnrs3(}, buys a fine f;it pig and distributes a certain number of chances at a certain price. Whoever gue.sses nearest the weight hj,s the pig. On the day of the guessing, a croisf d of ftie lower sort of people assemble, view the pig, discuss his probable weight, take a drink, get lively, drink again and again. The tavern keeper is in no hurry to kill his pig as long as the drinking and guessing are going on ; but when the crowd are talked ont and begin to get impatient, the pig is 'slaughtered in pre- sence of the crowd, weighed and handed over to the lucky guesser, who, perhaps, not know- ing what to do with " the elephant," sells him at a low figure to the tavern-keeper. He then treats all around and the crowd gradually fall off and retire homeward. So we have shoot- ing or raffling for turkey.s, at the Holidays. A colt or other fine animal is often disposed of by rafiling. Fishing, is not only a sport on L. I., but a means of support to great numbers'of poor people who "follow the bay," as it is termed. Many of these are gunners and shoot wild fowl as well as catch crabs. ;^; The eels are caught with bait in an eel-pot, or in winter are spear- ed [as they lie in the mud] through a hole cut in the ice. Oa the south shore skippers, a coarse clam, are caught, taken from their shells and barrelled up for baitjaud sold to the New Eagland cod-fisheries. On the north side of the Inland the oyster business has greatly in- creased, and most of the bottoms of the bays are now occupied by beds where young oysters grow for the New York market. In the deep waters and rocks lobsters are trapped and black-tish are caught with hook7>ud hne in abimdauce. | What with the hard clams, the soft clams, 'ruuscles and scollops it is hardly possible toijcalculate the volue of ?the Long Island fisheries. Nor" should/we forget the horse foot so r.i"ch used in fattening chickens and pigs. Who has'not^heard of grouse' and snipe shooting ? On the Plains we once had plover grounds, but these p©li»g days of the amateur sports- y man are now rapidlj passing away. '"The for- ests are being cut down and the ruthless herd of boys who fire at anything from a chipping bird to a barn-d&or fowl .has"' frightened away most of the lawful game. In Suflolk County we yet have deer. Deer hunts were once a great affair. Men divided into companies and intrsued^the deer accord- ing to a system. T' One party] went in the thicket to drive o^^'.t the animal, v/hile another stood in the road or clearing to^shoot^ him, t.3 soon as he made bis appearance. We often read of accidents happening from careleasnes*. Men being shot instead of the deer. The shad fishery shou'd not be forgotten — especially tis the Narrows was famous for its shad and the name of Cortelyou is memorable for making immense hauls. Whales have been struck .on Eockaway Beach, on Long Island and have passed by Brooklyn up the Hudson River. For years long past fislji ha76 be^n caught ia nets and used for manure, cspeoially isi Suf- folk County. The above cut is a representation of tbe stone meeting house erected by the town of famaica, as a common place of worship for its inhabitants in 1699. It stood in the niddle of the main street at the head of Union Plall street, then and long after callec ' Meetinghouse lane." The building was taken down in 1813, when the present Pres^ 9yteiian Church was erected.* At the first settlement of the town, there were some Independents, but in the course of time the Presbyterian Church prevailed. Church business was transacted at town meetings. Humphrey Underbill and William Creed are the only ones mentioned (iu 1674), as not in accord with their fellow-townsmen in church matters. At a meeting: held Jan. Ibt, 1694, in order to the building of a meeting house for the town of Jamaica, John Oakey, iSamuel Deane, Samuel Denton, Capt. Carpenter and John Smith were chosen a Committee to divide the town into five squadrons, and to see timber, stones and lime all gotten, as shall be necessary for said work. But it waa soon found that there was some unwillingness to be taxed for it by the Dutch popula- tion, and those at the west of Jamaica; and especially by William Creed, Robert Read, Esq., John Oakey, Daniel Whitehead, Nicholas Everett, Joseph Smith, Jonas Wood, Hendrick Lott, Elderd Lucas, Frederick Hendricksou and Theodorus Polhsmus. The matter was left to arbitrators who decided against the objectors, and they had to pay their rates, But the building of the church was delayed; and Sep. 13, 1698, a new Committee was chosen, consisting of Capt. Carpenter, Capt. Woojsey, Jonas Wood, Benjamin Thurston, Capt. Whitehead, Joseph Smith, John Smith, Edward Burroughs and John Hansen, to carry on the work cf building a church and see it truly carried out and ended. When Lord Cornbury became Governor of New York, he claimed the meeting house as the property of the Church of England, and encouraged the Rev. Mr. .John Bartow to strive with Rev. Mr. John Hubbard, the Presbyterian incumbent, for the occupancy of the building Hence occui-red a scene which we will allow Mr. Bartow to describe in his own graphic style : " I once met with great disturbance at Jamaica. Mr. Hubbard, their Presbyterian minister, having been for some time in Boston on a visit, returned to Jamaica, the same Satuiday night as I came to ir, and sent to me at n:y lodging (I being then in com- pany with our Chief Justice, Mr. Mompesson, and Mr. Carter, Her Majesty's Comp- ti-oUer), to know if I intended to preach on the morrow. I seat him anssver I did intend it. The next morning (.luly 28, 170.3), the bell rang as asual, but before the last time linging Mr. Hubbard was got into the church and had begun his service, of which no- tice was given me, whereupon I went into the church and walked straightway to the pulpit expecting Mr. Hubbard would desist, since he knew I had orders from the Gov- ernor to officiate there ; but he persisted, and I forbore to make any interruption. Iu the afternoon I prevented him by beginning the service of the Church of England be- fore he came. He was so surprised when he got to the church door and saw me per- forming divine service, that he suddenly started back and went aside to an orchard hard by, and sent in some persons to give the word that he would preach under a tree. Then I perceived a whispering through the church, and an uneasiness of many people, some going out, some seemed amazed, and not yet determined to go or stay. In the meantime some that had gone out returned again for their seats; and then we had a shameful disturbance, hauling and tugging of seats, shoving one another off, carrying benches out, and returning for more, so that I was fain to leave off till the disturbance was over, and a separation made; by which time I had lost about half the congregation, the rest remaining devout and attentive the whole time of service. After which we locked the church door and committed the key into the hands of the Sheriff. We were no sooner got into an a.djoining house but some persons came to demand the key of their meeting house; which, being refused, they went and broke the glass windows, and put a boy inlo open the door, and so they put in their seats, and took away the pulpit cushion, saying they would keep that for their own minister. The scolding and wrang- ling that ensued are by me ineffable." The next time I saw my Lord Cornbaiy, he tb'inke^l me for-whst Ihad done, and said he would do the Church and me justice. Accordingly he summoned ilr. Hubbard and the heads of the faction before him, and forbade him ever more to preach in thechnrch, for as it was built by a public tai it did appertain to the established church. He also threatened them all with ihe penalty of the statute for disturbing divine service, but upon their submission atd promis*} of future quietness and peace, he pardoned the offence." The Presbyterians made other violent attempts to regain possession of the chnrch but failed, and were fined and punished. They worshipped for nearly 25 years in a building erected at the east eni of the villa^je, and alsD ia the County Hall. At last they commenced a suit at law, and were successful. Tais was one of tne most imrort- ant law suits that ever was prosecuted on L. I., and aroused all the bad feelings of tlie litigants. In the absence of a faU report, we «rive the minutes of the trial as we nnd them noted in the private Eecord book cf the Judge before vrhom the case was tried. They are dry and techaicil, but they are all we have to give : "Supreme Court held at Jamaica, Dec. 23, 172S, Lewis Morris Esq^. Chief Justice. Stephen Theobalds on the demise of Carpenter and others ts. Thomas Poyer, Bee tor of the Parish of Jamaica. Kvn>s:$c£ vos px>u2rnrT. Nehemiah Smitn eworn. Coi. D injan's f .t u; -:o ihe inhabitants of Jamaica, read Z .c^■iriib Mi'.'.s s«f.rn. To«ra voce of Jim i:c» la IT 6. to vest thesrooni on which the chuefa staads, in certaia petSQM^ nai. John Foster and S^mcel Smitii sworn KVXOSX05 FOB DSIXKDi.VrS. Copr of town vate read- Co--- •" ^^ - town meeting read Be _ - vom. Dr : _ 1 .in confesses le^se entry »nd caster. A Vv.s L. ..-.-- ,. -crin^ pcrsors to carry on the l)a!lJ:n£ of a raeeling hoaaj or charch. An Ac; •>: Av<^rn i.r for las; e-rectia^ * pnLlic edifice m 15W, revl. Jonatbaa \S'h;:eiii-il sworn. A nfceipk fro.-n the Trasiees u> Jonathan Wh:tel»?ad as collector, for money jitbered by him ia IIM. aimue" S nitb sworn. An Ac; for seuiin; a min'-stry in several towr-s m the Pr<->v=nce, read .\ ooy of a recont of a iriai b-tween Taomas Poyer and Georw Mc^ish. in the Sspreae Coort, VM prolace«i a-* evi=ieace, and allowed. A pi'.en; froai G >r. X c >!ls lo the inb-\bttants of Jamvc-v read- A rele-ise from Wm. Hallett. ih^; earviTiag patentee, to Tiiis. Poyer. for the church or taSding in dis- pa e, read. Cnarles Doughty took his aSrma-ion. KVtnSNCS FJS PLaXSTIFP BSSrJCID. Wi'Jiini Cjrpenter and Thomas 6!n:ta sworn. Tnotai* Gale ;.>o& hi* sffirrnati 30. De- > R- -^n .ff. Joan P;?"i'. and Andrew C'lrk sworn. A - . B ckler, iu an inferior Coar; tield at Jamaica, read. r ■ - id sw,>ra- T;. -c . ,^.; ; -he ;own in 1595, re^d. Two orders of ibe towz :a 1^7, read. N:cb-.!i* Be;r:a'. s^rorc. The j Try find for p^iin'.iff 6 pence dsmare-? and 7 pesce cos:s. Tt»f jrwai retamed, Xoveiaber Term. IT?-. Mr. Foyer's counsel complamed of the partiality of the Jnd»e, for lie designed t-> put the matter on some points of law which were in his favor, and in the time of trial offere^i to demur in law, but was diverted therefrom by the Ju \^ who t>li him that h*^ would recommend it to the jury to find a special verdict, aad if they did not he wouH then alio* a new trial. This he afterwards refused to do, saying a bad promise w^as better bmke than kept. *Xi»TK, — For tne above drawins we are indebted to the ftnt'qiariaa taste of Jai^a Davtd Lani*->er?on. He nad carvfn-!v d-*wTi it wi;h a lead pencil. He also prv-e^T tion for Whig pris- oners. Soon after the British army came into Jamaica(1776), a parcel of frolisk- 8ome young Loyal* ists perched them> aelres in the belfry and commenced sawing off the stee- ple. Word was broocfht to the pas- *or, Mr. Burnet. Whitehead Hicks, Mayor of New York, happened to be etay- iag at the pareon- iige which stood in the rear of Mr. Lew- is* hardware store, in Beaver street, and he soon put a stop to the intended outrage. Mr. Burnet had married Miss Ann Combs, of Jamaica, a n Episcopalian, and was the only Fresbyterian minis- ter hereabouts that favored the British cause. He was.there • fore, allowed to con- [Republiahed bp Request.] tinue public services in the church during the war. Though he saved the churck f i-om destruction, yet after the peace the exasperated Whigs made it uncomfortable tot him and he had to leave. The Hiirhlaadera attended his services, and sat in the galleiy. Some had their wijej with them, and several of their children were baptized. Once when the seiton had forgotten to provide water for baptism, the thoughtful mother puUed a bottle from her pocket and poured the water in the basin. xv, t j v, i^ *i. •- After the war, and while there was no County Court house, the Judges held their Courts in the old church. Two robbers were here sentenced to death and hanged »t Beaver Pond. , . , . _ji The edifice was of stone 40 feet square, and had three doors, and aisles to correspond. The pulpit, surmounted by its sounding-board, stood on the north wde facing the gal- lory l old stone church while he yet had pos- session. He bore the charact'n- of a good natured, honest man and bcuelicent to his i neighbors. ! Note.— t Dr. Jones lived on pleasant terms ■ with Mr. Poyer. A note of hi.s yet remains ( wliich he, sent Mr. Poyer saying he expects some company to dinner and beg.s of Mr. Poyer some heads of cauliflower to set off his table." Will. in God's name, Amen. I Thomas Poyer, Clerk, being sick and weak, but of sound mind and memory make this my last will i and testament. ' | 1st. I give my soul to God, my body to ', be christianly buried, in certain hopps of a j re-union of my body and soul at'tlielast day, and of eternal live through the sole ' merits of Christ my t>aviour; and 2d, My worldly estate, ival and peisoiial. ' I give to my dear wife Sarah and her heirs, who has hereby power to sell such part as she pleases of my real estate for payment of my debts, and the rest of my estate tor the maintenance of herself and my chilrl- ren, and to be distributed amongst them at her discretion ; and I appoint lier Execu- trix. Witness my hand and s.-nl this 8tli day of January, Anno Domini, 17;J1. Tlie maik of T. r. \L.S. [ Thomas Poyer. Signed, sealed, delivered and pul)]is!i.'d by the within named Thomas I'oyer as his last will and testament, in presence of us 8amt7KTj Clowes. \{^\. OLDI'IELD. Evan J(>nes. Proved at Hempstead, Ap. 22, 1732, before the Hon. Geo. Clark". Letters granted to Sarah Poyer, Exeoutri.\. Notice in N. Y. Gazette, M;iy 1. 17S2. AU persons having any domands on t!'o. estate of the R^-v. Mr. Thos. Poyi-r. decivi^. ed, late Rector of the church at Jamai.-n, are desired to send their accounts to ids widow in order for their being satishe'^!. j^i~ Those persons who have borrowed any books of Mr. Poyer are desired to r<'- tui"n them immediately. YUNDHE. The house where Mr. Poyer lately liver? in, at Jamaioa, -witli a lot of laud thoreto adjoinijig ; his household goods, books and other things will be sold :it public vendue to the hia;hest bidders on Monday, th(j 30tu day of May next, 1732. Winow Pqyeb. Mi's. Poyer sold her homestead with Ifi; ftcres of land west side of Beaver Pond to the Rev. Thos. Colgan. After paying her husband's debts and settling up the estate she found herself greatly reduced and even ill want of the necessaries of life. She had lived in a plentiful state before marr-iage. She was yet living in 1743. One of the sulv scription papers for her relief has the foj- lowing contributions : ■s. d. s. (1. Bev. Thos. Colgan, Jain Hutcliiiigs, 2 Andrew Clarke, 22 .ur. Clowes, ^ 5 Benj. Wiggiii«, ();. Mrs. Bridges, 1 Ri. Everett, 1 John Eetts, . 5. Ri. Grf?ene, 1 Antiquities of Grace Clmrch, No. 6. Rev. Thomas CotjGan, Rector of the Parish, 1733 to 1755 ; was born in England, 1701,° and came over in 1725. On the death of Mr. Poyer, Rev. Alex'r Campbell, Miss, at Brookhavcn, de- sired the succession; but the Rector and "Wardens of Trinity Church, N. Y., having recommended Mr. Colgan, who had already begun to preach here since June, 1732, Gov. Cosby issued a mandate for his induction on Wed. Jan 31, 1733. He had a clear, dis- tinct and loud voice that could reach the remotest hearers in the church. Mabeiage. Mr. Colgan by his marriage with Marj', daughter of John Reade and money acquired thereby, took a higher position in the social circle than Mr. Poyer.* His children were Reade ; Mary, who mar'd. Christopher Smith owner of the place since Gov'r. King's ; Sarah, who mar'd. 17G1, Thos, Hammersly;- Jane, who mar'd. 17G0, Wynant Van Zandt ; Judith, Thomas and Fleming; John died in 1758. Note.—* Mr. Poyer desired in 1719 an appoint- Bient over the church at liyo, thongh he says : '•Jan'iaica is a much pleasanter place, where I have abundantly butter conversation than can bo had at Uyc." He offieiatcd at Itye statedly in 1720-1 ; and on Feb. 2S, rec'd. for his services £12, 10. and the Vestry agreed to continue hiin. Farm. He bought the farm of Widow Poj-er and added other land to it so that it was in- I creased to 66 acres, all in good fence, with i barn and orchard of 100 trees capable of ! producing 100 bartels of older a, year. The ; house had eight rooms on a floor and two t good rooms up stairs, sash windows, having a beautiful view of Beaver Pond, more at- ! tractive tlien than now as it was overgrown i with shrubs and bushes and was a resort of ! birds and wild fowl. Ilis widosv offered this fil!!i I. Wiitc-rs, U Tiies. Welling, 1 Sam. Welling, 1 Note-*— 178G, Feb. 9. "For sale, the farm be- longing to tbe Episcopal cbiircli, Jsimaica, pleas- antly situated a mile west ol the village. It con- tains 70 acres (6 of which in woodland) good for pasture or tillage. It baa a house, barn and young orchard with a variety of other fruit. In. quire of Christopher Smith, Jauiaiea ; Dan. Kis- sam, Flushing Fly, or Rev. air. iiloomer, New- town." In 1788; RIi-. Blooraor spent L"1'J. 19. 9. in repairs on the glebe. In 1788, Jacol) Bedell serv- ed as clerk at £5 a year. In 1792, the vestry vote that his character shall be looked alter. Ai^tiquities of Grace CIiui-cli,' 2To. S. Wm. HAMMEiiii, Rector, 1790 to 1795. was called Aug. 1, 1790, at a salary of £40 per year from Jamaica and £25 or £30 in lieu of the glebe. Kewtown paid £40, and Flushing £35. Mabeied in N. Y.. Oct. 22, 1791, Eev. Wm. Kammell of Jamaica to Mrs. Catharine Piercy widow of Capt. Piercy of the British Navy. In 1791, candles for the lecture cost 7s.. &d. Dec. 30, 1793, a subscription was started to buy a horse, saddle and bridle for Mr. Ham- mcll. Newtowai paid £5 18 ;' Flushing £10, and Jamaica £17 8. The horse was bought of Wm. Golder for £34. In 1792, the glebe was sold to John Van Liew for £603 10 and the money lent OA bend, to P^lias Hicks £225 ; to John B. Hicks £200 ; to Christ'r Smith £100. Mr. Hammcll's eyesight became so weak tluit he could not well see to read prayers in public service, so he resigned Aug. 1/, 1795; but his people paid his salary up to Nov. ftnd added a gift of £100. Died on the afternoon of Feb. 17, 1840, after a short illness, in the 78th year of his age, Eev. W. Hammell of the Episcopal Church. The friends and acquaintances and those of his son Wm. H. Hammell are respectfully invited to attend his funeral to-tnoirow af- ternoon, 19th inst., at 4 o'clock, from No. 31 Downing st., N. Y. Communicants 1791-3. Jas. and Milla Mackce' Isaac and Mary Pettit. Mrs. Ann Betts. James, Barab, Ann, and Ann U. De.;^ieyst !r. John and Mary Dudley. John and Deborah Dunn Catbarin'.^ Hammell. Jas. and Sarah Morrell. CHAEIiJLS SeABUKY, son of the Bishop was called Jan. 15, 1 and left Mar. 2d, Aaron Van Nostraud. Jacob Vail Pelt. Aletta Warne. Christopher and Mary Bmitb. Elijah D. Eattoone was called May 12, 1797, at a salary of $250 per year, from Jfi maica, and the interest of £900 which the church had in bonds from the sale of the glebe. He resigned June 4, 1802, and went to S. Paul's church, Balti- more. He had married in 1791, the daugh- ter of Kev. Dr. Beach of N. Y. His re;ii- dcnce ^Ya3 the place since Miller's, and is thus described April 23, 1802 : "A country seat in Flushing, on the road from /amaica, containing 110 acres, being land bou;cht by BenJ. Cock of Thos. WiLcfct 1793. On it is a u.-\v house 44 by .30 feet, with a kitchen and bedroom for servants iu the ba;?. mcnt, and 6 bedrooms on the 2d story. It is on a lofty eminence with a view of Newt.'vn, Flushing and its bay, the Sound > .^stch ester and the Jersey shore. The gruui.d slopes from the house which overlooks the farm, and is approached by avenues of butternut and poplar trees. It has pear and cherry trecS and 1200 peach trees transplanted from Prince's nursery. Enquir.i of Pi,ev. Dr. Beach, N. Y., or Eev. Mr. Kattoone on the premises." In 1797 Jas. Mackerel bought the place of Eliphalst Wickes for a church glebe at a cost of -300. In 1797 the glebe of Grace Church w;is purchased b^' Jas. Depeyster, and in 1803 the vestry decided that Mrs. Depeyster must take notliing that is fast from the plebe. In 1793 John V. Nostrand and Elizabeth Johnson re:)ted the glebe, and in 1799 V. Nos- trand and Mr, Price, In 1799 a stove was got for the church. In 18C0 the small house and lot produced a yearly rent of £24, In 1801 Lliss Wolt'endale and her pupils are allowed the use of a souare pew. In 1815, Oct. 20, the globe was sold to Dr. j N. Shelton for $1250. Feb. 22d, 1800, was commemorated in honor of the virtues and talents of George i Washmf:-ton at Jamaica, w'hi-n Mr. Eattoone said prayers, Mr. Ei^^enbrodt delivered the oration, and two odes composed by Lir. Fai- loute were sung. The [/recession was form- ed in front of the Episcopal Church and marched to the old stone church, thepulpifc, deslj and gallery of which were shrouded in black. The CniTKcii Fxtsds on esaminatioa iu 1794 proved to be in an unsatiofnctory eon:iition. Pliillip Van Cort- laud's bond for i500 in 1772 had I'lj^oars' in- terest due on it; Etoury Dawson's bond for ;i:;}5 7. 7, had 15 yearly' interest due, and Benj. Carpeiittn-'s bond of £23 5. 7, liad 10 yearo' iuLerest due. CAiiViN White was induc-ted July 21, 1803. The vestry and clergy dined at Mrs. Waters'. His salary was $500 and til e use of the glebe, whieh John v. Nostrand the tenant was re:iuosted to give up to hiiu Doc. 10, 1802. There i seemed to be a mutual misunderstanding between him and the vestry. The vestry were displeased at his alleged want of can- dor. He left Aug. 17, 180-1. Mr. White left the Presbyterian church and passed thro' the Episcopal on his way to Eomo, Ee was, it is said, an accomplished scholar and thorough master of Hebrew, He was wide- ly known and loved. His life was pure, heart kind and manners courteous. He died at Derby, Conn., in 1553, aged 90. Hi. Grant White the literateur is his grandson. ]\lAKiaED j Oct. 23, 1792, by the Kev. Dr. McWhorter, | the Ecv. Calvin White, minister of Hano- j ver, N. J., to Miss Phebe Camp of Newark. "Happy the youth that tiiuls the biide Whose birth is to bis awn alUed, The sweetest joy of life."— tiatts. Geoege Stkebeok, ] who had served 6 months at North Salem, j was called for 6 months from May 1, 1S05, There is no record of his services here as ChristoplierSmith then died. Mr. Strebeck had been a Lutheran. He was deposed for j intemperance when rector of St. Stephen's ] church, N. Y. After that he kept school i and his sun went down in a cloud. Ftcv. S. , E. Johnson once when traveling out West j stopped for the night at a taver^ and saw | a man in seedy clothing sitting in the bar- j room. Toward b j l-time the lancUora said : j "Strebeck it's time now for you to go home.' Andrew Fowlee was called for G months, Ap. 8th, 180G. He was bom at Eye in 17C0, kept school there and read prayers for 6 months at the close of the Eevolutionary war. He was ordain- ed priest 1790 and for 2 years had charge of ! the' churches of Setauket, Huntington and Oyster Bay. Thence he went to Courtland. He died respected and beloved at Charles-, ton, Dec. 9, 1850, aged 90. JOHN IlEELAND. who had served at Westchester and Brook- lyn, was called for G mouths from May 1, 1S07. lie died as chaplaiu in the Brooklyn navy yard. Mar. 25, 1822, aged 6G. Ho was born ill England, the son of a British Eov- olutionary oliicer. He was a scholar of polished manners and pleasing \oice. Edmund S. Bakey, a classical teacher in N. Y., of Irish birth, was calhid for a year for $500. The vestry also paid his stage expanses, and board from Sat. night till Monday morning. Timothy Clowes Was called Ap. 23, 1S09, at a salary of S7Q0, and loft Ap. 9, 1310, for S. Peter's, Albany. He was a graduate of Col. College, served S, Matthew s church, Jersey City, from Aug. 1, 1808, till he came to Jamaica. He board- ed at widow Dunbar's and became engaged to her niece Mary. The engagement was subsequently broken off by mutual consent. The people would not lut the matter drop thus, but took sides for and against their minister. Mr. Clowes having allowed some disparaging remarks to escape his lips, Miss Dunbar at the instigation of her friends brought suit against him in the Supreme Court, N. Y., Oct. 30, 1810, by her attorney, Martin S. AVilkins. The ablest coimsel were employed on both sides and th<^ jury rendered a verdict, iUay -1, 1812, of iDl.OCil dama:es and G (^ents costs. — Eve. Post and Mer. Adv., Aj). 25, 1812. Mr. Clowes was a large, raw-boned man, but beneath a rough exterior he had a cul-. tivated mind. He published a volume of sermons and some mathematical works. Most of his life was spent in teaching. In 1830 he started a weekly paper called The Schoolmaster. He closed his chequered ca- i"eei at Benip-^tead, tlie place of his nativity, June 19, 1847, at tlie age of GO, having re- ceived the last coiisolations of the eimrch GiLBEKT H. SaYKES was called May 1, 1810, at a salary of $750 per year. He was a graduate of Col. College 1808, studied for the ministry with Rev. Dr. Lyell of N. Y.,' and was ordained priest by Bishop Hobart in Zion Church, N. Y., Feb. 27, 1812. At his first coming ho wore the conventional dress, of that day, viz : breech- es buckled at the knee, black stockings, and shoes. He retired from the charge May 1, 1830, on an allowance of $100 per year for five years. He died Ap. 27, 1867, aged 80, having received the degree of S. T. j D., in 1H&. I Hefu-stoccupiedtliehcii-enowDr.Wood'.i - j but ill 1812 the place of Smith Hiclis was bou;,'ht for liini at :i cost of £082. In 1820 I the parsonage farm -was sold to the Beetor ; for Uiiii). j Mr. Hayras' parents were Friends. When I a mere boy in N, Y., instead of going to i meeting on First Days, he sti-ayed o^' to j other churches to hear eloquent speakers, I and especially to llut^tir's st. Presbyterian ■ church where he was captivatL'd with Dr. j Milleiioh-r. His views changed and the | painful duty was laid on him of forsaking j the belief of his parents. His mother laid , his defection deeply to heart and was so j strict and conscientious a Friend that she ! could nc\ er attend his public ministrations, i tliough otherwise she had all a mother's ai- [ feotion for him, i After Mr. Sayrcs retired from the rector- j sliip he let no opportunity of doiir.^ good or ! of giving good advice pass by unimprove . 'i'he poor and iiunible found in him a bene i factor and counsellor. lie was a '.rtat i\ : d- . er arnd his mind was well furnished with useful knov, ledge. IJaviiig enjoyed th.? so- ciety of sta^tesmen, lawyers, and proniinei'.' I men, he had a good store of interesting ai I eedotes that made his company desirable. , ; He had overtasked his bodily and mentai energies early in his ministry. Kaving for | long years struggled against sundry ail- ments, by great care and prudencd his use- ful lif .^ was prolonged to an advanced ag.'. He was emphatically the christian gentle- man. Chtjecii Eesitilt. June 2d, 1820, the vestry resolved to re- pair and eidarge the old churcli ; but at a meeting, 8ept. 7th, a plan of a new church v/as submitted to tiieir inspection and lyas approved. John Van Not^trand and John Tiiatford were the builders. CONSEGEATIOX. 1822, July 15, Monday morning the neat and elegant church was consecrated bvBiah- op Kobart. His text wa.s : "Take care hov*' ye hear." The house was crowded to ove:- ilowing. Timothy Nostrand and L. E. A. Eigenbrodt wawi-ns. Wm. L. Johnson oonimencod here Mayl, lo30, atSGCOayear, and liiK'iiig his own dwelling. Ke rec?ived the degree of D. D., from Allehany Col- lege. He died Au.;. 4, 1870, a; ed 70. Sev- eral of his tfv,-rmons were piiblislied. He was a niaii of a euliivated mind and gener- ous to excess, liaving never learned tlie art of hoarding up mom.'y. CiiKisriAN Courtesy. At a special meeting (lb57, Nov. 23,) the vestry expressed tlieir deep sympathy wiLh the congregation or inc uei. Jjiicen^ciinreii in thesevcraclispeu-ation of being deprived oi" tlie use oi' tlieir liouse of wordhip by fire, and tinidorcd tlieai the use of their ciiurcii on Sunday afternoons, and directed that seat6 be pruvid.'tl for .■iuch of thorn as may wish to attend our reguhxr services. Signed, Jer. VatjEKTIne, Clerk. 18G9, May 8.— Tlie vestry concluded to re- pair the ciiurch, and Aug. 2G, it was reopen- ed and a grand Te Deum performed. 18G1.— About 3 o'clock on New Year's morning, a Are from th^ Hue of the furnace was disco \ured. The newly repaired chur ;< was dj^^^-troji'd with most of its contents, organ, two tablets, communioa table, etc The bell was cast at EliKabethtown in 1708. The tombstones under and near the build- ing v»-ero crumbled. Value $18,000, insured j' for ^G.OOO. I 18G1, Ivlay 21.— Th<^ vestry contracted v/ith I Anders Petersen, mason, and Kcndriek i Briuckerhoff, carpenter, to build a Gotliio , e.Kiiee of Jersey bine stone, size 43 by 9 J j feet, the tower 12 feet squaie oa S. W. cor- ner to l>e 112 feet high. July 6th, the corner '• atone was laid by Bisiiop Potter. Among ] other tiuiigs it contained a list 04 %he> officers ' of tlie ciiurch, viz : 1 liov. Wm. L, Johnson, D. D., Eector. 1 Honrlrick Briuckerhoff, i Jolai A. King, \ Wardens. 1 Vestrtjiiien. | Wm. J. Cogswell. Dajiiel Smith. j, Jureiuiah Valoatino. ISamuei T. Woollcy. Dr. G^. H. liiasam. James J. BreuSon". p John L. Benton. John Demott Bergen. |! On Sunday, Sep. 21, 1SG2, the new church j; was opened for Divine s rvice. The lie. -tor li officiated, assisted by E,ex'. 8. J. Corneille. i The organ was the gift of Gov, Khig, tiie | bishop's chair and books for the reading \\ desk the gift of his family. EXCHA]S"GE OP ChKISTIAN COURTESiy. At a meetuig of the vestry, Oct. 8, 18G2, the following letter was diawu up : To Ihs CoMsislorij of the Rrf. Dutch Church, Jamaica. Geatiemen— Y/hereas with great liberaji- ty and true christian spirit you gave the use of your Consistory Ptooni to the congrega- tioii of Grace C'huroh (on the destruction of its edifice by lire) for the purpose of Divine worship; tiierefore, Eesolved that our best thanks are hereby tendered you for the very acceptable and comfortable accommoda- tions t'urnisiied us ; and the congregation will ever hold in grateful remembrance this act of liberality and consideration. Signed. Jer. Valen'^^ii^e, Clerk of tlie Vestry. BetjL. The amalgam' bell was rejected and a new one from Aieneely hung Oct. 6, 18S2. It weighed over 1200 !lis. CONSECEATION. On Thursday, Jfan- 8, 18(53, Bishop Potter consecrated the church in presence ot! 21) clergymen. The instrument of donation and endowment was presented to the Bishop by John A. Khi-^. The Bishop gave the sentence of consecration to the Rector who read it to tlie congregation and gave it back to the Bishop who laid it on tiie commun- ion table. Tho Bishop preached a sermon to a large audience. S. J. CortNIELIiE left, for A'l Saints' church, N. Y., May 1(5, i 18G3. 8ervieo3 were held in the church every Friday eveuing during Lent. j Augustus W. Cohnell was called Jan. 1861, as Rector's assistant, and ordained priest by Bishop Potter Ap. 1. Thos. Cook was called IBGG, May 10, as assistant to the Keclor v/ho was now infirm. i G. WiLLiAJKON Smith j offi-.-'iit^dhereforthelirsttim.eNov, 26, 1871 | and ,vas called Fob. 6, 187^. Antiquities of Grace Cliurcli. K'o. 9. Jamaica. Th(S first Episcopal Church on L. I., was- at Jamaica ; the second one at Hempstead, as appears by the following extracts from authentic documents. The Ven. Society printed no reports be- fore 170i ; but Rev. Geo. Koith says: "T arrived at Boston, June 11, 1702, wdth Rev. Patrick Gordon who died sis wests afterat Jamaica of a violent fever then frequent at N. y., where he first had it as is thought." The report of Ven. Society (1704) says: "Granted Patrick Gordon, Rector of Queens county, £50 per annum, sinoe deceased." < 'Granted to Wm. Urquhart at Jamaica £30 per airaura." ^^"".i minisfyer is wanted for Hempstead who will be allowed £60 there per annum," The Rev "Wm. Urquhart arrived in N. Y., June 16th and on July -Ith took possession of the Parsonage and was inducted in Aug. 1704. But before his arrival the Gov'r. had already granted Bev. James Honeyman ad- mission to the ministerial function in Ja- maica where ho was serving in .^pril 1701 and hoped by God's blessing to be of con- siderable service to tho church. He liad left his station in the navy by command of the Ven. Society on purpose to serve at Ja- maica, where ho says "We have a church. but not tliose necessaries that are requisite to the daily discharge of our office, name- ly, neither Biblo nor Prayer Booli, no cloths for pulpit or altar." * In a letter of the N. Y. Clergy to the Vea. Society they say : "in 1702, Kev. Patrick Gordon came from Eng- land to the church at Jamaica, who before he could be inducted was snatched away by death from those people to their unspeaka- ble loss ; and upwards of 50 persons petition- ed Gov'r. Cornbury that he would give such directions to Rev. Mr. Vesey tiiat they might have constant lectures amongst them till that loss should be made up." Note — *0n the arrival of Mr. Uiviiiliart, Mr. Hoiioyman was sent to Newport where ha died fitter uvei 40 years service-, Mr. Gordon was buried by Mr. Vesey, Tuesday July 28, under the communion table in the old stone church and when it was taken down his remains and those of Mr. Urquhart were translated to the villag© cemetery. Another account says: "Pat- rick Gordon went from N. Y., with -design to preach in his Parish (;it the invitation of some of the best men in it) but took sick the day before he designed to preach, and so continued till his death about eight days after. God took him away just as he was about entering upon his charge." Administration was gi-anted on his estate (Dec. 5, 17a2)to Lewis Morris, Esq., who- with Samuel Clowes and Caleb Heathcote took great interest in the success of the Ja- maica Church. LOKD COBNBURY, the Gov. of N. Y. has been blarasd for med- dling with the church affairs of Queens County ; but he seems to have done little more (except disregarding the forms of law) than carry out the inetrucUona given him bj' his superiors, who wished the church of England to be established here.* We give four extracts : SO. — "You shall take care that God be duly and devoutly served throughout your government, that the Book of Common Prayer be read each Sunday and Holiday and that the sacraments be administered according to the rites of the- ehurcht of England ; that the churches be orderly and well kept and more built as the Colony im- proves. Besides the maintenance to each Minister of an Orthodox church a house shall be built for him at the common charge and land assigned for a glebe and the exercise of his industry. 61. — You shall prefer no minister to a ben- efice without he has a certificate from the Bishop of London of hisbeiug conformable to the doctrine and discipline of the church of England and of a good life and conver- sation. 62. — You shall give order that every Or- thodox minister be one of the Vestry and that there be no meeting without him ex- cept he be sick or omit to come. 63. — You shall enquire if there be any Minister who preaches and administers the sacrament in any Orthodox church or chap- el without being in due orders; and you are to give account thereof to the Bishop of Loudon." Maxims of English IjAW. "All meieting houses raised by public tax become vested in the ministry established by law and so of all lands and glebes set aside by public Town Meetings. Every church of common right is entit- led to a house and glebe; and they belong to the Eector ex-ojjficio." Note.—* Ths former Governors had encourag- ed equality among the sects ; but Cornbm-y strove to introduce the English Statutes of Uui- tbrmit}', in obedience to the instructions he had received (Dec. 5, 1702) from Queen Anne, After the Presbyterians were deprived of their meeting house, they renewed their eom plaint to each successive Governor. We give one that has never before been print- ed : "The Memorial of Nathaniel Denton, Thos. Waters, and John Everett to Gov. Lovelace : Jamaica was bought in 1656 from the In- dians by our ancestors subjects of the realm of England, Protestants (Dissenters in man- ner of worship from the forms used in the ehurch of England) who settled and im- proved the lands and called Ministers of their own profession to officiate amongst them till 1703. In 1676 the Townsmen set apart divers lands for the better support of such minis- ters ; and in 1693 bought a house and other conveniences for their accommodation. About 1699 the major part of the free- holders built a meeting house for the wor- ship of God in their own way, and peace- ably used it till 1703-4, when without trial or process at lawthej were with force tum^ ed out, and are still deprived of tho house, jands and other conveniences of said meet- ing house. All which, in behalf of the people of Ja- maica, we submit to your Lordship's con- sideration and pray such relief as consists ! With equity and justice," The Governor sent this Memorial to Tier. Wm. Urquhart the incumbent and Eector , who (April 4, 1703) thus replif-d : "Of what sect in religion the purchasers of Jamaica were I know not; but am cer- tain that the surviving Patentees were neith- er Presbyterians nor Independents. In 1G76 they set apart land for a Parsonage to con- tinu<^ at the disposal of the Town to a "Minister" which [word] being notexpress- *iy m'^utioned [or delinodj cannot mean "Dissenters," much less tiny particular sect of them ; but by inteudiuent of law designs an Orthodox Minister of the establisheit church of the realm of England, which [opinion] is favored by many adjudged cases on the Statute of Charitable Uses. On Sep, 29, 1693 [bhe Eev. John] Prudden sold back to the Town the Parsonage-house and honio- lut (which the}' before hud given him,) "to have and to hold as a Parsonage for the use of the Minisiry for ever," which grant in al! legal construction must be construed in fa- vor of the Established Church. In 1698 b}'- Act of Assembly a Church was built in the middle of the street. It is called a Church by them, and a very great many of the prin- cipal builders have always declared that they intended it for a Church of England. Be- sides, the very words of the Act, viz: "that there shall be called, inducted and establish- ed a good sufficient Protestant minister," can mean no other. For it was never known that any sect of Dissenters ever called their place of public worship "a church," or that they elected "Church Wardens" and "Ves- trymen," or that their ministers received "induction," as are the words ol that Act of Assembly. The}' comi)lain of being "turned out," etc. It is true that when there was no Orthodox minister, a Presbyttrian or Independent minister has had the possession of the church, house and lands (which was the case of Hempstead also, but all were will- ingly surrendered when demanded by Mr. Thomas) ; but tliat whenever a Church of England minister came, he always took pos- session of the church, which was in effect the possession of the whole. Besides, ^ir. Hubbard was not "forcibly turned out" but on Lord Cornbury's order he quietly left ; and they have since erected themselves a meetinghouse at their own charge. Wherefore I heartily pray your Esoellenoy as a good father and patron of the church, will discourage those Memorialiits as the disturbers of her peace." The Governor requested the memoralists to draw up their objections to Uv. Urqu- hart's letter but he died before. the case could be argued before him ; and so nothing came of it. Mr. Uniuhart also died about the first of September, and the Lieut. Gov. put the things belonging to tlie church in custody of Samuel Clowes, a true lover of the church, which was, he says, a great detriment to his secular aitairs amongst the Dissenters his inveterate neighbors. Hempstead Church. Prom the preceding quotations from co- temporary records it appears that Jamaica had three Episcopal ministers settled before Hempstead had one. This statement is illustrated and confirm- ed by several authors : (1). The Kev. Geo. Keith, an itinerant missionary of the Yen. Society, says: "On Sunday, Sep. 27, 1702, I preached at Hemp- stead where was such a multitude that the church [Presbyterian] could not contain them. Many stood without at the doors and windows to hear, who were generally well affected, and greatly desired a Church o! England minister to be settled among tliera. ' (2). Kev. John Bartow of W, C. says (May 24, 1704) : "Hempstead has long expected a Missionary from the Yen. Soci<'ty, and I hope they will soon be answered." (3). Rev. Mr. Pritchard of Eye writes (Nov. 1, 1705) that "the Yen. Society would do well to send Mr. Stuart to Hempstead, where they stand very much in need of a minister, and complain very much for [want of] a Churchman, it being the best place iii the Province of N. Y., and best affected for the church. I design to preach there (D. Y.) frequently in order to continue them in a good opinion of our Church till a minis- ter comes. Mr. Vesey * and the people of Hempstead have been very prQssing on me to remove there, saying Lord Cornbury would willingly consent thereto." Some one may say : "Well, if the Hen;;p- stead church is not older than that of Ja- maica, what is the date of its establish- ment r We let Mr. Thomas n^ply to this question in the very words tluit ho himself wrote in the ilegister Book, July 13, 1707 ; "I, John Thomas E. Coll. Jesu Oxon vvas inducted Rector of Hempstead, Dec. .7, 170-1." Mr Thomas' name appe»a-9 for the first time in the Yen. Society's Report of Feb. 16, 1705, when a grant of X50 had been made to' him. Mr. Thomas writes to the Yen. Society (Mar. 1, 1705) thn.t "the people of Hempstead are better disposed to peace and civility than they are at Jamaica, yet My Lord Coriibury's countenance (next to the Providence of Heaven) is my chiefest safe- ty. I have scarce a man in the Parish truly steady and real to the interest and promo- • tion of the ^church any further than they aim at the favor or dread the displeasure of his Lordship. At the first commimlon I could persuade biat three to receive." Caleb Heathcotc writes (Nov. 9, 1705) that "Mr. Thomas has better assistants than Mr. Urquhart of Jamaica ; the leading men of HBmpstead not being disgusted, are helpful in the work, and having no other Secta- ries to oppose him by their meetings, but the Quakers, he makes very considerable- progress." Queen Anne (1706J gave to Jamaica, Hemp- stead and three other churches each, a large Bible, Common Prayer. Homilies, cloths for pulpit and communiontable, a silver chalice and paten. Note.-* It was natural for Mr. Vesey to take interest in the growth of the church of Hemp- stead for when be Ubored there as an I^iepen- dent or Congregational preacher be was call*c by the Dissenting Vesti, to Trinity Church, N^\., in a seeming but compulsory comphance with law thev knowing him to be not qualihed for ilio ehlrge ;C Mr. Vesey turned the tables on them tor as soon as he accepted and secured the call he changed his views, became a convert to Episco- pacy crossed the ocean and having received im- position of hands, and a certificate of lu& con- formitvfrom the Bishop of London, he returned to his cure and was inducted Rector ol the imrisli to the great mortification of the baffled Vestry ■who were thus caught in their own trap. LBFe'30 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 109 269 8